1
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Ma D, Fukuda H, Sotta N, Fujiwara T. Arabidopsis thaliana RPL13aC affects root system architecture through shoot potassium accumulation. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 116:497-509. [PMID: 37433637 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Plant root system architecture shows complex patterns adapting to different nutritional conditions. In Arabidopsis thaliana, root slanting is a behaviour that is observed when plants are grown on a solid agar plate vertically. However, the regulatory mechanisms of root slanting in response to nutrient conditions are not fully understood. In this study, we found that mutants of A. thaliana ribosome protein RPL13aC, which is expressed in root tips and leaves, exhibit a decreased root-slanting phenotype. Ionomic analysis revealed that rpl13ac mutants have a reduced K content in shoots but not in roots. Because K+ availability has been suggested to affect root coiling, we hypothesized that the decreased root slanting of rpl13ac mutants is caused by the decrease in K content in their shoots. Decapitating shoots or limiting K supply dramatically decreased root slanting in wild-type (WT) plants. We found that the expression of HIGH-AFFINITY K+ TRANSPORTER 5 (HAK5) significantly decreased in the roots of rpl13ac mutants. Mutants of hak5 showed decreased shoot K contents and decreased root slanting, supporting that the decreased shoot K+ accumulation results in less root slanting. K+ replenishment to the shoots of rpl13ac, hak5 mutants and K-starved WT plants recovered their root slanting significantly. These results indicate that plants adjust root slanting in response to K+ accumulation in shoots. Further analysis showed that rpl13ac mutants have abnormal thigmotropic responses, which may be responsible for their defects in root slanting. Altogether, these results revealed K+ -dependent mechanisms that affect root system architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dichao Ma
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Fukuda
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Sotta
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Toru Fujiwara
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
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Upadhyay P, Gupta M, Sra SK, Sharda R, Sharma S, Sardana VK, Akhatar J, Kaur G. Genome wide association studies for acid phosphatase activity at varying phosphorous levels in Brassica juncea L. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1056028. [PMID: 36605963 PMCID: PMC9808407 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1056028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Acid phosphatases (Apases) are an important group of enzymes that hydrolyze soil and plant phosphoesters and anhydrides to release Pi (inorganic phosphate) for plant acquisition. Their activity is strongly correlated to the phosphorus use efficiency (PUE) of plants. Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czern & Coss) is a major oilseed crop that also provides protein for the animal feed industry. It exhibits low PUE. Understanding the genetics of PUE and its component traits, especially Apase activity, will help to reduce Pi fertilizer application in the crop. In the present study, we evaluated 280 genotypes of the diversity fixed foundation set of Indian mustard for Apase activity in the root (RApase) and leaf (LApase) tissues at three- low (5µM), normal (250µM) and high (1mM) Pi levels in a hydroponic system. Substantial effects of genotype and Pi level were observed for Apase activity in both tissues of the evaluated lines. Low Pi stress induced higher mean RApase and LApase activities. However, mean LApase activity was relatively more than mean RApase at all three Pi levels. JM06016, IM70 and Kranti were identified as promising genotypes with higher LApase activity and increased R/S at low Pi. Genome-wide association study revealed 10 and 4 genomic regions associated with RApase and LApase, respectively. Annotation of genomic regions in the vicinity of peak associated SNPs allowed prediction of 15 candidates, including genes encoding different family members of the acid phosphatase such as PAP10 (purple acid phosphatase 10), PAP16, PNP (polynucleotide phosphorylase) and AT5G51260 (HAD superfamily gene, subfamily IIIB acid phosphatase) genes. Our studies provide an understanding of molecular mechanism of the Apase response of B. juncea at varying Pi levels. The identified SNPs and candidate genes will support marker-assisted breeding program for improving PUE in Indian mustard. This will redeem the crop with enhanced productivity under restricted Pi reserves and degrading agro-environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Upadhyay
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Mehak Gupta
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Simarjeet Kaur Sra
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Rakesh Sharda
- Department of Soil & Water Engineering, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Sanjula Sharma
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Virender K. Sardana
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Javed Akhatar
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Gurpreet Kaur
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
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Sampedro-Guerrero J, Vives-Peris V, Gomez-Cadenas A, Clausell-Terol C. Encapsulation Reduces the Deleterious Effects of Salicylic Acid Treatments on Root Growth and Gravitropic Response. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214019. [PMID: 36430498 PMCID: PMC9696185 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of salicylic acid (SA) on plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses is well documented. However, the mechanism by which exogenous SA protects plants and its interactions with other phytohormones remains elusive. SA effect, both free and encapsulated (using silica and chitosan capsules), on Arabidopsis thaliana development was studied. The effect of SA on roots and rosettes was analysed, determining plant morphological characteristics and hormone endogenous levels. Free SA treatment affected length, growth rate, gravitropic response of roots and rosette size in a dose-dependent manner. This damage was due to the increase of root endogenous SA concentration that led to a reduction in auxin levels. The encapsulation process reduced the deleterious effects of free SA on root and rosette growth and in the gravitropic response. Encapsulation allowed for a controlled release of the SA, reducing the amount of hormone available and the uptake by the plant, mitigating the deleterious effects of the free SA treatment. Although both capsules are suitable as SA carrier matrices, slightly better results were found with chitosan. Encapsulation appears as an attractive technology to deliver phytohormones when crops are cultivated under adverse conditions. Moreover, it can be a good tool to perform basic experiments on phytohormone interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimmy Sampedro-Guerrero
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Ciencias Naturales, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castellón de la Plana, Spain
| | - Vicente Vives-Peris
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Ciencias Naturales, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castellón de la Plana, Spain
| | - Aurelio Gomez-Cadenas
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Ciencias Naturales, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castellón de la Plana, Spain
- Correspondence: (A.G.-C.); (C.C.-T.)
| | - Carolina Clausell-Terol
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Instituto Universitario de Tecnología Cerámica, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castellón de la Plana, Spain
- Correspondence: (A.G.-C.); (C.C.-T.)
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4
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Naciri R, Rajib W, Chtouki M, Zeroual Y, Oukarroum A. Potassium and phosphorus content ratio in hydroponic culture affects tomato plant growth and nutrient uptake. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 28:763-774. [PMID: 35592482 PMCID: PMC9110585 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-022-01178-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Mineral nutrient deficiencies induce a cascade of physiological, morphological, and biochemical changes in plants which reduce vegetative growth. In this work, the impact of P and K concentration levels on tomato plant development grown in hydroponic culture was investigated. Root morphology, chlorophyll a fluorescence, phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) content, and shoot and root biomass were analyzed. Root morphology showed significant differences among the plants grown in hydroponic culture with different concentrations of P and K. Plant root/shoot dry biomass ratio decreased by 22 and 35% for P15K0 and P30K0, respectively, compared to the control (P30K232). The deficiency of P and K (individually or both) reduced significantly the root mass density parameter. For example, root mass density decreased by 38% at P15K0 treatment compared to control. Correlation analysis showed that the P and K content ratio in shoot and root was significantly and positively correlated with root volume. Deficiencies in K and P decreased the relative size of the PSI final electron acceptor pool and the electron flow on the acceptor side of PSI. Tomato growth response depend on the availability of P and K, however, interactions between these two nutrients could influence their uptake and utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachida Naciri
- University Mohammed VI Polytechnic (UM6P), Lot-660 Hay Moulay Rachid, 43150 Ben Guerir, Morocco
| | - Wiam Rajib
- University Mohammed VI Polytechnic (UM6P), Lot-660 Hay Moulay Rachid, 43150 Ben Guerir, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Chtouki
- University Mohammed VI Polytechnic (UM6P), Lot-660 Hay Moulay Rachid, 43150 Ben Guerir, Morocco
| | - Youssef Zeroual
- University Mohammed VI Polytechnic (UM6P), Lot-660 Hay Moulay Rachid, 43150 Ben Guerir, Morocco
| | - Abdallah Oukarroum
- University Mohammed VI Polytechnic (UM6P), Lot-660 Hay Moulay Rachid, 43150 Ben Guerir, Morocco
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Kocourková D, Kroumanová K, Podmanická T, Daněk M, Martinec J. Phospholipase Dα1 Acts as a Negative Regulator of High Mg 2+-Induced Leaf Senescence in Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:770794. [PMID: 34899793 PMCID: PMC8656112 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.770794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg2+) is a macronutrient involved in essential cellular processes. Its deficiency or excess is a stress factor for plants, seriously affecting their growth and development and therefore, its accurate regulation is essential. Recently, we discovered that phospholipase Dα1 (PLDα1) activity is vital in the stress response to high-magnesium conditions in Arabidopsis roots. This study shows that PLDα1 acts as a negative regulator of high-Mg2+-induced leaf senescence in Arabidopsis. The level of phosphatidic acid produced by PLDα1 and the amount of PLDα1 in the leaves increase in plants treated with high Mg2+. A knockout mutant of PLDα1 (pldα1-1), exhibits premature leaf senescence under high-Mg2+ conditions. In pldα1-1 plants, higher accumulation of abscisic and jasmonic acid (JA) and impaired magnesium, potassium and phosphate homeostasis were observed under high-Mg2+ conditions. High Mg2+ also led to an increase of starch and proline content in Arabidopsis plants. While the starch content was higher in pldα1-1 plants, proline content was significantly lower in pldα1-1 compared with wild type plants. Our results show that PLDα1 is essential for Arabidopsis plants to cope with the pleiotropic effects of high-Mg2+ stress and delay the leaf senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jan Martinec
- Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
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6
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Dutta S, Na CS, Lee YH. Features of Bacterial Microbiota in the Wild Habitat of Pulsatilla tongkangensis, the Endangered "Long-Sepal Donggang Pasque-Flower Plant," Endemic to Karst Topography of Korea. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:656105. [PMID: 34305828 PMCID: PMC8297415 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.656105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbes associated with plants significantly influence the development and health of the plants. The diversity and function of microbiomes associated with the long-sepal Donggang pasque-flower (DPF) plant, an endemic and endangered species in karst ecosystems, remain unexplored. In this study, we investigated the features of bacterial communities associated with the rhizosphere and roots of DPF plants and their functions in plant growth promotion. The DPF plants were collected from natural and cultivated habitats, and their 16S rDNA was sequenced to assess the bacterial community structures. The bacterial microbiota was more diverse in wild than in cultivated plants. The core bacterial microbiota commonly functioned as endophytes in both wild and cultivated DPF plants, although there were some differences. The identified bacterial strains benefited plants through nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, or phytohormone production, inducing measurable growth differences in Arabidopsis thaliana. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to report the bacterial community structures associated with the rhizosphere soil and roots of DPF plants in karst ecosystems. The bacterial strains isolated in this study could be used to aid sustainable growth and restoration of rare plants in karst ecosystems. Our systematic research on the microbiomes associated with these endangered plants will contribute to their conservation as well as development of better cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swarnalee Dutta
- Division of Biotechnology, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Chae Sun Na
- Seed Viability Research Team, Baekdudaegan National Arboretum, Bonghwa-gun, South Korea
| | - Yong Hoon Lee
- Division of Biotechnology, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, South Korea.,Plant Medical Research Center, Advanced Institute of Environment and Bioscience, and Institute of Bio-industry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
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7
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Carneiro JSDS, Ribeiro ICA, Nardis BO, Barbosa CF, Lustosa Filho JF, Melo LCA. Long-term effect of biochar-based fertilizers application in tropical soil: Agronomic efficiency and phosphorus availability. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 760:143955. [PMID: 33341614 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Incorporation of phosphorus (P) into an organic matrix may be an effective strategy to increase plant P use efficiency in high P-fixing soils. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of biochar-based fertilizers (BBFs), produced from poultry litter (PLB) and coffee husk (CHB) enriched with phosphoric acid and magnesium oxide, in combination with triple superphosphate (TSP) on plant growth and soil P transformations. Treatments were prepared as: TSP, CHB, PLB, CHB + TSP [1:1], CHB + TSP [3:1], PLB + TSP [1:1] and PLB + TSP [3:1]; with numbers in brackets representing the proportion of BBF and TSP on a weight basis. Cultivations were: Mombasa grass, maize, and common bean interspersed with fallow periods. After cultivations, a sequential extraction procedure was employed to determine P distribution among different P pools. A kinetic study was performed and revealed that TSP released approximately 90% of total P, and BBFs less than 10% in the first hour. BBF alone or in combination with TSP presented higher or similar biomass yields, relative agronomic effectiveness, and P uptake when compared with TSP. As for the soil, BBFs increased non-labile P fractions, which can be due to pyrophosphate formed during pyrolysis. According to these results, BBFs could totally or partially replace conventional soluble P fertilizers without compromising crop yield either in the short and long-term.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bárbara Olinda Nardis
- Federal University of Lavras, Soil Science Department, Lavras 37200-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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8
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Ishfaq M, Zhong Y, Wang Y, Li X. Magnesium Limitation Leads to Transcriptional Down-Tuning of Auxin Synthesis, Transport, and Signaling in the Tomato Root. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:802399. [PMID: 35003191 PMCID: PMC8733655 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.802399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg) deficiency is becoming a widespread limiting factor for crop production. How crops adapt to Mg limitation remains largely unclear at the molecular level. Using hydroponic-cultured tomato seedlings, we found that total Mg2+ content significantly decreased by ∼80% under Mg limitation while K+ and Ca2+ concentrations increased. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that Mg transporters (MRS2/MGTs) constitute a previously uncharacterized 3-clade tree in planta with two rounds of asymmetric duplications, providing evolutionary evidence for further molecular investigation. In adaptation to internal Mg deficiency, the expression of six representative MGTs (two in the shoot and four in the root) was up-regulated in Mg-deficient plants. Contradictory to the transcriptional elevation of most of MGTs, Mg limitation resulted in the ∼50% smaller root system. Auxin concentrations particularly decreased by ∼23% in the Mg-deficient root, despite the enhanced accumulation of gibberellin, cytokinin, and ABA. In accordance with such auxin reduction was overall transcriptional down-regulation of thirteen genes controlling auxin biosynthesis (TAR/YUCs), transport (LAXs, PINs), and signaling (IAAs, ARFs). Together, systemic down-tuning of gene expression in the auxin signaling pathway under Mg limitation preconditions a smaller tomato root system, expectedly stimulating MGT transcription for Mg uptake or translocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ishfaq
- Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Education, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanting Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Education, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Department of Vegetable Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yongqi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Education, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuexian Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Education, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Xuexian Li,
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9
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Zhao Z, Wang S, White PJ, Wang Y, Shi L, Xu F. Boron and Phosphorus Act Synergistically to Modulate Absorption and Distribution of Phosphorus and Growth of Brassica napus. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:7830-7838. [PMID: 32614576 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c02522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) is highly susceptible to boron (B) and phosphorus (P) deficiencies, yet knowledge of how these two essential elements interact to contribute to plant growth and crop yield is limited. To this end, a pot experiment with three P application rates (5, 75, and 150 mg P2O5 kg-1 dry soil) and two B application rates (0.25 and 1 mg B kg-1 dry soil) was conducted. The results showed that high P combined with high B optimized plant growth and facilitated P distribution forward to seeds compared with high P and low B combination at the maturity stage. Under low P conditions, low B supply was more beneficial for P absorption at seedling and bolting stages and increased P distribution ratio in seeds at the maturity stage, resulting in higher photosynthetic efficiency and growth parameters than low P and high B combination. Interestingly, high B supply could upregulate the expression of the P-starvation-induced gene BnaC3.SPX3 and P transport genes in roots under low P conditions, so low B-facilitated P absorption appears to be a BnaPHT1s-independent process. Significant differences of B and P interaction on the seed yield, net photosynthetic rate, and total P absorption and distribution at the maturity stage between two cultivars might reflect the distinct genotypic properties. Overall, our findings highlight the importance of balanced B and P nutrition which acts synergistically to modulate growth and yield formation of B. napus either in nutrition deficiency or sufficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Microelement Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Sheliang Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Microelement Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Philip John White
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Microelement Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, U.K
| | - Youqiang Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Microelement Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Lei Shi
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Microelement Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Fangsen Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Microelement Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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10
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Qin J, Wang H, Cao H, Chen K, Wang X. Combined effects of phosphorus and magnesium on mycorrhizal symbiosis through altering metabolism and transport of photosynthates in soybean. MYCORRHIZA 2020; 30:285-298. [PMID: 32296944 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-020-00955-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis plays crucial roles in plant nutrient uptake. However, little is known about the combined effects of phosphorus (P) and magnesium (Mg) on mycorrhizal symbiosis. In the present study, a pot experiment was carried out using two soybean genotypes in the presence or absence of Rhizophagus irregularis inoculation under different P and Mg conditions. The results showed that plant growth promotion by mycorrhizal symbiosis was associated with P-starved nutrition status, high Mg supply augmented the efficiency of AM symbiosis in low P, and high Mg relieved the inhibitory effect of high P availability on AM symbiosis. The P-efficient genotype HN89 was more responsive to Mg application than the P-inefficient genotype HN112 when inoculated with Rhizophagus irregularis. The results from a comparative RNA sequencing analysis of the root transcriptomes showed that several carbon metabolism pathways were enriched in mycorrhizal roots in low P plus high Mg. Accordingly, the expression levels of the key genes related to carbon metabolism and transport were also upregulated in mycorrhizal roots. Conversely, the Mg-deficient mycorrhizal plants showed increased sucrose, glucose, and fructose accumulations in shoots. Overall, the results herein demonstrate that P and Mg interactively affect mycorrhizal responses in plants, and high Mg supply has a profound effect on P-starved mycorrhizal plant growth through promotion of photosynthate metabolism and transport in soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinzhuan Qin
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Root Biology Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Huicong Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Huayuan Cao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Root Biology Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Kang Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Root Biology Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xiurong Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
- Root Biology Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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11
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Lustosa Filho JF, Carneiro JSDS, Barbosa CF, de Lima KP, Leite ADA, Melo LCA. Aging of biochar-based fertilizers in soil: Effects on phosphorus pools and availability to Urochloa brizantha grass. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 709:136028. [PMID: 31905590 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Water-soluble phosphate fertilizers release phosphorus (P) to soils promptly, causing P fixation and low plant availability in highly weathered tropical soils. Therefore, the development of strategies to improve P use efficiency is needed. We hypothesized that biochar-based fertilizers (BBFs) can provide available P to plants and improve P use efficiency when compared with soluble fertilizers. Thus, triple superphosphate (TSP) and phosphoric acid (H3PO4) were pyrolyzed with and without magnesium oxide (MgO) and poultry litter to produce slow-release P BBFs. A pot experiment under greenhouse conditions was performed to evaluate agronomic efficiency of BBFs compared with TSP in an Oxisol. The treatments were incubated over 100 days after the application of 25, 50, 100, and 200 mg kg-1 of P. Three controls were used, including 200 mg kg-1 of P as TSP incubated for 100 days (named TSPincubation) and applied immediately before sowing (named TSPplanting) and a negative control (without P). Marandu grass (Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu) was cultivated in pots for three cycles of 40 days each. After cultivation, a sequential extraction procedure was used to determine the P distribution among different P pools. The shoot dry matter yield in the first cropping cycle was higher at the highest P rate for TSPplanting. PLB-H3PO4-MgO showed 9% increase in the shoot dry matter when compared with TSPincubation in the first cropping cycle. In subsequent cropping cycles, all BBFs promoted higher biomass yield when compared with TSPplanting. There was an increase in the labile and moderately labile P fractions in soil after cultivation with PLB-TSP. The results suggest that BBFs can enhance P use efficiency in tropical soils in the middle- to long-term run due to slow-release profile that prevent P fixation and promote higher residual effect of fertilization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Kelly Pereira de Lima
- Department of Statistics, Federal University of Lavras, 37200-000 Lavras, MG, Brazil
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12
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Hashem A, Kumar A, Al-Dbass AM, Alqarawi AA, Al-Arjani ABF, Singh G, Farooq M, Abd_Allah EF. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and biochar improves drought tolerance in chickpea. Saudi J Biol Sci 2019; 26:614-624. [PMID: 30899180 PMCID: PMC6408710 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2018.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculation and biochar amendment has been reported to improve growth of several crop plants however their role in stress amelioration individually as well as in combination has not been worked out. This experiment was conducted to evaluate the application of AMF and biochar on the performance of chickpea under drought stress. The treatments included the individual as well as combined treatment of AMF and biochar to drought stressed and normal chickpea plants. Plants inoculation improved growth in terms of shoot and root length, leaf area and number of branches which was observed to show a steep decline due to drought stress. Drought declined the AMF colonization potential though biochar amendment ameliorated the negative effects of drought significantly by improving the spore population, number of mycelium, vesicle and arbuscules and the percentage of colonization as well. Increased chlorophyll synthesis in biochar and AMF treated plants was obvious, which lead to significant enhancement in the net photosynthetic efficiency. Drought stress also declined the relative water content (RWC) and membrane stability index (MSI), while treatment of biochar and AMF either individually or in combination mitigated the deleterious effects to considerable extent and caused a significant enhancement in RWC and MSI under normal conditions. Amendments with biochar and AMF inoculation increased the nitrogen fixation attributes including the number and weight of nodules, leghemoglobin content and activity of nitrate reductase enzyme leading to greater uptake and assimilation of nitrogen in them when compared to drought stressed plants. Drought stressed chickpea plants exhibited considerable reduction in uptake of nitrogen and phosphorous which was ameliorated by biochar and AMF treatments. It could be suggested that increase in growth and physiological attributes in chickpea due to biochar amendments and AMF inoculation under drought stress were plausibly due to their involvement in nitrogen and phosphorous uptake, chlorophyll synthesis and photosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer Hashem
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box. 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Mycology and Plant Disease Survey Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute, ARC, Giza 12511, Egypt
| | - Ashwani Kumar
- Metagenomics and Secretomics Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, Dr. Harisingh Gour University (A Central University), Sagar, M.P. 470003, India
| | - Abeer M. Al-Dbass
- Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box. 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz A. Alqarawi
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box. 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Al-Bandari Fahad Al-Arjani
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box. 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Garima Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Aizawl, Mizoram University, Mizoram, India
| | - Muhammad Farooq
- Department of Crop Sciences, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Al-Khoud 123, Oman
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture and School of Agriculture & Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6001, Australia
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Elsayed Fathi Abd_Allah
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box. 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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13
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Zhang L, Qin LN, Zeng ZR, Wu CZ, Gong YY, Liu LH, Cao FQ. Molecular identification of a root apical cell-specific and stress-responsive enhancer from an Arabidopsis enhancer trap line. PLANT METHODS 2019; 15:8. [PMID: 30733820 PMCID: PMC6354418 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-019-0393-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant root apex is the major part to direct the root growth and development by responding to various signals/cues from internal and soil environments. To study and understand root system biology particularly at a molecular and cellular level, an Arabidopsis T-DNA insertional enhancer trap line J3411 expressing reporters (GFP) only in the root tip was adopted in this study to isolate a DNA fragment. RESULTS Using nested PCR, DNA sequencing and sequence homology search, the T-DNA insertion site(s) and its flanking genes were characterised in J3411 line. Subsequently, a 2000 bp plant DNA-fragment (Ertip1) upstream of the insert position of the coding T-DNA was in silico analysed, revealing certain putative promoter/enhancer cis-regulatory elements. Cloning and transformation of this DNA fragment and its truncated segments tagged with or without 35S minimal promoter (35Smini), all of which were fused with a GFP or GUS reporter, allowed to detect GFP and GUS expression mediated only by Ertip1 + 35mini (PErtip1+35Smini) specifically in the Arabidopsis root tip region. The PErtip1+35Smini activity was further tested to be strong and stable under many different growth conditions but suppressed by cold, salt, alkaline pH and higher ammonium and phosphorus. CONCLUSION This work describes a promising strategy to isolate a tissue-/cell-specific enhancer sequence from the enhancer trap lines, which are publically available. The reported synthetic promoter i.e. PErtip1+35Smini may provide a valuable and potent molecular-tool for comprehensive investigation of a gene function related to root growth and development as well as molecular engineering of root-architectural formation aiming to improve plant growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- 1Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interaction, MOE, Center for Resources, Environment and Food Security, College Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Li-Na Qin
- 1Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interaction, MOE, Center for Resources, Environment and Food Security, College Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
- Zhaoyuan Agricultural Technology Extension Centre, Zhaoyuan, 265400 Shandong China
| | - Zi-Rui Zeng
- 1Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interaction, MOE, Center for Resources, Environment and Food Security, College Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Chang-Zheng Wu
- 1Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interaction, MOE, Center for Resources, Environment and Food Security, College Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Yuan-Yong Gong
- 1Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interaction, MOE, Center for Resources, Environment and Food Security, College Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
- 3Key Laboratory of Cotton and Rapeseed, Ministry of Agriculture, The Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014 China
| | - Lai-Hua Liu
- 1Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interaction, MOE, Center for Resources, Environment and Food Security, College Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Feng-Qiu Cao
- 4Shanghai Centre for Plant Stress Biology of Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201602 China
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14
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Abstract
Regulation of plant root angle is critical for obtaining nutrients and water and is an important trait for plant breeding. A plant’s final, long-term root angle is the net result of a complex series of decisions made by a root tip in response to changes in nutrient availability, impediments, the gravity vector and other stimuli. When a root tip is displaced from the gravity vector, the short-term process of gravitropism results in rapid reorientation of the root toward the vertical. Here, we explore both short- and long-term regulation of root growth angle, using natural variation in tomato to identify shared and separate genetic features of the two responses. Mapping of expression quantitative trait loci mapping and leveraging natural variation between and within species including Arabidopsis suggest a role for PURPLE ACID PHOSPHATASE 27 and CELL DIVISION CYCLE 73 in determining root angle.
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15
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Niu Y, Chen P, Zhang Y, Wang Z, Hu S, Jin G, Tang C, Guo L. Natural variation among Arabidopsis thaliana accessions in tolerance to high magnesium supply. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13640. [PMID: 30206317 PMCID: PMC6134027 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31950-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
High magnesium (Mg2+) in some extreme serpentine soils or semi-arid regions is an important factor affecting crop growth and development. Specific loci that form the genetic framework underlying high Mg2+ homeostasis, however, are not well understood. By using GWA mapping on 388 accessions of Arabidopsis thaliana selected from a worldwide collection and genotyped at approximately 250,00 SNPs, we successfully identified 109 and 74 putative genetic regions associated in nutrient traits under normal (1,000 µM) and high Mg2+ (10,000 µM), respectively. Above 90% SNPs associated with nutrients including Mg2+ and only two SNPs shared between normal and high Mg2+. A single strong peak of SNPs associated with Ca concentration corresponding to candidate gene At1g60420 ARABIDOPSIS NUCLEOREDOXIN (AtNRX1) under high Mg2+ was further determined. Compared with wildtype, mutants of Atnrx1-1 and Atnrx1-2 supplied with high Mg2+ had higher Ca concentrations in the plant, and higher cytosolic Ca2+ concentrations during root elongation, as well as higher fresh weight and lateral-root number. This suggests that AtNRX1 was a critical gene negatively regulating Ca uptake under high Mg2+ conditions. The discovery could help to breed/select crops that can adapt to high-Mg2+ soils such as serpentine soils (high ratio of Mg2+: Ca2+) or Mars soil with high levels of magnesium sulfate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaofang Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Ping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Zhongwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Shikai Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Gulei Jin
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
| | - Caixian Tang
- Centre for AgriBioscience, La Trobe University, Melbourne Campus, Vic, 3086, Australia
| | - Longbiao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China.
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16
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Egamberdieva D, Jabborova D, Wirth SJ, Alam P, Alyemeni MN, Ahmad P. Interactive Effects of Nutrients and Bradyrhizobium japonicum on the Growth and Root Architecture of Soybean ( Glycine max L.). Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1000. [PMID: 29875740 PMCID: PMC5974200 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the symbiotic performance of rhizobia and responses of plant root systems to mineral nutrient supply will facilitate the development of strategies to enhance effective rhizobia-legume symbioses. Interactive effect of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and magnesium (Mg) on the symbiotic performance of soybean (Glycine max L.) with Bradyrhizobium japonicum, nodulation, root architecture, and the N concentration in plant tissue under hydroponic conditions were studied. Plant growth was significantly higher under a high N supply combined with Mg (HNHMg) than in combination with P (HNHP), which was attributed to the interaction between N and Mg ions. The plants grown at a low N concentration combined with either high or low P or Mg (LNHP, LNHMg, LNLP, and LNLMg) showed a higher nodule dry weight compared to those grown under a high N supply. We observed that the N content in the roots and shoots of soybean plants was significantly lower under LNHP or LNLP, but it was higher under HNHMg or LNHMg, indicating that Mg promotes N acquisition by the plant tissues. Neither root nor shoot growth responded significantly to P availability regardless of the N supply. We observed significant positive relationships between the number of nodules, the N content in plant tissues and the root system architecture of soybean plants grown with a variable supply of Mg combined with N, which highlights the importance of N and Mg availability in the growth medium in regulating root system architecture and nodule formation. The number of rhizobial cells colonizing soybean roots was highest under the HNHMg treatment (6.78 × 104 CFUs/cm of root tip), followed by the HNLMg (4.72 × 104 CFUs/cm of root tip) and LNHMg (4.10 × 104 CFU/cm of root tip) treatments, and lowest under the LNLMg (1.84 × 104 CFUs/cm of root tip) nutrient conditions. The results of this study contribute to new insights for the improvement of the root system and the symbiotic performance of rhizobia inoculated on legumes, stressing the importance of a balanced supply of nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dilfuza Jabborova
- Institute of Genetics and Plant Experimental Biology, Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Stephan J. Wirth
- Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Müncheberg, Germany
| | - Pravej Alam
- Biology Department, College of Science and Humanities, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed N. Alyemeni
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Botany, S.P. College, Srinagar, India
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17
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van den Berg T, Korver RA, Testerink C, Ten Tusscher KHWJ. Modeling halotropism: a key role for root tip architecture and reflux loop remodeling in redistributing auxin. Development 2016; 143:3350-62. [PMID: 27510970 PMCID: PMC5047658 DOI: 10.1242/dev.135111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A key characteristic of plant development is its plasticity in response to various and dynamically changing environmental conditions. Tropisms contribute to this flexibility by allowing plant organs to grow from or towards environmental cues. Halotropism is a recently described tropism in which plant roots bend away from salt. During halotropism, as in most other tropisms, directional growth is generated through an asymmetric auxin distribution that generates differences in growth rate and hence induces bending. Here, we develop a detailed model of auxin transport in the Arabidopsis root tip and combine this with experiments to investigate the processes generating auxin asymmetry during halotropism. Our model points to the key role of root tip architecture in allowing the decrease in PIN2 at the salt-exposed side of the root to result in a re-routing of auxin to the opposite side. In addition, our model demonstrates how feedback of auxin on the auxin transporter AUX1 amplifies this auxin asymmetry, while a salt-induced transient increase in PIN1 levels increases the speed at which this occurs. Using AUX1-GFP imaging and pin1 mutants, we experimentally confirmed these model predictions, thus expanding our knowledge of the cellular basis of halotropism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thea van den Berg
- Theoretical Biology, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ruud A Korver
- Plant Cell Biology, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Christa Testerink
- Plant Cell Biology, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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18
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Zhu C, Yang N, Guo Z, Qian M, Gan L. An ethylene and ROS-dependent pathway is involved in low ammonium-induced root hair elongation in Arabidopsis seedlings. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2016; 105:37-44. [PMID: 27074220 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Revised: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Root hairs are plastic in response to nutrient supply, but relatively little is known about their development under low ammonium (NH4(+)) conditions. This study showed that reducing NH4(+) for 3 days in wild-type Arabidopsis seedlings resulted in drastic elongation of root hairs. To investigate the possible mediation of ethylene and auxin in this process, seedlings were treated with 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA, auxin transport inhibitor), 1-naphthylphthalamic acid (NPA, auxin transport inhibitor), p-chlorophenoxy isobutyric acid (PCIB, auxin action inhibitor), aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG, chemical inhibitor of ethylene biosynthesis), or silver ions (Ag(+), ethylene perception antagonist) under low NH4(+) conditions. Our results showed that TIBA, NPA and PCIB did not inhibit root hair elongation under low NH4(+) conditions, while AVG and Ag(+) completely inhibited low NH4(+)-induced root hair elongation. This suggested that low NH4(+)-induced root hair elongation was dependent on the ethylene pathway, but not the auxin pathway. Further genetic studies revealed that root hair elongation in auxin-insensitive mutants was sensitive to low NH4(+) treatment, but elongation was less sensitive in ethylene-insensitive mutants than wild-type plants. In addition, low NH4(+)-induced root hair elongation was accompanied by reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. Diphenylene iodonium (DPI, NADPH oxidase inhibitor) and dimethylthiourea (DMTU, ROS scavenger) inhibited low NH4(+)-induced root hair elongation, suggesting that ROS were involved in this process. Moreover, ethylene acted together with ROS to modulate root hair elongation under low NH4(+) conditions. These results demonstrate that a signaling pathway involving ethylene and ROS participates in regulation of root hair elongation when Arabidopsis seedlings are subjected to low NH4(+) conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhua Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Na Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhengfei Guo
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Meng Qian
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Lijun Gan
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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19
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Hue I. Determinant molecular markers for peri-gastrulating bovine embryo development. Reprod Fertil Dev 2016; 28:51-65. [DOI: 10.1071/rd15355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Peri-gastrulation defines the time frame between blastocyst formation and implantation that also corresponds in cattle to elongation, pregnancy recognition and uterine secretion. Optimally, this developmental window prepares the conceptus for implantation, placenta formation and fetal development. However, this is a highly sensitive period, as evidenced by the incidence of embryo loss or early post-implantation mortality after AI, embryo transfer or somatic cell nuclear transfer. Elongation markers have often been used within this time frame to assess developmental defects or delays, originating either from the embryo, the uterus or the dam. Comparatively, gastrulation markers have not received great attention, although elongation and gastrulation are linked by reciprocal interactions at the molecular and cellular levels. To make this clearer, this peri-gastrulating period is described herein with a focus on its main developmental landmarks, and the resilience of the landmarks in the face of biotechnologies is questioned.
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