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Du Q, Shao R, Wang W, Zhang H, Liao X, Wang Z, Yin Z, Ai Q, Mai K, Tang X, Wan M. Vitamin D3 Regulates Energy Homeostasis under Short-Term Fasting Condition in Zebrafish (Danio Rerio). Nutrients 2024; 16:1271. [PMID: 38732518 PMCID: PMC11085765 DOI: 10.3390/nu16091271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D3 (VD3) is a steroid hormone that plays pivotal roles in pathophysiology, and 1,25(OH)2D3 is the most active form of VD3. In the current study, the crucial role of VD3 in maintaining energy homeostasis under short-term fasting conditions was investigated. Our results confirmed that glucose-depriving pathways were inhibited while glucose-producing pathways were strengthened in zebrafish after fasting for 24 or 48 h. Moreover, VD3 anabolism in zebrafish was significantly suppressed in a time-dependent manner under short-fasting conditions. After fasting for 24 or 48 h, zebrafish fed with VD3 displayed a higher gluconeogenesis level and lower glycolysis level in the liver, and the serum glucose was maintained at higher levels, compared to those fed without VD3. Additionally, VD3 augmented the expression of fatty acids (FAs) transporter cd36 and lipogenesis in the liver, while enhancing lipolysis in the dorsal muscle. Similar results were obtained in cyp2r1-/- zebrafish, in which VD3 metabolism is obstructed. Importantly, it was observed that VD3 induced the production of gut GLP-1, which is considered to possess a potent gluconeogenic function in zebrafish. Meanwhile, the gene expression of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 1 (pcsk1), a GLP-1 processing enzyme, was also induced in the intestine of short-term fasted zebrafish. Notably, gut microbiota and its metabolite acetate were involved in VD3-regulated pcsk1 expression and GLP-1 production under short-term fasting conditions. In summary, our study demonstrated that VD3 regulated GLP-1 production in zebrafish by influencing gut microbiota and its metabolite, contributing to energy homeostasis and ameliorating hypoglycemia under short-term fasting conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyang Du
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Rui Shao
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Wentao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xinmeng Liao
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Zhihao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Zhan Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Qinghui Ai
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Kangsen Mai
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xiao Tang
- Division of Physiological Chemistry II, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Min Wan
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
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Shao R, Liao X, Wang W, Lan Y, Zhang H, Du Q, Jiao L, Yin Z, Ai Q, Mai K, Wan M. Vitamin D regulates glucose metabolism in zebrafish (Danio rerio) by maintaining intestinal homeostasis. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 123:109473. [PMID: 37844767 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D (VD) is a steroid hormone that is widely known to play an important role in maintaining mineral homeostasis, and regulating various physiological functions. Our previous results demonstrated that the interruption of VD metabolism caused hyperglycemia in zebrafish. In the present study we further explored the mechanism that VD regulates glucose metabolism by maintaining intestinal homeostasis in zebrafish. Our results showed that the expression of several peptide hormones including gastric inhibitory peptide, peptide YY, and fibroblast growth factor 19 in the intestine decreased, while the expression of sodium glucose cotransporter-1 and gcg was increased in the intestine of the zebrafish fed with the VD3-deficient diet. Consistently, similar results were obtained in cyp2r1-/- zebrafish, in which endogenous VD metabolism is blocked. Furthermore, the results obtained from germ-free zebrafish exhibited that VD-regulated glucose metabolism was partly dependent on the microbiota in zebrafish. Importantly, the transplantation of gut microbiota collected from cyp2r1-/- zebrafish to germ-free zebrafish led to hyperglycemic symptoms in the fish, which were associated with the altered structure and functions of the microbiota in cyp2r1-/- zebrafish. Interestingly, the treatments with acetate or Cetobacterium somerae, a potent acetate producer, lowered the glucose contents whereas augmented insulin expression in zebrafish larvae. Notably, acetate supplementation alleviated hyperglycemia in cyp2r1-/- zebrafish and other diabetic zebrafish. In conclusion, our study has demonstrated that VD modulates the gut microbiota-SCFAs-gastrointestinal hormone axis, contributing to the maintenance of glucose homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Shao
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Xinmeng Liao
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Wentao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Yawen Lan
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Qingyang Du
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Lin Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhan Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Qinghui Ai
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Kangsen Mai
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Min Wan
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.
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Gence L, Fernezelian D, Meilhac O, Rastegar S, Bascands JL, Diotel N. Insulin signaling promotes neurogenesis in the brain of adult zebrafish. J Comp Neurol 2023; 531:1812-1827. [PMID: 37750011 DOI: 10.1002/cne.25542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Insulin is a peptide hormone that plays a central role in the regulation of circulating blood glucose in vertebrates, including zebrafish. Increasing evidence has demonstrated the important role of insulin in many brain functions. In zebrafish, two insulin receptor genes (insra and insrb) have been identified. However, their biodistribution in the adult brain as well as their cell-specific expression pattern has not been well described. Using gene expression analysis, in situ hybridization and transgenic fish, we confirmed the expression of insra, insrb, and irs1 (insulin receptor substrate 1, the downstream effector of insulin receptor) in the brain of adult zebrafish and characterized their specific expression in neurons and neural stem cells (radial glia). After demonstrating that intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection resulted in the diffusion of the injected solution within the ventricular system, we analyzed the effect of insulin ICV injection on neurogenesis. We showed that insulin promotes ventricular cell proliferation 24 h postinjection. This neurogenic effect appeared to be independent of neuroinflammatory processes. Also, after a mechanical telencephalic stab-wound injury, we highlighted the overexpression of irs1 gene 5 days postlesion notably in the ventricular zone where radial glial cells (RGCs) are localized, suggesting key roles of insulin signaling in regenerative processes. Finally, our results reinforced the expression of insulin-related proteins in the brain of adult zebrafish, highlighting the potential role of insulin signaling on neurogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Gence
- Université de La Réunion, INSERM, UMR 1188, Diabète athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), Saint-Denis, La Réunion, France
| | - Danielle Fernezelian
- Université de La Réunion, INSERM, UMR 1188, Diabète athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), Saint-Denis, La Réunion, France
| | - Olivier Meilhac
- Université de La Réunion, INSERM, UMR 1188, Diabète athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), Saint-Denis, La Réunion, France
- CHU de La Réunion, Saint-Denis, La Réunion, France
| | - Sepand Rastegar
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems-Biological Information Processing (IBCS-BIP), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Jean-Loup Bascands
- Université de La Réunion, INSERM, UMR 1188, Diabète athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), Saint-Denis, La Réunion, France
| | - Nicolas Diotel
- Université de La Réunion, INSERM, UMR 1188, Diabète athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), Saint-Denis, La Réunion, France
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Xi L, Lu Q, Liu Y, Gong Y, Liu H, Jin J, Zhang Z, Yang Y, Zhu X, Han D, Xie S. Study on Carbohydrate Metabolism in Adult Zebrafish ( Danio rerio). AQUACULTURE NUTRITION 2023; 2023:1397508. [PMID: 37901279 PMCID: PMC10611541 DOI: 10.1155/2023/1397508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Excessive carbohydrate intake leads to metabolic disorders in fish. However, few literatures have reported the appropriate carbohydrate level for zebrafish, and the metabolic response to dietary carbohydrate remains largely unknown in zebrafish. This study assessed the responses of zebrafish and zebrafish liver cell line (ZFL) to different carbohydrate levels. In vivo results showed that ≥30% dietary dextrin levels significantly increased the plasma glucose content, activated the expression of hepatic glycolysis-related genes, and inhibited the expression of hepatic gluconeogenesis-related genes in zebrafish. Oil red O staining, triglyceride content, and Hematoxylin-Eosin staining results showed that dietary dextrin levels of ≥30% significantly increased lipid accumulation and liver damage, as well as processes related to glycolipid metabolism and inflammation in zebrafish. In ZFL, the transcription factor sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c signal intensity, 4,4-difluoro-1,3,5,7,8-pentamethyl-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene (BODIPY 493/503) signal intensity, and triglyceride content were also significantly increased when incubated in high glucose, along with abnormal glycolipid metabolism and increased inflammation-related genes. In conclusion, we demonstrated that the maximum dietary carbohydrate level in adult zebrafish should be less than 30%. Excess dietary carbohydrates (30%-50%) caused hepatic steatosis and damage to zebrafish, similar to that seen in aquaculture species. Thus, this study assessed responses to different carbohydrate levels in zebrafish and illustrated that zebrafish is an optimal model for investigating glucose metabolism in some aquatic animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longwei Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qisheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yulong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yulong Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Haokun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Junyan Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zhimin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yunxia Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xiaoming Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Dong Han
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Shouqi Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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Liu R, Lu Y, Peng X, Jia J, Ruan Y, Shi S, Shu T, Li T, Jin X, Zhai G, He J, Lou Q, Yin Z. Enhanced insulin activity achieved in VDRa/b ablation zebrafish. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1054665. [PMID: 36864841 PMCID: PMC9972578 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1054665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1α,25[OH]2VD3) is a hormone known for its key roles in calcium absorption and nutrient metabolism. In teleost fishes, 1α,25(OH)2VD3 insufficiency causes impaired glucose metabolism and lipid oxidation. However, the cascade and mechanisms of 1α,25(OH)2VD3 and the vitamin d receptor (VDR) signaling are unclear. RESULTS In this study, two genes (vdra and vdrb) encoding paralogs of VDRs were genetically knocked out in zebrafish. Growth retardation and accumulated visceral adipose tissue have been observed in vdra -/-;vdrb -/- deficient line. In the liver elevated accumulation of triglycerides and suppressed lipid oxidation were detected. Morover significantly elevated 1α,25(OH)2VD3 levels were detected in vdra-/-;vdrb-/- zebrafish due to cyp24a1 transcription repression. Furthermore VDRs ablation Enhanced insulin signaling including elevated insulin/insra trancriptional levels, glycolysis, lipogenesis and promoted AKT/mTOR activity. DISCUSSION In conclusion, our present studies provides a zebrafish model with an elevated 1α,25(OH)2VD3 levels in vivo. The 1α,25(OH)2VD3/VDRs signaling promote lipid oxidation activity. However 1α,25(OH)2VD3 activity of regulation of glucose homeostasis through Insulin/Insr was independent of nuclear VDRs in teleosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruolan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yao Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuyan Peng
- The Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zheng Zhou, China
| | - Jingyi Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yonglin Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shengchi Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tingting Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Tianhui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xia Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Gang Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiangyan He
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiyong Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Qiyong Lou,
| | - Zhan Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Ismail A, Tanasova M. Importance of GLUT Transporters in Disease Diagnosis and Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:8698. [PMID: 35955833 PMCID: PMC9368955 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Facilitative sugar transporters (GLUTs) are the primary method of sugar uptake in all mammalian cells. There are 14 different types of those transmembrane proteins, but they transport only a handful of substrates, mainly glucose and fructose. This overlap and redundancy contradict the natural tendency of cells to conserve energy and resources, and has led researchers to hypothesize that different GLUTs partake in more metabolic roles than just sugar transport into cells. Understanding those roles will lead to better therapeutics for a wide variety of diseases and disorders. In this review we highlight recent discoveries of the role GLUTs play in different diseases and disease treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelrahman Ismail
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton, MI 49931, USA
| | - Marina Tanasova
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton, MI 49931, USA
- Health Research Institute, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA
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