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Meenakshi S, Bahekar T, Narapaka PK, Pal B, Prakash V, Dhingra S, Kumar N, Murti K. Impact of fluorosis on molecular predictors in pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes associated microvascular complications. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2024; 86:127506. [PMID: 39128255 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
AIM This review presents specific insights on the molecular underpinnings of the connection between fluorosis, type 2 diabetes, and microvascular complications, along with the novel biomarkers that are available for early detection. SUMMARY Fluoride is an essential trace element for the mineralization of teeth and bones in humans. Exposure to higher concentrations of fluoride has harmful effects that significantly outweigh its advantageous ones. Dental fluorosis and skeletal fluorosis are the common side effects of exposure to fluoride, which affect millions of individuals globally. Alongside, it also causes non-skeletal fluorosis, which affects the population suffering from non-communicable diseases like diabetes by impacting the soft tissues and causing diabetic microvascular complications. Previous studies reported the prevalence range of these diabetic complications of neuropathy (3-65 %), nephropathy (1-63 %), and retinopathy (2-33 %). Fluoride contributes to the development of these complications by causing oxidative stress, cellular damage, degrading the functioning capability of mitochondria, and thickening the retinal vein basement. CONCLUSION Early diagnosis is a prompt way of prevention, and for that, biomarkers have emerged as an innovative and useful technique. This allows healthcare practitioners and policymakers in endemic areas to comprehend the molecular complexities involved in the advancement of diabetic microvascular problems in the context of high fluoride exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarasa Meenakshi
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hajipur, Vaishali, Bihar 844102, India.
| | - Triveni Bahekar
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hajipur, Vaishali, Bihar 844102, India.
| | - Pavan Kumar Narapaka
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hajipur, Vaishali, Bihar 844102, India.
| | - Biplab Pal
- Department of Pharmacology, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144402 India.
| | - Ved Prakash
- Department of Endocrinology, Indira Gandhi institute of medical sciences (IGIMS), Bailey Road, Sheikhpura, Patna, Bihar 800014, India.
| | - Sameer Dhingra
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hajipur, Vaishali, Bihar 844102, India.
| | - Nitesh Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hajipur, Vaishali, Bihar 844102, India.
| | - Krishna Murti
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hajipur, Vaishali, Bihar 844102, India.
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Silver BB, Brooks A, Gerrish K, Tokar EJ. Isolation and Characterization of Cell-Free DNA from Cerebral Organoids. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5522. [PMID: 38791569 PMCID: PMC11121789 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Early detection of neurological conditions is critical for timely diagnosis and treatment. Identifying cellular-level changes is essential for implementing therapeutic interventions prior to symptomatic disease onset. However, monitoring brain tissue directly through biopsies is invasive and poses a high risk. Bodily fluids such as blood or cerebrospinal fluid contain information in many forms, including proteins and nucleic acids. In particular, cell-free DNA (cfDNA) has potential as a versatile neurological biomarker. Yet, our knowledge of cfDNA released by brain tissue and how cfDNA changes in response to deleterious events within the brain is incomplete. Mapping changes in cfDNA to specific cellular events is difficult in vivo, wherein many tissues contribute to circulating cfDNA. Organoids are tractable systems for examining specific changes consistently in a human background. However, few studies have investigated cfDNA released from organoids. Here, we examined cfDNA isolated from cerebral organoids. We found that cerebral organoids release quantities of cfDNA sufficient for downstream analysis with droplet-digital PCR and whole-genome sequencing. Further, gene ontology analysis of genes aligning with sequenced cfDNA fragments revealed associations with terms related to neurodevelopment and autism spectrum disorder. We conclude that cerebral organoids hold promise as tools for the discovery of cfDNA biomarkers related to neurodevelopmental and neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian B. Silver
- Mechanistic Toxicology Branch, Division of Translational Toxicology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC 27709, USA
- Molecular Genomics Core, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC 27709, USA;
| | - Ashley Brooks
- Biostatistics and Computational Biology Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC 27709, USA;
| | - Kevin Gerrish
- Molecular Genomics Core, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC 27709, USA;
| | - Erik J. Tokar
- Mechanistic Toxicology Branch, Division of Translational Toxicology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC 27709, USA
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Kaplan BLF, Hoberman AM, Slikker W, Smith MA, Corsini E, Knudsen TB, Marty MS, Sobrian SK, Fitzpatrick SC, Ratner MH, Mendrick DL. Protecting Human and Animal Health: The Road from Animal Models to New Approach Methods. Pharmacol Rev 2024; 76:251-266. [PMID: 38351072 PMCID: PMC10877708 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.123.000967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Animals and animal models have been invaluable for our current understanding of human and animal biology, including physiology, pharmacology, biochemistry, and disease pathology. However, there are increasing concerns with continued use of animals in basic biomedical, pharmacological, and regulatory research to provide safety assessments for drugs and chemicals. There are concerns that animals do not provide sufficient information on toxicity and/or efficacy to protect the target population, so scientists are utilizing the principles of replacement, reduction, and refinement (the 3Rs) and increasing the development and application of new approach methods (NAMs). NAMs are any technology, methodology, approach, or assay used to understand the effects and mechanisms of drugs or chemicals, with specific focus on applying the 3Rs. Although progress has been made in several areas with NAMs, complete replacement of animal models with NAMs is not yet attainable. The road to NAMs requires additional development, increased use, and, for regulatory decision making, usually formal validation. Moreover, it is likely that replacement of animal models with NAMs will require multiple assays to ensure sufficient biologic coverage. The purpose of this manuscript is to provide a balanced view of the current state of the use of animal models and NAMs as approaches to development, safety, efficacy, and toxicity testing of drugs and chemicals. Animals do not provide all needed information nor do NAMs, but each can elucidate key pieces of the puzzle of human and animal biology and contribute to the goal of protecting human and animal health. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Data from traditional animal studies have predominantly been used to inform human health safety and efficacy. Although it is unlikely that all animal studies will be able to be replaced, with the continued advancement in new approach methods (NAMs), it is possible that sometime in the future, NAMs will likely be an important component by which the discovery, efficacy, and toxicity testing of drugs and chemicals is conducted and regulatory decisions are made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara L F Kaplan
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi (B.L.F.K.); Charles River Laboratories, Inc., Horsham, Pennsylvania (A.M.H.); Retired, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas (W.S.); University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia (M.A.S.); Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, 'Rodolfo Paoletti' Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy (E.C.); US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (T.B.K.); Dow, Inc., Midland, Michigan (M.S.M.); Howard University College of Medicine, Washington DC (S.K.S.); Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, US Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland (S.C.F.); Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H.R.); and National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland (D.L.M.)
| | - Alan M Hoberman
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi (B.L.F.K.); Charles River Laboratories, Inc., Horsham, Pennsylvania (A.M.H.); Retired, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas (W.S.); University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia (M.A.S.); Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, 'Rodolfo Paoletti' Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy (E.C.); US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (T.B.K.); Dow, Inc., Midland, Michigan (M.S.M.); Howard University College of Medicine, Washington DC (S.K.S.); Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, US Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland (S.C.F.); Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H.R.); and National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland (D.L.M.)
| | - William Slikker
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi (B.L.F.K.); Charles River Laboratories, Inc., Horsham, Pennsylvania (A.M.H.); Retired, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas (W.S.); University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia (M.A.S.); Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, 'Rodolfo Paoletti' Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy (E.C.); US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (T.B.K.); Dow, Inc., Midland, Michigan (M.S.M.); Howard University College of Medicine, Washington DC (S.K.S.); Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, US Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland (S.C.F.); Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H.R.); and National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland (D.L.M.)
| | - Mary Alice Smith
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi (B.L.F.K.); Charles River Laboratories, Inc., Horsham, Pennsylvania (A.M.H.); Retired, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas (W.S.); University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia (M.A.S.); Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, 'Rodolfo Paoletti' Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy (E.C.); US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (T.B.K.); Dow, Inc., Midland, Michigan (M.S.M.); Howard University College of Medicine, Washington DC (S.K.S.); Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, US Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland (S.C.F.); Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H.R.); and National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland (D.L.M.)
| | - Emanuela Corsini
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi (B.L.F.K.); Charles River Laboratories, Inc., Horsham, Pennsylvania (A.M.H.); Retired, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas (W.S.); University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia (M.A.S.); Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, 'Rodolfo Paoletti' Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy (E.C.); US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (T.B.K.); Dow, Inc., Midland, Michigan (M.S.M.); Howard University College of Medicine, Washington DC (S.K.S.); Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, US Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland (S.C.F.); Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H.R.); and National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland (D.L.M.)
| | - Thomas B Knudsen
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi (B.L.F.K.); Charles River Laboratories, Inc., Horsham, Pennsylvania (A.M.H.); Retired, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas (W.S.); University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia (M.A.S.); Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, 'Rodolfo Paoletti' Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy (E.C.); US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (T.B.K.); Dow, Inc., Midland, Michigan (M.S.M.); Howard University College of Medicine, Washington DC (S.K.S.); Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, US Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland (S.C.F.); Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H.R.); and National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland (D.L.M.)
| | - M Sue Marty
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi (B.L.F.K.); Charles River Laboratories, Inc., Horsham, Pennsylvania (A.M.H.); Retired, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas (W.S.); University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia (M.A.S.); Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, 'Rodolfo Paoletti' Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy (E.C.); US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (T.B.K.); Dow, Inc., Midland, Michigan (M.S.M.); Howard University College of Medicine, Washington DC (S.K.S.); Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, US Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland (S.C.F.); Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H.R.); and National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland (D.L.M.)
| | - Sonya K Sobrian
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi (B.L.F.K.); Charles River Laboratories, Inc., Horsham, Pennsylvania (A.M.H.); Retired, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas (W.S.); University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia (M.A.S.); Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, 'Rodolfo Paoletti' Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy (E.C.); US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (T.B.K.); Dow, Inc., Midland, Michigan (M.S.M.); Howard University College of Medicine, Washington DC (S.K.S.); Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, US Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland (S.C.F.); Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H.R.); and National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland (D.L.M.)
| | - Suzanne C Fitzpatrick
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi (B.L.F.K.); Charles River Laboratories, Inc., Horsham, Pennsylvania (A.M.H.); Retired, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas (W.S.); University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia (M.A.S.); Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, 'Rodolfo Paoletti' Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy (E.C.); US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (T.B.K.); Dow, Inc., Midland, Michigan (M.S.M.); Howard University College of Medicine, Washington DC (S.K.S.); Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, US Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland (S.C.F.); Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H.R.); and National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland (D.L.M.)
| | - Marcia H Ratner
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi (B.L.F.K.); Charles River Laboratories, Inc., Horsham, Pennsylvania (A.M.H.); Retired, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas (W.S.); University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia (M.A.S.); Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, 'Rodolfo Paoletti' Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy (E.C.); US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (T.B.K.); Dow, Inc., Midland, Michigan (M.S.M.); Howard University College of Medicine, Washington DC (S.K.S.); Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, US Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland (S.C.F.); Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H.R.); and National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland (D.L.M.)
| | - Donna L Mendrick
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi (B.L.F.K.); Charles River Laboratories, Inc., Horsham, Pennsylvania (A.M.H.); Retired, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas (W.S.); University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia (M.A.S.); Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, 'Rodolfo Paoletti' Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy (E.C.); US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (T.B.K.); Dow, Inc., Midland, Michigan (M.S.M.); Howard University College of Medicine, Washington DC (S.K.S.); Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, US Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland (S.C.F.); Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H.R.); and National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland (D.L.M.)
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Abdelsalam HM. GABA Administration Ameliorates the Toxicity of Doxorubicin on CSF and the Brain of Albino Rats. Ann Neurosci 2024; 31:12-20. [PMID: 38584977 PMCID: PMC10996873 DOI: 10.1177/09727531231161911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian brain and is a non-proteinogenic amino acid. Doxorubcin (DOX) or adriamycin is one of the most potent chemotherapy drugs for breast cancer. Purpose This study focused on diminishing the brain injury and neurotoxicity of doxorubicin (DOX) by GABA administration. Methods Rats were randomly divided into four groups (8 rats each), which were the control group, DOX group (3 mg/kg for 4 weeks, then 2 mg/kg for 2 weeks), GABA group (2 mg/kg for 21 days), and DOX + GABA group (treated as the second and third groups). Neurotoxicity and brain injury were assessed by determining CSF biomarkers, serum inflammatory markers, and histopathological evaluation of the cerebral cortex. Results DOX treatment significantly increased the levels of all CSF biomarkers (S100B, IL-1β, ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), spectrin breakdown products (SBDP145), and C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) and all inflammatory markers (IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-γ), causing extensive neutrophilic infiltration and great alteration in the cerebral cortex architecture as evidence of neurotoxicity. The oral administration of GABA significantly reduced the levels of all CSF biomarkers and inflammatory markers and restored the normal architecture of the cerebral cortex, with observed ameliorations in neutrophilic infiltration. Conclusion GABA administration can ameliorate neurotoxicity and protect the brain against the negative effects of DOX treatment.
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Khalifa NE, Noreldin AE, Khafaga AF, El-Beskawy M, Khalifa E, El-Far AH, Fayed AHA, Zakaria A. Chia seeds oil ameliorate chronic immobilization stress-induced neurodisturbance in rat brains via activation of the antioxidant/anti-inflammatory/antiapoptotic signaling pathways. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22409. [PMID: 38104182 PMCID: PMC10725506 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49061-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic immobilization stress plays a key role in several neuropsychiatric disorders. This investigation assessed the possible ameliorative effect of chia seed oil (CSO) against the neurodisturbance-induced in rats by chronic immobilization. Rats were randomly allocated into control, CSO (1 ml/kg b.wt./orally), restrained (6 h/day), CSO pre-restraint, and CSO post-restraint for 60 days. Results revealed a significant reduction in serum corticosterone level, gene expression of corticotrophin-releasing factor, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and oxidative biomarkers in restrained rats treated with CSO. The histopathological findings revealed restoring necrosis and neuronal loss in CSO-treated-restraint rats. The immunohistochemical evaluation revealed a significant reduction in the immuno-expression of caspase-3, nuclear factor kappa B, interleukin-6, and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and an elevation of calbindin-28k and synaptophysin expression compared to non-treated restraint rats. The molecular docking showed the CSO high affinity for several target proteins, including caspase-3, COX-2, corticotropin-releasing hormone binding protein, corticotropin-releasing factor receptors 1 and 2, interleukin-1 receptor types 1 and 2, interleukin-6 receptor subunits alpha and beta. In conclusion, CSO emerges as a promising candidate against stress-induced brain disruptions by suppressing inflammatory/oxidative/apoptotic signaling pathways due to its numerous antioxidant and anti-inflammatory components, mainly α-linolenic acid. Future studies are necessary to evaluate the CSO therapeutic impacts in human neurodisturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norhan E Khalifa
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Matrouh University, Matrouh, 51511, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed E Noreldin
- Department of Histology and Cytology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, Egypt.
| | - Asmaa F Khafaga
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Edfina, 22758, Egypt
| | - Mohamed El-Beskawy
- Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Matrouh University, Matrouh, 51511, Egypt
| | - Eman Khalifa
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Matrouh University, Matrouh, 51511, Egypt
| | - Ali H El-Far
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, Egypt
| | - Abdel-Hasseb A Fayed
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Edfina, 22758, Egypt
| | - Abdeldayem Zakaria
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Edfina, 22758, Egypt
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Liachenko S, Ramu J, Paule MG, Hanig J. Performance of the prospective T 2 MRI biomarker of neurotoxicity in a trimethyltin model in rats at 7 T. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2023; 100:107289. [PMID: 37689269 DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2023.107289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
The assessment of the sensitivity and specificity of any potential biomarker against the gold standard is an important step in the process of its qualification by regulatory authorities. Such qualification is an important step towards incorporating the biomarker into the panel of tools available for drug development. In the current study we analyzed the sensitivity and specificity of T2 MRI relaxometry to detect trimethyltin-induced neurotoxicity in rats. Seventy-five male Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with a single intraperitoneal dose of either TMT (8, 10, 11, or 12 mg/kg) or saline (2 ml/kg) and imaged with 7 T MRI before and 3, 7, 14, and 21 days after injection using a quantitative T2 mapping. Neurohistopathology (the gold standard in the case of neurotoxicity) was performed at the end of the observation and used as an outcome qualifier in receiver-operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis of T2 changes as a predictor of neurotoxicity. TMT treatment led to a significant increase in T2 values in many brain areas. The biggest changes in T2 values were seen around the lateral ventricles, which was interpreted as ventricular dilation. The area under the ROC curve for the volume of the lateral ventricles was 0.878 with the optimal sensitivity/specificity of 0.805/0.933, respectively. T2 MRI is a promising method for generating a non-invasive biomarkers of neurotoxicity, which shows the dose-response behavior with substantial sensitivity and specificity. While its performance was strong in the TMT model, further characterization of the sensitivity and specificity of T2 MRI with other neurotoxicants is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serguei Liachenko
- Division of Neurotoxicology, NCTR, US FDA, Jefferson, AR, United States of America.
| | - Jaivijay Ramu
- Division of Neurotoxicology, NCTR, US FDA, Jefferson, AR, United States of America
| | - Merle G Paule
- Division of Neurotoxicology, NCTR, US FDA, Jefferson, AR, United States of America
| | - Joseph Hanig
- Office of Pharmaceutical Quality, CDER, US FDA, White Oak, MD, United States of America
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Minz R, Sharma PK, Negi A, Kesari KK. MicroRNAs-Based Theranostics against Anesthetic-Induced Neurotoxicity. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1833. [PMID: 37514018 PMCID: PMC10385075 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15071833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Various clinical reports indicate prolonged exposure to general anesthetic-induced neurotoxicity (in vitro and in vivo). Behavior changes (memory and cognition) are compilations commonly cited with general anesthetics. The ability of miRNAs to modulate gene expression, thereby selectively altering cellular functions, remains one of the emerging techniques in the recent decade. Importantly, engineered miRNAs (which are of the two categories, i.e., agomir and antagomir) to an extent found to mitigate neurotoxicity. Utilizing pre-designed synthetic miRNA oligos would be an ideal analeptic approach for intervention based on indicative parameters. This review demonstrates engineered miRNA's potential as prophylactics and/or therapeutics minimizing the general anesthetics-induced neurotoxicity. Furthermore, we share our thoughts regarding the current challenges and feasibility of using miRNAs as therapeutic agents to counteract the adverse neurological effects. Moreover, we discuss the scientific status and updates on the novel neuro-miRNAs related to therapy against neurotoxicity induced by amyloid beta (Aβ) and Parkinson's disease (PD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Roseleena Minz
- Department of Life Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Brambe, Ranchi 853205, Jharkhand, India
| | - Praveen Kumar Sharma
- Department of Life Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Brambe, Ranchi 853205, Jharkhand, India
| | - Arvind Negi
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Kavindra Kumar Kesari
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Science, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland
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Bennet BM, Pardo ID, Assaf BT, Buza E, Cramer S, Crawford LK, Engelhardt JA, Grubor B, Morrison JP, Osborne TS, Sharma AK, Bolon B. Scientific and Regulatory Policy Committee Points to Consider: Sampling, Processing, Evaluation, Interpretation, and Reporting of Test Article-Related Ganglion Pathology for Nonclinical Toxicity Studies. Toxicol Pathol 2023; 51:176-204. [PMID: 37489508 DOI: 10.1177/01926233231179707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Certain biopharmaceutical products consistently affect dorsal root ganglia, trigeminal ganglia, and/or autonomic ganglia. Product classes targeting ganglia include antineoplastic chemotherapeutics, adeno-associated virus-based gene therapies, antisense oligonucleotides, and anti-nerve growth factor agents. This article outlines "points to consider" for sample collection, processing, evaluation, interpretation, and reporting of ganglion findings; these points are consistent with published best practices for peripheral nervous system evaluation in nonclinical toxicity studies. Ganglion findings often occur as a combination of neuronal injury (e.g., degeneration, necrosis, and/or loss) and/or glial effects (e.g., increased satellite glial cell cellularity) with leukocyte accumulation (e.g., mononuclear cell infiltration or inflammation). Nerve fiber degeneration and/or glial reactions may be seen in nerves, dorsal spinal nerve roots, spinal cord, and occasionally brainstem. Interpretation of test article (TA)-associated effects may be confounded by incidental background changes or experimental procedure-related changes and limited historical control data. Reports should describe findings at these sites, any TA relationship, and the criteria used for assigning severity grades. Contextualizing adversity of ganglia findings can require a weight-of-evidence approach because morphologic changes of variable severity occur in ganglia but often are not accompanied by observable overt in-life functional alterations detectable by conventional behavioral and neurological testing techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Elizabeth Buza
- University of Pennsylvania, Gene Therapy Program, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - LaTasha K Crawford
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Veterinary Medicine, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | | | | | - James P Morrison
- Charles River Laboratories, Inc., Shrewsbury, Massachusetts, USA
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9
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Ratner MH, Farb DH. Probing the Neural Circuitry Targets of Neurotoxicants In Vivo Through High Density Silicon Probe Brain Implants. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2022; 4:836427. [PMID: 35548683 PMCID: PMC9081674 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2022.836427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Adverse effects of drugs on the human nervous system are rarely possible to anticipate based on preclinical neurotoxicity data, thus propagating the centuries long single most important obstacle to drug discovery and development for disorders of the nervous system. An emerging body of evidence indicates that in vivo electrophysiology using chronically implanted high-density electrodes (ciHDE) in freely moving animals is a rigorous method with enhanced potential for use in translational research. In particular, the structure and function of the hippocampal trisynaptic circuit (HTC) is conserved from rodents to primates, including Homo sapiens, suggesting that the effects of therapeutic agents and other potential neurologically active agents, whether beneficial or adverse, are likely to translate across species when interrogated using a conserved neural circuitry platform. This review explores science advances in the rapidly moving field of in vivo ciHDE in animal models of learning and memory. For this reason we focus on the HTC, where substantial research has investigated neural circuitry level responses and specific behaviors that reflect memory permitting a test of the ground truth validity of the findings. Examples of changes in neural network activity induced by endogenous neurotoxicants associated with neurodegenerative diseases, as well as exogenous therapeutics, drugs, and neurotoxicants are presented. Several illustrative examples of relevant findings that involve longer range neural circuitry outside of the HTC are discussed. Lastly, the limitations of in vivo ciHDE as applied to preclinical neurotoxicology are discussed with a view toward leveraging circuitry level actions to enhance our ability to project the specificity of in vitro target engagement with the desired psychopharmacological or neurological outcome. At the same time, the goal of reducing or eliminating significant neurotoxic adverse events in human is the desired endpoint. We believe that this approach will lead to enhanced discovery of high value neuroactive therapeutics that target neural circuitry domains as their primary mechanism of action, thus enhancing their ultimate contribution toward discovery of precision therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcia H. Ratner
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
- *Correspondence: Marcia H. Ratner,
| | - David H. Farb
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
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10
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You D, Cohen JD, Pustovalova O, Lewis L, Shen L. OUP accepted manuscript. Toxicol Sci 2022; 186:221-241. [PMID: 35134991 PMCID: PMC8963304 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfac011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jennifer D Cohen
- Jennifer D. Cohen, Drug Safety Research & Evaluation, Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., 9625 Towne Centre Drive, San Diego, CA 92121-1964, USA. E-mail:
| | | | - Lauren Lewis
- Drug Safety Research & Evaluation, Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Lei Shen
- Data Science Institute, Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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11
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Whole brain in vivo neuropathology: Imaging site-specific changes in brain structure over time following trimethyltin exposure in rats. Toxicol Lett 2021; 352:54-60. [PMID: 34600096 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2021.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Presented is a diffusion weighted imaging protocol with measures of apparent diffusion coefficient which when registered to a 3D MRI rat brain atlas provides site-specific information on 173 different brain areas. This protocol coined "in vivo neuropathology" was used to follow the progressive neurotoxic effects of trimethyltin on global gray matter microarchitecture. Four rats were given an IP injection of 7 mg/kg of the neurotoxin trimethyltin and imaged for changes in water diffusivity at 3- and 7-days post injections. At 3 days, there was a significant decrease in apparent diffusion coefficient, a proxy for cytotoxic edema, in several cortical areas and cerebellum. At 7 days the level of injury expanded to include most of the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, olfactory system, and cerebellum/brainstem corroborating much of the work done with traditional histopathology. Analysis is achieved with a minimum number of rats adhering to the laws and regulations around the humane care and use of laboratory animals, providing an alternative to the traditional tests for assessing drug neurotoxicity. "In vivo neuropathology" can minimize the cost, expedite the process, and identify subtle changes in site-specific brain microarchitecture across the entire brain.
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12
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Augusto-Oliveira M, Arrifano GDP, Lopes-Araújo A, Santos-Sacramento L, Lima RR, Lamers ML, Le Blond J, Crespo-Lopez ME. Salivary biomarkers and neuropsychological outcomes: A non-invasive approach to investigate pollutants-associated neurotoxicity and its effects on cognition in vulnerable populations. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 200:111432. [PMID: 34062204 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of neurotoxicity caused by xenobiotics such as pesticides (dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, organophosphates, pyrethroids, etc.) or metals (mercury, lead, aluminum, arsenic, etc.) is a growing concern around the world, particularly in vulnerable populations with difficulties on both detection and symptoms treatment, due to low economic status, remote access, poor infrastructure, and low educational level, among others features. Despite the numerous molecular markers and questionnaires/clinical evaluations, studying neurotoxicity and its effects on cognition in these populations faces problems with samples collection and processing, and information accuracy. Assessing cognitive changes caused by neurotoxicity, especially those that are subtle in the initial stages, is fundamentally challenging. Finding accurate, non-invasive, and low-cost strategies to detect the first signals of brain injury has the potential to support an accelerated development of the research with these populations. Saliva emerges as an ideal pool of biomarkers (with interleukins and neural damage-related proteins, among others) and potential alternative diagnostic fluid to molecularly investigate neurotoxicity. As a source of numerous neurological biomarkers, saliva has several advantages compared to blood, such as easier storage, requires less manipulation, and the procedure is cheaper, safer and well accepted by patients compared with drawing blood. Regarding cognitive dysfunction, neuropsychological batteries represent, with their friendly interface, a feasible and accurate method to evaluate the eventual cognitive deficits associated with neurotoxicity in people from diverse cultural and educational backgrounds. The association of these two tools, saliva and neuropsychological batteries, to cover the molecular and cognitive aspects of neurotoxicity in vulnerable populations, could potentially increase the prevalence of early intervention and successful treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Augusto-Oliveira
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, 66075-110, Brazil.
| | - Gabriela de Paula Arrifano
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, 66075-110, Brazil.
| | - Amanda Lopes-Araújo
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, 66075-110, Brazil.
| | - Letícia Santos-Sacramento
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, 66075-110, Brazil.
| | - Rafael Rodrigues Lima
- Laboratório de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, 66075-110, Brazil.
| | - Marcelo Lazzaron Lamers
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, 90050-170, Brazil.
| | | | - Maria Elena Crespo-Lopez
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, 66075-110, Brazil.
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13
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Campbell KA, Hickman R, Fallin MD, Bakulski KM. Prenatal exposure to metals and autism spectrum disorder: Current status and future directions. CURRENT OPINION IN TOXICOLOGY 2021; 26:39-48. [PMID: 39119269 PMCID: PMC11309009 DOI: 10.1016/j.cotox.2021.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder with genetic and environmental contributors to etiology. Many metals have the potential to be neurotoxic and their exposures are widespread. The field of metals exposure and ASD research is emerging, and in this review article we assess the current state of the literature, with emphasis on the previous two years. Epidemiology studies are discussed with respect to exposure timing, exposure matrix, and outcome assessment. Toxicology studies are described for exposure dosing and timing, as well as behavioral and molecular outcomes. Further epidemiological and toxicological investigations can identify the timing and importance of metals as ASD risk factors and uncover biological mechanisms for risk mitigation and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle A. Campbell
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Ruby Hickman
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - M. Daniele Fallin
- Department of Mental Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Kelly M. Bakulski
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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14
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Elshony N, Nassar AMK, El-Sayed YS, Samak D, Noreldin A, Wasef L, Saleh H, Elewa YHA, Tawfeek SE, Saati AA, Batiha GES, Tomczyk M, Umezawa M, Shaheen HM. Ameliorative Role of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles Against Fipronil Impact on Brain Function, Oxidative Stress, and Apoptotic Cascades in Albino Rats. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:651471. [PMID: 34054412 PMCID: PMC8163223 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.651471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Fipronil (FIP) is an N-phenylpyrazole insecticide that is used extensively in public health and agriculture against a wide range of pests. Exposure to FIP is linked to negative health outcomes in humans and animals including promoting neuronal cell injury, which results in apoptosis through the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Therefore, the purpose of the current study was to investigate the neuroprotective effects of cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeNPs) on neuronal dysfunction induced by FIP in albino rats. Male rats were randomly classified into four groups: control, FIP (5 mg/kg bwt), CeNPs (35 mg/kg bwt), and FIP + CeNPs (5 (FIP) + 35 (CeNPs) mg/kg bwt), which were treated orally once daily for 28 consecutive days. Brain antioxidant parameters, histopathology, and mRNA expression of genes related to brain function were evaluated. The results revealed oxidative damage to brain tissues in FIP-treated rats indicated by the elevated levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) levels and reduced activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). On the other hand, the FIP’s group that was treated with CeNPs showed decrease in MDA and NO levels and increase in SOD and GPx enzymes activity. Besides, FIP-treated rats showed decreased butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) activity in comparison to the FIP + CeNPs group. Moreover, FIP caused up-regulation of the expression of neuron-specific enolase (NSE), caspase-3, and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) but down-regulation of B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2) expression. But the FIP + CeNPs group significantly down-regulated the GFAP, NSE, and caspase-3 and up-regulated the gene expression of BCL-2. Additionally, the FIP-treated group of rats had clear degenerative lesions in brain tissue that was reversed to nearly normal cerebral architecture by the FIP + CeNPs treatment. Immunohistochemical examination of brain tissues of rats-treated with FIP showed abundant ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba-1) microglia and caspase-3 and apoptotic cells with nearly negative calbindin and synaptophysin reaction, which were countered by FIP + CeNPs treatment that revealed a critical decrease in caspase-3, Iba-1 reaction with a strong calbindin positive reaction in most of the Purkinje cells and strong synaptophysin reaction in the cerebrum and cerebellum tissues. Based on reported results herein, CeNPs treatment might counteract the neurotoxic effect of FIP pesticide via an antioxidant-mediated mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norhan Elshony
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Atef M K Nassar
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Yasser S El-Sayed
- Department of Veterinary Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Dalia Samak
- Department of Veterinary Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Noreldin
- Department of Histology and Cytology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Lamiaa Wasef
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Hamida Saleh
- Department of Veterinary Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Yaser H A Elewa
- Department of Histology and Cytology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.,Laboratory of Anatomy, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shereen E Tawfeek
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.,Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A Saati
- Department of Community Medicine and Pilgrims Healthcare, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Michał Tomczyk
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Masakazu Umezawa
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology Soga Laboratory, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hazem M Shaheen
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
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15
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Shahy EM, Ibrahim KS, Mahdy-Abdallah H, Taha MM, Saad-Hussien A, Hafez SF. Neurotoxicity of organic solvents with emphasis on the role of iron. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 18:527-533. [PMID: 33544507 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2019-0103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to organic solvents (OS) adversely affects different body systems, the central and peripheral nervous systems being the most susceptible ones. OBJECTIVES This study investigated the role of iron in association with some neurotransmitters for diagnosis of neurotoxicity of OS. METHODS The study included 90 workers, 50 occupationally exposed to OS and 40 representing control group. Blood samples were collected from the included subjects for determination of serum iron, total iron binding capacity (TIBC), serotonin and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). RESULTS Revealed reduction in serotonin level and serum iron. However, the elevation in GABA and TIBC was observed. The duration of exposure was significantly correlated with iron and serotonin while it was positively correlated with GABA and TIBC. CONCLUSIONS Elevated GABA and TIBC with decreased serotonin and serum iron can be used as early diagnostic measures to detect the neurotoxic effects of OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman M Shahy
- Environmental Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Environmental & Occupational Medicine Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Khadiga S Ibrahim
- Environmental Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Environmental & Occupational Medicine Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Heba Mahdy-Abdallah
- Industrial Medicine, Environmental & Occupational Medicine Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mona M Taha
- Environmental Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Environmental & Occupational Medicine Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amal Saad-Hussien
- Environmental & Preventive Medicine, Environmental & Occupational Medicine Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Salwa F Hafez
- Industrial Medicine, Environmental & Occupational Medicine Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
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16
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Giblin KA, Basili D, Afzal AM, Rosenbrier-Ribeiro L, Greene N, Barrett I, Hughes SJ, Bender A. New Associations between Drug-Induced Adverse Events in Animal Models and Humans Reveal Novel Candidate Safety Targets. Chem Res Toxicol 2020; 34:438-451. [PMID: 33338378 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.0c00311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
To improve our ability to extrapolate preclinical toxicity to humans, there is a need to understand and quantify the concordance of adverse events (AEs) between animal models and clinical studies. In the present work, we discovered 3011 statistically significant associations between preclinical and clinical AEs caused by drugs reported in the PharmaPendium database of which 2952 were new associations between toxicities encoded by different Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities terms across species. To find plausible and testable candidate off-target drug activities for the derived associations, we investigated the genetic overlap between the genes linked to both a preclinical and a clinical AE and the protein targets found to interact with one or more drugs causing both AEs. We discuss three associations from the analysis in more detail for which novel candidate off-target drug activities could be identified, namely, the association of preclinical mutagenicity readouts with clinical teratospermia and ovarian failure, the association of preclinical reflexes abnormal with clinical poor-quality sleep, and the association of preclinical psychomotor hyperactivity with clinical drug withdrawal syndrome. Our analysis successfully identified a total of 77% of known safety targets currently tested in in vitro screening panels plus an additional 431 genes which were proposed for investigation as future safety targets for different clinical toxicities. This work provides new translational toxicity relationships beyond AE term-matching, the results of which can be used for risk profiling of future new chemical entities for clinical studies and for the development of future in vitro safety panels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn A Giblin
- Centre for Molecular Informatics, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom.,Medicinal Chemistry, Research and Early Development, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB4 0WG, United Kingdom
| | - Danilo Basili
- Centre for Molecular Informatics, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Avid M Afzal
- Data Sciences and Quantitative Biology, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB4 0WG, United Kingdom
| | - Lyn Rosenbrier-Ribeiro
- Safety Platforms, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB4 0WG, United Kingdom
| | - Nigel Greene
- Data Science and Artificial Intelligence, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Boston, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Ian Barrett
- Data Sciences and Quantitative Biology, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB4 0WG, United Kingdom
| | - Samantha J Hughes
- Medicinal Chemistry, Research and Early Development, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB4 0WG, United Kingdom
| | - Andreas Bender
- Centre for Molecular Informatics, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
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17
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Statistical Analysis for Identifying Differentially MicroRNA in Serum Exosomes of Lead Workers. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2020. [DOI: 10.1155/2020/8841127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Exosomes can transmit central nervous system (CNS) information to the peripheral circulatory system through the brain barrier, and exosomes in the blood can also enter the central nervous system likewise. The components of exosomal contents play a pivotal role in cell signal communication, and thus, the transmission of exosomal content components is considered as a newly discovered method of long-distance communication between cells. The current is aimed to explore the changes of the exosomal microRNA group in the serum of lead-exposed workers, which might be involved in the lead-induced neuroinflammation, especially the activation of microglia and the release of inflammatory factors. We proposed a method combining statistical analysis and experiment according to the different expression of exosomal microRNA. Firstly, we divided workers into two groups, lead-exposed group and control group, and then questionnaires were used to obtain their basic information, and medical testing methods were used to obtain their serum exosomes. Secondly, principal component analysis was used to construct a comprehensive index of neurobehavioral function. Furthermore, volcano map and heatmap were used to display the differential gene distribution and correlation analysis of expression levels, respectively. Finally, two software applications, TargetScan and miRanda, were used to predict the target genes of the significantly different microRNAs, respectively, and the target genes predicted by the two software applications are screened according to the scoring standards of each software. Our results showed that 73 microRNAs were changed in the serum exosomes of lead-exposed worker, among which 48 microRNAs are upregulated and 25 microRNAs are downregulated. Moreover, the miR-124 and miR-506 were identified, and they might be involved in the process of lead-induced neuroinflammation.
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18
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Deepika D, Sharma RP, Schuhmacher M, Kumar V. An integrative translational framework for chemical induced neurotoxicity – a systematic review. Crit Rev Toxicol 2020; 50:424-438. [DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2020.1763253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Deepika
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Departament d’ Enginyeria Quimica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Raju Prasad Sharma
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Departament d’ Enginyeria Quimica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Marta Schuhmacher
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Departament d’ Enginyeria Quimica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Vikas Kumar
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Departament d’ Enginyeria Quimica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain
- IISPV, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Reus, Spain
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19
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Ballesteros C, Pouliot M, Froment R, Maghezzi MS, St-Jean C, Li C, Paquette D, Authier S. Cerebrospinal Fluid Characterization in Cynomolgus Monkeys, Beagle Dogs, and Göttingen Minipigs. Int J Toxicol 2020; 39:124-130. [PMID: 32066300 PMCID: PMC7079291 DOI: 10.1177/1091581820905092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Intrathecal administration is an important route for drug delivery, and in pharmacology and toxicology studies, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) collection and analysis is required for evaluating blood–brain barrier penetration and central nervous system exposure. The characteristics of CSF in commonly used nonrodent models are lacking. The purpose of this study is to evaluate and provide some insights into normal cellular and biochemical composition of CSF as well as diffusion potential following intrathecal injection across several nonrodent species. Cerebrospinal fluid samples were collected from the cerebellomedullary cistern of beagle dogs, cynomolgus monkeys, and Göttingen minipigs and analyzed for clinical chemistry and cytological evaluation. Diffusion into the intrathecal space following intrathecal injection was assessed following administration of a contrast agent using fluoroscopy. The predominant cell types identified in CSF samples were lymphocytes and monocytoid cells; however, lymphocytes were represented in a higher percentage in dogs and monkeys as opposed to monocytoid cells in minipigs. Clinical chemistry parameters in CSF revealed higher Cl− concentrations than plasma, but lower K+, Ca2+, phosphorus, glucose, creatinine, and total protein levels consistent across all 3 species. Diffusion rates following intrathecal injection of iodixanol showed some variability with dogs, showing the greatest diffusion distance; however, the longest diffusion time through the intervertebral space, followed by monkeys and minipigs. Minimal diffusion was observed in minipigs, which could have been attributed to anatomical spinal constraints that have been previously identified in this species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rémi Froment
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Camille St-Jean
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Christian Li
- Charles River Laboratories Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Simon Authier
- Charles River Laboratories Laval, Quebec, Canada.,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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20
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Abdel-Salam OME, Sleem AA, Youness ER, Omara EA. Identification of biomarkers for the detection of subtle brain injury after cannabis and/or tramadol administration. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1186/s41935-019-0165-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
There is a need to identify biomarkers which could indicate the occurrence of brain injury in drug abuse.
Objectives
We aimed to investigate ubiquitin-C-terminal hydrolase-1 (UCH-L1), a neuronal cell body injury marker, the glial protein S-100 beta (S100β), and the glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) as putative markers for neuronal injury due to cannabis, tramadol, or their combined use.
Materials and methods
Rats were treated with cannabis and/or tramadol subcutaneously daily for 6 weeks and UCH-L1, S100β, and GFAP were immunoassayed in the brain and serum.
Results
The results are as follows: (i) either cannabis or tramadol increased UCH-L1 and GFAP in the brain, (ii) serum UCH-L1 and GFAP increased by the highest dose of cannabis or tramadol, (iii) there was no additive effect for cannabis and tramadol on UCH-L1 or GFAP level in the brain or serum, (iv) S100β decreased in the brain by 5–20 mg/kg of cannabis and in the serum following 20 mg/kg of cannabis, and (v) S100β levels increased in the brain after 20 mg/kg of tramadol but decreased the brain and serum after both cannabis and tramadol. Cytoplasmic vacuolations, apoptotic cells, and gliosis were observed in the brain tissue of cannabis and/or tramadol-treated rats.
Conclusions
These results suggest that changes in UCH-L1, GFAP, or S100β are likely to reflect neurotoxicity and serum levels could be used to detect neuronal damage in chronic users.
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21
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Lu S, Yang X, Wang C, Chen S, Lu S, Yan W, Xiong K, Liu F, Yan J. Current status and potential role of circular RNAs in neurological disorders. J Neurochem 2019; 150:237-248. [PMID: 31099046 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Given the importance of non-coding RNAs in modulating normal brain functions and their implications in the treatment of neurological disorders, non-coding RNA-based diagnostic and therapeutic strategies have shown great clinical potential. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have emerged as potentially important players in this field. Recent studies have indicated that circRNAs might play vital roles in Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, ischemic brain injury, and neurotoxicity. However, the mechanisms of action of circRNAs have not been fully characterized. We aimed to review recent advances in circRNA research in the brain to provide new insights on the roles of circRNAs in neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Lu
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xue Yang
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chudong Wang
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Siqi Chen
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shuang Lu
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Weitao Yan
- Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Kun Xiong
- Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Fengxia Liu
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Science, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Jie Yan
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Science, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
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22
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Abi-Gerges N, McMahon C, Vargas H, Sager P, Chui R, Stevens D, Davila J, Schaub JR, Wu JC, Del Rio C, Mathes C, Miller PE, Burns-Naas LA, Ghetti A. The West coast regional safety pharmacology society meeting update: Filling translational gaps in safety assessment. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2019; 98:106582. [PMID: 31077805 DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2019.106582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The Safety Pharmacology Society (SPS) held a West Coast Regional Meeting in Foster City, CA on November 14, 2018 at the Gilead Sciences Inc. site. The meeting was attended by scientists from the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industry, contract research organizations (CROs) and academia. A variety of scientific topics were presented by speakers, covering a broad variety of topics in the fields of safety risk assessment; from pro-arrhythmia and contractility risk evaluation, to models of heart failure and seizure in-a-dish; and discovery sciences; from stem cells and precision medicine, to models of inherited cardiomyopathy and precision cut tissue slices. The present review summarizes the highlights of the presentations and provides an overview of the high level of innovation currently underlying many frontiers in safety pharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Philip Sager
- Stanford University, School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Ray Chui
- Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA 92320, USA
| | - Dale Stevens
- Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | | | | | - Joseph C Wu
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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23
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Menzikov SA. Preparation and Measuring of Brain GABA A R-coupled Cl - /HCO 3 - - Activity for Integral Assessment of Aquatic Toxicity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 80:e70. [PMID: 30843667 DOI: 10.1002/cptx.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The wide use of aromatic hydrocarbons in various industries is having a negative effect on the environment and human health. Therefore, a key focus of current toxicology is the development and use of protein reporters with high sensitivity to various aromatic hydrocarbons (including phenolics and drugs). One molecular target for a wide range of pharmacology drugs and aromatic hydrocarbons (including phenol) is the neuronal GABAA R-coupled Cl- /HCO3 - -ATPase. In this study, we present a protocol for isolation of the membrane-bound Cl- /HCO3 - -ATPase from neuronal cells of animal brain. We then describe an uncomplicated in vitro method for measuring this ATPase activity for assessment of toxicity after interaction of this protein with an aquatic sample. This assay offers new avenues for using the Cl- /HCO3 - -ATPase as a biomarker of water toxicity. This biotest is efficient, requires very little of the enzyme, and retains its sensitivity at low levels of various compounds. © 2019 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey A Menzikov
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathological Physiology, Moscow, Russia
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24
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Abstract
The development of new medicines is one of the priority areas of translational medicine. A significant role for biomarkers (BM) that assess the safety and efficacy of new drugs. The right choice of BM reduces the time and costs necessary for the development of drugs and transfer them to the clinic. The review is devoted to the analysis of modern scientific literature on the role of previously known and newly discovered BM in translational research. Translational BM (TBM) established during preclinical studies and are applicable at all stages of the study. TBM should have a high sensitivity and specificity, be easily measured in real time in an easily accessible biological fluids, to evaluate the same process in different species of animals (including humans), make it possible to compare the results of clinical trials with preclinical. The main role of the TBM toxicity to predict, identify and monitor the toxicity of drugs at all stages of their study. The international consortium (Predictive Safety Testing Consortium, PSTC) whose main task is the qualification of new TBM toxicity and the search for new, more advanced than existing methods for testing markers, was established. Under PSTC formed 6 working groups, each of which coordinates research for the study and selection of TBM toxicity caused by the administration of drugs in the liver, kidney, heart and blood vessels, skeletal muscle, testes. The first qualified consortium markers were 7 contained in the urine markers for preclinical studies on rats with the goal of establishing early lesions in the kidney induced by drugs. Only a small number of BM used in the study of new drugs, can be translational.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. V. Osipova
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia
| | - V. M. Bukhman
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia
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25
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Weiland A, Wang Y, Wu W, Lan X, Han X, Li Q, Wang J. Ferroptosis and Its Role in Diverse Brain Diseases. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 56:4880-4893. [PMID: 30406908 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1403-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 312] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a recently identified, iron-regulated, non-apoptotic form of cell death. It is characterized by cellular accumulation of lipid reactive oxygen species that ultimately leads to oxidative stress and cell death. Although first identified in cancer cells, ferroptosis has been shown to have significant implications in several neurologic diseases, such as ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease. This review summarizes current research on ferroptosis, its underlying mechanisms, and its role in the progression of different neurologic diseases. Understanding the role of ferroptosis could provide valuable information regarding treatment and prevention of these devastating diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail Weiland
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Yamei Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Weihua Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Xi Lan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Xiaoning Han
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Captical Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
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26
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Pardo ID, Rao DB, Butt MT, Jortner BS, Valentine WM, Arezzo J, Sharma AK, Bolon B. Toxicologic Pathology of the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS): Overview, Challenges, and Current Practices. Toxicol Pathol 2018; 46:1028-1036. [DOI: 10.1177/0192623318800707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Peripheral nervous system (PNS) toxicity is a frequent adverse effect encountered in patients treated with certain therapeutics (e.g., antiretroviral drugs, cancer chemotherapeutics), in occupational workers exposed to industrial chemicals (e.g., solvents), or during accidental exposures to household chemicals and/or environmental agents (e.g., pesticides). However, the literature and expertise needed for the effective design, conduct, analysis, and reporting of safety studies to identify and define PNS toxicity are hard to find. This half-day course familiarized participants with basic PNS biology; causes and mechanisms of PNS pathology; classic methods and current best practice recommendations for PNS sampling, preparation, and evaluation; and examples of commonly observed lesions and artifacts. Three concluding case presentations synthesized information from the prior technical lectures by presenting real-world examples of lesions caused by drugs and chemicals to demonstrate how PNS toxicity may be addressed in evaluating product safety during nonclinical studies. Topics emphasized comparative and correlative data among animal species used in toxicity studies and clinical evaluation in humans in order to facilitate the translation of animal data into human risk assessment with respect to PNS toxicologic pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Deepa B. Rao
- Current employer: Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Mark T. Butt
- Tox Path Specialists, LLC, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Bernard S. Jortner
- Virginia–Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
| | | | - Joseph Arezzo
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | | | - Brad Bolon
- GEMpath Inc., Longmont, Colorado, USA *Ingrid D. Pardo and Deepa B. Rao contributed equally to production of this article
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27
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Walker AL, Imam SZ, Roberts RA. Drug discovery and development: Biomarkers of neurotoxicity and neurodegeneration. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2018; 243:1037-1045. [PMID: 30253665 PMCID: PMC6434454 DOI: 10.1177/1535370218801309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPACT STATEMENT Attrition in drug discovery and development remains a major challenge. Safety/toxicity is the most prevalent reason for failure with cardiovascular and CNS toxicities predominating. Non-invasive biomarkers of neurotoxicity would provide significant advantage by allowing earlier prediction of likely neurotoxicity in preclinical studies as well as facilitating clinical trials of new therapies for neurodegenerative conditions such as Parkinson's disease (PD) and multiple sclerosis (MS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail L Walker
- Brain Science Masters Programme, Department of Neuroscience and Psychology, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Syed Z Imam
- Division of Neurotoxicology, US FDA NCTR, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Ruth A Roberts
- Apconix, Alderley Park, SK10 4TG, UK
- University of Birmingham, Edgbaston B15 2TT, UK
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28
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Resveratrol Prevents the Cellular Damages Induced by Monocrotophos via PI3K Signaling Pathway in Human Cord Blood Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Mol Neurobiol 2018. [PMID: 29526017 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-0986-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The role of resveratrol (RV) as a neuroprotectant is well recognized, and cellular molecules involved in imparting the physiological effect have been well illustrated. However, some ambiguity still prevails as the specific receptor, and downstream signaling molecules are not yet clearly stated. So, we investigated the signaling pathway(s) involved in its cellular protection in the human umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cell (hUCB-MSC) derived neuronal cells. The mesenchymal stem cells were exposed to various concentrations (10, 100, 1000 μM) of monocrotophos (MCP), a known developmental neurotoxic organophosphate pesticide, for a period of 24 h. The MAPK signaling pathways (JNK, p38, and ERK) known to be associated with MCP-induced damages were also taken into consideration to identify the potential connection. The biological safe dose of RV (10 μM) shows a significant restoration in the MCP-induced alterations. Under the specific growth conditions, RV exposure was found to promote neuronal differentiation in the hUCB-MSCs. The exposure of cells to a specific pharmacological inhibitor (LY294002) of PI3K confirms the significant involvement of PI3K-mediated pathway in the ameliorative responses of RV against MCP exposure. Our data identifies the substantial role of RV in the restoration of MCP-induced cellular damages, thus proving to have a therapeutic potential against organophosphate pesticide-induced neurodegeneration.
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29
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Imam SZ, He Z, Cuevas E, Rosas-Hernandez H, Lantz SM, Sarkar S, Raymick J, Robinson B, Hanig JP, Herr D, MacMillan D, Smith A, Liachenko S, Ferguson S, O'Callaghan J, Miller D, Somps C, Pardo ID, Slikker W, B Pierson J, Roberts R, Gong B, Tong W, Aschner M, J Kallman M, Calligaro D, Paule MG. Changes in the metabolome and microRNA levels in biological fluids might represent biomarkers of neurotoxicity: A trimethyltin study. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2017; 243:228-236. [PMID: 29105512 DOI: 10.1177/1535370217739859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurotoxicity has been linked with exposure to a number of common drugs and chemicals, yet efficient, accurate, and minimally invasive methods to detect it are lacking. Fluid-based biomarkers such as those found in serum, plasma, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid have great potential due to the relative ease of sampling but at present, data on their expression and translation are lacking or inconsistent. In this pilot study using a trimethyl tin rat model of central nervous system toxicity, we have applied state-of-the-art assessment techniques to identify potential individual biomarkers and patterns of biomarkers in serum, plasma, urine or cerebral spinal fluid that may be indicative of nerve cell damage and degeneration. Overall changes in metabolites and microRNAs were observed in biological fluids that were associated with neurotoxic damage induced by trimethyl tin. Behavioral changes and magnetic resonance imaging T2 relaxation and ventricle volume changes served to identify animals that responded to the adverse effects of trimethyl tin. Impact statement These data will help design follow-on studies with other known neurotoxicants to be used to assess the broad applicability of the present findings. Together this approach represents an effort to begin to develop and qualify a set of translational biochemical markers of neurotoxicity that will be readily accessible in humans. Such biomarkers could prove invaluable for drug development research ranging from preclinical studies to clinical trials and may prove to assist with monitoring of the severity and life cycle of brain lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Z Imam
- 1 Division of Neurotoxicology, US FDA, 4136 NCTR , Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Zhen He
- 1 Division of Neurotoxicology, US FDA, 4136 NCTR , Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Elvis Cuevas
- 1 Division of Neurotoxicology, US FDA, 4136 NCTR , Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | | | - Susan M Lantz
- 1 Division of Neurotoxicology, US FDA, 4136 NCTR , Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Sumit Sarkar
- 1 Division of Neurotoxicology, US FDA, 4136 NCTR , Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - James Raymick
- 1 Division of Neurotoxicology, US FDA, 4136 NCTR , Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Bonnie Robinson
- 1 Division of Neurotoxicology, US FDA, 4136 NCTR , Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | | | - David Herr
- 3 US EPA, 96653 NHEERL , Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, NC 27711, USA
| | - Denise MacMillan
- 3 US EPA, 96653 NHEERL , Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, NC 27711, USA
| | - Aaron Smith
- 4 Lilly, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, Indiana, IN 46285, USA
| | - Serguei Liachenko
- 1 Division of Neurotoxicology, US FDA, 4136 NCTR , Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Sherry Ferguson
- 1 Division of Neurotoxicology, US FDA, 4136 NCTR , Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - William Slikker
- 1 Division of Neurotoxicology, US FDA, 4136 NCTR , Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | | | - Ruth Roberts
- 8 Department of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Binsheng Gong
- 9 Division of Bioinformatics, US FDA, 4136 NCTR , Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Weida Tong
- 9 Division of Bioinformatics, US FDA, 4136 NCTR , Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Michael Aschner
- 10 Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Mary J Kallman
- 11 Kallman Preclinical Consulting, Greenfield, IN 46140, USA
| | - David Calligaro
- 3 US EPA, 96653 NHEERL , Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, NC 27711, USA
| | - Merle G Paule
- 1 Division of Neurotoxicology, US FDA, 4136 NCTR , Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
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30
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Catić-Đorđević A, Cvetković T, Stefanović N, Veličković-Radovanović R. Current Biochemical Monitoring and Risk Management of Immunosuppressive Therapy after Transplantation. J Med Biochem 2017; 36:1-7. [PMID: 28680343 PMCID: PMC5471653 DOI: 10.1515/jomb-2016-0029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunosuppressive drugs play a crucial role in the inhibition of immune reaction and prevention of graft rejection aswell as in the pharmacotherapy of autoimmune disorders. Effective immunosuppression should provide an adequate safety profile and improve treatment outcomes and the patients' quality of life. High-risk transplant recipients may be identified, but a definitive prediction model has still not been recognized. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) for immunosuppressive drugs is an essential, but at the same time insufficient tool due to low predictability of drug exposition and marked pharmacokinetic variability. Parallel therapeutic, biochemical and clinical monitoring may successfully optimize and individualize therapy for transplanted recipients, providing optimal medical outcomes. Modern pharmacotherapy management should include new biomarkers with better sensitivity and specificity that can identify early cell damage. The aim of this study was to point out the importance of finding new biomarkers that would enable early detection of adverse drug events and cell damage in organ transplant recipients. We wanted to confirm the importance of routine biochemical monitoring in improving the safety of immunosuppressive treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tatjana Cvetković
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, and Clinic of Nephrology, Clinical Center Niš, Niš, Serbia
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31
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Suhara T, Chaki S, Kimura H, Furusawa M, Matsumoto M, Ogura H, Negishi T, Saijo T, Higuchi M, Omura T, Watanabe R, Miyoshi S, Nakatani N, Yamamoto N, Liou SY, Takado Y, Maeda J, Okamoto Y, Okubo Y, Yamada M, Ito H, Walton NM, Yamawaki S. Strategies for Utilizing Neuroimaging Biomarkers in CNS Drug Discovery and Development: CINP/JSNP Working Group Report. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2016; 20:285-294. [PMID: 28031269 PMCID: PMC5604546 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyw111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite large unmet medical needs in the field for several decades, CNS drug discovery and development has been largely unsuccessful. Biomarkers, particularly those utilizing neuroimaging, have played important roles in aiding CNS drug development, including dosing determination of investigational new drugs (INDs). A recent working group was organized jointly by CINP and Japanese Society of Neuropsychopharmacology (JSNP) to discuss the utility of biomarkers as tools to overcome issues of CNS drug development.The consensus statement from the working group aimed at creating more nuanced criteria for employing biomarkers as tools to overcome issues surrounding CNS drug development. To accomplish this, a reverse engineering approach was adopted, in which criteria for the utilization of biomarkers were created in response to current challenges in the processes of drug discovery and development for CNS disorders. Based on this analysis, we propose a new paradigm containing 5 distinct tiers to further clarify the use of biomarkers and establish new strategies for decision-making in the context of CNS drug development. Specifically, we discuss more rational ways to incorporate biomarker data to determine optimal dosing for INDs with novel mechanisms and targets, and propose additional categorization criteria to further the use of biomarkers in patient stratification and clinical efficacy prediction. Finally, we propose validation and development of new neuroimaging biomarkers through public-private partnerships to further facilitate drug discovery and development for CNS disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Suhara
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan (Drs Suhara, Higuchi, Takado, Maeda, and Yamada); Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Saitama, Japan (Drs Chaki and Omura); Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan (Drs Kimura and Furusawa); Astellas Pharma Inc., Ibaraki, Japan (Drs Matsumoto and Miyoshi); Eisai Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Drs Ogura and Yamamoto); Mochida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Dr Negishi); Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Co., Kanagawa, Japan (Dr Saijo); Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Dr Watanabe); Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Kanagawa, Japan (Dr Nakatani); Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan (Dr Liou); Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan (Drs Okamoto and Yamawaki); Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan (Dr Okubo); Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan (Dr Ito); Astellas Research Institute of America LLC, IL, USA (Dr Walton)
| | - Shigeyuki Chaki
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan (Drs Suhara, Higuchi, Takado, Maeda, and Yamada); Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Saitama, Japan (Drs Chaki and Omura); Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan (Drs Kimura and Furusawa); Astellas Pharma Inc., Ibaraki, Japan (Drs Matsumoto and Miyoshi); Eisai Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Drs Ogura and Yamamoto); Mochida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Dr Negishi); Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Co., Kanagawa, Japan (Dr Saijo); Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Dr Watanabe); Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Kanagawa, Japan (Dr Nakatani); Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan (Dr Liou); Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan (Drs Okamoto and Yamawaki); Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan (Dr Okubo); Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan (Dr Ito); Astellas Research Institute of America LLC, IL, USA (Dr Walton)
| | - Haruhide Kimura
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan (Drs Suhara, Higuchi, Takado, Maeda, and Yamada); Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Saitama, Japan (Drs Chaki and Omura); Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan (Drs Kimura and Furusawa); Astellas Pharma Inc., Ibaraki, Japan (Drs Matsumoto and Miyoshi); Eisai Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Drs Ogura and Yamamoto); Mochida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Dr Negishi); Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Co., Kanagawa, Japan (Dr Saijo); Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Dr Watanabe); Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Kanagawa, Japan (Dr Nakatani); Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan (Dr Liou); Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan (Drs Okamoto and Yamawaki); Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan (Dr Okubo); Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan (Dr Ito); Astellas Research Institute of America LLC, IL, USA (Dr Walton)
| | - Makoto Furusawa
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan (Drs Suhara, Higuchi, Takado, Maeda, and Yamada); Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Saitama, Japan (Drs Chaki and Omura); Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan (Drs Kimura and Furusawa); Astellas Pharma Inc., Ibaraki, Japan (Drs Matsumoto and Miyoshi); Eisai Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Drs Ogura and Yamamoto); Mochida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Dr Negishi); Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Co., Kanagawa, Japan (Dr Saijo); Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Dr Watanabe); Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Kanagawa, Japan (Dr Nakatani); Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan (Dr Liou); Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan (Drs Okamoto and Yamawaki); Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan (Dr Okubo); Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan (Dr Ito); Astellas Research Institute of America LLC, IL, USA (Dr Walton)
| | - Mitsuyuki Matsumoto
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan (Drs Suhara, Higuchi, Takado, Maeda, and Yamada); Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Saitama, Japan (Drs Chaki and Omura); Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan (Drs Kimura and Furusawa); Astellas Pharma Inc., Ibaraki, Japan (Drs Matsumoto and Miyoshi); Eisai Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Drs Ogura and Yamamoto); Mochida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Dr Negishi); Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Co., Kanagawa, Japan (Dr Saijo); Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Dr Watanabe); Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Kanagawa, Japan (Dr Nakatani); Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan (Dr Liou); Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan (Drs Okamoto and Yamawaki); Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan (Dr Okubo); Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan (Dr Ito); Astellas Research Institute of America LLC, IL, USA (Dr Walton)
| | - Hiroo Ogura
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan (Drs Suhara, Higuchi, Takado, Maeda, and Yamada); Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Saitama, Japan (Drs Chaki and Omura); Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan (Drs Kimura and Furusawa); Astellas Pharma Inc., Ibaraki, Japan (Drs Matsumoto and Miyoshi); Eisai Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Drs Ogura and Yamamoto); Mochida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Dr Negishi); Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Co., Kanagawa, Japan (Dr Saijo); Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Dr Watanabe); Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Kanagawa, Japan (Dr Nakatani); Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan (Dr Liou); Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan (Drs Okamoto and Yamawaki); Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan (Dr Okubo); Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan (Dr Ito); Astellas Research Institute of America LLC, IL, USA (Dr Walton)
| | - Takaaki Negishi
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan (Drs Suhara, Higuchi, Takado, Maeda, and Yamada); Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Saitama, Japan (Drs Chaki and Omura); Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan (Drs Kimura and Furusawa); Astellas Pharma Inc., Ibaraki, Japan (Drs Matsumoto and Miyoshi); Eisai Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Drs Ogura and Yamamoto); Mochida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Dr Negishi); Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Co., Kanagawa, Japan (Dr Saijo); Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Dr Watanabe); Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Kanagawa, Japan (Dr Nakatani); Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan (Dr Liou); Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan (Drs Okamoto and Yamawaki); Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan (Dr Okubo); Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan (Dr Ito); Astellas Research Institute of America LLC, IL, USA (Dr Walton)
| | - Takeaki Saijo
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan (Drs Suhara, Higuchi, Takado, Maeda, and Yamada); Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Saitama, Japan (Drs Chaki and Omura); Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan (Drs Kimura and Furusawa); Astellas Pharma Inc., Ibaraki, Japan (Drs Matsumoto and Miyoshi); Eisai Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Drs Ogura and Yamamoto); Mochida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Dr Negishi); Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Co., Kanagawa, Japan (Dr Saijo); Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Dr Watanabe); Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Kanagawa, Japan (Dr Nakatani); Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan (Dr Liou); Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan (Drs Okamoto and Yamawaki); Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan (Dr Okubo); Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan (Dr Ito); Astellas Research Institute of America LLC, IL, USA (Dr Walton)
| | - Makoto Higuchi
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan (Drs Suhara, Higuchi, Takado, Maeda, and Yamada); Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Saitama, Japan (Drs Chaki and Omura); Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan (Drs Kimura and Furusawa); Astellas Pharma Inc., Ibaraki, Japan (Drs Matsumoto and Miyoshi); Eisai Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Drs Ogura and Yamamoto); Mochida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Dr Negishi); Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Co., Kanagawa, Japan (Dr Saijo); Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Dr Watanabe); Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Kanagawa, Japan (Dr Nakatani); Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan (Dr Liou); Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan (Drs Okamoto and Yamawaki); Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan (Dr Okubo); Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan (Dr Ito); Astellas Research Institute of America LLC, IL, USA (Dr Walton)
| | - Tomohiro Omura
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan (Drs Suhara, Higuchi, Takado, Maeda, and Yamada); Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Saitama, Japan (Drs Chaki and Omura); Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan (Drs Kimura and Furusawa); Astellas Pharma Inc., Ibaraki, Japan (Drs Matsumoto and Miyoshi); Eisai Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Drs Ogura and Yamamoto); Mochida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Dr Negishi); Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Co., Kanagawa, Japan (Dr Saijo); Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Dr Watanabe); Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Kanagawa, Japan (Dr Nakatani); Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan (Dr Liou); Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan (Drs Okamoto and Yamawaki); Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan (Dr Okubo); Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan (Dr Ito); Astellas Research Institute of America LLC, IL, USA (Dr Walton)
| | - Rira Watanabe
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan (Drs Suhara, Higuchi, Takado, Maeda, and Yamada); Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Saitama, Japan (Drs Chaki and Omura); Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan (Drs Kimura and Furusawa); Astellas Pharma Inc., Ibaraki, Japan (Drs Matsumoto and Miyoshi); Eisai Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Drs Ogura and Yamamoto); Mochida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Dr Negishi); Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Co., Kanagawa, Japan (Dr Saijo); Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Dr Watanabe); Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Kanagawa, Japan (Dr Nakatani); Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan (Dr Liou); Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan (Drs Okamoto and Yamawaki); Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan (Dr Okubo); Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan (Dr Ito); Astellas Research Institute of America LLC, IL, USA (Dr Walton)
| | - Sosuke Miyoshi
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan (Drs Suhara, Higuchi, Takado, Maeda, and Yamada); Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Saitama, Japan (Drs Chaki and Omura); Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan (Drs Kimura and Furusawa); Astellas Pharma Inc., Ibaraki, Japan (Drs Matsumoto and Miyoshi); Eisai Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Drs Ogura and Yamamoto); Mochida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Dr Negishi); Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Co., Kanagawa, Japan (Dr Saijo); Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Dr Watanabe); Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Kanagawa, Japan (Dr Nakatani); Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan (Dr Liou); Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan (Drs Okamoto and Yamawaki); Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan (Dr Okubo); Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan (Dr Ito); Astellas Research Institute of America LLC, IL, USA (Dr Walton)
| | - Noriaki Nakatani
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan (Drs Suhara, Higuchi, Takado, Maeda, and Yamada); Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Saitama, Japan (Drs Chaki and Omura); Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan (Drs Kimura and Furusawa); Astellas Pharma Inc., Ibaraki, Japan (Drs Matsumoto and Miyoshi); Eisai Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Drs Ogura and Yamamoto); Mochida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Dr Negishi); Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Co., Kanagawa, Japan (Dr Saijo); Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Dr Watanabe); Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Kanagawa, Japan (Dr Nakatani); Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan (Dr Liou); Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan (Drs Okamoto and Yamawaki); Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan (Dr Okubo); Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan (Dr Ito); Astellas Research Institute of America LLC, IL, USA (Dr Walton)
| | - Noboru Yamamoto
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan (Drs Suhara, Higuchi, Takado, Maeda, and Yamada); Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Saitama, Japan (Drs Chaki and Omura); Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan (Drs Kimura and Furusawa); Astellas Pharma Inc., Ibaraki, Japan (Drs Matsumoto and Miyoshi); Eisai Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Drs Ogura and Yamamoto); Mochida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Dr Negishi); Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Co., Kanagawa, Japan (Dr Saijo); Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Dr Watanabe); Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Kanagawa, Japan (Dr Nakatani); Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan (Dr Liou); Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan (Drs Okamoto and Yamawaki); Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan (Dr Okubo); Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan (Dr Ito); Astellas Research Institute of America LLC, IL, USA (Dr Walton)
| | - Shyh-Yuh Liou
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan (Drs Suhara, Higuchi, Takado, Maeda, and Yamada); Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Saitama, Japan (Drs Chaki and Omura); Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan (Drs Kimura and Furusawa); Astellas Pharma Inc., Ibaraki, Japan (Drs Matsumoto and Miyoshi); Eisai Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Drs Ogura and Yamamoto); Mochida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Dr Negishi); Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Co., Kanagawa, Japan (Dr Saijo); Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Dr Watanabe); Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Kanagawa, Japan (Dr Nakatani); Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan (Dr Liou); Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan (Drs Okamoto and Yamawaki); Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan (Dr Okubo); Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan (Dr Ito); Astellas Research Institute of America LLC, IL, USA (Dr Walton)
| | - Yuhei Takado
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan (Drs Suhara, Higuchi, Takado, Maeda, and Yamada); Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Saitama, Japan (Drs Chaki and Omura); Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan (Drs Kimura and Furusawa); Astellas Pharma Inc., Ibaraki, Japan (Drs Matsumoto and Miyoshi); Eisai Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Drs Ogura and Yamamoto); Mochida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Dr Negishi); Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Co., Kanagawa, Japan (Dr Saijo); Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Dr Watanabe); Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Kanagawa, Japan (Dr Nakatani); Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan (Dr Liou); Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan (Drs Okamoto and Yamawaki); Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan (Dr Okubo); Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan (Dr Ito); Astellas Research Institute of America LLC, IL, USA (Dr Walton)
| | - Jun Maeda
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan (Drs Suhara, Higuchi, Takado, Maeda, and Yamada); Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Saitama, Japan (Drs Chaki and Omura); Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan (Drs Kimura and Furusawa); Astellas Pharma Inc., Ibaraki, Japan (Drs Matsumoto and Miyoshi); Eisai Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Drs Ogura and Yamamoto); Mochida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Dr Negishi); Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Co., Kanagawa, Japan (Dr Saijo); Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Dr Watanabe); Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Kanagawa, Japan (Dr Nakatani); Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan (Dr Liou); Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan (Drs Okamoto and Yamawaki); Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan (Dr Okubo); Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan (Dr Ito); Astellas Research Institute of America LLC, IL, USA (Dr Walton)
| | - Yasumasa Okamoto
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan (Drs Suhara, Higuchi, Takado, Maeda, and Yamada); Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Saitama, Japan (Drs Chaki and Omura); Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan (Drs Kimura and Furusawa); Astellas Pharma Inc., Ibaraki, Japan (Drs Matsumoto and Miyoshi); Eisai Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Drs Ogura and Yamamoto); Mochida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Dr Negishi); Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Co., Kanagawa, Japan (Dr Saijo); Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Dr Watanabe); Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Kanagawa, Japan (Dr Nakatani); Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan (Dr Liou); Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan (Drs Okamoto and Yamawaki); Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan (Dr Okubo); Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan (Dr Ito); Astellas Research Institute of America LLC, IL, USA (Dr Walton)
| | - Yoshiaki Okubo
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan (Drs Suhara, Higuchi, Takado, Maeda, and Yamada); Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Saitama, Japan (Drs Chaki and Omura); Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan (Drs Kimura and Furusawa); Astellas Pharma Inc., Ibaraki, Japan (Drs Matsumoto and Miyoshi); Eisai Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Drs Ogura and Yamamoto); Mochida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Dr Negishi); Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Co., Kanagawa, Japan (Dr Saijo); Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Dr Watanabe); Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Kanagawa, Japan (Dr Nakatani); Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan (Dr Liou); Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan (Drs Okamoto and Yamawaki); Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan (Dr Okubo); Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan (Dr Ito); Astellas Research Institute of America LLC, IL, USA (Dr Walton)
| | - Makiko Yamada
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan (Drs Suhara, Higuchi, Takado, Maeda, and Yamada); Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Saitama, Japan (Drs Chaki and Omura); Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan (Drs Kimura and Furusawa); Astellas Pharma Inc., Ibaraki, Japan (Drs Matsumoto and Miyoshi); Eisai Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Drs Ogura and Yamamoto); Mochida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Dr Negishi); Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Co., Kanagawa, Japan (Dr Saijo); Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Dr Watanabe); Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Kanagawa, Japan (Dr Nakatani); Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan (Dr Liou); Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan (Drs Okamoto and Yamawaki); Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan (Dr Okubo); Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan (Dr Ito); Astellas Research Institute of America LLC, IL, USA (Dr Walton)
| | - Hiroshi Ito
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan (Drs Suhara, Higuchi, Takado, Maeda, and Yamada); Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Saitama, Japan (Drs Chaki and Omura); Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan (Drs Kimura and Furusawa); Astellas Pharma Inc., Ibaraki, Japan (Drs Matsumoto and Miyoshi); Eisai Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Drs Ogura and Yamamoto); Mochida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Dr Negishi); Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Co., Kanagawa, Japan (Dr Saijo); Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Dr Watanabe); Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Kanagawa, Japan (Dr Nakatani); Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan (Dr Liou); Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan (Drs Okamoto and Yamawaki); Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan (Dr Okubo); Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan (Dr Ito); Astellas Research Institute of America LLC, IL, USA (Dr Walton)
| | - Noah M. Walton
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan (Drs Suhara, Higuchi, Takado, Maeda, and Yamada); Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Saitama, Japan (Drs Chaki and Omura); Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan (Drs Kimura and Furusawa); Astellas Pharma Inc., Ibaraki, Japan (Drs Matsumoto and Miyoshi); Eisai Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Drs Ogura and Yamamoto); Mochida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Dr Negishi); Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Co., Kanagawa, Japan (Dr Saijo); Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Dr Watanabe); Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Kanagawa, Japan (Dr Nakatani); Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan (Dr Liou); Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan (Drs Okamoto and Yamawaki); Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan (Dr Okubo); Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan (Dr Ito); Astellas Research Institute of America LLC, IL, USA (Dr Walton)
| | - Shigeto Yamawaki
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan (Drs Suhara, Higuchi, Takado, Maeda, and Yamada); Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Saitama, Japan (Drs Chaki and Omura); Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan (Drs Kimura and Furusawa); Astellas Pharma Inc., Ibaraki, Japan (Drs Matsumoto and Miyoshi); Eisai Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Drs Ogura and Yamamoto); Mochida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Dr Negishi); Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Co., Kanagawa, Japan (Dr Saijo); Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (Dr Watanabe); Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Kanagawa, Japan (Dr Nakatani); Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan (Dr Liou); Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan (Drs Okamoto and Yamawaki); Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan (Dr Okubo); Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan (Dr Ito); Astellas Research Institute of America LLC, IL, USA (Dr Walton)
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Benigni M, Ricci C, Jones AR, Giannini F, Al-Chalabi A, Battistini S. Identification of miRNAs as Potential Biomarkers in Cerebrospinal Fluid from Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Patients. Neuromolecular Med 2016; 18:551-560. [PMID: 27119371 DOI: 10.1007/s12017-016-8396-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive, fatal neurodegenerative disorder. Since no diagnostic laboratory test exists, the identification of specific biomarkers could be fundamental in clinical practice. microRNAs (miRNAs) are considered promising biomarkers for neurodegenerative diseases. The aim of the study was to identify a CSF miRNA set that could differentiate ALS from non-ALS condition. miRNA profiling in CSF from ALS patients (n = 24; eight with C9orf72 expansion) and unaffected control subjects (n = 24) by quantitative reverse transcription PCR identified fourteen deregulated miRNAs. Validation experiments confirmed eight miRNAs as significantly deregulated in ALS. No significant differences were observed between ALS patients with or without C9orf72 expansion. The receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analyses revealed the highest diagnostic accuracy for the upregulated miR181a-5p and the downregulated miR21-5p and miR15b-5p. The miR181a-5p/miR21-5p and miR181a-5p/miR15b-5p ratios detected ALS with 90 and 85 % sensitivity and 87 and 91 % specificity, respectively, confirming the application potential as disease biomarkers. These deregulated miRNAs are implicated in apoptotic way and provide insight into processes responsible for motor neuron degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Benigni
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Claudia Ricci
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
| | - Ashley R Jones
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Fabio Giannini
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Ammar Al-Chalabi
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Stefania Battistini
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
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