1
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Seo S, Kim YA, Lee Y, Kim YJ, Kim BJ, An JH, Jin H, Do AR, Park K, Won S, Seo JH. Epigenetic link between Agent Orange exposure and type 2 diabetes in Korean veterans. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1375459. [PMID: 39072272 PMCID: PMC11272593 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1375459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Conflicting findings have been reported regarding the association between Agent Orange (AO) exposure and type 2 diabetes. This study aimed to examine whether AO exposure is associated with the development of type 2 diabetes and to verify the causal relationship between AO exposure and type 2 diabetes by combining DNA methylation with DNA genotype analyses. An epigenome-wide association study and DNA genotype analyses of the blood of AO-exposed and AO-unexposed individuals with type 2 diabetes and that of healthy controls were performed. Methylation quantitative trait locus and Mendelian randomisation analyses were performed to evaluate the causal effect of AO-exposure-identified CpGs on type 2 diabetes. AO-exposed individuals with type 2 diabetes were associated with six hypermethylated CpG sites (cg20075319, cg21757266, cg05203217, cg20102280, cg26081717, and cg21878650) and one hypo-methylated CpG site (cg07553761). Methylation quantitative trait locus analysis showed the methylation levels of some CpG sites (cg20075319, cg20102280, and cg26081717) to be significantly different. Mendelian randomisation analysis showed that CpG sites that were differentially methylated in AO-exposed individuals were causally associated with type 2 diabetes; the reverse causal effect was not significant. These findings reflect the need for further epigenetic studies on the causal relationship between AO exposure and type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujin Seo
- Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye An Kim
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Lee
- Veterans Medical Research Institute, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Jin Kim
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong-Jo Kim
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hoon An
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Heejin Jin
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ah Ra Do
- Interdisciplinary Program of Bioinformatics, College of National Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungtaek Park
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungho Won
- Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program of Bioinformatics, College of National Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Je Hyun Seo
- Veterans Medical Research Institute, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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2
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Mutchler SM, Hasan M, Murphy CP, Baty CJ, Boyd-Shiwarski C, Kirabo A, Kleyman TR. Dietary sodium alters aldosterone's effect on renal sodium transporter expression and distal convoluted tubule remodelling. J Physiol 2024; 602:967-987. [PMID: 38294810 PMCID: PMC10939779 DOI: 10.1113/jp284041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Aldosterone is responsible for maintaining volume and potassium homeostasis. Although high salt consumption should suppress aldosterone production, individuals with hyperaldosteronism lose this regulation, leading to a state of high aldosterone despite dietary sodium consumption. The present study examines the effects of elevated aldosterone, with or without high salt consumption, on the expression of key Na+ transporters and remodelling in the distal nephron. Epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) α-subunit expression was increased with aldosterone regardless of Na+ intake. However, ENaC β- and γ-subunits unexpectedly increased at both a transcript and protein level with aldosterone when high salt was present. Expression of total and phosphorylated Na+ Cl- cotransporter (NCC) significantly increased with aldosterone, in association with decreased blood [K+ ], but the addition of high salt markedly attenuated the aldosterone-dependent NCC increase, despite equally severe hypokalaemia. We hypothesized this was a result of differences in distal convoluted tubule length when salt was given with aldosterone. Imaging and measurement of the entire pNCC-positive tubule revealed that aldosterone alone caused a shortening of this segment, although the tubule had a larger cross-sectional diameter. This was not true when salt was given with aldosterone because the combination was associated with a lengthening of the tubule in addition to increased diameter, suggesting that differences in the pNCC-positive area are not responsible for differences in NCC expression. Together, our results suggest the actions of aldosterone, and the subsequent changes related to hypokalaemia, are altered in the presence of high dietary Na+ . KEY POINTS: Aldosterone regulates volume and potassium homeostasis through effects on transporters in the kidney; its production can be dysregulated, preventing its suppression by high dietary sodium intake. Here, we examined how chronic high sodium consumption affects aldosterone's regulation of sodium transporters in the distal nephron. Our results suggest that high sodium consumption with aldosterone is associated with increased expression of all three epithelial sodium channel subunits, rather than just the alpha subunit. Aldosterone and its associated decrease in blood [K+ ] lead to an increased expression of Na-Cl cotransporter (NCC); the addition of high sodium consumption with aldosterone partially attenuates this NCC expression, despite similarly low blood [K+ ]. Upstream kinase regulators and tubule remodelling do not explain these results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Carolyn P Murphy
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Catherine J Baty
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Annet Kirabo
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, and Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Thomas R Kleyman
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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3
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Sandholm N, Dahlström EH, Groop PH. Genetic and epigenetic background of diabetic kidney disease. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1163001. [PMID: 37324271 PMCID: PMC10262849 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1163001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a severe diabetic complication that affects up to half of the individuals with diabetes. Elevated blood glucose levels are a key underlying cause of DKD, but DKD is a complex multifactorial disease, which takes years to develop. Family studies have shown that inherited factors also contribute to the risk of the disease. During the last decade, genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have emerged as a powerful tool to identify genetic risk factors for DKD. In recent years, the GWASs have acquired larger number of participants, leading to increased statistical power to detect more genetic risk factors. In addition, whole-exome and whole-genome sequencing studies are emerging, aiming to identify rare genetic risk factors for DKD, as well as epigenome-wide association studies, investigating DNA methylation in relation to DKD. This article aims to review the identified genetic and epigenetic risk factors for DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niina Sandholm
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Emma H. Dahlström
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Per-Henrik Groop
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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4
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Johnston JG, Welch AK, Cain BD, Sayeski PP, Gumz ML, Wingo CS. Aldosterone: Renal Action and Physiological Effects. Compr Physiol 2023; 13:4409-4491. [PMID: 36994769 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c190043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Aldosterone exerts profound effects on renal and cardiovascular physiology. In the kidney, aldosterone acts to preserve electrolyte and acid-base balance in response to changes in dietary sodium (Na+ ) or potassium (K+ ) intake. These physiological actions, principally through activation of mineralocorticoid receptors (MRs), have important effects particularly in patients with renal and cardiovascular disease as demonstrated by multiple clinical trials. Multiple factors, be they genetic, humoral, dietary, or otherwise, can play a role in influencing the rate of aldosterone synthesis and secretion from the adrenal cortex. Normally, aldosterone secretion and action respond to dietary Na+ intake. In the kidney, the distal nephron and collecting duct are the main targets of aldosterone and MR action, which stimulates Na+ absorption in part via the epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC), the principal channel responsible for the fine-tuning of Na+ balance. Our understanding of the regulatory factors that allow aldosterone, via multiple signaling pathways, to function properly clearly implicates this hormone as central to many pathophysiological effects that become dysfunctional in disease states. Numerous pathologies that affect blood pressure (BP), electrolyte balance, and overall cardiovascular health are due to abnormal secretion of aldosterone, mutations in MR, ENaC, or effectors and modulators of their action. Study of the mechanisms of these pathologies has allowed researchers and clinicians to create novel dietary and pharmacological targets to improve human health. This article covers the regulation of aldosterone synthesis and secretion, receptors, effector molecules, and signaling pathways that modulate its action in the kidney. We also consider the role of aldosterone in disease and the benefit of mineralocorticoid antagonists. © 2023 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 13:4409-4491, 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jermaine G Johnston
- Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Renal Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Nephrology Section, Veteran Administration Medical Center, North Florida/South Georgia Malcom Randall Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Amanda K Welch
- Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Renal Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Nephrology Section, Veteran Administration Medical Center, North Florida/South Georgia Malcom Randall Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Brian D Cain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Peter P Sayeski
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Michelle L Gumz
- Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Renal Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Nephrology Section, Veteran Administration Medical Center, North Florida/South Georgia Malcom Randall Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Charles S Wingo
- Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Renal Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Nephrology Section, Veteran Administration Medical Center, North Florida/South Georgia Malcom Randall Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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5
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Prabhakar P, Pielot R, Landgraf P, Wissing J, Bayrhammer A, van Ham M, Gundelfinger ED, Jänsch L, Dieterich DC, Müller A. Monitoring regional astrocyte diversity by cell type-specific proteomic labeling in vivo. Glia 2023; 71:682-703. [PMID: 36401581 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Astrocytes exhibit regional heterogeneity in morphology, function and molecular composition to support and modulate neuronal function and signaling in a region-specific manner. To characterize regional heterogeneity of astrocytic proteomes of different brain regions we established an inducible Aldh1l1-methionyl-tRNA-synthetaseL274G (MetRSL274G ) mouse line that allows astrocyte-specific metabolic labeling of newly synthesized proteins by azidonorleucine (ANL) in vivo and subsequent isolation of tagged proteins by click chemistry. We analyzed astrocytic proteins from four different brain regions by mass spectrometry. The induced expression of MetRSL274G is restricted to astrocytes and identified proteins show a high overlap with proteins compiled in "AstroProt," a newly established database for astrocytic proteins. Gene enrichment analysis reveals a high similarity among brain regions with subtle differences in enriched biological processes and in abundances of key astrocytic proteins for hippocampus, cortex and striatum. However, the cerebellar proteome stands out with proteins being highly associated with the calcium signaling pathway or with bipolar disorder. Subregional analysis of single astrocyte TAMRA intensities in hippocampal layers indicates distinct subregional heterogeneity of astrocytes and highlights the applicability of our toolbox to study differences of astrocytic proteomes in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyadharshini Prabhakar
- Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Rainer Pielot
- Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.,Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Peter Landgraf
- Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Josef Wissing
- Cellular Proteome Research Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Anne Bayrhammer
- Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.,Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Marco van Ham
- Cellular Proteome Research Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Eckart D Gundelfinger
- Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.,Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), Magdeburg, Germany.,Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, RG Neuroplasticity, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Lothar Jänsch
- Cellular Proteome Research Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Daniela C Dieterich
- Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.,Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Anke Müller
- Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.,Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), Magdeburg, Germany
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6
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Clyne CD, Kusnadi KP, Cowcher A, Morgan J, Yang J, Fuller PJ, Young MJ. Regulation of mineralocorticoid receptor activation by circadian protein TIMELESS. J Mol Endocrinol 2023; 70:JME-21-0279. [PMID: 36099062 DOI: 10.1530/jme-21-0279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that regulates cardiorenal physiology and disease. Ligand-dependent MR transactivation involves a conformational change in the MR and recruitment of coregulatory proteins to form a unique DNA-binding complex at the hormone response element in target gene promoters. Differences in the recruitment of coregulatory proteins can promote tissue-, ligand- or gene-specific transcriptional outputs. The goal of this study was to evaluate the circadian protein TIMELESS as a selective regulator of MR transactivation. TIMELESS has an established role in cell cycle regulation and DNA repair. TIMELESS may not be central to mammalian clock function and does not bind DNA; however, RNA and protein levels oscillate over 24 h. Co-expression of TIMELESS down-regulated MR transactivation of an MR-responsive reporter in HEK293 cells, yet enhanced transactivation mediated by other steroid receptors. TIMELESS markedly inhibited MR transactivation of synthetic and native gene promoters and expression of MR target genes in H9c2 cardiac myoblasts. Immunofluorescence showed aldosterone induces colocalisation of TIMELESS and MR, although a direct interaction was not confirmed by coimmunoprecipitation. Potential regulation of circadian clock targets cryptochrome 1 and 2 by TIMELESS was not detected. However, our data suggest that these effects may involve TIMELESS coactivation of oestrogen receptor alpha (ERα). Taken together, these data suggest that TIMELESS may contribute to MR transcriptional outputs via enhancing ERα inhibitory actions on MR transactivation. Given the variable expression of TIMELESS in different cell types, these data offer new opportunities for the development of MR modulators with selective actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin D Clyne
- Centre for Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Australia
| | - Kevin P Kusnadi
- Cardiovascular Endocrinology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Alexander Cowcher
- Centre for Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Australia
| | - James Morgan
- Centre for Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Australia
| | - Jun Yang
- Centre for Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Australia
| | - Peter J Fuller
- Centre for Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Australia
| | - Morag J Young
- Cardiovascular Endocrinology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- University of Melbourne and Baker HDI Department of Cardiometabolic Health and Disease, Melbourne, Australia
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7
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Miller KJ, Asim M. Unravelling the Role of Kinases That Underpin Androgen Signalling in Prostate Cancer. Cells 2022; 11:cells11060952. [PMID: 35326402 PMCID: PMC8946764 DOI: 10.3390/cells11060952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The androgen receptor (AR) signalling pathway is the key driver in most prostate cancers (PCa), and is underpinned by several kinases both upstream and downstream of the AR. Many popular therapies for PCa that target the AR directly, however, have been circumvented by AR mutation, such as androgen receptor variants. Some upstream kinases promote AR signalling, including those which phosphorylate the AR and others that are AR-regulated, and androgen regulated kinase that can also form feed-forward activation circuits to promotes AR function. All of these kinases represent potentially druggable targets for PCa. There has generally been a divide in reviews reporting on pathways upstream of the AR and those reporting on AR-regulated genes despite the overlap that constitutes the promotion of AR signalling and PCa progression. In this review, we aim to elucidate which kinases—both upstream and AR-regulated—may be therapeutic targets and require future investigation and ongoing trials in developing kinase inhibitors for PCa.
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8
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Grossmann C, Almeida-Prieto B, Nolze A, Alvarez de la Rosa D. Structural and molecular determinants of mineralocorticoid receptor signalling. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 179:3103-3118. [PMID: 34811739 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
During the past decades, the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) has evolved from a much-overlooked member of the steroid hormone receptor family to an important player, not only in volume and electrolyte homeostasis but also in pathological changes occurring in an increasing number of tissues, especially the renal and cardiovascular systems. Simultaneously, a wealth of information about the structure, interaction partners and chromatin requirements for genomic signalling of steroid hormone receptors became available. However, much of the information for the MR has been deduced from studies of other family members and there is still a lack of knowledge about MR-specific features in ligand binding, chromatin remodelling, co-factor interactions and general MR specificity-conferring mechanisms that can completely explain the differences in pathophysiological function between MR and its closest relative, the glucocorticoid receptor. This review aims to give an overview of the current knowledge of MR structure, signalling and co-factors modulating its activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Grossmann
- Julius Bernstein Institute of Physiology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Saale, Germany
| | - Brian Almeida-Prieto
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas Básicas and Instituto de Tecnologías Biomédicas, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Alexander Nolze
- Julius Bernstein Institute of Physiology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Saale, Germany
| | - Diego Alvarez de la Rosa
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas Básicas and Instituto de Tecnologías Biomédicas, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
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9
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Bazard P, Ding B, Chittam HK, Zhu X, Parks TA, Taylor-Clark TE, Bhethanabotla VR, Frisina RD, Walton JP. Aldosterone up-regulates voltage-gated potassium currents and NKCC1 protein membrane fractions. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15604. [PMID: 32973172 PMCID: PMC7515911 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72450-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Na+-K+-2Cl- Cotransporter (NKCC1) is a protein that aids in the active transport of sodium, potassium, and chloride ions across cell membranes. It has been shown that long-term systemic treatment with aldosterone (ALD) can enhance NKCC1 protein expression and activity in the aging cochlea resulting in improved hearing. In the present work, we used a cell line with confirmed NKCC1 expression to demonstrate that in vitro application of ALD increased outward voltage-gated potassium currents significantly, and simultaneously upregulated whole lysate and membrane portion NKCC1 protein expression. These ALD-induced changes were blocked by applying the mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist eplerenone. However, application of the NKCC1 inhibitor bumetanide or the potassium channel antagonist Tetraethyl ammonium had no effect. In addition, NKKC1 mRNA levels remained stable, indicating that ALD modulates NKCC1 protein expression via the activation of mineralocorticoid receptors and post-transcriptional modifications. Further, in vitro electrophysiology experiments, with ALD in the presence of NKCC1, K+ channel and mineralocorticoid receptor inhibitors, revealed interactions between NKCC1 and outward K+ channels, mediated by a mineralocorticoid receptor-ALD complex. These results provide evidence of the therapeutic potential of ALD for the prevention/treatment of inner ear disorders such as age-related hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parveen Bazard
- Department of Medical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA
- Global Center for Hearing and Speech Research, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Bo Ding
- Department of Medical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA
- Global Center for Hearing and Speech Research, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Harish K Chittam
- Department of Medical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA
- Global Center for Hearing and Speech Research, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Xiaoxia Zhu
- Department of Medical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA
- Global Center for Hearing and Speech Research, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Thomas A Parks
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA
| | - Thomas E Taylor-Clark
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA
| | - Venkat R Bhethanabotla
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA
- Global Center for Hearing and Speech Research, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Robert D Frisina
- Department of Medical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA
- Department Communication Sciences and Disorders, College of Behavioral and Communication Sciences, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA
- Global Center for Hearing and Speech Research, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Joseph P Walton
- Department of Medical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA.
- Department Communication Sciences and Disorders, College of Behavioral and Communication Sciences, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA.
- Global Center for Hearing and Speech Research, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA.
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10
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Zhang Y, Li C, Guan C, Zhou B, Wang L, Yang C, Zhen L, Dai J, Zhao L, Jiang W, Xu Y. MiR-181d-5p Targets KLF6 to Improve Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced AKI Through Effects on Renal Function, Apoptosis, and Inflammation. Front Physiol 2020; 11:510. [PMID: 32581828 PMCID: PMC7295155 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal tubular epithelial cell (RTEC) death and renal interstitial inflammation are the most crucial pathophysiological changes in acute kidney ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI). The microRNA (miR)-181d family plays diverse roles in cell proliferation, apoptosis and inflammation, but its renal target and potential role in IRI are unknown. Here, we showed that the expression of miR-181d-5p decreased and Krueppel-like factor 6 (KLF6) increased in a renal cell (HK-2) model of hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury and a mouse model of renal IRI. They were mainly distributed in the renal tubules. After renal IRI, miR-181d-5p overexpression significantly inhibited inflammatory mediators, reduced apoptosis and further improved renal function. KLF6 exacerbated RTEC damage and acted as a NF-κB co-activator to aggravate the renal IRI inflammatory response. Mechanistically, KLF6 was predicted as a new potential target gene of miR-181d-5p through bioinformatic analysis and luciferase reporter assay verification. After overexpressing miR-181d-5p and inhibiting KLF6, the role of miR-181d-5p was weakened on the renal damage improvement. In conclusion, miR-181d-5p upregulation produced protective antiapoptotic and anti-inflammatory effects against IRI in kidneys in vivo and H/R injury in HK-2 cells in vitro, and these effects were achieved by targeted inhibition of KLF6. Thus, our results provide novel insights into the molecular mechanisms associated with IRI and a potential novel therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chenyu Li
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Nephrologisches Zentrum, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Chen Guan
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Bin Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chengyu Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Li Zhen
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jie Dai
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Long Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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11
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Chambers L, Dorrance AM. Regulation of ion channels in the microcirculation by mineralocorticoid receptor activation. CURRENT TOPICS IN MEMBRANES 2020; 85:151-185. [PMID: 32402638 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctm.2020.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) has classically been studied in the renal epithelium for its role in regulating sodium and water balance and, subsequently, blood pressure. However, the MR also plays a critical role in the microvasculature by regulating ion channel expression and function. Activation of the MR by its endogenous agonist aldosterone results in translocation of the MR into the nucleus, where it can act as a transcription factor. Although most of the actions of the aldosterone can be attributed to its genomic activity though MR activation, it can also act by nongenomic mechanisms. Activation of this ubiquitous receptor increases the expression of epithelial sodium channels (ENaC) in both the endothelium and smooth muscle cells of peripheral and cerebral vessels. MR activation also regulates activity of calcium channels, calcium-activated potassium channels, and various transient receptor potential (TRP) channels. Modification of these ion channels results in a myriad of negative consequences, including impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilation, alterations in generation of myogenic tone, and increased inflammation and oxidative stress. Taken together, these studies demonstrate the importance of studying the impact of the MR on ion channel function in the vasculature. While research in this area has made advances in recent years, there are still many large gaps in knowledge that need to be filled. Crucial future directions of study include defining the molecular mechanisms involved in this interaction, as well as elucidating the potential sex differences that may exist, as these areas of understanding are currently lacking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Chambers
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Anne M Dorrance
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States.
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12
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Anbunathan H, Verstraten R, Singh AD, Harbour JW, Bowcock AM. Integrative Copy Number Analysis of Uveal Melanoma Reveals Novel Candidate Genes Involved in Tumorigenesis Including a Tumor Suppressor Role for PHF10/BAF45a. Clin Cancer Res 2019; 25:5156-5166. [PMID: 31227497 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-3052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Uveal melanoma is a primary malignancy of the eye with oncogenic mutations in GNAQ, GNA11, or CYSLTR2, and additional mutations in BAP1 (usually associated with LOH of Chr 3), SF3B1, or EIF1AX. There are other characteristic chromosomal alterations, but their significance is not clear. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN To investigate genes driving chromosomal alterations, we integrated copy number, transcriptome, and mutation data from three cohorts and followed up key findings. RESULTS We observed significant enrichment of transcripts on chromosomes 1p, 3, 6, 8, and 16q and identified seven shared focal copy number alterations (FCNAs) on Chr 1p36, 2q37, 3, 6q25, 6q27, and 8q24. Integrated analyses revealed clusters of genes in focal copy number regions whose expression was associated with metastasis and worse overall survival. This included genes from Chr 1p36, 3p21, and 8q24.3. At Chr 6q27, we identified two tumors with homozygous deletion of PHF10/BAF45a and one with a frameshift mutation with concomitant loss of the wild-type allele. Downregulation of PHF10 in uveal melanoma cell lines and tumors altered a number of biological pathways including development and adhesion. These findings provide support for a role for PHF10 as a novel tumor suppressor at Chr 6q27. CONCLUSIONS Integration of copy number, transcriptome, and mutation data revealed novel candidate genes playing a role in uveal melanoma pathogenesis and a potential tumor suppressor role for PHF10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hima Anbunathan
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ruth Verstraten
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Arun D Singh
- Department of Ophthalmic Oncology, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - J William Harbour
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center and Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Anne M Bowcock
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom. .,Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.,Departments of Dermatology and Genetics & Genome Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
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13
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Toffoli B, Bernardi S, Winkler C, Carrascosa C, Gilardi F, Desvergne B. Renal mineralocorticoid receptor expression is reduced in lipoatrophy. FEBS Open Bio 2019; 9:328-334. [PMID: 30761257 PMCID: PMC6356154 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a condition characterized by adipose tissue hypertrophy; it is estimated that the obesity epidemic accounted for 4 million deaths in 2015 and that 70% of these were due to cardiovascular disease (CVD). One of the mechanisms linking obesity to CVD is the ability of adipose tissue to secrete circulating factors. We hypothesized that adipose tissue and its secretory products may influence mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) expression. Here, we showed that expression of MR and its downstream targets (Cnksr3, Scnn1b, and Sgk1) were significantly reduced in the kidneys of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐γ null (PpargΔ/Δ) and A‐ZIP/F‐1 (AZIPtg/+) lipoatrophic mice with respect to their controls. Intriguingly, MR expression was also found to be significantly reduced in the kidneys of genetically obese ob/ob mice. Our data suggest that adipose tissue contributes to the regulation of MR expression. Given that leptin deficiency seems to be the major feature shared by PpargΔ/Δ, AZIPtg/+, and ob/ob mice, we speculate that adipose tissue modulates MR expression through the leptin system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Toffoli
- Center for Integrative Genomics Faculty of Biology and Medicine University of Lausanne Switzerland
| | | | - Carine Winkler
- Center for Integrative Genomics Faculty of Biology and Medicine University of Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Coralie Carrascosa
- Center for Integrative Genomics Faculty of Biology and Medicine University of Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Federica Gilardi
- Center for Integrative Genomics Faculty of Biology and Medicine University of Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Béatrice Desvergne
- Center for Integrative Genomics Faculty of Biology and Medicine University of Lausanne Switzerland
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14
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Fletcher ELK, Kanki M, Morgan J, Ray DW, Delbridge L, Fuller PJ, Clyne CD, Young MJ. Cardiomyocyte transcription is controlled by combined MR and circadian clock signalling. J Endocrinol 2019; 241:JOE-18-0584.R3. [PMID: 30689544 DOI: 10.1530/joe-18-0584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
We previously identified a critical pathogenic role for MR activation in cardiomyocytes that included a potential interaction between the MR and the molecular circadian clock. While glucocorticoid regulation of the circadian clock is undisputed, MR interactions with circadian clock signalling are limited. We hypothesised that the MR influences cardiac circadian clock signalling, and vice versa. 10nM aldosterone or corticosterone regulated CRY 1, PER1, PER2 and ReverbA (NR1D1) gene expression patterns in H9c2 cells over 24hr. MR-dependent regulation of circadian gene promoters containing GREs and E-box sequences was established for CLOCK, Bmal, CRY 1 and CRY2, PER1 and PER2 and transcriptional activators CLOCK and Bmal modulated MR-dependent transcription of a subset of these promoters. We also demonstrated differential regulation of MR target gene expression in hearts of mice 4hr after administration of aldosterone at 8AM versus 8PM. Our data support combined MR regulation of a subset of circadian genes and that endogenous circadian transcription factors CLOCK and Bmal modulate this response. This unsuspected relationship links MR in the heart to circadian rhythmicity at the molecular level and has important implications for the biology of MR signalling in response to aldosterone as well as cortisol. These data are consistent with MR signalling in the brain where, like the heart, it preferentially responds to cortisol. Given the undisputed requirement for diurnal cortisol release in the entrainment of peripheral clocks, the present study highlights the MR as an important mechanism for transducing the circadian actions of cortisol in addition to the GR in the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- ELizabeth K Fletcher
- E Fletcher, Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tuft Medical Centre, Boston, United States
| | - Monica Kanki
- M Kanki, Centre for Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia
| | - James Morgan
- J Morgan, Centre for Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia
| | - David W Ray
- D Ray, Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Lea Delbridge
- L Delbridge, Dept Of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, xxx, Australia
| | - Peter James Fuller
- P Fuller, Centre for Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Colin D Clyne
- C Clyne , Cancer Drug Discovery, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Australia
| | - Morag J Young
- M Young, Cardiovascular Endocrinology, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, 3166, Australia
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15
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Abstract
Since its discovery, aldosterone and ion modulation have been entwined. While scientific investigations throughout the decades have emphasized aldosterone's connection to Na+, K+, and H+ homeostasis, more recent research has demonstrated a relationship between aldosterone and Mg2+, Ca2+, and Cl- homeostasis. The mechanisms connecting aldosterone to ion regulation frequently involve ion channels; the membrane localized proteins containing at least one aqueous pore for ion conduction. In order to precisely control intracellular or intraorganelle ion concentrations, ion channels have evolved highly specific regions within the conduction pore that select ions by charge, size, and/or dehydration energy requirement, meaning aldosterone must be able to modulate multiple ion channels to regulate the many ions described above. The list of ion channels presently connected to aldosterone includes ENaC (Na+), ROMK/BK (K+), TRPV4/5/6 (Ca2+), TRPM7/6 (Mg2+), and ClC-K/CFTR (Cl-), among others. This list is only expected to grow over time, as the promiscuity of aldosterone becomes more understood.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rhian M Touyz
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Alvin Shrier
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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16
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Yang C, Ma X, Guan G, Liu H, Yang Y, Niu Q, Wu Z, Jiang Y, Bian C, Zang Y, Zhuang L. MicroRNA-766 promotes cancer progression by targeting NR3C2 in hepatocellular carcinoma. FASEB J 2018; 33:1456-1467. [PMID: 30130435 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201801151r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported to play important roles in tumor progression of various cancers. However, the clinical significance and biologic function of miR-766 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unknown. In this study, we investigated the roles of miR-766 in HCC progression using HCC cell lines and a xenograft mouse model. miR-766 expression in tumor tissues and adjacent nontumorous liver tissues of patients with HCC was evaluated by quantitative RT-PCR. Our results showed that miR-766 promoted proliferation and metastasis of HCC cells in vitro and in vivo and that NR3C2 was a direct target of miR-766 and involved in miR-766-mediated proliferation and metastasis of HCC cells. We also found that miR-766 affected the β-catenin signaling pathway by targeting NR3C2. Furthermore, miR-766 was significantly up-regulated in HCC tissues and was correlated with the prognosis of patients with liver cancer. Taken together, our results show that miR-766 affects HCC progression by modulating NR3C2 expression and is a possible new therapeutic target for patients with HCC.-Yang, C., Ma, X., Guan, G., Liu, H., Yang, Y., Niu, Q., Wu, Z., Jiang, Y., Bian, C., Zang, Y., Zhuang, L. MicroRNA-766 promotes cancer progression by targeting NR3C2 in hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Yang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiang Ma
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ge Guan
- Organ Transplantation Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Huan Liu
- Institute of Transplantation Science, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuling Yang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qinghui Niu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zehua Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yueping Jiang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Cheng Bian
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yunjin Zang
- Organ Transplantation Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Institute of Transplantation Science, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Likun Zhuang
- Institute of Transplantation Science, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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17
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Yuan J, Zhang X, Liu C, Duan H, Li F, Xiang J. Convergent Evolution of the Osmoregulation System in Decapod Shrimps. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2017; 19:76-88. [PMID: 28204969 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-017-9729-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In adaptating to different aquatic environments, seawater (SW) and freshwater (FW) shrimps have exploited different adaptation strategies, which should generate clusters of genes with different adaptive features. However, little is known about the genetic basis of these physiological adaptations. Thus, in this study, we performed comparative transcriptomics and adaptive evolution analyses on SW and FW shrimps and found that convergent evolution may have happened on osmoregulation system of shrimps. We identified 275 and 234 positively selected genes in SW and FW shrimps, respectively, which enriched in the functions of ion-binding and membrane-bounded organelles. Among them, five (CaCC, BEST2, GPDH, NKA, and Integrin) and four (RasGAP, RhoGDI, CNK3, and ODC) osmoregulation-related genes were detected in SW and FW shrimps, respectively. All five genes in SW shrimps have been reported to have positive effects on ion transportation, whereas RasGAP and RhoGDI in FW shrimps are associated with negative control of ion transportation, and CNK3 and ODC play central roles in cation homeostasis. Besides, the phylogenetic tree reconstructed from the positively selected sites separated the SW and FW shrimps into two groups. Distinct subsets of parallel substitutions also have been found in these osmoregulation-related genes in SW and FW shrimps. Therefore, our results suggest that distinct convergent evolution may have occurred in the osmoregulation systems of SW and FW shrimps. Furthermore, positive selection of osmoregulation-related genes may be beneficial for the regulation of water and salt balance in decapod shrimps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7, Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Xiaojun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7, Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, China.
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China.
| | - Chengzhang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7, Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Hu Duan
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7, Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Fuhua Li
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7, Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Jianhai Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7, Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, China.
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China.
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18
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Dougherty EJ, Elinoff JM, Ferreyra GA, Hou A, Cai R, Sun J, Blaine KP, Wang S, Danner RL. Mineralocorticoid Receptor (MR) trans-Activation of Inflammatory AP-1 Signaling: DEPENDENCE ON DNA SEQUENCE, MR CONFORMATION, AND AP-1 FAMILY MEMBER EXPRESSION. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:23628-23644. [PMID: 27650495 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.732248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids are commonly used to treat inflammatory disorders. The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) can tether to inflammatory transcription factor complexes, such as NFκB and AP-1, and trans-repress the transcription of cytokines, chemokines, and adhesion molecules. In contrast, aldosterone and the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) primarily promote cardiovascular inflammation by incompletely understood mechanisms. Although MR has been shown to weakly repress NFκB, its role in modulating AP-1 has not been established. Here, the effects of GR and MR on NFκB and AP-1 signaling were directly compared using a variety of ligands, two different AP-1 consensus sequences, GR and MR DNA-binding domain mutants, and siRNA knockdown or overexpression of core AP-1 family members. Both GR and MR repressed an NFκB reporter without influencing p65 or p50 binding to DNA. Likewise, neither GR nor MR affected AP-1 binding, but repression or activation of AP-1 reporters occurred in a ligand-, AP-1 consensus sequence-, and AP-1 family member-specific manner. Notably, aldosterone interactions with both GR and MR demonstrated a potential to activate AP-1. DNA-binding domain mutations that eliminated the ability of GR and MR to cis-activate a hormone response element-driven reporter variably affected the strength and polarity of these responses. Importantly, MR modulation of NFκB and AP-1 signaling was consistent with a trans-mechanism, and AP-1 effects were confirmed for specific gene targets in primary human cells. Steroid nuclear receptor trans-effects on inflammatory signaling are context-dependent and influenced by nuclear receptor conformation, DNA sequence, and the expression of heterologous binding partners. Aldosterone activation of AP-1 may contribute to its proinflammatory effects in the vasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward J Dougherty
- From the Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Jason M Elinoff
- From the Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Gabriela A Ferreyra
- From the Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Angela Hou
- From the Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Rongman Cai
- From the Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Junfeng Sun
- From the Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Kevin P Blaine
- From the Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Shuibang Wang
- From the Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Robert L Danner
- From the Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
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19
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Jia G, Habibi J, Aroor AR, Martinez-Lemus LA, DeMarco VG, Ramirez-Perez FI, Sun Z, Hayden MR, Meininger GA, Mueller KB, Jaffe IZ, Sowers JR. Endothelial Mineralocorticoid Receptor Mediates Diet-Induced Aortic Stiffness in Females. Circ Res 2016; 118:935-943. [PMID: 26879229 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.115.308269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Enhanced activation of the mineralocorticoid receptors (MRs) in cardiovascular tissues increases oxidative stress, maladaptive immune responses, and inflammation with associated functional vascular abnormalities. We previously demonstrated that consumption of a Western diet (WD) for 16 weeks results in aortic stiffening, and that these abnormalities were prevented by systemic MR blockade in female mice. However, the cell-specific role of endothelial cell MR (ECMR) in these maladaptive vascular effects has not been explored. OBJECTIVE We hypothesized that specific deletion of the ECMR would prevent WD-induced increases in endothelial sodium channel activation, reductions in bioavailable nitric oxide, increased vascular remodeling, and associated increases in vascular stiffness in females. METHODS AND RESULTS Four-week-old female ECMR knockout and wild-type mice were fed either mouse chow or WD for 16 weeks. WD feeding resulted in aortic stiffness and endothelial dysfunction as determined in vivo by pulse wave velocity and ex vivo by atomic force microscopy, and wire and pressure myography. The WD-induced aortic stiffness was associated with enhanced endothelial sodium channel activation, attenuated endothelial nitric oxide synthase activation, increased oxidative stress, a proinflammatory immune response and fibrosis. Conversely, cell-specific ECMR deficiency prevented WD-induced aortic fibrosis and stiffness in conjunction with reductions in endothelial sodium channel activation, oxidative stress and macrophage proinflammatory polarization, restoration of endothelial nitric oxide synthase activation. CONCLUSIONS Increased ECMR signaling associated with consumption of a WD plays a key role in endothelial sodium channel activation, reduced nitric oxide production, oxidative stress, and inflammation that lead to aortic remodeling and stiffness in female mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghong Jia
- Diabetes and Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA.,Research Service, Harry S Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, Research Service, 800 Hospital Dr, Columbia, MO, 65201, USA
| | - Javad Habibi
- Diabetes and Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA.,Research Service, Harry S Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, Research Service, 800 Hospital Dr, Columbia, MO, 65201, USA
| | - Annayya R Aroor
- Diabetes and Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA.,Research Service, Harry S Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, Research Service, 800 Hospital Dr, Columbia, MO, 65201, USA
| | - Luis A Martinez-Lemus
- Research Service, Harry S Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, Research Service, 800 Hospital Dr, Columbia, MO, 65201, USA.,Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA.,Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA
| | - Vincent G DeMarco
- Diabetes and Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA.,Research Service, Harry S Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, Research Service, 800 Hospital Dr, Columbia, MO, 65201, USA.,Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA
| | | | - Zhe Sun
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA
| | - Melvin R Hayden
- Diabetes and Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA.,Research Service, Harry S Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, Research Service, 800 Hospital Dr, Columbia, MO, 65201, USA
| | - Gerald A Meininger
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA.,Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA
| | | | - Iris Z Jaffe
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - James R Sowers
- Diabetes and Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA.,Research Service, Harry S Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, Research Service, 800 Hospital Dr, Columbia, MO, 65201, USA.,Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA.,Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA
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20
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Nie H, Li J, Yang X, Cao Q, Feng M, Xue F, Wei L, Qin W, Gu J, Xia Q, Zhang Z. Mineralocorticoid receptor suppresses cancer progression and the Warburg effect by modulating the miR-338-3p-PKLR axis in hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatology 2015; 62:1145-59. [PMID: 26082033 PMCID: PMC4755033 DOI: 10.1002/hep.27940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Hormones and their corresponding receptors are vital in controlling metabolism under normal physiologic and pathologic conditions, but less is known about their roles in the metabolism of cancer. Using a small interfering RNA screening approach, we examined the effects of silencing 20 well-known hormone receptors on the Warburg effect, specifically by measuring the production of lactate in four established hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines. We found that silencing a variety of hormone receptors had effects on the production of this metabolite. Unexpectedly silencing of mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) significantly increased lactate production in all these HCC cell lines. Subsequent in vitro and in vivo studies showed that gain- and loss-of-function of MR significantly influenced HCC cellular proliferation, cell cycle distribution, and apoptosis. Furthermore, mechanistic studies revealed that MR as a transcriptional factor directly regulated the expression of miR-338-3p, suppressing the Warburg effects of HCC cells by targeting a key enzyme of glycolysis: pyruvate kinase, liver and red blood cells. Moreover, MR expression was significantly down-regulated in 81% of HCC patient tissues, caused by both chromosome deletion and histone deacetylation. Low expression of MR in tumor tissues was associated with poor patient prognosis. The expression level of miR-338-3p was found to positively correlate with the expression of MR in HCC tissues and to inversely correlate with expression of the enzyme pyruvate kinase, liver and red blood cells. CONCLUSION MR affects HCC development by modulating the miR-338-3p/pyruvate kinase, liver and red blood cells axis with an ability to suppress the Warburg effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huizhen Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesShanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesShanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xiao‐Mei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesShanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Qing‐Zhen Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesShanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Ming‐Xuan Feng
- Department of Liver SurgeryRen Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Feng Xue
- Department of Liver SurgeryRen Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Lin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesShanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Wenxin Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesShanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jianren Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesShanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Qiang Xia
- Department of Liver SurgeryRen Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Zhi‐Gang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesShanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
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21
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Iyengar SK, Sedor JR, Freedman BI, Kao WHL, Kretzler M, Keller BJ, Abboud HE, Adler SG, Best LG, Bowden DW, Burlock A, Chen YDI, Cole SA, Comeau ME, Curtis JM, Divers J, Drechsler C, Duggirala R, Elston RC, Guo X, Huang H, Hoffmann MM, Howard BV, Ipp E, Kimmel PL, Klag MJ, Knowler WC, Kohn OF, Leak TS, Leehey DJ, Li M, Malhotra A, März W, Nair V, Nelson RG, Nicholas SB, O’Brien SJ, Pahl MV, Parekh RS, Pezzolesi MG, Rasooly RS, Rotimi CN, Rotter JI, Schelling JR, Seldin MF, Shah VO, Smiles AM, Smith MW, Taylor KD, Thameem F, Thornley-Brown DP, Truitt BJ, Wanner C, Weil EJ, Winkler CA, Zager PG, Igo RP, Hanson RL, Langefeld CD. Genome-Wide Association and Trans-ethnic Meta-Analysis for Advanced Diabetic Kidney Disease: Family Investigation of Nephropathy and Diabetes (FIND). PLoS Genet 2015; 11:e1005352. [PMID: 26305897 PMCID: PMC4549309 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1005352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the most common etiology of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the industrialized world and accounts for much of the excess mortality in patients with diabetes mellitus. Approximately 45% of U.S. patients with incident end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) have DKD. Independent of glycemic control, DKD aggregates in families and has higher incidence rates in African, Mexican, and American Indian ancestral groups relative to European populations. The Family Investigation of Nephropathy and Diabetes (FIND) performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) contrasting 6,197 unrelated individuals with advanced DKD with healthy and diabetic individuals lacking nephropathy of European American, African American, Mexican American, or American Indian ancestry. A large-scale replication and trans-ethnic meta-analysis included 7,539 additional European American, African American and American Indian DKD cases and non-nephropathy controls. Within ethnic group meta-analysis of discovery GWAS and replication set results identified genome-wide significant evidence for association between DKD and rs12523822 on chromosome 6q25.2 in American Indians (P = 5.74x10-9). The strongest signal of association in the trans-ethnic meta-analysis was with a SNP in strong linkage disequilibrium with rs12523822 (rs955333; P = 1.31x10-8), with directionally consistent results across ethnic groups. These 6q25.2 SNPs are located between the SCAF8 and CNKSR3 genes, a region with DKD relevant changes in gene expression and an eQTL with IPCEF1, a gene co-translated with CNKSR3. Several other SNPs demonstrated suggestive evidence of association with DKD, within and across populations. These data identify a novel DKD susceptibility locus with consistent directions of effect across diverse ancestral groups and provide insight into the genetic architecture of DKD. Type 2 diabetes is the most common cause of severe kidney disease worldwide and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) associates with premature death. Individuals of non-European ancestry have the highest burden of type 2 DKD; hence understanding the causes of DKD remains critical to reducing health disparities. Family studies demonstrate that genes regulate the onset and progression of DKD; however, identifying these genes has proven to be challenging. The Family Investigation of Diabetes and Nephropathy consortium (FIND) recruited a large multi-ethnic collection of individuals with type 2 diabetes with and without kidney disease in order to detect genes associated with DKD. FIND discovered and replicated a DKD-associated genetic locus on human chromosome 6q25.2 (rs955333) between the SCAF8 and CNKSR genes. Findings were supported by significantly different expression of genes in this region from kidney tissue of subjects with, versus without DKD. The present findings identify a novel kidney disease susceptibility locus in individuals with type 2 diabetes which is consistent across subjects of differing ancestries. In addition, FIND results provide a rich catalogue of genetic variation in DKD patients for future research on the genetic architecture regulating this common and devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudha K. Iyengar
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail: (SKI); (JRS); (BIF)
| | - John R. Sedor
- Departments of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Departments of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail: (SKI); (JRS); (BIF)
| | - Barry I. Freedman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Nephrology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail: (SKI); (JRS); (BIF)
| | - W. H. Linda Kao
- Department of Epidemiology and Medicine, John Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Matthias Kretzler
- Department of Internal Medicine/Nephrology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Benjamin J. Keller
- Department of Internal Medicine/Nephrology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Hanna E. Abboud
- Department of Medicine/Nephrology, The University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | - Sharon G. Adler
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, United States of America
| | - Lyle G. Best
- Missouri Breaks Industries Research, Timber Lake, South Dakota, United States of America
| | - Donald W. Bowden
- Department of Biochemistry, Center for Human Genomics, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Allison Burlock
- Department of Internal Medicine/Nephrology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Yii-Der Ida Chen
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, United States of America
| | - Shelley A. Cole
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | - Mary E. Comeau
- Center for Public Health Genomics and Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey M. Curtis
- National Institutes of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Jasmin Divers
- Center for Public Health Genomics and Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, United States of America
| | - Christiane Drechsler
- University Hospital Würzburg, Renal Division and Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ravi Duggirala
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | - Robert C. Elston
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, United States of America
| | - Huateng Huang
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | | | - Barbara V. Howard
- MedStar Health Research Institute, Hyattsville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Eli Ipp
- Department of Medicine, Section of Diabetes and Metabolism, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, United States of America
| | - Paul L. Kimmel
- Division of Kidney, Urologic, and Hematologic Diseases, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Michael J. Klag
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - William C. Knowler
- National Institutes of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Orly F. Kohn
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Tennille S. Leak
- Department of Internal Medicine/Nephrology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - David J. Leehey
- Department of Medicine, Loyola School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Man Li
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Alka Malhotra
- National Institutes of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Winfried März
- Heidelberg University and Synlab Academy, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Viji Nair
- Department of Internal Medicine/Nephrology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Robert G. Nelson
- National Institutes of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Susanne B. Nicholas
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Stephen J. O’Brien
- Theodosius Dobzhansky Center for Genome Bioinformatics, St. Petersburg, Russia, and Oceanographic Center, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, Florida, United States of America
| | - Madeleine V. Pahl
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - Rulan S. Parekh
- Departments of Paediatrics and Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, University Health Network and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marcus G. Pezzolesi
- Department of Medicine, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Rebekah S. Rasooly
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Charles N. Rotimi
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jerome I. Rotter
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey R. Schelling
- Departments of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Michael F. Seldin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, UC Davis School of Medicine, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Vallabh O. Shah
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - Adam M. Smiles
- Joslin Diabetes Center, Section on Genetics and Epidemiology, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Michael W. Smith
- National Human Genome Research Institute, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Kent D. Taylor
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, United States of America
| | - Farook Thameem
- Department of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | | | - Barbara J. Truitt
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Christoph Wanner
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - E. Jennifer Weil
- National Institutes of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Cheryl A. Winkler
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Philip G. Zager
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - Robert P. Igo
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Robert L. Hanson
- National Institutes of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Carl D. Langefeld
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, United States of America
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Barton M, Meyer MR. Nicolaus Copernicus and the rapid vascular responses to aldosterone. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2015; 26:396-8. [PMID: 26088671 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2015.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2015] [Revised: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
For decades, rapid steroid responses initiated by membrane receptors have been a primary research focus. G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) is activated by 17β-estradiol and participates in functional crosstalk with other steroid receptors. With reference to the physician and astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus (1473-1543), who used rigorous scientific approaches to shift paradigms and change dogma, we discuss whether GPER can also be considered an aldosterone receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Barton
- Molecular Internal Medicine, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
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23
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Le Billan F, Khan JA, Lamribet K, Viengchareun S, Bouligand J, Fagart J, Lombès M. Cistrome of the aldosterone-activated mineralocorticoid receptor in human renal cells. FASEB J 2015; 29:3977-89. [PMID: 26054365 DOI: 10.1096/fj.15-274266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Aldosterone exerts its effects mainly by activating the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR), a transcription factor that regulates gene expression through complex and dynamic interactions with coregulators and transcriptional machinery, leading to fine-tuned control of vectorial ionic transport in the distal nephron. To identify genome-wide aldosterone-regulated MR targets in human renal cells, we set up a chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay by using a specific anti-MR antibody in a differentiated human renal cell line expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP)-MR. This approach, coupled with high-throughput sequencing, allowed identification of 974 genomic MR targets. Computational analysis identified an MR response element (MRE) including single or multiple half-sites and palindromic motifs in which the AGtACAgxatGTtCt sequence was the most prevalent motif. Most genomic MR-binding sites (MBSs) are located >10 kb from the transcriptional start sites of target genes (84%). Specific aldosterone-induced recruitment of MR on the first most relevant genomic sequences was further validated by ChIP-quantitative (q)PCR and correlated with concomitant and positive aldosterone-activated transcriptional regulation of the corresponding gene, as assayed by RT-qPCR. It was notable that most MBSs lacked MREs but harbored DNA recognition motifs for other transcription factors (FOX, EGR1, AP1, PAX5) suggesting functional interaction. This work provides new insights into aldosterone MR-mediated renal signaling and opens relevant perspectives for mineralocorticoid-related pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Le Billan
- *Unité 1185, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, Unité Mixte de Recherche-S1185, Université Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; and Service de Génétique Moléculaire, Pharmacogénétique et d'Hormonologie and Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Junaid A Khan
- *Unité 1185, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, Unité Mixte de Recherche-S1185, Université Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; and Service de Génétique Moléculaire, Pharmacogénétique et d'Hormonologie and Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Khadija Lamribet
- *Unité 1185, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, Unité Mixte de Recherche-S1185, Université Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; and Service de Génétique Moléculaire, Pharmacogénétique et d'Hormonologie and Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Say Viengchareun
- *Unité 1185, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, Unité Mixte de Recherche-S1185, Université Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; and Service de Génétique Moléculaire, Pharmacogénétique et d'Hormonologie and Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Jérôme Bouligand
- *Unité 1185, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, Unité Mixte de Recherche-S1185, Université Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; and Service de Génétique Moléculaire, Pharmacogénétique et d'Hormonologie and Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Jérôme Fagart
- *Unité 1185, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, Unité Mixte de Recherche-S1185, Université Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; and Service de Génétique Moléculaire, Pharmacogénétique et d'Hormonologie and Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Marc Lombès
- *Unité 1185, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, Unité Mixte de Recherche-S1185, Université Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; and Service de Génétique Moléculaire, Pharmacogénétique et d'Hormonologie and Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
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24
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Yang J, Fuller PJ, Morgan J, Shibata H, Clyne CD, Young MJ. GEMIN4 functions as a coregulator of the mineralocorticoid receptor. J Mol Endocrinol 2015; 54:149-60. [PMID: 25555524 DOI: 10.1530/jme-14-0078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) is a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily. Pathological activation of the MR causes cardiac fibrosis and heart failure, but clinical use of MR antagonists is limited by the renal side effect of hyperkalemia. Coregulator proteins are known to be critical for nuclear receptor-mediated gene expression. Identification of coregulators, which mediate MR activity in a tissue-specific manner, may allow for the development of novel tissue-selective MR modulators that confer cardiac protection without adverse renal effects. Our earlier studies identified a consensus motif among MR-interacting peptides, MPxLxxLL. Gem (nuclear organelle)-associated protein 4 (GEMIN4) is one of the proteins that contain this motif. Transient transfection experiments in HEK293 and H9c2 cells demonstrated that GEMIN4 repressed agonist-induced MR transactivation in a cell-specific manner. Furthermore, overexpression of GEMIN4 significantly decreased, while knockdown of GEMIN4 increased, the mRNA expression of specific endogenous MR target genes. A physical interaction between GEMIN4 and MR is suggested by their nuclear co-localization upon agonist treatment. These findings indicate that GEMIN4 functions as a novel coregulator of the MR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yang
- MIMR-PHI InstitutePO Box 5152, Clayton, Victoria 3168, AustraliaDepartment of MedicineMonash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, AustraliaDepartment of EndocrinologyMetabolism, Rheumatology and Nephrology, Oita University, Yufu 879-5593, Japan MIMR-PHI InstitutePO Box 5152, Clayton, Victoria 3168, AustraliaDepartment of MedicineMonash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, AustraliaDepartment of EndocrinologyMetabolism, Rheumatology and Nephrology, Oita University, Yufu 879-5593, Japan
| | - Peter J Fuller
- MIMR-PHI InstitutePO Box 5152, Clayton, Victoria 3168, AustraliaDepartment of MedicineMonash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, AustraliaDepartment of EndocrinologyMetabolism, Rheumatology and Nephrology, Oita University, Yufu 879-5593, Japan MIMR-PHI InstitutePO Box 5152, Clayton, Victoria 3168, AustraliaDepartment of MedicineMonash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, AustraliaDepartment of EndocrinologyMetabolism, Rheumatology and Nephrology, Oita University, Yufu 879-5593, Japan
| | - James Morgan
- MIMR-PHI InstitutePO Box 5152, Clayton, Victoria 3168, AustraliaDepartment of MedicineMonash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, AustraliaDepartment of EndocrinologyMetabolism, Rheumatology and Nephrology, Oita University, Yufu 879-5593, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Shibata
- MIMR-PHI InstitutePO Box 5152, Clayton, Victoria 3168, AustraliaDepartment of MedicineMonash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, AustraliaDepartment of EndocrinologyMetabolism, Rheumatology and Nephrology, Oita University, Yufu 879-5593, Japan
| | - Colin D Clyne
- MIMR-PHI InstitutePO Box 5152, Clayton, Victoria 3168, AustraliaDepartment of MedicineMonash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, AustraliaDepartment of EndocrinologyMetabolism, Rheumatology and Nephrology, Oita University, Yufu 879-5593, Japan
| | - Morag J Young
- MIMR-PHI InstitutePO Box 5152, Clayton, Victoria 3168, AustraliaDepartment of MedicineMonash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, AustraliaDepartment of EndocrinologyMetabolism, Rheumatology and Nephrology, Oita University, Yufu 879-5593, Japan MIMR-PHI InstitutePO Box 5152, Clayton, Victoria 3168, AustraliaDepartment of MedicineMonash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, AustraliaDepartment of EndocrinologyMetabolism, Rheumatology and Nephrology, Oita University, Yufu 879-5593, Japan
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25
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Rossier BC, Baker ME, Studer RA. Epithelial sodium transport and its control by aldosterone: the story of our internal environment revisited. Physiol Rev 2015; 95:297-340. [PMID: 25540145 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00011.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcription and translation require a high concentration of potassium across the entire tree of life. The conservation of a high intracellular potassium was an absolute requirement for the evolution of life on Earth. This was achieved by the interplay of P- and V-ATPases that can set up electrochemical gradients across the cell membrane, an energetically costly process requiring the synthesis of ATP by F-ATPases. In animals, the control of an extracellular compartment was achieved by the emergence of multicellular organisms able to produce tight epithelial barriers creating a stable extracellular milieu. Finally, the adaptation to a terrestrian environment was achieved by the evolution of distinct regulatory pathways allowing salt and water conservation. In this review we emphasize the critical and dual role of Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase in the control of the ionic composition of the extracellular fluid and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in salt and water conservation in vertebrates. The action of aldosterone on transepithelial sodium transport by activation of the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) at the apical membrane and that of Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase at the basolateral membrane may have evolved in lungfish before the emergence of tetrapods. Finally, we discuss the implication of RAAS in the origin of the present pandemia of hypertension and its associated cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernard C Rossier
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Division of Nephrology-Hypertension, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; and Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Division of Biosciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Michael E Baker
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Division of Nephrology-Hypertension, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; and Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Division of Biosciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Romain A Studer
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Division of Nephrology-Hypertension, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; and Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Division of Biosciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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26
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Yang J, Fuller PJ, Morgan J, Shibata H, McDonnell DP, Clyne CD, Young MJ. Use of phage display to identify novel mineralocorticoid receptor-interacting proteins. Mol Endocrinol 2014; 28:1571-84. [PMID: 25000480 DOI: 10.1210/me.2014-1101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) plays a central role in salt and water homeostasis via the kidney; however, inappropriate activation of the MR in the heart can lead to heart failure. A selective MR modulator that antagonizes MR signaling in the heart but not the kidney would provide the cardiovascular protection of current MR antagonists but allow for normal electrolyte balance. The development of such a pharmaceutical requires an understanding of coregulators and their tissue-selective interactions with the MR, which is currently limited by the small repertoire of MR coregulators described in the literature. To identify potential novel MR coregulators, we used T7 phage display to screen tissue-selective cDNA libraries for MR-interacting proteins. Thirty MR binding peptides were identified, from which three were chosen for further characterization based on their nuclear localization and their interaction with other MR-interacting proteins or, in the case of x-ray repair cross-complementing protein 6, its known status as an androgen receptor coregulator. Eukaryotic elongation factor 1A1, structure-specific recognition protein 1, and x-ray repair cross-complementing protein 6 modulated MR-mediated transcription in a ligand-, cell- and/or promoter-specific manner and colocalized with the MR upon agonist treatment when imaged using immunofluorescence microscopy. These results highlight the utility of phage display for rapid and sensitive screening of MR binding proteins and suggest that eukaryotic elongation factor 1A1, structure-specific recognition protein 1, and x-ray repair cross-complementing protein 6 may be potential MR coactivators whose activity is dependent on the ligand, cellular context, and target gene promoter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yang
- MIMR-PHI Medical Research Institute (J.Y., P.J.F., J.M., C.D.C., M.J.Y.), Department of Medicine (J.Y., P.J.F., M.J.Y.), Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia; Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, Rheumatology, and Nephrology (H.S.), Oita University, Yufu 879-5593, Japan; and Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology (D.P.M.), Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
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27
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Rogerson FM, Yao Y, Young MJ, Fuller PJ. Identification and characterization of a ligand‐selective mineralocorticoid receptor coactivator. FASEB J 2014; 28:4200-10. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.13-242479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yi‐Zhou Yao
- Prince Henry's Institute of Medical ResearchClaytonVictoriaAustralia
| | - Morag J. Young
- Prince Henry's Institute of Medical ResearchClaytonVictoriaAustralia
| | - Peter J. Fuller
- Prince Henry's Institute of Medical ResearchClaytonVictoriaAustralia
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28
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O’Hara B, de la Rosa DA, Rajendran VM. Multiple mineralocorticoid response elements localized in different introns regulate intermediate conductance K+ (Kcnn4) channel expression in the rat distal colon. PLoS One 2014; 9:e98695. [PMID: 24901797 PMCID: PMC4047071 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2013] [Accepted: 05/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
An elevated plasma aldosterone and an increased expression of the intermediate conductance K+ (IK/Kcnn4) channels are linked in colon. This observation suggests that the expression of Kcnn4 gene is controlled through the action of aldosterone on its cognate receptor (i.e., mineralocorticoid receptor; MR). In order to establish this, we performed chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay to identify the MR response elements (MREs) in a region that spanned 20 kb upstream and 10 kb downstream of the presumed transcription start site (TSS) using chromatin from the colonic epithelial cells of normal and aldosterone-treated rats. MREs were immunoprecipitated in an approximately 5 kb region that spanned the first and second introns in the aldosterone rats. These regions were individually cloned in luciferase-expression vector lacking enhancer activity. These clones were tested for enhancer activity in vitro by transfecting in HEK293T and CaCo2 cells with MR and aldosterone treatment. At least four regions were found to be responsive to the MR and aldosterone. Two regions were identified to contain MREs using bioinformatics tools. These clones lost their enhancer activity after mutation of the presumptive MREs, and thus, established the functionality of the MREs. The third and fourth clones did not contain any bioinformatically obvious MREs. Further, they lost their activity upon additional sub-cloning, which suggest cooperativity between the regions that were separated upon sub-cloning. These results demonstrate the presence of intronic MREs in Kcnn4 and suggest a highly cooperative interaction between multiple intronic response elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan O’Hara
- Department of Biochemistry, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia, United States of America
| | | | - Vazhaikkurichi M. Rajendran
- Department of Biochemistry, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Ueda K, Fujiki K, Shirahige K, Gomez-Sanchez CE, Fujita T, Nangaku M, Nagase M. Genome-wide analysis of murine renal distal convoluted tubular cells for the target genes of mineralocorticoid receptor. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 445:132-7. [PMID: 24491541 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.01.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2014] [Accepted: 01/25/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) is a member of nuclear receptor family proteins and contributes to fluid homeostasis in the kidney. Although aldosterone-MR pathway induces several gene expressions in the kidney, it is often unclear whether the gene expressions are accompanied by direct regulations of MR through its binding to the regulatory region of each gene. The purpose of this study is to identify the direct target genes of MR in a murine distal convoluted tubular epithelial cell-line (mDCT). METHODS We analyzed the DNA samples of mDCT cells overexpressing 3xFLAG-hMR after treatment with 10(-7)M aldosterone for 1h by chromatin immunoprecipitation with deep-sequence (ChIP-seq) and mRNA of the cell-line with treatment of 10(-7)M aldosterone for 3h by microarray. RESULTS 3xFLAG-hMR overexpressed in mDCT cells accumulated in the nucleus in response to 10(-9)M aldosterone. Twenty-five genes were indicated as the candidate target genes of MR by ChIP-seq and microarray analyses. Five genes, Sgk1, Fkbp5, Rasl12, Tns1 and Tsc22d3 (Gilz), were validated as the direct target genes of MR by quantitative RT-qPCR and ChIP-qPCR. MR binding regions adjacent to Ctgf and Serpine1 were also validated. CONCLUSIONS We, for the first time, captured the genome-wide distribution of MR in mDCT cells and, furthermore, identified five MR target genes in the cell-line. These results will contribute to further studies on the mechanisms of kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Ueda
- Department of Nephrology and Endocrinology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsunori Fujiki
- Research Center for Epigenetic Disease, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Shirahige
- Research Center for Epigenetic Disease, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Celso E Gomez-Sanchez
- Endocrine Section, G.V. (Sonny) Montgomery VA Medical Center, MS, USA; Endocrinology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, MS, USA
| | - Toshiro Fujita
- Division of Clinical Epigenetics, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaomi Nangaku
- Department of Nephrology and Endocrinology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Miki Nagase
- Department of Nephrology and Endocrinology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Anatomy and Life Structure, School of Medicine Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan.
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30
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Petrovich E, Asher C, Garty H. Induction of FKBP51 by aldosterone in intestinal epithelium. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2014; 139:78-87. [PMID: 24139875 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2013.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2013] [Revised: 09/10/2013] [Accepted: 10/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Screening female rat distal colon preparations for aldosterone-induced genes identified the Hsp90-binding immunophilin FKBP51 as a major aldosterone-induced mRNA and protein. Limited induction of FKBP51 was observed also in other aldosterone-responsive tissues such as kidney medulla and heart. Ex vivo measurements in colonic tissue have characterized time course, dose response and receptor specificity of the induction of FKBP51. FKBP51 mRNA and protein were strongly up regulated by physiological concentrations of aldosterone in a late (greater than 2.5h) response to the hormone. Maximal increase in FKBP51 mRNA requires aldosterone concentrations that are higher than those needed to fully occupy the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR). Yet, the response is fully inhibited by the MR antagonist spironolactone and not inhibited and even stimulated by the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) antagonist RU486. These and related findings cannot be explained by a simple activation and dimerization of either MR or GR but are in agreement with response mediated by an MR-GR heterodimer. Overexpression or silencing FKBP51 in the kidney collecting duct cell line M1 had little or no effect on the aldosterone-induced increase in transepithelial Na(+) transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Petrovich
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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31
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Wildner G, Kaufmann U. What causes relapses of autoimmune diseases? The etiological role of autoreactive T cells. Autoimmun Rev 2013; 12:1070-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2013.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2013] [Accepted: 04/25/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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32
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Drüppel V, Kusche-Vihrog K, Grossmann C, Gekle M, Kasprzak B, Brand E, Pavenstädt H, Oberleithner H, Kliche K. Long-term application of the aldosterone antagonist spironolactone prevents stiff endothelial cell syndrome. FASEB J 2013; 27:3652-9. [PMID: 23729588 DOI: 10.1096/fj.13-228312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Aldosterone triggers the stiff endothelial cell syndrome (SECS), characterized by an up-regulation of epithelial sodium channels (ENaCs) and mechanical stiffening of the endothelial cell cortex accompanied by endothelial dysfunction. In vivo, aldosterone antagonism exerts sustained protection on the cardiovascular system. To illuminate the molecular mechanisms of this time-dependent effect, a study on endothelial cells in vitro and ex vivo was designed to investigate SECS over time. Endothelia (from human umbilical veins, bovine aortae, and explants of human arteries) were cultured in aldosterone-supplemented medium with or without the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) antagonist spironolactone. MR expression, ENaC expression, cortical stiffness, and shear-mediated nitric oxide (NO) release were determined after 3 d (short term) and up to 24 d (long term). Over time, MR expression increased by 129%. ENaC expression and surface abundance increased by 32% and 42% (13.8 to 19.6 molecules per cell surface), paralleled by a 49% rise in stiffness. Spironolactone prevented this development and, after 3 wk of treatment, increased NO release by 50%. Thus, spironolactone improves endothelial function long-lastingly by preventing a time-dependent manifestation of SECS. This emphasizes the key role of vascular endothelium as a therapeutical target in cardiovascular disorders and might explain blood pressure independent actions of MR antagonism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Drüppel
- Institute of Physiology II, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
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33
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Widmaier M, Rognoni E, Radovanac K, Azimifar SB, Fässler R. Integrin-linked kinase at a glance. J Cell Sci 2013; 125:1839-43. [PMID: 22637643 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.093864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Widmaier
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Department of Molecular Medicine, Martinsried, Germany
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34
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Hernández-Díaz I, Giraldez T, Morales S, Hernandez G, Salido E, Canessa CM, Alvarez de la Rosa D. Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2/B1 is a tissue-specific aldosterone target gene with prominent induction in the rat distal colon. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2013; 304:G122-31. [PMID: 23139218 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00130.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The steroid hormone aldosterone enhances transepithelial Na(+) reabsorption in tight epithelia and is crucial to achieve extracellular volume homeostasis and control of blood pressure. One of the main transport pathways regulated by aldosterone involves the epithelial Na(+) channel (ENaC), which constitutes the rate-limiting step of Na(+) reabsorption in parts of the distal nephron and the collecting duct, the distal colon, and sweat and salivary glands. Although these epithelial tissues share the same receptor for aldosterone (mineralocorticoid receptor, MR), and the same transport system (ENaC), it has become clear that the molecular mechanisms involved in the modulation of channel activity are tissue-specific. Recent evidence suggests that aldosterone controls transcription and also translation of ENaC subunits in some cell types. A possible pathway for translational regulation is binding of regulatory proteins to ENaC subunit mRNAs, such as the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2/B1 (hnRNP A2/B1). In this study, we examined whether hnRNP A2/B1 is an aldosterone-target gene in vivo. Our data show that physiological levels of aldosterone markedly induce hnRNP A2/B1 expression in an early and sustained manner in the late distal colon epithelium but not in other aldosterone-target tissues. The effect depends on MR but not on glucocorticoid receptor activity. We also demonstrate that the genomic region upstream of hnRNP A2/B1 contains aldosterone-responsive elements involved in the control of gene expression. We hypothesize that hnRNP A2/B1 is involved in the tissue-specific regulation of ENaC biosynthesis and may coordinate the response of other genes relevant for transepithelial Na(+) reabsorption by aldosterone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván Hernández-Díaz
- Department of Physiology and Instituto de Tecnologías Biomédicas, University of La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
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35
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Kuntzsch D, Bergann T, Dames P, Fromm A, Fromm M, Davis RA, Melzig MF, Schulzke JD. The plant-derived glucocorticoid receptor agonist Endiandrin A acts as co-stimulator of colonic epithelial sodium channels (ENaC) via SGK-1 and MAPKs. PLoS One 2012; 7:e49426. [PMID: 23152905 PMCID: PMC3496671 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0049426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2012] [Accepted: 10/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In a search for secondary plant compounds that bind to the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), the cyclobutane lignan endiandrin A was discovered from the rainforest tree Endiandra anthropophagorum Domin. Our present study aims to characterize the effect of endiandrin A on GR-dependent induction of colonic sodium transport. The effect of endiandrin A was analyzed in GR-expressing colonic HT-29/B6 cells (HT-29/B6-GR). GR transactivation and subcellular localization were investigated by reporter gene assay and immunofluorescence. Epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) was analyzed by qRT-PCR and by measuring amiloride-sensitive short-circuit current (Isc) in Ussing chambers. Endiandrin A (End A) has been identified as GR receptor binder. However, it did not cause significant GR transactivation as pGRE-luciferase activity was only 7% of that of the maximum effect of dexamethasone. Interestingly, endiandrin A had a significant impact on dexamethasone-dependent sodium absorption in cells co-exposed to tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. This was in part due to up-regulation of β- and γ-ENaC subunit expression. Endiandrin A potentiated GR-mediated transcription by increasing GR protein expression and phosphorylation. It inhibited c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) activation induced by dexamethasone and/or TNF-α and increased levels of GR localized to the nucleus. Additionally, endiandrin A increased the serum- and glucocorticoid-induced kinase (sgk)-1 via activation of p38. Finally, the regulation of ENaC function by endiandrin A was confirmed in rat native colon. In conclusion, endiandrin A potentiates glucocorticoid-driven activation of colonic epithelial sodium channels via JNK inhibition and p38 activation due to transcriptional up-regulation of β- and γ-ENaC-subunits along with induction of sgk-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Kuntzsch
- Department of Gastroenterology, Division of Nutritional Medicine, Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Theresa Bergann
- Department of Gastroenterology, Division of Nutritional Medicine, Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Petra Dames
- Department of Gastroenterology, Division of Nutritional Medicine, Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anja Fromm
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Fromm
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rohan A. Davis
- Eskitis Institute, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Matthias F. Melzig
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Joerg D. Schulzke
- Department of Gastroenterology, Division of Nutritional Medicine, Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Bagamasbad P, Ziera T, Borden SA, Bonett RM, Rozeboom AM, Seasholtz A, Denver RJ. Molecular basis for glucocorticoid induction of the Kruppel-like factor 9 gene in hippocampal neurons. Endocrinology 2012; 153:5334-45. [PMID: 22962255 PMCID: PMC3473204 DOI: 10.1210/en.2012-1303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2012] [Accepted: 08/08/2012] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Stress has complex effects on hippocampal structure and function, which consequently affects learning and memory. These effects are mediated in part by circulating glucocorticoids (GC) acting via the intracellular GC receptor (GR) and mineralocorticoid receptor (MR). Here, we investigated GC regulation of Krüppel-like factor 9 (KLF9), a transcription factor implicated in neuronal development and plasticity. Injection of corticosterone (CORT) in postnatal d 6 and 30 mice increased Klf9 mRNA and heteronuclear RNA by 1 h in the hippocampal region. Treatment of the mouse hippocampal cell line HT-22 with CORT caused a time- and dose-dependent increase in Klf9 mRNA. The CORT induction of Klf9 was resistant to protein synthesis inhibition, suggesting that Klf9 is a direct CORT-response gene. In support of this hypothesis, we identified two GR/MR response elements (GRE/MRE) located -6.1 and -5.3 kb relative to the transcription start site, and we verified their functionality by enhancer-reporter, gel shift, and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays. The -5.3-kb GRE/MRE is largely conserved across tetrapods, but conserved orthologs of the -6.1-kb GRE/MRE were only detected in therian mammals. GC treatment caused recruitment of the GR, histone hyperacetylation, and nucleosome removal at Klf9 upstream regions. Our findings support a predominant role for GR, with a minor contribution of MR, in the direct regulation of Klf9 acting via two GRE/MRE located in the 5'-flanking region of the gene. KLF9 may play a key role in GC actions on hippocampal development and plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia Bagamasbad
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 48109-1048, USA
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37
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Kerns SL, Stock R, Stone N, Buckstein M, Shao Y, Campbell C, Rath L, De Ruysscher D, Lammering G, Hixson R, Cesaretti J, Terk M, Ostrer H, Rosenstein BS. A 2-stage genome-wide association study to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with development of erectile dysfunction following radiation therapy for prostate cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2012; 85:e21-8. [PMID: 23021708 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2012.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2012] [Revised: 07/31/2012] [Accepted: 08/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with development of erectile dysfunction (ED) among prostate cancer patients treated with radiation therapy. METHODS AND MATERIALS A 2-stage genome-wide association study was performed. Patients were split randomly into a stage I discovery cohort (132 cases, 103 controls) and a stage II replication cohort (128 cases, 102 controls). The discovery cohort was genotyped using Affymetrix 6.0 genome-wide arrays. The 940 top ranking SNPs selected from the discovery cohort were genotyped in the replication cohort using Illumina iSelect custom SNP arrays. RESULTS Twelve SNPs identified in the discovery cohort and validated in the replication cohort were associated with development of ED following radiation therapy (Fisher combined P values 2.1×10(-5) to 6.2×10(-4)). Notably, these 12 SNPs lie in or near genes involved in erectile function or other normal cellular functions (adhesion and signaling) rather than DNA damage repair. In a multivariable model including nongenetic risk factors, the odds ratios for these SNPs ranged from 1.6 to 5.6 in the pooled cohort. There was a striking relationship between the cumulative number of SNP risk alleles an individual possessed and ED status (Sommers' D P value=1.7×10(-29)). A 1-allele increase in cumulative SNP score increased the odds for developing ED by a factor of 2.2 (P value=2.1×10(-19)). The cumulative SNP score model had a sensitivity of 84% and specificity of 75% for prediction of developing ED at the radiation therapy planning stage. CONCLUSIONS This genome-wide association study identified a set of SNPs that are associated with development of ED following radiation therapy. These candidate genetic predictors warrant more definitive validation in an independent cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah L Kerns
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York 10029, USA
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Soundararajan R, Ziera T, Koo E, Ling K, Wang J, Borden SA, Pearce D. Scaffold protein connector enhancer of kinase suppressor of Ras isoform 3 (CNK3) coordinates assembly of a multiprotein epithelial sodium channel (ENaC)-regulatory complex. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:33014-25. [PMID: 22851176 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.389148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Hormone regulation of ion transport in the kidney tubules is essential for fluid and electrolyte homeostasis in vertebrates. A large body of evidence has suggested that transporters and channels exist in multiprotein regulatory complexes; however, relatively little is known about the composition of these complexes or their assembly. The epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) in particular is tightly regulated by the salt-regulatory hormone aldosterone, which acts at least in part by increasing expression of the serine-threonine kinase SGK1. Here we show that aldosterone induces the formation of a 1.0-1.2-MDa plasma membrane complex, which includes ENaC, SGK1, and the ENaC inhibitor Nedd4-2, a key target of SGK1. We further show that this complex contains the PDZ domain-containing protein connector enhancer of kinase suppressor of Ras isoform 3 (CNK3). CNK3 physically interacts with ENaC, Nedd4-2, and SGK1; enhances the interactions among them; and stimulates ENaC function in a PDZ domain-dependent, aldosterone-induced manner. These results strongly suggest that CNK3 is a molecular scaffold, which coordinates the assembly of a multiprotein ENaC-regulatory complex and hence plays a central role in Na(+) homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rama Soundararajan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143, USA
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Soundararajan R, Lu M, Pearce D. Organization of the ENaC-regulatory machinery. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2012; 47:349-59. [PMID: 22506713 DOI: 10.3109/10409238.2012.678285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The control of fluid and electrolyte homeostasis in vertebrates requires the integration of a diverse set of signaling inputs, which control epithelial Na(+) transport, the principal ionic component of extracellular fluid. The key site of regulation is a segment of the kidney tubules, frequently termed the aldosterone-sensitive distal nephron, wherein the epithelial Na(+) channel (or ENaC) mediates apical ion entry. Na(+) transport in this segment is strongly regulated by the salt-retaining hormone, aldosterone, which acts through the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) to influence the expression of a selected set of target genes, most notably the serine-threonine kinase SGK1, which phosphorylates and inhibits the E3 ubiquitin ligase Nedd4-2. It has long been known that ENaC activity is tightly regulated in vertebrate epithelia. Recent evidence suggests that SGK1 and Nedd4-2, along with other ENaC-regulatory proteins, physically associate with each other and with ENaC in a multi-protein complex. The various components of the complex are regulated by diverse signaling networks, including steroid receptor-, PI3-kinase-, mTOR-, and Raf-MEK-ERK-dependent pathways. In this review, we focus on the organization of the targets of these pathways by multi-domain scaffold proteins and lipid platforms into a unified complex, thereby providing a molecular basis for signal integration in the control of ENaC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rama Soundararajan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
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40
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Shin S, Park JS, Kim YJ, Oh T, An S, Park CS. Differential gene expression profile in PBMCs from subjects with AERD and ATA: a gene marker for AERD. Mol Genet Genomics 2012; 287:361-71. [PMID: 22457146 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-012-0685-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2012] [Accepted: 03/08/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) is associated with severe asthma and aspirin can cause asthma to worsen, often in the form of a severe and sudden attack. The oral aspirin challenge is the gold standard to confirm the diagnosis of AERD, but it is time consuming and produces serious complications in some cases. Therefore, more efficient and practical method is needed to predict AERD patients. The aim of the present study was to identify AERD-related gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and examine the diagnostic potential of these candidate gene(s) for predicting AERD. To do this, RNAs from 24 subjects with AERD and 18 subjects with aspirin-tolerant asthma (ATA) were subjected to microarray analysis of ~34,560 genes. In total, 10 genes were selected as candidate gene markers by applying p ≤ 0.001(t test) and ≥8-fold change, and to correct for multiple comparisons, the false discovery rate analyses were performed. By applying multiple logistic regression analysis, among possible 1,023 models (2(10)-1), a model consisting of CNKSR3, SPTBN2, and IMPACT was selected as candidate set, because this set showed the best AUC (0.98) with 88 % sensitivity and 89 % specificity. For validation, mRNA levels by real-time PCR on PBMCs from two population sets in a gene-chip study and another replication sample, 20 AERD, 20 ATA, and 8 normal controls, were significantly different between groups with 100 % sensitivity and 100 % specificity in each of the two population sets. However, IMPACT gene did not differentiate between AERD and normal controls. The set of the two genes (CNKSR3 and SPTBN2) showed the best AUC (0.96) with 88 % sensitivity and 94 % specificity in a gene-chip study sample. In addition, this set showed perfect discriminative power with AUC (1.0, 100 % sensitivity and 100 % specificity) in each of the two population sets: the gene-chip samples and the replication samples. It also showed perfect discrimination for AERD from NC (AUC: 1.0) and ATA from NC (AUC: 1.0). In conclusion, we developed the two gene markers (CNKSR3 and SPTBN2) of PBMC which differentiate between AERD and ATA with a perfect discriminative power. These gene markers may be an efficient and practical method for predicting AERD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungwoo Shin
- Genome Research Center for Allergy and Respiratory Disease, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Jung-Dong, Wonmi-Ku, Bucheon, Kyeonggi-Do, South Korea
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Soundararajan R, Pearce D, Ziera T. The role of the ENaC-regulatory complex in aldosterone-mediated sodium transport. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2012; 350:242-7. [PMID: 22101317 PMCID: PMC3270213 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2011.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2011] [Revised: 10/11/2011] [Accepted: 11/03/2011] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The mineralocorticoid aldosterone is indispensable for the control of blood pressure and fluid volume in mammals. It acts in large part to increase the abundance and activity of the epithelial Na(+) channel (ENaC), which mediates apical Na(+) entry in the distal parts of the kidney tubules. Aldosterone acts through the mineralocorticoid receptor to alter the transcription of specific genes, including SGK1 and GILZ1. Recent evidence suggests that these key aldosterone-regulated factors function within a unique multi-protein ENaC-regulatory-complex that governs the net cell surface expression and activity of the channel. Another aldosterone-induced protein, CNK3 (connector enhancer of kinase suppressor of Ras 3), also stimulates ENaC and has all of the features of a scaffolding protein. With these observations in mind, we discuss the possibility that CNK3 coordinates the dynamic assembly of the ENaC-regulatory-complex, and promotes context-appropriate aldosterone signal transduction in the regulation of epithelial Na(+) transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rama Soundararajan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143
| | - David Pearce
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143
| | - Tim Ziera
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143
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Kolkhof P, Borden SA. Molecular pharmacology of the mineralocorticoid receptor: prospects for novel therapeutics. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2012; 350:310-7. [PMID: 21771637 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2011.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2011] [Revised: 06/21/2011] [Accepted: 06/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The blockade of mineralocorticoid receptors (MR) has been shown to be an invaluable therapy in heart failure and hypertension. To date, only two steroidal antimineralocorticoids, spironolactone (and its active metabolite canrenone) and eplerenone, have been approved, whereas novel non-steroidal compounds are in preclinical and early development. The careful investigation of the efficacy and tolerance of spironolactone in essential hypertension initially supported the idea that a more selective second generation of MR antagonists is desired for chronic treatment of cardiovascular diseases. More than 40 years went by between the approval of the first MR antagonist spironolactone and the market introduction of its sole successor, eplerenone. The molecular pharmacology of MR antagonists may be addressed at different levels. Available preclinical and clinical data of the two approved steroidal antimineralocorticoids allow a good comparison of potency and selectivity of MR antagonists and their pharmacokinetic properties. The search for novel generations of MR antagonists with the ultimate goal of a more tissue selective mode of action may require novel compounds that are differentiated with respect to the binding mode to the MR. Other factors that may contribute to tissue selectivity as e.g. the physicochemical properties of a drug and how they influence the resulting pharmacology in the context of tissue selective co-factor expression are even less well understood. In the following we will review these aspects and demonstrate that the molecular pharmacology of current MR antagonists is on the one hand far from well understood and, on the other hand, still offers room for improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Kolkhof
- Cardiology Research, Department Heart Diseases, Global Drug Discovery, Bayer Healthcare Pharmaceuticals, Wuppertal, Germany
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CNK3 and IPCEF1 produce a single protein that is required for HGF dependent Arf6 activation and migration. Exp Cell Res 2012; 318:228-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2011.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2011] [Revised: 10/13/2011] [Accepted: 10/31/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Abstract
We introduced the mechanosome hypothesis in 2003 as a heuristic model for investigating mechanotransduction in bone (Pavalko et al., J Cell Biochem, 2003, 88(1):104-112). This model suggested specific approaches for investigating how mechanical information is conveyed from the membrane of the sensor bone cell to the target genes and how this transmitted information from the membrane is converted into changes in transcription. The key concepts underlying the mechanosome hypothesis are that load-induced deformation of bone deforms the sensor cell membrane; embedded in the membrane are the focal adhesion and cadherin-catenin complexes, which in turn are physically connected to the chromatin via a solid-state scaffold. The physical stimulation of the membrane launches multiprotein complexes (mechanosomes) from the adhesion platforms while concomitantly tugging target genes into position for contact with the incoming mechanosomes, the carriers of the mechanical information to the nucleus. The mechanosome is comprised of an adhesion-associated protein and a nucleocytoplasmic shuttling transcription factor. Upon arrival at the target gene, mechanosomes alter DNA conformation and thus influence the interactions between trans-acting proteins along the gene, changing gene activity. Here, we update significant progress related to the mechanosome concept since publication of our original hypothesis. The launching of adhesion- and cytoskeletal-associated proteins into the nucleus toward target genes appears to be a common mechanism for regulating cell response to changes in its mechanical microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph P Bidwell
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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Soundararajan R, Pearce D, Hughey RP, Kleyman TR. Role of epithelial sodium channels and their regulators in hypertension. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:30363-9. [PMID: 20624922 PMCID: PMC2945528 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.r110.155341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The kidney has a central role in the regulation of blood pressure, in large part through its role in the regulated reabsorption of filtered Na(+). Epithelial Na(+) channels (ENaCs) are expressed in the most distal segments of the nephron and are a target of volume regulatory hormones. A variety of factors regulate ENaC activity, including several aldosterone-induced proteins that are present within an ENaC regulatory complex. Proteases also regulate ENaC by cleaving the channel and releasing intrinsic inhibitory tracts. Polymorphisms or mutations within channel subunits or regulatory pathways that enhance channel activity may contribute to an increase in blood pressure in individuals with essential hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David Pearce
- From the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, and
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143 and
| | - Rebecca P. Hughey
- the Departments of Medicine and of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261
| | - Thomas R. Kleyman
- the Departments of Medicine and of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261
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Grossmann C, Ruhs S, Seiferth A, Gekle M. Interaction between mineralocorticoid receptor and cAMP/CREB signaling. Steroids 2010; 75:539-43. [PMID: 19879890 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2009.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2009] [Revised: 10/19/2009] [Accepted: 10/20/2009] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Besides regulating water and electrolyte homeostasis, the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) elicits pathophysiological effects in the renocardiovascular system. Although the MR's closest relative, the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), acts as a transcription factor at the same hormone-response-element (HRE), activated glucocorticoid receptor mediates very different effects. One explanation for this discrepancy is that the MR interacts with additional signaling pathways in the cytosol. In the literature, there are several indications for an interaction between aldosterone/MR and the cAMP/CREB signaling. Here we summarize the current knowledge of the cross-talk between the two signaling pathways, including some unpublished observations of our own that indicate that MR/CREB signaling is mediated by calcineurin and has potentially pathophysiological consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Grossmann
- Julius-Bernstein-Institute of Physiology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Str. 6, 06097 Halle (Saale), Germany.
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Grossmann C, Husse B, Mildenberger S, Schreier B, Schuman K, Gekle M. Colocalization of mineralocorticoid and EGF receptor at the plasma membrane. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2010; 1803:584-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2010.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2009] [Revised: 02/08/2010] [Accepted: 02/22/2010] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Grossmann C, Wuttke M, Ruhs S, Seiferth A, Mildenberger S, Rabe S, Schwerdt G, Gekle M. Mineralocorticoid receptor inhibits CREB signaling by calcineurin activation. FASEB J 2010; 24:2010-9. [PMID: 20103717 DOI: 10.1096/fj.09-146985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the interaction of MR with cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB) and provide a mechanistic explanation and insights into the cellular relevance. MR --> CREB crosstalk was assessed in vascular smooth muscle cells and heterologous expression systems. Experiments were designed in a way that only one variable changed at a time and the respective vehicles served as controls. MR, but not GR, activation (aldosterone or hydrocortisone, IC(50), approximately 0.3 nM) inhibits CREB transcriptional activity induced by stimulation of beta1/2-adrenoceptors and adenylyl cyclase or addition of membrane-permeable cAMP up to 70% within 2 h after addition. The MR DNA-binding domain is not required for this inhibition. cAMP formation is virtually unchanged, whereas MR exerts a robust inhibition of CREB(S133) phosphorylation via calcineurin/PP2B activation without changes in PP2B-Aalpha or beta expression. In parallel, the PP2B-sensitive NFaT-pathway is activated. The inhibitory crosstalk attenuates CREB-induced glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase expression. Overall, transcriptional relevant MR --> CREB crosstalk occurs at the level of CREB phosphorylation by enhanced calcineurin activity, enables GRE-independent genomic signaling of MR, and is of potential pathophysiological relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Grossmann
- Julius-Bernstein-Institut für Physiologie, Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
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