1
|
Cheng Q, Zeng Y, Huang S, Yang C, Xie Y, Shen WH, Li L. PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR 7 and RELATIVE OF EARLY FLOWERING 6 act in shade avoidance memory in Arabidopsis. Nat Commun 2024; 15:8032. [PMID: 39271649 PMCID: PMC11399251 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51834-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Shade avoidance helps plants maximize their access to light for growth under crowding. It is unknown, however, whether a priming shade avoidance mechanism exists that allows plants to respond more effectively to successive shade conditions. Here, we show that the shade-intolerant plant Arabidopsis can remember a first experienced shade event and respond more efficiently to the next event on hypocotyl elongation. The transcriptional regulator PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR 7 (PIF7) and the histone H3K27-demethylase RELATIVE OF EARLY FLOWERING 6 (REF6) are identified as being required for this shade avoidance memory. RNA-sequencing analysis reveals that shade induction of shade-memory-related genes is impaired in the pif7 and ref6 mutants. Based on the analyses of enrichments of H3K27me3, REF6 and PIF7, we find that priming shade treatment induces PIF7 accumulation, which further recruits REF6 to demethylate H3K27me3 on the chromatin of certain shade-memory-related genes, leading to a state poised for their transcription. Upon a second shade treatment, enhanced shade-mediated inductions of these genes result in stronger hypocotyl growth responses. We conclude that the transcriptional memory mediated by epigenetic modification plays a key role in the ability of primed plants to remember previously experienced shade and acquire enhanced responses to recurring shade conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qican Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Plants Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Plants Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Sha Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Plants Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanwei Yang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, Institute of Biodiversity Science, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Plants Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Hui Shen
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Lin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Plants Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Guo Y, Wang Z, Jiao Z, Yuan G, Cui L, Duan P, Niu J, Lv P, Wang J, Shi Y. Genome-Wide Identification of Sorghum Paclobutrazol-Resistance Gene Family and Functional Characterization of SbPRE4 in Response to Aphid Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7257. [PMID: 39000365 PMCID: PMC11241634 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), the fifth most important cereal crop globally, serves as a staple food, animal feed, and a bioenergy source. Paclobutrazol-Resistance (PRE) genes play a pivotal role in the response to environmental stress, yet the understanding of their involvement in pest resistance remains limited. In the present study, a total of seven SbPRE genes were found within the sorghum BTx623 genome. Subsequently, their genomic location was studied, and they were distributed on four chromosomes. An analysis of cis-acting elements in SbPRE promoters revealed that various elements were associated with hormones and stress responses. Expression pattern analysis showed differentially tissue-specific expression profiles among SbPRE genes. The expression of some SbPRE genes can be induced by abiotic stress and aphid treatments. Furthermore, through phytohormones and transgenic analyses, we demonstrated that SbPRE4 improves sorghum resistance to aphids by accumulating jasmonic acids (JAs) in transgenic Arabidopsis, giving insights into the molecular and biological function of atypical basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors in sorghum pest resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongchao Guo
- Institute of Millet Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture & Forestry Sciences/Hebei Branch of China National Sorghum Improvement Center, Shijiazhuang 050035, China; (Y.G.); (Z.W.); (Z.J.); (G.Y.); (J.N.); (P.L.)
| | - Zhifang Wang
- Institute of Millet Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture & Forestry Sciences/Hebei Branch of China National Sorghum Improvement Center, Shijiazhuang 050035, China; (Y.G.); (Z.W.); (Z.J.); (G.Y.); (J.N.); (P.L.)
| | - Zhiyin Jiao
- Institute of Millet Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture & Forestry Sciences/Hebei Branch of China National Sorghum Improvement Center, Shijiazhuang 050035, China; (Y.G.); (Z.W.); (Z.J.); (G.Y.); (J.N.); (P.L.)
| | - Guang Yuan
- Institute of Millet Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture & Forestry Sciences/Hebei Branch of China National Sorghum Improvement Center, Shijiazhuang 050035, China; (Y.G.); (Z.W.); (Z.J.); (G.Y.); (J.N.); (P.L.)
| | - Li Cui
- Hebei Plant Protection and Plant Inspection Station, Shijiazhuang 050035, China;
| | - Pengwei Duan
- Hebei Academy of Agriculture & Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050035, China;
| | - Jingtian Niu
- Institute of Millet Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture & Forestry Sciences/Hebei Branch of China National Sorghum Improvement Center, Shijiazhuang 050035, China; (Y.G.); (Z.W.); (Z.J.); (G.Y.); (J.N.); (P.L.)
| | - Peng Lv
- Institute of Millet Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture & Forestry Sciences/Hebei Branch of China National Sorghum Improvement Center, Shijiazhuang 050035, China; (Y.G.); (Z.W.); (Z.J.); (G.Y.); (J.N.); (P.L.)
| | - Jinping Wang
- Institute of Millet Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture & Forestry Sciences/Hebei Branch of China National Sorghum Improvement Center, Shijiazhuang 050035, China; (Y.G.); (Z.W.); (Z.J.); (G.Y.); (J.N.); (P.L.)
| | - Yannan Shi
- Institute of Millet Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture & Forestry Sciences/Hebei Branch of China National Sorghum Improvement Center, Shijiazhuang 050035, China; (Y.G.); (Z.W.); (Z.J.); (G.Y.); (J.N.); (P.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Carrera-Castaño G, Mira S, Fañanás-Pueyo I, Sánchez-Montesino R, Contreras Á, Weiste C, Dröge-Laser W, Gómez L, Oñate-Sánchez L. Complex control of seed germination timing by ERF50 involves RGL2 antagonism and negative feedback regulation of DOG1. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 242:2026-2042. [PMID: 38494681 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Seed dormancy governs germination timing, with both evolutionary and applied consequences. Despite extensive studies on the hormonal and genetic control of these processes, molecular mechanisms directly linking dormancy and germination remain poorly understood. By screening a collection of lines overexpressing Arabidopsis transcription factors, we identified ERF50 as a key gene to control dormancy and germination. To study its regulation, we measured seed-related physiological parameters in loss-of-function mutants and carried out transactivation, protein interaction and ChIP-PCR analyses. We found direct ERF50-mediated repression of DOG1 and activation of EXPA2 transcription, which results in enhanced seed germination. Although ERF50 expression is increased by DOG1 in dormant seeds, ERF50 germination-promoting activity is blocked by RGL2. The physiological, genetic and molecular evidence gathered here supports that ERF50 controls germination timing by regulating DOG1 levels to leverage its role as enhancer of seed germination, via RGL2 antagonism on EXPA2 expression. Our results highlight the central role of ERF50 as a feedback regulator to couple and fine-tune seed dormancy and germination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo Carrera-Castaño
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP, UPM-INIA) Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA, CSIC), Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, 28223, Spain
| | - Sara Mira
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP, UPM-INIA) Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA, CSIC), Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, 28223, Spain
- Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - Iris Fañanás-Pueyo
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP, UPM-INIA) Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA, CSIC), Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, 28223, Spain
| | - Rocío Sánchez-Montesino
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP, UPM-INIA) Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA, CSIC), Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, 28223, Spain
| | - Ángela Contreras
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP, UPM-INIA) Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA, CSIC), Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, 28223, Spain
| | - Christoph Weiste
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Biology, Biocenter, Julius-von-Sachs-Institute, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, 97082, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Dröge-Laser
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Biology, Biocenter, Julius-von-Sachs-Institute, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, 97082, Germany
| | - Luis Gómez
- Departamento de Sistemas y Recursos Naturales, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Montes, Forestal y del Medio Natural, 28040, Madrid, Spain
- Centro para la Conservación de la Biodiversidad y el Desarrollo Sostenible, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Montes, Forestal y del Medio Natural, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - Luis Oñate-Sánchez
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP, UPM-INIA) Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA, CSIC), Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, 28223, Spain
- Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Madrid, 28040, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Gao S, Yin M, Xu M, Zhang H, Li S, Han Y, Ji S, Li X, Du G. Transcription factors PuPRE6/PuMYB12 and histone deacetylase PuHDAC9-like regulate sucrose levels in pear. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 194:1577-1592. [PMID: 38006319 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
The improvement of fruit quality, in particular sugar content, has been a major goal of plant breeding programmes for many years. Here, 2 varieties of the Ussurian pear (Pyrus ussuriensis), Nanguo, and its high-sucrose accumulation bud sport, Nanhong, were used to study the molecular mechanisms regulating sucrose transport in fruits. Comparative transcriptome analysis showed that in Nanhong fruit, an MYB transcription factor, PuMYB12, and a sucrose transporter protein, PuSUT4-like, were expressed at higher levels, while a paclobutrazol resistance transcription factor, PuPRE6, and a histone deacetylase (HDAC), PuHDAC9-like, were expressed at lower levels in Nanguo fruit. PuSUT4-like silencing and overexpression experiments in Nanguo pear showed that PuSUT4-like is essential for sucrose transportation. PuPRE6 and PuMYB12 act as antagonistic complexes to regulate PuSUT4-like transcription and sucrose accumulation. The histone deacetylation levels of the PuMYB12 and PuSUT4-like promoters were higher in Nanguo fruit than in Nanhong fruit, and Y1H assays showed that HDAC PuHDAC9-like bound directly to the promoters of PuMYB12 and PuSUT4-like. Our results uncovered transcription regulation and epigenetic mechanisms underlying sucrose accumulation in pears.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siyang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Fruit Postharvest Biology, Liaoning Province, College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Mingxin Yin
- Key Laboratory of Fruit Postharvest Biology, Liaoning Province, College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Mingyang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Fruit Postharvest Biology, Liaoning Province, College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - He Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Fruit Postharvest Biology, Liaoning Province, College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Shuai Li
- Key Laboratory of Fruit Postharvest Biology, Liaoning Province, College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Yinxiao Han
- Key Laboratory of Fruit Postharvest Biology, Liaoning Province, College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Shujuan Ji
- Department of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Xinyue Li
- Key Laboratory of Fruit Postharvest Biology, Liaoning Province, College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
- Department of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Guodong Du
- Key Laboratory of Fruit Postharvest Biology, Liaoning Province, College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Liu M, Lu M, Zhao Z, Luo Q, Liu F, Zhao J, He Y, Tian Y, Zhan H. Rice ILI atypical bHLH transcription factors antagonize OsbHLH157/OsbHLH158 during brassinosteroid signaling. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 194:1545-1562. [PMID: 38039100 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Brassinosteroids (BRs) are a group of steroid hormones that play crucial roles in plant growth and development. Atypical bHLH transcription factors that lack the basic region for DNA binding have been implicated in BR signaling. However, the underlying mechanisms of atypical bHLHs in regulation of rice (Oryza sativa) BR signaling are still largely unknown. Here, we describe a systematic characterization of INCREASED LEAF INCLINATION (ILI) subfamily atypical bHLH transcription factors in rice. A total of 8 members, ILI1 to ILI8, with substantial sequence similarity were retrieved. Knockout and overexpression analyses demonstrated that these ILIs play unequally redundant and indispensable roles in BR-mediated growth and development in rice, with a more prominent role for ILI4 and ILI5. The ili3/4/5/8 quadruple and ili1/3/4/7/8 quintuple mutants displayed tremendous BR-related defects with severe dwarfism, erect leaves, and sterility. Biochemical analysis showed that ILIs interact with OsbHLH157 and OsbHLH158, which are also atypical bHLHs and have no obvious transcriptional activity. Overexpression of OsbHLH157 and OsbHLH158 led to drastic BR-defective growth, whereas the osbhlh157 osbhlh158 double mutant developed a typical BR-enhanced phenotype, indicating that OsbHLH157 and OsbHLH158 play a major negative role in rice BR signaling. Further transcriptome analyses revealed opposite effects of ILIs and OsbHLH157/OsbHLH158 in regulation of downstream gene expression, supporting the antagonism of ILIs and OsbHLH157/OsbHLH158 in maintaining the balance of BR signaling. Our results provide insights into the mechanism of BR signaling and plant architecture formation in rice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingqian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Mingmin Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ziwei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Qin Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Feng Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yubing He
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Institute of Crop Sciences (ICS), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100081, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, National Nanfan Research Institute (Sanya), CAAS, Sanya 572024, China
| | - Yanan Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Huadong Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Watson AE, Guitton B, Soriano A, Rivallan R, Vignes H, Farrera I, Huettel B, Arnaiz C, Falavigna VDS, Coupel-Ledru A, Segura V, Sarah G, Dufayard JF, Sidibe-Bocs S, Costes E, Andrés F. Target enrichment sequencing coupled with GWAS identifies MdPRX10 as a candidate gene in the control of budbreak in apple. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1352757. [PMID: 38455730 PMCID: PMC10918860 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1352757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
The timing of floral budbreak in apple has a significant effect on fruit production and quality. Budbreak occurs as a result of a complex molecular mechanism that relies on accurate integration of external environmental cues, principally temperature. In the pursuit of understanding this mechanism, especially with respect to aiding adaptation to climate change, a QTL at the top of linkage group (LG) 9 has been identified by many studies on budbreak, but the genes underlying it remain elusive. Here, together with a dessert apple core collection of 239 cultivars, we used a targeted capture sequencing approach to increase SNP resolution in apple orthologues of known or suspected A. thaliana flowering time-related genes, as well as approximately 200 genes within the LG9 QTL interval. This increased the 275 223 SNP Axiom® Apple 480 K array dataset by an additional 40 857 markers. Robust GWAS analyses identified MdPRX10, a peroxidase superfamily gene, as a strong candidate that demonstrated a dormancy-related expression pattern and down-regulation in response to chilling. In-silico analyses also predicted the residue change resulting from the SNP allele associated with late budbreak could alter protein conformation and likely function. Late budbreak cultivars homozygous for this SNP allele also showed significantly up-regulated expression of C-REPEAT BINDING FACTOR (CBF) genes, which are involved in cold tolerance and perception, compared to reference cultivars, such as Gala. Taken together, these results indicate a role for MdPRX10 in budbreak, potentially via redox-mediated signaling and CBF gene regulation. Moving forward, this provides a focus for developing our understanding of the effects of temperature on flowering time and how redox processes may influence integration of external cues in dormancy pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amy E. Watson
- UMR AGAP Institut, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Baptiste Guitton
- UMR AGAP Institut, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Alexandre Soriano
- UMR AGAP Institut, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP Institut, Montpellier, France
- French Institute of Bioinformatics (IFB) - South Green Bioinformatics Platform, Bioversity, CIRAD, INRAE, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Ronan Rivallan
- UMR AGAP Institut, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP Institut, Montpellier, France
| | - Hélène Vignes
- UMR AGAP Institut, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP Institut, Montpellier, France
| | - Isabelle Farrera
- UMR AGAP Institut, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Bruno Huettel
- Genome Centre, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, Germany
| | - Catalina Arnaiz
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Instituto de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Aude Coupel-Ledru
- UMR AGAP Institut, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Vincent Segura
- UMR AGAP Institut, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Gautier Sarah
- UMR AGAP Institut, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-François Dufayard
- UMR AGAP Institut, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP Institut, Montpellier, France
- French Institute of Bioinformatics (IFB) - South Green Bioinformatics Platform, Bioversity, CIRAD, INRAE, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Stéphanie Sidibe-Bocs
- UMR AGAP Institut, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP Institut, Montpellier, France
- French Institute of Bioinformatics (IFB) - South Green Bioinformatics Platform, Bioversity, CIRAD, INRAE, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Evelyne Costes
- UMR AGAP Institut, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Fernando Andrés
- UMR AGAP Institut, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Guo P, Yang Q, Wang Y, Yang Z, Xie Q, Chen G, Chen X, Hu Z. Overexpression of SlPRE3 alters the plant morphologies in Solanum lycopersicum. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2023; 42:1907-1925. [PMID: 37776371 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-023-03070-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Overexpression of SlPRE3 is detrimental to the photosynthesis and alters plant morphology and root development. SlPRE3 interacts with SlAIF1/SlAIF2/SlPAR1/SlIBH1 to regulate cell expansion. Basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors play crucial roles as regulators in plant growth and development. In this study, we isolated and characterized SlPRE3, an atypical bHLH transcription factor gene. SlPRE3 exhibited predominant expression in the root and moderate expression in the senescent leaves. Comparative analysis with the wild type revealed significant differences in plant morphology in the 35S:SlPRE3 lines. These differences included increased internode length, rolling leaves with reduced chlorophyll accumulation, and elongated yet fewer adventitious roots. Additionally, 35S:SlPRE3 lines displayed elevated levels of GA3 (gibberellin A3) and reduced starch accumulation. Furthermore, utilizing the Y2H (Yeast two-hybrid) and the BiFC (Bimolecular Fluorescent Complimentary) techniques, we identified physical interactions between SlPRE3 and SlAIF1 (ATBS1-interacting factor 1)/SlAIF2 (ATBS1-interacting factor 2)/SlPAR1 (PHYTOCHROME RAPIDLY REGULATED 1)/SlIBH1 (ILI1-binding bHLH 1). RNA-seq analysis of root tissues revealed significant alterations in transcript levels of genes involved in gibberellin metabolism and signal transduction, cell expansion, and root development. In summary, our study sheds light on the crucial regulatory role of SlPRE3 in determining plant morphology and root development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pengyu Guo
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Tomato, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Room 521, Campus B, 174 Shapingba Main Street, Chongqing, 400044, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingling Yang
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Tomato, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Room 521, Campus B, 174 Shapingba Main Street, Chongqing, 400044, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunshu Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Tomato, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Room 521, Campus B, 174 Shapingba Main Street, Chongqing, 400044, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhijie Yang
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Tomato, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Room 521, Campus B, 174 Shapingba Main Street, Chongqing, 400044, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiaoli Xie
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Tomato, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Room 521, Campus B, 174 Shapingba Main Street, Chongqing, 400044, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoping Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Tomato, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Room 521, Campus B, 174 Shapingba Main Street, Chongqing, 400044, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuqing Chen
- Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, 11 Shuguanghuayuan Middle Road, Haidian, Beijing, 100097, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zongli Hu
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Tomato, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Room 521, Campus B, 174 Shapingba Main Street, Chongqing, 400044, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Yang Z, Qiao Y, Konakalla NC, Strøbech E, Harris P, Peschel G, Agler-Rosenbaum M, Weber T, Andreasson E, Ding L. Streptomyces alleviate abiotic stress in plant by producing pteridic acids. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7398. [PMID: 37968347 PMCID: PMC10652019 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43177-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Soil microbiota can confer fitness advantages to plants and increase crop resilience to drought and other abiotic stressors. However, there is little evidence on the mechanisms correlating a microbial trait with plant abiotic stress tolerance. Here, we report that Streptomyces effectively alleviate drought and salinity stress by producing spiroketal polyketide pteridic acid H (1) and its isomer F (2), both of which promote root growth in Arabidopsis at a concentration of 1.3 nM under abiotic stress. Transcriptomics profiles show increased expression of multiple stress responsive genes in Arabidopsis seedlings after pteridic acids treatment. We confirm in vivo a bifunctional biosynthetic gene cluster for pteridic acids and antimicrobial elaiophylin production. We propose it is mainly disseminated by vertical transmission and is geographically distributed in various environments. This discovery reveals a perspective for understanding plant-Streptomyces interactions and provides a promising approach for utilising beneficial Streptomyces and their secondary metabolites in agriculture to mitigate the detrimental effects of climate change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhijie Yang
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads, Building 221, 2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Yijun Qiao
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads, Building 221, 2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Naga Charan Konakalla
- Department of Plant Protection Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Sundsvägen 14, SE-230 53, Alnarp, Sweden
| | - Emil Strøbech
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads, Building 221, 2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Pernille Harris
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads, Building 206, 2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Gundela Peschel
- Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology-Hans Knöll Institute (HKI), Beutenbergstr. 11a, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Miriam Agler-Rosenbaum
- Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology-Hans Knöll Institute (HKI), Beutenbergstr. 11a, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Tilmann Weber
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, Building 220, 2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Erik Andreasson
- Department of Plant Protection Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Sundsvägen 14, SE-230 53, Alnarp, Sweden
| | - Ling Ding
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads, Building 221, 2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Li J, Li Q, Wang W, Zhang X, Chu C, Tang X, Zhu B, Xiong L, Zhao Y, Zhou D. DELLA-mediated gene repression is maintained by chromatin modification in rice. EMBO J 2023; 42:e114220. [PMID: 37691541 PMCID: PMC10620761 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2023114220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
DELLA proteins are master regulators of gibberellic acid (GA) signaling through their effects on gene expression. Enhanced DELLA accumulation in rice and wheat varieties has greatly contributed to grain yield increases during the green revolution. However, the molecular basis of DELLA-mediated gene repression remains elusive. In this work, we show that the rice DELLA protein SLENDER RICE1 (SLR1) forms a tripartite complex with Polycomb-repressive complex 2 (PRC2) and the histone deacetylase HDA702 to repress downstream genes by establishing a silent chromatin state. The slr1 mutation and GA signaling resulted in dissociation of PRC2 and HDA702 from GA-inducible genes. Loss-of-function or downregulation of the chromatin regulators impaired SLR1-dependent histone modification and gene repression. Time-resolved analysis of GA signaling revealed that GA-induced transcriptional activation was associated with a rapid increase of H3K9ac followed by H3K27me3 removal. Collectively, these results establish a general epigenetic mechanism for DELLA-mediated gene repression and reveal details of the chromatin dynamics during transcriptional activation stimulated by GA signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Qi Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Wentao Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Xinran Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Chen Chu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Xintian Tang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Bo Zhu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Lizhong Xiong
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Yu Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Dao‐Xiu Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
- Institute of Plant Science Paris‐Saclay (IPS2), CNRS, INRAEUniversity Paris‐SaclayOrsayFrance
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhang M, Feng B, Chen Y, Geng M, Li M, Zheng X, Zhang H, Zhang L, Tan B, Ye X, Wang W, Li J, Cheng J, Feng J. PpIBH1-1 limits internode elongation of peach shoot in a dose-dependent manner. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 330:111630. [PMID: 36787849 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] annual shoots grow up quickly, which limits the lighting and ventilation of an orchard. Atypical bHLH proteins IBH1(INCREASED LEAF INCLINATION1 BINDING bHLH1) play substantial roles in regulating cell elongation and plant stature. In this study, three PpIBH1s (PpIBH1-1/-2/-3) were identified in peach genome and contain a conserved AS domain and a characteristic HLH domain. The transcript levels of three PpIBH1s positively correlated with internode length, which gradually increased from apex to base along the peach shoots. This positive correlation was further confirmed in apple and poplar shoots. And the PpIBH1s gene were highly expressed in the shoot tips collected from twelve dwarf peach cultivars (gid1c mutants). In tissue-specific expression analysis, PpIBH1-1 are more highly expressed in tissues at the growth-arrested stage than cell-elongating. Transgenic Arabidopsis lines showed that different plant heights depending on the dose of PpIBH1-1 transcripts. And the dwarfing PpIBH1-1 transgenic lines were caused by the shorted cell length. PpIBH1-1 interacted with two bHLH factors (PpACE2 and PpLP1). These results suggested that PpIBH1-1 probably prevents internode elongation of peach shoots in a dose-dependent manner. Our work provided a foundation for properly controlling the growth of annual peach branches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University, 95 Wenhua Road, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Beibei Feng
- College of Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University, 95 Wenhua Road, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Yun Chen
- College of Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University, 95 Wenhua Road, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Mingxi Geng
- College of Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University, 95 Wenhua Road, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Ming Li
- College of Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University, 95 Wenhua Road, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Xianbo Zheng
- College of Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University, 95 Wenhua Road, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Haipeng Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University, 95 Wenhua Road, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Langlang Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University, 95 Wenhua Road, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Bin Tan
- College of Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University, 95 Wenhua Road, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Xia Ye
- College of Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University, 95 Wenhua Road, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Wei Wang
- College of Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University, 95 Wenhua Road, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Jidong Li
- College of Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University, 95 Wenhua Road, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Jun Cheng
- College of Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University, 95 Wenhua Road, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Jiancan Feng
- College of Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University, 95 Wenhua Road, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhu Z, Luo M, Li J, Cui B, Liu Z, Fu D, Zhou H, Zhou A. Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals the function of SlPRE2 in multiple phytohormones biosynthesis, signal transduction and stomatal development in tomato. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2023; 42:921-937. [PMID: 37010556 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-023-03001-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Transcriptomic, physiological, and qRT-PCR analysis revealed the potential mechanism by which SlPRE2 regulates plant growth and stomatal size via multiple phytohormone pathways in tomato. Paclobutrazol resistance proteins (PREs) are atypical members of the basic/helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor family that regulate plant morphology, cell size, pigment metabolism and abiotic stress in response to different phytohormones. However, little is known about the network regulatory mechanisms of PREs in plant growth and development in tomato. In this study, the function and mechanism of SlPRE2 in tomato plant growth and development were investigated. The quantitative RT-PCR results showed that the expression of SlPRE2 was regulated by multiple phytohormones and abiotic stresses. It showed light-repressed expression during the photoperiod. The RNA-seq results revealed that SlPRE2 regulated many genes involved in photosynthesis, chlorophyll metabolism, phytohormone metabolism and signaling, and carbohydrate metabolism, suggesting the role of SlPRE2 in gibberellin, brassinosteroid, auxin, cytokinin, abscisic acid and salicylic acid regulated plant development processes. Moreover, SlPRE2 overexpression plants showed widely opened stomata in young leaves, and four genes involved in stomatal development showed altered expression. Overall, the results demonstrated the mechanism by which SlPRE2 regulates phytohormone and stress responses and revealed the function of SlPRE2 in stomatal development in tomato. These findings provide useful clues for understanding the molecular mechanisms of SlPRE2-regulated plant growth and development in tomato.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguo Zhu
- Institute of Jiangxi Oil-Tea Camellia, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, 332000, Jiangxi, China.
- College of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, 332000, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Menglin Luo
- Institute of Jiangxi Oil-Tea Camellia, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, 332000, Jiangxi, China
- College of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, 332000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jialing Li
- Institute of Jiangxi Oil-Tea Camellia, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, 332000, Jiangxi, China
- College of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, 332000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Baolu Cui
- College of Biological Science and Agriculture, Qiannan Normal University for Nationalities, Duyun, 558000, Guizhou, China
| | - Zixin Liu
- Institute of Jiangxi Oil-Tea Camellia, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, 332000, Jiangxi, China
- College of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, 332000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Dapeng Fu
- Institute of Jiangxi Oil-Tea Camellia, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, 332000, Jiangxi, China
- College of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, 332000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Huiwen Zhou
- Institute of Jiangxi Oil-Tea Camellia, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, 332000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Anpei Zhou
- Institute of Jiangxi Oil-Tea Camellia, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, 332000, Jiangxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zheng S, Shin K, Lin W, Wang W, Yang X. Identification and Characterization of PRE Genes in Moso Bamboo ( Phyllostachys edulis). Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24086886. [PMID: 37108050 PMCID: PMC10138968 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24086886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH)/HLH transcription factors are involved in various aspects of the growth and development of plants. Here, we identified four HLH genes, PePRE1-4, in moso bamboo plants that are homologous to Arabidopsis PRE genes. In bamboo seedlings, PePRE1/3 were found to be highly expressed in the internode and lamina joint by using quantitative RT-PCR analysis. In the elongating internode of bamboo shoots, PePRE genes are expressed at higher levels in the basal segment than in the mature top segment. Overexpression of PePREs (PePREs-OX) in Arabidopsis showed longer petioles and hypocotyls, as well as earlier flowering. PePRE1 overexpression restored the phenotype due to the deficiency of AtPRE genes caused by artificial micro-RNA. PePRE1-OX plants showed hypersensitivity to propiconazole treatment compared with the wild type. In addition, PePRE1/3 but not PePRE2/4 proteins accumulated as punctate structures in the cytosol, which was disrupted by the vesicle recycling inhibitor brefeldin A (BFA). PePRE genes have a positive function in the internode elongation of moso bamboo shoots, and overexpression of PePREs genes promotes flowering and growth in Arabidopsis. Our findings provided new insights about the fast-growing mechanism of bamboo shoots and the application of PRE genes from bamboo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sujin Zheng
- College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Kihye Shin
- College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Jeju National University College of Medicine, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Wenxiong Lin
- College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Wenfei Wang
- College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xuelian Yang
- College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Srivastava R, Kobayashi Y, Koyama H, Sahoo L. Cowpea NAC1/NAC2 transcription factors improve growth and tolerance to drought and heat in transgenic cowpea through combined activation of photosynthetic and antioxidant mechanisms. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 65:25-44. [PMID: 36107155 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
NAC (NAM/ATAF1/2/CUC2) transcription factors are central switches of growth and stress responses in plants. However, unpredictable interspecies conservation of function and regulatory targets makes the well-studied NAC orthologs inapt for pulse engineering. The knowledge of suitable NAC candidates in hardy pulses like cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) is still in infancy, hence warrants immediate biotechnological intervention. Here, we showed that overexpression of two native NAC genes (VuNAC1 and VuNAC2) promoted germinative, vegetative, and reproductive growth and conferred multiple abiotic stress tolerance in a commercial cowpea variety. The transgenic lines displayed increased leaf area, thicker stem, nodule-rich denser root system, early flowering, higher pod production (∼3.2-fold and ∼2.1-fold), and greater seed weight (10.3% and 6.0%). In contrast, transient suppression of VuNAC1/2 caused severe growth retardation and flower inhibition. The overexpressor lines showed remarkable tolerance to major yield-declining terminal stresses, such as drought, salinity, heat, and cold, and recovered growth and seed production by boosting photosynthetic activity, water use efficiency, membrane integrity, Na+ /K+ homeostasis, and antioxidant activity. The comparative transcriptome study indicated consolidated activation of genes involved in chloroplast development, photosynthetic complexes, cell division and expansion, cell wall biogenesis, nutrient uptake and metabolism, stress response, abscisic acid, and auxin signaling. Unlike their orthologs, VuNAC1/2 direct synergistic transcriptional tuning of stress and developmental signaling to avoid unwanted trade-offs. Their overexpression governs the favorable interplay of photosynthesis and reactive oxygen species regulation to improve stress recovery, nutritional sufficiency, biomass, and production. This unconventional balance of strong stress tolerance and agronomic quality is useful for translational crop research and molecular breeding of pulses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richa Srivastava
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Yuriko Kobayashi
- Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1, Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193,, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Koyama
- Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1, Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193,, Japan
| | - Lingaraj Sahoo
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Jiang H, Chen Y, Liu Y, Shang J, Sun X, Du J. Multifaceted roles of the ERECTA family in plant organ morphogenesis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:7208-7218. [PMID: 36056777 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Receptor-like kinases (RLKs) can participate in multiple signalling pathways and are considered one of the most critical components of the early events of intercellular signalling. As an RLK, the ERECTA family (ERf), which comprises ERECTA (ER), ERECTA-Like1 (ERL1), and ERECTA-Like2 (ERL2) in Arabidopsis, regulates multiple signalling pathways in plant growth and development. Despite its indispensability, detailed information on ERf-manipulated signalling pathways remains elusive. In this review, we attempt to summarize the essential roles of the ERf in plant organ morphogenesis, including shoot apical meristem, stem, and reproductive organ development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hengke Jiang
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Research Center for Modern Agriculture of the Middle East, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yuhui Chen
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Research Center for Modern Agriculture of the Middle East, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yuhan Liu
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Research Center for Modern Agriculture of the Middle East, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jing Shang
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Research Center for Modern Agriculture of the Middle East, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xin Sun
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Research Center for Modern Agriculture of the Middle East, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Junbo Du
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Research Center for Modern Agriculture of the Middle East, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Guan Y, Ding L, Jiang J, Jia D, Li S, Jin L, Zhao W, Zhang X, Song A, Chen S, Wang H, Ding B, Chen F. The TIFY family protein CmJAZ1-like negatively regulates petal size via interaction with the bHLH transcription factor CmBPE2 in Chrysanthemum morifolium. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 112:1489-1506. [PMID: 36377371 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Petals are the second floral whorl of angiosperms, exhibiting astonishing diversity in their size between and within species. This variation is essential for protecting their inner reproductive organs and attracting pollinators for fertilization. However, currently, the genetic and developmental control of petal size remains unexplored. Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium) belongs to the Asteraceae family, the largest group of angiosperms, and the extraordinary diversity of petal size in chrysanthemums makes it an ideal model for exploring the regulation mechanism of petal size. Here, we reveal that overexpression of a JAZ repressor CmJAZ1-like exhibits decreased petal size compared to that of the wild-type as a result of repressed cell expansion. Through further in-depth exploration, we confirm an interaction pair between CmJAZ1-like and the bHLH transcription factor CmBPE2. The inhibition of CmBPE2 expression negatively regulates petal size by downregulating the expression of genes involved in cell expansion. Furthermore, CmJAZ1-like significantly reduced the activation ability of CmBPE2 on its target gene CmEXPA7 by directly interacting with it, thus participating in the regulation of petal size development in chrysanthemum. Our results will provide insights into the molecular mechanisms of petal size regulation in flowering plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunxiao Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs. Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration. College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China
| | - Lian Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs. Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration. College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiafu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs. Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration. College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China
| | - Diwen Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs. Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration. College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China
| | - Song Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs. Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration. College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs. Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration. College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenqian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs. Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration. College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs. Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration. College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China
| | - Aiping Song
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs. Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration. College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China
| | - Sumei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs. Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration. College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China
| | - Haibin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs. Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration. College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China
| | - Baoqing Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs. Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration. College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China
| | - Fadi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs. Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration. College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Podlutskii M, Babina D, Podobed M, Bondarenko E, Bitarishvili S, Blinova Y, Shesterikova E, Prazyan A, Turchin L, Garbaruk D, Kudin M, Duarte GT, Volkova P. Arabidopsis thaliana Accessions from the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone Show Decreased Sensitivity to Additional Acute Irradiation. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:3142. [PMID: 36432872 PMCID: PMC9697804 DOI: 10.3390/plants11223142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Chronic ionising radiation exposure is a main consequence of radioactive pollution of the environment. The development of functional genomics approaches coupled with morphological and physiological studies allows new insights into plant adaptation to life under chronic irradiation. Using morphological, reproductive, physiological, and transcriptomic experiments, we evaluated the way in which Arabidopsis thaliana natural accessions from the Chernobyl exclusion zone recover from chronic low-dose and acute high-dose γ-irradiation of seeds. Plants from radioactively contaminated areas were characterized by lower germination efficiency, suppressed growth, decreased chlorophyll fluorescence, and phytohormonal changes. The transcriptomes of plants chronically exposed to low-dose radiation indicated the repression of mobile genetic elements and deregulation of genes related to abiotic stress tolerance. Furthermore, these chronically irradiated natural accessions showed higher tolerance to acute 150 Gy γ-irradiation of seeds, according to transcriptome and phytohormonal profiles. Overall, the lower sensitivity of the accessions from radioactively contaminated areas to acute high-dose irradiation may come at the cost of their growth performance under normal conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Darya Babina
- Russian Institute of Radiology and Agroecology, 249032 Obninsk, Russia
| | - Marina Podobed
- Russian Institute of Radiology and Agroecology, 249032 Obninsk, Russia
| | | | | | - Yana Blinova
- Russian Institute of Radiology and Agroecology, 249032 Obninsk, Russia
| | | | - Alexander Prazyan
- Russian Institute of Radiology and Agroecology, 249032 Obninsk, Russia
| | - Larisa Turchin
- Polesye State Radiation-Ecological Reserve, 247618 Khoiniki, Belarus
| | - Dmitrii Garbaruk
- Polesye State Radiation-Ecological Reserve, 247618 Khoiniki, Belarus
| | - Maxim Kudin
- Polesye State Radiation-Ecological Reserve, 247618 Khoiniki, Belarus
| | - Gustavo T. Duarte
- Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN), Unit for Biosphere Impact Studies, 2400 Mol, Belgium
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kushwaha AK, Dwivedi S, Mukherjee A, Lingwan M, Dar MA, Bhagavatula L, Datta S. Plant microProteins: Small but powerful modulators of plant development. iScience 2022; 25:105400. [PMID: 36353725 PMCID: PMC9638782 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroProteins (miPs) are small and single-domain containing proteins of less than 20 kDa. This domain allows microProteins to interact with compatible domains of evolutionary-related proteins and fine-tuning the key physiological pathways in several organisms. Since the first report of a microProtein in mice, numerous microProteins have been identified in plants by computational approaches. However, only a few candidates have been functionally characterized, primarily in Arabidopsis. The recent success of synthetic microProteins in modulating physiological activities in crops makes these proteins interesting candidates for crop engineering. Here, we comprehensively summarise the synthesis, mode of action, and functional roles of microProteins in plants. We also discuss different approaches used to identify plant microProteins. Additionally, we discuss novel approaches to design synthetic microProteins that can be used to target proteins regulating plant growth and development. We finally highlight the prospects and challenges of utilizing microProteins in future crop improvement programs. MicroProteins (miPs) are small-sized proteins with a molecular weight of 5–20 kDa MiPs can be detected through multiomics and computational approaches MiPs are crucial regulators of plant growth and development MiPs as condensates, synthetic miPs, and limitations
Collapse
|
18
|
Jacques CN, Favero DS, Kawamura A, Suzuki T, Sugimoto K, Neff MM. SUPPRESSOR OF PHYTOCHROME B-4 #3 reduces the expression of PIF-activated genes and increases expression of growth repressors to regulate hypocotyl elongation in short days. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:399. [PMID: 35965321 PMCID: PMC9377115 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03737-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
SUPPRESSOR OF PHYTOCHROME B-4 #3 (SOB3) is a member of the AT-HOOK MOTIF CONTAINING NUCLEAR LOCALIZED (AHL) family of transcription factors that are involved in light-mediated growth in Arabidopsis thaliana, affecting processes such as hypocotyl elongation. The majority of the research on the AHLs has been conducted in continuous light. However, there are unique molecular events that promote growth in short days (SD) compared to constant light conditions. Therefore, we investigated how AHLs affect hypocotyl elongation in SD. Firstly, we observed that AHLs inhibit hypocotyl growth in SD, similar to their effect in constant light. Next, we identified AHL-regulated genes in SD-grown seedlings by performing RNA-seq in two sob3 mutants at different time points. Our transcriptomic data indicate that PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTORS (PIFs) 4, 5, 7, and 8 along with PIF-target genes are repressed by SOB3 and/or other AHLs. We also identified PIF target genes that are repressed and have not been previously described as AHL-regulated, including PRE1, PIL1, HFR1, CDF5, and XTR7. Interestingly, our RNA-seq data also suggest that AHLs activate the expression of growth repressors to control hypocotyl elongation, such as HY5 and IAA17. Notably, many growth-regulating and other genes identified from the RNA-seq experiment were differentially regulated between these two sob3 mutants at the time points tested. Surprisingly, our ChIP-seq data suggest that SOB3 mostly binds to similar genes throughout the day. Collectively, these data suggest that AHLs affect gene expression in a time point-specific manner irrespective of changes in binding to DNA throughout SD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin N Jacques
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
- Department of Crops and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA
- Molecular Plant Sciences Graduate Program, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA
| | - David S Favero
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan.
| | - Ayako Kawamura
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Takamasa Suzuki
- Department of Biological Chemistry, College of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chubu University, Kasugai, Aichi, 487-8501, Japan
| | - Keiko Sugimoto
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 119-0033, Japan
| | - Michael M Neff
- Department of Crops and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA.
- Molecular Plant Sciences Graduate Program, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Zhang L, Chen W, Liu R, Shi B, Shu Y, Zhang H. Genome-wide characterization and expression analysis of bHLH gene family in physic nut ( Jatropha curcas L.). PeerJ 2022; 10:e13786. [PMID: 35966923 PMCID: PMC9373979 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The basic helix loop helix (bHLH) transcription factor perform essential roles in plant development and abiotic stress. Here, a total of 122 bHLH family members were identified from the physic nut (Jatropha curcas L.) genomic database. Chromosomal localization results showed that 120 members were located on 11 chromosomes. The phylogenetic tree manifested that the JcbHLHs could be grouped into 28 subfamilies. Syntenic analysis showed that there were 10 bHLH collinear genes among the physic nut, Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa. These genes, except JcbHLH84, were highly expressed in various tissues of the physic nut, implying a key role in plant development. Gene expression profiles showed that ten genes (especially JcbHLH33, JcbHLH45 and JcbHLH55) correspond to both salinity and drought stresses; while eight genes only respond to salinity and another eight genes only respond to drought stress. Moreover, the protein interaction network revealed that the JcbHLHs are involved in growth, development and stress signal transduction pathways. These discoveries will help to excavate several key genes may involve in salt or drought stresses and seed development, elucidate the complex transcriptional regulation mechanism of JcbHLH genes and provide the theoretical basis for stress response and genetic improvement of physic nut.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- School of Environmental Engineering and Chemistry, Luoyang Institute of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Wei Chen
- School of Environmental Engineering and Chemistry, Luoyang Institute of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Rongrong Liu
- School of Environmental Engineering and Chemistry, Luoyang Institute of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Ben Shi
- School of Environmental Engineering and Chemistry, Luoyang Institute of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Youju Shu
- School of Environmental Engineering and Chemistry, Luoyang Institute of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Haoyu Zhang
- School of Environmental Engineering and Chemistry, Luoyang Institute of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Chen H, Xiao Z, Ding B, Diggle PK, Yuan YW. Modular regulation of floral traits by a PRE1 homolog in Mimulus verbenaceus: implications for the role of pleiotropy in floral integration. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2022; 9:uhac168. [PMID: 36204206 PMCID: PMC9531339 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhac168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Floral traits often show correlated variation within and among species. For species with fused petals, strong correlations among corolla tube, stamen, and pistil length are particularly prevalent, and these three traits are considered an intra-floral functional module. Pleiotropy has long been implicated in such modular integration of floral traits, but empirical evidence based on actual gene function is scarce. We tested the role of pleiotropy in the expression of intra-floral modularity in the monkeyflower species Mimulus verbenaceus by transgenic manipulation of a homolog of Arabidopsis PRE1. Downregulation of MvPRE1 by RNA interference resulted in simultaneous decreases in the lengths of corolla tube, petal lobe, stamen, and pistil, but little change in calyx and leaf lengths or organ width. Overexpression of MvPRE1 caused increased corolla tube and stamen lengths, with little effect on other floral traits. Our results suggest that genes like MvPRE1 can indeed regulate multiple floral traits in a functional module but meanwhile have little effect on other modules, and that pleiotropic effects of these genes may have played an important role in the evolution of floral integration and intra-floral modularity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Baoqing Ding
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Pamela K Diggle
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Yuan HY, Caron CT, Vandenberg A, Bett KE. RNA-Seq and Gene Ontology Analysis Reveal Differences Associated With Low R/FR-Induced Shade Responses in Cultivated Lentil and a Wild Relative. Front Genet 2022; 13:891702. [PMID: 35795209 PMCID: PMC9251359 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.891702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Lentil is an important pulse crop not only because of its high nutrient value but also because of its ecological advantage in a sustainable agricultural system. Our previous work showed that the cultivated lentil and wild lentil germplasm respond differently to light environments, especially to low R/FR-induced shade conditions. Little is known about how cultivated and wild lentils respond to shade at the level of gene expression and function. In this study, transcriptomic profiling of a cultivated lentil (Lupa, L. culinaris) and a wild lentil (BGE 016880, L. orientalis) at several growth stages is presented. De novo transcriptomes were assembled for both genotypes, and differential gene expression analysis and gene ontology enrichment analysis were performed. The transcriptomic resources generated in this study provide fundamental information regarding biological processes and genes associated with shade responses in lentils. BGE 016880 and Lupa shared a high similarity in their transcriptomes; however, differential gene expression profiles were not consistent between these two genotypes. The wild lentil BGE 016880 had more differentially expressed genes than the cultivated lentil Lupa. Upregulation of genes involved in gibberellin, brassinosteroid, and auxin synthesis and signaling pathways, as well as cell wall modification, in both genotypes explains their similarity in stem elongation response under the shade. Genes involved in jasmonic acid and flavonoid biosynthesis pathways were downregulated in BGE 016880 only, and biological processes involved in defense responses were significantly enriched in the wild lentil BGE 016880 only. Downregulation of WRKY and MYB transcription factors could contribute to the reduced defense response in BGE 016880 but not in Lupa under shade conditions. A better understanding of shade responses of pulse crop species and their wild relatives will play an important role in developing genetic strategies for crop improvement in response to changes in light environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hai Ying Yuan
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development Research Center, National Research Council of Canada, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Carolyn T. Caron
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Albert Vandenberg
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Kirstin E. Bett
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
- *Correspondence: Kirstin E. Bett,
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Li J, Gong J, Zhang L, Shen H, Chen G, Xie Q, Hu Z. Overexpression of SlPRE5, an atypical bHLH transcription factor, affects plant morphology and chlorophyll accumulation in tomato. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 273:153698. [PMID: 35461174 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2022.153698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors play vital regulatory roles in a series of metabolic, physiological, and developmental processes of plants. Here, SlPRE5, an atypical bHLH gene, was isolated from tomato. SlPRE5 was noticeably expressed in young leaves, sepals, and flowers. SlPRE5-overexpressing plants exhibited rolling leaves with reduced chlorophyll content, increased stem internode length, leaf angle, and compound leaf length. The water loss rate of mature leaves and the content of starch were significantly reduced, while the content of gibberellin was significantly increased in transgenic plants. Yeast two-hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) showed that SlPRE5 could interact with SlAIF1, SlAIF2, and SlPAR1. qRT-PCR and RNA-seq results revealed that the expression levels of genes related to chloroplast development, chlorophyll metabolism, gibberellin metabolism and signal transduction, starch, photosynthesis, and cell expansion were significantly altered in SlPRE5-overexpression plants. Collectively, our results suggest that SlPRE5 is a crucial transcription factor involved in plant morphology and chlorophyll accumulation in tomato leaves.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Tomato, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jun Gong
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Tomato, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lincheng Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Tomato, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hui Shen
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Tomato, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guoping Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Tomato, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qiaoli Xie
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Tomato, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zongli Hu
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Tomato, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zhao W, Ding L, Liu J, Zhang X, Li S, Zhao K, Guan Y, Song A, Wang H, Chen S, Jiang J, Chen F. Regulation of lignin biosynthesis by an atypical bHLH protein CmHLB in Chrysanthemum. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:2403-2419. [PMID: 35090011 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Stem mechanical strength is one of the most important agronomic traits that affects the resistance of plants against insects and lodging, and plays an essential role in the quality and yield of plants. Several transcription factors regulate mechanical strength in crops. However, mechanisms of stem strength formation and regulation remain largely unexplored, especially in ornamental plants. In this study, we identified an atypical bHLH transcription factor CmHLB (HLH PROTEIN INVOLVED IN LIGNIN BIOSYNTHESIS) in chrysanthemum, belonging to a small bHLH sub-family - the PACLOBUTRAZOL RESISTANCE (PRE) family. Overexpression of CmHLB in chrysanthemum significantly increased mechanical strength of the stem, cell wall thickness, and lignin content, compared with the wild type. In contrast, CmHLB RNA interference lines exhibited the opposite phenotypes. RNA-seq analysis indicated that CmHLB promoted the expression of genes involved in lignin biosynthesis. Furthermore, we demonstrated that CmHLB interacted with Chrysanthemum KNOTTED ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA7 (CmKNAT7) through the KNOX2 domain, which has a conserved function, i.e. it negatively regulates secondary cell wall formation of fibres and lignin biosynthesis. Collectively, our results reveal a novel role for CmHLB in regulating lignin biosynthesis by interacting with CmKNAT7 and affecting stem mechanical strength in Chrysanthemum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenqian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lian Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiayou Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Song Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kunkun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yunxiao Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Aiping Song
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haibin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Sumei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiafu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fadi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Li T, Shi Y, Zhu B, Zhang T, Feng Z, Wang X, Li X, You C. Genome-Wide Identification of Apple Atypical bHLH Subfamily PRE Members and Functional Characterization of MdPRE4.3 in Response to Abiotic Stress. Front Genet 2022; 13:846559. [PMID: 35401662 PMCID: PMC8987198 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.846559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Paclobutrazol Resistance (PRE) genes encode atypical basic helix–loop–helix (bHLH) transcription factor family. Typical bHLH proteins contain a bifunctional structure with a basic region involved in DNA binding and an adjacent helix–loop–helix domain involved in protein–protein interaction. PRE members lack the basic region but retain the HLH domain, which interacts with other typical bHLH proteins to suppress or enhance their DNA-binding activity. PRE proteins are involved in phytohormone responses, light signal transduction, and fruit pigment accumulation. However, apple (Malus domestica) PRE protein functions have not been studied. In this study, nine MdPRE genes were identified from the apple GDDH13 v1.1 reference genome and were mapped to seven chromosomes. The cis-acting element analysis revealed that MdPRE promoters possessed various elements related to hormones, light, and stress responses. Expression pattern analysis showed that MdPRE genes have different tissue expression profiles. Hormonal and abiotic stress treatments can induce the expression of several MdPRE genes. Moreover, we provide molecular and genetic evidence showing that MdPRE4.3 increases the apple’s sensitivity to NaCl, abscisic acid (ABA), and indoleacetic acid (IAA) and improves tolerance to brassinosteroids (BR); however, it does not affect the apple’s response to gibberellin (GA). Finally, the protein interaction network among the MdPRES proteins was predicted, which could help us elucidate the molecular and biological functions of atypical bHLH transcription factors in the apple.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Xiuming Li
- *Correspondence: Xiuming Li, ; Chunxiang You,
| | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Overexpression of HLH4 Inhibits Cell Elongation and Anthocyanin Biosynthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. Cells 2022; 11:cells11071087. [PMID: 35406652 PMCID: PMC8997993 DOI: 10.3390/cells11071087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In plants, many basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors are involved in controlling cell elongation. Three bHLH proteins, PACLOBTRAZOL RESISTANCE1 (PRE1), Cryptochrome Interacting Basic Helix-loop-helix 5 (CIB5), and Arabidopsis ILI1 binding bHLH1 (IBH1) form a triantagonistic system that antagonistically regulates cell elongation in a competitive manner. In this study, we identified a new player, HLH4, related to IBH1, that negatively regulates cell elongation in Arabidopsis thaliana. Overexpression of HLH4 causes dwarf and dark green phenotypes and results in the downregulation of many key regulatory and enzymatic genes that participate in the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway. HLH4 interacts with CIB5 and PRE1. By interacting with CIB5, HLH4 interferes with the activity of CIB5, and thus inhibiting the transcription of cell elongation-related genes regulated by CIB5, including EXPANSINS8 and 11 (EXP8 and EXP11) and indole-3-acetic acid 7 and 17 (IAA7 and IAA17). The interference of HLH4 on CIB5 is counteracted by PRE1, in which these bHLH proteins form a new tri-antagonistic system.
Collapse
|
26
|
Lu R, Zhang J, Wu YW, Wang Y, Zhang J, Zheng Y, Li Y, Li XB. bHLH transcription factors LP1 and LP2 regulate longitudinal cell elongation. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 187:2577-2591. [PMID: 34618066 PMCID: PMC8644604 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Basic helix-loop-helix/helix-loop-helix (bHLH/HLH) transcription factors play substantial roles in plant cell elongation. In this study, two bHLH/HLH homologous proteins leaf related protein 1 and leaf-related protein 2 (AtLP1 and AtLP2) were identified in Arabidopsis thaliana. LP1 and LP2 play similar positive roles in longitudinal cell elongation. Both LP1 and LP2 overexpression plants exhibited long hypocotyls, elongated cotyledons, and particularly long leaf blades. The elongated leaves resulted from increased longitudinal cell elongation. lp1 and lp2 loss-of-function single mutants did not display distinct phenotypes, but the lp1lp2 double mutant showed decreased leaf length associated with less longitudinal polar cell elongation. Furthermore, the phenotype of lp1lp2 could be rescued by the expression of LP1 or LP2. Expression of genes related to cell elongation was upregulated in LP1 and LP2 overexpression plants but downregulated in lp1lp2 double mutant plants compared with that of wild type. LP1 and LP2 proteins could directly bind to the promoters of Longifolia1 (LNG1) and LNG2 to activate the expression of these cell elongation related genes. Both LP1 and LP2 could interact with two other bHLH/HLH proteins, IBH1 (ILI1 binding BHLH Protein1) and IBL1 (IBH1-like1), thereby suppressing the transcriptional activation of LP1 and LP2 to the target genes LNG1 and LNG2. Thus, our data suggested that LP1 and LP2 act as positive regulators to promote longitudinal cell elongation by activating the expression of LNG1 and LNG2 genes in Arabidopsis. Moreover, homodimerization of LP1 and LP2 may be essential for their function, and interaction between LP1/LP2 and other bHLH/HLH proteins may obstruct transcriptional regulation of target genes by LP1 and LP2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Lu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Jiao Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Yu-Wei Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Yong Zheng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Yang Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Xue-Bao Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Koga H, Kojima M, Takebayashi Y, Sakakibara H, Tsukaya H. Identification of the unique molecular framework of heterophylly in the amphibious plant Callitriche palustris L. THE PLANT CELL 2021; 33:3272-3292. [PMID: 34312675 PMCID: PMC8505872 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koab192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Heterophylly is the development of different leaf forms in a single plant depending on the environmental conditions. It is often observed in amphibious aquatic plants that can grow under both aerial and submerged conditions. Although heterophylly is well recognized in aquatic plants, the associated developmental mechanisms and the molecular basis remain unclear. To clarify these underlying developmental and molecular mechanisms, we analyzed heterophyllous leaf formation in an aquatic plant, Callitriche palustris. Morphological analyses revealed extensive cell elongation and the rearrangement of cortical microtubules in the elongated submerged leaves of C. palustris. Our observations also suggested that gibberellin, ethylene, and abscisic acid all regulate the formation of submerged leaves. However, the perturbation of one or more of the hormones was insufficient to induce the formation of submerged leaves under aerial conditions. Finally, we analyzed gene expression changes during aerial and submerged leaf development and narrowed down the candidate genes controlling heterophylly via transcriptomic comparisons, including a comparison with a closely related terrestrial species. We discovered that the molecular mechanism regulating heterophylly in C. palustris is associated with hormonal changes and diverse transcription factor gene expression profiles, suggesting differences from the corresponding mechanisms in previously investigated amphibious plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Koga
- Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Author for correspondence:
| | - Mikiko Kojima
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Yumiko Takebayashi
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Sakakibara
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Tsukaya
- Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Mauxion JP, Chevalier C, Gonzalez N. Complex cellular and molecular events determining fruit size. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 26:1023-1038. [PMID: 34158228 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2021.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The understanding of plant organ-size determination represents an important challenge, especially because of the significant role of plants as food and renewable energy sources and the increasing need for plant-derived products. Most of the knowledge on the regulation of organ growth and the molecular network controlling cell division and cell expansion, the main drivers of growth, is derived from arabidopsis. The increasing use of crops such as tomato for research is now bringing essential information on the mechanisms underlying size control in agronomically important organs. This review describes our current knowledge, still very scarce, of the cellular and molecular mechanisms governing tomato fruit size and proposes future research to better understand the regulation of growth in this important crop.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Philippe Mauxion
- INRAE, Univ. Bordeaux, UMR1332 Biologie du fruit et Pathologie, F33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Christian Chevalier
- INRAE, Univ. Bordeaux, UMR1332 Biologie du fruit et Pathologie, F33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Nathalie Gonzalez
- INRAE, Univ. Bordeaux, UMR1332 Biologie du fruit et Pathologie, F33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France. @inrae.fr
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Gao Y, Yang Q, Yan X, Wu X, Yang F, Li J, Wei J, Ni J, Ahmad M, Bai S, Teng Y. High-quality genome assembly of 'Cuiguan' pear (Pyrus pyrifolia) as a reference genome for identifying regulatory genes and epigenetic modifications responsible for bud dormancy. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2021; 8:197. [PMID: 34465760 PMCID: PMC8408243 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-021-00632-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Dormancy-associated MADS-box (DAM) genes serve as crucial regulators of the endodormancy cycle in rosaceous plants. Although pear DAM genes have been identified previously, the lack of a high-quality reference genome and techniques to study gene function have prevented accurate genome-wide analysis and functional verification of such genes. Additionally, the contribution of other genes to the regulation of endodormancy release remains poorly understood. In this study, a high-quality genome assembly for 'Cuiguan' pear (Pyrus pyrifolia), which is a leading cultivar with a low chilling requirement cultivated in China, was constructed using PacBio and Hi-C technologies. Using this genome sequence, we revealed that pear DAM genes were tandemly clustered on Chr8 and Chr15 and were differentially expressed in the buds between 'Cuiguan' and the high-chilling-requirement cultivar 'Suli' during the dormancy cycle. Using a virus-induced gene silencing system, we determined the repressive effects of DAM genes on bud break. Several novel genes potentially involved in the regulation of endodormancy release were identified by RNA sequencing and H3K4me3 chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing analyses of 'Suli' buds during artificial chilling using the new reference genome. Our findings enrich the knowledge of the regulatory mechanism underlying endodormancy release and chilling requirements and provide a foundation for the practical regulation of dormancy release in fruit trees as an adaptation to climate change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuhao Gao
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Qinsong Yang
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
- Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xinhui Yan
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Xinyue Wu
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Feng Yang
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Jianzhao Li
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
- College of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, 264025, China
| | - Jia Wei
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Junbei Ni
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Mudassar Ahmad
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Songling Bai
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China.
| | - Yuanwen Teng
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
- Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Sanya, Hainan, 572000, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Zhong M, Zeng B, Tang D, Yang J, Qu L, Yan J, Wang X, Li X, Liu X, Zhao X. The blue light receptor CRY1 interacts with GID1 and DELLA proteins to repress GA signaling during photomorphogenesis in Arabidopsis. MOLECULAR PLANT 2021; 14:1328-1342. [PMID: 33971366 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2021.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Light is a critical environmental cue that regulates a variety of diverse plant developmental processes. Cryptochrome 1 (CRY1) is the major photoreceptor that mediates blue light-dependent photomorphogenic responses such as the inhibition of hypocotyl elongation. Gibberellin (GA) participates in the repression of photomorphogenesis and promotes hypocotyl elongation. However, the antagonistic interaction between blue light and GA is not well understood. Here, we report that blue light represses GA-induced degradation of the DELLA proteins (DELLAs), which are key negative regulators in the GA signaling pathway, via CRY1, thereby inhibiting the GA response during hypocotyl elongation. Both in vitro and in vivo biochemical analyses demonstrated that CRY1 physically interacts with GA receptors-GA-INSENSITIVE DWARF 1 proteins (GID1s)-and DELLAs in a blue light-dependent manner. Furthermore, we showed that CRY1 inhibits the association between GID1s and DELLAs. Genetically, CRY1 antagonizes the function of GID1s to repress the expression of cell elongation-related genes and thus hypocotyl elongation. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that CRY1 coordinates blue light and GA signaling for plant photomorphogenesis by stabilizing DELLAs through the binding and inactivation of GID1s, providing new insights into the mechanism by which blue light antagonizes the function of GA in photomorphogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhong
- College of Biology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan Hybrid Rape Engineering and Technology Research Center, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Shenzhen Institute, Hunan University, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Bingjie Zeng
- College of Biology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan Hybrid Rape Engineering and Technology Research Center, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Shenzhen Institute, Hunan University, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Dongying Tang
- College of Biology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan Hybrid Rape Engineering and Technology Research Center, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Jiaxin Yang
- College of Biology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan Hybrid Rape Engineering and Technology Research Center, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Shenzhen Institute, Hunan University, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Lina Qu
- College of Biology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan Hybrid Rape Engineering and Technology Research Center, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Shenzhen Institute, Hunan University, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Jindong Yan
- College of Biology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan Hybrid Rape Engineering and Technology Research Center, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Shenzhen Institute, Hunan University, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Xiaochuan Wang
- College of Biology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan Hybrid Rape Engineering and Technology Research Center, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Shenzhen Institute, Hunan University, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Xin Li
- College of Biology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan Hybrid Rape Engineering and Technology Research Center, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Shenzhen Institute, Hunan University, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Xuanming Liu
- College of Biology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan Hybrid Rape Engineering and Technology Research Center, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China.
| | - Xiaoying Zhao
- College of Biology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan Hybrid Rape Engineering and Technology Research Center, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Shenzhen Institute, Hunan University, Shenzhen 518057, China.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Jang S, Cho JY, Do GR, Kang Y, Li HY, Song J, Kim HY, Kim BG, Hsing YI. Modulation of Rice Leaf Angle and Grain Size by Expressing OsBCL1 and OsBCL2 under the Control of OsBUL1 Promoter. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:7792. [PMID: 34360554 PMCID: PMC8346013 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22157792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Leaf angle and grain size are important agronomic traits affecting rice productivity directly and/or indirectly through modulating crop architecture. OsBC1, as a typical bHLH transcription factor, is one of the components comprising a complex formed with LO9-177 and OsBUL1 contributing to modulation of rice leaf inclination and grain size. In the current study, two homologues of OsBC1, OsBCL1 and OsBCL2 were functionally characterized by expressing them under the control of OsBUL1 promoter, which is preferentially expressed in the lamina joint and the spikelet of rice. Increased leaf angle and grain length with elongated cells in the lamina joint and the grain hull were observed in transgenic rice containing much greater gibberellin A3 (GA3) levels than WT, demonstrating that both OsBCL1 and OsBCL2 are positive regulators of cell elongation at least partially through increased GA biosynthesis. Moreover, the cell elongation was likely due to cell expansion rather than cell division based on the related gene expression and, the cell elongation-promoting activities of OsBCL1 and OsBCL2 were functional in a dicot species, Arabidopsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seonghoe Jang
- World Vegetable Center Korea Office (WKO), Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Korea;
- Biotechnology Center in Southern Taiwan, Academia Sinica, Tainan 711, Taiwan;
| | - Jwa-Yeong Cho
- Smart Farm Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung, Gangwon 25451, Korea; (J.-Y.C.); (H.-Y.K.)
| | - Gyung-Ran Do
- Planning and Coordination Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration (RDA), Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Korea;
| | - Yeeun Kang
- World Vegetable Center Korea Office (WKO), Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Korea;
| | - Hsing-Yi Li
- Biotechnology Center in Southern Taiwan, Academia Sinica, Tainan 711, Taiwan;
| | - Jaeeun Song
- Metabolic Engineering Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA, Jeonju 54874, Korea; (J.S.); (B.-G.K.)
| | - Ho-Youn Kim
- Smart Farm Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung, Gangwon 25451, Korea; (J.-Y.C.); (H.-Y.K.)
| | - Beom-Gi Kim
- Metabolic Engineering Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA, Jeonju 54874, Korea; (J.S.); (B.-G.K.)
| | - Yue-Ie Hsing
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan;
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Fan Y, Peng J, Wu J, Zhou P, He R, Allan AC, Zeng L. NtbHLH1, a JAF13-like bHLH, interacts with NtMYB6 to enhance proanthocyanidin accumulation in Chinese Narcissus. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:275. [PMID: 34134615 PMCID: PMC8207774 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03050-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Flavonoid biosynthesis in plants is primarily regulated at the transcriptional level by transcription factors modulating the expression of genes encoding enzymes in the flavonoid pathway. One of the most studied transcription factor complexes involved in this regulation consists of a MYB, bHLH and WD40. However, in Chinese Narcissus (Narcissus tazetta L. var. chinensis), a popular monocot bulb flower, the regulatory mechanism of flavonoid biosynthesis remains unclear. RESULTS In this work, genes related to the regulatory complex, NtbHLH1 and a R2R3-MYB NtMYB6, were cloned from Chinese Narcissus. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that NtbHLH1 belongs to the JAF13 clade of bHLH IIIf subgroup, while NtMYB6 was highly homologous to positive regulators of proanthocyanidin biosynthesis. Both NtbHLH1 and NtMYB6 have highest expression levels in basal plates of Narcissus, where there is an accumulation of proanthocyanidin. Ectopic over expression of NtbHLH1 in tobacco resulted in an increase in anthocyanin accumulation in flowers, and an up-regulation of expression of the endogenous tobacco bHLH AN1 and flavonoid biosynthesis genes. In contrast, the expression level of LAR gene was significantly increased in NtMYB6-transgenic tobacco. Dual luciferase assays showed that co-infiltration of NtbHLH1 and NtMYB6 significantly activated the promoter of Chinese Narcissus DFR gene. Furthermore, a yeast two-hybrid assay confirmed that NtbHLH1 interacts with NtMYB6. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that NtbHLH1 may function as a regulatory partner by interacting directly with NtMYB6 to enhance proanthocyanidin accumulation in Chinese Narcissus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Fan
- Institute of Genetics and Breeding in Horticultural Plants, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Jiayu Peng
- Institute of Genetics and Breeding in Horticultural Plants, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Jiacheng Wu
- Institute of Genetics and Breeding in Horticultural Plants, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- Institute of Genetics and Breeding in Horticultural Plants, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Ruijie He
- Institute of Genetics and Breeding in Horticultural Plants, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Andrew C Allan
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research, Mt Albert Research Centre, Private Bag 92169, Auckland, New Zealand
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Lihui Zeng
- Institute of Genetics and Breeding in Horticultural Plants, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Fan Y, Peng J, Wu J, Zhou P, He R, Allan AC, Zeng L. NtbHLH1, a JAF13-like bHLH, interacts with NtMYB6 to enhance proanthocyanidin accumulation in Chinese Narcissus. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:275. [PMID: 34134615 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03050-3051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Flavonoid biosynthesis in plants is primarily regulated at the transcriptional level by transcription factors modulating the expression of genes encoding enzymes in the flavonoid pathway. One of the most studied transcription factor complexes involved in this regulation consists of a MYB, bHLH and WD40. However, in Chinese Narcissus (Narcissus tazetta L. var. chinensis), a popular monocot bulb flower, the regulatory mechanism of flavonoid biosynthesis remains unclear. RESULTS In this work, genes related to the regulatory complex, NtbHLH1 and a R2R3-MYB NtMYB6, were cloned from Chinese Narcissus. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that NtbHLH1 belongs to the JAF13 clade of bHLH IIIf subgroup, while NtMYB6 was highly homologous to positive regulators of proanthocyanidin biosynthesis. Both NtbHLH1 and NtMYB6 have highest expression levels in basal plates of Narcissus, where there is an accumulation of proanthocyanidin. Ectopic over expression of NtbHLH1 in tobacco resulted in an increase in anthocyanin accumulation in flowers, and an up-regulation of expression of the endogenous tobacco bHLH AN1 and flavonoid biosynthesis genes. In contrast, the expression level of LAR gene was significantly increased in NtMYB6-transgenic tobacco. Dual luciferase assays showed that co-infiltration of NtbHLH1 and NtMYB6 significantly activated the promoter of Chinese Narcissus DFR gene. Furthermore, a yeast two-hybrid assay confirmed that NtbHLH1 interacts with NtMYB6. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that NtbHLH1 may function as a regulatory partner by interacting directly with NtMYB6 to enhance proanthocyanidin accumulation in Chinese Narcissus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Fan
- Institute of Genetics and Breeding in Horticultural Plants, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Jiayu Peng
- Institute of Genetics and Breeding in Horticultural Plants, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Jiacheng Wu
- Institute of Genetics and Breeding in Horticultural Plants, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- Institute of Genetics and Breeding in Horticultural Plants, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Ruijie He
- Institute of Genetics and Breeding in Horticultural Plants, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Andrew C Allan
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research, Mt Albert Research Centre, Private Bag 92169, Auckland, New Zealand
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Lihui Zeng
- Institute of Genetics and Breeding in Horticultural Plants, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Vu LD, Xu X, Zhu T, Pan L, van Zanten M, de Jong D, Wang Y, Vanremoortele T, Locke AM, van de Cotte B, De Winne N, Stes E, Russinova E, De Jaeger G, Van Damme D, Uauy C, Gevaert K, De Smet I. The membrane-localized protein kinase MAP4K4/TOT3 regulates thermomorphogenesis. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2842. [PMID: 33990595 PMCID: PMC8121802 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23112-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants respond to mild warm temperature conditions by increased elongation growth of organs to enhance cooling capacity, in a process called thermomorphogenesis. To this date, the regulation of thermomorphogenesis has been exclusively shown to intersect with light signalling pathways. To identify regulators of thermomorphogenesis that are conserved in flowering plants, we map changes in protein phosphorylation in both dicots and monocots exposed to warm temperature. We identify MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE KINASE KINASE KINASE4 (MAP4K4)/TARGET OF TEMPERATURE3 (TOT3) as a regulator of thermomorphogenesis that impinges on brassinosteroid signalling in Arabidopsis thaliana. In addition, we show that TOT3 plays a role in thermal response in wheat, a monocot crop. Altogether, the conserved thermal regulation by TOT3 expands our knowledge of thermomorphogenesis beyond the well-studied pathways and can contribute to ensuring food security under a changing climate. Plants respond to warmth via growth processes termed thermomorphogenesis. Here, via a phosphoproteomics approach, the authors show that the mitogen activated protein kinase TOT3 regulates thermomorphogenesis in both wheat and Arabidopsis and modifies brassinosteroid signaling in Arabidopsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lam Dai Vu
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.,VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium.,VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Xiangyu Xu
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.,VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tingting Zhu
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.,VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lixia Pan
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.,VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Martijn van Zanten
- Molecular Plant Physiology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, 3584CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Dorrit de Jong
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.,VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Yaowei Wang
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.,VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tim Vanremoortele
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.,VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Anna M Locke
- Soybean & Nitrogen Fixation Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture- Agricultural Research Service, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.,Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Brigitte van de Cotte
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.,VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nancy De Winne
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.,VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Elisabeth Stes
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.,VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium.,VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium.,VIB Headquarters, 9052, Gent, Belgium
| | - Eugenia Russinova
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.,VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Geert De Jaeger
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.,VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Daniël Van Damme
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.,VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Cristobal Uauy
- Department of Crop Genetics, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Kris Gevaert
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium. .,VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Ive De Smet
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium. .,VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Medina-Puche L, Martínez-Rivas FJ, Molina-Hidalgo FJ, García-Gago JA, Mercado JA, Caballero JL, Muñoz-Blanco J, Blanco-Portales R. Ectopic expression of the atypical HLH FaPRE1 gene determines changes in cell size and morphology. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 305:110830. [PMID: 33691964 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2021.110830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
PACLOBUTRAZOL RESISTANCE (PRE) genes code atypical HLH transcriptional regulators characterized by the absence of a DNA-binding domain but present an HLH dimerization domain. In vegetative tissues, the function of these HLH proteins has been related with cell elongation processes. In strawberry, three FaPRE genes are expressed, two of them (FaPRE2 and FaPRE3) in vegetative tissues while FaPRE1 is fruit receptacle-specific. Ubiquitous FaPRE1 accumulation produced elongated flower receptacles and plants due to the elongation of the main aerial vegetative organs, with the exception of leaves. Histological analysis clearly demonstrated that the observed phenotype was due to significant changes in the parenchymal cell's morphology. In addition, transcriptomic studies of the transgenic elongated flower receptacles allowed to identify a small group of differentially expressed genes that encode cell wall-modifying enzymes. Together, the data seem to indicate that, in the strawberry plant vegetative organs, FaPRE proteins could modulate the expression of genes related with the determination of the size and shape of the parenchymal cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Medina-Puche
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Edificio Severo Ochoa C-6, Campus Universitario de Rabanales y Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario CEIA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.
| | - F J Martínez-Rivas
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Edificio Severo Ochoa C-6, Campus Universitario de Rabanales y Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario CEIA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.
| | - F J Molina-Hidalgo
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Edificio Severo Ochoa C-6, Campus Universitario de Rabanales y Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario CEIA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.
| | - J A García-Gago
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea La Mayora (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain.
| | - J A Mercado
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea La Mayora (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain.
| | - J L Caballero
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Edificio Severo Ochoa C-6, Campus Universitario de Rabanales y Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario CEIA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.
| | - J Muñoz-Blanco
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Edificio Severo Ochoa C-6, Campus Universitario de Rabanales y Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario CEIA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.
| | - R Blanco-Portales
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Edificio Severo Ochoa C-6, Campus Universitario de Rabanales y Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario CEIA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Ikeda M, Mitsuda N, Ishizuka T, Satoh M, Ohme-Takagi M. The CIB1 transcription factor regulates light- and heat-inducible cell elongation via a two-step HLH/bHLH system. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:1795-1808. [PMID: 33258952 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Light and high temperature promote plant cell elongation. PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR4 (PIF4, a typical basic helix-loop-helix [bHLH] transcriptional activator) and the non-DNA binding atypical HLH inhibitors PHYTOCHROME RAPIDLY REGULATED1 (PAR1) and LONG HYPOCOTYL IN FAR-RED 1 (HFR1) competitively regulate cell elongation in response to light conditions and high temperature. However, the underlying mechanisms have not been fully clarified. Here, we show that in Arabidopsis thaliana, the bHLH transcription factor CRYPTOCHROME-INTERACTING BASIC HELIX-LOOP-HELIX 1 (CIB1) positively regulates cell elongation under the control of PIF4, PAR1, and HFR1. Furthermore, PIF4 directly regulates CIB1 expression by interacting with its promoter, and PAR1 and HFR1 interfere with PIF4 binding to the CIB1 promoter. CIB1 activates genes that function in cell elongation, and PAR1 interferes with the DNA binding activity of CIB1, thus suppressing cell elongation. Hence, two antagonistic HLH/bHLH systems, the PIF4-PAR1/HFR1 and CIB1-PAR1 systems, regulate cell elongation in response to light and high temperature. We thus demonstrate the important role of non-DNA binding small HLH proteins in the transcriptional regulation of cell elongation in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miho Ikeda
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Mitsuda
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Toru Ishizuka
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Mai Satoh
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Masaru Ohme-Takagi
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama, Japan
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Dai X, Lu Q, Wang J, Wang L, Xiang F, Liu Z. MiR160 and its target genes ARF10, ARF16 and ARF17 modulate hypocotyl elongation in a light, BRZ, or PAC-dependent manner in Arabidopsis: miR160 promotes hypocotyl elongation. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 303:110686. [PMID: 33487334 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Multiple hormonal and environmental signals participate in the regulation of plant hypocotyl elongation, which allow the plants to optimize their survival strategy from seed germination to seedling establishment. Auxin plays key roles in cell elongation via auxin signaling transduction and its interactions with other hormonal and environmental signals. However, the roles of auxin response factor (ARF) family in cross-talk between auxin and other hormonal or environmental signals during hypocotyl elongation are not fully understood. Here we show that miR160 and its target genes ARF10, ARF16 and ARF17 modulate hypocotyl elongation in a light, brassinazole (BRZ, a BR biosynthesis inhibitor), or paclobutrazol (PAC, a GA biosynthesis inhibitor)-dependent manner in Arabidopsis. miR160, ARF10, ARF16 and ARF17 have no effects on hypocotyl elongation in the dark. However, in the presence of either light, BRZ, or PAC, ARF10, ARF16 and ARF17 inhibit hypocotyl elongation, and miR160 promotes hypocotyl elongation via cleavage of their mRNA. miR160 and ARF10 are both expressed in the hypocotyl. ARF10 represses the expression of PACLOBUTRAZOL RESISTANCE1 (PRE1) and 35S::PRE1 could partly rescue the phenotype of mARF10 (a miR160-resistant form of ARF10), suggesting that PRE1 acts downstream of ARF10 in regulating hypocotyl elongation. In conclusion, our results indicate that miR160-ARF10/16/17 might serve as a molecular link in cross-talk of auxin, light, BR, and GA in hypocotyl elongation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuehuan Dai
- The Key Laboratory of the Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, Shandong, China
| | - Qing Lu
- The Key Laboratory of the Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, Shandong, China
| | - Jing Wang
- The Key Laboratory of the Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, Shandong, China
| | - Lili Wang
- The Key Laboratory of the Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, Shandong, China
| | - Fengning Xiang
- The Key Laboratory of the Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, Shandong, China
| | - Zhenhua Liu
- The Key Laboratory of the Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, Shandong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Favero DS, Lambolez A, Sugimoto K. Molecular pathways regulating elongation of aerial plant organs: a focus on light, the circadian clock, and temperature. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 105:392-420. [PMID: 32986276 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Organs such as hypocotyls and petioles rapidly elongate in response to shade and temperature cues, contributing to adaptive responses that improve plant fitness. Growth plasticity in these organs is achieved through a complex network of molecular signals. Besides conveying information from the environment, this signaling network also transduces internal signals, such as those associated with the circadian clock. A number of studies performed in Arabidopsis hypocotyls, and to a lesser degree in petioles, have been informative for understanding the signaling networks that regulate elongation of aerial plant organs. In particular, substantial progress has been made towards understanding the molecular mechanisms that regulate responses to light, the circadian clock, and temperature. Signals derived from these three stimuli converge on the BAP module, a set of three different types of transcription factors that interdependently promote gene transcription and growth. Additional key positive regulators of growth that are also affected by environmental cues include the CONSTITUTIVE PHOTOMORPHOGENIC 1 (COP1) and SUPPRESSOR OF PHYA-105 (SPA) E3 ubiquitin ligase proteins. In this review we summarize the key signaling pathways that regulate the growth of hypocotyls and petioles, focusing specifically on molecular mechanisms important for transducing signals derived from light, the circadian clock, and temperature. While it is clear that similarities abound between the signaling networks at play in these two organs, there are also important differences between the mechanisms regulating growth in hypocotyls and petioles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David S Favero
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Alice Lambolez
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 119-0033, Japan
| | - Keiko Sugimoto
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 119-0033, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Singh SK, Patra B, Paul P, Liu Y, Pattanaik S, Yuan L. BHLH IRIDOID SYNTHESIS 3 is a member of a bHLH gene cluster regulating terpenoid indole alkaloid biosynthesis in Catharanthus roseus. PLANT DIRECT 2021; 5:e00305. [PMID: 33532692 PMCID: PMC7833464 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors (TFs) are key regulators of plant specialized metabolites, including terpenoid indole alkaloids (TIAs) in Catharanthus roseus. Two previously characterized subgroup-IVa bHLH TFs, BIS1 (bHLH Iridoid Synthesis 1) and BIS2 regulate iridoid biosynthesis in the TIA pathway. We reanalyzed the recently updated C. roseus genome sequence and discovered that BIS1 and BIS2 are clustered on the same genomic scaffold with a previously uncharacterized bHLH gene, designated as BIS3. Only a few bHLH gene clusters have been studied to date. Comparative analysis of 49 genome sequences from different plant lineages revealed the presence of analogous bHLH clusters in core angiosperms, including the medicinal plants Calotropis gigantea (giant milkweed) and Gelsemium sempervirens (yellow jessamine), but not in the analyzed basal angiosperm and lower plants. Similar to the iridoid pathway genes, BIS3 is highly expressed in roots and induced by methyl jasmonate. BIS3 activates the promoters of iridoid branch genes, geraniol synthase (GES), geraniol 10-hydroxylase (G10H), 8-hydroxygeraniol oxidoreductase (8HGO), iridoid synthase (IS), 7-deoxyloganetic acid glucosyl transferase (7-DLGT), and 7-deoxyloganic acid hydroxylase (7DLH), but not iridoid oxidase (IO). Transactivation of the promoters was abolished when BIS3 is converted to a dominant repressor by fusing with the ERF-associated amphiphilic repression (EAR) sequence. In addition, BIS3 acts synergistically with BIS1 and BIS2 to activate the G10H promoter in tobacco cells. Mutation of the known bHLH TF binding motif, G-box (CACGTG) in the G10H promoter significantly reduced but did not abolish the transactivation by BIS3. Promoter deletion analysis of G10H suggests that the sequences adjacent to the G-box are also involved in the regulation by BIS3. Overexpression of BIS3 in C. roseus flower petals significantly upregulated the expression of iridoid biosynthetic genes and increased loganic acid accumulation. BIS2 expression was significantly induced by BIS3 although BIS3 did not directly activate the BIS2 promoter. Our results advance our understanding of the regulation of plant specialized metabolites by bHLH TF clusters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Kumar Singh
- Kentucky Tobacco Research & Development CenterUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKYUSA
| | - Barunava Patra
- Kentucky Tobacco Research & Development CenterUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKYUSA
| | - Priyanka Paul
- Department of Plant and Soil SciencesUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKYUSA
| | - Yongliang Liu
- Kentucky Tobacco Research & Development CenterUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKYUSA
- South China Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhouChina
| | - Sitakanta Pattanaik
- Kentucky Tobacco Research & Development CenterUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKYUSA
| | - Ling Yuan
- Kentucky Tobacco Research & Development CenterUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKYUSA
- Department of Plant and Soil SciencesUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKYUSA
- South China Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhouChina
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Wang M, Tian Y, Han C, Zhou C, Bai MY, Fan M. Phospho-Mutant Activity Assays Provide Evidence for the Negative Regulation of Transcriptional Regulator PRE1 by Phosphorylation. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21239183. [PMID: 33276448 PMCID: PMC7729563 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The PACLOBUTRAZOL-RESISTANCE (PRE) gene family encodes a group of atypical helix-loop-helix (HLH) proteins that act as the major hub integrating a wide range of environmental and hormonal signals to regulate plant growth and development. PRE1, as a positive regulator of cell elongation, activates HBI1 DNA binding by sequestering its inhibitor IBH1. Furthermore, PRE1 can be phosphorylated at Ser-46 and Ser-67, but how this phosphorylation regulates the functions of PRE1 remains unclear. Here, we used a phospho-mutant activity assay to reveal that the phosphorylation at Ser-67 negatively regulates the functions of PRE1 on cell elongation. Both of mutations of serine 46, either to phospho-dead alanine or phospho-mimicking glutamic acid, had no significant effects on the functions of PRE1. However, the mutation of serine 67 to glutamic acid (PRE1S67E-Ox), but not alanine (PRE1S67A-Ox), significantly reduced the promoting effects of PRE1 on cell elongation. The mutation of Ser-67 to Glu-67 impaired the interaction of PRE1 with IBH1 and resulted in PRE1 failing to inhibit the interaction between IBH1 and HBI1, losing the ability to induce the expression of the subsequent cell elongation-related genes. Furthermore, we showed that PRE1-Ox and PRE1S67A-Ox both suppressed but PRE1S67E-Ox had no strong effects on the dwarf phenotypes of IBH1-Ox. Our study demonstrated that the PRE1 activity is negatively regulated by the phosphorylation at Ser-67.
Collapse
|
41
|
Yang M, Zhou C, Yang H, Kuang R, Huang B, Wei Y. Genome-wide analysis of basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors in papaya ( Carica papaya L.). PeerJ 2020; 8:e9319. [PMID: 32704439 PMCID: PMC7341539 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors (TFs) have been identified and functionally characterized in many plants. However, no comprehensive analysis of the bHLH family in papaya (Carica papaya L.) has been reported previously. Here, a total of 73 CpbHLHs were identified in papaya, and these genes were classified into 18 subfamilies based on phylogenetic analysis. Almost all of the CpbHLHs in the same subfamily shared similar gene structures and protein motifs according to analysis of exon/intron organizations and motif compositions. The number of exons in CpbHLHs varied from one to 10 with an average of five. The amino acid sequences of the bHLH domains were quite conservative, especially Leu-27 and Leu-63. Promoter cis-element analysis revealed that most of the CpbHLHs contained cis-elements that can respond to various biotic/abiotic stress-related events. Gene ontology (GO) analysis revealed that CpbHLHs mainly functions in protein dimerization activity and DNA-binding, and most CpbHLHs were predicted to localize in the nucleus. Abiotic stress treatment and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) revealed some important candidate CpbHLHs that might be responsible for abiotic stress responses in papaya. These findings would lay a foundation for further investigate of the molecular functions of CpbHLHs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Yang
- Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization (MOA), Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research, Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chenping Zhou
- Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization (MOA), Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research, Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hu Yang
- Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization (MOA), Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research, Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruibin Kuang
- Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization (MOA), Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research, Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bingxiong Huang
- Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization (MOA), Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research, Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuerong Wei
- Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization (MOA), Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research, Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Buti S, Hayes S, Pierik R. The bHLH network underlying plant shade-avoidance. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2020; 169:312-324. [PMID: 32053251 PMCID: PMC7383782 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Shade is a potential threat to many plant species. When shade-intolerant plants detect neighbours, they elongate their stems and leaves in an effort to maximise their light capture. This developmental programme, known as 'shade-avoidance' is tightly controlled by specialised photoreceptors and a suite of transcriptional regulators. The basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) family of transcription factors are particularly important for shade-induced elongation. In recent years, it has become apparent that many members of this family heterodimerise and that together they form a complex regulatory network. This review summarises recent work into the structure of the bHLH network and how it regulates elongation growth. In addition to this, we highlight how photoreceptors modulate the function of the network via direct interaction with transcription factors. It is hoped that the information integrated in this review will provide a useful theoretical framework for future studies on the molecular basis of shade-avoidance in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Buti
- Plant Ecophysiology, Institute of Environmental BiologyUtrecht UniversityUtrecht3584 CHThe Netherlands
| | - Scott Hayes
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, CSICMadrid28049Spain
| | - Ronald Pierik
- Plant Ecophysiology, Institute of Environmental BiologyUtrecht UniversityUtrecht3584 CHThe Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Li J, Wang T, Han J, Ren Z. Genome-wide identification and characterization of cucumber bHLH family genes and the functional characterization of CsbHLH041 in NaCl and ABA tolerance in Arabidopsis and cucumber. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:272. [PMID: 32527214 PMCID: PMC7291561 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02440-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The basic/helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor family exists in all three eukaryotic kingdoms as important participants in biological growth and development. To date, the comprehensive genomic and functional analyses of bHLH genes has not been reported in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). RESULTS Here, a total of 142 bHLH genes were identified and classified into 32 subfamilies according to the conserved motifs, phylogenetic analysis and gene structures in cucumber. The sequences of CsbHLH proteins were highly conserved based on the results of multiple sequence alignment analyses. The chromosomal distribution, synteny analysis, and gene duplications of these 142 CsbHLHs were further analysed. Many elements related to stress responsiveness and plant hormones were present in the promoter regions of CsbHLH genes based on a cis-element analysis. By comparing the phylogeny of cucumber and Arabidopsis bHLH proteins, we found that cucumber bHLH proteins were clustered into different functional clades of Arabidopsis bHLH proteins. The expression analysis of selected CsbHLHs under abiotic stresses (NaCl, ABA and low-temperature treatments) identified five CsbHLH genes that could simultaneously respond to the three abiotic stresses. Tissue-specific expression profiles of these five genes were also analysed. In addition, 35S:CsbHLH041 enhanced the tolerance to salt and ABA in transgenic Arabidopsis and in cucumber seedlings, suggesting CsbHLH041 is an important regulator in response to abiotic stresses. Lastly, the functional interoperability network among the CsbHLH proteins was analysed. CONCLUSION This study provided a good foundation for further research into the functions and regulatory mechanisms of CsbHLH proteins and identified candidate genes for stress resistance in cucumber.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops in Huang-Huai Region, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticultural Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018 Shandong China
| | - Ting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops in Huang-Huai Region, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticultural Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018 Shandong China
| | - Jing Han
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops in Huang-Huai Region, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticultural Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018 Shandong China
| | - Zhonghai Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops in Huang-Huai Region, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticultural Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018 Shandong China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Emami H, Kumar A, Kempken F. Transcriptomic analysis of poco1, a mitochondrial pentatricopeptide repeat protein mutant in Arabidopsis thaliana. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:209. [PMID: 32397956 PMCID: PMC7216612 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02418-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Flowering is a crucial stage during plant development. Plants may respond to unfavorable conditions by accelerating reproductive processes like flowering. In a recent study, we showed that PRECOCIOUS1 (POCO1) is a mitochondrial pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) protein involved in flowering time and abscisic acid (ABA) signaling in Arabidopsis thaliana. Here, we use RNA-seq data to investigate global gene expression alteration in the poco1 mutant. RESULTS RNA-seq analysis was performed during different developmental stages for wild-type and poco1 plants. The most profound differences in gene expression were found when wild-type and poco1 plants of the same developmental stage were compared. Coverage analysis confirmed the T-DNA insertion in POCO1, which was concomitant with truncated transcripts. Many biological processes were found to be enriched. Several flowering-related genes such as FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT), which may be involved in the early-flowering phenotype of poco1, were differentially regulated. Numerous ABA-associated genes, including the core components of ABA signaling such as ABA receptors, protein phosphatases, protein kinases, and ABA-responsive element (ABRE) binding proteins (AREBs)/ABRE-binding factors (ABFs) as well as important genes for stomatal function, were mostly down-regulated in poco1. Drought and oxidative stress-related genes, including ABA-induced stress genes, were differentially regulated. RNA-seq analysis also uncovered differentially regulated genes encoding various classes of transcription factors and genes involved in cellular signaling. Furthermore, the expression of stress-associated nuclear genes encoding mitochondrial proteins (NGEMPs) was found to be altered in poco1. Redox-related genes were affected, suggesting that the redox state in poco1 might be altered. CONCLUSION The identification of various enriched biological processes indicates that complex regulatory mechanisms underlie poco1 development. Differentially regulated genes associated with flowering may contribute to the early-flowering phenotype of poco1. Our data suggest the involvement of POCO1 in the early ABA signaling process. The down-regulation of many ABA-related genes suggests an association of poco1 mutation with the ABA signaling deficiency. This condition further affects the expression of many stress-related, especially drought-associated genes in poco1, consistent with the drought sensitivity of poco1. poco1 mutation also affects the expression of genes associated with the cellular regulation, redox, and mitochondrial perturbation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Emami
- Department of Botany, Christian-Albrechts-University, Olshausenstr. 40, 24098, Kiel, Germany
| | - Abhishek Kumar
- Present address: Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, 560066, India
- Present address: Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Frank Kempken
- Department of Botany, Christian-Albrechts-University, Olshausenstr. 40, 24098, Kiel, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
OsbHLH073 Negatively Regulates Internode Elongation and Plant Height by Modulating GA Homeostasis in Rice. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9040547. [PMID: 32340222 PMCID: PMC7238965 DOI: 10.3390/plants9040547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Internode elongation is one of the key agronomic traits determining a plant’s height and biomass. However, our understanding of the molecular mechanisms controlling internode elongation is still limited in crop plant species. Here, we report the functional identification of an atypical basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor (OsbHLH073) through gain-of-function studies using overexpression (OsbHLH073-OX) and activation tagging (osbhlh073-D) lines of rice. The expression of OsbHLH073 was significantly increased in the osbhlh073-D line. The phenotype of osbhlh073-D showed semi-dwarfism due to deficient elongation of the first internode and poor panicle exsertion. Transgenic lines overexpressing OsbHLH073 confirmed the phenotype of the osbhlh073-D line. Exogenous gibberellic acid (GA3) treatment recovered the semi-dwarf phenotype of osbhlh073-D plants at the seedling stage. In addition, quantitative expression analysis of genes involving in GA biosynthetic and signaling pathway revealed that the transcripts of rice ent-kaurene oxidases 1 and 2 (OsKO1 and OsKO2) encoding the GA biosynthetic enzyme were significantly downregulated in osbhlh073-D and OsbHLH073-OX lines. Yeast two-hybrid and localization assays showed that the OsbHLH073 protein is a nuclear localized-transcriptional activator. We report that OsbHLH073 participates in regulating plant height, internode elongation, and panicle exsertion by regulating GA biosynthesis associated with the OsKO1 and OsKO2 genes.
Collapse
|
46
|
Liu ZH, Chen Y, Wang NN, Chen YH, Wei N, Lu R, Li Y, Li XB. A basic helix-loop-helix protein (GhFP1) promotes fibre elongation of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) by modulating brassinosteroid biosynthesis and signalling. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2020; 225:2439-2452. [PMID: 31667846 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) proteins are involved in transcriptional networks controlling a number of biological processes in plants. However, little information is known on the roles of bHLH proteins in cotton fibre development so far. Here, we show that a cotton bHLH protein (GhFP1) positively regulates fibre elongation. GhFP1 transgenic cotton and Arabidopsis plants were generated to study how GhFP1 regulates fibre cell elongation. Fibre length of the transgenic cotton overexpressing GhFP1 was significantly longer than that of wild-type, whereas suppression of GhFP1 expression hindered fibre elongation. Furthermore, overexpression of GhFP1 in Arabidopsis promoted trichome development. Expression of the brassinosteroid (BR)-related genes was markedly upregulated in fibres of GhFP1 overexpression cotton, but downregulated in GhFP1-silenced fibres. BR content in the transgenic fibres was significantly altered, relative to that in wild-type. Moreover, GhFP1 protein could directly bind to the promoters of GhDWF4 and GhCPD to activate expression of these BR-related genes. Therefore, our data suggest that GhFP1 as a positive regulator participates in controlling fibre elongation by activating BR biosynthesis and signalling. Additionally, homodimerisation of GhFP1 may be essential for its function, and interaction between GhFP1 and other cotton bHLH proteins may interfere with its DNA-binding activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Hao Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
- School of Life Sciences, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, 435002, China
| | - Yun Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
- School of Life Sciences, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, 435002, China
| | - Na-Na Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Yi-Hao Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Ning Wei
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Rui Lu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Yang Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Xue-Bao Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Xu X, Wu P, Song H, Zhang J, Zheng S, Xing G, Hou L, Li M. Identification of candidate genes associated with photosynthesis in eggplant under elevated CO 2. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2020.1809519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyong Xu
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University; Collaborative Innovation Center for Improving Quality and Increasing Profits of Protected Vegetables in Shanxi Province, Taigu, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Peiqi Wu
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University; Collaborative Innovation Center for Improving Quality and Increasing Profits of Protected Vegetables in Shanxi Province, Taigu, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Hongxia Song
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University; Collaborative Innovation Center for Improving Quality and Increasing Profits of Protected Vegetables in Shanxi Province, Taigu, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Jing Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University; Collaborative Innovation Center for Improving Quality and Increasing Profits of Protected Vegetables in Shanxi Province, Taigu, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Shaowen Zheng
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University; Collaborative Innovation Center for Improving Quality and Increasing Profits of Protected Vegetables in Shanxi Province, Taigu, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Guoming Xing
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University; Collaborative Innovation Center for Improving Quality and Increasing Profits of Protected Vegetables in Shanxi Province, Taigu, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Leiping Hou
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University; Collaborative Innovation Center for Improving Quality and Increasing Profits of Protected Vegetables in Shanxi Province, Taigu, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Meilan Li
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University; Collaborative Innovation Center for Improving Quality and Increasing Profits of Protected Vegetables in Shanxi Province, Taigu, Shanxi, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Medina-Puche L, Martínez-Rivas FJ, Molina-Hidalgo FJ, Mercado JA, Moyano E, Rodríguez-Franco A, Caballero JL, Muñoz-Blanco J, Blanco-Portales R. An atypical HLH transcriptional regulator plays a novel and important role in strawberry ripened receptacle. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 19:586. [PMID: 31881835 PMCID: PMC6933692 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-019-2092-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In soft fruits, the differential expression of many genes during development and ripening is responsible for changing their organoleptic properties. In strawberry fruit, although some genes involved in the metabolic regulation of the ripening process have been functionally characterized, some of the most studied genes correspond to transcription factors. High throughput transcriptomics analyses performed in strawberry red receptacle (Fragaria x ananassa) allowed us to identify a ripening-related gene that codes an atypical HLH (FaPRE1) with high sequence homology with the PACLOBUTRAZOL RESISTANCE (PRE) genes. PRE genes are atypical bHLH proteins characterized by the lack of a DNA-binding domain and whose function has been linked to the regulation of cell elongation processes. RESULTS FaPRE1 sequence analysis indicates that this gene belongs to the subfamily of atypical bHLHs that also includes ILI-1 from rice, SlPRE2 from tomato and AtPRE1 from Arabidopsis, which are involved in transcriptional regulatory processes as repressors, through the blockage by heterodimerization of bHLH transcription factors. FaPRE1 presented a transcriptional model characteristic of a ripening-related gene with receptacle-specific expression, being repressed by auxins and activated by abscisic acid (ABA). However, its expression was not affected by gibberellic acid (GA3). On the other hand, the transitory silencing of FaPRE1 transcription by agroinfiltration in receptacle produced the down-regulation of a group of genes related to the ripening process while inducing the transcription of genes involved in receptacle growth and development. CONCLUSIONS In summary, this work presents for the first time experimental data that support an important novel function for the atypical HLH FaPRE1 during the strawberry fruit ripening. We hypothesize that FaPRE1 modulates antagonistically the transcription of genes related to both receptacle growth and ripening. Thus, FaPRE1 would repress the expression of receptacle growth promoting genes in the ripened receptacle, while it would activate the expression of those genes related to the receptacle ripening process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Medina-Puche
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Edificio Severo Ochoa C-6, Campus Universitario de Rabanales y Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario CEIA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Present Address: Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology (PSC), Shanghai Institutes of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Félix J. Martínez-Rivas
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Edificio Severo Ochoa C-6, Campus Universitario de Rabanales y Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario CEIA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Molina-Hidalgo
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Edificio Severo Ochoa C-6, Campus Universitario de Rabanales y Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario CEIA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Present Address: VIB-UGent Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - José A. Mercado
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea La Mayora (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Enriqueta Moyano
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Edificio Severo Ochoa C-6, Campus Universitario de Rabanales y Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario CEIA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Antonio Rodríguez-Franco
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Edificio Severo Ochoa C-6, Campus Universitario de Rabanales y Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario CEIA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - José L. Caballero
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Edificio Severo Ochoa C-6, Campus Universitario de Rabanales y Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario CEIA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Juan Muñoz-Blanco
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Edificio Severo Ochoa C-6, Campus Universitario de Rabanales y Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario CEIA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Rosario Blanco-Portales
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Edificio Severo Ochoa C-6, Campus Universitario de Rabanales y Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario CEIA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Lin YJ, Li MJ, Hsing HC, Chen TK, Yang TT, Ko SS. Spike Activator 1, Encoding a bHLH, Mediates Axillary Bud Development and Spike Initiation in Phalaenopsis aphrodite. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20215406. [PMID: 31671600 PMCID: PMC6862315 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Double-spikes Phalaenopsis orchids have greater market value than those with single-spike. In this study, a gene designated as Spike Activator 1 (SPK1), which encodes a basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor, was isolated and characterized from Phalaenopsis aphrodite (moth orchid). SPK1 was highly expressed in the meristematic tissues. In the axillary bud, SPK1 was highly upregulated by a moderately low temperature of 20 °C but downregulated by a spike inhibition temperature of 30 °C. SPK1 protein is localized in the nucleus. Another bHLH, bHLH35, which is also highly expressed in young tissues in the same way as SPK1 was also identified. In contrast to SPK1, bHLH35 transcripts are downregulated at 20 °C but upregulated at 30 °C. Bimolecular florescence complementation assay and yeast two-hybrid assays indicated that SPK1 interacts with bHLH35 and forms a heterodimer. Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) showed that 7 out of 15 vector control plants produced double spikes but that only 1 out of 15 VIGS-spk1 plants produced double spikes. RT-qPCR results indicated that VIGS-spk1 downregulated gene expression levels of SPK1, FT, CYCB, and EXPA8. Overall, we propose that SPK1 plays an essential role in early axillary bud development and spike initiation of P. aphrodite.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Jyun Lin
- Academia Sinica Biotechnology Center in Southern Taiwan, Tainan 741, Taiwan.
| | - Min-Jeng Li
- Academia Sinica Biotechnology Center in Southern Taiwan, Tainan 741, Taiwan.
| | - Hung-Chien Hsing
- Academia Sinica Biotechnology Center in Southern Taiwan, Tainan 741, Taiwan.
| | - Tien-Kuan Chen
- Academia Sinica Biotechnology Center in Southern Taiwan, Tainan 741, Taiwan.
| | - Ting-Ting Yang
- Academia Sinica Biotechnology Center in Southern Taiwan, Tainan 741, Taiwan.
| | - Swee-Suak Ko
- Academia Sinica Biotechnology Center in Southern Taiwan, Tainan 741, Taiwan.
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Zhu Z, Liang H, Chen G, Li F, Wang Y, Liao C, Hu Z. The bHLH transcription factor SlPRE2 regulates tomato fruit development and modulates plant response to gibberellin. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2019; 38:1053-1064. [PMID: 31123809 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-019-02425-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
SlPRE2 is gibberellin inducible and mediates plant response to gibberellin. Silencing of SlPRE2 decreases tomato fruit size, pericarp thickness, placenta size and seed size by regulating cell expansion. Gibberellin is one of the crucial hormones essential for plant growth and developmental processes, including seed germination, stem elongation, and sex expression. Previous studies indicated gibberellin could control fruit development by regulation of genes downstream gibberellin pathway. In the present study, we found that the SlPRE2, a bHLH family transcription factor gene, is highly expressed in immature green fruit. Silencing of SlPRE2 caused reduction of fruits size, pericarp thickness, and placenta size. Meanwhile, smaller seeds were observed in SlPRE2 silenced lines. In addition, the SlPRE2-silenced fruit mesocarp had reduced cell size and expression of SlXTH2 and SlXTH5 which are involved in cell enlargement. Further research showed that SlPRE2 is gibberellic acid-inducible and the expression of gibberellin metabolism-related genes in immature green fruit was affected by the downregulation of SlPRE2. Moreover, the SlPRE2-silenced plants had changed responses to application of exogenous gibberellic acid and paclobutrazol, an inhibitor of gibberellin biosynthesis. These findings indicated that SlPRE2 is a regulator of fruit development and affects plant response to gibberellic acid via the gibberellin pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguo Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Honglian Liang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Guoping Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China.
| | - Fenfen Li
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Yunshu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Changguang Liao
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Zongli Hu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China.
| |
Collapse
|