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Liu E, Gerritsen S, Lovell A, Gontijo de Castro T, Wall C. Food Neophobia Scores at 8 Years and Associations with Nutrition-related Behaviors at Home in Early Life: Findings from a New Zealand Contemporary Birth Cohort. Appetite 2024:107619. [PMID: 39097097 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
Abstract
Food neophobia (FN) reduces nutritional adequacy and variety which poses a significant concern for children's health and well-being We described the FN scores among 8-year-olds and examined its associations with nutrition-related behaviors at 45 months within the Growing Up in New Zealand cohort (n=4,621). FN was estimated using the Food Neophobia Scale (FNS). Mean FNS scores between variable categories were compared using t-tests for independent samples and ANOVA. Associations between FNS scores at 8 years and nutrition-related behaviors at 45-months were examined using multivariate linear regression. The mean (standard deviation) FN score was 46.2 (15.2) with statistically significant differences by sex (boys=47.6 (15.7), girls=43.8 (14.2), p=<0.001). For all children, in models adjusted by breastfeeding duration and sociodemographic characteristics: children who sometimes and never/almost never the same foods as their parents, scored, on average, 5.8 and 11 points higher in the FNS (versus those who did always/almost always); children who occasionally/never found mealtimes enjoyable scored on average 3.6 points lower in the FNS (versus mostly/quite often); children who always/almost always had the television on during mealtimes scored on average 2.7 higher in the FNS (versus never/almost never). In comparison to children who mostly/quite often had time to talk to others during mealtimes, those who never/occasionally did it scored on average higher points in the FNS overall (1.46 points higher) and within girls (1.73 points higher). These findings support the eating behavior statements in the National Children's Food and Nutrition Guidelines, which emphasize early exposure to food variety, limiting mealtime distractions, and acknowledge that parental role modeling shapes children's nutrition-related behaviors. Early adoption of preventative interventions for reducing FN in early and middle childhood are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Sarah Gerritsen
- Social and Community Health, School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Amy Lovell
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Teresa Gontijo de Castro
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
| | - Clare Wall
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Breton E, Khundrakpam B, Jeon S, Evans A, Booij L. Cortical thickness and childhood eating behaviors: differences according to sex and age, and relevance for eating disorders. Eat Weight Disord 2024; 29:47. [PMID: 39028377 PMCID: PMC11271398 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-024-01675-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study investigated the association between childhood eating behaviors and cortical morphology, in relation to sex and age, in a community sample. METHODS Neuroimaging data of 71 children (mean age = 9.9 ± 1.4 years; 39 boys/32 girls) were obtained from the Nathan Kline Institute-Rockland Sample. Emotional overeating, food fussiness, and emotional undereating were assessed using the Children's Eating Behavior Questionnaire. Cortical thickness was obtained at 81,924 vertices covering the entire cortex. Generalized Linear Mixed Models were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS There was a significant effect of sex in the association between cortical thickness and emotional overeating (localized at the right postcentral and bilateral superior parietal gyri). Boys with more emotional overeating presented cortical thickening, whereas the opposite was observed in girls (p < 0.05). Different patterns of association were identified between food fussiness and cortical thickness (p < 0.05). The left rostral middle frontal gyrus displayed a positive correlation with food fussiness from 6 to 8 years, but a negative correlation from 12 to 14 years. Emotional undereating was associated with cortical thickening at the left precuneus, left middle temporal gyrus, and left insula (p < 0.05) with no effect of sex or age. CONCLUSIONS Leveraging on a community sample, findings support distinct patterns of associations between eating behaviors and cortical thickness, depending on sex and age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edith Breton
- Department of Fundamental Sciences, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, Saguenay, Canada
- Sainte-Justine Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Budhachandra Khundrakpam
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Seun Jeon
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Alan Evans
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Linda Booij
- Sainte-Justine Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada.
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
- Eating Disorders Continuum, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, 6605 Boul. LaSalle, Verdun, H4H1R3, Canada.
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Jani R, Irwin C, Rigby R, Byrne R, Love P, Khan F, Larach C, Yang WY, Mandalika S, Knight-Agarwal CR, Naumovski N, Mallan K. Association Between Picky Eating, Weight Status, Vegetable, and Fruit Intake in Children and Adolescents: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Child Obes 2024. [PMID: 38990706 DOI: 10.1089/chi.2023.0196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Aim: Picky eating is a common appetitive trait reported among children and adolescents and may have detrimental effects on their weight, vegetable, and fruit intake, impacting health status. However, an updated systematic review of the literature and summary of effect estimates is required. This study aims to explore the association between picky eating with weight, vegetable and fruit intake, vegetable-only intake, and fruit-only intake. Methods: A systematic literature search of six electronic scientific databases and data extraction was performed between November 2022 and June 2023. Original articles that examined picky eating in association with weight, vegetable and/or fruit intake were included. PRISMA guidelines were followed and meta-analytical and meta-regression analyses were conducted to compute summary effect estimates and explore potential moderators. PROSPERO registration: CRD42022333043. Results: The systematic review included 59 studies of which 45 studies were included in the meta-analysis. Overall, the summarized effect estimates indicated that picky eating was inversely associated with weight [Cohen's dz: -0.27, 95% confidence interval (CI): -0.41 to -0.14, p < 0.0001]; vegetable and fruit intakes (Cohen's dz: -0.35, 95% CI: -0.45, -0.25, p < 0.0001); vegetable-only intake (Cohen's dz: -0.41, 95% CI: -0.56, -0.26, p < 0.0001), and fruit-only intake (Cohen's dz: -0.32, 95% CI: -0.45, -0.20, p < 0.0001). Picky eating was positively associated with underweight (Cohen's dz: 0.46, 95% CI: 0.20, 0.71 p = 0.0008). Conclusion: Although effect sizes were small, picky eating was inversely associated with weight, vegetable, and fruit intakes, and positively associated with underweight in children and adolescents aged birth to 17 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rati Jani
- School of Health Sciences and Social Work, Griffith Health, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Chris Irwin
- School of Health Sciences and Social Work, Griffith Health, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Roshan Rigby
- School of Health Sciences and Social Work, Griffith Health, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Rebecca Byrne
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Penelope Love
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Farheen Khan
- College of Home Science, Nirmala Niketan, Mumbai, India
| | - Catalina Larach
- School of Health Sciences and Social Work, Griffith Health, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Wai Yew Yang
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Catherine R Knight-Agarwal
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, University of Canberra, Canberra, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nenad Naumovski
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, University of Canberra, Canberra, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kimberley Mallan
- School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Reel SM, Siegel RM, Pillay Smiley N. Pediatric Oncology and Obesity: An Introduction for General Pediatricians. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 2024; 63:589-593. [PMID: 37542412 DOI: 10.1177/00099228231191957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
For pediatric patients with cancer, a healthy lifestyle is important for treatment outcomes and beyond. General pediatricians play a major role in the care of these patients, particularly given the improved rates of survival. Pediatric obesity has many negative consequences, but it is an area where primary care providers can make an impact and provide support to childhood cancer survivors. To provide the best quality of care for this population, there must be collaboration between primary care and oncology providers. Additionally, general practioners should feel empowered to offer standard nutrition and physical activity recommendations to all childhood cancer survivors. For pediatric patients who carry a cancer diagnosis, cure is no longer the only goal. Pediatric providers across specialties need to work as a team to improve long-term quality of life for these patients, starting with modifiable healthy habits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robert M Siegel
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Center for Better Health and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Natasha Pillay Smiley
- Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, The Cure Starts Now Foundation Brain Tumor Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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Smolko NA, Valiev RI, Kabdesh IM, Fayzullina RA, Mukhamedshina YO. Eating disorder in children: Impact on quality of life, with a spotlight on autism spectrum disorder. Nutr Res 2024; 123:38-52. [PMID: 38241984 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2023.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Eating behavior, which includes eating habits and preferences, frequency of eating, and other features related to diet, is a major characteristic not only of a person's nutritional status, but also of health in general. In recent years, the prevalence of eating disorders in children has tended to increase; they also require cross-system approaches in diagnosis by a variety of specialists and correction requires appropriate selection of optimal methods. Maladaptive eating attitudes formed at an early age can contribute to the formation of eating disorders, which can lead to or worsen various neuropsychiatric diseases, digestive diseases, and other related conditions. In children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), eating disorders often appear earlier than other major symptoms of the condition. However, the clinical manifestations of eating disorders in children with ASD are varied and differ in severity and duration, whereas these disorders in neurotypical children might present as short-lived and may not lead to serious consequences. Nevertheless, cases of progressive eating disorders accompanied by a child presenting as under- or overweight and/or with macronutrient and micronutrient deficiencies cannot be excluded. Given the high prevalence of eating disorders in children, many researchers have highlighted the lack of a valid and universally accepted instruments to assess atypical eating behaviors in this population. Therefore, in this review, we wanted to highlight the problems and causes of eating disorders in children, and also to analyze the existing approaches to the validation of these problems, taking into account the existing behavioral features in children with ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia A Smolko
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia; Department of Propaedeutics of Pediatric Diseases and Faculty Pediatrics, Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Rushan I Valiev
- Department of General Hygiene, Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Ilyas M Kabdesh
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia.
| | - Rezeda A Fayzullina
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia; Department of Propaedeutics of Pediatric Diseases and Faculty Pediatrics, Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Yana O Mukhamedshina
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia; Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, Russia
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Waldman MR, Raikes A, Hepworth K, Black MM, Cavallera V, Dua T, Janus M, Martin-Herz SP, McCoy DC, Weber AM. Psychometrics of psychosocial behavior items under age 6 years: Evidence from Nebraska, USA. Infant Ment Health J 2024; 45:56-78. [PMID: 38053329 DOI: 10.1002/imhj.22090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Because healthy psychosocial development in the first years of life is critical to lifelong well-being, governmental, and nongovernmental organizations are increasingly interested in monitoring psychosocial behaviors among populations of children. In response, the World Health Organization is developing the Global Scales of Early Development Psychosocial Form (GSED PF) to facilitate population-level psychosocial monitoring. Once validated, the GSED PF will be an open-access, caregiver-reported measure of children's psychosocial behaviors that is appropriate for infants and young children. This study examines the psychometric validity evidence from 45 items under consideration for inclusion in the GSED PF. Using data from N = 836 Nebraskan (USA) children aged 180 days to 71 months, results indicate that scores from 44 of the 45 (98%) items exhibit positive evidence of validity and reliability. A bifactor model with one general factor and five specific factors best fit the data, exhibited strong reliability, and acceptable model fit. Criterion associations with known predictors of children's psychosocial behaviors were in the expected direction. These findings suggest that measurement of children's psychosocial behaviors may be feasible, at least in the United States. Data from more culturally and linguistically diverse settings is needed to assess these items for global monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus R Waldman
- Department of Health Promotion, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, USA
| | - Abbie Raikes
- Department of Health Promotion, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, USA
| | - Katelyn Hepworth
- College of Education and Human Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, USA
| | - Maureen M Black
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
- RTI International, Research Triangle Park, USA
| | - Vanessa Cavallera
- Department of Mental Health and Substance Use, World Health Organization†, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Tarun Dua
- Department of Mental Health and Substance Use, World Health Organization†, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Magdalena Janus
- Offord Centre for Child Studies, Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Susanne P Martin-Herz
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Developmental Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
| | - Dana C McCoy
- Harvard Graduate School of Education, Cambridge, USA
| | - Ann M Weber
- School of Public Health, University of Nevada, Reno, USA
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Białek-Dratwa A, Kowalski O. Complementary Feeding Methods, Feeding Problems, Food Neophobia, and Picky Eating among Polish Children. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 11:45. [PMID: 38255359 PMCID: PMC10814245 DOI: 10.3390/children11010045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Proper nutrition during the first period of life is primarily related to meeting energy needs and providing essential nutrients that ensure the infant's normal physical and psychomotor development. Improper nutrition during this period, inadequate amounts of nutrients, inappropriate timing and manner of introduction of individual foods, can permanently alter metabolism and the course of physiological processes, increasing the risk of diseases such as obesity, allergic diseases, and cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to verify how the method of complementary feeding influences the occurrence of food neophobia between 2 and 7 years of age, as well as to assess the different nutritional aspects resulting from the process of starting feeding other than breast milk and milk formula. In this study, 490 mothers and their children aged 2-7 years participated. The research tool was a questionnaire consisting of a child's dietary assessment and standardized questionnaires assessing food neophobia among children: Food Neophobia Scale for Children (FNSC) and the Montreal Children's Hospital-Pediatric Feeding (MCH-FS). In the study group of children, 238 (48.57%) had no Baby-Led Weaning Method (no BLW) method used during complementary feeding (CF), and 252 (51.42%) children used Baby-Led Weaning Method (BLW). According to the FNSC questionnaire, a high risk of food neophobia was found in 32.65% of the children studied and a medium risk in 39.80%. The medium risk of feeding problem occured in 11.63% of children, the high risk in 6.73% of children, and the highest risk in 6.94% (MCH-FS). No statistically significant differences were observed between the BLW and NoBLW groups. High risk of food neophobia occured in 1/3 of the children studied, but there was no relationship in the study group between the mode of CF (BLW/NoBLW) and the risk of food neophobia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Białek-Dratwa
- Department of Human Nutrition, Department of Dietetics, Faculty of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, ul. Jordana 19, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Oskar Kowalski
- Department of Human Nutrition, Department of Dietetics, Faculty of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, ul. Jordana 19, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland
- Department of Cardiology, Congenital Heart Diseases and Electrotherapy, Silesian Center for Heart Diseases, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
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Di Nucci A, Pilloni S, Scognamiglio U, Rossi L. Adherence to Mediterranean Diet and Food Neophobia Occurrence in Children: A Study Carried out in Italy. Nutrients 2023; 15:5078. [PMID: 38140336 PMCID: PMC10746015 DOI: 10.3390/nu15245078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Food Neophobia (FN), defined as the reluctance to eat new or unfamiliar foods, mainly concerns fruit, vegetables, and legumes, typical of the Mediterranean Diet (MD). Considering these premises, this study aimed to clarify the relationship between FN and AMD in a sample of Italian children and their association with some socio-demographic factors and children's nutritional status. A sample of 288 children aged 3-11 years participated in an assessment carried out with a questionnaire evaluating FN and AMD, respectively, with the Child Food Neophobia Scale (CFNS) and the KIDMED test. Most of the sample showed an intermediate (67.3%) or high level of FN (18.1%), with high rates among 6-11-year-old children (63.9%) and especially in those who were the only child (50%). The AMD was mostly low (29.5%) or medium (54.8%) and reached lower levels among higher neophobic children (51.9%; p value < 0.05). The present results confirm the study hypothesis that FN is a driver of MD abandonment and shows the positive effects on children's eating habits and siblings. Finally, this study proves the relevance of adopting effective feeding strategies against FN to avoid its maintenance in adulthood and the detrimental effects on future overall health and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Di Nucci
- Department of Cardiovascular, Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases and Aging, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Simone Pilloni
- CREA Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, 00178 Rome, Italy; (S.P.); (U.S.)
| | - Umberto Scognamiglio
- CREA Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, 00178 Rome, Italy; (S.P.); (U.S.)
| | - Laura Rossi
- CREA Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, 00178 Rome, Italy; (S.P.); (U.S.)
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Silvers E, Erlich K. Picky eating or something more? Differentiating ARFID from typical childhood development. Nurse Pract 2023; 48:16-20. [PMID: 37991514 DOI: 10.1097/01.npr.0000000000000119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Picky eating is a commonly observed behavior among children that comprises a part of typical development and usually resolves with time. A regular concern for parents, children's picky eating is routinely addressed successfully by pediatric clinicians via anticipatory guidance and basic nutrition education. In some cases, however, a child who is a picky eater may develop a feeding and eating disorder. Avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) is one such disorder that is often marked by an apparent lack of interest in or avoidance of food based on its sensory characteristics or on the individual's fear of possible negative consequences of consumption. ARFID is associated with significant weight loss or failure to achieve expected weight gain; nutritional deficiency; need for supplemental feeding; and/or negative psychosocial effects. The disorder can impact children's overall trajectory of growth and development. Pediatric clinicians must be aware of appropriate monitoring for the milestones of typical development in order to identify any feeding and eating disorder as soon as possible, thereby enabling early intervention and avoiding poor health outcomes. Clinicians must also familiarize themselves with the diagnostic criteria for ARFID, a rare disorder with which many may be unfamiliar.
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Arslan N, Kurtuncu M, Turhan PM. The effect of baby-led weaning and traditional complementary feeding trainings on baby development. J Pediatr Nurs 2023; 73:196-203. [PMID: 37714048 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2023.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to evaluate the risks of self-feeding, transition to early solid food and family meals, choking risk, anemia risk and obesity risk in 6-12-month-old infants who were introduced to complementary feeding using the traditional complementary feeding (TCF) and baby-led weaning (BLW) methods/training. DESIGN AND METHODS Mothers of infants who had not yet transitioned to complementary feeding were included in this randomized study. The mothers of 62 infants included in the study were randomized into the intervention groups as TCF and BLW, classified according to the number of children and education level. The research was carried out according to the CONSORT-2010 guidelines after randomization and was concluded with 52 infants and their mothers. RESULTS It was found in the study that self-feeding and transition to solid foods in infants fed with the BLW method was higher than the infants fed with the TCF method (p < 0.05). A significant increase was observed in the hemoglobin level of infants fed with the BLW method over time (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS It was concluded that the BLW method did not lead to risks of obesity, anemia and iron deficiency in transition to complementary feeding. Secondary results indicated that feeding with the BLW method promoted self-feeding and early transition to solid foods and did not lead to the risk of choking. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Complementary feeding with the BLW method can be safely used by both mothers, healthcare professionals and researchers. TRIAL REGISTRATION register. CLINICALTRIALS gov; Identifier: NCT05771324.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurten Arslan
- Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey.
| | - Meltem Kurtuncu
- Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey
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Chilman LB, Meredith PJ, Southon N, Kennedy-Behr A, Frakking T, Swanepoel L, Verdonck M. A qualitative inquiry of parents of extremely picky eaters: Experiences, strategies and future directions. Appetite 2023; 190:107022. [PMID: 37647989 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2023.107022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Picky eating is a common childhood phenomenon in younger children, impacting family relationships and mealtimes. Limited qualitative studies have explored parents' experiences of parenting an extremely picky eater. This study aimed to address this gap. METHODS This exploratory qualitative research design included participants who were Australian-based parents (n = 10) of children aged 2-6 years with a minimum picky eating score of 3.33, indicating extreme picky eating, on the Food Fussiness subscale of the Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ). Parents were interviewed online via Zoom using semi-structured interviews focused on their experiences of having a child who is a picky eater. Reflexive thematic analysis was used to analyze the data. RESULTS Five themes were identified: 1: The picky eating journey for parents. 2: Picky eating impacts families and mealtimes. 3: Parents have attempted multiple strategies to manage picky eating. 4: Emotions associated with parenting an extremely picky eater. 5: Parents of extremely picky eaters have a positive outlook for the future. CONCLUSION This qualitative study demonstrates that parents' experiences of parenting an extremely picky eater are varied. Parents desire health professionals who listen to their concerns and provide evidence-based knowledge around parent feeding practices to positively impact picky eating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laine B Chilman
- School of Health, University of the Sunshine Coast, 4558, Australia.
| | - Pamela J Meredith
- School of Health, University of the Sunshine Coast, 4558, Australia; School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Nicole Southon
- School of Health, University of the Sunshine Coast, 4558, Australia
| | - Ann Kennedy-Behr
- School of Health, University of the Sunshine Coast, 4558, Australia; School of Allied Health & Human Performance, University of South Australia, 5072, Australia
| | - Thuy Frakking
- School of Health, University of the Sunshine Coast, 4558, Australia; Research Development Unit, Caboolture Hospital, Metro North Hospital and Health Service, Queensland Health, 4029, Australia; Centre for Clinical Research, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Queensland, 4072, Australia; Speech Pathology Department, Gold Coast University Hospital, Gold Coast Hospital and Health Service, Queensland Health, 4215, Australia
| | - Libby Swanepoel
- School of Health, University of the Sunshine Coast, 4558, Australia; Australian Centre for Pacific Islands Research, School of Health, University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, 4558, Australia
| | - Michèle Verdonck
- School of Health, University of the Sunshine Coast, 4558, Australia
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Hendriks-Hartensveld AEM, Nederkoorn C, van den Brand AJP, Havermans RC. Child-reported vegetable neophobia is associated with risk avoidance for distaste in children aged 4-15 years. Appetite 2023; 189:106993. [PMID: 37573971 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2023.106993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Children who are food neophobic and/or picky eaters often refuse intake of especially fruits and vegetables, thereby narrowing their dietary variety and impairing the quality of their food intake. In this preregistered study, we investigated whether picky eating and food neophobia are related to bitter taste sensitivity (PROP taster status) and risk avoidance for distaste. A total of 367 children (201 girls; M age = 8.7 years, range: 4-15 years) participated in the study. They completed the vegetable neophobia subscale of the fruit and vegetable neophobia instrument (FVNI). A caregiver completed the child food rejection scale (CFRS), a parent-report measure of food neophobia and picky eating. Children's bitter taste sensitivity was measured with a PROP (6-n-propylthiouracil) taste strip, and the children completed a modified Children's Gambling Task (Candy Gambling Game) to measure risk avoidance for distaste. In this task, children could select cards from a risky deck (chance of winning two tasty cherry-flavoured jelly beans, but also the risk of getting a distasteful soap-flavoured jelly bean) or a safe deck (chance of winning one tasty jelly bean or no jelly bean). The results show that picky eating and food neophobia (either parent- or self-reported) are not related to PROP taster status. However, children who self-reported higher levels of vegetable neophobia showed less risky choice behaviour in the Candy Gambling Game, although this relationship was not found with parent-reported food neophobia. We conclude that risk avoidance for distaste, but not taste function, is associated with children's self-reported food rejection tendencies. To broaden the food repertoire of children high in food neophobia, it might be useful to reduce the perceived risk of distaste, when introducing a novel food or meal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anouk E M Hendriks-Hartensveld
- Department of Clinical Psychological Science, Faculty of Psychology & Neuroscience, Maastricht University, the Netherlands; Laboratory of Behavioural Gastronomy, Centre for Healthy Eating and Food Innovation, Maastricht University Campus Venlo, the Netherlands.
| | - Chantal Nederkoorn
- Department of Clinical Psychological Science, Faculty of Psychology & Neuroscience, Maastricht University, the Netherlands
| | - Anouk J P van den Brand
- Department of Clinical Psychological Science, Faculty of Psychology & Neuroscience, Maastricht University, the Netherlands
| | - Remco C Havermans
- Laboratory of Behavioural Gastronomy, Centre for Healthy Eating and Food Innovation, Maastricht University Campus Venlo, the Netherlands; Chair Youth, Food, and Health, Maastricht University Campus Venlo, the Netherlands
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13
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Ferreira P, Warkentin S, Oliveira A. Appetitive traits and food groups consumption in school-aged children: prospective associations from the Generation XXI birth cohort. Eat Weight Disord 2023; 28:67. [PMID: 37542554 PMCID: PMC10404169 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-023-01586-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 08/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Appetite can influence children's dietary choices; however, this relationship in school-aged children is still unclear. We aimed to explore the prospective associations between child appetitive traits at age 7 and food consumption at 10 years of age. METHODS The study included 3860 children from the Generation XXI birth cohort, recruited in 2005/2006 in Porto, Portugal. The Children's Eating Behaviour Questionnaire was used to evaluate children's appetitive traits at 7 years. Food consumption was measured at 10 years through a validated Food Frequency Questionnaire. Logistic regression models were performed and adjusted for possible confounders. RESULTS Children with greater Enjoyment of Food at 7 years were 36% more likely to eat fruits ≥ 2 times/day and 54% more likely to eat vegetables > 2.5 times/day at 10 years compared to those with less frequent consumption. Children who ate more in response to negative emotions had higher odds of consuming energy-dense foods (OR = 1.33; 99% CI 1.13-1.58) and salty snacks (OR = 1.28; 99% CI 1.08-1.51) 3 years later. Those with less ability to adjust intake (higher Satiety Responsiveness) and more selective about foods (higher Food Fussiness) at 7 years were less likely to consume vegetables frequently, and were more likely to consume energy-dense foods and sugar-sweetened beverages. CONCLUSIONS Children's appetitive traits at 7 years were associated with the consumption of several food groups at 10 years of age. Eating more in response to negative emotions (Emotional Eating), with less ability to adjust intake (Satiety Responsiveness) and more food selectivity (Food Fussiness) were associated with worse dietary choices (in general, lower fruit and vegetables, and higher energy-dense foods and sugar-sweetened beverages consumption). LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level III: Evidence obtained from well-designed cohort or case-control analytic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Ferreira
- EPIUnit, Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto [Institute of Public Health, University of Porto], University of Porto, Rua das Taipas nº135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health [ITR], University of Porto, Rua das Taipas nº135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sarah Warkentin
- EPIUnit, Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto [Institute of Public Health, University of Porto], University of Porto, Rua das Taipas nº135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health [ITR], University of Porto, Rua das Taipas nº135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal
| | - Andreia Oliveira
- EPIUnit, Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto [Institute of Public Health, University of Porto], University of Porto, Rua das Taipas nº135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal.
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health [ITR], University of Porto, Rua das Taipas nº135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal.
- Department of Public Health and Forensic Sciences and Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal.
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14
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Anwar F, Yalawar M, Suryawanshi P, Ghosh A, Jog P, Khadilkar AV, Kishore B, Paruchuri AK, Pote PD, Mandyam RD, Shinde S, Shah A. Effect of Oral Nutritional Supplementation on Adequacy of Nutrient Intake among Picky-Eating Children at Nutritional Risk in India: A Randomized Double Blind Clinical Trial. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15112528. [PMID: 37299491 DOI: 10.3390/nu15112528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutrient inadequacies among picky-eaters have adverse effects on growth and development. Oral nutritional supplements (ONS) along with dietary counseling (DC), rather than DC alone as reported in our earlier publication, promoted growth among picky-eating Indian children aged from >24 m to ≤48 m with weight-for-height percentiles lying between the 5th and 25th (based on WHO Growth Standards) over 90 days. This paper presents the contribution of ONS to nutrient adequacy, dietary diversity, and food consumption patterns in children (N = 321). Weight, height, and dietary intakes, using 24-h food recalls, were measured at baseline (Day 1) and at Days 7, 30, 60, and 90. Nutrient adequacy, dietary diversity score (DDS), and food intake adequacy were calculated in both the supplementation groups (ONS1 + DC and ONS2 + DC; n = 107 in each group) and the control group (DC-only; n = 107). Supplements increased nutrient adequacy in both of the ONS + DC groups relative to control (p < 0.05). The proportions of children with adequate nutrient intakes increased significantly at Day 90 in the supplemented groups as compared to in the control group (p < 0.05), especially for total fat, calcium, vitamin A, vitamin C, and thiamin. Although no significant differences were observed in DDS in any of the groups, the percentage of children consuming ≥4 food groups in a day had increased in all the groups. Consumption of fruit and vegetables and cereals had increased significantly from baseline to Day 90. ONS along with dietary counseling was found to have improved nutritional adequacy without interfering with the normal food consumption patterns of picky-eating children at nutritional risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahmina Anwar
- Abbott Nutrition, Research & Development India, Mumbai 400051, India
| | - Menaka Yalawar
- Biostatistics and Statistical Programming, Life Sciences-Digital Business Operations, Cognizant Technology Solutions India Private Limited, Bengaluru 560045, India
| | - Pranali Suryawanshi
- Biostatistics and Statistical Programming, Life Sciences-Digital Business Operations, Cognizant Technology Solutions India Private Limited, Navi Mumbai 400708, India
| | - Apurba Ghosh
- Institute of Child Health, Kolkata 700017, India
| | | | | | - Bala Kishore
- Saint Theresa's Hospital, Hyderabad 500018, India
| | | | | | | | - Sandeep Shinde
- Pune Sterling Multispecialty Hospital, Pune 411044, India
| | - Atish Shah
- Sangini Hospital, Sangini Complex, Ahmedabad 380006, India
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15
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Describing the longitudinal breakfast quality index trajectories in early childhood: results from Melbourne InFANT program. Eur J Clin Nutr 2023; 77:363-369. [PMID: 36494475 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-022-01249-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breakfast quality in early childhood remains understudied. This study describes the changes in breakfast quality index (BQI) (i.e. trajectory) in early childhood and assesses its associations with obesity outcomes. METHODS Data from children who participated in the Melbourne InFANT Program were used (n = 328). The Melbourne InFANT Program was a 15-month early obesity prevention intervention conducted from 2008 to 2013. Dietary intakes at ages 1.5, 3.5 and 5.0 years were assessed using three parent-proxy reported 24 h recalls. A revised nine-item BQI tool developed based on Australian dietary recommendations for young children was used to calculate BQI scores. Group-based trajectory modelling identified BQI trajectory groups. Multivariable linear and logistic regression examined the associations between identified BQI trajectory groups and obesity outcomes at age 5 years. RESULTS Mean BQI at ages 1.5, 3.5 and 5.0 years was 4.8, 4.8, 2.7 points, respectively. Two BQI trajectory groups were identified, and both showed a decline in BQI. The mean BQI of most children (74%) decreased from 5.0 to 4.0 points from ages 1.5 to 5.0 years (referred as "High BQI" group). The remaining children (26%) had a mean BQI of 4.8 and 1.2 points at age 1.5 and 5.0 years, respectively (referred as "Low BQI" group). The "Low BQI" group appeared to show higher risk of overweight (OR:1.30, 95% CI: 0.60, 2.81, P = 0.66) at age 5 years than the "High BQI" group. No difference in body mass index (BMI) z-score was found between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS Two BQI trajectory groups were identified. Both groups showed a decline in breakfast quality from ages 1.5 to 5.0 years. Our study highlights the need for early health promotion interventions and strategies to improve and maintain breakfast quality across early childhood.
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16
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Russell A, Jansen E, Burnett AJ, Lee J, Russell CG. Children's eating behaviours and related constructs: conceptual and theoretical foundations and their implications. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2023; 20:19. [PMID: 36793039 PMCID: PMC9933409 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-023-01407-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a substantial body of research on children's eating behaviours (e.g., food responsiveness and fussiness) and related constructs (e.g., eating in the absence of hunger, appetite self-regulation). This research provides a foundation for understanding children's dietary intakes and healthy eating behaviours, as well as efforts at intervention, whether in relation to food avoidance, overeating and/or trajectories to excess weight gain. The success of these efforts and their associated outcomes is dependent on the theoretical foundation and conceptual clarity of the behaviours and constructs. This, in turn contributes to the coherence and precision of the definitions and measurement of these behaviours and constructs. Limited clarity in these areas ultimately creates uncertainty around the interpretation of findings from research studies and intervention programs. At present there does not appear to be an overarching theoretical framework of children's eating behaviours and associated constructs, or for separate domains of children's eating behaviours/constructs. The main purpose of the present review was to examine the possible theoretical foundations of some of the main current questionnaire and behavioural measures of children's eating behaviours and related constructs. METHODS We reviewed the literature on the most prominent measures of children's eating behaviours for use with children aged ~ 0-12 years. We focused on the explanations and justifications for the original design of the measures and whether these included theoretical perspectives, as well as current theoretical interpretations (and difficulties) of the behaviours and constructs. RESULTS We found that the most commonly used measures had their foundations in relatively applied or practical concerns rather than theoretical perspectives. CONCLUSIONS We concluded, consistent with Lumeng & Fisher (1), that although existing measures have served the field well, to advance the field as a science, and better contribute to knowledge development, increased attention should be directed to the conceptual and theoretical foundations of children's eating behaviours and related constructs. Suggestions for future directions are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Russell
- grid.1014.40000 0004 0367 2697College of Education, Psychology and Social Work, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia Australia
| | - Elena Jansen
- grid.21107.350000 0001 2171 9311Division of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Alissa J. Burnett
- grid.1021.20000 0001 0526 7079Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Jookyeong Lee
- grid.1021.20000 0001 0526 7079Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia ,grid.1021.20000 0001 0526 7079CASS Food Research Centre, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Catherine G. Russell
- grid.1021.20000 0001 0526 7079Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
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17
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Iron-Segev S, Best D, Stein D. Symptoms of Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID) in the Orthodox and Secular Jewish Communities in Israel. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2023; 62:268-286. [PMID: 35474030 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-022-01565-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Symptoms related to avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) are not well defined in the general population. The aim of this study was to determine whether differences exist in the presentation of ARFID-related eating disturbances between healthy, religious and secular Jewish children in Israel. Sixty-four families participated in this study. Parents completed standardized questionnaires to assess ARFID behaviors of children, parental feeding problems and overall functioning, anxiety and sensory-aversion. No significant between-group differences were found for almost all assessments. However, sensory-related pleasure and sensory-seeking behavior was greater in secular children. Overall, religious and non-religious Israeli children do not differ in parental-reported ARFID-related feeding and eating behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Iron-Segev
- Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, School of Nutritional Sciences, Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel.
- School of Nutritional Sciences, Peres Academic Center, Rehovot, Israel.
| | - Danielle Best
- Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, School of Nutritional Sciences, Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Daniel Stein
- Pediatric Psychosomatic Department, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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18
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Rodrigues JVS, Poli MCF, Petrilli PH, Dornelles RCM, Turcio KH, Theodoro LH. Food selectivity and neophobia in children with autism spectrum disorder and neurotypical development: a systematic review. Nutr Rev 2023:6986143. [PMID: 36633300 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuac112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have common eating problems, including food refusal, dietary restrictions, and behavioral problems during eating. OBJECTIVE The aim of this systematic review was to find more clear evidence on the relationship between food selectivity or food neophobia (FN) and ASD in children up to age 14 years. The PECO-based question was: Are food selectivity and FN behaviors more prevalent in children with ASD than in children with neurotypical development (NTD)?, in which the P is children, E is ASD, C is children with NTD, and O is food selectivity and FN. DATA SOURCES Clinical studies in the databases PubMed, Embase and Web of Science, comparing children with ASD and those with NTD, were reviewed from October 1966 to October 2021. STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION A total of 122 studies were analyzed for summary reading, and only 17 of these were included in the descriptive qualitative analysis. In 9 studies, the analysis of food selectivity was performed via a questionnaire. RESULTS The results showed that children with ASD are more selective than those with NTD. Four studies evaluated FN through scales; however, only 2 found higher levels of FN in the ASD group than in children with NTD. The sensory profile was measured using questionnaires in 9 studies, and we found that altered sensory processing is more common in children with ASD. CONCLUSION Children with ASD present greater food selectivity than children with NTD. However, the occurrence of FN was higher in only 50% in which FN was investigated, which points to a need for studies that compare FN between siblings with ASD and those with NTD in the same family nucleus. In addition, atypical oral sensitivity seems to be a sensory characteristic most related to eating disorders. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO registration no. CRD42021247880.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Victor S Rodrigues
- Department of Diagnostic and Surgery, School of Dentistry of Araçatuba, São Paulo State University, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Clara F Poli
- Department of Diagnostic and Surgery, School of Dentistry of Araçatuba, São Paulo State University, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pedro H Petrilli
- Department of Diagnostic and Surgery, School of Dentistry of Araçatuba, São Paulo State University, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rita Cássia M Dornelles
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University, Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Karina H Turcio
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leticia H Theodoro
- Department of Diagnostic and Surgery, School of Dentistry of Araçatuba, São Paulo State University, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
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19
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Food Fussiness in Children. TOP CLIN NUTR 2023. [DOI: 10.1097/tin.0000000000000301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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20
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Fun with food - A parent-child community cooking intervention reduces parental fear and increases children's perceived competence. Appetite 2023; 180:106347. [PMID: 36257357 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2022.106347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Cooking is being promoted as a preventative strategy for numerous health outcomes. However, there has been a reported decline in opportunities for children to learn in the home environment due to parental barriers such as time and concerns around children conducting certain skills. Therefore, this study aimed to understand the impact of a parent-child community cooking intervention on children's perceived cooking competence and interest in cooking and parental perceptions around including children in cooking. 'Fun with Food' was a four-week parent-child cooking intervention based on Experiential Learning Theory and designed by Home Economists. A mixed-method approach was undertaken to understand the effectiveness of the community-based intervention. Parents completed pre and post focus group discussions that were analyzed using Thematic Analysis. Pre and post surveys were used to investigate children's perceived cooking competence and analyzed with paired-samples t-tests and Cohen's d. Children's perceived cooking competence significantly increased after the intervention (P < 0.001, effect size -0.92). Parental fears around children performing certain skills, such as chopping and cutting, were reduced. Additionally, both children and parents found it an enjoyable experience, and appreciated the time spent together, which may be an indicator for positive wellbeing. Parents reported that children have been more actively involved in cooking since the intervention. Further, parents felt strongly that children should be cooking from as young as possible and that Home Economics should be introduced in primary school and made compulsory for older students in secondary school. The parent-child format for cooking has shown to be effective for increasing children's perceived cooking competence and reducing parental fears, highlighting it as a promising method for future interventions.
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21
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Mudholkar A, Korostenski L, Blackwell D, Lane AE. Factors associated with the early emergence of atypical feeding behaviours in infants and young children: A scoping review. Child Care Health Dev 2023; 49:1-19. [PMID: 35301737 PMCID: PMC10084441 DOI: 10.1111/cch.13005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atypical feeding behaviours such as significantly limited food preferences, hypersensitivity to food textures or temperatures and pocketing food without swallowing are common concerns in child health. Current reports indicate an inter-relationship between early growth, feeding problems and developmental disorders, yet little is known about how these behaviours develop in early childhood. There is also a lack of consensus about clinical definitions for atypical feeding behaviours, diagnostic thresholds and the associated precursors. To date, there has been no synthesis of the extant literature about factors associated with the early onset of atypical feeding behaviours in young children. OBJECTIVE This scoping review aimed to characterize the factors associated with the early emergence of atypical feeding behaviours in typically developing young children. METHODS CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO and Scopus databases were searched. Studies published in the last 5 years were included if they examined factors associated with the development of atypical eating behaviours in infants and young children. Of the 2137 records obtained after the search strategy was applied, 202 full-text articles were retrieved for a more detailed examination and to ensure they met the inclusion criteria. This resulted in 54 studies being included in this scoping review. RESULTS Of the 54 studies, three studies analysed precursors responsible for atypical feeding behaviours, and 51 studies discussed the factors associated with the early emergence of feeding difficulties. Multiple factors, including genetic factors, breastfeeding, late introduction of solids and lumpy foods, complementary feeding techniques, parental mental health, prematurity and child factors including temperament, were identified. There is inconsistent evidence for the associations between breastfeeding exposure and feeding difficulties. CONCLUSIONS This study identified multiple factors potentially associated with the early onset of atypical feeding behaviours in young children; however, there is insufficient evidence at this time to support specific recommendations for early feeding practices in young children. More methodologically rigorous studies are needed to extend these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmita Mudholkar
- Olga Tennison Autism Research Centre, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne.,School of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs
| | - Larissa Korostenski
- Department of Neonatology, John Hunter Children's Hospital, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Dianne Blackwell
- Olga Tennison Autism Research Centre, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne.,School of Health Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Alison E Lane
- Olga Tennison Autism Research Centre, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne
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22
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Chang JJ, Xu N, Song LL, Li YH, Yuan MY, Zhang TT, He Y, Chen SS, Wang GF, Su PY. Association between the dietary literacy of children's daily diet providers and school-age children's nutritional status and eating behaviours: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:2286. [PMID: 36474189 PMCID: PMC9727954 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14621-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overweight and obesity rates have increased rapidly in Chinese school-age children, and previous studies have indicated that poor dietary literacy can lead to unhealthy eating behaviours. However, few studies have investigated the association between the dietary literacy of daily diet providers and the eating behaviours and nutritional status of school-age children raised by the providers. Thus, we aimed to explore this association. METHODS We collected data on the eating behaviours and nutritional status of children in two primary schools in Anhui Province, as well as the dietary literacy of their daily diet providers. T-tests, one-way ANOVA, chi-square tests, and multiple linear regression were used to analyse the association. RESULTS We found significant differences in the scores on the Questionnaire of Children's Daily Diet Providers' Dietary Literacy (QCDDPDL) by region, relationship with the child, age, and educational level of the daily diet provider (all p < .05). Moreover, the children in the low QCDDPDL score group were inclined to engage in unhealthy eating behaviours such as emotional undereating and overeating (p < .05). In addition, the incidence of overweight and obesity was higher in the low QCDDPDL attitude score group than in the high score group (p = .006). CONCLUSIONS Our study showed that the dietary literacy of diet providers may influence children's health and eating behaviours. Improving the dietary literacy of diet providers may promote the health status and eating behaviours of school-age children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Jie Chang
- grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XDepartment of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No.81 Meishan Road, Anhui, 230032 China
| | - Nuo Xu
- Maternal and Child Health Care and Family Planning Service Center Wujiang District of Suzhou City, No.551 Gaoxin Road, Jiangsu, 215200 China
| | - Ling-Ling Song
- grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XDepartment of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No.81 Meishan Road, Anhui, 230032 China
| | - Yong-Han Li
- grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XDepartment of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No.81 Meishan Road, Anhui, 230032 China
| | - Meng-Yuan Yuan
- grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XDepartment of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No.81 Meishan Road, Anhui, 230032 China
| | - Ting-Ting Zhang
- grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XDepartment of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No.81 Meishan Road, Anhui, 230032 China
| | - Yang He
- grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XDepartment of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No.81 Meishan Road, Anhui, 230032 China
| | - Shan-Shan Chen
- grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XDepartment of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No.81 Meishan Road, Anhui, 230032 China
| | - Geng-Fu Wang
- grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XDepartment of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No.81 Meishan Road, Anhui, 230032 China
| | - Pu-Yu Su
- grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XDepartment of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No.81 Meishan Road, Anhui, 230032 China
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23
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Thorsteinsdottir S, Njardvik U, Bjarnason R, Olafsdottir AS. Changes in Eating Behaviors Following Taste Education Intervention: Focusing on Children with and without Neurodevelopmental Disorders and Their Families: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2022; 14:4000. [PMID: 36235654 PMCID: PMC9571701 DOI: 10.3390/nu14194000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fussy-eating children often display problematic behaviors around mealtimes, such as irritation, opposition, or may even throw tantrums. This may lead to reduced food variety and poor nutritional profiles, which may increase parents' worries about their children's diet, particularly when the children also have neurodevelopmental disorders (ND) such as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD). To investigate the effect of Taste Education on problematic mealtime behaviors, 81 children aged 8-12 years, with ND (n = 33) and without (n = 48), and their parents, participated in a 7-week Taste Education intervention. Children were matched on age, sex, and ND, and allocated at random into Immediate-intervention and Delayed-intervention groups. Parents completed the Meals in Our Household Questionnaire (MiOH). To examine changes in MiOH-scores, repeated-measures analysis-of-variance with time-points were used, with condition as factors (Immediate intervention and Delayed intervention). Baseline measures were adjusted for, and a robust linear mixed-model was fitted. Results showed superior outcomes for Intervention compared to waiting on all measures of MiOH, with stable effects through six-month follow-up. Differences were non-significant between children with and without ND. The Taste Education program suggests a promising, simple, and non-intrusive way to reduce children's problematic mealtime behaviors in the long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sigrun Thorsteinsdottir
- Faculty of Health Promotion, Sport and Leisure Studies, School of Education, University of Iceland, Stakkahlid, 105 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Urdur Njardvik
- Faculty of Psychology, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Saemundargata 12, 102 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Ragnar Bjarnason
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Laeknagardur 4th Floor, Vatnsmyrarvegur 16, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
- Department of Pediatrics, National University Hospital, Hringbraut, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Anna S. Olafsdottir
- Faculty of Health Promotion, Sport and Leisure Studies, School of Education, University of Iceland, Stakkahlid, 105 Reykjavik, Iceland
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Brown CL, Ip EH, Skelton J, Lucas C, Vitolins MZ. Parental concerns about picky eating and undereating, feeding practices, and child's weight. Obes Res Clin Pract 2022; 16:373-378. [PMID: 36097260 DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2022.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Parents' concerns about their child's feeding may lead parents to pressure their child to eat, which may lead to a greater risk for obesity. We aimed to assess if parental concerns for picky eating and undereating are associated with pressure to eat and increased child BMI z-score (BMIz). METHODS We performed a cross-sectional study of 328 parents of healthy preschoolers assessing parent concerns about picky eating (Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire) and child undereating ("Are you concerned …doesn't eat enough?"), parent pressure to eat (Child Feeding Questionnaire), and covariates. Dyads' heights and weights were measured. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was performed to examine the relationships between parental concerns, pressure to eat, and child BMIz. Measurement models were tested and refined, and the structural model was tested. Model fit was determined using multiple goodness-of-fit indices. RESULTS Dyads were racially and socioeconomically diverse. The SEM model demonstrated good goodness-of-fit. Children who were perceived as not eating enough had significantly higher picky eating scores (β 0.756; p < 0.001). Parents had higher pressure to eat scores if children were more picky (β 0.148; p = 0.02) or were perceived as not eating enough (β 0.654; p < 0.001). Parental pressure to eat was not associated with the child's BMIz. CONCLUSIONS In a cohort of diverse preschoolers, parent concerns about eating were associated with increased pressure to eat, but pressure to eat was not associated with BMIz. Identifying these relationships is important to develop effective interventions to improve feeding practices in young children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Callie L Brown
- Department of Pediatrics, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States; Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, United States.
| | - Edward H Ip
- Department of Biostatistics, Wake Forest School of Medicine, United States
| | - Joseph Skelton
- Department of Pediatrics, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States; Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, United States
| | - Caroline Lucas
- Department of Pediatrics, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Mara Z Vitolins
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, United States
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Koester BD, Sloane S, Chusid S, Simon J. Informing State-Wide Coalition Efforts to Implement and Integrate Nutrition Best Practices in Early Care and Education: Focus Group Insights from Child Care Providers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:10025. [PMID: 36011660 PMCID: PMC9408123 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191610025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A healthy diet in early childhood is an important contributor to ensuring lifelong health and in reducing risk for obesity. The child care environment is critical to supporting nutrition as a majority of young children less than 5 years of age are enrolled in out-of-home care. In order to better understand barriers to implementing and integrating nutrition best practices, we conduced focus groups with child care providers (n = 25) in Illinois. Providers from low-income communities, rural communities, and communities of color were prioritized. Focus group participants reported several challenges including the high cost of nutritious food, picky eating, and their perception that parents did not set good examples at home. Many providers identified the Child and Adult Care Food Program (CACFP) as a critical resource in helping them implement best practices. Providers discussed needing and wanting more training, more money for food, and more parental support. These results indicate support for additional resources and sustained training and technical assistance to address perceived challenges. The evidence of the importance of CACFP in helping providers engage in nutrition best practices indicates support for expansion and strengthening of the program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda D. Koester
- Family Resiliency Center, Department of Human Development and Family Studies, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Communication, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Stephanie Sloane
- Family Resiliency Center, Department of Human Development and Family Studies, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Sarah Chusid
- Illinois Public Health Institute, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Janna Simon
- Illinois Public Health Institute, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
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Gauthier I, Fiestan G. Food neophobia predicts visual ability in the recognition of prepared food, beyond domain-general factors. Food Qual Prefer 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodqual.2022.104702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Venkatesh S, DeJesus JM. Can children report on their own picky eating? Similarities and differences with parent report. Appetite 2022; 177:106155. [PMID: 35779643 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2022.106155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Picky eating in childhood is associated with children's dietary outcomes and parental feeding experiences. The Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ) is a frequently-used parent-report survey that measures children's eating behaviors, including picky eating. Limited work has adapted the CEBQ into a child-friendly format to measure children's ability to report directly on their own picky eating behavior. We sought to extend previous research by adapting the Food Fussiness subscale of the CEBQ into a child self-report format and measuring parent-child resemblance in scores, with children as young as 3 years. Our final sample included 3- to 10-year-old children (n = 95) and their parents, who were assessed at a local children's museum. The internal consistency of parent-report on the CEBQ FF was α = 0.9 and child-report was α = 0.7, with parent scores predicting child scores when controlling for child age and child gender. The largest difference between parent and child scores on child picky eating (with parents reporting higher scores) was for 3- to 4-year-old children. Children are able to report on their own picky eating and with age their reports converge with those of their parents, highlighting the potential benefit of collecting picky eating scores from multiple informants (parent and child). We suggest future directions for the validation and extension of this measure.
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Abou-Dakn M, Alexy U, Beyer K, Cremer M, Ensenauer R, Flothkötter M, Geene R, Hellmers C, Joisten C, Koletzko B, Mata J, Schiffner U, Somm I, Speck M, Weißenborn A, Wöckel A. Ernährung und Bewegung im Kleinkindalter. Monatsschr Kinderheilkd 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00112-022-01519-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Food Neophobia, Familiarity with French Cuisine, Body Mass, and Restaurant Food Choices in a Sample of Polish Women. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14071502. [PMID: 35406115 PMCID: PMC9003310 DOI: 10.3390/nu14071502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Food neophobia, a condition characterized by a reluctance or avoidance of unknown foods and meals, may influence food choice, and is also associated with body mass and familiarity with food items. This study aimed to analyze the associations between food neophobia, familiarity with French cuisine, body mass, and French restaurant menu food choices in a sample of 203 young Polish women. The Computer-Assisted Web Interview (CAWI) method was used in the study. The food choice questionnaire used for assessment was based on a model French restaurant menu, with dishes planned using a 2 × 2 factorial design for the components of neophobic potential (unfamiliar to Polish consumers) and animal-based components. Food neophobia, familiarity with French cuisine, and body mass were considered independent variables. The food neophobia scale (FNS) developed by Pliner and Hobden was used to assess food neophobia among respondents. The results showed an association between food neophobia and familiarity with French cuisine and French restaurant menu food choices (p ≤ 0.05), but no association with body mass was observed (p > 0.05). The respondents with a high level of food neophobia chose dishes with neophobic components (for soups and desserts) less often compared to those with a low neophobia level, and in the absence of such an association, they chose dishes with animal-based components (for starters and main courses) less often (p ≤ 0.05). The respondents who declared that they were familiar with French cuisine chose dishes with animal-based components (for starters and desserts) more often than those with no familiarity, but a reverse association was observed for soups (p ≤ 0.05). Based on the findings of the study, it may be concluded that food neophobia and familiarity with French cuisine may be important determinants of food choice within a French restaurant menu. The study did not show any association between body mass and the choice of dishes from the model French restaurant menu. The findings suggest that the presence of unfamiliar and animal-based ingredients may reduce the frequency of choosing specific dishes within a French restaurant menu, which may reduce the diversity of individuals’ diets.
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Hazley D, Stack M, Walton J, McNulty BA, Kearney JM. Food neophobia across the life course: Pooling data from five national cross-sectional surveys in Ireland. Appetite 2022; 171:105941. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2022.105941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Markides BR, Laws R, Hesketh K, Maddison R, Denney‐Wilson E, Campbell KJ. A thematic cluster analysis of parents' online discussions about fussy eating. MATERNAL & CHILD NUTRITION 2022; 18:e13316. [PMID: 35132813 PMCID: PMC8932712 DOI: 10.1111/mcn.13316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Food fussiness is associated with non‐responsive parent feeding practices, such as persuasive and instrumental feeding. Although most children described as ‘fussy eaters’ are likely exhibiting developmentally typical behaviours, up to half of the parents of children 2–5 years old express concerns. Concern for fussy eating may mediate the use of non‐responsive feeding practices and so must be addressed in parent feeding interventions. Therefore, it is critical to better understand parents' concerns and how they may relate to feeding practices. This study aimed to explore how parents' feeding practices and the social cognitive factors that may drive them clustered based on parents' concern for fussy eating. Data were collected from parent discussions of fussy eating on a Reddit forum (80,366 posts). Latent Dirichlet allocation was used to identify discussions of fussy eating. Relevant posts (1542) made by users who identified as a parent of a fussy eater (n = 630) underwent qualitative coding and thematic analysis. Five clusters of parents were identified, ranging in size from 53 to 189 users. These were primarily characterised by parents' degree of concern and feeding practices: (1) High concern, nonresponsive; (2) Concerned, nonresponsive; (3) Low concern, responsive; (4) Low concern, mixed strategies; (5) Low concern, indulgent. Parents who used responsive practices tended to be less concerned for fussy eating, have greater trust in their child's ability to self‐regulate hunger, have longer‐term feeding goals, and exhibit greater ability for personal self‐regulation. Future research should further examine how these constructs may be leveraged in parent feeding interventions. Parents using nonresponsive practices to manage fussy eating may have more concerns about fussy eating, less trust in their child's ability to self‐regulate hunger, shorter‐term feeding goals, and less developed self‐regulation skills. As most children described as “fussy eaters” are likely exhibiting developmentally typical behaviours, interventions addressing nutrition and feeding practices in early childhood should aim to alleviate parental concern for fussy eating, for example, by helping them recognise developmentally normal eating behaviours. Early childhood feeding interventions may also be enhanced by helping parents to develop long‐term feeding goals and improved self‐regulation skills in the context of their feeding practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany R. Markides
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences Deakin University Burwood Victoria Australia
| | - Rachel Laws
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences Deakin University Burwood Victoria Australia
| | - Kylie Hesketh
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences Deakin University Burwood Victoria Australia
| | - Ralph Maddison
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences Deakin University Burwood Victoria Australia
| | - Elizabeth Denney‐Wilson
- Susan Wakil School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Medicine and Health The University of Sydney Camperdown New South Wales Australia
| | - Karen J. Campbell
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences Deakin University Burwood Victoria Australia
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Diet quality in preschool children and associations with individual eating behavior and neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage. The STEPS Study. Appetite 2022; 172:105950. [PMID: 35090977 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2022.105950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A good quality diet in childhood is important for optimal growth as well as for long-term health. It is not well established how eating behaviors affect overall diet quality in childhood. Moreover, very few studies have considered the association of diet quality and a neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage in childhood. Our aim was to investigate how diet quality is associated with eating behaviors and neighborhood disadvantage and their interaction in preschool age children in Finland. The participants were from the Steps to Healthy Development Study at age 2 y (n = 780) and 5 y (n = 653). Diet quality was measured with a short questionnaire on habitual food consumption and eating behavior was assessed with the child eating behavior questionnaire to indicate the child's eating style regarding food approach and food avoidance dimensions. Information on neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage were obtained from the statistics Finland grid database. We found that diet quality was higher at 5 years compared to 2 years of age (p < 0.001). Food approach subscale, enjoyment of food, was positively associated with the diet quality (p < 0.001 for 2 and 5 y) while subscale desire to drink was negatively associated with the diet quality (p = 0.001 for 2 and 5 y). Food avoidance was negatively associated with the diet quality both at 2 and at 5 years of age (p < 0.001). A higher neighborhood disadvantage was negatively associated with the diet quality at the age of 2 years (p = 0.02), but not at the age of 5 years. Eating behavior had similar associations with diet quality both in affluent and deprived neighborhoods. Our results suggest that both the eating behavior and neighborhood disadvantage are, already in the early age, important factors when considering children's diet quality.
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OUP accepted manuscript. Nutr Rev 2022; 80:1247-1273. [DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuab123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Hazley D, McCarthy SN, Stack M, Walton J, McNulty BA, Flynn A, Kearney JM. Food neophobia and its relationship with dietary variety and quality in Irish adults: Findings from a national cross-sectional study. Appetite 2021; 169:105859. [PMID: 34910985 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Food neophobia is characterised by a reluctance to eat novel or unfamiliar foods and has been linked to reduced dietary variety and quality. However, this link has been primarily studied in children. Therefore, we aimed to explore the relationship between food neophobia and dietary variety and quality in adults using a sub-sample of the National Adults Nutrition Survey collected between 2008 and 2010 (n = 1088). Food and nutrient intakes were assessed using a 4-day semi-weighed food diary. Food neophobia was measured using the Food Neophobia Scale (FNS). Dietary variety was assessed in three ways; Total Dietary Variety (TDV), Food-Group Variety (FGV) and Fruit and Vegetable Variety (FVV). Diet quality was assessed using the Mean Adequacy Ratio (MAR) and Nutrient-Rich Food Index (NRF9.3). A multivariate general linear model was used to assess the linear relationships between FNS score and all dietary measures, controlling for age, sex, education level, social class, location and BMI. Food neophobia was found to be inversely associated with TDV, FGV and FVV. In addition, food neophobia was negatively associated with vitamin C, magnesium and fruit and vegetable intakes and positively associated with percentage energy from free sugars. However, food neophobia was not significantly associated with all other nutrients, MAR and NRF9.3. While these results suggest food neophobia may not be a particularly important risk factor for poor nutrient status, adherence to certain dietary recommendations remains low within the Irish population and food neophobia may further inhibit the adaption of healthy and sustainable diets. Future research should seek to understand the implications of food neophobia on dietary behaviour change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Hazley
- School of Biological & Health Sciences, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
| | | | - Mairead Stack
- School of Biological & Health Sciences, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Janette Walton
- Department of Biological Science, Munster Technological University, Cork, Ireland.
| | - Breige A McNulty
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, UCD Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Albert Flynn
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
| | - John M Kearney
- School of Biological & Health Sciences, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
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Rolle H, Vollrath J, Kiess W, Flemming G. 3/w mit Perzentilenknick und selektivem Essverhalten. Monatsschr Kinderheilkd 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00112-021-01360-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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36
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Feeding difficulties in children fed a cows' milk elimination diet. Br J Nutr 2021; 128:1190-1199. [PMID: 34657644 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114521004165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A cross-sectional study compared feeding difficulties in children aged 2-5 years fed a cows' milk elimination diet due to food allergy with a control group on an unrestricted diet. All data were obtained online. Specific questionnaires evaluated three types of feeding difficulties: avoidant eating, picky eating and feeding problems. The median scores of feeding difficulties in the elimination diet (n 146) and control (n 109) groups were, respectively: picky eating (31 v. 27; P = 0·148), avoidant eating (3 v. 3; P = 0·508) and feeding problems (38 v. 34, P = 0·032). Picky eating was more frequent in the elimination diet (35·4 %) than in the controls (23·3 %; P = 0·042), but no difference was observed for avoidant eating (23·9 % v. 20·4 %, P = 0·508) and feeding problems (32·1 % v. 28·4 %, P = 0·541). Picky eating was associated with lower values of weight-for-age z-scores in both groups. Multivariate analyses identified associations of the three feeding difficulties with previous food refusal and/or inappetence in the elimination diet group. Current constipation and anticipatory gagging were associated with feeding difficulties in both groups. In conclusion, children on an elimination diet presented higher frequency of picky eating and higher scores of feeding problems. Picky eating was associated with lower values of weight-for-age z-scores. Food refusal and/or inappetence as clinical manifestations of food allergy were associated with feeding difficulties at the moment of the survey. Current constipation and anticipatory gagging were associated with picky eating, avoidant eating and feeding problems.
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Dial LA, Jordan A, Emley E, Angoff HD, Varga AV, Musher-Eizenman DR. Consequences of Picky Eating in College Students. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR 2021; 53:822-831. [PMID: 34629162 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2021.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the relation between young adult picky eating (PE) and psychosocial outcomes (eg, social phobia, quality of life) and dietary intake. DESIGN Cross-sectional study including demographic, quantitative, and qualitative measures. PARTICIPANTS Midwestern undergraduate convenience sample (n = 488) recruited early 2020. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Picky eating identity and bias internalization, social phobia, quality of life, and dietary intake. ANALYSES Pearson correlations were conducted among study variables. Independent t tests compared picky eaters and nonpicky eaters on key variables. Qualitative data were coded using content analysis. RESULTS Picky eaters reported eating less fiber (t[445] = -3.51; P < 0.001; d = 0.34) and vegetables (t[464] = -3.57; P < 0.001; d = 0.33), and reported more social phobia (t[336.84] = 4.04; P < 0.001; d = 0.39) than nonpicky eaters. Picky eating behaviors were positively correlated with PE identity (r[190] = 0.48; P < 0.001; R2 = 0.23) and bias internalization (r[190] = 0.44; P < 0.001; R2 = 0.19). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Future research might explore additional factors that theoretically overlap with PE behavior (eg, other eating styles, disordered eating patterns) or play a role in PE (eg, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive difficulties). A greater understanding of these factors may lead to intervention to reduce PE in adults. In addition, validation of the PE identity and PE distress measures is essential for future use and to replicate this study's findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren A Dial
- Department of Psychology, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH.
| | - Amy Jordan
- Department of Psychology, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH
| | - Elizabeth Emley
- Department of Psychology, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH
| | - Harrison D Angoff
- Department of Psychology, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH
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Dean M, O'Kane C, Issartel J, McCloat A, Mooney E, McKernan C, Brooks S, O'Kane N, Crowe W, Murphy B, Lavelle F. Cook Like A Boss: An effective co-created multidisciplinary approach to improving children's cooking competence. Appetite 2021; 168:105727. [PMID: 34606938 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Cooking interventions are emphasised as promising methods for changing children's food-related preferences, attitudes and behaviours. However, criticisms remain, including relatively weak intervention designs; lack of validated tools, and limited underpinning theory. Therefore, this research aimed to assess the effectiveness of a theory-driven co-created children's cooking intervention with underpinning rationale for the content, using a validated measure. 'Cook Like A Boss' was a one week, controlled cooking camp style intervention. Thirty two children aged 10-12 years participated. The intervention was developed using the Cook-Ed model for planning, implementing and evaluating cooking programs and was underpinned by Social Learning theory and Experiential Learning theory. The intervention content was developed in a co-creation process with the research team, a chef and the children. The underlying developmental skills required for the recipes were assessed to ensure they were age-appropriate. Children completed pre and post measurements including perceived cooking competence. Process evaluations were also gathered. There was a significant increase in perceived cooking competence after the intervention (P < 0.05) and a significant difference between the intervention and control group (P < 0.001). Additionally, process evaluations found the intervention to have high fidelity and dose received and that it was received extremely positively. The 'Cook Like A Boss' children's cooking camp was an effective multidisciplinary co-created intervention with a vulnerable group, e.g. children, guided by a model and underpinned by theory. The content was developed to ensure it was age-appropriate and achievable for the children. This approach could act as a template for future children's cooking interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moira Dean
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, UK
| | - Chloe O'Kane
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, UK
| | - Johann Issartel
- Multisensory Motor Learning Lab, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Amanda McCloat
- School of Home Economics, St. Angela's College, Sligo (National University of Ireland Galway), Ireland
| | - Elaine Mooney
- School of Home Economics, St. Angela's College, Sligo (National University of Ireland Galway), Ireland
| | - Claire McKernan
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, UK
| | - Stephanie Brooks
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, UK
| | - Niamh O'Kane
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, UK
| | - William Crowe
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, UK
| | - Blain Murphy
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, UK
| | - Fiona Lavelle
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, UK.
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Chilman L, Kennedy-Behr A, Frakking T, Swanepoel L, Verdonck M. Picky Eating in Children: A Scoping Review to Examine Its Intrinsic and Extrinsic Features and How They Relate to Identification. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:9067. [PMID: 34501656 PMCID: PMC8431657 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18179067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The health benefits and importance of family mealtimes have been extensively documented. Picky eating can impact this complex activity and has numerous extrinsic (or external) and intrinsic (or internal) features. Occupational therapists work with children and their families by looking at both intrinsic and extrinsic influences and are therefore well-placed to work within this context. This scoping review comprises a comprehensive search of key health industry databases using pre-determined search terms. A robust screening process took place using the authors pre-agreed inclusion and exclusion criteria. There were 80 studies that met the inclusion criteria, which were then mapped using content analysis. The most common assessments used to identify picky eating relied on parental reports and recall. Often additional assessments were included in studies to identify both the intrinsic and extrinsic features and presentation. The most common reported intrinsic features of the child who is a picky eater included increased sensitivity particularly to taste and smell and the child's personality. Extrinsic features which appear to increase the likelihood of picky eating are authoritarian parenting, rewards for eating, and pressuring the child to eat. Most commonly reported extrinsic features that decrease the likelihood of picky eating are family meals, responsive parents, and involving the child in the preparation of food. In conclusion, there is a lack of published papers addressing the role of occupational therapists in the assessment and identification of picky eating in children. There appears to be a complex interplay between intrinsic and extrinsic features which impact caregiver responses and therefore on the picky eater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laine Chilman
- School of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Locked Bag 4 Maroochydore, Maroochydore DC, Sunshine Coast, QLD 4558, Australia ; (A.K.-B.); (L.S.); (M.V.)
| | - Ann Kennedy-Behr
- School of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Locked Bag 4 Maroochydore, Maroochydore DC, Sunshine Coast, QLD 4558, Australia ; (A.K.-B.); (L.S.); (M.V.)
- School of Allied Health & Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Thuy Frakking
- Research Development Unit, Caboolture Hospital, Metro North Hospital & Health Service, Herston, QLD 4510, Australia;
- Centre for Clinical Research, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4029, Australia
| | - Libby Swanepoel
- School of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Locked Bag 4 Maroochydore, Maroochydore DC, Sunshine Coast, QLD 4558, Australia ; (A.K.-B.); (L.S.); (M.V.)
| | - Michele Verdonck
- School of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Locked Bag 4 Maroochydore, Maroochydore DC, Sunshine Coast, QLD 4558, Australia ; (A.K.-B.); (L.S.); (M.V.)
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Wright CM, Gurney JM, Mutoro AN, Shum C, Khan A, Milligan B, Indriani W, Georgiou L, Chambers S, Bryant-Waugh R, Garcia AL. Development of a Scale to Measure Infant Eating Behaviour Worldwide. Nutrients 2021; 13:2495. [PMID: 34444655 PMCID: PMC8398650 DOI: 10.3390/nu13082495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to create a short, internationally valid scale to assess eating behaviour (EB) in young children at risk of undernutrition, we refined 15 phrases describing avidity or food refusal (avoidance). In study one, 149 parents matched phrases in English, Urdu, Cantonese, Indonesian or Greek to videos showing avidity and avoidance; 82-100% showed perfect agreement for the avidity phrases and 73-91% for the avoidant phrases. In study two, 575 parents in the UK, Cyprus and Indonesia (healthy) and in Kenya, Pakistan and Guatemala (healthy and undernourished) rated their 6-24 months old children using the same phrases. Internal consistency (Cronbach's α) was high for avidity (0.88) and moderate for avoidance (0.72). The best-performing 11 items were entered into a principal components analysis and the two scales loaded separately onto 2 factors with Eigen values > 1. The avidity score was positively associated with weight (r = 0.15 p = 0.001) and body mass index (BMI) Z scores (r = 0.16 p = 0.001). Both high and low avoidance were associated with lower weight and BMI Z scores. These scales are internationally valid, relate to nutritional status and can be used to inform causes and treatments of undernutrition worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte M. Wright
- Child Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G51 4TF, UK
| | - Jessica Megan Gurney
- Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G31 2ER, UK; (J.M.G.); (A.N.M.); (C.S.); (A.K.); (B.M.); (W.I.); (L.G.); (A.L.G.)
| | - Antonina N. Mutoro
- Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G31 2ER, UK; (J.M.G.); (A.N.M.); (C.S.); (A.K.); (B.M.); (W.I.); (L.G.); (A.L.G.)
- African Population and Health Research Centre, Nairobi P.O. Box 10787-00100, Kenya
| | - Claudia Shum
- Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G31 2ER, UK; (J.M.G.); (A.N.M.); (C.S.); (A.K.); (B.M.); (W.I.); (L.G.); (A.L.G.)
| | - Amara Khan
- Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G31 2ER, UK; (J.M.G.); (A.N.M.); (C.S.); (A.K.); (B.M.); (W.I.); (L.G.); (A.L.G.)
| | - Beatrice Milligan
- Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G31 2ER, UK; (J.M.G.); (A.N.M.); (C.S.); (A.K.); (B.M.); (W.I.); (L.G.); (A.L.G.)
| | - Widya Indriani
- Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G31 2ER, UK; (J.M.G.); (A.N.M.); (C.S.); (A.K.); (B.M.); (W.I.); (L.G.); (A.L.G.)
| | - Loukia Georgiou
- Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G31 2ER, UK; (J.M.G.); (A.N.M.); (C.S.); (A.K.); (B.M.); (W.I.); (L.G.); (A.L.G.)
| | - Stephanie Chambers
- School of Social and Political Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8RS, UK;
| | - Rachel Bryant-Waugh
- Maudsley Centre for Child and Adolescent Eating Disorders, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London SE5 8AZ, UK;
| | - Ada L. Garcia
- Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G31 2ER, UK; (J.M.G.); (A.N.M.); (C.S.); (A.K.); (B.M.); (W.I.); (L.G.); (A.L.G.)
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Thorsteinsdottir S, Olsen A, Olafsdottir AS. Fussy Eating among Children and Their Parents: Associations in Parent-Child Dyads, in a Sample of Children with and without Neurodevelopmental Disorders. Nutrients 2021; 13:2196. [PMID: 34202394 PMCID: PMC8308294 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Parents are important agents in shaping children's eating habits. However, the associations between children's and parents' eating behaviors are complex and may be convoluted for various reasons, such as parenting feeding styles, stressful mealtimes, and children's neurodevelopmental disorders (ND), such as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The purpose of this study was to analyze associations between parents and their children's fussy eating, in a cross-sectional sample of children, with and without ND. Ninety-seven parents answered screening questionnaires prior to an intervention study. Associations were investigated using two-way ANOVAs and chi-square analyses. Overall, children with ND accepted fewer food items and consumed unhealthier foods more frequently than children without ND. Fussy eating parents had children who accepted fewer food items and consumed unhealthier foods more frequently than children whose parents were not fussy eaters. Interaction effects were not significant. A higher proportion of fussy eating parents, than non-fussy eating parents, had children who had difficulties with combined foods and hidden ingredients. The findings highlight the need for further investigation into the relationships between parents' influence on their children's eating behavior and food consumption, as well as possible reciprocal impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sigrun Thorsteinsdottir
- Faculty of Health Promotion, Sport and Leisure Studies, School of Education, University of Iceland, 105 Reykjavík, Iceland;
| | - Annemarie Olsen
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, 1958 Copenhagen, Denmark;
| | - Anna S. Olafsdottir
- Faculty of Health Promotion, Sport and Leisure Studies, School of Education, University of Iceland, 105 Reykjavík, Iceland;
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Associations between Child Mental Well-Being or Conflicts during Mealtime and Picky Eating Behaviour. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18115621. [PMID: 34070271 PMCID: PMC8197404 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18115621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Pickiness is an eating behavior that many families with young children face. Having joint family meals may impact the child’s pickiness, for instance by influencing their willingness to try novel foods. Moreover, picky children have been shown to display greater emotionality. The aim of this study was to investigate if children’s mental well-being and parent-reported conflicts during mealtime were associated with pickiness among obesity-prone children. Data was obtained from the baseline examination of the Healthy Start intervention study, the Danish Medical Birth registry and the Danish Health Visitor’s Child Health Database, and included 635 children aged 2–6 years that were all at high risk for becoming overweight later in life. Children’s mental well-being was measured by the strengths and difficulties questionnaire. Crude and adjusted ordinal logistic regressions were used to investigate the cross-sectional associations. Children had a higher odds associated with changing from a category of less pickiness to a category of more pickiness for each one point higher SDQ score (ORadj. = 1.35, 95% CI = 1.14; 1.61) and lower odds (ORadj. = 0.57, 95% CI = 0.38; 0.86) associated with changing pickiness category towards more pickiness for each one point higher SDQ prosocial score. Moreover, children with conflicts during mealtime had higher odds of being in a worse pickiness category compared to children without conflicts (ORadj. = 3.37, 95% CI = 2.27; 5.01). This study showed that among obesity-prone children, behavioral problems, as well as conflicts during mealtime, were associated with more picky behaviors. Further longitudinal studies are needed to confirm the findings, as are studies including general child population subsets.
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43
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Maternal perception, concern and dissatisfaction with child weight and their association with feeding practices in the Generation XXI birth cohort. Br J Nutr 2021; 127:1106-1116. [PMID: 34016202 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114521001653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
What a mother thinks about her child's weight status might influence what and how she feeds her child. We examined the association between maternal perception, concern and dissatisfaction with child weight alongside feeding practices. Participants were from the Generation XXI birth cohort (n = 3233). A validated version of the Child Feeding Questionnaire and the Overt/Covert Control scale were used. Associations were evaluated by linear regression models (β coefficients and 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CI) with Bonferroni correction). Perceived underweight was associated with practices promoting food intake, such as higher pressure to eat at ages 4 and 7 years (β = 0·229; 95 % CI: 0·059, 0·398 and β = 0·190; 95 % CI:0·005, 0·376, respectively) and lower restriction at age 4 (β = -0·175; 95 % CI: -0·0310, -0·039). At age 7, perceived overweight was associated with higher covert control (β = 0·203; 95 % CI: 0·029, 0·376). Mothers who were concerned about child weight reported higher restriction (β = 0·226; 95 % CI: 0·142, 0·310 at 4 years and β = 0·261; 95 % CI: 0·169, 0·353 at 7 years) and covert control (β = 0·183; 95 % CI: 0·083, 0·282 at 4 years and β = 0·171; 95 % CI: 0·073, 0·269 at 7 years). Maternal desire for a heavier child was associated with higher pressure to eat at both ages (β = 0·285; 95 % CI: 0·163, 0·406 and β = 0·393; 95 % CI: 0·266, 0·520), while the desire for a thinner child was related to higher covert control at 7 years of age (β = 0·158; 95 % CI: 0·001, 0·316). Maternal perceptions and concern for child weight status are associated with feeding practices independently of actual weight status.
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Appetite self-regulation declines across childhood while general self-regulation improves: A narrative review of the origins and development of appetite self-regulation. Appetite 2021; 162:105178. [PMID: 33639246 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This narrative review discusses the origins and development of appetite self-regulation (ASR) in childhood (from infancy to age 6 or 7 years). The origins, or foundations, are the biological infrastructure associated with appetite regulation and appetite self-regulation. Homeostatic regulation in infancy is examined and then evidence about developmental change in components of ASR. The main ASR-related components covered are: delay-of-gratification, caloric compensation, eating in the absence of hunger, food responsiveness/hedonics and fussy eating. The research included behavioral measures, parent-reports of appetitive traits and fMRI studies. There were two main trends in the evidence: a decline across childhood in the components of ASR associated with food approach (and therefore an increase in disinhibited eating), and wide individual differences. The decline in ASR contrasts with general self-regulation (GSR) where the evidence is of an improvement across childhood. For many children, bottom-up automatic reactive processes via food reward/hedonics or food avoidance as in fussy eating, appear not to be matched by improvements in top-down regulatory capacities. The prominence of bottom-up processes in ASR could be the main factor in possible differences in developmental paths for GSR and ASR. GSR research is situated in developmental science with its focus on developmental processes, theory and methodology. In contrast, the development of ASR at present does not have a strong developmental tradition to access and there is no unifying model of ASR and its development. We concluded (1) outside of mean-level or normative changes in the components of ASR, individual differences are prominent, and (2) there is a need to formulate models of developmental change in ASR together with appropriate measurement, research designs and data analysis strategies.
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Bąbik K, Patro-Gołąb B, Zalewski BM, Wojtyniak K, Ostaszewski P, Horvath A. Infant feeding practices and later parent-reported feeding difficulties: a systematic review. Nutr Rev 2021; 79:1236-1258. [PMID: 33486523 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuaa135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Early feeding practices may influence the acceptance of new foods and contribute to the development of feeding difficulties later in childhood. OBJECTIVE The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the association of breastfeeding duration, timing of complementary feeding introduction, and feeding techniques with feeding difficulties or their subtypes, namely picky or fussy eating, food refusal, and food neophobia, in children older than 1 year of age. DATA SOURCES Guidance from the Cochrane Collaboration and the Centre for Reviews and Dissemination was followed. MEDLINE, Embase, and PsycINFO databases were searched up to December 2019. Additionally, references from included articles were screened. STUDY SELECTION Interventional and observational studies were eligible. Of the 3653 records obtained after the search strategy was applied, 21 observational studies (cohort, case-control, cross-sectional), many with important methodological limitations, and 1 randomized controlled trial were included. DATA EXTRACTION Three authors extracted data independently. RESULTS Results were synthesized narratively. Twelve observational studies assessed the association of breastfeeding duration with parent-reported feeding difficulties. Longer duration of breastfeeding tended to be associated with fewer childhood feeding problems in the majority of studies, but the differences were often small and not significant. Eight observational studies that examined the timing of complementary feeding introduction in relation to parent-reported feeding difficulties showed inconsistent results. Baby-led weaning, as compared with spoon-feeding, was significantly associated with less fussiness at age 12 to 36 months in 1 of 5 studies. CONCLUSIONS This review showed no strong evidence to support the hypothesis that early feeding practices contribute significantly to specific parent-reported feeding difficulties in children older than 1 year of age. Additional methodologically rigorous studies are needed to confirm these findings. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO registration number CRD42018115792.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Bąbik
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
- Faculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | | - Katarzyna Wojtyniak
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Teaching Clinical Hospital, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paweł Ostaszewski
- Faculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrea Horvath
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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Iwinski S, Cole NC, Saltzman JA, Donovan SM, Lee SY, Fiese BH, Bost KK. Child attachment behavior as a moderator of the relation between feeding responsiveness and picky eating behavior. Eat Behav 2021; 40:101465. [PMID: 33310487 PMCID: PMC10796209 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2020.101465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Picky eating (PE) behavior is common in early childhood, but persistent PE is associated with unhealthy development and caregiver-child stress during feeding. Identifying modifiable feeding and parent-child relationship factors that impact PE is important for decreasing risks associated with PE. OBJECTIVE This study examined associations between caregiver Feeding Responsiveness (FR) and child PE behaviors using caregiver reports and observations of family mealtimes. An additional aim examined whether children's attachment behavior moderates this association. METHODS The analysis sample consisted of 110 families participating in a larger longitudinal study of nutrition and child health. Home observations were conducted when children were 18-24 months (52% females) to assess caregiver-child interactions. Caregivers were, on average, 30.9 years old and mostly White (73.6%). Family mealtimes were videotaped and coded for FR and child PE behaviors. Caregivers completed surveys regarding FR and PE behaviors. RESULTS Caregiver-reported FR was significantly correlated with observed FR, r (107) = 0.26, p = 0.007; and caregiver-reported PE was associated with observed PE, r (107) = 0.21, p = 0.029. Caregiver-reported FR was inversely related to observed PE, but only when children were characterized by observers to have more positively toned and smooth interactions with caregivers. Using observational data, child attachment significantly moderated the relationship between FR and PE behaviors. CONCLUSIONS The quality of caregiver-child interactions may impact the degree to which FR is effective in reducing PE. Future longitudinal studies that include more diverse populations, multiple caregivers, and potential mechanisms accounting for these associations are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Iwinski
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United States of America.
| | - Natasha Chong Cole
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United States of America
| | - Jaclyn A Saltzman
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United States of America; The MITRE Corporation, Bedford, MA, United States of America
| | - Sharon M Donovan
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United States of America; Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United States of America
| | - Soo-Yeun Lee
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United States of America; Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United States of America
| | - Barbara H Fiese
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United States of America
| | - Kelly K Bost
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United States of America
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Koomar T, Thomas TR, Pottschmidt NR, Lutter M, Michaelson JJ. Estimating the Prevalence and Genetic Risk Mechanisms of ARFID in a Large Autism Cohort. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:668297. [PMID: 34177659 PMCID: PMC8221394 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.668297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
This study is the first genetically-informed investigation of avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID), an eating disorder that profoundly impacts quality of life for those affected. ARFID is highly comorbid with autism, and we provide the first estimate of its prevalence in a large and phenotypically diverse autism cohort (a subsample of the SPARK study, N = 5,157 probands). This estimate, 21% (at a balanced accuracy 80%), is at the upper end of previous estimates from studies based on clinical samples, suggesting under-diagnosis and potentially lack of awareness among caretakers and clinicians. Although some studies suggest a decrease of disordered eating symptoms by age 6, our estimates indicate that up to 17% (at a balanced accuracy 87%) of parents of autistic children are also at heightened risk for ARFID, suggesting a lifelong risk for disordered eating. We were also able to provide the first estimates of narrow-sense heritability (h2) for ARFID risk, at 0.45. Genome-wide association revealed a single hit near ZSWIM6, a gene previously implicated in neurodevelopmental conditions. While, the current sample was not well-powered for GWAS, effect size and heritability estimates allowed us to project the sample sizes necessary to more robustly discover ARFID-linked loci via common variants. Further genetic analysis using polygenic risk scores (PRS) affirmed genetic links to autism as well as neuroticism and metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanner Koomar
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Taylor R Thomas
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Natalie R Pottschmidt
- Department of Psychology, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, United States
| | - Michael Lutter
- Eating Recovery Center of San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Jacob J Michaelson
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
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Black MM, Hager ER, Wang Y, Hurley KM, Latta LW, Candelaria M, Caulfield LE. Toddler obesity prevention: A two-generation randomized attention-controlled trial. MATERNAL & CHILD NUTRITION 2021; 17:e13075. [PMID: 32885909 PMCID: PMC7729807 DOI: 10.1111/mcn.13075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Rapid weight gain increases risks of obesity and associated co-morbidities. The objective was to reduce the rate of body mass index (BMI) growth (BMI z score), relative to control. Secondary outcomes were toddler-mother physical activity, mealtime interactions and fruit/vegetable intake. The randomized three-arm, eight-session, 4-month trial, conducted 2009-2013, included two intervention arms (responsive parenting and maternal lifestyle) and an attention control (home safety). Baseline and 6- and 12-month follow-up evaluations included weight and length/height, ankle accelerometry, video-recorded mealtime interactions (Emotional Availability Scales) and 24-h diet recalls (Healthy Eating Index-2015 [HEI-2015]). Analyses used linear mixed-effects models with repeated measures comparing intervention versus control changes in BMI z score. We recruited 277 racially mixed (70% African American) toddler-mother dyads (mean ages 20.1 months and 27.3 years) from US WIC and primary care clinics and randomized them into intervention versus control; 31% toddlers and 73% mothers were overweight/obese. At follow-up, changes in the rate of toddler BMI z score and maternal BMI were non-significant. Maternal lifestyle group toddlers and mothers spent 24.43 and 11.01 more minutes in physical activity (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.55, 46.32, and 95% CI: 1.48, 20.54, respectively). Fruit intake increased in both intervention groups. Hostile mealtime interactions increased in the maternal lifestyle group, and in supplementary analyses, mealtime interactions were significantly higher in the responsive parenting group than in the maternal lifestyles group, suggesting that toddler dietary interventions include responsive parenting. Intervention effects were stronger among older versus younger toddlers. Despite no impact on weight gain, additional research should examine integrated two-generation responsive parenting and maternal lifestyle interventions among toddler-mother dyads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maureen M. Black
- Department of Pediatrics and Department of Epidemiology and Public HealthUniversity of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- RTI InternationalResearch Triangle ParkNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Erin R. Hager
- Department of Pediatrics and Department of Epidemiology and Public HealthUniversity of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Pediatrics and Department of Epidemiology and Public HealthUniversity of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Kristen M. Hurley
- Center for Human NutritionThe Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Laura W. Latta
- Institute for Innovation and ImplementationUniversity of Maryland School of Social WorkBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Margo Candelaria
- Institute for Innovation and ImplementationUniversity of Maryland School of Social WorkBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Laura E. Caulfield
- Center for Human NutritionThe Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMarylandUSA
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49
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Patel MD, Donovan SM, Lee SY. Considering Nature and Nurture in the Etiology and Prevention of Picky Eating: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12113409. [PMID: 33171966 PMCID: PMC7694604 DOI: 10.3390/nu12113409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Children are often categorized as picky eaters by parents and caregivers for their rejection of foods, such as vegetables, and for exhibiting other difficult mealtime behaviors. However, there are several factors that contribute to these mealtime behaviors, including early feeding practices (i.e., breastfeeding, introduction to solid food), repeated exposure to novel foods, and genetic taste sensitivity to certain compounds. Using the online database of PubMed, a review of the literature on the development of picky eating in children, its outcomes, and intervention strategies was conducted. This review groups the developmental contributors to picky eating into the categories of nature and nurture and explores the interaction between the two. This paper will also summarize the potential outcomes of picky eating and the various strategies that are currently recommended to mitigate picky eating in young children. However, there is a lack of longitudinal work targeting consistent picky eating behaviors that have the potential to impact long-term food preferences and dietary variety. Future intervention strategies should address the factors that influence the development of picky eating on an individual level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meera D. Patel
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, USA;
| | - Sharon M. Donovan
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, USA;
| | - Soo-Yeun Lee
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-217-244-9435
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Ultra-processed food consumption, appetitive traits and BMI in children: a prospective study. Br J Nutr 2020; 125:1427-1436. [PMID: 32962770 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114520003712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the association of ultra-processed food consumption at 4 and 7 years of age with appetitive traits at 7 years and BMI at 10 years of age. Participants were 1175 children of the population-based birth cohort Generation XXI, who provided food diaries and complete data on socio-demographic variables, anthropometric measures and the Portuguese Children's Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (P-CEBQ). Foods were grouped according to NOVA classification into: 'unprocessed, minimally or moderately processed, and culinary preparations'; 'processed' and 'ultra-processed'. To assess tracking of groups' consumption, Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were calculated. Generalised linear models were fitted to test main associations, mediators and interactions among the variables. Ultra-processed consumption exhibited a fair level of stability between ages 4 and 7 years (r 0·34; ICC = 0·32; 95 % CI 0·25, 0·39), corresponding, respectively, to 27·3 % (1881·9 (SD 908·8) kJ/d) and 29·3 % (2204·5 (SD 961·1) kJ/d) of total energy intake. After adjusting for maternal and child characteristics, higher ultra-processed consumption at 4 years was associated directly with 'Food Responsiveness' (β = 0·019; 95 % CI 0·007, 0·037) and indirectly through energy intake with avoidant traits: 'Food Fussiness' (β = -0·007; 95 % CI 0·002, 0·012) and 'Satiety Responsiveness' (β = -0·007; 95 % CI 0·003, 0·012). Ultra-processed consumption at 4 years old was associated with BMI at 10 years old, but appetitive behaviours were not powerful mediators of this association. The results suggest a path by which ultra-processed products may impact on later appetitive traits and higher BMI in children.
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