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Sizek H, Deritei D, Fleig K, Harris M, Regan PL, Glass K, Regan ER. Unlocking Mitochondrial Dysfunction-Associated Senescence (MiDAS) with NAD + - a Boolean Model of Mitochondrial Dynamics and Cell Cycle Control. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.12.18.572194. [PMID: 38187609 PMCID: PMC10769269 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.18.572194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
The steady accumulation of senescent cells with aging creates tissue environments that aid cancer evolution. Aging cell states are highly heterogeneous. 'Deep senescent' cells rely on healthy mitochondria to fuel a strong proinflammatory secretome, including cytokines, growth and transforming signals. Yet, the physiological triggers of senescence such as the reactive oxygen species (ROS) can also trigger mitochondrial dysfunction, and sufficient energy deficit to alter their secretome and cause chronic oxidative stress - a state termed Mitochondrial Dysfunction-Associated Senescence (MiDAS). Here, we offer a mechanistic hypothesis for the molecular processes leading to MiDAS, along with testable predictions. To do this we have built a Boolean regulatory network model that qualitatively captures key aspects of mitochondrial dynamics during cell cycle progression (hyper-fusion at the G1/S boundary, fission in mitosis), apoptosis (fission and dysfunction) and glucose starvation (reversible hyper-fusion), as well as MiDAS in response to SIRT3 knockdown or oxidative stress. Our model reaffirms the protective role of NAD + and external pyruvate. We offer testable predictions about the growth factor- and glucose-dependence of MiDAS and its reversibility at different stages of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced senescence. Our model provides mechanistic insights into the distinct stages of DNA-damage induced senescence, the relationship between senescence and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in cancer and offers a foundation for building multiscale models of tissue aging. Highlights Boolean regulatory network model reproduces mitochondrial dynamics during cell cycle progression, apoptosis, and glucose starvation. Model offers a mechanistic explanation for the positive feedback loop that locks in Mitochondrial Dysfunction-Associated Senescence (MiDAS), involving autophagy-resistant, hyperfused, dysfunctional mitochondria. Model reproduces ROS-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction and suggests that MiDAS is part of the early phase of damage-induced senescence. Model predicts that cancer-driving mutations that bypass the G1/S checkpoint generally increase the incidence of MiDAS, except for p53 loss.
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Bao YN, Yang Q, Shen XL, Yu WK, Zhou L, Zhu QR, Shan QY, Wang ZC, Cao G. Targeting tumor suppressor p53 for organ fibrosis therapy. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:336. [PMID: 38744865 PMCID: PMC11094089 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06702-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Fibrosis is a reparative and progressive process characterized by abnormal extracellular matrix deposition, contributing to organ dysfunction in chronic diseases. The tumor suppressor p53 (p53), known for its regulatory roles in cell proliferation, apoptosis, aging, and metabolism across diverse tissues, appears to play a pivotal role in aggravating biological processes such as epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cell apoptosis, and cell senescence. These processes are closely intertwined with the pathogenesis of fibrotic disease. In this review, we briefly introduce the background and specific mechanism of p53, investigate the pathogenesis of fibrosis, and further discuss p53's relationship and role in fibrosis affecting the kidney, liver, lung, and heart. In summary, targeting p53 represents a promising and innovative therapeutic approach for the prevention and treatment of organ fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ni Bao
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China
| | - Qiao Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China
| | - Xin-Lei Shen
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China
| | - Wen-Kai Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China
| | - Li Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China
| | - Qing-Ru Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China
| | - Qi-Yuan Shan
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China
| | - Zhi-Chao Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China
| | - Gang Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China.
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Zhao T, Niu D, Chen Y, Fu P. The role of mitochondrial quality control mechanisms in chondrocyte senescence. Exp Gerontol 2024; 188:112379. [PMID: 38378048 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2024.112379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Chondrocytes are the exclusive cellular constituents of articular cartilage, and their functional status governs the health of the cartilage. The primary factor contributing to the deterioration of cartilage structure and function is chondrocyte senescence. In hypoxia and hypodextrose environment, chondrocytes heavily rely on glycolysis for energy metabolism. Mitochondria, acting as the regulatory hub for chondrocyte energy metabolism, exhibit dysfunction before chondrocyte senescence, indicating their crucial involvement in the process. Previous research has suggested that molecules associated with mitochondrial quality control mechanisms can effectively restore mitochondrial function and alleviate chondrocyte senescence. However, there remains to be clarity regarding the relationship between mitochondrial quality control mechanisms and differences in efficacy among various target molecules, which pose challenges when evaluating them in chondrocytes. By conducting a comprehensive review of the existing literature on mitochondrial quality control mechanisms and chondrocyte senescence, we gain further insights into this intricate relationship while identifying promising targets that could potentially open up novel avenues for the treatment of chondrocyte senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianlei Zhao
- Naval Medical Center, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China; Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Dawei Niu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China; Department of Orthopaedics, The 971 hospital of CPLA Navy, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yancheng Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Peiliang Fu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China.
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Fu Y, Huang XQ, Qu HB, Ge YZ, Ru XL. Tandem Mass Tag-Based Proteomic Analysis of Normal and Degenerated Human Intervertebral Discs. J Pain Res 2024; 17:1313-1326. [PMID: 38563035 PMCID: PMC10982071 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s449044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is the main cause of low back pain (LBP), but the specific regulatory factors, pathways and specific molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Methods We identified and quantitatively analyzed Pfirrmann Grade II (n=3) and Pfirrmann Grade IV (n=3) pulposus samples via MRI. The differential abundance of proteins in the samples was determined and quantitatively analyzed by relative and absolute quantitative analysis of the isotope marker levels combined with the liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC‒MSMS/MS). Results A total of 70 proteins (30 significantly increased proteins (> 1.2-fold change) and 40 significantly decreased proteins (< 0.8-fold change)) showed different levels among the groups. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analyses and Western blot analysis showed that CYCS, RAC1, and PSMD14 may play important roles in IVDD and that Epstein‒Barr virus infection, viral myocarditis, colorectal cancer, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are the main pathways involved in IVDD. Conclusion CYCS, RAC1 and PSMD14 may play important roles in IVDD, and Epstein‒Barr virus infection, viral myocarditis, colorectal cancer, NAFLD and ALS may be the main pathways involved in IVDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Fu
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Qin Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hang-Bo Qu
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhi Ge
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuan-Liang Ru
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China
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Jeong DJ, Um JH, Kim YY, Shin DJ, Im S, Lee KM, Lee YH, Lim DS, Kim D, Yun J. The Mst1/2-BNIP3 axis is required for mitophagy induction and neuronal viability under mitochondrial stress. Exp Mol Med 2024; 56:674-685. [PMID: 38443598 PMCID: PMC10984967 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-024-01198-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitophagy induction upon mitochondrial stress is critical for maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis and cellular function. Here, we found that Mst1/2 (Stk3/4), key regulators of the Hippo pathway, are required for the induction of mitophagy under various mitochondrial stress conditions. Knockdown of Mst1/2 or pharmacological inhibition by XMU-MP-1 treatment led to impaired mitophagy induction upon CCCP and DFP treatment. Mechanistically, Mst1/2 induces mitophagy independently of the PINK1-Parkin pathway and the canonical Hippo pathway. Moreover, our results suggest the essential involvement of BNIP3 in Mst1/2-mediated mitophagy induction upon mitochondrial stress. Notably, Mst1/2 knockdown diminishes mitophagy induction, exacerbates mitochondrial dysfunction, and reduces cellular survival upon neurotoxic stress in both SH-SY5Y cells and Drosophila models. Conversely, Mst1 and Mst2 expression enhances mitophagy induction and cell survival. In addition, AAV-mediated Mst1 expression reduced the loss of TH-positive neurons, ameliorated behavioral deficits, and improved mitochondrial function in an MPTP-induced Parkinson's disease mouse model. Our findings reveal the Mst1/2-BNIP3 regulatory axis as a novel mediator of mitophagy induction under conditions of mitochondrial stress and suggest that Mst1/2 play a pivotal role in maintaining mitochondrial function and neuronal viability in response to neurotoxic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae Jin Jeong
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Translational Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee-Hyun Um
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Translational Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Yeon Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Translational Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Jin Shin
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Translational Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangwoo Im
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Translational Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang-Min Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Translational Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Hee Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Sik Lim
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Creative Research Center for Cell Plasticity, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Donghoon Kim
- Department of Translational Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea
| | - Jeanho Yun
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Translational Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea.
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Sarabhai T, Kahl S, Gancheva S, Mastrototaro L, Dewidar B, Pesta D, Ratter-Rieck JM, Bobrov P, Jeruschke K, Esposito I, Schlensak M, Roden M. Loss of mitochondrial adaptation associates with deterioration of mitochondrial turnover and structure in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. Metabolism 2024; 151:155762. [PMID: 38122893 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2023.155762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity and type 2 diabetes frequently have metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) including steatohepatitis (MASH). In obesity, the liver may adapt its oxidative capacity, but the role of mitochondrial turnover in MASLD remains uncertain. METHODS This cross-sectional study compared individuals with class III obesity (n = 8/group) without (control, OBE CON; NAFLD activity score: 0.4 ± 0.1) or with steatosis (OBE MASL, 2.3 ± 0.4), or MASH (OBE MASH, 5.3 ± 0.3, p < 0.05 vs. other groups). Hepatic mitochondrial ultrastructure was assessed by transmission electron microscopy, mitochondrial respiration by high-resolution respirometry, biomarkers of mitochondrial quality control and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress by Western Blot. RESULTS Mitochondrial oxidative capacity was 31 % higher in OBE MASL, but 25 % lower in OBE MASH (p < 0.05 vs. OBE CON). OBE MASH showed ~1.5fold lower mitochondrial number, but ~1.2-1.5fold higher diameter and area (p < 0.001 vs. other groups). Biomarkers of autophagy (p62), mitophagy (PINK1, PARKIN), fission (DRP-1, FIS1) and fusion (MFN1/2, OPA1) were reduced in OBE MASH (p < 0.05 vs. OBE CON). OBE MASL showed lower p62, p-PARKIN/PARKIN, and p-DRP-1 (p < 0.05 vs. OBE CON). OBE MASL and MASH showed higher ER stress markers (PERK, ATF4, p-eIF2α-S51/eIF2α; p < 0.05 vs. OBE CON). Mitochondrial diameter associated inversely with fusion/fission biomarkers and with oxidative capacity, but positively with H2O2. CONCLUSION Humans with hepatic steatosis already exhibit impaired mitochondrial turnover, despite upregulated oxidative capacity, and evidence for ER stress. In MASH, oxidative stress likely mediates progressive decline of mitochondrial turnover, ultrastructure and respiration indicating that mitochondrial quality control is key for energy metabolism and may have potential for targeting MASH. ClinGovTrial:NCT01477957.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresia Sarabhai
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sabine Kahl
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sofiya Gancheva
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Lucia Mastrototaro
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Bedair Dewidar
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Dominik Pesta
- Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center, Cologne, Germany; Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jacqueline M Ratter-Rieck
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Pavel Bobrov
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute for Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Kay Jeruschke
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Irene Esposito
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital and Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Matthias Schlensak
- Department of Obesity and Reflux Center, Neuwerk Hospital Mönchengladbach, Germany
| | - Michael Roden
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, Neuherberg, Germany.
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Nishimura A, Zhou L, Kato Y, Mi X, Ito T, Ibuki Y, Kanda Y, Nishida M. Supersulfide prevents cigarette smoke extract-induced mitochondria hyperfission and cardiomyocyte early senescence by inhibiting Drp1-filamin complex formation. J Pharmacol Sci 2024; 154:127-135. [PMID: 38246726 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2023.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Smoking is one of the most serious risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Although cigarette mainstream and sidestream smoke are significant contributors to increased cardiovascular mortality and morbidity, the underlying mechanism is still unclear. Here, we report that exposure of rat neonatal cardiomyocytes to cigarette smoke extract (CSE) induces mitochondrial hyperfission-mediated myocardial senescence. CSE leads to mitochondrial fission and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production through the complex formation between mitochondrial fission factor Drp1 and actin-binding protein, filamin A. Pharmacological perturbation of interaction between Drp1 and filamin A by cilnidipine and gene knockdown of Drp1 or filamin A inhibited CSE-induced mitochondrial hyperfission and ROS production as well as myocardial senescence. We previously reported that Drp1 activity is controlled by supersulfide-induced Cys644 polysulfidation. The redox-sensitive Cys644 was critical for CSE-mediated interaction with filamin A. The administration of supersulfide donor, Na2S3 also improved mitochondrial hyperfission-mediated myocardial senescence induced by CSE. Our results suggest the important role of Drp1-filamin A complex formation on cigarette smoke-mediated cardiac risk and the contribution of supersulfide to mitochondrial fission-associated myocardial senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiyuki Nishimura
- National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institutes of Natural Sciences (NINS), Okazaki, 444-8787, Japan; Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems, NINS, Okazaki, 444-8787, Japan; SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki, 444-8787, Japan.
| | - Liuchenzi Zhou
- National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institutes of Natural Sciences (NINS), Okazaki, 444-8787, Japan; Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems, NINS, Okazaki, 444-8787, Japan; SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki, 444-8787, Japan
| | - Yuri Kato
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Xinya Mi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Tomoya Ito
- National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institutes of Natural Sciences (NINS), Okazaki, 444-8787, Japan; Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems, NINS, Okazaki, 444-8787, Japan; SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki, 444-8787, Japan
| | - Yuko Ibuki
- Graduate Division of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Yasunari Kanda
- Division of Pharmacology, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kanagawa, 210-9501, Japan
| | - Motohiro Nishida
- National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institutes of Natural Sciences (NINS), Okazaki, 444-8787, Japan; Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems, NINS, Okazaki, 444-8787, Japan; SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki, 444-8787, Japan; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
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8
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Yang Q, Deng S, Preibsch H, Schade T, Koch A, Berezhnoy G, Zizmare L, Fischer A, Gückel B, Staebler A, Hartkopf AD, Pichler BJ, la Fougère C, Hahn M, Bonzheim I, Nikolaou K, Trautwein C. Image-guided metabolomics and transcriptomics reveal tumour heterogeneity in luminal A and B human breast cancer beyond glucose tracer uptake. Clin Transl Med 2024; 14:e1550. [PMID: 38332687 PMCID: PMC10853679 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is a metabolically heterogeneous disease, and although the concept of heterogeneous cancer metabolism is known, its precise role in human breast cancer is yet to be fully elucidated. METHODS We investigated in an explorative approach a cohort of 42 primary mamma carcinoma patients with positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MR) prior to surgery, followed by histopathology and molecular diagnosis. From a subset of patients, which showed high metabolic heterogeneity based on tracer uptake and pathology classification, tumour centre and periphery specimen tissue samples were further investigated by a targeted breast cancer gene expression panel and quantitative metabolomics by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. All data were analysed in a combinatory approach. RESULTS [18 F]FDG (2-deoxy-2-[fluorine-18]fluoro-d-glucose) tracer uptake confirmed dominance of glucose metabolism in the breast tumour centre, with lower levels in the periphery. Additionally, we observed differences in lipid and proliferation related genes between luminal A and B subtypes in the centre and periphery. Tumour periphery showed elevated acetate levels and enrichment in lipid metabolic pathways genes especially in luminal B. Furthermore, serine was increased in the periphery and higher expression of thymidylate synthase (TYMS) indicated one-carbon metabolism increased in tumour periphery. The overall metabolic activity based on [18 F]FDG uptake of luminal B subtype was higher than that of luminal A and the difference between the periphery and centre increased with tumour grade. CONCLUSION Our analysis indicates variations in metabolism among different breast cancer subtypes and sampling locations which details the heterogeneity of the breast tumours. Correlation analysis of [18 F]FDG tracer uptake, transcriptome and tumour metabolites like acetate and serine facilitate the search for new candidates for metabolic tracers and permit distinguishing luminal A and B. This knowledge may help to differentiate subtypes preclinically or to provide patients guide for neoadjuvant therapy and optimised surgical protocols based on individual tumour metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianlu Yang
- Department of Preclinical Imaging and RadiopharmacyWerner Siemens Imaging CenterUniversity Hospital TuebingenTuebingenGermany
| | - Sisi Deng
- Department of Preclinical Imaging and RadiopharmacyWerner Siemens Imaging CenterUniversity Hospital TuebingenTuebingenGermany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) “Image Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies”University of TuebingenTuebingenGermany
| | - Heike Preibsch
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional RadiologyUniversity Hospital TuebingenTuebingenGermany
| | - Tim‐Colin Schade
- Department of Pathology and NeuropathologyUniversity Hospital TuebingenTuebingenGermany
| | - André Koch
- Department of Women's HealthUniversity Hospital TuebingenTuebingenGermany
| | - Georgy Berezhnoy
- Department of Preclinical Imaging and RadiopharmacyWerner Siemens Imaging CenterUniversity Hospital TuebingenTuebingenGermany
| | - Laimdota Zizmare
- Department of Preclinical Imaging and RadiopharmacyWerner Siemens Imaging CenterUniversity Hospital TuebingenTuebingenGermany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) “Image Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies”University of TuebingenTuebingenGermany
| | - Anna Fischer
- Department of Pathology and NeuropathologyUniversity Hospital TuebingenTuebingenGermany
| | - Brigitte Gückel
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) “Image Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies”University of TuebingenTuebingenGermany
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional RadiologyUniversity Hospital TuebingenTuebingenGermany
| | - Annette Staebler
- Department of Pathology and NeuropathologyUniversity Hospital TuebingenTuebingenGermany
| | | | - Bernd J. Pichler
- Department of Preclinical Imaging and RadiopharmacyWerner Siemens Imaging CenterUniversity Hospital TuebingenTuebingenGermany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) “Image Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies”University of TuebingenTuebingenGermany
- German Cancer Research CenterGerman Cancer Consortium DKTKPartner Site TuebingenTuebingenGermany
| | - Christian la Fougère
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) “Image Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies”University of TuebingenTuebingenGermany
- German Cancer Research CenterGerman Cancer Consortium DKTKPartner Site TuebingenTuebingenGermany
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Clinical Molecular ImagingUniversity Hospital TuebingenTuebingenGermany
| | - Markus Hahn
- Department of Women's HealthUniversity Hospital TuebingenTuebingenGermany
| | - Irina Bonzheim
- Department of Pathology and NeuropathologyUniversity Hospital TuebingenTuebingenGermany
| | - Konstantin Nikolaou
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) “Image Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies”University of TuebingenTuebingenGermany
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional RadiologyUniversity Hospital TuebingenTuebingenGermany
- German Cancer Research CenterGerman Cancer Consortium DKTKPartner Site TuebingenTuebingenGermany
| | - Christoph Trautwein
- Department of Preclinical Imaging and RadiopharmacyWerner Siemens Imaging CenterUniversity Hospital TuebingenTuebingenGermany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) “Image Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies”University of TuebingenTuebingenGermany
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Um JH, Lee KM, Kim YY, Lee DY, Kim E, Kim DH, Yun J. Berberine Induces Mitophagy through Adenosine Monophosphate-Activated Protein Kinase and Ameliorates Mitochondrial Dysfunction in PINK1 Knockout Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:219. [PMID: 38203389 PMCID: PMC10779002 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitophagy stimulation has been shown to have a therapeutic effect on various neurodegenerative diseases. However, nontoxic mitophagy inducers are still very limited. In this study, we found that the natural alkaloid berberine exhibited mitophagy stimulation activity in various human cells. Berberine did not interfere with mitochondrial function, unlike the well-known mitophagy inducer carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone (CCCP), and subsequently induced mitochondrial biogenesis. Berberine treatment induced the activation of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and the AMPK inhibitor compound C abolished berberine-induced mitophagy, suggesting that AMPK activation is essential for berberine-induced mitophagy. Notably, berberine treatment reversed mitochondrial dysfunction in PINK1 knockout mouse embryonic fibroblasts. Our results suggest that berberine is a mitophagy-specific inducer and can be used as a therapeutic treatment for neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's disease, and that natural alkaloids are potential sources of mitophagy inducers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jee-Hyun Um
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan 49201, Republic of Korea; (J.-H.U.); (K.-M.L.); (Y.-Y.K.)
- Department of Translational Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Dong-A University, Busan 49201, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang-Min Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan 49201, Republic of Korea; (J.-H.U.); (K.-M.L.); (Y.-Y.K.)
- Department of Translational Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Dong-A University, Busan 49201, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Yeon Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan 49201, Republic of Korea; (J.-H.U.); (K.-M.L.); (Y.-Y.K.)
- Department of Translational Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Dong-A University, Busan 49201, Republic of Korea
| | - Da-Ye Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan 49201, Republic of Korea; (J.-H.U.); (K.-M.L.); (Y.-Y.K.)
- Department of Translational Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Dong-A University, Busan 49201, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunmi Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan 49201, Republic of Korea; (J.-H.U.); (K.-M.L.); (Y.-Y.K.)
- Department of Translational Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Dong-A University, Busan 49201, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hyun Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Advanced Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeanho Yun
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan 49201, Republic of Korea; (J.-H.U.); (K.-M.L.); (Y.-Y.K.)
- Department of Translational Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Dong-A University, Busan 49201, Republic of Korea
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10
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Wang Y, Hu S, Zhang W, Zhang B, Yang Z. Emerging role and therapeutic implications of p53 in intervertebral disc degeneration. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:433. [PMID: 38040675 PMCID: PMC10692240 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01730-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Lower back pain (LBP) is a common degenerative musculoskeletal disease that imposes a huge economic burden on both individuals and society. With the aggravation of social aging, the incidence of LBP has increased globally. Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is the primary cause of LBP. Currently, IDD treatment strategies include physiotherapy, medication, and surgery; however, none can address the root cause by ending the degeneration of intervertebral discs (IVDs). However, in recent years, targeted therapy based on specific molecules has brought hope for treating IDD. The tumor suppressor gene p53 produces a transcription factor that regulates cell metabolism and survival. Recently, p53 was shown to play an important role in maintaining IVD microenvironment homeostasis by regulating IVD cell senescence, apoptosis, and metabolism by activating downstream target genes. This study reviews research progress regarding the potential role of p53 in IDD and discusses the challenges of targeting p53 in the treatment of IDD. This review will help to elucidate the pathogenesis of IDD and provide insights for the future development of precision treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yidian Wang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Shouye Hu
- Department of Joint Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Weisong Zhang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Binfei Zhang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhi Yang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
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11
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Lee DY, Lee KM, Um JH, Kim YY, Kim DH, Yun J. The Natural Alkaloid Palmatine Selectively Induces Mitophagy and Restores Mitochondrial Function in an Alzheimer's Disease Mouse Model. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16542. [PMID: 38003731 PMCID: PMC10671668 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Palmatine, a natural alkaloid found in various plants, has been reported to have diverse pharmacological and biological effects, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and cardiovascular effects. However, the role of palmatine in mitophagy, a fundamental process crucial for maintaining mitochondrial function, remains elusive. In this study, we found that palmatine efficiently induces mitophagy in various human cell lines. Palmatine specifically induces mitophagy and subsequently stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis. Palmatine did not interfere with mitochondrial function, similar to CCCP, suggesting that palmatine is not toxic to mitochondria. Importantly, palmatine treatment alleviated mitochondrial dysfunction in PINK1-knockout MEFs. Moreover, the administration of palmatine resulted in significant improvements in cognitive function and restored mitochondrial function in an Alzheimer's disease mouse model. This study identifies palmatine as a novel inducer of selective mitophagy. Our results suggest that palmatine-mediated mitophagy induction could be a potential strategy for Alzheimer's disease treatment and that natural alkaloids are potential sources of mitophagy inducers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Ye Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan 49201, Republic of Korea (K.-M.L.); (J.-H.U.); (Y.-Y.K.)
- Department of Translational Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Dong-A University, Busan 49201, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang-Min Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan 49201, Republic of Korea (K.-M.L.); (J.-H.U.); (Y.-Y.K.)
- Department of Translational Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Dong-A University, Busan 49201, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee-Hyun Um
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan 49201, Republic of Korea (K.-M.L.); (J.-H.U.); (Y.-Y.K.)
- Department of Translational Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Dong-A University, Busan 49201, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Yeon Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan 49201, Republic of Korea (K.-M.L.); (J.-H.U.); (Y.-Y.K.)
- Department of Translational Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Dong-A University, Busan 49201, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hyun Kim
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Advanced Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jeanho Yun
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan 49201, Republic of Korea (K.-M.L.); (J.-H.U.); (Y.-Y.K.)
- Department of Translational Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Dong-A University, Busan 49201, Republic of Korea
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12
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Wang H, Yu W, Wang Y, Wu R, Dai Y, Deng Y, Wang S, Yuan J, Tan R. p53 contributes to cardiovascular diseases via mitochondria dysfunction: A new paradigm. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 208:846-858. [PMID: 37776918 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.09.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are leading causes of global mortality; however, their underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The tumor suppressor factor p53 has been extensively studied for its role in cancer and is also known to play an important role in regulating CVDs. Abnormal p53 expression levels and modifications contribute to the occurrence and development of CVDs. Additionally, mounting evidence underscores the critical involvement of mitochondrial dysfunction in CVDs. Notably, studies indicate that p53 abnormalities directly correlate with mitochondrial dysfunction and may even interact with each other. Encouragingly, small molecule inhibitors targeting p53 have exhibited remarkable effects in animal models of CVDs. Moreover, therapeutic strategies aimed at mitochondrial-related molecules and mitochondrial replacement therapy have demonstrated their advantageous potential. Therefore, targeting p53 or mitochondria holds immense promise as a pioneering therapeutic approach for combating CVDs. In this comprehensive review, we delve into the mechanisms how p53 influences mitochondrial dysfunction, including energy metabolism, mitochondrial oxidative stress, mitochondria-induced apoptosis, mitochondrial autophagy, and mitochondrial dynamics, in various CVDs. Furthermore, we summarize and discuss the potential significance of targeting p53 or mitochondria in the treatment of CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Wei Yu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Yibo Wang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Ruihao Wu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Yifei Dai
- School of Stomatology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Ye Deng
- School of Stomatology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Shijun Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Jinxiang Yuan
- The Collaborative Innovation Center, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272000, China.
| | - Rubin Tan
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China.
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13
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Huang D, Chen S, Xiong D, Wang H, Zhu L, Wei Y, Li Y, Zou S. Mitochondrial Dynamics: Working with the Cytoskeleton and Intracellular Organelles to Mediate Mechanotransduction. Aging Dis 2023; 14:1511-1532. [PMID: 37196113 PMCID: PMC10529762 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2023.0201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells are constantly exposed to various mechanical environments; therefore, it is important that they are able to sense and adapt to changes. It is known that the cytoskeleton plays a critical role in mediating and generating extra- and intracellular forces and that mitochondrial dynamics are crucial for maintaining energy homeostasis. Nevertheless, the mechanisms by which cells integrate mechanosensing, mechanotransduction, and metabolic reprogramming remain poorly understood. In this review, we first discuss the interaction between mitochondrial dynamics and cytoskeletal components, followed by the annotation of membranous organelles intimately related to mitochondrial dynamic events. Finally, we discuss the evidence supporting the participation of mitochondria in mechanotransduction and corresponding alterations in cellular energy conditions. Notable advances in bioenergetics and biomechanics suggest that the mechanotransduction system composed of mitochondria, the cytoskeletal system, and membranous organelles is regulated through mitochondrial dynamics, which may be a promising target for further investigation and precision therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yuyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shujuan Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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14
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Chen W, Zhao H, Li Y. Mitochondrial dynamics in health and disease: mechanisms and potential targets. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:333. [PMID: 37669960 PMCID: PMC10480456 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01547-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are organelles that are able to adjust and respond to different stressors and metabolic needs within a cell, showcasing their plasticity and dynamic nature. These abilities allow them to effectively coordinate various cellular functions. Mitochondrial dynamics refers to the changing process of fission, fusion, mitophagy and transport, which is crucial for optimal function in signal transduction and metabolism. An imbalance in mitochondrial dynamics can disrupt mitochondrial function, leading to abnormal cellular fate, and a range of diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders, metabolic diseases, cardiovascular diseases and cancers. Herein, we review the mechanism of mitochondrial dynamics, and its impacts on cellular function. We also delve into the changes that occur in mitochondrial dynamics during health and disease, and offer novel perspectives on how to target the modulation of mitochondrial dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Huakan Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, 400030, China.
| | - Yongsheng Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, 400030, China.
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15
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Choi EL, Taheri N, Chandra A, Hayashi Y. Cellular Senescence, Inflammation, and Cancer in the Gastrointestinal Tract. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:9810. [PMID: 37372958 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24129810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to modern medical advancements, greater proportions of the population will continue to age with longer life spans. Increased life span, however, does not always correlate with improved health span, and may result in an increase in aging-related diseases and disorders. These diseases are often attributed to cellular senescence, in which cells become disengaged from the cell cycle and inert to cell death. These cells are characterized by a proinflammatory secretome. The proinflammatory senescence-associated secretory phenotype, although part of a natural function intended to prevent further DNA damage, creates a microenvironment suited to tumor progression. This microenvironment is most evident in the gastrointestinal tract (GI), where a combination of bacterial infections, senescent cells, and inflammatory proteins can lead to oncogenesis. Thus, it is important to find potential senescence biomarkers as targets of novel therapies for GI diseases and disorders including cancers. However, finding therapeutic targets in the GI microenvironment to reduce the risk of GI tumor onset may also be of value. This review summarizes the effects of cellular senescence on GI aging, inflammation, and cancers, and aims to improve our understanding of these processes with a goal of enhancing future therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Egan L Choi
- Graduate Research Education Program (Choi), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Negar Taheri
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering (Taheri, Chandra and Hayashi), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology (Taheri and Hayashi), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Abhishek Chandra
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering (Taheri, Chandra and Hayashi), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging (Chandra), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Yujiro Hayashi
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering (Taheri, Chandra and Hayashi), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology (Taheri and Hayashi), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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16
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Liao KM, Chen CJ, Luo WJ, Hsu CW, Yu SL, Yang PC, Su KY. Senomorphic effect of diphenyleneiodonium through AMPK/MFF/DRP1 mediated mitochondrial fission. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 162:114616. [PMID: 37004322 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
With an aging population and the numerous health impacts associated with old age, the identification of anti-aging drugs has become an important new research direction. Although mitochondria have been recognized to affect aging, anti-aging drugs specifically targeting the mitochondria are less well characterized. In this study, diphenyleneiodonium (DPI) was identified as a potential senomorphic drug that functions by promoting mitochondrial fission. DPI significantly reduced the number of senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) positive cells and increased the number of proliferating Ki-67 positive cells in BrdU or irradiation stress-induced senescent NIH3T3 cells or IMR90 cells and mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) replicative senescent cells. Cell cycle arrest genes and senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) factors were downregulated with DPI treatment. In addition, the oxygen consumption rate (OCR) of mitochondrial respiration showed that DPI significantly reduced senescence-associated hyper OCR. Mechanistically, DPI promoted mitochondrial fission by enhancing AMPK/MFF phosphorylation and DRP1 mitochondrial translocation. Inhibition of DRP1 by Mdivi-1 abolished DPI-induced mitochondrial fission and the anti-senescence phenotype. Importantly, Eighty-eight-week-old mice treated with DPI had significantly reduced numbers of SA-β-gal positive cells and reduced expression of cell cycle arrest genes and SASP factors in their livers and kidneys. Pathological and functional assays showed DPI treatment not only reduced liver fibrosis and immune cell infiltration but also improved aged-related physical impairments in aged mice. Taken together, our study identified a potential anti-aging compound that exerts its effects through modulation of mitochondrial morphology.
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17
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Pan Z, Wu X, Zhang X, Hu K. Phosphodiesterase 4B activation exacerbates pulmonary hypertension induced by intermittent hypoxia by regulating mitochondrial injury and cAMP/PKA/p-CREB/PGC-1α signaling. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 158:114095. [PMID: 36495666 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Proliferation of smooth muscle cells, oxidative stress, and pulmonary vasoconstriction resulting from intermittent hypoxia (IH) facilitate pulmonary hypertension (PH) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. The role of Phosphodiesterase 4 B (PDE4B) in PH has not yet been established. Herein, we investigated whether PDE4B inhibition ameliorates experimental PH by modulating cAMP signaling. We performed an integrative analysis of PDE4B expression in Gene Expression Omnibus datasets, experimental IH-induced rat PH samples, and IH-induced pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). PDE4B expression was modulated using siRNA in vitro and a specific adeno-associated virus serotype 1 in vivo. In the databases of mouse models of IH-induced and sustained hypoxia-induced PH and in a rat model of six weeks of IH, the expression of PDE4B was up-regulated. Inhibition of PDE4B attenuated IH-induced pulmonary vascular remodeling and right ventricular hypertrophy. Our results also showed that PDE4B deficiency inhibited IH-induced proliferation of PASMCs with less mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial damage. Meanwhile, IH induced an increase in ATF4, which positively regulated the expression of PDE4B through transcription, and inhibition of ATF4 exerted effects similar to those of PDE4B inhibition. Mechanistically, downregulating the expression of PDE4B resulted in the activation of the cAMP/PKA/p-CREB/PGC-1α pathway in PASMCs after IH. Taken together, our present study provides evidence that inhibition of PDE4B attenuates IH-induced PH by regulating cAMP signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Pan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Xiaofeng Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Ke Hu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.
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18
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DRP1 Inhibition Enhances Venetoclax-Induced Mitochondrial Apoptosis in TP53-Mutated Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells through BAX/BAK Activation. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030745. [PMID: 36765703 PMCID: PMC9913445 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Although TP53 mutations in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are associated with poor response to venetoclax, the underlying resistance mechanism remains unclear. Herein, we investigated the functional role of dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1) in venetoclax sensitivity in AML cells with respect to TP53 mutation status. Effects of DRP1 inhibition on venetoclax-induced cell death were compared in TP53-mutated (THP-1 and Kasumi-1) and TP53 wild-type leukemia cell lines (MOLM-13 and MV4-11), as well as in primary AML cells obtained from patients. Venetoclax induced apoptosis in TP53 wild-type AML cells but had limited effects in TP53-mutated AML cells. DRP1 expression was downregulated in MOLM-13 cells after venetoclax treatment but was unaffected in THP-1 cells. Cotreatment of THP-1 cells with venetoclax and a TP53 activator NSC59984 downregulated DRP1 expression and increased apoptosis. Combination treatment with the DRP1 inhibitor Mdivi-1 and venetoclax significantly increased mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in TP53-mutated AML cells. The combination of Mdivi-1 and venetoclax resulted in noticeable downregulation of MCL-1 and BCL-xL, accompanied by the upregulation of NOXA, PUMA, BAK, and BAX. These findings suggest that DRP1 is functionally associated with venetoclax sensitivity in TP53-mutated AML cells. Targeting DRP1 may represent an effective therapeutic strategy for overcoming venetoclax resistance in TP53-mutated AML.
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19
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Phadwal K, Tang QY, Luijten I, Zhao JF, Corcoran B, Semple RK, Ganley IG, MacRae VE. p53 Regulates Mitochondrial Dynamics in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Calcification. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021643. [PMID: 36675156 PMCID: PMC9864220 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Arterial calcification is an important characteristic of cardiovascular disease. It has key parallels with skeletal mineralization; however, the underlying cellular mechanisms responsible are not fully understood. Mitochondrial dynamics regulate both bone and vascular function. In this study, we therefore examined mitochondrial function in vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) calcification. Phosphate (Pi)-induced VSMC calcification was associated with elongated mitochondria (1.6-fold increase, p < 0.001), increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production (1.83-fold increase, p < 0.001) and reduced mitophagy (9.6-fold decrease, p < 0.01). An increase in protein expression of optic atrophy protein 1 (OPA1; 2.1-fold increase, p < 0.05) and a converse decrease in expression of dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1; 1.5-fold decrease, p < 0.05), two crucial proteins required for the mitochondrial fusion and fission process, respectively, were noted. Furthermore, the phosphorylation of DRP1 Ser637 was increased in the cytoplasm of calcified VSMCs (5.50-fold increase), suppressing mitochondrial translocation of DRP1. Additionally, calcified VSMCs showed enhanced expression of p53 (2.5-fold increase, p < 0.05) and β-galactosidase activity (1.8-fold increase, p < 0.001), the cellular senescence markers. siRNA-mediated p53 knockdown reduced calcium deposition (8.1-fold decrease, p < 0.01), mitochondrial length (3.0-fold decrease, p < 0.001) and β-galactosidase activity (2.6-fold decrease, p < 0.001), with concomitant mitophagy induction (3.1-fold increase, p < 0.05). Reduced OPA1 (4.1-fold decrease, p < 0.05) and increased DRP1 protein expression (2.6-fold increase, p < 0.05) with decreased phosphorylation of DRP1 Ser637 (3.20-fold decrease, p < 0.001) was also observed upon p53 knockdown in calcifying VSMCs. In summary, we demonstrate that VSMC calcification promotes notable mitochondrial elongation and cellular senescence via DRP1 phosphorylation. Furthermore, our work indicates that p53-induced mitochondrial fusion underpins cellular senescence by reducing mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanchan Phadwal
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK
- Correspondence:
| | - Qi-Yu Tang
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK
| | - Ineke Luijten
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queens Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Jin-Feng Zhao
- MRC Protein Phosphorylation & Ubiquitylation Unit, Sir James Black Centre, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK
| | - Brendan Corcoran
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK
| | - Robert K. Semple
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queens Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Ian G. Ganley
- MRC Protein Phosphorylation & Ubiquitylation Unit, Sir James Black Centre, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK
| | - Vicky E. MacRae
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK
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20
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Gambi G, Mengus G, Davidson G, Demesmaeker E, Cuomo A, Bonaldi T, Katopodi V, Malouf GG, Leucci E, Davidson I. The LncRNA LENOX Interacts with RAP2C to Regulate Metabolism and Promote Resistance to MAPK Inhibition in Melanoma. Cancer Res 2022; 82:4555-4570. [PMID: 36214632 PMCID: PMC9755964 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-22-0959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Tumor heterogeneity is a key feature of melanomas that hinders development of effective treatments. Aiming to overcome this, we identified LINC00518 (LENOX; lincRNA-enhancer of oxidative phosphorylation) as a melanoma-specific lncRNA expressed in all known melanoma cell states and essential for melanoma survival in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, LENOX promoted association of the RAP2C GTPase with mitochondrial fission regulator DRP1, increasing DRP1 S637 phosphorylation, mitochondrial fusion, and oxidative phosphorylation. LENOX expression was upregulated following treatment with MAPK inhibitors, facilitating a metabolic switch from glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation and conferring resistance to MAPK inhibition. Consequently, combined silencing of LENOX and RAP2C synergized with MAPK inhibitors to eradicate melanoma cells. Melanomas are thus addicted to the lncRNA LENOX, which acts to optimize mitochondrial function during melanoma development and progression. SIGNIFICANCE The lncRNA LENOX is a novel regulator of melanoma metabolism, which can be targeted in conjunction with MAPK inhibitors to eradicate melanoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Gambi
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1258, Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Gabrielle Mengus
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1258, Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Guillaume Davidson
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1258, Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | | | - Alessandro Cuomo
- Nuclear Proteomics Institute to Study Gene Expression, Milano, Italy
| | - Tiziana Bonaldi
- Nuclear Proteomics Institute to Study Gene Expression, Milano, Italy
| | - Vicky Katopodi
- Laboratory for RNA Cancer Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gabriel G. Malouf
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1258, Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Eleonora Leucci
- Laboratory for RNA Cancer Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Corresponding Authors: Irwin Davidson, Functional Genomics and Cancer, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 1 Rue Laurent Fries, Illkirch, 67404, France. E-mail: ; and Eleonora Leucci, Laboratory for RNA Cancer Biology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium. E-mail:
| | - Irwin Davidson
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1258, Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France.,Equipe Labélisée Ligue contre le Cancer.,Corresponding Authors: Irwin Davidson, Functional Genomics and Cancer, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 1 Rue Laurent Fries, Illkirch, 67404, France. E-mail: ; and Eleonora Leucci, Laboratory for RNA Cancer Biology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium. E-mail:
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21
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Moore MP, Cunningham RP, Meers GM, Johnson SA, Wheeler AA, Ganga RR, Spencer NM, Pitt JB, Diaz-Arias A, Swi AIA, Hammoud GM, Ibdah JA, Parks EJ, Rector RS. Compromised hepatic mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation and reduced markers of mitochondrial turnover in human NAFLD. Hepatology 2022; 76:1452-1465. [PMID: 35000203 PMCID: PMC9270503 DOI: 10.1002/hep.32324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS NAFLD and its more-advanced form, steatohepatitis (NASH), is associated with obesity and is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular, liver-related, and all-cause mortality. Available human data examining hepatic mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation (FAO) and hepatic mitochondrial turnover in NAFLD and NASH are scant. APPROACH AND RESULTS To investigate this relationship, liver biopsies were obtained from patients with obesity undergoing bariatric surgery and data clustered into four groups based on hepatic histopathological classification: Control (CTRL; no disease); NAFL (steatosis only); Borderline-NASH (steatosis with lobular inflammation or hepatocellular ballooning); and Definite-NASH (D-NASH; steatosis, lobular inflammation, and hepatocellular ballooning). Hepatic mitochondrial complete FAO to CO2 and the rate-limiting enzyme in β-oxidation (β-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity) were reduced by ~40%-50% with D-NASH compared with CTRL. This corresponded with increased hepatic mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production, as well as dramatic reductions in markers of mitochondrial biogenesis, autophagy, mitophagy, fission, and fusion in NAFL and NASH. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that compromised hepatic FAO and mitochondrial turnover are intimately linked to increasing NAFLD severity in patients with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary P. Moore
- Research Service, Harry S Truman Memorial Veterans Medical Center, Columbia, MO, USA, 65201
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA, 65211
| | - Rory P. Cunningham
- Research Service, Harry S Truman Memorial Veterans Medical Center, Columbia, MO, USA, 65201
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA, 65211
| | - Grace M. Meers
- Research Service, Harry S Truman Memorial Veterans Medical Center, Columbia, MO, USA, 65201
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA, 65211
| | - Sarah A. Johnson
- Research Service, Harry S Truman Memorial Veterans Medical Center, Columbia, MO, USA, 65201
- Department of Medicine-Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Missouri, Columbia MO, USA, 65211
| | - Andrew A. Wheeler
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia MO, USA, 65211
| | - Rama R. Ganga
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia MO, USA, 65211
| | - Nicole M. Spencer
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia MO, USA, 65211
| | - James B. Pitt
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia MO, USA, 65211
| | | | - Ahmed I. A. Swi
- Department of Medicine-Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Missouri, Columbia MO, USA, 65211
| | - Ghassan M. Hammoud
- Department of Medicine-Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Missouri, Columbia MO, USA, 65211
| | - Jamal A. Ibdah
- Research Service, Harry S Truman Memorial Veterans Medical Center, Columbia, MO, USA, 65201
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA, 65211
- Department of Medicine-Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Missouri, Columbia MO, USA, 65211
| | - Elizabeth J. Parks
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA, 65211
- Department of Medicine-Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Missouri, Columbia MO, USA, 65211
| | - R. Scott Rector
- Research Service, Harry S Truman Memorial Veterans Medical Center, Columbia, MO, USA, 65201
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA, 65211
- Department of Medicine-Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Missouri, Columbia MO, USA, 65211
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22
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Xiong NX, Kuang XY, Fang ZX, Ou J, Li SY, Zhao JH, Huang JF, Li KX, Wang R, Fan LF, Luo SW, Liu SJ. Transcriptome analysis and co-expression network reveal the mechanism linking mitochondrial function to immune regulation in red crucian carp (Carassius auratus red var) after Aeromonas hydrophila challenge. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2022; 45:1491-1509. [PMID: 35749280 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Aeromonas hydrophila is a common pathogen of freshwater fish. In this study, A. hydrophila infection was shown to cause tissue damage, trigger physiological changes as well as alter the expression profiles of immune- and metabolic-related genes in immune tissues of red crucian carp (RCC). Transcriptome analysis revealed that acute A. hydrophila infection exerted a profound effect on mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation linking metabolic regulation to immune response. In addition, we further identified cellular senescence, apoptosis, necrosis and mitogen-activated protein kinase signal pathways as crucial signal pathways in the kidney of RCC subjected to A. hydrophila infection. These findings may have important implications for understanding modulation of immunometabolic response to bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning-Xia Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Xu-Ying Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Zi-Xuan Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Ou
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Shi-Yun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Jia-Hui Zhao
- Foreign studies college, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Jin-Fang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Ke-Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Rou Wang
- Foreign studies college, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Lan-Fen Fan
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sheng-Wei Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Shao-Jun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
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23
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Shi W, Tan C, Liu C, Chen D. Mitochondrial fission mediated by Drp1-Fis1 pathway and neurodegenerative diseases. Rev Neurosci 2022; 34:275-294. [PMID: 36059131 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2022-0056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, the role of mitochondrial dynamics in neurodegenerative diseases has becoming increasingly important. More and more evidences have shown that in pathological conditions, abnormal mitochondrial divisions, especially Drp1-Fis1-mediated divisions, play an important role in the occurrence and development of Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington's disease, glaucoma, and other neurodegenerative diseases. This review highlights several new mechanisms of physiological fission of mitochondria and the difference/connection of physiological/pathological mitochondrial fission. In addition, we described the relationship between abnormal mitochondrial dynamics and neurodegenerative diseases in detail and emphatically summarized its detection indicators in basic experiments, trying to provide references for further mechanism exploration and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjia Shi
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Cheng Tan
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Can Liu
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Dan Chen
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
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24
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Wang X, Tang Y, Xie N, Bai J, Jiang S, Zhang Y, Hou Y, Meng X. Salidroside, a phenyl ethanol glycoside from Rhodiola crenulata, orchestrates hypoxic mitochondrial dynamics homeostasis by stimulating Sirt1/p53/Drp1 signaling. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 293:115278. [PMID: 35439546 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Rhodiola crenulata is clinically used to combat hypobaric hypoxia brain injury at high altitude with the function of invigorating Qi and promoting blood circulation in Tibetan medicine. Salidroside (Sal), an active compound identified from Rhodiola species, has been shown to exert neuroprotective effects against hypoxic brain injury. However, its mitochondrial protective mechanisms remain largely unknown. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study aimed to explore the mitochondrial protection of Sal and the involved mechanisms related to mitochondrial dynamics homeostasis on hypoxia-induced injury of HT22 cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Hypoxic condition was performed as cells cultured in a tri-gas incubator with 1% O2, 5% CO2 and 94% N2. We firstly investigated the effects of different concentrations of Sal on the viability of normal or hypoxic HT22 cells. Whereafter, the levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and Na+-K+-ATPase were tested by commercial kits. Meanwhile, mitochondrial superoxide, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were determined by specific labeled probes. Mitochondrial morphology was detected by mito-tracker green with confocal microscopy. Additionally, the potential interactions of Sal with Sirt1/p53/Drp1 signaling pathway-related proteins were predicted and tested by molecular docking and localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) techniques, respectively. Furthermore, the protein levels of Sirt1, p53, ac-p53, Drp1, p-Drp1(s616), Fis1 and Mfn2 were estimated by western blot analysis. RESULTS Sal alleviated hypoxia-induced oxidative stress in HT22 cells as evidenced by increased cell viability and SOD activity, while decreased LDH release and MDA content. The protected mitochondrial function by Sal treatment was indicated by the increases of ATP level, Na+-K+-ATPase activity and MMP. Miraculously, Sal reduced hypoxia-induced mitochondrial fission, while increased mitochondrial tubular or linear morphology. The results of molecular docking and LSPR confirmed the potential binding of Sal to proteins Sirt1, p53, Fis1 and Mfn2 with affinity values 1.38 × 10-2, 5.26 × 10-3, 6.46 × 10-3 and 7.26 × 10-3 KD, respectively. And western blot analysis further demonstrated that Sal memorably raised the levels of Sirt1 and Mfn2, while decreased the levels of ac-p53, Drp1, p-Drp1 (s616) and Fis1. CONCLUSION Collectively, our data confirm that Sal can maintain mitochondrial dynamics homeostasis by activating the Sirt1/p53/Drp1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Wang
- Research Institute of Integrated TCM & Western Medicine, and Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Yan Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Na Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Jinrong Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Shengnan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Yi Zhang
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Ya Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China.
| | - Xianli Meng
- Research Institute of Integrated TCM & Western Medicine, and Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China.
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25
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Han Y, Liu Y, Zhen J, Hou S, Zhang B, Cui Z, Wan Q, Feng H. P53 regulates mitochondrial biogenesis via transcriptionally induction of mitochondrial ribosomal protein L12. Exp Cell Res 2022; 418:113249. [PMID: 35691378 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2022.113249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The well-documented tumor suppressor p53 is also a major stress response factor for its diverse regulation on cellular energetics. However, the effect of p53 on mitochondrial biogenesis, which plays a predominant role in response to the elevated energy demands, appears to be pleiotropic in various conditions and has not reached agreement. Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L12 (MRPL12), reported as a bi-functional protein for its roles in both mitochondrial ribosomes and transcriptional complexes, is a core regulatory component in mitochondrial biogenesis. Here we proved that MRPL12 is transcriptionally regulated by p53. Furthermore, the p53/MRPL12 regulation of mitochondria is part of the signaling pathway that maintains the basal mitochondrial content and positively coordinates the mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) in response to metabolic perturbation. Since p53 serves as the'Guardian of the Genome', our findings may revealed a new mechanism underlying the conditions when more ATP is warranted to maintain the genome integrity and cell survival. Therefore the pharmacological intervention or metabolic modulation (e.g., through fasting or exercise) of the p53/MRPL12 pathway promises to be a therapeutic approach that can safeguard health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitong Han
- Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China; Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zibo First Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China; Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospidhandongtal Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Infectious Respiratory Disease, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Junhui Zhen
- Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shaoshuai Hou
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - ZhengGuo Cui
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Fukui School of Medical Science, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Qiang Wan
- Department of Cell Metabolism and Disease Laboratory, Jinan Central Hospital, Qilu Medical College, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.
| | - Hong Feng
- Cancer Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
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26
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Wang P, Wu B, You S, Lu S, Xiong S, Zou Y, Jia P, Guo X, Zhang Y, Cao L, Sun Y, Zhang N. DNA Polymerase Gamma Recovers Mitochondrial Function and Inhibits Vascular Calcification by Interacted with p53. Int J Biol Sci 2022; 18:409-425. [PMID: 34975341 PMCID: PMC8692132 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.65030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA polymerase gamma (PolG) is the major polymerase of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and essential for stabilizing mitochondrial function. Vascular calcification (VC) is common senescence related degenerative pathology phenomenon in the end-stage of multiple chronic diseases. Mitochondrial dysfunction was often observed in calcified vessels, but the function and mechanism of PolG in the calcification process was still unknown. The present study found PolGD257A/D257A mice presented more severe calcification of aortas than wild type (WT) mice with vitamin D3 (Vit D3) treatment, and this phenomenon was also confirmed in vitro. Mechanistically, PolG could enhance the recruitment and interaction of p53 in calcification condition to recover mitochondrial function and eventually to resist calcification. Meanwhile, we found the mutant PolG (D257A) failed to achieve the same rescue effects, suggesting the 3'-5' exonuclease activity guarantee the enhanced interaction of p53 and PolG in response to calcification stimulation. Thus, we believed that it was PolG, not mutant PolG, could maintain mitochondrial function and attenuate calcification in vitro and in vivo. And PolG could be a novel potential therapeutic target against calcification, providing a novel insight to clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengbo Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People Republic of China
| | - Boquan Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People Republic of China
| | - Shilong You
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People Republic of China
| | - Saien Lu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People Republic of China
| | - Shengjun Xiong
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People Republic of China
| | - Yuanming Zou
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People Republic of China
| | - Pengyu Jia
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People Republic of China
| | - Xiaofan Guo
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People Republic of China
| | - Liu Cao
- College of Basic Medical Science, Institute of Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Liaoning Province, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning Province, People Republic of China
| | - Yingxian Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People Republic of China
| | - Naijin Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People Republic of China
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27
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Czegle I, Gray AL, Wang M, Liu Y, Wang J, Wappler-Guzzetta EA. Mitochondria and Their Relationship with Common Genetic Abnormalities in Hematologic Malignancies. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:1351. [PMID: 34947882 PMCID: PMC8707674 DOI: 10.3390/life11121351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematologic malignancies are known to be associated with numerous cytogenetic and molecular genetic changes. In addition to morphology, immunophenotype, cytochemistry and clinical characteristics, these genetic alterations are typically required to diagnose myeloid, lymphoid, and plasma cell neoplasms. According to the current World Health Organization (WHO) Classification of Tumors of Hematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues, numerous genetic changes are highlighted, often defining a distinct subtype of a disease, or providing prognostic information. This review highlights how these molecular changes can alter mitochondrial bioenergetics, cell death pathways, mitochondrial dynamics and potentially be related to mitochondrial genetic changes. A better understanding of these processes emphasizes potential novel therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibolya Czegle
- Department of Internal Medicine and Haematology, Semmelweis University, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Austin L. Gray
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; (A.L.G.); (Y.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Minjing Wang
- Independent Researcher, Diamond Bar, CA 91765, USA;
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; (A.L.G.); (Y.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; (A.L.G.); (Y.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Edina A. Wappler-Guzzetta
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; (A.L.G.); (Y.L.); (J.W.)
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28
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Ghosh-Choudhary SK, Liu J, Finkel T. The role of mitochondria in cellular senescence. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21991. [PMID: 34758157 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202101462r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are intimately connected to cell fate and function. Here, we review how these intracellular organelles participate in the induction and maintenance of the senescent state. In particular, we discuss how alterations in mitochondrial metabolism, quality control and dynamics are all involved in various aspects of cellular senescence. Together, these observations suggest that mitochondria are active participants and are mechanistically linked to the unique biology of senescence. We further describe how these insights can be potentially exploited for therapeutic benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jie Liu
- Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine/UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Toren Finkel
- Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine/UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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29
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Hemin enhances the cardioprotective effects of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes against infarction via amelioration of cardiomyocyte senescence. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:332. [PMID: 34674708 PMCID: PMC8532335 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-01077-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Application of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-EXO) has emerged as a novel therapeutic strategy for myocardial infarction (MI). Our previous study showed that pretreatment with hemin, a potent heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) inducer, enhanced the cardioprotective effects of MSCs in a mouse model of MI. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of EXO derived from hemin-pretreated MSCs (Hemin-MSC-EXO) in MI and explore the potential mechanisms. METHODS MSC-EXO and Hemin-MSC-EXO were collected and characterized. MSC-EXO and Hemin-MSC-EXO were intramuscularly injected into the peri-infarct region in a mouse model of MI. Heart function of mice was assessed by echocardiography. The mitochondrial morphology of neonatal mice cardiomyocytes (NMCMs) under serum deprivation and hypoxic (SD/H) conditions was examined by Mitotracker staining. The cellular senescence of NMCMs was determined by senescence-associated-β-galactosidase assay. A loss-of-function approach was adopted to determine the role of Hemin-MSC-exosomal-miR-183-5p in the regulation of cardiomyocyte senescence RESULTS: EXO were successfully isolated from the supernatant of MSCs and Hemin-pretreated MSCs. Compared with MSC-EXO, injection of Hemin-MSC-EXO significantly improved cardiac function and reduced fibrosis. Both MSC-EXO and Hemin-MSC-EXO ameliorated cardiomyocyte senescence and mitochondrial fission in vitro and in vivo, and the latter exhibited better protective effects. MicroRNA sequencing revealed a higher level of miR-183-5p in Hemin-MSC-EXO than in MSC-EXO. MiR-183-5p knockdown partially abrogated the protective effects of Hemin-MSC-EXO in attenuating mitochondrial fission and cellular senescence of cardiomyocytes induced by SD/H. High mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) abundance was lower in Hemin-MSC-EXO-treated than MSC-EXO-treated mouse hearts, and HMGB1 was identified as one of the potential target genes of miR-183-5p. Mechanistically, Hemin-MSC-EXO inhibited SD/H-induced cardiomyocyte senescence partially by delivering miR-183-5p into recipient cardiomyocytes via regulation of the HMGB1/ERK pathway. Furthermore, knockdown of miR-183-5p reduced the Hemin-MSC-EXO-mediated cardioprotective effects in a mouse model of MI. CONCLUSION Our results reveal that Hemin-MSC-EXO are superior to MSC-EXO in treating MI. Exosomal miR-183-5p mediates, at least partially, the cardioprotective effects of Hemin-MSC-EXO by inhibiting cardiomyocyte senescence via regulation of the HMGB1/ERK pathway. This study highlights that MSC-EXO have high translational value in repairing cardiac dysfunction following infarction.
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Mitochondrial and Oxidative Unbalance in Placentas from Mothers with SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10101517. [PMID: 34679654 PMCID: PMC8533135 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10101517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infection has been related to adverse pregnancy outcomes. A placental role in protecting the fetus from SARS-CoV-2 infection has been documented. Nevertheless, it is still unclear how the placenta is affected in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Here we assessed placental mitochondrial (mt) and oxidative features in COVID-19 and healthy mothers. mtDNA levels, DNA oxidative damage, expression levels of genes involved in antioxidant defenses, mitochondrial dynamics and respiratory chain subunits were investigated in placentas from singleton pregnancies of 30 women with SARS-CoV-2 infection during the third trimester (12 asymptomatic, 18 symptomatic) and 16 controls. mtDNA levels decreased in COVID-19 placentas vs. controls and inversely correlated with DNA oxidative damage, which increased in the symptomatic group. Antioxidant gene expressions decreased in SARS-CoV-2 mothers (CAT, GSS). Symptomatic cases also showed a lower expression of respiratory chain (NDUFA9, SDHA, COX4I1) and mt dynamics (DNM1L, FIS1) genes. Alterations in placental mitochondrial features and oxidative balance in COVID-19-affected mothers might be due to the impaired intrauterine environment, generated by systemic viral effects, leading to a negative vicious circle that worsens placental oxidative stress and mitochondrial efficiency. This likely causes cell homeostasis dysregulations, raising the potential of possible long-term effects.
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Ahumada-Castro U, Puebla-Huerta A, Cuevas-Espinoza V, Lovy A, Cardenas JC. Keeping zombies alive: The ER-mitochondria Ca 2+ transfer in cellular senescence. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2021; 1868:119099. [PMID: 34274397 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2021.119099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Cellular senescence generates a permanent cell cycle arrest, characterized by apoptosis resistance and a pro-inflammatory senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Physiologically, senescent cells promote tissue remodeling during development and after injury. However, when accumulated over a certain threshold as happens during aging or after cellular stress, senescent cells contribute to the functional decline of tissues, participating in the generation of several diseases. Cellular senescence is accompanied by increased mitochondrial metabolism. How mitochondrial function is regulated and what role it plays in senescent cell homeostasis is poorly understood. Mitochondria are functionally and physically coupled to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), the major calcium (Ca2+) storage organelle in mammalian cells, through special domains known as mitochondria-ER contacts (MERCs). In this domain, the release of Ca2+ from the ER is mainly regulated by inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs), a family of three Ca2+ release channels activated by a ligand (IP3). IP3R-mediated Ca2+ release is transferred to mitochondria through the mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter (MCU), where it modulates the activity of several enzymes and transporters impacting its bioenergetic and biosynthetic function. Here, we review the possible connection between ER to mitochondria Ca2+ transfer and senescence. Understanding the pathways that contribute to senescence is essential to reveal new therapeutic targets that allow either delaying senescent cell accumulation or reduce senescent cell burden to alleviate multiple diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulises Ahumada-Castro
- Center for Integrative Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Mayor, Santiago 8580745, Chile; Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago 8580745, Chile
| | - Andrea Puebla-Huerta
- Center for Integrative Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Mayor, Santiago 8580745, Chile; Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago 8580745, Chile
| | - Victor Cuevas-Espinoza
- Center for Integrative Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Mayor, Santiago 8580745, Chile; Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago 8580745, Chile
| | - Alenka Lovy
- Center for Integrative Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Mayor, Santiago 8580745, Chile; Department of Neuroscience, Center for Neuroscience Research, Tufts School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J Cesar Cardenas
- Center for Integrative Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Mayor, Santiago 8580745, Chile; Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago 8580745, Chile; Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94945, USA; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.
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Epperly MW, Shields D, Fisher R, Hou W, Wang H, Hamade DF, Mukherjee A, Greenberger JS. Radiation-Induced Senescence in p16+/LUC Mouse Lung Compared to Bone Marrow Multilineage Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells. Radiat Res 2021; 196:235-249. [PMID: 34087939 DOI: 10.1667/rade-20-00286.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
We defined the time course of ionizing radiation-induced senescence in lung compared to bone marrow of p16+/LUC mice in which the senescence-induced biomarker (p16) is linked to a luciferase reporter gene. Periodic in situ imaging revealed increased luciferase activity in the lungs of 20 Gy thoracic irradiated, but not 8 Gy total-body irradiated (TBI) mice beginning at day 75 and increasing to day 170. In serial sections of explanted lungs, senescent cells appeared in the same areas as did fibrosis in the 20 Gy thoracic irradiated, but not the 8 Gy TBI group. Lungs from 8 Gy TBI mice at one year did show increased RNA levels for p16, p21, p19 and TGF-β. Individual senescent cells in 20 Gy irradiated mouse lung included those with epithelial, endothelial, fibroblast and hematopoietic cell biomarkers. Rare senescent cells in the lungs of 8 Gy TBI mice at one year were of endothelial phenotype. Long-term bone marrow cultures (LTBMCs) were established at either day 60 or one year after 8 Gy TBI. In freshly removed marrow at both times after irradiation, there were increased senescent cells. In LTBMCs, there were increased senescent cells in both weekly harvested single cells and in colonies of multilineage hematopoietic progenitor cells producing CFU-GEMM (colony forming unit-granulocyte, erythrocyte, monocyte/macrophage, megakaryocyte) that were formed in secondary cultures when these single cells were plated in semisolid media. LTBMCs from TBI mice produced fewer CFU-GEMM; however, the relative percentage of senescent cell-containing colonies was increased as measured by both p16-luciferase and β-galactosidase. Therefore, 20 Gy thoracic radiation, as well as 8 Gy TBI, induces senescent cells in the lungs. With bone marrow, 8 Gy TBI induced senescence in both hematopoietic cells and in colony-forming progenitors. The p16+/LUC mouse strain provides a valuable system in which to compare the kinetics of radiation-induced senescence between organs in vivo, and to evaluate the potential role of senescent cells in irradiation pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael W Epperly
- Department of Radiation Oncology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15232
| | - Donna Shields
- Department of Radiation Oncology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15232
| | - Renee Fisher
- Department of Radiation Oncology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15232
| | - Wen Hou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15232
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260
| | - Diala Fatima Hamade
- Department of Radiation Oncology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15232
| | - Amitava Mukherjee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15232
| | - Joel S Greenberger
- Department of Radiation Oncology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15232
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Kim YY, Um JH, Shin DJ, Jeong DJ, Hong YB, Yun J. p53-mediated regulation of mitochondrial dynamics plays a pivotal role in the senescence of various normal cells as well as cancer cells. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21319. [PMID: 33433933 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202002007r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The tumor suppressor p53 is known as a critical mediator of many cellular processes, including cellular senescence, but its role in mitochondrial dynamics is not fully understood. We have previously shown that p53 regulates mitochondrial dynamics via the PKA-Drp1 pathway to induce cellular senescence. In this study, to further understand the role of p53-dependent regulation of mitochondrial dynamics, the effect of p53 expression on mitochondrial morphology was examined in various cancer cell lines and normal human cells. We found that p53 induced remarkable mitochondrial elongation and cellular senescence in various cancer cells regardless of their p53 status. p53 also induced mitochondrial elongation in various human primary normal cells, suggesting that p53-mediated mitochondrial elongation is a general phenomenon. Moreover, we found that p53 plays an essential role in mitochondrial elongation in H-Ras-induced cellular senescence and in the replicative senescence of normal human cells. Treatment with the MDM-2 antagonist Nutlin-3a also induced mitochondrial elongation through the PKA-Drp1 pathway in IMR90 normal human cells. Furthermore, the inhibition of PKA activity in late-passage normal cells significantly reduced both mitochondrial elongation and cellular senescence, suggesting that the p53-PKA pathway is essential for maintaining the senescence phenotype in normal cells. Together, these results further confirm the direct regulation of mitochondrial dynamics by p53 and the important role of p53-mediated mitochondrial elongation in cellular senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Yeon Kim
- Peripheral Neuropathy Research Center, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee-Hyun Um
- Peripheral Neuropathy Research Center, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Jin Shin
- Peripheral Neuropathy Research Center, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea.,Department of Translational Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Jin Jeong
- Peripheral Neuropathy Research Center, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea.,Department of Translational Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Bin Hong
- Peripheral Neuropathy Research Center, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea.,Department of Translational Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeanho Yun
- Peripheral Neuropathy Research Center, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea.,Department of Translational Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea
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Zhang M, Cui Y, Zhu W, Yu J, Cheng Y, Wu X, Zhang J, Xin W, Yu Y, Sun H. Attenuation of the mutual elevation of iron accumulation and oxidative stress may contribute to the neuroprotective and anti-seizure effects of xenon in neonatal hypoxia-induced seizures. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 161:212-223. [PMID: 33075502 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have suggested that xenon inhalation has neuroprotective and antiepileptic effects; however, the underlying mechanisms involved remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the possible xenon inhalation mechanisms involved in the neuroprotection and antiepileptic effects. A neonatal hypoxic C57BL/6J mouse model was used for the experiments. Immediately after hypoxia treatment, the treatment group inhaled a xenon mixture (70% xenon/21% oxygen/9% nitrogen) for 60 min, while the hypoxia group inhaled a non-xenon mixture (21% oxygen/79% nitrogen) for 60 min. Seizure activity was recorded at designated time points using electroencephalography. Oxidative stress levels, iron levels, neuronal injury, and learning and memory functions were also studied. The results showed that hypoxia increased the levels of iron, oxidative stress, mitophagy, and neurodegeneration, which were accompanied by seizures and learning and memory disorders. In addition, our results confirmed that xenon treatment significantly attenuated the hypoxia-induced seizures and cognitive defects in neonatal C57 mice. Moreover, the increased levels of iron, oxidative stress, mitophagy, and neuronal injury were reduced in xenon-treated mice. This study confirms the significant protective effects of a xenon mixture on hypoxia-induced damage in neonatal mice. Furthermore, our results suggest that reducing oxidative stress levels and iron accumulation may be the underlying mechanisms of xenon activity. Studying the protective mechanisms of xenon will advance its applications in potential therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengdi Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Yaru Cui
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250062, China
| | - Jie Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Yao Cheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Xiangdong Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Jinjin Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Wenyu Xin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Yan Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Hongliu Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China.
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Walden EA, Fong RY, Pham TT, Knill H, Laframboise SJ, Huard S, Harper ME, Baetz K. Phenomic screen identifies a role for the yeast lysine acetyltransferase NuA4 in the control of Bcy1 subcellular localization, glycogen biosynthesis, and mitochondrial morphology. PLoS Genet 2020; 16:e1009220. [PMID: 33253187 PMCID: PMC7728387 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular metabolism is tightly regulated by many signaling pathways and processes, including lysine acetylation of proteins. While lysine acetylation of metabolic enzymes can directly influence enzyme activity, there is growing evidence that lysine acetylation can also impact protein localization. As the Saccharomyces cerevisiae lysine acetyltransferase complex NuA4 has been implicated in a variety of metabolic processes, we have explored whether NuA4 controls the localization and/or protein levels of metabolic proteins. We performed a high-throughput microscopy screen of over 360 GFP-tagged metabolic proteins and identified 23 proteins whose localization and/or abundance changed upon deletion of the NuA4 scaffolding subunit, EAF1. Within this, three proteins were required for glycogen synthesis and 14 proteins were associated with the mitochondria. We determined that in eaf1Δ cells the transcription of glycogen biosynthesis genes is upregulated resulting in increased proteins and glycogen production. Further, in the absence of EAF1, mitochondria are highly fused, increasing in volume approximately 3-fold, and are chaotically distributed but remain functional. Both the increased glycogen synthesis and mitochondrial elongation in eaf1Δ cells are dependent on Bcy1, the yeast regulatory subunit of PKA. Surprisingly, in the absence of EAF1, Bcy1 localization changes from being nuclear to cytoplasmic and PKA activity is altered. We found that NuA4-dependent localization of Bcy1 is dependent on a lysine residue at position 313 of Bcy1. However, the glycogen accumulation and mitochondrial elongation phenotypes of eaf1Δ, while dependent on Bcy1, were not fully dependent on Bcy1-K313 acetylation state and subcellular localization of Bcy1. As NuA4 is highly conserved with the human Tip60 complex, our work may inform human disease biology, revealing new avenues to investigate the role of Tip60 in metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A. Walden
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Roger Y. Fong
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Trang T. Pham
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Hana Knill
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Sarah Jane Laframboise
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Sylvain Huard
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Mary-Ellen Harper
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Kristin Baetz
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Ottawa, Canada
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Calabrese C, Panuzzo C, Stanga S, Andreani G, Ravera S, Maglione A, Pironi L, Petiti J, Shahzad Ali M, Scaravaglio P, Napoli F, Fava C, De Gobbi M, Frassoni F, Saglio G, Bracco E, Pergolizzi B, Cilloni D. Deferasirox-Dependent Iron Chelation Enhances Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Restores p53 Signaling by Stabilization of p53 Family Members in Leukemic Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21207674. [PMID: 33081324 PMCID: PMC7589297 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron is crucial to satisfy several mitochondrial functions including energy metabolism and oxidative phosphorylation. Patients affected by Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are frequently characterized by iron overload (IOL), due to continuous red blood cell (RBC) transfusions. This event impacts the overall survival (OS) and it is associated with increased mortality in lower-risk MDS patients. Accordingly, the oral iron chelator Deferasirox (DFX) has been reported to improve the OS and delay leukemic transformation. However, the molecular players and the biological mechanisms laying behind remain currently mostly undefined. The aim of this study has been to investigate the potential anti-leukemic effect of DFX, by functionally and molecularly analyzing its effects in three different leukemia cell lines, harboring or not p53 mutations, and in human primary cells derived from 15 MDS/AML patients. Our findings indicated that DFX can lead to apoptosis, impairment of cell growth only in a context of IOL, and can induce a significant alteration of mitochondria network, with a sharp reduction in mitochondrial activity. Moreover, through a remarkable reduction of Murine Double Minute 2 (MDM2), known to regulate the stability of p53 and p73 proteins, we observed an enhancement of p53 transcriptional activity after DFX. Interestingly, this iron depletion-triggered signaling is enabled by p73, in the absence of p53, or in the presence of a p53 mutant form. In conclusion, we propose a mechanism by which the increased p53 family transcriptional activity and protein stability could explain the potential benefits of iron chelation therapy in terms of improving OS and delaying leukemic transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Calabrese
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Turin, Italy; (C.C.); (G.A.); (A.M.); (L.P.); (J.P.); (M.S.A.); (P.S.); (C.F.); (M.D.G.); (F.F.); (G.S.); (B.P.); (D.C.)
| | - Cristina Panuzzo
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Turin, Italy; (C.C.); (G.A.); (A.M.); (L.P.); (J.P.); (M.S.A.); (P.S.); (C.F.); (M.D.G.); (F.F.); (G.S.); (B.P.); (D.C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Serena Stanga
- Department of Neuroscience Rita Levi Montalcini, Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy;
| | - Giacomo Andreani
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Turin, Italy; (C.C.); (G.A.); (A.M.); (L.P.); (J.P.); (M.S.A.); (P.S.); (C.F.); (M.D.G.); (F.F.); (G.S.); (B.P.); (D.C.)
| | - Silvia Ravera
- Human Anatomy Section, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, 16132 Genova, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Maglione
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Turin, Italy; (C.C.); (G.A.); (A.M.); (L.P.); (J.P.); (M.S.A.); (P.S.); (C.F.); (M.D.G.); (F.F.); (G.S.); (B.P.); (D.C.)
| | - Lucrezia Pironi
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Turin, Italy; (C.C.); (G.A.); (A.M.); (L.P.); (J.P.); (M.S.A.); (P.S.); (C.F.); (M.D.G.); (F.F.); (G.S.); (B.P.); (D.C.)
| | - Jessica Petiti
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Turin, Italy; (C.C.); (G.A.); (A.M.); (L.P.); (J.P.); (M.S.A.); (P.S.); (C.F.); (M.D.G.); (F.F.); (G.S.); (B.P.); (D.C.)
| | - Muhammad Shahzad Ali
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Turin, Italy; (C.C.); (G.A.); (A.M.); (L.P.); (J.P.); (M.S.A.); (P.S.); (C.F.); (M.D.G.); (F.F.); (G.S.); (B.P.); (D.C.)
| | - Patrizia Scaravaglio
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Turin, Italy; (C.C.); (G.A.); (A.M.); (L.P.); (J.P.); (M.S.A.); (P.S.); (C.F.); (M.D.G.); (F.F.); (G.S.); (B.P.); (D.C.)
| | - Francesca Napoli
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, 10043 Turin, Italy; (F.N.); (E.B.)
| | - Carmen Fava
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Turin, Italy; (C.C.); (G.A.); (A.M.); (L.P.); (J.P.); (M.S.A.); (P.S.); (C.F.); (M.D.G.); (F.F.); (G.S.); (B.P.); (D.C.)
| | - Marco De Gobbi
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Turin, Italy; (C.C.); (G.A.); (A.M.); (L.P.); (J.P.); (M.S.A.); (P.S.); (C.F.); (M.D.G.); (F.F.); (G.S.); (B.P.); (D.C.)
| | - Francesco Frassoni
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Turin, Italy; (C.C.); (G.A.); (A.M.); (L.P.); (J.P.); (M.S.A.); (P.S.); (C.F.); (M.D.G.); (F.F.); (G.S.); (B.P.); (D.C.)
| | - Giuseppe Saglio
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Turin, Italy; (C.C.); (G.A.); (A.M.); (L.P.); (J.P.); (M.S.A.); (P.S.); (C.F.); (M.D.G.); (F.F.); (G.S.); (B.P.); (D.C.)
| | - Enrico Bracco
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, 10043 Turin, Italy; (F.N.); (E.B.)
| | - Barbara Pergolizzi
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Turin, Italy; (C.C.); (G.A.); (A.M.); (L.P.); (J.P.); (M.S.A.); (P.S.); (C.F.); (M.D.G.); (F.F.); (G.S.); (B.P.); (D.C.)
| | - Daniela Cilloni
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Turin, Italy; (C.C.); (G.A.); (A.M.); (L.P.); (J.P.); (M.S.A.); (P.S.); (C.F.); (M.D.G.); (F.F.); (G.S.); (B.P.); (D.C.)
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Li R, Toan S, Zhou H. Role of mitochondrial quality control in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:6467-6485. [PMID: 32213662 PMCID: PMC7185127 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nutrient oversupply and mitochondrial dysfunction play central roles in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The mitochondria are the major sites of β-oxidation, a catabolic process by which fatty acids are broken down. The mitochondrial quality control (MQC) system includes mitochondrial fission, fusion, mitophagy and mitochondrial redox regulation, and is essential for the maintenance of the functionality and structural integrity of the mitochondria. Excessive and uncontrolled production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the mitochondria damages mitochondrial components, including membranes, proteins and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), and triggers the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis. The functionality of some damaged mitochondria can be restored by fusion with normally functioning mitochondria, but when severely damaged, mitochondria are segregated from the remaining functional mitochondrial network through fission and are eventually degraded via mitochondrial autophagy, also called as mitophagy. In this review, we describe the functions and mechanisms of mitochondrial fission, fusion, oxidative stress and mitophagy in the development and progression of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruibing Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Sam Toan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Minnesota-Duluth, Duluth, MN 55812, USA
| | - Hao Zhou
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
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