1
|
Schwarz ER, Long MT. Comparison of West Nile Virus Disease in Humans and Horses: Exploiting Similarities for Enhancing Syndromic Surveillance. Viruses 2023; 15:1230. [PMID: 37376530 DOI: 10.3390/v15061230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
West Nile virus (WNV) neuroinvasive disease threatens the health and well-being of horses and humans worldwide. Disease in horses and humans is remarkably similar. The occurrence of WNV disease in these mammalian hosts has geographic overlap with shared macroscale and microscale drivers of risk. Importantly, intrahost virus dynamics, the evolution of the antibody response, and clinicopathology are similar. The goal of this review is to provide a comparison of WNV infection in humans and horses and to identify similarities that can be exploited to enhance surveillance methods for the early detection of WNV neuroinvasive disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erika R Schwarz
- Montana Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, MT Department of Livestock, Bozeman, MT 59718, USA
| | - Maureen T Long
- Department of Comparative, Diagnostic, & Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Neto JPN, Reis LAM, Freitas MNO, do Nascimento BLS, das Chagas LL, da Costa HHM, Rodrigues JCP, Braga CM, da Silva EVP, Silva SP, Martins LC. First Isolation and Genome Sequence Analysis of West Nile Virus in Mosquitoes in Brazil. Trop Med Infect Dis 2023; 8:tropicalmed8040237. [PMID: 37104362 PMCID: PMC10143329 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed8040237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
West Nile virus is a flavivirus transmitted by mosquitoes, mainly of the genus Culex. In Brazil, serological studies have already indicated the circulation of the virus since 2003, with the first human case detected in 2014. The objective of the present paper is to report the first isolation of WNV in a Culex (Melanoconion) mosquito. Arthropods were collected by protected human attraction and CDC light bait, and taxonomically identified and analyzed by viral isolation, complement fixation and genomic sequencing tests. WNV was isolated from samples of Culex (Melanoconion) mosquitoes, and the sequencing analysis demonstrated that the isolated strain belonged to lineage 1a. The finding of the present study presents the first evidence of the isolation and genome sequencing of WNV in arthropods in Brazil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joaquim Pinto Nunes Neto
- Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers Section, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil
| | - Lúcia Aline Moura Reis
- Graduate Program in Parasitary Biology in the Amazon, Center of Biological and Health Sciences, State University of Pará, Belém 66095-663, PA, Brazil
| | | | | | - Liliane Leal das Chagas
- Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers Section, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil
| | | | | | - Camila Margalho Braga
- Graduate Program in Parasitary Biology in the Amazon, Center of Biological and Health Sciences, State University of Pará, Belém 66095-663, PA, Brazil
| | | | - Sandro Patroca Silva
- Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers Section, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil
| | - Lívia Caricio Martins
- Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers Section, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wanzeller ALM, da Silva FS, Hernández LHA, Barros LJL, Freitas MNO, Santos MM, Gonçalves EDJ, Pantoja JAS, Lima CDS, Lima MF, Costa LRO, das Chagas LL, Silva IF, da Cunha TCADS, do Nascimento BLS, Vasconcelos HB, da Rosa EST, Rodrigues SG, Azevedo RDSDS, Martins LC, Casseb LMN, Chiang JO, Nunes Neto JP, Cruz ACR, Carvalho VL, Vasconcelos PFDC, da Silva EVP. Isolation of Flaviviruses and Alphaviruses with Encephalitogenic Potential Diagnosed by Evandro Chagas Institute (Pará, Brazil) in the Period of 1954-2022: Six Decades of Discoveries. Viruses 2023; 15:v15040935. [PMID: 37112917 PMCID: PMC10146763 DOI: 10.3390/v15040935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Viruses with encephalitogenic potential can cause neurological conditions of clinical and epidemiological importance, such as Saint Louis encephalitis virus, Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus, Eastern equine encephalitis virus, Western equine encephalitis virus, Dengue virus, Zika virus, Chikungunya virus, Mayaro virus and West Nile virus. The objective of the present study was to determine the number of arboviruses with neuroinvasive potential isolated in Brazil that corresponds to the collection of viral samples belonging to the Department of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute (SAARB/IEC) of the Laboratory Network of National Reference for Arbovirus Diagnosis from 1954 to 2022. In the analyzed period, a total of 1,347 arbovirus samples with encephalitogenic potential were isolated from mice; 5,065 human samples were isolated exclusively by cell culture; and 676 viruses were isolated from mosquitoes. The emergence of new arboviruses may be responsible for diseases still unknown to humans, making the Amazon region a hotspot for infectious diseases due to its fauna and flora species characteristics. The detection of circulating arboviruses with the potential to cause neuroinvasive diseases is constant, which justifies the continuation of active epidemiological surveillance work that offers adequate support to the public health system regarding the virological diagnosis of circulating arboviruses in Brazil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Lucia Monteiro Wanzeller
- Viral Isolation Laboratory, Department of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, Secretariat of Health and Environment Surveillance, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, Brazil
| | - Fabio Silva da Silva
- Viral Isolation Laboratory, Department of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, Secretariat of Health and Environment Surveillance, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Henrique Almeida Hernández
- Viral Isolation Laboratory, Department of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, Secretariat of Health and Environment Surveillance, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, Brazil
| | - Landerson Junior Leopoldino Barros
- Viral Isolation Laboratory, Department of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, Secretariat of Health and Environment Surveillance, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, Brazil
| | - Maria Nazaré Oliveira Freitas
- Viral Isolation Laboratory, Department of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, Secretariat of Health and Environment Surveillance, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, Brazil
| | - Maissa Maia Santos
- Viral Isolation Laboratory, Department of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, Secretariat of Health and Environment Surveillance, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, Brazil
| | - Ercília de Jesus Gonçalves
- Viral Isolation Laboratory, Department of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, Secretariat of Health and Environment Surveillance, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, Brazil
| | - Jamilla Augusta Sousa Pantoja
- Viral Isolation Laboratory, Department of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, Secretariat of Health and Environment Surveillance, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, Brazil
| | - Creuza de Sousa Lima
- Viral Isolation Laboratory, Department of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, Secretariat of Health and Environment Surveillance, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, Brazil
| | - Maxwell Furtado Lima
- Viral Isolation Laboratory, Department of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, Secretariat of Health and Environment Surveillance, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, Brazil
| | - Luiz Roberto Oliveira Costa
- Viral Isolation Laboratory, Department of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, Secretariat of Health and Environment Surveillance, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, Brazil
| | - Liliane Leal das Chagas
- Viral Isolation Laboratory, Department of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, Secretariat of Health and Environment Surveillance, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, Brazil
| | - Iveraldo Ferreira Silva
- Viral Isolation Laboratory, Department of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, Secretariat of Health and Environment Surveillance, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, Brazil
| | - Tania Cristina Alves da Silveira da Cunha
- Viral Isolation Laboratory, Department of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, Secretariat of Health and Environment Surveillance, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, Brazil
| | - Bruna Lais Sena do Nascimento
- Viral Isolation Laboratory, Department of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, Secretariat of Health and Environment Surveillance, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, Brazil
| | - Helena Baldez Vasconcelos
- Viral Isolation Laboratory, Department of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, Secretariat of Health and Environment Surveillance, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, Brazil
| | - Elizabeth Salbe Travassos da Rosa
- Viral Isolation Laboratory, Department of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, Secretariat of Health and Environment Surveillance, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, Brazil
| | - Sueli Guerreiro Rodrigues
- Viral Isolation Laboratory, Department of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, Secretariat of Health and Environment Surveillance, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, Brazil
| | - Raimunda do Socorro da Silva Azevedo
- Viral Isolation Laboratory, Department of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, Secretariat of Health and Environment Surveillance, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, Brazil
| | - Lívia Carício Martins
- Viral Isolation Laboratory, Department of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, Secretariat of Health and Environment Surveillance, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, Brazil
| | - Lívia Medeiros Neves Casseb
- Viral Isolation Laboratory, Department of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, Secretariat of Health and Environment Surveillance, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, Brazil
| | - Jannifer Oliveira Chiang
- Viral Isolation Laboratory, Department of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, Secretariat of Health and Environment Surveillance, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, Brazil
| | - Joaquim Pinto Nunes Neto
- Viral Isolation Laboratory, Department of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, Secretariat of Health and Environment Surveillance, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, Brazil
| | - Ana Cecília Ribeiro Cruz
- Viral Isolation Laboratory, Department of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, Secretariat of Health and Environment Surveillance, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, Brazil
| | - Valéria Lima Carvalho
- Viral Isolation Laboratory, Department of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, Secretariat of Health and Environment Surveillance, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, Brazil
| | - Pedro Fernando da Costa Vasconcelos
- Viral Isolation Laboratory, Department of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, Secretariat of Health and Environment Surveillance, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, Brazil
| | - Eliana Vieira Pinto da Silva
- Viral Isolation Laboratory, Department of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, Secretariat of Health and Environment Surveillance, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
McMillan JR, Hamer GL, Levine RS, Mead DG, Waller LA, Goldberg TL, Walker ED, Brawn JD, Ruiz MO, Kitron U, Vazquez-Prokopec G. Multi-Year Comparison of Community- and Species-Level West Nile Virus Antibody Prevalence in Birds from Atlanta, Georgia and Chicago, Illinois, 2005-2016. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2023; 108:366-376. [PMID: 36572005 PMCID: PMC9896344 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.21-1086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
West Nile virus (WNV) is prevalent in the United States but shows considerable variation in transmission intensity. The purpose of this study was to compare patterns of WNV seroprevalence in avian communities sampled in Atlanta, Georgia and Chicago, Illinois during a 12-year period (Atlanta 2010-2016; Chicago 2005-2012) to reveal regional patterns of zoonotic activity of WNV. WNV antibodies were measured in wild bird sera using ELISA and serum neutralization methods, and seroprevalence among species, year, and location of sampling within each city were compared using binomial-distributed generalized linear mixed-effects models. Seroprevalence was highest in year-round and summer-resident species compared with migrants regardless of region; species explained more variance in seroprevalence within each city. Northern cardinals were the species most likely to test positive for WNV in each city, whereas all other species, on average, tested positive for WNV in proportion to their sample size. Despite similar patterns of seroprevalence among species, overall seroprevalence was higher in Atlanta (13.7%) than in Chicago (5%). Location and year of sampling had minor effects, with location explaining more variation in Atlanta and year explaining more variation in Chicago. Our findings highlight the nature and magnitude of regional differences in WNV urban ecology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph R. McMillan
- Program in Population Biology, Ecology and Evolution, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Gabriel L. Hamer
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Rebecca S. Levine
- Program in Population Biology, Ecology and Evolution, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Daniel G. Mead
- Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Lance A. Waller
- Program in Population Biology, Ecology and Evolution, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia;,Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Tony L. Goldberg
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Edward D. Walker
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Jeffrey D. Brawn
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois Champaign–Urbana, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Marilyn O. Ruiz
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois Champaign–Urbana, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Uriel Kitron
- Program in Population Biology, Ecology and Evolution, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia;,Department of Environmental Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Gonzalo Vazquez-Prokopec
- Program in Population Biology, Ecology and Evolution, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia;,Department of Environmental Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia,Address correspondence to Gonzalo Vazquez-Prokopec, Department of Environmental Sciences, Emory University, 400 Dowman Dr., Math and Science Center, 5th Floor, Suite E530, Atlanta, GA 30322. E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chalhoub FLL, Horta MAP, Alcantara LCJ, Morales A, dos Santos LMB, Guerra-Campos V, Rodrigues CDS, Santos CC, Mares-Guia MAM, Pauvolid-Corrêa A, de Filippis AMB. Serological Evidence of Exposure to Saint Louis Encephalitis and West Nile Viruses in Horses of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Viruses 2022; 14:v14112459. [PMID: 36366557 PMCID: PMC9695862 DOI: 10.3390/v14112459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Infections with arboviruses are reported worldwide. Saint Louis encephalitis (SLEV) and West Nile (WNV) viruses are closely related flaviviruses affecting humans and animals. SLEV has been sporadically detected in humans, and corresponding antibodies have been frequently detected in horses throughout Brazil. WNV was first reported in western Brazil over a decade ago, has been associated with neurological disorders in humans and equines and its prevalence is increasing nationwide. Herein, we investigated by molecular and serological methods the presence of SLEV and WNV in equines from Rio de Janeiro. A total of 435 serum samples were collected from healthy horses and tested for specific neutralizing antibodies by plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT90). Additionally, samples (serum, cerebrospinal fluid, central nervous system tissue) from 72 horses, including horses with neurological disorders resulting in a fatal outcome or horses which had contact with them, were tested by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) for both viruses. Adopting the criterion of four-fold antibody titer difference, 165 horses (38%) presented neutralizing antibodies for flaviviruses, 89 (20.4%) for SLEV and five (1.1%) for WNV. No evidence of SLEV and WNV infection was detected by RT-qPCR and, thus, such infection could not be confirmed in the additional samples. Our findings indicate horses of Rio de Janeiro were exposed to SLEV and WNV, contributing to the current knowledge on the distribution of these viruses in Brazil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Alejandra Morales
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Virales Humanas, Pergamino 2700, Argentina
| | | | | | | | - Carolina C. Santos
- Laboratório de Flavivírus, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil
| | | | - Alex Pauvolid-Corrêa
- Laboratório de Virologia Animal, Setor de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e de Saúde Pública do Departamento de Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa 36570-900, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lorenz C, de Azevedo TS, Chiaravalloti-Neto F. Impact of climate change on West Nile virus distribution in South America. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2022; 116:1043-1053. [PMID: 35640005 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trac044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND West Nile virus (WNV) is a vector-borne pathogen of global relevance and is currently the most widely distributed flavivirus causing encephalitis worldwide. Climate conditions have direct and indirect impacts on vector abundance and virus dynamics within the mosquito. The significance of environmental variables as drivers in WNV epidemiology is increasing under the current climate change scenario. In this study we used a machine learning algorithm to model WNV distributions in South America. METHODS Our model evaluated eight environmental variables for their contribution to the occurrence of WNV since its introduction in South America in 2004. RESULTS Our results showed that environmental variables can directly alter the occurrence of WNV, with lower precipitation and higher temperatures associated with increased virus incidence. High-risk areas may be modified in the coming years, becoming more evident with high greenhouse gas emission levels. Countries such as Bolivia, Paraguay and several Brazilian areas, mainly in the northeast and midwest regions and the Pantanal biome, will be greatly affected, drastically changing the current WNV distribution. CONCLUSIONS Understanding the linkages between climatological and ecological change as determinants of disease emergence and redistribution will help optimize preventive strategies. Increased virus surveillance, integrated modelling and the use of geographically based data systems will provide more anticipatory measures by the scientific community.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camila Lorenz
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Dr Arnaldo, 715, São Paulo CEP 05509-300, Brazil
| | - Thiago Salomão de Azevedo
- Secretary of Health, Municipality of Santa Barbara d'Oeste - CEP 13450-021, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Laboratory of Entomology and Molecular Systematic, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Dr Arnaldo, 715, São Paulo CEP 05509-300, Brazil
| | - Francisco Chiaravalloti-Neto
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Dr Arnaldo, 715, São Paulo CEP 05509-300, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
de Figueiredo MLG, Williams EP, Jonsson CB, Khan MJ, Nunes MRT, de Lima CPS, Figueiredo LTM, Costa MRF, Mourão MPG, Lacerda MVG, Aquino VH. Screening of febrile patients with suspected malaria from the Brazilian Amazon for virus infection. Arch Virol 2022; 167:2151-2162. [PMID: 35841448 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-022-05514-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) are a significant public health threat, especially in tropical and subtropical regions. More than 150 arboviruses can cause febrile illness following infection in humans. The Brazilian Amazon region has the highest number of arboviruses detected worldwide. In addition to arboviruses, malaria, caused by Plasmodium vivax, is endemic in the Amazon. Patients with malaria and arboviral disease frequently show similar clinical presentation and laboratory findings, making the diagnosis of the cause of the infection challenging. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential for viral infections in patients with suspected malaria but without Plasmodium infection in the Brazilian Amazon. We recruited 200 subjects with suspected malaria in Manaus, Brazil. First, we tested for arboviruses in serum samples from 124 of the 200 participants using an arbovirus DNA microarray platform, which did not detect any virus. Then, we mixed the serum samples of the other 76 participants in 10 pools and subjected them to next-generation sequencing. Analysis of the sequencing data revealed the presence of only one arbovirus (Zika virus) in one sample pool. This analysis also detected the presence of primate erythroparvovirus 1 and pegivirus C. These results suggest that arboviruses are not the most frequent viral infections in patients with suspected malaria but without Plasmodium infection in the metropolitan region of Manaus. Implementation of specific viral surveillance tests will help in the early detection of viruses with epidemic potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Luis Garcia de Figueiredo
- Laboratory of Virology, Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Evan P Williams
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Biochemistry, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Colleen B Jonsson
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Biochemistry, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Mohd Jaseem Khan
- Laboratory of Virology, Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Luiz Tadeu Moraes Figueiredo
- Ribeirao Preto Medical School, Virology Research Center, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Paula Gomes Mourão
- Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
- Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (UEA), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Marcus Vinícius Guimarães Lacerda
- Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.
- Instituto Leônidas and Maria Deane (FIOCRUZ-Amazonas), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.
| | - Victor Hugo Aquino
- Laboratory of Virology, Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Fritsch H, Pereira FM, Costa EA, Fonseca V, Tosta S, Xavier J, Levy F, de Oliveira C, Menezes G, Lima J, Santos L, Silva L, Nardy V, Astete MKG, Santos BSÁDS, Aguiar NR, Guedes MIMC, de Faria GC, Furtini R, Drumond SRM, Cunha GM, Souza MSPL, de Jesus R, Guimarães SAF, Nuno IC, de Santana ICB, de Sá JEU, Santos GR, Silva WS, Guedes TF, Araújo ELL, Said RFDC, de Albuquerque CFC, Peterka CRL, Romano APM, da Cunha RV, de Filippis AMB, Leal e Silva de Mello A, Giovanetti M, Alcantara LCJ. Retrospective Investigation in Horses with Encephalitis Reveals Unnoticed Circulation of West Nile Virus in Brazil. Viruses 2022; 14:v14071540. [PMID: 35891521 PMCID: PMC9316658 DOI: 10.3390/v14071540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
During these past years, several studies have provided serological evidence regarding the circulation of West Nile virus (WNV) in Brazil. Despite some reports, much is still unknown regarding the genomic diversity and transmission dynamics of this virus in the country. Recently, genomic monitoring activities in horses revealed the circulation of WNV in several Brazilian regions. These findings on the paucity of genomic data reinforce the need for prompt investigation of WNV infection in horses, which may precede human cases of encephalitis in Brazil. Thus, in this study, we retrospectively screened 54 suspicious WNV samples collected between 2017 and 2020 from the spinal cord and brain of horses with encephalitis and generated three new WNV genomes from the Ceará and Bahia states, located in the northeastern region of Brazil. The Bayesian reconstruction revealed that at least two independent introduction events occurred in Brazil. The first introduction event appears to be likely related to the North American outbreak, and was estimated to have occurred in March 2013.The second introduction event appears to have occurred in September 2017 and appears to be likely related to the South American outbreak. Together, our results reinforce the importance of increasing the priority of WNV genomic monitoring in equines with encephalitis in order to track the dispersion of this emerging pathogen through the country.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hegger Fritsch
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil; (H.F.); (E.A.C.); (S.T.); (J.X.); (B.S.Á.d.S.S.); (N.R.A.); (M.I.M.C.G.)
| | - Felicidade Mota Pereira
- Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública Prof Goncalo Moniz, Salvador 41745-900, Brazil; (F.M.P.); (G.M.); (J.L.); (L.S.); (L.S.); (V.N.); (M.K.G.A.); (S.A.F.G.); (I.C.N.); (I.C.B.d.S.); (J.E.U.d.S.); (G.R.S.); (W.S.S.)
| | - Erica Azevedo Costa
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil; (H.F.); (E.A.C.); (S.T.); (J.X.); (B.S.Á.d.S.S.); (N.R.A.); (M.I.M.C.G.)
| | - Vagner Fonseca
- Organização Pan-Americana de Saúde/Organização Mundial de Saúde, Brasilia 37650-000, Brazil; (V.F.); (R.F.d.C.S.); (C.F.C.d.A.)
| | - Stephane Tosta
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil; (H.F.); (E.A.C.); (S.T.); (J.X.); (B.S.Á.d.S.S.); (N.R.A.); (M.I.M.C.G.)
| | - Joilson Xavier
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil; (H.F.); (E.A.C.); (S.T.); (J.X.); (B.S.Á.d.S.S.); (N.R.A.); (M.I.M.C.G.)
| | - Flavia Levy
- Laboratorio de Flavivirus, lnstituto Oswaldo Cruz/Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil; (F.L.); (C.d.O.); (A.M.B.d.F.)
| | - Carla de Oliveira
- Laboratorio de Flavivirus, lnstituto Oswaldo Cruz/Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil; (F.L.); (C.d.O.); (A.M.B.d.F.)
| | - Gabriela Menezes
- Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública Prof Goncalo Moniz, Salvador 41745-900, Brazil; (F.M.P.); (G.M.); (J.L.); (L.S.); (L.S.); (V.N.); (M.K.G.A.); (S.A.F.G.); (I.C.N.); (I.C.B.d.S.); (J.E.U.d.S.); (G.R.S.); (W.S.S.)
| | - Jaqueline Lima
- Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública Prof Goncalo Moniz, Salvador 41745-900, Brazil; (F.M.P.); (G.M.); (J.L.); (L.S.); (L.S.); (V.N.); (M.K.G.A.); (S.A.F.G.); (I.C.N.); (I.C.B.d.S.); (J.E.U.d.S.); (G.R.S.); (W.S.S.)
| | - Lenisa Santos
- Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública Prof Goncalo Moniz, Salvador 41745-900, Brazil; (F.M.P.); (G.M.); (J.L.); (L.S.); (L.S.); (V.N.); (M.K.G.A.); (S.A.F.G.); (I.C.N.); (I.C.B.d.S.); (J.E.U.d.S.); (G.R.S.); (W.S.S.)
| | - Luciana Silva
- Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública Prof Goncalo Moniz, Salvador 41745-900, Brazil; (F.M.P.); (G.M.); (J.L.); (L.S.); (L.S.); (V.N.); (M.K.G.A.); (S.A.F.G.); (I.C.N.); (I.C.B.d.S.); (J.E.U.d.S.); (G.R.S.); (W.S.S.)
| | - Vanessa Nardy
- Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública Prof Goncalo Moniz, Salvador 41745-900, Brazil; (F.M.P.); (G.M.); (J.L.); (L.S.); (L.S.); (V.N.); (M.K.G.A.); (S.A.F.G.); (I.C.N.); (I.C.B.d.S.); (J.E.U.d.S.); (G.R.S.); (W.S.S.)
| | - Marcela Kelly Gómez Astete
- Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública Prof Goncalo Moniz, Salvador 41745-900, Brazil; (F.M.P.); (G.M.); (J.L.); (L.S.); (L.S.); (V.N.); (M.K.G.A.); (S.A.F.G.); (I.C.N.); (I.C.B.d.S.); (J.E.U.d.S.); (G.R.S.); (W.S.S.)
| | | | - Nágila Rocha Aguiar
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil; (H.F.); (E.A.C.); (S.T.); (J.X.); (B.S.Á.d.S.S.); (N.R.A.); (M.I.M.C.G.)
| | - Maria Isabel Maldonado Coelho Guedes
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil; (H.F.); (E.A.C.); (S.T.); (J.X.); (B.S.Á.d.S.S.); (N.R.A.); (M.I.M.C.G.)
| | - Guilherme Canhestro de Faria
- Laboratório de Saúde Animal, Instituto Mineiro de Agropecuária, Belo Horizonte 30110-005, Brazil; (G.C.d.F.); (R.F.); (S.R.M.D.)
| | - Ronaldo Furtini
- Laboratório de Saúde Animal, Instituto Mineiro de Agropecuária, Belo Horizonte 30110-005, Brazil; (G.C.d.F.); (R.F.); (S.R.M.D.)
| | - Safira Rachel Milanez Drumond
- Laboratório de Saúde Animal, Instituto Mineiro de Agropecuária, Belo Horizonte 30110-005, Brazil; (G.C.d.F.); (R.F.); (S.R.M.D.)
| | - Gabriel Muricy Cunha
- Secretary of Health of the State of Bahia (SESAB), Salvador 40301-110, Brazil; (G.M.C.); (M.S.P.L.S.)
| | | | - Ronaldo de Jesus
- Coordenação Geral dos Laboratórios de Saúde Pública, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde-Brazil, Brasília 70719-040, Brazil; (R.d.J.); (T.F.G.); (E.L.L.A.)
| | - Sara A. Franco Guimarães
- Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública Prof Goncalo Moniz, Salvador 41745-900, Brazil; (F.M.P.); (G.M.); (J.L.); (L.S.); (L.S.); (V.N.); (M.K.G.A.); (S.A.F.G.); (I.C.N.); (I.C.B.d.S.); (J.E.U.d.S.); (G.R.S.); (W.S.S.)
| | - Italo Coelho Nuno
- Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública Prof Goncalo Moniz, Salvador 41745-900, Brazil; (F.M.P.); (G.M.); (J.L.); (L.S.); (L.S.); (V.N.); (M.K.G.A.); (S.A.F.G.); (I.C.N.); (I.C.B.d.S.); (J.E.U.d.S.); (G.R.S.); (W.S.S.)
| | - Ian Carlos Brito de Santana
- Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública Prof Goncalo Moniz, Salvador 41745-900, Brazil; (F.M.P.); (G.M.); (J.L.); (L.S.); (L.S.); (V.N.); (M.K.G.A.); (S.A.F.G.); (I.C.N.); (I.C.B.d.S.); (J.E.U.d.S.); (G.R.S.); (W.S.S.)
| | - José Eduardo Ungar de Sá
- Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública Prof Goncalo Moniz, Salvador 41745-900, Brazil; (F.M.P.); (G.M.); (J.L.); (L.S.); (L.S.); (V.N.); (M.K.G.A.); (S.A.F.G.); (I.C.N.); (I.C.B.d.S.); (J.E.U.d.S.); (G.R.S.); (W.S.S.)
| | - George Roma Santos
- Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública Prof Goncalo Moniz, Salvador 41745-900, Brazil; (F.M.P.); (G.M.); (J.L.); (L.S.); (L.S.); (V.N.); (M.K.G.A.); (S.A.F.G.); (I.C.N.); (I.C.B.d.S.); (J.E.U.d.S.); (G.R.S.); (W.S.S.)
| | - Willadesmon Santos Silva
- Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública Prof Goncalo Moniz, Salvador 41745-900, Brazil; (F.M.P.); (G.M.); (J.L.); (L.S.); (L.S.); (V.N.); (M.K.G.A.); (S.A.F.G.); (I.C.N.); (I.C.B.d.S.); (J.E.U.d.S.); (G.R.S.); (W.S.S.)
| | - Thiago Ferreira Guedes
- Coordenação Geral dos Laboratórios de Saúde Pública, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde-Brazil, Brasília 70719-040, Brazil; (R.d.J.); (T.F.G.); (E.L.L.A.)
| | - Emerson Luiz Lima Araújo
- Coordenação Geral dos Laboratórios de Saúde Pública, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde-Brazil, Brasília 70719-040, Brazil; (R.d.J.); (T.F.G.); (E.L.L.A.)
| | - Rodrigo Fabiano do Carmo Said
- Organização Pan-Americana de Saúde/Organização Mundial de Saúde, Brasilia 37650-000, Brazil; (V.F.); (R.F.d.C.S.); (C.F.C.d.A.)
| | | | - Cassio Roberto Leonel Peterka
- Coordenação Geral das Arboviroses, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde (CGARB/SVS-MS), Brasilia 37650-000, Brazil; (C.R.L.P.); (A.P.M.R.)
| | - Alessandro Pecego Martins Romano
- Coordenação Geral das Arboviroses, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde (CGARB/SVS-MS), Brasilia 37650-000, Brazil; (C.R.L.P.); (A.P.M.R.)
| | | | - Ana Maria Bispo de Filippis
- Laboratorio de Flavivirus, lnstituto Oswaldo Cruz/Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil; (F.L.); (C.d.O.); (A.M.B.d.F.)
| | - Arabela Leal e Silva de Mello
- Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública Prof Goncalo Moniz, Salvador 41745-900, Brazil; (F.M.P.); (G.M.); (J.L.); (L.S.); (L.S.); (V.N.); (M.K.G.A.); (S.A.F.G.); (I.C.N.); (I.C.B.d.S.); (J.E.U.d.S.); (G.R.S.); (W.S.S.)
- Correspondence: (A.L.e.S.d.M.); (M.G.); (L.C.J.A.)
| | - Marta Giovanetti
- Laboratorio de Flavivirus, lnstituto Oswaldo Cruz/Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil; (F.L.); (C.d.O.); (A.M.B.d.F.)
- Department of Science and Technology for Humans and the Environment, University of Campus Bio-Medico, 00128 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.L.e.S.d.M.); (M.G.); (L.C.J.A.)
| | - Luiz Carlos Junior Alcantara
- Laboratorio de Flavivirus, lnstituto Oswaldo Cruz/Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil; (F.L.); (C.d.O.); (A.M.B.d.F.)
- Correspondence: (A.L.e.S.d.M.); (M.G.); (L.C.J.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
de Oliveira-Filho EF, Fischer C, Berneck BS, Carneiro IO, Kühne A, de Almeida Campos AC, Ribas JRL, Netto EM, Franke CR, Ulbert S, Drexler JF. Ecologic Determinants of West Nile Virus Seroprevalence among Equids, Brazil. Emerg Infect Dis 2021; 27:2466-2470. [PMID: 34424166 PMCID: PMC8386811 DOI: 10.3201/eid2709.204706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Among 713 equids sampled in northeastern Brazil during 2013-2018, West Nile virus seroprevalence was 4.5% (95% CI 3.1%-6.3%). Mathematical modeling substantiated higher seroprevalence adjacent to an avian migratory route and in areas characterized by forest loss, implying increased risk for zoonotic infections in disturbed areas.
Collapse
|
10
|
Löwen Levy Chalhoub F, Maia de Queiroz-Júnior E, Holanda Duarte B, Eielson Pinheiro de Sá M, Cerqueira Lima P, Carneiro de Oliveira A, Medeiros Neves Casseb L, Leal das Chagas L, Antônio de Oliveira Monteiro H, Sebastião Alberto Santos Neves M, Facundo Chaves C, Jean da Silva Moura P, Machado Rapello do Nascimento A, Giesbrecht Pinheiro R, Roberio Soares Vieira A, Bergson Pinheiro Moura F, Osvaldo Rodrigues da Silva L, Nogueira Farias da Escóssia K, Caranha de Sousa L, Leticia Cavalcante Ramalho I, Williams Lopes da Silva A, Maria Simōes Mello L, Felix de Souza F, das Chagas Almeida F, dos Santos Rodrigues R, do Vale Chagas D, Ferreira-de-Brito A, Ribeiro Leite Jardim Cavalcante K, Angélica Monteiro de Mello Mares-Guia M, Martins Guerra Campos V, Rodrigues da Costa Faria N, Adriano da Cunha e Silva Vieira M, Cesar Lima de Mendonça M, Camila Amorim de Alvarenga Pivisan N, de Oliveira Moreno J, Aldessandra Diniz Vieira M, Gonçalves de Aguiar Gomes R, Montenegro de Carvalho Araújo F, Henrique de Oliveira Passos P, Garkauskas Ramos D, Pecego Martins Romano A, Carício Martins L, Lourenço-de-Oliveira R, Maria Bispo de Filippis A, Pauvolid-Corrêa A. West Nile Virus in the State of Ceará, Northeast Brazil. Microorganisms 2021; 9:1699. [PMID: 34442778 PMCID: PMC8401605 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9081699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In June 2019, a horse with neurological disorder was diagnosed with West Nile virus (WNV) in Boa Viagem, a municipality in the state of Ceará, northeast Brazil. A multi-institutional task force coordinated by the Brazilian Ministry of Health was deployed to the area for case investigation. A total of 513 biological samples from 78 humans, 157 domestic animals and 278 free-ranging wild birds, as well as 853 adult mosquitoes of 22 species were tested for WNV by highly specific serological and/or molecular tests. No active circulation of WNV was detected in vertebrates or mosquitoes by molecular methods. Previous exposure to WNV was confirmed by seroconversion in domestic birds and by the detection of specific neutralizing antibodies in 44% (11/25) of equids, 20.9% (14/67) of domestic birds, 4.7% (13/278) of free-ranging wild birds, 2.6% (2/78) of humans, and 1.5% (1/65) of small ruminants. Results indicate that not only equines but also humans and different species of domestic animals and wild birds were locally exposed to WNV. The detection of neutralizing antibodies for WNV in free-ranging individuals of abundant passerine species suggests that birds commonly found in the region may have been involved as amplifying hosts in local transmission cycles of WNV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Flávia Löwen Levy Chalhoub
- Laboratório de Flavivírus, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Ministério da Saúde (MS), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21040-900, Brazil; (F.L.L.C.); (M.A.M.d.M.M.-G.); (V.M.G.C.); (N.R.d.C.F.); (M.C.L.d.M.); (A.M.B.d.F.)
| | - Eudson Maia de Queiroz-Júnior
- Agência de Defesa Agropecuária do Estado do Ceará (ADAGRI), Fortaleza, CE 60811-520, Brazil; (E.M.d.Q.-J.); (A.W.L.d.S.); (J.d.O.M.)
| | - Bruna Holanda Duarte
- Secretaria Estadual de Saúde do Estado do Ceará (SES-CE), Fortaleza, CE 60060-440, Brazil; (B.H.D.); (A.R.S.V.); (F.B.P.M.); (L.O.R.d.S.); (K.N.F.d.E.); (L.C.d.S.); (N.C.A.d.A.P.); (R.G.d.A.G.)
| | - Marcos Eielson Pinheiro de Sá
- Departamento de Serviços Técnicos, Secretaria de Defesa Agropecuária, Ministério da Agricultura Pecuária e Abastecimento (MAPA), Brasília, DF 70043-900, Brazil;
| | | | - Ailton Carneiro de Oliveira
- Centro Nacional de Pesquisa para Conservação das Aves Silvestres (CEMAVE), Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade (ICMBio), Ministério do Meio Ambiente (MMA), Cabedelo, PB 58108-012, Brazil;
| | - Lívia Medeiros Neves Casseb
- Seção de Arbovirologia e Febres Hemorrágicas, Instituto Evandro Chagas (IEC), MS, Ananindeua, PA 67030-000, Brazil; (L.M.N.C.); (L.L.d.C.); (H.A.d.O.M.); (L.C.M.)
| | - Liliane Leal das Chagas
- Seção de Arbovirologia e Febres Hemorrágicas, Instituto Evandro Chagas (IEC), MS, Ananindeua, PA 67030-000, Brazil; (L.M.N.C.); (L.L.d.C.); (H.A.d.O.M.); (L.C.M.)
| | - Hamilton Antônio de Oliveira Monteiro
- Seção de Arbovirologia e Febres Hemorrágicas, Instituto Evandro Chagas (IEC), MS, Ananindeua, PA 67030-000, Brazil; (L.M.N.C.); (L.L.d.C.); (H.A.d.O.M.); (L.C.M.)
| | - Maycon Sebastião Alberto Santos Neves
- Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Fiocruz, MS, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21040-900, Brazil; (M.S.A.S.N.); (A.F.-d.-B.); (R.L.-d.-O.)
| | | | - Paulo Jean da Silva Moura
- Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Boa Viagem (SMS-Boa Viagem), Boa Viagem, CE 63870-000, Brazil; (P.J.d.S.M.); (F.F.d.S.); (F.d.C.A.); (R.d.S.R.); (D.d.V.C.); (M.A.D.V.)
| | - Aline Machado Rapello do Nascimento
- Coordenação-Geral de Vigilância das Arboviroses (CGARB), Departamento de Imunização e Doenças Transmissíveis (DEIDT), Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde (SVS), MS, Brasília, DF 70058-900, Brazil; (A.M.R.d.N.); (R.G.P.); (M.A.d.C.e.S.V.); (P.H.d.O.P.); (D.G.R.); (A.P.M.R.)
| | - Rodrigo Giesbrecht Pinheiro
- Coordenação-Geral de Vigilância das Arboviroses (CGARB), Departamento de Imunização e Doenças Transmissíveis (DEIDT), Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde (SVS), MS, Brasília, DF 70058-900, Brazil; (A.M.R.d.N.); (R.G.P.); (M.A.d.C.e.S.V.); (P.H.d.O.P.); (D.G.R.); (A.P.M.R.)
| | - Antonio Roberio Soares Vieira
- Secretaria Estadual de Saúde do Estado do Ceará (SES-CE), Fortaleza, CE 60060-440, Brazil; (B.H.D.); (A.R.S.V.); (F.B.P.M.); (L.O.R.d.S.); (K.N.F.d.E.); (L.C.d.S.); (N.C.A.d.A.P.); (R.G.d.A.G.)
| | - Francisco Bergson Pinheiro Moura
- Secretaria Estadual de Saúde do Estado do Ceará (SES-CE), Fortaleza, CE 60060-440, Brazil; (B.H.D.); (A.R.S.V.); (F.B.P.M.); (L.O.R.d.S.); (K.N.F.d.E.); (L.C.d.S.); (N.C.A.d.A.P.); (R.G.d.A.G.)
| | - Luiz Osvaldo Rodrigues da Silva
- Secretaria Estadual de Saúde do Estado do Ceará (SES-CE), Fortaleza, CE 60060-440, Brazil; (B.H.D.); (A.R.S.V.); (F.B.P.M.); (L.O.R.d.S.); (K.N.F.d.E.); (L.C.d.S.); (N.C.A.d.A.P.); (R.G.d.A.G.)
| | - Kiliana Nogueira Farias da Escóssia
- Secretaria Estadual de Saúde do Estado do Ceará (SES-CE), Fortaleza, CE 60060-440, Brazil; (B.H.D.); (A.R.S.V.); (F.B.P.M.); (L.O.R.d.S.); (K.N.F.d.E.); (L.C.d.S.); (N.C.A.d.A.P.); (R.G.d.A.G.)
| | - Lindenberg Caranha de Sousa
- Secretaria Estadual de Saúde do Estado do Ceará (SES-CE), Fortaleza, CE 60060-440, Brazil; (B.H.D.); (A.R.S.V.); (F.B.P.M.); (L.O.R.d.S.); (K.N.F.d.E.); (L.C.d.S.); (N.C.A.d.A.P.); (R.G.d.A.G.)
| | | | - Antônio Williams Lopes da Silva
- Agência de Defesa Agropecuária do Estado do Ceará (ADAGRI), Fortaleza, CE 60811-520, Brazil; (E.M.d.Q.-J.); (A.W.L.d.S.); (J.d.O.M.)
| | - Leda Maria Simōes Mello
- Laboratório Central do Estado do Ceará (LACEN-CE), Fortaleza, CE 60120-002, Brazil; (I.L.C.R.); (L.M.S.M.); (F.M.d.C.A.)
| | - Fábio Felix de Souza
- Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Boa Viagem (SMS-Boa Viagem), Boa Viagem, CE 63870-000, Brazil; (P.J.d.S.M.); (F.F.d.S.); (F.d.C.A.); (R.d.S.R.); (D.d.V.C.); (M.A.D.V.)
| | - Francisco das Chagas Almeida
- Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Boa Viagem (SMS-Boa Viagem), Boa Viagem, CE 63870-000, Brazil; (P.J.d.S.M.); (F.F.d.S.); (F.d.C.A.); (R.d.S.R.); (D.d.V.C.); (M.A.D.V.)
| | - Raí dos Santos Rodrigues
- Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Boa Viagem (SMS-Boa Viagem), Boa Viagem, CE 63870-000, Brazil; (P.J.d.S.M.); (F.F.d.S.); (F.d.C.A.); (R.d.S.R.); (D.d.V.C.); (M.A.D.V.)
| | - Diego do Vale Chagas
- Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Boa Viagem (SMS-Boa Viagem), Boa Viagem, CE 63870-000, Brazil; (P.J.d.S.M.); (F.F.d.S.); (F.d.C.A.); (R.d.S.R.); (D.d.V.C.); (M.A.D.V.)
| | - Anielly Ferreira-de-Brito
- Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Fiocruz, MS, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21040-900, Brazil; (M.S.A.S.N.); (A.F.-d.-B.); (R.L.-d.-O.)
| | | | - Maria Angélica Monteiro de Mello Mares-Guia
- Laboratório de Flavivírus, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Ministério da Saúde (MS), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21040-900, Brazil; (F.L.L.C.); (M.A.M.d.M.M.-G.); (V.M.G.C.); (N.R.d.C.F.); (M.C.L.d.M.); (A.M.B.d.F.)
| | - Vinícius Martins Guerra Campos
- Laboratório de Flavivírus, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Ministério da Saúde (MS), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21040-900, Brazil; (F.L.L.C.); (M.A.M.d.M.M.-G.); (V.M.G.C.); (N.R.d.C.F.); (M.C.L.d.M.); (A.M.B.d.F.)
| | - Nieli Rodrigues da Costa Faria
- Laboratório de Flavivírus, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Ministério da Saúde (MS), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21040-900, Brazil; (F.L.L.C.); (M.A.M.d.M.M.-G.); (V.M.G.C.); (N.R.d.C.F.); (M.C.L.d.M.); (A.M.B.d.F.)
| | - Marcelo Adriano da Cunha e Silva Vieira
- Coordenação-Geral de Vigilância das Arboviroses (CGARB), Departamento de Imunização e Doenças Transmissíveis (DEIDT), Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde (SVS), MS, Brasília, DF 70058-900, Brazil; (A.M.R.d.N.); (R.G.P.); (M.A.d.C.e.S.V.); (P.H.d.O.P.); (D.G.R.); (A.P.M.R.)
- Coordenação de Epidemiologia, Secretaria de Estado da Saúde do Piauí, Teresina, PI 64018-000, Brazil
| | - Marcos Cesar Lima de Mendonça
- Laboratório de Flavivírus, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Ministério da Saúde (MS), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21040-900, Brazil; (F.L.L.C.); (M.A.M.d.M.M.-G.); (V.M.G.C.); (N.R.d.C.F.); (M.C.L.d.M.); (A.M.B.d.F.)
| | - Nayara Camila Amorim de Alvarenga Pivisan
- Secretaria Estadual de Saúde do Estado do Ceará (SES-CE), Fortaleza, CE 60060-440, Brazil; (B.H.D.); (A.R.S.V.); (F.B.P.M.); (L.O.R.d.S.); (K.N.F.d.E.); (L.C.d.S.); (N.C.A.d.A.P.); (R.G.d.A.G.)
| | - Jarier de Oliveira Moreno
- Agência de Defesa Agropecuária do Estado do Ceará (ADAGRI), Fortaleza, CE 60811-520, Brazil; (E.M.d.Q.-J.); (A.W.L.d.S.); (J.d.O.M.)
| | - Maria Aldessandra Diniz Vieira
- Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Boa Viagem (SMS-Boa Viagem), Boa Viagem, CE 63870-000, Brazil; (P.J.d.S.M.); (F.F.d.S.); (F.d.C.A.); (R.d.S.R.); (D.d.V.C.); (M.A.D.V.)
| | - Ricristhi Gonçalves de Aguiar Gomes
- Secretaria Estadual de Saúde do Estado do Ceará (SES-CE), Fortaleza, CE 60060-440, Brazil; (B.H.D.); (A.R.S.V.); (F.B.P.M.); (L.O.R.d.S.); (K.N.F.d.E.); (L.C.d.S.); (N.C.A.d.A.P.); (R.G.d.A.G.)
| | | | - Pedro Henrique de Oliveira Passos
- Coordenação-Geral de Vigilância das Arboviroses (CGARB), Departamento de Imunização e Doenças Transmissíveis (DEIDT), Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde (SVS), MS, Brasília, DF 70058-900, Brazil; (A.M.R.d.N.); (R.G.P.); (M.A.d.C.e.S.V.); (P.H.d.O.P.); (D.G.R.); (A.P.M.R.)
| | - Daniel Garkauskas Ramos
- Coordenação-Geral de Vigilância das Arboviroses (CGARB), Departamento de Imunização e Doenças Transmissíveis (DEIDT), Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde (SVS), MS, Brasília, DF 70058-900, Brazil; (A.M.R.d.N.); (R.G.P.); (M.A.d.C.e.S.V.); (P.H.d.O.P.); (D.G.R.); (A.P.M.R.)
| | - Alessandro Pecego Martins Romano
- Coordenação-Geral de Vigilância das Arboviroses (CGARB), Departamento de Imunização e Doenças Transmissíveis (DEIDT), Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde (SVS), MS, Brasília, DF 70058-900, Brazil; (A.M.R.d.N.); (R.G.P.); (M.A.d.C.e.S.V.); (P.H.d.O.P.); (D.G.R.); (A.P.M.R.)
| | - Lívia Carício Martins
- Seção de Arbovirologia e Febres Hemorrágicas, Instituto Evandro Chagas (IEC), MS, Ananindeua, PA 67030-000, Brazil; (L.M.N.C.); (L.L.d.C.); (H.A.d.O.M.); (L.C.M.)
| | - Ricardo Lourenço-de-Oliveira
- Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Fiocruz, MS, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21040-900, Brazil; (M.S.A.S.N.); (A.F.-d.-B.); (R.L.-d.-O.)
| | - Ana Maria Bispo de Filippis
- Laboratório de Flavivírus, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Ministério da Saúde (MS), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21040-900, Brazil; (F.L.L.C.); (M.A.M.d.M.M.-G.); (V.M.G.C.); (N.R.d.C.F.); (M.C.L.d.M.); (A.M.B.d.F.)
| | - Alex Pauvolid-Corrêa
- Laboratório de Flavivírus, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Ministério da Saúde (MS), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21040-900, Brazil; (F.L.L.C.); (M.A.M.d.M.M.-G.); (V.M.G.C.); (N.R.d.C.F.); (M.C.L.d.M.); (A.M.B.d.F.)
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4458, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Costa ÉA, Giovanetti M, Silva Catenacci L, Fonseca V, Aburjaile FF, Chalhoub FLL, Xavier J, Campos de Melo Iani F, da Cunha e Silva Vieira MA, Freitas Henriques D, Medeiros DBDA, Guedes MIMC, Senra Álvares da Silva Santos B, Gonçalves Silva AS, de Pino Albuquerque Maranhão R, da Costa Faria NR, Farinelli de Siqueira R, de Oliveira T, Ribeiro Leite Jardim Cavalcante K, Oliveira de Moura NF, Pecego Martins Romano A, Campelo de Albuquerque CF, Soares Feitosa LC, Martins Bayeux JJ, Bertoni Cavalcanti Teixeira R, Lisboa Lobato O, da Costa Silva S, Bispo de Filippis AM, Venâncio da Cunha R, Lourenço J, Alcantara LCJ. West Nile Virus in Brazil. Pathogens 2021; 10:896. [PMID: 34358046 PMCID: PMC8308589 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10070896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: West Nile virus (WNV) was first sequenced in Brazil in 2019, when it was isolated from a horse in the Espírito Santo state. Despite multiple studies reporting serological evidence suggestive of past circulation since 2004, WNV remains a low priority for surveillance and public health, such that much is still unknown about its genomic diversity, evolution, and transmission in the country. Methods: A combination of diagnostic assays, nanopore sequencing, phylogenetic inference, and epidemiological modeling are here used to provide a holistic overview of what is known about WNV in Brazil. Results: We report new genetic evidence of WNV circulation in southern (Minas Gerais, São Paulo) and northeastern (Piauí) states isolated from equine red blood cells. A novel, climate-informed theoretical perspective of the potential transmission of WNV across the country highlights the state of Piauí as particularly relevant for WNV epidemiology in Brazil, although it does not reject possible circulation in other states. Conclusion: Our output demonstrates the scarceness of existing data, and that although there is sufficient evidence for the circulation and persistence of the virus, much is still unknown on its local evolution, epidemiology, and activity. We advocate for a shift to active surveillance, to ensure adequate preparedness for future epidemics with spill-over potential to humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Érica Azevedo Costa
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil; (É.A.C.); (M.I.M.C.G.); (B.S.Á.d.S.S.); (A.S.G.S.)
| | - Marta Giovanetti
- Laboratório de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil; (M.G.); (F.L.L.C.); (N.R.d.C.F.); (A.M.B.d.F.)
- Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil; (V.F.); (F.F.A.); (J.X.)
| | - Lilian Silva Catenacci
- Departamento De Morfofisiologia Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, Brazil;
| | - Vagner Fonseca
- Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil; (V.F.); (F.F.A.); (J.X.)
- KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform (KRISP), School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa;
- Coordenação Geral dos Laboratórios de Saúde Pública/Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Ministério da Saúde (CGLAB/SVS-MS), Brasília 70719-040, Brazil
| | - Flávia Figueira Aburjaile
- Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil; (V.F.); (F.F.A.); (J.X.)
| | - Flávia L. L. Chalhoub
- Laboratório de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil; (M.G.); (F.L.L.C.); (N.R.d.C.F.); (A.M.B.d.F.)
| | - Joilson Xavier
- Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil; (V.F.); (F.F.A.); (J.X.)
| | | | | | - Danielle Freitas Henriques
- Seção de Arbovirologia e Febres Hemorrágicas, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Ministério da Saúde, Ananindeua 70058-900, Brazil; (D.F.H.); (D.B.d.A.M.)
| | - Daniele Barbosa de Almeida Medeiros
- Seção de Arbovirologia e Febres Hemorrágicas, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Ministério da Saúde, Ananindeua 70058-900, Brazil; (D.F.H.); (D.B.d.A.M.)
| | - Maria Isabel Maldonado Coelho Guedes
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil; (É.A.C.); (M.I.M.C.G.); (B.S.Á.d.S.S.); (A.S.G.S.)
| | - Beatriz Senra Álvares da Silva Santos
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil; (É.A.C.); (M.I.M.C.G.); (B.S.Á.d.S.S.); (A.S.G.S.)
| | - Aila Solimar Gonçalves Silva
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil; (É.A.C.); (M.I.M.C.G.); (B.S.Á.d.S.S.); (A.S.G.S.)
| | - Renata de Pino Albuquerque Maranhão
- Setor de Clínica de Equinos, Hospital Veterinário, Campus Pampulha, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Escola de Veterinária, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil;
| | - Nieli Rodrigues da Costa Faria
- Laboratório de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil; (M.G.); (F.L.L.C.); (N.R.d.C.F.); (A.M.B.d.F.)
| | | | - Tulio de Oliveira
- KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform (KRISP), School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa;
| | - Karina Ribeiro Leite Jardim Cavalcante
- Coordenacao Geral das Arboviroses, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde/Ministério da Saúde, Brasília 70058-900, Brazil; (K.R.L.J.C.); (N.F.O.d.M.); (A.P.M.R.)
| | - Noely Fabiana Oliveira de Moura
- Coordenacao Geral das Arboviroses, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde/Ministério da Saúde, Brasília 70058-900, Brazil; (K.R.L.J.C.); (N.F.O.d.M.); (A.P.M.R.)
| | - Alessandro Pecego Martins Romano
- Coordenacao Geral das Arboviroses, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde/Ministério da Saúde, Brasília 70058-900, Brazil; (K.R.L.J.C.); (N.F.O.d.M.); (A.P.M.R.)
| | | | - Lauro César Soares Feitosa
- Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, Brazil;
| | - José Joffre Martins Bayeux
- Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Medicina Veterinária, Urbanova, São José Dos Campos, UNIVAP-Universidade Vale do Paraíba, São Paulo 12245-720, Brazil;
| | | | - Osmaikon Lisboa Lobato
- Laboratório de Genética e Conservação de Germoplasma, Campus Prof. Cinobelina Elvas, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Bom Jesus, Piauí 64049-550, Brazil; (O.L.L.); (S.d.C.S.)
| | - Silvokleio da Costa Silva
- Laboratório de Genética e Conservação de Germoplasma, Campus Prof. Cinobelina Elvas, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Bom Jesus, Piauí 64049-550, Brazil; (O.L.L.); (S.d.C.S.)
| | - Ana Maria Bispo de Filippis
- Laboratório de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil; (M.G.); (F.L.L.C.); (N.R.d.C.F.); (A.M.B.d.F.)
| | - Rivaldo Venâncio da Cunha
- Coordenacao dos Laboratorios de Referencia, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil;
| | - José Lourenço
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK;
| | - Luiz Carlos Junior Alcantara
- Laboratório de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil; (M.G.); (F.L.L.C.); (N.R.d.C.F.); (A.M.B.d.F.)
- Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil; (V.F.); (F.F.A.); (J.X.)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Weber MN, Mosena ACS, Baumbach LF, da Silva MS, Canova R, Dos Santos DRL, Budaszewski RDF, de Oliveira LV, Soane MM, Saraiva NB, Bellucco FT, Mazurek BA, Diehl GN, Gil LHVG, Borba MR, Corbellini LG, Canal CW. Serologic evidence of West Nile virus and Saint Louis encephalitis virus in horses from Southern Brazil. Braz J Microbiol 2021; 52:1021-1027. [PMID: 33797731 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-021-00474-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Flaviviruses as West Nile virus (WNV), Saint Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV), Ilhéus virus (ILHV), and Rocio virus (ROCV) are previously reported in different Brazilian regions, but studies in Southern Brazil are still scarce. To improve the information regarding flaviviruses in Southern Brazil, horse serum samples were analyzed using RT-qPCR and a commercial ELISA-Ab against WNV followed by PRNT75. All 1000 samples analyzed by real-time RT-PCR resulted negative. The 465 subsampled samples were analyzed by a commercial ELISA-Ab against WNV, and the 18.5% (86/465) positive samples were further analyzed by PRNT75. In the PRNT75, 13/86 and 2/86 horses were positive for SLEV and WNV, respectively. It was observed that 5.8% (13/226) of the farms presented at least one positive animal for SLEV in PRNT75, whereas 0.9% (2/226) for WNV. Apart from the lower seroprevalences identified when compared to data previously reported in other Brazilian regions, our results suggest that public health professionals must be aware of the presence of these potential zoonotic pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matheus N Weber
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil.
| | - Ana C S Mosena
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Letícia F Baumbach
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Mariana S da Silva
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Raíssa Canova
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Débora R L Dos Santos
- Instituto de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
| | - Renata da F Budaszewski
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Livia V de Oliveira
- Instituto Ageu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Recife, PE, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Gustavo N Diehl
- Secretaria da Agricultura, Pecuária e Desenvolvimento Rural do Rio Grande do Sul (SEAPDR-RS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Laura H V G Gil
- Instituto Ageu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Mauro R Borba
- Laboratório de Epidemiologia Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Luis G Corbellini
- Laboratório de Epidemiologia Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Cláudio W Canal
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Siconelli MJL, Jorge DMDM, Castro-Jorge LAD, Fonseca-Júnior AA, Nascimento ML, Floriano VG, Souza FRD, Queiroz-Júnior EMD, Camargos MF, Costa EDL, Carvalho AAB, Fonseca BALD. Evidence for current circulation of an ancient West Nile virus strain (NY99) in Brazil. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2021; 54:S0037-86822021000100630. [PMID: 33681933 PMCID: PMC8008906 DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0687-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: In Brazil, West Nile virus (WNV) was first detected, in 2018, in horses with neurological disease. AIM: We report the first case of WNV infection in a horse from Ceará state and the complete genome sequence of an isolate from Espírito Santo state. Both infections occurred in 2019. METHODS: WNV was isolated from the tissues of a horse with neurological signs in Espírito Santo and sequenced by MiSeq. RESULTS: Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the isolate belongs to lineage 1a, clustering with the NY99 strain, a strain that has not circulated in the USA since 2005. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings reinforce the hypothesis that WNV has been silently circulating in Brazil for many years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Márcio Junio Lima Siconelli
- Universidade São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - Daniel Macedo de Melo Jorge
- Universidade São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - Luiza Antunes de Castro-Jorge
- Universidade São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - Antônio Augusto Fonseca-Júnior
- Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento, Laboratório Federal de Defesa Agropecuária de Minas Gerais, Pedro Leopoldo, MG, Brasil
| | - Mateus Laguardia Nascimento
- Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento, Laboratório Federal de Defesa Agropecuária de Minas Gerais, Pedro Leopoldo, MG, Brasil
| | - Vitor Gonçalves Floriano
- Universidade São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | | | | | - Marcelo Fernandes Camargos
- Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento, Laboratório Federal de Defesa Agropecuária de Minas Gerais, Pedro Leopoldo, MG, Brasil
| | - Eliana Dea Lara Costa
- Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento, Departamento de Saúde Animal, Brasília, DF, Brasil
| | - Adolorata Aparecida Bianco Carvalho
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Câmara RJF, Bueno BL, Resende CF, Balasuriya UBR, Sakamoto SM, dos Reis JKP. Viral Diseases that Affect Donkeys and Mules. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10122203. [PMID: 33255568 PMCID: PMC7760297 DOI: 10.3390/ani10122203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Donkeys have been neglected and threatened by abandonment, indiscriminate slaughter, and a lack of proper sanitary management. They are often treated as “small horses.” However, donkeys and horses have significant genetic, physiological, and behavioral differences. Specific knowledge about viral infectious diseases that affect donkeys and mules is important to mitigate disease outbreaks. Thus, the purpose of this review is to provide a brief update on viral diseases of donkeys and mules and ways to prevent their spread. Abstract Donkeys (Equus asinus) and mules represent approximately 50% of the entire domestic equine herd in the world and play an essential role in the lives of thousands of people, primarily in developing countries. Despite their importance, donkeys are currently a neglected and threatened species due to abandonment, indiscriminate slaughter, and a lack of proper sanitary management. Specific knowledge about infectious viral diseases that affect this group of Equidae is still limited. In many cases, donkeys and mules are treated like horses, with the physiological differences between these species usually not taken into account. Most infectious diseases that affect the Equidae family are exclusive to the family, and they have a tremendous economic impact on the equine industry. However, some viruses may cross the species barrier and affect humans, representing an imminent risk to public health. Nevertheless, even with such importance, most studies are conducted on horses (Equus caballus), and there is little comparative information on infection in donkeys and mules. Therefore, the objective of this article is to provide a brief update on viruses that affect donkeys and mules, thereby compromising their performance and well-being. These diseases may put them at risk of extinction in some parts of the world due to neglect and the precarious conditions they live in and may ultimately endanger other species’ health and humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Jéssica Falcão Câmara
- Laboratório de Retroviroses, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil; (R.J.F.C.); (B.L.B.); (C.F.R.)
| | - Bruna Lopes Bueno
- Laboratório de Retroviroses, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil; (R.J.F.C.); (B.L.B.); (C.F.R.)
| | - Cláudia Fideles Resende
- Laboratório de Retroviroses, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil; (R.J.F.C.); (B.L.B.); (C.F.R.)
| | - Udeni B. R. Balasuriya
- Louisiana Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory and Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, River Rd, Room 1043, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA;
| | - Sidnei Miyoshi Sakamoto
- Laboratório Multidisciplinar do Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Departamento de Ciências da Saúde (DCS), Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Rio Grande do Norte 59625-900, Brazil;
| | - Jenner Karlisson Pimenta dos Reis
- Laboratório de Retroviroses, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil; (R.J.F.C.); (B.L.B.); (C.F.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-31-3409-2100
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Serological evidence of arboviruses and coccidia infecting horses in the Amazonian region of Brazil. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0225895. [PMID: 31830142 PMCID: PMC6907776 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Arboviruses and protozoans can cause neurologic disorders in horses. In Brazilian Amazon, several horses presenting signs compatible with disorders caused by these infectious agents have been observed. Objective To contribute to the knowledge of this epidemiological picture, we sought to construct a serological diagnostic panel for neurotrophic infectious agents in local horses. Material and methods A total of 213 blood samples from horses were collected from 29 farms in three municipalities. Samples were evaluated and considered positive when they met the following criteria: titers ≥ 1:80 with the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) for apicomplexan protozoans; positive recombinant enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with subsequent titers ≥ 1:10 by the PRNt for viruses; and detection under direct microscopic examination for Trypanosoma evansi. Results No horses were found to be infected by T. evansi, and only two were infected Toxoplasma gondii and/or Neospora spp. The highest protozoan infection rate was observed for Sarcocystis neurona (40.3%; n = 86/213). Among the positive ELISA samples tested by the plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT90), 92% (n = 76/83) were positive for St Louis Encephalitis virus, 43% (n = 6/14) were positive for West Nile virus and 33% (n = 16/48) were positive for Mayaro virus. Eighteen percent (n = 39/213) of horses were co-infected by S. neurona and at least one arbovirus, particularly SLEV and/or MAYV. Conclusion Samples positive for SLEV associated with S. neurona, including samples from horses that had recovered from neurological signs were frequent, and must be considered when investigating the possible causes of neurological diseases in South Roraima horses.
Collapse
|
16
|
de Oliveira AS, Gazolla PAR, Oliveira AFCDS, Pereira WL, de S. Viol LC, Maia AFDS, Santos EG, da Silva ÍEP, Mendes TADO, da Silva AM, Dias RS, da Silva CC, Polêto MD, Teixeira RR, de Paula SO. Discovery of novel West Nile Virus protease inhibitor based on isobenzonafuranone and triazolic derivatives of eugenol and indan-1,3-dione scaffolds. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0223017. [PMID: 31557229 PMCID: PMC6762200 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The West Nile Virus (WNV) NS2B-NS3 protease is an attractive target for the development of therapeutics against this arboviral pathogen. In the present investigation, the screening of a small library of fifty-eight synthetic compounds against the NS2-NB3 protease of WNV is described. The following groups of compounds were evaluated: 3-(2-aryl-2-oxoethyl)isobenzofuran-1(3H)-ones; eugenol derivatives bearing 1,2,3-triazolic functionalities; and indan-1,3-diones with 1,2,3-triazolic functionalities. The most promising of these was a eugenol derivative, namely 4-(3-(4-allyl-2-methoxyphenoxy)-propyl)-1-(2-bromobenzyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazole (35), which inhibited the protease with IC50 of 6.86 μmol L-1. Enzyme kinetic assays showed that this derivative of eugenol presents competitive inhibition behaviour. Molecular docking calculations predicted a recognition pattern involving the residues His51 and Ser135, which are members of the catalytic triad of the WNV NS2B-NS3 protease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- André S. de Oliveira
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Norte de Minas Gerais, Fazenda Biribiri, MG, Brazil
| | - Poliana A. R. Gazolla
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Norte de Minas Gerais, Fazenda Biribiri, MG, Brazil
| | - Ana Flávia C. da S. Oliveira
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Norte de Minas Gerais, Fazenda Biribiri, MG, Brazil
| | - Wagner L. Pereira
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Norte de Minas Gerais, Fazenda Biribiri, MG, Brazil
| | - Lívia C. de S. Viol
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Norte de Minas Gerais, Fazenda Biribiri, MG, Brazil
| | - Angélica F. da S. Maia
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Norte de Minas Gerais, Fazenda Biribiri, MG, Brazil
| | - Edjon G. Santos
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Ítalo E. P. da Silva
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Adalberto M. da Silva
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Catarinense, Araquari, SC, Brazil
| | - Roberto S. Dias
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Cynthia C. da Silva
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Marcelo D. Polêto
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Róbson R. Teixeira
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
- * E-mail: (SOP); (RRT)
| | - Sergio O. de Paula
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
- * E-mail: (SOP); (RRT)
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Barbosa CM, Durigon EL, Thomazelli LM, Ometto T, Marcatti R, Nardi MS, de Aguiar DM, Pinho JB, Petry MV, Neto IS, Serafini P, Rodrigues RC, de Azevedo Junior SM, Góes LGB, de Araujo J. Divergent coronaviruses detected in wild birds in Brazil, including a central park in São Paulo. Braz J Microbiol 2019; 50:547-556. [PMID: 30877663 PMCID: PMC6863219 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-019-00065-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronaviruses are single-stranded positive-sense RNA viruses associated with important avian diseases. Their relatively high rates of mutation and recombination frequencies allow them to adapt to new hosts and ecological niches. Although Brazil has 18% of global avian species diversity, studies regarding the presence of avian viral diseases in wild birds in South America are scarce. In this study, we performed a retrospective analysis of the presence of CoVs in 746 wild birds. Oropharyngeal and cloacal swabs were obtained and placed together in vials containing VTM transport medium collected in different regions of Brazil between 2006 and 2013. Screening for viral nucleic acid was performed using conventional RT-PCR and pancoronavirus nested PCR. Positive samples were characterized by partial sequencing of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) gene, and ensuing phylogenetic analysis was performed to investigate the association between virus epidemiology and bird migration routes. Coronavirus RNA were detected and sequenced from six samples, in which three were related to gammacoronaviruses group and the other three to deltacoronavirus group. Our study documents the presence of CoVs related to avian gamma- and deltacoronaviruses circulating in both urban- and poultry-farm regions of Brazil, implicating wild birds as potential carriers of CoVs which may represent a risk to poultry farms and public health in Brazil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carla M Barbosa
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, 1374 Prof. Lineu Prestes avenue, São Paulo, 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Edison L Durigon
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, 1374 Prof. Lineu Prestes avenue, São Paulo, 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Luciano M Thomazelli
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, 1374 Prof. Lineu Prestes avenue, São Paulo, 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Ometto
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, 1374 Prof. Lineu Prestes avenue, São Paulo, 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Roberta Marcatti
- Wildlife and Green Areas Department, São Paulo Municipality, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Daniel M de Aguiar
- Laboratório de Virologia e Rickettsioses, Hospital Veterinário, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - João Batista Pinho
- Laboratório de Ecologia de Aves, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Maria Virginia Petry
- Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS), São Leopoldo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Isaac Simão Neto
- Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade (ICMBio), Brasília, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Serafini
- Centro Nacional de Pesquisa e Conservação de Aves Silvestres (CEMAVE), Cabedelo, Paraíba, Brazil
| | | | | | - Luiz Gustavo B Góes
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, 1374 Prof. Lineu Prestes avenue, São Paulo, 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Jansen de Araujo
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, 1374 Prof. Lineu Prestes avenue, São Paulo, 05508-900, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Castro-Jorge LAD, Siconelli MJL, Ribeiro BDS, Moraes FMD, Moraes JBD, Agostinho MR, Klein TM, Floriano VG, Fonseca BALD. West Nile virus infections are here! Are we prepared to face another flavivirus epidemic? Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2019; 52:e20190089. [PMID: 30942263 DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0089-2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses), such as chikungunya and Zika viruses, are a major threat to public health in countries like Brazil where biodiversity is high and medical care is sometimes precarious. West Nile fever is a disease caused by the West Nile Virus (WNV), an RNA virus belonging to the Flaviviridae family. It is transmitted by infected mosquitoes to numerous animals like birds, reptiles and mammals, including human and non-human primates. In the last decade, the number of reported cases of WNV infection in humans and animals has increased in the Americas. Circulation of WNV in forests and rural areas in Brazil has been detected based on serological surveys and, in 2014, the first case of West Nile fever was confirmed in a patient from Piauí State. In 2018, the virus was isolated for the first time from a horse from a rural area in the state of Espírito Santo presenting with a neurological disorder; this raises the possibility that other cases of WNV encephalitis may have occurred without clinical recognition and without laboratory diagnosis by specific assays. The imminent WNV outbreak poses a challenge for Brazilian clinicians and researchers. In this review, we summarize the basic biological and ecological characteristics of this virus and the clinical presentation and treatment of febrile illnesses caused by WNV. We also discuss the epidemiological aspects, prophylaxis of WNV infections, and monitoring strategies that could be applied in the possibility of a WNV outbreak in Brazil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luiza Antunes de Castro-Jorge
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - Márcio Junio Lima Siconelli
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - Beatriz Dos Santos Ribeiro
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - Flávia Masson de Moraes
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - Jonathan Ballico de Moraes
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - Mayara Rovariz Agostinho
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - Taline Monteiro Klein
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - Vitor Gonçalves Floriano
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Silva ASG, Matos ACD, da Cunha MACR, Rehfeld IS, Galinari GCF, Marcelino SAC, Saraiva LHG, Martins NRDS, Maranhão RDPA, Lobato ZIP, Pierezan F, Guedes MIMC, Costa EA. West Nile virus associated with equid encephalitis in Brazil, 2018. Transbound Emerg Dis 2018; 66:445-453. [PMID: 30318735 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.13043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mosquito-borne arboviruses are a major public health concern worldwide and are responsible for emerging and re-emerging diseases. Taken together, the arboviruses have a strong impact on public health and are the most common causes of equine encephalitis. In-depth diagnostic investigation of equine viral encephalitis is of utmost importance for the epidemiological surveillance and control of this disease. Regarding neurological disorders in equids, in April-May 2018, at least 12 cases of equid mortality with acute neurological signs were reported in six farms from Espirito Santo state, Brazil. To investigate the aetiological agent of this neurological disease outbreak, central nervous system (CNS) fragments from two horses and two donkeys were submitted for virologic diagnosis. Rabies, equine herpesvirus-1, and arbovirus-associated encephalomyelitis were investigated using differential diagnosis techniques. West Nile virus (WNV) was detected by nested RT-PCR in CNS fragments from each of the four animals in the study and confirmed by nucleotide sequencing. This is the first case of neurological disease in equids confirmed to be associated with WNV infection in Brazil. This finding unveils a new and urgent field of research and the need to understand the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of the disease and the risk to public health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Carolina Diniz Matos
- Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Izabelle Silva Rehfeld
- Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Felipe Pierezan
- Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Erica Azevedo Costa
- Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Unexpected outbreaks of arbovirus infections: lessons learned from the Pacific and tropical America. THE LANCET. INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2018; 18:e355-e361. [PMID: 29934112 DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(18)30269-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Revised: 03/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Pandemic arboviruses have emerged as a major global health problem in the past four decades. Predicting where and when the next arbovirus epidemic will occur is a challenge, but history suggests that arboviral black swan events (epidemics that are difficult to predict and that have an extreme effect) will continue to occur as urban growth and globalisation expand. We briefly review unexpected arbovirus epidemics that have occurred in the past 50 years, with emphasis on the American and Pacific regions, to illustrate their unpredictability, and to highlight the need for improved global preparedness, including laboratory-based surveillance, prevention, and control programmes.
Collapse
|
21
|
Oliveira AFCDS, de Souza APM, de Oliveira AS, da Silva ML, de Oliveira FM, Santos EG, da Silva ÍEP, Ferreira RS, Villela FS, Martins FT, Leal DH, Vaz BG, Teixeira RR, de Paula SO. Zirconium catalyzed synthesis of 2-arylidene Indan-1,3-diones and evaluation of their inhibitory activity against NS2B-NS3 WNV protease. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 149:98-109. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Revised: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
|
22
|
Lack of Detection of Avian Influenza, Newcastle Disease, and West Nile Viruses in Wild Birds of Northeastern Brazil. J Wildl Dis 2017; 54:422-425. [PMID: 29148889 DOI: 10.7589/2017-09-218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We tested 529 wild birds captured in northeastern Brazil for infection by avian influenza, Newcastle disease, and West Nile. Viruses were not detected by real-time PCR with the exception of one Tropical Gnatcatcher ( Polioptila plumbea) positive for influenza virus, but this could not be confirmed by viral isolation or gene sequencing.
Collapse
|
23
|
Vaz FF, Serafini PP, Locatelli-Dittrich R, Meurer R, Durigon EL, de Araújo J, Thomazelli LM, Ometto T, Sipinski EAB, Sezerban RM, Abbud MC, Raso TF. Survey of pathogens in threatened wild red-tailed Amazon parrot (Amazona brasiliensis) nestlings in Rasa Island, Brazil. Braz J Microbiol 2017. [PMID: 28629971 PMCID: PMC5628303 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjm.2017.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The red-tailed Amazon parrot (Amazona brasiliensis) is a threatened species of psittacine bird that inhabit coastal regions of Brazil. In view of the threat of this species, the aim of this study was to perform a health evaluation in wild nestlings in Rasa Island, determining the prevalence of enterobacteria and infectious agents according to type of nest. Blood samples were collected from 64 birds and evaluated for antibodies of Chlamydia psittaci by commercial dot-blot ELISA. Cloacal and oropharyngeal swabs samples were collected from 23 birds from artificial wooden nests, 15 birds from PVC nests and 2 birds from natural nests for microbiological analysis. Swab samples were collected from 58 parrots for C. psittaci detection by PCR and from 50 nestlings for Avian Influenza, Newcastle Disease and West Nile viruses’ detection analysis by real-time RT-PCR. Ten bacterial genera and 17 species were identified, and the most prevalent were Escherichia coli and Klebsiella oxytoca. There was no influence of the type of nest in the nestlings’ microbiota. All samples tested by ELISA and PCR were negative. There is currently insufficient information available about the health of A. brasiliensis and data of this study provide a reference point for future evaluations and aid in conservation plans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Patrícia Pereira Serafini
- National Center for Bird Conservation and Research, Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation, Estação Ecológica de Carijós, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | | | - Rafael Meurer
- National Center for Bird Conservation and Research, Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation, Estação Ecológica de Carijós, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Edison Luiz Durigon
- Department of Microbiology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jansen de Araújo
- Department of Microbiology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Tatiana Ometto
- Department of Microbiology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Maria Cecília Abbud
- Society for Wildlife Research and Environmental Education, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Tânia Freitas Raso
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Lima-Camara TN. Emerging arboviruses and public health challenges in Brazil. Rev Saude Publica 2017; 50:S0034-89102016000100602. [PMID: 27355468 PMCID: PMC4936892 DOI: 10.1590/s1518-8787.2016050006791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental modification by anthropogenic actions, disordered urban growth, globalization of international exchange and climate change are some factors that help the emergence and dissemination of human infectious diseases transmitted by vectors. This review discusses the recent entry of three arboviruses in Brazil: Chikungunya, West Nile, and Zika virus, focusing on the challenges for the Country's public health. The Brazilian population is exposed to infections caused by these three arboviruses widely distributed on the national territory and associated with humans. Without effective vaccine and specific treatment, the maintainance and integration of a continuos entomological and epidemiological surveillance are important so we can set methods to control and prevent these arboviruses in the Country. RESUMO A modificação do ambiente por ações antrópicas, o crescimento urbano desordenado, o processo de globalização do intercâmbio internacional e as mudanças climáticas são alguns fatores que vêm facilitando a emergência e disseminação de doenças infecciosas humanas transmitidas por vetores. Este comentário aborda a recente entrada de três arbovírus no Brasil, Chikungunya (CHIKV), West Nile (WNV) e Zika (ZIKV), com enfoque nos desafios para a Saúde Pública do País. Transmitidos por mosquitos vetores amplamente distribuídos no território nacional e associados ao homem, a população brasileira encontra-se exposta à infecção por esses três arbovírus. Na ausência de vacina eficaz e tratamento específico, são importantes a manutenção e integração de uma vigilância entomológica e epidemiológica contínua, a fim de direcionarmos métodos de controle e prevenção contra essas arboviroses no País.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Nunes Lima-Camara
- Departamento de Epidemiologia. Faculdade de Saúde Pública. Universidade de São Paulo. São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Pinto LB, Ometto T, Araújo J, Thomazelli LM, Seixas MM, Barbosa CM, Ramos DGS, Melo ALT, Pinho JB, Durigon EL, Aguiar DM. Investigation of Influenza A, West Nile and Newcastle Disease Viruses in Birds from the Pantanal Wetlands of Mato Grosso, Brazil. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF POULTRY SCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2015-0111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- LB Pinto
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - T Ometto
- Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - J Araújo
- Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - DGS Ramos
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - ALT Melo
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - JB Pinho
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | | | - DM Aguiar
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Fernandes LN, Paula MBD, Araújo AB, Gonçalves EFB, Romano CM, Natal D, Malafronte RDS, Marrelli MT, Levi JE. Detection of Culex flavivirus and Aedes flavivirus nucleotide sequences in mosquitoes from parks in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. Acta Trop 2016; 157:73-83. [PMID: 26829359 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2016.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Revised: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The dengue viruses are widespread in Brazil and are a major public health concern. Other flaviviruses also cause diseases in humans, although on a smaller scale. The city of São Paulo is in a highly urbanized area with few green spaces apart from its parks, which are used for recreation and where potential vertebrate hosts and mosquito vectors of pathogenic Flavivirus species can be found. Although this scenario can contribute to the transmission of Flavivirus to humans, little is known about the circulation of members of this genus in these areas. In light of this, the present study sought to identify Flavivirus infection in mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) collected in parks in the city of São Paulo. Seven parks in different sectors of the city were selected. Monthly mosquito collections were carried out in each park from March 2011 to February 2012 using aspiration and traps (Shannon and CD C-CO2). Nucleic acids were extracted from the mosquitoes collected and used for reverse-transcriptase and real-time polymerase chain reactions with genus-specific primers targeting a 200-nucleotide region in the Flavivirus NS5 gene. Positive samples were sequenced, and phylogenetic analyses were performed. Culex and Aedes were the most frequent genera of Culicidae collected. Culex flavivirus (CxFV)-related and Aedes flavivirus (AEFV)- related nucleotide sequences were detected in 17 pools of Culex and two pools of Aedes mosquitoes, respectively, among the 818 pools of non-engorged females analyzed. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of CxFV and AEFV in the city of São Paulo and Latin America, respectively. Both viruses are insect- specific flaviviruses, a group known to replicate only in mosquito cells and induce a cytopathic effect in some situations. Hence, our data suggests that CxFV and AEFV are present in Culex and Aedes mosquitoes, respectively, in parks in the city of São Paulo. Even though Flavivirus species of medical importance were not detected, surveillance is recommended in the study areas because of the presence of vertebrates and mosquitoes that could act as amplifying hosts and vectors of flaviviruses, providing the required conditions for circulation of these viruses.
Collapse
|
27
|
Heinen LBDS, Zuchi N, Serra OP, Cardoso BF, Gondim BHF, Dos Santos MAM, Souto FJD, Paula DAJD, Dutra V, Dezengrini-Slhessarenko R. SAINT LOUIS ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS IN MATO GROSSO, CENTRAL-WESTERN BRAZIL. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2016. [PMID: 26200961 PMCID: PMC4544245 DOI: 10.1590/s0036-46652015000300006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The dengue virus (DENV), which is frequently involved in large epidemics, and the yellow fever virus (YFV), which is responsible for sporadic sylvatic outbreaks, are considered the most important flaviviruses circulating in Brazil. Because of that, laboratorial diagnosis of acute undifferentiated febrile illness during epidemic periods is frequently directed towards these viruses, which may eventually hinder the detection of other circulating flaviviruses, including the Saint Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV), which is widely dispersed across the Americas. The aim of this study was to conduct a molecular investigation of 11 flaviviruses using 604 serum samples obtained from patients during a large dengue fever outbreak in the state of Mato Grosso (MT) between 2011 and 2012. Simultaneously, 3,433 female Culex spp. collected with Nasci aspirators in the city of Cuiabá, MT, in 2013, and allocated to 409 pools containing 1-10 mosquitoes, were also tested by multiplex semi-nested reverse transcription PCR for the same flaviviruses. SLEV was detected in three patients co-infected with DENV-4 from the cities of Cuiabá and Várzea Grande. One of them was a triple co-infection with DENV-1. None of them mentioned recent travel or access to sylvatic/rural regions, indicating that transmission might have occurred within the metropolitan area. Regarding mosquito samples, one pool containing one Culex quinquefasciatus female was positive for SLEV, with a minimum infection rate (MIR) of 0.29 per 1000 specimens of this species. Phylogenetic analysis indicates both human and mosquito SLEV cluster, with isolates from genotype V-A obtained from animals in the Amazon region, in the state of Pará. This is the first report of SLEV molecular identification in MT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Letícia Borges da Silva Heinen
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Nayara Zuchi
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Otacília Pereira Serra
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Belgath Fernandes Cardoso
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | | | | | - Francisco José Dutra Souto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Daphine Ariadne Jesus de Paula
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Valéria Dutra
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Renata Dezengrini-Slhessarenko
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Vieira MACES, Aguiar ADAX, Borba ADS, Guimarães HCL, Eulálio KD, de Albuquerque-Neto LL, Salmito MDA, Lima OB. WEST NILE FEVER IN BRAZIL: SPORADIC CASE, SILENT ENDEMIC DISEASE OR EPIDEMIC IN ITS INITIAL STAGES? Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2016. [PMID: 26200972 PMCID: PMC4544256 DOI: 10.1590/s0036-46652015000300017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Kelsen Dantas Eulálio
- Dept. Infectious Diseases, Natan Portella Inst. of Tropical Medicine, Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Kauffman EB, Franke MA, Kramer LD. Detection Protocols for West Nile Virus in Mosquitoes, Birds, and Nonhuman Mammals. Methods Mol Biol 2016; 1435:175-206. [PMID: 27188559 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3670-0_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
West Nile virus is the most widespread mosquito-borne virus in the world, and the most common cause of encephalitis in the USA. Surveillance for this medially important mosquito-borne pathogen is an important part of public health practice. Here we present protocols for testing environmental samples such as mosquitoes, nonvertebrate mammals, and birds for this virus, including RT-PCR, virus isolation in cell culture, and antigenic assays, as well as serologic assays for antibody detection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth B Kauffman
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, 5668 State Farm Road, Slingerlands, NY, 12159, USA.
| | - Mary A Franke
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, 5668 State Farm Road, Slingerlands, NY, 12159, USA
| | - Laura D Kramer
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, 5668 State Farm Road, Slingerlands, NY, 12159, USA.,School of Public Health, State University of New York at Albany, Slingerlands, NY, 12159, USA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Caraballo EV, Hunsperger E, Martínez I. Characterization of Puerto Rican West Nile Virus isolates in mice. Virol J 2015; 12:137. [PMID: 26357867 PMCID: PMC4566862 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-015-0363-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND West Nile virus (WNV) is a neurotropic arbovirus that was first isolated in 1937 in the West Nile District of Uganda. The virus emerged in New York in 1999 and is now endemic in North America (2007). The first virus isolates from Puerto Rico were obtained in 2007 from a chicken (PR20wh) and a mosquito pool (PR423). Our study further characterized these viral isolates using in vitro plaque morphology assays and in vivo using a Balb/c mice pathogenesis model. METHODS AND RESULTS In the in vitro experiments, PR WNV isolates produced significantly smaller plaques in Vero cells compared to the New York 1999 strain (NY99). For the in vivo experiments, PR WNV isolates were propagated in mammalian (Vero) and insect (C6/36) cell lines and then inoculated in Balb/c mice. When WNV was propagated in Vero cells, we observed a trend towards significance in the survival rate with PR20wh compared to NY99 (log rank, p = 0.092). Regardless of whether the viral isolates were propagated in Vero or C6/36 cells, we found a significantly greater survival in mice infected with PR20wh strain, when compared to NY99 (log rank, p = 0.04), while no statistical difference was detected between PR423 and NY99 (p = 0.84). The average survival time (AST) in mice was significantly lower in C6/36-derived PR423 when compared to C6/36-derived NY99 (t-test, p = 0.013), and Vero-derived PR423 (t-test, p < 0.001). Eight days post infection in mice the viral load in brain tissue for Vero-derived PR423 was significantly higher when compared to NY99 and PR20wh. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the PR WNV isolate, PR20wh, is a less pathogenic strain in mice than NY99. Moreover, we found that PR423 is a pathogenic isolate that causes faster mortality than NY99, when propagated in C6/36.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elba V Caraballo
- Department of Microbiology and Medical Zoology, University of Puerto Rico, Room A-355 UPR-Medical Sciences Campus, PO Box 365067, San Juan, 00936-5067, Puerto Rico.
| | - Elizabeth Hunsperger
- Centers for Disease Control, Division of Vector Borne Diseases, Dengue Branch San Juan, San Juan, Puerto Rico.
| | - Idalí Martínez
- Department of Microbiology and Medical Zoology, University of Puerto Rico, Room A-355 UPR-Medical Sciences Campus, PO Box 365067, San Juan, 00936-5067, Puerto Rico.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Vieira MACS, Romano APM, Borba AS, Silva EVP, Chiang JO, Eulálio KD, Azevedo RSS, Rodrigues SG, Almeida-Neto WS, Vasconcelos PFC. West Nile Virus Encephalitis: The First Human Case Recorded in Brazil. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2015; 93:377-9. [PMID: 26055749 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.15-0170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
A Brazilian ranch worker with encephalitis and flaccid paralysis was evaluated in the regional Acute Encephalitis Syndromic Surveillance Program. This was the first Brazilian patient who met the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) confirmation criteria for West Nile virus disease. Owing to the overlapping of neurological manifestations attributable to several viral infections of the central nervous system, this report exemplifies the importance of human acute encephalitis surveillance. The syndromic approach to human encephalitis cases may enable early detection of the introduction of unusual virus or endemic occurrence of potentially alarming diseases within a region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo A C S Vieira
- Natan Portella Institute of Tropical Medicine, Piauí, Brazil; Ministry of Health, Brasília, Brazil; Municipal Health Department, Teresina, Brazil; Evandro Chagas Institute, Ananindeua, Brazil
| | - Alessandro P M Romano
- Natan Portella Institute of Tropical Medicine, Piauí, Brazil; Ministry of Health, Brasília, Brazil; Municipal Health Department, Teresina, Brazil; Evandro Chagas Institute, Ananindeua, Brazil
| | - Amaríles S Borba
- Natan Portella Institute of Tropical Medicine, Piauí, Brazil; Ministry of Health, Brasília, Brazil; Municipal Health Department, Teresina, Brazil; Evandro Chagas Institute, Ananindeua, Brazil
| | - Eliana V P Silva
- Natan Portella Institute of Tropical Medicine, Piauí, Brazil; Ministry of Health, Brasília, Brazil; Municipal Health Department, Teresina, Brazil; Evandro Chagas Institute, Ananindeua, Brazil
| | - Jannifer O Chiang
- Natan Portella Institute of Tropical Medicine, Piauí, Brazil; Ministry of Health, Brasília, Brazil; Municipal Health Department, Teresina, Brazil; Evandro Chagas Institute, Ananindeua, Brazil
| | - Kelsen D Eulálio
- Natan Portella Institute of Tropical Medicine, Piauí, Brazil; Ministry of Health, Brasília, Brazil; Municipal Health Department, Teresina, Brazil; Evandro Chagas Institute, Ananindeua, Brazil
| | - Raimunda S S Azevedo
- Natan Portella Institute of Tropical Medicine, Piauí, Brazil; Ministry of Health, Brasília, Brazil; Municipal Health Department, Teresina, Brazil; Evandro Chagas Institute, Ananindeua, Brazil
| | - Sueli G Rodrigues
- Natan Portella Institute of Tropical Medicine, Piauí, Brazil; Ministry of Health, Brasília, Brazil; Municipal Health Department, Teresina, Brazil; Evandro Chagas Institute, Ananindeua, Brazil
| | - Walfrido S Almeida-Neto
- Natan Portella Institute of Tropical Medicine, Piauí, Brazil; Ministry of Health, Brasília, Brazil; Municipal Health Department, Teresina, Brazil; Evandro Chagas Institute, Ananindeua, Brazil
| | - Pedro F C Vasconcelos
- Natan Portella Institute of Tropical Medicine, Piauí, Brazil; Ministry of Health, Brasília, Brazil; Municipal Health Department, Teresina, Brazil; Evandro Chagas Institute, Ananindeua, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
López RH, Soto SU, Gallego-Gómez JC. Evolutionary relationships of West Nile virus detected in mosquitoes from a migratory bird zone of Colombian Caribbean. Virol J 2015; 12:80. [PMID: 25989901 PMCID: PMC4445300 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-015-0310-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background West Nile virus (WNV) is a member of the genus Flavivirus, and it is transmitted between Culex sp. mosquitoes and avian hosts. Equids and humans are commonly infected with WNV as dead-end hosts, and the signs and symptoms of infection range from mild illness to neurologic symptoms as encephalitis, meningitis and sometimes death. Previous phylogenetic studies have classified WNV into six genetically distinct lineages and provided valuable insight on WNV dispersal patterns within the Americas and its emergence in different geographic areas. In this study, we isolated, sequenced and genetically characterized the NS5 and envelope genes for two WNV strains detected from Northern of Colombia. Herein we describe the evolutionary relationships with representative WNV-strains isolated in a variety of epidemic outbreaks and countries, to define the phylogeographic origin and possible implications in the epidemiology of this emergent virus in Colombia. Findings Fragments of the NS5 and Envelope genes were amplified with RT-PCR and sequenced to obtain 1186-nt and 1504-nt portions, respectively. Our sequences were aligned with 46 sequences from WNV-strains collected in the U.S., Mexico and Argentina for phylogenetic reconstruction using Bayesian methods. Sequence analyses identified unique non-synonymous substitutions in the envelope gene of the WNV strains we detected, and our sequences clustered together with those from the attenuated Texas – 2002 genotype. Conclusions A new strain closely related to attenuated strains collected in Texas during 2002 was identified from Colombia by phylogenetic analysis. This finding may explain the absence of human/equine cases of WNV-encephalitis or severe disease in Colombia and possibly other regions of South America. Follow-up studies are needed in ecosystems used by migratory birds areas and virological/entomological surveillance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard Hoyos López
- Molecular and Translational Medicine Group, Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia. .,Molecular Systematics Research Group, Biosciences School - Sciences Faculty, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Medellín, Colombia.
| | - Sandra Uribe Soto
- Molecular Systematics Research Group, Biosciences School - Sciences Faculty, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Medellín, Colombia.
| | - Juan Carlos Gallego-Gómez
- Molecular and Translational Medicine Group, Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Paz S. Climate change impacts on West Nile virus transmission in a global context. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2015; 370:20130561. [PMID: 25688020 PMCID: PMC4342965 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2013.0561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
West Nile virus (WNV), the most widely distributed virus of the encephalitic flaviviruses, is a vector-borne pathogen of global importance. The transmission cycle exists in rural and urban areas where the virus infects birds, humans, horses and other mammals. Multiple factors impact the transmission and distribution of WNV, related to the dynamics and interactions between pathogen, vector, vertebrate hosts and environment. Hence, among other drivers, weather conditions have direct and indirect influences on vector competence (the ability to acquire, maintain and transmit the virus), on the vector population dynamic and on the virus replication rate within the mosquito, which are mostly weather dependent. The importance of climatic factors (temperature, precipitation, relative humidity and winds) as drivers in WNV epidemiology is increasing under conditions of climate change. Indeed, recent changes in climatic conditions, particularly increased ambient temperature and fluctuations in rainfall amounts, contributed to the maintenance (endemization process) of WNV in various locations in southern Europe, western Asia, the eastern Mediterranean, the Canadian Prairies, parts of the USA and Australia. As predictions show that the current trends are expected to continue, for better preparedness, any assessment of future transmission of WNV should take into consideration the impacts of climate change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shlomit Paz
- Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, University of Haifa, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
The global ecology and epidemiology of West Nile virus. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:376230. [PMID: 25866777 PMCID: PMC4383390 DOI: 10.1155/2015/376230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 316] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 08/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Since its initial isolation in Uganda in 1937 through the present, West Nile virus (WNV) has become an important cause of human and animal disease worldwide. WNV, an enveloped virus of the genus Flavivirus, is naturally maintained in an enzootic cycle between birds and mosquitoes, with occasional epizootic spillover causing disease in humans and horses. The mosquito vectors for WNV are widely distributed worldwide, and the known geographic range of WNV transmission and disease has continued to increase over the past 77 years. While most human infections with WNV are asymptomatic, severe neurological disease may develop resulting in long-term sequelae or death. Surveillance and preventive measures are an ongoing need to reduce the public health impact of WNV in areas with the potential for transmission.
Collapse
|
35
|
de Araujo J, Duré AIL, Negrão R, Ometto T, Thomazelli LM, Durigon EL. Co-circulation in a single biome of the Juquitiba and Araraquara hantavirus detected in human sera in a sub-tropical region of Brazil. J Med Virol 2015; 87:725-32. [PMID: 25678450 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.24118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Hantaviruses is an emerging infectious disease. Although HCPS has been reported in several regions of Brazil, more cases of HCPS have recently been reported in Minas Gerais than in any other state. In 2009, we analyzed 27 samples presenting antibodies against hantaviruses. These samples originated from 688 symptomatic patients, as determined based on the Hemorrhagic Fever Protocol. A subsequent SYBR Green-based real-time RT-PCR demonstrated the presence of the virus in 22 of the samples. Among the RT-PCR-positive samples, 17 were analyzed using DNA sequencing; these sequences were compared with others deposited in GenBank and showed similarity with the Araraquara and Juquitiba virus clusters. This work describe the detection of Juquitiba virus, including three fatal cases, in Minas Gerais state, furthermore, showed that it is feasible to characterize the circulating strains using a small fragment of S segment. Finally, the results suggest the co-circulation of Araraquara and Juquitiba virus in a single biome in Minas Gerais state.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jansen de Araujo
- BSL3+ Clinical and Molecular Virology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Cruz LCDTAD, Serra OP, Leal-Santos FA, Ribeiro ALM, Slhessarenko RD, Santos MAD. Natural transovarial transmission of dengue virus 4 in Aedes aegypti from Cuiabá, State of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2015; 48:18-25. [DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0264-2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
|
37
|
Degener CM, Ázara TMFD, Roque RA, Codeço CT, Nobre AA, Ohly JJ, Geier M, Eiras ÁE. Temporal abundance of Aedes aegypti in Manaus, Brazil, measured by two trap types for adult mosquitoes. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2014; 109:1030-40. [PMID: 25494470 PMCID: PMC4325619 DOI: 10.1590/0074-0276140234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A longitudinal study was conducted in Manaus, Brazil, to monitor changes of
adult Aedes aegypti (L.) abundance. The objectives were to
compare mosquito collections of two trap types, to characterise temporal changes of
the mosquito population, to investigate the influence of meteorological variables on
mosquito collections and to analyse the association between mosquito collections and
dengue incidence. Mosquito monitoring was performed fortnightly using MosquiTRAPs
(MQT) and BG-Sentinel (BGS) traps between December 2008-June 2010. The two traps
revealed opposing temporal infestation patterns, with highest mosquito collections of
MQTs during the dry season and highest collections of BGS during the rainy seasons.
Several meteorological variables were significant predictors of mosquito collections
in the BGS. The best predictor was the relative humidity, lagged two weeks (in a
positive relationship). For MQT, only the number of rainy days in the previous week
was significant (in a negative relationship). The correlation between monthly dengue
incidence and mosquito abundance in BGS and MQT was moderately positive and negative,
respectively. Catches of BGS traps reflected better the dynamic of dengue incidence.
The findings help to understand the effects of meteorological variables on mosquito
infestation indices of two different traps for adult dengue vectors in Manaus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Marlen Degener
- Laboratório de Ecologia Química de Vetores, Departamento de Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Tatiana Mingote Ferreira de Ázara
- Laboratório de Ecologia Química de Vetores, Departamento de Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | | | | | | | - Jörg Johannes Ohly
- Centro de Estudos dos Trópicos Úmidos, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, AM, Brasil
| | | | - Álvaro Eduardo Eiras
- Laboratório de Ecologia Química de Vetores, Departamento de Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Pauvolid-Corrêa A, Campos Z, Juliano R, Velez J, Nogueira RMR, Komar N. Serological evidence of widespread circulation of West Nile virus and other flaviviruses in equines of the Pantanal, Brazil. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2014; 8:e2706. [PMID: 24551266 PMCID: PMC3923745 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2013] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A recent study reported neutralizing antibodies to West Nile virus (WNV) in horses from four ranches of southern Pantanal. To extend that study, a serosurvey for WNV and 11 Brazilian flaviviruses was conducted with 760 equines, 238 sheep and 61 caimans from 17 local cattle ranches. Among the tested equines, 32 were collected from a ranch where a neurologic disorder outbreak had been recently reported. The sera were initially screened by using a blocking ELISA and then titrated by 90% plaque-reduction neutralization test (PRNT90) for 12 flaviviruses. Employing the criterion of 4-fold greater titer, 78 (10.3%) equines were seropositive for Ilheus virus, 59 (7.8%) for Saint Louis encephalitis virus, 24 (3.2%) for WNV, two (0.3%) for Cacipacore virus and one (0.1%) for Rocio virus. No serological evidence was found linking the neurological disease that affected local equines to WNV. All caimans and sheep were negative by blocking ELISA for flaviviruses. There were no seropositive equines for Bussuquara, Iguape, Yellow fever and all four Dengue virus serotypes. The detection of WNV-seropositive equines in ten ranches and ILHV and SLEV-seropositive equines in fourteen ranches of two different sub-regions of Pantanal is strong evidence of widespread circulation of these flaviviruses in the region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alex Pauvolid-Corrêa
- Laboratório de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Ministério da Saúde, Pavilhão Helio e Peggy Pereira, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Arbovirus Diseases Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
- Fulbright Visiting Researcher in Doctorate Sandwich Program at Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Zilca Campos
- Embrapa Pantanal, Ministério da Agricultura Pecuária e Abastecimento, Corumbá, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Raquel Juliano
- Embrapa Pantanal, Ministério da Agricultura Pecuária e Abastecimento, Corumbá, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Jason Velez
- Arbovirus Diseases Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Rita Maria Ribeiro Nogueira
- Laboratório de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Ministério da Saúde, Pavilhão Helio e Peggy Pereira, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Nicholas Komar
- Arbovirus Diseases Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|