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Guo L, Huang E, Wang T, Ling Y, Li Z. Exploring the molecular mechanisms of asthma across multiple datasets. Ann Med 2024; 56:2258926. [PMID: 38489401 PMCID: PMC10946276 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2258926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma, a prevalent chronic respiratory disorder, remains enigmatic, notwithstanding considerable advancements in our comprehension. Continuous efforts are crucial for discovering novel molecular targets and gaining a comprehensive understanding of its pathogenesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, we analyzed gene expression data from 212 individuals, including asthma patients and healthy controls, to identify 267 differentially expressed genes, among which C1orf64 and C7orf26 emerged as potential key genes in asthma pathogenesis. Various bioinformatics tools, including differential gene expression analysis, pathway enrichment, drug target prediction, and single-cell analysis, were employed to explore the potential roles of the genes. RESULTS Quantitative PCR demonstrated differential expression of C1orf64 and C7orf26 in the asthmatic airway epithelial tissue, implying their potential involvement in asthma pathogenesis. GSEA enrichment analysis revealed significant enrichment of these genes in signaling pathways associated with asthma progression, such as ABC transporters, cell cycle, CAMs, DNA replication, and the Notch signaling pathway. Drug target prediction, based on upregulated and downregulated differential expression, highlighted potential asthma treatments, including Tyrphostin-AG-126, Cephalin, Verrucarin-a, and Emetine. The selection of these drugs was based on their significance in the analysis and their established anti-inflammatory and antiviral invasion properties. Utilizing Seurat and Celldex packages for single-cell sequencing analysis unveiled disease-specific gene expression patterns and cell types. Expression of C1orf64 and C7orf26 in T cells, NK cells, and B cells, instrumental in promoting hallmark features of asthma, was observed, suggesting their potential influence on asthma development and progression. CONCLUSION This study uncovers novel genetic aspects of asthma, highlighting potential therapeutic pathways. It exemplifies the power of integrative bioinformatics in decoding complex disease patterns. However, these findings require further validation, and the precise roles of C1orf64 and C7orf26 in asthma warrant additional investigation to validate their therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianshan Guo
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Enhao Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Tongting Wang
- Department of Nursing, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yun Ling
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Zhengzhao Li
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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2
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Pang X, Liu X. Immune Dysregulation in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Immunol Invest 2024; 53:652-694. [PMID: 38573590 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2024.2334296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a disease whose incidence increase with age and is characterised by chronic inflammation and significant immune dysregulation. Inhalation of toxic substances cause oxidative stress in the lung tissue as well as airway inflammation, under the recruitment of chemokines, immune cells gathered and are activated to play a defensive role. However, persistent inflammation damages the immune system and leads to immune dysregulation, which is mainly manifested in the reduction of the body's immune response to antigens, and immune cells function are impaired, further destroy the respiratory defensive system, leading to recurrent lower respiratory infections and progressive exacerbation of the disease, thus immune dysregulation play an important role in the pathogenesis of COPD. This review summarizes the changes of innate and adaptive immune-related cells during the pathogenesis of COPD, aiming to control COPD airway inflammation and improve lung tissue remodelling by regulating immune dysregulation, for further reducing the risk of COPD progression and opening new avenues of therapeutic intervention in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xichen Pang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Gerontal Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaoju Liu
- Department of Gerontal Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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3
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Yu F, Gao L, Xu K, Yang X, Zhang J, Tang Y, Ma Z, Gu W, Wu B, Shi Y. Protective effect of liver X receptor on cigarette smoke and lipopolysaccharide induced airway inflammation and emphysema in mice. Exp Lung Res 2024; 50:53-64. [PMID: 38509754 DOI: 10.1080/01902148.2024.2329436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to assess the impact of Liver X receptors (LXRs) on airway inflammation, airway remodeling, and lipid deposition induced by cigarette smoke and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure in the lung. METHODS Wild mice and LXR-deficient mice were exposed to cigarette smoke and LPS to induce airway inflammation and remodeling. In addition, some wild mice received intraperitoneal treatment with the LXR agonist GW3965 before exposure to cigarette smoke and LPS. Lung tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were collected to evaluate airway inflammation, airway remodeling and lipid deposition. RESULTS Exposure to cigarette smoke and LPS resulted in airway inflammation, emphysema and lipid accumulation in wild mice. These mice also exhibited downregulated LXRα and ABCA1 in the lung. Treatment with GW3965 mitigated inflammation, remodeling and lipid deposition, while the deletion of LXRs exacerbated these effects. Furthermore, GW3965 treatment following exposure to cigarette smoke and LPS increased LXRα and ABCA1 expression and attenuated MyD88 expression in wild mice. CONCLUSION LXRs demonstrate the potential to mitigate cigarette smoke and LPS- induced airway inflammation, emphysema and lipid disposition in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenfang Yu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lin Gao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing YuHua Hospital, Yuhua Branch of Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaobing Yang
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Junran Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Tang
- Department of Thoracic surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhifei Ma
- Department of Thoracic surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Gu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bining Wu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing YuHua Hospital, Yuhua Branch of Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Shi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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4
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Meshanni JA, Lee JM, Vayas KN, Sun R, Jiang C, Guo GL, Gow AJ, Laskin JD, Laskin DL. Suppression of Lung Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Fibrosis following Nitrogen Mustard Exposure by the Selective Farnesoid X Receptor Agonist Obeticholic Acid. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2024; 388:586-595. [PMID: 37188530 PMCID: PMC10801770 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.123.001557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen mustard (NM) is a cytotoxic vesicant known to cause pulmonary injury that can progress to fibrosis. NM toxicity is associated with an influx of inflammatory macrophages in the lung. Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) is a nuclear receptor involved in bile acid and lipid homeostasis that has anti-inflammatory activity. In these studies, we analyzed the effects of FXR activation on lung injury, oxidative stress, and fibrosis induced by NM. Male Wistar rats were exposed to phosphate-buffered saline (vehicle control) or NM (0.125 mg/kg) by intratracheal Penncentury-MicroSprayer aerosolization; this was followed by treatment with the FXR synthetic agonist, obeticholic acid (OCA, 15 mg/kg), or vehicle control (0.13-0.18 g peanut butter) 2 hours later and then once per day, 5 days per week thereafter for 28 days. NM caused histopathological changes in the lung, including epithelial thickening, alveolar circularization, and pulmonary edema. Picrosirius red staining and lung hydroxyproline content were increased, indicative of fibrosis; foamy lipid-laden macrophages were also identified in the lung. This was associated with aberrations in pulmonary function, including increases in resistance and hysteresis. Following NM exposure, lung expression of HO-1 and iNOS, and the ratio of nitrates/nitrites in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL), markers of oxidative stress increased, along with BAL levels of inflammatory proteins, fibrinogen, and sRAGE. Administration of OCA attenuated NM-induced histopathology, oxidative stress, inflammation, and altered lung function. These findings demonstrate that FXR plays a role in limiting NM-induced lung injury and chronic disease, suggesting that activating FXR may represent an effective approach to limiting NM-induced toxicity. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: In this study, the role of farnesoid-X-receptor (FXR) in mustard vesicant-induced pulmonary toxicity was analyzed using nitrogen mustard (NM) as a model. This study's findings that administration of obeticholic acid, an FXR agonist, to rats reduces NM-induced pulmonary injury, oxidative stress, and fibrosis provide novel mechanistic insights into vesicant toxicity, which may be useful in the development of efficacious therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaclynn A Meshanni
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy (J.A.M., J.M.L., K.N.V., R.S., C.J., G.L.G., A.J.G., D.L.L.) and Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Justice, School of Public Health (J.D.L.), Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Jordan M Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy (J.A.M., J.M.L., K.N.V., R.S., C.J., G.L.G., A.J.G., D.L.L.) and Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Justice, School of Public Health (J.D.L.), Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Kinal N Vayas
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy (J.A.M., J.M.L., K.N.V., R.S., C.J., G.L.G., A.J.G., D.L.L.) and Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Justice, School of Public Health (J.D.L.), Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Rachel Sun
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy (J.A.M., J.M.L., K.N.V., R.S., C.J., G.L.G., A.J.G., D.L.L.) and Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Justice, School of Public Health (J.D.L.), Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Chenghui Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy (J.A.M., J.M.L., K.N.V., R.S., C.J., G.L.G., A.J.G., D.L.L.) and Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Justice, School of Public Health (J.D.L.), Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Grace L Guo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy (J.A.M., J.M.L., K.N.V., R.S., C.J., G.L.G., A.J.G., D.L.L.) and Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Justice, School of Public Health (J.D.L.), Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Andrew J Gow
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy (J.A.M., J.M.L., K.N.V., R.S., C.J., G.L.G., A.J.G., D.L.L.) and Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Justice, School of Public Health (J.D.L.), Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Jeffrey D Laskin
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy (J.A.M., J.M.L., K.N.V., R.S., C.J., G.L.G., A.J.G., D.L.L.) and Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Justice, School of Public Health (J.D.L.), Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Debra L Laskin
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy (J.A.M., J.M.L., K.N.V., R.S., C.J., G.L.G., A.J.G., D.L.L.) and Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Justice, School of Public Health (J.D.L.), Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey
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5
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Chen F, Matsuda A, Budinger GRS, Sporn PHS, Casalino-Matsuda SM. Hypercapnia increases ACE2 expression and pseudo-SARS-CoV-2 entry in bronchial epithelial cells by augmenting cellular cholesterol. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1251120. [PMID: 37901225 PMCID: PMC10600497 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1251120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with chronic lung disease, obesity, and other co-morbid conditions are at increased risk of severe illness and death when infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Hypercapnia, the elevation of CO2 in blood and tissue, commonly occurs in patients with severe acute and chronic lung disease, including those with pulmonary infections, and is also associated with high mortality risk. We previously reported that hypercapnia increases viral replication and mortality of influenza A virus infection in mice. We have also shown that culture in elevated CO2 upregulates expression of cholesterol synthesis genes in primary human bronchial epithelial cells. Interestingly, factors that increase the cholesterol content of lipid rafts and lipid droplets, platforms for viral entry and assembly, enhance SARS-CoV-2 infection. In the current study, we investigated the effects of hypercapnia on ACE2 expression and entry of SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus (p-SARS-CoV-2) into airway epithelial cells. We found that hypercapnia increased ACE2 expression and p-SARS-CoV-2 uptake by airway epithelium in mice, and in cultured VERO and human bronchial epithelial cells. Hypercapnia also increased total cellular and lipid raft-associated cholesterol in epithelial cells. Moreover, reducing cholesterol synthesis with inhibitors of sterol regulatory element binding protein 2 (SREBP2) or statins, and depletion of cellular cholesterol, each blocked the hypercapnia-induced increases in ACE2 expression and p-SARS-CoV-2 entry into epithelial cells. Cigarette smoke extract (CSE) also increased ACE2 expression, p-SARS-CoV-2 entry and cholesterol accumulation in epithelial cells, an effect not additive to that of hypercapnia, but also inhibited by statins. These findings reveal a mechanism that may account, in part, for poor clinical outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with advanced lung disease and hypercapnia, and in those who smoke cigarettes. Further, our results suggest the possibility that cholesterol-lowering therapies may be of particular benefit in patients with hypercapnia when exposed to or infected with SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Chen
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Aiko Matsuda
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - G. R. Scott Budinger
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
- Research Service, Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Peter H. S. Sporn
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
- Research Service, Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - S. Marina Casalino-Matsuda
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
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6
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Fan LC, McConn K, Plataki M, Kenny S, Williams NC, Kim K, Quirke JA, Chen Y, Sauler M, Möbius ME, Chung KP, Area Gomez E, Choi AM, Xu JF, Cloonan SM. Alveolar type II epithelial cell FASN maintains lipid homeostasis in experimental COPD. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e163403. [PMID: 37606038 PMCID: PMC10543729 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.163403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Alveolar epithelial type II (AEC2) cells strictly regulate lipid metabolism to maintain surfactant synthesis. Loss of AEC2 cell function and surfactant production are implicated in the pathogenesis of the smoking-related lung disease chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Whether smoking alters lipid synthesis in AEC2 cells and whether altering lipid metabolism in AEC2 cells contributes to COPD development are unclear. In this study, high-throughput lipidomic analysis revealed increased lipid biosynthesis in AEC2 cells isolated from mice chronically exposed to cigarette smoke (CS). Mice with a targeted deletion of the de novo lipogenesis enzyme, fatty acid synthase (FASN), in AEC2 cells (FasniΔAEC2) exposed to CS exhibited higher bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) neutrophils, higher BALF protein, and more severe airspace enlargement. FasniΔAEC2 mice exposed to CS had lower levels of key surfactant phospholipids but higher levels of BALF ether phospholipids, sphingomyelins, and polyunsaturated fatty acid-containing phospholipids, as well as increased BALF surface tension. FasniΔAEC2 mice exposed to CS also had higher levels of protective ferroptosis markers in the lung. These data suggest that AEC2 cell FASN modulates the response of the lung to smoke by regulating the composition of the surfactant phospholipidome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Chao Fan
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Keith McConn
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Maria Plataki
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Sarah Kenny
- School of Medicine, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, and
| | | | - Kihwan Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Yan Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Maor Sauler
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | | | - Kuei-Pin Chung
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Estela Area Gomez
- Division of Neuromuscular Medicine, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Neurological Institute, New York, New York, USA
- Center for Biological Research “Margarita Salas”, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Augustine M.K. Choi
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jin-Fu Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Suzanne M. Cloonan
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- School of Medicine, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, and
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Kotlyarov S. The Role of Smoking in the Mechanisms of Development of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Atherosclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108725. [PMID: 37240069 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Tobacco smoking is a major cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). These diseases share common pathogenesis and significantly influence each other's clinical presentation and prognosis. There is increasing evidence that the mechanisms underlying the comorbidity of COPD and ASCVD are complex and multifactorial. Smoking-induced systemic inflammation, impaired endothelial function and oxidative stress may contribute to the development and progression of both diseases. The components present in tobacco smoke can have adverse effects on various cellular functions, including macrophages and endothelial cells. Smoking may also affect the innate immune system, impair apoptosis, and promote oxidative stress in the respiratory and vascular systems. The purpose of this review is to discuss the importance of smoking in the mechanisms underlying the comorbid course of COPD and ASCVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav Kotlyarov
- Department of Nursing, Ryazan State Medical University, 390026 Ryazan, Russia
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8
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The Relationship of Cholesterol Responses to Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Lung Inflammation in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:medicina59020253. [PMID: 36837454 PMCID: PMC9958740 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59020253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia is frequently reported in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients and is linked to the progression of the disease and its comorbidities. Hypercholesterolemia leads to cholesterol accumulation in many cell types, especially immune cells, and some recent studies suggest that cholesterol impacts lung epithelial cells' inflammatory responses and mitochondrial responses. Several studies also indicate that targeting cholesterol responses with either statins or liver X receptor (LXR) agonists may be plausible means of improving pulmonary outcomes. Equally, cholesterol metabolism and signaling are linked to mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation attributed to COPD progression. Here, we review the current literature focusing on the impact of cigarette smoke on cholesterol levels, cholesterol efflux, and the influence of cholesterol on immune and mitochondrial responses within the lungs.
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9
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Massara L, Gosset P. MicroRNA Control Lipid-laden Alveolar Macrophages in Smokers: A Potential Therapeutic Target for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease? Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2022; 67:619-620. [PMID: 36084079 PMCID: PMC9743187 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2022-0338ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Layal Massara
- Center for Infection and Immunity of LilleUniversity LilleLille, France,Center for Infection and Immunity of LilleINSERM U1019Lille, France,Center for Infection and Immunity of LilleCNRS UMR9017Lille, France,Center for Infection and Immunity of LilleInstitut Pasteur LilleLille, France,Center for Infection and Immunity of LilleCHRU LilleLille, France
| | - Philippe Gosset
- Center for Infection and Immunity of LilleUniversity LilleLille, France,Center for Infection and Immunity of LilleINSERM U1019Lille, France,Center for Infection and Immunity of LilleCNRS UMR9017Lille, France,Center for Infection and Immunity of LilleInstitut Pasteur LilleLille, France,Center for Infection and Immunity of LilleCHRU LilleLille, France
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10
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Kotlyarov S. High-Density Lipoproteins: A Role in Inflammation in COPD. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158128. [PMID: 35897703 PMCID: PMC9331387 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a widespread disease associated with high rates of disability and mortality. COPD is characterized by chronic inflammation in the bronchi as well as systemic inflammation, which contributes significantly to the clinically heterogeneous course of the disease. Lipid metabolism disorders are common in COPD, being a part of its pathogenesis. High-density lipoproteins (HDLs) are not only involved in lipid metabolism, but are also part of the organism’s immune and antioxidant defense. In addition, HDL is a versatile transport system for endogenous regulatory agents and is also involved in the removal of exogenous substances such as lipopolysaccharide. These functions, as well as information about lipoprotein metabolism disorders in COPD, allow a broader assessment of their role in the pathogenesis of heterogeneous and comorbid course of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav Kotlyarov
- Department of Nursing, Ryazan State Medical University, 390026 Ryazan, Russia
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11
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Effects of allyl isothiocyanate on the expression, function, and its mechanism of ABCA1 and ABCG1 in pulmonary of COPD rats. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 101:108373. [PMID: 34802946 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Allyl isothiocyanate(AITC) has been shown to play an important role in the improved symptoms of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) and the inhibition of inflammation, but the role in COPD lipid metabolism disorder and the molecular mechanism remains unclear. We aimed to explore whether and how AITC affects COPD by regulating lipid metabolism and inflammatory response. METHODS The COPD rat model was established by cigarette smoke exposure. Cigarette smoke extract stimulated 16HBE cells to induce a cell model. The effect of AITC treatment was detected by lung function test, H&E staining, Oil red O staining, immunohistochemistry, ELISA, CCK-8, HPLC, fluorescence efflux test, siRNA, RT-PCR, and Western blotting. Biological analysis was performed to analyze the results. Graphpad Prism 8.0 software was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS AITC can improve lung function and pathological injury in COPD rats. The levels of IL-1 β and TNF- α in the AITC treatment group were significantly lower than those in the model group(P < 0.05), and the lipid metabolism was also improved (P < 0.05). AITC reverses CSE-induced down-regulation of LXR α, ABCA1, and ABCG1 expression and function in a time-and concentration-dependent manner (P < 0.05). AITC regulates the cholesterol metabolism disorder induced by CSE in NR8383 cells and attenuates macrophage inflammation (P < 0.05). In addition, after silencing LXR α with siRNA, the effect of AITC was also inhibited. CONCLUSION These results suggest that AITC improves COPD by promoting RCT process and reducing inflammatory response via activating LXR pathways.
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Kotlyarov S, Kotlyarova A. Bioinformatic Analysis of ABCA1 Gene Expression in Smoking and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:674. [PMID: 34564491 PMCID: PMC8464760 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11090674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Smoking is a key modifiable risk factor for developing the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). When smoking, many processes, including the reverse transport of cholesterol mediated by the ATP binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) protein are disrupted in the lungs. Changes in the cholesterol content in the lipid rafts of plasma membranes can modulate the function of transmembrane proteins localized in them. It is believed that this mechanism participates in increasing the inflammation in COPD. METHODS Bioinformatic analysis of datasets from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) was carried out. Gene expression data from datasets of alveolar macrophages and the epithelium of the respiratory tract in smokers and COPD patients compared with non-smokers were used for the analysis. To evaluate differentially expressed genes, bioinformatic analysis was performed in comparison groups using the limma package in R (v. 4.0.2), and the GEO2R and Phantasus tools (v. 1.11.0). RESULTS The conducted bioinformatic analysis showed changes in the expression of the ABCA1 gene associated with smoking. In the alveolar macrophages of smokers, the expression levels of ABCA1 were lower than in non-smokers. At the same time, in most of the airway epithelial datasets, gene expression did not show any difference between the groups of smokers and non-smokers. In addition, it was shown that the expression of ABCA1 in the epithelial cells of the trachea and large bronchi is higher than in small bronchi. CONCLUSIONS The conducted bioinformatic analysis showed that smoking can influence the expression of the ABCA1 gene, thereby modulating lipid transport processes in macrophages, which are part of the mechanisms of inflammation development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav Kotlyarov
- Department of Nursing, Ryazan State Medical University, 390026 Ryazan, Russia
| | - Anna Kotlyarova
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Ryazan State Medical University, 390026 Ryazan, Russia;
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Adam G, Shiomi T, Monica G, Jarrod S, Vincent A, Becky M, Tina Z, Jeanine D. Suppression of cigarette smoke induced MMP1 expression by selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21519. [PMID: 34137477 PMCID: PMC9292461 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001966rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Globally, COPD remains a major cause of disability and death. In the United States alone, it is estimated that approximately 14 million people suffer from the disease. Given the high disease burden and requirement for chronic, long‐term medical care associated with COPD, it is essential that new disease modifying agents are developed to complement the symptomatic therapeutics currently available. In the present report, we have identified a potentially novel therapeutic agent through the use of a high throughput screen based on the knowledge that cigarette smoke induces the proteolytic enzyme MMP1 leading to destruction of the lung in COPD. A construct utilizing the cigarette responsive promoter element of MMP‐1 was conjugated to a luciferase reporter and utilized in an in vitro assay to screen the NIH Molecular Libraries Small Molecule Repository to identify putative targets that suppressed luciferase expression in response to cigarette smoke extract (CSE). Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors potently inhibited luciferase expression and were further validated. SSRI treatment suppressed MMP‐1 production in small airway epithelial cells exposed to (CSE) in vitro as well as in smoke exposed rabbits. In addition, SSRI treatment inhibited inflammatory cytokine production while rescuing cigarette smoke induced downregulation in vivo of the anti‐inflammatory lipid transporter ABCA1, previously shown by our laboratory to be lung protective. Importantly, SSRI treatment prevented lung destruction in smoke exposed rabbits as measured by morphometry. These studies support further investigation into SSRIs as a novel therapeutic for COPD may be warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerber Adam
- Department of Medicine, Anesthesiology, Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Takayuki Shiomi
- Center for Basic Medical Sciences, Graduate School, International University of Health and Welfare, Chiba, Japan
| | - Goldklang Monica
- Department of Medicine, Anesthesiology, Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sonett Jarrod
- Department of Medicine, Anesthesiology, Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anguiano Vincent
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mercer Becky
- Office of Academic Affairs, Palm Beach State College, Florida, USA
| | - Zelonina Tina
- Department of Medicine, Anesthesiology, Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - D'Armiento Jeanine
- Department of Medicine, Anesthesiology, Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
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Kotlyarov S, Kotlyarova A. Molecular Mechanisms of Lipid Metabolism Disorders in Infectious Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:7634. [PMID: 34299266 PMCID: PMC8308003 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Exacerbations largely determine the character of the progression and prognosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Exacerbations are connected with changes in the microbiological landscape in the bronchi due to a violation of their immune homeostasis. Many metabolic and immune processes involved in COPD progression are associated with bacterial colonization of the bronchi. The objective of this review is the analysis of the molecular mechanisms of lipid metabolism and immune response disorders in the lungs in COPD exacerbations. The complex role of lipid metabolism disorders in the pathogenesis of some infections is only beginning to be understood, however, there are already fewer and fewer doubts even now about its significance both in the pathogenesis of infectious exacerbations of COPD and in general in the progression of the disease. It is shown that the lipid rafts of the plasma membranes of cells are involved in many processes related to the detection of pathogens, signal transduction, the penetration of pathogens into the cell. Smoking disrupts the normally proceeded processes of lipid metabolism in the lungs, which is a part of the COPD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav Kotlyarov
- Department of Nursing, Ryazan State Medical University, 390026 Ryazan, Russia
| | - Anna Kotlyarova
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Ryazan State Medical University, 390026 Ryazan, Russia;
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15
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Kotlyarov S, Kotlyarova A. The Role of ABC Transporters in Lipid Metabolism and the Comorbid Course of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Atherosclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6711. [PMID: 34201488 PMCID: PMC8269124 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) ranks among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. COPD rarely occurs in isolation and is often combined with various diseases. It is considered that systemic inflammation underlies the comorbid course of COPD. The data obtained in recent years have shown the importance of violations of the cross-links of lipid metabolism and the immune response, which are links in the pathogenesis of both COPD and atherosclerosis. The role of lipid metabolism disorders in the pathogenesis of the comorbid course of COPD and atherosclerosis and the participation of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters in these processes is discussed in this article. It is known that about 20 representatives of a large family of ABC transporters provide lipid homeostasis of cells by moving lipids inside the cell and in its plasma membrane, as well as removing lipids from the cell. It was shown that some representatives of the ABC-transporter family are involved in various links of the pathogenesis of COPD and atherosclerosis, which can determine their comorbid course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav Kotlyarov
- Department of Nursing, Ryazan State Medical University, 390026 Ryazan, Russia
| | - Anna Kotlyarova
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Ryazan State Medical University, 390026 Ryazan, Russia;
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Raber J, Perez R, Torres ERS, Krenik D, Boutros S, Patel E, Chlebowski AC, Torres ER, Perveen Z, Penn A, Paulsen DB, Bartlett MG, Jia E, Holden S, Hall R, Morré J, Wong C, Ho E, Choi J, Stevens JF, Noël A, Bobe G, Kisby G. Effects of Chronic Secondhand Smoke (SHS) Exposure on Cognitive Performance and Metabolic Pathways in the Hippocampus of Wild-Type and Human Tau Mice. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2021; 129:57009. [PMID: 34009016 PMCID: PMC8132614 DOI: 10.1289/ehp8428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) is a risk factor for developing sporadic forms of sporadic dementia. A human tau (htau) mouse model is available that exhibits age-dependent tau dysregulation, neurofibrillary tangles, neuronal loss, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress starting at an early age (3-4 months) and in which tau dysregulation and neuronal loss correlate with synaptic dysfunction and cognitive decline. OBJECTIVE The goal of this study was to assess the effects of chronic SHS exposure (10 months' exposure to ∼30 mg/m3) on behavioral and cognitive function, metabolism, and neuropathology in mice. METHODS Wild-type (WT) and htau female and male mice were exposed to SHS (90% side stream, 10% main stream) using the SCIREQ® inExpose™ system or air control for 168 min per day, for 312 d, 7 d per week. The exposures continued during the days of behavioral and cognitive testing. In addition to behavioral and cognitive performance and neuropathology, the lungs of mice were examined for pathology and alterations in gene expression. RESULTS Mice exposed to chronic SHS exposure showed the following genotype-dependent responses: a) lower body weights in WT, but not htau, mice; b) less spontaneous alternation in WT, but not htau, mice in the Y maze; c) faster swim speeds of WT, but not htau, mice in the water maze; d) lower activity levels of WT and htau mice in the open field; e) lower expression of brain PHF1, TTCM1, IGF1β, and HSP90 protein levels in WT male, but not female, mice; and f) more profound effects on hippocampal metabolic pathways in WT male than female mice and more profound effects in WT than htau mice. DISCUSSION The brain of WT mice, in particular WT male mice, might be especially susceptible to the effects of chronic SHS exposure. In WT males, independent pathways involving ascorbate, flavin adenine dinucleotide, or palmitoleic acid might contribute to the hippocampal injury following chronic SHS exposure. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP8428.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Raber
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Departments of Neurology, Psychiatry, and Radiation Medicine, Division of Neuroscience ONPRC, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Ruby Perez
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Eileen Ruth S. Torres
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Destine Krenik
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Sydney Boutros
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Esha Patel
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Anna C. Chlebowski
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific Northwest, Lebanon, Oregon, USA
| | - Estefania Ramos Torres
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific Northwest, Lebanon, Oregon, USA
| | - Zakia Perveen
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Louisiana State University School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Arthur Penn
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Louisiana State University School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Daniel B. Paulsen
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, Louisiana State University School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | | | - Enze Jia
- University of Georgia, College of Pharmacy, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Sarah Holden
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Reed Hall
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Jeffrey Morré
- Mass Spectrometry Core, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Carmen Wong
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
- Department of Animal Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Emily Ho
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
- College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Jaewoo Choi
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Jan Frederik Stevens
- College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Alexandra Noël
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Louisiana State University School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Gerd Bobe
- Mass Spectrometry Core, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Glen Kisby
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific Northwest, Lebanon, Oregon, USA
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Participation of ABCA1 Transporter in Pathogenesis of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073334. [PMID: 33805156 PMCID: PMC8037621 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the important medical and social problem. According to modern concepts, COPD is a chronic inflammatory disease, macrophages play a key role in its pathogenesis. Macrophages are heterogeneous in their functions, which is largely determined by their immunometabolic profile, as well as the features of lipid homeostasis, in which the ATP binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) plays an essential role. The objective of this work is the analysis of the ABCA1 protein participation and the function of reverse cholesterol transport in the pathogenesis of COPD. The expression of the ABCA1 gene in lung tissues takes the second place after the liver, which indicates the important role of the carrier in lung function. The participation of the transporter in the development of COPD consists in provision of lipid metabolism, regulation of inflammation, phagocytosis, and apoptosis. Violation of the processes in which ABCA1 is involved may be a part of the pathophysiological mechanisms, leading to the formation of a heterogeneous clinical course of the disease.
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Silencing matrix metalloproteinase-13 (Mmp-13) reduces inflammatory bone resorption associated with LPS-induced periodontal disease in vivo. Clin Oral Investig 2020; 25:3161-3172. [PMID: 33140162 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-020-03644-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of specific inhibition of MMP-13 on inflammation and inflammatory bone resorption in a murine model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced periodontitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Periodontitis was induced in mice by micro-injections of LPS into the gingival tissues adjacent to the palatal surfaces of maxillary molars twice a week for 15 days. Matrix metalloproteinase-13 (Mmp-13) shRNA or a specific biochemical inhibitor were also injected into the same sites in alternating days with the LPS injections. Efficacy of shRNA-mediated silencing of Mmp-13 was verified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and immunoblot. Bone resorption was assessed by microcomputed tomography (uCT). Histological sections stained with hematoxylin/eosin (H/E) were used in the stereometric analysis of the inflammatory infiltrate. Gingival tissues were used to evaluate expression of Mmp-13, Il-6, Tnf-α, Ptgs2, and Rankl (qPCR). Protein levels of TGF-β and IL-10 in the tissues were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) or by MMP-13 and p38 immunoblot. RESULTS Silencing Mmp-13 expression reduced bone resorption significantly. Expression of Mmp-13, Il-6, and Tnf-α, as well as the protein levels of IL-6 and TNF-α, was reduced in the animals treated with adenovirus-delivered shRNA; however, these effects were not associated with modulation of p38 MAPK signaling. Interestingly, inhibition Mmp-13 did not affect the severity of inflammatory infiltrate. CONCLUSIONS Site-specific inhibition of MMP-13 reduced bone resorption and production of inflammatory mediators associated with periodontal disease. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The results suggest that site-specific inhibition of MMP-13 may be an interesting strategy to modulate inflammation and reduce bone resorption in osteolytic inflammatory diseases.
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He P, Gelissen IC, Ammit AJ. Regulation of ATP binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) expression: cholesterol-dependent and - independent signaling pathways with relevance to inflammatory lung disease. Respir Res 2020; 21:250. [PMID: 32977800 PMCID: PMC7519545 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-020-01515-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of the ATP binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) in maintaining cellular lipid homeostasis in cardiovascular disease is well established. More recently, the important beneficial role played by ABCA1 in modulating pathogenic disease mechanisms, such as inflammation, in a broad range of chronic conditions has been realised. These studies position ABCA1 as a potential therapeutic target in a diverse range of diseases where inflammation is an underlying cause. Chronic respiratory conditions such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are driven by inflammation, and as such, there is now a growing recognition that we need a greater understanding of the signaling pathways responsible for regulation of ABCA1 expression in this clinical context. While the signaling pathways responsible for cholesterol-mediated ABCA1 expression have been clearly delineated through decades of studies in the atherosclerosis field, and thus far appear to be translatable to the respiratory field, less is known about the cholesterol-independent signaling pathways that can modulate ABCA1 expression in inflammatory lung disease. This review will identify the various signaling pathways and ligands that are associated with the regulation of ABCA1 expression and may be exploited in future as therapeutic targets in the setting of chronic inflammatory lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick He
- Woolcock Emphysema Centre, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ingrid C Gelissen
- Sydney Pharmacy School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Alaina J Ammit
- Woolcock Emphysema Centre, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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Agudelo CW, Samaha G, Garcia-Arcos I. Alveolar lipids in pulmonary disease. A review. Lipids Health Dis 2020; 19:122. [PMID: 32493486 PMCID: PMC7268969 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-020-01278-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung lipid metabolism participates both in infant and adult pulmonary disease. The lung is composed by multiple cell types with specialized functions and coordinately acting to meet specific physiologic requirements. The alveoli are the niche of the most active lipid metabolic cell in the lung, the type 2 cell (T2C). T2C synthesize surfactant lipids that are an absolute requirement for respiration, including dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine. After its synthesis and secretion into the alveoli, surfactant is recycled by the T2C or degraded by the alveolar macrophages (AM). Surfactant biosynthesis and recycling is tightly regulated, and dysregulation of this pathway occurs in many pulmonary disease processes. Alveolar lipids can participate in the development of pulmonary disease from their extracellular location in the lumen of the alveoli, and from their intracellular location in T2C or AM. External insults like smoke and pollution can disturb surfactant homeostasis and result in either surfactant insufficiency or accumulation. But disruption of surfactant homeostasis is also observed in many chronic adult diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and others. Sustained damage to the T2C is one of the postulated causes of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and surfactant homeostasis is disrupted during fibrotic conditions. Similarly, surfactant homeostasis is impacted during acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and infections. Bioactive lipids like eicosanoids and sphingolipids also participate in chronic lung disease and in respiratory infections. We review the most recent knowledge on alveolar lipids and their essential metabolic and signaling functions during homeostasis and during some of the most commonly observed pulmonary diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina W Agudelo
- Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, 11203, USA
| | - Ghassan Samaha
- Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, 11203, USA
| | - Itsaso Garcia-Arcos
- Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, 11203, USA.
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He P, Smith A, Gelissen IC, Ammit AJ. The effect of statins and the synthetic LXR agonist T0901317 on expression of ABCA1 transporter protein in human lung epithelial cell lines in vitro. Pharmacol Rep 2019; 71:1219-1226. [PMID: 31669886 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2019.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with dyslipidemia, an established co-morbidity. Statins treat hypercholesterolemia, but more recently have been trailed in the setting of COPD for their potential anti-inflammatory benefits. The outcomes of prospective trials however have been inconsistent. Thus, we hypothesize that the variation in results may have been due to statin-induced downregulation of ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1), thereby reducing cholesterol export. This study aims to elucidate whether statin treatment in a cellular model of COPD leads to a decrease in ABCA1 protein expression. METHODS To mimic the inflammatory environment of COPD, two commonly used lung epithelial cell lines (BEAS-2B and A549) were treated with tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and co-treated with cholesterol/25-hydroxycholesterol (25-OH) to mimic dyslipidemia. ABCA1 protein was detected by Western Blotting. RESULTS We unexpectedly showed that statins did not affect ABCA1 expression. However, the LXR agonist T0901317 significantly increased ABCA1 expression in both cell lines, while TNF, cholesterol or 25-OH induced ABCA1 protein upregulation in BEAS-2B cells, indicating cell line differences in response. There was also evidence of synergistic impacts of combined treatments on ABCA1 upregulation in BEAS-2B cells. CONCLUSION Statins did not have an impact on ABCA1 expression in lung epithelial cell lines, disproving our original hypothesis. However, we showed for the first time, the effect of the inflammatory cytokine TNF, cholesterol/25-OH, statins and the LXR agonist T0901317 on expression of ABCA1 transporter protein in human lung epithelial cell lines in vitro. We hope that these in vitro studies may prove beneficial for addressing dyslipidemia in COPD in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick He
- Woolcock Emphysema Centre, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Aaron Smith
- Woolcock Emphysema Centre, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Alaina J Ammit
- Woolcock Emphysema Centre, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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22
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Venosa A, Smith LC, Murray A, Banota T, Gow AJ, Laskin JD, Laskin DL. Regulation of Macrophage Foam Cell Formation During Nitrogen Mustard (NM)-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis by Lung Lipids. Toxicol Sci 2019; 172:344-358. [PMID: 31428777 PMCID: PMC6876262 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfz187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen mustard (NM) is a vesicant known to target the lung, causing acute injury which progresses to fibrosis. Evidence suggests that activated macrophages contribute to the pathologic response to NM. In these studies, we analyzed the role of lung lipids generated following NM exposure on macrophage activation and phenotype. Treatment of rats with NM (0.125 mg/kg, i.t.) resulted in a time-related increase in enlarged vacuolated macrophages in the lung. At 28 days postexposure, macrophages stained positively for Oil Red O, a marker of neutral lipids. This was correlated with an accumulation of oxidized phospholipids in lung macrophages and epithelial cells and increases in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL) phospholipids and cholesterol. RNA-sequencing and immunohistochemical analysis revealed that lipid handling pathways under the control of the transcription factors liver-X receptor (LXR), farnesoid-X receptor (FXR), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-ɣ, and sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP) were significantly altered following NM exposure. Whereas at 1-3 days post NM, FXR and the downstream oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor, Cd36, were increased, Lxr and the lipid efflux transporters, Abca1 and Abcg1, were reduced. Treatment of naïve lung macrophages with phospholipid and cholesterol enriched large aggregate fractions of BAL prepared 3 days after NM exposure resulted in upregulation of Nos2 and Ptgs2, markers of proinflammatory activation, whereas large aggregate fractions prepared 28 days post NM upregulated expression of the anti-inflammatory markers, Il10, Cd163, and Cx3cr1, and induced the formation of lipid-laden foamy macrophages. These data suggest that NM-induced alterations in lipid handling and metabolism drive macrophage foam cell formation, potentially contributing to the development of pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Venosa
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy
| | - Ley Cody Smith
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy
| | - Alexa Murray
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy
| | - Tanvi Banota
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy
| | - Andrew J Gow
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy
| | - Jeffrey D Laskin
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - Debra L Laskin
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy
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Mustra Rakic J, Liu C, Veeramachaneni S, Wu D, Paul L, Chen CYO, Ausman LM, Wang XD. Lycopene Inhibits Smoke-Induced Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Lung Carcinogenesis by Modulating Reverse Cholesterol Transport in Ferrets. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2019; 12:421-432. [PMID: 31177203 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-19-0063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer share the same etiologic factor, cigarette smoking. Higher consumption of dietary lycopene has been associated with lower risks of COPD and lung cancer in smokers. We investigated whether lycopene feeding protects against COPD and lung cancer in ferrets, a nonrodent model that closely mimics cigarette smoke (CS)-induced chronic bronchitis, emphysema, and lung tumorigenesis in human. We also explored whether the protective effect of lycopene is associated with restoring reverse cholesterol transport (RCT), a key driver in persistent inflammation with CS exposure. Ferrets (4 groups, n = 12-16/group) were exposed to a combination of tobacco carcinogen (NNK) and CS with or without consuming lycopene at low and high doses (equivalent to ∼30 and ∼90 mg lycopene/day in human, respectively) for 22 weeks. Results showed that dietary lycopene at a high dose significantly inhibited NNK/CS-induced chronic bronchitis, emphysema, and preneoplastic lesions, including squamous metaplasia and atypical adenomatous hyperplasia, as compared with the NNK/CS alone (P < 0.05). Lycopene feeding also tended to decrease the lung neoplastic lesions. Furthermore, lycopene feeding significantly inhibited NNK/CS-induced accumulation of total cholesterol, and increased mRNA expression of critical genes related to the RCT (PPARα, LXRα, and ATP-binding cassette transporters ABCA1 and ABCG1) in the lungs, which were downregulated by the NNK/CS exposure. The present study has provided the first evidence linking a protective role of dietary lycopene against COPD and preneoplastic lesions to RCT-mediated cholesterol accumulation in lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Mustra Rakic
- Nutrition and Cancer Biology Lab, Jean Mayer USDA-Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging (HNRCA) at Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts.,Biochemical and Molecular Nutrition Program, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Chun Liu
- Nutrition and Cancer Biology Lab, Jean Mayer USDA-Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging (HNRCA) at Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sudipta Veeramachaneni
- Nutrition and Cancer Biology Lab, Jean Mayer USDA-Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging (HNRCA) at Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Dayong Wu
- Biochemical and Molecular Nutrition Program, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts.,Nutritional Immunology Lab, JM USDA-HNRCA at Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ligi Paul
- Biochemical and Molecular Nutrition Program, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Developmental, Molecular and Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - C-Y Oliver Chen
- Biochemical and Molecular Nutrition Program, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lynne M Ausman
- Nutrition and Cancer Biology Lab, Jean Mayer USDA-Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging (HNRCA) at Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts.,Biochemical and Molecular Nutrition Program, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Xiang-Dong Wang
- Nutrition and Cancer Biology Lab, Jean Mayer USDA-Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging (HNRCA) at Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts. .,Biochemical and Molecular Nutrition Program, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
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24
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Mamazhakypov A, Schermuly RT, Schaefer L, Wygrecka M. Lipids - two sides of the same coin in lung fibrosis. Cell Signal 2019; 60:65-80. [PMID: 30998969 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2019.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is characterized by progressive extracellular matrix deposition in the lung parenchyma leading to the destruction of lung structure, respiratory failure and premature death. Recent studies revealed that the pathogenesis of IPF is associated with alterations in the synthesis and the activity of lipids, lipid regulating proteins and cell membrane lipid transporters and receptors in different lung cells. Furthermore, deregulated lipid metabolism was found to contribute to the profibrotic phenotypes of lung fibroblasts and alveolar epithelial cells. Consequently, several pharmacological agents, targeting lipids, lipid mediators, and lipoprotein receptors, was successfully tested in the animal models of lung fibrosis and entered early phase clinical trials. In this review, we highlight new therapeutic options to counteract disturbed lipid hemostasis in the maladaptive lung remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Argen Mamazhakypov
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany.
| | - Ralph T Schermuly
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany.
| | - Liliana Schaefer
- Goethe University School of Medicine, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Malgorzata Wygrecka
- Department of Biochemistry, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany.
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25
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Jubinville É, Routhier J, Maranda-Robitaille M, Pineault M, Milad N, Talbot M, Beaulieu MJ, Aubin S, Paré MÈ, Laplante M, Morissette MC. Pharmacological activation of liver X receptor during cigarette smoke exposure adversely affects alveolar macrophages and pulmonary surfactant homeostasis. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2019; 316:L669-L678. [PMID: 30702343 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00482.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Smoking alters pulmonary reverse lipid transport and leads to intracellular lipid accumulation in alveolar macrophages. We investigated whether stimulating reverse lipid transport with an agonist of the liver X receptor (LXR) would help alveolar macrophages limit lipid accumulation and dampen lung inflammation in response to cigarette smoke. Mice were exposed to cigarette smoke and treated intraperitoneally with the LXR agonist T0901317. Expression of lipid capture and lipid export genes was assessed in lung tissue and alveolar macrophages. Pulmonary inflammation was assessed in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). Finally, cholesterol efflux capacity and pulmonary surfactant levels were determined. In room air-exposed mice, T0901317 increased the expression of lipid export genes in macrophages and the whole lung and increased cholesterol efflux capacity without inducing inflammation or affecting the pulmonary surfactant. However, cigarette smoke-exposed mice treated with T0901317 showed a marked increase in BAL neutrophils, IL-1α, C-C motif chemokine ligand 2, and granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor levels. T0901317 treatment in cigarette smoke-exposed mice failed to increase the ability of alveolar macrophages to export cholesterol and markedly exacerbated IL-1α release. Finally, T0901317 led to pulmonary surfactant depletion only in cigarette smoke-exposed mice. This study shows that hyperactivation of LXR and the associated lipid capture/export mechanisms only have minor pulmonary effects on the normal lung. However, in the context of cigarette smoke exposure, where the pulmonary surfactant is constantly oxidized, hyperactivation of LXR has dramatic adverse effects, once again showing the central role of lipid homeostasis in the pulmonary response to cigarette smoke exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Éric Jubinville
- Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval , Quebec City, Quebec , Canada
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Université Laval , Quebec City, Quebec , Canada
| | - Joanie Routhier
- Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval , Quebec City, Quebec , Canada
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Université Laval , Quebec City, Quebec , Canada
| | | | - Marie Pineault
- Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval , Quebec City, Quebec , Canada
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Université Laval , Quebec City, Quebec , Canada
| | - Nadia Milad
- Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval , Quebec City, Quebec , Canada
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Université Laval , Quebec City, Quebec , Canada
| | - Maude Talbot
- Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval , Quebec City, Quebec , Canada
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Université Laval , Quebec City, Quebec , Canada
| | - Marie-Josée Beaulieu
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Université Laval , Quebec City, Quebec , Canada
| | - Sophie Aubin
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Université Laval , Quebec City, Quebec , Canada
| | - Marie-Ève Paré
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Université Laval , Quebec City, Quebec , Canada
| | - Mathieu Laplante
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Université Laval , Quebec City, Quebec , Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université Laval , Quebec City, Quebec , Canada
- Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mathieu C Morissette
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Université Laval , Quebec City, Quebec , Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université Laval , Quebec City, Quebec , Canada
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26
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The impact of cigarette smoke exposure, COPD, or asthma status on ABC transporter gene expression in human airway epithelial cells. Sci Rep 2019; 9:153. [PMID: 30655622 PMCID: PMC6336805 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36248-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
ABC transporters are conserved in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, with humans expressing 48 transporters divided into 7 classes (ABCA, ABCB, ABCC, ABCD, ABDE, ABCF, and ABCG). Throughout the human body, ABC transporters regulate cAMP levels, chloride secretion, lipid transport, and anti-oxidant responses. We used a bioinformatic approach complemented with in vitro experimental methods for validation of the 48 known human ABC transporters in airway epithelial cells using bronchial epithelial cell gene expression datasets available in NCBI GEO from well-characterized patient populations of healthy subjects and individuals that smoke cigarettes, or have been diagnosed with COPD or asthma, with validation performed in Calu-3 airway epithelial cells. Gene expression data demonstrate that ABC transporters are variably expressed in epithelial cells from different airway generations, regulated by cigarette smoke exposure (ABCA13, ABCB6, ABCC1, and ABCC3), and differentially expressed in individuals with COPD and asthma (ABCA13, ABCC1, ABCC2, ABCC9). An in vitro cell culture model of cigarette smoke exposure was able to recapitulate select observed in situ changes. Our work highlights select ABC transporter candidates of interest and a relevant in vitro model that will enable a deeper understanding of the contribution of ABC transporters in the respiratory mucosa in lung health and disease.
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27
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Xia S, Qu J, Jia H, He W, Li J, Zhao L, Mao M, Zhao Y. Overexpression of Forkhead box C1 attenuates oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Life Sci 2018; 216:75-84. [PMID: 30428305 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a disease caused by cigarette smoke, which has been emerging as a serious health problem worldwide. The aim of this study is to explore the mRNA expression profile of lung tissues from the COPD rats and to characterize the role of Forkhead box C1 (Foxc1) in COPD. MAIN METHODS Wistar rats were exposed to cigarette smoke during 16 weeks for COPD model establishment. The microarray was used to identify the differential gene expression in the lung of rats. Adenovirus carrying Foxc1 was administered to rats by intratracheally instillation once a week for 16 weeks. Human bronchial epithelial cell line (16HBE) cells were transfected with Foxc1 siRNA followed by incubation in the presence of CSE (10%) for 24 h. Subsequently, the pathological changes, fibrosis, apoptosis, inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress were detected. KEY FINDINGS Microarray results showed an upregulation of Foxc1 in lung tissues in COPD rats. Overexpression of Foxc1 mitigated the lung injury, as evidenced by reducing alveolar fusion, inflammatory cell infiltration and oxidative stress. Additionally, the apoptosis was remarkably increased in the lung in rats exposed to cigarette smoke, which was suppressed by Foxc1 overexpression. Furthermore, downregulation of Foxc1 aggravated the inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis in 16HBE cells with CSE treatment. SIGNIFICANCE Overexpression of Foxc1 could prevent oxidative stress, inflammation responses and cell apoptosis and knockdown of Foxc1 has the opposite effect, suggesting that Foxc1 may be available for lung protection during COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyue Xia
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang 110024, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jian Qu
- Shenyang Environmental Monitor Central Station, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Jia
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang 110024, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei He
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang 110024, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Li
- Shenyang Environmental Monitor Central Station, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Long Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang 110024, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingqing Mao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang 110024, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang 110024, People's Republic of China
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