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Romero-Neto I, de Almeida TM, Zugman T, Piovan L, Molento MB. Ovicidal activity of diaryl dichalcogenides and ivermectin on Fasciola hepatica: a novel candidate for a blending-based therapeutic strategy. Acta Trop 2024:107363. [PMID: 39153647 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Fasciolosis is a food and waterborne disease caused by Fasciola spp., representing a global health burden to various hosts, including humans and other animals. This study investigates the in vitro activity of tellurium- and selenium-containing diaryl dichalcogenides: diacetal ditelluride (LQ07), diacetal diselenide (LQ62), and diacetyl diselenide (LQ68) alone and in combination with ivermectin (IVM) against eggs of Fasciola hepatica. The eggs were exposed for 12 h with each organochalcogen (OC) (0.1 - 2 mmol L-1) and IVM (0.01 - 2 mmol L-1) following an incubation of 15 days, allowing embryonation. The inhibitory concentration of 50% (IC50) of each OC or IVM was tested with the IC10, IC30, and IC50 of IVM or each OC, respectively. LQ07, LQ62, and LQ68, as well as IVM, demonstrated a concentration-dependent ovicidal activity. The peak ovicidal activity of 99.74% was achieved when IVM was tested at 2.0 mmol L-1. LQ62 and LQ68 demonstrated greater ovicidal activity, having an IC50 < 0.32 mmol L-1 being 6.25-fold more toxic than IVM alone. The percentage of dead eggs was significantly higher in the IVM group (early mortality), as Se-containing OCs led to the (miracidia) embryonation of the eggs with no hatching (late mortality). Blending Se-containing OCs and IVM showed an additive effect of up to 27% against F. hepatica eggs. The present data contribute to the potential use of blending-based therapeutic strategies to combat F. hepatica infections in eradication programs worldwide. The combinations may also act against multidrug-resistant strains, reinstating drug-based parasite control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irineu Romero-Neto
- Laboratory of Veterinary Clinical Parasitology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, 80035-050, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Thayany Magalhães de Almeida
- Laboratory of Veterinary Clinical Parasitology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, 80035-050, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Tay Zugman
- Laboratory of Chemical and Enzymatic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, 81531-980, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Leandro Piovan
- Laboratory of Chemical and Enzymatic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, 81531-980, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Beltrão Molento
- Laboratory of Veterinary Clinical Parasitology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, 80035-050, Paraná, Brazil.
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2
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Ramli FF, Cowen PJ, Godlewska BR. The Potential Use of Ebselen in Treatment-Resistant Depression. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:485. [PMID: 35455482 PMCID: PMC9030939 DOI: 10.3390/ph15040485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Ebselen is an organoselenium compound developed as an antioxidant and subsequently shown to be a glutathione peroxidase (GPx) mimetic. Ebselen shows some efficacy in post-stroke neuroprotection and is currently in trial for the treatment and prevention of hearing loss, Meniere's Disease and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). In vitro screening studies show that ebselen is also an effective inhibitor of the enzyme inositol monophosphatase (IMPase), which is a key target of the mood-stabilising drug lithium. Further, in animal experimental studies, ebselen produces effects on the serotonin system very similar to those of lithium and also decreases behavioural impulsivity. The antidepressant effects of lithium in treatment-resistant depression (TRD) have been attributed to its ability to facilitate presynaptic serotonin activity; this suggests that ebselen might also have a therapeutic role in this condition. Human studies utilising magnetic resonance spectroscopy support the notion that ebselen, at therapeutic doses, inhibits IMPase in the human brain. Moreover, neuropsychological studies support an antidepressant profile for ebselen based on positive effects on emotional processing and reward seeking. Ebselen also lowers a human laboratory measure of impulsivity, a property that has been associated with lithium's anti-suicidal effects in patients with mood disorders. Current clinical studies are directed towards assessment of the neuropsychological effects of ebselen in TRD patients. It will also be important to ascertain whether ebselen is able to lower impulsivity and suicidal behaviour in clinical populations. The objective of this review is to summarise the developmental history, pre-clinical and clinical psychopharmacological properties of ebselen in psychiatric disorders and its potential application as a treatment for TRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fitri Fareez Ramli
- Clinical Psychopharmacology Research Group, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford OX3 7JX, UK; (F.F.R.); (P.J.C.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Philip J. Cowen
- Clinical Psychopharmacology Research Group, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford OX3 7JX, UK; (F.F.R.); (P.J.C.)
| | - Beata R. Godlewska
- Clinical Psychopharmacology Research Group, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford OX3 7JX, UK; (F.F.R.); (P.J.C.)
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3
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Prestes ADS, Dos Santos MM, Kamdem JP, Mancini G, Schüler da Silva LC, de Bem AF, Barbosa NV. Methylglyoxal disrupts the functionality of rat liver mitochondria. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 351:109677. [PMID: 34634269 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Methylglyoxal (MG) is a reactive metabolite derived from different physiological pathways. Its production can be harmful to cells via glycation reactions of lipids, DNA, and proteins. But, the effects of MG on mitochondrial functioning and bioenergetic responses are still elusive. Then, the effects of MG on key parameters of mitochondrial functionality were examined here. Isolated rat liver mitochondria were exposed to 0.1-10 mM of MG to determine its toxicity in the mitochondrial viability, membrane potential (Δψm), swelling and the superoxide (O2•-) production. Besides, mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation parameters were analyzed by high-resolution respiratory (HRR) assay. In this set of experiments, routine state, PM state (pyruvate/malate), oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), LEAK respiration, electron transport system (ETS) and oxygen residual (ROX) states were evaluated. HRR showed that PM state, OXPHOS CI-Linked, LEAK respiration, ETS CI/CII-Linked and ETS CII-Linked/ROX were significantly inhibited by MG exposure. MG also inhibited the complex II activity, and decreased Δψm and the viability of mitochondria. Taken together, our data indicates that MG is an inductor of mitochondrial dysfunctions and impairs important steps of respiratory chain, effects that can alter bioenergetics responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro de Souza Prestes
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
| | - Matheus Mülling Dos Santos
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Jean Paul Kamdem
- Department of Biological Sciences, Regional University of Cariri, Pimenta, Crato, CE, Brazil
| | - Gianni Mancini
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | | | - Andreza Fabro de Bem
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Nilda Vargas Barbosa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
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4
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Toxicology and pharmacology of synthetic organoselenium compounds: an update. Arch Toxicol 2021; 95:1179-1226. [PMID: 33792762 PMCID: PMC8012418 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-021-03003-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Here, we addressed the pharmacology and toxicology of synthetic organoselenium compounds and some naturally occurring organoselenium amino acids. The use of selenium as a tool in organic synthesis and as a pharmacological agent goes back to the middle of the nineteenth and the beginning of the twentieth centuries. The rediscovery of ebselen and its investigation in clinical trials have motivated the search for new organoselenium molecules with pharmacological properties. Although ebselen and diselenides have some overlapping pharmacological properties, their molecular targets are not identical. However, they have similar anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, possibly, via activation of transcription factors, regulating the expression of antioxidant genes. In short, our knowledge about the pharmacological properties of simple organoselenium compounds is still elusive. However, contrary to our early expectations that they could imitate selenoproteins, organoselenium compounds seem to have non-specific modulatory activation of antioxidant pathways and specific inhibitory effects in some thiol-containing proteins. The thiol-oxidizing properties of organoselenium compounds are considered the molecular basis of their chronic toxicity; however, the acute use of organoselenium compounds as inhibitors of specific thiol-containing enzymes can be of therapeutic significance. In summary, the outcomes of the clinical trials of ebselen as a mimetic of lithium or as an inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 proteases will be important to the field of organoselenium synthesis. The development of computational techniques that could predict rational modifications in the structure of organoselenium compounds to increase their specificity is required to construct a library of thiol-modifying agents with selectivity toward specific target proteins.
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5
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Amarsanaa K, Kim HJ, Ko EA, Jo J, Jung SC. Nobiletin Exhibits Neuroprotective Effects against Mitochondrial Complex I Inhibition via Regulating Apoptotic Signaling. Exp Neurobiol 2021; 30:73-86. [PMID: 33424017 PMCID: PMC7926044 DOI: 10.5607/en20051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Nobiletin, a polymethoxylated flavonoid found in citrus, has been studied because of its modulatory functions in cellular signaling cascades, and effects to prevent mitochondrial calcium overload and neuronal cell death. Particularly, we previously reported that nobiletin induced changes in the mitochondrial membrane potential through K+ channel regulation, suggesting that nobiletin might exert neuroprotective effects via regulating mitochondrial functions associated with the electron transport chain (ETC) system. This study investigated whether nobiletin regulated mitochondrial dysfunction mediated by ETC system downregulation by inhibiting complex I (CI) and complex III (CIII) in pure mitochondria and the cortical neurons of rats. The results showed that nobiletin significantly reduced mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, inhibited apoptotic signaling, enhanced ATP production and then restored neuronal viability under conditions of CI inhibition, but not CIII inhibition. These effects were attributed to the downregulation of translocation of apoptosis-induced factor (AIF), and the upregulation of CI activity and the expression of antioxidant enzymes such as Nrf2 and HO-1. Together with our previous study, these results indicate that the neuroprotective effects of nobiletin under mitochondrial dysfunction may be associated with its function to activate antioxidant signaling cascades. Our findings suggest the possibility that nobiletin has therapeutic potential in treating oxidative neurological and neurodegenerative diseases mediated by mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khulan Amarsanaa
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
| | - Hye-Ji Kim
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
| | - Eun-A Ko
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
| | - Jaemin Jo
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
| | - Sung-Cherl Jung
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea.,Institute of Medical Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea.,Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology & Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
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6
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Varela AT, Neves RAF, Nascimento SM, Oliveira PJ, Pardal MA, Rodrigues ET, Moreno AJ. Exposure to marine benthic dinoflagellate toxins may lead to mitochondrial dysfunction. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 240:108937. [PMID: 33171298 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2020.108937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Even though marine dinoflagellates are important primary producers, many toxic species may alter the natural equilibrium of aquatic ecosystems and even generate human intoxication incidents, as they are the major causative agents of harmful algal blooms. In order to deepen the knowledge regarding benthic dinoflagellate adverse effects, the present study aims to clarify the influence of Gambierdiscus excentricus strain UNR-08, Ostreopsis cf. ovata strain UNR-03 and Prorocentrum lima strain UNR-01 crude extracts on rat mitochondrial energetic function and permeability transition pore (mPTP) induction. Our results, expressed in number of dinoflagellate cell toxic compounds tested in a milligram of mitochondrial protein, revealed that 934 cells mg prot-1 of G. excentricus, and 7143 cells mg prot-1 of both O. cf. ovata and P. lima negatively affect mitochondrial function, including by decreasing ATP synthesis-related membrane potential variations. Moreover, considerably much lower concentrations of dinoflagellate extracts (117 cells mg prot-1 of G. excentricus, 1429 cells mg prot-1 of O. cf. ovata and 714 cells mg prot-1 of P. lima) produced mPTP-induced swelling in Ca2+-loaded isolated mitochondria. The present study clearly demonstrates the toxicity of G. excentricus, O. cf. ovata and P. lima extracts at the mitochondrial level, which may lead to mitochondrial failure and consequent cell toxicity, and that G. excentricus always provide much more severe effects than O. cf. ovata and P. lima.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana T Varela
- Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Raquel A F Neves
- Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; Laboratory of Marine Microalgae, Department of Ecology and Marine Resources, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Av. Pasteur 458-314B, 22290-240 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Silvia M Nascimento
- Laboratory of Marine Microalgae, Department of Ecology and Marine Resources, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Av. Pasteur 458-314B, 22290-240 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Paulo J Oliveira
- Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, UC Biotech, Biocant Park, 3060-197 Cantanhede, Portugal.
| | - Miguel A Pardal
- Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Elsa T Rodrigues
- Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - António J Moreno
- Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, UC Biotech, Biocant Park, 3060-197 Cantanhede, Portugal; Department of Life Sciences, Calçada Martim de Freitas, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal.
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7
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Chitosan quaternary ammonium salt induced mitochondrial membrane permeability transition pore opening study in a spectroscopic perspective. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 165:314-320. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.09.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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8
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Costa CA, Lopes RM, Ferraz LS, Esteves GN, Di Iorio JF, Souza AA, de Oliveira IM, Manarin F, Judice WA, Stefani HA, Rodrigues T. Cytotoxicity of 4-substituted quinoline derivatives: Anticancer and antileishmanial potential. Bioorg Med Chem 2020; 28:115511. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2020.115511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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9
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Diphenyl diselenide blunts swimming training on mitochondrial liver redox adaptation mechanisms of aged animals. SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11332-019-00603-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
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10
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Stefanello ST, Mizdal CR, Gonçalves DF, Hartmann DD, Dobrachinski F, de Carvalho NR, Salman SM, Sauer AC, Dornelles L, de Campos MMA, Soares FAA. The insertion of functional groups in organic selenium compounds promote changes in mitochondrial parameters and raise the antibacterial activity. Bioorg Chem 2020; 98:103727. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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11
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Tiezza MD, Ribaudo G, Orian L. Organodiselenides: Organic Catalysis and Drug Design Learning from Glutathione Peroxidase. CURR ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272822666180803123137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Organodiselenides are an important class of compounds characterized by the
presence of two adjacent covalently bonded selenium nuclei. Among them,
diaryldiselenides and their parent compound diphenyl diselenide attract continuing interest
in chemistry as well as in close disciplines like medicinal chemistry, pharmacology and
biochemistry. A search in SCOPUS database has revealed that in the last three years 105
papers have been published on the archetypal diphenyl diselenide and its use in organic
catalysis and drug tests. The reactivity of the Se-Se bond and the redox properties of selenium
make diselenides efficient catalysts for numerous organic reactions, such as Bayer-
Villiger oxidations of aldehydes/ketones, epoxidations of alkenes, oxidations of alcohols
and nitrogen containing compounds. In addition, organodiselenides might find application
as mimics of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), a family of enzymes, which, besides performing other functions,
regulate the peroxide tone in the cells and control the oxidative stress level. In this review, the essential synthetic
and reactivity aspects of organoselenides are collected and rationalized using the results of accurate
computational studies, which have been carried out mainly in the last two decades. The results obtained in
silico provide a clear explanation of the anti-oxidant activity of organodiselenides and more in general of their
ability to reduce hydroperoxides. At the same time, they are useful to gain insight into some aspects of the enzymatic
activity of the GPx, inspiring novel elements for rational catalyst and drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Dalla Tiezza
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Universita degli Studi di, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Giovanni Ribaudo
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Universita degli Studi di Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Laura Orian
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Universita degli Studi di, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
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12
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Saliu JA, Ademiluyi AO, Boligon AA, Oboh G, Schetinger MRC, Rocha JBT. Dietary supplementation of jute leaf (Corchorus olitorius) modulates hepatic delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (δ-ALAD) activity and oxidative status in high-fat fed/low streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Food Biochem 2019; 43:e12949. [PMID: 31368580 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Impaired liver function is associated with decreased hepatic delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (δ-ALAD) activity in diabetes mellitus. Hence, this study described the effect of dietary jute leaf (Corchorus olitorius) on hepatic δ-ALAD activity in high-fat fed combined with low-dose streptozotocin administered diabetic rats. Animals were fed diets containing 35% fat for 14 days prior to a single administration of low-dose (35 mg/kg body weight) streptozotocin to induce diabetes. Thereafter, the animals were randomly placed in groups and fed 100 mg/g jute leaf-supplemented diets for 30 days. The result showed that jute leaf supplementation significantly (p < 0.05) reversed the decreased hepatic δ-ALAD activity, increased hepatic catalase and SOD activity accompanying the decrease in serum AST and AST activities. This finding suggests that restoration of hepatic δ-ALAD activity, modulation of hepatic function biomarkers, and increase in antioxidant status could be possible underlying events mediating the hepatoprotective effect of jute leaf in diabetic conditions. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Decrease in hepatic δ-ALAD activity has been associated with diabetes-induced hepatotoxicity arising from prolonged and uncontrolled hyperglycemia. Therefore, increased δ-ALAD activity represents improved hepatic function in diabetic situations. Antidiabetic properties of jute leaf have been demonstrated but information on its effect on hepatic δ-ALAD is lacking. Thus, this study revealed that dietary supplementation of jute leaf restored hepatic δ-ALAD activities and improved liver antioxidant status in diabetic rats which is an indication of its hepatoprotective properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamiyu Ayodeji Saliu
- Department of Biochemistry, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba Akoko, Nigeria.,Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria.,Biological Sciences, Center for Natural Sciences and Exact, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Adedayo Oluwaseun Ademiluyi
- Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria.,Biological Sciences, Center for Natural Sciences and Exact, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | | | - Ganiyu Oboh
- Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | | | - João Batista Teixeira Rocha
- Biological Sciences, Center for Natural Sciences and Exact, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
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13
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Guanosine protects against Ca 2+-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 111:1438-1446. [PMID: 30841459 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.01.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria play an important role in cell life and in the regulation of cell death. In addition, mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to a wide range of neuropathologies. The nucleoside Guanosine (GUO) is an endogenous molecule, presenting antioxidant properties, possibly due to its direct scavenging ability and/or from its capacity to activate the antioxidant defense system. GUO demonstrate a neuroprotective effect due to the modulation of the glutamatergic system and maintenance of the redox system. Thus, considering the few studies focused on the direct effects of GUO on mitochondrial bioenergetics, we designed a study to evaluate the in vitro effects of GUO on rat mitochondrial function, as well as against Ca2+-induced impairment. Our results indicate that GUO prevented mitochondrial dysfunction induced by Ca2+ misbalance, once GUO was able to reduce mitochondrial swelling in the presence of Ca2+, as well as ROS production and hydrogen peroxide levels, and to increase manganese superoxide dismutase activity, oxidative phosphorylation and tricarboxylic acid cycle activities. Our study indicates for the first time that GUO could direct prevent the mitochondrial damage induced by Ca2+ and that these effects were not related to its scavenging properties. Our data indicates that GUO could be included as a new pharmacological strategy for diseases linked to mitochondrial dysfunction.
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14
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Interaction energy profile for diphenyl diselenide in complex with δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase enzyme using quantum calculations and a molecular fragmentation method. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comtox.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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15
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Carvalho NR, Tassi CC, Dobraschinski F, Amaral GP, Zemolin AP, Golombieski RM, Dalla Corte CL, Franco JL, Mauriz JL, González-Gallego J, Soares FA. Reversal of bioenergetics dysfunction by diphenyl diselenide is critical to protection against the acetaminophen-induced acute liver failure. Life Sci 2017; 180:42-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2017.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Revised: 04/29/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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16
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Mariano DOC, de Souza D, Meinerz DF, Allebrandt J, de Bem AF, Hassan W, Rodrigues OED, da Rocha JBT. The potential toxicological insights about the anti-HIV drug azidothymidine-derived monoselenides in human leukocytes: Toxicological insights of new selenium-azidothymidine analogs. Hum Exp Toxicol 2016; 36:910-918. [DOI: 10.1177/0960327116674529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a worldwide disease characterized by impairments of immune function. AIDS can be associated with oxidative stress (OS) that can be linked to selenium (Se) deficiency. Se is fundamental for the synthesis of selenoproteins, such as glutathione peroxidase and thioredoxin reductase. These enzymes catalyze the decomposition of reactive oxygen species and contribute to maintain equilibrium in cell redox status. Literature data indicate that organoselenium compounds, such as ebselen and diphenyl diselenide, have antioxidant properties in vitro and in vivo models associated with OS. Nevertheless, selenocompounds can also react and oxidize thiols groups, inducing toxicity in mammals. Here, we tested the potential cytotoxic and genotoxic properties of six analogs of the prototypal anti-HIV drug azidothymidine (AZT) containing Se (5′-Se-(phenyl)zidovudine; 5′-Se-(1,3,5-trimethylphenyl)zidovudine; 5′-Se-(1-naphtyl)zidovudine; 5′-Se-(4-chlorophenyl)zidovudine) (C4); 5′-Se-(4-methylphenyl)zidovudine (C5); and 5′-(4-methylbenzoselenoate)zidovudine). C5 increased the rate of dithiothreitol oxidation (thiol oxidase activity) and C2-C4 and C6 (at 100 µM) increased DNA damage index (DI) in human leukocytes. Moreover, C5 (200 µM) decreased human leukocyte viability to about 50%. Taken together, these results indicated the low in vitro toxicity in human leukocytes of some Se-containing analogs of AZT.
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Affiliation(s)
- DOC Mariano
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - D de Souza
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - DF Meinerz
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - J Allebrandt
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - AF de Bem
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - W Hassan
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - OED Rodrigues
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - JBT da Rocha
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
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17
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Stoyanovsky DA, Jiang J, Murphy MP, Epperly M, Zhang X, Li S, Greenberger J, Kagan V, Bayır H. Correction to "Design and Synthesis of a Mitochondria-Targeted Mimic of Glutathione Peroxidase, MitoEbselen-2, as a Radiation Mitigator". ACS Med Chem Lett 2016; 7:653-4. [PMID: 27326344 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.6b00212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1021/ml5003635.].
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18
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Zhao J, Ma L, Xiang X, Guo QL, Jiang FL, Liu Y. Microcalorimetric studies on the energy release of isolated rat mitochondria under different concentrations of gadolinium (III). CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 153:414-418. [PMID: 27031804 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.03.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Revised: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Gadolinium-based compounds are most widely utilized for paramagnetic contrast agents, but, the toxicological mechanism of gadolinium (Gd) had not been fully elucidated since the first report about Gd anomaly. In this work, we analyzed the effect of Gd(3+) on mitochondria in vitro by microcalorimetry. Microcalorimetry can provide detailed kinetic and thermodynamic information from thermogenic curve. At the tested concentration, Gd(3+) induced the increase of growth rate constant (k1). At high concentration (100-500 μM), the maximum power output time (tm), the decline rate constant (-k2) and the time of activity recovery phase (tR) decreased with the addition of Gd(3+) and the maximum power output (Pm) increased. At low concentration (0-100 μM), the changes were different from high concentration. From the results we concluded that the effect of different concentrations of Gd(3+) had a relationship with time, high concentration of Gd(3+) induced mitochondrial energy metabolism disturb however low concentration may promote mitochondrial adaption to physiological stresses. The effect of low concentration of Gd(3+) need more work to elucidate the mechanism. The results of total heat output (Q) and mitochondrial respiratory activities suggested high concentrations of Gd(3+) could accelerate adenosine triphosphate (ATP) consumption under respiratory system damaged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, PR China
| | - Long Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, PR China
| | - Xun Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, PR China
| | - Qing-Lian Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, PR China.
| | - Feng-Lei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, PR China
| | - Yi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, PR China.
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19
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Selenium and mercury levels in rat liver slices co-treated with diphenyl diselenide and methylmercury. Biometals 2016; 29:543-50. [DOI: 10.1007/s10534-016-9936-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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20
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Pavón N, Correa F, Buelna-Chontal M, Hernández-Esquivel L, Chávez E. Ebselen induces mitochondrial permeability transition because of its interaction with adenine nucleotide translocase. Life Sci 2015; 139:108-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2015.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Revised: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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21
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Jiao YH, Zhang Q, Pan LL, Chen XY, Lei KL, Zhao J, Jiang FL, Liu Y. Rat Liver Mitochondrial Dysfunction Induced by an Organic Arsenical Compound 4-(2-Nitrobenzaliminyl) Phenyl Arsenoxide. J Membr Biol 2015; 248:1071-8. [PMID: 26087905 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-015-9818-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic is successfully used in cancer chemotherapy and several cancer treatments on account of its apoptogenic effects. However, it is environmentally hazardous with potential for toxicity when distributed in the soil, water, and food, and long exposure to water contaminated with Arsenic may induce cancers. Some research studies have reported that liver is the storage site and an important target organ for Arsenic toxicity. In the present work, a new kind of organic arsenic compound, 4-(2-nitrobenzaliminyl) phenyl arsenoxide (NPA), was synthesized, and its potential involvement of mitochondria was explored. The results presented that the toxicology of NPA, at least in part, mediated mitochondrial function and may thoroughly destroy mitochondrial membrane physiological functions. NPA induced mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mtPTP) opening that induces mitochondrial biochemical abnormalities as evidenced by mitochondrial swelling, mitochondrial membrane potential breakdown, membrane fluidity alterations, and the strikingly remarkable protection of CsA. Meanwhile, both the decreased respiration rate of state 4 and the increased inner membrane H(+) permeabilization revealed that the inner membrane function regarding important energy production chain was destroyed. The toxicity of NPA is due to its interaction with mitochondrial membrane thiol protein. This conclusion is based on the protective effects of RR, DTT, and MBM(+).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Hong Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Viology and Key Laboratory of Ananlytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, People's Republic of China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, 435003, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, 435003, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling-Li Pan
- Center Hospital of Huangshi City, Huangshi, 435002, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-You Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Viology and Key Laboratory of Ananlytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke-Lin Lei
- School of Chemical Engineering and Food Science, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, 441053, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Viology and Key Laboratory of Ananlytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, People's Republic of China.
| | - Feng-Lei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Viology and Key Laboratory of Ananlytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Viology and Key Laboratory of Ananlytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, People's Republic of China
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22
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A novel method for the simultaneous analysis of seven biothiols in rice (Oryza sativa L.) using hydrophilic interaction chromatography coupled with electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2015; 976-977:19-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2014.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Revised: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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23
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Stoyanovsky DA, Jiang J, Murphy MP, Epperly M, Zhang X, Li S, Greenberger J, Kagan V, Bayır H. Design and Synthesis of a Mitochondria-Targeted Mimic of Glutathione Peroxidase, MitoEbselen-2, as a Radiation Mitigator. ACS Med Chem Lett 2014; 5:1304-1307. [PMID: 25530831 PMCID: PMC4266336 DOI: 10.1021/ml5003635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
![]()
Ionizing radiation
(IR) triggers mitochondrial overproduction of H2O2 and accumulation of lipid hydroperoxides leading to the induction
of apoptotic and necroptotic cell death pathways. Given the high catalytic
efficiency of the seleno-enzyme glutathione peroxidase (Gpx) toward
reduction of lipid hydroperoxides and H2O2,
we tested the potential of mitochondria-targeted derivatives of ebselen
to mitigate the deleterious effects of IR. We report that 2-[[2-[4-(3-oxo-1,2-benzoselenazol-2-yl)phenyl]acetyl]amino]ethyl-triphenyl-phosphonium
chloride (MitoPeroxidase 2) was effective in reducing lipid hydroperoxides,
preventing apoptotic cell death, and, when administered 24 h postirradiation,
increased the survival of mice exposed to whole body γ-irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Michael P. Murphy
- Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Hills
Road, Cambridge, U.K
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24
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Nikiforova AB, Saris NEL, Kruglov AG. External mitochondrial NADH-dependent reductase of redox cyclers: VDAC1 or Cyb5R3? Free Radic Biol Med 2014; 74:74-84. [PMID: 24945955 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2013] [Revised: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
It was reported that VDAC1 possesses an NADH oxidoreductase activity and plays an important role in the activation of xenobiotics in the outer mitochondrial membrane. In the present work, we evaluated the participation of VDAC1 and Cyb5R3 in the NADH-dependent activation of various redox cyclers in mitochondria. We show that external NADH oxidoreductase caused the redox cycling of menadione ≫ lucigenin>nitrofurantoin. Paraquat was predominantly activated by internal mitochondria oxidoreductases. An increase in the ionic strength stimulated and suppressed the redox cycling of negatively and positively charged acceptors, as was expected for the Cyb5R3-mediated reduction. Antibodies against Cyb5R3 but not VDAC substantially inhibited the NADH-related oxidoreductase activities. The specific VDAC blockers G3139 and erastin, separately or in combination, in concentrations sufficient for the inhibition of substrate transport, exhibited minimal effects on the redox cycler-dependent NADH oxidation, ROS generation, and reduction of exogenous cytochrome c. In contrast, Cyb5R3 inhibitors (6-propyl-2-thiouracil, p-chloromercuriobenzoate, quercetin, mersalyl, and ebselen) showed similar patterns of inhibition of ROS generation and cytochrome c reduction. The analysis of the spectra of the endogenous cytochromes b5 and c in the presence of nitrofurantoin and the inhibitors of VDAC and Cyb5R3 demonstrated that the redox cycler can transfer electrons from Cyb5R3 to endogenous cytochrome c. This caused the oxidation of outer membrane-bound cytochrome b5, which is in redox balance with Cyb5R3. The data obtained argue against VDAC1 and in favor of Cyb5R3 involvement in the activation of redox cyclers in the outer mitochondrial membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna B Nikiforova
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Nils-Erik L Saris
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Alexey G Kruglov
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia.
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25
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Zhao J, Zhou ZQ, Jin JC, Yuan L, He H, Jiang FL, Yang XG, Dai J, Liu Y. Mitochondrial dysfunction induced by different concentrations of gadolinium ion. CHEMOSPHERE 2014; 100:194-199. [PMID: 24321333 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2013] [Revised: 11/10/2013] [Accepted: 11/13/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Gadolinium-based compounds are the most widely used paramagnetic contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging on the world. But the tricationic gadolinium ion (Gd(3+)) could induce cell apoptosis probably because of its effects on mitochondria. Until now, the mechanism about how Gd(3+) interacts with mitochondria is not well elucidated. In this work, mitochondrial swelling, collapsed transmembrane potential and decreased membrane fluidity were observed to be important factors for mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mtPTP) opening induced by Gd(3+). The protection effect of CsA (Cyclosporin A) could confirm high concentration of Gd(3+) (500 μM) would trigger mtPTP opening. Moreover, mitochondrial outer membrane breakdown and volume expansion observed clearly by transmission electron microscopy and the release of Cyt c (Cytochrome c) could explain the mtPTP opening from another aspect. In addition, MBM(+) (monobromobimane(+)) and DTT (dithiothreitol) could protect thiol (-SH) groups from oxidation so that the toxicity of Gd(3+) might be resulted from the chelation of -SH of membrane proteins by free Gd(3+). Gd(3+) could inhibit the initiation of mitochondrial membrane lipid peroxidation, so it might interact with anionic lipids too. These findings will highly contribute to the safe applications of Gd-based agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Jian-Cheng Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Lian Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Huan He
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Feng-Lei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China.
| | - Xiao-Gang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Jie Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Yi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
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Induction of apoptosis in human multiple myeloma cell lines by ebselen via enhancing the endogenous reactive oxygen species production. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:696107. [PMID: 24587987 PMCID: PMC3921973 DOI: 10.1155/2014/696107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2013] [Revised: 10/10/2013] [Accepted: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Ebselen a selenoorganic compound showing glutathione peroxidase like activity is an anti-inflammatory and antioxidative agent. Its cytoprotective activity has been investigated in recent years. However, experimental evidence also shows that ebselen causes cell death in several cancer cell types whose mechanism has not yet been elucidated. In this study, we examined the effect of ebselen on multiple myeloma (MM) cell lines in vitro. The results showed that ebselen significantly enhanced the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) accompanied by cell viability decrease and apoptosis rate increase. Further studies revealed that ebselen can induce Bax redistribution from the cytosol to mitochondria leading to mitochondrial membrane potential ΔΨm changes and cytochrome C release from the mitochondria to cytosol. Furtherly, we found that exogenous addition of N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) completely diminished the cell damage induced by ebselen. This result suggests that relatively high concentration of ebselen can induce MM cells apoptosis in culture by enhancing the production of endogenous ROS and triggering mitochondria mediated apoptotic pathway.
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27
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New therapeutic approach: diphenyl diselenide reduces mitochondrial dysfunction in acetaminophen-induced acute liver failure. PLoS One 2013; 8:e81961. [PMID: 24349162 PMCID: PMC3859582 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0081961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2013] [Accepted: 10/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The acute liver failure (ALF) induced by acetaminophen (APAP) is closely related to oxidative damage and depletion of hepatic glutathione, consequently changes in cell energy metabolism and mitochondrial dysfunction have been observed after APAP overdose. Diphenyl diselenide [(PhSe)2], a simple organoselenium compound with antioxidant properties, previously demonstrated to confer hepatoprotection. However, little is known about the protective mechanism on mitochondria. The main objective of this study was to investigate the effects (PhSe)2 to reduce mitochondrial dysfunction and, secondly, compare in the liver homogenate the hepatoprotective effects of the (PhSe)2 to the N-acetylcysteine (NAC) during APAP-induced ALF to validate our model. Mice were injected intraperitoneal with APAP (600 mg/kg), (PhSe)2 (15.6 mg/kg), NAC (1200 mg/kg), APAP+(PhSe)2 or APAP+NAC, where the (PhSe)2 or NAC treatment were given 1 h following APAP. The liver was collected 4 h after overdose. The plasma alanine and aspartate aminotransferase activities increased after APAP administration. APAP caused a remarkable increase of oxidative stress markers (lipid peroxidation, reactive species and protein carbonylation) and decrease of the antioxidant defense in the liver homogenate and mitochondria. APAP caused a marked loss in the mitochondrial membrane potential, the mitochondrial ATPase activity, and the rate of mitochondrial oxygen consumption and increased the mitochondrial swelling. All these effects were significantly prevented by (PhSe)2. The effectiveness of (PhSe)2 was similar at a lower dose than NAC. In summary, (PhSe)2 provided a significant improvement to the mitochondrial redox homeostasis and the mitochondrial bioenergetics dysfunction caused by membrane permeability transition in the hepatotoxicity APAP-induced.
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28
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Elekofehinti OO, Kamdem JP, Bolingon AA, Athayde ML, Lopes SR, Waczuk EP, Kade IJ, Adanlawo IG, Rocha JBT. African eggplant (Solanum anguivi Lam.) fruit with bioactive polyphenolic compounds exerts in vitro antioxidant properties and inhibits Ca(2+)-induced mitochondrial swelling. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2013; 3:757-66. [PMID: 24075339 DOI: 10.1016/s2221-1691(13)60152-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2013] [Revised: 07/20/2013] [Accepted: 08/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the antioxidant and radical scavenging activities of Solanum anguivi fruit (SAG) and its possible effect on mitochondrial permeability transition pore as well as mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) isolated from rat liver. METHODS Antioxidant activity of SAG was assayed by using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), reducing power, iron chelation and ability to inhibit lipid peroxidation in both liver and brain homogenate of rats. Also, the effect of SAG on mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial swelling were determined. Identification and quantification of bioactive polyphenolics was done by HPLC-DAD. RESULTS SAG exhibited potent and concentration dependent free radical-scavenging activity (IC50/DPPH=275.03±7.8 μg/mL). Reductive and iron chelation abilities also increase with increase in SAG concentration. SAG also inhibited peroxidation of cerebral and hepatic lipids subjected to iron oxidative assault. SAG protected against Ca(2+) (110 μmol/L)-induced mitochondrial swelling and maintained the ΔΨm. HPLC analysis revealed the presence of gallic acid [(17.54±0.04) mg/g], chlorogenic acid (21.90±0.02 mg/g), caffeic acid (16.64±0.01 mg/g), rutin [(14.71±0.03) mg/g] and quercetin [(7.39±0.05) mg/g]. CONCLUSIONS These effects could be attributed to the bioactive polyphenolic compounds present in the extract. Our results suggest that SAG extract is a potential source of natural antioxidants that may be used not only in pharmaceutical and food industry but also in the treatment of diseases associated with oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olusola Olalekan Elekofehinti
- Department of Biochemistry, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba, Ondo State, Nigeria; Department of Biochemistry, University of Ado Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria; Postgraduate Programme in Biochemical Toxicology, Department of Chemistry, CCNE, Federal University of Santa Maria, Campus Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
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29
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Pino MA, Pietka-Ottlik M, Billack B. Selected ebselen analogs reduce mechlorethamine toxicityin vitro. Cutan Ocul Toxicol 2013; 33:32-41. [DOI: 10.3109/15569527.2013.794818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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30
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Colle D, Santos DB, Hartwig JM, Godoi M, Braga AL, Farina M. Succinobucol versus probucol: Higher efficiency of succinobucol in mitigating 3-NP-induced brain mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in vitro. Mitochondrion 2013; 13:125-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2013.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2012] [Revised: 01/08/2013] [Accepted: 01/08/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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31
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Puntel RL, Roos DH, Seeger RL, Rocha JB. Mitochondrial electron transfer chain complexes inhibition by different organochalcogens. Toxicol In Vitro 2013; 27:59-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2012.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2012] [Revised: 10/12/2012] [Accepted: 10/13/2012] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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32
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Puntel RL, Roos DH, Seeger RL, Aschner M, Rocha JBT. Organochalcogens inhibit mitochondrial complexes I and II in rat brain: possible implications for neurotoxicity. Neurotox Res 2012; 24:109-18. [PMID: 23224748 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-012-9365-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2012] [Revised: 11/20/2012] [Accepted: 11/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Organochalcogens, such as organoselenium and organotellurium compounds, can be neurotoxic to rodents. Since mitochondrial dysfunction plays a pivotal role in neurological disorders, the present study was designed to test the hypothesis that rat brain mitochondrial complexes (I, II, I-III, II-III and IV) could be molecular targets of organochalcogens. The results show that organochalcogens caused statistically significant inhibition of mitochondrial complex I activity, which was prevented by preincubation with NADH and fully blunted by reduced glutathione (GSH). Mitochondrial complex II activity remained unchanged in response to (PhSe)₂ treatment. Ebs and (PhTe)₂ caused a significant concentration-dependent inhibition of complex II that was also blunted by GSH. Mitochondrial complex IV activity was not modified by organochalcogens. Collectively, Ebs, (PhSe)₂ and (PhTe)₂ were more effective inhibitors of brain mitochondrial complex I than of complex II, whereas they did not affect complex IV. These observations are consistent with organochalcogens inducing mitochondrial complex I and II inhibition via their thiol-oxidase-like activity, with Ebs, (PhSe)₂ and (PhTe)₂ effectively oxidising critical thiol groups of these complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robson Luiz Puntel
- Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus Uruguaiana BR-472 Km 7, Uruguaiana, RS 97500-970, Brazil.
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Diphenyl diselenide prevents methylmercury-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in rat liver slices. Tetrahedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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34
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Interaction profile of diphenyl diselenide with pharmacologically significant thiols. Molecules 2012; 17:12287-96. [PMID: 23085664 PMCID: PMC6268572 DOI: 10.3390/molecules171012287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2012] [Revised: 09/27/2012] [Accepted: 09/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Diphenyl diselenide has shown interesting biological activities in various free-radical-induced damage models and can be considered as a potential candidate drug against oxidative stress. Apart from its anti-oxidant activity, this compound can oxidize various thiols. However there are no detailed studies in the literature about the thiol oxidase-like activity of this compound against biologically significant mono and di-thiols with respect to various pH conditions. Keeping in mind the scarcity of data in this area of organochalcogen chemistry, we report for the first time the kinetics of thiol oxidation by diphenyl diselenide, which was carried out in a commonly used phosphate buffer, not only at physiological pH, but also at a number of acidic values. The relative reactivities of the different thiols with diphenyl diselenide were independent of the pKa of the thiol group, such that at pH 7.4, cysteine and dithiothreitol were the most reactive, while 2,3-dimercapto-1-propanesulfonic acid and glutathione were weakly reactive and extremely low reactivity was observed with dimercaptosuccinic acid. Rate of oxidation was dependent on the pH of the incubation medium. The results obtained will help us in the design of rational strategies for the safe pharmacological use of diphenyl diselenide.
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Ibrahim M, Hassan W, Meinerz DF, dos Santos M, V. Klimaczewski C, M. Deobald A, Costa MS, Nogueira CW, Barbosa NBV, Rocha JBT. Antioxidant properties of diorganoyl diselenides and ditellurides: modulation by organic aryl or naphthyl moiety. Mol Cell Biochem 2012; 371:97-104. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-012-1426-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2012] [Accepted: 08/03/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Caro AA, Adlong LW, Crocker SJ, Gardner MW, Luikart EF, Gron LU. Effect of garlic-derived organosulfur compounds on mitochondrial function and integrity in isolated mouse liver mitochondria. Toxicol Lett 2012; 214:166-74. [PMID: 22960305 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2012.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2012] [Revised: 08/21/2012] [Accepted: 08/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The objectives of this work were to evaluate the direct effects of diallysulfide (DAS) and diallyldisulfide (DADS), two major organosulfur compounds of garlic oil, on mitochondrial function and integrity, by using isolated mouse liver mitochondria in a cell-free system. DADS produced concentration-dependent mitochondrial swelling over the range 125-1000μM, while DAS was ineffective. Swelling experiments performed with de-energized or energized mitochondria showed similar maximal swelling amplitudes. Cyclosporin A (1μM), or ethylene glycol-bis(2-aminoethylether)-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid (EGTA, 1mM) were ineffective in inhibiting DADS-induced mitochondrial swelling. DADS produced a minor (12%) decrease in mitochondrial membrane protein thiols, but did not induce clustering of mitochondrial membrane proteins. Incubation of mitochondria with DADS (but not DAS) produced an increase in the oxidation rate of 2',7' dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA), together with depletion of reduced glutathione (GSH) and increased lipid peroxidation. DADS (but not DAS) produced a concentration-dependent dissipation of the mitochondrial membrane potential, but did not induce cytochrome c release. DADS-dependent effects, including mitochondrial swelling, DCFH-DA oxidation, lipid peroxidation and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, were inhibited by antioxidants and iron chelators. These results suggest that DADS causes direct impairment of mitochondrial function as the result of oxidation of the membrane lipid phase initiated by the GSH- and iron-dependent generation of oxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andres A Caro
- Chemistry Department, Hendrix College, Conway, AR, United States.
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Saraiva RA, Bueno DC, Nogara PA, Rocha JBT. Molecular docking studies of disubstituted diaryl diselenides as mammalian δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase enzyme inhibitors. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2012; 75:1012-1022. [PMID: 22852851 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2012.697810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
δ-Aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (δ-ALAD) is a metalloprotein that catalyzes porphobilinogen formation. This enzyme is sensitive to pro-oxidants and classically used as a biomarker of lead (Pb) intoxication. Diphenyl diselenide [(PhSe)₂] and analogs bis(4-chlorophenyl) diselenide [(pCl₃PhSe)₂], bis(4-methoxyphenyl)diselenide [(pCH₃OPhSe)₂], and bis[3-(trifluoromethy)phenyl] diselenide [(mCF₃PhSe)₂] inhibit mammalian δ-ALAD by oxidizing enzyme cysteinyl residues, which are involved in diselenide-induced toxicity. 2-Cysteinyl residues from δ-ALAD are believed to sequentially interact with (PhSe)₂. Thus this study utilized protein-ligand docking analyses to determine which cysteinyl residues might be involved in the inhibitory effect of (PhSe)₂ and analogs toward δ-ALAD. All diselenides that interact in a similar manner with the active site of δ-ALAD were examined. Docking simulations indicated an important role for π-π interactions involving Phe208 and cation-π interactions involving Lys199 and Arg209 residues with the aromatic ring of (PhSe)₂ and analogs. Based upon these interactions an approximation between Se atoms and -SH of Cys124, with distances ranging between 3.3 Å and 3.5 Å, was obtained. These data support our previous postulations regarding the mechanism underlying δ-ALAD oxidation mediated by (PhSe)₂ and analogs. Based on protein-ligand docking analyses, data indicated that -SH of Cys124 attacks one of the Se atoms of -SH of (PhSe)₂ releasing one PhSeH (selenophenol). Subsequently, the -SH of Cys132 attacks the sulfur atom of Cys124 (from the bond of E-S-Se-Ph indermediate), generating the second PhSe⁻, and the oxidized and inhibited δ-ALAD. In conclusion, AutoDock Vina 1.1.1 was a useful tool to search for diselenides inhibitors of δ-ALAD, and, most importantly, it provided insight into molecular mechanisms involved in enzyme inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Saraiva
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Campus Universitário, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
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da Silva MH, da Rosa EJF, de Carvalho NR, Dobrachinski F, da Rocha JBT, Mauriz JL, González-Gallego J, Soares FAA. Acute Brain Damage Induced by Acetaminophen in Mice: Effect of Diphenyl Diselenide on Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction. Neurotox Res 2011; 21:334-44. [DOI: 10.1007/s12640-011-9288-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2011] [Revised: 10/21/2011] [Accepted: 10/31/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Mechanism(s) of Toxic Action of Zn and Selenite: A Study on AS-30D Hepatoma Cells and Isolated Mitochondria. Biochem Res Int 2011; 2011:387297. [PMID: 21860797 PMCID: PMC3154521 DOI: 10.1155/2011/387297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2011] [Accepted: 06/06/2011] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria of AS-30D rat ascites hepatoma cells are found to be the main target for Zn2+ and sodium selenite (Na2SeO3). High [mu]M concentrations of Zn2+ or selenite were strongly cytotoxic, killing the AS-30D cells by both apoptotic and necrotic ways. Both Zn2+ and selenite produced strong changes in intracellular generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the mitochondrial dysfunction via the mitochondrial electron transport chain (mtETC) disturbance, the membrane potential dissipation, and the mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening. The significant distinctions in toxic action of Zn2+ and selenite on AS-30D cells were found. Selenite induced a much higher intracellular ROS level (the early event) compared to Zn2+ but a lower membrane potential loss and a lower decrease of the uncoupled respiration rate of the cells, whereas the mtETC disturbance was the early and critical event in the mechanism of Zn2+ cytotoxicity. Sequences of events manifested in the mitochondrial dysfunction produced by the metal/metalloid under test are compared with those obtained earlier for Cd2+, Hg2+, and Cu2+ on the same model system.
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Toxicology and pharmacology of selenium: emphasis on synthetic organoselenium compounds. Arch Toxicol 2011; 85:1313-59. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-011-0720-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 330] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2011] [Accepted: 05/18/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Roos DH, Puntel RL, Farina M, Aschner M, Bohrer D, Rocha JBT, de Vargas Barbosa NB. Modulation of methylmercury uptake by methionine: prevention of mitochondrial dysfunction in rat liver slices by a mimicry mechanism. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2011; 252:28-35. [PMID: 21276810 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2011.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2010] [Revised: 12/21/2010] [Accepted: 01/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Methylmercury (MeHg) is an ubiquitous environmental pollutant which is transported into the mammalian cells when present as the methylmercury-cysteine conjugate (MeHg-Cys). With special emphasis on hepatic cells, due to their particular propensity to accumulate an appreciable amount of Hg after exposure to MeHg, this study was performed to evaluate the effects of methionine (Met) on Hg uptake, reactive species (RS) formation, oxygen consumption and mitochondrial function/cellular viability in both liver slices and mitochondria isolated from these slices, after exposure to MeHg or the MeHg-Cys complex. The liver slices were pre-treated with Met (250 μM) 15 min before being exposed to MeHg (25 μM) or MeHg-Cys (25 μM each) for 30 min at 37 °C. The treatment with MeHg caused a significant increase in the Hg concentration in both liver slices and mitochondria isolated from liver slices. Moreover, the Hg uptake was higher in the group exposed to the MeHg-Cys complex. In the DCF (dichlorofluorescein) assay, the exposure to MeHg and MeHg-Cys produced a significant increase in DFC reactive species (DFC-RS) formation only in the mitochondria isolated from liver slices. As observed with Hg uptake, DFC-RS levels were significantly higher in the mitochondria treated with the MeHg-Cys complex compared to MeHg alone. MeHg exposure also caused a marked decrease in the oxygen consumption of liver slices when compared to the control group, and this effect was more pronounced in the liver slices treated with the MeHg-Cys complex. Similarly, the loss of mitochondrial activity/cell viability was greater in liver slices exposed to the MeHg-Cys complex when compared to slices treated only with MeHg. In all studied parameters, Met pre-treatment was effective in preventing the MeHg- and/or MeHg-Cys-induced toxicity in both liver slices and mitochondria. Part of the protection afforded by Met against MeHg may be related to a direct interaction with MeHg or to the competition of Met with the complex formed between MeHg and endogenous cysteine. In summary, our results show that Met pre-treatment produces pronounced protection against the toxic effects induced by MeHg and/or the MeHg-Cys complex on mitochondrial function and cell viability. Consequently, this amino acid offers considerable promise as a potential agent for treating acute MeHg exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Henrique Roos
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, CEP 97105-900, Brazil
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Plano D, Baquedano Y, Ibáñez E, Jiménez I, Palop JA, Spallholz JE, Sanmartín C. Antioxidant-prooxidant properties of a new organoselenium compound library. Molecules 2010; 15:7292-312. [PMID: 20966875 PMCID: PMC6259179 DOI: 10.3390/molecules15107292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2010] [Revised: 10/18/2010] [Accepted: 10/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study describes the biological evaluation of a library of 59 organo-selenium compounds as superoxide (O₂⁻) generators and cytotoxic agents in human prostate cancer cells (PC-3) and in breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7). In order to corroborate that the biological activity for selenium compounds depends on the chemical form, a broad structural variety is presented. These structures include selenocyanates, diselenides, selenoalkyl functional moieties and eight newly synthesized symmetrically substituted dithioselenites and selenylureas. Eleven of the derivatives tested showed high levels of superoxide generation in vitro via oxidation of reduced glutathione (GSH) and nine of them were more catalytic than the reference compound, diselenodipropionic acid. Eighteen of the library compounds inhibited cell growth more than or similar to reference chemotherapeutic drugs in PC-3 and eleven were more potent cytotoxic agents than etoposide in the MCF-7 cell line. Considering both parameters (superoxide generation and cell cytotoxicity) compounds B1, C6 and C9 displayed the best therapeutic profiles. Considering that many diselenide compounds can generate superoxide (O₂⁻) in vitro via oxidation of GSH and other thiols, the analogue B1, that contains a diselenide moiety, was selected for a preliminary mechanistic investigation, which revealed that B1 has apoptogenic effects similar to camptothecin mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) in lymphocytic leukemia cells (CCRF-CEM) and affected the MCF-7 cell-cycle in G₂/M and S-phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Plano
- Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea, 1,E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ylenia Baquedano
- Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea, 1,E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Elena Ibáñez
- Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea, 1,E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Iosu Jiménez
- Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea, 1,E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Juan Antonio Palop
- Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea, 1,E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - Carmen Sanmartín
- Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea, 1,E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail:
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