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Hao Y, Luo H, Wang Z, Lu C, Ye X, Wang H, Miao L. Research progress on the mechanisms of fruit glossiness in cucumber. Gene 2024; 927:148626. [PMID: 38830516 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) is an important horticultural crop in China. Consumer requirements for aesthetically pleasing appearances of horticultural crops are gradually increasing, and cucumbers having a good visual appearance, as well as flavor, are important for breeding and industry development. The gloss of cucumber fruit epidermis is an important component of its appeal, and the wax layer on the fruit surface plays important roles in plant growth and forms a powerful barrier against external biotic and abiotic stresses. The wax of the cucumber epidermis is mainly composed of alkanes, and the luster of cucumber fruit is mainly determined by the alkane and silicon contents of the epidermis. Several genes, transcription factors, and transporters affect the synthesis of ultra-long-chain fatty acids and change the silicon content, further altering the gloss of the epidermis. However, the specific regulatory mechanisms are not clear. Here, progress in research on the luster of cucumber fruit epidermis from physiological, biochemical, and molecular regulatory perspectives are reviewed. Additionally, future research avenues in the field are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyang Hao
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Haiyan Luo
- Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety Control of Subtropical Fruits and Vegetables, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyi Wang
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chuanlong Lu
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaolong Ye
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Huasen Wang
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Li Miao
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China.
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Wang X, Fu Y, Liu X, Chang C. Wheat MIXTA-like Transcriptional Activators Positively Regulate Cuticular Wax Accumulation. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6557. [PMID: 38928263 PMCID: PMC11204111 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
MIXTA-like transcription factors AtMYB16 and AtMYB106 play important roles in the regulation of cuticular wax accumulation in dicot model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, but there are very few studies on the MIXTA-like transcription factors in monocot plants. Herein, wheat MIXTA-like transcription factors TaMIXTA1 and TaMIXTA2 were characterized as positive regulators of cuticular wax accumulation. The virus-induced gene silencing experiments showed that knock-down of wheat TaMIXTA1 and TaMIXTA2 expressions resulted in the decreased accumulation of leaf cuticular wax, increased leaf water loss rate, and potentiated chlorophyll leaching. Furthermore, three wheat orthologous genes of ECERIFERUM 5 (TaCER5-1A, 1B, and 1D) and their function in cuticular wax deposition were reported. The silencing of TaCER5 by BSMV-VIGS led to reduced loads of leaf cuticular wax and enhanced rates of leaf water loss and chlorophyll leaching, indicating the essential role of the TaCER5 gene in the deposition of wheat cuticular wax. In addition, we demonstrated that TaMIXTA1 and TaMIXTA2 function as transcriptional activators and could directly stimulate the transcription of wax biosynthesis gene TaKCS1 and wax deposition gene TaCER5. The above results strongly support that wheat MIXTA-Like transcriptional activators TaMIXTA1 and TaMIXTA2 positively regulate cuticular wax accumulation via activating TaKCS1 and TaCER5 gene transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Cheng Chang
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
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Shomo ZD, Mahboub S, Vanviratikul H, McCormick M, Tulyananda T, Roston RL, Warakanont J. All members of the Arabidopsis DGAT and PDAT acyltransferase families operate during high and low temperatures. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 195:685-697. [PMID: 38386316 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiae074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
The accumulation of triacylglycerol (TAG) in vegetative tissues is necessary to adapt to changing temperatures. It has been hypothesized that TAG accumulation is required as a storage location for maladaptive membrane lipids. The TAG acyltransferase family has five members (DIACYLGLYCEROL ACYLTRANSFERSE1/2/3 and PHOSPHOLIPID:DIACYLGLYCEROL ACYLTRANSFERASE1/2), and their individual roles during temperature challenges have either been described conflictingly or not at all. Therefore, we used Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) loss of function mutants in each acyltransferase to investigate the effects of temperature challenge on TAG accumulation, plasma membrane integrity, and temperature tolerance. All mutants were tested under one high- and two low-temperature regimens, during which we quantified lipids, assessed temperature sensitivity, and measured plasma membrane electrolyte leakage. Our findings revealed reduced effectiveness in TAG production during at least one temperature regimen for all acyltransferase mutants compared to the wild type, resolved conflicting roles of pdat1 and dgat1 by demonstrating their distinct temperature-specific actions, and uncovered that plasma membrane integrity and TAG accumulation do not always coincide, suggesting a multifaceted role of TAG beyond its conventional lipid reservoir function during temperature stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachery D Shomo
- Center for Plant Science Innovation, Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Samira Mahboub
- Center for Plant Science Innovation, Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | | | - Mason McCormick
- Center for Plant Science Innovation, Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Tatpong Tulyananda
- School of Bioinnovation and Bio-Based Product Intelligence, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Rebecca L Roston
- Center for Plant Science Innovation, Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Jaruswan Warakanont
- Department of Botany, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
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Bajpai SK, Nisha, Pandita S, Bahadur A, Verma PC. Recent advancements in the role of histone acetylation dynamics to improve stress responses in plants. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:413. [PMID: 38472555 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09300-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
In eukaryotes, transcriptional regulation is determined by the DNA sequence and is facilitated through sophisticated and complex chromatin alterations and histone remodelling. Recent research has shown that the histone acetylation dynamic, an intermittent and reversible substitution, constitutes a prerequisite for chromatin modification. These changes in chromatin structure modulate genome-wide and specific changes in response to external and internal cues like cell differentiation, development, growth, light temperature, and biotic stresses. Histone acetylation dynamics also control the cell cycle. HATs and HDACs play a critical role in gene expression modulation during plant growth and response to environmental circumstances. It has been well established that HATs and HDACs interact with various distinct transcription factors and chromatin-remodelling proteins (CRPs) involved in the transcriptional regulation of several developmental processes. This review explores recent research on histone acyltransferases and histone deacetylases, mainly focusing on their involvement in plant biotic stress responses. Moreover, we also emphasized the research gaps that must be filled to fully understand the complete function of histone acetylation dynamics during biotic stress responses in plants. A thorough understanding of histone acetylation will make it possible to enhance tolerance against various kinds of stress and decrease yield losses in many crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Kumar Bajpai
- Molecular Biology & Biotechnology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research) Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, UP, 226001, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Nisha
- Molecular Biology & Biotechnology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research) Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, UP, 226001, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Shivali Pandita
- Molecular Biology & Biotechnology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research) Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, UP, 226001, India
- Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226007, India
| | - Anand Bahadur
- Molecular Biology & Biotechnology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research) Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, UP, 226001, India
- Department of Botany, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226007, India
| | - Praveen C Verma
- Molecular Biology & Biotechnology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research) Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, UP, 226001, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India.
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Brassica napus BnaC9.DEWAX1 Negatively Regulates Wax Biosynthesis via Transcriptional Suppression of BnCER1-2. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054287. [PMID: 36901718 PMCID: PMC10002155 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Very-long-chain alkane plays an important role as an aliphatic barrier. We previously reported that BnCER1-2 was responsible for alkane biosynthesis in Brassica napus and improved plant tolerance to drought. However, how the expression of BnCER1-2 is regulated is still unknown. Through yeast one-hybrid screening, we identified a transcriptional regulator of BnCER1-2, BnaC9.DEWAX1, which encodes AP2\ERF transcription factor. BnaC9.DEWAX1 targets the nucleus and displays transcriptional repression activity. Electrophoretic mobility shift and transient transcriptional assays suggested that BnaC9.DEWAX1 repressed the transcription of BnCER1-2 by directly interacting with its promoter. BnaC9.DEWAX1 was expressed predominantly in leaves and siliques, which was similar to the expression pattern of BnCER1-2. Hormone and major abiotic stresses such as drought and high salinity affected the expression of BnaC9.DEWAX1. Ectopic expression of BnaC9.DEWAX1 in Arabidopsis plants down-regulated CER1 transcription levels and resulted in a reduction in alkanes and total wax loads in leaves and stems when compared with the wild type, whereas the wax depositions in the dewax mutant returned to the wild type level after complementation of BnaC9.DEWAX1 in the mutant. Moreover, both altered cuticular wax composition and structure contribute to increased epidermal permeability in BnaC9.DEWAX1 overexpression lines. Collectively, these results support the notion that BnaC9.DEWAX1 negatively regulates wax biosynthesis by binding directly to the BnCER1-2 promoter, which provides insights into the regulatory mechanism of wax biosynthesis in B. napus.
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Zhao H, Ge Z, Zhou M, Bai R, Zeng H, Wei Y, He C, Shi H. Histone acetyltransferase HAM1 interacts with molecular chaperone DNAJA2 and confers immune responses through salicylic acid biosynthetic genes in cassava. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2023; 46:635-649. [PMID: 36451539 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Cassava bacterial blight (CBB) is one of the most serious diseases in cassava production, so it is essential to explore the underlying mechanism of immune responses. Histone acetylation is an important epigenetic modification, however, its relationship with cassava disease resistance remains unclear. Here, we identified 10 histone acetyltransferases in cassava and found that the transcript of MeHAM1 showed the highest induction to CBB. Functional analysis showed that MeHAM1 positively regulated disease resistance to CBB through modulation of salicylic acid (SA) accumulation. Further investigation revealed that MeHAM1 directly activated SA biosynthetic genes' expression via promoting lysine 9 of histone 3 (H3K9) acetylation and lysine 5 of histone 4 (H4K5) acetylation of these genes. In addition, molecular chaperone MeDNAJA2 physically interacted with MeHAM1, and MeDNAJA2 also regulated plant immune responses and SA biosynthetic genes. In conclusion, this study illustrates that MeHAM1 and MeDNAJA2 confer immune responses through transcriptional programming of SA biosynthetic genes via histone acetylation. The MeHAM1 & MeDNAJA2-SA biosynthesis module not only constructs the direct relationship between histone acetylation and cassava disease resistance, but also provides gene network with potential value for genetic improvement of cassava disease resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiping Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Salt Tolerant Crops of Hainan Province, Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources (Provincial Ministry Building State Key Laboratory Breeding Base), Sanya Nanfan Research Institute-College of Tropical Crops, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nanfan and High-Efficiency Tropical Agriculture, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Zhongyuan Ge
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Salt Tolerant Crops of Hainan Province, Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources (Provincial Ministry Building State Key Laboratory Breeding Base), Sanya Nanfan Research Institute-College of Tropical Crops, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nanfan and High-Efficiency Tropical Agriculture, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Salt Tolerant Crops of Hainan Province, Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources (Provincial Ministry Building State Key Laboratory Breeding Base), Sanya Nanfan Research Institute-College of Tropical Crops, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nanfan and High-Efficiency Tropical Agriculture, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Ruoyu Bai
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Salt Tolerant Crops of Hainan Province, Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources (Provincial Ministry Building State Key Laboratory Breeding Base), Sanya Nanfan Research Institute-College of Tropical Crops, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nanfan and High-Efficiency Tropical Agriculture, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Hongqiu Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Salt Tolerant Crops of Hainan Province, Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources (Provincial Ministry Building State Key Laboratory Breeding Base), Sanya Nanfan Research Institute-College of Tropical Crops, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nanfan and High-Efficiency Tropical Agriculture, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, Hainan, China
| | - Yunxie Wei
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Salt Tolerant Crops of Hainan Province, Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources (Provincial Ministry Building State Key Laboratory Breeding Base), Sanya Nanfan Research Institute-College of Tropical Crops, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nanfan and High-Efficiency Tropical Agriculture, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, Hainan, China
| | - Chaozu He
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Salt Tolerant Crops of Hainan Province, Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources (Provincial Ministry Building State Key Laboratory Breeding Base), Sanya Nanfan Research Institute-College of Tropical Crops, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nanfan and High-Efficiency Tropical Agriculture, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, Hainan, China
| | - Haitao Shi
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Salt Tolerant Crops of Hainan Province, Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources (Provincial Ministry Building State Key Laboratory Breeding Base), Sanya Nanfan Research Institute-College of Tropical Crops, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nanfan and High-Efficiency Tropical Agriculture, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, Hainan, China
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Wang X, Chang C. Exploring and exploiting cuticle biosynthesis for abiotic and biotic stress tolerance in wheat and barley. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1064390. [PMID: 36438119 PMCID: PMC9685406 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1064390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Wheat and barley are widely distributed cereal crops whose yields are adversely affected by environmental stresses such as drought, salinity, extreme temperatures, and attacks of pathogens and pests. As the interphase between aerial plant organs and their environments, hydrophobic cuticle largely consists of a cutin matrix impregnated and sealed with cuticular waxes. Increasing evidence supports that the cuticle plays a key role in plant adaptation to abiotic and biotic stresses, which could be harnessed for wheat and barley improvement. In this review, we highlighted recent advances in cuticle biosynthesis and its multifaceted roles in abiotic and biotic stress tolerance of wheat and barley. Current strategies, challenges, and future perspectives on manipulating cuticle biosynthesis for abiotic and biotic stress tolerance in wheat and barley are discussed.
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Lee HG, Jeong YY, Lee H, Seo PJ. Arabidopsis HISTONE DEACETYLASE 9 Stimulates Hypocotyl Cell Elongation by Repressing GIGANTEA Expression Under Short Day Photoperiod. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:950378. [PMID: 35923878 PMCID: PMC9341324 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.950378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Developmental plasticity contributes to plant adaptation and fitness in a given condition. Hypocotyl elongation is under the tight control of complex genetic networks encompassing light, circadian, and photoperiod signaling. In this study, we demonstrate that HISTONE DEACETYLASE 9 (HDA9) mediates day length-dependent hypocotyl cell elongation. HDA9 binds to the GIGANTEA (GI) locus involved in photoperiodic hypocotyl elongation. The short day (SD)-accumulated HDA9 protein promotes histone H3 deacetylation at the GI locus during the dark period, promoting hypocotyl elongation. Consistently, HDA9-deficient mutants display reduced hypocotyl length, along with an increase in GI gene expression, only under SD conditions. Taken together, our study reveals the genetic basis of day length-dependent cell elongation in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Gil Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yeong Yeop Jeong
- Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Hongwoo Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Pil Joon Seo
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
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Xu Y, Miao Y, Tian X, Wang Q, Hu Y, Luo Q. Transcriptomic and Epigenomic Assessment Reveals Epigenetic Regulation of WRKY Genes in Response to Magnaporthe oryzae Infection in Rice. Curr Genomics 2022; 23:182-194. [PMID: 36777006 PMCID: PMC9878826 DOI: 10.2174/1389202923666220510195910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Histone acetylations acting as active hallmarks for gene transcription is involved in regulating numerous developmental and stress-responsive gene expression. Methods: The data from chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) was performed by using histone H3 lysine 9 acetylation (H3K9ac) antibody, and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) utilizing rice seedlings inoculated by Magnaporthe oryzae (M. oryzae) were integrated. Results: RNA-seq data revealed that 422, 460 and 466 genes were up-regulated at 12h, 24h and 48h after inoculation. ChIP-seq data showed that 60%-80% of blast up-regulated genes at different time points were marked with H3K9ac, which was prone to be enriched in both TSS and gene body region. However, the H3K9ac level at a rather small proportion of the up-regulated genes was elevated after M. oryzae inoculation. We found that seven WRKY genes induced by rice blast fungus harbor H3K9ac. For different WRKY genes, blast fungus induction led to the increase of H3K9ac in distinct regions, including promoter, TSS or gene body, indicating that histone acetylation may play diverse roles in the activation of defense-related genes. By searching DNA-binding motifs of transcription factors in the promoter of genes with increased H3K9ac after M. oryzae infection, we found that ERF family protein-binding motifs were enriched with high -log P-value (>20), including ERF1, DEAR3, DREB2C, RAP2.6, RRTF1_3ARY, all of which contain GCC-box (GCCGCC). Conclusion: In this study, we revealed that the vast majority of genes induced by fungus M. oryzae were marked with H3K9ac preferring both TSS and gene body regions. However, H3K9ac enrichment was increased, responding to M. oryzae inoculation only at a low proportion of these genes, including several WRKY genes. Besides, for different genes, the increment of H3K9ac occurred in different regions. Finally, ERF proteins that have been proved to bind GCC-box might be one of the potential transcription factors for recruiting histone acetyltransferases to deposit histone acetylation at defense-related genes in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan/Ministry of Education, Key Labo-ratory of Agricultural Biodiversity for Plant Disease Management, Yunnan Agricultural University, 650201, Kunming, China;,College of Bioengineering, Jingchu University of Technology, 448000, Jingmen, China;,These authors contributed equally to this work.
| | - Yuanxin Miao
- College of Bioengineering, Jingchu University of Technology, 448000, Jingmen, China;,These authors contributed equally to this work.
| | - Xuejun Tian
- College of Bioengineering, Jingchu University of Technology, 448000, Jingmen, China
| | - Qihai Wang
- College of Bioengineering, Jingchu University of Technology, 448000, Jingmen, China
| | - Yongfeng Hu
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Regional Plant Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Biotechnology Research Center, China Three Gorges University, 443002, Yichang, Hubei, China,Address correspondence to these authors at the State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan/Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biodiversity for Plant Disease Management, Yunnan Agricultural University, 650201, Kunming, China; Tel/Fax: 13769133718; E-mail: and Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Regional Plant Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Biotechnology Research Center, China Three Gorges University, 443002, Yichang, Hubei, China; Tel/Fax: 13677246318; E-mail:
| | - Qiong Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan/Ministry of Education, Key Labo-ratory of Agricultural Biodiversity for Plant Disease Management, Yunnan Agricultural University, 650201, Kunming, China;,Address correspondence to these authors at the State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan/Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biodiversity for Plant Disease Management, Yunnan Agricultural University, 650201, Kunming, China; Tel/Fax: 13769133718; E-mail: and Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Regional Plant Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Biotechnology Research Center, China Three Gorges University, 443002, Yichang, Hubei, China; Tel/Fax: 13677246318; E-mail:
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Cheng D, Li L, Rizhsky L, Bhandary P, Nikolau BJ. Heterologous Expression and Characterization of Plant Wax Ester Producing Enzymes. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12070577. [PMID: 35888701 PMCID: PMC9319179 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12070577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Wax esters are widely distributed among microbes, plants, and mammals, and they serve protective and energy storage functions. Three classes of enzymes catalyze the reaction between a fatty acyl alcohol and a fatty acyl-CoA, generating wax esters. Multiple isozymes of two of these enzyme classes, the membrane-bound O-acyltransferase class of wax synthase (WS) and the bifunctional wax synthase/diacylglycerol acyl transferase (WSD), co-exist in plants. Although WSD enzymes are known to produce the wax esters of the plant cuticle, the functionality of plant WS enzymes is less well characterized. In this study, we investigated the phylogenetic relationships among the 12 WS and 11 WSD isozymes that occur in Arabidopsis, and established two in vivo heterologous expression systems, in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and in Arabidopsis seeds to investigate the catalytic abilities of the WS enzymes. These two refactored wax assembly chassis were used to demonstrate that WS isozymes show distinct differences in the types of esters that can be assembled. We also determined the cellular and subcellular localization of two Arabidopsis WS isozymes. Additionally, using publicly available Arabidopsis transcriptomics data, we identified the co-expression modules of the 12 Arabidopsis WS coding genes. Collectively, these analyses suggest that WS genes may function in cuticle assembly and in supporting novel photosynthetic function(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- Daolin Cheng
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (D.C.); (L.L.); (L.R.)
- Center for Metabolic Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Ling Li
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (D.C.); (L.L.); (L.R.)
- Center for Metabolic Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA;
- Biological Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
| | - Ludmila Rizhsky
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (D.C.); (L.L.); (L.R.)
- Center for Metabolic Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Priyanka Bhandary
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA;
| | - Basil J. Nikolau
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (D.C.); (L.L.); (L.R.)
- Center for Metabolic Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-515-290-3382
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Xing G, Jin M, Qu R, Zhang J, Han Y, Han Y, Wang X, Li X, Ma F, Zhao X. Genome-wide investigation of histone acetyltransferase gene family and its responses to biotic and abiotic stress in foxtail millet (Setaria italica [L.] P. Beauv). BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:292. [PMID: 35701737 PMCID: PMC9199193 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03676-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Modification of histone acetylation is a ubiquitous and reversible process in eukaryotes and prokaryotes and plays crucial roles in the regulation of gene expression during plant development and stress responses. Histone acetylation is co-regulated by histone acetyltransferase (HAT) and histone deacetylase (HDAC). HAT plays an essential regulatory role in various growth and development processes by modifying the chromatin structure through interactions with other histone modifications and transcription factors in eukaryotic cells, affecting the transcription of genes. Comprehensive analyses of HAT genes have been performed in Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa. However, little information is available on the HAT genes in foxtail millet (Setaria italica [L.] P. Beauv). RESULTS In this study, 24 HAT genes (SiHATs) were identified and divided into four groups with conserved gene structures via motif composition analysis. Phylogenetic analysis of the genes was performed to predict functional similarities between Arabidopsis thaliana, Oryza sativa, and foxtail millet; 19 and 2 orthologous gene pairs were individually identified. Moreover, all identified HAT gene pairs likely underwent purified selection based on their non-synonymous/synonymous nucleotide substitutions. Using published transcriptome data, we found that SiHAT genes were preferentially expressed in some tissues and organs. Stress responses were also examined, and data showed that SiHAT gene transcription was influenced by drought, salt, low nitrogen, and low phosphorus stress, and that the expression of four SiHATs was altered as a result of infection by Sclerospora graminicola. CONCLUSIONS Results indicated that histone acetylation may play an important role in plant growth and development and stress adaptations. These findings suggest that SiHATs play specific roles in the response to abiotic stress and viral infection. This study lays a foundation for further analysis of the biological functions of SiHATs in foxtail millet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guofang Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, 030031, Taiyuan, China
- College of Agricultural, Shanxi Agricultural University, 030801, Jinzhong, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Minor Crop Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, Shanxi Agricultural University, 030031, Taiyuan, China
| | - Minshan Jin
- College of Agricultural, Shanxi Agricultural University, 030801, Jinzhong, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Minor Crop Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, Shanxi Agricultural University, 030031, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ruifang Qu
- College of Agricultural, Shanxi Agricultural University, 030801, Jinzhong, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Minor Crop Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, Shanxi Agricultural University, 030031, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jiewei Zhang
- Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, 100097, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, 100097, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanhuai Han
- College of Agricultural, Shanxi Agricultural University, 030801, Jinzhong, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Minor Crop Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, Shanxi Agricultural University, 030031, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yanqing Han
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Minor Crop Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, Shanxi Agricultural University, 030031, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xingchun Wang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Minor Crop Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, Shanxi Agricultural University, 030031, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xukai Li
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Minor Crop Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, Shanxi Agricultural University, 030031, Taiyuan, China
| | - Fangfang Ma
- College of Agricultural, Shanxi Agricultural University, 030801, Jinzhong, China.
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Minor Crop Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, Shanxi Agricultural University, 030031, Taiyuan, China.
| | - Xiongwei Zhao
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Minor Crop Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, Shanxi Agricultural University, 030031, Taiyuan, China.
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, 030801, China.
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12
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Yang X, Cui L, Li S, Ma C, Kosma DK, Zhao H, Lü S. Fatty alcohol oxidase 3 (FAO3) and FAO4b connect the alcohol- and alkane-forming pathways in Arabidopsis stem wax biosynthesis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:3018-3029. [PMID: 35560209 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The alcohol- and alkane-forming pathways in cuticular wax biosynthesis are well characterized in Arabidopsis. However, potential interactions between the two pathways remain unclear. Here, we reveal that mutation of CER4, the key gene in the alcohol-forming pathway, also led to a deficiency in the alkane-forming pathway in distal stems. To trace the connection between the two pathways, we characterized two homologs of fatty alcohol oxidase (FAO), FAO3 and FAO4b, which were highly expressed in distal stems and localized to the endoplasmic reticulum. The amounts of waxes from the alkane-forming pathway were significantly decreased in stems of fao4b and much lower in fao3 fao4b plants, indicative of an overlapping function for the two proteins in wax synthesis. Additionally, overexpression of FAO3 and FAO4b in Arabidopsis resulted in a dramatic reduction of primary alcohols and significant increases of aldehydes and related waxes. Moreover, expressing FAO3 or FAO4b led to significantly decreased amounts of C18-C26 alcohols in yeast co-expressing CER4 and FAR1. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that FAO3 and FAO4b are functionally redundant in suppressing accumulation of primary alcohols and contributing to aldehyde production, which provides a missing and long-sought-after link between these two pathways in wax biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianpeng Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Lili Cui
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Shipeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Changle Ma
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Dylan K Kosma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Huayan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Shiyou Lü
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, China
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13
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Lee SB, Suh MC. Regulatory mechanisms underlying cuticular wax biosynthesis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:2799-2816. [PMID: 35560199 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Plants are sessile organisms that have developed hydrophobic cuticles that cover their aerial epidermal cells to protect them from terrestrial stresses. The cuticle layer is mainly composed of cutin, a polyester of hydroxy and epoxy fatty acids, and cuticular wax, a mixture of very-long-chain fatty acids (>20 carbon atoms) and their derivatives, aldehydes, alkanes, ketones, alcohols, and wax esters. During the last 30 years, forward and reverse genetic, transcriptomic, and biochemical approaches have enabled the identification of key enzymes, transporters, and regulators involved in the biosynthesis of cutin and cuticular waxes. In particular, cuticular wax biosynthesis is significantly influenced in an organ-specific manner or by environmental conditions, and is controlled using a variety of regulators. Recent studies on the regulatory mechanisms underlying cuticular wax biosynthesis have enabled us to understand how plants finely control carbon metabolic pathways to balance between optimal growth and development and defense against abiotic and biotic stresses. In this review, we summarize the regulatory mechanisms underlying cuticular wax biosynthesis at the transcriptional, post-transcriptional, post-translational, and epigenetic levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saet Buyl Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, 54874, Korea
| | - Mi Chung Suh
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Korea
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14
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Jia X, Xiong X, Chen H, Xiao G, Cheng Q, Zhang Z. Promising Novel Method of Acetylation Modification for Regulating Fatty Acid Metabolism in Brassica napus L. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:483. [PMID: 35453683 PMCID: PMC9029296 DOI: 10.3390/biology11040483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, lysine acetylation analysis was conducted using two Brassica napus near-isogenic lines, HOCR and LOCR, containing high and low oleic acid contents, respectively, to explore this relationship. Proteins showing differences in quantitative information between the B. napus lines were identified in lysine acetylation analysis, and KEGG pathways were analyzed, yielding 45 enriched proteins, most of which are involved in carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms, photosynthesis, ascorbate and aldarate metabolism, and glycolysis. Potential key genes related to fatty acid metabolisms were determined. To further explore the effect of acetylation modification on fatty acid metabolisms, the acyl-ACP3 related gene BnaACP363K was cloned, and a base mutation at No.63 was changed via overlapping primer PCR method. This study is the first to demonstrate that acetylation modification can regulate oleic acid metabolisms, which provides a promising approach for the study of the molecular mechanism of oleic acid in rapeseed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojiang Jia
- College of Agriculture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Junlebao Dairy Co., Ltd., Shijiazhuang 050221, China
| | - Xinghua Xiong
- College of Agriculture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Hao Chen
- College of Agriculture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Gang Xiao
- College of Agriculture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Qian Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Stem-Fiber Biomass and Engineering Microbiology, Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha 410205, China
| | - Zhenqian Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
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15
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Xiao X, Wang R, Khaskhali S, Gao Z, Guo W, Wang H, Niu X, He C, Yu X, Chen Y. A Novel Glycerol Kinase Gene OsNHO1 Regulates Resistance to Bacterial Blight and Blast Diseases in Rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 12:800625. [PMID: 35126424 PMCID: PMC8811351 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.800625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Glycerol-induced resistance to various pathogens has been reported in different plants. Glycerol kinase (GK), a vital rate-limiting enzyme that catalyzes glycerol conversion to glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P), participates in responses to both abiotic and biotic stresses. However, its physiological importance in rice defenses against pathogens remains unclear. In this research, quantification analysis revealed that GK levels were significantly induced in rice leaves infected by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) strain PXO99. A typical GK-encoding gene OsNHO1 was cloned in rice. The transcriptional levels of OsNHO1 were significantly induced by salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, and Xoo-PXO99. Ectopic expression of OsNHO1 partially rescued the resistance to P. s. pv. phaseolicola in the Arabidopsis nho1 mutant. In the overexpressing transgenic rice lines (OsNHO1-OE), the content of GK and the transcriptional level of OsNHO1 were increased and the resistance to bacterial blight and blast was improved, while reduced OsNHO1 expression impaired the resistance in OsNHO1-RNAi lines. The wax contents and expression of the wax synthesis regulatory genes were significantly increased in the overexpression lines but decreased in the OsNHO1-RNAi lines. We then confirmed the interaction partner of OsNHO1 using yeast two-hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays. The transcription of the interaction partner-encoding genes OsSRC2 and OsPRs in OsNHO1-RNAi lines was downregulated but upregulated in OsNHO1-OE lines. Thus, we concluded that OsNHO1 provided disease resistance by affecting the wax content and modulating the transcription levels of PR genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorong Xiao
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- School of Life Science, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- Cereal Crops Institute, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Sanya Institute, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Shahneela Khaskhali
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Zhiliang Gao
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Wenya Guo
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- School of Life Science, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Honggang Wang
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Xiaolei Niu
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Chaoze He
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Xiaohui Yu
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Yinhua Chen
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- School of Life Science, Hainan University, Haikou, China
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16
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Osadchuk K, Cheng CL, Irish EE. The integration of leaf-derived signals sets the timing of vegetative phase change in maize, a process coordinated by epigenetic remodeling. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 312:111035. [PMID: 34620439 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2021.111035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
After germination, the maize shoot proceeds through a series of developmental stages before flowering. The first transition occurs during the vegetative phase where the shoot matures from the juvenile to the adult phase, called vegetative phase change (VPC). In maize, both phases exhibit easily-scored morphological characteristics, facilitating the elucidation of molecular mechanisms directing the characteristic gene expression patterns and resulting physiological features of each phase. miR156 expression is high during the juvenile phase, suppressing expression of squamosa promoter binding proteins/SBP-like transcription factors and miR172. The decline in miR156 and subsequent increase in miR172 expression marks the transition into the adult phase, where miR172 represses transcripts that confer juvenile traits. Leaf-derived signals attenuate miR156 expression and thus the duration of the juvenile phase. As found in other species, VPC in maize utilizes signals that consist of hormones, stress, and sugar to direct epigenetic modifiers. In this review we identify the intersection of leaf-derived signaling with components that contribute to the epigenetic changes which may, in turn, manage the distinct global gene expression patterns of each phase. In maize, published research regarding chromatin remodeling during VPC is minimal. Therefore, we identified epigenetic regulators in the maize genome and, using published gene expression data and research from other plant species, identify VPC candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krista Osadchuk
- 129 E. Jefferson Street, Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Chi-Lien Cheng
- 129 E. Jefferson Street, Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Erin E Irish
- 129 E. Jefferson Street, Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
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17
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Liu S, Tong M, Zhao L, Li X, Kunst L. The ARRE RING-Type E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Negatively Regulates Cuticular Wax Biosynthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana by Controlling ECERIFERUM1 and ECERIFERUM3 Protein Levels. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:752309. [PMID: 34764971 PMCID: PMC8576476 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.752309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The outer epidermal cell walls of plant shoots are covered with a cuticle, a continuous lipid structure that provides protection from desiccation, UV light, pathogens, and insects. The cuticle is mostly composed of cutin and cuticular wax. Cuticular wax synthesis is synchronized with surface area expansion during plant development and is associated with plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. Cuticular wax deposition is tightly regulated by well-established transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms, as well as post-translationally via the ubiquitin-26S proteasome system (UPS). The UPS is highly conserved in eukaryotes and involves the covalent attachment of polyubiquitin chains to the target protein by an E3 ligase, followed by the degradation of the modified protein by the 26S proteasome. A large number of E3 ligases are encoded in the Arabidopsis genome, but only a few have been implicated in the regulation of cuticular wax deposition. In this study, we have conducted an E3 ligase reverse genetic screen and identified a novel RING-type E3 ubiquitin ligase, AtARRE, which negatively regulates wax biosynthesis in Arabidopsis. Arabidopsis plants overexpressing AtARRE exhibit glossy stems and siliques, reduced fertility and fusion between aerial organs. Wax load and wax compositional analyses of AtARRE overexpressors showed that the alkane-forming branch of the wax biosynthetic pathway is affected. Co-expression of AtARRE and candidate target proteins involved in alkane formation in both Nicotiana benthamiana and stable Arabidopsis transgenic lines demonstrated that AtARRE controls the levels of wax biosynthetic enzymes ECERIFERUM1 (CER1) and ECERIFERUM3 (CER3). CER1 has also been confirmed to be a ubiquitination substrate of the AtARRE E3 ligase by an in vivo ubiquitination assay using a reconstituted Escherichia coli system. The AtARRE gene is expressed throughout the plant, with the highest expression detected in fully expanded rosette leaves and oldest stem internodes. AtARRE gene expression can also be induced by exposure to pathogens. These findings reveal that wax biosynthesis in mature plant tissues and in response to pathogen infection is controlled post-translationally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Liu
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Meixuezi Tong
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Lifang Zhao
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Ljerka Kunst
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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18
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Ali MA, Khan MAU, Rao AQ, Iqbal A, Din SU, Shahid AA. Biochemical evidence of epicuticular wax compounds involved in cotton-whitefly interaction. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0250902. [PMID: 33945542 PMCID: PMC8096116 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Sucking insects require a surface of plants on which the legs and the eggs of insects will adhere and to which insect mouthparts will access. The primary plant protection against insects is their surface property, which hinders the attachment of the insect’s legs and eggs. The epicuticular waxes chemistry influences the fine structure of the cuticular surface. In current study, an attempt was made to investigate the variation of chemical compounds in epicuticular waxes of four cotton species that classify them resistant or susceptible i.e., Gossypium abroreum, G. hirsutum, G. arboreum wax deficient mutant (GaWM3) and G. harknessi which were evaluated for their interaction with whitefly and CLCuV transmission. Gossypium hirsutum an insect and CLCuV susceptible cotton variety, was found to have four compounds namely Trichloroacetic acid, hexadecylester, P-xylenolpthalein, 2-cyclopentene-1-ol, 1-phenyl-and Phenol, 2,5-bis [1,1- dimethyl] which could interact with chitin of whitefly while only two compounds in Gossypium arboreum an insect and CLCuV resistant cotton variety could interact with chitin of whitefly. Similarly, GaWM3 and Gossypium harkasnessi were found to have only a single compound. Number of whiteflies found on leaves of G. hirsutum was much higher as compared to other cotton species. Keeping this fact in mind a wax biosynthetic gene CER3, from Arabidopsis thaliana was transformed into G. hirsutum and the plants were evaluated for their resistance against whitefly and CLCuV transmission. In microscopic analysis transgenic plants clearly showed higher amounts of leaf waxes as compared to non-transgenics. The least whitefly population and CLCuV titer of <10,000 units was found in transgenic plants compared to non-transgenic cotton where it was ≈4.5X106 units that confirmed the role of wax in insect interaction and ultimately to CLCuV transmission. This study provides novel insight on wax related compounds involved in cotton-whitefly interaction, which potentially can help in developing more efficient control strategies for this destructive pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Azam Ali
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology (CEMB), University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Abdul Qayyum Rao
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology (CEMB), University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Adnan Iqbal
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology (CEMB), University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Salah ud Din
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology (CEMB), University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ahmad Ali Shahid
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology (CEMB), University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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19
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Kumar V, Thakur JK, Prasad M. Histone acetylation dynamics regulating plant development and stress responses. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:4467-4486. [PMID: 33638653 PMCID: PMC11072255 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03794-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Crop productivity is directly dependent on the growth and development of plants and their adaptation during different environmental stresses. Histone acetylation is an epigenetic modification that regulates numerous genes essential for various biological processes, including development and stress responses. Here, we have mainly discussed the impact of histone acetylation dynamics on vegetative growth, flower development, fruit ripening, biotic and abiotic stress responses. Besides, we have also emphasized the information gaps which are obligatory to be examined for understanding the complete role of histone acetylation dynamics in plants. A comprehensive knowledge about the histone acetylation dynamics will ultimately help to improve stress resistance and reduce yield losses in different crops due to climate changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verandra Kumar
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Jitendra K Thakur
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Manoj Prasad
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India.
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20
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Gan L, Wei Z, Yang Z, Li F, Wang Z. Updated Mechanisms of GCN5-The Monkey King of the Plant Kingdom in Plant Development and Resistance to Abiotic Stresses. Cells 2021; 10:979. [PMID: 33922251 PMCID: PMC8146787 DOI: 10.3390/cells10050979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone modifications are the main epigenetic mechanisms that regulate gene expression, chromatin structure, and plant development, among which histone acetylation is one of the most important and studied epigenetic modifications. Histone acetylation is believed to enhance DNA access and promote transcription. GENERAL CONTROL NON-REPRESSIBLE 5 (GCN5), a well-known enzymatic protein responsible for the lysine acetylation of histone H3 and H4, is a universal and crucial histone acetyltransferase involved in gene transcription and plant development. Many studies have found that GCN5 plays important roles in the different development stages of Arabidopsis. In terms of exogenous stress conditions, GCN5 is also involved in the responses to heat stress, cold stress, and nutrient element deficiency by regulating the related gene expression to maintain the homeostasis of some key metabolites (e.g., cellulose) or ions (e.g., phosphate, iron); in addition, GCN5 is involved in the phytohormone pathways such as ethylene, auxin, and salicylic acid to play various roles during the plant lifecycle. Some of the pathways involved by GCN5 also interwind to regulate specific physiological processes or developmental stages. Here, interactions between various developmental events and stress-resistant pathways mediated by GCN5 are comprehensively addressed and the underlying mechanisms are discussed in the plant. Studies with some interacting factors such as ADA2b provided valuable information for the complicated histone acetylation mechanisms. We also suggest the future focuses for GCN5 functions and mechanisms such as functions in seed development/germination stages, exploration of novel interaction factors, identification of more protein substrates, and application of advanced biotechnology-CRISPR in crop genetic improvement, which would be helpful for the complete illumination of roles and mechanisms of GCN5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Gan
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (L.G.); (Z.W.); (Z.Y.); (F.L.)
| | - Zhenzhen Wei
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (L.G.); (Z.W.); (Z.Y.); (F.L.)
| | - Zuoren Yang
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (L.G.); (Z.W.); (Z.Y.); (F.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Biological and Genetic Breeding of Cotton, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Fuguang Li
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (L.G.); (Z.W.); (Z.Y.); (F.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Biological and Genetic Breeding of Cotton, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (L.G.); (Z.W.); (Z.Y.); (F.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Biological and Genetic Breeding of Cotton, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China
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21
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Daszkowska-Golec A, Karcz J, Plociniczak T, Sitko K, Szarejko I. Cuticular waxes-A shield of barley mutant in CBP20 (Cap-Binding Protein 20) gene when struggling with drought stress. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 300:110593. [PMID: 33180718 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
CBP20 (Cap-Binding Protein 20) encodes a small subunit of nuclear Cap-Binding Complex (nCBC) that together with CBP80 binds mRNA cap. We previously described barley hvcbp20.ab mutant that demonstrated higher leaf water content and faster stomatal closure than the WT after drought stress. Hence, we presumed that the better water-saving mechanism in hvcbp20.ab may result from the lower permeability of epidermis that together with stomata action limit the water evaporation under drought stress. We asked whether hvcbp20.ab exhibited any differences in wax load on the leaf surface when subjected to drought in comparison to WT cv. 'Sebastian'. To address this question, we investigated epicuticular wax structure and chemical composition under drought stress in hvcbp20.ab mutant and its WT. We showed that hvcbp20.ab mutant exhibited the increased deposition of cuticular wax. Moreover, our gene expression results suggested a role of HvCBP20 as a negative regulator of both, the biosynthesis of waxes at the level of alkane-forming, and waxes transportation. Interestingly, we also observed increased wax deposition in Arabidopsis cbp20 mutant exposed to drought, which allowed us to describe the CBP20-regulated epicuticular wax accumulation under drought stress in a wider evolutionarily context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Daszkowska-Golec
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Jagiellonska 28, 40-032, Katowice, Poland.
| | - Jagna Karcz
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Jagiellonska 28, 40-032, Katowice, Poland
| | - Tomasz Plociniczak
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Jagiellonska 28, 40-032, Katowice, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Sitko
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Jagiellonska 28, 40-032, Katowice, Poland
| | - Iwona Szarejko
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Jagiellonska 28, 40-032, Katowice, Poland
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22
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de Rooij PGH, Perrella G, Kaiserli E, van Zanten M. The diverse and unanticipated roles of histone deacetylase 9 in coordinating plant development and environmental acclimation. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:6211-6225. [PMID: 32687569 PMCID: PMC7586748 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Plants tightly control gene transcription to adapt to environmental conditions and steer growth and development. Different types of epigenetic modifications are instrumental in these processes. In recent years, an important role for the chromatin-modifying RPD3/HDA1 class I HDAC HISTONE DEACETYLASE 9 (HDA9) emerged in the regulation of a multitude of plant traits and responses. HDACs are widely considered transcriptional repressors and are typically part of multiprotein complexes containing co-repressors, DNA, and histone-binding proteins. By catalyzing the removal of acetyl groups from lysine residues of histone protein tails, HDA9 negatively controls gene expression in many cases, in concert with interacting proteins such as POWERDRESS (PWR), HIGH EXPRESSION OF OSMOTICALLY RESPONSIVE GENES 15 (HOS15), WRKY53, ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5 (HY5), ABA INSENSITIVE 4 (ABI4), and EARLY FLOWERING 3 (ELF3). However, HDA9 activity has also been directly linked to transcriptional activation. In addition, following the recent breakthrough discovery of mutual negative feedback regulation between HDA9 and its interacting WRKY-domain transcription factor WRKY53, swift progress in gaining understanding of the biology of HDA9 is expected. In this review, we summarize knowledge on this intriguing versatile-and long under-rated-protein and propose novel leads to further unravel HDA9-governed molecular networks underlying plant development and environmental biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter G H de Rooij
- Molecular Plant Physiology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan, CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Giorgio Perrella
- Institute of Molecular, Cell & Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- ENEA - Trisaia Research Centre 75026, Rotondella (Matera), Italy
| | - Eirini Kaiserli
- Institute of Molecular, Cell & Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Martijn van Zanten
- Molecular Plant Physiology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan, CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Correspondence:
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23
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Singh S, Geeta R, Das S. Comparative sequence analysis across Brassicaceae, regulatory diversity in KCS5 and KCS6 homologs from Arabidopsis thaliana and Brassica juncea, and intronic fragment as a negative transcriptional regulator. Gene Expr Patterns 2020; 38:119146. [PMID: 32947048 DOI: 10.1016/j.gep.2020.119146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Intra- and epicuticular-waxes primarily comprising of very long chain aliphatic lipid (VLCFA), terpenoids and secondary metabolites such as sterol and flavonoids played a major role in successful colonization of terrestrial ecosystem by aquatic plants and are thus considered as a key evolutionary innovation. The key rate limiting step of Fatty Acid (FA) biosynthesis of condensation/elongation are catalyzed by the enzyme, β-ketoacyl coenzyme A synthase (KCS), part of FAE (Fatty Acid Elongase) complex. KCS6 has been shown to be responsible for elongation using C22 fatty acid as substrate and is considered essential for synthesis of VLCFA for cuticular waxes. Earlier studies have established KCS5 as a close paralog of KCS6 in Arabidopsis thaliana, albeit with non-redundant function. We subsequently established segmental duplication responsible for origin of KCS6-KCS5 paralogy which is exclusive to Brassicaceae. In the present study, we aim to understand impact of duplication on regulatory diversification and evolution, through sequence and functional analysis of cis-regulatory element of KCS5 and KCS6. High level of sequence variation leading to conservation of only the proximal end of the promoter corresponding to the core promoter was observed among Brassicaceae members; such high diversity was also revealed when sliding window analysis revealed only two to three phylogenetic footprints. Profiling of transcription factor binding sites (TFBS) across Brassicaceae shows presence of light, hormone and stress responsive motifs; a few motifs involved in tissue specific expression (Skn-1; endosperm) were also detected. Functional characterization using transcriptional fusion constructs revealed regulatory diversification when promoter activity of homologs from A. thaliana and Brassica juncea were compared. When subjected to 5-Azacytidine, altered promoter activity was observed, implying role of DNA methylation in transcriptional regulation. Finally, investigation of the role of an 87 bp fragment from first intron that is retained in a splice variant, revealed it to be a transcriptional repressor. This is a first report on comparative sequence and functional analysis of transcriptional regulation of KCS5 and KCS6; further studies are required before manipulation of cuticular waxes as a strategy for mitigating stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Singh
- Department of Botany, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - R Geeta
- Department of Botany, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Sandip Das
- Department of Botany, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India.
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24
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Kim S, Piquerez SJM, Ramirez-Prado JS, Mastorakis E, Veluchamy A, Latrasse D, Manza-Mianza D, Brik-Chaouche R, Huang Y, Rodriguez-Granados NY, Concia L, Blein T, Citerne S, Bendahmane A, Bergounioux C, Crespi M, Mahfouz MM, Raynaud C, Hirt H, Ntoukakis V, Benhamed M. GCN5 modulates salicylic acid homeostasis by regulating H3K14ac levels at the 5' and 3' ends of its target genes. Nucleic Acids Res 2020; 48:5953-5966. [PMID: 32396165 PMCID: PMC7293002 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkaa369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The modification of histones by acetyl groups has a key role in the regulation of chromatin structure and transcription. The Arabidopsis thaliana histone acetyltransferase GCN5 regulates histone modifications as part of the Spt-Ada-Gcn5 Acetyltransferase (SAGA) transcriptional coactivator complex. GCN5 was previously shown to acetylate lysine 14 of histone 3 (H3K14ac) in the promoter regions of its target genes even though GCN5 binding did not systematically correlate with gene activation. Here, we explored the mechanism through which GCN5 controls transcription. First, we fine-mapped its GCN5 binding sites genome-wide and then used several global methodologies (ATAC-seq, ChIP-seq and RNA-seq) to assess the effect of GCN5 loss-of-function on the expression and epigenetic regulation of its target genes. These analyses provided evidence that GCN5 has a dual role in the regulation of H3K14ac levels in their 5′ and 3′ ends of its target genes. While the gcn5 mutation led to a genome-wide decrease of H3K14ac in the 5′ end of the GCN5 down-regulated targets, it also led to an increase of H3K14ac in the 3′ ends of GCN5 up-regulated targets. Furthermore, genome-wide changes in H3K14ac levels in the gcn5 mutant correlated with changes in H3K9ac at both 5′ and 3′ ends, providing evidence for a molecular link between the depositions of these two histone modifications. To understand the biological relevance of these regulations, we showed that GCN5 participates in the responses to biotic stress by repressing salicylic acid (SA) accumulation and SA-mediated immunity, highlighting the role of this protein in the regulation of the crosstalk between diverse developmental and stress-responsive physiological programs. Hence, our results demonstrate that GCN5, through the modulation of H3K14ac levels on its targets, controls the balance between biotic and abiotic stress responses and is a master regulator of plant-environmental interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soonkap Kim
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), UMR 9213/UMR1403, CNRS, INRA, Université Paris-Sud, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, Bâtiment 630, 91405 Orsay, France.,Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sophie J M Piquerez
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), UMR 9213/UMR1403, CNRS, INRA, Université Paris-Sud, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, Bâtiment 630, 91405 Orsay, France.,School of Life Sciences and Warwick Integrative Synthetic Biology Centre, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Juan S Ramirez-Prado
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), UMR 9213/UMR1403, CNRS, INRA, Université Paris-Sud, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, Bâtiment 630, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Emmanouil Mastorakis
- School of Life Sciences and Warwick Integrative Synthetic Biology Centre, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Alaguraj Veluchamy
- Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - David Latrasse
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), UMR 9213/UMR1403, CNRS, INRA, Université Paris-Sud, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, Bâtiment 630, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Deborah Manza-Mianza
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), UMR 9213/UMR1403, CNRS, INRA, Université Paris-Sud, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, Bâtiment 630, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Rim Brik-Chaouche
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), UMR 9213/UMR1403, CNRS, INRA, Université Paris-Sud, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, Bâtiment 630, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Ying Huang
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), UMR 9213/UMR1403, CNRS, INRA, Université Paris-Sud, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, Bâtiment 630, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Natalia Y Rodriguez-Granados
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), UMR 9213/UMR1403, CNRS, INRA, Université Paris-Sud, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, Bâtiment 630, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Lorenzo Concia
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), UMR 9213/UMR1403, CNRS, INRA, Université Paris-Sud, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, Bâtiment 630, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Thomas Blein
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), UMR 9213/UMR1403, CNRS, INRA, Université Paris-Sud, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, Bâtiment 630, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Sylvie Citerne
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRA, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Versailles 78000, France
| | - Abdelhafid Bendahmane
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), UMR 9213/UMR1403, CNRS, INRA, Université Paris-Sud, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, Bâtiment 630, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Catherine Bergounioux
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), UMR 9213/UMR1403, CNRS, INRA, Université Paris-Sud, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, Bâtiment 630, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Martin Crespi
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), UMR 9213/UMR1403, CNRS, INRA, Université Paris-Sud, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, Bâtiment 630, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Magdy M Mahfouz
- Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Cécile Raynaud
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), UMR 9213/UMR1403, CNRS, INRA, Université Paris-Sud, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, Bâtiment 630, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Heribert Hirt
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), UMR 9213/UMR1403, CNRS, INRA, Université Paris-Sud, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, Bâtiment 630, 91405 Orsay, France.,Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Vardis Ntoukakis
- School of Life Sciences and Warwick Integrative Synthetic Biology Centre, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Moussa Benhamed
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), UMR 9213/UMR1403, CNRS, INRA, Université Paris-Sud, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, Bâtiment 630, 91405 Orsay, France.,Institut Universitaire de France (IUF)
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25
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Grasser KD, Rubio V, Barneche F. Multifaceted activities of the plant SAGA complex. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2020; 1864:194613. [PMID: 32745625 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2020.194613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
From yeast to human, the Spt-Ada-GCN5-acetyltransferase (SAGA) gigantic complex modifies chromatin during RNA polymerase II initiation and elongation steps to facilitate transcription. Its enzymatic activity involves a histone acetyltransferase module (HATm) that acetylates multiple lysine residues on the N-terminal tails of histones H2B and H3 and a deubiquitination module (DUBm) that triggers co-transcriptional deubiquitination of histone H2B. With a few notable exceptions described in this review, most SAGA subunits identified in yeast and metazoa are present in plants. Studies from the last 20 years have unveiled that different SAGA subunits are involved in gene expression regulation during the plant life cycle and in response to various types of stress or environmental cues. Their functional analysis in the Arabidopsis thaliana model species is increasingly shedding light on their intrinsic properties and how they can themselves be regulated during plant adaptive responses. Recent biochemical studies have also uncovered multiple associations between plant SAGA and chromatin machineries linked to RNA Pol II transcription. Still, considerably less is known about the molecular links between SAGA or SAGA-like complexes and chromatin dynamics during transcription in Arabidopsis and other plant species. We summarize the emerging knowledge on plant SAGA complex composition and activity, with a particular focus on the best-characterized subunits from its HAT (such as GCN5) and DUB (such as UBP22) modules, and implication of these ensembles in plant development and adaptive responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaus D Grasser
- Cell Biology & Plant Biochemistry, Biochemistry Centre, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Vicente Rubio
- Plant Molecular Genetics Dept., Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Darwin, 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Fredy Barneche
- Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, Paris, France.
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26
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Li L, Qi Z, Chai L, Chen Z, Wang T, Zhang M, You M, Peng H, Yao Y, Hu Z, Xin M, Guo W, Sun Q, Ni Z. The semidominant mutation w5 impairs epicuticular wax deposition in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2020; 133:1213-1225. [PMID: 31965231 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-020-03543-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The semidominant EMS-induced mutant w5 affects epicuticular wax deposition and mapped to an approximately 194-kb region on chromosome 7DL. Epicuticular wax is responsible for the glaucous appearance of plants and protects against many biotic and abiotic stresses. In wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), β-diketone is a major component of epicuticular wax in adult plants and contributes to the glaucousness of the aerial organs. In the present study, we identified an ethyl methanesulfonate-induced epicuticular wax-deficient mutant from the elite wheat cultivar Jimai22. Compared to wild-type Jimai22, the mutant lacked β-diketone and failed to form the glaucous coating on all aerial organs. The mutant also had significantly increased in cuticle permeability, based on water loss and chlorophyll efflux. Genetic analysis indicated that the mutant phenotype is controlled by a single, semidominant gene on the long arm of chromosome 7D, which was not allelic to the known wax gene loci W1-W4, and was therefore designated W5. W5 was finely mapped to an ~ 194-kb region (flanked by the molecular markers SSR2 and STARP11) that harbored four annotated genes according to the reference genome of Chinese Spring (RefSeq v1.0). Collectively, these data will broaden the knowledge of the genetic basis underlying epicuticular wax deposition in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linghong Li
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology/Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, The Ministry of Education/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Beijing Municipality/China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- National Plant Gene Research Centre, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhongqi Qi
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology/Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, The Ministry of Education/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Beijing Municipality/China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- National Plant Gene Research Centre, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Lingling Chai
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology/Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, The Ministry of Education/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Beijing Municipality/China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- National Plant Gene Research Centre, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhaoyan Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology/Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, The Ministry of Education/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Beijing Municipality/China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- National Plant Gene Research Centre, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Tianya Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Mingyi Zhang
- Dryland Agricultural Research Centre, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taiyuan, 030031, China
| | - Mingshan You
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology/Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, The Ministry of Education/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Beijing Municipality/China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- National Plant Gene Research Centre, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Huiru Peng
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology/Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, The Ministry of Education/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Beijing Municipality/China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- National Plant Gene Research Centre, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yingyin Yao
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology/Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, The Ministry of Education/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Beijing Municipality/China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- National Plant Gene Research Centre, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhaorong Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology/Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, The Ministry of Education/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Beijing Municipality/China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- National Plant Gene Research Centre, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Mingming Xin
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology/Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, The Ministry of Education/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Beijing Municipality/China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- National Plant Gene Research Centre, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Weilong Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology/Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, The Ministry of Education/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Beijing Municipality/China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- National Plant Gene Research Centre, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Qixin Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology/Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, The Ministry of Education/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Beijing Municipality/China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- National Plant Gene Research Centre, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhongfu Ni
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology/Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, The Ministry of Education/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Beijing Municipality/China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
- National Plant Gene Research Centre, Beijing, 100193, China.
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27
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Zhong MS, Jiang H, Cao Y, Wang YX, You CX, Li YY, Hao YJ. MdCER2 conferred to wax accumulation and increased drought tolerance in plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 149:277-285. [PMID: 32088579 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Drought can activate many stress responses in plant growth and development, including the synthesis of epidermal wax and the induction of abscisic acid (ABA), and increased wax accumulation will improve plant drought resistance. Therefore, an examination of wax biosynthesis genes could help to better understand the molecular mechanism of environmental factors regulating wax biosynthesis and the wax associated stress response. Here, we identified the MdCER2 gene from the 'Gala' (Malus× domestica Borkh.) variety of domestic apple, which is a homolog of Arabidopsis AtCER2. It possesses a transferase domain and the protein localizes on the cell membrane. The MdCER2 gene was constitutively expressed in apple tissues and was induced by drought treatment. Finally, we transformed the MdCER2 gene into Arabidopsis to identify its function, and found ectopic expression of MdCER2 promoted accumulation of cuticular wax in both leaves and stems, decreased water loss and permeability in leaves, increased lateral root number, changed plant ABA sensitivity, and increased drought resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Shuang Zhong
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, 271018, China.
| | - Han Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| | - Yue Cao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, 271018, China.
| | - Yong-Xu Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, 271018, China.
| | - Chun-Xiang You
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, 271018, China.
| | - Yuan-Yuan Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, 271018, China.
| | - Yu-Jin Hao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, 271018, China.
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28
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Yang X, Feng T, Li S, Zhao H, Zhao S, Ma C, Jenks MA, Lü S. CER16 Inhibits Post-Transcriptional Gene Silencing of CER3 to Regulate Alkane Biosynthesis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 182:1211-1221. [PMID: 31941670 PMCID: PMC7054879 DOI: 10.1104/pp.19.01002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The aerial surfaces of land plants have a protective layer of cuticular wax. Alkanes are common components of these waxes, and their abundance is affected by a range of stresses. The CER16 protein has been implicated in alkane biosynthesis in the cuticular wax of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Here, we identified two new mutant alleles of CER16 in Arabidopsis resulting in production of less wax with dramatically fewer alkanes than the wild type. Map-based cloning with genetic analysis revealed that the cer16 phenotype was caused by complete loss of AT5G44150, encoding a protein with no known domains or motifs. Comparative transcriptomic analysis revealed that transcripts of CER3, previously shown to play a principal role in alkane production, were markedly reduced in the cer16 mutants. To define the relationship between CER3 and CER16, we transformed the full CER3 gene into a cer16 mutant. Transgenic CER3 expression was silenced, and levels of small interfering RNAs targeting CER3 were significantly increased. Mutating two major components of the RNA-silencing machinery in a cer16 genetic background restored CER3 transcript levels to wild-type levels, with the stems restored to wild-type glaucousness. We suggest that CER16 deficiency induces post-transcriptional gene silencing of both endogenous and exogenous expression of CER3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianpeng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Tao Feng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Shipeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Huayan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 434200, China
| | - Shuangshuang Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Changle Ma
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Matthew A Jenks
- School of Plant Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721
| | - Shiyou Lü
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 434200, China
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Zhang YL, You CX, Li YY, Hao YJ. Advances in Biosynthesis, Regulation, and Function of Apple Cuticular Wax. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:1165. [PMID: 32849720 PMCID: PMC7419609 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.01165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
A layer of cuticular wax is deposited on the surface of terrestrial plants, which reduces the damage caused by environmental stress and maintains growth in a relatively stable internal environment. Apple cuticular wax is an important part of the fruit epidermis that plays an essential role in apple development, storage, and adaptation to environmental stress. The formation of cuticular wax has been described at the transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and translational levels in Arabidopsis, whereas less research has been performed on apple cuticular wax. Here, we provide a brief overview of how apple cuticular wax is formed, as well as its structure, composition, and function. An association among the environment, genes, and apple cuticular wax deposition was revealed. Cuticular wax prevents fruit rust from occurring on apple. Taken together, a detailed understanding of apple cuticular wax is discussed. The results will act as a reference for extending the storage period and increasing the commodity value of apple.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yu-Jin Hao
- *Correspondence: Yuan-Yuan Li, ; Yu-Jin Hao,
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Wang T, Xing J, Liu Z, Zheng M, Yao Y, Hu Z, Peng H, Xin M, Zhou D, Ni Z. Histone acetyltransferase GCN5-mediated regulation of long non-coding RNA At4 contributes to phosphate starvation response in Arabidopsis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2019; 70:6337-6348. [PMID: 31401648 PMCID: PMC6859718 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Phosphate availability is becoming a limiting environmental factor that inhibits plant growth and development. Here, we demonstrated that mutation of the histone acetyltransferase GCN5 impaired phosphate starvation responses (PSRs) in Arabidopsis. Transcriptome analysis revealed that 888 GCN5-regulated candidate genes were potentially involved in responding to phosphate starvation. ChIP assay indicated that four genes, including a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) At4, are direct targets of GCN5 in PSR regulation. In addition, GCN5-mediated H3K9/14 acetylation of At4 determined dynamic At4 expression. Consistent with the function of At4 in phosphate distribution, mutation of GCN5 impaired phosphate accumulation between shoots and roots under phosphate deficiency condition, whereas constitutive expression of At4 in gcn5 mutants partially restored phosphate relocation. Further evidence proved that GCN5 regulation of At4 influenced the miRNA miR399 and its target PHO2 mRNA level. Taken together, we propose that GCN5-mediated histone acetylation plays a crucial role in PSR regulation via the At4-miR399-PHO2 pathway and provides a new epigenetic mechanism for the regulation of lncRNA in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianya Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement (Beijing Municipality), China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Jiewen Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement (Beijing Municipality), China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenshan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement (Beijing Municipality), China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Mei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement (Beijing Municipality), China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Yingyin Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement (Beijing Municipality), China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaorong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement (Beijing Municipality), China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Huiru Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement (Beijing Municipality), China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Mingming Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement (Beijing Municipality), China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Daoxiu Zhou
- Institut of Plant Science Paris-Saclay, Université Paris sud, Orsay, France
| | - Zhongfu Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement (Beijing Municipality), China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Haidian District, Beijing, China
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Zhang YL, Zhang CL, Wang GL, Wang YX, Qi CH, Zhao Q, You CX, Li YY, Hao YJ. The R2R3 MYB transcription factor MdMYB30 modulates plant resistance against pathogens by regulating cuticular wax biosynthesis. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 19:362. [PMID: 31426743 PMCID: PMC6700842 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-019-1918-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The MYB transcription factor family is one of the largest transcriptional factor families in plants and plays a multifaceted role in plant growth and development. However, MYB transcription factors involved in pathogen resistance in apple remain poorly understood. RESULTS We identified a new MYB family member from apple, and named it MdMYB30. MdMYB30 was localized to the nucleus, and was highly expressed in young apple leaves. Transcription of MdMYB30 was induced by abiotic stressors, such as polyethylene glycol and abscisic acid. Scanning electron microscopy and gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry analyses demonstrated that ectopically expressing MdMYB30 in Arabidopsis changed the wax content, the number of wax crystals, and the transcription of wax-related genes. MdMYB30 bound to the MdKCS1 promoter to activate its expression and regulate wax biosynthesis. MdMYB30 also contributed to plant surface properties and increased resistance to the bacterial strain Pst DC3000. Furthermore, a virus-based transformation in apple fruits and transgenic apple calli demonstrated that MdMYB30 increased resistance to Botryosphaeria dothidea. Our findings suggest that MdMYB30 plays a vital role in the accumulation of cuticular wax and enhances disease resistance in apple. CONCLUSIONS MdMYB30 bound to the MdKCS1 gene promoter to activate its transcription and regulate cuticular wax content and composition, which influenced the surface properties and expression of pathogenesis-related genes to resistance against pathogens. MdMYB30 appears to be a crucial element in the formation of the plant cuticle and confers apple with a tolerance to pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Li Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology; Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production; College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, 271018 Shandong China
| | - Chun-Ling Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology; Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production; College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, 271018 Shandong China
| | - Gui-Luan Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology; Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production; College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, 271018 Shandong China
| | - Yong-Xu Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology; Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production; College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, 271018 Shandong China
| | - Chen-Hui Qi
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology; Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production; College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, 271018 Shandong China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology; Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production; College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, 271018 Shandong China
| | - Chun-Xiang You
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology; Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production; College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, 271018 Shandong China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology; Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production; College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, 271018 Shandong China
| | - Yu-Jin Hao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology; Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production; College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, 271018 Shandong China
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32
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Zhang YL, Zhang CL, Wang GL, Wang YX, Qi CH, Zhao Q, You CX, Li YY, Hao YJ. The R2R3 MYB transcription factor MdMYB30 modulates plant resistance against pathogens by regulating cuticular wax biosynthesis. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2019. [PMID: 31426743 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-019-1918-1914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The MYB transcription factor family is one of the largest transcriptional factor families in plants and plays a multifaceted role in plant growth and development. However, MYB transcription factors involved in pathogen resistance in apple remain poorly understood. RESULTS We identified a new MYB family member from apple, and named it MdMYB30. MdMYB30 was localized to the nucleus, and was highly expressed in young apple leaves. Transcription of MdMYB30 was induced by abiotic stressors, such as polyethylene glycol and abscisic acid. Scanning electron microscopy and gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry analyses demonstrated that ectopically expressing MdMYB30 in Arabidopsis changed the wax content, the number of wax crystals, and the transcription of wax-related genes. MdMYB30 bound to the MdKCS1 promoter to activate its expression and regulate wax biosynthesis. MdMYB30 also contributed to plant surface properties and increased resistance to the bacterial strain Pst DC3000. Furthermore, a virus-based transformation in apple fruits and transgenic apple calli demonstrated that MdMYB30 increased resistance to Botryosphaeria dothidea. Our findings suggest that MdMYB30 plays a vital role in the accumulation of cuticular wax and enhances disease resistance in apple. CONCLUSIONS MdMYB30 bound to the MdKCS1 gene promoter to activate its transcription and regulate cuticular wax content and composition, which influenced the surface properties and expression of pathogenesis-related genes to resistance against pathogens. MdMYB30 appears to be a crucial element in the formation of the plant cuticle and confers apple with a tolerance to pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Li Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology; Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production; College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Chun-Ling Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology; Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production; College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Gui-Luan Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology; Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production; College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Yong-Xu Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology; Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production; College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Chen-Hui Qi
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology; Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production; College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology; Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production; College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Chun-Xiang You
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology; Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production; College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology; Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production; College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, 271018, Shandong, China.
| | - Yu-Jin Hao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology; Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production; College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, 271018, Shandong, China.
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Wang T, Jia Q, Wang W, Hussain S, Ahmed S, Zhou DX, Ni Z, Wang S. GCN5 modulates trichome initiation in Arabidopsis by manipulating histone acetylation of core trichome initiation regulator genes. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2019; 38:755-765. [PMID: 30927071 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-019-02404-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Histone acetyltransferase GCN5 affects trichome initiation via mediating the expression of some core trichome initiation regulator genes in Arabidopsis. GENERAL CONTROL NON-REPRESSED PROTEIN5 (GCN5), a histone acetyltransferase involved in the regulation of cell differentiation, organ development, secondary metabolism, and plant responses to abiotic stresses, has recently been shown to modulate trichome branching in Arabidopsis. Here, we provide evidence that GCN5 is also involved in the regulation of trichome initiation. We found that mutation of GCN5 led to increased leaf trichome density in Arabidopsis. Quantitative RT-PCR results showed that the expression of CPC, GL1, GL2, and GL3, four well-known core trichome initiation regulator genes, was decreased in the gcn5 mutants. ChIP assays indicated that these four trichome initiation regulator genes are direct targets of GCN5. Consistent with these results, GCN5-mediated H3K14/K9 acetylation levels on the TSS regions of these genes were decreased. On the other hand, leaf trichome density was reduced in plants overexpressing GCN5, and both the transcript levels and GCN5-binding enrichments of CPC, GL1, GL2, and GL3 genes were elevated. Taken together, these data suggests that GCN5 affects trichome initiation by modulating the transcription activities of trichome initiation regulator genes via H3K9/14 acetylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianya Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Qiming Jia
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Saddam Hussain
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Sajjad Ahmed
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Dao-Xiu Zhou
- Institute of Plant Science Paris-Saclay, Université Paris Sud, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Zhongfu Ni
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Shucai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China.
- College of Life Science, Linyi University, Linyi, 276000, China.
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Zhang YL, Zhang CL, Wang GL, Wang YX, Qi CH, You CX, Li YY, Hao YJ. Apple AP2/EREBP transcription factor MdSHINE2 confers drought resistance by regulating wax biosynthesis. PLANTA 2019; 249:1627-1643. [PMID: 30826884 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-019-03115-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
This study showed that AP2/EREBP transcription factor MdSHINE2 functioned in mediating cuticular permeability, sensitivity to abscisic acid (ABA), and drought resistance by regulating wax biosynthesis. Plant cuticular wax plays crucial roles in protecting plants from environmental stresses, particularly drought stress. Many enzymes and transcription factors involved in wax biosynthesis have been identified in plant species. In this study, we identified an AP2/EREBP transcription factor, MdSHINE2 from apple, which is a homolog of AtSHINE2 in Arabidopsis. MdSHINE2 was constitutively expressed at different levels in various apple tissues, and the transcription level of MdSHINE2 was induced substantially by abiotic stress and hormone treatments. MdSHINE2-overexpressing Arabidopsis exhibited great change in cuticular wax crystal numbers and morphology and wax composition of leaves and stems. Moreover, MdSHINE2 heavily influenced cuticular permeability, sensitivity to abscisic acid, and drought resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Li Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Chun-Ling Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Gui-Luan Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Yong-Xu Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Chen-Hui Qi
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Chun-Xiang You
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-an, 271018, Shandong, China.
| | - Yu-Jin Hao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-an, 271018, Shandong, China.
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35
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Zhao Y, Cheng X, Liu X, Wu H, Bi H, Xu H. The Wheat MYB Transcription Factor TaMYB 31 Is Involved in Drought Stress Responses in Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1426. [PMID: 30323824 PMCID: PMC6172359 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Drought is one of the major environmental stresses limiting crop growth and production. MYB family transcription factors play crucial roles in response to abiotic stresses. Previous studies found that TaMYB31 is transcriptionally induced by drought stress. However, the biological functions of TaMYB31 in drought stress responses remained unknown. In this study, three TaMYB31 homoeologous genes from hexaploid wheat, designated TaMYB31-A, TaMYB31-B, and TaMYB31-D, were cloned and characterized. Expression analysis showed that TaMYB31 genes have different tissue expression patterns, and TaMYB31-B has relatively high expression levels in most tested tissues. All the three homoeologs were up-regulated by polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000 and abscisic acid (ABA) treatments. Subcellular localization analyses revealed that TaMYB31 is localized to the nucleus. Ectopic expression of the TaMYB31-B gene in Arabidopsis affected plants growth and enhanced drought tolerance. In addition, seed germination and seedling root growth of TaMYB31-B transgenic plants were more sensitive to exogenous ABA treatment compared to wild type control. RNA-seq analysis indicated that TaMYB31 functions through up-regulation of wax biosynthesis genes and drought-responsive genes. These results provide evidence that TaMYB31 acts as a positive regulator of drought resistance, and justify its potential application in genetic modification of crop drought tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiyong Cheng
- College of Agronomy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops/National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaodan Liu
- College of Agronomy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops/National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Huifang Wu
- College of Agronomy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops/National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Huihui Bi
- College of Agronomy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops/National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Huihui Bi
| | - Haixia Xu
- College of Agronomy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops/National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- Haixia Xu
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