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Fang J, Cai R, Hu Y, Wang Y, Ling Y, Lv Y, Fang X, Zhang X, Zhou C. Aberrant brain functional connectivity mediates the effects of negative symptoms on cognitive function in schizophrenia: A structural equation model. J Psychiatr Res 2024; 177:109-117. [PMID: 39004002 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia is a severe psychiatric disorder, characterized by positive symptoms, negative symptoms, and cognitive deficits. Elucidating the mechanism of negative symptom and cognitive deficits could contribute to the treatment and prognosis of schizophrenia. We hypothesized that abnormal functional connectivity would be involved in the indirect effects of negative symptoms on cognitive function. METHODS A total of 150 schizophrenia male patients and 108 healthy controls matched for age, education and gender were enrolled in the study. The scores of Brief Negative Symptom Scale were divided into two factors: motivation and pleasure deficits (MAP) and diminished expression (EXP). Subsequently, a series of classic neurocognitive tests were used to evaluate cognitive functions. Resting-state fMRI data was collected from all participants. The Anatomical Automatic Labeling template was employed to establish regions of interest, thereby constructing the functional connectivity network across the entire brain. Eventually, scores of patients' negative symptoms scale, cognitive function, and strengths of abnormal functional connectivity were incorporated into a structural equation model to explore the interactions among variables. RESULTS MAP exhibited a distinctly and significantly negative impact on cognitive function. The functional connectivity between the left insula and left precuneus, along with that between the left precuneus and right angular gyrus, collectively served as intermediaries, contributing to the indirect effects of MAP and EXP on cognitive function. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrated the moderating role of aberrant brain functional connectivity between negative symptoms and cognitive function, providing clues about the neural correlates of negative symptoms and cognitive deficits in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Fang
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Renliang Cai
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Yunshan Hu
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Yuru Ling
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Yiding Lv
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Xinyu Fang
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Xiangrong Zhang
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China.
| | - Chao Zhou
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China.
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Wang LL, Lui SS, Chan RC. Neuropsychology and Neurobiology of Negative Schizotypy: A Selective Review. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY GLOBAL OPEN SCIENCE 2024; 4:100317. [PMID: 38711865 PMCID: PMC11070600 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2024.100317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Schizotypy refers to a latent personality organization that reflects liability to schizophrenia. Because schizotypy is a multidimensional construct, people with schizotypy vary in behavioral and neurobiological features. In this article, we selectively review the neuropsychological and neurobiological profiles of people with schizotypy, with a focus on negative schizotypy. Empirical evidence is presented for alterations of neuropsychological performance in negative schizotypy. We also cover the Research Domain Criteria domains of positive valence, social process, and sensorimotor systems. Moreover, we systematically summarize the neurobiological correlates of negative schizotypy at the structural, resting-state, and task-based neural levels, as well as the neurochemical level. The convergence and inconsistency of the evidence are critically reviewed. Regarding theoretical and clinical implications, we argue that negative schizotypy represents a useful organizational framework for studying neuropsychology and neurobiology across different psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-ling Wang
- School of Psychology, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Simon S.Y. Lui
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Raymond C.K. Chan
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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3
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Toro VD, Antonucci LA, Quarto T, Passiatore R, Fazio L, Ursini G, Chen Q, Masellis R, Torretta S, Sportelli L, Kikidis GC, Massari F, D'Ambrosio E, Rampino A, Pergola G, Weinberger DR, Bertolino A, Blasi G. The interaction between early life complications and a polygenic risk score for schizophrenia is associated with brain activity during emotion processing in healthy participants. Psychol Med 2024; 54:1876-1885. [PMID: 38305128 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291724000011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous evidence suggests that early life complications (ELCs) interact with polygenic risk for schizophrenia (SCZ) in increasing risk for the disease. However, no studies have investigated this interaction on neurobiological phenotypes. Among those, anomalous emotion-related brain activity has been reported in SCZ, even if evidence of its link with SCZ-related genetic risk is not solid. Indeed, it is possible this relationship is influenced by non-genetic risk factors. Thus, this study investigated the interaction between SCZ-related polygenic risk and ELCs on emotion-related brain activity. METHODS 169 healthy participants (HP) in a discovery and 113 HP in a replication sample underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during emotion processing, were categorized for history of ELCs and genome-wide genotyped. Polygenic risk scores (PRSs) were computed using SCZ-associated variants considering the most recent genome-wide association study. Furthermore, 75 patients with SCZ also underwent fMRI during emotion processing to verify consistency of their brain activity patterns with those associated with risk factors for SCZ in HP. RESULTS Results in the discovery and replication samples indicated no effect of PRSs, but an interaction between PRS and ELCs in left ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC), where the greater the activity, the greater PRS only in presence of ELCs. Moreover, SCZ had greater VLPFC response than HP. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that emotion-related VLPFC response lies in the path from genetic and non-genetic risk factors to the clinical presentation of SCZ, and may implicate an updated concept of intermediate phenotype considering early non-genetic factors of risk for SCZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Debora Toro
- Psychiatric Neuroscience Group, Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
- Department of Humanities, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Linda A Antonucci
- Psychiatric Neuroscience Group, Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Tiziana Quarto
- Department of Humanities, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Roberta Passiatore
- Psychiatric Neuroscience Group, Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Leonardo Fazio
- Psychiatric Neuroscience Group, Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Libera Università Mediterranea "Giuseppe Degennaro", Bari, Italy
| | - Gianluca Ursini
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Qiang Chen
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Rita Masellis
- Psychiatric Neuroscience Group, Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
- U.O.C. Psichiatria Universitaria, Azìenda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Consorziale Policlinico, Bari, Italy
| | - Silvia Torretta
- Psychiatric Neuroscience Group, Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Leonardo Sportelli
- Psychiatric Neuroscience Group, Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Gianluca Christos Kikidis
- Psychiatric Neuroscience Group, Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Massari
- Psychiatric Neuroscience Group, Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Enrico D'Ambrosio
- Psychiatric Neuroscience Group, Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Antonio Rampino
- Psychiatric Neuroscience Group, Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
- U.O.C. Psichiatria Universitaria, Azìenda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Consorziale Policlinico, Bari, Italy
| | - Giulio Pergola
- Psychiatric Neuroscience Group, Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Daniel R Weinberger
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alessandro Bertolino
- Psychiatric Neuroscience Group, Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
- U.O.C. Psichiatria Universitaria, Azìenda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Consorziale Policlinico, Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Blasi
- Psychiatric Neuroscience Group, Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
- U.O.C. Psichiatria Universitaria, Azìenda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Consorziale Policlinico, Bari, Italy
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Ye JY, Qin XJ, Cui JF, Jia LX, Shi HS, Yang TX, Lui SSY, Wang Y, Chan RCK. Mental time travel for self and others in individuals with a high level of schizotypy. Psych J 2023; 12:524-534. [PMID: 36653195 DOI: 10.1002/pchj.626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Mental time travel (MTT) is the ability to project oneself to the past or future through mental simulation. Moreover, MTT can involve self-related or other-related information. This study aimed to compare MTT in individuals with high levels of schizotypy and that in their counterparts with low levels of schizotypy. Participants with high (n = 37) and low (n = 37) levels of schizotypy completed an MTT task with four conditions [2 (Condition: self vs. other) × 2 (Time orientation: past vs. future)]. They were required to recall past events that had happened to themselves or to a non-intimate person, and to imagine possible future events that might happen to themselves or to a non-intimate person, related to cue words. Outcome measures included specificity, vividness, sense of experience, emotional valence, emotional intensity, proportion of first-person visual perspective in events, and difficulty in event generation. A 2 (Group: high vs. low levels of schizotypy) × 2 (Condition) × 2 (Time orientation) mixed analysis of variance was conducted on each index. Results showed that self-related MTT was more specific than other-related MTT in low levels of schizotypy participants but not in high levels of schizotypy participants. Participants with a high level of schizotypy reported fewer specific events, and reported events with lower vividness and positive emotion than did those with a low level of schizotypy. Self-related MTT showed higher levels of phenomenological characteristics than did other-related MTT. In conclusion, individuals with a high level of schizotypy have altered MTT, and cannot benefit from the self-advantage effect on the specificity of MTT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Yan Ye
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Qin
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ji-Fang Cui
- Research Center for Information and Statistics, National Institute of Education Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lu-Xia Jia
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hai-Song Shi
- North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China
| | - Tian-Xiao Yang
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Simon S Y Lui
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ya Wang
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Raymond C K Chan
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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5
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Zouraraki C, Karamaouna P, Giakoumaki SG. Cognitive Processes and Resting-State Functional Neuroimaging Findings in High Schizotypal Individuals and Schizotypal Personality Disorder Patients: A Systematic Review. Brain Sci 2023; 13:615. [PMID: 37190580 PMCID: PMC10137138 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13040615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ample research findings indicate that there is altered brain functioning in the schizophrenia spectrum. Nevertheless, functional neuroimaging findings remain ambiguous for healthy individuals expressing high schizotypal traits and patients with schizotypal personality disorder (SPD). The purpose of this systematic review was to identify patterns of task-related and resting-state neural abnormalities across these conditions. MEDLINE-PubMed and PsycINFO were systematically searched and forty-eight studies were selected. Forty studies assessed healthy individuals with high schizotypal traits and eight studies examined SPD patients with functional neuroimaging techniques (fNIRS; fMRI; Resting-state fMRI). Functional alterations in striatal, frontal and temporal regions were found in healthy individuals with high schizotypal traits. Schizotypal personality disorder was associated with default mode network abnormalities but further research is required in order to better conceive its neural correlates. There was also evidence for functional compensatory mechanisms associated with both conditions. To conclude, the findings suggest that brain dysfunctions are evident in individuals who lie along the subclinical part of the spectrum, further supporting the continuum model for schizophrenia susceptibility. Additional research is required in order to delineate the counterbalancing processes implicated in the schizophrenia spectrum, as this approach will provide promising insights for both conversion and protection from conversion into schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrysoula Zouraraki
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, Department of Psychology, University of Crete, 74100 Rethymno, Greece; (C.Z.); (P.K.)
- University of Crete Research Center for the Humanities, The Social and Education Sciences (UCRC), University of Crete, Gallos University Campus, 74100 Rethymno, Greece
| | - Penny Karamaouna
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, Department of Psychology, University of Crete, 74100 Rethymno, Greece; (C.Z.); (P.K.)
- University of Crete Research Center for the Humanities, The Social and Education Sciences (UCRC), University of Crete, Gallos University Campus, 74100 Rethymno, Greece
| | - Stella G. Giakoumaki
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, Department of Psychology, University of Crete, 74100 Rethymno, Greece; (C.Z.); (P.K.)
- University of Crete Research Center for the Humanities, The Social and Education Sciences (UCRC), University of Crete, Gallos University Campus, 74100 Rethymno, Greece
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6
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Guo XD, Zheng H, Ruan D, Wang Y, Wang YY, Chan RCK. Altered empathy correlates with reduced social and non-social reward anticipation in individuals with high social anhedonia. Psych J 2023; 12:92-99. [PMID: 36058882 DOI: 10.1002/pchj.592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the correlations of affective and cognitive components of empathy with reward anticipation toward monetary and social incentives in individuals with social anhedonia (SocAnh). According to the scores on the Revised Social Anhedonia Scale, 109 participants were divided into high (n = 57) and low (n = 52) SocAnh groups. Empathy was assessed with the Questionnaire of Cognitive and Affective Empathy (QCAE) and the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) Scale. Social and non-social reward anticipations were assessed by the Social and Monetary Incentive Delay Tasks, respectively. We performed independent-sample t tests and repeated-measures ANOVAs to examine the group differences on empathy and reward anticipation. Correlation analyses between empathy and reward anticipation were conducted. Results showed that the high SocAnh group reported reduced scores on empathy and reward anticipation for monetary and social incentives compared to their low SocAnh counterparts. Correlation analysis further indicated that monetary reward anticipation correlated with cognitive empathy, while social reward anticipation correlated with affective empathy. Our findings suggested that participants with high SocAnh exhibited poorer empathy and reduced reward anticipation than those with low SocAnh level. More importantly, social and non-social reward anticipation may distinctly contribute to affective and cognitive components of empathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Dong Guo
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Zheng
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dun Ruan
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yan-Yu Wang
- School of Psychology, Weifang Medical University, Shandong, China
| | - Raymond C K Chan
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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7
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Fiorito AM, Aleman A, Blasi G, Bourque J, Cao H, Chan RCK, Chowdury A, Conrod P, Diwadkar VA, Goghari VM, Guinjoan S, Gur RE, Gur RC, Kwon JS, Lieslehto J, Lukow PB, Meyer-Lindenberg A, Modinos G, Quarto T, Spilka MJ, Shivakumar V, Venkatasubramanian G, Villarreal M, Wang Y, Wolf DH, Yun JY, Fakra E, Sescousse G. Are Brain Responses to Emotion a Reliable Endophenotype of Schizophrenia? An Image-Based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Meta-analysis. Biol Psychiatry 2023; 93:167-177. [PMID: 36085080 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2022.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impaired emotion processing constitutes a key dimension of schizophrenia and a possible endophenotype of this illness. Empirical studies consistently report poorer emotion recognition performance in patients with schizophrenia as well as in individuals at enhanced risk of schizophrenia. Functional magnetic resonance imaging studies also report consistent patterns of abnormal brain activation in response to emotional stimuli in patients, in particular, decreased amygdala activation. In contrast, brain-level abnormalities in at-risk individuals are more elusive. We address this gap using an image-based meta-analysis of the functional magnetic resonance imaging literature. METHODS Functional magnetic resonance imaging studies investigating brain responses to negative emotional stimuli and reporting a comparison between at-risk individuals and healthy control subjects were identified. Frequentist and Bayesian voxelwise meta-analyses were performed separately, by implementing a random-effect model with unthresholded group-level T-maps from individual studies as input. RESULTS In total, 17 studies with a cumulative total of 677 at-risk individuals and 805 healthy control subjects were included. Frequentist analyses did not reveal significant differences between at-risk individuals and healthy control subjects. Similar results were observed with Bayesian analyses, which provided strong evidence for the absence of meaningful brain activation differences across the entire brain. Region of interest analyses specifically focusing on the amygdala confirmed the lack of group differences in this region. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that brain activation patterns in response to emotional stimuli are unlikely to constitute a reliable endophenotype of schizophrenia. We suggest that future studies instead focus on impaired functional connectivity as an alternative and promising endophenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Fiorito
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR 5292, PSYR2 Team, University of Lyon, Lyon, France; Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France.
| | - André Aleman
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells & Systems, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Giuseppe Blasi
- Group of Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Josiane Bourque
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Hengyi Cao
- Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York
| | - Raymond C K Chan
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China
| | - Asadur Chowdury
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Patricia Conrod
- CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Department of Psychiatry and Addiction, University of Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Vaibhav A Diwadkar
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Vina M Goghari
- Department of Psychological Clinical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Raquel E Gur
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ruben C Gur
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jun Soo Kwon
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Johannes Lieslehto
- University of Eastern Finland, Department of Forensic Psychiatry, Niuvanniemi Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Paulina B Lukow
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Gemma Modinos
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Michael J Spilka
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Venkataram Shivakumar
- Department of Integrative Medicine, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, India
| | | | - Mirta Villarreal
- Instituto de Neurociencias FLENI-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, UBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Yi Wang
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China
| | - Daniel H Wolf
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Je-Yeon Yun
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eric Fakra
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR 5292, PSYR2 Team, University of Lyon, Lyon, France; Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Guillaume Sescousse
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR 5292, PSYR2 Team, University of Lyon, Lyon, France; Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier, Bron, France
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8
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Kuang Q, Zhou S, Li H, Mi L, Zheng Y, She S. Association between fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (fALFF) and facial emotion recognition ability in first-episode schizophrenia patients: a fMRI study. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19561. [PMID: 36380188 PMCID: PMC9666540 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24258-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
It was still unclear that the correlation between the resting-state intrinsic activity in brain regions and facial emotion recognition (FER) ability in patients with first-episode schizophrenia (FSZ). Our aim was to analyse the correlation between the fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (fALFF) and FER ability in FSZ patients. A total of 28 patients with FSZ and 33 healthy controls (HCs) completed visual search tasks for FER ability. Regions of interest (ROIs) related to facial emotion were obtained from a previous meta-analysis. Pearson correlation analysis was performed to understand the correlation between fALFF and FER ability. Our results indicated that the patients performed worse than the HCs in the accuracy performances of happy FER and fearful FER. The previous meta-analysis results showed that the brain regions related to FER included the bilateral amygdala (AMY)/hippocampus (HIP), right fusiform gyrus (FFG), and right supplementary motor area (SMA). Partial correlation analysis showed that the fALFF of the right FFG was associated with high-load fearful FER accuracy (r = - 0.60, p = 0.004). Our study indicated that FER ability is correlated with resting-state intrinsic activity in brain regions related to facial emotion, which may provide a reference for the study of FER deficiency in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qijie Kuang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510370, People's Republic of China
| | - Sumiao Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510370, People's Republic of China
| | - Haijing Li
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510370, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Mi
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510370, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingjun Zheng
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510370, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shenglin She
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510370, People's Republic of China.
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9
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Zhang YJ, Hu HX, Wang LL, Wang X, Wang Y, Huang J, Wang Y, Lui SSY, Hui L, Chan RCK. Decoupling between hub-connected functional connectivity of the social brain network and real-world social network in individuals with social anhedonia. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2022; 326:111528. [PMID: 36027707 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2022.111528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Altered hub regions in brain network have been consistently reported in patients with schizophrenia. However, it is unclear whether similar altered hub regions of the brain would be exhibited in individuals with subclinical features of schizophrenia such as social anhedonia (SA). In this study, we examined the hub regions of resting-state social brain network (SBN) of 35 participants with SA and 50 healthy controls (HC). We further examined the prediction effect of hub-connected FCs with SBN on the real-life social network characteristics. Our findings showed that the right amygdala, left temporal lobe and right media superior frontal gyrus were the hub regions of SBN both in SA and HC groups. In the SA group, the left temporal lobe connected functional connectivity (FC) did not predict social network characteristics, while the other FCs strengthened the association with social network characteristics. These findings were replicated in an independent sample of 33 SA and 32 HC. These findings suggested that the left temporal lobe as one of the hub regions of SBN exhibited the abnormality of their connected FCs in the association with social network characteristics in individuals with SA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Jing Zhang
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Beijing 100101, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hui-Xin Hu
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Beijing 100101, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ling-Ling Wang
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Beijing 100101, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Beijing 100101, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Beijing 100101, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Huang
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Beijing 100101, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ya Wang
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Beijing 100101, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Simon S Y Lui
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Li Hui
- The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Raymond C K Chan
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Beijing 100101, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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10
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Penagos-Corzo JC, Cosio van-Hasselt M, Escobar D, Vázquez-Roque RA, Flores G. Mirror neurons and empathy-related regions in psychopathy: systematic review, meta-analysis, and a working model. Soc Neurosci 2022; 17:462-479. [PMID: 36151909 DOI: 10.1080/17470919.2022.2128868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Mirror neurons have been associated with empathy. People with psychopathic traits present low levels of empathy. To analyze this, a systematic review of fMRI studies of people with psychopathic traits during an emotional facial expression processing task was performed. The regions of interest were structures associated with the mirror neuron system: ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), inferior parietal lobe (IPL), inferior frontal gyrus and superior temporal sulcus. The analysis was also extended to structures related to affective empathy (insula, amygdala and anterior cingulate cortex) and to two more emotional processing areas (orbitofrontal cortex and fusiform gyrus). Hypoactivation was more frequently observed in regions of the mirror neuron system from people with high psychopathic traits, as well as in the emotional processing structures, and those associated with affective empathy, except for the insula, where it presented higher activity. Differences were observed for all types of emotions. The results suggest that the mirror neuron system is altered in psychopathy and their relationship with affective empathy deficits is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Rubén A Vázquez-Roque
- Laboratorio de Neuropsiquiatría, Instituto de Fisiología, Benemerita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, México
| | - Gonzalo Flores
- Laboratorio de Neuropsiquiatría, Instituto de Fisiología, Benemerita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, México
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11
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Chau AKC, So SH, Sun X, Zhu C, Chiu CD, Chan RCK, Leung PWL. A network analysis on the relationship between loneliness and schizotypy. J Affect Disord 2022; 311:148-156. [PMID: 35594977 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.05.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schizotypy is a multidimensional personality trait related to the heightened risk for the development of schizophrenia spectrum disorders. While it has been suggested that loneliness may be associated with schizotypy in general, whether it relates to the specific schizotypal traits differentially remains unknown. Besides, as loneliness often co-occurs with depression and anxiety, it is important to delineate its relationship with schizotypy in consideration of these co-occurring emotional disturbances. METHODS A demographically diverse sample of young people was obtained from multiple sources. The validated sample consisted of 2089 participants (68.4% female, age range: 18-30). The structural relationship between loneliness and schizotypy was modelled using a network analytic approach. The Gaussian graphical model with loneliness and nine schizotypal traits as nodes was first estimated without, and then with adjustment for the levels of depressive and anxiety symptoms. Edges were estimated as unique associations between nodes. RESULTS 'Suspiciousness', 'odd beliefs or magical thinking', 'no close friends', 'constricted affect' and 'excessive social anxiety' were linked to loneliness directly. Loneliness was found to be more strongly associated with 'suspiciousness' and 'no close friends' than other schizotypal traits. After adjustment for the levels of depressive and anxiety symptoms, the above direct edges remained robust. LIMITATIONS The use of cross-sectional data indicated only undirected associations between variables. CONCLUSIONS Loneliness was more strongly linked to some schizotypal traits than others, with the relationships maintaining above and beyond the effects of anxiety and depression. These findings warrant further investigation of the specific relationships between loneliness and individual schizotypal traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anson Kai Chun Chau
- Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Suzanne H So
- Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
| | - Xiaoqi Sun
- Department of Psychology, Hunan Normal University, Hunan, China
| | - Chen Zhu
- Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Chui-De Chiu
- Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Raymond C K Chan
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Patrick Wing-Leung Leung
- Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
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12
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Tong W, Dong Z, Guo W, Zhang M, Zhang Y, Du Y, Zhao J, Lv L, Liu Y, Wang X, Kou Y, Zhang H, Zhang H. Progressive Changes in Brain Regional Homogeneity Induced by Electroconvulsive Therapy Among Patients With Schizophrenia. J ECT 2022; 38:117-123. [PMID: 35613010 DOI: 10.1097/yct.0000000000000815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) has significant effects on improving psychotic symptoms in schizophrenia (SZ), but the changes of brain function induced by it are unclear. The purpose of the study was to explore progressive ECT-induced changes in regional homogeneity (ReHo) at multiple time points before, during, and after a course of ECT. METHODS The 27 in-patients with SZ (SZ group) who met the recruitment criteria accepted clinical evaluations and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans before the first ECT (pre-ECT), after the first ECT (ECT1), and after the eighth ECT (ECT8), all conducted within 10 to 12 hours. Forty-three healthy controls (HCs; HC group) who matched well with the patients for age, sex, and years of education were recruited. For Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and ReHo, progressive changes were examined. RESULTS Pair-wise comparisons of patient pre-ECT, ECT1, and ECT8 ReHo values with HC ReHo values revealed that ECT normalized the ReHo values in bilateral superior occipital gyrus (SOG), right lingual gyrus (LG), left medial prefrontal cortex. Furthermore, improved ReHo in bilateral SOG and right LG appeared after the first ECT application. The ReHo values in right middle occipital gyrus, right middle temporal gyrus, and right inferior parietal lobule were not significantly altered by ECT. The total PANSS score was lower even after the first ECT application (mean ΔPANSSECT1, 11.7%; range, 2%-32.8%) and markedly reduced after the eighth application (mean ΔPANSSECT8, 86.3%; range, 72.5%-97.9%). CONCLUSIONS The antipsychotic effects of ECT may be achieved through regulating synchronization of some regions such as bilateral SOG, right LG, and left medial prefrontal cortex. Furthermore, the enhanced synchronizations also take place in other regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Tong
- From the School of Psychology of Xinxiang Medical University
| | | | - Wenbin Guo
- Mental Health Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha
| | - Meng Zhang
- From the School of Psychology of Xinxiang Medical University
| | - Yujuan Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang
| | - Yunhong Du
- Department of Psychiatry of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang
| | - Jingping Zhao
- Mental Health Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha
| | - Luxian Lv
- Department of Psychiatry of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang
| | - Yahui Liu
- From the School of Psychology of Xinxiang Medical University
| | - Xueke Wang
- From the School of Psychology of Xinxiang Medical University
| | - Yanna Kou
- Department of Psychiatry of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang
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13
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Cohen AS, Cox CR, Cowan T, Masucci MD, Le TP, Docherty AR, Bedwell JS. High Predictive Accuracy of Negative Schizotypy With Acoustic Measures. Clin Psychol Sci 2022; 10:310-323. [PMID: 38031625 PMCID: PMC10686546 DOI: 10.1177/21677026211017835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Negative schizotypal traits potentially can be digitally phenotyped using objective vocal analysis. Prior attempts have shown mixed success in this regard, potentially because acoustic analysis has relied on small, constrained feature sets. We employed machine learning to (a) optimize and cross-validate predictive models of self-reported negative schizotypy using a large acoustic feature set, (b) evaluate model performance as a function of sex and speaking task, (c) understand potential mechanisms underlying negative schizotypal traits by evaluating the key acoustic features within these models, and (d) examine model performance in its convergence with clinical symptoms and cognitive functioning. Accuracy was good (> 80%) and was improved by considering speaking task and sex. However, the features identified as most predictive of negative schizotypal traits were generally not considered critical to their conceptual definitions. Implications for validating and implementing digital phenotyping to understand and quantify negative schizotypy are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex S. Cohen
- Department of Psychology, Louisiana State University
- Center for Computation and Technology, Louisiana State University
| | - Christopher R. Cox
- Department of Psychology, Louisiana State University
- Center for Computation and Technology, Louisiana State University
| | - Tovah Cowan
- Department of Psychology, Louisiana State University
- Center for Computation and Technology, Louisiana State University
| | - Michael D. Masucci
- Department of Psychology, Louisiana State University
- Center for Computation and Technology, Louisiana State University
| | - Thanh P. Le
- Department of Psychology, Louisiana State University
- Center for Computation and Technology, Louisiana State University
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14
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Evermann U, Gaser C, Meller T, Pfarr J, Grezellschak S, Nenadić I. Nonclinical psychotic-like experiences and schizotypy dimensions: Associations with hippocampal subfield and amygdala volumes. Hum Brain Mapp 2021; 42:5075-5088. [PMID: 34302409 PMCID: PMC8449098 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Schizotypy and psychotic-like experiences (PLE) form part of the wider psychosis continuum and may have brain structural correlates in nonclinical cohorts. This study aimed to compare the effects of differential schizotypy dimensions, PLE, and their interaction on hippocampal subfields and amygdala volumes in the absence of clinical psychopathology. In a cohort of 367 psychiatrically healthy individuals, we assessed schizotypal traits using the Oxford-Liverpool Inventory of Life Experiences (O-LIFE) and PLE using the short form of the Prodromal Questionnaire (PQ-16). Based on high-resolution structural MRI scans, we used automated segmentation to estimate volumes of limbic structures. Sex and total intracranial volume (Step 1), PLE and schizotypy dimensions (Step 2), and their interaction terms (Step 3) were entered as regressors for bilateral amygdala and hippocampal subfield volumes in hierarchical multiple linear regression models. Positive schizotypy, but not PLE, was negatively associated with left amygdala and subiculum volumes. O-LIFE Impulsive Nonconformity, as well as the two-way interaction between positive schizotypy and PLE, were associated with larger left subiculum volumes. None of the estimators for right hemispheric hippocampal subfield volumes survived correction for multiple comparisons. Our findings support differential associations of hippocampus subfield volumes with trait dimensions rather than PLE, and support overlap and interactions between psychometric positive schizotypy and PLE. In a healthy cohort without current psychosis risk syndromes, the positive association between PLE and hippocampal subfield volume occurred at a high expression of positive schizotypy. Further studies combining stable, transient, and genetic parameters are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrika Evermann
- Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Lab, Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyPhilipps‐Universität MarburgMarburgGermany
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB)MarburgGermany
| | - Christian Gaser
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyJena University HospitalJenaGermany
- Department of NeurologyJena University HospitalJenaGermany
| | - Tina Meller
- Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Lab, Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyPhilipps‐Universität MarburgMarburgGermany
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB)MarburgGermany
| | - Julia‐Katharina Pfarr
- Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Lab, Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyPhilipps‐Universität MarburgMarburgGermany
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB)MarburgGermany
| | - Sarah Grezellschak
- Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Lab, Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyPhilipps‐Universität MarburgMarburgGermany
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB)MarburgGermany
- Marburg University HospitalUKGMMarburgGermany
| | - Igor Nenadić
- Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Lab, Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyPhilipps‐Universität MarburgMarburgGermany
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB)MarburgGermany
- Marburg University HospitalUKGMMarburgGermany
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15
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Convergent validity of the Chinese version of the Multidimensional Schizotypy Scale. Asian J Psychiatr 2021; 61:102671. [PMID: 33984618 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2021.102671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Schizotypy is the latent personality reflecting the liability to schizophrenia. The Multidimensional Schizotypy Scale (MSS) is a newly developed questionnaire to measure the levels of schizotypy. The Chinese version of MSS has been developed and previous findings supported its structure validity. The present study aimed to examine the construct validity of the Chinese version of the MSS by correlating it with the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ). A total of 1359 university students completed the MSS and the SPQ online. The results of 1027 valid participants demonstrated that all MSS dimensions showed good internal consistency. The MSS positive dimension is strongly correlated with SPQ cognitive-perceptual factor, the MSS negative dimension with the SPQ interpersonal factor, and the MSS disorganized dimension with the SPQ disorganized factor. Taken together, our study provides evidence for construct validity of the Chinese version of the MSS.
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16
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He Z, Yang K, Zhuang N, Zeng Y. Processing of Affective Pictures: A Study Based on Functional Connectivity Network in the Cerebral Cortex. COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND NEUROSCIENCE 2021; 2021:5582666. [PMID: 34257637 PMCID: PMC8245225 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5582666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Emotion plays an important role in people's life. However, the existing researches do not give a unified conclusion on the brain function network under different emotional states. In this study, pictures from the international affective picture system (IAPS) of different valences were presented to subjects with a fixed frequency blinking frequency to induce stable state visual evoked potential (SSVEP). With the source location method, the cerebral cortex source signal was reconstructed based on EEG signals, and then the difference in SSVEP amplitudes in key brain areas under different emotional states and the difference in brain function network connections among different brain areas were analysed in cortical space. The results of the study show that positive and negative emotions evoked greater activation intensities in the prefrontal, temporal, and parietal lobes compared with those of neutral emotion. The network connections with a significant difference between emotional states mainly appear in the alpha and gamma bands, and the network connections with significant differences between positive emotion and negative emotion mainly exist in the right middle temporal gyrus and the superior frontal gyrus on both sides. In addition, the long-range connections play an important role in the process of emotional processing, especially the connections among frontal gyrus, middle temporal gyrus, and middle occipital gyrus. The results of this study provide a reliable scientific basis for revealing and elucidating the neural mechanism of emotion processing and the selection of brain regions and frequency bands in emotion recognition based on EEG signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyang He
- PLA Strategic Support Force Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Kai Yang
- PLA Strategic Support Force Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Ning Zhuang
- PLA Strategic Support Force Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Ying Zeng
- PLA Strategic Support Force Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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17
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Dawes C, Danielmeier C, Haselgrove M, Moran PM. High Schizotypy Predicts Emotion Recognition Independently of Negative Affect. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:738344. [PMID: 34630186 PMCID: PMC8495418 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.738344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Deficits in Emotion Recognition (ER) contribute significantly to poorer functional outcomes in people with schizophrenia. However, rather than reflecting a core symptom of schizophrenia, reduced ER has been suggested to reflect increased mood disorder co-morbidity and confounds of patient status such as medication. We investigated whether ER deficits are replicable in psychometrically defined schizotypy, and whether this putative association is mediated by increased negative affect. Methods: Two hundred and nine participants between the ages of 18 and 69 (66% female) were recruited from online platforms: 80% held an undergraduate qualification or higher, 44% were current students, and 46% were in current employment. Participants were assessed on psychometric schizotypy using the O-LIFE which maps onto the same symptoms structure (positive, negative, and disorganised) as schizophrenia. Negative affect was assessed using the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21). Emotion Recognition of both positive and negative emotions was assessed using the short version of the Geneva Emotion Recognition Task (GERT-S). Results: Negative schizotypy traits predicted poorer ER accuracy to negative emotions (β = -0.192, p = 0.002) as predicted. Unexpectedly, disorganised schizotypy traits predicted improved performance to negative emotions (β = 0.256, p = 0.007) (primarily disgust). Negative affect was found to be unrelated to ER performance of either valence (both p > 0.591). No measure predicted ER accuracy of positive emotions. Positive schizotypy traits were not found to predict either positive or negative ER accuracy. However, positive schizotypy predicted increased confidence in decisions and disorganised schizotypy predicted reduced confidence in decisions. Discussion: The replication of ER deficits in non-clinical negative schizotypy suggests that the association between negative symptoms and ER deficits in clinical samples may be independent of confounds of patient status (i.e., anti-psychotic medication). The finding that this association was independent of negative affect further suggests ER deficits in patients may also be independent of mood disorder co-morbidity. This association was not demonstrated for the positive symptom dimension of the O-LIFE, which may be due to low levels of this trait in the current sample.
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18
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Li T, Li G, Xue T, Zhang J. Analyzing Brain Connectivity in the Mutual Regulation of Emotion-Movement Using Bidirectional Granger Causality. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:369. [PMID: 32435177 PMCID: PMC7219140 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Body language and movement are important media of emotional expression. There is an interactive physiological relationship between emotion and movement. Thus, we hypothesize that the emotional cortex interacts with the motor cortex during the mutual regulation of emotion and movement. And this interaction can be revealed by brain connectivity analysis based on electroencephalogram (EEG) signal processing. We proposed a brain connectivity analysis method: bidirectional long short-term memory Granger causality (bi-LSTM-GC). The theoretical basis of the proposed method was Granger causality estimation using a bidirectional LSTM recurrent neural network (RNN) for solving nonlinear parameters. Then, we compared the accuracy of the bi-LSTM-GC with other unidirectional connectivity methods. The results demonstrated that the information interaction existed among multiple brain regions (EEG 10-20 system) in the paradigm of emotion-movement regulation. The detected directional dependencies in EEG signals were mainly distributed from the frontal to the central region and from the prefrontal to the central-parietal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Clothing Intelligence, School of Computer Science, Xi’an Polytechnic University, Xi’an, China
- State and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Advanced Networking & Intelligent Information Services, School of Computer Science, Xi’an Polytechnic University, Xi’an, China
| | - Guoqi Li
- Center for Brain Inspired Computing Research (CBICR), Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Xue
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Clothing Intelligence, School of Computer Science, Xi’an Polytechnic University, Xi’an, China
- State and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Advanced Networking & Intelligent Information Services, School of Computer Science, Xi’an Polytechnic University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jinhua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry for Modern Design and Rotor-Bearing System, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
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19
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Hoid D, Pan DN, Wang Y, Li X. Implicit emotion regulation deficits in individuals with high schizotypal traits: an ERP study. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3882. [PMID: 32127580 PMCID: PMC7054415 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60787-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Schizotypy is associated with poor emotion regulation that is thought to contribute to the development of psychotic symptoms and to indicate a predisposition to schizophrenia. Having focused primarily on the relationship between schizotypy and explicit emotion regulation, existing studies have, until now, neglected to acknowledge the potentially important role of implicit emotion regulation. Our aim in the current study was to investigate implicit emotion regulation deficits in schizotypy. To this end, we used a newly developed Priming-Identification (PI) ERP paradigm, consisting of a priming phase and an emotion identification phase, to test 30 individuals with schizotypy and 30 healthy controls while also acquiring EEG data. During the priming phase, we aimed to manipulate emotion regulation goals (i.e., to bring about an intended emotional state) by presenting a category of words related to emotion regulation alongside a category of control words. Associated brain responses occurring during the subsequent stage were indexed according to three ERP components: N170, early posterior negativity (EPN) and late positive potential (LPP). Results showed that, in the control group, priming words associated with emotion regulation led to enhancements in the early N170 amplitude and the middle EPN during expression identification. The same pattern was not observed in the schizotypy group. In summary, our results suggest the presence of deficits in the early and middle stages of the implicit emotion regulation process among individuals with high schizotypal traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delhii Hoid
- Key laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10049, China
| | - Dong-Ni Pan
- Key laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10049, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Key laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10049, China
| | - Xuebing Li
- Key laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10049, China.
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20
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Kozhuharova P, Saviola F, Ettinger U, Allen P. Neural correlates of social cognition in populations at risk of psychosis: A systematic review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2020; 108:94-111. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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21
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Krohne LG, Wang Y, Hinrich JL, Moerup M, Chan RCK, Madsen KH. Classification of social anhedonia using temporal and spatial network features from a social cognition fMRI task. Hum Brain Mapp 2019; 40:4965-4981. [PMID: 31403748 PMCID: PMC6865405 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have suggested that the degree of social anhedonia reflects the vulnerability for developing schizophrenia. However, only few studies have investigated how functional network changes are related to social anhedonia. The aim of this fMRI study was to classify subjects according to their degree of social anhedonia using supervised machine learning. More specifically, we extracted both spatial and temporal network features during a social cognition task from 70 subjects, and used support vector machines for classification. Since impairment in social cognition is well established in schizophrenia-spectrum disorders, the subjects performed a comic strip task designed to specifically probe theory of mind (ToM) and empathy processing. Features representing both temporal (time series) and network dynamics were extracted using task activation maps, seed region analysis, independent component analysis (ICA), and a newly developed multi-subject archetypal analysis (MSAA), which here aimed to further bridge aspects of both seed region analysis and decomposition by incorporating a spotlight approach.We found significant classification of subjects with elevated levels of social anhedonia when using the times series extracted using MSAA, indicating that temporal dynamics carry important information for classification of social anhedonia. Interestingly, we found that the same time series yielded the highest classification performance in a task classification of the ToM condition. Finally, the spatial network corresponding to that time series included both prefrontal and temporal-parietal regions as well as insula activity, which previously have been related schizotypy and the development of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laerke Gebser Krohne
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer ScienceTechnical University of DenmarkKgs. LyngbyDenmark
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and ResearchCopenhagen University HospitalHvidovreDenmark
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental HealthInstitute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Sino‐Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yi Wang
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental HealthInstitute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Jesper L. Hinrich
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer ScienceTechnical University of DenmarkKgs. LyngbyDenmark
| | - Morten Moerup
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer ScienceTechnical University of DenmarkKgs. LyngbyDenmark
| | - Raymond C. K. Chan
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental HealthInstitute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Sino‐Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Kristoffer H. Madsen
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer ScienceTechnical University of DenmarkKgs. LyngbyDenmark
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and ResearchCopenhagen University HospitalHvidovreDenmark
- Sino‐Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
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Cohen AS, Chan RCK, Debbané M. Crossing Boundaries in Schizotypy Research: An Introduction to the Special Supplement. Schizophr Bull 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sby089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alex S Cohen
- Department of Psychology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA
| | - Raymond C K Chan
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Martin Debbané
- Developmental Clinical Psychology Research Unit, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
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