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Xie M, Ding A, Guo Y, Sun J, Qiu W, Chen M, Li Z, Li S, Zhou G, Xu Y, Wang M, Richel A, Gong D, Kong Y. The transcription factors ZAT5 and BLH2/4 regulate homogalacturonan demethylesterification in Arabidopsis seed coat mucilage. THE PLANT CELL 2024; 36:4491-4510. [PMID: 39038209 PMCID: PMC11449064 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koae209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
The level of methylesterification alters the functional properties of pectin, which is believed to influence plant growth and development. However, the mechanisms that regulate demethylesterification remain largely unexplored. Pectin with a high degree of methylesterification is produced in the Golgi apparatus and then transferred to the primary cell wall where it is partially demethylesterified by pectin methylesterases (PMEs). Here, we show that in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) seed mucilage, pectin demethylesterification is negatively regulated by the transcription factor ZINC FINGER FAMILY PROTEIN5 (ZAT5). Plants carrying null mutations in ZAT5 had increased PME activity, decreased pectin methylesterification, and produced seeds with a thinner mucilage layer. We provide evidence that ZAT5 binds to a TGATCA motif and thereby negatively regulates methylesterification by reducing the expression of PME5, HIGHLY METHYL ESTERIFIED SEEDS (HMS)/PME6, PME12, and PME16. We also demonstrate that ZAT5 physically interacts with BEL1-LIKE HOMEODOMAIN2 (BLH2) and BLH4 transcription factors. BLH2 and BLH4 are known to modulate pectin demethylesterification by directly regulating PME58 expression. The ZAT5-BLH2/4 interaction provides a mechanism to control the degree of pectin methylesterification in seed coat mucilage by modifying each transcription factor's ability to regulate the expression of target genes encoding PMEs. Taken together, these findings reveal a transcriptional regulatory module comprising ZAT5, BLH2, and BLH4, that functions in modulating the demethylesterification of homogalacturonan in seed coat mucilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minmin Xie
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Gene Resources, Biotechnology Center, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Qingdao 266101, China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing 100081, China
- Laboratory of Biomass and Green Technologies, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, Gembloux 5030, Belgium
| | - Anming Ding
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Gene Resources, Biotechnology Center, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Yongfeng Guo
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Gene Resources, Biotechnology Center, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Jinhao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Gene Resources, Biotechnology Center, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Qingdao 266101, China
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Jiangsu Industrial Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210019, China
| | - Wanya Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Gene Resources, Biotechnology Center, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Qingdao 266101, China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Products Synthetic Biology of Ethnic Medicinal Endophytes, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650031, China
| | - Mingli Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Gene Resources, Biotechnology Center, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Zhiyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Gene Resources, Biotechnology Center, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Gene Resources, Biotechnology Center, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Qingdao 266101, China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Products Synthetic Biology of Ethnic Medicinal Endophytes, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650031, China
| | - Gongke Zhou
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Engineering Research Center of Biomass Resources and Environment, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Gene Resources, Biotechnology Center, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Qingdao 266101, China
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Aurore Richel
- Laboratory of Biomass and Green Technologies, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, Gembloux 5030, Belgium
| | - Daping Gong
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Gene Resources, Biotechnology Center, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Yingzhen Kong
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Gene Resources, Biotechnology Center, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Qingdao 266101, China
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
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Cheng L, Zhao S, Li F, Ni X, Yang N, Yu J, Wang X. Overexpression of EgrZFP6 from Eucalyptus grandis increases ROS levels by downregulating photosynthesis in plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 214:108972. [PMID: 39067106 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
In plants, abiotic stressors are frequently encountered during growth and development. To counteract these challenges, zinc finger proteins play a critical role as transcriptional regulators. The EgrZFP6 gene, which codes for a zinc finger protein of the C2H2 type, was shown to be considerably elevated in the leaves of Eucalyptus grandis seedlings in the current study when they were subjected to a variety of abiotic stimuli, including heat, salinity, cold, and drought. Analysis conducted later showed that in EgrZFP6 transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana, EgrZFP6 was essential for causing hyponastic leaves and controlling the stress response. Furthermore, the transgenic plants showed elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Additionally, in EgrZFP6-overexpressing plants, transcriptome sequencing analysis demonstrated a considerable downregulation of many genes involved in photosynthesis, decreasing electron transport efficiency and perhaps promoting the buildup of ROS. Auxin levels were higher and auxin signal transduction was compromised in the transgenic plants. Stress-related genes were also upregulated in Arabidopsis as a result of EgrZFP6 overexpression. It is hypothesized that EgrZFP6 can downregulate photosynthesis, which would cause the production of ROS in chloroplasts. As a result, this protein may alter plant stress responses and leaf morphology via a retrograde mechanism driven by ROS. These results highlight the significance of zinc finger proteins in this sophisticated process and advance our understanding of the complex link between gene regulation, ROS signaling, and plant stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longjun Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, China.
| | - Shuang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, China
| | - Fangyan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, China
| | - Xiaoxiang Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, China
| | - Ning Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, China
| | - Jianfeng Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, China
| | - Xiaofei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, China.
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Wang D, Qiu Z, Xu T, Yao S, Chen M, Li Q, Agassin RH, Ji K. Transcriptomic Identification of Potential C2H2 Zinc Finger Protein Transcription Factors in Pinus massoniana in Response to Biotic and Abiotic Stresses. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8361. [PMID: 39125930 PMCID: PMC11312842 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Biotic and abiotic stresses have already seriously restricted the growth and development of Pinus massoniana, thereby influencing the quality and yield of its wood and turpentine. Recent studies have shown that C2H2 zinc finger protein transcription factors play an important role in biotic and abiotic stress response. However, the members and expression patterns of C2H2 TFs in response to stresses in P. massoniana have not been performed. In this paper, 57 C2H2 zinc finger proteins of P. massoniana were identified and divided into five subgroups according to a phylogenetic analysis. In addition, six Q-type PmC2H2-ZFPs containing the plant-specific motif 'QALGGH' were selected for further study under different stresses. The findings demonstrated that PmC2H2-ZFPs exhibit responsiveness towards various abiotic stresses, including drought, NaCl, ABA, PEG, H2O2, etc., as well as biotic stress caused by the pine wood nematode. In addition, PmC2H2-4 and PmC2H2-20 were nuclear localization proteins, and PmC2H2-20 was a transcriptional activator. PmC2H2-20 was selected as a potential transcriptional regulator in response to various stresses in P. massoniana. These findings laid a foundation for further study on the role of PmC2H2-ZFPs in stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengbao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (D.W.); (Z.Q.); (T.X.); (S.Y.); (M.C.); (Q.L.); (R.H.A.)
- Key Open Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Gene Engineering of National Forestry & Grassland Administration, Nanjing 210037, China
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Zimo Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (D.W.); (Z.Q.); (T.X.); (S.Y.); (M.C.); (Q.L.); (R.H.A.)
- Key Open Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Gene Engineering of National Forestry & Grassland Administration, Nanjing 210037, China
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Tao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (D.W.); (Z.Q.); (T.X.); (S.Y.); (M.C.); (Q.L.); (R.H.A.)
- Key Open Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Gene Engineering of National Forestry & Grassland Administration, Nanjing 210037, China
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Sheng Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (D.W.); (Z.Q.); (T.X.); (S.Y.); (M.C.); (Q.L.); (R.H.A.)
- Key Open Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Gene Engineering of National Forestry & Grassland Administration, Nanjing 210037, China
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Meijing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (D.W.); (Z.Q.); (T.X.); (S.Y.); (M.C.); (Q.L.); (R.H.A.)
- Key Open Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Gene Engineering of National Forestry & Grassland Administration, Nanjing 210037, China
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Qianzi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (D.W.); (Z.Q.); (T.X.); (S.Y.); (M.C.); (Q.L.); (R.H.A.)
- Key Open Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Gene Engineering of National Forestry & Grassland Administration, Nanjing 210037, China
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Romaric Hippolyte Agassin
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (D.W.); (Z.Q.); (T.X.); (S.Y.); (M.C.); (Q.L.); (R.H.A.)
- Key Open Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Gene Engineering of National Forestry & Grassland Administration, Nanjing 210037, China
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Kongshu Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (D.W.); (Z.Q.); (T.X.); (S.Y.); (M.C.); (Q.L.); (R.H.A.)
- Key Open Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Gene Engineering of National Forestry & Grassland Administration, Nanjing 210037, China
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
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Liu H, Liu Y, Liu F, Zeng L, Xu Y, Jin Q, Wang Y. Genome-wide identification of the Q-type C2H2 zinc finger protein gene family and expression analysis under abiotic stress in lotus (Nelumbo nucifera G.). BMC Genomics 2024; 25:648. [PMID: 38943098 PMCID: PMC11214253 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10546-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera G.) is an important aquatic plant with high ornamental, economic, cultural and ecological values, but abiotic stresses seriously affect its growth and distribution. Q-type C2H2 zinc finger proteins (ZFPs) play an important role in plant growth development and environmental stress responses. Although the Q-type C2H2 gene family has been identified in some plants, limited reports has been carried out it in lotus. RESULTS In this study, we identified 45 Q-type NnZFP members in lotus. Based on the phylogenetic tree, these Q-type NnZFP gene family members were divided into 4 groups, including C1-1i, C1-2i, C1-3i and C1-4i. Promoter cis-acting elements analysis indicated that most Q-type NnZFP gene family members in lotus were associated with response to abiotic stresses. Through collinearity analyses, no tandem duplication gene pairs and 14 segmental duplication gene pairs were identified, which showed that duplication events might play a key role in the expansion of the Q-type NnZFP gene family. The synteny results suggested that 54 and 28 Q-type NnZFP genes were orthologous to Arabidopsis and rice, respectively. The expression patterns of these Q-type NnZFP genes revealed that 30 Q-type NnZFP genes were expressed in at least one lotus tissue. Nn5g30550 showed relatively higher expression levels in all tested tissues. 12 genes were randomly selected with at least one gene from each phylogenetic clade, and the expression of these selected genes were confirmed by qRT-PCR (quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction). The results indicated that Q-type NnZFP genes were extensively involved in cadmium, drought, salt and cold stresses responses. Among them, 11 genes responded to at least three different stress treatments, especially Nn2g12894, which induced by all four treatments. CONCLUSIONS These results could increase our understanding of the characterization of the Q-type NnZFP gene family and provide relevant information for further functional analysis of Q-type NnZFP genes in plant development, and abiotic stress tolerance in lotus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, College of Horticulture, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang No.1, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Yidan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, College of Horticulture, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang No.1, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangyu Liu
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Lihong Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, College of Horticulture, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang No.1, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingchun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, College of Horticulture, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang No.1, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Qijiang Jin
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, College of Horticulture, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang No.1, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanjie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, College of Horticulture, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang No.1, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China.
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Guo X, Zhang Z, Li J, Zhang S, Sun W, Xiao X, Sun Z, Xue X, Wang Z, Zhang Y. Phenotypic and transcriptome profiling of spikes reveals the regulation of light regimens on spike growth and fertile floret number in wheat. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024; 47:1575-1591. [PMID: 38269615 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
The spike growth phase is critical for the establishment of fertile floret (grain) numbers in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Then, how to shorten the spike growth phase and increase grain number synergistically? Here, we showed high-resolution analyses of floret primordia (FP) number, morphology and spike transcriptomes during the spike growth phase under three light regimens. The development of all FP in a spike could be divided into four distinct stages: differentiation (Stage I), differentiation and morphology development concurrently (Stage II), morphology development (Stage III), and polarization (Stage IV). Compared to the short photoperiod, the long photoperiod shortened spike growth and stimulated early flowering by shortening Stage III; however, this reduced assimilate accumulation, resulting in fertile floret loss. Interestingly, long photoperiod supplemented with red light shortened the time required to complete Stages I-II, then raised assimilates supply in the spike and promoted anther development before polarization initiation, thereby increasing fertile FP number during Stage III, and finally maintained fertile FP development during Stage IV until they became fertile florets via a predicted dynamic gene network. Our findings proposed a light regimen, critical stages and candidate regulators that achieved a shorter spike growth phase and a higher fertile floret number in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Guo
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- National Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture, Beijing, China
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Junyan Li
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- National Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Siqi Zhang
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- National Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Wan Sun
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuechen Xiao
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhencai Sun
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuzhang Xue
- National Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Zhimin Wang
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yinghua Zhang
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Nikraftar S, Ebrahimzadegan R, Majdi M, Mirzaghaderi G. Genome-wide analysis of the C2H2-ZFP gene family in Stevia rebaudiana reveals involvement in abiotic stress response. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6164. [PMID: 38486071 PMCID: PMC10940304 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56624-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) is a natural sweetener plant that accumulates highly sweet steviol glycosides (SGs) especially in leaves. Stevia is native to humid areas and does not have a high tolerance to drought which is the most serious abiotic stress restricting its production worldwide. C2H2 zinc finger proteins (C2H2-ZFPs) are a group of well-known transcription factors that involves in various developmental, physiological and biochemical activities as well as in response to abiotic stresses. Here we analyzed C2H2-ZFP gene family in stevia and identified a total of 185 putative SrC2H2-ZF proteins from the genome sequence of S. rebaudiana. We further characterized the identified C2H2-ZF domains and their organization, additional domains and motifs and analyzed their physicochemical properties, localization and gene expression patterns. The cis-element analysis suggested multiple roles of SrC2H2-ZFPs in response to light, phytohormone, and abiotic stresses. In silico analysis revealed that the stevia C2H2-ZFP genes are interactively expressed in different tissues and developmental stages and some C2H2-ZFP genes are involved in response to drought stress. This study provides a background for future exploration of the functional, and regulatory aspects of the C2H2-ZFP gene family in S. rebaudiana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahla Nikraftar
- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, P. O. Box 416, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Rahman Ebrahimzadegan
- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, P. O. Box 416, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Mohammad Majdi
- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, P. O. Box 416, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Ghader Mirzaghaderi
- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, P. O. Box 416, Sanandaj, Iran.
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Méndez-Gómez M, Sierra-Cacho D, Jiménez-Morales E, Guzmán P. Modulation of early gene expression responses to water deprivation stress by the E3 ubiquitin ligase ATL80: implications for retrograde signaling interplay. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:180. [PMID: 38459432 PMCID: PMC10921668 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04872-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary response genes play a pivotal role in translating short-lived stress signals into sustained adaptive responses. In this study, we investigated the involvement of ATL80, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, in the dynamics of gene expression following water deprivation stress. We observed that ATL80 is rapidly activated within minutes of water deprivation stress perception, reaching peak expression around 60 min before gradually declining. ATL80, despite its post-translational regulation role, emerged as a key player in modulating early gene expression responses to water deprivation stress. RESULTS The impact of ATL80 on gene expression was assessed using a time-course microarray analysis (0, 15, 30, 60, and 120 min), revealing a burst of differentially expressed genes, many of which were associated with various stress responses. In addition, the diversity of early modulation of gene expression in response to water deprivation stress was significantly abolished in the atl80 mutant compared to wild-type plants. A subset of 73 genes that exhibited a similar expression pattern to ATL80 was identified. Among them, several are linked to stress responses, including ERF/AP2 and WRKY transcription factors, calcium signaling genes, MAP kinases, and signaling peptides. Promoter analysis predicts enrichment of binding sites for CAMTA1 and CAMTA5, which are known regulators of rapid stress responses. Furthermore, we have identified a group of differentially expressed ERF/AP2 transcription factors, proteins associated with folding and refolding, as well as pinpointed core module genes which are known to play roles in retrograde signaling pathways that cross-referenced with the early ATL80 transcriptome. CONCLUSIONS Based on these findings, we propose that ATL80 may target one or more components within the retrograde signaling pathways for degradation. In essence, ATL80 serves as a bridge connecting these signaling pathways and effectively functions as an alarm signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Méndez-Gómez
- Departamento de Ingeniería Genética, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Unidad Irapuato, Irapuato, 36824, Gto, México
| | - Daniel Sierra-Cacho
- Departamento de Ingeniería Genética, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Unidad Irapuato, Irapuato, 36824, Gto, México
| | - Estela Jiménez-Morales
- Departamento de Ingeniería Genética, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Unidad Irapuato, Irapuato, 36824, Gto, México
| | - Plinio Guzmán
- Departamento de Ingeniería Genética, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Unidad Irapuato, Irapuato, 36824, Gto, México.
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Liu H, Wu Z, Bao M, Gao F, Yang W, Abou-Elwafa SF, Liu Z, Ren Z, Zhu Y, Ku L, Su H, Chong L, Chen Y. ZmC2H2-149 negatively regulates drought tolerance by repressing ZmHSD1 in maize. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024; 47:885-899. [PMID: 38164019 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Drought is a major abiotic stress that limits maize production worldwide. Therefore, it is of great importance to improve drought tolerance in crop plants for sustainable agriculture. In this study, we examined the roles of Cys2 /His2 zinc-finger-proteins (C2H2-ZFPs) in maize's drought tolerance as C2H2-ZFPs have been implicated for plant stress tolerance. By subjecting 150 Ac/Ds mutant lines to drought stress, we successfully identified a Ds-insertion mutant, zmc2h2-149, which shows increased tolerance to drought stress. Overexpression of ZmC2H2-149 in maize led to a decrease in both drought tolerance and crop yield. DAP-Seq, RNA-Seq, Y1H and LUC assays additionally showed that ZmC2H2-149 directly suppresses the expression of a positive drought tolerance regulator, ZmHSD1 (hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1). Consistently, the zmhsd1 mutants exhibited decreased drought tolerance and grain yield under water deficit conditions compared to their respective wild-type plants. Our findings thus demonstrated that ZmC2H2-149 can regulate ZmHSD1 for drought stress tolerance in maize, offering valuable theoretical and genetic resources for maize breeding programmes that aim for improving drought tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huafeng Liu
- College of Agronomy, National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science and Key Laboratory of Regulating and Controlling Crop Growth and Development Ministry of Education, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhendong Wu
- College of Agronomy, National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science and Key Laboratory of Regulating and Controlling Crop Growth and Development Ministry of Education, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Miaomiao Bao
- College of Agronomy, National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science and Key Laboratory of Regulating and Controlling Crop Growth and Development Ministry of Education, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Fengran Gao
- College of Agronomy, National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science and Key Laboratory of Regulating and Controlling Crop Growth and Development Ministry of Education, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wenjing Yang
- College of Agronomy, National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science and Key Laboratory of Regulating and Controlling Crop Growth and Development Ministry of Education, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | | | - Zhixue Liu
- College of Agronomy, National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science and Key Laboratory of Regulating and Controlling Crop Growth and Development Ministry of Education, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhenzhen Ren
- College of Agronomy, National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science and Key Laboratory of Regulating and Controlling Crop Growth and Development Ministry of Education, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yingfang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Lixia Ku
- College of Agronomy, National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science and Key Laboratory of Regulating and Controlling Crop Growth and Development Ministry of Education, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Huihui Su
- College of Agronomy, National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science and Key Laboratory of Regulating and Controlling Crop Growth and Development Ministry of Education, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Leelyn Chong
- College of Agronomy, National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science and Key Laboratory of Regulating and Controlling Crop Growth and Development Ministry of Education, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yanhui Chen
- College of Agronomy, National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science and Key Laboratory of Regulating and Controlling Crop Growth and Development Ministry of Education, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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9
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Tang F, Jiao B, Zhang M, He M, Su R, Luo K, Lan T. PtoMYB031, the R2R3 MYB transcription factor involved in secondary cell wall biosynthesis in poplar. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 14:1341245. [PMID: 38298604 PMCID: PMC10828011 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1341245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Introduction The biosynthesis of the secondary cell wall (SCW) is orchestrated by an intricate hierarchical transcriptional regulatory network. This network is initiated by first-layer master switches, SCW-NAC transcription factors, which in turn activate the second-layer master switches MYBs. These switches play a crucial role in regulating xylem specification and differentiation during SCW formation. However, the roles of most MYBs in woody plants are yet to be fully understood. Methods In this study, we identified and isolated the R2R3-MYB transcription factor, PtoMYB031, from Populus tomentosa. We explored its expression, mainly in xylem tissues, and its role as a transcriptional repressor in the nucleus. We used overexpression and RNA interference techniques in poplar, along with Yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assays, to analyze the regulatory effects of PtoMYB031. Results Overexpression of PtoMYB031 in poplar significantly reduced lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose content, and inhibited vascular development in stems, resulting in decreased SCW thickness in xylem tissues. Gene expression analysis showed that structural genes involved in SCW biosynthesis were downregulated in PtoMYB031-OE lines. Conversely, RNA interference of PtoMYB031 increased these compounds. Additionally, PtoMYB031 was found to recruit the repressor PtoZAT11, forming a transcriptional inhibition complex. Discussion Our findings provide new insights into how PtoMYB031, through its interaction with PtoZAT11, forms a complex that can suppress the expression of key regulatory genes, PtoWND1A and PtoWND2B, in SCW biosynthesis. This study enhances our understanding of the transcriptional regulation involved in SCW formation in poplar, highlighting the significant role of PtoMYB031.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Tang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bo Jiao
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Minghui He
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ruiying Su
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Keming Luo
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments of Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ting Lan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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10
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Wu G, Tian N, She F, Cao A, Wu W, Zheng S, Yang N. Characteristics analysis of Early Responsive to Dehydration genes in Arabidopsis thaliana ( AtERD). PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2023; 18:2105021. [PMID: 35916255 PMCID: PMC10730211 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2022.2105021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Early Responsive to Dehydration (ERD) genes are rapidly induced in response to various biotic and abiotic stresses, such as bacteria, drought, light, temperature and high salt in Arabidopsis thaliana. Sixteen ERD of Arabidopsis thaliana (AtERD) genes have been previously identified. The lengths of the coding region of the genes are 504-2838 bp. They encode 137-745 amino acids. In this study, the AtERD genes structure and promoter are analyzed through bioinformatics, and a overall function is summarized and a systematic signal pathway involving AtERD genes is mapped. AtERD9, AtERD11 and AtERD13 have the GST domain. AtERD10 and AtERD14 have the Dehyd domain. The promoters regions contain 32 light responsive elements, 23 ABA responsive elements, 5 drought responsive elements, 5 meristem expression related elements and 132 core promoter elements. The study provides a theoretical guidance for subsequent studies of AtERD genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guofan Wu
- Laboratory of the Research for Molecular Mechanism and Functional Genes of Plant Stress Adaptation, College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Nongfu Tian
- Laboratory of the Research for Molecular Mechanism and Functional Genes of Plant Stress Adaptation, College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Fawen She
- Laboratory of the Research for Molecular Mechanism and Functional Genes of Plant Stress Adaptation, College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Aohua Cao
- Laboratory of the Research for Molecular Mechanism and Functional Genes of Plant Stress Adaptation, College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wangze Wu
- Laboratory of the Research for Molecular Mechanism and Functional Genes of Plant Stress Adaptation, College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Sheng Zheng
- Laboratory of the Research for Molecular Mechanism and Functional Genes of Plant Stress Adaptation, College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ning Yang
- Laboratory of the Research for Molecular Mechanism and Functional Genes of Plant Stress Adaptation, College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
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11
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Huang R, Jiang S, Dai M, Shi H, Zhu H, Guo Z. Zinc finger transcription factor MtZPT2-2 negatively regulates salt tolerance in Medicago truncatula. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 194:564-577. [PMID: 37801609 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Zinc finger proteins (ZFPs) are transcription factors involved in multiple cellular functions. We identified a C2H2 type ZFP (MtZPT2-2) in Medicago truncatula and demonstrated that it localizes to the nucleus and inhibits the transcription of 2 genes encoding high-affinity potassium transporters (MtHKT1;1 and MtHKT1;2). MtZPT2-2 transcripts were detected in stem, leaf, flower, seeds and roots, with the highest level in the xylem and phloem of roots and stems. MtZPT2-2 transcription in leaves was reduced after salt stress. Compared with the wild-type (WT), transgenic lines overexpressing MtZPT2-2 had decreased salt tolerance, while MtZPT2-2-knockout mutants showed increased salt tolerance. MtHKT1;1 and MtHKT1;2 transcripts and Na+ accumulation in shoots and roots, as well as in the xylem of all genotypes of plants, were increased after salt treatment, with higher levels of MtHKT1;1 and MtHKT1;2 transcripts and Na+ accumulation in MtZPT2-2-knockout mutants and lower levels in MtZPT2-2-overexpressing lines compared with the WT. K+ levels showed no significant difference among plant genotypes under salt stress. Moreover, MtZPT2-2 was demonstrated to bind with the promoter of MtHKT1;1 and MtHKT1;2 to inhibit their expression. Antioxidant enzyme activities and the gene transcript levels were accordingly upregulated in response to salt, with higher levels in MtZPT2-2-knockout mutants and lower levels in MtZPT2-2-overexpressing lines compared with WT. The results suggest that MtZPT2-2 regulates salt tolerance negatively through downregulating MtHKT1;1 and MtHKT1;2 expression directly to reduce Na+ unloading from the xylem and regulates antioxidant defense indirectly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Risheng Huang
- College of Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Shouzhen Jiang
- College of Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Mengtong Dai
- College of Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Haifan Shi
- College of Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Haifeng Zhu
- College of Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhenfei Guo
- College of Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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12
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Du T, Zhou Y, Qin Z, Li A, Wang Q, Li Z, Hou F, Zhang L. Genome-wide identification of the C2H2 zinc finger gene family and expression analysis under salt stress in sweetpotato. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1301848. [PMID: 38152142 PMCID: PMC10752007 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1301848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Introduction The higher plant transcription factor C2H2 zinc finger protein (C2H2-ZFP) is essential for plant growth, development, and stress response. There are limited studies on C2H2-ZFP genes in sweetpotato, despite a substantial number of C2H2-ZFP genes having been systematically found in plants. Methods In this work, 178 C2H2-ZFP genes were found in sweetpotato, distributed randomly on 15 chromosomes, and given new names according to where they were located. These members of the zinc finger gene family are separated into six branches, as shown by the phylogenetic tree. 24 tandem repeats of IbZFP genes and 46 fragment repeats were identified, and a homology study revealed that IbZFP genes linked more regions with wild relative species of sweetpotato as well as rhizome plants like potato and cassava. And we analyzed the expression patterns of IbZFP genes during the early development of sweetpotato storage roots (SRs) and salt stress using transcriptome data, and identified 44 IbZFP genes that exhibited differences in expression levels during the early expansion of sweetpotato SRs in different varieties, and 92 IbZFP genes that exhibited differences in expression levels under salt stress in salt tolerant and salt sensitive sweetpotato varieties. Additionally, we cloned six IbZFP genes in sweetpotato and analyzed their expression patterns in different tissues, their expression patterns under abiotic stress and hormone treatment, and subcellular localization. Results and discussion The results showed that the IbZFP genes had tissue specificity in sweetpotato and were induced to varying degrees by drought and salt stress. ABA and GA3 treatments also affected the expression of the IbZFP genes. We selected IbZFP105, which showed significant differences in expression levels under salt stress and ABA treatment, to be heterologously expressed in Arabidopsis thaliana. We found that IbZFP105 OE lines exhibited higher tolerance to salt stress and ABA stress. This indicates that IbZFP105 can enhance the salt tolerance of plants. These results systematically identified the evolution and expression patterns of members of the C2H2-ZFP gene family in sweetpotato, providing a theoretical basis for studying the role of IbZFP genes in the development of sweetpotato SRs and in resistance to stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taifeng Du
- Key Laboratory of Phylogeny and Comparative Genomics of the Jiangsu Province, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhou
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Tuber and Root Crops in Huang-Huai-Hai Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jinan, China
| | - Zhen Qin
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Tuber and Root Crops in Huang-Huai-Hai Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jinan, China
| | - Aixian Li
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Tuber and Root Crops in Huang-Huai-Hai Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jinan, China
| | - Qingmei Wang
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Tuber and Root Crops in Huang-Huai-Hai Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jinan, China
| | - Zongyun Li
- Key Laboratory of Phylogeny and Comparative Genomics of the Jiangsu Province, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Fuyun Hou
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Tuber and Root Crops in Huang-Huai-Hai Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jinan, China
| | - Liming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Phylogeny and Comparative Genomics of the Jiangsu Province, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Tuber and Root Crops in Huang-Huai-Hai Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jinan, China
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13
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Li M, Dong X, Long G, Zhang Z, Han C, Wang Y. Genome-Wide Analysis of Q-Type C2H2 ZFP Genes in Response to Biotic and Abiotic Stresses in Sugar Beet. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1309. [PMID: 37887019 PMCID: PMC10604892 DOI: 10.3390/biology12101309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
A plant's Q-type C2H2-type ZFP plays key roles in plant growth and development and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) is an important crop for sugar production. Salt stress and viral infection significantly reduce the root yield and sugar content of sugar beet. However, there is a lack of comprehensive genome-wide analyses of Q-type C2H2 ZFPs and their expression patterns in sugar beet under stress. In this study, 35 sugar beet Q-type C2H2 ZFPs (BvZFPs) containing at least one conserved "QALGGH" motif were identified via bioinformatics techniques using TBtools software. According to their evolutionary relationship, the BvZFPs were classified into five subclasses. Within each subclass, the physicochemical properties and motif compositions showed strong similarities. A Ka/Ks analysis indicated that the BvZFPs were conserved during evolution. Promoter cis-element analysis revealed that most BvZFPs are associated with elements related to phytohormone, biotic or abiotic stress, and plant development. The expression data showed that the BvZFPs in sugar beet are predominantly expressed in the root. In addition, BvZFPs are involved in the response to abiotic and biotic stresses, including salt stress and viral infection. Overall, these results will extend our understanding of the Q-type C2H2 gene family and provide valuable information for the biological breeding of sugar beet against abiotic and biotic stresses in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Ying Wang
- Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (M.L.); (X.D.); (G.L.); (Z.Z.); (C.H.)
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14
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Zinati Z, Nazari L. Deciphering the molecular basis of abiotic stress response in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) using RNA-Seq meta-analysis, systems biology, and machine learning approaches. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12942. [PMID: 37558755 PMCID: PMC10412635 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40189-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Abiotic stress in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) may trigger distinct transcriptome responses, resulting in significant yield loss. More insight into the molecular underpinnings of the stress response can be gained by combining RNA-Seq meta-analysis with systems biology and machine learning. This can help pinpoint possible targets for engineering abiotic tolerance by revealing functional modules and key genes essential for the stress response. Therefore, to investigate the regulatory mechanism and key genes, a combination of these approaches was utilized in cucumber subjected to various abiotic stresses. Three significant abiotic stress-related modules were identified by gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). Three hub genes (RPL18, δ-COP, and EXLA2), ten transcription factors (TFs), one transcription regulator, and 12 protein kinases (PKs) were introduced as key genes. The results suggest that the identified PKs probably govern the coordination of cellular responses to abiotic stress in cucumber. Moreover, the C2H2 TF family may play a significant role in cucumber response to abiotic stress. Several C2H2 TF target stress-related genes were identified through co-expression and promoter analyses. Evaluation of the key identified genes using Random Forest, with an area under the curve of ROC (AUC) of 0.974 and an accuracy rate of 88.5%, demonstrates their prominent contributions in the cucumber response to abiotic stresses. These findings provide novel insights into the regulatory mechanism underlying abiotic stress response in cucumber and pave the way for cucumber genetic engineering toward improving tolerance ability under abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Zinati
- Department of Agroecology, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources of Darab, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Leyla Nazari
- Crop and Horticultural Science Research Department, Fars Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Shiraz, Iran.
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15
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Imran M, Mpovo CL, Aaqil Khan M, Shaffique S, Ninson D, Bilal S, Khan M, Kwon EH, Kang SM, Yun BW, Lee IJ. Synergistic Effect of Melatonin and Lysinibacillus fusiformis L. (PLT16) to Mitigate Drought Stress via Regulation of Hormonal, Antioxidants System, and Physio-Molecular Responses in Soybean Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:8489. [PMID: 37239837 PMCID: PMC10218646 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Drought is one of the most detrimental factors that causes significant effects on crop development and yield. However, the negative effects of drought stress may be alleviated with the aid of exogenous melatonin (MET) and the use of plant-growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB). The present investigation aimed to validate the effects of co-inoculation of MET and Lysinibacillus fusiformis on hormonal, antioxidant, and physio-molecular regulation in soybean plants to reduce the effects of drought stress. Therefore, ten randomly selected isolates were subjected to various plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) traits and a polyethylene-glycol (PEG)-resistance test. Among these, PLT16 tested positive for the production of exopolysaccharide (EPS), siderophore, and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), along with higher PEG tolerance, in vitro IAA, and organic-acid production. Therefore, PLT16 was further used in combination with MET to visualize the role in drought-stress mitigation in soybean plant. Furthermore, drought stress significantly damages photosynthesis, enhances ROS production, and reduces water stats, hormonal signaling and antioxidant enzymes, and plant growth and development. However, the co-application of MET and PLT16 enhanced plant growth and development and improved photosynthesis pigments (chlorophyll a and b and carotenoids) under both normal conditions and drought stress. This may be because hydrogen-peroxide (H2O2), superoxide-anion (O2-), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were reduced and antioxidant activities were enhanced to maintain redox homeostasis and reduce the abscisic-acid (ABA) level and its biosynthesis gene NCED3 while improving the synthesis of jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA) to mitigate drought stress and balance the stomata activity to maintain the relative water states. This may be possible due to a significant increase in endo-melatonin content, regulation of organic acids, and enhancement of nutrient uptake (calcium, potassium, and magnesium) by co-inoculated PLT16 and MET under normal conditions and drought stress. In addition, co-inoculated PLT16 and MET modulated the relative expression of DREB2 and TFs bZIP while enhancing the expression level of ERD1 under drought stress. In conclusion, the current study found that the combined application of melatonin and Lysinibacillus fusiformis inoculation increased plant growth and could be used to regulate plant function during drought stress as an eco-friendly and low-cost approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Imran
- Biosafety Division, National Institute of Agriculture Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Clems Luzolo Mpovo
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Muhammad Aaqil Khan
- Department of Chemical and Life Sciences, Qurtuba University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar 24830, Pakistan
| | - Shifa Shaffique
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Daniel Ninson
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Saqib Bilal
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Murtaza Khan
- Department of Horticulture and Life Science, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Hae Kwon
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Mo Kang
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Wook Yun
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Jung Lee
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
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Sun Y, Jia X, Chen D, Fu Q, Chen J, Yang W, Yang H, Xu X. Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of Cysteine-Rich Polycomb-like Protein (CPP) Gene Family in Tomato. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065762. [PMID: 36982833 PMCID: PMC10058331 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The cysteine-rich polycomb-like protein (CPP) gene family is a class of transcription factors containing conserved cysteine-rich CRC structural domains that is involved in the regulation of plant growth and stress tolerance to adversity. Relative to other gene families, the CPP gene family has not received sufficient attention. In this study, six SlCPPs were identified for the first time using the most recent genome-wide identification data of tomato. Subsequently, a phylogenetic analysis classified SlCPPs into four subfamilies. The analysis of cis-acting elements in the promoter indicates that SlCPPs are involved in plant growth and development and also stress response. We present for the first time the prediction of the tertiary structure of these SlCPPs proteins using the AlphaFold2 artificial intelligence system developed by the DeepMind team. Transcriptome data analysis showed that SlCPPs were differentially expressed in different tissues. Gene expression profiling showed that all SlCPPs except SlCPP5 were up-regulated under drought stress; SlCPP2, SlCPP3 and SlCPP4 were up-regulated under cold stress; SlCPP2 and SlCPP5 were up-regulated under salt stress; all SlCPPs were up-regulated under inoculation with Cladosporium fulvum; and SlCPP1, SlCPP3, and SlCPP4 were up-regulated under inoculation with Stemphylium lycopersici. We performed a virus-induced gene silencing experiment on SlCPP3, and the results indicated that SlCPP3 was involved in the response to drought stress. Finally, we predicted the interaction network of the key gene SlCPP3, and there was an interaction relationship between SlCPP3 and 10 genes, such as RBR1 and MSI1. The positive outcome showed that SlCPPs responded to environmental stress. This study provides a theoretical and empirical basis for the response mechanisms of tomato in abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoguang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xinyi Jia
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Dexia Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Qingjun Fu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Jinxiu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Wenhui Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Huanhuan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xiangyang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
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Sun Y, Liu Y, Liang J, Luo J, Yang F, Feng P, Wang H, Guo B, Ma F, Zhao T. Identification of PLATZ genes in Malus and expression characteristics of MdPLATZs in response to drought and ABA stresses. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1109784. [PMID: 36743567 PMCID: PMC9890193 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1109784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Plant AT-rich sequences and zinc-binding proteins (PLATZ) play crucial roles in response to environmental stresses. Nevertheless, PLATZ gene family has not been systemically studied in Rosaceae species, such as in apple, pear, peach, or strawberry. In this study, a total of 134 PLATZ proteins were identified from nine Rosaceae genomes and were classified into seven phylogenetic groups. Subsequently, the chromosomal localization, duplication, and collinearity relationship for apple PLATZ genes were investigated, and segmental duplication is a major driving-force in the expansion of PLATZ in Malus. Expression profiles analysis showed that PLATZs had distinct expression patterns in different tissues, and multiple genes were significantly changed after drought and ABA treatments. Furthermore, the co-expression network combined with RNA-seq data showed that PLATZ might be involved in drought stress by regulating ABA signaling pathway. In summary, this study is the first in-depth and systematic identification of PLATZ gene family in Rosaceae species, especially for apple, and provided specific PLATZ gene resource for further functional research in response to abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqiang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Xinjiang Production & Construction Corps Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yunxiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiakai Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiawei Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Peien Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hanyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bocheng Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fengwang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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Arabidopsis Cys2/His2 Zinc Finger Transcription Factor ZAT18 Modulates the Plant Growth-Defense Tradeoff. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315436. [PMID: 36499767 PMCID: PMC9738932 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant defense responses under unfavorable conditions are often associated with reduced growth. However, the mechanisms underlying the growth-defense tradeoff remain to be fully elucidated, especially at the transcriptional level. Here, we revealed a Cys2/His2-type zinc finger transcription factor, namely, ZAT18, which played dual roles in plant immunity and growth by oppositely regulating the signaling of defense- and growth-related hormones. ZAT18 was first identified as a salicylic acid (SA)-inducible gene and was required for plant responses to SA in this study. In addition, we observed that ZAT18 enhanced the plant immunity with growth penalties that may have been achieved by activating SA signaling and repressing auxin signaling. Further transcriptome analysis of the zat18 mutant showed that the biological pathways of defense-related hormones, including SA, ethylene and abscisic acid, were repressed and that the biological pathways of auxin and cytokinin, which are growth-related hormones, were activated by abolishing the function of ZAT18. The ZAT18-mediated regulation of hormone signaling was further confirmed using qRT-PCR. Our results explored a mechanism by which plants handle defense and growth at the transcriptional level under stress conditions.
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Genome-Wide Identification of Strawberry C2H2-ZFP C1-2i Subclass and the Potential Function of FaZAT10 in Abiotic Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113079. [PMID: 36361867 PMCID: PMC9654774 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
C2H2-type zinc finger proteins (C2H2-ZFPs) play a key role in various plant biological processes and responses to environmental stresses. In Arabidopsisthaliana, C2H2-ZFP members with two zinc finger domains have been well-characterized in response to abiotic stresses. To date, the functions of these genes in strawberries are still uncharacterized. Here, 126 C2H2-ZFPs in cultivated strawberry were firstly identified using the recently sequenced Fragaria × ananassa genome. Among these C2H2-ZFPs, 46 members containing two zinc finger domains in cultivated strawberry were further identified as the C1-2i subclass. These genes were unevenly distributed on 21 chromosomes and classified into five groups according to the phylogenetic relationship, with similar physicochemical properties and motif compositions in the same group. Analyses of conserved domains and gene structures indicated the evolutionary conservation of the C1-2i subclass. A Ka/Ks analysis indicated that the C1-2i members were subjected to purifying selection during evolution. Furthermore, FaZAT10, a typical C2H2-ZFP, was isolated. FaZAT10 was expressed the highest in roots, and it was induced by drought, salt, low-temperature, ABA, and MeJA treatments. It was localized in the nucleus and showed no transactivation activity in yeast cells. Overall, these results provide useful information for enriching the analysis of the ZFPs gene family in strawberry, and they provide support for revealing the mechanism of FaZAT10 in the regulatory network of abiotic stress.
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Liu P, Wu X, Gong B, Lü G, Li J, Gao H. Review of the Mechanisms by Which Transcription Factors and Exogenous Substances Regulate ROS Metabolism under Abiotic Stress. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:2106. [PMID: 36358478 PMCID: PMC9686556 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are signaling molecules that regulate many biological processes in plants. However, excess ROS induced by biotic and abiotic stresses can destroy biological macromolecules and cause oxidative damage to plants. As the global environment continues to deteriorate, plants inevitably experience abiotic stress. Therefore, in-depth exploration of ROS metabolism and an improved understanding of its regulatory mechanisms are of great importance for regulating cultivated plant growth and developing cultivars that are resilient to abiotic stresses. This review presents current research on the generation and scavenging of ROS in plants and summarizes recent progress in elucidating transcription factor-mediated regulation of ROS metabolism. Most importantly, the effects of applying exogenous substances on ROS metabolism and the potential regulatory mechanisms at play under abiotic stress are summarized. Given the important role of ROS in plants and other organisms, our findings provide insights for optimizing cultivation patterns and for improving plant stress tolerance and growth regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Liu
- Key Laboratory of North China Water-Saving Irrigation Engineering, Hebei Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
- Institute of Vegetables Research, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Xiaolei Wu
- Key Laboratory of North China Water-Saving Irrigation Engineering, Hebei Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Binbin Gong
- Key Laboratory of North China Water-Saving Irrigation Engineering, Hebei Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Guiyun Lü
- Key Laboratory of North China Water-Saving Irrigation Engineering, Hebei Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Jingrui Li
- Key Laboratory of North China Water-Saving Irrigation Engineering, Hebei Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Hongbo Gao
- Key Laboratory of North China Water-Saving Irrigation Engineering, Hebei Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
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Zhang H, Sun Z, Feng S, Zhang J, Zhang F, Wang W, Hu H, Zhang W, Bao M. The C2H2-type zinc finger protein PhZFP1 regulates cold stress tolerance by modulating galactinol synthesis in Petunia hybrida. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:6434-6448. [PMID: 35726094 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The C2H2 zinc finger proteins (ZFPs) play essential roles in regulating cold stress responses. Similarly, raffinose accumulation contributes to freezing stress tolerance. However, the relationship between C2H2 functions and raffinose synthesis in cold tolerance remains uncertain. Here, we report the characterization of the cold-induced C2H2-type zinc finger protein PhZFP1 in Petunia hybrida. PhZFP1 was found to be predominantly localized in the nucleus. Overexpression of PhZFP1 conferred enhanced cold tolerance in transgenic petunia lines. In contrast, RNAi mediated suppression of PhZFP1 led to increased cold susceptibility. PhZFP1 regulated the expression of a range of abiotic stress responsive-genes including genes encoding proteins involved in reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging and raffinose metabolism. The accumulation of galactinol and raffinose, and the levels of PhGolS1-1 transcripts, were significantly increased in PhZFP1-overexpressing plants and decreased in PhZFP1-RNAi plants under cold stress. Moreover, the galactinol synthase (GolS)-encoding gene PhGolS1-1 was identified as a direct target of PhZFP1. Taken together, these results demonstrate that PhZFP1 functions in cold stress tolerance by modulation of galactinol synthesis via regulation of PhGolS1-1. This study also provides new insights into the mechanisms underlying C2H2 zinc finger protein-mediated cold stress tolerance, and has identified a candidate gene for improving cold stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huilin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Huazhong Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zheng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- National R&D Center for Citrus Preservation, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shan Feng
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- National R&D Center for Citrus Preservation, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Junwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Huazhong Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Huazhong Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- National R&D Center for Citrus Preservation, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Huirong Hu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Huazhong Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Huazhong Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Manzhu Bao
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Huazhong Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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22
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Zhang L, Tao R, Wang S, Gao Y, Wang L, Yang S, Zhang X, Yu W, Wu X, Li K, Ni J, Teng Y, Bai S. PpZAT5 suppresses the expression of a B-box gene PpBBX18 to inhibit anthocyanin biosynthesis in the fruit peel of red pear. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1022034. [PMID: 36304405 PMCID: PMC9592862 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1022034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BBX (B-box) proteins play a vital role in light-induced anthocyanin biosynthesis. PpBBX18 was an indispensable regulator for the induction of anthocyanin biosynthesis in the peel of red pear fruit (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai.). However, the upstream regulation of BBX genes has not been well characterized. In this study, PpZAT5, a cysteine2/histidine2-type transcription factor, was discovered as the upstream negative regulator of PpBBX18. The results showed that PpZAT5 functions as a transcriptional repressor and directly binds to the CAAT motif of PpBBX18 and inhibits its expression. PpZAT5 expression was inhibited by light, which is converse to the expression pattern of anthocyanin-related structural genes. In addition, less anthocyanin accumulated in the PpZAT5-overexpressing pear calli than in the wild-type pear calli; on the contrary, more anthocyanin accumulated in PpZAT5-RNAi pear calli. Moreover, the crucial genes involved in light-induced anthocyanin biosynthesis were markedly down-regulated in the transcriptome of PpZAT5 overexpression pear calli compared to wild-type. In conclusion, our study indicates that PpBBX18 is negatively regulated by a C2H2-type transcriptional repressor, PpZAT5, which reduces anthocyanin content in pear. The present results demonstrate an upstream molecular mechanism of PpBBX18 and provide insights into light-induced anthocyanin biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhang
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Biology of Horticultural Plants, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ruiyan Tao
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Biology of Horticultural Plants, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Hangzhou, China
| | - Simai Wang
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Biology of Horticultural Plants, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuhao Gao
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Biology of Horticultural Plants, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Biology of Horticultural Plants, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shulin Yang
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Biology of Horticultural Plants, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Biology of Horticultural Plants, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenjie Yu
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Biology of Horticultural Plants, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinyue Wu
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Biology of Horticultural Plants, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kunfeng Li
- Agricultural Experiment Station, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junbei Ni
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Biology of Horticultural Plants, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuanwen Teng
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Biology of Horticultural Plants, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Hangzhou, China
| | - Songling Bai
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Biology of Horticultural Plants, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Hangzhou, China
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Li X, Cao X, Li J, Niu Q, Mo Y, Xiao L. Genome-wide characterization of C2H2 zinc-finger gene family provides insight into the mechanisms and evolution of the dehydration-rehydration responses in Physcomitrium and Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:953459. [PMID: 36262662 PMCID: PMC9574186 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.953459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Dehydration tolerance is a vital factor for land plant evolution and world agricultural production. Numerous studies enlightened that the plant-specific C2H2-type zinc-finger proteins (C2H2-ZFPs) as master regulators played pivotal roles in the abiotic stress responses of plants. However, a comprehensive understanding of the evolution of C2H2-ZFPs in terrestrial plants and its regulatory mechanism in dehydration and rehydration response remains a mystery. In this study, the genome-wide identification of C2H2-ZFP genes revealed 549 homologs in the representatives of terrestrial plant lineages from liverwort to angiosperms. Based on the characteristics of the conserved C2H2-ZF domains, four major C2H2-ZF types (M-, Z-, Q-, and D-type) were identified in the C2H2-ZFPs, with the dominants of M-type in all selected species and followed by Z-type in non-seed plants and Q-type in seed plants, respectively. Phylogenetic analyses of the identified C2H2-ZFPs supported four major groups in the land plant representatives, among which the members from the desiccation-tolerant Physcomitrium patens and the dehydration-sensitive Arabidopsis thaliana displayed different topological relationships in the phylogenies reconstructed for a single species. C2H2-ZFPs clustered in the same subclades shared similar features in their conserved domains and gene structures. Approximately, 81% of the C2H2-ZFP promoters of all 549 identified C2H2-ZFPs harbored the conserved ABA-responsive elements (ABREs) and/or dehydration-responsive elements (DREs). Comparative transcriptomic analyses showed that 50 PpZFPs and 56 AtZFPs significantly changed their transcripts abundance. Interestingly, most of the dehydration- and rehydration-responsive PpZPFs and AtZFPs had been predicted to contain the ABRE and DRE elements in their promoter regions and with over half of which phylogenetically belonging to group III. The differences in the expression patterns of C2H2-ZFPs in responses to dehydration and rehydration between P. patens and A. thaliana reflected their different strategies to adapt to dehydration. The identified candidate PpZFPs were specifically induced by moderate dehydration and reached the peak transcript abundance in severe dehydration. Our study lays the foundations for further functional investigation of C2H2-ZFPs in dehydration responses from an evolutionary perspective in land plants. The findings will provide us with genetic resources and potential targets for drought tolerance breeding in crops and beyond.
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Govta N, Polda I, Sela H, Cohen Y, Beckles DM, Korol AB, Fahima T, Saranga Y, Krugman T. Genome-Wide Association Study in Bread Wheat Identifies Genomic Regions Associated with Grain Yield and Quality under Contrasting Water Availability. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:10575. [PMID: 36142488 PMCID: PMC9505613 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to identify genetic loci in the bread wheat genome that would influence yield stability and quality under water stress, and to identify accessions that can be recommended for cultivation in dry and hot regions. We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) using a panel of 232 wheat accessions spanning diverse ecogeographic regions. Plants were evaluated in the Israeli Northern Negev, under two environments: water-limited (D; 250 mm) and well-watered (W; 450 mm) conditions; they were genotyped with ~71,500 SNPs derived from exome capture sequencing. Of the 14 phenotypic traits evaluated, 12 had significantly lower values under D compared to W conditions, while the values for two traits were higher under D. High heritability (H2 = 0.5-0.9) was observed for grain yield, spike weight, number of grains per spike, peduncle length, and plant height. Days to heading and grain yield could be partitioned based on accession origins. GWAS identified 154 marker-trait associations (MTAs) for yield and quality-related traits, 82 under D and 72 under W, and identified potential candidate genes. We identified 24 accessions showing high and/or stable yields under D conditions that can be recommended for cultivation in regions under the threat of global climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolai Govta
- Institute of Evolution, Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
| | - Iris Polda
- Smith Institute of Plant Science & Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 7632706, Israel
| | - Hanan Sela
- Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
| | - Yafit Cohen
- Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Beit Dagan 7505101, Israel
| | - Diane M. Beckles
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Abraham B. Korol
- Institute of Evolution, Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
| | - Tzion Fahima
- Institute of Evolution, Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
| | - Yehoshua Saranga
- Smith Institute of Plant Science & Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 7632706, Israel
| | - Tamar Krugman
- Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
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25
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Alhajhoj MR, Munir M, Sudhakar B, Ali-Dinar HM, Iqbal Z. Common and novel metabolic pathways related ESTs were upregulated in three date palm cultivars to ameliorate drought stress. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15027. [PMID: 36056140 PMCID: PMC9440037 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19399-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Date palm is an important staple crop in Saudi Arabia, and about 400 different date palm cultivars grown here, only 50-60 of them are used commercially. The most popular and commercially consumed cultivars of these are Khalas, Reziz, and Sheshi, which are also widely cultivated across the country. Date palm is high water-demanding crop in oasis agriculture, with an inherent ability to tolerate drought stress. However, the mechanisms by which it tolerates drought stress, especially at the transcriptomic level, are still elusive. This study appraised the physiological and molecular response of three commercial date palm cultivars Khalas, Reziz, and Sheshi at two different field capacities (FC; 100% and 25%) levels. At 25% FC (drought stress), leaf relative water content, chlorophyll, photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, and transpiration were significantly reduced. However, leaf intercellular CO2 concentration and water use efficiency increased under drought stress. In comparison to cvs. Khalas and Reziz, date palm cv. Sheshi showed less tolerance to drought stress. A total of 1118 drought-responsive expressed sequence tags (ESTs) were sequenced, 345 from Khalas, 391 from Reziz, and 382 from Sheshi and subjected to functional characterization, gene ontology classification, KEGG pathways elucidation, and enzyme codes dissemination. Three date palm cultivars deployed a multivariate approach to ameliorate drought stress by leveraging common and indigenous molecular, cellular, biological, structural, transcriptional and reproductive mechanisms. Approximately 50% of the annotated ESTs were related to photosynthesis regulation, photosynthetic structure, signal transduction, auxin biosynthesis, osmoregulation, stomatal conductance, protein synthesis/turnover, active transport of solutes, and cell structure modulation. Along with the annotated ESTs, ca. 45% of ESTs were novel. Conclusively, the study provides novel clues and opens the myriads of genetic resources to understand the fine-tuned drought amelioration mechanisms in date palm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Refdan Alhajhoj
- Department of Arid Land Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, PO Box 31982, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Munir
- Date Palm Research Center of Excellence, King Faisal University, PO Box 31982, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Balakrishnan Sudhakar
- Date Palm Research Center of Excellence, King Faisal University, PO Box 31982, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan Muzzamil Ali-Dinar
- Date Palm Research Center of Excellence, King Faisal University, PO Box 31982, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zafar Iqbal
- Central Laboratories, King Faisal University, PO Box 31982, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.
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26
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Wang DR, Yang K, Wang X, You CX. A C2H2-type zinc finger transcription factor, MdZAT17, acts as a positive regulator in response to salt stress. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 275:153737. [PMID: 35717763 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2022.153737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress restricts plant growth and productivity worldwide. Zinc finger proteins play important roles in response to various abiotic plant stresses. In this research, we identified and characterized the ZAT17 gene in Malus domestica, which encodes a C2H2-type zinc finger protein. MdZAT17 has two typical conserved zinc finger domains and an ERF-associated amphiphilic repression (EAR) motif. Promoter analysis showed that MdZAT17 contains several stress-related response elements (ABRE, CGTCA-motif, and TC-rich repeats), and qRT-PCR analysis showed that the expression level of MdZAT17 was induced by various abiotic stress treatments. The overexpression of MdZAT17 improved tolerance to salt stress in apple calli. The ectopic expression of MdZAT17 in Arabidopsis enhanced salt stress tolerance and led to lower malondialdehyde (MDA) content, lower reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, and greater anthocyanin accumulation under salt stress. Moreover, the overexpression of MdZAT17 transgenic apple calli and Arabidopsis reduced the sensitivity to abscisic acid (ABA). In conclusion, our results indicate that MdZAT17 plays a positive regulatory role in salt tolerance, providing a theoretical basis for further research on its molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Ru Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, National Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, 271018, China.
| | - Kuo Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, National Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, 271018, China.
| | - Xun Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, National Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, 271018, China.
| | - Chun-Xiang You
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, National Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, 271018, China.
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27
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Jiang Y, Liu L, Pan Z, Zhao M, Zhu L, Han Y, Li L, Wang Y, Wang K, Liu S, Wang Y, Zhang M. Genome-wide analysis of the C2H2 zinc finger protein gene family and its response to salt stress in ginseng, Panax ginseng Meyer. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10165. [PMID: 35715520 PMCID: PMC9206012 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14357-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The C2H2 zinc finger protein (C2H2-ZFP) gene family plays important roles in response to environmental stresses and several other biological processes in plants. Ginseng is a precious medicinal herb cultivated in Asia and North America. However, little is known about the C2H2-ZFP gene family and its functions in ginseng. Here, we identified 115 C2H2-ZFP genes from ginseng, defined as the PgZFP gene family. It was clustered into five groups and featured with eight conserved motifs, with each gene containing one to six of them. The family genes are categorized into 17 gene ontology subcategories and have numerous regulatory elements responsive to a variety of biological process, suggesting their functional differentiation. The 115 PgZFP genes were spliced into 228 transcripts at seed setting stage and varied dramatically in expression across tissues, developmental stages, and genotypes, but they form a co-expression network, suggesting their functional correlation. Furthermore, four genes, PgZFP31, PgZFP78-01, PgZFP38, and PgZFP39-01, were identified from the gene family that were actively involved in plant response to salt stress. These results provide new knowledge on origin, differentiation, evolution, and function of the PgZFP gene family and new gene resources for C2H2-ZFP gene research and application in ginseng and other plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Jiang
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Lingyu Liu
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Zhaoxi Pan
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Mingzhu Zhao
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China.,Jilin Engineering Research Center for Ginseng Genetic Resources Development and Utilization, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Yilai Han
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Li Li
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Yanfang Wang
- Jilin Engineering Research Center for Ginseng Genetic Resources Development and Utilization, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China.,College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Kangyu Wang
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China.,Jilin Engineering Research Center for Ginseng Genetic Resources Development and Utilization, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Sizhang Liu
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Yi Wang
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China. .,Jilin Engineering Research Center for Ginseng Genetic Resources Development and Utilization, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China.
| | - Meiping Zhang
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China. .,Jilin Engineering Research Center for Ginseng Genetic Resources Development and Utilization, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China.
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28
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Hickey K, Wood M, Sexton T, Sahin Y, Nazarov T, Fisher J, Sanguinet KA, Cousins A, Kirchhoff H, Smertenko A. Drought Tolerance Strategies and Autophagy in Resilient Wheat Genotypes. Cells 2022; 11:1765. [PMID: 35681460 PMCID: PMC9179661 DOI: 10.3390/cells11111765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Drought resiliency strategies combine developmental, physiological, cellular, and molecular mechanisms. Here, we compare drought responses in two resilient spring wheat (Triticum aestivum) genotypes: a well-studied drought-resilient Drysdale and a resilient genotype from the US Pacific North-West Hollis. While both genotypes utilize higher water use efficiency through the reduction of stomatal conductance, other mechanisms differ. First, Hollis deploys the drought escape mechanism to a greater extent than Drysdale by accelerating the flowering time and reducing root growth. Second, Drysdale uses physiological mechanisms such as non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) to dissipate the excess of harvested light energy and sustain higher Fv/Fm and ϕPSII, whereas Hollis maintains constant NPQ but lower Fv/Fm and ϕPSII values. Furthermore, more electron donors of the electron transport chain are in the oxidized state in Hollis than in Drysdale. Third, many ROS homeostasis parameters, including peroxisome abundance, transcription of peroxisome biogenesis genes PEX11 and CAT, catalase protein level, and enzymatic activity, are higher in Hollis than in Drysdale. Fourth, transcription of autophagy flux marker ATG8.4 is upregulated to a greater degree in Hollis than in Drysdale under drought, whereas relative ATG8 protein abundance under drought stress is lower in Hollis than in Drysdale. These data demonstrate the activation of autophagy in both genotypes and a greater autophagic flux in Hollis. In conclusion, wheat varieties utilize different drought tolerance mechanisms. Combining these mechanisms within one genotype offers a promising strategy to advance crop resiliency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kahleen Hickey
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, 1772 NE Stadium Way, P.O. Box 99163, Pullman, WA 99164, USA; (K.H.); (M.W.); (Y.S.); (T.N.); (J.F.)
| | - Magnus Wood
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, 1772 NE Stadium Way, P.O. Box 99163, Pullman, WA 99164, USA; (K.H.); (M.W.); (Y.S.); (T.N.); (J.F.)
| | - Tom Sexton
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, P.O. Box 644236, Pullman, WA 99164, USA; (T.S.); (A.C.)
| | - Yunus Sahin
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, 1772 NE Stadium Way, P.O. Box 99163, Pullman, WA 99164, USA; (K.H.); (M.W.); (Y.S.); (T.N.); (J.F.)
| | - Taras Nazarov
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, 1772 NE Stadium Way, P.O. Box 99163, Pullman, WA 99164, USA; (K.H.); (M.W.); (Y.S.); (T.N.); (J.F.)
| | - Jessica Fisher
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, 1772 NE Stadium Way, P.O. Box 99163, Pullman, WA 99164, USA; (K.H.); (M.W.); (Y.S.); (T.N.); (J.F.)
| | - Karen A. Sanguinet
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, P.O. Box 646420, Pullman, WA 99164, USA;
| | - Asaph Cousins
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, P.O. Box 644236, Pullman, WA 99164, USA; (T.S.); (A.C.)
| | - Helmut Kirchhoff
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, 1772 NE Stadium Way, P.O. Box 99163, Pullman, WA 99164, USA; (K.H.); (M.W.); (Y.S.); (T.N.); (J.F.)
| | - Andrei Smertenko
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, 1772 NE Stadium Way, P.O. Box 99163, Pullman, WA 99164, USA; (K.H.); (M.W.); (Y.S.); (T.N.); (J.F.)
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29
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Wang DR, Yang K, Wang X, Lin XL, Rui L, Liu HF, Liu DD, You CX. Overexpression of MdZAT5, an C2H2-Type Zinc Finger Protein, Regulates Anthocyanin Accumulation and Salt Stress Response in Apple Calli and Arabidopsis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031897. [PMID: 35163816 PMCID: PMC8836528 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc finger proteins are widely involved and play an important role in plant growth and abiotic stress. In this research, MdZAT5, a gene encoding C2H2-type zinc finger protein, was cloned and investigated. The MdZAT5 was highly expressed in flower tissues by qRT-PCR analyses and GUS staining. Promoter analysis showed that MdZAT5 contained multiple response elements, and the expression levels of MdZAT5 were induced by various abiotic stress treatments. Overexpression of MdZAT5 in apple calli positively regulated anthocyanin accumulation by activating the expressions of anthocyanin biosynthesis-related genes. Overexpression of MdZAT5 in Arabidopsis also enhanced the accumulation of anthocyanin. In addition, MdZAT5 increased the sensitivity to salt stress in apple calli. Ectopic expression of MdZAT5 in Arabidopsis reduced the expression of salt-stress-related genes (AtNHX1 and AtABI1) and improved the sensitivity to salt stress. In conclusion, these results suggest that MdZAT5 plays a positive regulatory role in anthocyanin accumulation and negatively regulates salt resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Ru Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, National Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; (D.-R.W.); (K.Y.); (X.W.); (L.R.); (H.-F.L.)
| | - Kuo Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, National Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; (D.-R.W.); (K.Y.); (X.W.); (L.R.); (H.-F.L.)
| | - Xun Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, National Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; (D.-R.W.); (K.Y.); (X.W.); (L.R.); (H.-F.L.)
| | - Xiao-Lu Lin
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China;
| | - Lin Rui
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, National Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; (D.-R.W.); (K.Y.); (X.W.); (L.R.); (H.-F.L.)
| | - Hao-Feng Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, National Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; (D.-R.W.); (K.Y.); (X.W.); (L.R.); (H.-F.L.)
| | - Dan-Dan Liu
- College of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
- Correspondence: (D.-D.L.); (C.-X.Y.)
| | - Chun-Xiang You
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, National Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; (D.-R.W.); (K.Y.); (X.W.); (L.R.); (H.-F.L.)
- Correspondence: (D.-D.L.); (C.-X.Y.)
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30
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Gao Y, Li Z, Yang C, Li G, Zeng H, Li Z, Zhang Y, Yang X. Pseudomonas syringae activates ZAT18 to inhibit salicylic acid accumulation by repressing EDS1 transcription for bacterial infection. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 233:1274-1288. [PMID: 34797591 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Phytopathogens can manipulate plant hormone signaling to counteract immune responses; however, the underlying mechanism is mostly unclear. Here, we report that Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato (Pst) DC3000 induces expression of C2H2 zinc finger transcription factor ZAT18 in a jasmonic acid (JA)-signaling-dependent manner. Biochemical assays further confirmed that ZAT18 is a direct target of MYC2, which is a very important regulator in JA signaling. CRISPR/Cas9-generated zat18-cr mutants exhibited enhanced resistance to Pst DC3000, while overexpression of ZAT18 resulted in impaired disease resistance. Genetic characterization of ZAT18 mutants demonstrated that ZAT18 represses defense responses by inhibiting the accumulation of the key plant immune signaling molecule salicylic acid (SA), which is dependent on its EAR motif. ZAT18 exerted this inhibitory effect by directly repressing the transcription of Enhanced Disease Susceptibility 1 (EDS1), which is the key signaling component of pathogen-induced SA accumulation. Overexpression of ZAT18 resulted in decreased SA content, while loss of function of ZAT18 showed enhanced SA accumulation upon pathogen infection. Furthermore, enhanced resistance and SA content in zat18-cr mutants was abolished by the mutation in EDS1. Our data indicate that pathogens induce ZAT18 expression to repress the transcription of EDS1, further antagonising SA accumulation for bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ze Li
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Chenyu Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Guangyue Li
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Hongmei Zeng
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhonghai Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Institute of Plant and Food Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xiufen Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
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31
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Fertigation with Zn-Lysine Confers Better Photosynthetic Efficiency and Yield in Water Stressed Maize: Water Relations, Antioxidative Defense Mechanism and Nutrient Acquisition. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11030404. [PMID: 35161385 PMCID: PMC8838349 DOI: 10.3390/plants11030404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Different strategies including the exogenous use of micronutrient-chelated amino acids are being employed for better crop yield with limited fresh water for irrigation. The present study was conducted to assess the effects of foliar-applied Zn-lysine (Zn-Lys) on maize growth and yield under limited irrigation, in relation to physio-biochemical mechanisms such as the plant–water relations, photosynthetic efficiency, antioxidant defense mechanism, amino acid accumulation and nutrient acquisition. The experiment comprised two maize cultivars (MMRI and Pearl), two irrigation levels and three levels of Zn-Lys (0.25, 0.5 and 0.75%). Zn-Lys fertigation was found to be effective in reducing the negative impacts of limited water supply on grain yield, associated with improved photosynthetic efficiency, water relations, antioxidative defense mechanism and reduced lipid peroxidation in both maize cultivars. Zn-Lys-induced improvement in antioxidative mechanisms was associated with improved content of non-enzymatic antioxidants and activities of antioxidant enzymes. Foliar-fertigation with Zn-Lys also significantly improved the contents of various amino acids including Lys, as well as uptake of nutrients in both maize cultivars. In conclusion, the 0.5% level of Zn-Lys was found to be effective in ameliorating the negative impacts of water stress for better grain yield in both maize cultivars that can also be used as an important environment-friendly source of Zn to fulfill maize Zn deficiency.
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32
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Ding Q, Zhao H, Zhu P, Jiang X, Nie F, Li G. Genome-wide identification and expression analyses of C2H2 zinc finger transcription factors in Pleurotus ostreatus. PeerJ 2022; 10:e12654. [PMID: 35036086 PMCID: PMC8742544 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The C2H2-type zinc finger proteins (C2H2-ZFPs) regulate various developmental processes and abiotic stress responses in eukaryotes. Yet, a comprehensive analysis of these transcription factors which could be used to find candidate genes related to the control the development and abiotic stress tolerance has not been performed in Pleurotus ostreatus. To fill this knowledge gap, 18 C2H2-ZFs were identified in the P. ostreatus genome. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that these proteins have dissimilar amino acid sequences. In addition, these proteins had variable protein characteristics, gene intron-exon structures, and motif compositions. The expression patterns of PoC2H2-ZFs in mycelia, primordia, and young and mature fruiting bodies were investigated using qRT-PCR. The expression of some PoC2H2-ZFs is regulated by auxin and cytokinin. Moreover, members of PoC2H2-ZFs expression levels are changed dramatically under heat and cold stress, suggesting that these genes may participate in abiotic stress responses. These findings could be used to study the role of P. ostreatus-derived C2H2-ZFs in development and stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiangqiang Ding
- Institute of Horticulture, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Heifei, Anhui Province, China,Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Ecophysiology of Horticultural Crops, Heifei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Hongyuan Zhao
- Institute of Horticulture, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Heifei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Peilei Zhu
- Institute of Horticulture, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Heifei, Anhui Province, China,Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Ecophysiology of Horticultural Crops, Heifei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Xiangting Jiang
- Institute of Horticulture, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Heifei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Fan Nie
- Institute of Horticulture, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Heifei, Anhui Province, China,Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Ecophysiology of Horticultural Crops, Heifei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Guoqing Li
- Institute of Horticulture, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Heifei, Anhui Province, China,Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Ecophysiology of Horticultural Crops, Heifei, Anhui Province, China
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Yuan W, Zhang Q, Li Y, Wang Q, Xu F, Dang X, Xu W, Zhang J, Miao R. Abscisic acid is required for root elongation associated with Ca 2+ influx in response to water stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 169:127-137. [PMID: 34781213 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) is a critical hormone for plant survival upon water stress. In this study, a large-scale mutants of Arabidopsis ecotype Columbia-0 (Col-0) by ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS)-mutagenesis were generated, and an improved root elongation under water-stress 1 (irew1) mutant showing significantly enhanced root growth was isolated upon a water potential gradient assay. Then, irew1 and ABA-related mutants in Arabidopsis or tomato plants were observed under water potential gradient assay or water-deficient condition. ABA pathway, Ca2+ response and primary root (PR) elongation rate were monitored in addition to DNA- and RNA-Seq analyses. We found that based on phenotyping and transcriptional analyses, irew1 exhibited the enhanced PR growth, ABA and Ca2+ responses compared to wild-type subjected to water stress. Interestingly, exogenous Ca2+ application enhanced PR growth of irew1, ABA-biosynthesis deficient mutants in Arabidopsis and tomato plants in response to water potential gradients or water-deficient condition. In combination with other ABA-related mutants and pharmacological study, our results suggest that ABA is required for root elongation associated with Ca2+ influx in response to water stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yuan
- Center for Plant Water-Use and Nutrition Regulation and College of Resources and Environment, Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Crops and College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Jinshan, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Center for Plant Water-Use and Nutrition Regulation and College of Resources and Environment, Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Crops and College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Jinshan, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Ying Li
- Center for Plant Water-Use and Nutrition Regulation and College of Resources and Environment, Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Crops and College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Jinshan, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Qianwen Wang
- Center for Plant Water-Use and Nutrition Regulation and College of Resources and Environment, Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Crops and College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Jinshan, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Feiyun Xu
- Center for Plant Water-Use and Nutrition Regulation and College of Resources and Environment, Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Crops and College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Jinshan, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Xiaolin Dang
- Center for Plant Water-Use and Nutrition Regulation and College of Resources and Environment, Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Crops and College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Jinshan, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Weifeng Xu
- Center for Plant Water-Use and Nutrition Regulation and College of Resources and Environment, Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Crops and College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Jinshan, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong and Stake Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Rui Miao
- Center for Plant Water-Use and Nutrition Regulation and College of Resources and Environment, Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Crops and College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Jinshan, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
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34
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Yang K, Li CY, An JP, Wang DR, Wang X, Wang CK, You CX. The C2H2-type zinc finger transcription factor MdZAT10 negatively regulates drought tolerance in apple. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 167:390-399. [PMID: 34404010 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Various abiotic stressors, particularly drought stress, affect plant growth and yield. Zinc finger proteins play an important role in plant abiotic stress tolerance. Here, we isolated the apple MdZAT10 gene, a C2H2-type zinc finger protein, which is a homolog of Arabidopsis STZ/ZAT10. MdZAT10 was localized to the nucleus and highly expressed in leaves and fruit. Promoter analysis showed that MdZAT10 contained several response elements and the transcription level of MdZAT10 was induced by abiotic stress and hormone treatments. MdZAT10 was responsive to drought treatment both at the transcriptional and post-translational levels. MdZAT10-overexpressing apple calli decreased the expression level of MdAPX2 and increased sensitivity to PEG 6000 treatment. Moreover, ectopically expressed MdZAT10 in Arabidopsis reduced the tolerance to drought stress, and exhibited higher water loss, higher malondialdehyde (MDA) content and higher reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation under drought stress. In addition, MdZAT10 reduced the sensitivity to abscisic acid in apple. Ectopically expressed MdZAT10 in Arabidopsis promoted seed germination and seedling growth. These results indicate that MdZAT10 plays a negative regulator in the drought resistance, which can provide theoretical basis for further molecular mechanism research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Chong-Yang Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Jian-Ping An
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Da-Ru Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Xun Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Chu-Kun Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Chun-Xiang You
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, 271018, China.
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Physiological and Molecular Responses of 'Dusa' Avocado Rootstock to Water Stress: Insights for Drought Adaptation. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10102077. [PMID: 34685886 PMCID: PMC8537572 DOI: 10.3390/plants10102077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Avocado consumption is increasing year by year, and its cultivation has spread to many countries with low water availability, which threatens the sustainability and profitability of avocado orchards. However, to date, there is not much information on the behavior of commercial avocado rootstocks against drought. The aim of this research was to evaluate the physiological and molecular responses of ‘Dusa’ avocado rootstock to different levels of water stress. Plants were deficit irrigated until soil water content reached 50% (mild-WS) and 25% (severe-WS) of field capacity. Leaf water potential (Ψw), net CO2 assimilation rates (AN), transpiration rate (E), stomatal conductance (gs), and plant transpiration rates significantly decreased under both WS treatments, reaching significantly lower values in severe-WS plants. After rewatering, mild- and severe-WS plants showed a fast recovery in most physiological parameters measured. To analyze root response to different levels of drought stress, a cDNA avocado stress microarray was carried out. Plants showed a wide transcriptome response linked to the higher degree of water stress, and functional enrichment of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) revealed abundance of common sequences associated with water stress, as well as specific categories for mild-WS and severe-WS. DEGs previously linked to drought tolerance showed overexpression under both water stress levels, i.e., several transcription factors, genes related to abscisic acid (ABA) response, redox homeostasis, osmoprotection, and cell-wall organization. Taken altogether, physiological and molecular data highlight the good performance of ‘Dusa’ rootstock under low-water-availability conditions, although further water stress experiments must be carried out under field conditions.
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Li Y, Sun A, Wu Q, Zou X, Chen F, Cai R, Xie H, Zhang M, Guo X. Comprehensive genomic survey, structural classification and expression analysis of C 2H 2-type zinc finger factor in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:380. [PMID: 34407757 PMCID: PMC8375173 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03016-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The C2H2-type zinc finger proteins (C2H2-ZFPs) are one of major classes of transcription factors that play important roles in plant growth, development and stress responses. Limit information about the C2H2-ZF genes hinders the molecular breeding in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum). RESULTS In this study, 457 C2H2-ZFP proteins (including 253 splice variants), which contain four types of conserved domain (named Q, M, Z, and D), could be further classified into ten subsets. They were identified to be distributed in 21 chromosomes in T. aestivum. Subset-specific motifs, like NPL-, SFP1-, DL- (EAR-like-motif), R-, PL-, L- and EK-, might make C2H2-ZFP diverse multifunction. Interestingly, NPL- and SFP1-box were firstly found to be located in C2H2-ZFP proteins. Synteny analyses showed that only 4 pairs of C2H2 family genes in T. aestivum, 65 genes in B. distachyon, 66 genes in A. tauschii, 68 genes in rice, 9 genes in Arabidopsis, were syntenic relationships respectively. It indicated that TaZFPs were closely related to genes in Poaceae. From the published transcriptome data, totally 198 of 204 TaC2H2-ZF genes have expression data. Among them, 25 TaC2H2-ZF genes were certificated to be significantly differentially expressed in 5 different organs and 15 different development stages by quantitative RT-PCR. The 18 TaC2H2-ZF genes were verified in response to heat, drought, and heat & drought stresses. According to expression pattern analysis, several TaZFPs, like Traes_5BL_D53A846BE.1, were not only highly expressed in L2DAAs, RTLS, RMS, but also endowed tolerance to drought and heat stresses, making them good candidates for molecular breeding. CONCLUSIONS This study systematically characterized the TaC2H2-ZFPs and their potential roles in T. aestivum. Our findings provide new insights into the C2H2-ZF genes in T. aestivum as well as a foundation for further studies on the roles of TaC2H2-ZF genes in T. aestivum molecular breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongliang Li
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Aolong Sun
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Qun Wu
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Zou
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Fenglin Chen
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Ruqiong Cai
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Hai Xie
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China.
| | - Xinhong Guo
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China.
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Hussain Q, Asim M, Zhang R, Khan R, Farooq S, Wu J. Transcription Factors Interact with ABA through Gene Expression and Signaling Pathways to Mitigate Drought and Salinity Stress. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1159. [PMID: 34439825 PMCID: PMC8393639 DOI: 10.3390/biom11081159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Among abiotic stressors, drought and salinity seriously affect crop growth worldwide. In plants, research has aimed to increase stress-responsive protein synthesis upstream or downstream of the various transcription factors (TFs) that alleviate drought and salinity stress. TFs play diverse roles in controlling gene expression in plants, which is necessary to regulate biological processes, such as development and environmental stress responses. In general, plant responses to different stress conditions may be either abscisic acid (ABA)-dependent or ABA-independent. A detailed understanding of how TF pathways and ABA interact to cause stress responses is essential to improve tolerance to drought and salinity stress. Despite previous progress, more active approaches based on TFs are the current focus. Therefore, the present review emphasizes the recent advancements in complex cascades of gene expression during drought and salinity responses, especially identifying the specificity and crosstalk in ABA-dependent and -independent signaling pathways. This review also highlights the transcriptional regulation of gene expression governed by various key TF pathways, including AP2/ERF, bHLH, bZIP, DREB, GATA, HD-Zip, Homeo-box, MADS-box, MYB, NAC, Tri-helix, WHIRLY, WOX, WRKY, YABBY, and zinc finger, operating in ABA-dependent and -independent signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quaid Hussain
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, 666 Wusu Street, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Q.H.); (R.Z.)
| | - Muhammad Asim
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Qingdao 266101, China; (M.A.); (R.K.)
| | - Rui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, 666 Wusu Street, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Q.H.); (R.Z.)
| | - Rayyan Khan
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Qingdao 266101, China; (M.A.); (R.K.)
| | - Saqib Farooq
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agric-Environment and Agric-Products Safety, Agricultural College of Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China;
| | - Jiasheng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, 666 Wusu Street, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Q.H.); (R.Z.)
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Identification of C 2H 2 subfamily ZAT genes in Gossypium species reveals GhZAT34 and GhZAT79 enhanced salt tolerance in Arabidopsis and cotton. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 184:967-980. [PMID: 34197850 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.06.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinization is a vital factor that restricts the efficient and sustainable development of global agriculture. Studies enlightened that the C2H2 zinc finger proteins (C2H2-ZFP) were involved in regulating the stress response in plants. However, knowledge of the C2H2-ZFP subfamily C1 (ZAT; Zinc finger of Arabidopsis thaliana) in cotton is still a mystery. In this study, 47, 45, 94, and 88 ZAT genes were obtained from diploid A2, D5 and tetraploid AD1, AD2 cotton genomes, respectively. The function of hybridization and allopolyploidy in the evolutionary linkage of allotetraploid cotton was explained by the family of ZAT gene in 4 species. Duplication of gene activities indicates that the family of ZAT gene of cotton evolution was under strong purifying selection. The integration of previous transcriptome data related to NaCl stress, strongly suggests the GhZAT34 and GhZAT79 may interact with salt resistance in upland cotton. The expression level of certain ZAT genes, higher seed germination rate of transgenic Arabidopsis and gene- silenced cotton revealed that both genes were involved in the salt tolerance of upland cotton. This study may pave the substantial understandings into the role of ZATs genes in plants as well as suggest appropriate candidate genes for breeding of cotton varieties against salinity tolerance.
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De Clercq I, Van de Velde J, Luo X, Liu L, Storme V, Van Bel M, Pottie R, Vaneechoutte D, Van Breusegem F, Vandepoele K. Integrative inference of transcriptional networks in Arabidopsis yields novel ROS signalling regulators. NATURE PLANTS 2021; 7:500-513. [PMID: 33846597 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-021-00894-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Gene regulation is a dynamic process in which transcription factors (TFs) play an important role in controlling spatiotemporal gene expression. To enhance our global understanding of regulatory interactions in Arabidopsis thaliana, different regulatory input networks capturing complementary information about DNA motifs, open chromatin, TF-binding and expression-based regulatory interactions were combined using a supervised learning approach, resulting in an integrated gene regulatory network (iGRN) covering 1,491 TFs and 31,393 target genes (1.7 million interactions). This iGRN outperforms the different input networks to predict known regulatory interactions and has a similar performance to recover functional interactions compared to state-of-the-art experimental methods. The iGRN correctly inferred known functions for 681 TFs and predicted new gene functions for hundreds of unknown TFs. For regulators predicted to be involved in reactive oxygen species (ROS) stress regulation, we confirmed in total 75% of TFs with a function in ROS and/or physiological stress responses. This includes 13 ROS regulators, previously not connected to any ROS or stress function, that were experimentally validated in our ROS-specific phenotypic assays of loss- or gain-of-function lines. In conclusion, the presented iGRN offers a high-quality starting point to enhance our understanding of gene regulation in plants by integrating different experimental data types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inge De Clercq
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Jan Van de Velde
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
- Bioinformatics Institute Ghent, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Xiaopeng Luo
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
- Bioinformatics Institute Ghent, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Veronique Storme
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Michiel Van Bel
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Robin Pottie
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dries Vaneechoutte
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
- Bioinformatics Institute Ghent, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Frank Van Breusegem
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Klaas Vandepoele
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium.
- Bioinformatics Institute Ghent, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
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Wang Z, Kuang J, Han B, Chen S, Liu A. Genomic characterization and expression profiles of stress-associated proteins (SAPs) in castor bean ( Ricinus communis). PLANT DIVERSITY 2021; 43:152-162. [PMID: 33997548 PMCID: PMC8103421 DOI: 10.1016/j.pld.2020.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Stress-associated proteins (SAPs) are known as response factors to multiple abiotic and biotic stresses in plants. However, the potential physiological and molecular functions of SAPs remain largely unclear. Castor bean (Ricinus communis L.) is one of the most economically valuable non-edible woody oilseed crops, able to be widely cultivated in marginal lands worldwide because of its broad adaptive capacity to soil and climate conditions. Whether SAPs in castor bean plays a key role in adapting diverse soil conditions and stresses remains unknown. In this study, we used the castor bean genome to identify and characterize nine castor bean SAP genes (RcSAP). Structural analysis showed that castor bean SAP gene structures and functional domain types vary greatly, differing in intron number, protein sequence, and functional domain type. Notably, the AN1-C2H2-C2H2 zinc finger domain within RcSAP9 has not been often observed in other plant families. High throughput RNA-seq data showed that castor bean SAP gene profiles varied among different tissues. In addition, castor bean SAP gene expression varied in response to different stresses, including salt, drought, heat, cold and ABA and MeJA, suggesting that the transcriptional regulation of castor bean SAP genes might operate independently of each other, and at least partially independent from ABA and MeJA signal pathways. Cis-element analyses for each castor bean SAP gene showed that no common cis-elements are shared across the nine castor bean SAP genes. Castor bean SAPs were localized to different regions of cells, including the cytoplasm, nucleus, and cytomembrane. This study provides a comprehensive profile of castor bean SAP genes that advances our understanding of their potential physiological and molecular functions in regulating growth and development and their responses to different abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaiqing Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
- Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jingge Kuang
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, China
| | - Bing Han
- Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Suiyun Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Aizhong Liu
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, China
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Montes N, Cobos A, Gil-Valle M, Caro E, Pagán I. Arabidopsis thaliana Genes Associated with Cucumber mosaic virus Virulence and Their Link to Virus Seed Transmission. Microorganisms 2021; 9:692. [PMID: 33801693 PMCID: PMC8067046 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9040692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Virulence, the effect of pathogen infection on progeny production, is a major determinant of host and pathogen fitness as it affects host fecundity and pathogen transmission. In plant-virus interactions, ample evidence indicates that virulence is genetically controlled by both partners. However, the host genetic determinants are poorly understood. Through a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 154 Arabidopsis thaliana genotypes infected by Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), we identified eight host genes associated with virulence, most of them involved in response to biotic stresses and in cell wall biogenesis in plant reproductive structures. Given that virulence is a main determinant of the efficiency of plant virus seed transmission, we explored the link between this trait and the genetic regulation of virulence. Our results suggest that the same functions that control virulence are also important for CMV transmission through seeds. In sum, this work provides evidence of a novel role for some previously known plant defense genes and for the cell wall metabolism in plant virus interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Montes
- Unidad de Fisiología Vegetal, Departamento Ciencias Farmacéuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU Universities, Boadilla del Monte, 28003 Madrid, Spain;
- Servicio de Reumatología, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS-IP), 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Cobos
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas UPM-INIA and Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, E.T.S. Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28045 Madrid, Spain; (A.C.); (M.G.-V.); (E.C.)
| | - Miriam Gil-Valle
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas UPM-INIA and Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, E.T.S. Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28045 Madrid, Spain; (A.C.); (M.G.-V.); (E.C.)
| | - Elena Caro
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas UPM-INIA and Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, E.T.S. Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28045 Madrid, Spain; (A.C.); (M.G.-V.); (E.C.)
| | - Israel Pagán
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas UPM-INIA and Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, E.T.S. Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28045 Madrid, Spain; (A.C.); (M.G.-V.); (E.C.)
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Sharma R, Mahanty B, Mishra R, Joshi RK. Genome wide identification and expression analysis of pepper C 2H 2 zinc finger transcription factors in response to anthracnose pathogen Colletotrichum truncatum. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:118. [PMID: 33747699 PMCID: PMC7933328 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-02601-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Although, the C2H2 zinc finger (ZF) family of plant transcription factors have been implicated in multiple biological processes, they are yet to be characterized in the economically important chilli pepper (Capsicum annuum). In this study, a total of 79 C2H2 ZF genes were identified in the pepper genome. Phylogenetic analysis categorized the pepper C2H2 ZF (CaZF) members into five subfamilies each with unique conserved domains and functions. Genomic organization revealed that CaZF genes have variable number of introns consistent with the characteristics defined by the evolutionary analysis. Segmental duplication-based purifying selection contributed to the expansion of CaZF genes in pepper. Additionally, 11 CaZF genes were identified as targets for 38 miRNAs indicating their role in post-transcriptional silencing-mediated genetic regulation. Gene expression analysis revealed that 18 CaZF genes were differentially expressed post-infection with the anthrocnose pathogen Colletotrichum truncatum, uncovering their potential function in pepper response to biotic stresses. Moreover, CaZFs were significantly induced post-treatment with methyl jasmonate and ethylene indicating their role in defense signaling. Notably, the MeJA responsive cis-elements were detected in the promoter regions of majority of CaZF genes, suggesting that CaZFs may be implicated in defense-responsive signal cross talking. Additionally, 18 CaZF genes were differentially expressed under drought and heat treatment, indicating their involvement in plant response to abiotic stresses. Overall, a comprehensive analysis of CaZF gene family in pepper provided significant insights into the understanding of C2H2 ZF-mediated stress regulation network, which would benefit the genetic improvement of pepper and other allied plants. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-020-02601-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Rama Devi Women’s University, Vidya Vihar, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751022 India
| | - Bijayalaxmi Mahanty
- Department of Biotechnology, Rama Devi Women’s University, Vidya Vihar, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751022 India
| | - Rukmini Mishra
- School of Applied Sciences, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Bhubaneswar, Odisha India
| | - Raj Kumar Joshi
- Department of Biotechnology, Rama Devi Women’s University, Vidya Vihar, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751022 India
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CmLOX10 positively regulates drought tolerance through jasmonic acid -mediated stomatal closure in oriental melon (Cucumis melo var. makuwa Makino). Sci Rep 2020; 10:17452. [PMID: 33060707 PMCID: PMC7562952 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74550-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Drought stress severely impairs plant growth and production. Lipoxygenase (LOX), a master regulator for lipid peroxidation, is critical for direct or indirect response to abiotic stresses. Here, we found that drought stress induced the transcription of CmLOX10 in leaves of oriental melon seedlings. Reverse genetic approaches and physiological analyses revealed that silencing CmLOX10 increased drought susceptibility and stomatal aperture in oriental melon seedlings, and that ectopic overexpression of CmLOX10 in Arabidopsis enhanced drought tolerance and decreased the stomatal aperture. Moreover, the transcription of jasmonic acid (JA)-related genes and JA accumulation were significantly induced in CmLOX10-overexpressed Arabidopsis, which were reversely suppressed in CmLOX10-silenced seedlings during the stage of drought stress. Foliar application of JA further verified that JA enhanced drought tolerance and induced stomatal closure in leaves of melon seedlings. In addition, the feedback regulation of CmLOX10 was induced by JA signaling, and the expression level of CmMYC2 was increased by JA and drought treatment. Yeast one-hybrid analysis showed that CmMYC2 directly bound to the promoter of CmLOX10. In summary, we identified the important roles of CmLOX10 in the regulation of drought tolerance in oriental melon seedlings through JA- mediated stomatal closure and JA signaling-mediated feedback through CmMYC2.
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Ahmed RF, Irfan M, Shakir HA, Khan M, Chen L. Engineering drought tolerance in plants by modification of transcription and signalling factors. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2020.1805359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rida Fatima Ahmed
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Irfan
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Abdullah Shakir
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of life Science, University of the Punjab New Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Khan
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of life Science, University of the Punjab New Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Lijing Chen
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
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Yin J, Wang L, Zhao J, Li Y, Huang R, Jiang X, Zhou X, Zhu X, He Y, He Y, Liu Y, Zhu Y. Genome-wide characterization of the C2H2 zinc-finger genes in Cucumis sativus and functional analyses of four CsZFPs in response to stresses. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:359. [PMID: 32727369 PMCID: PMC7392682 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02575-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS C2H2-type zinc finger protein (ZFPs) form a relatively large family of transcriptional regulators in plants, and play many roles in plant growth, development, and stress response. However, the comprehensive analysis of C2H2 ZFPs in cucumber (CsZFPs) and their regulation function in cucumber are still lacking. RESULTS In the current study, the whole genome identification and characterization of CsZFPs, including the gene structure, genome localization, phylogenetic relationship, and gene expression were performed. Functional analysis of 4 selected genes by transient transformation were also conducted. A total of 129 full-length CsZFPs were identified, which could be classified into four groups according to the phylogenetic analysis. The 129 CsZFPs unequally distributed on 7 chromosomes. Promoter cis-element analysis showed that the CsZFPs might involve in the regulation of phytohormone and/or abiotic stress response, and 93 CsZFPs were predicted to be targeted by one to 20 miRNAs. Moreover, the subcellular localization analysis indicated that 10 tested CsZFPs located in the nucleus and the transcriptome profiling analysis of CsZFPs demonstrated that these genes are involved in root and floral development, pollination and fruit spine. Furthermore, the transient overexpression of Csa1G085390 and Csa7G071440 into Nicotiana benthamiana plants revealed that they could decrease and induce leave necrosis in response to pathogen attack, respectively, and they could enhance salt and drought stresses through the initial induction of H2O2. In addition, Csa4G642460 and Csa6G303740 could induce cell death after 5 days transformation. CONCLUSIONS The identification and function analysis of CsZFPs demonstrated that some key individual CsZFPs might play essential roles in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. These results could lay the foundation for understanding the role of CsZFPs in cucumber development for future genetic engineering studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junliang Yin
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland/College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434000 Hubei China
| | - Lixin Wang
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001 Hebei China
| | - Jiao Zhao
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001 Hebei China
| | - Yiting Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland/College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434000 Hubei China
| | - Rong Huang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland/College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434000 Hubei China
| | - Xinchen Jiang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland/College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434000 Hubei China
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434000 Hubei China
| | - Xiaokang Zhou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland/College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434000 Hubei China
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434000 Hubei China
| | - Xiongmeng Zhu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland/College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434000 Hubei China
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434000 Hubei China
| | - Yang He
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland/College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434000 Hubei China
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434000 Hubei China
| | - Yiqin He
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland/College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434000 Hubei China
| | - Yiqing Liu
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434000 Hubei China
| | - Yongxing Zhu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland/College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434000 Hubei China
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434000 Hubei China
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Yu Q, Li C, Zhang J, Tian Y, Wang H, Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Xiang Q, Han X, Zhang L. Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the Dof gene family under drought stress in tea ( Camellia sinensis). PeerJ 2020; 8:e9269. [PMID: 32566398 PMCID: PMC7293185 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background DNA-binding one zinc finger (Dof) proteins are plant-specific transcription factors important for seed development, hormone regulation, and defense against abiotic stress. Although drought stress is a key determinant of plant physiology and metabolic homeostasis, the role of Dof genes in different degrees of PEG6000-induced drought stress has received little attention. Methods Tea plants (Camellia sinensis) were exposed to mild, moderate and severe drought stress. The Tea Genome and Plant TFDB databases were used to identify Dof gene family members in the tea plant. Clustal W2.1, MEGA6.0, ScanProsite, SMART, ExPASy, GSDS, MEME and STRING were used to build a phylogenetic tree, predict the molecular masses and isoelectric points of the Dof proteins, and construct a predicted protein-protein interaction network between the CsDof TFs and proteins in the A. thaliana database. The expression patterns of Dof genes in different tissues were analyzed, and qRT-PCR was used to measure the expression of Dof genes under different degrees of drought stress in tea. Results We identified 16 Dof genes in tea (C. sinensis cv. Huangjinya) using whole-genome analysis. Through comparative analysis of tea and Arabidopsis thaliana, we divided the Dof genes into four families (A, B, C, and D). We identified 15 motifs in the amino acid sequences of the CsDof proteins. Gene sequences and motif structures were highly conserved among families, especially in the B1 and C2 subfamilies. The protein-protein interaction network indicated that multiple CsDof proteins may be involved in the response to drought stress. Real-time PCR was used to examine the tissue-specific expression patterns of the CsDof genes and to measure their responses to different levels of PEG6000-induced drought stress in mature leaves. Most CsDof genes responded to drought stress. These results provide information on the Dof gene family in tea, offer new insights into the function of CsDof genes in a perennial species, and lay the foundation for further analysis of their functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yu
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China.,State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Chen Li
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China.,State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Jiucheng Zhang
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China.,State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Yueyue Tian
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China.,State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Hanyue Wang
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China.,State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China.,State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Zhengqun Zhang
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China.,State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Qinzeng Xiang
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China.,State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Xiaoyang Han
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China.,State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Lixia Zhang
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China.,State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
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Liu YT, Shi QH, Cao HJ, Ma QB, Nian H, Zhang XX. Heterologous Expression of a Glycine soja C2H2 Zinc Finger Gene Improves Aluminum Tolerance in Arabidopsis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E2754. [PMID: 32326652 PMCID: PMC7215988 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21082754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) toxicity limits plant growth and has a major impact on the agricultural productivity in acidic soils. The zinc-finger protein (ZFP) family plays multiple roles in plant development and abiotic stresses. Although previous reports have confirmed the function of these genes, their transcriptional mechanisms in wild soybean (Glycine soja) are unclear. In this study, GsGIS3 was isolated from Al-tolerant wild soybean gene expression profiles to be functionally characterized in Arabidopsis. Laser confocal microscopic observations demonstrated that GsGIS3 is a nuclear protein, containing one C2H2 zinc-finger structure. Our results show that the expression of GsGIS3 was of a much higher level in the stem than in the leaf and root and was upregulated under AlCl3, NaCl or GA3 treatment. Compared to the control, overexpression of GsGIS3 in Arabidopsis improved Al tolerance in transgenic lines with more root growth, higher proline and lower Malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation under concentrations of AlCl3. Analysis of hematoxylin staining indicated that GsGIS3 enhanced the resistance of transgenic plants to Al toxicity by reducing Al accumulation in Arabidopsis roots. Moreover, GsGIS3 expression in Arabidopsis enhanced the expression of Al-tolerance-related genes. Taken together, our findings indicate that GsGIS3, as a C2H2 ZFP, may enhance tolerance to Al toxicity through positive regulation of Al-tolerance-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Tai Liu
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.-T.L.); (Q.-H.S.); (H.-J.C.); (Q.-B.M.)
- The Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- The Guangdong Subcenter of National Center for Soybean Improvement, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Qi-Han Shi
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.-T.L.); (Q.-H.S.); (H.-J.C.); (Q.-B.M.)
- The Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- The Guangdong Subcenter of National Center for Soybean Improvement, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - He-Jie Cao
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.-T.L.); (Q.-H.S.); (H.-J.C.); (Q.-B.M.)
- The Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- The Guangdong Subcenter of National Center for Soybean Improvement, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Qi-Bin Ma
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.-T.L.); (Q.-H.S.); (H.-J.C.); (Q.-B.M.)
- The Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- The Guangdong Subcenter of National Center for Soybean Improvement, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Hai Nian
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.-T.L.); (Q.-H.S.); (H.-J.C.); (Q.-B.M.)
- The Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- The Guangdong Subcenter of National Center for Soybean Improvement, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xiu-Xiang Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.-T.L.); (Q.-H.S.); (H.-J.C.); (Q.-B.M.)
- The Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- The Guangdong Subcenter of National Center for Soybean Improvement, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
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48
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Liu Z, Coulter JA, Li Y, Zhang X, Meng J, Zhang J, Liu Y. Genome-wide identification and analysis of the Q-type C2H2 gene family in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 153:327-340. [PMID: 32145229 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Plant Q-type C2H2 zinc finger proteins play an important role in plant tolerance to abiotic stresses. Although the Q-type C2H2 gene family has been identified in many plants, little is known about it in potato (Solanum tuberosum). In the present study, a total of 79 Q-type C2H2 proteins in potato (StZFPs) were identified and their distribution on chromosomes, gene structure, and conserved motifs was assessed. According to their protein structural and phylogenetic features, these 79 StZFPs were classified into 12 distinct subclasses. Collinearity analysis showed that tandem and segmental duplication events played a crucial role in expansion of the StZFP gene family. Synteny analysis indicated that 11 and 21 StZFP genes were orthologous to Arabidopsis and wheat (Triticum aestivum), respectively. RNA-seq data were used to analyze the tissue-specific expression and abiotic stress responses of the StZFP genes. Furthermore, we analyzed the expression of StZFP genes in drought-sensitive and drought-tolerant potato cultivars under drought stress. Subsequently, we used qPCR (Quantitative real-time-PCR) to calculate the relative expression of candidate genes in potato plantlets treated with NaCl (100 mM) and PEG 6000 (10% w/v) for 24 h. Such candidate genes could provide valuable information for abiotic stress resistance research in potato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Liu
- College of Horticulture/Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Jeffrey A Coulter
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA.
| | - Yuanming Li
- College of Horticulture/Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Xiaojing Zhang
- Dingxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Dingxi 743000, China
| | - Jiangang Meng
- Tianchi Agricultural Service Center, Huan County, Qingyang 745000, China
| | - Junlian Zhang
- College of Horticulture/Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Yuhui Liu
- College of Horticulture/Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
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49
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Han G, Lu C, Guo J, Qiao Z, Sui N, Qiu N, Wang B. C2H2 Zinc Finger Proteins: Master Regulators of Abiotic Stress Responses in Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:115. [PMID: 32153617 PMCID: PMC7044346 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Abiotic stresses such as drought and salinity are major environmental factors that limit crop yields. Unraveling the molecular mechanisms underlying abiotic stress resistance is crucial for improving crop performance and increasing productivity under adverse environmental conditions. Zinc finger proteins, comprising one of the largest transcription factor families, are known for their finger-like structure and their ability to bind Zn2+. Zinc finger proteins are categorized into nine subfamilies based on their conserved Cys and His motifs, including the Cys2/His2-type (C2H2), C3H, C3HC4, C2HC5, C4HC3, C2HC, C4, C6, and C8 subfamilies. Over the past two decades, much progress has been made in understanding the roles of C2H2 zinc finger proteins in plant growth, development, and stress signal transduction. In this review, we focus on recent progress in elucidating the structures, functions, and classifications of plant C2H2 zinc finger proteins and their roles in abiotic stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoliang Han
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Chaoxia Lu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Jianrong Guo
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Ziqi Qiao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Na Sui
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Nianwei Qiu
- College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, China
| | - Baoshan Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
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50
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Wlazło A, Święcicka M, Koter MD, Krępski T, Bolibok L, Stochmal A, Kowalczyk M, Rakoczy-Trojanowska M. Genes ScBx1 and ScIgl-Competitors or Cooperators? Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11020223. [PMID: 32093268 PMCID: PMC7074272 DOI: 10.3390/genes11020223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Two genes, Bx1 and Igl, both encoding indole-3-glycerol phosphate lyase (IGL), are believed to control the conversion of indole-3-glycerol phosphate (IGP) to indole. The first of these has generally been supposed to be regulated developmentally, being expressed at early stages of plant development with the indole being used in the benzoxazinoid (BX) biosynthesis pathway. In contrast, it has been proposed that the second one is regulated by stresses and that the associated free indole is secreted as a volatile. However, our previous results contradicted this. In the present study, we show that the ScIgl gene takes over the role of ScBx1 at later developmental stages, between the 42nd and 70th days after germination. In the majority of plants with silenced ScBx1 expression, ScIgl was either expressed at a significantly higher level than ScBx1 or it was the only gene with detectable expression. Therefore, we postulate that the synthesis of indole used in BX biosynthesis in rye is controlled by both ScBx1 and ScIgl, which are both regulated developmentally and by stresses. In silico and in vivo analyses of the promoter sequences further confirmed our hypothesis that the roles and modes of regulation of the ScBx1 and ScIgl genes are similar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Wlazło
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland; (A.W.); (M.Ś.); (M.D.K.); (T.K.)
| | - Magdalena Święcicka
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland; (A.W.); (M.Ś.); (M.D.K.); (T.K.)
| | - Marek D. Koter
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland; (A.W.); (M.Ś.); (M.D.K.); (T.K.)
| | - Tomasz Krępski
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland; (A.W.); (M.Ś.); (M.D.K.); (T.K.)
| | - Leszek Bolibok
- Department of Silviculture, Institute of Forest Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Anna Stochmal
- Department of Biochemistry and Crop Quality, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation, State Research Institute, 24-100 Puławy, Poland; (A.S.); (M.K.)
| | - Mariusz Kowalczyk
- Department of Biochemistry and Crop Quality, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation, State Research Institute, 24-100 Puławy, Poland; (A.S.); (M.K.)
| | - Monika Rakoczy-Trojanowska
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland; (A.W.); (M.Ś.); (M.D.K.); (T.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-225932150
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