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Yapryntseva MA, Zhivotovsky B, Gogvadze V. Permeabilization of the outer mitochondrial membrane: Mechanisms and consequences. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167317. [PMID: 38909847 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Permeabilization of the outer mitochondrial membrane is а physiological process that can allow certain molecules to pass through it, such as low molecular weight solutes required for cellular respiration. This process is also important for the development of various modes of cell death. Depending on the severity of this process, cells can die by autophagy, apoptosis, or necrosis/necroptosis. Distinct types of pores can be opened at the outer mitochondrial membrane depending on physiological or pathological stimuli, and different mechanisms can be activated in order to open these pores. In this comprehensive review, all these types of permeabilization, the mechanisms of their activation, and their role in various diseases are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A Yapryntseva
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, RAS, 119991 Moscow, Russia; Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119192 Moscow, Russia
| | - Boris Zhivotovsky
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, RAS, 119991 Moscow, Russia; Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119192 Moscow, Russia; Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Vladimir Gogvadze
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119192 Moscow, Russia; Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
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2
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Deng R, Liu Y, Wu X, Zhao N, Deng J, Pan T, Cao L, Zhan F, Qiao X. Probing the interaction of hesperidin showing antiproliferative activity in colorectal cancer cells and human hemoglobin. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 281:136078. [PMID: 39341316 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.136078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2024] [Revised: 09/25/2024] [Accepted: 09/25/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
Hesperidin, a flavanone glycoside abundant in citrus is known to possess anti-carcinogenic properties. However, its main interaction with cancer cells and blood proteins is not well-studied yet. Here we have explored the interactions of hesperidin with human colorectal cancer cells, HCT116, and human hemoglobin (HHb) with several experimental and theoretical studies. Cellular assays showed that hesperidin interacted with colorectal cancer cells and induced membrane damage, colony formation inhibition, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, Bax/Bcl-2, caspase-9, and caspase-3 upregulation, and cytochrome c release determined by cellular, qPCR and ELISA assays. The interaction of the hesperidin with HHb indicated the formation of a static complex mainly with the assistance of hydrogen bonds which lead to partial folding of protein determined by spectroscopy, molecular docking, and molecular dynamic studies. In conclusion, these findings show that hesperidin with potential binding affinity with a plasma protein model can also show promising anticancer activities against colorectal cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiming Deng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Yanfang Liu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, Yunnan, China; Yunnan University, Kunming 650504, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiangyu Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Huaian Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huaian 223002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ning Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Jinhai Deng
- Richard Dimbleby Department of Cancer Research, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Kings College London, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
| | - Teng Pan
- Longgang District Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital of Shenzhen City (Longgang Maternity and Child Institute of Shantou University Medical College), Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Lulu Cao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital and Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis (BZ0135), Beijing 100044, China
| | - Fangbiao Zhan
- Department of Orthopedics, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing University, School of Medicine, Chongqing 404000, China
| | - Xiao Qiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Huaian Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huaian 223002, Jiangsu, China.
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3
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Nakayama S, Yoda E, Yamashita S, Takamatsu Y, Suzuki Y, Kondo Y, Hara S. Knockdown of iPLA 2γ enhances cisplatin-induced apoptosis by increasing ROS-dependent peroxidation of mitochondrial phospholipids in bladder cancer cells. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 220:301-311. [PMID: 38734266 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Cisplatin (CDDP) is a platinum-based drug with anti-cancer activity and is widely used as a standard therapy for bladder cancer. It is well known that CDDP causes cell death by increasing the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation, but the mechanism of its anti-cancer effects has not been fully elucidated. There are still some problems such as chemoresistance in CDDP therapy. In the present study, we found the expression of Ca2+-independent phospholipase A2γ (iPLA2γ), which has been reported to regulate cellular redox homeostasis by inhibiting lipid peroxide accumulation, in human bladder cancer tissues. Thus, we investigated the effect of iPLA2γ knockdown on CDDP-induced bladder cancer cell death. As a result, we found that iPLA2γ knockdown significantly enhanced CDDP-induced apoptosis, intracellular and mitochondrial ROS production, cytochrome c release and caspase activation in bladder cancer cells. Moreover, mitochondrial membrane potential was decreased and peroxidation of mitochondrial phospholipids was increased by iPLA2γ knockdown. It was also shown that co-treatment of bromoenol lactone, an iPLA2 inhibitor, increased CDDP-induced apoptosis. These results indicated that iPLA2γ plays an important role in protecting bladder cancer cells from CDDP-induced apoptosis, and that iPLA2γ inhibitors might represent a novel strategy in CDDP-based multi-drug therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoko Nakayama
- Department of Urology, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8602, Japan
| | - Emiko Yoda
- Division of Health Chemistry, Department of Healthcare and Regulatory Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Saki Yamashita
- Division of Health Chemistry, Department of Healthcare and Regulatory Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Yuka Takamatsu
- Division of Health Chemistry, Department of Healthcare and Regulatory Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Yasutomo Suzuki
- Department of Urology, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8602, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Kondo
- Department of Urology, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8602, Japan
| | - Shuntaro Hara
- Division of Health Chemistry, Department of Healthcare and Regulatory Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan.
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4
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Dalda Y, Akbulut S, Sahin TT, Tuncer A, Ogut Z, Satilmis B, Dalda O, Gul M, Yilmaz S. The Effect of Pringle Maneuver Applied during Living Donor Hepatectomy on the Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Observed in the Donors and Recipients. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:649. [PMID: 38674295 PMCID: PMC11051728 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60040649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical and laboratory changes of ischemia and reperfusion injury in the remnant livers of donors with and without Pringle maneuver. Furthermore, we evaluated the recipients who have been transplanted with liver grafts from these donors. Methods and Materials: A total of 108 patients (54 living liver donors and 54 liver recipients) who underwent donor hepatectomy and recipients who living donor liver transplantation, were included in this randomized double-blind study between February 2021 and June 2021. The donors were divided into two groups: Pringle maneuver applied (n = 27) and Pringle maneuver not applied (n = 27). Similarly, recipients with implanted liver obtained from these donors were divided into two groups as the Pringle maneuver was performed (n = 27) and not performed (n = 27). Blood samples from donors and recipients were obtained on pre-operative, post-operative 0 h day (day of surgery), post-operative 1st day, post-operative 2nd day, post-operative 3rd day, post-operative 4th day, post-operative 5th day, and liver tissue was taken from the graft during the back table procedures. Liver function tests and complete blood count, coagulation tests, IL-1, IL-2, IL-6, TNF-α, and β-galactosidase measurements, and histopathological findings were examined. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in the parameters of biochemical analyses for ischemia-reperfusion injury at all periods in the donors with and without the Pringle maneuver. Similarly, there was no statistically significant difference between in the recipients in who received liver grafts harvested with and without the Pringle maneuver. There was no statistically significant difference between the two recipient groups in terms of perioperative bleeding and early bile duct complications (p = 0.685). In the histopathological examinations, hepatocyte damage was significantly higher in the Pringle maneuver group (p = 0.001). Conclusions: Although the histological scoring of hepatocyte damage was found to be higher in the Pringle maneuver group, the Pringle maneuver did not augment ischemia-reperfusion injury in donors and recipients that was evaluated by clinical and laboratory analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasin Dalda
- Department of Surgery and Liver Transplant Institute, Inonu University Faculty of Medicine, 44280 Malatya, Turkey; (Y.D.); (T.T.S.); (A.T.); (S.Y.)
| | - Sami Akbulut
- Department of Surgery and Liver Transplant Institute, Inonu University Faculty of Medicine, 44280 Malatya, Turkey; (Y.D.); (T.T.S.); (A.T.); (S.Y.)
| | - Tevfik Tolga Sahin
- Department of Surgery and Liver Transplant Institute, Inonu University Faculty of Medicine, 44280 Malatya, Turkey; (Y.D.); (T.T.S.); (A.T.); (S.Y.)
| | - Adem Tuncer
- Department of Surgery and Liver Transplant Institute, Inonu University Faculty of Medicine, 44280 Malatya, Turkey; (Y.D.); (T.T.S.); (A.T.); (S.Y.)
| | - Zeki Ogut
- Department of Surgery and Liver Transplant Institute, Inonu University Faculty of Medicine, 44280 Malatya, Turkey; (Y.D.); (T.T.S.); (A.T.); (S.Y.)
| | - Basri Satilmis
- Department of Biochemistry, Inonu University Faculty of Pharmacy, 44280 Malatya, Turkey;
| | - Ozlem Dalda
- Department of Pathology, Inonu University Faculty of Medicne, 44280 Malatya, Turkey;
| | - Mehmet Gul
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Inonu University Faculty of Medicne, 44280 Malatya, Turkey;
| | - Sezai Yilmaz
- Department of Surgery and Liver Transplant Institute, Inonu University Faculty of Medicine, 44280 Malatya, Turkey; (Y.D.); (T.T.S.); (A.T.); (S.Y.)
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Cigalotto L, Martinvalet D. Granzymes in health and diseases: the good, the bad and the ugly. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1371743. [PMID: 38646541 PMCID: PMC11026543 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1371743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Granzymes are a family of serine proteases, composed of five human members: GA, B, H, M and K. They were first discovered in the 1980s within cytotoxic granules released during NK cell- and T cell-mediated killing. Through their various proteolytic activities, granzymes can trigger different pathways within cells, all of which ultimately lead to the same result, cell death. Over the years, the initial consideration of granzymes as mere cytotoxic mediators has changed due to surprising findings demonstrating their expression in cells other than immune effectors as well as new intracellular and extracellular activities. Additional roles have been identified in the extracellular milieu, following granzyme escape from the immunological synapse or their release by specific cell types. Outside the cell, granzyme activities mediate extracellular matrix alteration via the degradation of matrix proteins or surface receptors. In certain contexts, these processes are essential for tissue homeostasis; in others, excessive matrix degradation and extensive cell death contribute to the onset of chronic diseases, inflammation, and autoimmunity. Here, we provide an overview of both the physiological and pathological roles of granzymes, highlighting their utility while also recognizing how their unregulated presence can trigger the development and/or worsening of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lavinia Cigalotto
- Laboratory of Reactive Oxygen Species and Cytotoxic Immunity, Department Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Veneto Institute Of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Padova, Italy
| | - Denis Martinvalet
- Laboratory of Reactive Oxygen Species and Cytotoxic Immunity, Department Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Veneto Institute Of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Padova, Italy
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6
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Headley CA, Gautam S, Olmo‐Fontanez A, Garcia‐Vilanova A, Dwivedi V, Akhter A, Schami A, Chiem K, Ault R, Zhang H, Cai H, Whigham A, Delgado J, Hicks A, Tsao PS, Gelfond J, Martinez‐Sobrido L, Wang Y, Torrelles JB, Turner J. Extracellular Delivery of Functional Mitochondria Rescues the Dysfunction of CD4 + T Cells in Aging. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2303664. [PMID: 37990641 PMCID: PMC10837346 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202303664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction alters cellular metabolism, increases tissue oxidative stress, and may be principal to the dysregulated signaling and function of CD4+ T lymphocytes in the elderly. In this proof of principle study, it is investigated whether the transfer of functional mitochondria into CD4+ T cells that are isolated from old mice (aged CD4+ T cells), can abrogate aging-associated mitochondrial dysfunction, and improve the aged CD4+ T cell functionality. The results show that the delivery of exogenous mitochondria to aged non-activated CD4+ T cells led to significant mitochondrial proteome alterations highlighted by improved aerobic metabolism and decreased cellular mitoROS. Additionally, mito-transferred aged CD4+ T cells showed improvements in activation-induced TCR-signaling kinetics displaying markers of activation (CD25), increased IL-2 production, enhanced proliferation ex vivo. Importantly, immune deficient mouse models (RAG-KO) showed that adoptive transfer of mito-transferred naive aged CD4+ T cells, protected recipient mice from influenza A and Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections. These findings support mitochondria as targets of therapeutic intervention in aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colwyn A. Headley
- Host‐Pathogen Interactions ProgramTexas Biomedical Research InstituteSan AntonioTexas78227USA
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate ProgramThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhio43201USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular InstituteStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCA94305USA
| | - Shalini Gautam
- Host‐Pathogen Interactions ProgramTexas Biomedical Research InstituteSan AntonioTexas78227USA
| | | | | | - Varun Dwivedi
- Host‐Pathogen Interactions ProgramTexas Biomedical Research InstituteSan AntonioTexas78227USA
| | - Anwari Akhter
- Population Health ProgramTexas Biomedical Research InstituteSan AntonioTexas78227USA
| | - Alyssa Schami
- Population Health ProgramTexas Biomedical Research InstituteSan AntonioTexas78227USA
| | - Kevin Chiem
- Disease Intervention & Prevention ProgramTexas Biomedical Research InstituteSan AntonioTexas78227USA
| | - Russell Ault
- Host‐Pathogen Interactions ProgramTexas Biomedical Research InstituteSan AntonioTexas78227USA
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate ProgramThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhio43201USA
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and ImmunologySouth Texas Center for Emerging Infectious DiseasesThe University of Texas at San AntonioSan AntonioTX78249USA
| | - Hong Cai
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and ImmunologySouth Texas Center for Emerging Infectious DiseasesThe University of Texas at San AntonioSan AntonioTX78249USA
| | - Alison Whigham
- Host‐Pathogen Interactions ProgramTexas Biomedical Research InstituteSan AntonioTexas78227USA
| | - Jennifer Delgado
- Host‐Pathogen Interactions ProgramTexas Biomedical Research InstituteSan AntonioTexas78227USA
| | - Amberlee Hicks
- Host‐Pathogen Interactions ProgramTexas Biomedical Research InstituteSan AntonioTexas78227USA
| | - Philip S. Tsao
- Stanford Cardiovascular InstituteStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCA94305USA
| | - Jonathan Gelfond
- UT‐Health San AntonioDepartment of Epidemiology & BiostatisticsSan AntonioTexas78229USA
| | - Luis Martinez‐Sobrido
- Disease Intervention & Prevention ProgramTexas Biomedical Research InstituteSan AntonioTexas78227USA
| | - Yufeng Wang
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and ImmunologySouth Texas Center for Emerging Infectious DiseasesThe University of Texas at San AntonioSan AntonioTX78249USA
| | - Jordi B. Torrelles
- Population Health ProgramTexas Biomedical Research InstituteSan AntonioTexas78227USA
| | - Joanne Turner
- Host‐Pathogen Interactions ProgramTexas Biomedical Research InstituteSan AntonioTexas78227USA
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7
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Guhathakurta S, Erdogdu NU, Hoffmann JJ, Grzadzielewska I, Schendzielorz A, Seyfferth J, Mårtensson CU, Corrado M, Karoutas A, Warscheid B, Pfanner N, Becker T, Akhtar A. COX17 acetylation via MOF-KANSL complex promotes mitochondrial integrity and function. Nat Metab 2023; 5:1931-1952. [PMID: 37813994 PMCID: PMC10663164 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-023-00904-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Reversible acetylation of mitochondrial proteins is a regulatory mechanism central to adaptive metabolic responses. Yet, how such functionally relevant protein acetylation is achieved remains unexplored. Here we reveal an unprecedented role of the MYST family lysine acetyltransferase MOF in energy metabolism via mitochondrial protein acetylation. Loss of MOF-KANSL complex members leads to mitochondrial defects including fragmentation, reduced cristae density and impaired mitochondrial electron transport chain complex IV integrity in primary mouse embryonic fibroblasts. We demonstrate COX17, a complex IV assembly factor, as a bona fide acetylation target of MOF. Loss of COX17 or expression of its non-acetylatable mutant phenocopies the mitochondrial defects observed upon MOF depletion. The acetylation-mimetic COX17 rescues these defects and maintains complex IV activity even in the absence of MOF, suggesting an activatory role of mitochondrial electron transport chain protein acetylation. Fibroblasts from patients with MOF syndrome who have intellectual disability also revealed respiratory defects that could be restored by alternative oxidase, acetylation-mimetic COX17 or mitochondrially targeted MOF. Overall, our findings highlight the critical role of MOF-KANSL complex in mitochondrial physiology and provide new insights into MOF syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukanya Guhathakurta
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Niyazi Umut Erdogdu
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Juliane J Hoffmann
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Iga Grzadzielewska
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Janine Seyfferth
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christoph U Mårtensson
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Mauro Corrado
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Adam Karoutas
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bettina Warscheid
- Institute of Biology II, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Signaling Research Centers BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Theodor Boveri-Institute, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Nikolaus Pfanner
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Signaling Research Centers BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Becker
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Asifa Akhtar
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany.
- Signaling Research Centers BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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Pal G, Mishra HP, Suvvari TK, Tanwar A, Ghosh T, Verma P, Pal A, Patial K, Mahapatra C, Amanullah NA, Shukoor SA, Kamal S, Rohil V. Oxidative Stress in Wistar Rats Under Acute Restraint Stress and Its Modulation by Antioxidants and Nitric Oxide Modulators. Cureus 2023; 15:e43333. [PMID: 37701013 PMCID: PMC10493075 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.43333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several pathogenic conditions leading to morbidity, including cancer, aging, diabetes, reperfusion injury, cardiovascular disease, and neurological disorders, are known to be exacerbated by oxidative stress. Antioxidant therapy is effective in the treatment of such disorders and appears to be a potential therapeutic technique to reduce oxidative stress. The aim of our study is to investigate the antioxidant effects of L-ascorbic acid and nitric oxide (NO) modulators on rats suffering from oxidative stress induced by acute restraint stress (RSx1). METHODOLOGY In this in vivo study, Wistar rats were subjected to one hour of restraint stress on day 21 to induce oxidative stress. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), catalase, glutathione (GSH), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were used to assess the antioxidant effects. IBM Corp. Released 2013. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 22.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp. was used for data analysis. RESULTS Compared to vehicle groups, acute restraint stress (RSx1) dramatically increased MDA levels while decreasing GSH, SOD, total antioxidant capacity, and catalase. L-NAME, 7-NI, AG (50 mg/kg each), and L-ascorbic acid (200 mg/kg) reversed the changes in SOD, MDA, GSH, total antioxidant capacity, and catalase levels. The NO precursor L-arginine (1000 mg/kg) and NO synthase inhibitors followed the same trend. CONCLUSION Our study findings highlight the complex role of antioxidants and NO modulators in the pathogenesis of diseases, as evidenced by the reversal of oxidative stress indicators. Antioxidant therapy, with its potential to mitigate oxidative stress, emerges as a viable treatment option for a range of pathological conditions associated with oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giridhari Pal
- Pharmacology, Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute, University of Delhi, Delhi, IND
| | - Hara Prasad Mishra
- Clinical Trial, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi, IND
- Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College of Medical Sciences, University of Delhi, Delhi, IND
| | - Tarun Kumar Suvvari
- Medicine and Surgery, Squad Medicine and Research (SMR), Visakhapatnam, IND
- General Medicine, Rangaraya Medical College, Kakinada, IND
| | - Anshul Tanwar
- Pharmacology, Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute, University of Delhi, Delhi, IND
| | - Tamoghna Ghosh
- Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi, IND
| | - Pankaj Verma
- Pharmacology, Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute, University of Delhi, Delhi, IND
| | - Abhilasha Pal
- Zoology, Miranda House, University of Delhi, Delhi, IND
| | - Kuldeep Patial
- Sleep Medicine Division, Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute, University of Delhi, Delhi, IND
| | | | - Nidhal A Amanullah
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Sree Ramakrishna Mission Hospital, Thiruvananthapuram, IND
| | - Sara A Shukoor
- Psychiatry, Government Medical College Trivandrum, Trivandrum, IND
| | - Sibin Kamal
- Pain and Palliative Medicine, IQRAA International Hospital & Research Centre, Kandhla, IND
| | - Vishwajeet Rohil
- Biochemistry, Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute, University of Delhi, Delhi, IND
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9
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Yin R, Zhang Y, Su L, Chen D, Lou S, Luo X, Wang L, Tang R, Zhang L, Tian X. The mechanism of trans-δ-viniferin inhibiting the proliferation of lung cancer cells A549 by targeting the mitochondria. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1190127. [PMID: 37274109 PMCID: PMC10232840 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1190127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Trans-δ-viniferin (TVN), as a natural extract, is a resveratrol dimer with attractive biological activities, particularly its anti-tumor character. However, the mechanism of TVN interfering with cancerous proliferation has not been fully understood. Herein in this study, we found that TVN could trigger cancerous mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) reduction, with intracellular reactive oxidative species (ROS) level increasing, leading to apoptosis, which makes TVN a promising candidate for lung cancer cells A549 treatment. Therefore, this study provides TVN as an option to meet the demand for higher antitumor availability with lower biotoxicity and other clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruochun Yin
- School of Life Science, Anhui University, Hefei, China
- Hefei Ting Xiandu Biological Technology Co, Ltd., Hefei, China
| | - Yiling Zhang
- School of Life Science, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Liping Su
- School of Life Science, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Dongdong Chen
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Shidi Lou
- School of Life Science, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Xuecai Luo
- Hefei Ting Xiandu Biological Technology Co, Ltd., Hefei, China
| | - Lin Wang
- School of Life Science, Anhui University, Hefei, China
- Hefei Ting Xiandu Biological Technology Co, Ltd., Hefei, China
| | - Rupei Tang
- School of Life Science, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- School of Life Science, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaohe Tian
- School of Life Science, Anhui University, Hefei, China
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10
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Xue Y, Gan B, Zhou Y, Wang T, Zhu T, Peng X, Zhang X, Zhou Y. Advances in the Mechanistic Study of the Control of Oxidative Stress Injury by Modulating HDAC6 Activity. Cell Biochem Biophys 2023; 81:127-139. [PMID: 36749475 PMCID: PMC9925596 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-022-01125-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is defined as an injury resulting from a disturbance in the dynamic equilibrium of the redox environment due to the overproduction of active/radical oxygen exceeding the antioxidative ability of the body. This is a key step in the development of various diseases. Oxidative stress is modulated by different factors and events, including the modification of histones, which are the cores of nucleosomes. Histone modification includes acetylation and deacetylation of certain amino acid residues; this process is catalyzed by different enzymes. Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) is a unique deacetylating protease that also catalyzes the deacetylation of different nonhistone substrates to regulate various physiologic processes. The intimate relationship between HDAC6 and oxidative stress has been demonstrated by different studies. The present paper aims to summarize the data obtained from a mechanistic study of HDAC6 and oxidative stress to guide further investigations on mechanistic characterization and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanye Xue
- grid.410560.60000 0004 1760 3078Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808 China
| | - Bing Gan
- grid.410560.60000 0004 1760 3078The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Fo Shan, 528000 Guangdong China
| | - Yanxing Zhou
- grid.410560.60000 0004 1760 3078School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808 China
| | - Tingyu Wang
- grid.410560.60000 0004 1760 3078Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808 China
| | - Tong Zhu
- grid.410560.60000 0004 1760 3078Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808 China
| | - Xinsheng Peng
- Biomedical Innovation Center, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China. .,Institute of Marine Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China.
| | - Xiangning Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China.
| | - Yanfang Zhou
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China.
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11
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Wu Y, Pi D, Zhou S, Wang W, Ye H, Yi Z, Chen Y, Ouyang M. Yiqi Chutan Formula Reverses Cisplatin-Induced Apoptosis and Ferroptosis of Skeletal Muscle by Alleviating Oxidative Stress. Integr Cancer Ther 2023; 22:15347354231172117. [PMID: 37132527 PMCID: PMC10161340 DOI: 10.1177/15347354231172117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cisplatin is a widely used anticancer drug in clinic, but it has a damaging effect on skeletal muscle cells. Clinical observation showed that Yiqi Chutan formula (YCF) had a alleviating effect on cisplatin toxicity. METHODS In vitro cell model and in vivo animal model were used to observe the damage effect of cisplatin on skeletal muscle cells and verify that YCF reversed cisplatin induced skeletal muscle damage. The levels of oxidative stress, apoptosis and ferroptosis were measured in each group. RESULTS Both in vitro and in vivo studies have confirmed that cisplatin increases the level of oxidative stress in skeletal muscle cells, thus inducing cell apoptosis and ferroptosis. YCF treatment can effectively reverse cisplatin induced oxidative stress in skeletal muscle cells, thereby alleviating cell apoptosis and ferroptosis, and ultimately protecting skeletal muscle. CONCLUSIONS YCF reversed cisplatin-induced apoptosis and ferroptosis of skeletal muscle by alleviating oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingchao Wu
- Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Dajin Pi
- Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuyao Zhou
- Guangdong Hanchao Traditional Chinese Medicine Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wuhong Wang
- Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Huan Ye
- Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhongjia Yi
- Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yiliu Chen
- Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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12
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Batty M, Bennett MR, Yu E. The Role of Oxidative Stress in Atherosclerosis. Cells 2022; 11:3843. [PMID: 36497101 PMCID: PMC9735601 DOI: 10.3390/cells11233843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the vascular system and is the leading cause of cardiovascular diseases worldwide. Excessive generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) leads to a state of oxidative stress which is a major risk factor for the development and progression of atherosclerosis. ROS are important for maintaining vascular health through their potent signalling properties. However, ROS also activate pro-atherogenic processes such as inflammation, endothelial dysfunction and altered lipid metabolism. As such, considerable efforts have been made to identify and characterise sources of oxidative stress in blood vessels. Major enzymatic sources of vascular ROS include NADPH oxidases, xanthine oxidase, nitric oxide synthases and mitochondrial electron transport chains. The production of ROS is balanced by ROS-scavenging antioxidant systems which may become dysfunctional in disease, contributing to oxidative stress. Changes in the expression and function of ROS sources and antioxidants have been observed in human atherosclerosis while in vitro and in vivo animal models have provided mechanistic insight into their functions. There is considerable interest in utilising antioxidant molecules to balance vascular oxidative stress, yet clinical trials are yet to demonstrate any atheroprotective effects of these molecules. Here we will review the contribution of ROS and oxidative stress to atherosclerosis and will discuss potential strategies to ameliorate these aspects of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Emma Yu
- Section of Cardiorespiratory Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0BB, UK
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13
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Phosphorylation disrupts long-distance electron transport in cytochrome c. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7100. [PMID: 36402842 PMCID: PMC9675734 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34809-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been recently shown that electron transfer between mitochondrial cytochrome c and the cytochrome c1 subunit of the cytochrome bc1 can proceed at long-distance through the aqueous solution. Cytochrome c is thought to adjust its activity by changing the affinity for its partners via Tyr48 phosphorylation, but it is unknown how it impacts the nanoscopic environment, interaction forces, and long-range electron transfer. Here, we constrain the orientation and separation between cytochrome c1 and cytochrome c or the phosphomimetic Y48pCMF cytochrome c, and deploy an array of single-molecule, bulk, and computational methods to investigate the molecular mechanism of electron transfer regulation by cytochrome c phosphorylation. We demonstrate that phosphorylation impairs long-range electron transfer, shortens the long-distance charge conduit between the partners, strengthens their interaction, and departs it from equilibrium. These results unveil a nanoscopic view of the interaction between redox protein partners in electron transport chains and its mechanisms of regulation.
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14
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Evaluation of Auranofin Loading within Ferritin Nanocages. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214162. [PMID: 36430642 PMCID: PMC9695178 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Auranofin (AF), a gold(I) compound that is currently used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and is in clinical trials for its promising anticancer activity, was encapsulated within the human H-chain and the horse spleen ferritin nanocages using the alkaline disassembly/reassembly protocol. The aim of the work was to highlight possible differences in their drug loading capacity and efficacy. The drug-loaded ferritins were characterized via UV-vis absorption spectroscopy and inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy to assess AF encapsulation and to define the exact amount of gold atoms trapped in the Ft cavity. The crystal structures allowed us to define the nature of AF interaction with both ferritins and to identify the gold binding sites. Moreover, the biological characterization let us to obtain preliminary information on the cytotoxic effect of AF when bound to the human H-chain.
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15
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Nishio T, Kishi R, Sato K, Sato K. Blue light exposure enhances oxidative stress, causes DNA damage, and induces apoptosis signaling in B16F1 melanoma cells. MUTATION RESEARCH/GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2022; 883-884:503562. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2022.503562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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16
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Farnesiferol C Exerts Antiproliferative Effects on Hepatocellular Carcinoma HepG2 Cells by Instigating ROS-Dependent Apoptotic Pathway. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15091070. [PMID: 36145291 PMCID: PMC9501262 DOI: 10.3390/ph15091070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Farnesiferol C (Far-C) is a coumarin commonly extracted from Ferula asafetida and is popularly used as a traditional source of natural remedy. Liver cancer or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has emerged as a major cause behind cancer burden, and limited therapeutic interventions have further aggravated the clinical management of HCC. In the present study, the authors tested the hypothesis that Far-C-instigated oxidative stress resulted in anti-proliferation and apoptosis instigation within human liver cancer HepG2 cells. The observations reported herewith indicated that Far-C exerted considerable cytotoxic effects on HepG2 cells by reducing the cell viability (p < 0.001) in a dose-dependent manner. Far-C exposure also resulted in enhanced ROS production (p < 0.01) which subsequently led to loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. Far-C-instigated oxidative stress also led to enhanced nuclear fragmentation and condensation as revealed through Hoechst-33342. These molecular changes post-Far-C exposure also incited apoptotic cell death which concomitantly led to significant activation of caspase-3 (p < 0.001). Furthermore, Far-C exhibited its competence in altering the expression of genes involved in apoptosis regulation (Bax, Bad, and Bcl2) along with genes exerting regulatory effects on cell cycle (cyclinD1) and its progression (p21Cip1 and CDK4). The evidence thus clearly shows the preclinical efficacy of Far-C against HepG2 cells. However, further mechanistic investigations deciphering the alteration of different pathways post-Far-C exposure will be highly beneficial.
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17
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Mohan UP, Tirupathi Pichiah PB, Kunjiappan S, Arunachalam S. A Hypothesis Concerning the role of PPAR family on Cardiac Energetics in Adriamycin-Induced Cardiomyopathy. J Appl Toxicol 2022; 42:1910-1920. [PMID: 35944906 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Adriamycin is an effective anti-neoplastic drug against a variety of cancer types. However, the drug causes adverse side-effects in a number of organ systems. Cardiomyopathy is one of the life-threatening side-effects of Adriamycin. In the current work, we have derived the possible involvement of PPAR family members in the development of Adriamycin-induced cardiomyopathy. Dysregulation of PPAR family by Adriamycin causes impairment in the transport and β-oxidation of fatty acids, the key substrate for ATP synthesis in heart. Evidences suggest that dysregulation of PPAR family results in alters the recruitment of glucose transporters. Furthermore, Hemeoxygenase-1 is a crucial enzyme regulating the iron homeostasis in the heart whose expression is regulated by PPAR family. Inverse relationship exists between the expression levels of PPARγ and hemeoxygenase-1. Adriamycin upregulates the expression of hemeoxygenase-1 which in turn disrupts the iron homeostasis in cardiomyocytes. Our molecular docking results show that Adriamycin has high affinity for iron binding sites of hemeoxygenase-1, thereby hindering formation of iron-sulfur complex. Lack of iron-sulfur complex impairs the electron transport chain. In addition, succinate dehydrogenase subunit A is downregulated by Adriamycin. The lack of this subunit uncouples Krebs cycle from ETC. Further lack of this subunit causes increases the concentration of succinate which further alters the mitochondrial membrane potential. Overall, in the present work we hypothesize that alteration in the expression of PPAR family members is one of the major causes of metabolic chaos and oxidative stress caused by Adriamycin during the development of cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uma Priya Mohan
- Centre for Cardiovascular and Adverse Drug Reactions, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio and Chemical Engineering, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Krishnankoil, Tamilnadu, India
| | | | - Selvaraj Kunjiappan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio and Chemical Engineering, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Krishnankoil, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Sankarganesh Arunachalam
- Centre for Cardiovascular and Adverse Drug Reactions, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio and Chemical Engineering, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Krishnankoil, Tamilnadu, India
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18
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Sahoo M, Kondabattula G, Thakor JC, Dinesh M, Kumar P, Singh R, Singh K, Saminathan M, Sahoo NR. Novel pathological findings and immunohistochemical detection of FMDV antigens in the brain of calves naturally infected with foot-and-mouth disease. Microb Pathog 2022; 169:105650. [PMID: 35764187 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is an extremely contagious and economically devastating viral disease of cloven-hoofed domestic and wildlife animals. The disease is endemic in India and other developing countries of the world. The disease is mainly characterized by the presence of vesicular lesions and "tigroid heart" in calves. The current report describes the novel pathologic findings along with the distribution of FMDV antigens in brain of young calves naturally infected with FMDV. The carcasses of 37 calves suspected to have died from FMD were presented for postmortem investigation. Out of 37 dead calves, 10 calves showed the clinical signs of neurological abnormalities like opisthotonos, muscle twitching and tremor in hind limbs, stiffening of the neck followed by death. Microscopically, the meninges were congested, hemorrhagic, and infiltrated with mononuclear cells. The various sub anatomical sites of the brain showed the varying degrees of vascular changes, perivascular cuffing, focal to diffuse gliosis as well as degeneration and neuronal necrosis, indicating the nonsuppurative encephalitis. The immunolabeling of FMDV antigen was demonstrated in the neurons, inflammatory cells, and microglial cells besides its typical locations. The neurons of the brain also showed strong immunopositivity for caspase-3, caspase-9 and p53 and negative for Bcl-2 and apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) by both immunohistochemistry and western blotting indicating the role of caspase mediated intrinsic, and p53 dependent apoptotic pathway. Further, the TUNEL assay also confirmed the apoptosis in the neurons and glial cells of the brain of naturally infected calves. This study in calves establishes a basis for resemblance to other members of Picornaviruses, such as Enterovirus 71 and Coxsackievirus of humans and seems to be the first report of its kind showing the neuropathological alterations along with the distribution of FMDV antigens associated with apoptosis in younger calves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monalisa Sahoo
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, India; ICAR-DFMD-International Centre for Foot and Mouth Disease, Arugul, Jatni, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
| | - Ganesh Kondabattula
- Quality Control & Quality Assurance unit, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Bengaluru, India
| | | | - M Dinesh
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, India
| | - Rajendra Singh
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, India
| | - Karampal Singh
- ICAR-CADRAD, Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, India
| | - M Saminathan
- ICAR-CADRAD, Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, India
| | - Nihar Ranjan Sahoo
- ICAR-DFMD-International Centre for Foot and Mouth Disease, Arugul, Jatni, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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19
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Haslem L, Hays JM, Hays FA. p66Shc in Cardiovascular Pathology. Cells 2022; 11:cells11111855. [PMID: 35681549 PMCID: PMC9180016 DOI: 10.3390/cells11111855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
p66Shc is a widely expressed protein that governs a variety of cardiovascular pathologies by generating, and exacerbating, pro-apoptotic ROS signals. Here, we review p66Shc’s connections to reactive oxygen species, expression, localization, and discuss p66Shc signaling and mitochondrial functions. Emphasis is placed on recent p66Shc mitochondrial function discoveries including structure/function relationships, ROS identity and regulation, mechanistic insights, and how p66Shc-cyt c interactions can influence p66Shc mitochondrial function. Based on recent findings, a new p66Shc mitochondrial function model is also put forth wherein p66Shc acts as a rheostat that can promote or antagonize apoptosis. A discussion of how the revised p66Shc model fits previous findings in p66Shc-mediated cardiovascular pathology follows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Landon Haslem
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (L.H.); (J.M.H.)
| | - Jennifer M. Hays
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (L.H.); (J.M.H.)
| | - Franklin A. Hays
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (L.H.); (J.M.H.)
- Stephenson Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- Correspondence:
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21
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Whelehan LM, Funnekotter B, Bunn E, Mancera RL. Review: The case for studying mitochondrial function during plant cryopreservation. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 315:111134. [PMID: 35067304 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2021.111134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cryopreservation has several advantages over other ex situ conservation methods, and indeed is the only viable storage method for the long term conservation of most plant species. However, despite many advances in this field, it is increasingly clear that some species are ill-equipped to overcome the intense stress imposed by the cryopreservation process, making protocol development incredibly difficult using traditional trial and error methods. Cryobiotechnology approaches have been recently recognised as a strategic way forward, utilising intimate understanding of biological systems to inform development of more effective cryopreservation protocols. Mitochondrial function is a model candidate for a cryobiotechnological approach, as it underpins not only energy provision, but also several other key determinants of germplasm outcome, including stress response, reduction-oxidation status, and programmed cell death. Extensive research in animal cell and tissue cryopreservation has established a clear link between mitochondrial health and cryopreservation survival, but also indicates that mitochondria are routinely subject to damage from multiple aspects of the cryopreservation process. Evidence is already emerging that mitochondrial dysfunction may also occur in plant cryopreservation, and this research can be greatly expanded by using considered applications of innovative technologies. A range of mitochondria-targeted prophylactic and therapeutic interventions already exist with potential to improve cryopreservation outcomes through mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lily M Whelehan
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia; Kings Park Science, Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions, Perth, WA, Australia.
| | - Bryn Funnekotter
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia; Kings Park Science, Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions, Perth, WA, Australia.
| | - Eric Bunn
- Kings Park Science, Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions, Perth, WA, Australia.
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22
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Wang X, Yin L, Wen Y, Yuan S. Mitochondrial regulation during male germ cell development. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:91. [PMID: 35072818 PMCID: PMC11072027 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04134-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria tailor their morphology to execute their specialized functions in different cell types and/or different environments. During spermatogenesis, mitochondria undergo continuous morphological and distributional changes with germ cell development. Deficiencies in these processes lead to mitochondrial dysfunction and abnormal spermatogenesis, thereby causing male infertility. In recent years, mitochondria have attracted considerable attention because of their unique role in the regulation of piRNA biogenesis in male germ cells. In this review, we describe the varied characters of mitochondria and focus on key mitochondrial factors that play pivotal roles in the regulation of spermatogenesis, from primordial germ cells to spermatozoa, especially concerning metabolic shift, stemness and reprogramming, mitochondrial transformation and rearrangement, and mitochondrial defects in human sperm. Further, we discuss the molecular mechanisms underlying these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Wang
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Lisha Yin
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yujiao Wen
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Shuiqiao Yuan
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
- Laboratory Animal Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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23
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Choubey V, Zeb A, Kaasik A. Molecular Mechanisms and Regulation of Mammalian Mitophagy. Cells 2021; 11:38. [PMID: 35011599 PMCID: PMC8750762 DOI: 10.3390/cells11010038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria in the cell are the center for energy production, essential biomolecule synthesis, and cell fate determination. Moreover, the mitochondrial functional versatility enables cells to adapt to the changes in cellular environment and various stresses. In the process of discharging its cellular duties, mitochondria face multiple types of challenges, such as oxidative stress, protein-related challenges (import, folding, and degradation) and mitochondrial DNA damage. They mitigate all these challenges with robust quality control mechanisms which include antioxidant defenses, proteostasis systems (chaperones and proteases) and mitochondrial biogenesis. Failure of these quality control mechanisms leaves mitochondria as terminally damaged, which then have to be promptly cleared from the cells before they become a threat to cell survival. Such damaged mitochondria are degraded by a selective form of autophagy called mitophagy. Rigorous research in the field has identified multiple types of mitophagy processes based on targeting signals on damaged or superfluous mitochondria. In this review, we provide an in-depth overview of mammalian mitophagy and its importance in human health and diseases. We also attempted to highlight the future area of investigation in the field of mitophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinay Choubey
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Ravila 19, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (A.Z.); (A.K.)
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Kobylińska A, Posmyk MM. Melatonin Protects Tobacco Suspension Cells against Pb-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:13368. [PMID: 34948164 PMCID: PMC8703733 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that melatonin is an important molecule in plant physiology. It seems that the most important is that melatonin effectively eliminates oxidative stress (direct and indirect antioxidant) and switches on different defence strategies (preventive and interventive actions) during environmental stresses. In the presented report, exogenous melatonin potential to protect Nicotiana tabacum L. line Bright Yellow 2 (BY-2) exposed to lead against death was examined. Analyses of cell proliferation and viability, the level of intracellular calcium, changes in mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) as well as possible translocation of cytochrome c from mitochondria to cytosol and subsequent caspase-like proteolytic activity were conducted. Our results indicate that pretreatment BY-2 with melatonin protected tobacco cells against mitochondrial dysfunction and caspase-like activation caused by lead. The findings suggest the possible role of this indoleamine in the molecular mechanism of mitochondria, safeguarding against potential collapse and cytochrome c release. Thus, it seems that applied melatonin acted as an effective factor, promoting survival and increasing plant tolerance to lead.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Małgorzata Maria Posmyk
- Department of Plant Ecophysiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-237 Łódź, Poland;
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Nicolson GL, Ferreira de Mattos G, Ash M, Settineri R, Escribá PV. Fundamentals of Membrane Lipid Replacement: A Natural Medicine Approach to Repairing Cellular Membranes and Reducing Fatigue, Pain, and Other Symptoms While Restoring Function in Chronic Illnesses and Aging. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:944. [PMID: 34940446 PMCID: PMC8707623 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11120944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Membrane Lipid Replacement (MLR) uses natural membrane lipid supplements to safely replace damaged, oxidized lipids in membranes in order to restore membrane function, decrease symptoms and improve health. Oral MLR supplements contain mixtures of cell membrane glycerolphospholipids, fatty acids, and other lipids, and can be used to replace and remove damaged cellular and intracellular membrane lipids. Membrane injury, caused mainly by oxidative damage, occurs in essentially all chronic and acute medical conditions, including cancer and degenerative diseases, and in normal processes, such as aging and development. After ingestion, the protected MLR glycerolphospholipids and other lipids are dispersed, absorbed, and internalized in the small intestines, where they can be partitioned into circulating lipoproteins, globules, liposomes, micelles, membranes, and other carriers and transported in the lymphatics and blood circulation to tissues and cellular sites where they are taken in by cells and partitioned into various cellular membranes. Once inside cells, the glycerolphospholipids and other lipids are transferred to various intracellular membranes by lipid carriers, globules, liposomes, chylomicrons, or by direct membrane-membrane interactions. The entire process appears to be driven by 'bulk flow' or mass action principles, where surplus concentrations of replacement lipids can stimulate the natural exchange and removal of damaged membrane lipids while the replacement lipids undergo further enzymatic alterations. Clinical studies have demonstrated the advantages of MLR in restoring membrane and organelle function and reducing fatigue, pain, and other symptoms in chronic illness and aging patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garth L. Nicolson
- Department of Molecular Pathology, The Institute for Molecular Medicine, Huntington Beach, CA 92647, USA
| | - Gonzalo Ferreira de Mattos
- Laboratory of Ion Channels, Biological Membranes and Cell Signaling, Department of Biophysics, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11600, Uruguay;
| | - Michael Ash
- Clinical Education, Newton Abbot, Devon TQ12 4SG, UK;
| | | | - Pablo V. Escribá
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biomedicine, University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain;
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Gamero-Quijano A, Bhattacharya S, Cazade PA, Molina-Osorio AF, Beecher C, Djeghader A, Soulimane T, Dossot M, Thompson D, Herzog G, Scanlon MD. Modulating the pro-apoptotic activity of cytochrome c at a biomimetic electrified interface. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabg4119. [PMID: 34739310 PMCID: PMC8570605 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abg4119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Programmed cell death via apoptosis is a natural defence against excessive cell division, crucial for fetal development to maintenance of homeostasis and elimination of precancerous and senescent cells. Here, we demonstrate an electrified liquid biointerface that replicates the molecular machinery of the inner mitochondrial membrane at the onset of apoptosis. By mimicking in vivo cytochrome c (Cyt c) interactions with cell membranes, our platform allows us to modulate the conformational plasticity of the protein by simply varying the electrochemical environment at an aqueous-organic interface. We observe interfacial electron transfer between an organic electron donor decamethylferrocene and O2, electrocatalyzed by Cyt c. This interfacial reaction requires partial Cyt c unfolding, mimicking Cyt c in vivo peroxidase activity. As proof of concept, we use our electrified liquid biointerface to identify drug molecules, such as bifonazole, that can potentially down-regulate Cyt c and protect against uncontrolled neuronal cell death in neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alonso Gamero-Quijano
- The Bernal Institute, University of Limerick (UL), Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
- Department of Chemical Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, University of Limerick (UL), Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Shayon Bhattacharya
- The Bernal Institute, University of Limerick (UL), Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
- Department of Physics, School of Natural Sciences, University of Limerick (UL), Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Pierre-André Cazade
- The Bernal Institute, University of Limerick (UL), Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
- Department of Physics, School of Natural Sciences, University of Limerick (UL), Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Andrés F. Molina-Osorio
- The Bernal Institute, University of Limerick (UL), Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
- Department of Chemical Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, University of Limerick (UL), Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Cillian Beecher
- The Bernal Institute, University of Limerick (UL), Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
- Department of Chemical Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, University of Limerick (UL), Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Ahmed Djeghader
- Department of Chemical Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, University of Limerick (UL), Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Tewfik Soulimane
- Department of Chemical Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, University of Limerick (UL), Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Manuel Dossot
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique et Microbiologie pour les Matériaux et l’Environnement, Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LCPME, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Damien Thompson
- The Bernal Institute, University of Limerick (UL), Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
- Department of Physics, School of Natural Sciences, University of Limerick (UL), Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Grégoire Herzog
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique et Microbiologie pour les Matériaux et l’Environnement, Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LCPME, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Micheál D. Scanlon
- The Bernal Institute, University of Limerick (UL), Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
- Department of Chemical Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, University of Limerick (UL), Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Centre, Dublin, Ireland
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Wang S, Sun-Waterhouse D, Neil Waterhouse GI, Zheng L, Su G, Zhao M. Effects of food-derived bioactive peptides on cognitive deficits and memory decline in neurodegenerative diseases: A review. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.04.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Ahmad A, Tiwari RK, Saeed M, Ahmad I, Ansari IA. Glycyrrhizin Mediates Downregulation of Notch Pathway Resulting in Initiation of Apoptosis and Disruption in the Cell Cycle Progression in Cervical Cancer Cells. Nutr Cancer 2021; 74:622-639. [PMID: 33691557 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2021.1895234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Growing emphasis on exploring the antiproliferative potential of natural compounds has gathered momentum for the formulation of anticancer drugs. In the present study, the anticancer and apoptotic potential of glycyrrhizin (GLY) was studied on HPV- C33A cervical cancer (CCa) cells. Our results indicated that GLY exerted antiproliferative effects in the C33A cells by inducing significant cytotoxicity. Treatment with GLY substantially increases the apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner via disrupting the mitochondrial membrane potential. GLY induced apoptosis in C33A cells via activation of capsase-9 (intrinsic pathway) and caspase-8 (extrinsic pathway) along with the modulation of pro- and antiapoptotic protein expression. Moreover, GLY also exerted cell cycle arrest in C33A cells at G0/G1 phase which was associated with the decreased expression of cyclin D1 and cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) along with the increased expression of CDK inhibitor p21Cip1. Furthermore, GLY treated CCa cells exhibited significant downregulation of Notch signaling pathway which may be associated with increased apoptosis as well as cell cycle arrest in C33A CCa cells. Thus, GLY could be an appendage in the prevention and management of CCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afza Ahmad
- Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rohit Kumar Tiwari
- Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mohd Saeed
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, University of Hail, Hail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Irfan Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Research Centre for Advanced Materials Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Irfan Ahmad Ansari
- Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Lysine 72 substitutions differently affect lipid membrane permeabilizing and proapoptotic activities of horse heart cytochrome c. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 548:74-77. [PMID: 33631678 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Peroxidase activity of cytochrome c (cyt c)/cardiolipin (CL) complex is supposed to be involved in the initiation of apoptosis via peroxidative induction of mitochondrial membrane permeabilization. As cyt c binding to CL-containing membranes is at least partially associated with electrostatic protein/lipid interaction, we screened single-point mutants of horse heart cyt c with various substitutions of lysine at position 72, considered to play a significant role in both the binding and peroxidase activity of the protein. Contrary to expectations, K72A, K72R and K72L substitutions exerted slight effects on both the cyt c binding to CL-containing liposomal membranes and the cyt c/H2O2-induced calcein leakage from liposomes, used here as a membrane permeabilization assay. Both the binding and permeabilization were decreased to various extents, but not significantly, in the case of K72E and K72N mutants. A drastic difference was found between the sequence of the permeabilizing activities of the cyt c variants and the previously described order of their proapoptotic activities (Chertkova et al., 2008).
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Okoye CN, Stevens D, Kamunde C. Modulation of mitochondrial site-specific hydrogen peroxide efflux by exogenous stressors. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 164:439-456. [PMID: 33383085 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.12.234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Oxygen (O2) deprivation and metals are common environmental stressors and their exposure to aquatic organisms can induce oxidative stress by disrupting cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis. Mitochondria are a major source of ROS in the cell wherein a dozen sites located on enzymes of the electron transport system (ETS) and substrate oxidation produce superoxide anion radicals (O2˙‾) or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Sites located on ETS enzymes can generate ROS by forward electron transfer (FET) and reverse electron transfer (RET) reactions; however, knowledge of how exogenous stressors modulate site-specific ROS production is limited. We investigated the effects of anoxia-reoxygenation and cadmium (Cd) on H2O2 emission in fish liver mitochondria oxidizing glutamate-malate, succinate or palmitoylcarnitine-malate. We find that anoxia-reoxygenation attenuates H2O2 emission while the effect of Cd depends on the substrate, with monotonic responses for glutamate-malate and palmitoylcarnitine-malate, and a biphasic response for succinate. Anoxia-reoxygenation exerts a substrate-dependent inhibition of mitochondrial respiration which is more severe with palmitoylcarnitine-malate compared with succinate or glutamate-malate. Additionally, specific mitochondrial ROS-emitting sites were sequestered using blockers of electron transfer and the effects of anoxia-reoxygenation and Cd on H2O2 emission were evaluated. Here, we find that site-specific H2O2 emission capacities depend on the substrate and the direction of electron flow. Moreover, anoxia-reoxygenation alters site-specific H2O2 emission rates during succinate and glutamate-malate oxidation whereas Cd imposes monotonic or biphasic H2O2 emission responses depending on the substrate and site. Contrary to our expectation, anoxia-reoxygenation blunts the effect of Cd. These results suggest that the effect of exogenous stressors on mitochondrial oxidant production is governed by their impact on energy conversion reactions and mitochondrial redox poise. Moreover, direct increased ROS production seemingly does not explain the increased adverse effects associated with combined exposure of aquatic organisms to Cd and low dissolved oxygen levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chidozie N Okoye
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, 550 University Avenue, Charlottetown, PE, C1A 4P3, Canada; Department of Veterinary Obstetrics and Reproductive Diseases. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Don Stevens
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, 550 University Avenue, Charlottetown, PE, C1A 4P3, Canada
| | - Collins Kamunde
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, 550 University Avenue, Charlottetown, PE, C1A 4P3, Canada.
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Kopustinskiene DM, Bernatoniene J. Molecular Mechanisms of Melatonin-Mediated Cell Protection and Signaling in Health and Disease. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:129. [PMID: 33498316 PMCID: PMC7909293 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13020129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Melatonin, an endogenously synthesized indolamine, is a powerful antioxidant exerting beneficial action in many pathological conditions. Melatonin protects from oxidative stress in ischemic/reperfusion injury, neurodegenerative diseases, and aging, decreases inflammation, modulates the immune system, inhibits proliferation, counteracts the Warburg effect, and promotes apoptosis in various cancer models. Melatonin stimulates antioxidant enzymes in the cells, protects mitochondrial membrane phospholipids, especially cardiolipin, from oxidation thus preserving integrity of the membranes, affects mitochondrial membrane potential, stimulates activity of respiratory chain enzymes, and decreases the opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore and cytochrome c release. This review will focus on the molecular mechanisms of melatonin effects in the cells during normal and pathological conditions and possible melatonin clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia M. Kopustinskiene
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu pr. 13, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania;
| | - Jurga Bernatoniene
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu pr. 13, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania;
- Department of Drug Technology and Social Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu pr. 13, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
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32
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Petit PX, Ardilla-Osorio H, Penalvia L, Nathan E. R. Tafazzin Mutation Affecting Cardiolipin Leads to Increased Mitochondrial Superoxide Anions and Mitophagy Inhibition in Barth Syndrome. Cells 2020; 9:cells9102333. [PMID: 33096711 PMCID: PMC7589545 DOI: 10.3390/cells9102333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Tafazzin is a phospholipid transacylase that catalyzes the remodeling of cardiolipin, a mitochondrial phospholipid required for oxidative phosphorylation. Mutations of the tafazzin gene cause Barth syndrome, which is characterized by mitochondrial dysfunction and dilated cardiomyopathy, leading to premature death. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the cause of mitochondrial dysfunction in Barth syndrome remain poorly understood. We again highlight the fact that the tafazzin deficiency is also linked to defective oxidative phosphorylation associated with oxidative stress. All the mitochondrial events are positioned in a context where mitophagy is a key element in mitochondrial quality control. Here, we investigated the role of tafazzin in mitochondrial homeostasis dysregulation and mitophagy alteration. Using a HeLa cell model of tafazzin deficiency, we show that dysregulation of tafazzin in HeLa cells induces alteration of mitophagy. Our findings provide some additional insights into mitochondrial dysfunction associated with Barth syndrome, but also show that mitophagy inhibition is concomitant with apoptosis dysfunction through the inability of abnormal mitochondrial cardiolipin to assume its role in cytoplasmic signal transduction. Our work raises hope that pharmacological manipulation of the mitophagic pathway together with mitochondrially targeted antioxidants may provide new insights leading to promising treatment for these highly lethal conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrice X. Petit
- SSPIN Saints-Pères Paris Institut de Neurosciences, CNRS UMR 8003, “Mitochondria, Apoptosis and Autophagy Signalling” Université de Paris—Campus Saint-Germain, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75006 Paris, France; (L.P.); (R.N.E.)
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +33(0)6-78-24-80-87
| | - Hector Ardilla-Osorio
- Laboratoire Cellules Souches et Prions, INSERM-S 1124, Université de Paris—Campus Saint-Germain, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006 Paris, France;
| | - Lucile Penalvia
- SSPIN Saints-Pères Paris Institut de Neurosciences, CNRS UMR 8003, “Mitochondria, Apoptosis and Autophagy Signalling” Université de Paris—Campus Saint-Germain, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75006 Paris, France; (L.P.); (R.N.E.)
| | - Rainey Nathan E.
- SSPIN Saints-Pères Paris Institut de Neurosciences, CNRS UMR 8003, “Mitochondria, Apoptosis and Autophagy Signalling” Université de Paris—Campus Saint-Germain, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75006 Paris, France; (L.P.); (R.N.E.)
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Du Y, You L, Ni B, Sai N, Wang W, Sun M, Xu R, Yao Y, Zhang Z, Qu C, Yin X, Ni J. Phillyrin Mitigates Apoptosis and Oxidative Stress in Hydrogen Peroxide-Treated RPE Cells through Activation of the Nrf2 Signaling Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:2684672. [PMID: 33101585 PMCID: PMC7576358 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2684672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress-induced dysfunction or apoptosis in retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells is an important cause of dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Although phillyrin has been shown to exert significant antioxidant effects, the underlying mechanism of action remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effect of phillyrin on hydrogen peroxide- (H2O2-) induced oxidative stress damage in RPE cells and the potential mechanism involved. It was found that phillyrin significantly protected RPE cells from H2O2 cytotoxicity. Furthermore, phillyrin alleviated oxidative stress-induced apoptosis via inhibition of endogenous and exogenous apoptotic pathways. Compared with the H2O2-treated group, the expressions of cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-9, cleaved polymerase (PARP), death receptor Fas, and cleaved caspase-8, as well as Bax/Bcl-2 ratio were decreased in RPE cells after the phillyrin intervention. In addition, phillyrin reversed the oxidative stress-induced reductions in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) levels and annulled the elevations in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA), thereby restoring oxidant-antioxidant homeostasis. Phillyrin treatment upregulated the expressions of cyclin E, cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), and cyclin A and downregulated the expressions of p21 and p-p53, thereby reversing the G0/G1 cell cycle arrest in H2O2-treated RPE cells. Pretreatment with phillyrin also increased the expressions of nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), total Nrf2, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductases-1 (NQO-1) in RPE cells and inhibited the formation of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1)/Nrf2 protein complex. Thus, phillyrin effectively protected RPE cells from oxidative stress through activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway and inhibition of the mitochondria-dependent apoptosis pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Du
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Longtai You
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Boran Ni
- Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Na Sai
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
- School of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, 010110 Hohhot, China
| | - Wenping Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Mingyi Sun
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Rui Xu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yu Yao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zhiqin Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Changhai Qu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xingbin Yin
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jian Ni
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
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SAM50, a side door to the mitochondria: The case of cytotoxic proteases. Pharmacol Res 2020; 160:105196. [PMID: 32919042 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
SAM50, a 7-8 nm diameter β-barrel channel of the mitochondrial outer membrane, is the central channel of the sorting and assembly machinery (SAM) complex involved in the biogenesis of β-barrel proteins. Interestingly, SAM50 is not known to have channel translocase activity; however, we have recently found that this channel is necessary and sufficient for mitochondrial entry of cytotoxic proteases. Cytotoxic lymphocytes eliminate cells that pose potential hazards, such as virus- and bacteria-infected cells as well as cancer cells. They induce cell death following the delivery of granzyme cytotoxic proteases into the cytosol of the target cell. Although granzyme A and granzyme B (GA and GB), the best characterized of the five human granzymes, trigger very distinct apoptotic cascades, they share the ability to directly target the mitochondria. GA and GB do not have a mitochondrial targeting signal, yet they enter the target cell mitochondria to disrupt respiratory chain complex I and induce mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent cell death. We found that granzyme mitochondrial entry requires SAM50 and the translocase of the inner membrane 22 (TIM22). Preventing granzymes' mitochondrial entry compromises their cytotoxicity, indicating that this event is unexpectedly an important step for cell death. Although mitochondria are best known for their roles in cell metabolism and energy conversion, these double-membrane organelles are also involved in Ca2+ homeostasis, metabolite transport, cell cycle regulation, cell signaling, differentiation, stress response, redox homeostasis, aging, and cell death. This multiplicity of functions is matched with the complexity and plasticity of the mitochondrial proteome as well as the organelle's morphological and structural versatility. Indeed, mitochondria are extremely dynamic and undergo fusion and fission events in response to diverse cellular cues. In humans, there are 1500 different mitochondrial proteins, the vast majority of which are encoded in the nuclear genome and translated by cytosolic ribosomes, after which they must be imported and properly addressed to the right mitochondrial compartment. To this end, mitochondria are equipped with a very sophisticated and highly specific protein import machinery. The latter is centered on translocase complexes embedded in the outer and inner mitochondrial membranes working along five different import pathways. We will briefly describe these import pathways to put into perspective our finding regarding the ability of granzymes to enter the mitochondria.
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Thévenod F, Lee WK, Garrick MD. Iron and Cadmium Entry Into Renal Mitochondria: Physiological and Toxicological Implications. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:848. [PMID: 32984336 PMCID: PMC7492674 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulation of body fluid homeostasis is a major renal function, occurring largely through epithelial solute transport in various nephron segments driven by Na+/K+-ATPase activity. Energy demands are greatest in the proximal tubule and thick ascending limb where mitochondrial ATP production occurs through oxidative phosphorylation. Mitochondria contain 20-80% of the cell's iron, copper, and manganese that are imported for their redox properties, primarily for electron transport. Redox reactions, however, also lead to reactive, toxic compounds, hence careful control of redox-active metal import into mitochondria is necessary. Current dogma claims the outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM) is freely permeable to metal ions, while the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM) is selectively permeable. Yet we recently showed iron and manganese import at the OMM involves divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1), an H+-coupled metal ion transporter. Thus, iron import is not only regulated by IMM mitoferrins, but also depends on the OMM to intermembrane space H+ gradient. We discuss how these mitochondrial transport processes contribute to renal injury in systemic (e.g., hemochromatosis) and local (e.g., hemoglobinuria) iron overload. Furthermore, the environmental toxicant cadmium selectively damages kidney mitochondria by "ionic mimicry" utilizing iron and calcium transporters, such as OMM DMT1 or IMM calcium uniporter, and by disrupting the electron transport chain. Consequently, unraveling mitochondrial metal ion transport may help develop new strategies to prevent kidney injury induced by metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Thévenod
- Faculty of Health, Centre for Biomedical Education and Research, Institute of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Toxicology, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Wing-Kee Lee
- Faculty of Health, Centre for Biomedical Education and Research, Institute of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Toxicology, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Michael D Garrick
- Department of Biochemistry, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
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Monolysocardiolipin (MLCL) interactions with mitochondrial membrane proteins. Biochem Soc Trans 2020; 48:993-1004. [PMID: 32453413 PMCID: PMC7329354 DOI: 10.1042/bst20190932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Monolysocardiolipin (MLCL) is a three-tailed variant of cardiolipin (CL), the signature lipid of mitochondria. MLCL is not normally found in healthy tissue but accumulates in mitochondria of people with Barth syndrome (BTHS), with an overall increase in the MLCL:CL ratio. The reason for MLCL accumulation remains to be fully understood. The effect of MLCL build-up and decreased CL content in causing the characteristics of BTHS are also unclear. In both cases, an understanding of the nature of MLCL interaction with mitochondrial proteins will be key. Recent work has shown that MLCL associates less tightly than CL with proteins in the mitochondrial inner membrane, suggesting that MLCL accumulation is a result of CL degradation, and that the lack of MLCL–protein interactions compromises the stability of the protein-dense mitochondrial inner membrane, leading to a decrease in optimal respiration. There is some data on MLCL–protein interactions for proteins involved in the respiratory chain and in apoptosis, but there remains much to be understood regarding the nature of MLCL–protein interactions. Recent developments in structural, analytical and computational approaches mean that these investigations are now possible. Such an understanding will be key to further insights into how MLCL accumulation impacts mitochondrial membranes. In turn, these insights will help to support the development of therapies for people with BTHS and give a broader understanding of other diseases involving defective CL content.
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Dourmap C, Roque S, Morin A, Caubrière D, Kerdiles M, Béguin K, Perdoux R, Reynoud N, Bourdet L, Audebert PA, Moullec JL, Couée I. Stress signalling dynamics of the mitochondrial electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation system in higher plants. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2020; 125:721-736. [PMID: 31711195 PMCID: PMC7182585 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcz184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondria play a diversity of physiological and metabolic roles under conditions of abiotic or biotic stress. They may be directly subjected to physico-chemical constraints, and they are also involved in integrative responses to environmental stresses through their central position in cell nutrition, respiration, energy balance and biosyntheses. In plant cells, mitochondria present various biochemical peculiarities, such as cyanide-insensitive alternative respiration, and, besides integration with ubiquitous eukaryotic compartments, their functioning must be coupled with plastid functioning. Moreover, given the sessile lifestyle of plants, their relative lack of protective barriers and present threats of climate change, the plant cell is an attractive model to understand the mechanisms of stress/organelle/cell integration in the context of environmental stress responses. SCOPE The involvement of mitochondria in this integration entails a complex network of signalling, which has not been fully elucidated, because of the great diversity of mitochondrial constituents (metabolites, reactive molecular species and structural and regulatory biomolecules) that are linked to stress signalling pathways. The present review analyses the complexity of stress signalling connexions that are related to the mitochondrial electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation system, and how they can be involved in stress perception and transduction, signal amplification or cell stress response modulation. CONCLUSIONS Plant mitochondria are endowed with a diversity of multi-directional hubs of stress signalling that lead to regulatory loops and regulatory rheostats, whose functioning can amplify and diversify some signals or, conversely, dampen and reduce other signals. Involvement in a wide range of abiotic and biotic responses also implies that mitochondrial stress signalling could result in synergistic or conflicting outcomes during acclimation to multiple and complex stresses, such as those arising from climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corentin Dourmap
- Université de Rennes 1, Department of Life Sciences and Environment, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France
| | - Solène Roque
- Université de Rennes 1, Department of Life Sciences and Environment, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France
| | - Amélie Morin
- Université de Rennes 1, Department of Life Sciences and Environment, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France
| | - Damien Caubrière
- Université de Rennes 1, Department of Life Sciences and Environment, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France
| | - Margaux Kerdiles
- Université de Rennes 1, Department of Life Sciences and Environment, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France
- Université de Rennes 1, CNRS ECOBIO (Ecosystems-Biodiversity-Evolution) – UMR 6553, Rennes, France
| | - Kyllian Béguin
- Université de Rennes 1, Department of Life Sciences and Environment, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France
- Université de Rennes 1, CNRS ECOBIO (Ecosystems-Biodiversity-Evolution) – UMR 6553, Rennes, France
| | - Romain Perdoux
- Université de Rennes 1, Department of Life Sciences and Environment, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France
| | - Nicolas Reynoud
- Université de Rennes 1, Department of Life Sciences and Environment, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France
| | - Lucile Bourdet
- Université de Rennes 1, Department of Life Sciences and Environment, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France
| | - Pierre-Alexandre Audebert
- Université de Rennes 1, Department of Life Sciences and Environment, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France
| | - Julien Le Moullec
- Université de Rennes 1, Department of Life Sciences and Environment, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France
| | - Ivan Couée
- Université de Rennes 1, Department of Life Sciences and Environment, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France
- Université de Rennes 1, CNRS ECOBIO (Ecosystems-Biodiversity-Evolution) – UMR 6553, Rennes, France
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Wheel and Deal in the Mitochondrial Inner Membranes: The Tale of Cytochrome c and Cardiolipin. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:6813405. [PMID: 32377304 PMCID: PMC7193304 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6813405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cardiolipin oxidation and degradation by different factors under severe cell stress serve as a trigger for genetically encoded cell death programs. In this context, the interplay between cardiolipin and another mitochondrial factor—cytochrome c—is a key process in the early stages of apoptosis, and it is a matter of intense research. Cytochrome c interacts with lipid membranes by electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bonds, and hydrophobic effects. Experimental conditions (including pH, lipid composition, and post-translational modifications) determine which specific amino acid residues are involved in the interaction and influence the heme iron coordination state. In fact, up to four binding sites (A, C, N, and L), driven by different interactions, have been reported. Nevertheless, key aspects of the mechanism for cardiolipin oxidation by the hemeprotein are well established. First, cytochrome c acts as a pseudoperoxidase, a process orchestrated by tyrosine residues which are crucial for peroxygenase activity and sensitivity towards oxidation caused by protein self-degradation. Second, flexibility of two weakest folding units of the hemeprotein correlates with its peroxidase activity and the stability of the iron coordination sphere. Third, the diversity of the mode of interaction parallels a broad diversity in the specific reaction pathway. Thus, current knowledge has already enabled the design of novel drugs designed to successfully inhibit cardiolipin oxidation.
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Cell organelles as targets of mammalian cadmium toxicity. Arch Toxicol 2020; 94:1017-1049. [PMID: 32206829 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-020-02692-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Ever increasing environmental presence of cadmium as a consequence of industrial activities is considered a health hazard and is closely linked to deteriorating global health status. General animal and human cadmium exposure ranges from ingestion of foodstuffs sourced from heavily polluted hotspots and cigarette smoke to widespread contamination of air and water, including cadmium-containing microplastics found in household water. Cadmium is promiscuous in its effects and exerts numerous cellular perturbations based on direct interactions with macromolecules and its capacity to mimic or displace essential physiological ions, such as iron and zinc. Cell organelles use lipid membranes to form complex tightly-regulated, compartmentalized networks with specialized functions, which are fundamental to life. Interorganellar communication is crucial for orchestrating correct cell behavior, such as adaptive stress responses, and can be mediated by the release of signaling molecules, exchange of organelle contents, mechanical force generated through organelle shape changes or direct membrane contact sites. In this review, cadmium effects on organellar structure and function will be critically discussed with particular consideration to disruption of organelle physiology in vertebrates.
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Fukumoto J, Leung J, Cox R, Czachor A, Parthasarathy PT, Lagishetty V, Mandry M, Hosseinian N, Patel P, Perry B, Breitzig MT, Alleyn M, Failla A, Cho Y, Cooke AJ, Galam L, Soundararajan R, Sharma N, Lockey RF, Kolliputi N. Oxidative stress induces club cell proliferation and pulmonary fibrosis in Atp8b1 mutant mice. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 11:209-229. [PMID: 30636723 PMCID: PMC6339797 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Atp8b1 (ATPase, aminophospholipid transporter, class I, type 8B, member 1) is a cardiolipin transporter in the apical membrane of lung epithelial cells. While the role of Atp8b1 in pneumonia-induced acute lung injury (ALI) has been well studied, its potential role in oxidative stress-induced ALI is poorly understood. We herein show that Atp8b1G308V/G308V mice under hyperoxic conditions display exacerbated cell apoptosis at alveolar epithelium and aberrant proliferation of club cells at bronchiolar epithelium. This hyperoxia-induced ambivalent response in Atp8b1G308V/G308V lungs was followed by patchy distribution of non-uniform interstitial fibrosis at late recovery phase under normoxia. Since this club cell abnormality is commonly observed between Atp8b1G308V/G308V lungs under hyperoxic conditions and IPF lungs, we characterized this mouse fibrosis model focusing on club cells. Intriguingly, subcellular morphological analysis of IPF lungs, using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), revealed that metaplastic bronchiolar epithelial cells in fibrotic lesions and deformed type II alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) in alveoli with mild fibrosis, have common morphological features including cytoplasmic vacuolation and dysmorphic lamellar bodies. In conclusion, the combination of Atp8b1 mutation and hyperoxic insult serves as a novel platform to study unfocused role of club cells in IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jutaro Fukumoto
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Joseph Leung
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Ruan Cox
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Alexander Czachor
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Prasanna Tamarapu Parthasarathy
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Venu Lagishetty
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Maria Mandry
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Nima Hosseinian
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Priyanshi Patel
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Brittany Perry
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Mason T Breitzig
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Matthew Alleyn
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Athena Failla
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Young Cho
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Andrew J Cooke
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Lakshmi Galam
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Ramani Soundararajan
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Nirmal Sharma
- Advanced Lung Diseases & Lung Transplantation, Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Richard F Lockey
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Narasaiah Kolliputi
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
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Hill RL, Singh IN, Brelsfoard J, Hall ED. Pharmacological inhibition of lipid peroxidative damage by the 21-aminosteroid U-74389G improves cortical mitochondrial function following traumatic brain injury in young adult male rats. Neuropharmacology 2020; 170:108023. [PMID: 32142792 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2020.108023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The 21-aminosteroid ("lazaroid") U-74389G (U74), an inhibitor of lipid peroxidation (LP), was used to protect mitochondrial function following TBI in young adult male rats. The animals received a severe (2.2 mm) controlled cortical impact-TBI. U74 was administered intravenous at 15 min and 2 h post injury (hpi) followed by intraperitoneal dose at 8 hpi at the following doses (mg/kg): 0.3 (IV) + 1 (IP), 1 + 3, 3 + 10, 10 + 30. Total cortical mitochondria were isolated at 72 hpi and respiratory rates were measured. Mitochondrial 4-HNE and acrolein were evaluated as indicators of LP-mediated oxidative damage. At 72 h post-TBI injured animals had significantly lower mitochondrial respiration rates compared to sham. Administration of U74 at the 1 mg/kg dosing paradigm significantly improved mitochondrial respiration rates for States II, III, V(II) and RCR compared to vehicle-treated animals. At 72 h post-TBI injured animals administration of U74 also reduced reactive aldehydes levels compared to vehicle-treated animals. The aim of this study was to explore the hypothesis that interrupting secondary oxidative damage via acute pharmacological inhibition of LP by U74 following a CCI-TBI would provide mitochondrial neuroprotective effects in a dose-dependent manner. We found acute administration of U74 to injured rats resulted in improved mitochondrial function and lowered the levels of reactive aldehydes in the mitochondria. These results establish not only the most effective dose of U74 treatment to attenuate LP-mediated oxidative damage, but also set the foundation for further studies to explore additional neuroprotective effects following TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel L Hill
- Spinal Cord & Brain Injury Research Center (SCoBIRC), 741 S. Limestone St, Lexington, KY, 40536-0509, USA.
| | - Indrapal N Singh
- Spinal Cord & Brain Injury Research Center (SCoBIRC), 741 S. Limestone St, Lexington, KY, 40536-0509, USA; Department of Neuroscience, 800 Rose St, Lexington, KY, 40536-0298, USA. https://
| | - Jennifer Brelsfoard
- Spinal Cord & Brain Injury Research Center (SCoBIRC), 741 S. Limestone St, Lexington, KY, 40536-0509, USA. https://
| | - Edward D Hall
- Spinal Cord & Brain Injury Research Center (SCoBIRC), 741 S. Limestone St, Lexington, KY, 40536-0509, USA; Department of Neuroscience, 800 Rose St, Lexington, KY, 40536-0298, USA.
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Lapi D, Stornaiuolo M, Sabatino L, Sommella E, Tenore G, Daglia M, Scuri R, Di Maro M, Colantuoni A, Novellino E. The Pomace Extract Taurisolo Protects Rat Brain From Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:3. [PMID: 32063837 PMCID: PMC6997812 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Taurisolo® is a pomace extract from Aglianico Grapes, a wine cultivar native to Campania (Southern Italy). It exhibits a very high polyphenolic content and, consumed as a nutraceutical, is effective in reducing the level of Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a cardiovascular disease risk factor marker. We here show the effects of Taurisolo® on rat brain microvascular alterations induced by a diminution in cerebral blood flow (CBFD) for 30 min, due to bilateral common carotid artery occlusion, and subsequent blood flow restoration (CBFR) for 60 min. The rat pial microcirculation was investigated by intravital fluorescence microscopy through a parietal closed window implanted into the skull bone. The rat pial arterioles were classified according to Strahler’s ordering scheme, from smaller penetrating arterioles up to the larger ones. Western blotting analysis and mass spectrometry (MS)-based metabolomics were used to investigate the expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) or the presence of peroxidized cardiolipin and several inflammatory mediators, respectively. Radical Oxygen Species (ROS) formation and neuronal loss were assessed. In rats CBFD and CBFR caused a decrease in arteriolar diameter, increase in fluorescent leakage and in adhesion of leukocytes to venular walls, reduction in the length of perfused capillaries and increment of ROS formation with large infarct size. Taurisolo®, intravenously or orally administered, induced pial arteriolar dilation (up to >30% of baseline), prevented fluorescent leakage, adhesion of leukocytes, ROS formation, while facilitated capillary perfusion and significantly reduced infarct size. These effects were accompanied by an increase in eNOS expression. Mass-spectrometry metabolomics analysis detected a marked decrease in the amount of peroxidized cardiolipin and pronounced reduction in pro-inflammatory prostaglandins and thromboxane Txb2. Altogether, these results extend the nutraceutical potential of Taurisolo® and suggest their eligibility for preventing brain damage due to ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominga Lapi
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | | | - Lina Sabatino
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Eduardo Sommella
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Tenore
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Daglia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Rossana Scuri
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Martina Di Maro
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Colantuoni
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Ettore Novellino
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
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Said SA, Ordeñana CX, Rezaei M, Figueroa BA, Dasarathy S, Brunengraber H, Rampazzo A, Gharb BB. Ex-Vivo Normothermic Limb Perfusion With a Hemoglobin-Based Oxygen Carrier Perfusate. Mil Med 2020; 185:110-120. [PMID: 32074378 DOI: 10.1093/milmed/usz314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ex-vivo normothermic limb perfusion (EVNLP) has been proven to preserve limb viability better than standard cold storage. Perfusates containing packed red blood cells (pRBC) improve outcomes when compared to acellular perfusates. Limitations of pRBC-based perfusion include limited availability, need for cross match, mechanical hemolysis, and activation of pro-inflammatory proteins. Hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier (HBOC)-201 (Hemopure) is a solution of polymerized bovine hemoglobin, characterized by low immunogenicity, no risk of hemolytic reaction, and enhanced convective and diffusive oxygen delivery. This is a preliminary study on the feasibility of EVNLP using HBOC-201 as an oxygen carrier. MATERIALS AND METHODS Three porcine forelimb perfusions were performed using an established EVNLP model and an HBOC-201-based perfusate. The perfusion circuit included a roller pump, oxygenator, heat exchanger, and reservoir. Electrolytes, limb temperature, weight, compartment pressure, nerve conduction, and perfusion indicated by indocyanine green angiography and infra-red thermography were monitored. Histological evaluation was performed with hematoxylin and eosin and electron microscopy. RESULTS Three limbs were perfused for 21.3 ± 2.1 hours. Muscle contractility was preserved for 10.6 ± 2.4 hours. Better preservation of the mitochondrial ultrastructure was evident at 12 hours in contrast to crystallization and destruction features in the cold-storage controls. CONCLUSIONS An HBOC-201-EVNLP produced outcomes similar to RBC-EVNLP with preservation of muscle contractility and mitochondrial structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayf A Said
- Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Department of Plastic Surgery, 9500 Euclid Ave, A60, Cleveland, OH 44195
| | - Carlos X Ordeñana
- Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Department of Plastic Surgery, 9500 Euclid Ave, A60, Cleveland, OH 44195
| | - Majid Rezaei
- Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Department of Plastic Surgery, 9500 Euclid Ave, A60, Cleveland, OH 44195
| | - Brian A Figueroa
- Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Department of Plastic Surgery, 9500 Euclid Ave, A60, Cleveland, OH 44195
| | - Srinivasan Dasarathy
- Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Department of Gastroenterology, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44195
| | - Henri Brunengraber
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 2109 Adelbert Rd, BRB 901, Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Antonio Rampazzo
- Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Department of Plastic Surgery, 9500 Euclid Ave, A60, Cleveland, OH 44195
| | - Bahar Bassiri Gharb
- Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Department of Plastic Surgery, 9500 Euclid Ave, A60, Cleveland, OH 44195
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Ruiz-Ramírez A, Barrios-Maya M, Quezada-Pablo H, López-Acosta O, El-Hafidi M. Kidney dysfunction induced by a sucrose-rich diet in rat involves mitochondria ROS generation, cardiolipin changes, and the decline of autophagy protein markers. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2020; 318:F53-F66. [DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00208.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanistic link between obesity and renal failure has been proposed to involve mitochondria reactive oxygen species generation and lipotoxicity. These pathological conditions make mitochondria of particular interest in the regulation of cell function and death by both apoptosis and autophagy. Therefore, this work was undertaken to investigate mitochondria function, autophagy, and apoptosis protein markers in the kidney from a rat model of intra-abdominal obesity and renal damage induced by a high-sucrose diet. Mitochondria from sucrose-fed (SF) kidneys in the presence of pyruvate-malate generated H2O2at a higher rate than from control (79.81 ± 4.98 vs. 65.84 ± 1.95 pmol·min−1·mg protein−1). With succinate, the release of H2O2was significantly higher compared with pyruvate-malate, and it remained higher in SF than in control mitochondria (146.4 ± 8.8 vs. 106.1 ± 5.9 pmol·min−1·mg protein−1). However, cytochrome c release from SF kidney mitochondria was lower than from control. In addition, cardiolipin, a mitochondria-specific phospholipid, was found increased in SF mitochondria due to the enhanced amount of both cardiolipin synthase and tafazzin. Cardiolipin was also found enriched with saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids, which are less susceptible to peroxidative stress involved in cytochrome c release. Furthermore, beclin-1 and light chain 3-B, as autophagy protein markers, and caspase-9, as apoptosis protein marker, were found decreased in SF kidneys. These results suggest that the decline of autophagy protein markers and the lack of apoptosis process could be a pathological mechanism of cell dysfunction leading to the progression of renal disease in SF rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angélica Ruiz-Ramírez
- Department of Biomedicine Cardiovascular, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Miguel Barrios-Maya
- Department of Biomedicine Cardiovascular, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Hector Quezada-Pablo
- Immunology and Proteomics Laboratory, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ocarol López-Acosta
- Department of Biomedicine Cardiovascular, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mohammed El-Hafidi
- Department of Biomedicine Cardiovascular, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
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Abstract
Mitochondria are vital organelles that provide energy for muscle function. When these organelles become dysfunctional, they produce less energy as well as excessive levels of reactive oxygen species which can trigger muscle atrophy, weakness and loss of endurance. In this review, molecular evidence is provided to show that exercise serves as a useful therapeutic countermeasure to overcome mitochondrial dysfunction, even when key regulators of organelle biogenesis are absent. These findings illustrate the complexity and compensatory nature of exercise-induced molecular signaling to transcription, as well as to post-transcriptional events within the mitochondrial synthesis and degradation (i.e. turnover) pathways. Beginning with the first bout of contractile activity, exercise exerts a medicinal effect to improve mitochondrial health and whole muscle function.
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Viral Nonstructural Protein 1 Induces Mitochondrion-Mediated Apoptosis in Mink Enteritis Virus Infection. J Virol 2019; 93:JVI.01249-19. [PMID: 31484746 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01249-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mink enteritis virus (MEV), an autonomous parvovirus, causes acute hemorrhagic enteritis in minks. The molecular pathogenesis of MEV infection has not been fully understood. In this study, we observed significantly increased apoptosis in the esophagus, small intestine, mesenteric lymph nodes, and kidney in minks experimentally infected with strain MEVB. In vitro infection of feline F81 cells with MEVB decreased cell viability and induced cell cycle arrest at G1 phase and apoptosis. By screening MEV nonstructural proteins (NS1 and NS2) and structural proteins (VP1 and VP2), we demonstrated that the MEV NS1 induced apoptosis in both F81 and human embryonic kidney 293T (HEK293T) cells, similar to that induced during MEV infection in minks. We found that the NS1 protein-induced apoptosis in HEK293T cells was mediated not by the death receptor but by the mitochondrial pathway, as demonstrated by mitochondrial depolarization, opening of mitochondrial transition pore, release of cytochrome c, and activation of caspase-9 and -3. Moreover, in NS1-transfected cells, we observed an increase of Bax expression and its translocation to the mitochondria, as well as an increased ratio of the Bax/Bcl-2, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and activated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and p53. Taken together, our results demonstrated that MEV induces apoptosis through activation of p38 MAPK and the p53-mediated mitochondrial apoptotic pathway induced by NS1 protein, which sheds light on the molecular pathogenesis of MEV infection.IMPORTANCE MEV causes fatal hemorrhagic enteritis in minks. Apoptosis is a cellular mechanism that effectively sacrifices virus-infected cells to maintain homeostasis between the virus and host. In this study, we demonstrated that MEV induces apoptosis both in vivo and in vitro Mechanistically, the viral large nonstructural protein NS1 activates p38 MAPK, which leads p53 phosphorylation to mediate the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway but not the death receptor-mediated apoptotic pathway. This is the first report to uncover the mechanism underlying MEV-induced apoptosis.
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Martinis P, Grancara S, Kanamori Y, García-Argáez AN, Pacella E, Dalla Via L, Toninello A, Agostinelli E. Involvement of the biogenic active amine agmatine in mitochondrial membrane permeabilization and release of pro-apoptotic factors. Amino Acids 2019; 52:161-169. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-019-02791-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Garlid AO, Schaffer CT, Kim J, Bhatt H, Guevara-Gonzalez V, Ping P. TAZ encodes tafazzin, a transacylase essential for cardiolipin formation and central to the etiology of Barth syndrome. Gene 2019; 726:144148. [PMID: 31647997 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.144148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Tafazzin, which is encoded by the TAZ gene, catalyzes transacylation to form mature cardiolipin and shows preference for the transfer of a linoleic acid (LA) group from phosphatidylcholine (PC) to monolysocardiolipin (MLCL) with influence from mitochondrial membrane curvature. The protein contains domains and motifs involved in targeting, anchoring, and an active site for transacylase activity. Tafazzin activity affects many aspects of mitochondrial structure and function, including that of the electron transport chain, fission-fusion, as well as apoptotic signaling. TAZ mutations are implicated in Barth syndrome, an underdiagnosed and devastating disease that primarily affects male pediatric patients with a broad spectrum of disease pathologies that impact the cardiovascular, neuromuscular, metabolic, and hematologic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders O Garlid
- Cardiovascular Data Science Training Program at UCLA, University of California at Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Physiology, University of California at Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | - Calvin T Schaffer
- Cardiovascular Data Science Training Program at UCLA, University of California at Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Physiology, University of California at Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jaewoo Kim
- Cardiovascular Data Science Training Program at UCLA, University of California at Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Physiology, University of California at Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Hirsh Bhatt
- Cardiovascular Data Science Training Program at UCLA, University of California at Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Physiology, University of California at Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Vladimir Guevara-Gonzalez
- Cardiovascular Data Science Training Program at UCLA, University of California at Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Mathematics, University of California at Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Peipei Ping
- Cardiovascular Data Science Training Program at UCLA, University of California at Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Physiology, University of California at Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Medicine/Cardiology, University of California at Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Bioinformatics, University of California at Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Scalable Analytics Institute (ScAi), University of California at Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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Zhang Y, Wang Y, Zhao Y, Gu W, Zhu Y, Wang S. Novel camphor-based pyrimidine derivatives induced cancer cell death through a ROS-mediated mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. RSC Adv 2019; 9:29711-29720. [PMID: 35531556 PMCID: PMC9071996 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra05900h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of novel camphor-based pyrimidine derivatives (3a–3x) have been synthesized; their structures were determined by using conventional methods and compound 3f was further confirmed through single crystal XRD analysis. The cytotoxic activity of the target compounds against a panel of human normal (GES-1) and cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231, RPMI-8226, A549) was evaluated by MTS assay. Here we found that compound 3f exhibited the strongest anti-tumor activity, comparable to that of etoposide, and had much lower cytotoxicity to normal GES-1 cells (IC50 > 50 μM) than the reference drug (IC50 = 8.89 μM). Subsequent mechanism studies in MDA-MB-231 cells revealed that compound 3f caused G0/G1 phase arrest and apoptosis in a dose dependent manner. Moreover, the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and enhancement of cellular ROS levels were also observed upon 3f treatment, which indicated that 3f exerted cytotoxic activity by a ROS-mediated mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. This result was confirmed by a significant increase in the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins Bax, cytochrome C and caspase-3, and downregulation of anti-apoptosis protein Bcl-2. Overall, 3f can be adopted for further investigation in the development of antitumor agents based on natural products. A series of novel camphor-based pyrimidine derivatives were synthesized and characterized. We found the compound 3f exhibited strongest anti-tumor activity via ROS-mediated mitochondrial apoptosis pathway.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing Jiangsu 210037 People's Republic of China +86 25 85427812 +86 25 85427812
| | - Yunyun Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing Jiangsu 210037 People's Republic of China +86 25 85427812 +86 25 85427812
| | - Yuxun Zhao
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing Jiangsu 210037 People's Republic of China +86 25 85427812 +86 25 85427812
| | - Wen Gu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing Jiangsu 210037 People's Republic of China +86 25 85427812 +86 25 85427812.,Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing 210037 P. R. China
| | - Yongqiang Zhu
- Jiangsu Chia Tai Fenghai Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd Nanjing 210046 P. R. China
| | - Shifa Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing Jiangsu 210037 People's Republic of China +86 25 85427812 +86 25 85427812.,Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing 210037 P. R. China
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Yuan F, Woollard JR, Jordan KL, Lerman A, Lerman LO, Eirin A. Mitochondrial targeted peptides preserve mitochondrial organization and decrease reversible myocardial changes in early swine metabolic syndrome. Cardiovasc Res 2019; 114:431-442. [PMID: 29267873 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvx245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims The mechanisms responsible for cardiac damage in the early stages of metabolic syndrome (MetS) remain unknown. Mitochondria are intimately associated with cellular myofibrils, with the cytoskeleton functioning as a linkage coordinator, and closely associated to the calcium release sites of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). We hypothesized that early MetS is characterized by mitochondria-related myocardial damage, associated with altered cytoskeletal-mitochondria-SR interaction. Methods and results Domestic pigs were studied after 16 weeks of diet-induced MetS, MetS treated for the last 4 weeks with the mitochondrial-targeted peptide elamipretide (ELAM; 0.1 mg/kg SC q.d), or Lean controls (n = 6/group). Cardiac remodeling and function were assessed by fast comuted tomography. Myocardial mitochondrial structure, SR-mitochondria interaction, calcium handling, cytoskeletal proteins, oxidative stress, and apoptosis were studied ex-vivo. MetS pigs developed hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and insulin resistance, yet cardiac function was preserved. MetS-induced mitochondrial disorganization, decreased (C18:2)4 cardiolipin, disrupted ATP/ADP balance, and decreased cytochrome-c oxidase (COX)-IV activity. MetS also increased mitochondrial hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production, decreased nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH)/NADP and GSH/GSSG, and decreased myocardial desmin and β2 tubulin immunoreactivity, and impaired SR-mitochondrial interaction and mitochondrial calcium handling, eliciting myocardial oxidative stress and apoptosis. ELAM improved mitochondrial organization and cardiolipin species profile, restored ATP/ADP ratio and COX-IV activity, decreased H202 production, and improved generation of NADPH and GSH. ELAM also improved cytoskeletal-mitochondria-SR interaction and mitochondrial calcium handling, attenuating oxidative stress, and apoptosis. Conclusions Disorganization of cardiomyocyte cytoskeletal-mitochondria-SR network is associated with cardiac reversible changes in early MetS, preceding overt cardiac dysfunction. These findings may introduce novel therapeutic targets for blunting cardiac damage in early MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Yuan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Department of Cardiology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan, PR China
| | - John R Woollard
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Kyra L Jordan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Amir Lerman
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Lilach O Lerman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Alfonso Eirin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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