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Emanuel E, Arifuzzaman M, Artis D. Epithelial-neuronal-immune cell interactions: Implications for immunity, inflammation, and tissue homeostasis at mucosal sites. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2024; 153:1169-1180. [PMID: 38369030 PMCID: PMC11070312 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2024.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
The epithelial lining of the respiratory tract and intestine provides a critical physical barrier to protect host tissues against environmental insults, including dietary antigens, allergens, chemicals, and microorganisms. In addition, specialized epithelial cells communicate directly with hematopoietic and neuronal cells. These epithelial-immune and epithelial-neuronal interactions control host immune responses and have important implications for inflammatory conditions associated with defects in the epithelial barrier, including asthma, allergy, and inflammatory bowel diseases. In this review, we discuss emerging research that identifies the mechanisms and impact of epithelial-immune and epithelial-neuronal cross talk in regulating immunity, inflammation, and tissue homeostasis at mucosal barrier surfaces. Understanding the regulation and impact of these pathways could provide new therapeutic targets for inflammatory diseases at mucosal sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Emanuel
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY; Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Program, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Mohammad Arifuzzaman
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - David Artis
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY; Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Program, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY; Friedman Center for Nutrition and Inflammation, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY; Allen Discovery Center for Neuroimmune Interactions, New York, NY; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY.
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2
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Seeholzer LF, Julius D. Neuroendocrine cells initiate protective upper airway reflexes. Science 2024; 384:295-301. [PMID: 38669574 DOI: 10.1126/science.adh5483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Airway neuroendocrine (NE) cells have been proposed to serve as specialized sensory epithelial cells that modulate respiratory behavior by communicating with nearby nerve endings. However, their functional properties and physiological roles in the healthy lung, trachea, and larynx remain largely unknown. In this work, we show that murine NE cells in these compartments have distinct biophysical properties but share sensitivity to two commonly aspirated noxious stimuli, water and acid. Moreover, we found that tracheal and laryngeal NE cells protect the airways by releasing adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) to activate purinoreceptive sensory neurons that initiate swallowing and expiratory reflexes. Our work uncovers the broad molecular and biophysical diversity of NE cells across the airways and reveals mechanisms by which these specialized excitable cells serve as sentinels for activating protective responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura F Seeholzer
- Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - David Julius
- Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
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3
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Shirey KA, Lai W, Sunday ME, Cuttitta F, Blanco JCG, Vogel SN. Novel neuroendocrine role of γ-aminobutyric acid and gastrin-releasing peptide in the host response to influenza infection. Mucosal Immunol 2023; 16:302-311. [PMID: 36965691 PMCID: PMC10330014 DOI: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2023.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023]
Abstract
Gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP), an evolutionarily conserved neuropeptide, significantly contributes to influenza-induced lethality and inflammation in rodent models. Because GRP is produced by pulmonary neuroendocrine cells (PNECs) in response to γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), we hypothesized that influenza infection promotes GABA release from PNECs that activate GABAB receptors on PNECs to secrete GRP. Oxidative stress was increased in the lungs of influenza A/PR/8/34 (PR8)-infected mice, as well as serum glutamate decarboxylase 1, the enzyme that converts L-glutamic acid into GABA. The therapeutic administration of saclofen, a GABAB receptor antagonist, protected PR8-infected mice, reduced lung proinflammatory gene expression of C-C chemokine receptor type 2 (Ccr2), cluster of differentiation 68 (Cd68), and Toll like receptor 4 (Tlr4) and decreased the levels of GRP and high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) in sera. Conversely, baclofen, a GABAB receptor agonist, significantly increased the lethality and inflammatory responses. The GRP antagonist, NSC77427, as well as the GABAB antagonist, saclofen, blunted the PR8-induced monocyte infiltration into the lung. Together, these data provide the first report of neuroregulatory control of influenza-induced disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kari Ann Shirey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
| | - Wendy Lai
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Mary E Sunday
- Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Frank Cuttitta
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Stefanie N Vogel
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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4
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Eenjes E, Benthem F, Boerema-de Munck A, Buscop-van Kempen M, Tibboel D, Rottier RJ. Distinct roles for SOX2 and SOX21 in differentiation, distribution and maturation of pulmonary neuroendocrine cells. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:79. [PMID: 36867267 PMCID: PMC9984344 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04731-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary neuroendocrine (NE) cells represent a small population in the airway epithelium, but despite this, hyperplasia of NE cells is associated with several lung diseases, such as congenital diaphragmatic hernia and bronchopulmonary dysplasia. The molecular mechanisms causing the development of NE cell hyperplasia remains poorly understood. Previously, we showed that the SOX21 modulates the SOX2-initiated differentiation of epithelial cells in the airways. Here, we show that precursor NE cells start to develop in the SOX2 + SOX21 + airway region and that SOX21 suppresses the differentiation of airway progenitors to precursor NE cells. During development, clusters of NE cells start to form and NE cells mature by expressing neuropeptide proteins, such as CGRP. Deficiency in SOX2 resulted in decreased clustering, while deficiency in SOX21 increased both the numbers of NE ASCL1 + precursor cells early in development, and the number of mature cell clusters at E18.5. In addition, at the end of gestation (E18.5), a number of NE cells in Sox2 heterozygous mice, did not yet express CGRP suggesting a delay in maturation. In conclusion, SOX2 and SOX21 function in the initiation, migration and maturation of NE cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelien Eenjes
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Erasmus Medical Center-Sophia Children's Hospital, Wytemaweg 80, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Floor Benthem
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Erasmus Medical Center-Sophia Children's Hospital, Wytemaweg 80, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anne Boerema-de Munck
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Erasmus Medical Center-Sophia Children's Hospital, Wytemaweg 80, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marjon Buscop-van Kempen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Erasmus Medical Center-Sophia Children's Hospital, Wytemaweg 80, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dick Tibboel
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Erasmus Medical Center-Sophia Children's Hospital, Wytemaweg 80, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Robbert J Rottier
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Erasmus Medical Center-Sophia Children's Hospital, Wytemaweg 80, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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5
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Brouns I, Adriaensen D, Timmermans JP. The pulmonary neuroepithelial body microenvironment represents an underestimated multimodal component in airway sensory pathways. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2023. [PMID: 36808710 DOI: 10.1002/ar.25171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Exciting new imaging and molecular tools, combined with state-of-the-art genetically modified mouse models, have recently boosted interest in pulmonary (vagal) sensory pathway investigations. In addition to the identification of diverse sensory neuronal subtypes, visualization of intrapulmonary projection patterns attracted renewed attention on morphologically identified sensory receptor end-organs, such as the pulmonary neuroepithelial bodies (NEBs) that have been our area of expertise for the past four decades. The current review aims at providing an overview of the cellular and neuronal components of the pulmonary NEB microenvironment (NEB ME) in mice, underpinning the role of these complexly organized structures in the mechano- and chemosensory potential of airways and lungs. Interestingly, the pulmonary NEB ME additionally harbors different types of stem cells, and emerging evidence suggests that the signal transduction pathways that are active in the NEB ME during lung development and repair also determine the origin of small cell lung carcinoma. Although documented for many years that NEBs appear to be affected in several pulmonary diseases, the current intriguing knowledge on the NEB ME seems to encourage researchers that are new to the field to explore the possibility that these versatile sensor-effector units may be involved in lung pathogenesis or pathobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inge Brouns
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology (CBH), Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Dirk Adriaensen
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology (CBH), Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Jean-Pierre Timmermans
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology (CBH), Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Antwerp Centre for Advanced Microscopy (ACAM), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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6
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Zhang N, Xu J, Jiang C, Lu S. Neuro-Immune Regulation in Inflammation and Airway Remodeling of Allergic Asthma. Front Immunol 2022; 13:894047. [PMID: 35784284 PMCID: PMC9245431 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.894047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergic asthma is a common chronic inflammation of the airways and causes airway remodeling eventually. For a long time, investigators have been focusing on the immunological mechanism of asthma. However, in recent years, the role of neuro-regulation in the occurrence of asthma has gradually attracted investigators’ attention. In this review, we firstly describe neuro-immune regulation in inflammation of allergic asthma from two aspects: innate immunity and adaptive immunity. Secondly, we introduce neuro-immune regulation in airway remodeling of asthma. Finally, we prospect the role of pulmonary neuroendocrine cells in the development of asthma. In general, the amount of researches is limited. Further researches on the neural regulation during the occurrence of asthma will help us clarify the mechanism of asthma more comprehensively and find more effective ways to prevent and control asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhang
- National Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnostics and Biotherapy, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Xi’an, China
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine (IMTM), Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Xi’an, China
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine (IMTM), Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
| | - Congshan Jiang
- National Regional Children’s Medical Center (Northwest), Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine to Pediatric Diseases of Shaanxi Province, Xi’an Key Laboratory of Children’s Health and Diseases, Shaanxi Institute for Pediatric Diseases, Xi’an Children’s Hospital, Affiliated Children’s Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Congshan Jiang, ; Shemin Lu,
| | - Shemin Lu
- National Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnostics and Biotherapy, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Xi’an, China
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine (IMTM), Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
- National Regional Children’s Medical Center (Northwest), Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine to Pediatric Diseases of Shaanxi Province, Xi’an Key Laboratory of Children’s Health and Diseases, Shaanxi Institute for Pediatric Diseases, Xi’an Children’s Hospital, Affiliated Children’s Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Congshan Jiang, ; Shemin Lu,
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7
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Xu J, Xu L, Sui P, Chen J, Moya EA, Hume P, Janssen WJ, Duran JM, Thistlethwaite P, Carlin A, Gulleman P, Banaschewski B, Goldy MK, Yuan JXJ, Malhotra A, Pryhuber G, Crotty-Alexander L, Deutsch G, Young LR, Sun X. Excess neuropeptides in lung signal through endothelial cells to impair gas exchange. Dev Cell 2022; 57:839-853.e6. [PMID: 35303432 PMCID: PMC9137452 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2022.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Although increased neuropeptides are often detected in lungs that exhibit respiratory distress, whether they contribute to the condition is unknown. Here, we show in a mouse model of neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia of infancy, a pediatric disease with increased pulmonary neuroendocrine cells (PNECs), excess PNEC-derived neuropeptides are responsible for pulmonary manifestations including hypoxemia. In mouse postnatal lung, prolonged signaling from elevated neuropeptides such as calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) activate receptors enriched on endothelial cells, leading to reduced cellular junction gene expression, increased endothelium permeability, excess lung fluid, and hypoxemia. Excess fluid and hypoxemia were effectively attenuated by either prevention of PNEC formation, inactivation of CGRP gene, endothelium-specific inactivation of CGRP receptor gene, or treatment with CGRP receptor antagonist. Neuropeptides were increased in human lung diseases with excess fluid such as acute respiratory distress syndrome. Our findings suggest that restricting neuropeptide function may limit fluid and improve gas exchange in these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhao Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Le Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Pengfei Sui
- CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Jiyuan Chen
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92121, USA
| | - Esteban A Moya
- Division of Physiology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Patrick Hume
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206, USA
| | - William J Janssen
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206, USA
| | - Jason M Duran
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California San Diego Medical Center, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Patricia Thistlethwaite
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Aaron Carlin
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Peter Gulleman
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Brandon Banaschewski
- Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 16104, USA
| | - Mary Kate Goldy
- Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 16104, USA
| | - Jason X-J Yuan
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92121, USA
| | - Atul Malhotra
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92121, USA
| | - Gloria Pryhuber
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Laura Crotty-Alexander
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92121, USA; Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, CA 92161, USA
| | - Gail Deutsch
- Department of Laboratories, Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Lisa R Young
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 16104, USA
| | - Xin Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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8
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The possibility of using anti-human monoclonal antibody CD3 as pan T-cell marker in guinea pigs. EUREKA: HEALTH SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.21303/2504-5679.2022.002272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was aimed to evaluate the possibility of using anti-human monoclonal antibody CD3 as pan T-cell marker in the guinea pigs’ trachea and lung in early and late manifestations of the allergic inflammatory process.
Materials and methods.We have studied the distribution and quantitative changes of CD3-positive lymphocytes in trachea and lung of guinea pigs using histological, immunohistochemical, statistical methods in conditions of experimental inflammatory process.
Results. Our results revealed the applicability of anti-Human monoclonal antibody CD3 (Clone SP7, «DAKO», Denmark) cross-reaction with T-cells of guinea pigs’ tracheas and lungs. The most statistically significant elevation of the number of CD3-positive lymphocytes, in comparison with the control group (p*/**<0.05), observed in the experimental group III in the late stages of experimental inflammatory process. The elevation of the number of CD3-positive lymphocytes persists even after the termination of the allergen action, which indicates the continuation of the reaction of pulmonary local adaptive immunity to the allergen.
Conclusions. The results of our study may be useful in conditions of the deficiency of guinea pig-specific tests. The immunohistochemical assessment of guinea pigs’ trachea and lungs proved the possibility to use anti-Human monoclonal antibody CD3 as a panT-cell marker in guinea pigs. We demonstrated the activation of adaptive immune response (T-cells), represented by their immunohistochemical changes, predominantly in the late stages of experimental inflammatory process.
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9
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Kuo CS, Darmanis S, Diaz de Arce A, Liu Y, Almanzar N, Wu TTH, Quake SR, Krasnow MA. Neuroendocrinology of the lung revealed by single-cell RNA sequencing. eLife 2022; 11:78216. [PMID: 36469459 PMCID: PMC9721618 DOI: 10.7554/elife.78216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary neuroendocrine cells (PNECs) are sensory epithelial cells that transmit airway status to the brain via sensory neurons and locally via calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and γ- aminobutyric acid (GABA). Several other neuropeptides and neurotransmitters have been detected in various species, but the number, targets, functions, and conservation of PNEC signals are largely unknown. We used scRNAseq to profile hundreds of the rare mouse and human PNECs. This revealed over 40 PNEC neuropeptide and peptide hormone genes, most cells expressing unique combinations of 5-18 genes. Peptides are packaged in separate vesicles, their release presumably regulated by the distinct, multimodal combinations of sensors we show are expressed by each PNEC. Expression of the peptide receptors predicts an array of local cell targets, and we show the new PNEC signal angiotensin directly activates one subtype of innervating sensory neuron. Many signals lack lung targets so may have endocrine activity like those of PNEC-derived carcinoid tumors. PNECs are an extraordinarily rich and diverse signaling hub rivaling the enteroendocrine system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christin S Kuo
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States,Department of Biochemistry and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
| | - Spyros Darmanis
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
| | - Alex Diaz de Arce
- Department of Biochemistry and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
| | - Yin Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
| | - Nicole Almanzar
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
| | - Timothy Ting-Hsuan Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
| | - Stephen R Quake
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States,Chan-Zuckerburg BiohubSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Mark A Krasnow
- Department of Biochemistry and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
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10
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DYNAMICS OF GLYCOPROTEINS DISTRIBUTION IN LUNGS OF GUINEA PIGS WITH EXPERIMENTAL ALLERGIC INFLAMMATION. WORLD OF MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.26724/2079-8334-2022-1-79-218-222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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11
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Schetters STT, Schuijs MJ. Pulmonary Eosinophils at the Center of the Allergic Space-Time Continuum. Front Immunol 2021; 12:772004. [PMID: 34868033 PMCID: PMC8634472 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.772004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Eosinophils are typically a minority population of circulating granulocytes being released from the bone-marrow as terminally differentiated cells. Besides their function in the defense against parasites and in promoting allergic airway inflammation, regulatory functions have now been attributed to eosinophils in various organs. Although eosinophils are involved in the inflammatory response to allergens, it remains unclear whether they are drivers of the asthma pathology or merely recruited effector cells. Recent findings highlight the homeostatic and pro-resolving capacity of eosinophils and raise the question at what point in time their function is regulated. Similarly, eosinophils from different physical locations display phenotypic and functional diversity. However, it remains unclear whether eosinophil plasticity remains as they develop and travel from the bone marrow to the tissue, in homeostasis or during inflammation. In the tissue, eosinophils of different ages and origin along the inflammatory trajectory may exhibit functional diversity as circumstances change. Herein, we outline the inflammatory time line of allergic airway inflammation from acute, late, adaptive to chronic processes. We summarize the function of the eosinophils in regards to their resident localization and time of recruitment to the lung, in all stages of the inflammatory response. In all, we argue that immunological differences in eosinophils are a function of time and space as the allergic inflammatory response is initiated and resolved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sjoerd T T Schetters
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Mucosal Immunology, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Martijn J Schuijs
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Mucosal Immunology, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
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12
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Piao X, Jiang SH, Wang JN, Wu J, Xu WC, Li LQ, Xue Z, Yu JE. Pingchuan formula attenuates airway mucus hypersecretion via regulation of the PNEC-GABA-IL13-Muc5ac axis in asthmatic mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 140:111746. [PMID: 34062412 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Asthma is a common chronic respiratory disease. It has been reported that Pingchuan formula (PCF) can control asthma attacks by reducing airway inflammation, muscle spasm and mucus secretion. However, PCF's mechanism for reducing airway mucus hypersecretion remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effect of PCF on airway mucus secretion in asthmatic mice and to explore changes in the PNEC-GABA-IL13-Muc5ac axis. METHODS Male Babl/c mice were used to establish the asthma model via sensitisation with OVA. Mice were randomly divided into Normal, OVA, DEX, and PCF groups. After treatment, lung histopathology was observed with H&E and PAS staining. BALF levels of IL-5 and IL-13 were detected using ELISA. The levels of mRNA and protein expression for GAD1, GABAARβ1, GABAARα1 and Muc5ac in the lung tissue were measured by RT-PCR and Western blot assays. PNECs were observed with AgNOR staining. RESULTS PCF treatment effectively reduced goblet cell (P < 0.01) and PNEC (P < 0.05) proliferation, lung tissue inflammation and airway mucus hypersecretion. In addition, PCF also markedly downregulated mRNA and protein expression of GAD1, GABAARβ1, GABAARα1 and Muc5ac (P < 0.05, compared with OVA), thus inhibiting the GABA-IL-13 pathway in the lung tissue of asthmatic mice. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that PCF controls asthma attacks by reducing airway inflammation and mucus hypersecretion via the PNEC-GABA-IL13-Muc5ac axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Piao
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200071, China; Pediatric Institute of Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Academy, Shanghai 200071, China.
| | - Shen-Hua Jiang
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200071, China.
| | - Jia-Ni Wang
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200071, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200071, China; Pediatric Institute of Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Academy, Shanghai 200071, China
| | - Wan-Chao Xu
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200071, China
| | - Li-Qing Li
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200071, China; Pediatric Institute of Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Academy, Shanghai 200071, China
| | - Zheng Xue
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200071, China; Pediatric Institute of Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Academy, Shanghai 200071, China.
| | - Jian-Er Yu
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200071, China; Pediatric Institute of Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Academy, Shanghai 200071, China.
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13
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Jiang M, Fang Y, Li Y, Huang H, Wei Z, Gao X, Sung HK, Hu J, Qiang L, Ruan J, Chen Q, Jiang D, Whitsett JA, Ai X, Que J. VEGF receptor 2 (KDR) protects airways from mucus metaplasia through a Sox9-dependent pathway. Dev Cell 2021; 56:1646-1660.e5. [PMID: 34010630 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2021.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Mucus-secreting goblet cells are the dominant cell type in pulmonary diseases, e.g., asthma and cystic fibrosis (CF), leading to pathologic mucus metaplasia and airway obstruction. Cytokines including IL-13 are the major players in the transdifferentiation of club cells into goblet cells. Unexpectedly, we have uncovered a previously undescribed pathway promoting mucous metaplasia that involves VEGFa and its receptor KDR. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis coupled with genetic mouse modeling demonstrates that loss of epithelial VEGFa, KDR, or MEK/ERK kinase promotes excessive club-to-goblet transdifferentiation during development and regeneration. Sox9 is required for goblet cell differentiation following Kdr inhibition in both mouse and human club cells. Significantly, airway mucous metaplasia in asthmatic and CF patients is also associated with reduced KDR signaling and increased SOX9 expression. Together, these findings reveal an unexpected role for VEGFa/KDR signaling in the defense against mucous metaplasia, offering a potential therapeutic target for this common airway pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Jiang
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health of the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058 Zhejiang, P.R. China; Columbia Center for Human Development & Division of Digestive and Liver Disease, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, NY 10032, USA
| | - Yinshan Fang
- Columbia Center for Human Development & Division of Digestive and Liver Disease, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, NY 10032, USA
| | - Yu Li
- Columbia Center for Human Development & Division of Digestive and Liver Disease, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, NY 10032, USA; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Regenerative Medicine, Haihe Hospital, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
| | - Huachao Huang
- Columbia Center for Human Development & Division of Digestive and Liver Disease, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, NY 10032, USA
| | - Zichen Wei
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health of the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058 Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Xia Gao
- Columbia Center for Human Development & Division of Digestive and Liver Disease, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, NY 10032, USA
| | - Hoon-Ki Sung
- Translation Medicine Program, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Jim Hu
- Translation Medicine Program, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Li Qiang
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University College of Physicians & Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Jian Ruan
- Department of Medical Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003 Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Qixuan Chen
- Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dianhua Jiang
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, 90048 CA, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Whitsett
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati and Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Xingbin Ai
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Jianwen Que
- Columbia Center for Human Development & Division of Digestive and Liver Disease, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, NY 10032, USA; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, NY 10032, USA.
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14
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Pavón-Romero GF, Serrano-Pérez NH, García-Sánchez L, Ramírez-Jiménez F, Terán LM. Neuroimmune Pathophysiology in Asthma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:663535. [PMID: 34055794 PMCID: PMC8155297 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.663535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic inflammation of lower airway disease, characterized by bronchial hyperresponsiveness. Type I hypersensitivity underlies all atopic diseases including allergic asthma. However, the role of neurotransmitters (NT) and neuropeptides (NP) in this disease has been less explored in comparison with inflammatory mechanisms. Indeed, the airway epithelium contains pulmonary neuroendocrine cells filled with neurotransmitters (serotonin and GABA) and neuropeptides (substance P[SP], neurokinin A [NKA], vasoactive intestinal peptide [VIP], Calcitonin-gene related peptide [CGRP], and orphanins-[N/OFQ]), which are released after allergen exposure. Likewise, the autonomic airway fibers produce acetylcholine (ACh) and the neuropeptide Y(NPY). These NT/NP differ in their effects; SP, NKA, and serotonin exert pro-inflammatory effects, whereas VIP, N/OFQ, and GABA show anti-inflammatory activity. However, CGPR and ACh have dual effects. For example, the ACh-M3 axis induces goblet cell metaplasia, extracellular matrix deposition, and bronchoconstriction; the CGRP-RAMP1 axis enhances Th2 and Th9 responses; and the SP-NK1R axis promotes the synthesis of chemokines in eosinophils, mast cells, and neutrophils. In contrast, the ACh-α7nAChR axis in ILC2 diminishes the synthesis of TNF-α, IL-1, and IL-6, attenuating lung inflammation whereas, VIP-VPAC1, N/OFQ-NOP axes cause bronchodilation and anti-inflammatory effects. Some NT/NP as 5-HT and NKA could be used as biomarkers to monitor asthma patients. In fact, the asthma treatment based on inhaled corticosteroids and anticholinergics blocks M3 and TRPV1 receptors. Moreover, the administration of experimental agents such as NK1R/NK2R antagonists and exogenous VIP decrease inflammatory mediators, suggesting that regulating the effects of NT/NP represents a potential novel approach for the treatment of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Luis M. Terán
- Department of Immunogenetics and Allergy, Instituto Nacional Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico
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15
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Brouns I, Verckist L, Pintelon I, Timmermans JP, Adriaensen D. Pulmonary Sensory Receptors. ADVANCES IN ANATOMY EMBRYOLOGY AND CELL BIOLOGY 2021; 233:1-65. [PMID: 33950466 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-65817-5_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Inge Brouns
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen (Wilrijk), Belgium.
| | - Line Verckist
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen (Wilrijk), Belgium
| | - Isabel Pintelon
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen (Wilrijk), Belgium
| | - Jean-Pierre Timmermans
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen (Wilrijk), Belgium
| | - Dirk Adriaensen
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen (Wilrijk), Belgium
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16
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Studying the Pulmonary NEB ME: A Multidisciplinary Approach. ADVANCES IN ANATOMY EMBRYOLOGY AND CELL BIOLOGY 2021. [PMID: 33950468 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-65817-5_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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17
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Wang A, Zhang Q, Wang Y, Li X, Li K, Li Y, Wang J, Li L, Chen H. Inhibition of Gabrp reduces the differentiation of airway epithelial progenitor cells into goblet cells. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:720. [PMID: 34007329 PMCID: PMC8120639 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Bronchial asthma is an intractable pulmonary disease that affects millions of individuals worldwide, with the overproduction of mucus contributing to high morbidity and mortality. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is associated with goblet cell hyperplasia in the lungs of primate models and Club cells serve as airway epithelial progenitor cells that may differentiate into goblet and ciliated cells. In the present study, it was investigated whether the GABAA receptor pi (Gabrp) is essential for Club cell proliferation and differentiation in mice. Validation of microarray analysis results by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) demonstrated that Gabrp is highly expressed in mouse Club cells. Predominant expression of Gabrp in mouse Club cells was further confirmed based on naphthalene-induced Club cell injury in mice, with organoid cultures indicating significant reductions in the organoid-forming ability of mouse Club cells in the presence of Gabrp antagonist bicuculline methiodide (BMI). Furthermore, the RT-qPCR results indicated that the mRNA levels of chloride channel accessory 3, pseudogene (Clca3p), mucin (Muc)5Ac and Muc5B were significantly decreased in BMI organoid cultures. These results suggested that blocking GABA signaling through Gabrp inhibits mouse Club cell proliferation, as well as differentiation into goblet cells. Therefore, targeting GABA/Gabrp signaling may represent a promising strategy for treating goblet cell hyperplasia in bronchial asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Wang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Haihe Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
| | - Qiuyang Zhang
- Key Research Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention for State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
| | - Yongmei Wang
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin University Haihe Hospital, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
| | - Xue Li
- Key Research Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention for State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
| | - Kuan Li
- Key Research Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention for State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
| | - Yu Li
- Key Research Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention for State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
| | - Jianhai Wang
- Key Research Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention for State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tianjin University Haihe Hospital, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
| | - Huaiyong Chen
- Department of Basic Medicine, Haihe Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China.,Key Research Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention for State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Regenerative Medicine, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
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18
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Mou H, Yang Y, Riehs MA, Barrios J, Shivaraju M, Haber AL, Montoro DT, Gilmore K, Haas EA, Paunovic B, Rajagopal J, Vargas SO, Haynes RL, Fine A, Cardoso WV, Ai X. Airway basal stem cells generate distinct subpopulations of PNECs. Cell Rep 2021; 35:109011. [PMID: 33882306 PMCID: PMC8140387 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary neuroendocrine cells (PNECs) have crucial roles in airway physiology and immunity by producing bioactive amines and neuropeptides (NPs). A variety of human diseases exhibit PNEC hyperplasia. Given accumulated evidence that PNECs represent a heterogenous population of cells, we investigate how PNECs differ, whether the heterogeneity is similarly present in mouse and human cells, and whether specific disease involves discrete PNECs. Herein, we identify three distinct types of PNECs in human and mouse airways based on single and double positivity for TUBB3 and the established NP markers. We show that the three PNEC types exhibit significant differences in NP expression, homeostatic turnover, and response to injury and disease. We provide evidence that these differences parallel their distinct cell of origin from basal stem cells (BSCs) or other airway epithelial progenitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Mou
- The Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
| | - Ying Yang
- Columbia Center for Human Development and Pulmonary Allergy & Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Molly A Riehs
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, MA 02115, USA
| | - Juliana Barrios
- The Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Manjunatha Shivaraju
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Adam L Haber
- Computational Biology and Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Daniel T Montoro
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Kimberly Gilmore
- Division of Neonatology and Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Elisabeth A Haas
- Department of Research, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, CA 92123, USA
| | - Brankica Paunovic
- San Diego County Office of the Medical Examiner, San Diego, CA 92123, USA
| | - Jayaraj Rajagopal
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Sara O Vargas
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, MA 02115, USA
| | - Robin L Haynes
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, MA 02115, USA
| | - Alan Fine
- Pulmonary Division, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Wellington V Cardoso
- Columbia Center for Human Development and Pulmonary Allergy & Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Xingbin Ai
- Division of Neonatology and Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
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19
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McCravy M, Ingram JL, Que LG. Dysregulated Metabolism in the Pathophysiology of Non-Allergic Obese Asthma. J Asthma Allergy 2021; 14:179-186. [PMID: 33692628 PMCID: PMC7939487 DOI: 10.2147/jaa.s282284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is an obstructive airway disease that is characterized by reversible airway obstruction and is classically associated with atopic, TH2 driven inflammation. Landmark studies in the second half of the twentieth century identified eosinophils as a key mediator of inflammation and steroids, both inhaled and systemic, as a cornerstone of therapy. However, more recently other phenotypes of asthma have emerged that do not respond as well to traditional therapies. In particular, obese patients who develop asthma as adults are less likely to have eosinophilic airway inflammation and do not respond to traditional therapies. Obese patients often have metabolic comorbidities such as impaired glucose tolerance and dyslipidemias, also known as metabolic syndrome (MetS). The unified pathophysiology of metabolic syndrome is not known, however, several signaling pathways, such as the neuropeptide glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and nitric oxide (NO) signaling have been shown to be dysregulated in MetS. These pathways are targeted by commercially available medications. This review discusses the potential roles that dysregulation of the GLP-1 and NO signaling pathways, along with arginine metabolism, play in the development of asthma in obese patients. GLP-1 receptors are found in high density in the lung and are also detectable in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. NO has long been associated with asthma. We hypothesize that these derangements in metabolic signaling pathways underpin the asthmatic phenotype seen in obese patients with non-eosinophilic airway inflammation and poor response to established therapies. While still an active area of research, novel interventions are needed for this subset of patient who respond poorly to available asthma therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew McCravy
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Jennifer L Ingram
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Loretta G Que
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
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20
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Abstract
The community of cells lining our airways plays a collaborative role in the preservation of immune homeostasis in the lung and provides protection from the pathogens and pollutants in the air we breathe. In addition to its structural attributes that provide effective mucociliary clearance of the lower airspace, the airway epithelium is an immunologically active barrier surface that senses changes in the airway environment and interacts with resident and recruited immune cells. Single-cell RNA-sequencing is illuminating the cellular heterogeneity that exists in the airway wall and has identified novel cell populations with unique molecular signatures, trajectories of differentiation and diverse functions in health and disease. In this Review, we discuss how our view of the airway epithelial landscape has evolved with the advent of transcriptomic approaches to cellular phenotyping, with a focus on epithelial interactions with the local neuronal and immune systems.
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21
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Noguchi M, Furukawa KT, Morimoto M. Pulmonary neuroendocrine cells: physiology, tissue homeostasis and disease. Dis Model Mech 2020; 13:13/12/dmm046920. [PMID: 33355253 PMCID: PMC7774893 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.046920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian lungs have the ability to recognize external environments by sensing different compounds in inhaled air. Pulmonary neuroendocrine cells (PNECs) are rare, multi-functional epithelial cells currently garnering attention as intrapulmonary sensors; PNECs can detect hypoxic conditions through chemoreception. Because PNEC overactivation has been reported in patients suffering from respiratory diseases – such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchopulmonary dysplasia and other congenital diseases – an improved understanding of the fundamental characteristics of PNECs is becoming crucial in pulmonary biology and pathology. During the past decade, murine genetics and disease models revealed the involvement of PNECs in lung ventilation dynamics, mechanosensing and the type 2 immune responses. Single-cell RNA sequencing further unveiled heterogeneous gene expression profiles in the PNEC population and revealed that a small number of PNECs undergo reprogramming during regeneration. Aberrant large clusters of PNECs have been observed in neuroendocrine tumors, including small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). Modern innovation of imaging analyses has enabled the discovery of dynamic migratory behaviors of PNECs during airway development, perhaps relating to SCLC malignancy. This Review summarizes the findings from research on PNECs, along with novel knowledge about their function. In addition, it thoroughly addresses the relevant questions concerning the molecular pathology of pulmonary diseases and related therapeutic approaches. Summary: This Review highlights the physiological relevance of pulmonary neuroendocrine cells, rare airway epithelial cells that form intrapulmonary sensory organs, abnormalities of which are associated with several pulmonary disorders, such as asthma and lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masafumi Noguchi
- Laboratory for Lung Development and Regeneration, RIKEN Centre for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe 650-0047, Japan.,Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58B, 35121 Padova, Italy; Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Via Orus 2, 35129 Padova, Italy
| | - Kana T Furukawa
- Laboratory for Lung Development and Regeneration, RIKEN Centre for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Morimoto
- Laboratory for Lung Development and Regeneration, RIKEN Centre for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
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22
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Xu J, Yu H, Sun X. Less Is More: Rare Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Cells Function as Critical Sensors in Lung. Dev Cell 2020; 55:123-132. [PMID: 33108755 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2020.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary neuroendocrine cells (PNECs) are rare airway epithelial cells that also uniquely harbor neuronal and endocrine characteristics. In vitro data indicate that these cells respond to chemical or mechanical stimuli by releasing neuropeptides and neurotransmitters, implicating them as airway sensors. Emerging in vivo data corroborate this role and demonstrate that PNECs are important for lung response to signals, such as allergens. With close proximity to steady-state immune cells and innervating nerves, PNECs, as prototype tissue-resident neuroendocrine cells, are at the center of a neuro-immune module that enables the fundamental ability of an organ to sense and respond to the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhao Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Haoze Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Xin Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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23
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Feldman MB, Wood M, Lapey A, Mou H. SMAD Signaling Restricts Mucous Cell Differentiation in Human Airway Epithelium. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2020; 61:322-331. [PMID: 30848657 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2018-0326oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucin-secreting goblet cell metaplasia and hyperplasia (GCMH) is a common pathological phenotype in many human respiratory diseases, including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cystic fibrosis, primary ciliary dyskinesia, and infections. A better understanding of how goblet cell quantities or proportions in the airway epithelium are regulated may provide novel therapeutic targets to mitigate GCMH in these devastating diseases. We identify canonical SMAD signaling as the principal pathway restricting goblet cell differentiation in human airway epithelium. Differentiated goblet cells express low levels of phosphorylated SMAD. Accordingly, inhibition of SMAD signaling markedly amplifies GCMH induced by mucous mediators. In contrast, SMAD signaling activation impedes goblet cell generation and accelerates the resolution of preexisting GCMH. SMAD signaling inhibition can override the suppressive effects imposed by a GABAergic receptor inhibitor, suggesting the GABAergic pathway likely operates through inhibition of SMAD signaling in regulating mucous differentiation. Collectively, our data demonstrate that SMAD signaling plays a determining role in mucous cell differentiation, and thus raise the possibility that dysregulation of this pathway contributes to respiratory pathophysiology during airway inflammation and pulmonary diseases. In addition, our study also highlights the potential for SMAD modulation as a therapeutic target in mitigating GCMH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael B Feldman
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Michael Wood
- the Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Allen Lapey
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, Massachusetts; and
| | - Hongmei Mou
- the Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Division of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, Massachusetts; and.,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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24
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Barrios J, Kho AT, Aven L, Mitchel JA, Park JA, Randell SH, Miller LA, Tantisira KG, Ai X. Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Cells Secrete γ-Aminobutyric Acid to Induce Goblet Cell Hyperplasia in Primate Models. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2020; 60:687-694. [PMID: 30571139 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2018-0179oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucus overproduction is a major contributor to morbidity and mortality in asthma. Mucus overproduction is induced by orchestrated actions of multiple factors that include inflammatory cytokines and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). GABA is produced only by pulmonary neuroendocrine cells (PNECs) in the mouse lung. Recent studies in a neonatal mouse model of allergic inflammation have shown that PNECs play an essential role in mucus overproduction by GABA hypersecretion. Whether PNECs mediate dysregulated GABA signaling for mucus overproduction in asthma is unknown. In this study, we characterized the cellular source of GABA in the lungs of nonhuman primates and humans and assessed GABA secretion and signaling in primate disease models. We found that like in mice, PNECs were the major source of GABA in primate lungs. In addition, an infant nonhuman primate model of asthma exhibited an increase in GABA secretion. Furthermore, subjects with asthma had elevated levels of expression of a subset of GABA type α (GABAα) and type β (GABAβ) receptors in airway epithelium compared with those of healthy control subjects. Last, employing a normal human bronchial epithelial cell model of preinduced mucus overproduction, we showed pharmaceutical blockade of GABAα and GABAβ receptor signaling reversed the effect of IL-13 on MUC5AC gene expression and goblet cell proliferation. Together, our data demonstrate an evolutionarily conserved intraepithelial GABA signaling that, in concert with IL-13, plays an essential role in mucus overproduction. Our findings may offer new strategies to ameliorate mucus overproduction in patients with asthma by targeting PNEC secretion and GABA signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Barrios
- 1 The Pulmonary Center, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Alvin T Kho
- 2 The Channing Division of Network Medicine, and
| | - Linh Aven
- 1 The Pulmonary Center, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jennifer A Mitchel
- 3 Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jin-Ah Park
- 3 Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Scott H Randell
- 4 Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; and
| | - Lisa A Miller
- 5 Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
| | | | - Xingbin Ai
- 6 Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
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25
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Kistemaker LEM, Prakash YS. Airway Innervation and Plasticity in Asthma. Physiology (Bethesda) 2020; 34:283-298. [PMID: 31165683 DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00050.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Airway nerves represent a mechanistically and therapeutically important aspect that requires better highlighting in the context of diseases such as asthma. Altered structure and function (plasticity) of afferent and efferent airway innervation can contribute to airway diseases. We describe established anatomy, current understanding of how plasticity occurs, and contributions of plasticity to asthma, focusing on target-derived growth factors (neurotrophins). Perspectives toward novel treatment strategies and future research are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- L E M Kistemaker
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands.,GRIAC Research Institute, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Y S Prakash
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota.,Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota
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26
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Bankova LG, Barrett NA. Epithelial cell function and remodeling in nasal polyposis. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2020; 124:333-341. [PMID: 32007569 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2020.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review the latest discoveries on airway epithelial cell diversity and remodeling in type 2 inflammation, including nasal polyposis. DATA SOURCES Reviews and primary research manuscripts were identified from PubMed, Google, and Bioarchives, using the search words airway epithelium, nasal polyposis, or chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis AND basal cell, ciliated cell, secretory cell, goblet cell, neuroendocrine cell, pulmonary neuroendocrine cell, ionocyte, brush cell, solitary chemosensory cell, microvillus cell, or tuft cell. STUDY SELECTIONS Studies were selected based on novelty and likely relevance to airway epithelial innate immune functions or the pathobiology of type 2 inflammation. RESULTS Airway epithelial cells are more diverse than previously appreciated, with specialized subsets, including ionocytes, solitary chemosensory cells, and neuroendocrine cells that contribute to important innate immune functions. In chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis, the composition of the epithelium is significantly altered. Loss of ciliated cells and submucosal glands and an increase in basal airway epithelial progenitors leads to loss of innate immune functions and an expansion of proinflammatory potential. Type 2 cytokines play a major role in driving this process. CONCLUSION Airway epithelial remodeling in chronic rhinosinusitis is extensive, leading to loss of innate immune function and enhanced proinflammatory potential. The mechanisms driving airway remodeling and its sequelae deserve further attention before restitution of epithelial differentiation can be considered a reasonable therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lora G Bankova
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Nora A Barrett
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
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Wang W, Cohen JA, Wallrapp A, Trieu KG, Barrios J, Shao F, Krishnamoorthy N, Kuchroo VK, Jones MR, Fine A, Bai Y, Ai X. Age-Related Dopaminergic Innervation Augments T Helper 2-Type Allergic Inflammation in the Postnatal Lung. Immunity 2019; 51:1102-1118.e7. [PMID: 31757673 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2019.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Young children are more susceptible to developing allergic asthma than adults. As neural innervation of the peripheral tissue continues to develop after birth, neurons may modulate tissue inflammation in an age-related manner. Here we showed that sympathetic nerves underwent a dopaminergic-to-adrenergic transition during post-natal development of the lung in mice and humans. Dopamine signaled through a specific dopamine receptor (DRD4) to promote T helper 2 (Th2) cell differentiation. The dopamine-DRD4 pathway acted synergistically with the cytokine IL-4 by upregulating IL-2-STAT5 signaling and reducing inhibitory histone trimethylation at Th2 gene loci. In murine models of allergen exposure, the dopamine-DRD4 pathway augmented Th2 inflammation in the lungs of young mice. However, this pathway operated marginally after sympathetic nerves became adrenergic in the adult lung. Taken together, the communication between dopaminergic nerves and CD4+ T cells provides an age-related mechanism underlying the susceptibility to allergic inflammation in the early lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jonathan A Cohen
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Antonia Wallrapp
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kenneth G Trieu
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Juliana Barrios
- The Pulmonary Center, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Fengzhi Shao
- The Pulmonary Center, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nandini Krishnamoorthy
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vijay K Kuchroo
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Matthew R Jones
- The Pulmonary Center, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alan Fine
- The Pulmonary Center, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; The West Roxbury Veteran's Hospital, West Roxbury, MA, USA
| | - Yan Bai
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xingbin Ai
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
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Lee Y, Kim MT, Rhodes G, Sack K, Son SJ, Rich CB, Kolachalama VB, Gabel CV, Trinkaus-Randall V. Sustained Ca2+ mobilizations: A quantitative approach to predict their importance in cell-cell communication and wound healing. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0213422. [PMID: 31017899 PMCID: PMC6481807 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial wound healing requires the coordination of cells to migrate as a unit over the basement membrane after injury. To understand the process of this coordinated movement, it is critical to study the dynamics of cell-cell communication. We developed a method to characterize the injury-induced sustained Ca2+ mobilizations that travel between cells for periods of time up to several hours. These events of communication are concentrated along the wound edge and are reduced in cells further away from the wound. Our goal was to delineate the role and contribution of these sustained mobilizations and using MATLAB analyses, we determined the probability of cell-cell communication events in both in vitro models and ex vivo organ culture models. We demonstrated that the injury response was complex and represented the activation of a number of receptors. In addition, we found that pannexin channels mediated the cell-cell communication and motility. Furthermore, the sustained Ca2+ mobilizations are associated with changes in cell morphology and motility during wound healing. The results demonstrate that both purinoreceptors and pannexins regulate the sustained Ca2+ mobilization necessary for cell-cell communication in wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoonjoo Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Min Tae Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Garrett Rhodes
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Kelsey Sack
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Sung Jun Son
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Celeste B. Rich
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Vijaya B. Kolachalama
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Christopher V. Gabel
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Vickery Trinkaus-Randall
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
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30
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Li J, Chen Y, Chen QY, Liu D, Xu L, Cheng G, Yang X, Guo Z, Zeng Y. Role of transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (TRPV1) on ozone-exacerbated allergic asthma in mice. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 247:586-594. [PMID: 30708321 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.01.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Around the globe, worsening air pollution is spawning major public health and environmental concerns, especially in the poorest and most populous cities. As a major secondary air pollutant, ozone is a potential risk factor for exacerbated asthma, although the underlying mechanisms remain uncertain. In this study, we aim to investigate the role of ozone on asthma exacerbation using a classic asthmatic model with allergic airway inflammation by treating Balb/c mice with ovalbumin (OVA). Our study shows ozone exposure significantly exacerbated OVA-induced asthmatic phenotypes, including serum immunoglobulin, Th cytokines, inflammatory cell counts, mucus production, airway remodeling, and airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR). Interestingly, expression of transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member1 (TRPV1) was also significantly elevated in ozone-exacerbated asthmatic mice and that treatment with TRPV1 antagonist effectively suppressed AHR, airway inflammation and remodeling. The underlying mechanisms of these effects may be associated with suppression of neuropeptide calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), an epithelial cell-derived cytokine. Base on the role of TRPV1 in allergic asthma, this study further revealed that inhibition of TRPV1 by TRPV1 antagonist has significant anti-inflammatory effects on ozone-induced asthma exacerbation in this study. Induction of TRPV1 expression may be an important mechanism underlying the increased risks for asthma after exposure to environmental pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinquan Li
- Brain and Cognitive Dysfunction Research Center, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China; Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China; Big Data Science and Engineering Research Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Yushan Chen
- Brain and Cognitive Dysfunction Research Center, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Qiao Yi Chen
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, 57 Old Forge, Tuxedo, NY 10987, United States
| | - Dan Liu
- Brain and Cognitive Dysfunction Research Center, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Lang Xu
- Brain and Cognitive Dysfunction Research Center, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Guirong Cheng
- Brain and Cognitive Dysfunction Research Center, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Xu Yang
- Section of Environmental Biomedicine, Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, College of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Zhenzhong Guo
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China.
| | - Yan Zeng
- Brain and Cognitive Dysfunction Research Center, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China; Big Data Science and Engineering Research Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China.
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Yamada M, Ichinose M. The Cholinergic Pathways in Inflammation: A Potential Pharmacotherapeutic Target for COPD. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1426. [PMID: 30559673 PMCID: PMC6287026 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In COPD, the activity of the cholinergic system is increased, which is one of the reasons for the airflow limitation caused by the contraction of airway smooth muscles. Therefore, blocking the contractive actions with anticholinergics is a useful therapeutic intervention to reduce the airflow limitation. In addition to the effects of bronchoconstriction and mucus secretion, accumulating evidence from animal models of COPD suggest acetylcholine has a role in inflammation. Experiments using muscarinic M3-receptor deficient mice or M3 selective antagonists revealed that M3-receptors on parenchymal cells, but not on hematopoietic cells, are involved in the pro-inflammatory effect of acetylcholine. Recently, combinations of long-acting β2 adrenergic agonists (LABAs) and long-acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMAs) have become available for COPD treatment. These dual long-acting bronchodilators may have synergistic anti-inflammatory effects because stimulation of β2 adrenergic receptors induces inhibitory effects in inflammatory cells via a different signaling pathway from that by antagonizing M3-receptor, though these anti-inflammatory effects have not been clearly demonstrated in COPD patients. In contrast to the pro-inflammatory effects by ACh via muscarinic receptors, it has been demonstrated that the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway, which involves the parasympathetic nervous systems, regulates excessive inflammatory responses to protect organs during tissue injury and infection. Stimulation of acetylcholine via the α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR) exerts inhibitory effects on leukocytes including macrophages and type 2 innate lymphoid cells. Although it remains unclear whether the inhibitory effects of acetylcholine via α7nAChR in inflammatory cells can regulate inflammation in COPD, neuroimmune interactions including the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway might serve as potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuhiro Yamada
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masakazu Ichinose
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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Reznikov LR, Liao YSJ, Gu T, Davis KM, Kuan SP, Atanasova KR, Dadural JS, Collins EN, Guevara MV, Vogt K. Sex-specific airway hyperreactivity and sex-specific transcriptome remodeling in neonatal piglets challenged with intra-airway acid. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2018; 316:L131-L143. [PMID: 30407862 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00417.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute airway acidification is a potent stimulus of sensory nerves and occurs commonly with gastroesophageal reflux disease, cystic fibrosis, and asthma. In infants and adults, airway acidification can acutely precipitate asthma-like symptoms, and treatment-resistant asthma can be associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease. Airway protective behaviors, such as mucus secretion and airway smooth muscle contraction, are often exaggerated in asthma. These behaviors are manifested through activation of neural circuits. In some populations, the neural response to acid might be particularly important. For example, the immune response in infants is relatively immature compared with adults. Infants also have a high frequency of gastroesophageal reflux. Thus, in the current study, we compared the transcriptomes of an airway-nervous system circuit (e.g., tracheal epithelia, nodose ganglia, and brain stem) in neonatal piglets challenged with intra-airway acid. We hypothesized that the identification of parallel changes in the transcriptomes of two neutrally connected tissues might reveal the circuit response, and, hence, molecules important for the manifestation of asthma-like features. Intra-airway acid induced airway hyperreactivity and airway obstruction in male piglets. In contrast, female piglets displayed airway obstruction without airway hyperreactivity. Pairwise comparisons revealed parallel changes in genes directly implicated in airway hyperreactivity ( scn10a) in male acid-challenged piglets, whereas acid-challenged females exhibited parallel changes in genes associated with mild asthma ( stat 1 and isg15). These findings reveal sex-specific responses to acute airway acidification and highlight distinct molecules within a neural circuit that might be critical for the manifestation of asthma-like symptoms in pediatric populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah R Reznikov
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida
| | - Yan Shin J Liao
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida
| | - Tongjun Gu
- Bioinformatics, Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida
| | - Katelyn M Davis
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida
| | - Shin Ping Kuan
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida
| | - Kalina R Atanasova
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida
| | - Joshua S Dadural
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida
| | - Emily N Collins
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida
| | - Maria V Guevara
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida
| | - Kevin Vogt
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida
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Abstract
The interplay between the immune and nervous systems has been acknowledged in the past, but only more recent studies have started to unravel the cellular and molecular players of such interactions. Mounting evidence indicates that environmental signals are sensed by discrete neuro-immune cell units (NICUs), which represent defined anatomical locations in which immune and neuronal cells colocalize and functionally interact to steer tissue physiology and protection. These units have now been described in multiple tissues throughout the body, including lymphoid organs, adipose tissue, and mucosal barriers. As such, NICUs are emerging as important orchestrators of multiple physiological processes, including hematopoiesis, organogenesis, inflammation, tissue repair, and thermogenesis. In this review we focus on the impact of NICUs in tissue physiology and how this fast-evolving field is driving a paradigm shift in our understanding of immunoregulation and organismal physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Godinho-Silva
- Champalimaud Research, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, 1400-038 Lisboa, Portugal; , ,
| | - Filipa Cardoso
- Champalimaud Research, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, 1400-038 Lisboa, Portugal; , ,
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Sui P, Wiesner DL, Xu J, Zhang Y, Lee J, Van Dyken S, Lashua A, Yu C, Klein BS, Locksley RM, Deutsch G, Sun X. Pulmonary neuroendocrine cells amplify allergic asthma responses. Science 2018; 360:eaan8546. [PMID: 29599193 PMCID: PMC6387886 DOI: 10.1126/science.aan8546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 252] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2017] [Revised: 02/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary neuroendocrine cells (PNECs) are rare airway epithelial cells whose function is poorly understood. Here we show that Ascl1-mutant mice that have no PNECs exhibit severely blunted mucosal type 2 response in models of allergic asthma. PNECs reside in close proximity to group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) near airway branch points. PNECs act through calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) to stimulate ILC2s and elicit downstream immune responses. In addition, PNECs act through the neurotransmitter γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) to induce goblet cell hyperplasia. The instillation of a mixture of CGRP and GABA in Ascl1-mutant airways restores both immune and goblet cell responses. In accordance, lungs from human asthmatics show increased PNECs. These findings demonstrate that the PNEC-ILC2 neuroimmunological modules function at airway branch points to amplify allergic asthma responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Sui
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
- Laboratory of Genetics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Darin L Wiesner
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Jinhao Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
- Laboratory of Genetics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
- Laboratory of Genetics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Jinwoo Lee
- Department of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Steven Van Dyken
- Department of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Amber Lashua
- Laboratory of Genetics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Chuyue Yu
- Zhiyuan College, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bruce S Klein
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Richard M Locksley
- Department of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Gail Deutsch
- Department of Laboratories, Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Xin Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA.
- Laboratory of Genetics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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Garantziotis S, Tighe RM. Inflammation Gets on the Lung's Nerves: IL-17 and Neuroendocrine Cells Mediate Ozone Responses in Obesity. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2018; 58:284-285. [PMID: 29493325 PMCID: PMC5854962 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2017-0363ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Stavros Garantziotis
- 1 Division of Intramural Research National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Research Triangle Park, North Carolina and
| | - Robert M Tighe
- 2 Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine Duke University Medical Center Durham, North Carolina
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Asthma is a chronic airway disease that affects more than 300 million people worldwide. Current treatment focuses on symptomatic relief by temporally dampening inflammation and relaxing the airway. Novel combative strategies against asthma and hopefully a cure are yet to be developed. The goal of this review is to summarize recent literature on neurotrophins (NTs) in experimental models and clinical settings of asthma research. RECENT FINDINGS We highlight studies of early phases of asthma that collectively reveal a profound impact of elevated NT levels following initial detrimental insults on long-term airway dysfunction. We hope this review will foster insights into the complex interaction between NTs, nerves, immune cells, and airway structural cells during a critical time window of development and disease susceptibility. Future studies are required to better understand the role of NTs in asthma pathophysiology and to evaluate whether NTs and their receptors may serve as new drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Barrios
- The Pulmonary Center, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Xingbin Ai
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Thorn Building, Rm. 905, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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