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Zhang C, Chen Y, Long Y, Zheng H, Jing J, Pan W. Helicobacter pylori and Gastrointestinal Cancers: Recent Advances and Controversies. Clin Med Insights Oncol 2024; 18:11795549241234637. [PMID: 38558880 PMCID: PMC10979532 DOI: 10.1177/11795549241234637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H pylori), a gastric bacterium, has been extensively studied for its association with gastritis, peptic ulcers, and gastric cancer. However, recent evidence suggests its potential implications beyond the stomach, linking it to other gastrointestinal malignancies, such as esophageal cancer, liver cancer, pancreatic cancer, gallbladder cancer, and colorectal cancer. In light of the expanding research landscape and the increasing interest in exploring H pylori broader role in gastrointestinal tumorigenesis, this comprehensive review aims to elucidate the relationship between H pylori and gastrointestinal tumors. This review encompasses recent epidemiological studies, research progress, and emerging perspectives, providing a comprehensive assessment of the relationship between H pylori and gastrointestinal tumors. The findings highlight the captivating world of H pylori and its intricate involvement in gastrointestinal malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuandong Zhang
- Cancer Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuqi Chen
- Cancer Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yan Long
- Cancer Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huimin Zheng
- Cancer Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Jiyong Jing
- Cancer Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wensheng Pan
- Cancer Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Diagnosis, Treatment and Pharmaceutical Development of Gastrointestinal Tract Tumors, Hangzhou, China
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Lee AA, Wang QL, Kim J, Babic A, Zhang X, Perez K, Ng K, Nowak J, Rifai N, Sesso HD, Buring JE, Anderson GL, Wactawski-Wende J, Wallace R, Manson JE, Giovannucci EL, Stampfer MJ, Kraft P, Fuchs CS, Yuan C, Wolpin BM. Helicobacter pylori Seropositivity, ABO Blood Type, and Pancreatic Cancer Risk From 5 Prospective Cohorts. Clin Transl Gastroenterol 2023; 14:e00573. [PMID: 36854058 PMCID: PMC10208692 DOI: 10.14309/ctg.0000000000000573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori infection may be a risk factor for pancreatic cancer, particularly infection by strains without the cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA) virulence factor. Non-O blood type is a known risk factor for pancreatic cancer, and H. pylori gastric colonization occurs largely from bacterial adhesins binding to blood group antigens on gastric mucosa. METHODS We included 485 pancreatic cancer cases and 1,122 matched controls from 5 U.S. prospective cohorts. Prediagnostic plasma samples were assessed for H. pylori and CagA antibody titers. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for pancreatic cancer. ABO blood type was assessed using genetic polymorphisms at the ABO gene locus or self-report. RESULTS Compared with H. pylori -seronegative participants, those who were seropositive did not demonstrate an increased risk of pancreatic cancer (OR 0.83, 95% CI 0.65-1.06). This lack of association was similar among CagA-seropositive (OR 0.75, 95% CI 0.53-1.04) and -seronegative (OR 0.89, 95% CI 0.65-1.20) participants. The association was also similar when stratified by time between blood collection and cancer diagnosis ( P -interaction = 0.80). Consistent with previous studies, non-O blood type was associated with increased pancreatic cancer risk, but this increase in risk was similar regardless of H. pylori seropositivity ( P -interaction = 0.51). DISCUSSION In this nested case-control study, history of H. pylori infection as determined by H. pylori antibody serology was not associated with pancreatic cancer risk, regardless of CagA virulence factor status. The elevated risk associated with non-O blood type was consistent in those with or without H. pylori seropositivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice A. Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Endoscopy, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Qiao-Li Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jihye Kim
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA;
| | - Ana Babic
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Xuehong Zhang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kimberly Perez
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kimmie Ng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jonathan Nowak
- Program in Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nader Rifai
- Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Howard D. Sesso
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA;
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Julie E. Buring
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA;
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Garnet L. Anderson
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jean Wactawski-Wende
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Robert Wallace
- Departments of Epidemiology and Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - JoAnn E. Manson
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA;
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Edward L. Giovannucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA;
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Meir J. Stampfer
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA;
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Peter Kraft
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA;
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Charles S. Fuchs
- Hematology and Oncology Product Development, Genentech & Roche, South San Francisco, California, USA
- Yale Cancer Center and Smillow Cancer Hospital, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Chen Yuan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Brian M. Wolpin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Zhou BG, Mei YZ, Wang JS, Xia JL, Jiang X, Ju SY, Ding YB. Is Helicobacter pylori infection associated with pancreatic cancer? A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Ther Adv Chronic Dis 2023; 14:20406223231155119. [PMID: 36890981 PMCID: PMC9986679 DOI: 10.1177/20406223231155119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives Recent observational studies have investigated the association between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and pancreatic cancer with conflicting data. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the potential association. Design This is a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods We searched three databases (PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science) from inception to 30 August 2022. The summary results as odds ratio (OR) or hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were pooled by generic inverse variance method based on random-effects model. Results A total of 20 observational studies involving 67,718 participants were included in the meta-analysis. Meta-analysis of data from 12 case-control studies and 5 nested case-control studies showed that there was no significant association between H. pylori infection and the risk of pancreatic cancer (OR = 1.20, 95% CI = 0.95-1.51, p = 0.13). Similarly, we also did not find significant association between cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA) positive strains, CagA negative strains, vacuolating cytotoxin gene A (VacA) positive strains H. pylori infection, and the risk of pancreatic cancer. Meta-analysis of data from three cohort studies showed that H. pylori infection was not significantly associated with an increased risk of incident pancreatic cancer (HR = 1.26, 95% CI = 0.65-2.42, p = 0.50). Conclusion We found insufficient evidence to support the proposed association between H. pylori infection and increased risk of pancreatic cancer. To better understand any association, future evidence from large, well-designed, high-quality prospective cohort studies that accounts for diverse ethnic populations, certain H. pylori strains, and confounding factors would be useful to settle this controversy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben-Gang Zhou
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Zhou Mei
- Department of Gastroenterology, The People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Jing-Shu Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Jian-Lei Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xin Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Sheng-Yong Ju
- Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, No. 368, Hanjiang Middle Road, Hanjiang District, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yan-Bing Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, No. 368, Hanjiang Middle Road, Hanjiang District, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
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Han Z, Zhang H, Lu L, Li X, Zhang C, Zhu J, Li C, Wang Q, Chen K. Research Progress in Intestinal Microecology in Pancreatic Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:6069403. [PMID: 36510609 PMCID: PMC9741542 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6069403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
The intestinal microbiota has an increasingly recognized role in the development of cancer, in which microbial interactions play a more important than expected role. Pancreatic cancer is a highly fatal disease, in which its mortality is closely related to its morbidity. Early detection is the best chance of improving survival. Through an in-depth understanding of the pancreatic cancer microbiota, we could establish screening or early diagnosis methods for pancreatic cancer, implement bacterial treatment, adjust the therapeutic effect, and even reduce adverse reactions. These would lead to new developments and provide hope for patients with pancreatic cancer. Herein, we review the progress in intestinal microbiology research to diagnose and treat pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zetao Han
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Haiyan Zhang
- Zhejiang Shuren College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Lu Lu
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Xin Li
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Caoyu Zhang
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Jiajie Zhu
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Chaonan Li
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Qingjing Wang
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Keda Chen
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310000, China
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Association between ABO blood group and unfavorable prostate cancer features after radical prostatectomy: Retrospective study of 1149 patients. Curr Urol 2022; 16:256-261. [PMID: 36714226 PMCID: PMC9875211 DOI: 10.1097/cu9.0000000000000146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives To test hypothesized associations between the ABO blood group (ABO-bg) system and the pathological features of prostate cancer (PCa). Material and methods Between January 2013 and September 2019, 1173 patients underwent radical prostatectomy. Associations between ABO-bg levels and pathological features were evaluated using statistical methods. Results Overall, 1149 consecutive patients were evaluated using the ABO-bg system, which was represented by O-bg (42.8%) and A-bg (41.3%), followed by B-bg (11.1%) and AB-bg (4.8%). Only positive surgical margins (PSMs) was correlated with ABO-bg (Pearson correlation coefficient, r = 0.071; p = 0.017), and the risk was increased in group-O (odds ratio [OR], 1.497; 95% confidence interval, 1.149-1.950; p = 0.003) versus non-O-bg. In clinical and pathological models, O-bg was at increased risk of PSM after the adjustment for prostate-specific antigen, percentage of biopsy-positive cores, and high surgical volume (adjusted OR, 1.546; 95% confidence interval, 1.180-2.026; p = 0.002); however, the adjusted OR did not change after the adjustment for tumor load and stage as well as high surgical volume. Conclusions In clinical PCa, the risk of PSM was higher in O-bg versus non-O-bg patients after the adjustment for standard predictors. Confirmatory studies are needed to confirm the association between ABO-bg and unfavorable PCa features.
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Panthangi V, Cyril Kurupp AR, Raju A, Luthra G, Shahbaz M, Almatooq H, Foucambert P, Esbrand FD, Zafar S, Khan S. Association Between Helicobacter pylori Infection and the Risk of Pancreatic Cancer: A Systematic Review Based on Observational Studies. Cureus 2022; 14:e28543. [PMID: 36185865 PMCID: PMC9518818 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.28543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) bacterial infection has long been scrutinized as one of the potential risk factors for the development of pancreatic cancer with quite inconsistent and unequivocal data. Little is known about the risk factors involved with this malignancy. In this systematic review, we aimed to examine the relationship between H. pylori infection and pancreatic cancer based on the evidence from the existing observational studies across the world. We searched major electronic databases such as PubMed, MEDLINE, Science Direct, and Cochrane Library. After a careful and thorough screening process, we selected 15 observation studies for this systematic review. Six of 15 studies found a significant association between H. pylori infection and pancreatic cancer. Additionally, four of these studies found a significant relationship between the cytotoxin-associated gene A strain of H. pylori and pancreatic cancer. Based on the evidence from the selected studies, a weak association was observed between H. pylori infection and cancer of the pancreas, especially in European and Asian populations compared to the North American population. The cross-sectional evidence from the case-control studies only suggests the existence of an association but does not provide substantial evidence of the causative relationship. Further large-scale, prospective cohort studies are warranted in the future to understand this contradictory relationship better.
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Chen Z, Zhang S, Dong S, Xu H, Zhou W. Association of the Microbiota and Pancreatic Cancer: Opportunities and Limitations. Front Immunol 2022; 13:844401. [PMID: 35309293 PMCID: PMC8928443 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.844401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The human body is thoroughly colonized by a wide variety of microorganisms, termed microbiota. Pancreatic cancer, one of the most aggressive forms of cancer, is no exception. The microbiota of pancreatic cancer largely influences and even dominates the occurrence, development and outcome of pancreatic cancer in many ways. Studies have shown that microbiota could change the malignant phenotype and prognosis of pancreatic cancer by stimulating persistent inflammation, regulating the antitumor immune system, changing the tumor microenvironment and affecting cellular metabolism. This is why the association of the microbiota with pancreatic cancer is an emerging area of research that warrants further exploration. Herein, we investigated the potential microbial markers of pancreatic cancer, related research models, the mechanism of action of microbiota in pancreatic cancer, and pancreatic cancer-microbiota-related treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, The First Clinical Medical School of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shaofeng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shi Dong
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, The First Clinical Medical School of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wence Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, The First Clinical Medical School of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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Antwi SO, Rabe KG, Bamlet WR, Meyer M, Chandra S, Fagan SE, Hu C, Couch FJ, McWilliams RR, Oberg AL, Petersen GM. Influence of Cancer Susceptibility Gene Mutations and ABO Blood Group of Pancreatic Cancer Probands on Concomitant Risk to First-Degree Relatives. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022; 31:372-381. [PMID: 34782396 PMCID: PMC8825751 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-21-0745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND ABO blood group is associated with pancreatic cancer risk. Whether ABO blood group alone or when combined with inherited mutation status of index pancreatic cancer cases (probands) can enhance pancreatic cancer risk estimation in first-degree relatives (FDR) is unclear. We examined FDRs' risk for pancreatic cancer based on probands' ABO blood group and probands' cancer susceptibility gene mutation status. METHODS Data on 23,739 FDRs, identified through 3,268 pancreatic cancer probands, were analyzed. Probands' ABO blood groups were determined serologically or genetically, and 20 cancer susceptibility genes were used to classify probands as "mutation-positive" or "mutation-negative." SIRs and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated, comparing observed pancreatic cancer cases in the FDRs with the number expected in SEER-21 (reference population). RESULTS Overall, FDRs had 2-fold risk of pancreatic cancer (SIR = 2.00; 95% CI = 1.79-2.22). Pancreatic cancer risk was higher in FDRs of mutation-positive (SIR = 3.80; 95% CI = 2.81-5.02) than mutation-negative (SIR = 1.79; 95% CI = 1.57-2.04) probands (P < 0.001). The magnitude of risk did not differ by ABO blood group alone (SIRblood-group-O = 1.57; 95% CI = 1.20-2.03, SIRnon-O = 1.83; 95% CI = 1.53-2.17; P = 0.33). Among FDRs of probands with non-O blood group, pancreatic cancer risk was higher in FDRs of mutation-positive (SIR = 3.98; 95% CI = 2.62-5.80) than mutation-negative (SIR = 1.66; 95% CI = 1.35-2.03) probands (P < 0.001), but risk magnitudes were statistically similar when probands had blood group O (SIRmutation-positive = 2.65; 95% CI = 1.09-5.47, SIRmutation-negative = 1.48; 95% CI = 1.06-5.47; P = 0.16). CONCLUSIONS There is a range of pancreatic cancer risk to FDRs according to probands' germline mutation status and ABO blood group, ranging from 1.48 for FDRs of probands with blood group O and mutation-negative to 3.98 for FDRs of probands with non-O blood group and mutation-positive. IMPACT Combined ABO blood group and germline mutation status of probands can inform pancreatic cancer risk estimation in FDRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel O. Antwi
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Kari G. Rabe
- Division of Clinical Trials and Biostatistics, Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - William R. Bamlet
- Division of Clinical Trials and Biostatistics, Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Margaret Meyer
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University, IN, USA
| | - Shruti Chandra
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Sarah E. Fagan
- Epidemiology and Genomics Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Chunling Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Fergus J. Couch
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Ann L. Oberg
- Division of Computational Biology, Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Gloria M. Petersen
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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Permuth JB, Rahman S, Chen DT, Waterboer T, Giuliano AR. A Case Control Study of the Seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori Proteins and Their Association with Pancreatic Cancer Risk. J Pancreat Cancer 2021; 7:57-64. [PMID: 34901696 PMCID: PMC8655807 DOI: 10.1089/pancan.2021.0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The association between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and pancreatic cancer (PC) risk remains inconclusive. We examined the association between H. pylori antibodies and PC risk in a case-control study at a comprehensive cancer center. Methods: Multiplex serology using a glutathione S-transferase capture immunosorbent assay in conjunction with fluorescent bead technology was used to measure antibodies to 15 H. pylori proteins in serum or plasma from 131 incident cases with PC or a PC precursor and 131 healthy controls. Reactivity to ≥4 H. pylori proteins was defined as the overall seroprevalence. Logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), with adjustment for age at diagnosis/interview, gender, and race. Results: The majority of the sample was 50 years or older, and from the white race group. Half of the sample were women. Seroprevalence ≥4 of H. pylori proteins was 11.1%. Overall, H. pylori seroprevalence was not associated with PC risk (OR: 0.59; 95% CI: 0.25–1.40). The prevalence of several H. pylori-specific proteins HP537 (OR: 1.78; 95% CI: 0.30–10.51), HP305 (OR: 1.38; 95% CI: 0.61–3.16), and HP410 (OR: 1.31; 95% CI: 0.44–3.96) increased the odds of PC. Similarly, H. pylori-specific proteins HP522 (OR: 0.25; 95% CI: 0.04–1.66), HyuA (OR: 0.49; 95% CI: 0.21–1.14), and HP1564 (OR: 0.63; 95% CI: 0.27–1.51) decreased the odds of PC. However, these findings were not statistically significant at α = 0.05. Conclusions: Our findings do not support an association between H. pylori and PC risk. Further evaluation of this lack of association is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer B Permuth
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Shams Rahman
- Department of Public Health and Health Equity, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Bethune-Cookman University, Daytona, Florida, USA
| | - Dung-Tsa Chen
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Tim Waterboer
- Division of Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anna R Giuliano
- Center of Infection Research in Cancer, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
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ABO Blood Group and the Risk of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Kashmir, a High Risk Region. J Gastrointest Cancer 2021; 52:696-700. [PMID: 32671566 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-020-00455-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND ABO blood group has been linked with a number of diseases including cancer. Association of ABO blood type with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) has been sparsely reported and the results are inconsistent. We undertook this study to analyze if any association exists between the ABO and Rh blood groups and ESCC risk. METHODS We conducted a hospital-based case control study to analyze ABO and Rh blood groups in patients with histologically proven diagnosis of ESCC and compared them with healthy donors from the same population. ABO and Rh blood group status of general population was obtained from the blood bank at Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences (SKIMS) and from original articles published from time to time. Chi-Square test was performed to look for statistical significance. RESULTS For this study, 206 patients were prospectively enrolled. Seventy-four (35.9%) patients had blood group O. Blood groups type A and type B was found each in 59 (28.6%) patients. In 108,014 healthy donors, 35.3% had blood type O followed by type B (33.66%). There was no significant difference in any of the blood types between patients with ESCC and donors (P = 0.31). CONCLUSION No association exists between ABO blood type and the risk of ESCC.
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Varon C, Azzi-Martin L, Khalid S, Seeneevassen L, Ménard A, Spuul P. Helicobacters and cancer, not only gastric cancer? Semin Cancer Biol 2021; 86:1138-1154. [PMID: 34425210 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The Helicobacter genus actually comprises 46 validly published species divided into two main clades: gastric and enterohepatic Helicobacters. These bacteria colonize alternative sites of the digestive system in animals and humans, and contribute to inflammation and cancers. In humans, Helicobacter infection is mainly related to H. pylori, a gastric pathogen infecting more than half of the world's population, leading to chronic inflammation of the gastric mucosa that can evolve into two types of gastric cancers: gastric adenocarcinomas and gastric MALT lymphoma. In addition, H. pylori but also non-H. pylori Helicobacter infection has been associated with many extra-gastric malignancies. This review focuses on H. pylori and its role in gastric cancers and extra-gastric diseases, as well as malignancies induced by non-H. pylori Helicobacters. Their different virulence factors and their involvement in carcinogenesis is discussed. This review highlights the importance of both gastric and enterohepatic Helicobacters in gastrointestinal and liver cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Varon
- Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, UMR1053 Bordeaux Research in Translational Oncology, BaRITOn, Bordeaux, France
| | - Lamia Azzi-Martin
- Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, UMR1053 Bordeaux Research in Translational Oncology, BaRITOn, Bordeaux, France; Univ. Bordeaux, UFR des Sciences Médicales, Bordeaux, France
| | - Sadia Khalid
- Tallinn University of Technology, Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Akadeemia RD 15, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Lornella Seeneevassen
- Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, UMR1053 Bordeaux Research in Translational Oncology, BaRITOn, Bordeaux, France
| | - Armelle Ménard
- Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, UMR1053 Bordeaux Research in Translational Oncology, BaRITOn, Bordeaux, France
| | - Pirjo Spuul
- Tallinn University of Technology, Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Akadeemia RD 15, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia.
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12
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Kunovsky L, Dite P, Jabandziev P, Dolina J, Vaculova J, Blaho M, Bojkova M, Dvorackova J, Uvirova M, Kala Z, Trna J. Helicobacter pylori infection and other bacteria in pancreatic cancer and autoimmune pancreatitis. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2021; 13:835-844. [PMID: 34457189 PMCID: PMC8371525 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v13.i8.835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is an infectious agent influencing as much as 50% of the world’s population. It is the causative agent for several diseases, most especially gastric and duodenal peptic ulcer, gastric adenocarcinoma and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma of the stomach. A number of other, extragastric manifestations also are associated with H. pylori infection. These include neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease, demyelinating multiple sclerosis and Parkinson’s disease. There is also evidence for a relationship between H. pylori infection and such dermatological diseases as psoriasis and rosacea as well as a connection with infection and open-angle glaucoma. Generally little is known about the relationship between H. pylori infection and diseases of the pancreas. Most evidence about H. pylori and its potential role in the development of pancreatic diseases concerns pancreatic adenocarcinoma and autoimmune forms of chronic pancreatitis. There is data (albeit not fully consistent) indicating modestly increased pancreatic cancer risk in H. pylori-positive patients. The pathogenetic mechanism of this increase is not yet fully elucidated, but several theories have been proposed. Reduction of antral D-cells in H. pylori-positive patients causes a suppression of somatostatin secretion that, in turn, stimulates increased secretin secretion. That stimulates pancreatic growth and thus increases the risk of carcinogenesis. Alternatively, H. pylori, as a part of microbiome dysbiosis and the so-called oncobiome, is proven to be associated with pancreatic adenocarcinoma development via the promotion of cellular proliferation. The role of H. pylori in the inflammation characteristic of autoimmune pancreatitis seems to be explained by a mechanism of molecular mimicry among several proteins (mostly enzymes) of H. pylori and pancreatic tissue. Patients with autoimmune pancreatitis often show positivity for antibodies against H. pylori proteins. H. pylori, as a part of microbiome dysbiosis, also is viewed as a potential trigger of autoimmune inflammation of the pancreas. It is precisely these relationships (and associated equivocal conclusions) that constitute a center of attention among pancreatologists, immunologists and pathologists. In order to obtain clear and valid results, more studies on sufficiently large cohorts of patients are needed. The topic is itself sufficiently significant to draw the interest of clinicians and inspire further systematic research. Next-generation sequencing could play an important role in investigating the microbiome as a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lumir Kunovsky
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno 62500, Czech Republic
- Department of Gastroenterology and Internal Medicine, University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno 62500, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Dite
- Department of Gastroenterology and Internal Medicine, University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno 62500, Czech Republic
- Department of Gastroenterology and Internal Medicine, University Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava 70800, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Ostrava 70300, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Jabandziev
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno 61300, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno 62500, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Dolina
- Department of Gastroenterology and Internal Medicine, University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno 62500, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Vaculova
- Department of Gastroenterology and Internal Medicine, University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno 62500, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Blaho
- Department of Gastroenterology and Internal Medicine, University Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava 70800, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Ostrava 70300, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Bojkova
- Department of Gastroenterology and Internal Medicine, University Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava 70800, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Ostrava 70300, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Dvorackova
- Department of Intensive Medicine, Emergency Medicine and Forensic Studies, University Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava 70800, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Ostrava 70300, Czech Republic
| | | | - Zdenek Kala
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno 62500, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Trna
- Department of Gastroenterology and Internal Medicine, University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno 62500, Czech Republic
- Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno 65653, Czech Republic
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Boskovice, Boskovice 68001, Czech Republic
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13
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Bellotti R, Speth C, Adolph TE, Lass-Flörl C, Effenberger M, Öfner D, Maglione M. Micro- and Mycobiota Dysbiosis in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Development. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13143431. [PMID: 34298645 PMCID: PMC8303110 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13143431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysbiosis of the intestinal flora has emerged as an oncogenic contributor in different malignancies. Recent findings suggest a crucial tumor-promoting role of micro- and mycobiome alterations also in the development of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). METHODS To summarize the current knowledge about this topic, a systematic literature search of articles published until October 2020 was performed in MEDLINE (PubMed). RESULTS An increasing number of publications describe associations between bacterial and fungal species and PDAC development. Despite the high inter-individual variability of the commensal flora, some studies identify specific microbial signatures in PDAC patients, including oral commensals like Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum or Gram-negative bacteria like Proteobacteria. The role of Helicobacter spp. remains unclear. Recent isolation of Malassezia globosa from PDAC tissue suggest also the mycobiota as a crucial player of tumorigenesis. Based on described molecular mechanisms and interactions between the pancreatic tissue and the immune system this review proposes a model of how the micro- and the mycobial dysbiosis could contribute to tumorigenesis in PDAC. CONCLUSIONS The presence of micro- and mycobial dysbiosis in pancreatic tumor tissue opens a fascinating perspective on PDAC oncogenesis. Further studies will pave the way for novel tumor markers and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruben Bellotti
- Department of Visceral, Transplant and Thoracic Surgery, Center of Operative Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (R.B.); (D.Ö.)
| | - Cornelia Speth
- Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (C.S.); (C.L.-F.)
| | - Timon E. Adolph
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Metabolism & Endocrinology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (T.E.A.); (M.E.)
| | - Cornelia Lass-Flörl
- Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (C.S.); (C.L.-F.)
| | - Maria Effenberger
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Metabolism & Endocrinology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (T.E.A.); (M.E.)
| | - Dietmar Öfner
- Department of Visceral, Transplant and Thoracic Surgery, Center of Operative Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (R.B.); (D.Ö.)
| | - Manuel Maglione
- Department of Visceral, Transplant and Thoracic Surgery, Center of Operative Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (R.B.); (D.Ö.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-504-51280 (ext. 809)
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14
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Shen W, Tang D, Deng Y, Li H, Wang T, Wan P, Liu R. Association of gut microbiomes with lung and esophageal cancer: a pilot study. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 37:128. [PMID: 34212246 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-021-03086-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Gut microbiota, especially human pathogens, has been shown to be involved in the occurrence and development of cancer. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and lung cancer are two malignant cancers, and their relationship with gut microbiota is still unclear. Virulence factor database (VFDB) is an integrated and comprehensive online resource for curating information about human pathogens. Here, based on VFDB database, we analyzed the differences of bacteria at genus level in the gut of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, lung cancer, and healthy controls. We proposed the possible cancer-associated bacteria in gut and put forward their possible effects. Apart from this, principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) and analysis of similarities (ANSOIM) suggested that some bacteria in the gut can be used as potential biomarkers to screen esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and lung cancer, and their effectiveness was preliminary verified. The relative abundance of Klebsiella and Streptococcus can be used to distinguish patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and lung cancer from healthy controls. The absolute abundance of Klebsiella can further distinguish patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma from patients with lung cancer. In particular, the relative abundance of Fusobacterium can directly distinguish between patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and healthy controls. Additionally, the absolute abundance of Haemophilus can distinguish lung cancer from healthy controls. Our study provided a new way based on VFDB database to explore the relationship between gut microbiota and cancer, and initially proposed a feasible cancer screening method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weitao Shen
- Key Laboratory of Environment Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Derong Tang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, 223300, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yali Deng
- Key Laboratory of Environment Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Huilin Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Tian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environment Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ping Wan
- Key Laboratory of Environment Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ran Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environment Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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15
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Porcaro AB, Amigoni N, Migliorini F, Rizzetto R, Tafuri A, Piccoli P, Tiso L, Cerrato C, Bianchi A, Gallina S, Orlando R, De Michele M, Gozzo A, Antoniolli SZ, De Marco V, Brunelli M, Cerruto MA, Artibani W, Siracusano S, Antonelli A. ABO blood group system and risk of positive surgical margins in patients treated with robot-assisted radical prostatectomy: results in 1114 consecutive patients. J Robot Surg 2021; 16:507-516. [PMID: 34189707 PMCID: PMC9135800 DOI: 10.1007/s11701-021-01267-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
To test the hypothesis of associations between the ABO blood group system (ABO-bg) and prostate cancer (PCa) features in the surgical specimen of patients treated with robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP). Between January 2013 and October 2020, 1114 patients were treated with RARP. Associations of ABO-bg with specimen pathological features were evaluated by statistical methods. Overall, 305 patients were low risk (27.4%), 590 intermediate risk (50%) and 219 high risk (19.6%). Pelvic lymph node dissection was performed in 678 subjects (60.9%) of whom 79 (11.7%) had cancer invasion. In the surgical specimen, tumor extended beyond the capsule in 9.8% and invaded seminal vesicles in 11.8% of cases. Positive surgical margins (PSM) were detected in 271 cases (24.3%). The most frequently detected blood groups were A and O, which were equally distributed for both including 467 patients (41.9%), followed by groups B (127 cases; 11.4%) and AB (53 subjects; 4.8%). Among specimen factors, the ABO-bgs associated only with the risk of PSM, which was higher for blood group O (30.4%) compared with group A (19.5%) after adjusting for other standard clinical predictors (odds ratio, OR = 1.842; 95% CI 1.352–2.509; p < 0.0001). Along the ABO-bgs, the risk of PSM was increased by group O independently by other standard preoperative factors. The ABO-bgs may represent a further physical factor for clinical assessment of PCa patients, but confirmatory studies are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Benito Porcaro
- Department of Urology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, University of Verona, Piazzale Stefani 1, 37126, Verona, Italy.
| | - Nelia Amigoni
- Department of Urology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, University of Verona, Piazzale Stefani 1, 37126, Verona, Italy
| | - Filippo Migliorini
- Department of Urology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, University of Verona, Piazzale Stefani 1, 37126, Verona, Italy
| | - Riccardo Rizzetto
- Department of Urology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, University of Verona, Piazzale Stefani 1, 37126, Verona, Italy
| | - Alessandro Tafuri
- Department of Urology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, University of Verona, Piazzale Stefani 1, 37126, Verona, Italy. .,Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, "G. D'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy.
| | - Pierluigi Piccoli
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Leone Tiso
- Department of Urology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, University of Verona, Piazzale Stefani 1, 37126, Verona, Italy
| | - Clara Cerrato
- Department of Urology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, University of Verona, Piazzale Stefani 1, 37126, Verona, Italy
| | - Alberto Bianchi
- Department of Urology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, University of Verona, Piazzale Stefani 1, 37126, Verona, Italy
| | - Sebastian Gallina
- Department of Urology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, University of Verona, Piazzale Stefani 1, 37126, Verona, Italy
| | - Rossella Orlando
- Department of Urology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, University of Verona, Piazzale Stefani 1, 37126, Verona, Italy
| | - Mario De Michele
- Department of Urology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, University of Verona, Piazzale Stefani 1, 37126, Verona, Italy
| | - Alessandra Gozzo
- Department of Urology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, University of Verona, Piazzale Stefani 1, 37126, Verona, Italy
| | - Stefano Zecchini Antoniolli
- Department of Urology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, University of Verona, Piazzale Stefani 1, 37126, Verona, Italy
| | - Vincenzo De Marco
- Department of Urology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, University of Verona, Piazzale Stefani 1, 37126, Verona, Italy
| | - Matteo Brunelli
- Department of Pathology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Maria Angela Cerruto
- Department of Urology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, University of Verona, Piazzale Stefani 1, 37126, Verona, Italy
| | - Walter Artibani
- Department of Urology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, University of Verona, Piazzale Stefani 1, 37126, Verona, Italy
| | - Salvatore Siracusano
- Department of Urology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, University of Verona, Piazzale Stefani 1, 37126, Verona, Italy
| | - Alessandro Antonelli
- Chairman, Department of Urology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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16
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Association between ABO and Duffy blood types and circulating chemokines and cytokines. Genes Immun 2021; 22:161-171. [PMID: 34103707 PMCID: PMC8185309 DOI: 10.1038/s41435-021-00137-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Blood group antigens are inherited traits that may play a role in immune and inflammatory processes. We investigated associations between blood groups and circulating inflammation-related molecules in 3537 non-Hispanic white participants selected from the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial. Whole-genome scans were used to infer blood types for 12 common antigen systems based on well-characterized single-nucleotide polymorphisms. Serum levels of 96 biomarkers were measured on multiplex fluorescent bead-based panels. We estimated marker associations with blood type using weighted linear or logistic regression models adjusted for age, sex, smoking status, and principal components of population substructure. Bonferroni correction was used to control for multiple comparisons, with two-sided p values < 0.05 considered statistically significant. Among the 1152 associations tested, 10 were statistically significant. Duffy blood type was associated with levels of CXCL6/GCP2, CXCL5/ENA78, CCL11/EOTAXIN, CXCL1/GRO, CCL2/MCP1, CCL13/MCP4, and CCL17/TARC, whereas ABO blood type was associated with levels of sVEGFR2, sVEGFR3, and sGP130. Post hoc pairwise t-tests showed that individuals with type Fy(a+b−) had the lowest mean levels of all Duffy-associated markers, while individuals with type A blood had the lowest mean levels of all ABO-associated markers. Additional work is warranted to explore potential clinical implications of these differences.
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Wu Y, Zeng H, Yu Q, Huang H, Fervers B, Chen ZS, Lu L. A Circulating Exosome RNA Signature Is a Potential Diagnostic Marker for Pancreatic Cancer, a Systematic Study. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13112565. [PMID: 34073722 PMCID: PMC8197236 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Most patients with pancreatic cancer are diagnosed at an advanced stage due to the lack of tools with high sensitivity and specificity for early detection. Aberrant gene expression occurs in pancreatic cancer, which can be packaged into nanoparticles (also known as exosomes or nano-sized extracellular vesicles) and then released into blood. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of a circulating exosome RNA signature in pancreatic cancer. Our findings indicate that the circulating exosome RNA signature is a potential marker for the early detection or diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Abstract Several exosome proteins, miRNAs and KRAS mutations have been investigated in the hope of carrying out the early detection of pancreatic cancer with high sensitivity and specificity, but they have proven to be insufficient. Exosome RNAs, however, have not been extensively evaluated in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential of circulating exosome RNAs in pancreatic cancer detection. By retrieving RNA-seq data from publicly accessed databases, differential expression and random-effects meta-analyses were performed. The results showed that pancreatic cancer had a distinct circulating exosome RNA signature in healthy individuals, and that the top 10 candidate exosome RNAs could distinguish patients from healthy individuals with an area under the curve (AUC) of 1.0. Three (HIST2H2AA3, LUZP6 and HLA-DRA) of the 10 genes in exosomes had similar differential patterns to those in tumor tissues based on RNA-seq data. In the validation dataset, the levels of these three genes in exosomes displayed good performance in distinguishing cancer from both chronic pancreatitis (AUC = 0.815) and healthy controls (AUC = 0.8558), whereas a slight difference existed between chronic pancreatitis and healthy controls (AUC = 0.586). Of the three genes, the level of HIST2H2AA3 was positively associated with KRAS status. However, there was no significant difference in the levels of the three genes across the disease stages (stages I–IV). These findings indicate that circulating exosome RNAs have a potential early detection value in pancreatic cancer, and that a distinct exosome RNA signature exists in distinguishing pancreatic cancer from healthy individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixing Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China;
| | - Hongmei Zeng
- National Central Cancer Registry, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China;
| | - Qing Yu
- Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Children’s National Medical Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA;
| | - Huatian Huang
- Department of Imaging, Guizhou Qianxinan People’s Hospital, Xingyi 652400, China;
| | - Beatrice Fervers
- Département Prévention Cancer Environnement, Centre Léon Bérard—Université Lyon 1, 69008 Lyon, France;
- UMR Inserm 1296 “Radiations: Défense, Santé, Environnement”, Centre Léon Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. John’s University, New York, NY 11439, USA;
| | - Lingeng Lu
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Center for Biomedical Data Science, Yale University, 60 College Street, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale University, 60 College Street, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Correspondence:
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18
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Monroy-Iglesias MJ, Dolly S, Sarker D, Thillai K, Van Hemelrijck M, Santaolalla A. Pancreatic Cancer Exposome Profile to Aid Early Detection and Inform Prevention Strategies. J Clin Med 2021; 10:1665. [PMID: 33924591 PMCID: PMC8069449 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10081665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PCa) is associated with a poor prognosis and high mortality rate. The causes of PCa are not fully elucidated yet, although certain exposome factors have been identified. The exposome is defined as the sum of all environmental factors influencing the occurrence of a disease during a life span. The development of an exposome approach for PCa has the potential to discover new disease-associated factors to better understand the carcinogenesis of PCa and help with early detection strategies. Our systematic review of the literature identified several exposome factors that have been associated with PCa alone and in combination with other exposures. A potential inflammatory signature has been observed among the interaction of several exposures (i.e., smoking, alcohol consumption, diabetes mellitus, obesity, and inflammatory markers) that further increases the incidence and progression of PCa. A large number of exposures have been identified such as genetic, hormonal, microorganism infections and immune responses that warrant further investigation. Future early detection strategies should utilize this information to assess individuals' risk for PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria J. Monroy-Iglesias
- Translational Oncology & Urology Research (TOUR), School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 9RT, UK; (M.J.M.-I.); (M.V.H.)
| | - Saoirse Dolly
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 9RT, UK; (S.D.); (D.S.); (K.T.)
| | - Debashis Sarker
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 9RT, UK; (S.D.); (D.S.); (K.T.)
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Kiruthikah Thillai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 9RT, UK; (S.D.); (D.S.); (K.T.)
| | - Mieke Van Hemelrijck
- Translational Oncology & Urology Research (TOUR), School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 9RT, UK; (M.J.M.-I.); (M.V.H.)
| | - Aida Santaolalla
- Translational Oncology & Urology Research (TOUR), School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 9RT, UK; (M.J.M.-I.); (M.V.H.)
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Shirazi MSR, Al-Alo KZK, Al-Yasiri MH, Lateef ZM, Ghasemian A. Microbiome Dysbiosis and Predominant Bacterial Species as Human Cancer Biomarkers. J Gastrointest Cancer 2021; 51:725-728. [PMID: 31605288 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-019-00311-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate bacterial agents as cancer biomarkers. METHODS AND RESULTS Various bacterial species have been demonstrated to involve in human cancers. However, the data is not enough for better understanding of predominant specific species. Application of a rapid and early-diagnostic, cost-effective, non-invasive, and inclusive method is a crucial approach for obtaining valid results. The role of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) in gastric and duodenal cancer has been confirmed. From investigation among previous publications, we attempted to make it clear which bacterial species significantly and specifically increase in various cancer types. It was unraveled that there is significant change in Granulicatella adiacens (G. adiacens) in lung cancer (LC), Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) in colorectal cancer (CRC), H. pylori and Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) in pancreatic cancer, and Streptococcus spp. in oral cancer. CONCLUSION Alteration in the cell cycle by means of different mechanisms such as inflammation, alteration in cell signaling, invasion and immune evasion, specific niche colonization, induction of DNA damage and mutation, expression of some microRNAs, and enhancing epigenetic effects are the most common mechanisms employed by bacterial species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - K Z K Al-Alo
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Kufa, Kufa, Iraq
| | | | | | - Abdolmajid Ghasemian
- Department of Biology, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
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20
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Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: Epidemiology and Risk Factors. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11030562. [PMID: 33804776 PMCID: PMC8003883 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11030562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The number of new cases of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is increasing with a cumulative total of 495,773 cases worldwide, making it the fourteenth most common malignancy. However, it accounts for 466,003 deaths per year and is the seventh leading cause of cancer deaths. Regional differences in the number of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma appear to reflect differences in medical care, as well as racial differences. Compared to the prevalence of other organ cancers in Japan, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma ranks seventh based on the number of patients, eighth based on morbidity, and fourth based on the number of deaths, with a continuing increase in the mortality rate. Risk factors for developing pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma include family history, genetic disorders, diabetes, chronic pancreatitis, and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms. An issue that hinders improvement in the prognosis of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is the development of a strategy to identify patients with these risk factors to facilitate detection of the disease at a stage when intervention will improve survival.
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21
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Abstract
ABSTRACT Microorganisms can help maintain homeostasis in humans by providing nutrition, maintaining hormone balance, and regulating inflammatory responses. In the case of imbalances, these microbes can cause various diseases, even malignancy. Pancreatic cancer (PC) is characterized by high tumor invasiveness, distant metastasis, and insensitivity to traditional chemotherapeutic drugs, and it is confirmed that PC is closely related to microorganisms. Recently, most studies based on clinical samples or case reports discussed the positive or negative relationships between microorganisms and PC. However, the specific mechanisms are blurry, especially the involved immunological pathways, and the roles of beneficial flora have usually been ignored. We reviewed studies published through September 2020 as identified using PubMed, MEDLINE, and Web of Science. We mainly introduced the traits of oral, gastrointestinal, and intratumoral microbes in PC and summarized the roles of these microbes in tumorigenesis and tumoral development through immunological pathways, in addition to illustrating the relationships between metabolic diseases with PC by microorganism. In addition, we identified microorganisms as biomarkers for early diagnosis and immunotherapy. This review will be significant for greater understanding the effect of microorganisms in PC and provide more meaningful guidance for future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wei
- From the Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun
| | - Chunlei Mei
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xixi Li
- From the Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun
| | - Yingjun Xie
- From the Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun
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22
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Li P, Shu Y, Gu Y. The potential role of bacteria in pancreatic cancer: a systematic review. Carcinogenesis 2020; 41:397-404. [PMID: 32034405 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgaa013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a lethal and devastating disease in the worldwide. Recognized risk factors for pancreatic cancer include cigarette smoking, obesity, type II diabetes and chronic pancreatitis. Other factors such as variant ABO blood type and Helicobacter pylori may also play an important role in pancreatic carcinogenesis. Recently, growing evidence suggests that the association between bacteria and pancreatic cancer is positive and related immune/inflammation activation and increased nitrosamine exposure may be its potential mechanism. Interestingly, it is debatable whether the relationship of bacteria and pancreatic cancer is causative, reactive or parallel and future studies are in progress. Here we review recent progress in pancreatic cancer and its related bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yongqian Shu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yanhong Gu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
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23
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Early Diagnosis of Pancreatic Cancer: The Key for Survival. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:diagnostics10110869. [PMID: 33114412 PMCID: PMC7694042 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10110869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most aggressive forms of cancer. Negative prognosis is mainly due to the late diagnosis in advanced stages, when the disease is already therapeutically overcome. Studies in recent years have focused on identifying biomarkers that could play a role in early diagnosis, leading to the improvement of morbidity and mortality. Currently, the only biomarker widely used in the diagnosis of PC is carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19.9), which has, however, more of a prognostic role in the follow-up of postoperative recurrence than a diagnostic role. Other biomarkers, recently identified as the methylation status of ADAMTS1 (A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 1) and BNC1 (zinc finger protein basonuclin-1) in cell-free deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), may play a role in the early detection of PC. This review focuses on the diagnosis of PC in its early stages.
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24
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to investigate the association of syndecan-1 (SDC1) and KRAS molecular characteristics with patient survival in pancreatic cancer. METHODS Both SDC1 mRNA and methylation and KRAS mRNA and somatic mutations, as well as clinical data were retrieved from The Cancer Genome Alta pancreatic cancer data set for survival analyses. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genomes pathway analysis for coexpressed genes for either SDC1 or KRAS was performed, respectively. RESULTS A significantly negative correlation existed between SDC1 mRNA and DNA methylation. Patients with KRAS somatic mutations had a significantly higher SDC1 mRNA but lower methylation than those without the mutations. Compared with patients with KRASSDC1 signature, those with a high level of KRAS and SDC1 alone or both had a significantly elevated mortality. The adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) were 2.30 (1.16-4.54, P = 0.017) for KRASSDC1, 2.85 (1.48-5.49, P = 0.002) for KRASSDC1, and 2.48 (1.31-4.70, P = 0.005) for KRASSDC1, respectively. Several Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genomes pathways were shared, whereas there were distinct pathways between KRAS and SDC1 coexpressed genes. CONCLUSIONS SDC1 interplays with KRAS, and targeting both KRAS and SDC1 in combination may be more beneficial to pancreatic cancer patients.
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25
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Elsalem L, Jum'ah AA, Alfaqih MA, Aloudat O. The Bacterial Microbiota of Gastrointestinal Cancers: Role in Cancer Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Perspectives. Clin Exp Gastroenterol 2020; 13:151-185. [PMID: 32440192 PMCID: PMC7211962 DOI: 10.2147/ceg.s243337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The microbiota has an essential role in the pathogenesis of many gastrointestinal diseases including cancer. This effect is mediated through different mechanisms such as damaging DNA, activation of oncogenic pathways, production of carcinogenic metabolites, stimulation of chronic inflammation, and inhibition of antitumor immunity. Recently, the concept of "pharmacomicrobiomics" has emerged as a new field concerned with exploring the interplay between drugs and microbes. Mounting evidence indicates that the microbiota and their metabolites have a major impact on the pharmacodynamics and therapeutic responses toward anticancer drugs including conventional chemotherapy and molecular-targeted therapeutics. In addition, microbiota appears as an attractive target for cancer prevention and treatment. In this review, we discuss the role of bacterial microbiota in the pathogenesis of different cancer types affecting the gastrointestinal tract system. We also scrutinize the evidence regarding the role of microbiota in anticancer drug responses. Further, we discuss the use of probiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, and antibiotics, either alone or in combination with anticancer drugs for prevention and treatment of gastrointestinal tract cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Elsalem
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Ahmad A Jum'ah
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Mahmoud A Alfaqih
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Osama Aloudat
- Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
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26
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Kumar S, Metz DC, Kaplan DE, Goldberg DS. The association of Helicobacter pylori with pancreatic cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 2:157-164. [PMID: 33692655 DOI: 10.1002/ygh2.398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background & Aims Infection with Helicobacter pylori (HP) affects 50% of the world. Previous studies have suggested an association between HP and pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PC). These association studies have been limited in their ability to identify the incidence and risk factors of PC among HP infected individuals and the impact of HP eradication on PC. Methods Retrospective cohort study within the Veterans Administration of 103,595 patients (median age 62.3; 92.0% male) with HP diagnosis based on pathology, stool antigen, urea breath test, or serum antibody between 1/1/1994-12/31/2018. Primary outcome was future PC diagnosis. A time to event with competing risk analysis was performed, evaluating patient demographics and history, method of HP diagnosis, and whether the patient received HP treatment. Secondary analysis of those treated evaluated whether confirmed eradication was associated with PC. Results The cumulative incidence of PC at 5 and 10 years was 0.37% and 0.54%, respectively. Patients who developed PC were older, male, reside in areas with higher poverty. Preceding diabetes and chronic pancreatitis were strongly associated with PC. Factors not associated with PC included receiving an eradication regimen, diagnosis of an active infection (versus prior exposure alone), and eradication of HP. Conclusions PC after HP is rare. Chronic pancreatitis is the main risk factor for PC. Active HP infection, treatment of HP infection, or eradication of HP are not associated with future PC. This study calls into question the association between PC and HP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shria Kumar
- Division of Gastroenterology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania
| | - David C Metz
- Division of Gastroenterology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania
| | - David E Kaplan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania.,Division of Gastroenterology, Veterans Health Administration
| | - David S Goldberg
- Division of Digestive Health and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine
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27
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Gad MM, Saad AM, Al-Husseini MJ, Abdel-Gawad YM, Alsalhani OM, Alhaddad R, Mohamad B, Saleh MA, Simons-Linares CR. Temporal trends of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma in young adults in the United States: A Population-Based Study. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2020; 44:204-210. [PMID: 31420297 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2019.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an uncommon yet fatal malignancy with numerous recent reports detailing a significant increase in the overall incidence lately. However, there is limited literature on recent incidence rates of the disease in young individuals. In this study we evaluate PDAC incidence in the US among young patients. METHODS Data from 2000 to 2017 was obtained from the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results 'SEER' database and analyzed using the SEER*stat software. The overall incidence, incidence trends, and survival were calculated. RESULTS We selected 667 PDAC patients who met our inclusion criteria. We found the incidence of PDAC among young individuals to be 1.016 (95% CI, 0.940-1.096) per 1,000,000 person-years. Incidence rates were stable over the study period. Higher incidence was found among males [1.240 (95% CI, 1.122-1.366)] and blacks [1.226 (95% CI, 0.999-1.490)]. The 5-year relative survival of young patients with PDAC was 6.8%. CONCLUSIONS Among young adults, pancreatic cancer incidence has been stable over the study duration. However, disparities between subpopulations exist and further studies are warranted to better understand those observed differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M Gad
- Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Ohio 9500 Euclid Ave J2-606, 44195 Cleveland, Ohio, United States; Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.
| | - Anas M Saad
- Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Ohio 9500 Euclid Ave J2-606, 44195 Cleveland, Ohio, United States; Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Lofty Elsayed Street, 11566 Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Muneer J Al-Husseini
- Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Lofty Elsayed Street, 11566 Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Obai M Alsalhani
- Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Lofty Elsayed Street, 11566 Cairo, Egypt
| | | | | | - Mohannad Abou Saleh
- Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Ohio 9500 Euclid Ave J2-606, 44195 Cleveland, Ohio, United States
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28
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to map evidence of the association of ABO blood groups with allergic diseases such as allergic rhinitis (AR), atopic dermatitis (AD) and asthma. DESIGN A scoping review. DATA SOURCES PubMed, Scopus, Direct Open Access Journal, Medline, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, ScienceDirect and SpringerLink were searched from October 2017 until May 2018. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA FOR SELECTING STUDIES We selected all types of studies including case-control studies, prospective or retrospective cohort studies, cross-sectional studies and experimental studies, and we included reviews such as literature reviews, systematic reviews with or without meta-analysis and scoping reviews that were published in English and associated the ABO blood group with the three allergic diseases (asthma, AR and AD) in humans of all age groups. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS Two reviewers independently screened the titles and abstracts and assessed the full-text articles of the abstracts that met the eligibility requirements. Data from the included studies were extracted, evaluated and reported in the form of narrative synthesis. RESULTS Of the 10 246 retrieved titles, only 14 articles were selected for a scoping review based on the eligibility criteria. The majority of the studies demonstrated a significant association between ABO blood groups and allergic diseases. We found that blood group O is prominent in patients with AR and asthma, while a non-O blood group is common in patients with AD. CONCLUSION This scoping review serves as preliminary evidence for the association of ABO blood groups with allergic diseases. Further studies need to be conducted so that the relationship between ABO blood groups and allergic diseases can be fully established. This could be helpful for clinicians and health professionals in consulting and managing patients who suffer from allergic diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Hidayah Dahalan
- Cluster of Regenerative Medicine, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Sharifah Azdiana Tuan Din
- Cluster of Regenerative Medicine, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Siti Mardhiana Binti Mohamad
- Cluster of Regenerative Medicine, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia
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29
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Zhao Z, Liu W. Pancreatic Cancer: A Review of Risk Factors, Diagnosis, and Treatment. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2020; 19:1533033820962117. [PMID: 33357065 PMCID: PMC7768873 DOI: 10.1177/1533033820962117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This review aims to summarize the latest knowledge on factors, diagnosis, and treatment of pancreatic cancer, and aims to promote further research on this under-studied malignant tumor. At present, we urgently need to identify high-risk patients with precancerous diseases through screening approaches, so that medical professionals and the general public may better understand prevention strategies or early detection measures. Pancreatic cancer is a highly invasive malignant tumor with a fatal risk, mainly seen in men and older adults (60-85 years old). Pancreatic cancer is now increasingly observed in young patients. Because the disease has no early symptoms and can quickly invade surrounding tissues and organs, it is one of the deadliest cancers. With a view to identify the important factors for the development of pancreatic cancer, previous studies have found that smoking, alcohol, and chronic pancreatitis are considered high-risk factors. Recent studies have shown that abnormal metabolism of human microorganisms, blood type, and glucose and lipid levels are also important factors in the development of pancreatic cancer. Identifying early diagnosis options is an important way to improve detection and survival rates of pancreatic cancer. None of the many tumor markers associated with pancreatic cancer are highly specific, which also indicates further research is required to improve the early detection rate. Future directions in terms of treatment evaluating the relationship between the microbiology-free system and immunotherapy will bring a major breakthrough and is expected to bring exciting clinical applications in improving the life-cycle of pancreatic cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- ZhiYu Zhao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- Wei Liu, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.
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30
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Wang Y, Yang G, You L, Yang J, Feng M, Qiu J, Zhao F, Liu Y, Cao Z, Zheng L, Zhang T, Zhao Y. Role of the microbiome in occurrence, development and treatment of pancreatic cancer. Mol Cancer 2019; 18:173. [PMID: 31785619 PMCID: PMC6885316 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-019-1103-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal malignancies. Recent studies indicated that development of pancreatic cancer may be intimately connected with the microbiome. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms through which microbiomes affect the development of pancreatic cancer, including inflammation and immunomodulation. Potential therapeutic and diagnostic applications of microbiomes are also discussed. For example, microbiomes may serve as diagnostic markers for pancreatic cancer, and may also play an important role in determining the efficacies of treatments such as chemo- and immunotherapies. Future studies will provide additional insights into the various roles of microbiomes in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yicheng Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing Street, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Gang Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing Street, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Lei You
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing Street, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Jinshou Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing Street, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Mengyu Feng
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing Street, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Jiangdong Qiu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing Street, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Fangyu Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing Street, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Yueze Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing Street, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Zhe Cao
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing Street, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Lianfang Zheng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Taiping Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing Street, Beijing, 100730 China
- Clinical Immunology Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Yupei Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing Street, Beijing, 100730 China
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31
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Antwi SO, Bamlet WR, Pedersen KS, Chaffee KG, Risch HA, Shivappa N, Steck SE, Anderson KE, Bracci PM, Polesel J, Serraino D, La Vecchia C, Bosetti C, Li D, Oberg AL, Arslan AA, Albanes D, Duell EJ, Huybrechts I, Amundadottir LT, Hoover R, Mannisto S, Chanock SJ, Zheng W, Shu XO, Stepien M, Canzian F, Bueno-de-Mesquita B, Quirós JR, Zeleniuch-Jacquotte A, Bruinsma F, Milne RL, Giles GG, Hébert JR, Stolzenberg-Solomon RZ, Petersen GM. Pancreatic cancer risk is modulated by inflammatory potential of diet and ABO genotype: a consortia-based evaluation and replication study. Carcinogenesis 2019; 39:1056-1067. [PMID: 29800239 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgy072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Diets with high inflammatory potential are suspected to increase risk for pancreatic cancer (PC). Using pooled analyses, we examined whether this association applies to populations from different geographic regions and population subgroups with varying risks for PC, including variation in ABO blood type. Data from six case-control studies (cases, n = 2414; controls, n = 4528) in the Pancreatic Cancer Case-Control Consortium (PanC4) were analyzed, followed by replication in five nested case-control studies (cases, n = 1268; controls, n = 4215) from the Pancreatic Cancer Cohort Consortium (PanScan). Two polymorphisms in the ABO locus (rs505922 and rs8176746) were used to infer participants' blood types. Dietary questionnaire-derived nutrient/food intake was used to compute energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index (E-DII®) scores to assess inflammatory potential of diet. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using multivariable-adjusted logistic regression. Higher E-DII scores, reflecting greater inflammatory potential of diet, were associated with increased PC risk in PanC4 [ORQ5 versus Q1=2.20, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.85-2.61, Ptrend < 0.0001; ORcontinuous = 1.20, 95% CI = 1.17-1.24], and PanScan (ORQ5 versus Q1 = 1.23, 95% CI = 0.92-1.66, Ptrend = 0.008; ORcontinuous = 1.09, 95% CI = 1.02-1.15). As expected, genotype-derived non-O blood type was associated with increased PC risk in both the PanC4 and PanScan studies. Stratified analyses of associations between E-DII quintiles and PC by genotype-derived ABO blood type did not show interaction by blood type (Pinteraction = 0.10 in PanC4 and Pinteraction=0.13 in PanScan). The results show that consuming a pro-inflammatory diet and carrying non-O blood type are each individually, but not interactively, associated with increased PC risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel O Antwi
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - William R Bamlet
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Kari G Chaffee
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Harvey A Risch
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Nitin Shivappa
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, USA.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Susan E Steck
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, USA.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Kristin E Anderson
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Paige M Bracci
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jerry Polesel
- Unit of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, Aviano (PN), Italy
| | - Diego Serraino
- Unit of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, Aviano (PN), Italy
| | - Carlo La Vecchia
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Bosetti
- Department of Oncology, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
| | - Donghui Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ann L Oberg
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Alan A Arslan
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Demetrius Albanes
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Eric J Duell
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute-IDIBELL, Catalan Institute of Oncology-ICO. L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Inge Huybrechts
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, France
| | - Laufey T Amundadottir
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Robert Hoover
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Satu Mannisto
- Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare Helsinki, Finland
| | - Stephen J Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Magdalena Stepien
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, France
| | - Federico Canzian
- Genomic Epidemiology Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London, UK.,Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Pantai Valley, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Anne Zeleniuch-Jacquotte
- Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Fiona Bruinsma
- Cancer Epidemiology and Intelligence Division, Cancer Council Victoria, and Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Global and Population Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Roger L Milne
- Cancer Epidemiology and Intelligence Division, Cancer Council Victoria, and Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Global and Population Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Graham G Giles
- Cancer Epidemiology and Intelligence Division, Cancer Council Victoria, and Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Global and Population Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - James R Hébert
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, USA.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Rachael Z Stolzenberg-Solomon
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gloria M Petersen
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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Panebianco C, Pazienza V. Body site-dependent variations of microbiota in pancreatic cancer pathophysiology. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2019; 56:260-273. [PMID: 31060399 DOI: 10.1080/10408363.2019.1615407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Lack of specific symptoms and reliable biomarkers, along with aggressive nature and resistance to therapies makes pancreatic cancer (PC) one of the leading causes of death from cancer worldwide. The search for new diagnostic, prognostic, predictive, and therapeutic tools that could improve clinical outcomes of patients has led, in recent years, to the investigation of potential roles for the microbiota in the pathogenesis of this disease. The human microbiota encompasses trillions of microorganisms residing within several body tissues and organs, where they provide beneficial functions for host homeostasis and health. Derangements of the microbial ecology in different anatomic districts have been described in PC, as in many other diseases, both in patients and in animal models. In detail, infection from the gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori and changes in composition and diversity of oral, intestinal, and pancreatic microbiota have been found to associate with PC. Future research should assess how to potentially exploit such differences in microbiota composition as diagnostic, prognostic, or predictive biomarkers, and as targets for therapeutic interventions, in the hope of improving the dismal prognosis of this insidious cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concetta Panebianco
- a Division of Gastroenterology , Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza , San Giovanni Rotondo , Italy
| | - Valerio Pazienza
- a Division of Gastroenterology , Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza , San Giovanni Rotondo , Italy
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The microbiota and microbiome in pancreatic cancer: more influential than expected. Mol Cancer 2019; 18:97. [PMID: 31109338 PMCID: PMC6526613 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-019-1008-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbiota is just beginning to be recognized as an important player in carcinogenesis and the interplay among microbes is greater than expected. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly lethal disease for which mortality closely parallels incidence. Early detection would provide the best opportunity to increase survival rates. Specific well-studied oral, gastrointestinal, and intrapancreatic microbes and some kinds of hepatotropic viruses and bactibilia may have potential etiological roles in pancreatic carcinogenesis, or modulating individual responses to oncotherapy. Concrete mechanisms mainly involve perpetuating inflammation, regulating the immune system-microbe-tumor axis, affecting metabolism, and altering the tumor microenvironment. The revolutionary technology of omics has generated insight into cancer microbiomes. A better understanding of the microbiota in PDAC might lead to the establishment of screening or early-stage diagnosis methods, implementation of cancer bacteriotherapy, adjustment of therapeutic efficacy even alleviating the adverse effects, creating new opportunities and fostering hope for desperate PDAC patients.
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Helicobacter pylori infection, atrophic gastritis, and risk of pancreatic cancer: A population-based cohort study in a large Japanese population: the JPHC Study. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6099. [PMID: 30988344 PMCID: PMC6465350 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42365-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), an established risk factor for gastric cancer, is suggested to also play a role in the development of pancreatic cancer; however, the association remains inconclusive. We examined this association among Japanese men and women. H. pylori and atrophic gastritis (AG) status were determined serologically, using blood sample collected during health checkups. A total of 20,116 subjects enrolled in the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study Cohort II with available data on H. pylori seropositivity (anti-H. pylori) and AG were followed until the end of 2010. Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate the hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), using the information from the baseline survey. During 320,470 person-years of follow-up, 119 cases of pancreatic cancer were identified. No statically significant increase or decrease in pancreatic cancer risk was observed for H. pylori and AG status, independently or in combination. In a multivariable-adjusted model, we observed a non-significant decrease in the risk among those who had AG but were anti-H. pylori seronegative (HR 0.57, 95% CI 0.31–1.03). In a stratified analysis, we observed a statistically significant increased risk of pancreatic cancer for AG+ (HR 3.64, 95% CI 1.37–9.66), and AG+/anti-H. pylori− or AG+/anti-H. pylori+ (HR 5.21, 95% CI 1.14–23.87) among current smokers. Non-smokers in all categories of AG and anti-H. pylori showed a non-statistical decrease in the risk. There was no statistically significant interaction between H. pylori infection, AG status, and smoking status. Our findings suggest H. pylori seropositivity and AG, individually or in combination, are not associated with the risk of pancreatic cancer in a general Japanese population. Among current smokers, pancreatic cancer risk increased with AG, regardless of H. pylori infection status.
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Rawla P, Sunkara T, Gaduputi V. Epidemiology of Pancreatic Cancer: Global Trends, Etiology and Risk Factors. World J Oncol 2019; 10:10-27. [PMID: 30834048 PMCID: PMC6396775 DOI: 10.14740/wjon1166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1294] [Impact Index Per Article: 258.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is the seventh leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. However, its toll is higher in more developed countries. Reasons for vast differences in mortality rates of pancreatic cancer are not completely clear yet, but it may be due to lack of appropriate diagnosis, treatment and cataloging of cancer cases. Because patients seldom exhibit symptoms until an advanced stage of the disease, pancreatic cancer remains one of the most lethal malignant neoplasms that caused 432,242 new deaths in 2018 (GLOBOCAN 2018 estimates). Globally, 458,918 new cases of pancreatic cancer have been reported in 2018, and 355,317 new cases are estimated to occur until 2040. Despite advancements in the detection and management of pancreatic cancer, the 5-year survival rate still stands at 9% only. To date, the causes of pancreatic carcinoma are still insufficiently known, although certain risk factors have been identified, such as tobacco smoking, diabetes mellitus, obesity, dietary factors, alcohol abuse, age, ethnicity, family history and genetic factors, Helicobacter pylori infection, non-O blood group and chronic pancreatitis. In general population, screening of large groups is not considered useful to detect the disease at its early stage, although newer techniques and the screening of tightly targeted groups (especially of those with family history), are being evaluated. Primary prevention is considered of utmost importance. Up-to-date statistics on pancreatic cancer occurrence and outcome along with a better understanding of the etiology and identifying the causative risk factors are essential for the primary prevention of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashanth Rawla
- Department of Internal Medicine, SOVAH Health, Martinsville, VA 24112, USA
| | - Tagore Sunkara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mercy Medical Center, Des Moines, IA 50314, USA
| | - Vinaya Gaduputi
- Division of Gastroenterology, SBH Health System, Bronx, NY, USA
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Luo G, Zhang Y, Guo P, Ji H, Xiao Y, Li K. Global Patterns and Trends in Pancreatic Cancer Incidence: Age, Period, and Birth Cohort Analysis. Pancreas 2019; 48:199-208. [PMID: 30589831 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000001230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aim to provide a global geographical picture of pancreatic cancer incidence and temporal trends from 1973 to 2015 for 41 countries. METHODS Joinpoint regression and age-period-cohort model was used. RESULTS In 2012, the highest age-adjusted rate was in Central and Eastern Europe for males and North America for females. Most regions showed sex disparities. During the recent 10 years, increasing trends were observed in North America, Western Europe, and Oceania. The greatest increase occurred in France. For recent birth cohorts, cohort-specific increases in risk were pronounced in Australia, Austria, Brazil, Canada, Costa Rica, Denmark, Estonia, France, Israel, Latvia, Norway, Philippines, Republic of Korea, Singapore, Spain, Sweden, the Netherlands, United States, and US white male populations and in Australia, Austria, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, China, Czech Republic, Finland, France, Italy, Japan, Lithuania, Norway, Republic of Korea, Singapore, Spain, The Netherlands, United Kingdom, United States, and US white female populations. CONCLUSIONS In contrast to the favorable effect of the decrease in smoking prevalence, other factors, including the increased prevalence of obesity and diabetes and increased physical inactivity, increased intake of red or processed meat and inadequate intake of fruits and vegetables are likely to have an unfavorable role in pancreatic cancer incidence worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yanting Zhang
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, and
| | - Pi Guo
- Department of Public Health, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Huanlin Ji
- Department of Public Health, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yuejiao Xiao
- Department of Public Health, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Ke Li
- Department of Public Health, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
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37
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Benzel J, Fendrich V. Familial Pancreatic Cancer. Oncol Res Treat 2018; 41:611-618. [PMID: 30269130 DOI: 10.1159/000493473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Familial pancreatic cancer accounts for 10% of all patients with pancreatic cancer. Because the 5-year survival rate of pancreatic cancer is only 7%, screening programs for high-risk individuals are essential and might be advantageous. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma mostly shows symptoms at an advanced state and treatment is not efficient enough to cure most patients. People with hereditary tumor syndromes or their affected relatives can also be included in such screening programs. Besides the collection of data to investigate the background of the disease, these screening programs aim to diagnose and treat precursor lesions so that more dangerous, invasive lesions are prevented. These precursor lesions can be pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia, intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm, and mucinous cystic neoplasm. This review summarizes the latest knowledge of pancreatic screening programs, shows the procedure of pancreatic cancer screening, and gives an overview of current guidelines.
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Characterization of the duodenal bacterial microbiota in patients with pancreatic head cancer vs. healthy controls. Pancreatology 2018; 18:438-445. [PMID: 29653723 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2018.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Revised: 02/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
An increasing number of reports have demonstrated that there is an association between the presence of pathogenic microorganisms and pancreatic cancer. However, the role of the duodenal microbiota in pancreatic carcinogenesis remains unknown. In this study, duodenal mucosal microbiota was analyzed in 14 patients with pancreatic head cancer and 14 healthy controls using 16S rRNA gene pyrosequencing methods. Plasma endotoxin activity and the concentrations of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-6 and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured in blood samples. The urea breath test was used to detect Helicobacter pylori infections. Endoscopic duodenal mucosal biopsies were evaluated by histological examinations. Statistical comparisons of inflammatory factors revealed significantly higher levels of CRP and IL-6 in the pancreatic cancer group as compared to healthy controls. Patients with pancreatic cancer also had a higher incidence of H. pylori infections and showed mucosal changes, including villous abnormalities and diffuse inflammatory cell infiltration in the lamina propria. The sequences analysis showed that based on linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) analysis at the genus level, Acinetobacter, Aquabacterium, Oceanobacillus, Rahnella, Massilia, Delftia, Deinococcus, and Sphingobium were more abundant in the duodenal mucosa of pancreatic cancer patients, whereas the duodenal microbiotas of healthy controls were enriched with Porphyromonas, Paenibacillus, Enhydrobacter, Escherichia, Shigella, and Pseudomonas. These results reveal a picture of duodenal microbiota in pancreatic head cancer patients that could be useful in future trials investigating the role of gut microbiota in pancreatic cancer.
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39
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Zhang M, Lykke-Andersen S, Zhu B, Xiao W, Hoskins JW, Zhang X, Rost LM, Collins I, van de Bunt M, Jia J, Parikh H, Zhang T, Song L, Jermusyk A, Chung CC, Zhu B, Zhou W, Matters GL, Kurtz RC, Yeager M, Jensen TH, Brown KM, Ongen H, Bamlet WR, Murray BA, McCarthy MI, Chanock SJ, Chatterjee N, Wolpin BM, Smith JP, Olson SH, Petersen GM, Shi J, Amundadottir LT. Characterising cis-regulatory variation in the transcriptome of histologically normal and tumour-derived pancreatic tissues. Gut 2018; 67:521-533. [PMID: 28634199 PMCID: PMC5762429 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2016-313146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Revised: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To elucidate the genetic architecture of gene expression in pancreatic tissues. DESIGN We performed expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) analysis in histologically normal pancreatic tissue samples (n=95) using RNA sequencing and the corresponding 1000 genomes imputed germline genotypes. Data from pancreatic tumour-derived tissue samples (n=115) from The Cancer Genome Atlas were included for comparison. RESULTS We identified 38 615 cis-eQTLs (in 484 genes) in histologically normal tissues and 39 713 cis-eQTL (in 237 genes) in tumour-derived tissues (false discovery rate <0.1), with the strongest effects seen near transcriptional start sites. Approximately 23% and 42% of genes with significant cis-eQTLs appeared to be specific for tumour-derived and normal-derived tissues, respectively. Significant enrichment of cis-eQTL variants was noted in non-coding regulatory regions, in particular for pancreatic tissues (1.53-fold to 3.12-fold, p≤0.0001), indicating tissue-specific functional relevance. A common pancreatic cancer risk locus on 9q34.2 (rs687289) was associated with ABO expression in histologically normal (p=5.8×10-8) and tumour-derived (p=8.3×10-5) tissues. The high linkage disequilibrium between this variant and the O blood group generating deletion variant in ABO (exon 6) suggested that nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) of the 'O' mRNA might explain this finding. However, knockdown of crucial NMD regulators did not influence decay of the ABO 'O' mRNA, indicating that a gene regulatory element influenced by pancreatic cancer risk alleles may underlie the eQTL. CONCLUSIONS We have identified cis-eQTLs representing potential functional regulatory variants in the pancreas and generated a rich data set for further studies on gene expression and its regulation in pancreatic tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingfeng Zhang
- Laboratory of Translational Genomics, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Soren Lykke-Andersen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Bin Zhu
- Biostatistics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Wenming Xiao
- Division of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, National Center for Toxicological Research, FDA, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Jason W. Hoskins
- Laboratory of Translational Genomics, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Xijun Zhang
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, Maryland, 20892, USA
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Lauren M. Rost
- Laboratory of Translational Genomics, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Irene Collins
- Laboratory of Translational Genomics, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Martijn van de Bunt
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology & Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK
| | - Jinping Jia
- Laboratory of Translational Genomics, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Hemang Parikh
- Laboratory of Translational Genomics, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
- Health Informatics Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33612, USA
| | - Tongwu Zhang
- Laboratory of Translational Genomics, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Lei Song
- Biostatistics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Ashley Jermusyk
- Laboratory of Translational Genomics, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Charles C. Chung
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, Maryland, 20892, USA
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Bin Zhu
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, Maryland, 20892, USA
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Weiyin Zhou
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, Maryland, 20892, USA
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Gail L. Matters
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Robert C. Kurtz
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Meredith Yeager
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, Maryland, 20892, USA
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Torben Heick Jensen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Kevin M. Brown
- Laboratory of Translational Genomics, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Halit Ongen
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - William R. Bamlet
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA
| | - Bradley A. Murray
- The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
| | - Mark I. McCarthy
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology & Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Old Road, Headington, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK
| | - Stephen J. Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Nilanjan Chatterjee
- Biostatistics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
| | - Brian M. Wolpin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jill P. Smith
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC 20007, USA
| | - Sara H. Olson
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Gloria M. Petersen
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA
| | - Jianxin Shi
- Biostatistics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Laufey T. Amundadottir
- Laboratory of Translational Genomics, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
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Lin K, Lin AN, Lin S, Lin T, Liu YX, Reddy M. A Silent Asymptomatic Solid Pancreas Tumor in a Nonsmoking Athletic Female: Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Case Rep Gastroenterol 2017; 11:616-624. [PMID: 29282381 PMCID: PMC5731103 DOI: 10.1159/000481302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
A silent solid endocrine tumor of pancreas, intraductal adenocarcinoma of pancreas, is the fourth leading cancer-related death in the US. However, it is expected to become the third leading cause by 2030 owing to delayed diagnosis and slow progress in management. Chronic pancreatitis is at risk for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). PDAC is diagnostic with transabdominal sonogram, blood test such as carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9), and imaging. PDAC has a dismal prognosis. The survival rate in 5 years is barely 6%, while late detection rate is 80–85% with unresectable stage upon diagnosis. Here, we present a 51-year-old asymptomatic female with intermittent constipation and abdominal pain for 1 month with obstructive jaundice with PDAC with liver metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyawzaw Lin
- Internal Medicine Department, The Brooklyn Hospital Center, Affiliate of the Mount Sinai Hospital, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | - Aung Naing Lin
- Internal Medicine Department, The Brooklyn Hospital Center, Affiliate of the Mount Sinai Hospital, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | - Sithu Lin
- Internal Medicine Department, The Brooklyn Hospital Center, Affiliate of the Mount Sinai Hospital, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | - Thinzar Lin
- Internal Medicine Department, The Brooklyn Hospital Center, Affiliate of the Mount Sinai Hospital, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | - Ying Xian Liu
- Pathological Department, The Brooklyn Hospital Center, Affiliate of the Mount Sinai Hospital, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | - Madhavi Reddy
- GI Department, The Brooklyn Hospital Center, Affiliate of the Mount Sinai Hospital, Brooklyn, New York, USA
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41
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Liu H, Chen YT, Wang R, Chen XZ. Helicobacter pylori infection, atrophic gastritis, and pancreatic cancer risk: A meta-analysis of prospective epidemiologic studies. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e7811. [PMID: 28816977 PMCID: PMC5571714 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000007811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the associations of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection and atrophic gastritis (AG) with pancreatic cancer risk. METHODS A literature search in PubMed was performed up to July 2017. Only prospective cohort and nested case-control studies enrolling cancer-free participants were eligible. Incident pancreatic cancer cases were ascertained during the follow-up. The risks of pancreatic cancer were compared between persons infected and noninfected with Hp, or between those with and without AG status at baseline. Odds ratios (ORs) or hazard ratios were combined. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed, and publication bias was estimated. RESULTS Three cohort studies and 6 nested case-control studies, including 65,155 observations, were analyzed. The meta-analyses did not confirm the association between pancreatic cancer risk and Hp infection (OR = 1.09, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.81-1.47) or AG status (OR = 1.18, 95% CI = 0.80-1.72). However, particular subpopulations potentially had increased risks of pancreatic cancer. Cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA)-negative strains of Hp might be a causative factor of pancreatic cancer (OR = 1.30, 95% CI = 1.05-1.62), but a sensitivity analysis by leave-one-out method did not fully warrant it (OR = 1.20, 95% CI = 0.93-1.56). In 1 nested case-control study, AG at stomach corpus in Hp-negative subpopulation might have increased risk of pancreatic cancer, but with a poor test power = 0.56. Publication biases were nonsignificant in the present meta-analysis. CONCLUSION Based on current prospective epidemiologic studies, the linkage of pancreatic cancer to Hp infection or AG status was not warranted on the whole. Nevertheless, prospective studies only focusing on those specific subpopulations are further required to obtain better power.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Liu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine
| | | | - Rui Wang
- Nursing Section, Department of Gastroenterology
| | - Xin-Zu Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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El Jellas K, Hoem D, Hagen KG, Kalvenes MB, Aziz S, Steine SJ, Immervoll H, Johansson S, Molven A. Associations between ABO blood groups and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: influence on resection status and survival. Cancer Med 2017; 6:1531-1540. [PMID: 28556564 PMCID: PMC5504338 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2017] [Revised: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Both serology-based and genetic studies have reported an association between pancreatic cancer risk and ABO blood groups. We have investigated this relationship in a cohort of pancreatic cancer patients from Western Norway (n = 237) and two control materials (healthy blood donors, n = 379; unselected hospitalized patients, n = 6149). When comparing patient and blood donor ABO allele frequencies, we found only the A1 allele to be associated with significantly higher risk for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) (23.8% vs. 17.9%; OR = 1.43, P = 0.018). Analyzing phenotypes, blood group A was more frequent among PDAC cases than blood donors (50.8% vs. 40.6%; OR = 1.51, P = 0.021), an enrichment fully explained by the A1 subgroup. Blood group O frequency was lower in cases than in blood donors (33.8% vs. 42.7%; OR = 0.69, P = 0.039). This lower frequency was confirmed when cases were compared to hospitalized patients (33.8% vs. 42.9%; OR = 0.68, P = 0.012). Results for blood group B varied according to which control cohort was used for comparison. When patients were classified according to surgical treatment, the enrichment of blood group A was most prominent among unresected cases (54.0%), who also had the lowest prevalence of O (28.7%). There was a statistically significant better survival (P = 0.04) for blood group O cases than non-O cases among unresected but not among resected patients. Secretor status did not show an association with PDAC or survival. Our study demonstrates that pancreatic cancer risk is influenced by ABO status, in particular blood groups O and A1 , and that this association may reflect also in tumor resectability and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadija El Jellas
- Gade Laboratory for PathologyDepartment of Clinical MedicineUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
- Department of PathologyHaukeland University HospitalBergenNorway
- Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular MedicineHaukeland University HospitalBergenNorway
| | - Dag Hoem
- Department of Gastrointestinal SurgeryHaukeland University HospitalBergenNorway
| | - Kristin G Hagen
- Department of Immunology and Transfusion MedicineHaukeland University HospitalBergenNorway
| | - May Britt Kalvenes
- Gade Laboratory for PathologyDepartment of Clinical MedicineUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
| | - Sura Aziz
- Gade Laboratory for PathologyDepartment of Clinical MedicineUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
- Department of PathologyHaukeland University HospitalBergenNorway
| | - Solrun J Steine
- Gade Laboratory for PathologyDepartment of Clinical MedicineUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
| | - Heike Immervoll
- Gade Laboratory for PathologyDepartment of Clinical MedicineUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
| | - Stefan Johansson
- Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular MedicineHaukeland University HospitalBergenNorway
- KG Jebsen Center for Diabetes ResearchDepartment of Clinical ScienceUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
| | - Anders Molven
- Gade Laboratory for PathologyDepartment of Clinical MedicineUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
- Department of PathologyHaukeland University HospitalBergenNorway
- KG Jebsen Center for Diabetes ResearchDepartment of Clinical ScienceUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
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Huang J, Zagai U, Hallmans G, Nyrén O, Engstrand L, Stolzenberg-Solomon R, Duell EJ, Overvad K, Katzke VA, Kaaks R, Jenab M, Park JY, Murillo R, Trichopoulou A, Lagiou P, Bamia C, Bradbury KE, Riboli E, Aune D, Tsilidis K, Capellá G, Agudo A, Krogh V, Palli D, Panico S, Vainio EW, Tjønneland A, Olsen A, Martínez B, Redondo-Sanchez D, Chirlaque MD, Peeters PH, Regnér S, Lindkvist B, Naccarati A, Miren DI, Larrañaga N, Boutron-Ruault MC, Rebours V, Barré A, Redondo-Sanchez D, Bueno-de-Mesquita H, Ye W. Helicobacter pylori infection, chronic corpus atrophic gastritis and pancreatic cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort: A nested case-control study. Int J Cancer 2017; 140:1727-1735. [PMID: 28032715 PMCID: PMC5930360 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The association between H. pylori infection and pancreatic cancer risk remains controversial. We conducted a nested case-control study with 448 pancreatic cancer cases and their individually matched control subjects, based on the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort, to determine whether there was an altered pancreatic cancer risk associated with H. pylori infection and chronic corpus atrophic gastritis. Conditional logistic regression models were applied to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusted for matching factors and other potential confounders. Our results showed that pancreatic cancer risk was neither associated with H. pylori seropositivity (OR = 0.96; 95% CI: 0.70, 1.31) nor CagA seropositivity (OR = 1.07; 95% CI: 0.77, 1.48). We also did not find any excess risk among individuals seropositive for H. pylori but seronegative for CagA, compared with the group seronegative for both antibodies (OR = 0.94; 95% CI: 0.63, 1.38). However, we found that chronic corpus atrophic gastritis was non-significantly associated with an increased pancreatic cancer risk (OR = 1.35; 95% CI: 0.77, 2.37), and although based on small numbers, the excess risk was particularly marked among individuals seronegative for both H. pylori and CagA (OR = 5.66; 95% CI: 1.59, 20.19, p value for interaction < 0.01). Our findings provided evidence supporting the null association between H. pylori infection and pancreatic cancer risk in western European populations. However, the suggested association between chronic corpus atrophic gastritis and pancreatic cancer risk warrants independent verification in future studies, and, if confirmed, further studies on the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Huang
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Ulrika Zagai
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Göran Hallmans
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Olof Nyrén
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Lars Engstrand
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rachael Stolzenberg-Solomon
- Nutritional Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Eric J Duell
- Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO-IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kim Overvad
- Department of Public Health, Section for Epidemiology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Verena A Katzke
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rudolf Kaaks
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mazda Jenab
- Prevention and Implementation Group, Section of Early Detection and Prevention, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Jin Young Park
- Prevention and Implementation Group, Section of Early Detection and Prevention, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Raul Murillo
- Prevention and Implementation Group, Section of Early Detection and Prevention, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Antonia Trichopoulou
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
- Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Greece
| | - Pagona Lagiou
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
- Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Greece
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - Christina Bamia
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
- Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Greece
| | - Kathryn E Bradbury
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Elio Riboli
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dagfinn Aune
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kostas Tsilidis
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Gabriel Capellá
- Translational Research Laboratory, IDIBELL-Catalan Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Agudo
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer. Cancer Epidemiology Research Program. Catalan Institute of Oncology-IDIBELL. L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vittorio Krogh
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian, Milano, Italy
| | - Domenico Palli
- Cancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute – ISPO, Florence, Italy
| | - Salvatore Panico
- Dipartimento di medicina clinica e chirurgia Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Elisabete Weiderpass Vainio
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
- Department of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Research. Cancer Registry of Norway, Institute of Population-Based Cancer Research, Oslo, Norway
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Anja Olsen
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Begoña Martínez
- Andalusian School of Public Health, Instituto De Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs, GRANADA, Spain
| | - Daniel Redondo-Sanchez
- Andalusian School of Public Health, Instituto De Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs, GRANADA, Spain
| | - Maria-Dolores Chirlaque
- Department of Epidemiology, Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain
- Department of Health and Social Sciences, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Petra H. Peeters
- Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sara Regnér
- Department of Surgery, Institution of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Björn Lindkvist
- Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Alessio Naccarati
- Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Human Genetics Foundation, Turin, Italy
| | - Dorronsoro-Iraeta Miren
- Department of Health of the Basque Government, Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Nerea Larrañaga
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain
- Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, Regional Government of the Basque Country, Spain
| | - MC Boutron-Ruault
- INSERM, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), U1018, Nutrition, Hormones and Women's Health Team, F-94805, Villejuif, France
- Université Paris Sud, UMRS 1018, F-94805, Villejuif, France
- Institut Gustave Roussy, F-94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Vinciane Rebours
- Department of Gastroenterology and Pancreatology, Beaujon Hospital, University Paris 7, Clichy, France
| | - Amélie Barré
- Université Paris Sud and Gastroenterology Unit, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Sud, CHU de Bicêtre, AP-HP, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Daniel Redondo-Sanchez
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública. Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs, GRANADA. Hospitales Universitarios de Granada/Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - H.B(as) Bueno-de-Mesquita
- Department for Determinants of Chronic Diseases (DCD), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Social & Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Weimin Ye
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
- The Medical Biobank at Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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Ertz-Archambault N, Keim P, Von Hoff D. Microbiome and pancreatic cancer: A comprehensive topic review of literature. World J Gastroenterol 2017; 23:1899-1908. [PMID: 28348497 PMCID: PMC5352932 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i10.1899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Revised: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To review microbiome alterations associated with pancreatic cancer, its potential utility in diagnostics, risk assessment, and influence on disease outcomes.
METHODS A comprehensive literature review was conducted by all-inclusive topic review from PubMed, MEDLINE, and Web of Science. The last search was performed in October 2016.
RESULTS Diverse microbiome alterations exist among several body sites including oral, gut, and pancreatic tissue, in patients with pancreatic cancer compared to healthy populations.
CONCLUSION Pilot study successes in non-invasive screening strategies warrant further investigation for future translational application in early diagnostics and to learn modifiable risk factors relevant to disease prevention. Pre-clinical investigations exist in other tumor types that suggest microbiome manipulation provides opportunity to favorably transform cancer response to existing treatment protocols and improve survival.
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45
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Systematic review of pancreatic cancer epidemiology in Asia-Pacific Region: major patterns in GLOBACON 2012. GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY FROM BED TO BENCH 2017; 10:245-257. [PMID: 29379588 PMCID: PMC5758731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the deadliest cancers with short-term survival rates. Trends for pancreatic cancer incidence and mortality varied considerably in the world. To date, the causes of pancreatic cancer are not known sufficiently, although certain risk factors have been identified such as, smoking, obesity, life style, diabetes mellitus, alcohol, dietary factors and chronic pancreatitis. Since there are no current screening recommendations for pancreatic cancer, primary prevention is very important. Therefore, up-to-date statistics on pancreatic cancer occurrence and outcome are essential for the primary prevention of this disease. Due to the lack of information on epidemiology of pancreatic cancer in most Asian countries, and limited of statistics and registration system in this area, we conducted a systematic review study to evaluate the most recent data concerning epidemiology of pancreatic cancer in Asia-Pacific region. In this review we focused on collected recent data on incidence, mortality, survival and risk factors of pancreatic cancer in this region. In addition, we reviewed and used the data of GLOBOCAN 2012 in this paper to complete the information as a source of compiling pancreatic cancer incidence and mortality rate.
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46
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Oh S, Kim N, Kwon JW, Shin CM, Choi YJ, Lee DH, Jung HC. Effect of Helicobacter pylori Eradication and ABO Genotype on Gastric Cancer Development. Helicobacter 2016; 21:596-605. [PMID: 27191536 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence is lacking regarding how Helicobacter pylori infection status, eradication history, and ABO blood type affect the development of gastric cancer (GC) given the multifactorial and distinctive etiology according to cancer location (noncardia vs cardia) and histologic type (intestinal vs diffuse-type). We evaluated the effect of H. pylori infection status incorporated with H. pylori eradication history and ABO genotype on GC development according to cancer location and histologic type. METHODS A case-control study of 997 patients with noncardia GC (NCGC) and 1147 control subjects was performed using risk analyses with 14 factors including H. pylori infection with eradication history and ABO genotype. As final analyses, multivariable logistic regression models were fitted. Additionally, H. pylori infection status with eradication history was tested for its association with age, atrophic gastritis (AG), and intestinal metaplasia (IM). RESULTS The ABO genotype with the B allele was associated with a significantly lower risk of NCGC of both histologic types. The reduction in risk for NCGC by adding the B allele was more prominent in diffuse-type than that in the intestinal-type. H. pylori infection with eradication history was associated with a significantly lower risk of NCGC of both histologic types, compared with those without eradication history (odds ratio (OR), 0.22; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.14-0.34) approaching that of uninfected subjects. Past infection status without an eradication history was associated with older age, AG, and IM. CONCLUSIONS H. pylori eradication and the B allele decreased the risks of the intestinal and diffuse-types of NCGC. H. pylori eradication revealed a strong association against developing NCGC. Therefore, it should be considered as a primary measure in NCGC prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sooyeon Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Nayoung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jin-Won Kwon
- College of Pharmacy and Research, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Cheol Min Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Yoon Jin Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Dong Ho Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Hyun Chae Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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47
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Association between family cancer history and risk of pancreatic cancer. Cancer Epidemiol 2016; 45:145-150. [PMID: 27810486 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2016.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Revised: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Family history of pancreatic adenocarcinoma is an established risk factor for the disease. However, associations of pancreatic cancer with other familial cancers are less clear. We analyzed data from the Queensland Pancreatic Cancer Study (QPCS), an Australian population-based case-control study, to investigate associations between family history of various cancer types and risk of pancreatic cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Our study included 591 pancreatic cancer patients and 646 controls, all of whom self-reported the histories of cancer in their first-degree relatives. We used logistic regression to estimate adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Based on our results, we conducted a systematic literature review using the Medline (OVID) database to identify articles pertaining to the association between family history of melanoma and risk of pancreatic cancer. A meta-analysis including associations in five published studies, unpublished results from a study co-author and the QPCS results was then performed using the DerSimonian and Laird random-effects model. RESULTS Cases were more likely than controls to report a family history of pancreatic cancer (OR 2.20, 95% CI 1.16-4.19) and melanoma (OR 1.74, 95% CI 1.03-2.95), but not of breast, ovarian, respiratory, other gastrointestinal or prostate cancer. Meta-analysis of melanoma family history and pancreatic cancer risk yielded an OR of 1.22 (95% CI 1.00-1.51). CONCLUSIONS Our results yield further evidence of increased risk of pancreatic cancer in those with family histories of the disease. We also provide suggestive evidence of an association between family history of melanoma and risk of pancreatic cancer.
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48
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Jin T, Li PJ, Chen XZ, Hu WH. ABO blood group is a predictor of survival in patients with laryngeal cancer. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CANCER 2016; 35:90. [PMID: 27733208 PMCID: PMC5062923 DOI: 10.1186/s40880-016-0152-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Background Whether the ABO blood group is associated with the survival of patients with laryngeal cancer remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between the ABO blood group and clinicopathologic characteristics of patients with laryngeal cancer and assess whether the ABO blood group was associated with prognosis. Methods We analyzed the records of 1260 patients with laryngeal cancer who underwent curative treatment at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center between January 1993 and December 2009. The Chi-square test was used to assess the relationship between the ABO blood group and clinicopathologic characteristics. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to estimate 3-, 5-, and 10-year overall survival (OS) rates. The Cox proportional hazards model was used in univariate and multivariate analyses of OS. Results No significant association was found between the ABO blood group and clinicopathologic characteristics except for primary tumor site. The median OS for patients with blood groups A, B, AB, and O were 87.0, 80.0, 90.0, and 72.5 months, respectively. The 3-, 5-, and 10-year OS rates were 82.4%, 76.0%, and 67.5% for patients with blood group A; 77.4%, 69.8%, and 58.4% for patients with blood group B; 82.2%, 73.1%, and 65.6% for patients with blood group AB; and 71.7%, 66.4%, and 55.5% for patients with blood group O, respectively. Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that the ABO blood group had significant effects on prognosis in patients with laryngeal cancer. Conclusions The ABO blood group is associated with survival in patients with laryngeal cancer. Patients with blood group O had significantly shorter OS than patients with other ABO blood groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Jin
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology in Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310022, Zhejiang, P. R. China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, 38 Guang Ji Road, Hangzhou, 310022, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Pei-Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Department of Radiation Oncology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, No. 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Zhong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology in Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310022, Zhejiang, P. R. China. .,Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, 38 Guang Ji Road, Hangzhou, 310022, Zhejiang, P. R. China.
| | - Wei-Han Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Department of Radiation Oncology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, No. 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.
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49
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Barone E, Corrado A, Gemignani F, Landi S. Environmental risk factors for pancreatic cancer: an update. Arch Toxicol 2016; 90:2617-2642. [PMID: 27538405 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-016-1821-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most aggressive diseases. Only 10 % of all PC cases are thought to be due to genetic factors. Here, we analyzed the most recently published case-control association studies, meta-analyses, and cohort studies with the aim to summarize the main environmental factors that could have a role in PC. Among the most dangerous agents involved in the initiation phase, there are the inhalation of cigarette smoke, and the exposure to mutagenic nitrosamines, organ-chlorinated compounds, heavy metals, and ionizing radiations. Moreover, pancreatitis, high doses of alcohol drinking, the body microbial infections, obesity, diabetes, gallstones and/or cholecystectomy, and the accumulation of asbestos fibers seem to play a crucial role in the progression of the disease. However, some of these agents act both as initiators and promoters in pancreatic acinar cells. Protective agents include dietary flavonoids, marine omega-3, vitamin D, fruit, vegetables, and the habit of regular physical activity. The identification of the factors involved in PC initiation and progression could be of help in establishing novel therapeutic approaches by targeting the molecular signaling pathways responsive to these stimuli. Moreover, the identification of these factors could facilitate the development of strategies for an early diagnosis or measures of risk reduction for high-risk people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Barone
- Genetic Unit, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Via Derna, 1, 56121, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alda Corrado
- Genetic Unit, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Via Derna, 1, 56121, Pisa, Italy
| | - Federica Gemignani
- Genetic Unit, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Via Derna, 1, 56121, Pisa, Italy
| | - Stefano Landi
- Genetic Unit, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Via Derna, 1, 56121, Pisa, Italy.
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50
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Modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors for pancreatic cancer: A review. Cancer Lett 2016; 381:269-77. [PMID: 27461582 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Revised: 07/10/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is associated with a poor prognosis and a high case-fatality rate. The reasons for poor prognosis are low rates of curative resection due to local infiltration and distant metastasis. To increase survival rates of patients with pancreatic cancer, early detection through surveillance and screening is important. However, screening could only be cost-effective in high-risk populations. Identification of significant risk factors therefore assumes significance. Risk factors could be non-modifiable or modifiable. Non-modifiable risk factors include increasing age, familial cancer syndromes, Afro-American race, hereditary and other forms of chronic pancreatitis, diabetes, and non-O blood group. Important modifiable risk factors include smoking, obesity, dietary factors such as non-vegetarian diet, and toxins. Preventive strategies at the population level and an effective screening program targeted at high-risk people may help in prevention and early detection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
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