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Huey SL, Islam S, Mehta NH, Konieczynski EM, Friesen VM, Krisher JT, Mbuya MNN, Monterrosa EC, Nyangaresi AM, Mehta S. Review of the facilitators and barriers to adoption of biofortified foods and food products. Nutr Res Rev 2024:1-22. [PMID: 39376108 DOI: 10.1017/s0954422424000258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/09/2024]
Abstract
Biofortification - the process of increasing the concentrations of essential nutrients in staple crops - is a means of addressing the burden of micronutrient deficiencies at a population level via existing food systems, such as smallholder farms. To realise its potential for global impact, we need to understand the factors that are associated with decisions to adopt biofortified crops and food products. We searched the literature to identify adoption determinants, i.e. barriers to (factors negatively associated) or facilitators of (factors positively associated) adoption, of biofortified crops and food products. We found 41 studies reporting facilitator(s) and/or barrier(s) of adoption. We categorised the factors using the Consolidated Framework of Implementation Research 2.0, resulting in a set of factors that enable or constrain adoption of biofortified foods across twenty-four constructs and five domains of this meta-theoretical determinant framework from implementation science. Facilitators of orange sweet potato adoption included knowledge about importance, relative advantage, efficient production and management practices; barriers included lacking timely access to quality vines and market remoteness (28 studies total). Facilitators of vitamin A cassava adoption included awareness of its benefits and access to information; barriers included poor road networks and scarcity of improved technology including inadequate processing/storage facilities (8). Facilitators of high-iron bean adoption included farmers' networking and high farming experience; barriers included low knowledge of bean biofortification (8). Barriers to vitamin A maize adoption included low awareness and concerns regarding yield, texture and aflatoxin contamination (1). These barriers and facilitators may be a starting point for researchers to move towards testing implementation strategies and/or for policymakers to consider before planning scale-up and continuous optimisation of ongoing projects promoting adoption of biofortified crops and food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha L Huey
- Center for Precision Nutrition and Health, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Saiful Islam
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Neel H Mehta
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Jesse T Krisher
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | - Saurabh Mehta
- Center for Precision Nutrition and Health, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
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Gulyas BZ, Mogeni B, Jackson P, Walton J, Caton SJ. Biofortification as a food-based strategy to improve nutrition in high-income countries: a scoping review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2024:1-22. [PMID: 39269149 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2024.2402998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
Biofortification (increasing the micronutrient content of food before harvest) has been successfully used to nutritionally improve staple foods in low- and middle-income countries. This approach could also help address micronutrient shortfalls in at-risk populations in high-income countries (HICs), however, the potential of biofortification interventions in this context is not well understood. The aim of this scoping review is to assess the nature and extent of available research evidence on biofortified foods in relation to human consumption in HICs. Literature searches were conducted in MEDLINE, WoS, ProQuest, CINAHL, AGRIS and Epistemonikos. Forty-six peer-reviewed articles were included. Most research was conducted in the USA (n = 15) and Italy (n = 11), on cereal crops (n = 14) and vegetables (n = 11), and on selenium (n = 12) and provitamin A (n = 11). Seven research domains were identified in the literature: bioavailability (n = 17); nutrient stability (n = 11); opinions and attitudes (n = 9); functionality (n = 9); sensory properties (n = 2); safety (n = 1); and modeling (n = 1). Evidence from HICs in each domain is limited. There is a need for more research particularly in areas sensitive to the cultural and socio-economic context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boglarka Z Gulyas
- Sheffield Centre for Health And Related Research, Division of Population Health, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Brenda Mogeni
- Sheffield Centre for Health And Related Research, Division of Population Health, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Peter Jackson
- Institute for Sustainable Food, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Jenny Walton
- Commercialization and Scaling, HarvestPlus, International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Samantha J Caton
- Sheffield Centre for Health And Related Research, Division of Population Health, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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Huey SL, Bhargava A, Friesen VM, Konieczynski EM, Krisher JT, Mbuya MNN, Mehta NH, Monterrosa E, Nyangaresi AM, Mehta S. Sensory acceptability of biofortified foods and food products: a systematic review. Nutr Rev 2024; 82:892-912. [PMID: 37634146 PMCID: PMC11163453 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuad100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT It is important to understand the sensory acceptability of biofortified food products among target population groups if biofortification is to be realized as a sustainable strategy for mitigation of micronutrient deficiencies, able to be scaled up and applied through programs. OBJECTIVE This systemic review aims to summarize and synthesize the sensory acceptability of conventionally bred iron-, zinc-, and provitamin A-biofortified food products. DATA SOURCES MEDLINE (PubMed), AGRICOLA, AgEcon, CABI Abstracts (Web of Science), and organizational websites (eg, those of HarvestPlus and CGIAR and their partners) were searched for relevant articles. No access to any market research that may have been internally conducted for the commercial biofortified food products was available. DATA EXTRACTION This review identified articles measuring the sensory acceptability of conventionally bred biofortified food products. Extraction of the hedonic ratings of food products was performed. DATA ANALYSIS An "Acceptability Index %" was defined based on hedonic scoring to determine an overall rating, and used to categorize biofortified food products as "acceptable" (≥70%) or "not acceptable" (<70%). Additionally, this review narratively synthesized studies using methods other than hedonic scoring for assessing sensory acceptability. CONCLUSIONS Forty-nine studies assessed the acceptability of 10 biofortified crops among children and adults, in mostly rural, low-income settings across Africa, Latin America, and India; food products made from mineral and provitamin A-biofortified food products were generally acceptable. Compared with studies on provitamin-A biofortified food products, few studies (1 to 2 each) on mineral-enhanced crops such as rice, cowpeas, lentils, and wheat were found, limiting the generalizability of the findings. Similarly, few studies examined stored biofortified food products. Few commercial food products have so far been developed, although new varieties of crops are being continuously tested and released globally. Certain crop varieties were found to be acceptable while others were not, suggesting that particular varieties should be prioritized for scale-up. Determining sensory acceptability of biofortified food products is important for informing programmatic scale-up and implementation across diverse populations and settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha L Huey
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
- Program in International Nutrition, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
- Center for Precision Nutrition and Health, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Arini Bhargava
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | | | | | - Jesse T Krisher
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | | | - Neel H Mehta
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Eva Monterrosa
- Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Saurabh Mehta
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
- Program in International Nutrition, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
- Center for Precision Nutrition and Health, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
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Custodio MC, Demont M, De Steur H. Market intelligence for guiding crop improvement: A systematic review of stakeholder preference studies in the rice sector in the Global South and beyond. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2023; 22:4404-4432. [PMID: 37602888 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Improvement of crop varieties can be a powerful strategy for addressing food, nutrition, and climate challenges in the Global South if it is guided by market intelligence. We conducted a systematic literature review of stakeholder preference studies that aim at guiding crop improvement in rice, the Global South's most important staple food. We review behavioral indicators such as purchase intention, willingness to pay, acceptance, probability of adoption, and preference. Results from 106 studies reveal important gaps in terms of geographical and stakeholder representation: (1) Southcentral Asia is underrepresented and (2) studies focused either on upstream (farmers) or downstream (consumers) stakeholders along the value chain, while missing out on midstream actors (processors, traders). From the consumer studies, urban consumption zones are adequately represented as sources of end-market opportunities for farmers to tap into demand. Evidence suggests that consumer preferences for intrinsic attributes revolve around eating and cooking quality attributes (i.e., aroma, texture, swelling capacity, taste) and physical traits (i.e., whiteness, size and shape, proportion of broken grains). Evidence from farmer studies reveals that (1) preferences for agronomic attributes dominate and focus on yield, maturity, plant height, lodging tolerance, and tillering ability; (2) yield and early maturity were generally considered priority attributes and were often jointly considered as such; and (3) preferences for abiotic stress tolerance revolve around drought, submergence, and salinity. These insights can help refocus market intelligence research to aid crop improvement in addressing food, nutrition, and climate challenges in the Global South, which may be expanded globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Claire Custodio
- Department of Agricultural Economics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Sustainable Impact through Rice-based Systems Department, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Los Baños, Philippines
| | - Matty Demont
- Sustainable Impact through Rice-based Systems Department, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Los Baños, Philippines
| | - Hans De Steur
- Department of Agricultural Economics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Ceballos-Rasgado M, Ajmal S, Mahboob U, Ander EL, Zia M, Moran VH, Joy EJM, Zaman M, Ohly H, Lowe NM. Farmers' and millers' experiences and attitudes towards the production and processing of zinc biofortified wheat in Pakistan: a mixed methods study. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1158156. [PMID: 37941768 PMCID: PMC10629276 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1158156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Zinc biofortified wheat may be a sustainable strategy to increase zinc intake in areas where fortification and dietary diversification are not feasible or are limited by household purchasing power. This convergent mixed methods study aimed to explore the farmers' and millers' experiences and attitudes towards the production and processing of zinc biofortified wheat in Pakistan. Methods A telephone survey was conducted with farmers (n = 418) who were provided with Zincol-2016 biofortified wheat seed for the 2019-2020 growing season, as part of a wheat grain micronutrient mapping study across Punjab Province. The survey explored the farmers' experiences of growing Zincol-2016 and whether they opted to grow it again in the subsequent season. Semi-structured focus group discussions were undertaken in a separate group of farmers in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) province (n = 12) who grew Zincol-2016 for the BiZiFED2 RCT. Millers were also interviewed in KP, both those who had processed Zincol-2016 for the trial (n = 12) and those who had no experience of processing biofortified wheat (n = 12). Survey data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and transcripts of focus groups were analyzed using thematic analysis. Results Nearly half of farmers who responded to the survey (47%) re-cultivated Zincol-2016 in the following season. The drivers for Zincol-2016 re-cultivation were seed availability (100%), grain yield and growth resistance (98%), quality of the flour from the previous harvest (97%) and nutritional benefit (94.5%). Discussions with farmers suggested that the main motivators for potential scale-up of biofortified wheat were the perceived quality of the grain, wheat, and flour. Millers saw it as an opportunity to expand their business. Farmers and millers valued the health benefits of the wheat. Challenges for scale-up include the need of additional support to produce it, unfamiliarity with the biofortification process, production costs, and external threats to the supply chain. Conclusion Farmers and millers showed a strong implicit preference for Zincol-2016 over alternative varieties. Crop performance and product yield were the most cited motivators for growing Zincol-2016. Farmers and millers are willing to produce and process biofortified wheat if financial and educational support is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Usman Mahboob
- Institute of Health Professions Education and Research, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - E. Louise Ander
- Inorganic Geochemistry, Centre for Environmental Geochemistry, British Geological Survey, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Munir Zia
- Research & Development Department, Fauji Fertilizer Company Ltd, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Victoria Hall Moran
- Centre for Global Development, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, United Kingdom
| | - Edward J. M. Joy
- Department of Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mukhtiar Zaman
- Department of Pulmonology, Rehman Medical Institute, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Heather Ohly
- Centre for Global Development, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola M. Lowe
- Centre for Global Development, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, United Kingdom
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van Zanten HHE, Simon W, van Selm B, Wacker J, Maindl TI, Frehner A, Hijbeek R, van Ittersum MK, Herrero M. Circularity in Europe strengthens the sustainability of the global food system. NATURE FOOD 2023; 4:320-330. [PMID: 37117548 PMCID: PMC10154194 DOI: 10.1038/s43016-023-00734-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Redesigning the European food system on the basis of circularity principles could bring environmental benefits for Europe and the world. Here we deploy a biophysical optimization model to explore the effects of adopting three circularity scenarios in the European Union (EU)27 + UK. We calculate a potential reduction of 71% in agricultural land use and 29% per capita in agricultural greenhouse gas emissions, while producing enough healthy food within a self-sufficient European food system. Under global food shortages, savings in agricultural land could be used to feed an additional 767 million people outside the EU (+149%), while reducing per capita greenhouse gas emissions by 38% but increasing overall emissions by 55% due to the increased population served. Transitioning the EU's food system towards circularity implies sequential changes among all its components and has great potential to safeguard human and planetary health.
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Affiliation(s)
- H H E van Zanten
- Farming Systems Ecology Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
- Department of Global Development, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, and Cornell Atkinson Center for Sustainability, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
| | - W Simon
- Farming Systems Ecology Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
- Plant Production Systems Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - B van Selm
- Plant Production Systems Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
- Animal Production Systems Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - J Wacker
- Farming Systems Ecology Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - T I Maindl
- SDB Science-driven Business Ltd, Larnaca, Cyprus
| | - A Frehner
- Department of Food System Sciences, Research Institute of Organic Agriculture FiBL, Frick, Switzerland
| | - R Hijbeek
- Plant Production Systems Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - M K van Ittersum
- Plant Production Systems Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - M Herrero
- Department of Global Development, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, and Cornell Atkinson Center for Sustainability, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
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Kumar S, DePauw RM, Kumar S, Kumar J, Kumar S, Pandey MP. Breeding and adoption of biofortified crops and their nutritional impact on human health. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2023; 1520:5-19. [PMID: 36479674 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Micronutrient malnutrition has affected over two billion people worldwide and continues to be a health risk. A growing human population, poverty, and the prevalence of low dietary diversity are jointly responsible for malnutrition, particularly in developing nations. Inadequate bioavailability of key micronutrients, such as iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), and vitamin A, can be improved through agronomic and/or genetic interventions. The Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research prioritizes developing biofortified food crops that are rich in minerals and vitamins through the HarvestPlus initiative on biofortification. The objective of this review is to provide an overview of biofortified food crops along with evidence supporting their acceptability and adoption. Between 2004 and 2019, 242 biofortified varieties belonging to 11 major crops were released in 30 countries across Asia, Africa, and Latin America. These conventionally bred biofortified crops include Fe-enriched beans, pearl millet, and cowpea; Zn-enriched rice, wheat, and maize; both Fe- and Zn-enriched lentil and sorghum; and varieties with improved vitamin A in orange-fleshed sweet potato, maize, cassava, and banana/plantain. In addition to ongoing efforts, breeding innovations, such as speed breeding and CRISPR-based gene editing technologies, will be necessary for the next decade to reach two billion people with biofortified crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin Kumar
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, India
| | - Ron M DePauw
- Advancing Wheat Technologies, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Sudhir Kumar
- Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, India
| | - Jitendra Kumar
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research (IIPR), Kanpur, India
| | - Sourabh Kumar
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, India
| | - Madhav P Pandey
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Agriculture and Forestry University (AFU), Rampur, Nepal
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The Effect of Adding Bambara Groundnut (Vigna subterranea) on the Physical Quality, Nutritional Composition and Consumer Acceptability of a Provitamin A-Biofortified Maize Complementary Instant Porridge. DIVERSITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/d14121088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Undernutrition is prevalent in developing regions, particularly sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), especially among children under five. Biofortification of staple crops and using indigenous and traditional crops could be an affordable and sustainable strategy together with other existing strategies to reduce undernutrition. This study aimed to determine the effect of adding bambara groundnut (BGN) on the physical quality, nutritional composition and consumer acceptability of a provitamin A-biofortified maize (PVABM) complementary instant porridge. The PVABM flour was substituted with flour of either red or brown BGN variety at 0, 10, 20 and 30% (w/w) levels. The composite flours were used to make an instantized complementary porridge. The physical quality (texture, color, water absorption capacity (WAC), solubility index (SI) and swelling volume (SV)) of the grains and the composite complementary instant porridges were assessed. Nutritional analysis was conducted using standard AOAC methods. A 55-member consumer panel evaluated the acceptability of the porridge samples using a nine-point hedonic scale. The firmness, WAC, SI and SV decreased with increasing concentration of flour of either of the BGN varieties. The decrease in SV would positively affect the porridge quality as nutrient density and viscosity decreased. The protein, fat, fiber and total mineral (ash) content of the porridges increased with an increase in either BGN variety. There was no significant difference (p > 0.05) in the overall acceptability of the BGN–PVABM composite porridge samples and the porridge without BGN (control). The improved nutritional composition and positive consumer acceptability of BGN–PVABM are encouraging as consumption could contribute to the alleviation of nutrient deficiencies, including protein-energy malnutrition and mineral deficiencies, especially in SSA.
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Kamble U, Mishra CN, Govindan V, Sharma AK, Pawar S, Kumar S, Krishnappa G, Gupta OP, Singh GP, Singh G. Ensuring Nutritional Security in India through Wheat Biofortification: A Review. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13122298. [PMID: 36553565 PMCID: PMC9778289 DOI: 10.3390/genes13122298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Undernourishment of nutrients, also known as hidden hunger, affects over 2 billion populace globally. Even though stunting among children below five years of age has decreased in India in the last ten years, India is home to roughly thirty percent of the world's population of stunted pre-schoolers. A significant improvement has been witnessed in the targeted development and deployment of biofortified crops; approximately 20 million farm households from developing counties benefit from cultivating and consuming biofortified crops. There is ample scope for including biofortified varieties in the seed chain, ensuring nutritional security. Wheat is a dietary staple in India, typically consumed as wholemeal flour in the form of flatbreads such as chapatti and roti. Wheat contributes to nearly one fifth of global energy requirements and can also provide better amounts of iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn). As a result, biofortified wheat can serve as a medium for delivery of essential micronutrients such as Fe and Zn to end users. This review discusses wheat biofortification components such as Fe and Zn dynamics, its uptake and movement in plants, the genetics of their buildup, and the inclusion of biofortified wheat varieties in the seed multiplication chain concerning India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umesh Kamble
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal 132001, India
| | - Chandra Nath Mishra
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal 132001, India
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +91-946-8251-294
| | | | - Amit Kumar Sharma
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal 132001, India
| | - Sushma Pawar
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal 132001, India
| | - Satish Kumar
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal 132001, India
| | | | - Om Prakash Gupta
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal 132001, India
| | | | - Gyanendra Singh
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal 132001, India
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Dwivedi SL, Mattoo AK, Garg M, Dutt S, Singh B, Ortiz R. Developing Germplasm and Promoting Consumption of Anthocyanin-Rich Grains for Health Benefits. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2022.867897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Malnutrition, unhealthy diets, and lifestyle changes are the major risk factors for overweight and obesity-linked chronic diseases in humans adversely impact achieving sustainable development goals. Colored grains are a source of anthocyanins, a group of flavonoids, that contribute positively to human health. This review focuses on genetic variation harnessed through breeding and biotechnology tools for developing anthocyanin-rich grain crops. Agronomic practices, genotype × environment interactions, different stresses, seed development and seed maturity are factors that impact the content and composition of anthocyanins. Significant progress has been made in characterizing genes associated with anthocyanin biosynthesis in cereal and other crops. Breeding has led to the development and release of grain anthocyanin-rich crop cultivars in Europe, America and in some countries in Asia. Notably, genetic engineering utilizing specific transcription factors and gene editing has led to the development of anthocyanin-rich genetic variants without any significant yield penalty. A variety of food products derived from colored grains or flours are now available in grocery stores and supermarkets worldwide. The public perception about anthocyanin-rich food is positive, but availability, affordability, and willingness to pay a higher price than before limit consumption. Together with other seed nutrition traits in breeding programs the inclusion of anthocyanins can ensure the development of cultivars that meet nutrition needs of humans, especially in the developing world.
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De Steur H, Stein AJ, Demont M. From Golden Rice to Golden Diets: How to turn its recent approval into practice. GLOBAL FOOD SECURITY 2022; 32:100596. [PMID: 35300044 PMCID: PMC8907858 DOI: 10.1016/j.gfs.2021.100596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Following its approval in the Philippines in July 2021, provitamin A-rich "Golden Rice" is set to become the worlds' first commercialized genetically modified crop with direct consumer benefits. Despite supplementation and fortification programs, the burden of micronutrient deficiencies remains high. For Golden Rice to be successful in reducing vitamin A deficiency, it needs to be taken up by food systems and integrated into consumer diets. Despite negative information often being associated with genetic engineering, evidence suggests that consumers react positively to Golden Rice. Thus, it offers policy makers and public health stakeholders a new, powerful option to address micronutrient malnutrition that they can integrate as a cost-effective component in broader nutrition strategies and tailor it to consumers' heterogeneous socio-economic contexts and needs to promote "Golden Diets". For this to happen, the right framing of the pathway from policy to consumption is crucial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans De Steur
- Ghent University, Department of Agricultural Economics, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Alexander J. Stein
- European Commission, Directorate-General for Agriculture and Rural Development, 1049 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Matty Demont
- International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines
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12
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Mahboob U, Ceballos-Rasgado M, Moran VH, Joy EJM, Ohly H, Zaman M, Lowe NM. Community Perceptions of Zinc Biofortified Flour during an Intervention Study in Pakistan. Nutrients 2022; 14:817. [PMID: 35215467 PMCID: PMC8876608 DOI: 10.3390/nu14040817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Zinc-biofortified flour may be a cost-effective approach to improve zinc status of populations in low-resource settings. The success of biofortification programmes is subject to acceptability and uptake by consumers. This study explored community leaders' and community members' (n = 72) experiences and attitudes towards the flour provided during a cluster randomised controlled trial of zinc biofortified wheat in rural Pakistan (BiZiFED2). Focus group discussions (n = 12) were conducted and thematic analysis applied using an inductive, semantic, contextualist approach. Five themes were identified: (1) Contribution to food security; (2) Better sensory and baking properties than local flour; (3) Perceived health benefits; (4) Willingness to pay for the flour; and (5) Importance of trusted promoters/suppliers. Although the participants were blind to whether they had received control or biofortified flour, referred to collectively as "study flour", the results indicated that the study flour performed well in terms of its taste and bread making qualities, with no adverse reports from participants in either arm of the BIZIFED2 RCT. Participants suggested that they would buy the biofortified wheat if this was available at a fair price due to perceived health benefits, reporting positive sensory characteristics and cooking attributes when compared to the flour available in the local markets. Overall, there was a positive reception of the programme and flour among the participants, and members of the community hoped for its continuation and expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usman Mahboob
- Institute of Health Professions Education and Research, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar 25100, Pakistan;
| | - Marena Ceballos-Rasgado
- Centre for Global Development, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, UK; (M.C.-R.); (V.H.M.); (H.O.)
| | - Victoria Hall Moran
- Centre for Global Development, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, UK; (M.C.-R.); (V.H.M.); (H.O.)
| | - Edward J. M. Joy
- Department of Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UK;
- Rothamsted Research, Department of Sustainable Agricultural Sciences, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, UK
| | - Heather Ohly
- Centre for Global Development, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, UK; (M.C.-R.); (V.H.M.); (H.O.)
| | - Mukhtiar Zaman
- Department of Pulmonology, Rehman Medical Institute, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan;
| | - Nicola M. Lowe
- Centre for Global Development, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, UK; (M.C.-R.); (V.H.M.); (H.O.)
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Singh B, Goutam U, Kukreja S, Sharma J, Sood S, Bhardwaj V. Potato biofortification: an effective way to fight global hidden hunger. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 27:2297-2313. [PMID: 34744367 PMCID: PMC8526655 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-021-01081-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Hidden hunger is leading to extensive health problems in the developing world. Several strategies could be used to reduce the micronutrient deficiencies by increasing the dietary uptake of essential micronutrients. These include diet diversification, pharmaceutical supplementation, food fortification and crop biofortification. Among all, crop biofortification is the most sustainable and acceptable strategy to overcome the global issue of hidden hunger. Since most of the people suffering from micronutrient deficiencies, have monetary issues and are dependent on staple crops to fulfil their recommended daily requirements of various essential micronutrients. Therefore, increasing the micronutrient concentrations in cost effective staple crops seems to be an effective solution. Potato being the world's most consumed non-grain staple crop with enormous industrial demand appears to be an ideal candidate for biofortification. It can be grown in different climatic conditions, provide high yield, nutrition and dry matter in lesser time. In addition, huge potato germplasm have natural variations related to micronutrient concentrations, which can be utilized for its biofortification. This review discuss the current scenario of micronutrient malnutrition and various strategies that could be used to overcome it. The review also shed a light on the genetic variations present in potato germplasm and suggest effective ways to incorporate them into modern high yielding potato varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baljeet Singh
- Division of Crop Improvement and Seed Technology, Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, India
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India
| | - Umesh Goutam
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India
| | - Sarvjeet Kukreja
- Department of Agronomy, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India
| | - Jagdev Sharma
- Division of Crop Production, Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, India
| | - Salej Sood
- Division of Crop Improvement and Seed Technology, Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, India
| | - Vinay Bhardwaj
- Division of Crop Improvement and Seed Technology, Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, India
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14
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Dass M, Nyako J, Tortoe C, Fanou-Fogny N, Nago E, Hounhouigan J, Berger J, Wieringa F, Greffeuille V. Comparison of Micronutrient Intervention Strategies in Ghana and Benin to Cover Micronutrient Needs: Simulation of Bene-Fits and Risks in Women of Reproductive Age. Nutrients 2021; 13:2286. [PMID: 34371796 PMCID: PMC8308306 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Overlapping micronutrient interventions might increase the risk of excessive micronutrient intake, with potentially adverse health effects. To evaluate how strategies currently implemented in Benin and Ghana contribute to micronutrient intake in women of reproductive age (WRA), and to assess the risk for excess intakes, scenarios of basic rural and urban diets were built, and different on-going interventions were added. We estimated micronutrient intakes for all different scenarios. Four types of intervention were included in the scenarios: fortification, biofortification, supplementation and use of locally available nutrient-rich foods. Basic diets contributed poorly to daily micronutrient intake in WRA. Fortification of oil and salt were essential to reach daily requirements for vitamin A and iodine, while fortified flour contributed less. Biofortified products could make an important contribution to the coverage of vitamin A needs, while they were not sufficient to cover the needs of WRA. Iron and folic acid supplementation was a major contributor in the intake of iron and folate, but only in pregnant and lactating women. Risk of excess were found for three micronutrients (vitamin A, folic acid and niacin) in specific contexts, with excess only coming from voluntary fortified food, supplementation and the simultaneous overlap of several interventions. Better regulation and control of fortification and targeting of supplementation could avoid excess intakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamta Dass
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), BP 64501-911, av. d’Agropolis, 34394 Montpellier, France; (M.D.); (J.B.); (F.W.)
- QualiSud, Univ Montpellier, Avignon Université, CIRAD, Institut Agro, IRD, Université de La Réunion, 34394 Montpellier, France
| | - Jolene Nyako
- Nutrition Unit, Food Research Institute, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Accra P.O. Box M20, Ghana; (J.N.); (C.T.)
| | - Charles Tortoe
- Nutrition Unit, Food Research Institute, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Accra P.O. Box M20, Ghana; (J.N.); (C.T.)
| | - Nadia Fanou-Fogny
- Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques (FSA), Université d’Abomey-Calavi (UAC), Jéricho 03 BP 2819, Benin; (N.F.-F.); (E.N.); (J.H.)
| | - Eunice Nago
- Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques (FSA), Université d’Abomey-Calavi (UAC), Jéricho 03 BP 2819, Benin; (N.F.-F.); (E.N.); (J.H.)
| | - Joseph Hounhouigan
- Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques (FSA), Université d’Abomey-Calavi (UAC), Jéricho 03 BP 2819, Benin; (N.F.-F.); (E.N.); (J.H.)
| | - Jacques Berger
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), BP 64501-911, av. d’Agropolis, 34394 Montpellier, France; (M.D.); (J.B.); (F.W.)
- QualiSud, Univ Montpellier, Avignon Université, CIRAD, Institut Agro, IRD, Université de La Réunion, 34394 Montpellier, France
| | - Frank Wieringa
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), BP 64501-911, av. d’Agropolis, 34394 Montpellier, France; (M.D.); (J.B.); (F.W.)
- QualiSud, Univ Montpellier, Avignon Université, CIRAD, Institut Agro, IRD, Université de La Réunion, 34394 Montpellier, France
| | - Valerie Greffeuille
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), BP 64501-911, av. d’Agropolis, 34394 Montpellier, France; (M.D.); (J.B.); (F.W.)
- QualiSud, Univ Montpellier, Avignon Université, CIRAD, Institut Agro, IRD, Université de La Réunion, 34394 Montpellier, France
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15
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Dizon F, Josephson A, Raju D. Pathways to better nutrition in South Asia: Evidence on the effects of food and agricultural interventions. GLOBAL FOOD SECURITY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gfs.2020.100467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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16
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Woods BJ, Gallego-Castillo S, Talsma EF, Álvarez D. The acceptance of zinc biofortified rice in Latin America: A consumer sensory study and grain quality characterization. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0242202. [PMID: 33175890 PMCID: PMC7657500 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Zinc deficiency is a major public health problem in vulnerable populations of Latin America and the Caribbean. Biofortification of rice (Oryza sativa L.) with zinc has the potential to alleviate zinc deficiencies. However, as plant breeding processes can alter grain culinary quality and favorable sensory attributes, grain quality and consumer acceptability need to be assessed prior to releasing a variety to the public. A grain quality characterization and a sensory acceptability analysis were carried out with two varieties of zinc biofortified rice and a local control both in Bolivia and Colombia. The aim of this study was to evaluate the physicochemical parameters that are significant in consumer acceptance and to determine the acceptability of zinc biofortified rice by consumers. Results of physicochemical parameters were analyzed using ANOVA. The sensory acceptability was evaluated in 243 adults utilizing a 7-point hedonic scale and a Wilcoxon's signed rank test was used to determine the overall acceptability of the varieties. Biofortified rice variety T2-11 and MAC-18 -control 1- were equally accepted by consumers in Bolivia with no significant differences (p<0.05). The grain quality analysis reported that both presented long and slender rice grains (L>7.5 mm and L/B>3), an intermediate to high amylose content (>25%) and a similar level of chalkiness. In Colombia, the biofortified variety 035 presented a higher score in overall acceptance in comparison to biofortified variety 021 and the local variety CICA4 -control 2-. However, no significant differences were observed (p<0.05). Conversely to the other two varieties, the biofortified variety 035 presented the largest size grain (L/B = 2.97), a lower chalkiness and an amylose content above 25%. This study shows that the grain quality properties of rice have an influence on acceptability and that zinc biofortified rice varieties are accepted by consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Jane Woods
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sonia Gallego-Castillo
- HarvestPlus, c/o The Alliance of Bioversity International and the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Cali, Colombia
| | - Elise F. Talsma
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel Álvarez
- HarvestPlus, c/o The Alliance of Bioversity International and the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Cali, Colombia
- * E-mail:
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17
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Lagerkvist CJ, Mutiso JM, Okello JJ, Muoki P, Oluoch-Kosura W, Heck S. Predictors of Intention to Integrate Biofortified Orange-fleshed Sweetpotato in Child Feeding: A Field Information Experiment in Rural Kenya. Ecol Food Nutr 2020; 59:615-638. [PMID: 32406767 DOI: 10.1080/03670244.2020.1759576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The study assesses the psychosocial predictors of intention to integrate biofortified pro-vitamin A orange-fleshed sweet potato (OFSP) in proper complementary feeding (PCF) among women who received either verbal or verbal and visual demonstrations on OFSP-based foods. A total of 764 randomly selected women grouped into four categories, namely pregnant women, women with infants, women with young children, and potential mothers, participated in this study. Using a structural equation model of predicted intentions based on an extended Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) the study found goal-setting, perceived behavior control, subjective norms, and attitudes had a significant influence on intention to integrate OFSP in PCF. Unexpectedly, knowledge of the various health benefits of OFSP did not positively influence intention. Probabilistic recursive regression was then used to estimate the relationship between the intention to provide PCF practices and its potential antecedents. The results then showed that the model structure and explanatory power was information-specific and also revealing outcome differences by category of women. These results have implications on how interventions targeting the improvement of PCF should be organized and delivered. They underscore the need to segment the audience during nutrition education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl Johan Lagerkvist
- Department of Economics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences , Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Janet Mwende Mutiso
- Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Nairobi , Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Julius Juma Okello
- Social & Nutrition Sciences Division, International Potato Centre , Kampala, Uganda
| | | | | | - Simon Heck
- International Potato Centre , Nairobi, Kenya
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18
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Kairiza T, Kembo G, Pallegedara A, Macheka L. The impact of food fortification on stunting in Zimbabwe: does gender of the household head matter? Nutr J 2020; 19:22. [PMID: 32204711 PMCID: PMC7092424 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-020-00541-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background High prevalence of stunting in children under 5 years poses a major threat to child development in developing countries. It is associated with micronutrient deficiency arising from poor diets fed to children under 5 years. Food fortification is amongst the interventions focused at reducing the incidence of stunting in children under 5 years. Methods Using a large-scale household data from Zimbabwe, we investigated the gender-based importance of household adoption of food fortification on the proportion of stunted children in the household. We employed propensity score matching to mitigate self-selection bias associated with household adoption of food fortification. Results We offer three major findings. Firstly, we find statistically weak evidence that female headed households are more likely to adopt food fortification than their male counterparts. Secondly, food fortification reduces the proportion of stunted children in the household. Finally, in comparison to non-adopters, female headed households that adopt food fortification are more able to reduce the proportion of stunted children in their households than their male counterparts. Conclusion The results highlight the need for policy makers to actively promote food fortification, as such interventions are likely to contribute to the reduction of stunting and to involve men in fortification interventions to improve on their knowledge and appreciation of fortified foods and the associated benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terrence Kairiza
- Department of Economics, Bindura University of Science Education, P. Bag 1020, Bindura, Zimbabwe
| | - George Kembo
- Food and Nutrition Council of Zimbabwe, 1574 Alpes Road, Hatcliffe, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Asankha Pallegedara
- Department of Industrial Management, Wayamba University of Sri Lanka and Chair of Development Economics, Passau University, Passau, Germany.
| | - Lesley Macheka
- Centre for Innovation and Technology Transfer, Marondera University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, P. Bag 35, Marondera, Zimbabwe
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19
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Prasanna BM, Palacios-Rojas N, Hossain F, Muthusamy V, Menkir A, Dhliwayo T, Ndhlela T, San Vicente F, Nair SK, Vivek BS, Zhang X, Olsen M, Fan X. Molecular Breeding for Nutritionally Enriched Maize: Status and Prospects. Front Genet 2020; 10:1392. [PMID: 32153628 PMCID: PMC7046684 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.01392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Maize is a major source of food security and economic development in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), Latin America, and the Caribbean, and is among the top three cereal crops in Asia. Yet, maize is deficient in certain essential amino acids, vitamins, and minerals. Biofortified maize cultivars enriched with essential minerals and vitamins could be particularly impactful in rural areas with limited access to diversified diet, dietary supplements, and fortified foods. Significant progress has been made in developing, testing, and deploying maize cultivars biofortified with quality protein maize (QPM), provitamin A, and kernel zinc. In this review, we outline the status and prospects of developing nutritionally enriched maize by successfully harnessing conventional and molecular marker-assisted breeding, highlighting the need for intensification of efforts to create greater impacts on malnutrition in maize-consuming populations, especially in the low- and middle-income countries. Molecular marker-assisted selection methods are particularly useful for improving nutritional traits since conventional breeding methods are relatively constrained by the cost and throughput of nutritional trait phenotyping.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Firoz Hossain
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India
| | - Vignesh Muthusamy
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India
| | - Abebe Menkir
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mike Olsen
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Xingming Fan
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences (YAAS), Kunming, China
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20
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Sestili F, Garcia-Molina MD, Gambacorta G, Beleggia R, Botticella E, De Vita P, Savatin DV, Masci S, Lafiandra D. Provitamin A Biofortification of Durum Wheat through a TILLING Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E5703. [PMID: 31739436 PMCID: PMC6888361 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Macro- and micronutrients, essential for the maintenance of human metabolism, are assimilated daily through the diet. Wheat and other major cereals are a good source of nutrients, such as carbohydrates and proteins, but cannot supply a sufficient amount of essential micronutrients, including provitamin A. As vitamin A deficiency (VAD) leads to several serious diseases throughout the world, the biofortification of a major staple crop, such as wheat, represents an effective way to preserve human health in developing countries. In the present work, a key enzyme involved in the branch of carotenoids pathway producing β-carotene, lycopene epsilon cyclase, has been targeted by a Targeting Induced Local Lesions in Genomes (TILLING) approach in a "block strategy" perspective. The null mutant genotype showed a strong reduction in the expression of the lcyE gene and also interesting pleiotropic effects on an enzyme (β-ring hydroxylase) acting downstream in the pathway. Biochemical profiling of carotenoids in the wheat mutant lines showed an increase of roughly 75% in β-carotene in the grains of the complete mutant line compared with the control. In conclusion, we describe here the production and characterization of a new wheat line biofortified with provitamin A obtained through a nontransgenic approach, which also sheds new light on the molecular mechanism governing carotenoid biosynthesis in durum wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Sestili
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences, University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy; (F.S.); (M.D.G.-M.); (G.G.); (E.B.); (D.V.S.); (S.M.)
| | - Maria Dolores Garcia-Molina
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences, University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy; (F.S.); (M.D.G.-M.); (G.G.); (E.B.); (D.V.S.); (S.M.)
| | - Gianluca Gambacorta
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences, University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy; (F.S.); (M.D.G.-M.); (G.G.); (E.B.); (D.V.S.); (S.M.)
| | - Romina Beleggia
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops (CREA-CI), 71122 Foggia, Italy; (R.B.); (P.D.V.)
| | - Ermelinda Botticella
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences, University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy; (F.S.); (M.D.G.-M.); (G.G.); (E.B.); (D.V.S.); (S.M.)
| | - Pasquale De Vita
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops (CREA-CI), 71122 Foggia, Italy; (R.B.); (P.D.V.)
| | - Daniel Valentin Savatin
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences, University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy; (F.S.); (M.D.G.-M.); (G.G.); (E.B.); (D.V.S.); (S.M.)
| | - Stefania Masci
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences, University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy; (F.S.); (M.D.G.-M.); (G.G.); (E.B.); (D.V.S.); (S.M.)
| | - Domenico Lafiandra
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences, University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy; (F.S.); (M.D.G.-M.); (G.G.); (E.B.); (D.V.S.); (S.M.)
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21
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Hama-Ba F, Mouquet-Rivier C, Diawara B, Weltzien E, Icard-Vernière C. Traditional African Dishes Prepared From Local Biofortified Varieties of Pearl Millet: Acceptability and Potential Contribution to Iron and Zinc Intakes of Burkinabe Young Children. Front Nutr 2019; 6:115. [PMID: 31475149 PMCID: PMC6702452 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2019.00115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofortification is among the food-based strategies, recently implemented and still in development, to fight micronutrient deficiencies. Three cereal-based traditional dishes of Sub-Saharan Africa (tô paste, pancakes, and gruel) prepared from one local (Gampela), or two biofortified (GB 8735 and Tabi) varieties of millet were assessed for their (i) acceptability by local consumers, (ii) iron and zinc absorption predicted by phytate-to-mineral molar ratios and (iii) contribution to the iron and zinc requirements of young children. Tasters preferred the color, texture, and taste of dishes prepared with the local variety, whether or not the grains were decorticated. Hedonic and preference tests showed no significant difference between the two biofortified varieties, but the cooks reported different behaviors during processing. Biofortified millet contained up to two times more iron than the local variety, reaching 6.5 mg iron/100 g dry matter. Iron and zinc contents remained higher in biofortified varieties even after decortication. Iron content in the dishes was highly variable, depending on iron loss and potential contamination during processing. The phytate-to-mineral molar ratios of all dishes indicated low iron absorption, independent of the millet variety, but improved zinc absorption in dishes prepared with biofortified varieties. The contribution of a dish prepared with one of the two biofortified millet varieties to the recommended iron and zinc intakes for 6–11-month-old children was estimated to be about 5 and 7%, respectively, compared to 2 and 4% for the same dish prepared with local millet. For 12–23-month-old children, the contribution to the recommended intakes was estimated to be about 14 and 12% with biofortified millet, respectively, and about 6 and 7% with local millet. The use of biofortified millet varieties could be complementary to food diversification strategies to increase iron and zinc intakes. As in Ouagadougou, cereals are eaten in different forms by young children several times per day, iron and zinc intakes could be improved in the long term by using the biofortified varieties of pearl millet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatoumata Hama-Ba
- Département de Technologie Alimentaire, IRSAT, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | | | - Bréhima Diawara
- Département de Technologie Alimentaire, IRSAT, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Eva Weltzien
- Honorary Fellow, Agronomy Department, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, AL, United States
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22
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Gannon BM, Thakker V, Bonam VS, Haas JD, Bonam W, Finkelstein JL, Udipi SA, Mehta S. A Randomized Crossover Study to Evaluate Recipe Acceptability in Breastfeeding Mothers and Young Children in India Targeted for a Multiple Biofortified Food Crop Intervention. Food Nutr Bull 2019; 40:460-470. [PMID: 31359782 PMCID: PMC7473068 DOI: 10.1177/0379572119855588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background A multiple biofortified food crop trial targeting iron, zinc, and vitamin A deficiencies among young children and their breastfeeding mothers is planned in India. Objective To determine the acceptability of recipes prepared with control and biofortified pearl millet, wheat, lentils, and sweet potato. Methods Children (6-24 months) and their mothers were enrolled as pairs (n = 52). Weight and height/length were determined. Mothers and children were separately, individually randomized in a crossover design to control or biofortified recipes. Children’s 3-day intake was measured per recipe and crop variety. For mothers, a 9-point hedonic scale evaluated color, odor, taste, and overall acceptability. Results Children’s mean (SD) length-/height-for-age Z-score was −1.2 (1.7), with 27% < −2 (stunted). Mean weight-for-length Z-score was −0.6 (1.2) with 9.6% < −2 (wasted). Mother’s body mass index showed 17% <18.5 and 38% >25. There was no difference in the children’s intake of biofortified versus control varieties of any recipe (P ≥ .22); overall median daily intake was 75 g (Q1: 61, Q3: 100). Mother’s hedonic scores for color, odor, taste, or overall acceptability did not demonstrate any notable differences (P ≥ .23 for overall acceptability); combined median overall acceptability score was 8.5 (Q1: 8.0, Q3: 9.0). Conclusions Recipes were consumed readily, were rated as highly acceptable, and did not show any differences between biofortified and control varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan M Gannon
- Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.,Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Global Health, and Technology (INSiGHT), Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Varsha Thakker
- SNDT Women's University, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.,Kasturba Health Society, Medical Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Vincent S Bonam
- Arogyavaram Medical Centre, Madanapalle, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | | | - Wesley Bonam
- Arogyavaram Medical Centre, Madanapalle, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Julia L Finkelstein
- Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.,Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Global Health, and Technology (INSiGHT), Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Shobha A Udipi
- SNDT Women's University, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.,Kasturba Health Society, Medical Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Saurabh Mehta
- Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.,Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Global Health, and Technology (INSiGHT), Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
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Govender L, Pillay K, Siwela M, Modi AT, Mabhaudhi T. Improving the Dietary Vitamin A Content of Rural Communities in South Africa by Replacing Non-Biofortified white Maize and Sweet Potato with Biofortified Maize and Sweet Potato in Traditional Dishes. Nutrients 2019; 11:E1198. [PMID: 31141908 PMCID: PMC6628247 DOI: 10.3390/nu11061198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofortification of staple crops has a potential for addressing micronutrient deficiencies, such as vitamin A deficiency (VAD), which are prevalent in South Africa. The poor acceptability of provitamin A (PVA)-biofortified foods could be improved by combining them with other food items to produce modified traditional dishes. The nutritional composition of the dishes could also be improved by the modification. The study aimed to investigate the effect of replacing white maize and cream-fleshed sweet potato (CFSP)] with PVA-biofortified maize and orange-fleshed sweet potato (OFSP) on the nutritional composition of South African traditional dishes. The protein, fibre, total mineral (ash), lysine, and iron concentrations of the PVA maize phutu (traditional porridge) composite dishes (control), were not significantly different (P > 0.05) from those of white maize phutu composite dishes. However, the PVA concentration of PVA maize phutu composite dishes was higher than that of the white phutu composite dishes (P > 0.05). The OFSP had a significantly lower protein concentration, but a significantly higher (P > 0.05) fibre, ash, lysine, isoleucine, leucine, and PVA concentration, relative to the CFSP. The findings indicate that composite dishes in which white maize is replaced with PVA-biofortified maize, and switching over from CFSP to OFSP, would contribute to combating VAD in South Africa, and in other developing counties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurencia Govender
- Dietetics and Human Nutrition, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, Pietermaritzburg 3201, South Africa.
| | - Kirthee Pillay
- Dietetics and Human Nutrition, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, Pietermaritzburg 3201, South Africa.
| | - Muthulisi Siwela
- Dietetics and Human Nutrition, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, Pietermaritzburg 3201, South Africa.
| | - Albert Thembinkosi Modi
- Centre for Transformative Agricultural and Food Systems, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, Pietermaritzburg 3201, South Africa.
| | - Tafadzwanashe Mabhaudhi
- Centre for Transformative Agricultural and Food Systems, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, Pietermaritzburg 3201, South Africa.
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Viktorova J, Klcova B, Rehorova K, Vlcko T, Stankova L, Jelenova N, Cejnar P, Kundu JK, Ohnoutkova L, Macek T. Recombinant expression of osmotin in barley improves stress resistance and food safety during adverse growing conditions. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0212718. [PMID: 31075104 PMCID: PMC6510477 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0212718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although many genetic manipulations of crops providing biofortified or safer food have been done, the acceptance of biotechnology crops still remains limited. We report on a transgenic barley expressing the multi-functional protein osmotin that improves plant defense under stress conditions. METHODS An Agrobacterium-mediated technique was used to transform immature embryos of the spring barley cultivar Golden Promise. Transgenic barley plants of the T0 and T1 generation were evaluated by molecular methods. Transgenic barley tolerance to stress was determined by chlorophyll, total protein, malondialdehyde and ascorbate peroxidase content. Methanol extracts of i) Fusarium oxysporum infected or ii) salt-stressed plants, were characterized by their acute toxicity effect on human dermal fibroblasts (HDF), genotoxicity and affection of biodiversity interactions, which was tested through monitoring barley natural virus pathogen-host interactions-the BYDV and WDV viruses transmitted to the plants by aphids and leafhoppers. RESULTS Transgenic plants maintained the same level of chlorophyll and protein, which significantly declined in wild-type barley under the same stressful conditions. Salt stress evoked higher ascorbate peroxidase level and correspondingly less malondialdehyde. Osmotin expressing barley extracts exhibited a lower cytotoxicity effect of statistical significance than that of wild-type plants under both types of stress tested on human dermal fibroblasts. Extract of Fusarium oxysporum infected transgenic barley was not able to damage DNA in the Comet assay, which is in opposite to control plants. Moreover, this particular barley did not affect the local biodiversity. CONCLUSION Our findings provide a new perspective that could help to evaluate the safety of products from genetically modified crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitka Viktorova
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Klcova
- Department of Chemical Biology and Genetics, Centre of the Region Hana for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Katerina Rehorova
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Vlcko
- Department of Chemical Biology and Genetics, Centre of the Region Hana for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Stankova
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Nikola Jelenova
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Cejnar
- Division of Crop Protection and Plant Health, Crop Research Institute, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiban Kumar Kundu
- Division of Crop Protection and Plant Health, Crop Research Institute, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ludmila Ohnoutkova
- Department of Chemical Biology and Genetics, Centre of the Region Hana for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Macek
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Czech Republic
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OWADE JOSHUAOMBAKA, ABONG GEORGEOOKO, OKOTH MICHAELWANDAYI. Production, Utilization and Nutritional benefits of Orange Fleshed Sweetpotato (OFSP) Puree Bread: A Review. CURRENT RESEARCH IN NUTRITION AND FOOD SCIENCE JOURNAL 2018. [DOI: 10.12944/crnfsj.6.3.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Bread though an exotic food product in sub-Saharan Africa, has been an important cereal product consumed by most individuals among the vast Sub-Saharan African population. Bread formulations in both the local and industrial production have evolved. The latest and emerging technology in bread formulation involve the incorporation of orange-fleshed sweetpotato (OFSP) puree. OFSP puree-based bread is commercially available across sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and is being promoted due to the potential nutritional benefits that it possesses. Together with OFSP flour based bread, OFSP puree based bread serves as a good food vehicle for β-carotene; this serves to alleviate vitamin A deficiency (VAD) especially among the vulnerable population in SSA. The production of OFSP puree based bread has so far been relying on fresh OFSP puree or cold-chain stored OFSP puree. However, this has presented economic challenges and problems to the sustainability and expansion in OFSP puree bread production. Cold chain stored OFSP puree is capital intensive and has inconsistent supply. With the development of shelf-storable preservative treated OFSP puree, most of these challenges will be overcome without undoing the currently harnessed benefits. The use of OFSP puree in bread baking can then be expanded easily at minimal production costs and maximum retention of nutritional quality. Therefore, the use of the shelf-storable OFSP puree in bread baking needs to be evaluated further to present a substantiated case for its use. The current review has been developed with focus on the scientific advances in the production of OFSP puree based bread from both historical and a forecast perspective. The scientific progress and breakthroughs in the use of OFSP puree in bread are critically reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- JOSHUA OMBAKA OWADE
- Department of Food Science, Nutrition and Technology, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 29053-00625, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - GEORGE OOKO ABONG
- Department of Food Science, Nutrition and Technology, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 29053-00625, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - MICHAEL WANDAYI OKOTH
- Department of Food Science, Nutrition and Technology, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 29053-00625, Nairobi, Kenya
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Hummel M, Talsma EF, Van der Honing A, Gama AC, Van Vugt D, Brouwer ID, Spillane C. Sensory and cultural acceptability tradeoffs with nutritional content of biofortified orange-fleshed sweetpotato varieties among households with children in Malawi. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0204754. [PMID: 30335772 PMCID: PMC6193634 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biofortified orange-fleshed sweetpotato (OFSP) varieties are being promoted to reduce vitamin A deficiencies due to their higher beta-carotene content. For OFSP varieties to have impact they need to be accepted and consumed at scale amongst populations suffering from vitamin A deficiencies. OBJECTIVE We investigated the sensory and cultural acceptability of OFSP varieties amongst households with children aged between 2-5 years old in two areas in Central and Southern Malawi using an integrated model of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and the Health Belief Model (HBM). METHODS Sensory acceptability was measured using a triangle, preference and acceptance test using three OFSP varieties and one control variety, among 270 adults and 60 children. Based on a food ethnographic study, a questionnaire on cultural acceptability was developed and administered to 302 caretakers. Data were analyzed by calculating Spearman's correlations between constructs and multiple linear regression modeling. RESULTS The sensory evaluation indicates that all three OFSP varieties are accepted (scores >3 on 5-point scale), but there is a preference for the control variety over the three OFSP varieties. Almost all caretakers are intending to frequently prepare OFSP for their child in future (97%). Based on regression analysis, the constructs 'subjective norms' (β = 0.25, p = 0.00) reflecting social pressure, and 'attitudes toward behavior' (β = 0.14 p = 0.01), reflecting the feelings towards serving their child OFSP, were the best predictors for caretakers' behavior to prepare OFSP for their child. CONCLUSIONS Our study shows that both sensory and cultural attributes can influence acceptability of varieties and consumption amongst households with children. Considering these attributes can improve the impact of biofortified crops in future programming, by reducing Vitamin A deficiencies through the intake of these nutrient-rich crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marijke Hummel
- Plant & AgriBiosciences Research Centre (PABC), Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
- International Potato Center (CIP), Lilongwe, Malawi
| | - Elise F. Talsma
- Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Harvest Plus, International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Cali, Colombia
| | - Ati Van der Honing
- Harvest Plus, International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Cali, Colombia
| | | | | | - Inge D. Brouwer
- Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Charles Spillane
- Plant & AgriBiosciences Research Centre (PABC), Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
- * E-mail:
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Bechoff A, Chijioke U, Westby A, Tomlins KI. 'Yellow is good for you': Consumer perception and acceptability of fortified and biofortified cassava products. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0203421. [PMID: 30216344 PMCID: PMC6138417 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0203421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin A, an essential micronutrient for health, can be obtained from various food sources including cassava products made from either traditional white cassava varieties fortified with red palm oil containing provitamin A, or new high provitamin A biofortified yellow cassava varieties. Both products have a similar yellow appearance due to the coloured pigmentation of provitamin A. Using a range of methods to provide a comprehensive understanding of sensory acceptability (blind triangle test, sensory profiling, hedonic preference that included Check-all-that-applies and Just-about-right tests), we tested the acceptability and nutritional perception of traditional West-African food dough-like products (eba and fufu) made from biofortified, fortified, or control products made with non-fortified white cassava (n = 7) at three suburban locations near Ibadan, Nigeria on a total of 122 consumers. Biofortified, fortified, and control products could be differentiated blindly confirming that products clearly differed with respect to other sensory characteristics than appearance. Overall biofortified products were better accepted than control and fortified ones. Three classes of consumer preference were identified based on the dislike for control and fortified products, which indicated that acceptance of biofortified products was not a hindrance. On the contrary the traditional fortified product had poorer acceptance and this was due to its less desirable sensory characteristics as demonstrated by Just-about-right Penalty analysis. A majority of consumers (85%) had previous knowledge of biofortified cassava. Consumers associated ‘yellow colour’ with ‘good for eyesight’, ‘good for children’s health’ and ‘new’. More nutritional benefits were attributed to biofortified than fortified products although they had similar provitamin A contents and this demonstrates a bias. We suggest that nutrition promotion campaigns to improve the vitamin A status should also encompass all natural sources of provitamin A, including biofortified and traditional fortified products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Bechoff
- Natural Resources Institute (NRI), University of Greenwich, Chatham, Kent, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Ugo Chijioke
- National Root Crop Research Institute, Umudike, Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria
| | - Andrew Westby
- Natural Resources Institute (NRI), University of Greenwich, Chatham, Kent, United Kingdom
| | - Keith Ian Tomlins
- Natural Resources Institute (NRI), University of Greenwich, Chatham, Kent, United Kingdom
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Olum S, Gellynck X, Okello C, Webale D, Odongo W, Ongeng D, De Steur H. Stakeholders' Perceptions of Agronomic Iodine Biofortification: A SWOT-AHP Analysis in Northern Uganda. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10040407. [PMID: 29587370 PMCID: PMC5946192 DOI: 10.3390/nu10040407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Agronomic biofortification (i.e., the application of fertilizer to elevate micronutrient concentrations in staple crops) is a recent strategy recommended for controlling Iodine Deficiency Disorders (IDDs). However, its success inevitably depends on stakeholders’ appreciation and acceptance of it. By taking Northern Uganda as a case, this study aimed to capture and compare the perceptions of seven key stakeholder groups with respect to agronomic iodine biofortification. Therefore, we employed a SWOT (Strength, Weaknesses, Opportunities & Threats) analysis in combination with an Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Findings show that stakeholders (n = 56) are generally positive about agronomic iodine biofortification in Uganda, as its strengths and opportunities outweighed weaknesses and threats. Cultural acceptance and effectiveness are considered the most important strengths while the high IDD prevalence rate and the availability of iodine deficient soils are key opportunities for further developing agronomic iodine biofortification. Environmental concerns about synthetic fertilizers as well as the time needed to supply iodine were considered crucial weaknesses. The limited use of fertilizer in Uganda was the main threat. While this study provides insight into important issues and priorities for iodine biofortification technology in Uganda, including differences in stakeholder views, the application of the SWOT-AHP method will guide future researchers and health planners conducting stakeholder analysis in similar domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solomon Olum
- Department of Agricultural Economics, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
- Department of Food Science and Postharvest Technology, Gulu University, P.O. Box 166, Gulu, Uganda.
| | - Xavier Gellynck
- Department of Agricultural Economics, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Collins Okello
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Gulu University, P.O. Box 166, Gulu, Uganda.
| | - Dominic Webale
- Department of Rural Development and Agribusiness, Gulu University, P.O. Box 166, Gulu, Uganda.
- School of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Mountains of the Moon University, Fort Portal, Uganda.
| | - Walter Odongo
- Department of Agricultural Economics, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
- Department of Rural Development and Agribusiness, Gulu University, P.O. Box 166, Gulu, Uganda.
| | - Duncan Ongeng
- Department of Food Science and Postharvest Technology, Gulu University, P.O. Box 166, Gulu, Uganda.
| | - Hans De Steur
- Department of Agricultural Economics, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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