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Firat EAM, Buhl EM, Bouteldja N, Smeets B, Eriksson U, Boor P, Klinkhammer BM. PDGF-D Is Dispensable for the Development and Progression of Murine Alport Syndrome. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2024; 194:641-655. [PMID: 38309427 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2023.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Alport syndrome is an inherited kidney disease, which can lead to glomerulosclerosis and fibrosis, as well as end-stage kidney disease in children and adults. Platelet-derived growth factor-D (PDGF-D) mediates glomerulosclerosis and interstitial fibrosis in various models of kidney disease, prompting investigation of its role in a murine model of Alport syndrome. In vitro, PDGF-D induced proliferation and profibrotic activation of conditionally immortalized human parietal epithelial cells. In Col4a3-/- mice, a model of Alport syndrome, PDGF-D mRNA and protein were significantly up-regulated compared with non-diseased wild-type mice. To analyze the therapeutic potential of PDGF-D inhibition, Col4a3-/- mice were treated with a PDGF-D neutralizing antibody. Surprisingly, PDGF-D antibody treatment had no effect on renal function, glomerulosclerosis, fibrosis, or other indices of kidney injury compared with control treatment with unspecific IgG. To characterize the role of PDGF-D in disease development, Col4a3-/- mice with a constitutive genetic deletion of Pdgfd were generated and analyzed. No difference in pathologic features or kidney function was observed in Col4a3-/-Pdgfd-/- mice compared with Col4a3-/-Pdgfd+/+ littermates, confirming the antibody treatment data. Mechanistically, lack of proteolytic PDGF-D activation in Col4a3-/- mice might explain the lack of effects in vivo. In conclusion, despite its established role in kidney fibrosis, PDGF-D, without further activation, does not mediate the development and progression of Alport syndrome in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eva Miriam Buhl
- Institute of Pathology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany; Electron Microscopy Facility, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Nassim Bouteldja
- Institute of Pathology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Bart Smeets
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Ulf Eriksson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Boor
- Institute of Pathology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany; Electron Microscopy Facility, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany; Department of Nephrology and Immunology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany.
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Sun J, Liu C, Liu YY, Guo ZA. Mitophagy in renal interstitial fibrosis. Int Urol Nephrol 2024; 56:167-179. [PMID: 37450241 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-023-03686-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
As a high energy consumption organ, kidney relies on a large number of mitochondria to ensure normal physiological activities. Under specific stimulation, mitophagy and mitochondrial dynamics (fission, fusion) cooperatively regulate mitochondrial quality and participate in many life activities such as energy metabolism, inflammatory response, oxidative stress, cell senescence and death. Mitophagy plays a key role in the progression of acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease. The early induction of oxidative stress in renal parenchyma, the activation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and TGF-β signal pathway are closely related to renal interstitial fibrosis. Macrophage reprogramming is also considered to be an important participant in the progression of kidney fibrosis. This review summarizes the molecular mechanism of mitochondrial autophagy and its relationship with the pathway of promoting fibrosis, and discusses the possibility of restoring mitophagy balance as a pharmacological target for the treatment of renal interstitial fibrosis, so as to provide new ideas for more efficient anti-fibrosis and delay the progress of chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Sun
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Chong Liu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Ying-Ying Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Zhao-An Guo
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.
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Omae T, Ishikawa T, Ogiwara K, Nogami K. Pediatric Mesangial Proliferative Glomerulonephritis Has Increased the Platelet Thrombus Formation Potentials under High-Shear Flow Condition. Nephron Clin Pract 2023; 148:415-425. [PMID: 37812914 DOI: 10.1159/000534494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Blood coagulation is associated with glomerulonephritis (GN) pathophysiology. Using whole-blood-based rotational thromboelastometry, we recently reported that the degree of hypercoagulability in pediatric patients with immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN), a GN, might be associated with pathological severity. To further clarify the coagulation status of mesangial proliferative GN (MesPGN), we assessed the platelet thrombus formation (PTF) under high-shear flow using a microchip-based flow chamber system (T-TAS®). METHODS Thirty-four pediatric patients definitively diagnosed with MesPGN by renal biopsy at Nara Medical University Hospital between 2015 and 2022 were enrolled, and 29 patients (case group; median age, 8.0 years) were assessed. Microchips coated with collagen (PL-chip) were used to assess PTF at high-shear in whole blood. The times to increase by 10 and 30 kPa (T10 and T30) from baseline were calculated and compared with those of the pediatric controls. Changes in the parameters during the treatment course and the relationship between pathological severity and the parameters were evaluated. RESULTS T10 and T30 parameters in the PL-chip were significantly shorter, and the area under the curves were greater in the case group than those in the control group (both p < 0.05). Each parameter was enhanced during the 3-week treatment but improved after the end of treatment. No significant relationship was observed between pathological severity and these parameters. Little PTF difference was observed between IgAN and Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis. CONCLUSIONS Pediatric MesPGN increased the potential for PTF under high-shear flow conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Omae
- Department of Pediatrics, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
- Department of Community-Based Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Ishikawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Kenichi Ogiwara
- Department of Pediatrics, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Keiji Nogami
- Department of Pediatrics, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
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Yang X, Lin C, Liu J, Zhang Y, Deng T, Wei M, Pan S, Lu L, Li X, Tian G, Mi J, Xu F, Yang C. Identification of the regulatory mechanism of ACE2 in COVID-19-induced kidney damage with systems genetics approach. J Mol Med (Berl) 2023; 101:449-460. [PMID: 36951969 PMCID: PMC10034233 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-023-02304-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
Studies showed that SARS-CoV-2 can directly target the kidney and induce renal damage. As the cell surface receptor for SARS-CoV-2 infection, the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) plays a pivotal role for renal physiology and function. Thus, it is important to understand ACE2 through which pathway influences the pathogenesis of renal damage induced by COVID-19. In this study, we first performed an eQTL mapping for Ace2 in kidney tissues in 53 BXD mice strains. Results demonstrated that Ace2 is highly expressed and strongly controlled by a genetic locus on chromosome 16 in the kidney, with six genes (Dnase1, Vasn, Usp7, Abat, Mgrn1, and Rbfox1) dominated as the upstream modulator, as they are highly correlated with Ace2 expression. Gene co-expression analysis showed that Ace2 co-variates are significantly involved in the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) pathway which acts as a reno-protector. Importantly, we also found that Ace2 is positively correlated with Pdgf family members, particularly Pdgfc, which showed the most association among the 76 investigated growth factors. Mammalian Phenotype Ontology enrichment indicated that the cognate transcripts for both Ace2 and Pdgfc were mainly involved in regulating renal physiology and morphology. Among which, Cd44, Egfr, Met, Smad3, and Stat3 were identified as hub genes through protein-protein interaction analysis. Finally, in aligning with our systems genetics findings, we found ACE2, pdgf family members, and RAS genes decreased significantly in the CAKI-1 kidney cancer cells treated with S protein and receptor binding domain structural protein. Collectively, our data suggested that ACE2 work with RAS, PDGFC, as well as their cognate hub genes to regulate renal function, which could guide for future clinical prevention and targeted treatment for COVID-19-induced renal damage outcomes. KEY MESSAGES: • Ace2 is highly expressed and strongly controlled by a genetic locus on chromosome 16 in the kidney. • Ace2 co-variates are enriched in the RAS pathway. • Ace2 is strongly correlated with the growth factor Pdgfc. • Ace2 and Pdgfc co-expressed genes involved in the regulation of renal physiology and morphology. • SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein induces down-regulation of Ace2, RAS, and Pdgfc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueling Yang
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center of Molecular Targeting and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment, Binzhou Medical University, Shandong, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Chunhua Lin
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, 264008, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China
| | - Ya Zhang
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center of Molecular Targeting and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment, Binzhou Medical University, Shandong, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Tingzhi Deng
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center of Molecular Targeting and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment, Binzhou Medical University, Shandong, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Mengna Wei
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center of Molecular Targeting and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment, Binzhou Medical University, Shandong, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Shuijing Pan
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center of Molecular Targeting and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment, Binzhou Medical University, Shandong, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Lu Lu
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Xuri Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, China
| | - Geng Tian
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center of Molecular Targeting and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment, Binzhou Medical University, Shandong, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Jia Mi
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center of Molecular Targeting and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment, Binzhou Medical University, Shandong, Yantai, 264003, China.
| | - Fuyi Xu
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center of Molecular Targeting and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment, Binzhou Medical University, Shandong, Yantai, 264003, China.
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA.
| | - Chunhua Yang
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center of Molecular Targeting and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment, Binzhou Medical University, Shandong, Yantai, 264003, China.
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Martini AG, Smith JP, Medrano S, Sheffield NC, Sequeira-Lopez MLS, Gomez RA. Determinants of renin cell differentiation: a single cell epi-transcriptomics approach. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.18.524595. [PMID: 36711565 PMCID: PMC9882312 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.18.524595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Rationale Renin cells are essential for survival. They control the morphogenesis of the kidney arterioles, and the composition and volume of our extracellular fluid, arterial blood pressure, tissue perfusion, and oxygen delivery. It is known that renin cells and associated arteriolar cells descend from FoxD1 + progenitor cells, yet renin cells remain challenging to study due in no small part to their rarity within the kidney. As such, the molecular mechanisms underlying the differentiation and maintenance of these cells remain insufficiently understood. Objective We sought to comprehensively evaluate the chromatin states and transcription factors (TFs) that drive the differentiation of FoxD1 + progenitor cells into those that compose the kidney vasculature with a focus on renin cells. Methods and Results We isolated single nuclei of FoxD1 + progenitor cells and their descendants from FoxD1 cre/+ ; R26R-mTmG mice at embryonic day 12 (E12) (n cells =1234), embryonic day 18 (E18) (n cells =3696), postnatal day 5 (P5) (n cells =1986), and postnatal day 30 (P30) (n cells =1196). Using integrated scRNA-seq and scATAC-seq we established the developmental trajectory that leads to the mosaic of cells that compose the kidney arterioles, and specifically identified the factors that determine the elusive, myo-endocrine adult renin-secreting juxtaglomerular (JG) cell. We confirm the role of Nfix in JG cell development and renin expression, and identified the myocyte enhancer factor-2 (MEF2) family of TFs as putative drivers of JG cell differentiation. Conclusions We provide the first developmental trajectory of renin cell differentiation as they become JG cells in a single-cell atlas of kidney vascular open chromatin and highlighted novel factors important for their stage-specific differentiation. This improved understanding of the regulatory landscape of renin expressing JG cells is necessary to better learn the control and function of this rare cell population as overactivation or aberrant activity of the RAS is a key factor in cardiovascular and kidney pathologies.
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Proficient Novel Biomarkers Guide Early Detection of Acute Kidney Injury: A Review. Diseases 2022; 11:diseases11010008. [PMID: 36648873 PMCID: PMC9844481 DOI: 10.3390/diseases11010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The definition of acute kidney injury (AKI), despite improvements in criteria, continues to be based on the level of serum creatinine and urinary output that do not specifically indicate tubular function or injury, or glomerular function or injury that is not significant enough to warrant acute hospitalization of the patient. Finding novel biomarkers of AKI has become a major focus nowadays in nephrology to overcome the further complications of end stage renal disease (ESRD). Many compounds, such as KIM 1, IL 18, NGAL, uromodulin, calprotectin, vanin 1, galactin 3, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), urinary Na+/H+ exchanger isoform 3 (NHE3), retinol binding protein (RBP) and Cystatin C, are released from the renal tubules and thus any alterations in tubular function can be detected by measuring these parameters in urine. Additionally, glomerular injury can be detected by measuring immunoglobulin G, nephrin, podocalyxin, podocin, transferrin, netrin-1, pyruvate kinase M2, etc. in urine. These novel biomarkers will be useful for timing the initial insult and assessing the duration of AKI. According to available research, these biomarkers could be applied to assess the onset of AKI, distinguishing between kidney injury and dysfunction, directing the management of AKI, and enhancing disease diagnosis. Therefore, we intend to present recent developments in our understanding of significant biomarkers implicated in various aspects of renal damage. Numerous biomarkers are implicated in various pathophysiological processes that follow renal injury, and can improve prognosis and risk classification.
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Luvizotto MJ, Menezes-Silva L, Woronik V, Monteiro RC, Câmara NOS. Gut-kidney axis in IgA nephropathy: Role on mesangial cell metabolism and inflammation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:993716. [PMID: 36467425 PMCID: PMC9715425 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.993716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
IgA Nephropathy (IgAN) is the commonest primary glomerular disease around the world and represents a significant cause of end-stage renal disease. IgAN is characterized by mesangial deposition of IgA-immune complexes and mesangial expansion. The pathophysiological process includes an abnormally glycosylated IgA1, which is an antigenic target. Autoantibodies specifically recognize galactose-deficient IgA1 forming immune complexes that are amplified in size by the soluble IgA Fc receptor CD89 leading to deposition in the mesangium through interaction with non-classical IgA receptors. The local production of cytokines promotes local inflammation and complement system activation, besides the stimulation of mesangial proliferation. The spectrum of clinical manifestations is quite variable from asymptomatic microscopic hematuria to rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis. Despite all the advances, the pathophysiology of the disease is still not fully elucidated. The mucosal immune system is quoted to be a factor in triggering IgAN and a "gut-kidney axis" is proposed in its development. Furthermore, many recent studies have demonstrated that food intake interferes directly with disease prognosis. In this review, we will discuss how mucosal immunity, microbiota, and nutritional status could be interfering directly with the activation of intrinsic pathways of the mesangial cells, directly resulting in changes in their function, inflammation and development of IgAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateus Justi Luvizotto
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luísa Menezes-Silva
- Laboratory of Transplantation Immunobiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Viktoria Woronik
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renato C. Monteiro
- Centre de Recherche sur l’Inflammation, INSERM and CNRS, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Niels Olsen Saraiva Câmara
- Laboratory of Transplantation Immunobiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Plasma proteomic characterization of the development of acute kidney injury in early sepsis patients. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19705. [PMID: 36385130 PMCID: PMC9668831 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22457-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) develops frequently in the course of patients with sepsis and strongly associates with in-hospital mortality. However, diagnosing AKI involves a considerable lag-time because it depends on assessing an increase in serum creatinine, and offers no insight in the underlying pathophysiology. Consequently, identifying a set of proteins reflecting the development of AKI may improve earlier recognition of AKI and the understanding of its pathophysiology. A targeted plasma proteomic approach was performed in early sepsis patients with and without subsequent AKI development in a matched pair design (n = 19 each). Principal component analysis identified 53 proteins associated with development of AKI, which were further analysed using Enrichr gene ontology and pathway analysis. Nine differentially expressed proteins from the targeted proteomics were increased among patients who subsequently developed AKI and correlated with principal components, namely CALCA, CALR, CA12, CLEC1A, PTK7, KIM-1, NPPC, NUCB2 and PGF. We demonstrated the biological insight in the development of AKI in early sepsis compared to non-AKI sepsis.
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Yao L, Zhao R, He S, Feng Q, Qiao Y, Wang P, Li J. Effects of salvianolic acid A and salvianolic acid B in renal interstitial fibrosis via PDGF-C/PDGFR-α signaling pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 106:154414. [PMID: 36057144 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal interstitial fibrosis (RIF) is the main pathological feature of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) caused by various chronic kidney diseases (CKD), and is closely related to renal dysfunction and patient prognosis. Salvianolic acid A (Sal A) and salvianolic acid B (Sal B), isolated from traditional Chinese medicine Salviae miltiorrhizae, have been confirmed to have anti-fibrotic effects on liver, cardiac and kidney. However, the precise molecular mechanism underlying the nephroprotective effects of Sal A and Sal B, and whether there is a difference between the two in RIF are still unclear. PURPOSE This study investigated the pharmacological effects of Sal A and Sal B in RIF and explore the underlying mechanisms by in vivo and in vitro experiments. METHODS The nephroprotective effects of Sal A, Sal B and Sal A+B were evaluated by assessing the parameters related to kidney function such as renal histology, renal function, urinary protein NAG, urinary β2 microglobulin. In addition, RIF-related markers such as CTCF and Par3 were also detected. Thereafter, the related protein or gene levels of PDGF-C/PDGFR-α signaling pathways, apoptosis and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) were determined by western blot, real-time PCR, flow cytometry or immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS In vivo, the results showed that Sal A, Sal B and Sal A+B partially improved kidney dysfunction, increased the expression of Par-3 and reduced the expression of CTGF, PDGF-C and PDGFR-α. In vitro, the results also showed that Sal A, Sal B and Sal A+B reversed apoptosis and ERS in HSA-induced HK-2 cells via regulating PDGF-C/PDGFR-α signaling pathway. CONCLUSION This article revealed a novel mechanism linking PDGF-C/PDGFR-α signaling pathway to RIF and suggested that Sal A, Sal B and Sal A+B were considered as potential therapeutic agents for the amelioration of RIF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Yao
- Blood Purification Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Basic and Applied Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai 519000, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Renjie Zhao
- Basic and Applied Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai 519000, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China; Department of Nephrology, the Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu 610081, China
| | - Shiyang He
- Basic and Applied Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai 519000, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Qi Feng
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Yingjin Qiao
- Blood Purification Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Pei Wang
- Blood Purification Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
| | - Jun Li
- Basic and Applied Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai 519000, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China.
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Wu Y, Chen M, Chen Z, Shu J, Zhang L, Hu J, Yu H, Huang K, Liang M. Theaflavin-3,3′-Digallate from Black Tea Inhibits Neointima Formation Through Suppression of the PDGFRβ Pathway in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:861319. [PMID: 35903325 PMCID: PMC9315285 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.861319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The abnormal neointima formation caused by the phenotypic switching of vascular smooth cells (VSMCs) into a synthetic state plays a key role in the pathogenesis of various vascular diseases, including atherosclerosis and postangioplasty restenosis. Theaflavin-3,3′-digallate (TF3) in black tea has been reported to exert antiinflammatory and anticancer effects, but its role in neointima formation remains unclear. Here, we delineated a remarkable effect of TF3 in suppressing neointima formation of VSMCs in vivo as well as the ability of primary rat aortic smooth cells (RASMCs) to proliferate and migrate in vitro. Further study confirmed that the effects of TF3 on PDGF-BB–induced RASMCs were due to reduced phosphorylation of PDGFRβ, which led to the repression of downstream pathways. We concluded that TF3 may act as a repressor in the progression of neointima formation and serve as a potential therapeutic candidate for excessive phenotypic switching of VSMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichen Wu
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Min Chen
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Abnormalities and Vascular Aging, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Clinical Research Center of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Disease, Wuhan, China
| | - Zilong Chen
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiangcheng Shu
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Luoying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiong Hu
- Department of Histology and Embryology School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongjun Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kai Huang
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Abnormalities and Vascular Aging, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Clinical Research Center of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Disease, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Kai Huang, ; Minglu Liang,
| | - Minglu Liang
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Abnormalities and Vascular Aging, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Clinical Research Center of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Disease, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Kai Huang, ; Minglu Liang,
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Chen Z, Wang C, Blood A, Bragg S, Mata-Greenwood E. Renal functional, transcriptome, and methylome adaptations in pregnant Sprague Dawley and Brown Norway rats. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0269792. [PMID: 35709218 PMCID: PMC9202892 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0269792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy induces maternal renal adaptations that include increased glomerular filtration rate and renal blood flow which can be compromised in obstetrical complications such as preeclampsia. Brown Norway (BN) rat pregnancies are characterized by placental insufficiency, maternal hypertension, and proteinuria. We hypothesized that BN pregnancies would show renal functional, anatomical, or molecular features of preeclampsia. We used the Sprague-Dawley (CD) rat as a model of normal pregnancy. Pregnancy increased the glomerular filtration rate by 50% in CD rats and 12.2% in BN rats compared to non-pregnancy, and induced proteinuria only in BN rats. BN pregnancies showed a decrease in maternal plasma calcitriol levels, which correlated with renal downregulation of 1-alpha hydroxylase and upregulation of 24-hydroxylase. RNA sequencing revealed that pregnancy induced 297 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in CD rats and 174 DEGs in BN rats, indicating a 70% increased response to pregnancy in CD compared to BN rats. Pregnancy induced activation of innate immune pathways such as ‘Role of Pattern Recognition Receptors’, and ‘Interferon signaling’ with interferon regulatory factor 7 as a common upregulated upstream factor in both rat strains. Comparison of rat strain transcriptomic profiles revealed 475 DEGs at non-pregnancy and 569 DEGs at pregnancy with 205 DEGs shared at non-pregnancy (36%), indicating that pregnancy interacted with rat strain in regulating 64% of the DEGs. Pathway analysis revealed that pregnancy induced a switch in renal transcriptomics in BN rats from ‘inhibition of renal damage’ to ‘acute phase reaction’, ‘recruitment of immune cells’ and ‘inhibition of 1,25-(OH)2-vitamin D synthesis’. Key upstream regulators included peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARA), platelet-derived growth factor B dimer (PDGF-BB), and NF-kB p65 (RELA). DNA methylome profiling by reduced representation bisulfite sequencing studies revealed that the DEGs did not correlate with changes in promoter methylation. In sum, BN rat kidneys respond to pregnancy-specific signals with an increase in pro-inflammatory gene networks and alteration of metabolic pathways including vitamin D deficiency in association with mild proteinuria and blunted GFR increase. However, the lack of glomerular endotheliosis and mild hypertension/proteinuria in pregnant BN rats limits the relevance of this rat strain for preeclampsia research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Chen
- Center for Genomics, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, United States of America
| | - Charles Wang
- Center for Genomics, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, United States of America
| | - Arlin Blood
- Lawrence D. Longo Center for Perinatal Biology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, United States of America
| | - Shannon Bragg
- Lawrence D. Longo Center for Perinatal Biology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, United States of America
| | - Eugenia Mata-Greenwood
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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12
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Yang J, Liu Z. Mechanistic Pathogenesis of Endothelial Dysfunction in Diabetic Nephropathy and Retinopathy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:816400. [PMID: 35692405 PMCID: PMC9174994 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.816400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) are microvascular complications of diabetes. Microvascular endothelial cells are thought to be the major targets of hyperglycemic injury. In diabetic microvasculature, the intracellular hyperglycemia causes damages to the vascular endothelium, via multiple pathophysiological process consist of inflammation, endothelial cell crosstalk with podocytes/pericytes and exosomes. In addition, DN and DR diseases development are involved in several critical regulators including the cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family and the Notch signal. The present review attempts to gain a deeper understanding of the pathogenesis complexities underlying the endothelial dysfunction in diabetes diabetic and retinopathy, contributing to the development of new mechanistic therapeutic strategies against diabetes-induced microvascular endothelial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Province Research Center For Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhangsuo Liu
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Province Research Center For Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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13
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Bongolan T, Whiteley J, Castillo-Prado J, Fantin A, Larsen B, Wong CJ, Mazilescu L, Kawamura M, Urbanellis P, Jonebring A, Salter E, Collingridge G, Gladdy R, Hicks R, Gingras AC, Selzner M, Rogers IM. Decellularization of porcine kidney with submicellar concentrations of SDS results in the retention of ECM proteins required for the adhesion and maintenance of human adult renal epithelial cells. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:2972-2990. [PMID: 35521809 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm01017d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
When decellularizing kidneys, it is important to maintain the integrity of the acellular extracellular matrix (ECM), including associated adhesion proteins and growth factors that allow recellularized cells to adhere and migrate according to ECM specificity. Kidney decellularization requires the ionic detergent sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS); however, this results in a loss of ECM proteins important for cell adherence, migration, and growth, particularly glycosaminoglycan (GAG)-associated proteins. Here, we demonstrate that using submicellar concentrations of SDS results in a greater retention of structural proteins, GAGs, growth factors, and cytokines. When porcine kidney ECM scaffolds were recellularized using human adult primary renal epithelial cells (RECs), the ECM promoted cell survival and the uniform distribution of cells throughout the ECM. Cells maintained the expression of mature renal epithelial markers but did not organize on the ECM, indicating that mature cells are unable to migrate to specific locations on ECM scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonya Bongolan
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.,Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada.
| | - Jennifer Whiteley
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada.
| | - Jorge Castillo-Prado
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada.
| | - Amanda Fantin
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.,Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada.
| | - Brett Larsen
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada.
| | - Cassandra J Wong
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada.
| | - Laura Mazilescu
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada.,Soham & Shaila Ajmera Family Transplant Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Masataka Kawamura
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada.,Soham & Shaila Ajmera Family Transplant Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Peter Urbanellis
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada.,Soham & Shaila Ajmera Family Transplant Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Anna Jonebring
- Discovery Biology, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, 431 83, Sweden
| | - Eric Salter
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.,Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada.
| | - Graham Collingridge
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.,Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada.
| | - Rebecca Gladdy
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada. .,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S1A8, Canada
| | - Ryan Hicks
- BioPharmaceuticals R&D Cell Therapy Department, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal, and Metabolism (CVRM), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, 431 83, Sweden
| | - Anne-Claude Gingras
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada. .,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G1E2, Canada
| | - Markus Selzner
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada.,Soham & Shaila Ajmera Family Transplant Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Ian M Rogers
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.,Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada. .,Soham & Shaila Ajmera Family Transplant Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G1E2, Canada
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14
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Boi R, Ebefors K, Henricsson M, Borén J, Nyström J. Modified lipid metabolism and cytosolic phospholipase A2 activation in mesangial cells under pro-inflammatory conditions. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7322. [PMID: 35513427 PMCID: PMC9072365 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10907-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease is a consequence of hyperglycemia and other complex events driven by early glomerular hemodynamic changes and a progressive expansion of the mesangium. The molecular mechanisms behind the pathophysiological alterations of the mesangium are yet to be elucidated. This study aimed at investigating whether lipid signaling might be the missing link. Stimulation of human mesangial cells with high glucose primed the inflammasome-driven interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) secretion, which in turn stimulated platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF-BB) release. Finally, PDGF-BB increased IL-1β secretion synergistically. Both IL-1β and PDGF-BB stimulation triggered the formation of phosphorylated sphingoid bases, as shown by lipidomics, and activated cytosolic phospholipase cPLA2, sphingosine kinase 1, cyclooxygenase 2, and autotaxin. This led to the release of arachidonic acid and lysophosphatidylcholine, activating the secretion of vasodilatory prostaglandins and proliferative lysophosphatidic acids. Blocking cPLA2 release of arachidonic acid reduced mesangial cells proliferation and prostaglandin secretion. Validation was performed in silico using the Nephroseq database and a glomerular transcriptomic database. In conclusion, hyperglycemia primes glomerular inflammatory and proliferative stimuli triggering lipid metabolism modifications in human mesangial cells. The upregulation of cPLA2 was critical in this setting. Its inhibition reduced mesangial secretion of prostaglandins and proliferation, making it a potential therapeutical target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Boi
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 432, 40530, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kerstin Ebefors
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 432, 40530, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Marcus Henricsson
- Institute of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Wallenberg Laboratory, University of Gothenburg, and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jan Borén
- Institute of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Wallenberg Laboratory, University of Gothenburg, and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jenny Nyström
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 432, 40530, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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15
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Ebefors K, Bergwall L, Nyström J. The Glomerulus According to the Mesangium. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 8:740527. [PMID: 35155460 PMCID: PMC8825785 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.740527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The glomerulus is the functional unit for filtration of blood and formation of primary urine. This intricate structure is composed of the endothelium with its glycocalyx facing the blood, the glomerular basement membrane and the podocytes facing the urinary space of Bowman's capsule. The mesangial cells are the central hub connecting and supporting all these structures. The components as a unit ensure a high permselectivity hindering large plasma proteins from passing into the urine while readily filtering water and small solutes. There has been a long-standing interest and discussion regarding the functional contribution of the different cellular components but the mesangial cells have been somewhat overlooked in this context. The mesangium is situated in close proximity to all other cellular components of the glomerulus and should be considered important in pathophysiological events leading to glomerular disease. This review will highlight the role of the mesangium in both glomerular function and intra-glomerular crosstalk. It also aims to explain the role of the mesangium as a central component involved in disease onset and progression as well as signaling to maintain the functions of other glomerular cells to uphold permselectivity and glomerular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Ebefors
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lovisa Bergwall
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jenny Nyström
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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16
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Mesangial cells are critical for the proper function of the glomerulus, playing roles in structural support and injury repair. However, they are also early responders to glomerular immune complex deposition and contribute to inflammation and fibrosis in lupus nephritis. This review highlights recent studies identifying signaling pathways and mediators in mesangial cell response to lupus-relevant stimuli. RECENT FINDINGS Anti-dsDNA antibodies, serum, or plasma from individuals with lupus nephritis, or specific pathologic factors activated multiple signaling pathways. These pathways largely included JAK/STAT/SOCS, PI3K/AKT, and MAPK and led to induction of proliferation and expression of multiple proinflammatory cytokines, growth factors, and profibrotic factors. NFκB activation was a common mediator of response. Mesangial cells proliferate and express a wide array of proinflammatory/profibrotic factors in response to a variety of lupus-relevant pathologic stimuli. While some of the responses are similar, the mechanisms involved appear to be diverse depending on the stimulus. Future studies are needed to fully elucidate these mechanisms with respect to the diverse milieu of stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara K Nowling
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, 96 Jonathan Lucas St. CSB 822 MSC 637, Charleston, SC, 29425-6370, USA.
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17
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Singh AK, Hussain S, Ahmed R, Agrawal N, Bhurani D, Klugar M, Sharma M. Impact of Imatinib Treatment on Renal Function in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Patients. Nephrology (Carlton) 2021; 27:318-326. [PMID: 34894374 DOI: 10.1111/nep.14014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, multiple epidemiological studies have linked imatinib with the alteration of kidney function in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients. This meta-analysis aimed to summarize the impact of Imatinib use on renal function in CML patients. METHODS A systematic search was conducted on MEDLINE and Embase to identify articles assessing the impact of imatinib exposure on renal function in CML patients. The risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS). Two authors independently performed literature screening, risk of bias, and data extraction. The risk of renal dysfunction (chronic kidney disease or acute kidney injury) among imatinib users was computed as the primary outcome of interest. The certainty of findings was assessed using the GRADE criteria. RESULTS A total of nine articles qualified for inclusion in the systematic review, of which four articles were eligible for meta-analysis. Based on the scoring on NOS, majority of the included studies were found to be of moderate risk of bias. Majority of the studies (n = 6) reported significantly (p <0.05) decrease in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) after imatinib treatment. The risk of developing renal dysfunction (CKD or AKI) was found to be significantly higher in imatinib users as compared to other TKI (tyrosine kinase inhibitor) users with a pooled relative risk of 2.70 (95% CI: 1.49 - 4.91). Sensitivity analysis also revealed a consistently high risk of renal dysfunction with imatinib use. GRADE criteria revealed low certainty of evidence. CONCLUSION This meta-analysis found an increased risk of renal dysfunction in imatinib users compared to other TKI users. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avinash Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Department of Pharmaceutical Medicine (Division of Pharmacology), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India.,Department of Hemato-Oncology & BMT Unit, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute & Research Centre, New Delhi, India
| | - Salman Hussain
- Czech National Centre for Evidence-Based Healthcare and Knowledge Translation (Cochrane Czech Republic, Czech EBHC: JBI Centre of Excellence, Masaryk University GRADE Centre), Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Rayaz Ahmed
- Department of Hemato-Oncology & BMT Unit, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute & Research Centre, New Delhi, India
| | - Narendra Agrawal
- Department of Hemato-Oncology & BMT Unit, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute & Research Centre, New Delhi, India
| | - Dinesh Bhurani
- Department of Hemato-Oncology & BMT Unit, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute & Research Centre, New Delhi, India
| | - Miloslav Klugar
- Czech National Centre for Evidence-Based Healthcare and Knowledge Translation (Cochrane Czech Republic, Czech EBHC: JBI Centre of Excellence, Masaryk University GRADE Centre), Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Manju Sharma
- School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Department of Pharmaceutical Medicine (Division of Pharmacology), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
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18
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Agarwal S, Sudhini YR, Polat OK, Reiser J, Altintas MM. Renal cell markers: lighthouses for managing renal diseases. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2021; 321:F715-F739. [PMID: 34632812 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00182.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Kidneys, one of the vital organs in our body, are responsible for maintaining whole body homeostasis. The complexity of renal function (e.g., filtration, reabsorption, fluid and electrolyte regulation, and urine production) demands diversity not only at the level of cell types but also in their overall distribution and structural framework within the kidney. To gain an in depth molecular-level understanding of the renal system, it is imperative to discern the components of kidney and the types of cells residing in each of the subregions. Recent developments in labeling, tracing, and imaging techniques have enabled us to mark, monitor, and identify these cells in vivo with high efficiency in a minimally invasive manner. In this review, we summarize different cell types, specific markers that are uniquely associated with those cell types, and their distribution in the kidney, which altogether make kidneys so special and different. Cellular sorting based on the presence of certain proteins on the cell surface allowed for the assignment of multiple markers for each cell type. However, different studies using different techniques have found contradictions in cell type-specific markers. Thus, the term "cell marker" might be imprecise and suboptimal, leading to uncertainty when interpreting the data. Therefore, we strongly believe that there is an unmet need to define the best cell markers for a cell type. Although the compendium of renal-selective marker proteins presented in this review is a resource that may be useful to researchers, we acknowledge that the list may not be necessarily exhaustive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivangi Agarwal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | - Onur K Polat
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jochen Reiser
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University, Chicago, Illinois
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19
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Bian Q, Anderson JC, Zhang XW, Huang ZQ, Ebefors K, Nyström J, Hall S, Novak L, Julian BA, Willey CD, Novak J. Mesangioproliferative Kidney Diseases and Platelet-Derived Growth Factor-Mediated AXL Phosphorylation. Kidney Med 2021; 3:1003-1013.e1. [PMID: 34939009 PMCID: PMC8664734 DOI: 10.1016/j.xkme.2021.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE & OBJECTIVE Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) is a common glomerular disease, with mesangial cell proliferation as a major feature. There is no disease-specific treatment. Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) contributes to the pathogenesis of IgAN. To better understand its pathogenic mechanisms, we assessed PDGF-mediated AXL phosphorylation in human mesangial cells and kidney tissue biopsy specimens. STUDY DESIGN Immunostaining using human kidney biopsy specimens and in vitro studies using primary human mesangial cells. SETTING & PARTICIPANTS Phosphorylation of AXL was assessed in cultured mesangial cells and 10 kidney-biopsy specimens from 5 patients with IgAN, 3 with minimal change disease, 1 with membranous nephropathy, and 1 with mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis (GN). PREDICTOR Glomerular staining for phospho-AXL in kidney biopsy specimens of patients with mesangioproliferative diseases. OUTCOMES Phosphorylated AXL detected in biopsy tissues of patients with IgAN and mesangioproliferative GN and in cultured mesangial cells stimulated with PDGF. ANALYTIC APPROACH t test, Mann-Whitney test, and analysis of variance were used to assess the significance of mesangial cell proliferative changes. RESULTS Immunohistochemical staining revealed enhanced phosphorylation of glomerular AXL in IgAN and mesangioproliferative GN, but not in minimal change disease and membranous nephropathy. Confocal-microscopy immunofluorescence analysis indicated that mesangial cells rather than endothelial cells or podocytes expressed phospho-AXL. Kinomic profiling of primary mesangial cells treated with PDGF revealed activation of several protein-tyrosine kinases, including AXL. Immunoprecipitation experiments indicated association of AXL and PDGF receptor proteins. An AXL-specific inhibitor (bemcentinib) partially blocked PDGF-induced cellular proliferation and reduced phosphorylation of AXL and PDGF receptor and the downstream signals (AKT1 and ERK1/2). LIMITATIONS Small number of kidney biopsy specimens to correlate the activation of AXL with disease severity. CONCLUSIONS PDGF-mediated signaling in mesangial cells involves transactivation of AXL. Finding appropriate inhibitors to block PDGF-mediated transactivation of AXL may provide new therapeutic options for mesangioproliferative kidney diseases such as IgAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Bian
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
- Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Xian Wen Zhang
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | | | - Stacy Hall
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Lea Novak
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | | | | | - Jan Novak
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
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20
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Shaw IW, O'Sullivan ED, Pisco AO, Borthwick G, Gallagher KM, Péault B, Hughes J, Ferenbach DA. Aging modulates the effects of ischemic injury upon mesenchymal cells within the renal interstitium and microvasculature. Stem Cells Transl Med 2021; 10:1232-1248. [PMID: 33951342 PMCID: PMC8284778 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.20-0392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The renal mesenchyme contains heterogeneous cells, including interstitial fibroblasts and pericytes, with key roles in wound healing. Although healing is impaired in aged kidneys, the effect of age and injury on the mesenchyme remains poorly understood. We characterized renal mesenchymal cell heterogeneity in young vs old animals and after ischemia‐reperfusion‐injury (IRI) using multiplex immunolabeling and single cell transcriptomics. Expression patterns of perivascular cell markers (α‐SMA, CD146, NG2, PDGFR‐α, and PDGFR‐β) correlated with their interstitial location. PDGFR‐α and PDGFR‐β co‐expression labeled renal myofibroblasts more efficiently than the current standard marker α‐SMA, and CD146 was a superior murine renal pericyte marker. Three renal mesenchymal subtypes; pericytes, fibroblasts, and myofibroblasts, were recapitulated with data from two independently performed single cell transcriptomic analyzes of murine kidneys, the first dataset an aging cohort and the second dataset injured kidneys following IRI. Mesenchymal cells segregated into subtypes with distinct patterns of expression with aging and following injury. Baseline uninjured old kidneys resembled post‐ischemic young kidneys, with this phenotype further exaggerated following IRI. These studies demonstrate that age modulates renal perivascular/interstitial cell marker expression and transcriptome at baseline and in response to injury and provide tools for the histological and transcriptomic analysis of renal mesenchymal cells, paving the way for more accurate classification of renal mesenchymal cell heterogeneity and identification of age‐specific pathways and targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac W Shaw
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Eoin D O'Sullivan
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Department of Renal Medicine, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Gary Borthwick
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Kevin M Gallagher
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Department of Renal Medicine, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Bruno Péault
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Orthopaedic Hospital Research Center and Broad Stem Cell Research Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jeremy Hughes
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Department of Renal Medicine, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - David A Ferenbach
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Department of Renal Medicine, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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21
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Abstract
Renal epithelial cells show remarkable regenerative capacity to recover from acute injury, which involves specific phenotypic changes, but also significant profibrotic tubule-interstitial crosstalk. Tubule-derived profibrotic stimuli and subsequent myofibroblast activation and extracellular matrix deposition have been linked closely with decline of renal function and nephron loss. However, recent data have questioned the view of purely detrimental effects of myofibroblast activation in the injured kidney and even suggested its beneficial role for epithelial regeneration. This article reviews the current understanding of the underlying mechanisms of tubular cell turnover, new suggested pathways of proregenerative tubular-interstitial crosstalk, and relevant insights of proliferation-enhancing effects of myofibroblasts on epithelial cells in nonrenal tissues.
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22
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Tang R, Meng T, Lin W, Shen C, Ooi JD, Eggenhuizen PJ, Jin P, Ding X, Chen J, Tang Y, Xiao Z, Ao X, Peng W, Zhou Q, Xiao P, Zhong Y, Xiao X. A Partial Picture of the Single-Cell Transcriptomics of Human IgA Nephropathy. Front Immunol 2021; 12:645988. [PMID: 33936064 PMCID: PMC8085501 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.645988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms underlying renal damage of IgA nephropathy (IgAN) remain incompletely defined. Here, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) was applied to kidney biopsies from IgAN and control subjects to define the transcriptomic landscape at single-cell resolution. We presented a comprehensive scRNA-seq analysis of human renal biopsies from IgAN. We showed for the first time that IgAN mesangial cells displayed increased expression of several novel genes including MALAT1, GADD45B, SOX4, and EDIL3, which were related to cell proliferation and matrix accumulation. The overexpressed genes in tubule cells of IgAN were mainly enriched in inflammatory pathways including TNF signaling, IL-17 signaling, and NOD-like receptor signaling. Furthermore, we compared the results of 4 IgAN patients with the published scRNA-Seq data of healthy kidney tissues of three human donors in order to further validate the findings in our study. The results also verified that the overexpressed genes in tubule cells from IgAN patients were mainly enriched in inflammatory pathways including TNF signaling, IL-17 signaling, and NOD-like receptor signaling. The receptor-ligand crosstalk analysis revealed potential interactions between mesangial cells and other cells in IgAN. IgAN patients with overt proteinuria displayed elevated genes participating in several signaling pathways compared with microproteinuria group. It needs to be mentioned that based on number of mesangial cells and other kidney cells analyzed in this study, the results of our study are preliminary and needs to be confirmed on larger number of cells from larger number of patients and controls in future studies. Therefore, these results offer new insight into pathogenesis and identify new therapeutic targets for IgAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Tang
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ting Meng
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Lin
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chanjuan Shen
- Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Joshua D Ooi
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Peter J Eggenhuizen
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Peng Jin
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiang Ding
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jinbiao Chen
- Department of Medical Records & Information, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yangshuo Tang
- Department of Ultrasound, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhou Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiang Ao
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Weisheng Peng
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiaoling Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ping Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yong Zhong
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiangcheng Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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23
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Geng H, Lan R, Liu Y, Chen W, Wu M, Saikumar P, Weinberg JM, Venkatachalam MA. Proximal tubule LPA1 and LPA2 receptors use divergent signaling pathways to additively increase profibrotic cytokine secretion. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2021; 320:F359-F374. [PMID: 33427061 PMCID: PMC7988817 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00494.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) increases platelet-derived growth factor-B (PDGFB) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) production and secretion by proximal tubule (PT) cells through LPA2 receptor-Gqα-αvβ6-integrin-mediated activation of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGFB1). LPA2, β6-integrin, PDGFB, and CTGF increase in kidneys after ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), coinciding with fibrosis. The TGFB1 receptor antagonist SD-208 prevents increases of β6-integrin, TGFB1-SMAD signaling, and PDGFB/CTGF expression after IRI and ameliorates fibrosis (Geng H, Lan R, Singha PK, Gilchrist A, Weinreb PH, Violette SM, Weinberg JM, Saikumar P, Venkatachalam MA. Am J Pathol 181: 1236-1249, 2012; Geng H, Lan R, Wang G, Siddiqi AR, Naski MC, Brooks AI, Barnes JL, Saikumar P, Weinberg JM, Venkatachalam MA. Am J Pathol 174: 1291-1308, 2009). We report now that LPA1 receptor signaling through epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-ERK1/2-activator protein-1 cooperates with LPA2-dependent TGFB1 signaling to additively increase PDGFB/CTGF production and secretion by PT cells. Conversely, inhibition of both pathways results in greater suppression of PDGFB/CTGF production and secretion and promotes greater PT cellular differentiation than inhibiting one pathway alone. Antagonism of the LPA-generating enzyme autotaxin suppressed signaling through both pathways. After IRI, kidneys showed not only more LPA2, nuclear SMAD2/3, and PDGFB/CTGF but also increased LPA1 and autotaxin proteins, together with enhanced EGFR/ERK1/2 activation. Remarkably, the TGFB1 receptor antagonist SD-208 prevented all of these abnormalities excepting increased LPA2. SD-208 inhibits only one arm of LPA signaling: LPA2-Gqα-αvβ6-integrin-dependent production of active TGFB1 and its receptor-bound downstream effects. Consequently, far-reaching protection by SD-208 against IRI-induced signaling alterations and tubule-interstitial pathology is not fully explained by our data. TGFB1-dependent feedforward modulation of LPA1 signaling is one possibility. SD-208 effects may also involve mitigation of injury caused by IRI-induced TGFB1 signaling in endothelial cells and monocytes. Our results have translational implications for using TGFB1 receptor antagonists, LPA1 and LPA2 inhibitors concurrently, and autotaxin inhibitors in acute kidney injury to prevent the development of chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Geng
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Rongpei Lan
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Yaguang Liu
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Meng Wu
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Pothana Saikumar
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Joel M Weinberg
- Department of Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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24
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Maity S, Das F, Kasinath BS, Ghosh-Choudhury N, Ghosh Choudhury G. TGFβ acts through PDGFRβ to activate mTORC1 via the Akt/PRAS40 axis and causes glomerular mesangial cell hypertrophy and matrix protein expression. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:14262-14278. [PMID: 32732288 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.014994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Interaction of transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ)-induced canonical signaling with the noncanonical kinase cascades regulates glomerular hypertrophy and matrix protein deposition, which are early features of glomerulosclerosis. However, the specific target downstream of the TGFβ receptor involved in the noncanonical signaling is unknown. Here, we show that TGFβ increased the catalytic loop phosphorylation of platelet-derived growth factor receptor β (PDGFRβ), a receptor tyrosine kinase expressed abundantly in glomerular mesangial cells. TGFβ increased phosphorylation of the PI 3-kinase-interacting Tyr-751 residue of PDGFRβ, thus activating Akt. Inhibition of PDGFRβ using a pharmacological inhibitor and siRNAs blocked TGFβ-stimulated phosphorylation of proline-rich Akt substrate of 40 kDa (PRAS40), an intrinsic inhibitory component of mTORC1, and prevented activation of mTORC1 in the absence of any effect on Smad 2/3 phosphorylation. Expression of constitutively active myristoylated Akt reversed the siPDGFRβ-mediated inhibition of mTORC1 activity; however, co-expression of the phospho-deficient mutant of PRAS40 inhibited the effect of myristoylated Akt, suggesting a definitive role of PRAS40 phosphorylation in mTORC1 activation downstream of PDGFRβ in mesangial cells. Additionally, we demonstrate that PDGFRβ-initiated phosphorylation of PRAS40 is required for TGFβ-induced mesangial cell hypertrophy and fibronectin and collagen I (α2) production. Increased activating phosphorylation of PDGFRβ is also associated with enhanced TGFβ expression and mTORC1 activation in the kidney cortex and glomeruli of diabetic mice and rats, respectively. Thus, pursuing TGFβ noncanonical signaling, we identified how TGFβ receptor I achieves mTORC1 activation through PDGFRβ-mediated Akt/PRAS40 phosphorylation to spur mesangial cell hypertrophy and matrix protein accumulation. These findings provide support for targeting PDGFRβ in TGFβ-driven renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumya Maity
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Falguni Das
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Balakuntalam S Kasinath
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA.,Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | | | - Goutam Ghosh Choudhury
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA .,Department of Veterans Affairs Research, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas, USA.,Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas, USA
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25
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Buhl EM, Djudjaj S, Klinkhammer BM, Ermert K, Puelles VG, Lindenmeyer MT, Cohen CD, He C, Borkham‐Kamphorst E, Weiskirchen R, Denecke B, Trairatphisan P, Saez‐Rodriguez J, Huber TB, Olson LE, Floege J, Boor P. Dysregulated mesenchymal PDGFR-β drives kidney fibrosis. EMBO Mol Med 2020; 12:e11021. [PMID: 31943786 PMCID: PMC7059015 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201911021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 12/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Kidney fibrosis is characterized by expansion and activation of platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β (PDGFR-β)-positive mesenchymal cells. To study the consequences of PDGFR-β activation, we developed a model of primary renal fibrosis using transgenic mice with PDGFR-β activation specifically in renal mesenchymal cells, driving their pathological proliferation and phenotypic switch toward myofibroblasts. This resulted in progressive mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis, mesangial sclerosis, and interstitial fibrosis with progressive anemia due to loss of erythropoietin production by fibroblasts. Fibrosis induced secondary tubular epithelial injury at later stages, coinciding with microinflammation, and aggravated the progression of hypertensive and obstructive nephropathy. Inhibition of PDGFR activation reversed fibrosis more effectively in the tubulointerstitium compared to glomeruli. Gene expression signatures in mice with PDGFR-β activation resembled those found in patients. In conclusion, PDGFR-β activation alone is sufficient to induce progressive renal fibrosis and failure, mimicking key aspects of chronic kidney disease in humans. Our data provide direct proof that fibrosis per se can drive chronic organ damage and establish a model of primary fibrosis allowing specific studies targeting fibrosis progression and regression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva M Buhl
- Institute of PathologyRWTH University of AachenAachenGermany
- Division of NephrologyRWTH University of AachenAachenGermany
- Electron Microscopy FacilityRWTH University of AachenAachenGermany
| | - Sonja Djudjaj
- Institute of PathologyRWTH University of AachenAachenGermany
| | | | - Katja Ermert
- Institute of PathologyRWTH University of AachenAachenGermany
| | - Victor G Puelles
- Division of NephrologyRWTH University of AachenAachenGermany
- III. Department of MedicineUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfHamburgGermany
- Department of NephrologyMonash Health, and Center for Inflammatory DiseasesMonash UniversityMelbourneVic.Australia
| | - Maja T Lindenmeyer
- III. Department of MedicineUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfHamburgGermany
| | - Clemens D Cohen
- Nephrological CenterMedical Clinic and Policlinic IVUniversity of MunichMunichGermany
| | - Chaoyong He
- Cardiovascular Biology ProgramOklahoma Medical Research FoundationOklahoma CityOKUSA
- State Key Laboratory of Natural MedicinesDepartment of PharmacologyChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Erawan Borkham‐Kamphorst
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical ChemistryRWTH University of AachenAachenGermany
| | - Ralf Weiskirchen
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical ChemistryRWTH University of AachenAachenGermany
| | - Bernd Denecke
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF)RWTH University of AachenAachenGermany
| | - Panuwat Trairatphisan
- Faculty of MedicineInstitute for Computational BiomedicineHeidelberg University, and Heidelberg University HospitalHeidelbergGermany
| | - Julio Saez‐Rodriguez
- Faculty of MedicineInstitute for Computational BiomedicineHeidelberg University, and Heidelberg University HospitalHeidelbergGermany
| | - Tobias B Huber
- III. Department of MedicineUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfHamburgGermany
| | - Lorin E Olson
- Cardiovascular Biology ProgramOklahoma Medical Research FoundationOklahoma CityOKUSA
| | - Jürgen Floege
- Division of NephrologyRWTH University of AachenAachenGermany
| | - Peter Boor
- Institute of PathologyRWTH University of AachenAachenGermany
- Division of NephrologyRWTH University of AachenAachenGermany
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26
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Hreha TN, Collins CA, Daugherty AL, Twentyman J, Paluri N, Hunstad DA. TGFβ1 orchestrates renal fibrosis following Escherichia coli pyelonephritis. Physiol Rep 2020; 8:e14401. [PMID: 32227630 PMCID: PMC7104652 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal scarring after pyelonephritis is linked to long-term health risks for hypertension and chronic kidney disease. Androgen exposure increases susceptibility to, and severity of, uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) pyelonephritis and resultant scarring in both male and female mice, while anti-androgen therapy is protective against severe urinary tract infection (UTI) in these models. This work employed androgenized female C57BL/6 mice to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of post-infectious renal fibrosis and to determine how these pathways are altered by the presence of androgens. We found that elevated circulating testosterone levels primed the kidney for fibrosis by increasing local production of TGFβ1 before the initiation of UTI, altering the ratio of transcription factors Smad2 and Smad3 and increasing the presence of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-like cells and Gli1 + activated myofibroblasts, the cells primarily responsible for deposition of scar components. Increased production of TGFβ1 and aberrations in Smad2:Smad3 were maintained throughout the course of infection in the presence of androgen, correlating with renal scarring that was not observed in non-androgenized female mice. Pharmacologic inhibition of TGFβ1 signaling blunted myofibroblast activation. We conclude that renal fibrosis after pyelonephritis is exacerbated by the presence of androgens and involves activation of the TGFβ1 signaling cascade, leading to increases in cortical populations of MSC-like cells and the Gli1 + activated myofibroblasts that are responsible for scarring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teri N. Hreha
- Department of PediatricsWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMOUSA
| | | | | | - Joy Twentyman
- Department of PediatricsWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMOUSA
- Present address:
Department of Global HealthUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA
| | - Nitin Paluri
- Department of PediatricsWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMOUSA
| | - David A. Hunstad
- Department of PediatricsWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMOUSA
- Department of Molecular MicrobiologyWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMOUSA
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27
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Gao L, Zhong X, Jin J, Li J, Meng XM. Potential targeted therapy and diagnosis based on novel insight into growth factors, receptors, and downstream effectors in acute kidney injury and acute kidney injury-chronic kidney disease progression. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2020; 5:9. [PMID: 32296020 PMCID: PMC7018831 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-0106-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Revised: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is defined as a rapid decline in renal function and is characterized by excessive renal inflammation and programmed death of resident cells. AKI shows high morbidity and mortality, and severe or repeated AKI can transition to chronic kidney disease (CKD) or even end-stage renal disease (ESRD); however, very few effective and specific therapies are available, except for supportive treatment. Growth factors, such as epidermal growth factor (EGF), insulin-like growth factor (IGF), and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), are significantly altered in AKI models and have been suggested to play critical roles in the repair process of AKI because of their roles in cell regeneration and renal repair. In recent years, a series of studies have shown evidence that growth factors, receptors, and downstream effectors may be highly involved in the mechanism of AKI and may function in the early stage of AKI in response to stimuli by regulating inflammation and programmed cell death. Moreover, certain growth factors or correlated proteins act as biomarkers for AKI due to their sensitivity and specificity. Furthermore, growth factors originating from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) via paracrine signaling or extracellular vesicles recruit leukocytes or repair intrinsic cells and may participate in AKI repair or the AKI-CKD transition. In addition, growth factor-modified MSCs show superior therapeutic potential compared to that of unmodified controls. In this review, we summarized the current therapeutic and diagnostic strategies targeting growth factors to treat AKI in clinical trials. We also evaluated the possibilities of other growth factor-correlated molecules as therapeutic targets in the treatment of AKI and the AKI-CKD transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Gao
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, 230032, Hefei, China
| | - Xiang Zhong
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 610072, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Juan Jin
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunopharmacology, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, 230032, Hefei, China
| | - Jun Li
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, 230032, Hefei, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Meng
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, 230032, Hefei, China.
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28
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Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a devastating condition that is reaching epidemic levels owing to the increasing prevalence of diabetes mellitus, hypertension and obesity, as well as ageing of the population. Regardless of the underlying aetiology, CKD is slowly progressive and leads to irreversible nephron loss, end-stage renal disease and/or premature death. Factors that contribute to CKD progression include parenchymal cell loss, chronic inflammation, fibrosis and reduced regenerative capacity of the kidney. Current therapies have limited effectiveness and only delay disease progression, underscoring the need to develop novel therapeutic approaches to either stop or reverse progression. Preclinical studies have identified several approaches that reduce fibrosis in experimental models, including targeting cytokines, transcription factors, developmental and signalling pathways and epigenetic modulators, particularly microRNAs. Some of these nephroprotective strategies are now being tested in clinical trials. Lessons learned from the failure of clinical studies of transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) blockade underscore the need for alternative approaches to CKD therapy, as strategies that target a single pathogenic process may result in unexpected negative effects on simultaneously occurring processes. Additional promising avenues include preventing tubular cell injury and anti-fibrotic therapies that target activated myofibroblasts, the main collagen-producing cells.
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29
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de Paiva BR, Esgalhado M, Borges NA, Kemp JA, Alves G, Leite PEC, Macedo R, Cardozo LFMF, de Brito JS, Mafra D. Resistant starch supplementation attenuates inflammation in hemodialysis patients: a pilot study. Int Urol Nephrol 2020; 52:549-555. [PMID: 32008198 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-020-02392-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, dysbiosis is associated with inflammation and cardiovascular risk, so many nutritional strategies are being studied to reduce these complications. Resistant starch (RS) can be considered a prebiotic that promotes many benefits, including modulation of gut microbiota which is linked to immune-modulatory effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of RS supplementation on proinflammatory cytokines in CKD patients on hemodialysis (HD). METHODS A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial was conducted with sixteen HD patients (55.3 ± 10.05 years, body mass index (BMI) 25.9 ± 5.42 kg/m2, 56% men, time on dialysis 38.9 ± 29.23 months). They were allocated to the RS group (16 g RS/day) or placebo group (manioc flour). The serum concentration of ten cytokines and growth factors was detected through a multiparametric immunoassay based on XMap-labeled magnetic microbeads (Luminex Corp, USA) before and after 4 weeks with RS supplementation. RESULTS After RS supplementation, there was a reduction of Regulated upon Activation, Normal T-Cell Expressed and Secreted (p < 0.001), platelet-derived growth factor (two B subunits) (p = 0.014) and interferon-inducible protein 10 (IP-10) (p = 0.027). The other parameters did not change significantly. CONCLUSION This preliminary result indicates that RS may contribute to a desirable profile of inflammatory markers in CKD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Regis de Paiva
- Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil. .,Hospital Universitário Antônio Pedro, Rua Marquês do Paraná nº 303, 4º andar, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Marta Esgalhado
- Graduate Program in Cardiovascular Sciences, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Julie Ann Kemp
- Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Gutemberg Alves
- Clinical Research Unit, Antônio Pedro Hospital, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Paulo Emílio Corrêa Leite
- Laboratory of Bioengineering and in Vitro Toxicology, Directory of Metrology Applied to Life Science-Dimav, National Institute of Metrology Quality and Technology-INMETRO, Duque de Caxias, RJ, Brazil
| | - Renata Macedo
- Graduate Program in Cardiovascular Sciences, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ludmila F M F Cardozo
- Graduate Program in Cardiovascular Sciences, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Jessyca Sousa de Brito
- Graduate Program in Cardiovascular Sciences, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Denise Mafra
- Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Cardiovascular Sciences, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
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30
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Bigaeva E, Stribos EGD, Mutsaers HAM, Piersma B, Leliveld AM, de Jong IJ, Bank RA, Seelen MA, van Goor H, Wollin L, Olinga P, Boersema M. Inhibition of tyrosine kinase receptor signaling attenuates fibrogenesis in an ex vivo model of human renal fibrosis. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2019; 318:F117-F134. [PMID: 31736352 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00108.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Poor translation from animal studies to human clinical trials is one of the main hurdles in the development of new drugs. Here, we used precision-cut kidney slices (PCKS) as a translational model to study renal fibrosis and to investigate whether inhibition of tyrosine kinase receptors, with the selective inhibitor nintedanib, can halt fibrosis in murine and human PCKS. We used renal tissue of murine and human origins to obtain PCKS. Control slices and slices treated with nintedanib were studied to assess viability, activation of tyrosine kinase receptors, cell proliferation, collagen type I accumulation, and gene and protein regulation. During culture, PCKS spontaneously develop a fibrotic response that resembles in vivo fibrogenesis. Nintedanib blocked culture-induced phosphorylation of platelet-derived growth factor receptor and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor. Furthermore, nintedanib inhibited cell proliferation and reduced collagen type I accumulation and expression of fibrosis-related genes in healthy murine and human PCKS. Modulation of extracellular matrix homeostasis was achieved already at 0.1 μM, whereas high concentrations (1 and 5 μM) elicited possible nonselective effects. In PCKS from human diseased renal tissue, nintedanib showed limited capacity to reverse established fibrosis. In conclusion, nintedanib attenuated the onset of fibrosis in both murine and human PCKS by inhibiting the phosphorylation of tyrosine kinase receptors; however, the reversal of established fibrosis was not achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Bigaeva
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth G D Stribos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Henricus A M Mutsaers
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Bram Piersma
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anna M Leliveld
- Department of Urology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Igle J de Jong
- Department of Urology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ruud A Bank
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marc A Seelen
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Harry van Goor
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lutz Wollin
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma, Biberach, Germany
| | - Peter Olinga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Miriam Boersema
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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31
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The effectiveness of chitosan-mediated silencing of PDGF-B and PDGFR-β in the mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis therapy. Exp Mol Pathol 2019; 110:104280. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2019.104280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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32
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Di Benedetto P, Ruscitti P, Liakouli V, Del Galdo F, Giacomelli R, Cipriani P. Linking myofibroblast generation and microvascular alteration: The role of CD248 from pathogenesis to therapeutic target (Review). Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:1488-1498. [PMID: 31257535 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis is characterized by excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition, and is the pathological outcome of tissue injury in a number of disorders. Accumulation of the ECM may disrupt the structure and function of native tissues and organs, including the lungs, heart, liver and skin, resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. On this basis, multiple lines of evidence have focused on the molecular pathways and cellular mechanisms involved in fibrosis, which has led to the development of novel antifibrotic therapies. CD248 is one of several proteins identified to be localized to the stromal compartment in cancers and fibroproliferative disease, and may serve a key role in myofibroblast generation and accumulation. Numerous studies have supported the contribution of CD248 to tumour growth and fibrosis, stimulating interest in this molecule as a therapeutic target. In addition, it has been revealed that CD248 may be involved in pathological angiogenesis. The present review describes the current understanding of the structure and function of CD248 during angiogenesis and fibrosis, supporting the hypothesis that blocking CD248 signalling may prevent both myofibroblast generation and microvascular alterations during tissue fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Di Benedetto
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Rheumatology Unit, School of Medicine, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila I‑67100, Italy
| | - Piero Ruscitti
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Rheumatology Unit, School of Medicine, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila I‑67100, Italy
| | - Vasiliki Liakouli
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Rheumatology Unit, School of Medicine, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila I‑67100, Italy
| | - Francesco Del Galdo
- Leeds Biomedical Research Centre and Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Roberto Giacomelli
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Rheumatology Unit, School of Medicine, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila I‑67100, Italy
| | - Paola Cipriani
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Rheumatology Unit, School of Medicine, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila I‑67100, Italy
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Li Q, Tu J, Zhou B. The tannins from Punica granatum L, natural regulator of TGF-β1/Smad signaling activity improves nephrectomy and adriamycin induced focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in vivo. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
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34
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Ren X, Qin Y, Huang X, Zuo L, Jiang Q. Assessment of chronic renal injury in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia in the chronic phase receiving tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Ann Hematol 2019; 98:1627-1640. [PMID: 31089794 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-019-03690-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Age Factors
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Disease-Free Survival
- Female
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/mortality
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/administration & dosage
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/adverse effects
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/chemically induced
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/drug therapy
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/mortality
- Retrospective Studies
- Sex Factors
- Survival Rate
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Ren
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, No. 11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Yazhen Qin
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, No. 11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Xiaojun Huang
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, No. 11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Li Zuo
- Peking University People's Hospital, Department of Nephrology, Beijing, China.
| | - Qian Jiang
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, No. 11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, 100044, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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Peng CC, Chen CY, Chen CR, Chen CJ, Shen KH, Chen KC, Peng RY. Renal Damaging Effect Elicited by Bicalutamide Therapy Uncovered Multiple Action Mechanisms As Evidenced by the Cell Model. Sci Rep 2019; 9:3392. [PMID: 30833616 PMCID: PMC6399217 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39533-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Bicalutamide (Bic) is frequently used in androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for treating prostate cancer. ADT-induced hypogonadism was reported to have the potential to lead to acute kidney injury (AKI). ADT was also shown to induce bladder fibrosis via induction of the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β level. We hypothesized that Bic can likely induce renal fibrosis. To understand this, a cell model was used to explore expressions of relevant profibrotic proteins. Results indicated that Bic initiated multiple apoptotic and fibrotic pathways, including androgen deprivation, downregulation of the androgen receptor → phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase → Akt pathway, upregulation of the extrinsic apoptotic pathway- tumor necrosis factor α → nuclear factor κB → caspase-3, increased expressions of fibrosis-related proteins including platelet-derived growth factor β, fibronectin and collagen IV, and enhanced cell migration. The endoplasmic reticular stress pathway and smooth muscle actin were unaffected by Bic. Co-treatment with testosterone was shown to have an anti-apoptotic effect against Bic, suggesting a better outcome of Bic therapy if administered with an appropriate testosterone intervention. However, since Bic was found to inhibit the membrane transport and consumption rates of testosterone, a slightly larger dose of testosterone is recommended. In conclusion, these pathways can be considered to be pharmaceutically relevant targets for drug development in treating the adverse effects of Bic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiung Chi Peng
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Yu Chen
- Wayland Academy, 101 North University Avenue, Beaver Dam, WI, 53916, USA
| | - Chang-Rong Chen
- International Medical Doctor Program, The Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milano, Italy
| | - Chang-Jui Chen
- Wayland Academy, 101 North University Avenue, Beaver Dam, WI, 53916, USA
| | - Kun-Hung Shen
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, 710, Taiwan.,Department of Optometry, College of Medicine and Life Science, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, 717, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Chou Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan. .,Department of Urology, Taipei Medical University Shuang-Ho Hospital, 291, Zhong-Zheng Rd., Zhong-He, Taipei, 23561, Taiwan. .,Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Shing St., Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Robert Y Peng
- Research Institute of Biotechnology, School of Medicine and Nursing, Hungkuang University, No.1018, Sec. 6, Taiwan Boulevard, Shalu District, Taichung City, 43302, Taiwan
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Massey SC, Hawkins-Daarud A, Gallaher J, Anderson ARA, Canoll P, Swanson KR. Lesion Dynamics Under Varying Paracrine PDGF Signaling in Brain Tissue. Bull Math Biol 2019; 81:1645-1664. [PMID: 30796683 DOI: 10.1007/s11538-019-00587-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Paracrine PDGF signaling is involved in many processes in the body, both normal and pathological, including embryonic development, angiogenesis, and wound healing as well as liver fibrosis, atherosclerosis, and cancers. We explored this seemingly dual (normal and pathological) role of PDGF mathematically by modeling the release of PDGF in brain tissue and then varying the dynamics of this release. Resulting simulations show that by varying the dynamics of a PDGF source, our model predicts three possible outcomes for PDGF-driven cellular recruitment and lesion growth: (1) localized, short duration of growth, (2) localized, chronic growth, and (3) widespread chronic growth. Further, our model predicts that the type of response is much more sensitive to the duration of PDGF exposure than the maximum level of that exposure. This suggests that extended duration of paracrine PDGF signal during otherwise normal processes could potentially lead to lesions having a phenotype consistent with pathologic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Christine Massey
- Precision Neurotherapeutics Innovation Program, Mayo Clinic, 5777 E Mayo Blvd, Phoenix, AZ, 85054, USA.
| | - Andrea Hawkins-Daarud
- Precision Neurotherapeutics Innovation Program, Mayo Clinic, 5777 E Mayo Blvd, Phoenix, AZ, 85054, USA
| | - Jill Gallaher
- Integrative Mathematical Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | | | - Peter Canoll
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kristin R Swanson
- Precision Neurotherapeutics Innovation Program, Mayo Clinic, 5777 E Mayo Blvd, Phoenix, AZ, 85054, USA
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37
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Transition metal complexes based aptamers as optical diagnostic tools for disease proteins and biomolecules. Coord Chem Rev 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2018.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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38
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Meng XM. Inflammatory Mediators and Renal Fibrosis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1165:381-406. [PMID: 31399975 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-8871-2_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Renal inflammation is the initial, healthy response to renal injury. However, prolonged inflammation promotes the fibrosis process, which leads to chronic pathology and eventually end-stage kidney disease. There are two major sources of inflammatory cells: first, bone marrow-derived leukocytes that include neutrophils, macrophages, fibrocytes and mast cells, and second, locally activated kidney cells such as mesangial cells, podocytes, tubular epithelial cells, endothelial cells and fibroblasts. These activated cells produce many profibrotic cytokines and growth factors that cause accumulation and activation of myofibroblasts, and enhance the production of the extracellular matrix. In particular, activated macrophages are key mediators that drive acute inflammation into chronic kidney disease. They produce large amounts of profibrotic factors and modify the microenvironment via a paracrine effect, and they also transdifferentiate to myofibroblasts directly, although the origin of myofibroblasts in the fibrosing kidney remains controversial. Collectively, understanding inflammatory cell functions and mechanisms during renal fibrosis is paramount to improving diagnosis and treatment of chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ming Meng
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
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39
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Macrophage migration-inhibitory factor (MIF) is a cytokine best known for its proinflammatory and disease-aggravating role in a number of conditions, including atherosclerosis, autoimmune diseases, sepsis, and glomerulonephritides. OBJECTIVES In our studies we aimed to define the role of MIF on local renal resident cells, in particular the renal epithelium. RESULTS We have shown that MIF exerts local effects on glomerular cells, in particular the parietal epithelial cells and mesangial cells, promoting their pathological proliferation and aggravating disease course of a murine model of immune-mediated glomerulonephritis. In contrast, in a large set of animal and in vitro experiments, we have shown that in the setting of chronic kidney disease, MIF had an unexpected and potent antifibrotic and anti-inflammatory effect. This was mediated by enhanced regeneration and reduced cell-cycle arrest of tubular epithelial cells. Finally, in a combined approach using clinical studies, animal models, and in vitro experiments, we have shown that MIF is also renoprotective in the setting of acute kidney injury. In this setting, MIF-modulated programmed cell death of tubular cells and thereby reduced necroinflammation and kidney injury. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, MIF has a dual role in kidney diseases, promoting (auto)immune glomerular diseases and limiting tubular cell injury in the setting of acute and chronic kidney diseases. These data suggest potential safety issues of systemic MIF targeted therapies, but also open new therapeutic options by targeting MIF or its analogues to tubular cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Boor
- Institute of Pathology, University Clinic, RWTH University of Aachen, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany. .,Division of Nephrology, RWTH University of Aachen, Aachen, Germany.
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40
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Lee J, McMillan R, Skiadopoulos L, Bansal V, Biller J, Hoppensteadt D, Fareed J. Circulating Biomarker Levels in Patients With Stage 5 Chronic Kidney Disease With Respect to Neurovascular Diseases. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2018; 24:314S-322S. [PMID: 30428695 PMCID: PMC6714841 DOI: 10.1177/1076029618811090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of neurocognitive deficits remains high in patients with stage 5 chronic
kidney disease (CKD5D). Major contributors to such deficits include stroke, cervical
carotid artery disease (CCAD), and intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD). The risk
of developing these dysfunctional vascular processes is facilitated by the chronic
inflammation associated with renal failure. Plasma levels of 10 circulating biomarkers in
patients with CKD5D (n = 78-90) were quantified using the sandwich enzyme linked immune
sorbent assay method. Biomarkers for this study included kidney injury molecule-1,
N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), neutrophil
gelatinase-associated lipocalin, interleukin-18, endothelin 1, calcifediol, parathyroid
hormone, platelet-derived growth factor, microparticles-expressing tissue factor, and
lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)). Of the 90 patients with CKD5D, 30 had CCAD, 24 had ICAD, and 22
had stroke. Lp(a) level was significantly elevated in patients with CKD5D with comorbid
ICAD compared to those without (125.70 ± 10.03 ng/mL vs 97.16 ± 5.97 ng/mL;
P = .0065). NT-proBNP level was also significantly elevated in patients
with CKD5D with comorbid stroke diagnosis compared to those without stroke history, once
patients with a diagnosis of heart failure (HF) were excluded (14.84 ± 2.80 ng/mL vs 9.06
± 1.27 ng/mL; P = .0283). Profiling levels of Lp(a) and NT-ProBNP could
thus be useful in the risk stratification of ICAD and stroke, respectively, in the CKD5D
population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Lee
- Department of Pathology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Ryan McMillan
- Department of Pathology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA
| | | | - Vinod Bansal
- Department of Nephrology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - José Biller
- Department of Neurology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Debra Hoppensteadt
- Department of Pathology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Jawed Fareed
- Department of Pathology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA
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41
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[MIF in kidney diseases : A story of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde (German version)]. DER PATHOLOGE 2018; 39:177-184. [PMID: 30406830 DOI: 10.1007/s00292-018-0535-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Macrophage migration-inhibitory factor (MIF) is a cytokine best known for its proinflammatory and disease-aggravating role in a number of conditions, including atherosclerosis, autoimmune diseases, sepsis, and glomerulonephritides. OBJECTIVES In our studies we aimed to define the role of MIF on local renal resident cells, in particular the renal epithelium. RESULTS We have shown that MIF exerts local effects on glomerular cells, in particular the parietal epithelial cells and mesangial cells, promoting their pathological proliferation and aggravating disease course of a murine model of immune-mediated glomerulonephritis. In contrast, in a large set of animal and in vitro experiments, we have shown that in the setting of chronic kidney disease, MIF had an unexpected and potent antifibrotic and anti-inflammatory effect. This was mediated by enhanced regeneration and reduced cell-cycle arrest of tubular epithelial cells. Finally, in a combined approach using clinical studies, animal models, and in vitro experiments, we have shown that MIF is also renoprotective in the setting of acute kidney injury. In this setting, MIF-modulated programmed cell death of tubular cells and thereby reduced necroinflammation and kidney injury. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, MIF has a dual role in kidney diseases, promoting (auto)immune glomerular diseases and limiting tubular cell injury in the setting of acute and chronic kidney diseases. These data suggest potential safety issues of systemic MIF targeted therapies, but also open new therapeutic options by targeting MIF or its analogues to tubular cells.
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42
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Lu W, Li X. PDGFs and their receptors in vascular stem/progenitor cells: Functions and therapeutic potential in retinal vasculopathy. Mol Aspects Med 2018; 62:22-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2017.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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43
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Osteomeles schwerinae Extract Prevents Diabetes-Induced Renal Injury in Spontaneously Diabetic Torii Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2018:6824215. [PMID: 29849722 PMCID: PMC5941800 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6824215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Mesangial cell proliferation contributes to the development of glomerulosclerosis in diabetic nephropathy. This study was aimed at determining whether Osteomeles schwerinae (OSSC) extract can ameliorate renal damage in Spontaneously Diabetic Torii (SDT) rats. OSSC extract (100 and 250 mg/kg/day) was administered to the SDT rats through oral gavage for 17 weeks. At the end of the experiment, glucose, HbA1c, and albuminuria were measured. In addition, the levels of mesangial proliferation-related proteins were determined by western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Our results show that albuminuria, accumulation of the extracellular matrix (ECM), and renal expansion were markedly restored by OSSC extract administration. The OSSC treatment also inhibited α-smooth muscle actin and transforming growth factor-β1 protein expression. In addition, OSSC and its bioactive compounds hyperoside and quercitrin inhibited the platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB)/platelet-derived growth factor-B receptor (PDGFR-β) ligand binding in an in vitro assay. Taken together, these results indicate that OSSC inhibits ECM accumulation and mesangial proliferation of the glomeruli in SDT rats through inhibition of the interaction between PDGF-BB and PDGFR-β. OSSC has ameliorating effects on the initiation and progression of diabetes complications and can be used for the treatment of early diabetic renal dysfunction.
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44
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Flores-Mendoza G, Sansón SP, Rodríguez-Castro S, Crispín JC, Rosetti F. Mechanisms of Tissue Injury in Lupus Nephritis. Trends Mol Med 2018. [PMID: 29526595 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Disease heterogeneity remains a major challenge for the understanding of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Recent work has revealed the important role of nonimmune factors in the development of end-organ damage involvement, shifting the current paradigm that views SLE as a disease inflicted by a disturbed immune system on passive target organs. Here, we discuss the pathogenesis of lupus nephritis in a comprehensive manner, by incorporating the role that target organs play by withstanding and modulating the local inflammatory response. Moreover, we consider the effects that genetic variants exert on immune and nonimmune cells in order to shape the phenotype of the disease in each affected individual.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Flores-Mendoza
- Departamento de Inmunología y Reumatología, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Stephanie P Sansón
- Departamento de Inmunología y Reumatología, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; Plan de Estudios Combinados en Medicina (PECEM), Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Santiago Rodríguez-Castro
- Departamento de Inmunología y Reumatología, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; Plan de Estudios Combinados en Medicina (PECEM), Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José C Crispín
- Departamento de Inmunología y Reumatología, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City 14080, Mexico.
| | - Florencia Rosetti
- Departamento de Inmunología y Reumatología, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City 14080, Mexico.
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45
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van Willigenburg H, de Keizer PLJ, de Bruin RWF. Cellular senescence as a therapeutic target to improve renal transplantation outcome. Pharmacol Res 2018; 130:322-330. [PMID: 29471104 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Revised: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Kidney transplants from aged donors are more vulnerable to ischemic injury, suffer more from delayed graft function and have a lower graft survival compared to kidneys from younger donors. On a cellular level, aging results in an increase in cells that are in a permanent cell cycle arrest, termed senescence, which secrete a range of pro-inflammatory cytokines and growth factors. Consequently, these senescent cells negatively influence the local milieu by causing inflammaging, and by reducing the regenerative capacity of the kidney. Moreover, the oxidative damage that is inflicted by ischemia-reperfusion injury during transplantation can induce senescence and accelerate aging. In this review, we describe recent developments in the understanding of the biology of aging that have led to the development of a new class of therapeutic agents aimed at eliminating senescent cells. These compounds have already shown to be able to restore tissue homeostasis in old mice, improve kidney function and general health- and lifespan. Use of these anti-senescence compounds holds great promise to improve the quality of marginal donor kidneys as well as to remove senescent cells induced by ischemia-reperfusion injury. Altogether, senescent cell removal may increase the donor pool, relieving the growing organ shortage and improve long-term transplantation outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hester van Willigenburg
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Peter L J de Keizer
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Molecular Cancer Research, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
| | - Ron W F de Bruin
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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46
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Kenig-Kozlovsky Y, Scott RP, Onay T, Carota IA, Thomson BR, Gil HJ, Ramirez V, Yamaguchi S, Tanna CE, Heinen S, Wu C, Stan RV, Klein JD, Sands JM, Oliver G, Quaggin SE. Ascending Vasa Recta Are Angiopoietin/Tie2-Dependent Lymphatic-Like Vessels. J Am Soc Nephrol 2017; 29:1097-1107. [PMID: 29237738 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2017090962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Urinary concentrating ability is central to mammalian water balance and depends on a medullary osmotic gradient generated by a countercurrent multiplication mechanism. Medullary hyperosmolarity is protected from washout by countercurrent exchange and efficient removal of interstitial fluid resorbed from the loop of Henle and collecting ducts. In most tissues, lymphatic vessels drain excess interstitial fluid back to the venous circulation. However, the renal medulla is devoid of classic lymphatics. Studies have suggested that the fenestrated ascending vasa recta (AVRs) drain the interstitial fluid in this location, but this function has not been conclusively shown. We report that late gestational deletion of the angiopoietin receptor endothelial tyrosine kinase 2 (Tie2) or both angiopoietin-1 and angiopoietin-2 prevents AVR formation in mice. The absence of AVR associated with rapid accumulation of fluid and cysts in the medullary interstitium, loss of medullary vascular bundles, and decreased urine concentrating ability. In transgenic reporter mice with normal angiopoietin-Tie2 signaling, medullary AVR exhibited an unusual hybrid endothelial phenotype, expressing lymphatic markers (prospero homeobox protein 1 and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3) as well as blood endothelial markers (CD34, endomucin, platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1, and plasmalemmal vesicle-associated protein). Taken together, our data redefine the AVRs as Tie2 signaling-dependent specialized hybrid vessels and provide genetic evidence of the critical role of AVR in the countercurrent exchange mechanism and the structural integrity of the renal medulla.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yael Kenig-Kozlovsky
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and.,Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Rizaldy P Scott
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and.,Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Tuncer Onay
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and.,Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Isabel Anna Carota
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and.,Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Benjamin R Thomson
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and.,Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Hyea Jin Gil
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and.,Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Veronica Ramirez
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and.,Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Shinji Yamaguchi
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and.,Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Christine E Tanna
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and.,Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Stefan Heinen
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christine Wu
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and.,Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Radu V Stan
- Departments of Biochemistry and Cell Biology and.,Pathology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire; and
| | - Janet D Klein
- Division of Renal Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Jeff M Sands
- Division of Renal Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Guillermo Oliver
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and.,Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Susan E Quaggin
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and .,Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
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Lv W, Booz GW, Wang Y, Fan F, Roman RJ. Inflammation and renal fibrosis: Recent developments on key signaling molecules as potential therapeutic targets. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 820:65-76. [PMID: 29229532 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major public health issue. At the histological level, renal fibrosis is the final common pathway of progressive kidney disease irrespective of the initial injury. Considerable evidence now indicates that renal inflammation plays a central role in the initiation and progression of CKD. Some of the inflammatory signaling molecules involved in CKD include: monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), bradykinin B1 receptor (B1R), nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF). Multiple antifibrotic factors, such as interleukin-10 (IL-10), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP-7), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) are also downregulated in CKD. Therefore, restoration of the proper balance between pro- and antifibrotic signaling pathways could serve as a guiding principle for the design of new antifibrotic strategies that simultaneously target many pathways. The purpose of this review is to summarize the existing body of knowledge regarding activation of cytokine pathways and infiltration of inflammatory cells as a starting point for developing novel antifibrotic therapies to prevent progression of CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenshan Lv
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 26003, China
| | - George W Booz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Yangang Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 26003, China
| | - Fan Fan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Richard J Roman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA.
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Examination of In vitro and In vivo biocompatibility of alginate-hyaluronic acid microbeads As a promising method in cell delivery for kidney regeneration. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 105:143-153. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Revised: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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49
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Abstract
Fibrosis is part of a tissue repair response to injury, defined as increased deposition of extracellular matrix. In some instances, fibrosis is beneficial; however, in the majority of diseases fibrosis is detrimental. Virtually all chronic progressive diseases are associated with fibrosis, representing a huge number of patients worldwide. Fibrosis occurs in all organs and tissues, becomes irreversible with time and further drives loss of tissue function. Various cells types initiate and perpetuate pathological fibrosis by paracrine activation of the principal cellular executors of fibrosis, i.e. stromal mesenchymal cells like fibroblasts, pericytes and myofibroblasts. Multiple pathways are involved in fibrosis, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-signaling being one of the central mediators. Stromal mesenchymal cells express both PDGF receptors (PDGFR) α and β, activation of which drives proliferation, migration and production of extracellular matrix, i.e. the principal processes of fibrosis. Here, we review the role of PDGF signaling in organ fibrosis, with particular focus on the more recently described ligands PDGF-C and -D. We discuss the potential challenges, opportunities and open questions in using PDGF as a potential target for anti-fibrotic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jürgen Floege
- Division of Nephrology, RWTH University of Aachen, Germany
| | - Peter Boor
- Institute of Pathology, RWTH University of Aachen, Germany; Division of Nephrology, RWTH University of Aachen, Germany.
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50
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Ma TKW, McAdoo SP, Tam FWK. Targeting the tyrosine kinase signalling pathways for treatment of immune-mediated glomerulonephritis: from bench to bedside and beyond. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2017; 32:i129-i138. [PMID: 28391340 PMCID: PMC5410974 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfw336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Glomerulonephritis (GN) affects patients of all ages and is an important cause of morbidity and mortality. Non-selective immunosuppressive drugs have been used in immune-mediated GN but often result in systemic side effects and occasionally fatal infective complications. There is increasing evidence from both preclinical and clinical studies that abnormal activation of receptor and non-receptor tyrosine kinase signalling pathways are implicated in the pathogenesis of immune-mediated GN. Activation of spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK), Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK), platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and discoidin domain receptor 1 (DDR1) have been demonstrated in anti-GBM disease. SYK is implicated in the pathogenesis of ANCA-associated GN. SYK, BTK, PDGFR, EFGR, DDR1 and Janus kinase are implicated in the pathogenesis of lupus nephritis. A representative animal model of IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is lacking. Based on the results from in vitro and human renal biopsy study results, a phase II clinical trial is ongoing to evaluate the efficacy and safety of fostamatinib (an oral SYK inhibitor) in high-risk IgAN patient. Various tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have been approved for cancer treatment. Clinical trials of TKIs in GN may be justified given their long-term safety data. In this review we will discuss the current unmet medical needs in GN treatment and research as well as the current stage of development of TKIs in GN treatment and propose an accelerated translational research approach to investigate whether selective inhibition of tyrosine kinase provides a safer and more efficacious option for GN treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry King-Wing Ma
- Renal and Vascular Inflammation Section, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London, UK.,Carol and Richard Yu Peritoneal Dialysis Research Centre, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong
| | - Stephen P McAdoo
- Renal and Vascular Inflammation Section, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London, UK
| | - Frederick Wai Keung Tam
- Renal and Vascular Inflammation Section, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London, UK
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