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Loroña NC, Othus M, Malone KE, Linden HM, Tang MTC, Li CI. Alcohol, Smoking, and Risks of Breast Cancer Recurrence and Mortality among Women with Luminal, Triple-Negative, and HER2-Overexpressing Breast Cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2024; 33:288-297. [PMID: 38019269 PMCID: PMC10872526 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-23-1081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study evaluates the relationship between smoking, alcohol, and breast cancer outcomes according to molecular subtype. METHODS This population-based prospective cohort consisted of 3,876 women ages 20 to 69 diagnosed with a first primary invasive breast cancer from 2004 to 2015 in the Seattle-Puget Sound region. Breast cancer was categorized into three subtypes based on estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and HER2 expressions: luminal (ER+), triple-negative (TN; ER-/PR-/HER2-), and HER2-overexpressing (H2E; ER-/HER2+). We fit Cox proportional hazards models to assess the association between alcohol consumption and smoking status at diagnosis and risks of recurrence, breast cancer-specific mortality, and all-cause mortality. RESULTS Histories of ever smoking [HR, 1.33; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.01-1.74] and current smoking (HR, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.07-2.35) were associated with greater risk of breast cancer recurrence among TN cases. Smoking was also associated with greater risk of recurrence to bone among all cases and among luminal cases. Elevated risks of breast cancer-specific and all-cause mortality were observed among current smokers across all subtypes. Alcohol use was not positively associated with risk of recurrence or mortality overall; however, TN patients who drank four or more drinks per week had a decreased risk of recurrence (HR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.51-0.98) and breast cancer-specific mortality (HR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.55-0.97) compared with non-current drinkers. CONCLUSIONS Patients with breast cancer with a history of smoking at diagnosis have elevated risks of recurrence and mortality. IMPACT These findings underscore the need to prioritize smoking cessation among women diagnosed with breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole C. Loroña
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Megan Othus
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Kathleen E. Malone
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | | | - Mei-Tzu C. Tang
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Christopher I. Li
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
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Chen C, Tang WH, Wu CC, Lee TL, Tsai IT, Hsuan CF, Wang CP, Chung FM, Lee YJ, Yu TH, Wei CT. Pretreatment Circulating Albumin, Platelet, and RDW-SD Associated with Worse Disease-Free Survival in Patients with Breast Cancer. BREAST CANCER (DOVE MEDICAL PRESS) 2024; 16:23-39. [PMID: 38250195 PMCID: PMC10799625 DOI: 10.2147/bctt.s443292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Objective Breast cancer is the second most common malignancy globally and a leading cause of cancer death in women. Analysis of factors related to disease-free survival (DFS) has improved understanding of the disease and characteristics related to recurrence. The aim of this study was to investigate the predictors of DFS in patients with breast cancer to enable the identification of patients at high risk who may benefit from prevention interventions. Methods We retrospectively analyzed 559 women with breast cancer who underwent treatment between 2004 and 2022. The study endpoint was DFS. Recurrence was defined as local recurrence, regional recurrence, distant metastases, contralateral breast cancer, other second primary cancer, and death. Baseline tumor-related characteristics, treatment-related characteristics, sociodemographic and biochemical data were analyzed using Cox proportional hazards analysis. Results The median DFS was 45 months (range, 2 to 225 months). Breast cancer recurred in 86 patients (15.4%), of whom 10 had local recurrence, 10 had regional recurrence, 17 had contralateral breast cancer, 29 had distant metastases, 10 had second primary cancer, and 10 patients died. Multivariate forward stepwise Cox regression analysis showed that AJCC stage III, Ki67 ≥14%, albumin, platelet, and red cell distribution width-standard deviation (RDW-SD) were predictors of worse DFS. In addition, the effects of albumin, platelet, and RDW-SD on disease recurrence were confirmed by structural equation model (SEM) analysis. Conclusion In addition to the traditional predictors of worse DFS such as AJCC stage III and Ki67 ≥14%, lower pretreatment circulating albumin, higher pretreatment circulating platelet count and RDW-SD could significantly predict worse DFS in this study, and SEM delineated possible causal pathways and inter-relationships of albumin, platelet, and RDW-SD contributing to the disease recurrence among Chinese women with breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia‐Chi Chen
- Department of Pathology, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan
- Department of Physical Therapy, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan
- The School of Chinese Medicine for Post Baccalaureate, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hua Tang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Yuli Branch, Hualien, 98142, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112304, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ching Wu
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Cancer Hospital, I-Shou, University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan
| | - Thung-Lip Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan
- School of Medicine for International Students, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan
| | - I-Ting Tsai
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan
- Department of Emergency, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Feng Hsuan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Dachang Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Ping Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan
- School of Medicine for International Students, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Mei Chung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan
| | - Yau-Jiunn Lee
- Lee’s Endocrinologic Clinic, Pingtung, 90000, Taiwan
| | - Teng-Hung Yu
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Ting Wei
- The School of Chinese Medicine for Post Baccalaureate, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan
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ZENG W, SONG Y, WANG R, HE R, WANG T. Neutrophil elastase: From mechanisms to therapeutic potential. J Pharm Anal 2023; 13:355-366. [PMID: 37181292 PMCID: PMC10173178 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2022.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil elastase (NE), a major protease in the primary granules of neutrophils, is involved in microbicidal activity. NE is an important factor promoting inflammation, has bactericidal effects, and shortens the inflammatory process. NE also regulates tumor growth by promoting metastasis and tumor microenvironment remodeling. However, NE plays a role in killing tumors under certain conditions and promotes other diseases such as pulmonary ventilation dysfunction. Additionally, it plays a complex role in various physiological processes and mediates several diseases. Sivelestat, a specific NE inhibitor, has strong potential for clinical application, particularly in the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This review discusses the pathophysiological processes associated with NE and the potential clinical applications of sivelestat.
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Hughes RT, Ip EH, Urbanic JJ, Hu JJ, Weaver KE, Lively MO, Winkfield KM, Shaw EG, Diaz LB, Brown DR, Strasser J, Sears JD, Lesser GJ. Smoking and Radiation-induced Skin Injury: Analysis of a Multiracial, Multiethnic Prospective Clinical Trial. Clin Breast Cancer 2022; 22:762-770. [PMID: 36216768 PMCID: PMC10003823 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2022.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Smoking during breast radiotherapy (RT) may be associated with radiation-induced skin injury (RISI). We aimed to determine if a urinary biomarker of tobacco smoke exposure is associated with increased rates of RISI during and after breast RT. PATIENTS AND METHODS Women with Stage 0-IIIA breast cancer treated with breast-conserving surgery or mastectomy followed by RT to the breast or chest wall with or without regional nodal irradiation were prospectively enrolled on a multicenter study assessing acute/late RISI. 980 patients with urinary cotinine (UCot) measurements (baseline and end-RT) were categorized into three groups. Acute and late RISI was assessed using the ONS Acute Skin Reaction scale and the LENT-SOMA Criteria. RESULTS Late Grade 2+ and Grade 3+ RISI occurred in 18.2% and 1.9% of patients, respectively-primarily fibrosis, pain, edema, and hyperpigmentation. Grade 2+ late RISI was associated with UCot group (P= 006). Multivariable analysis identified UCot-based light smoker/secondhand smoke exposure (HR 1.79, P= .10) and smoking (HR 1.60, p = .06) as non-significantly associated with an increased risk of late RISI. Hypofractionated breast RT was associated with decreased risk of late RISI (HR 0.51, P=.03). UCot was not associated with acute RISI, multivariable analysis identified race, obesity, RT site/fractionation, and bra size to be associated with acute RISI. CONCLUSIONS Tobacco exposure during breast RT may be associated with an increased risk of late RISI without an effect on acute toxicity. Smoking cessation should be encouraged prior to radiotherapy to minimize these and other ill effects of smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan T Hughes
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, United States.
| | - Edward H Ip
- Department of Biostatistics & Data Science, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, United States; Department of Social Sciences & Health Policy, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, United States.
| | - James J Urbanic
- Department of Radiation Medicine and Applied Sciences, UC San Diego School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States.
| | - Jennifer J Hu
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami School of Medicine, 1600 NW 10th Ave #1140, Miami, FL 33136.
| | - Kathryn E Weaver
- Department of Social Sciences & Health Policy, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, United States.
| | | | - Karen M Winkfield
- Meharry-Vanderbilt Alliance, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1005 Dr DB Todd Jr Blvd, Nashville, TN 37208, United States.
| | | | - Luis Baez Diaz
- Puerto Rico Minority Underserved NCI Community Oncology Research Program, 89 De Diego Avenue, PMB #711, Suite 105, San Juan, Puerto Rico 00927.
| | - Doris R Brown
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, United States.
| | - Jon Strasser
- Helen F Graham Cancer Center, 4701 Ogletown Stanton Rd, Newark, DE 19713, United States.
| | - Judith D Sears
- Piedmont Radiation Oncology, 1010 Bethesda Court, Winston-Salem, NC 27103, United States.
| | - Glenn J Lesser
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Hematology and Oncology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine.
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Lai YC, Chen YH, Wu YC, Liang FW, Wang JJ, Lim SW, Ho CH. The Association between Smoking and Mortality in Women with Breast Cancer: A Real-World Database Analysis. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14194565. [PMID: 36230488 PMCID: PMC9558950 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Smoking increases the cancer-specific and overall mortality risk in women with breast cancer (BC). However, the effect of smoking cessation remains controversial, and detailed research is lacking in Asia. We aimed to investigate the association between smoking status and mortality in women with BC using the population-based cancer registry. The Taiwan Cancer Registry was used to identify women with BC from 2011 to 2017. A total of 54,614 women with BC were enrolled, including 1687 smokers and 52,927 non-smokers. The outcome, mortality, was identified using Taiwan’s cause-of-death database. The association between smoking status and mortality was estimated using Cox proportional regression. Women with BC who smoked had a 1.25-fold higher (95% C.I.: 1.08–1.45; p = 0.0022) risk of overall mortality and a 1.22-fold higher (95% C.I.: 1.04–1.44; p = 0.0168) risk of cancer-specific mortality compared with non-smokers. The stratified analysis also indicated that women with BC who smoked showed a significantly higher overall mortality risk (HR: 1.20; 95% CI: 1.01–1.43; p = 0.0408) than women with BC who did not smoke among women without comorbidities. Additionally, current smokers had a 1.57-fold higher risk (95% CI: 1.02–2.42; p = 0.0407) of overall mortality compared with ever smokers among women with BC who smoked. It was shown that a current smoking status is significantly associated with an increase in overall and cancer-specific mortality risk in women with BC. Quitting smoking could reduce one’s mortality risk. Our results underscore the importance of smoking cessation for women with BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chen Lai
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tainan Municipal AN-NAN Hospital-China Medical University, Tainan City 70965, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Han Chen
- Department of Family Medicine, Tainan Municipal AN-NAN Hospital-China Medical University, Tainan City 70965, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Cih Wu
- Department of Medical Research, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan 71004, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Wen Liang
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
| | - Jhi-Joung Wang
- Department of Medical Research, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan 71004, Taiwan
| | - Sher-Wei Lim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Chiali, Tainan 722, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Min-Hwei College of Health Care Management, Tainan 73658, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (S.-W.L.); (C.-H.H.)
| | - Chung-Han Ho
- Department of Medical Research, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan 71004, Taiwan
- Department of Information Management, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan 71005, Taiwan
- Cancer Center, Taipei Municipal Wanfang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11696, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (S.-W.L.); (C.-H.H.)
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Immune Infiltration Represents Potential Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers for Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:9009269. [PMID: 35795310 PMCID: PMC9251101 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9009269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Immune infiltrates in the tumor microenvironment have established roles in tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis. However, the diagnostic and prognostic potential of immune cell signature in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains unclear. Results The proportions of 22 subsets of immune cells from 331 samples including 205 ESCC and 126 normal esophageal mucosa retrieved from TCGA, GEO, and GTEx databases were deciphered by CIBERSORT. Nine overlapping subsets of immune cells were identified as important features for discrimination of ESCC from normal tissue in the training cohort by LASSO and Boruta algorithms. A diagnostic immune score (DIS) developed by XGBoost showed high specificities and sensitivities in the training cohort, the internal validation cohort, and the external validation cohort (AUC: 0.999, 0.813, and 0.966, respectively). Furthermore, the prognostic immune score (PIS) was developed based on naive B cells and plasma cells using Cox proportional hazards model. The PIS, an independent prognostic predictor, classified patients with ESCC into low- and high-risk subgroups in the internal validation cohort (P = 0.038) and the external validation cohort (P = 0.022). In addition, a nomogram model comprising age, N stage, TNM stage, and PIS was constructed and performed excellent (HR = 4.17, 95% CI: 2.22-7.69, P < 0.0001) in all ESCC patients, with a time-dependent 5-year AUC of 0.745 (95% CI: 0.644 to 0.845), compared with PIS or TNM stage as a prognostic model alone. Conclusion Our DIS, PIS, and nomogram models based on infiltrated immune features may aid diagnosis and survival prediction for patients with ESCC.
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Alkhaifi M, Clayton A, Kishibe T, Simpson JS. The Association Between Smoking Status and Breast Cancer Recurrence: A Systematic Review. J Breast Cancer 2022; 25:278-287. [PMID: 35657004 PMCID: PMC9411030 DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2022.25.e23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine whether smoking status (active/passive) affects recurrence events after breast cancer (BC) diagnosis among women. METHODS A comprehensive literature search of MEDLINE, Cochrane Central, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases on smoking status and BC outcomes retrieved 5,940 articles. After reviewing the inclusion and exclusion criteria, we selected 14 articles for a full review and synthesis. RESULTS Five studies were cohort retrospective, 6 were case-control, 2 were prospective cohort studies, and 1 was a secondary analysis of a randomized control trial. Among the 8 articles that focused on active smoking, 6 showed an increased risk of BC recurrence, and 2 showed no evidence of such an association. Studies that examined former smokers found little evidence of an increased risk of BC recurrence. This association may be dose-dependent. CONCLUSION Given the current evidence, although limited, active smokers should quit smoking after BC diagnosis as trends indicate a positive association between active and BC recurrence. More robust evidence is needed to assess such associations and examine the outcomes of quitting smoking in such patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muna Alkhaifi
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
| | - Adam Clayton
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Teruko Kishibe
- Library Services, St. Michael Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jory S Simpson
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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Darmon S, Park A, Lovejoy LA, Shriver CD, Zhu K, Ellsworth RE. Relationship between Cigarette Smoking and Cancer Characteristics and Survival among Breast Cancer Patients. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:4084. [PMID: 35409765 PMCID: PMC8997894 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19074084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Carcinogenic effects of tobacco smoke may affect breast tumorigenesis. To assess whether cigarette smoking is associated with breast cancer characteristics, we investigated the relationships between smoking, pathological characteristics, and outcomes in 2153 women diagnosed with breast cancer 2001-2016. Patients were classified as never, former, or current smokers at the time of diagnosis. Logistic regression and multivariable Cox proportional hazards analysis were performed to determine whether smoking was associated with tumor characteristics. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards analysis was conducted to compare former or current smokers to never smokers in survival with adjustment for the potential confounders. The majority of women (61.8%) never smoked, followed by former smokers (26.2%) and current smokers (12.0%). After adjustment for demographic variables, body mass index, and comorbidities, tumor characteristics were not significantly associated with smoking status or pack-years smoked. Ten-year overall survival was significantly lower for former and current smokers compared to never smokers (p = 0.0105). However, breast cancer specific survival did not differ significantly between groups (p = 0.1606). Although cigarette smoking did not alter the underlying biology of breast tumors or breast cancer-specific survival, overall survival was significantly worse in smokers, highlighting the importance of smoking cessation in the recently diagnosed breast cancer patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Darmon
- Murtha Cancer Center/Research Program, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD 20889, USA; (S.D.); (A.P.); (C.D.S.); (K.Z.)
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | - Amie Park
- Murtha Cancer Center/Research Program, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD 20889, USA; (S.D.); (A.P.); (C.D.S.); (K.Z.)
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | - Leann A. Lovejoy
- Chan Soon-Shiong Institute of Molecular Medicine at Windber, Windber, PA 15963, USA;
| | - Craig D. Shriver
- Murtha Cancer Center/Research Program, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD 20889, USA; (S.D.); (A.P.); (C.D.S.); (K.Z.)
- Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20889, USA
| | - Kangmin Zhu
- Murtha Cancer Center/Research Program, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD 20889, USA; (S.D.); (A.P.); (C.D.S.); (K.Z.)
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
- Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20889, USA
- Department of Preventative Medicine and Biostatistics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20889, USA
| | - Rachel E. Ellsworth
- Murtha Cancer Center/Research Program, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD 20889, USA; (S.D.); (A.P.); (C.D.S.); (K.Z.)
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
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The Impact of Treatment for Smoking on Breast Cancer Patients’ Survival. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14061464. [PMID: 35326615 PMCID: PMC8946483 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14061464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary This was a retrospective analysis of breast cancer patients who were self-identified as smokers at diagnosis and who were invited to participate in a comprehensive tobacco treatment program (TP) that provided pharmacotherapy and motivational counseling to quit smoking. Our study shows that quitting smoking is associated with improved survival among breast cancer patients who smoke across all tumor stages. In our survival analysis, tobacco abstainers were more likely than smokers to be alive with no evidence of disease (hazard ratio = 0.616 95%CI (0.402–0.945), p = 0.026). Comprehensive approach to address smoking cessation may prolong survival outcomes when started as early as the time of diagnosis. Abstract Background: Smoking negatively affects overall survival after successful breast cancer (BC) treatment. We hypothesized that smoking cessation would improve survival outcomes of BC patients who were smokers at the time of diagnosis. Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of self-identified smokers with BC treated at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center. Patient demographics, date of diagnosis, tumor stage, tobacco treatment program (TP) participation, and time to death were extracted from our departmental databases and institutional electronic health records. We examined associations between tobacco abstinence status and survival using survival models, with and without interactions, adjusted for personal characteristics and biomarkers of disease. Results: Among all 31,069 BC patients treated at MD Anderson between 2006 and 2017, we identified 2126 smokers (6.8%). From those 2126 self-identified smokers, 665 participated in the TP, reporting a conservative estimate of 31% abstinence (intent-to-treat) 9 months into the program. Patients without reported follow-up abstinence status (including TP and non-TP participants) were handled in the analyses as smokers. Survival analysis controlled for multiple factors, including disease characteristics and participation in the TP, indicated that abstainers were more likely to be alive with no evidence of disease compared to non-abstainers (HR, 0.593; 95% CI, 0.386–0.911; p = 0.017). Conclusion: Our results suggest that quitting smoking is associated with improved survival among BC patients who were smokers at time of diagnosis across all tumor stages. Comprehensive approaches for smoking cessation in patients diagnosed with BC may prolong survival when started as early as the time of diagnosis.
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[Tobacco and alcohol consumption in women treated for breast cancer in a department of surgical oncology: Frequent behaviours to consider]. Bull Cancer 2021; 109:307-317. [PMID: 34756596 DOI: 10.1016/j.bulcan.2021.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tobacco and alcohol represent the two most important risk factors increasing cancer incidence and mortality, particularly among women with breast cancer. However, few researches have focused on the consumption of psychoactive substances in women treated for breast cancer. The present study describes the prevalence of tobacco and alcohol consumption and their relationships with the sociodemographic, medical and psychological variables in a population of women receiving surgery treatment for breast cancer. METHODS Between October 2014 and August 2015, a group of women receiving breast cancer treatment were recruited to participate to a screening and brief intervention program (SBI) for the consumption of tobacco and alcohol, adapted to the oncology context. Data on tobacco and alcohol consumption were collected using two questionnaires : the smoking status identification (NIDA) and alcohol consumption (AUDIT-C). A questionnaire for socio- demographic data and two for psychological data (Thermometer of psychological distress; ESAS), have been used. The medical data were reported by participants and verified on medical records. RESULTS In a total of 11 months, 120 women with breast cancer were included in this study. A large majority of patients were hospitalized for a first-time cancer (80.8%), type invasive ductal carcinoma (70.8%) and were receiving surgery as primary treatment (45%). Furthermore, 30.8% of the women reported tobacco consumption and 38.4% high-risk alcohol consumption. Regarding mental health, 40.8% presented moderate to intense levels of psychological distress. No significant relationships were found between consumption scores and sociodemographic, medical or psychological characteristics. Only the patient's age was negatively associated with tobacco consumption. DISCUSSION Tobacco and at-risk alcohol consumption are frequently reported behaviors during breast cancer treatment. Intervention strategies targeting risk behaviors related to addictive consumption should be implemented during the full treatment of breast cancer patients.
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Impact of Smoking-Related Chronic Obstruction Pulmonary Disease on Mortality of Invasive Ductal Carcinoma Patients Receiving Standard Treatments: Propensity Score-Matched, Nationwide, Population-Based Cohort Study. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13153654. [PMID: 34359556 PMCID: PMC8345139 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13153654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary This study is the first to estimate the impact of smoking-related chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) on invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) patients receiving standard treatments. Smoking-related COPD was not a significant independent risk factor for all-cause mortality in women with stage I–III IDC receiving standard treatments. The frequency of hospitalization for COPD with at least one acute exacerbation within one year before breast surgery was highly associated with high mortality for women with IDC receiving standard treatments. Abstract Purpose: the survival effect of smoking-related chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and COPD with acute exacerbation (COPDAE) is unclear for patients with invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) receiving standard treatments. Methods: we recruited women with clinical stage I–III IDC from the Taiwan Cancer Registry Database who had received standard treatments between 1 January 2009 and 31 December 2018. The time-dependent Cox proportional hazards model was used to analyze all-cause mortality. To reduce the effects of potential confounders when all-cause mortality between Groups 1 and 2 were compared, 1:2 propensity score matching (PSM) was performed. We categorized the patients into two groups based on COPD status to compare overall survival outcomes: Group 1 (current smokers with COPD) and Group 2 (nonsmokers without COPD group). Results: PSM yielded 2319 patients with stage I–III IDC (773 and 1546 in Groups 1 and 2, respectively) eligible for further analysis. In the multivariate time-dependent Cox regression analyses, the adjusted hazard ratio (aHR; 95% confidence interval (CI)) of all-cause mortality for Group 1 compared with Group 2 was 1.04 (0.83–1.22). The aHRs (95% CIs) of all-cause mortality for ≥1 hospitalization for COPDAE within one year before breast surgery was 1.51 (1.18–2.36) compared with no COPDAE. Conclusion: smoking-related COPD was not a significant independent risk factor for all-cause mortality in women with stage I–III IDC receiving standard treatments. Being hospitalized at least once for COPDAE within one year before breast surgery is highly associated with high mortality for women with IDC receiving standard treatments. The severity of smoking-related COPD before treatments for breast cancer might be an important prognostic factor of survival. Thus, the information of the severity of COPD before treatment for breast cancer might be valuable for increasing the survival rate in treatment of breast cancer, especially in the prevention of progress from COPD to COPDAE.
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Pham K, DeFina S, Wang H. E-Cigarettes Promote Macrophage-Tumor Cells Crosstalk: Focus on Breast Carcinoma Progression and Lung Metastasis. EXPLORATORY RESEARCH AND HYPOTHESIS IN MEDICINE 2021; 6:60-66. [PMID: 35419501 PMCID: PMC9005083 DOI: 10.14218/erhm.2021.00002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Recurrence and metastasis are the foremost causes of morbidity and mortality for breast cancer (BC). Recent studies have highlighted the critical role of the tumor microenvironment, in particular, because it is related to tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), in metastasis of BC. TAMs are mainly derived from macrophages that are recruited by C-C motif chemokine ligand 5, which are secreted by cancer cells and cancer-related stromal cells. Although E-cigarettes (E-cigs) were originally proposed as a healthy substitute for conventional cigarette smoking, clinical and experimental evidence has highlighted the potentially lethal effects of this alternative. Several studies have illustrated the immune or macrophage activation and DNA damaging effects of E-cigs. However, the potentially pivotal role of TAM-BC crosstalk during BC progression and metastasis for E-cig vaping has not been explored. This review discussed the significant effect that E-cig use had on the BC tumor microenvironment, which ultimately led to enhanced tumor malignancy and metastasis, with an emphasis on the extent that E-cig uses had on the crosstalk between cancer and immune cells, as well as the potential underlying mechanisms that drive this aggressive phenotype of BC. This review advances our understanding of this matter and provides scientific evidence that could highlight risks associated with vaping and suggest a potential intervention for the treatment of aggressive BCs that present an increased risk of metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kien Pham
- Correspondence to: Kien Pham, Department of Pathology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA. Fax: +1- 203-785-7303, Tel: +1-203-737-4557, ; He Wang, Department of Pathology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA. Fax: +1- 203-785-7303, Tel: +1-203-789-3073,
| | | | - He Wang
- Correspondence to: Kien Pham, Department of Pathology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA. Fax: +1- 203-785-7303, Tel: +1-203-737-4557, ; He Wang, Department of Pathology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA. Fax: +1- 203-785-7303, Tel: +1-203-789-3073,
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13
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Nicolas M, Grandal B, Dubost E, Kassara A, Guerin J, Toussaint A, Laas E, Feron JG, Fourchotte V, Lecuru F, Girard N, Coussy F, Lavielle B, Kriegel I, Kirova Y, Pierga JY, Reyal F, Hamy AS. Breast Cancer (BC) Is a Window of Opportunity for Smoking Cessation: Results of a Retrospective Analysis of 1234 BC Survivors in Follow-Up Consultation. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:2423. [PMID: 34067742 PMCID: PMC8156674 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13102423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most commonly diagnosed type of cancer and the leading cause of cancer deaths in women. Smoking is the principal modifiable risk factor for cancers and has a negative influence on long-term survival. We conducted a retrospective study on consecutive BC survivors seen at follow-up consultations between 3 June and 30 October 2019 at Institut Curie, Paris, France. Smoking behaviors were evaluated prospectively via interviewer-administered questionnaires. The aim of this study was to describe smoking-related patient care at diagnosis and smoking cessation patterns in women with a history of BC. A total of 1234 patients were included in the study. Smoking status at diagnosis was missing from electronic health records in 32% of cases, including 13% of patients who smoke. Only 20% of the 197 patients currently smoking at diagnosis recalled having a discussion about smoking with a healthcare professional. Radiotherapists and surgeons were more likely to talk about complications than other practitioners. The main type of information provided was general advice to stop smoking (n = 110), followed by treatment complications (n = 48), while only five patients were referred to tobaccologists. Since diagnosis, 33% (n = 65) of the patients currently smoking had quit. Patients who quit had a lower alcohol consumption, but no other factor was associated with smoking cessation. The main motivation for tobacco withdrawal was the fear of BC relapse (63%). This study highlights room for improvement in the assessment of smoking behavior. Our data raise important perspectives for considering BC treatment and follow-up as a window of opportunity for smoking cessation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Nicolas
- Faculty of Medicine, Sorbonne Université, 75006 Paris, France;
- Department of Breast and Gynecological Surgery, Institut Curie, Université Paris, 75005 Paris, France; (B.G.); (E.D.); (A.T.); (E.L.); (J.-G.F.); (V.F.); (F.L.); (N.G.)
| | - Beatriz Grandal
- Department of Breast and Gynecological Surgery, Institut Curie, Université Paris, 75005 Paris, France; (B.G.); (E.D.); (A.T.); (E.L.); (J.-G.F.); (V.F.); (F.L.); (N.G.)
| | - Emma Dubost
- Department of Breast and Gynecological Surgery, Institut Curie, Université Paris, 75005 Paris, France; (B.G.); (E.D.); (A.T.); (E.L.); (J.-G.F.); (V.F.); (F.L.); (N.G.)
| | - Amyn Kassara
- Data Factory, Institut Curie, Université Paris, 75005 Paris, France; (A.K.); (J.G.)
| | - Julien Guerin
- Data Factory, Institut Curie, Université Paris, 75005 Paris, France; (A.K.); (J.G.)
| | - Aullene Toussaint
- Department of Breast and Gynecological Surgery, Institut Curie, Université Paris, 75005 Paris, France; (B.G.); (E.D.); (A.T.); (E.L.); (J.-G.F.); (V.F.); (F.L.); (N.G.)
| | - Enora Laas
- Department of Breast and Gynecological Surgery, Institut Curie, Université Paris, 75005 Paris, France; (B.G.); (E.D.); (A.T.); (E.L.); (J.-G.F.); (V.F.); (F.L.); (N.G.)
| | - Jean-Guillaume Feron
- Department of Breast and Gynecological Surgery, Institut Curie, Université Paris, 75005 Paris, France; (B.G.); (E.D.); (A.T.); (E.L.); (J.-G.F.); (V.F.); (F.L.); (N.G.)
| | - Virginie Fourchotte
- Department of Breast and Gynecological Surgery, Institut Curie, Université Paris, 75005 Paris, France; (B.G.); (E.D.); (A.T.); (E.L.); (J.-G.F.); (V.F.); (F.L.); (N.G.)
| | - Fabrice Lecuru
- Department of Breast and Gynecological Surgery, Institut Curie, Université Paris, 75005 Paris, France; (B.G.); (E.D.); (A.T.); (E.L.); (J.-G.F.); (V.F.); (F.L.); (N.G.)
| | - Noemie Girard
- Department of Breast and Gynecological Surgery, Institut Curie, Université Paris, 75005 Paris, France; (B.G.); (E.D.); (A.T.); (E.L.); (J.-G.F.); (V.F.); (F.L.); (N.G.)
| | - Florence Coussy
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Curie, Université Paris, 75005 Paris, France; (F.C.); (B.L.); (J.-Y.P.); (A.-S.H.)
| | - Beatrice Lavielle
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Curie, Université Paris, 75005 Paris, France; (F.C.); (B.L.); (J.-Y.P.); (A.-S.H.)
| | - Irene Kriegel
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institut Curie, Université Paris, 75005 Paris, France;
| | - Youlia Kirova
- Department of Radiotherapy, Institut Curie, Université Paris, 75005 Paris, France;
| | - Jean-Yves Pierga
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Curie, Université Paris, 75005 Paris, France; (F.C.); (B.L.); (J.-Y.P.); (A.-S.H.)
| | - Fabien Reyal
- Department of Breast and Gynecological Surgery, Institut Curie, Université Paris, 75005 Paris, France; (B.G.); (E.D.); (A.T.); (E.L.); (J.-G.F.); (V.F.); (F.L.); (N.G.)
- Residual Tumor & Response to Treatment Laboratory, RT2Lab, INSERM, U932 Immunity and Cancer, Institut Curie, Université Paris, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Hamy
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Curie, Université Paris, 75005 Paris, France; (F.C.); (B.L.); (J.-Y.P.); (A.-S.H.)
- Residual Tumor & Response to Treatment Laboratory, RT2Lab, INSERM, U932 Immunity and Cancer, Institut Curie, Université Paris, 75005 Paris, France
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14
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Dieleman LA, van Peet PG, Vos HMM. Gender differences within the barriers to smoking cessation and the preferences for interventions in primary care a qualitative study using focus groups in The Hague, The Netherlands. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e042623. [PMID: 33514579 PMCID: PMC7849885 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-042623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This research aimed to provide a deeper insight into the gender-specific barriers to smoking cessation and gender-specific preferences for interventions in primary care, in order to contribute to better aligned cessation care for women. DESIGN Qualitative study using focus groups. SETTING Regularly smoking female and male adults were recruited from four different general practices in The Hague (The Netherlands). PARTICIPANTS A total of 11 women and nine men participated. Participants included were regular smokers with a minimum age of 18 and sufficient command of the Dutch language, who were willing to talk about smoking cessation. Inclusion ended when saturation was reached for both women and men. Participants were selected by means of purposeful sampling, whereby looking at age, educational level and experience with quitting. RESULTS The main barriers to smoking cessation in women were psychological factors, such as emotion and stress, compared with environmental factors in men. Women indicated they were in need of support and positivity, and both women and men expressed the desire for assistance without judgement. Contrary to men, women were not drawn to restrictions and (dis)incentives. CONCLUSION When counselling smokers, in women the focus should be on perceived internal problems, as opposed to more external obstacles in men. Contrary to men, female smokers seem to prefer non-coercive interventions, such as a group intervention offering support and positivity. Future research should focus on these gender differences, and how they could improve treatment in primary care.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Petra G van Peet
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, LUMC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Hedwig M M Vos
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, LUMC, Leiden, The Netherlands
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15
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Damen MPF, van Rheenen J, Scheele CLGJ. Targeting dormant tumor cells to prevent cancer recurrence. FEBS J 2020; 288:6286-6303. [PMID: 33190412 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Over the years, developments in oncology led to significantly improved clinical outcome for cancer patients. However, cancer recurrence after initial treatment response still poses a major challenge, as it often involves more aggressive, metastatic disease. The presence of dormant cancer cells is associated with recurrence, metastasis, and poor clinical outcome, suggesting that these cells may play a crucial role in the process of disease relapse. Cancer cell dormancy typically presents as growth arrest while retaining proliferative capacity and can be induced or reversed by a wide array of cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic factors. Conventional therapies preferentially target fast-dividing cells, leaving dormant cancer cells largely insensitive to these treatments. In this review, we discuss the role of dormant cancer cells in cancer recurrence and highlight how novel therapy strategies based on cell-cycle modulation, modifications of existing drugs, or enhanced drug-delivery vehicles may be used to specifically target this subpopulation of tumor cells, and thereby have the potential to prevent disease recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maartje P F Damen
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jacco van Rheenen
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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16
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Wu T, Hsu FC, Pierce JP. Increased Acid-Producing Diet and Past Smoking Intensity Are Associated with Worse Prognoses Among Breast Cancer Survivors: A Prospective Cohort Study. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9061817. [PMID: 32545214 PMCID: PMC7355548 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9061817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Current dietary guidelines do not consider cancer survivors’ and past smokers’ low capacity to regulate their acid–base balance. People with a low capacity to regulate their acid–base balance are more susceptible to acid-producing diets. We studied a cohort of 2950 early stage breast cancer survivors who provided dietary information at baseline and during follow-up. We assessed the intakes of acid-producing diets via two commonly used dietary acid load scores: potential renal acid load (PRAL) and net endogenous acid production (NEAP). We assessed past smoking intensity by pack-years of smoking. After an average of 7.3 years of follow-up, there were 295 total deaths, 249 breast cancer-specific deaths, and 490 cases of recurrent breast cancer. Increased intakes of dietary acid load and pack-years of smoking were each independently and jointly associated with increased total mortality and breast cancer-specific mortality; tests for trends and overall associations were statistically significant for NEAP and marginally significant for PRAL. Compared to women in the lowest tertile of NEAP and pack-year of smoking = 0, women in the highest tertile of NEAP and pack-years of smoking >15 had the greatest increased risk of total mortality (HR = 3.23, 95%CI 1.99–5.26). Further, dietary acid scores were associated with increased breast cancer recurrence among women with pack-years of smoking >0 but not in those with pack-years of smoking = 0 (p values for interactions <0.05). Our study provides valuable evidence for adding dietary acid load scores to dietary guidelines for breast cancer survivors and developing specific guidelines for past smokers among these survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianying Wu
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA
- Moores Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA;
- Correspondence:
| | - Fang-Chi Hsu
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA;
| | - John P. Pierce
- Moores Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA;
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17
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McBride RB, Fei K, Rothstein JH, Alexeeff SE, Song X, Sakoda LC, McGuire V, Achacoso N, Acton L, Liang RY, Lipson JA, Yaffe MJ, Rubin DL, Whittemore AS, Habel LA, Sieh W. Alcohol and Tobacco Use in Relation to Mammographic Density in 23,456 Women. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020; 29:1039-1048. [PMID: 32066618 PMCID: PMC7196522 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-19-0348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Percent density (PD) is a strong risk factor for breast cancer that is potentially modifiable by lifestyle factors. PD is a composite of the dense (DA) and nondense (NDA) areas of a mammogram, representing predominantly fibroglandular or fatty tissues, respectively. Alcohol and tobacco use have been associated with increased breast cancer risk. However, their effects on mammographic density (MD) phenotypes are poorly understood. METHODS We examined associations of alcohol and tobacco use with PD, DA, and NDA in a population-based cohort of 23,456 women screened using full-field digital mammography machines manufactured by Hologic or General Electric. MD was measured using Cumulus. Machine-specific effects were estimated using linear regression, and combined using random effects meta-analysis. RESULTS Alcohol use was positively associated with PD (P trend = 0.01), unassociated with DA (P trend = 0.23), and inversely associated with NDA (P trend = 0.02) adjusting for age, body mass index, reproductive factors, physical activity, and family history of breast cancer. In contrast, tobacco use was inversely associated with PD (P trend = 0.0008), unassociated with DA (P trend = 0.93), and positively associated with NDA (P trend<0.0001). These trends were stronger in normal and overweight women than in obese women. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that associations of alcohol and tobacco use with PD result more from their associations with NDA than DA. IMPACT PD and NDA may mediate the association of alcohol drinking, but not tobacco smoking, with increased breast cancer risk. Further studies are needed to elucidate the modifiable lifestyle factors that influence breast tissue composition, and the important role of the fatty tissues on breast health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Russell B McBride
- Institute for Translational Epidemiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Kezhen Fei
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Joseph H Rothstein
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Stacey E Alexeeff
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California
| | - Xiaoyu Song
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Lori C Sakoda
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California
| | - Valerie McGuire
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Ninah Achacoso
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California
| | - Luana Acton
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California
| | - Rhea Y Liang
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Jafi A Lipson
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Martin J Yaffe
- Departments of Medical Biophysics and Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Daniel L Rubin
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Alice S Whittemore
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Laurel A Habel
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California
| | - Weiva Sieh
- Institute for Translational Epidemiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
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18
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Takada K, Kashiwagi S, Asano Y, Goto W, Kouhashi R, Yabumoto A, Morisaki T, Fujita H, Shibutani M, Takashima T, Hirakawa K, Ohira M. The effect of smoking on biological change of recurrent breast cancer. J Transl Med 2020; 18:153. [PMID: 32248830 PMCID: PMC7132886 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-020-02307-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The selection of treatment for a patient with breast cancer largely relies on the cancer subtype. However, this process is complicated by changes in tumor biology at relapse. Smoking has been identified as a risk factor for breast cancer. The direct effect of a tobacco component delivered via blood circulation on the mammary gland tissue and subsequent DNA damage have been proposed to explain the association between cigarette smoking and breast cancer carcinogenesis. This postulation is supported by both tissue culture and animal studies demonstrating that the associated DNA damage further alters breast cancer cells, as indicated by an increased proliferative capacity and malignant transformation. In this study, we aimed to explore the relationship between changes in Estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PgR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) each receptor at recurrence, and smoking and the prognosis after recurrence. METHODS This retrospective study included 989 patients with primary breast cancer who developed relapse after surgery and 50 patients who underwent regenerative biopsy or surgery from December 2007 to March 2018. ER, PgR, and HER2 expression in the primary and recurrent lesions was evaluated using immunohistochemistry, and the correlations of these expression patterns with smoking history (pack-years) were examined. RESULTS When ER was evaluated in recurrent tumors, negative and positive conversions were recognized in 3 (6.0%) and 1 patient (2.0%), respectively. When PgR was evaluated, negative conversion was recognized in 15 patients (30.0%). When HER2 was evaluated, positive conversion was recognized in 6 patients (12.0%). Consequently, we observed a change in the intrinsic subtype in in 5 patients with recurrent tumors (10.0%). Although most clinical factors were not correlated with smoking, a positive conversion of HER2 in recurrence was significantly more frequent among smokers than among non-smokers (p = 0.024). CONCLUSIONS Biological changes during breast cancer recurrence should be given careful clinical consideration because they affect treatment after recurrence. Our results suggest that smoking may induce increased HER2 expression in recurrent breast tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Takada
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Kashiwagi
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan.
| | - Yuka Asano
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Wataru Goto
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Rika Kouhashi
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Akimichi Yabumoto
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Tamami Morisaki
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Hisakazu Fujita
- Department of Scientific and Linguistic Fundamentals of Nursing, Osaka City University Graduate School of Nursing, 1-5-17 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-0051, Japan
| | - Masatsune Shibutani
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Takashima
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Kosei Hirakawa
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Masaichi Ohira
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
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19
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Abstract
YAP and TAZ are transcriptional activators pervasively induced in several human solid tumours and their functions in cancer cells are the focus of intense investigation. These studies established that YAP and TAZ are essential to trigger numerous cell-autonomous responses, such as sustained proliferation, cell plasticity, therapy resistance and metastasis. Yet tumours are complex entities, wherein cancer cells are just one of the components of a composite "tumour tissue". The other component, the tumour stroma, is composed of an extracellular matrix with aberrant mechanical properties and other cell types, including cancer-associated fibroblasts and immune cells. The stroma entertains multiple and bidirectional interactions with tumour cells, establishing dependencies essential to unleash tumorigenesis. The molecular players of such interplay remain partially understood. Here, we review the emerging role of YAP and TAZ in choreographing tumour-stromal interactions. YAP and TAZ act within tumour cells to orchestrate responses in stromal cells. Vice versa, YAP and TAZ in stromal cells trigger effects that positively feed back on the growth of tumour cells. Recognizing YAP and TAZ as a hub of the network of signals exchanged within the tumour microenvironment provides a fresh perspective on the molecular principles of tumour self-organization, promising to unveil numerous new vulnerabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Stefano Piccolo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padua, Italy.
- IFOM, The FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Padua, Italy.
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Wu T, Sonoda S, Liu H. Unprocessed red meat intakes are associated with increased inflammation, triglycerides and HDL cholesterol in past smokers. Nutr Diet 2019; 77:182-188. [PMID: 31161628 DOI: 10.1111/1747-0080.12555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AIM To determine the associations of unprocessed red meat with serum C-reactive protein and traditional lipid biomarkers among adults with different smoking status. METHODS Using a cross-sectional design, we analysed data collected from 5011 adults (men and women) who had provided information on dietary intakes and the proposed biomarkers for the 2005-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). RESULTS We found positive associations between unprocessed red meat and serum C-reactive protein and triglycerides and an inverse association between unprocessed red meat and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol in past smokers, but no associations in never smokers and current smokers. Among past smokers, the percent difference of biomarkers between participants with the highest and the lowest quintiles for the intakes of unprocessed red meat was 42% (P = 0.03) for CRP, 32% for triglycerides and -11% (P = 0.02) for HDL cholesterol. No association was found between unprocessed red meat and other lipid biomarkers. CONCLUSIONS Providing individualised nutritional guidelines according to smoking status is important. Our study provided evidence for developing specific guidelines on red meat for past smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianying Wu
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, San Diego State University, USA
| | | | - Hongxia Liu
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, China
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21
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Takada K, Kashiwagi S, Asano Y, Goto W, Takahashi K, Fujita H, Takashima T, Tomita S, Hirakawa K, Ohira M. Clinical verification of the relationship between smoking and the immune microenvironment of breast cancer. J Transl Med 2019; 17:13. [PMID: 30616624 PMCID: PMC6323676 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-019-1773-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The immune tumor microenvironment (iTME) is thought to affect the response to chemotherapy, and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are often used as an indicator to evaluate the iTME. Smoking is involved in carcinogenesis, the relationship between smoking and the iTME of lung cancer has been reported. We hypothesized that smoking would affect the iTME of breast cancer and aimed to examine this relationship based on the amount of pre-diagnosis smoking and the subsequent effects on treatment response and prognosis. Methods This retrospective study evaluated data from 149 patients who underwent preoperative chemotherapy for triple-negative or HER2-enriched breast cancer. TILs were assessed in biopsy specimens at diagnosis. The data of all patients were used to calculate each patient’s smoking amount based on pack-years. Results Relative to the low smoking group, the high smoking group had a significant greater TILs density (p = 0.043) and a significantly better pathological complete response (pCR) rate (p = 0.042). However, there was no significant difference according to smoking amount in disease-free survival (p = 0.114) or overall survival (p = 0.347). Conclusions Smoking may influence the iTME, with an activated iTME being associated with pCR rate. Therefore, controlled activation of the microenvironment in this setting may help improve patients’ prognosis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12967-019-1773-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Takada
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Kashiwagi
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan. .,Department of Surgical Oncology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan.
| | - Yuka Asano
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Wataru Goto
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Katsuyuki Takahashi
- Department of Pharmacology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Hisakazu Fujita
- Department of Scientific and Linguistic Fundamentals of Nursing, Osaka City University Graduate School of Nursing, 1-5-17 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-0051, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Takashima
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Shuhei Tomita
- Department of Pharmacology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Kosei Hirakawa
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Masaichi Ohira
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
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22
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Sadek KW, Haik MY, Ashour AA, Baloch T, Aboulkassim T, Yasmeen A, Vranic S, Zeidan A, Al Moustafa AE. Water-pipe smoking promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition and invasion of human breast cancer cells via ERK1/ERK2 pathways. Cancer Cell Int 2018; 18:180. [PMID: 30473629 PMCID: PMC6234648 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-018-0678-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background With the increasing popularity of water-pipe smoking (WPS), it is critical to comprehend how WPS may affect women's health. The main goal of this study is to identify the potential outcome of WPS on human breast cancer progression. Methods Two breast cancer cell lines, MCF7 and BT20, were used in this investigation. We explored the outcome of WPS on cell morphology and cell invasion using inverted microscope and Biocoat Matrigel invasion chambers. On the other hand, Western blot was employed to study the expression patterns of key control genes of cell adhesion and invasion. Results Our data reveal that WPS induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of MCF7 and BT20 breast cancer cell lines; thus, WPS enhances cell invasion ability of both cell lines in comparison with their matched controls. More significantly, WPS provokes a down- and up-regulation of E-cadherin and focal adhesion kinase (FAK), respectively, which are important key regulators of cancer progression genes. Finally, our data point out that WPS incites the activation of Erk1/Erk2, which could be behind the stimulation of EMT and invasion as well as the deregulation of E-cadherin and FAK expression. Conclusion Our data show, for the first time, that WPS initiates EMT and stimulates cell invasion of breast cancer cells, which could incite metastatic development in breast cancer patients. Thus, we believe that further studies, both in vitro and in vivo, are required to elucidate the pathogenic outcome of WPS on cancer progression of several human carcinomas including breast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled W Sadek
- 1College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.,2Biomedical Research Centre, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mahmoud Y Haik
- 1College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.,2Biomedical Research Centre, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Anas A Ashour
- 1College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.,2Biomedical Research Centre, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Tahira Baloch
- 3Segal Cancer Centre, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research of the Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC Canada
| | - Tahar Aboulkassim
- 3Segal Cancer Centre, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research of the Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC Canada
| | - Amber Yasmeen
- 3Segal Cancer Centre, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research of the Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC Canada
| | - Semir Vranic
- 1College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Asad Zeidan
- 1College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ala-Eddin Al Moustafa
- 1College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.,2Biomedical Research Centre, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.,4Oncology Department, McGill University, Montreal, QC Canada.,Syrian Research Cancer Centre of the Syrian Society against Cancer, Aleppo, Syria
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23
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Changes in health behaviours and body mass index after a breast cancer diagnosis: results from a prospective cohort study. Eur J Cancer Prev 2018; 28:330-337. [PMID: 30272598 DOI: 10.1097/cej.0000000000000469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to describe changes in health behaviours and BMI after breast cancer diagnosis, depicting the potential influence of sociodemographic, clinical and psychological characteristics. A total of 428 breast cancer patients were prospectively followed for 3 years, since diagnosis. At the end of follow-up, women were classified regarding their adherence to recommendations for cancer prevention, prediagnosis and after 3 years, including not smoking, alcohol consumption up to one drink per day, intake of at least five portions per day of fruits and/or vegetables, physical activity and body mass index (BMI) less than 25.0 kg/m. To quantify associations between patients' characteristics and changes in adherence to each recommendation, age, education and cancer stage-adjusted odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Among women adhering to each recommendation before diagnosis, 54.1% reduced their physical activity, 32.4% became overweight or obese and 6.1% reduced fruits and/or vegetables intake, but there were virtually no changes in alcohol consumption or smoking. Older and more educated participants were more likely to reduce their physical activity (OR=4.71, 95% CI: 1.17-18.99; OR=11.53, 95% CI: 2.20-60.53, respectively). Among participants not following each recommendation before diagnosis, 29.1% stopped smoking, 24.6% reduced alcohol consumption, 9.9% became physically active, 7.8% increased fruits and/or vegetables intake and 3.3% reduced their BMI to less than 25.0 kg/m. Older women were less likely to become physically active (OR=0.32, 95% CI: 0.14-0.75). Breast cancer patients showed some positive changes in their health behaviours after diagnosis. However, there is a large margin for improvement, which highlights the importance of health promotion interventions in this context.
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24
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Albrengues J, Shields MA, Ng D, Park CG, Ambrico A, Poindexter ME, Upadhyay P, Uyeminami DL, Pommier A, Küttner V, Bružas E, Maiorino L, Bautista C, Carmona EM, Gimotty PA, Fearon DT, Chang K, Lyons SK, Pinkerton KE, Trotman LC, Goldberg MS, Yeh JTH, Egeblad M. Neutrophil extracellular traps produced during inflammation awaken dormant cancer cells in mice. Science 2018; 361:eaao4227. [PMID: 30262472 PMCID: PMC6777850 DOI: 10.1126/science.aao4227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 817] [Impact Index Per Article: 136.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells from a primary tumor can disseminate to other tissues, remaining dormant and clinically undetectable for many years. Little is known about the cues that cause these dormant cells to awaken, resume proliferating, and develop into metastases. Studying mouse models, we found that sustained lung inflammation caused by tobacco smoke exposure or nasal instillation of lipopolysaccharide converted disseminated, dormant cancer cells to aggressively growing metastases. Sustained inflammation induced the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), and these were required for awakening dormant cancer. Mechanistic analysis revealed that two NET-associated proteases, neutrophil elastase and matrix metalloproteinase 9, sequentially cleaved laminin. The proteolytically remodeled laminin induced proliferation of dormant cancer cells by activating integrin α3β1 signaling. Antibodies against NET-remodeled laminin prevented awakening of dormant cells. Therapies aimed at preventing dormant cell awakening could potentially prolong the survival of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Albrengues
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Mario A Shields
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - David Ng
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Chun Gwon Park
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | | | - Morgan E Poindexter
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Priya Upadhyay
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Dale L Uyeminami
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Arnaud Pommier
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Victoria Küttner
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Emilis Bružas
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
- Watson School of Biological Sciences, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Laura Maiorino
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
- Watson School of Biological Sciences, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | | | - Ellese M Carmona
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Phyllis A Gimotty
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Douglas T Fearon
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge CB2 0RE, UK
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Kenneth Chang
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Scott K Lyons
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Kent E Pinkerton
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Lloyd C Trotman
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Michael S Goldberg
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Johannes T-H Yeh
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Mikala Egeblad
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA.
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25
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Kroeger N, Li H, De Velasco G, Donskov F, Sim HW, Stühler V, Wells JC, Stukalin I, Heide J, Bedke J, Agarwal N, Parekh H, Rini BI, Knox JJ, Pantuck A, Choueiri TK, Chin Heng DY. Active Smoking Is Associated With Worse Prognosis in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients Treated With Targeted Therapies. Clin Genitourin Cancer 2018; 17:65-71. [PMID: 30341028 DOI: 10.1016/j.clgc.2018.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Smoking increases the risk of developing renal cell carcinoma (RCC) but the effect of tobacco consumption on survival outcome of patients with metastatic RCC (mRCC) treated with targeted therapies has not been well characterized. PATIENTS AND METHODS The primary outcome was overall survival (OS) and secondary outcome was progression-free survival (PFS). Patients with mRCC were categorized as current, former, and nonsmokers at the time of starting targeted therapy. Smoking data from 1980 patients with mRCC treated with targeted therapy were collected through the International mRCC Database Consortium (IMDC) from 12 international cancer centers. RESULTS Although former and nonsmokers had comparable OS times (23.8 vs. 23.4 months; P = .898), current smokers had significantly shorter OS (16.1 months; P < .001) than nonsmokers. Current but not former smoking status was an independent poor prognosis factor (hazard ratio [HR], 1.3; P = .002) when adjusted for the IMDC risk criteria. Each pack-year increased the risk of death by 1% (HR, 1.01; P = .036). The duration of first-line therapy response was not different and was 7.7 months versus 7.5 months versus 6.4 months in never, former (P = .609), and current smokers (P = .839), respectively. CONCLUSION Active smoking is associated with diminished OS in mRCC patients treated with targeted therapy agents. However, patients who quit smoking returned to a similar risk of death from RCC compared with patients who never smoked. Smoking cessation should be a counseling priority among mRCC patients receiving targeted agents and smoking should be considered as a confounding factor in major clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Kroeger
- Department of Urology, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Germany; Tom Baker Cancer Center, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Haoran Li
- Tom Baker Cancer Center, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Frede Donskov
- Department of Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Hao-Wen Sim
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Viktoria Stühler
- Department of Urology, Eberhard-Karls-University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - J Connor Wells
- Tom Baker Cancer Center, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Igor Stukalin
- Tom Baker Cancer Center, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Johannes Heide
- Department of Urology, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Germany
| | - Jens Bedke
- Department of Urology, Eberhard-Karls-University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Neeraj Agarwal
- Huntsman Cancer Institute at the University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Hiral Parekh
- Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, OH
| | - Brian I Rini
- Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, OH
| | - Jennifer J Knox
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Allan Pantuck
- UCLA Institute of Urologic Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
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26
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García-Esquinas E, Jiménez A, Pastor-Barriuso R, Jones MR, Perez-Gomez B, Navas-Acien A, Tellez-Plaza M. Impact of declining exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke in public places to decreasing smoking-related cancer mortality in the US population. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2018; 117:260-267. [PMID: 29775915 PMCID: PMC6136453 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The major decrease in exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) in public places in recent decades could have contributed to the decline in smoking-related cancer mortality observed in the US population. METHODS Prospective study among 11,856 non-smoking adults aged ≥40 years who participated in NHANES 1988-1994 or 1999-2004 and were followed for mortality through 2006. We estimated the amount of change in cancer mortality over time attributed to the intermediate pathway of changes in SHS exposure in public places, after adjustment for risk factors and SHS exposure at home. RESULTS The adjusted smoking-related cancer mortality rate ratios (95% CI) for a two-fold increase in serum cotinine and a 1-hour increase in occupational SHS exposure time were 1.10 (1.03, 1.17) and 1.14 (1.06, 1.24) for all-cancer, and 1.13 (1.03, 1.24) and 1.14 (1.02, 1.26) for smoking-related cancer, respectively. The absolute reduction in mortality comparing 1999-2004 to 1988-1994 was 75.8 (-25.5, 177.0) and 77.0 (2.6, 151.4) deaths/100,000 person-years, for all-cancer and smoking-related cancer, respectively. Among these avoided all-cancer deaths, 45.8 (2.8, 89.5) and 18.1 (-1.2, 39.6)/100,000 person-year were attributable to changes in serum cotinine concentrations and occupational SHS exposure time, respectively. The corresponding numbers of smoking-related cancer avoided deaths were 36.4 (0.7, 72.8) and 9.9 (-3.8, 24.9)/100,000 person-year. CONCLUSIONS Declines in SHS exposure were associated with reductions in all-cancer and smoking-related cancer mortality, supporting that smoking bans in public places may have reduced cancer mortality among non-smoking adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther García-Esquinas
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/IdiPaz and CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Angélica Jiménez
- Institute for Biomedical Research Hospital Clinic of Valencia (INCLIVA), Valencia, Spain
| | - Roberto Pastor-Barriuso
- National Center of Epidemiology, Carlos III Institutes of Health and CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miranda R Jones
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA
| | - Beatriz Perez-Gomez
- National Center of Epidemiology, Carlos III Institutes of Health and CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Navas-Acien
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Maria Tellez-Plaza
- Institute for Biomedical Research Hospital Clinic of Valencia (INCLIVA), Valencia, Spain; Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA
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27
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Irimie AI, Braicu C, Cojocneanu R, Magdo L, Onaciu A, Ciocan C, Mehterov N, Dudea D, Buduru S, Berindan-Neagoe I. Differential Effect of Smoking on Gene Expression in Head and Neck Cancer Patients. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15071558. [PMID: 30041465 PMCID: PMC6069101 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15071558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Smoking is a well-known behavior that has an important negative impact on human health, and is considered to be a significant factor related to the development and progression of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs). Use of high-dimensional datasets to discern novel HNSCC driver genes related to smoking represents an important challenge. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) analysis was performed in three co-existing groups of HNSCC in order to assess whether gene expression landscape is affected by tobacco smoking, having quit, or non-smoking status. We identified a set of differentially expressed genes that discriminate between smokers and non-smokers or based on human papilloma virus (HPV)16 status, or the co-occurrence of these two exposome components in HNSCC. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways classification shows that most of the genes are specific to cellular metabolism, emphasizing metabolic detoxification pathways, metabolism of chemical carcinogenesis, or drug metabolism. In the case of HPV16-positive patients it has been demonstrated that the altered genes are related to cellular adhesion and inflammation. The correlation between smoking and the survival rate was not statistically significant. This emphasizes the importance of the complex environmental exposure and genetic factors in order to establish prevention assays and personalized care system for HNSCC, with the potential for being extended to other cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Iulia Irimie
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Dental Materials, Division Dental Propaedeutics, Aesthetic, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, 23 Marinescu Street, Cluj-Napoca 40015, Romania.
| | - Cornelia Braicu
- Research Center for Functional Genomics and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, Cluj-Napoca 40015, Romania.
| | - Roxana Cojocneanu
- Research Center for Functional Genomics and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, Cluj-Napoca 40015, Romania.
| | - Lorand Magdo
- Research Center for Functional Genomics and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, Cluj-Napoca 40015, Romania.
| | - Anca Onaciu
- MEDFUTURE-Research Center for Advanced Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iuliu Hatieganu, 23 Marinescu Street, Cluj-Napoca 40015, Romania.
| | - Cristina Ciocan
- MEDFUTURE-Research Center for Advanced Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iuliu Hatieganu, 23 Marinescu Street, Cluj-Napoca 40015, Romania.
| | - Nikolay Mehterov
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University-Plovdiv, 15-А Vassil Aprilov Blvd., Plovdiv 4000, Bulgaria.
- Technological Center for Emergency Medicine, 15-А Vassil Aprilov Blvd., Plovdiv 4000, Bulgaria.
| | - Diana Dudea
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Dental Materials, Division Dental Propaedeutics, Aesthetic, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, 23 Marinescu Street, Cluj-Napoca 40015, Romania.
| | - Smaranda Buduru
- Prosthetics and Dental Materials, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, 32 Clinicilor Street, Cluj-Napoca 400006, Romania.
| | - Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
- Research Center for Functional Genomics and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, Cluj-Napoca 40015, Romania.
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University-Plovdiv, 15-А Vassil Aprilov Blvd., Plovdiv 4000, Bulgaria.
- Department of Functional Genomics and Experimental Pathology, The Oncology Institute Ion Chiricuta, Republicii 34th Street, Cluj-Napoca 400015, Romania.
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28
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Proietti S, Catizone A, Masiello MG, Dinicola S, Fabrizi G, Minini M, Ricci G, Verna R, Reiter RJ, Cucina A, Bizzarri M. Increase in motility and invasiveness of MCF7 cancer cells induced by nicotine is abolished by melatonin through inhibition of ERK phosphorylation. J Pineal Res 2018; 64:e12467. [PMID: 29338098 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Through activation of the ERK pathway, nicotine, in both normal MCF-10A and low-malignant breast cancer cells (MCF7), promotes increased motility and invasiveness. Melatonin antagonizes both these effects by inhibiting almost completely ERK phosphorylation. As melatonin has no effect on nonstimulated cells, it is likely that melatonin can counteract ERK activation only downstream of nicotine-induced activation. This finding suggests that melatonin hampers ERK phosphorylation presumably by targeting a still unknown intermediate factor that connects nicotine stimulation to ERK phosphorylation. Furthermore, downstream of ERK activation, melatonin significantly reduces fascin and calpain activation while restoring normal vinculin levels. Melatonin also counteracts nicotine effects by reshaping the overall cytoskeleton architecture and abolishing invasive membrane protrusion. In addition, melatonin decreases nicotine-dependent ROCK1/ROCK2 activation, thus further inhibiting cell contractility and motility. Melatonin actions are most likely attributable to ERK inhibition, although melatonin could display other ERK-independent effects, namely through a direct modulation of additional molecular and structural factors, including coronin, cofilin, and cytoskeleton components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Proietti
- Department of Surgery "Pietro Valdoni", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Systems Biology Group, Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Catizone
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Masiello
- Department of Surgery "Pietro Valdoni", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Systems Biology Group, Rome, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Simona Dinicola
- Department of Surgery "Pietro Valdoni", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Systems Biology Group, Rome, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianmarco Fabrizi
- Department of Surgery "Pietro Valdoni", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Systems Biology Group, Rome, Italy
| | - Mirko Minini
- Department of Surgery "Pietro Valdoni", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Systems Biology Group, Rome, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Ricci
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberto Verna
- Systems Biology Group, Rome, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Alessandra Cucina
- Department of Surgery "Pietro Valdoni", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Systems Biology Group, Rome, Italy
- Azienda Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy
| | - Mariano Bizzarri
- Systems Biology Group, Rome, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Smoking and FGFR2 rs2981582 variant independently modulate male breast cancer survival: A population-based study in Tuscany, Italy. Breast 2018; 40:85-91. [PMID: 29709729 DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2018.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Male breast cancer (MBC) is a rare disease and recommendations for its clinical management are often extrapolated from those for female breast cancer, even if breast cancer (BC) has different characteristics in the two sexes. The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of several individual characteristics including clinico-pathological, lifestyle and genetic factors on overall survival (OS) of a relatively large and well characterized population-based series of 166 MBCs enrolled in Tuscany. METHODS We genotyped MBC cases at BRCA1/2 genes and at 9 candidate BC susceptibility SNPs. Kaplan-Meier method and multivariate Cox regression, adjusted for several individual characteristics were used. To reduce a possible selection bias related to the interval between diagnosis and enrolment of MBC cases into the study, we used the date of blood donation as the date of the start of observation for survival analysis. RESULTS Only smoking habits had a significant effect on OS at 10 years (for current smokers, HR: 3.34; 95% CI 1.45-7.68; p = 0.004), while lymph node status fell short of reaching statistical significance (for pN positive, HR: 2.07; 95% CI 0.93-4.55; p = 0.07). In the same multivariate analysis we found a significantly higher OS in cases with FGFR2 rs2981582 variant in the dominant transmission model (HR: 0.29; 95% CI: 0.13-0.62; p = 0.028). A sensitivity analysis with left truncation showed similar results. CONCLUSIONS Our results may contribute to shed light on factors influencing MBC survival suggesting an important role for cigarette smoking and FGFR2 rs2981582 variant, and provide clues for better patient management.
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Abdel-Rahman O, Cheung WY. Impact of smoking history on the outcomes of women with early-stage breast cancer: a secondary analysis of a randomized study. Med Oncol 2018; 35:68. [PMID: 29644504 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-018-1129-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
To assess the impact of smoking history on the outcomes of early-stage breast cancer patients treated with sequential anthracyclines-taxanes in a randomized study. This is a secondary analysis of patient-level data of 1242 breast cancer patients referred for adjuvant chemotherapy in the BCIRG005 clinical trial. Overall survival was assessed according to smoking history through Kaplan-Meier analysis. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses of factors affecting overall and relapse-free survival were subsequently conducted. Factors that were evaluated included: age, performance status, number of chemotherapy cycles, T stage, lymph node ratio, estrogen receptor status, adjuvant radiotherapy and smoking history. Kaplan-Meier analysis of overall survival according to smoking status (ever smoker vs. never smoker) was conducted. There was a trend toward a better overall survival among never smokers compared to ever smokers; however, it was not statistically significant (P = 0.098). The following factors were associated with better overall survival in multivariate analysis: older age (P = 0.011), complete chemotherapy course (P = 0.002), lower T stage (P < 0.0001), lower lymph node ratio (P < 0.0001) and positive estrogen receptor status (P = 0.006). Otherwise, the following factors were associated with better relapse-free survival in multivariate analysis: older age (P = 0.001), never smoking status (P = 0.021), lower T stage (P = 0.028), lower lymph node ratio (P < 0.0001) and positive estrogen receptor status (P < 0.0001). Early-stage breast cancer patients with a positive smoking history experienced worse relapse-free survival compared to never smokers. Physicians managing breast cancer patients should prioritize discussion about the benefits of smoking cessation when counseling their patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Abdel-Rahman
- Clinical Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Winson Y Cheung
- Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB, Canada.
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Weigl J, Hauner H, Hauner D. Can Nutrition Lower the Risk of Recurrence in Breast Cancer? Breast Care (Basel) 2018; 13:86-91. [PMID: 29887784 PMCID: PMC5981678 DOI: 10.1159/000488718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of diet on breast cancer prognosis is poorly understood. Therefore, we conducted a literature search summarizing the current evidence on the effect of diet on breast cancer recurrence and mortality. METHODS The PubMed database was searched for original studies, reviews, and meta-analyses published between 2010 and 2017. Studies related to diet, dietary patterns, special diets or specific dietary factors, and breast cancer recurrence or mortality were included. RESULTS Adherence to high diet quality indices (relative risk (RR) 0.74, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.60-0.90) and a prudent/healthy dietary pattern (RR 0.76, 95% CI 0.60-0.95) may have a beneficial effect on breast cancer prognosis, whereas a Western/unhealthy diet is associated with poorer overall mortality (RR 1.44, 95% CI 1.17-1.77). For low-fat diets, the findings are inconsistent. A positive effect of the Mediterranean Diet was found for all-cause mortality, but no beneficial effect from other diets such as low-carbohydrate, ketogenic or vegetarian/vegan diets was observed. Alcohol consumption was associated with an increased risk for breast cancer recurrence. No general recommendation for soy exists, but occasional intake seems to be acceptable, whereas the use of other supplements is not justified. CONCLUSION Adherence to high-quality diets and a prudent/healthy dietary pattern seem to be beneficial for breast cancer prognosis. No clear evidence for a benefit from special diets, soy products, or other supplements was found.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hans Hauner
- Institute for Nutritional Medicine, Else Kröner-Fresenius-Center for Nutritional Medicine, University Hospital Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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Wang K, Li F, Zhang X, Li Z, Li H. Smoking increases risks of all-cause and breast cancer specific mortality in breast cancer individuals: a dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies involving 39725 breast cancer cases. Oncotarget 2018; 7:83134-83147. [PMID: 27863414 PMCID: PMC5347758 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Smoking is associated with the risks of mortality from breast cancer (BC) or all causes in BC survivors. Two-stage dose-response meta-analysis was conducted. A search of PubMed and Embase was performed, and a random-effect model was used to yield summary hazard ratios (HRs). Eleven prospective cohort studies were included. The summary HR per 10 cigarettes/day, 10 pack-years, 10 years increase were 1.10 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.04–1.16), 1.09 (95% CI = 1.06–1.12), 1.10 (95% CI = 1.06–1.14) for BC specific mortality, and 1.15 (95% CI = 1.10–1.19), 1.15 (95% CI = 1.10–1.20), 1.17 (95% CI = 1.11–1.23) for all-cause mortality, respectively. The linear or non-linear associations between smoking and risks of mortality from BC or all causes were revealed. Subgroup analyses suggested a positive association between ever or former smoking and the risk of all-cause mortality in BC patients, especially in high doses consumption. In conclusion, higher smoking intensity, more cumulative amount of cigarettes consumption and longer time for smoking is associated with elevated risk of mortality from BC and all causes in BC individuals. The results regarding smoking cessation and “ever or former” smokers should be treated with caution due to limited studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Wang
- Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Zhuyue Li
- Department of Nursing, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Hongyuan Li
- Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
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Lafourcade A, His M, Baglietto L, Boutron-Ruault MC, Dossus L, Rondeau V. Factors associated with breast cancer recurrences or mortality and dynamic prediction of death using history of cancer recurrences: the French E3N cohort. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:171. [PMID: 29426294 PMCID: PMC5807734 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4076-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In addition to tumor characteristics and lifestyle factors, cancer relapses are often related to the risk of death but have not been jointly studied. We investigate the prognostic factors of recurrent events and death after a diagnosis of breast cancer and predict individual deaths including a history of recurrences. METHODS The E3N (Etude Epidémiologique auprès de Femmes de la Mutuelle Générale de l'Education Nationale) study is a prospective cohort study that was initiated in 1990 to investigate factors associated with the most common types of cancer. Overall survival and three types of recurrent events were considered: locoregional recurrence, metastasis, and second primary breast cancer. Recurrent events and death were analyzed using a joint frailty model. RESULTS The analysis included 4926 women from the E3N cohort diagnosed with a first primary invasive breast cancer between June 1990 and June 2008; during the follow-up, 1334 cases had a recurrence (median time of follow-up is 7.2 years) and 469 women died. Cases with high grade, large tumor size, axillary nodal involvement, and negative estrogen and progesterone receptors had a higher risk of recurrence or death. Furthermore, smoking increased the risk of relapse. For cases with a medium risk profile in terms of tumor characteristics and lifestyle factors, the probability of dying between 5 and 10 years after diagnosis was 6, 20 and 36% for 0, 1 or 2 recurrences within the first 5 years after diagnosis, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our study showed the importance of considering baseline lifestyle characteristics and history of relapses to dynamically predict the risk of death in breast cancer cases. Medical experience coupled with an estimate of a patient's survival probability that considers all available information for this patient would enable physicians to make better informed decisions regarding their actions and thus improve clinical output.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Lafourcade
- Research Center Inserm, U1219 Bordeaux, France
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Mathilde His
- CESP Generations and Health Team, Paris-Saclay University, Paris-Sud Univ, UVSQ, INSERM, Villejuif, France
- Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Laura Baglietto
- CESP Generations and Health Team, Paris-Saclay University, Paris-Sud Univ, UVSQ, INSERM, Villejuif, France
- Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault
- CESP Generations and Health Team, Paris-Saclay University, Paris-Sud Univ, UVSQ, INSERM, Villejuif, France
- Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Laure Dossus
- Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Virginie Rondeau
- Research Center Inserm, U1219 Bordeaux, France
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- Biostatistic Team, INSERM U1219, University of Bordeaux, 146 rue Léo Saignat, CS 61292, F-33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France
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Chen PC, Lee WY, Ling HH, Cheng CH, Chen KC, Lin CW. Activation of fibroblasts by nicotine promotes the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and motility of breast cancer cells. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:4972-4980. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pin-Cyuan Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology; School of Medicine; College of Medicine; Taipei Medical University; Taipei Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences; College of Medicine; Taipei Medical University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ying Lee
- Department of Cytopathology; Chi Mei Medical Center; Tainan Taiwan
- Department of Pathology; School of Medicine; College of Medicine; Taipei Medical University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Hsi Ling
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology; School of Medicine; College of Medicine; Taipei Medical University; Taipei Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences; College of Medicine; Taipei Medical University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hsiung Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology; School of Medicine; College of Medicine; Taipei Medical University; Taipei Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences; College of Medicine; Taipei Medical University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Ku-Chung Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology; School of Medicine; College of Medicine; Taipei Medical University; Taipei Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences; College of Medicine; Taipei Medical University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Wei Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology; School of Medicine; College of Medicine; Taipei Medical University; Taipei Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences; College of Medicine; Taipei Medical University; Taipei Taiwan
- Center for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine; Taipei Medical University; Taipei Taiwan
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Hamer J, Warner E. Lifestyle modifications for patients with breast cancer to improve prognosis and optimize overall health. CMAJ 2017; 189:E268-E274. [PMID: 28246240 DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.160464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Hamer
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ont
| | - Ellen Warner
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ont.
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36
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Parada H, Bradshaw PT, Steck SE, Engel LS, Conway K, Teitelbaum SL, Neugut AI, Santella RM, Gammon MD. Postdiagnosis Changes in Cigarette Smoking and Survival Following Breast Cancer. JNCI Cancer Spectr 2017; 1. [PMID: 29608187 PMCID: PMC5875926 DOI: 10.1093/jncics/pkx001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of this study was to examine whether at-diagnosis smoking and postdiagnosis changes in smoking within five years after breast cancer were associated with long-term all-cause and breast cancer-specific mortality. Methods A population-based cohort of 1508 women diagnosed with first primary in situ or invasive breast cancer in 1996 to 1997 were interviewed shortly after diagnosis and again approximately five years later to assess smoking history. Participants were followed for vital status through December 31, 2014. After 18+ years of follow-up, 597 deaths were identified, 237 of which were breast cancer related. Multivariable Cox regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results Compared with never smokers, risk of all-cause mortality was elevated among the 19% of at-diagnosis smokers (HR = 1.69, 95% CI = 1.36 to 2.11), those who smoked 20 or more cigarettes per day (HR = 1.85, 95% CI = 1.42 to 2.40), women who had smoked for 30 or more years (HR = 1.62, 95% CI = 1.28 to 2.05), and women who had smoked 30 or more pack-years (HR = 1.82, 95% CI = 1.39 to 2.37). Risk of all-cause mortality was further increased among the 8% of women who were at-/postdiagnosis smokers (HR = 2.30, 95% CI = 1.56 to 3.39) but was attenuated among the 11% women who quit smoking after diagnosis (HR = 1.83, 95% CI = 1.32 to 2.52). Compared with never smokers, breast cancer–specific mortality risk was elevated 60% (HR = 1.60, 95% CI = 0.79 to 3.23) among at-/postdiagnosis current smokers, but the confidence interval included the null value and elevated 175% (HR = 2.75, 95% CI = 1.26 to 5.99) when we considered postdiagnosis cumulative pack-years. Conclusions Smoking negatively impacts long-term survival after breast cancer. Postdiagnosis cessation of smoking may reduce the risk of all-cause mortality. Breast cancer survivors may benefit from aggressive smoking cessation programs starting as early as the time of diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humberto Parada
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC (HPJr, LSE, KC, MDG); Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA (PTB); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC (SES); Department of Preventive Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mt. Sinai, New York, NY (SLT); Department of Epidemiology (AIN), Department of Medicine (AIN), and Department of Environmental Health Sciences (RMS), Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Patrick T Bradshaw
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC (HPJr, LSE, KC, MDG); Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA (PTB); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC (SES); Department of Preventive Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mt. Sinai, New York, NY (SLT); Department of Epidemiology (AIN), Department of Medicine (AIN), and Department of Environmental Health Sciences (RMS), Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Susan E Steck
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC (HPJr, LSE, KC, MDG); Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA (PTB); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC (SES); Department of Preventive Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mt. Sinai, New York, NY (SLT); Department of Epidemiology (AIN), Department of Medicine (AIN), and Department of Environmental Health Sciences (RMS), Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Lawrence S Engel
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC (HPJr, LSE, KC, MDG); Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA (PTB); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC (SES); Department of Preventive Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mt. Sinai, New York, NY (SLT); Department of Epidemiology (AIN), Department of Medicine (AIN), and Department of Environmental Health Sciences (RMS), Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Kathleen Conway
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC (HPJr, LSE, KC, MDG); Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA (PTB); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC (SES); Department of Preventive Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mt. Sinai, New York, NY (SLT); Department of Epidemiology (AIN), Department of Medicine (AIN), and Department of Environmental Health Sciences (RMS), Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Susan L Teitelbaum
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC (HPJr, LSE, KC, MDG); Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA (PTB); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC (SES); Department of Preventive Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mt. Sinai, New York, NY (SLT); Department of Epidemiology (AIN), Department of Medicine (AIN), and Department of Environmental Health Sciences (RMS), Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Alfred I Neugut
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC (HPJr, LSE, KC, MDG); Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA (PTB); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC (SES); Department of Preventive Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mt. Sinai, New York, NY (SLT); Department of Epidemiology (AIN), Department of Medicine (AIN), and Department of Environmental Health Sciences (RMS), Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Regina M Santella
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC (HPJr, LSE, KC, MDG); Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA (PTB); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC (SES); Department of Preventive Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mt. Sinai, New York, NY (SLT); Department of Epidemiology (AIN), Department of Medicine (AIN), and Department of Environmental Health Sciences (RMS), Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Marilie D Gammon
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC (HPJr, LSE, KC, MDG); Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA (PTB); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC (SES); Department of Preventive Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mt. Sinai, New York, NY (SLT); Department of Epidemiology (AIN), Department of Medicine (AIN), and Department of Environmental Health Sciences (RMS), Columbia University, New York, NY
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Goldvaser H, Gal O, Rizel S, Hendler D, Neiman V, Shochat T, Sulkes A, Brenner B, Yerushalmi R. The association between smoking and breast cancer characteristics and outcome. BMC Cancer 2017; 17:624. [PMID: 28874120 PMCID: PMC5585941 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-017-3611-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Smoking is associated with an increased incidence of hormone receptor positive breast cancer. Data regarding worse breast cancer outcome in smokers are accumulating. Current literature regarding the impact of smoking on breast cancer characteristics is limited. We evaluated the impact of smoking on breast cancer characteristics and outcome. Methods This was a retrospective single center study. All women diagnosed from 4/2005 through 3/2012 and treated in our institute for early, estrogen receptor positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) negative breast cancer, whose tumors were sent for Oncotype DX analysis were included. Medical records were reviewed for demographics, clinico-pathological parameters, treatment and outcome. Data regarding smoking were retrieved according to patients’ history at the first visit in the oncology clinic. Patients were grouped and compared according to smoking history (ever smokers vs. never smokers), smoking status (current vs. former and never smokers) and smoking intensity (pack years ≥30 vs. the rest of the cohort). Outcomes were adjusted in multivariate analyses and included age, menopausal status, ethnicity, tumor size, nodal status and grade. Results A total of 662 women were included. 28.2% had a history of smoking, 16.6% were current smokers and 11.3% were heavy smokers. Smoking had no impact on tumor size, nodal involvement and Oncotype DX recurrence score. Angiolymphatic and perineural invasion rates were higher in current smokers than in the rest of the cohort (10.4% vs. 5.1%, p = 0.045, 8.3% vs. 3.5%, p = 0.031, respectively). Smoking had no other impact on histological characteristics. Five-year disease free survival and overall survival rates were 95.7% and 98.5%, respectively. Smoking had no impact on outcomes. Adjusted disease free survival and overall survival did not influence the results. Conclusions Smoking had no clinically significant influence on tumor characteristics and outcome among women with estrogen receptor positive, HER2 negative, early breast cancer. As the study was limited to a specific subgroup of the breast cancer population in this heterogeneous disease and since smoking is a modifiable risk factor for the disease, further research is required to clarify the possible impact of smoking on breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadar Goldvaser
- Institute of Oncology, Davidoff Cancer Center, Beilinson Hospital, Rabin Medical Center, 39 Jabotinski St., Petach Tikva, Israel. .,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, POB 39040, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - Omer Gal
- Institute of Oncology, Davidoff Cancer Center, Beilinson Hospital, Rabin Medical Center, 39 Jabotinski St., Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Shulamith Rizel
- Institute of Oncology, Davidoff Cancer Center, Beilinson Hospital, Rabin Medical Center, 39 Jabotinski St., Petach Tikva, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, POB 39040, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Daniel Hendler
- Institute of Oncology, Davidoff Cancer Center, Beilinson Hospital, Rabin Medical Center, 39 Jabotinski St., Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Victoria Neiman
- Institute of Oncology, Davidoff Cancer Center, Beilinson Hospital, Rabin Medical Center, 39 Jabotinski St., Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Tzippy Shochat
- Statistical Consulting Unit, Beilinson Hospital, Rabin Medical Center, 39 Jabotinski St., Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Aaron Sulkes
- Institute of Oncology, Davidoff Cancer Center, Beilinson Hospital, Rabin Medical Center, 39 Jabotinski St., Petach Tikva, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, POB 39040, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Baruch Brenner
- Institute of Oncology, Davidoff Cancer Center, Beilinson Hospital, Rabin Medical Center, 39 Jabotinski St., Petach Tikva, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, POB 39040, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Rinat Yerushalmi
- Institute of Oncology, Davidoff Cancer Center, Beilinson Hospital, Rabin Medical Center, 39 Jabotinski St., Petach Tikva, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, POB 39040, Tel Aviv, Israel
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38
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Heitz AE, Baumgartner RN, Baumgartner KB, Boone SD. Healthy lifestyle impact on breast cancer-specific and all-cause mortality. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2017; 167:171-181. [PMID: 28861753 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-017-4467-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE While several studies have evaluated the association of combined lifestyle factors on breast cancer-specific mortality, few have included Hispanic women. We constructed a "healthy behavior index" (HBI) and evaluated its associations with mortality in non-Hispanic White (NHW) and Hispanic women diagnosed with breast cancer from the southwestern U.S. METHODS Diet and lifestyle questionnaires were analyzed for 837 women diagnosed with invasive breast cancer (1999-2004) in New Mexico as part of the 4-Corners Women's Health Study. An HBI score ranging from 0 to 12 was based on dietary pattern, physical activity, smoking, alcohol consumption, and body size and shape, with increasing scores representing less healthy characteristics. Hazard ratios for mortality over 14 years of follow-up were estimated for HBI quartiles using Cox proportional hazards models adjusting for education and stratified by ethnicity and stage at diagnosis. RESULTS A significant increasing trend was observed across HBI quartiles among all women, NHW women, and those diagnosed with localized or regional/distant stage of disease for all-cause (AC) mortality (p-trend = 0.006, 0.002, 0.03, respectively). AC mortality was increased >2-fold for all women and NHW women in HBI Q4 versus Q1 (HR = 2.18, 2.65, respectively). The association was stronger in women with regional/distant than localized stage of disease (HR = 2.62, 1.94, respectively). Associations for Hispanics or breast cancer-specific mortality were not significant. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate the associations between the HBI and AC mortality, which appear to differ by ethnicity and stage at diagnosis. Interventions for breast cancer survivors should address the combination of lifestyle factors on prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adaline E Heitz
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, School of Public Health and Information Sciences, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, 485 E. Gray St., Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Richard N Baumgartner
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, School of Public Health and Information Sciences, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, 485 E. Gray St., Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Kathy B Baumgartner
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, School of Public Health and Information Sciences, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, 485 E. Gray St., Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Stephanie D Boone
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, School of Public Health and Information Sciences, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, 485 E. Gray St., Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
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Sollie M, Bille C. Smoking and mortality in women diagnosed with breast cancer-a systematic review with meta-analysis based on 400,944 breast cancer cases. Gland Surg 2017; 6:385-393. [PMID: 28861380 DOI: 10.21037/gs.2017.04.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is evident that smoking is causing disease and increased mortality in general. Recently published data are now suggesting that smoking might increase both the overall mortality in women diagnosed with breast cancer but also increase their risk of dying from their breast cancer. METHODS A systematic review and meta-analysis on smoking status in women diagnosed with breast cancer, their mortality rate and cause of death. Based on all cohort studies published within the last ten years. RESULTS Twelve studies met our inclusion criteria, and 400,944 women diagnosed with primary invasive breast cancer was included. Hazard ratio (HR) for breast cancer associated death in former smokers was 1.02 (0.93, 1.12) and for current smokers 1.28 (1.17, 1.41) when compared to never smokers. For all-cause death, the HR for former smokers was 1.12 (1.04, 1.19), and for current smokers 1.52 (1.32, 1.76) when compared to never smokers. CONCLUSIONS This large systematic review and meta-analysis found a 28% increase in breast cancer-associated mortality in those who were current smokers compared to never smokers. The mortality in former smokers was equal to the one found in never smokers. This indicates that breast cancer patients ceasing to smoke can lower their risk of dying from their breast cancer disease dramatically, and possibly regain the risk of a never smoker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Sollie
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Odense University Hospital, Sdr Boulevard 29, 5000 Odense C, Denmark
| | - Camilla Bille
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Odense University Hospital, Sdr Boulevard 29, 5000 Odense C, Denmark
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Duan W, Li S, Meng X, Sun Y, Jia C. Smoking and survival of breast cancer patients: A meta-analysis of cohort studies. Breast 2017; 33:117-124. [DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2017.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Rossi L, Pagani O. Adjuvant Endocrine Therapy in Breast Cancer: Evolving Paradigms in Premenopausal Women. Curr Treat Options Oncol 2017; 18:28. [DOI: 10.1007/s11864-017-0473-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Kispert S, McHowat J. Recent insights into cigarette smoking as a lifestyle risk factor for breast cancer. BREAST CANCER (DOVE MEDICAL PRESS) 2017; 9:127-132. [PMID: 28331363 PMCID: PMC5348072 DOI: 10.2147/bctt.s129746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
There have been many cohort studies published reviewing the epidemiological evidence that links breast cancer to cigarette smoking, yet the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown and research studies are few and incomplete. Although cohort studies are important in establishing a connection between breast cancer and cigarette smoking, basic science research is necessary to prove the relationship and to highlight potential interventions and drug targets that can be used to manage the disease. This subject has been controversial for many decades; however, there has been a recent resurgence in interest because of the widespread acknowledgment of the role lifestyle choices play in cancer development and progression. This review will detail the current statistics associated with cigarette smoking and discuss recent cohort and basic research studies that highlight the association of cigarette smoking and breast cancer initiation and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon Kispert
- Department of Pathology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jane McHowat
- Department of Pathology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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Sun P, Zhang F, Chen C, Ren C, Bi XW, Yang H, An X, Wang FH, Jiang WQ. Prognostic impact of body mass index stratified by smoking status in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Onco Targets Ther 2016; 9:6389-6397. [PMID: 27799787 PMCID: PMC5074733 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s111843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background As smoking affects the body mass index (BMI) and causes the risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), the prognostic impact of BMI in ESCC could be stratified by smoking status. We investigated the true prognostic effect of BMI and its potential modification by smoking status in ESCC. Methods We retrospectively analyzed 459 patients who underwent curative treatment at a single institution between January 2007 and December 2010. BMI was calculated using the measured height and weight before surgery. Chi-square test was used to evaluate the relationships between smoking status and other clinicopathological variables. The Cox proportional hazard models were used for univariate and multivariate analyses of variables related to overall survival. Results BMI <18.5 kg/m2 was a significantly independent predictor of poor survival in the overall population and never smokers after adjusting for covariates, but not in ever smokers. Among never smokers, underweight patients (BMI <18.5 kg/m2) had a 2.218 times greater risk of mortality than non-underweight (BMI ≥18.5 kg/m2) patients (P=0.015). Among ever smokers, BMI <18 kg/m2 increased the risk of mortality to 1.656 (P=0.019), compared to those having BMI ≥18 kg/m2. Conclusion Our study is likely the first to show that the prognostic effect of BMI was substantial in ESCC, even after stratifying by smoking status. Furthermore, the risk of death due to low BMI would be significantly increased in never smokers. We believe that the prognostic impact of BMI is modified but not eliminated by the smoking status in ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center
| | - Fei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center
| | - Cui Chen
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center
| | - Xi-Wen Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center
| | - Hang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center
| | - Xin An
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center
| | - Feng-Hua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center
| | - Wen-Qi Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center
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Brandt J, Borgquist S, Almquist M, Manjer J. Thyroid function and survival following breast cancer. Br J Surg 2016; 103:1649-1657. [DOI: 10.1002/bjs.10284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Revised: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Thyroid function has been associated with breast cancer risk, and breast cancer cell growth and proliferation. It is not clear whether thyroid function affects prognosis following breast cancer but, if so, this could have an important clinical impact. The present study analysed prospectively collected measurements of free tri-iodothyronine (T3), free thyroxine (T4), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPO-Ab) in relation to breast cancer survival.
Methods
The Malmö Diet and Cancer Study is a prospective cohort study of 17 035 women in Sweden. Study enrolment was conducted between 1991 and 1996. Patients with incident breast cancer were identified through record linkage with cancer registries until 31 December 2006. Information on vital status was collected from the Swedish Cause of Death Registry, with the endpoint breast cancer mortality (31 December 2013). Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95 per cent confidence intervals (c.i.) were obtained by Cox proportional hazards analysis.
Results
Some 766 patients with incident breast cancer were identified, of whom 551 were eligible for analysis. Compared with patients in the first free T4 tertile, breast cancer mortality was lower among those in the second tertile (HR 0·49, 95 per cent c.i. 0·28 to 0·84). There was an indication, although non-significant, of lower breast cancer mortality among patients in the second TSH tertile (HR 0·63, 0·37 to 1·09) and in those with positive TPO-Ab status (HR 0·61, 0·30 to 1·23). Free T3 showed no clear association with mortality.
Conclusion
In the present study, there was a positive association between free T4 levels and improved breast cancer survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Brandt
- Department of Surgery, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - S Borgquist
- Division of Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Oncology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - M Almquist
- Department of Surgery, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - J Manjer
- Department of Surgery, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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Modifiable Lifestyle Factors and Triple-negative Breast Cancer Survival: A Population-based Prospective Study. Epidemiology 2016; 26:909-16. [PMID: 26360370 DOI: 10.1097/ede.0000000000000373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Very little is known about the effect of modifiable lifestyle factors on outcomes of triple-negative breast cancer. We examined this association in a population-based prospective cohort study of patients with triple-negative breast cancer. METHODS A total of 518 women with confirmed triple-negative breast cancer, recruited by the Shanghai Breast Cancer Survival Study, completed 6-, 18-, 36-, and 60-month postdiagnosis surveys. We applied Cox proportional hazard models to evaluate the associations. RESULTS The mean age at diagnosis was 53.4 (standard deviation = 10.6) years old. After a median follow-up of 9.1 years (range: 0.6-11.8), 128 deaths and 112 recurrences were documented. Exercise during the first 60 months postdiagnosis was inversely associated with total mortality and recurrence/disease-specific mortality with adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) of 0.67 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.46, 0.96) and 0.58 (95% CI = 0.39, 0.86), respectively. Women with higher exercise-metabolic equivalent scores (≥7.6 metabolic equivalent-hours/week) and longer duration of exercise (≥2.5 hours/week) had lower risk of total and recurrence/disease-specific mortality than did nonexercisers. Compared with nontea drinkers, survival was better among women who were regular tea drinkers during the first 60 months for all cause (HR = 0.57, 95% CI = 0.34, 0.93) and recurrence/disease-specific mortality (HR = 0.54, 95% CI = 0.31, 0.96). There was no dose-response pattern for tea consumption. No interactions were observed for body mass index, menopausal status, and comorbidity. CONCLUSIONS These findings show that postdiagnosis exercise and tea intake were associated with improved survival among women with triple-negative breast cancer.
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Sposto R, Keegan THM, Vigen C, Kwan ML, Bernstein L, John EM, Cheng I, Yang J, Koo J, Kurian AW, Caan BJ, Lu Y, Monroe KR, Shariff-Marco S, Gomez SL, Wu AH. The Effect of Patient and Contextual Characteristics on Racial/Ethnic Disparity in Breast Cancer Mortality. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2016; 25:1064-72. [PMID: 27197297 PMCID: PMC4930680 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-15-1326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Racial/ethnic disparity in breast cancer-specific mortality in the United States is well documented. We examined whether accounting for racial/ethnic differences in the prevalence of clinical, patient, and lifestyle and contextual factors that are associated with breast cancer-specific mortality can explain this disparity. METHODS The California Breast Cancer Survivorship Consortium combined interview data from six California-based breast cancer studies with cancer registry data to create a large, racially diverse cohort of women with primary invasive breast cancer. We examined the contribution of variables in a previously reported Cox regression baseline model plus additional contextual, physical activity, body size, and comorbidity variables to the racial/ethnic disparity in breast cancer-specific mortality. RESULTS The cohort comprised 12,098 women. Fifty-four percent were non-Latina Whites, 17% African Americans, 17% Latinas, and 12% Asian Americans. In a model adjusting only for age and study, breast cancer-specific HRs relative to Whites were 1.69 (95% CI, 1.46-1.96), 1.00 (0.84-1.19), and 0.52 (0.33-0.85) for African Americans, Latinas, and Asian Americans, respectively. Adjusting for baseline-model variables decreased disparity primarily by reducing the HR for African Americans to 1.13 (0.96-1.33). The most influential variables were related to disease characteristics, neighborhood socioeconomic status, and smoking status at diagnosis. Other variables had negligible impact on disparity. CONCLUSIONS Although contextual, physical activity, body size, and comorbidity variables may influence breast cancer-specific mortality, they do not explain racial/ethnic mortality disparity. IMPACT Other factors besides those investigated here may explain the existing racial/ethnic disparity in mortality. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 25(7); 1064-72. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Sposto
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California. Children's Center for Cancer and Blood Diseases, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
| | - Theresa H M Keegan
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento, California
| | - Cheryl Vigen
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Marilyn L Kwan
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California
| | | | - Esther M John
- Cancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, California. Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford, California. Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Iona Cheng
- Cancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, California. Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford, California
| | - Juan Yang
- Cancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, California
| | - Jocelyn Koo
- Cancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, California
| | - Allison W Kurian
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford, California. Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Bette J Caan
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California
| | - Yani Lu
- City of Hope, Duarte, California
| | - Kristine R Monroe
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Salma Shariff-Marco
- Cancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, California. Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford, California. Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Scarlett Lin Gomez
- Cancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, California. Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford, California. Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Anna H Wu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
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Impacts of smoking on endocrine treatment response in a prospective breast cancer cohort. Br J Cancer 2016; 115:382-90. [PMID: 27280635 PMCID: PMC4973149 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2016.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Revised: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between smoking and breast cancer prognosis remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether preoperative smoking was associated with prognosis in different treatment groups. METHODS This population-based cohort consisted of 1065 breast cancer patients without preoperative treatment included between 2002 and 2012 in Lund, Sweden. Smoking status was examined in relation to patient and tumour characteristics, and prognosis in different treatment groups. RESULTS At the preoperative visit, 21.0% smoked. Median follow-up time was 5.1 years. Overall, in the 1016 patients included in the survival analyses, there was no significant association between smoking and risk of breast cancer events (adjusted hazard ratio (adjHR): 1.45; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.95-2.20). For the 309 aromatase inhibitor (AI)-treated patients ⩾50 years with oestrogen receptor-positive (ER+) tumours, smoking was associated with risk of breast cancer events (adjHR: 2.97; 95% CI: 1.44-6.13), distant metastasis (adjHR: 4.19; 95% CI: 1.81-9.72), and death (adjHR: 3.52; 95% CI: 1.59-7.81). Smoking was not associated with breast cancer events or distant metastasis in other treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS Preoperative smoking was only associated with an increased risk for breast cancer events and distant metastasis in AI-treated patients. If confirmed, smoking status should be taken into consideration when selecting an endocrine therapy.
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Gaillot-de-Saintignon J, Deutsch A. [Systematizing support in cessation smoking to improve care for cancer patients]. Bull Cancer 2016; 103:584-93. [PMID: 27233368 DOI: 10.1016/j.bulcan.2016.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Approximately 20% of cancer patients smoke at diagnosis (all localizations included), and over two thirds continue despite the therapeutic management of their cancer, especially when cancer is not associated with tobacco. The impact of smoking on quality of care for patients is actually not enough considered. A literature review conducted by the French National Cancer Institute emphasizes the importance of tobacco cessation to improve the prognosis (decreased mortality from all causes and specific); to reduce the risk of second primary cancers; to reduce per- and post-surgical risks as long as some toxicities related to treatments and to improve the quality of physical and mental life of patients. It is important that a communication with the patient takes place at the beginning of the treatment to impact the smoking behavior. All oncology health professionals should deliver a clearly and personalized cessation advice in the light of scientific data and ensure that smoking cessation help will be offered to the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Gaillot-de-Saintignon
- Institut national du cancer, département prévention, 52, avenue André-Morizet, 92513 Boulogne-Billancourt cedex, France.
| | - Antoine Deutsch
- Institut national du cancer, département prévention, 52, avenue André-Morizet, 92513 Boulogne-Billancourt cedex, France
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Gangler A, Lesur A, Dalenc F. PPAC (programme personnalisé de l’après-cancer) : rationnel et mise en place. ONCOLOGIE 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10269-016-2595-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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50
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Parker BA, Pierce JP. Importance of Smoking Cessation to Reduce Breast Cancer Mortality. J Clin Oncol 2016; 34:1295-6. [PMID: 26951316 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2015.66.0910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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