1
|
Veras JPC, França VLB, Carvalho HF, Freire VN. Noncovalent binding of carbofuran to acetylcholinesterase from Homo sapiens, Danio rerio, Apis mellifera and Caenorhabditis elegans: Homology modelling, molecular docking and dynamics, and quantum biochemistry description. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 388:110826. [PMID: 38101596 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Although various regulatory agencies have banned or severely restricted the use of carbofuran (CAR), recent reports indicate the presence of CAR residues in both cultivated and wild areas. This pesticide is a potent inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), which acts by preventing the hydrolysis of acetylcholine (ACh). Given the critical role of AChE::ACh in the proper functioning of the nervous system, we thought it appropriate to investigate the binding of CAR to AChEs from Homo sapiens, Danio rerio, Apis mellifera, and Caenorhabditis elegans using homology modelling, molecular docking, molecular dynamics, and quantum biochemistry. Molecular docking and dynamics results indicated peculiar structural behavior in each AChE::CAR system. Quantum biochemistry results showed similar affinities for all complexes, confirming the description of carbofuran as a broad-spectrum pesticide, and have a limited correlation with IC50 values. We found the following decreasing affinity order of AChE species: H. sapiens > A. mellifera > C. elegans > D. rerio. The computational results suggest that CAR occupies different pockets in the AChEs studied. In addition, our results showed that CAR binds to hsAChE and ceAChE in a very similar manner: it has high affinities for the same subsites in both species and forms hydrogen bonds with residues (hsTYR124 and ceTRP107) occupying homologous positions in the peripheral site. This suggests that this nematode is a potential model to evaluate the toxicity of carbamates, even though the sequence identity between them is only 41 %. Interestingly, we also observed that the catalytic histidines of drAChE and amAChE exhibited favorable contacts with carbofuran, suggesting that the non-covalent binding of carbofuran to these proteins may promote faster carbamylation rates than the binding modes to human and worm acetylcholinesterases. Our computational results provide a better understanding of the binding mechanisms in these complexes, as well as new insights into the mechanism of carbamylation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- João P C Veras
- Department of Physics, Federal University of Ceará, Campus of Pici, 60440-554, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Victor L B França
- Department of Physics, Federal University of Ceará, Campus of Pici, 60440-554, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, 60430-275, Brazil.
| | - Hernandes F Carvalho
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas, 13083-864, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Valder N Freire
- Department of Physics, Federal University of Ceará, Campus of Pici, 60440-554, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cocco P, Satta G, Cancedda V, Meloni F, Milia S, Pilia I, Zucca M, De Matteis S. Is a Good Sleep on Mosquito-Free Nights Worth the Risk of Lymphoma Associated with the Use of Household Insecticides? A Case-Control Study of Lymphoma Subtypes in Adults. TOXICS 2023; 11:752. [PMID: 37755762 PMCID: PMC10537294 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11090752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The evidence linking the use of household pesticides and the risk of lymphoma is scanty. METHODS We explored the hypothesis in a population-based case-control study on lymphoma conducted in Sardinia, Italy, in 1998-2004, including 325 cases and 465 population controls and data on lifetime frequency, seasonality, and years of use of household insecticides and potential confounders. We calculated the risk of lymphoma (all subtypes) and its major subtypes associated with using household insecticides in three time windows (up to 1978, from 1979-2001, and 2002 onwards) with unconditional logistic regression adjusting by age, sex, education, and occupational exposure to pesticides. RESULTS Household insecticides did not increase risk of lymphoma (all subtypes), Hodgkin's lymphoma, B-cell lymphoma, and the major B-cell lymphoma subtypes. The risk of multiple myeloma (MM) but not the other subtypes showed a non-significant upward trend (p = 0.203) with increasing quartiles of days of use in the time window when propoxur was the most popular household insecticide. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest no association between the household use of insecticides and the risk of lymphoma. Further studies are warranted to confirm or discard an association between MM risk and the use of propoxur.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pierluigi Cocco
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Health, Division of Population Studies, Healthcare Research & Primary Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Giannina Satta
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09131 Cagliari, Italy; (G.S.); (V.C.); (F.M.); (S.M.); (I.P.); (S.D.M.)
| | - Valerio Cancedda
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09131 Cagliari, Italy; (G.S.); (V.C.); (F.M.); (S.M.); (I.P.); (S.D.M.)
| | - Federico Meloni
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09131 Cagliari, Italy; (G.S.); (V.C.); (F.M.); (S.M.); (I.P.); (S.D.M.)
| | - Simone Milia
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09131 Cagliari, Italy; (G.S.); (V.C.); (F.M.); (S.M.); (I.P.); (S.D.M.)
| | - Ilaria Pilia
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09131 Cagliari, Italy; (G.S.); (V.C.); (F.M.); (S.M.); (I.P.); (S.D.M.)
| | - Mariagrazia Zucca
- Unit of Laboratory Medicine, Sulcis Local Health Unit, 09013 Carbonia, Italy;
| | - Sara De Matteis
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09131 Cagliari, Italy; (G.S.); (V.C.); (F.M.); (S.M.); (I.P.); (S.D.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Francisco LFV, da Silva RN, Oliveira MA, Dos Santos Neto MF, Gonçalves IZ, Marques MMC, Silveira HCS. Occupational Exposures and Risks of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: A Meta-Analysis. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15092600. [PMID: 37174074 PMCID: PMC10177442 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15092600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is a heterogeneous group with different types of diseases. It remains unclear as to what has led to an increase in incidences of NHL, however, chemical substance exposure is known to be one of the risk factors for the disease. Therefore, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis including case-control, cohort, and cross-sectional observational epidemiological studies to verify the association between occupational exposure to carcinogens and NHL risk. Articles between the years 2000 and 2020 were collected. Two different reviewers performed a blind selection of the studies using the Rayyan QCRI web app. Post-completion, the selected articles were extracted and analyzed via the RedCap platform. Our review resulted in 2719 articles, of which 51 were included in the meta-analysis, resulting in an overall OR of 1.27 (95% CI 1.04-1.55). Furthermore, it was observed that the main occupation associated with the increased risk of NHL was that in which workers are exposed to pesticides. We therefore conclude that the evidence synthesis of the epidemiological literature supports an increased risk for NHL, regardless of subtype, considering occupational exposure to certain chemical compounds, mainly pesticides, benzene, and trichlorethylene, and certain classes of work, primarily in the field of agriculture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rogério Nunes da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Environment and Health, University of Cuiabá, Cuiabá 78008-000, MT, Brazil
| | - Marco Antônio Oliveira
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos 14784-390, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Márcia M C Marques
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos 14784-390, SP, Brazil
| | - Henrique C S Silveira
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos 14784-390, SP, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Environment and Health, University of Cuiabá, Cuiabá 78008-000, MT, Brazil
- Campus São Paulo, University of Anhanguera, São Paulo 04119-901, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bioaccumulation of Organophosphorus (OPs) and Carbamate (CBs) Residues in Cultured Pangas Catfish (Pangasius pangasius) and Health Risk Assessment. J Toxicol 2022; 2022:4644227. [PMID: 36340810 PMCID: PMC9629955 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4644227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, the presence of organophosphorus (OPs) and carbamates (CBs) residues in the pond water and cultured Pangas catfish (Pangasius pangasius) samples collected from Comilla and Mymensingh areas were detected and assessed for their potential health risks. A total of 100 samples from each category were analysed among which 17% of the pond water samples and 9% of the fish samples were detected contaminated with OP and CB residues. The pond water and fish samples were extracted by liquid-liquid extraction (LLE), quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) extraction, and ultrasonic extraction, respectively, and analysed through gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). Among the detected OPs, Dursban (chlorpyrifos) and dichlorvos were detected, while among CB pesticides, carbofuran and sevin (Carbaryl) were detected in fish muscle samples. The detected OP and CB residual levels were below than the maximum residue limits (MRLs). The risk assessment study indicated no potential health risks. However, the level of compliance should be maintained through proper monitoring and controlling the overuse of pesticides in agricultural fields for public health safety.
Collapse
|
5
|
Poh C, McPherson JD, Tuscano J, Li Q, Parikh-Patel A, Vogel CFA, Cockburn M, Keegan T. Environmental pesticide exposure and non-Hodgkin lymphoma survival: a population-based study. BMC Med 2022; 20:165. [PMID: 35468782 PMCID: PMC9040269 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-022-02348-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is evidence indicating that pesticide exposure is a risk factor for non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) development. However, the association between pesticide exposure and NHL survival is not well-established. METHODS Using the California Cancer Registry, we identified patients with a first primary diagnosis of NHL from 2010 to 2016 and linked these patients with CalEnviroScreen 3.0 to obtain production agriculture pesticide exposure to 70 chemicals from the state-mandated Pesticide Use Reporting (PUR) by census tract from 2012 to 2014. In addition, data from PUR was integrated into a geographic information system that employs land-use data to estimate cumulative exposure to specific pesticides previously associated with NHL (glyphosate, organophosphorus, carbamate, phenoxyherbicide, and 2,4-dimethylamine salt) between 10 years prior up to 1 year after NHL diagnosis. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to evaluate the association between total pesticide exposure from CalEnviroScreen 3.0 and individual pesticide exposure from geographic land use data and lymphoma-specific and overall survival. RESULTS Among 35,808 NHL patients identified, 44.2% were exposed to pesticide in their census tract of residence. Glyphosate, organophosphorus, carbamate, phenoxyherbicide, and 2,4-dimethylamine salt exposure was observed in 34.1%, 26.0%, 10.6%, 14.0%, and 12.8% of NHL patients, respectively. Total pesticide exposure at the time of diagnosis was not associated with lymphoma-specific or overall survival. In addition, no association was consistently found between glyphosate, organophosphorus, carbamate, phenoxyherbicide, and 2,4 dimethylamine salt exposure and lymphoma-specific or overall survival. CONCLUSIONS Although we found no consistent associations between agricultural pesticide exposure at the neighborhood level and worse survival, these results provide a platform for designing future studies to determine the association between pesticide and NHL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christina Poh
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. .,Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - John D McPherson
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento, CA, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, UC Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Joseph Tuscano
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento, CA, USA.,Veterans Administration, Northern California Healthcare System, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Qian Li
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Arti Parikh-Patel
- California Cancer Reporting and Epidemiologic Surveillance Program, UC Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Christoph F A Vogel
- Department of Environmental Toxicology and the Center for Health and the Environment, UC Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Myles Cockburn
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Theresa Keegan
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Karimi H, Mahdavi S, Asgari Lajayer B, Moghiseh E, Rajput VD, Minkina T, Astatkie T. Insights on the bioremediation technologies for pesticide-contaminated soils. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2022; 44:1329-1354. [PMID: 34476637 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-021-01081-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The fast pace of increasing human population has led to enhanced crop production, due to which a significant increase in the application of pesticides has been recorded worldwide. Following the enhancement in the utilization of pesticides, the degree of environmental pollution, particularly soil pollution, has increased. To address this challenge, different methods of controlling and eliminating such contaminants have been proposed. Various methods have been reported to eradicate or reduce the degree of contamination of pesticides in the soil. Several factors are crucial for soil contamination, including pH, temperature, the number, and type/nature of soil microorganisms. Among the accessible techniques, some of them respond better to contamination removal. One of these methods is bioremediation, and it is one of the ideal solutions for pollution reduction. In this innovative technique, microorganisms are utilized to decompose environmental pollutants or to curb pollution. This paper gives detailed insight into various strategies used for the reduction and removal of soil pollution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hoda Karimi
- Environmental Science Department, Research Institute for Grapes and Raisin (RIGR), Malayer University, Malayer, Iran
| | - Shahriar Mahdavi
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Malayer University, Malayer, Iran
| | - Behnam Asgari Lajayer
- Health and Environment Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Ebrahim Moghiseh
- Nuclear Agriculture Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, Karaj, Iran
| | - Vishnu D Rajput
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Stachki 194/1, Rostov-on-Don, Russia, 344090
| | - Tatiana Minkina
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Stachki 194/1, Rostov-on-Don, Russia, 344090
| | - Tess Astatkie
- Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS, B2N 5E3, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Niu A, Lin C. Managing soils of environmental significance: A critical review. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 417:125990. [PMID: 34229372 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Globally, environmentally significant soils (ESSs) mainly include acid sulfate, heavy metal(loid)-contaminated, petroleum hydrocarbon-contaminated, pesticide-contaminated, and radionuclide-contaminated soils. These soils are interrelated and have many common characteristics from an environmental management perspective. In this review, we critically evaluate the available literature on individual ESSs, aiming to identify common problems related to environmental quality/risk assessment, remediation approaches, and environmental regulation for these soils. Based on these findings, we highlight the challenges to, and possible solutions for sustainable ESS management. Contaminated land has been rapidly expanding since the first industrial revolution from the industrialized Western countries to the emerging industrialized Asia and other parts of the world. Clean-up of contaminated lands and slowdown of their expansion require concerted international efforts to develop advanced cleaner production and cost-effective soil remediation technologies in addition to improvement of environmental legislation, regulatory enforcement, financial instruments, and stakeholder involvement to create enabling environments. Two particular areas require further action and research efforts: developing a universal system for assessing ESS quality and improving the cost-effectiveness of remediation technologies. We propose an integrated framework for deriving ESS quality indicators and make suggestions for future research directions to improve the performance of soil remediation technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anyi Niu
- School of Geography, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Chuxia Lin
- Faculty of Science, Engineering and Built Environment, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC 3125, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Cobanoglu H, Cayir A. Assessment of the genotoxic potential of tetrachlorvinphos insecticide by cytokinesis-block micronucleus and sister chromatid exchange assays. Hum Exp Toxicol 2021; 40:S158-S163. [PMID: 34334017 DOI: 10.1177/09603271211036126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Tetrachlorvinphos is an organophosphate that is classified as a carcinogen in humans by several authorities. Due to very limited data regarding the genotoxic potential, we aimed to comprehensively investigate in vitro genotoxic potential of tetrachlorvinphos. We performed our study by applying the cytokinesis-block micronucleus cytome and sister chromatid exchange (SCE) assays to human peripheral blood lymphocytes. We evaluated micronucleus (MN) and SCE frequencies and cytokinesis-block proliferation index in both exposed and non-exposed lymphocytes. We also calculated the chromosomal instability level in response to exposure by combining the results of MN and SCE. We found that MN frequency did not increase with exposure to tetrachlorvinphos (0-50 µg/ml). In contrast, we observed that SCE frequencies significantly increased with exposure to ≥5 µg/ml tetrachlorvinphos. Furthermore, exposure to tetrachlorvinphos at concentrations of 50 µg/ml induced a significant increase in chromosomal instability level (p < 0.05). Cytokinesis-block proliferation index level did not significantly decrease in response to tetrachlorvinphos exposure. Our findings reveal that tetrachlorvinphos resulted in different DNA damages that were measured by two assays. Furthermore, our findings suggested that exposure to tetrachlorvinphos increased chromosomal instability that is a hallmark of many malignancies. We conclude that although tetrachlorvinphos does not significantly increase the MN level, the significant increase of both SCE and CIN frequencies indicates the genotoxic potential of tetrachlorvinphos in human peripheral lymphocytes. Additionally, tetrachlorvinphos is not cytotoxic in the range of tested concentrations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hayal Cobanoglu
- Health Services Vocational College, 52950Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, Turkey
| | - Akin Cayir
- Health Services Vocational College, 52950Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Odutola MK, Benke G, Fritschi L, Giles GG, van Leeuwen MT, Vajdic CM. A systematic review and meta-analysis of occupational exposures and risk of follicular lymphoma. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 197:110887. [PMID: 33607095 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.110887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The etiology of follicular lymphoma (FL), a common non-Hodgkin lymphoma subtype, is largely unknown. OBJECTIVE We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies examining the relationship between occupational exposures and FL risk. METHODS We searched Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid EMBASE, and Web of Science for eligible observational studies examining job titles or occupational exposures prior to January 1, 2020. We performed a narrative synthesis and used random-effects models to generate meta-estimates of relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) for exposures reported by three or more studies. RESULTS Fifty-eight studies were eligible. Ten cohort and 37 case-control studies quantified FL risk in relation to any exposure to one or more occupational groups or agents. Eight cohort and 19 case-control studies examined dose-response relationships. We found evidence of a positive association with increasing plasma concentration of dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE; meta-RR = 1.51, 95%CI = 0.99, 2.31; I2 = 0.0%) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs; meta-RR = 1.47, 95%CI = 0.97, 2.24; I2 = 8.6%). We observed a positive association with exposure to any solvent (meta-RR = 1.16, 95%CI = 1.00, 1.34; I2 = 0.0%) and chlorinated solvents (meta-RR = 1.35, 95%CI = 1.09, 1.68; I2 = 0.0%). Single studies reported a significant positive dose-response association for exposure to any pesticide, hexachlorobenzene, any organophosphate, diazinon, metolachlor, carbaryl, lindane, trichloroethylene, oils/greases, and extremely low-frequency magnetic fields. Job title-only analyses suggested increased risk for medical doctors and spray painters, and decreased risk for bakers and teachers. Overall, studies demonstrated low risk of bias, but most studies examined small numbers of exposed cases. CONCLUSIONS Current evidence indicates a positive association between FL and occupational exposure to DDE, PCBs, any solvent and chlorinated solvents. Our findings may help guide policies and practices on the safe use of solvents and inform models of lymphomagenesis. Future studies with larger sample sizes and comprehensive quantitative exposure measures may elucidate other avoidable carcinogenic exposures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael K Odutola
- Centre for Big Data Research in Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Geza Benke
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Lin Fritschi
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Graham G Giles
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Cancer Epidemiology and Intelligence Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Marina T van Leeuwen
- Centre for Big Data Research in Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Claire M Vajdic
- Centre for Big Data Research in Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Glatfelter GC, Jones AJ, Rajnarayanan RV, Dubocovich ML. Pharmacological Actions of Carbamate Insecticides at Mammalian Melatonin Receptors. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2021; 376:306-321. [PMID: 33203660 PMCID: PMC7841424 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.120.000065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrated in silico chemical clustering and melatonin receptor molecular modeling combined with in vitro 2-[125I]-iodomelatonin competition binding were used to identify carbamate insecticides with affinity for human melatonin receptor 1 (hMT1) and human melatonin receptor 2 (hMT2). Saturation and kinetic binding studies with 2-[125I]-iodomelatonin revealed lead carbamates (carbaryl, fenobucarb, bendiocarb, carbofuran) to be orthosteric ligands with antagonist apparent efficacy at hMT1 and agonist apparent efficacy at hMT2 Furthermore, using quantitative receptor autoradiography in coronal brain slices from C3H/HeN mice, carbaryl, fenobucarb, and bendiocarb competed for 2-[125I]-iodomelatonin binding in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus (PVT), and pars tuberalis (PT) with affinities similar to those determined for the hMT1 receptor. Carbaryl (10 mg/kg i.p.) administered in vivo also competed ex vivo for 2-[125I]-iodomelatonin binding to the SCN, PVT, and PT, demonstrating the ability to reach brain melatonin receptors in C3H/HeN mice. Furthermore, the same dose of carbaryl given to C3H/HeN mice in constant dark for three consecutive days at subjective dusk (circadian time 10) phase-advanced circadian activity rhythms (mean = 0.91 hours) similar to melatonin (mean = 1.12 hours) when compared with vehicle (mean = 0.04 hours). Carbaryl-mediated phase shift of overt circadian activity rhythm onset is likely mediated via interactions with SCN melatonin receptors. Based on the pharmacological actions of carbaryl and other carbamate insecticides at melatonin receptors, exposure may modulate time-of-day information conveyed to the master biologic clock relevant to adverse health outcomes. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: In silico chemical clustering and molecular modeling in conjunction with in vitro bioassays identified several carbamate insecticides (i.e., carbaryl, carbofuran, fenobucarb, bendiocarb) as pharmacologically active orthosteric melatonin receptor 1 and 2 ligands. This work further demonstrated that carbaryl competes for melatonin receptor binding in the master biological clock (suprachiasmatic nucleus) and phase-advances overt circadian activity rhythms in C3H/HeN mice, supporting the relevance of circadian effects when interpreting toxicological findings related to carbamate insecticide exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Grant C Glatfelter
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (G.C.G., A.J.J., R.V.R., M.L.D.), Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program (A.J.J., M.L.D.), Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | - Anthony J Jones
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (G.C.G., A.J.J., R.V.R., M.L.D.), Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program (A.J.J., M.L.D.), Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | - Rajendram V Rajnarayanan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (G.C.G., A.J.J., R.V.R., M.L.D.), Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program (A.J.J., M.L.D.), Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | - Margarita L Dubocovich
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (G.C.G., A.J.J., R.V.R., M.L.D.), Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program (A.J.J., M.L.D.), Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Foucault A, Vallet N, Ravalet N, Picou F, Bene MC, Gyan E, Herault O. Occupational pesticide exposure increases risk of acute myeloid leukemia: a meta-analysis of case-control studies including 3,955 cases and 9,948 controls. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2007. [PMID: 33479366 PMCID: PMC7820275 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-81604-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The impact of pesticides on health is a major public health concern. A higher risk to develop chronic lymphoid malignancies has been demonstrated to be associated with occupational pesticide exposure (OPE). By contrast, little is known of the impact of OPE on the occurrence of myeloid malignancies especially acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The purpose of this meta-analysis is to summarize data on the association between OPE and AML. A relevant dataset of case-control studies was extracted. Among 6784 references extracted, 14 were selected, representing 3,955 AML patients and 9,948 control subjects diagnosed between 1976 and 2010. An adverse association was found between OPE and AML (OR = 1.51; 95%CI: 1.10-2.08), not affected by sensitivity analyses. Funnel plot asymmetry suggested a publication bias underestimating OR. Stratified analysis showed the association to be driven by studies with: (1) monocentric AML patients and hospital-based control population, (2) Newcastle-Ottawa scale > 6 and the group of studies identified as with the lowest risk, (3) exposure assessment through peer-to-peer interview, (4) diagnosis in North America and Asia and after 1995, (5) restriction to de novo AML. Moreover, the association between OPE and AML was significant with insecticides. These findings broaden the spectrum of pesticide toxicity to myeloid malignancies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amelie Foucault
- Department of Biological Hematology, Tours University Hospital, Tours, France
- CNRS ERL7001 LNOX, EA 7501, Tours University, Tours, France
| | - Nicolas Vallet
- Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Tours University Hospital, Tours, France
| | - Noemie Ravalet
- Department of Biological Hematology, Tours University Hospital, Tours, France
- CNRS ERL7001 LNOX, EA 7501, Tours University, Tours, France
| | - Frederic Picou
- Department of Biological Hematology, Tours University Hospital, Tours, France
- CNRS ERL7001 LNOX, EA 7501, Tours University, Tours, France
| | - Marie C Bene
- Department of Biological Hematology, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France
| | - Emmanuel Gyan
- CNRS ERL7001 LNOX, EA 7501, Tours University, Tours, France
- Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Tours University Hospital, Tours, France
| | - Olivier Herault
- Department of Biological Hematology, Tours University Hospital, Tours, France.
- CNRS ERL7001 LNOX, EA 7501, Tours University, Tours, France.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I dysfunction induced by N-methyl carbamate ex vivo can be alleviated with a cell-permeable succinate prodrug. Toxicol In Vitro 2020; 65:104794. [PMID: 32057835 PMCID: PMC7152559 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2020.104794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Human exposure to carbamates and organophosphates poses a serious threat to society and current pharmacological treatment is solely targeting the compounds' inhibitory effect on acetylcholinesterase. This toxicological pathway, responsible for acute symptom presentation, can be counteracted with currently available therapies such as atropine and oximes. However, there is still significant long-term morbidity and mortality. We propose mitochondrial dysfunction as an additional cellular mechanism of carbamate toxicity and suggest pharmacological targeting of mitochondria to overcome acute metabolic decompensation. Here, we investigated the effects on mitochondrial respiratory function of N-succinimidyl N-methylcarbamate (NSNM), a surrogate for carbamate insecticides, ex vivo in human platelets. Characterization of the mitochondrial toxicity of NSNM in platelets revealed a dose-dependent decrease in mitochondral oxygen consumption linked to respiratory chain complex I while the pathway through complex II was unaffected. In intact platelets, an increase in lactate production was seen, due to a compensatory shift towards anaerobic metabolism. Treatment with a cell-permeable succinate prodrug restored the NSNM-induced (100 μM) decrease in mitochondrial oxygen consumption and normalized lactate production to the level of control. We have demonstrated that carbamate-induced mitochondrial complex I dysfunction can be alleviated with a mitochondrial targeted countermeasure: a cell-permeable prodrug of the mitochondrial complex II substrate succinate.
Collapse
|
13
|
Leon ME, Schinasi LH, Lebailly P, Beane Freeman LE, Nordby KC, Ferro G, Monnereau A, Brouwer M, Tual S, Baldi I, Kjaerheim K, Hofmann JN, Kristensen P, Koutros S, Straif K, Kromhout H, Schüz J. Pesticide use and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoid malignancies in agricultural cohorts from France, Norway and the USA: a pooled analysis from the AGRICOH consortium. Int J Epidemiol 2019; 48:1519-1535. [PMID: 30880337 PMCID: PMC6857760 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyz017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pesticides are commonly used in agriculture, and previous studies endorsed the need to further investigate the possible association between their use and risk of lymphoid malignancies in agricultural workers. METHODS We investigated the relationship of ever use of 14 selected pesticide chemical groups and 33 individual active chemical ingredients with non-Hodgkin lymphoid malignancies (NHL) overall or major subtypes, in a pooled analysis of three large agricultural worker cohorts. Pesticide use was derived from self-reported history of crops cultivated combined with crop-exposure matrices (France and Norway) or self-reported lifetime use of active ingredients (USA). Cox regression models were used to estimate cohort-specific hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), which were combined using random effects meta-analysis to calculate meta-HRs. RESULTS During follow-up, 2430 NHL cases were diagnosed in 316 270 farmers accruing 3 574 815 person-years under risk. Most meta-HRs suggested no association. Moderately elevated meta-HRs were seen for: NHL and ever use of terbufos (meta-HR = 1.18, 95% CI: 1.00-1.39); chronic lymphocytic leukaemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma and deltamethrin (1.48, 1.06-2.07); and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and glyphosate (1.36, 1.00-1.85); as well as inverse associations of NHL with the broader groups of organochlorine insecticides (0.86, 0.74-0.99) and phenoxy herbicides (0.81, 0.67-0.98), but not with active ingredients within these groups, after adjusting for exposure to other pesticides. CONCLUSIONS Associations of pesticides with NHL appear to be subtype- and chemical-specific. Non-differential exposure misclassification was an important limitation, showing the need for refinement of exposure estimates and exposure-response analyses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria E Leon
- Section of Environment and Radiation, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Leah H Schinasi
- Section of Environment and Radiation, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Pierre Lebailly
- ANTICIPE, U1086 INSERM, Université de Caen Normandie, and Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer François Baclesse, Caen, France
| | - Laura E Beane Freeman
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Karl-Christian Nordby
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Epidemiology, National Institute of Occupational Health (STAMI), Oslo, Norway
| | - Gilles Ferro
- Section of Environment and Radiation, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Alain Monnereau
- Hematological Malignancies Registry of Gironde, Bergonie Institute, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Bordeaux, France
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM U1219 Center - EPICENE Team, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Maartje Brouwer
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Séverine Tual
- ANTICIPE, U1086 INSERM, Université de Caen Normandie, and Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer François Baclesse, Caen, France
| | - Isabelle Baldi
- CHU de Bordeaux, Service de Médecine du Travail et Pathologie Professionnelle, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Jonathan N Hofmann
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Petter Kristensen
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Epidemiology, National Institute of Occupational Health (STAMI), Oslo, Norway
| | - Stella Koutros
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kurt Straif
- Section of Evidence Synthesis and Classification, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Hans Kromhout
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Joachim Schüz
- Section of Environment and Radiation, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Piel C, Pouchieu C, Carles C, Béziat B, Boulanger M, Bureau M, Busson A, Grüber A, Lecluse Y, Migault L, Renier M, Rondeau V, Schwall X, Tual S, Pierre L, Baldi I. Agricultural exposures to carbamate herbicides and fungicides and central nervous system tumour incidence in the cohort AGRICAN. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 130:104876. [PMID: 31344646 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.05.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pesticides exposures could be implicated in the excess of Central Nervous System (CNS) tumors observed in farmers, but evidence concerning individual pesticides remains limited. Carbamate derivative pesticides, including herbicides and fungicides (i.e. (thio/dithio)-carbamates), have shown evidence of carcinogenicity in experimental studies in animals. In the French AGRICAN cohort, we assessed the associations between potential exposures to carbamate herbicides and fungicides and the incidence of CNS tumors, overall and by histological subtype. METHODS AGRICAN enrolled 181,842 participants involved in agriculture. Incident CNS tumors were identified by linkage with cancer registries from enrollment (2005-2007) until 2013. Individual exposures were assessed by combining information on lifetime periods of pesticide use on crops and the French crop-exposure matrix PESTIMAT, for each of the 14 carbamate and thiocarbamate herbicides and the 16 carbamate and dithiocarbamate fungicides registered in France since 1950. Associations were estimated using proportional hazard models with age as the underlying timescale, adjusting for gender, educational level and smoking. RESULTS During an average follow-up of 6.9 years, 381 incident cases of CNS tumors occurred, including 164 gliomas and 134 meningiomas. Analyses showed increased risks of CNS tumors with overall exposure to carbamate fungicides (Hazard Ratio, HR = 1.88; 95% CI: 1.27-2.79) and, to a lesser extent, to carbamate herbicides (HR = 1.44; 95% CI: 0.94-2.22). Positive associations were observed with specific carbamates, including some fungicides (mancozeb, maneb, metiram) and herbicides (chlorpropham, propham, diallate) already suspected of being carcinogens in humans. CONCLUSIONS Although some associations need to be corroborate in further studies and should be interpreted cautiously, these findings provide additional carcinogenicity evidence for several carbamate fungicides and herbicides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clément Piel
- EPICENE team, ISPED, U1219 INSERM, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Camille Pouchieu
- EPICENE team, ISPED, U1219 INSERM, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France; Registre des tumeurs primitives du système nerveux central de la Gironde, ISPED, Centre INSERM U1219, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Camille Carles
- EPICENE team, ISPED, U1219 INSERM, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France; CHU de Bordeaux, Service de Médecine du Travail et Pathologies Professionnelles, Bordeaux, France
| | - Béatrix Béziat
- EPICENE team, ISPED, U1219 INSERM, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Mathilde Boulanger
- INSERM, U1086 Anticipe Axe Cancers et Préventions, Caen, France; Université de Caen Normandie, Caen, France; Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer François Baclesse, Caen, France
| | - Mathilde Bureau
- EPICENE team, ISPED, U1219 INSERM, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Amandine Busson
- INSERM, U1086 Anticipe Axe Cancers et Préventions, Caen, France; Université de Caen Normandie, Caen, France; Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer François Baclesse, Caen, France
| | - Anne Grüber
- EPICENE team, ISPED, U1219 INSERM, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France; Registre des tumeurs primitives du système nerveux central de la Gironde, ISPED, Centre INSERM U1219, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Yannick Lecluse
- INSERM, U1086 Anticipe Axe Cancers et Préventions, Caen, France; Université de Caen Normandie, Caen, France; Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer François Baclesse, Caen, France
| | - Lucile Migault
- EPICENE team, ISPED, U1219 INSERM, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Marine Renier
- INSERM, U1086 Anticipe Axe Cancers et Préventions, Caen, France; Université de Caen Normandie, Caen, France; Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer François Baclesse, Caen, France
| | - Virginie Rondeau
- EPICENE team, ISPED, U1219 INSERM, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Xavier Schwall
- EPICENE team, ISPED, U1219 INSERM, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Séverine Tual
- INSERM, U1086 Anticipe Axe Cancers et Préventions, Caen, France; Université de Caen Normandie, Caen, France; Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer François Baclesse, Caen, France
| | - Lebailly Pierre
- INSERM, U1086 Anticipe Axe Cancers et Préventions, Caen, France; Université de Caen Normandie, Caen, France; Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer François Baclesse, Caen, France
| | - Isabelle Baldi
- EPICENE team, ISPED, U1219 INSERM, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France; Registre des tumeurs primitives du système nerveux central de la Gironde, ISPED, Centre INSERM U1219, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France; CHU de Bordeaux, Service de Médecine du Travail et Pathologies Professionnelles, Bordeaux, France.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Koutros S, Harris SA, Spinelli JJ, Blair A, McLaughlin JR, Zahm SH, Kim S, Albert PS, Kachuri L, Pahwa M, Cantor KP, Weisenburger DD, Pahwa P, Pardo LA, Dosman JA, Demers PA, Beane Freeman LE. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma risk and organophosphate and carbamate insecticide use in the north American pooled project. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 127:199-205. [PMID: 30928843 PMCID: PMC6513687 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Organophosphates and carbamates have been among the most commonly used insecticides, with both agricultural and residential uses. Previous studies have suggested associations of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) with some of these chemicals; however, many studies have been limited in their ability to evaluate associations with lymphoma subtypes. We evaluated the use of eleven organophosphate and two carbamate insecticides in association with NHL in the North American Pooled Project, which includes data from case-control studies in the United States and Canada (1690 cases/5131 controls). We used unconditional logistic regression adjusting for potential confounders, including use of other pesticides, to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for associations between these chemicals and NHL overall, and NHL subtypes, i.e., follicular (FL), diffuse large B-cell (DLBCL), small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) and others. Ever use of malathion was associated with increased risk of NHL overall (OR = 1.43; 95% CI: 1.14-1.81) compared with never users. Categories using tertiles of duration (<4 yrs., 4-12 yrs., and >12 yrs) also showed a significant exposure-response for increasing years of use of malathion and risk of NHL (OR<4vsUnex = 1.33 (0.88, 2.03), OR4-12vsUnex = 1.42 (1.02, 1.96), OR>12vsUnex = 1.55 (1.05, 2.28, p-trend < 0.01)). In addition, malathion use was statistically significantly associated with FL (OR = 1.58; 95% CI: 1.11-2.27) and DLBCL (OR = 1.61; 95% CI: 1.16-2.22) while there were no apparent associations with SLL or other subtypes, the p-value for heterogeneity across subtypes, however, was not significant. These results support previous studies suggesting an association between insecticide use and NHL overall, and provide new information on associations with NHL subtypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stella Koutros
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Shelley A Harris
- Occupational Cancer Research Centre, Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, Canada; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Prevention and Cancer Control, Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, Canada
| | - John J Spinelli
- Population Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver, Canada; School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Aaron Blair
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - John R McLaughlin
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Sungduk Kim
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Paul S Albert
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Linda Kachuri
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Manisha Pahwa
- Occupational Cancer Research Centre, Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, Canada
| | - Kenneth P Cantor
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Punam Pahwa
- Canadian Centre for Health and Safety in Agriculture, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada; Community Health and Epidemiology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Larissa A Pardo
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - James A Dosman
- Canadian Centre for Health and Safety in Agriculture, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Paul A Demers
- Occupational Cancer Research Centre, Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, Canada; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Laura E Beane Freeman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Piel C, Pouchieu C, Migault L, Béziat B, Boulanger M, Bureau M, Carles C, Grüber A, Lecluse Y, Rondeau V, Schwall X, Tual S, Lebailly P, Baldi I, Arveux P, Bara S, Bouvier AM, Busquet T, Colonna M, Coureau G, Delanoé M, Grosclaude P, Guizard AV, Herbrecht P, Laplante JJ, Lapotre-Ledoux B, Launoy G, Lenoir D, Marrer E, Marcotullio E, Maynadié M, Molinié F, Monnereau A, Paumier A, Pouzet P, Thibaudier JM, Troussard X, Velten M, Wavelet E, Woronoff AS. Increased risk of central nervous system tumours with carbamate insecticide use in the prospective cohort AGRICAN. Int J Epidemiol 2018; 48:512-526. [DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyy246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Camille Pouchieu
- EPICENE Team
- Registre des tumeurs primitives du système nerveux central de la Gironde, Inserm U1219, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | | | | | - Mathilde Boulanger
- Inserm U1086, Anticipe Axe Cancers et Préventions, Caen, France
- Université de Caen-Normandie, Caen, France
- Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer François Baclesse, Caen, France
| | | | - Camille Carles
- EPICENE Team
- CHU de Bordeaux, Service de Médecine du Travail et Pathologies Professionnelles, Bordeaux, France
| | - Anne Grüber
- EPICENE Team
- Registre des tumeurs primitives du système nerveux central de la Gironde, Inserm U1219, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Yannick Lecluse
- Inserm U1086, Anticipe Axe Cancers et Préventions, Caen, France
- Université de Caen-Normandie, Caen, France
- Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer François Baclesse, Caen, France
| | | | | | - Séverine Tual
- Inserm U1086, Anticipe Axe Cancers et Préventions, Caen, France
- Université de Caen-Normandie, Caen, France
- Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer François Baclesse, Caen, France
| | - Pierre Lebailly
- Inserm U1086, Anticipe Axe Cancers et Préventions, Caen, France
- Université de Caen-Normandie, Caen, France
- Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer François Baclesse, Caen, France
| | - Isabelle Baldi
- EPICENE Team
- Registre des tumeurs primitives du système nerveux central de la Gironde, Inserm U1219, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- CHU de Bordeaux, Service de Médecine du Travail et Pathologies Professionnelles, Bordeaux, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Mandal S, Pathak MP, Sharma Bora N, Patowary P, Barman PK, Kishor S, Goyary D, Verma N, Chattopadhyay P. Determination of LCt 50 of aerosolized paraquat and its pulmonary toxic implications in non-anesthetized rats. Drug Chem Toxicol 2018; 42:552-558. [PMID: 30081682 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2018.1488857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Paraquat (PQ), a highly popular agricultural herbicide, is a serious occupational hazard with lethality reported at doses as low as 35 mg/kg body weight with intoxication occurring via inhalation or dermal route. The main objective of this study was to determine the median lethal concentration (LCt50) of paraquat through whole body exposure in adult male Wistar rats. Aerosolized PQ dissolved in water was delivered in a dose-dependent manner, to fully conscious rats confined in whole body plethysmograph (WBP), in a nebulized form with concentrations ranging from 40-200 mg/kg of air over a 4 h exposure period. Animals were observed up to 24-48 h post-exposure to observe any lethality. LCt50 estimates (±95% confidence interval) were obtained from the sequential stage-wise experiments using probit analysis. Rat lungs were examined radiologically and histopathologically. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis determined the correlation of PQ accumulation in the lungs with the actual exposed dose of PQ. The actual LCt50 was found to be 218 g·min/m3 whereas 57.9 ± 2.90 µg/g of PQ accumulated in the lungs of each lifeless animal. All animals exhibited severe respiratory changes and pulmonary abnormalities. This study demonstrated that when compared with the actually exposed dose, the amount of PQ that accumulated in the lungs was very low, but enough to cause death in 50% of animal population and cause pulmonary abnormalities in each of the experimental animal. The PQ exposure carried out in WBP also facilitated the dermal absorption of aerosolized PQ, which replicated the real-life situation in workers operating with PQ.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Santa Mandal
- a Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Defence Research Laboratory , Tezpur , Assam , India.,b School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , IFTM University , Moradabad , Uttar Pradesh , India
| | - Manash Pratim Pathak
- a Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Defence Research Laboratory , Tezpur , Assam , India.,c Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Dibrugarh University , Dibrugarh , Assam , India
| | - Nilutpal Sharma Bora
- a Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Defence Research Laboratory , Tezpur , Assam , India.,c Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Dibrugarh University , Dibrugarh , Assam , India
| | - Pompy Patowary
- a Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Defence Research Laboratory , Tezpur , Assam , India.,c Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Dibrugarh University , Dibrugarh , Assam , India
| | | | - Sumit Kishor
- a Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Defence Research Laboratory , Tezpur , Assam , India
| | - Danswrang Goyary
- a Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Defence Research Laboratory , Tezpur , Assam , India
| | - Navneet Verma
- b School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , IFTM University , Moradabad , Uttar Pradesh , India
| | - Pronobesh Chattopadhyay
- a Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Defence Research Laboratory , Tezpur , Assam , India
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Rehman T, Khan MM, Shad MA, Hussain M, Oyler BL, Goo YA, Goodlett DR. Detection of Carbofuran-Protein Adducts in Serum of Occupationally Exposed Pesticide Factory Workers in Pakistan. Chem Res Toxicol 2016; 29:1720-1728. [PMID: 27657490 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.6b00222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the protein adducts with pesticides in a cohort of 172 factory workers that were exposed to a mixture of pesticides. The 35 samples showing considerable variation in biochemical parameters, i.e., butyrylcholinestrase (BChE), serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP/ALKP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine phosphokinase (CPK) enzymes, and controls were analyzed by reversed-phase nanoscale liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (nLC-MS/MS) on an Orbitrap mass spectrometer employing a shotgun proteomics approach. Only protein adducts with carbofuran were found on serum proteins of these workers. These adducts were of carbofuran labeled lysine (Lys-142, Lys-183, Lys-287, and Lys-467), arginine (Arg-210, Arg-242, and Arg-256) from serum albumin, and serine (Ser-07, Ser-54, and Ser-150) from immunoglobulin proteins. The arginine residues (Arg-210, Arg-242, Arg-246, and Arg-434) from albumin were also found to be glycated in serum of workers showing a high level of glucose who also had glycated arginine (Arg-1120) modified with carbofuran in their tankyrase-1-binding protein. The number of tandem mass spectra of modified peptides increased with increasing time of exposure. This is the first report to demonstrate the presence of carbofuran-labeled albumin, immunoglobulin, and glycated arginine, which shows that lysine and arginine of human albumin and serine of immunoglobulin are covalently modified in the serum of workers that were occupationally exposed to carbofuran, and the modification is detectable by tandem mass spectrometry. These peptides modified with carbofuran can potentially be used as a biomarker of carbofuran exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tanzila Rehman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy , Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Mohd M Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy , Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | | | | | - Benjamin L Oyler
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy , Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Young Ah Goo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy , Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - David R Goodlett
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy , Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Nicolopoulou-Stamati P, Maipas S, Kotampasi C, Stamatis P, Hens L. Chemical Pesticides and Human Health: The Urgent Need for a New Concept in Agriculture. Front Public Health 2016; 4:148. [PMID: 27486573 PMCID: PMC4947579 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2016.00148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 528] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The industrialization of the agricultural sector has increased the chemical burden on natural ecosystems. Pesticides are agrochemicals used in agricultural lands, public health programs, and urban green areas in order to protect plants and humans from various diseases. However, due to their known ability to cause a large number of negative health and environmental effects, their side effects can be an important environmental health risk factor. The urgent need for a more sustainable and ecological approach has produced many innovative ideas, among them agriculture reforms and food production implementing sustainable practice evolving to food sovereignty. It is more obvious than ever that the society needs the implementation of a new agricultural concept regarding food production, which is safer for man and the environment, and to this end, steps such as the declaration of Nyéléni have been taken.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sotirios Maipas
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Athens , Greece
| | - Chrysanthi Kotampasi
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Athens , Greece
| | - Panagiotis Stamatis
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Athens , Greece
| | - Luc Hens
- Vlaamse Instelling voor Technologisch Onderzoek (VITO) , Mol , Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Rieutort D, Moyne O, Cocco P, de Gaudemaris R, Bicout DJ. Ranking occupational contexts associated with risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Am J Ind Med 2016; 59:561-74. [PMID: 27214653 DOI: 10.1002/ajim.22604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Risk factors associated with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) remain unknown, but certain occupational contexts (OCs) have been implicated. The objective of this study was to inventory, from the accumulated knowledge, associations between OCs and NHL risk. METHODS Literature was used to identify the NHL-associated OCs. For each context, items were ranked both by scientific interest and the association strength. RESULTS Three ranked lists of OCs related to NHL were constructed. We found that NHL was associated with 31 occupational activities, 91 occupational exposures, and 35 occupational activity-exposure combinations. Among them, 5 activities, 2 exposures, and 3 combinations, involving agricultural or industrial sector and solvents or pesticides, were highlighted with the highest publications number and the strongest association with NHL risk. CONCLUSION These results could be useful in both providing a ranked inventory of OCs associated with NHL risk and highlighting "hot" occupational activities and exposures. Am. J. Ind. Med. 59:561-574, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Rieutort
- UJF-Grenoble 1/CNRS/TIMC-IMAG UMR 5525 (EPSP Team-Environment and Health Prediction of Populations); Grenoble France
| | - Oriane Moyne
- UJF-Grenoble 1/CNRS/TIMC-IMAG UMR 5525 (EPSP Team-Environment and Health Prediction of Populations); Grenoble France
| | - Pierluigi Cocco
- Department of Public Health, Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Occupational Health Section; University of Cagliari; Cagliari Italy
| | - Régis de Gaudemaris
- UJF-Grenoble 1/CNRS/TIMC-IMAG UMR 5525 (EPSP Team-Environment and Health Prediction of Populations); Grenoble France
- Occupational and Environmental Diseases Centre; Grenoble Teaching Hospital (CHU Grenoble); Grenoble France
| | - Dominique J. Bicout
- UJF-Grenoble 1/CNRS/TIMC-IMAG UMR 5525 (EPSP Team-Environment and Health Prediction of Populations); Grenoble France
- Biomathematics and Epidemiology EPSP-TIMC, VetAgro Sup; Veterinary Campus of Lyon; Marcy l'Etoile France
- Laue-Langevin Institute; Theory Group; Grenoble Cedex 9 France
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Nicolopoulou-Stamati P, Maipas S, Kotampasi C, Stamatis P, Hens L. Chemical Pesticides and Human Health: The Urgent Need for a New Concept in Agriculture. Front Public Health 2016. [PMID: 27486573 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2016.00148/bibtex] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The industrialization of the agricultural sector has increased the chemical burden on natural ecosystems. Pesticides are agrochemicals used in agricultural lands, public health programs, and urban green areas in order to protect plants and humans from various diseases. However, due to their known ability to cause a large number of negative health and environmental effects, their side effects can be an important environmental health risk factor. The urgent need for a more sustainable and ecological approach has produced many innovative ideas, among them agriculture reforms and food production implementing sustainable practice evolving to food sovereignty. It is more obvious than ever that the society needs the implementation of a new agricultural concept regarding food production, which is safer for man and the environment, and to this end, steps such as the declaration of Nyéléni have been taken.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sotirios Maipas
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Athens , Greece
| | - Chrysanthi Kotampasi
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Athens , Greece
| | - Panagiotis Stamatis
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Athens , Greece
| | - Luc Hens
- Vlaamse Instelling voor Technologisch Onderzoek (VITO) , Mol , Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Schinasi LH, De Roos AJ, Ray RM, Edlefsen KL, Parks CG, Howard BV, Meliker JR, Bonner MR, Wallace RB, LaCroix AZ. Insecticide exposure and farm history in relation to risk of lymphomas and leukemias in the Women's Health Initiative observational study cohort. Ann Epidemiol 2015; 25:803-10. [PMID: 26365305 PMCID: PMC5435453 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2015.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Revised: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Relationships of farm history and insecticide exposure at home or work with lymphohematopoietic (LH) neoplasm risk were investigated in a large prospective cohort of US women. METHODS In questionnaires, women self-reported history living or working on a farm, personally mixing or applying insecticides, insecticide application in the home or workplace by a commercial service, and treating pets with insecticides. Relationships with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), follicular lymphoma, plasma cell neoplasms, and myeloid leukemia were investigated using Cox proportional hazard models. Age and farming history were explored as effect modifiers. RESULTS The analysis included 76,493 women and 822 NHL cases. Women who ever lived or worked on a farm had 1.12 times the risk of NHL (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.95-1.32) compared to those who did not. Women who reported that a commercial service ever applied insecticides in their immediate surroundings had 65% higher risk of CLL/SLL (95% CI = 1.15-2.38). Women aged less than 65 years who ever applied insecticides had 87% higher risk of DLBCL (95% CI = 1.13-3.09). CONCLUSIONS Insecticide exposures may contribute to risk of CLL/SLL and DLBCL. Future studies should examine relationships of LH subtypes with specific types of household insecticides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leah H Schinasi
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA.
| | - Anneclaire J De Roos
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Roberta M Ray
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | | | - Christine G Parks
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Research Triangle Park, NC
| | - Barbara V Howard
- Department of Field Studies, MedStar Research Institute, Hyattsville, MD; Georgetown-Howard Universities Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Washington, DC
| | - Jaymie R Meliker
- Department of Preventative Medicine and Graduate Program in Public Health, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY
| | - Matthew R Bonner
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo
| | - Robert B Wallace
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa College of Public Health, Iowa City
| | - Andrea Z LaCroix
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Division of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Tago D, Andersson H, Treich N. Pesticides and Health: A Review of Evidence on Health Effects, Valuation of Risks, and Benefit-Cost Analysis. PREFERENCE MEASUREMENT IN HEALTH 2014. [DOI: 10.1108/s0731-219920140000024006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
24
|
Boudjerra N, Perry AM, Audouin J, Diebold J, Nathwani BN, MacLennan KA, Müller-Hermelink HK, Bast M, Boilesen E, Armitage JO, Weisenburger DD. Classification of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in Algeria according to the World Health Organization classification. Leuk Lymphoma 2014; 56:965-70. [DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2014.939967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
|
25
|
RafiqKhan M, Tharangad Krishnan G, Keezhekalam R, Natarajan Suresh S, Pongiya U, Rama Rao Y. Micronucleus assessment as a biomarker and susceptibility to DNA damage in workers occupationally exposed to pesticides. BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH AND THERAPY 2014. [DOI: 10.7603/s40730-014-0013-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
26
|
Timoroğlu İ, Yüzbaşıoğlu D, Ünal F, Yılmaz S, Aksoy H, Çelik M. Assessment of the genotoxic effects of organophosphorus insecticides phorate and trichlorfon in human lymphocytes. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2014; 29:577-587. [PMID: 22610949 DOI: 10.1002/tox.21783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2012] [Revised: 03/21/2012] [Accepted: 03/31/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In vitro genotoxic effects of organophosphorus insecticides Phorate (PHR) and Trichlorfon (TCF) were investigated using four genotoxicity endpoints. Different concentration ranges between 0.25-2.00 μg mL(-1) of PHR and 2.34-37.50 μg mL(-1) of TCF were applied to lymphocytes. PHR and TCF significantly increased the frequency of chromosomal aberrations (except 2.34 μg mL(-1) for TCF) and sister chromatid exchanges at all treatment times and concentrations. Most of the used concentrations induced a significant increase in the frequency of micronuclei. Furthermore, PHR and TCF significantly decreased the mitotic index at the higher concentrations after 24- and 48-h treatments. In the comet assay, PHR and TCF significantly increased the comet tail at all concentrations. However, the comet tail intensity was significantly increased at only the highest concentration of PHR and at all concentrations of TCF. According to these results, PHR and TCF possess clastogenic, mutagenic, and DNA damaging effects in human lymphocytes in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- İlknur Timoroğlu
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Genetic Toxicology Laboratory, Gazi University, 06500 Teknikokullar, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Schinasi L, Leon ME. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma and occupational exposure to agricultural pesticide chemical groups and active ingredients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2014; 11:4449-527. [PMID: 24762670 PMCID: PMC4025008 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph110404449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Revised: 03/31/2014] [Accepted: 04/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes results from a systematic review and a series of meta-analyses of nearly three decades worth of epidemiologic research on the relationship between non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and occupational exposure to agricultural pesticide active ingredients and chemical groups. Estimates of associations of NHL with 21 pesticide chemical groups and 80 active ingredients were extracted from 44 papers, all of which reported results from analyses of studies conducted in high-income countries. Random effects meta-analyses showed that phenoxy herbicides, carbamate insecticides, organophosphorus insecticides and the active ingredient lindane, an organochlorine insecticide, were positively associated with NHL. In a handful of papers, associations between pesticides and NHL subtypes were reported; B cell lymphoma was positively associated with phenoxy herbicides and the organophosphorus herbicide glyphosate. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma was positively associated with phenoxy herbicide exposure. Despite compelling evidence that NHL is associated with certain chemicals, this review indicates the need for investigations of a larger variety of pesticides in more geographic areas, especially in low- and middle-income countries, which, despite producing a large portion of the world's agriculture, were missing in the literature that were reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leah Schinasi
- Section of Environment and Radiation, International Agency for Research on Cancer 150, Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France.
| | - Maria E Leon
- Section of Environment and Radiation, International Agency for Research on Cancer 150, Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Kelly RS, Lundh T, Porta M, Bergdahl IA, Palli D, Johansson AS, Botsivali M, Vineis P, Vermeulen R, Kyrtopoulos SA, Chadeau-Hyam M. Blood erythrocyte concentrations of cadmium and lead and the risk of B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and multiple myeloma: a nested case-control study. PLoS One 2013; 8:e81892. [PMID: 24312375 PMCID: PMC3842971 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0081892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2013] [Accepted: 10/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) are hypothesised to be risk factors for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), a group of haematological malignancies with a suspected environmental aetiology. Within the EnviroGenoMarkers study we utilised pre-diagnostic erythrocyte concentrations of Cd and Pb to determine whether exposure was associated with risk of B-cell NHL and multiple myeloma. METHODS 194 incident cases of B-cell NHL and 76 cases of multiple myeloma diagnosed between 1990 and 2006 were identified from two existing cohorts; EPIC-Italy and the Northern Sweden Health and Disease Study. Cases were matched to healthy controls by centre, age, gender and date of blood collection. Cd and Pb were measured in blood samples provided at recruitment using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Logistic regression was applied to assess the association with risk. Analyses were stratified by cohort and gender and by subtype where possible. RESULTS There was little evidence of an increased risk of B-cell NHL or multiple myeloma with exposure to Cd (B-cell NHL: OR 1.09 95%CI 0.61, 1.93, MM: OR 1.16 95% CI: 0.40, 3.40 ) or Pb (B-cell NHL: 0.93 95% CI 0.43, 2.02, multiple myeloma: OR 1.63 95%CI 0.45, 5.94) in the total population when comparing the highest to the lowest quartile of exposure. However, gender and cohort specific differences in results were observed. In females the risk of B-cell NHL was more than doubled in those with a body burden of Cd >1 µg/L (OR 2.20 95%CI; 1.04, 4.65). CONCLUSIONS This nested case-control study does not support a consistent positive association between Cd or Pb and NHL, but there is some indication of a gender specific effect suggesting further research is warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel S. Kelly
- Medical Research Council-Health Protection Agency Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Lundh
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Miquel Porta
- Hospital del Mar Research Institute - IMIM, CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP) and Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Ingvar A. Bergdahl
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Domenico Palli
- Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Prevention and Research Institute (ISPO), Florence, Italy
| | | | - Maria Botsivali
- National Hellenic Research Foundation, Institute of Biology, Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Biotechnology, Athens, Greece
| | - Paolo Vineis
- Medical Research Council-Health Protection Agency Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- HuGeF Foundation, Turin, Italy
| | - Roel Vermeulen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Division of Environmental Epidemiology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Soterios A. Kyrtopoulos
- National Hellenic Research Foundation, Institute of Biology, Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Biotechnology, Athens, Greece
| | - Marc Chadeau-Hyam
- Medical Research Council-Health Protection Agency Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Sugeng AJ, Beamer PI, Lutz EA, Rosales CB. Hazard-ranking of agricultural pesticides for chronic health effects in Yuma County, Arizona. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2013; 463-464:35-41. [PMID: 23783270 PMCID: PMC3769516 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.05.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2013] [Revised: 05/19/2013] [Accepted: 05/19/2013] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
With thousands of pesticides registered by the United States Environmental Protection Agency, it not feasible to sample for all pesticides applied in agricultural communities. Hazard-ranking pesticides based on use, toxicity, and exposure potential can help prioritize community-specific pesticide hazards. This study applied hazard-ranking schemes for cancer, endocrine disruption, and reproductive/developmental toxicity in Yuma County, Arizona. An existing cancer hazard-ranking scheme was modified, and novel schemes for endocrine disruption and reproductive/developmental toxicity were developed to rank pesticide hazards. The hazard-ranking schemes accounted for pesticide use, toxicity, and exposure potential based on chemical properties of each pesticide. Pesticides were ranked as hazards with respect to each health effect, as well as overall chronic health effects. The highest hazard-ranked pesticides for overall chronic health effects were maneb, metam-sodium, trifluralin, pronamide, and bifenthrin. The relative pesticide rankings were unique for each health effect. The highest hazard-ranked pesticides differed from those most heavily applied, as well as from those previously detected in Yuma homes over a decade ago. The most hazardous pesticides for cancer in Yuma County, Arizona were also different from a previous hazard-ranking applied in California. Hazard-ranking schemes that take into account pesticide use, toxicity, and exposure potential can help prioritize pesticides of greatest health risk in agricultural communities. This study is the first to provide pesticide hazard-rankings for endocrine disruption and reproductive/developmental toxicity based on use, toxicity, and exposure potential. These hazard-ranking schemes can be applied to other agricultural communities for prioritizing community-specific pesticide hazards to target decreasing health risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia J Sugeng
- Community, Environment and Policy, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, 1656 East Mabel Street Tucson, AZ 85724, United States.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Kvitko K, Bandinelli E, Henriques JAP, Heuser VD, Rohr P, da Silva FR, Schneider NB, Fernandes S, Ancines C, da Silva J. Susceptibility to DNA damage in workers occupationally exposed to pesticides, to tannery chemicals and to coal dust during mining. Genet Mol Biol 2012; 35:1060-8. [PMID: 23413045 PMCID: PMC3571421 DOI: 10.1590/s1415-47572012000600022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Our mutagenesis group has been studying with important economic drivers of our state, such as agriculture, the foot-wear and leather industry and open-cast coal mining. Working conditions in these sectors have potentially harmful to humans. The aim of these studies is to determine the health risk of workers by biomonitoring subjects exposed to genotoxic agents. The main results of our studies with vineyard farmers we observed a high rate of MN and DNA damage in individuals exposed to pesticides (p < 0.001). In addition, some effects of genetic polymorphisms in the modulation of MN results were observed in this group. Tobacco farmers were also evaluated at different crop times. The results showed a significant increase in the Damage index and frequency in tobacco farmers compared to the non-exposed group, for all crop times. The results for footwear and tannery workers showed a significant increase in the mean ID for the solvent-based adhesive (p < 0.001) group in comparison to the water-based adhesive group and control (p < 0.05). For open-cast coal mine workers, the EBCyt indicated a significant increase in nuclear bud frequency and cytokinetic defects in the exposed group compared to the non-exposed group (p < 0.0001). We were able to associate specific genetic susceptibility with each type of exposure and with the non-use or improper use of personal protection equipment and diet adequacy. These results show how important the continuous education of exposed workers is to minimizing the effect of the occupational exposure and the risk of disease associated with the work.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katia Kvitko
- Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Classification of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in Central and South America: a review of 1028 cases. Blood 2012; 120:4795-801. [DOI: 10.1182/blood-2012-07-440073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The distribution of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) subtypes differs around the world but a systematic study of Latin America has not been done. Therefore, we evaluated the relative frequencies of NHL subtypes in Central and South America (CSA). Five expert hematopathologists classified consecutive cases of NHL from 5 CSA countries using the WHO classification and compared them to 400 cases from North America (NA). Among the 1028 CSA cases, the proportions of B- and T-cell NHL and the sex distribution were similar to NA. However, the median age of B-cell NHL in CSA (59 years) was significantly lower than in NA (66 years; P < .0001). The distribution of high-grade (52.9%) and low-grade (47.1%) mature B-cell NHL in CSA was also significantly different from NA (37.5% and 62.5%; P < .0001). Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma was more common in CSA (40%) than in NA (29.2%; P < .0001), whereas the frequency of follicular lymphoma was similar in Argentina (34.1%) and NA (33.8%), and higher than the rest of CSA (17%; P < .001). Extranodal NK/T-cell NHL was also more common in CSA (P < .0001). Our study provides new objective evidence that the distribution of NHL subtypes varies significantly by geographic region and should prompt epidemiologic studies to explain these differences.
Collapse
|
32
|
Kaur R, Kaur S, Lata M. Evaluation of DNA damage in agricultural workers exposed to pesticides using single cell gel electrophoresis (comet) assay. INDIAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS 2012; 17:179-87. [PMID: 22345990 PMCID: PMC3276987 DOI: 10.4103/0971-6866.92100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Pesticides are used in agriculture to protect crops, but they pose a potential risk to farmers and environment. The aim of the present study is to investigate the relation between the occupational exposure to various pesticides and the presence of DNA damage. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Blood samples of 210 exposed workers (after a day of intense spraying) and 50 control subjects belonging to various districts of Punjab (India) were evaluated using Comet assay. Sixty workers who showed DNA damage were selected for follow up at 5-6 months after the first sampling during a low or null spraying period. RESULTS: Significant differences were found in DNA damage between freshly exposed workers and controls and freshly exposed and followed up cases. There was significant increase in the comet parameters viz. mean comet tail length and frequency of cells showing migration in exposed workers as compared to controls (72.22 ± 20.76 vs. 46.92 ± 8.17, P<0.001; 31.79 vs. 5.77, P<0.001). In the second samples, followed up cases showed significant decrease in frequency of damaged cells as compared to freshly exposed workers of first sampling (P<0.05). The confounding factors such as variable duration of pesticide exposure, age, smoking, drinking and dietary habits etc which were expected to modulate the damage, were instead found to have no significant effect on DNA fragmentation. CONCLUSION: The evidence of a genetic hazard related to exposure resulting from the intensive use of pesticides stresses the need for educational programs for agricultural workers to reduce the use of chemicals in agriculture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raminderjeet Kaur
- Department of Human Biology, Punjabi University, Patiala-147 002, Punjab, India
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Current understanding of lifestyle and environmental factors and risk of non-hodgkin lymphoma: an epidemiological update. J Cancer Epidemiol 2012; 2012:978930. [PMID: 23008714 PMCID: PMC3447374 DOI: 10.1155/2012/978930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2012] [Revised: 07/20/2012] [Accepted: 08/04/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence rates of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) have steadily increased over the last several decades in the United States, and the temporal trends in incidence can only be partially explained by the HIV epidemic. In 1992, an international workshop sponsored by the United States National Cancer Institute concluded that there was an “emerging epidemic” of NHL and emphasized the need to investigate the factors responsible for the increasing incidence of this disease. Over the past two decades, numerous epidemiological studies have examined the risk factors for NHL, particularly for putative environmental and lifestyle risk factors, and international consortia have been established in order to investigate rare exposures and NHL subtype-specific associations. While few consistent risk factors for NHL aside from immunosuppression and certain infectious agents have emerged, suggestive associations with several lifestyle and environmental factors have been reported in epidemiologic studies. Further, increasing evidence has suggested that the effects of these and other exposures may be limited to or stronger for particular NHL subtypes. This paper examines the progress that has been made over the last twenty years in elucidating the etiology of NHL, with a primary emphasis on lifestyle factors and environmental exposures.
Collapse
|
34
|
Senthilkumar CS, Sah NK, Ganesh N. Methyl Isocyanate and Carcinogenesis: Bridgeable Gaps in Scientific Knowledge. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2012; 13:2429-35. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2012.13.6.2429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
|
35
|
Mladinic M, Zeljezic D, Shaposhnikov SA, Collins AR. The use of FISH-comet to detect c-Myc and TP 53 damage in extended-term lymphocyte cultures treated with terbuthylazine and carbofuran. Toxicol Lett 2012; 211:62-9. [PMID: 22445671 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2012.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2011] [Revised: 02/07/2012] [Accepted: 03/06/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Terbuthylazine and carbofuran are suspected to cause non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and lung cancer. We evaluated the effects of prolonged exposure to low concentrations on primary DNA damage by comet assay, and on the structural integrity of c-Myc and TP 53 genes by FISH-comet. Another novelty in studying these pesticides' genotoxicity is the use of 14-day extended-term human lymphocyte cultures. Concentrations corresponded to values of ADI and OEL: for terbuthylazine 0.58 ng/ml and 8 ng/ml; for carbofuran 8 ng/ml and 21.6 ng/ml, respectively. A possible effect of metabolic activation (S9) was also considered. Carbofuran treatment induced a significant migration of DNA into the tail in a concentration-dependent manner, while for terbuthylazine the effect was significant only at the higher concentration. Terbuthylazine caused migration of both c-Myc signals into the comet tail. A significant occurrence of TP 53 signals in the tail was observed at 8 ng/ml. Prolonged carbofuran treatment significantly elevated the migration of a single c-Myc signal into the tail in a concentration-dependent manner. With S9, distribution of signals shifted toward increased presence of both signals in tail. Our results showed impaired structural integrity of c-Myc and TP 53 due to prolonged exposure to terbuthylazine and carbofuran.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marin Mladinic
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska Cesta 2, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Weichenthal S, Moase C, Chan P. A review of pesticide exposure and cancer incidence in the agricultural health study cohort. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2012; 17:255-70. [DOI: 10.1590/s1413-81232012000100028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2009] [Accepted: 05/05/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We reviewed epidemiologic evidence related to occupational pesticide exposures and cancer incidence in the Agricultural Health Study (AHS) cohort. Studies were identified from the AHS publication list available on a Medline/PubMed database search in March 2009. Findings related to lifetime-days and/or intensity-weighted lifetime-days of pesticide use are the primary focus of this review, because these measures allow for the evaluation of potential exposureresponse relationships. Most of the 32 pesticides examined were not strongly associated with cancer incidence in pesticide applicators. Increased rate ratios and positive exposureresponse patterns were reported for 12 pesticides currently registered in Canada and/or the United States. Exposure misclassification is also a concern in the AHS and may limit the analysis of exposureresponse patterns. Epidemiologic evidence outside the AHS remains limited with respect to most of the observed associations, but animal toxicity data support the biological plausibility of relationships observed six pesticides. Continued follow-up is needed to clarify associations reported to date. In particular, further evaluation of registered pesticides is warranted.
Collapse
|
37
|
An EM, Shin HS. Gas chromatographic determination of pesticide residues using electron-capture detector and mass spectrometry. Food Sci Biotechnol 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10068-011-0179-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
|
38
|
Weichenthal S, Moase C, Chan P. A review of pesticide exposure and cancer incidence in the Agricultural Health Study cohort. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2010; 118:1117-25. [PMID: 20444670 PMCID: PMC2920083 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.0901731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2009] [Accepted: 05/05/2010] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We reviewed epidemiologic evidence related to occupational pesticide exposures and cancer incidence in the Agricultural Health Study (AHS) cohort. DATA SOURCES Studies were identified from the AHS publication list available at http://aghealth.nci.nih.gov as well as through a Medline/PubMed database search in March 2009. We also examined citation lists. Findings related to lifetime-days and/or intensity-weighted lifetime-days of pesticide use are the primary focus of this review, because these measures allow for the evaluation of potential exposure-response relationships. DATA SYNTHESIS We reviewed 28 studies; most of the 32 pesticides examined were not strongly associated with cancer incidence in pesticide applicators. Increased rate ratios (or odds ratios) and positive exposure-response patterns were reported for 12 pesticides currently registered in Canada and/or the United States (alachlor, aldicarb, carbaryl, chlorpyrifos, diazinon, dicamba, S-ethyl-N,N-dipropylthiocarbamate, imazethapyr, metolachlor, pendimethalin, permethrin, trifluralin). However, estimates of association for specific cancers were often imprecise because of small numbers of exposed cases, and clear monotonic exposure-response patterns were not always apparent. Exposure misclassification is also a concern in the AHS and may limit the analysis of exposure-response patterns. Epidemiologic evidence outside the AHS remains limited with respect to most of the observed associations, but animal toxicity data support the biological plausibility of relationships observed for alachlor, carbaryl, metolachlor, pendimethalin, permethrin, and trifluralin. CONCLUSIONS Continued follow-up is needed to clarify associations reported to date. In particular, further evaluation of registered pesticides is warranted.
Collapse
|
39
|
Multinucleation of spermatozoa and spermatids in infertile men chronically exposed to carbofuran. Reprod Toxicol 2010; 29:458-60. [PMID: 20347958 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2010.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2010] [Revised: 03/02/2010] [Accepted: 03/21/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To report the findings encountered in semen samples coming from two infertile men chronically exposed to carbofuran. METHODS Semen samples were collected and analyzed as recommended by the World Health Organization. A morphological analysis was carried out by light microscopy. RESULTS Seminal analysis revealed in the first case a total concentration of 42 million spermatozoa/mL with 17% motility and 20% normal shape. The second patient presented a total concentration of 5 million spermatozoa/mL with 6% motility and 2% normal shape. The patients presented a similar percentage of binucleated spermatozoa (28 and 26%) and of multinucleated spermatids (10 and 6%). CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this is the first time that alterations in semen samples of men exposed to carbofuran are reported. More research in this area is needed to make conclusions on the subject.
Collapse
|
40
|
A hospital-based case–control study of non-Hodgkin lymphoid neoplasms in Shanghai: Analysis of environmental and occupational risk factors by subtypes of the WHO classification. Chem Biol Interact 2010; 184:129-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2009.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2009] [Revised: 10/26/2009] [Accepted: 10/27/2009] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
41
|
Lynch SM, Mahajan R, Freeman LEB, Hoppin JA, Alavanja MC. Cancer incidence among pesticide applicators exposed to butylate in the Agricultural Health Study (AHS). ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2009; 109:860-8. [PMID: 19615679 PMCID: PMC3799990 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2009.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2008] [Revised: 06/17/2009] [Accepted: 06/22/2009] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Although limited, epidemiologic studies suggest possible associations between butylate use and cancer risk, specifically prostate cancer and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). We examined butylate use and cancer risk more broadly in the AHS, a cohort of licensed pesticide applicators in Iowa and North Carolina. Pesticide use information was collected using self-administered questionnaires. Poisson regression was used to calculate rate ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Two exposure metrics were used: lifetime exposure days (LD) and intensity-weighted lifetime exposure days (IWLD). We used two referent groups: unexposed to butylate and the lowest butylate usage category. This analysis included 19,655 applicators with complete butylate use information; 5297 applicators were exposed to butylate, making this the largest study of butylate to date. The mean follow-up time since enrollment was 9 years. Prostate cancer risk was significantly elevated among applicators in the highest LD category in both referent groups (low-exposed referent: RR(LD)=2.09, 95% CI=1.27-3.44). We observed a significantly elevated joint effect of prostate cancer family history and high butylate usage across both exposure metrics and both referent groups (low-exposed referent: RR(LD)=2.00, 95% CI=1.07-3.74), and a non-significant, elevated interaction between butylate use and prostate cancer family history, similar to a previous AHS finding. Statistically significant increased risks and exposure-response trends were seen for all lymphohematopoietic cancers (AL) and NHL for both exposure metrics and referent groups (low-exposed referent: AL:RR(LD)=2.27, 95% CI=1.18-4.37; NHL: RR(LD)=3.44, 95% CI=1.29-9.21). Our analysis did not find meaningful associations for other cancers analyzed. Further study is warranted for AL, NHL and prostate cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shannon M. Lynch
- Office of the Associate Director, Epidemiology and Genetics Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Rockville, MD
| | - Rajeev Mahajan
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Rockville, MD
| | - Laura E. Beane Freeman
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Rockville, MD
| | - Jane A. Hoppin
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, NC
| | - Michael C.R. Alavanja
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Rockville, MD
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Mladinic M, Perkovic P, Zeljezic D. Characterization of chromatin instabilities induced by glyphosate, terbuthylazine and carbofuran using cytome FISH assay. Toxicol Lett 2009; 189:130-7. [PMID: 19477249 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2009.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2009] [Revised: 05/14/2009] [Accepted: 05/19/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Possible clastogenic and aneugenic effects of pesticides on human lymphocytes at concentrations likely to be encountered in residential and occupational exposure were evaluated with (and without) the use of metabolic activation (S9). To get a better insight into the content of micronuclei (MN) and other chromatin instabilities, lymphocyte preparations were hybridized using pancentromeric DNA probes. Frequency of the MN, nuclear buds (NB) and nucleoplasmic bridges (NPB) in cultures treated with glyphosate slightly increased from 3.5microg/ml onward. Presence of S9 significantly elevated cytome assay parameters only at 580microg/ml. No concentration-related increase of centromere (C+) and DAPI signals (DAPI+) was observed for glyphosate treatment. Terbuthylazine treatment showed a dose dependent increase in the number of MN without S9 significant at 0.0008microg/ml and higher. At concentration lower than 1/16 LD50 occurrence of C+MN was significantly elevated regardless of S9, but not dose related, and in the presence of S9 only NBs containing centromere signals were observed. Carbofuran treatment showed concentration-dependent increase in the number of MN. The frequency of C+MN was significant from 0.008microg/ml onward regardless of S9. Results suggest that lower concentrations of glyphosate have no hazardous effects on DNA, while terbuthylazine and carbofuran revealed a predominant aneugenic potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marin Mladinic
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Zeljezic D, Vrdoljak AL, Lucas JN, Lasan R, Fucic A, Kopjar N, Katic J, Mladinic M, Radic B. Effect of occupational exposure to multiple pesticides on translocation yield and chromosomal aberrations in lymphocytes of plant workers. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2009; 43:6370-6377. [PMID: 19746739 DOI: 10.1021/es900824t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Employees handling pesticides are simultaneously exposed to different active substances. Occurring multiple chemical exposures may pose a higher risk than it could be deduced from studies evaluating the effect of a single substance. This study comprised 32 pesticide plantworkers exposed to carbofuran, chlorpyrifos, metalaxyl, and dodine and an equal number of control subjects. Groups were matched by age (43.8 +/- 10.16 vs 41.8 +/- 7.42, respectively), sex (14 females; 18 males), and smoking (11 smokers; 21 nonsmokers). Chromosome aberration and translocation frequencies were determined using a standard aberration assay and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) by applying painting probes for chromosomes 1, 2, and 4. Although significant, an observed increase in chromatid breaks (5.2 +/- 2.49) compared to controls (2.1 +/- 0.87), p(PostHoc) = 0.000001 is biologically irrelevant. Genomic frequency of translocations was also significantly elevated (exposed 0.0165 +/- 0.0070; control 0.0051 +/- 0.0023, P(PostHoc) = 0.000004). The distribution of translocations among chromosomes 1, 2, and 4 did not differ from control subjects. It corresponded to the distribution of DNA content among selected chromosomes indicating randomness of DNA damage. A good translocation yield correlation within years spent in pesticide production indicates that multiple pesticide exposure may pose a risk to genome integrity. However, for more accurate health risk assessments, the use of probes for some other groups of chromosomes should be considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Davor Zeljezic
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska 2, Zagreb, Croatia 10000.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
|
45
|
Andreotti G, Freeman LEB, Hou L, Coble J, Rusiecki J, Hoppin JA, Silverman DT, Alavanja MCR. Agricultural pesticide use and pancreatic cancer risk in the Agricultural Health Study Cohort. Int J Cancer 2009; 124:2495-500. [PMID: 19142867 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.24185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a rapidly fatal disease that has been linked with pesticide use. Previous studies have reported excess risks of pancreatic cancer with organochlorines such as DDT, however, many other commonly used pesticides have not been examined. To further examine the potential associations between the use of a number of pesticides and pancreatic cancer, we conducted a case-control analysis in the Agricultural Health Study, one of the largest prospective cohorts with over 89,000 participants including pesticide applicators and their spouses in Iowa and North Carolina. This analysis included 93 incident pancreatic cancer cases (64 applicators, 29 spouses) and 82,503 cancer-free controls who completed an enrollment questionnaire providing detailed pesticide use, demographic and lifestyle information. Ever use of 24 pesticides and intensity-weighted lifetime days [(lifetime exposure days) x (exposure intensity score)] of 13 pesticides was assessed. Risk estimates were calculated using unconditional logistic regression controlling for age, smoking, and diabetes. Among pesticide applicators, 2 herbicides (EPTC and pendimethalin) of the 13 pesticides examined for intensity-weighted lifetime use showed a statistically significant exposure-response association with pancreatic cancer. Applicators in the top half of lifetime pendimethalin use had a 3.0-fold (95% CI 1.3-7.2, p-trend = 0.01) risk compared with never users, and those in the top half of lifetime EPTC use had a 2.56-fold (95% CI = 1.1-5.4, p-trend = 0.01) risk compared with never users. Organochlorines were not associated with an excess risk of pancreatic cancer in this study. These findings suggest that herbicides, particularly pendimethalin and EPTC, may be associated with pancreatic cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Andreotti
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
McDuffie HH, Pahwa P, Karunanayake CP, Spinelli JJ, Dosman JA. Clustering of cancer among families of cases with Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL), Multiple Myeloma (MM), Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma (NHL), Soft Tissue Sarcoma (STS) and control subjects. BMC Cancer 2009; 9:70. [PMID: 19250521 PMCID: PMC2653543 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-9-70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2008] [Accepted: 02/27/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A positive family history of chronic diseases including cancer can be used as an index of genetic and shared environmental influences. The tumours studied have several putative risk factors in common including occupational exposure to certain pesticides and a positive family history of cancer. Methods We conducted population-based studies of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), Multiple Myeloma (MM), non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma (NHL), and Soft Tissue Sarcoma (STS) among male incident case and control subjects in six Canadian provinces. The postal questionnaire was used to collect personal demographic data, a medical history, a lifetime occupational history, smoking pattern, and the information on family history of cancer. The family history of cancer was restricted to first degree relatives and included relationship to the index subjects and the types of tumours diagnosed among relatives. The information was collected on 1528 cases (HL (n = 316), MM (n = 342), NHL (n = 513), STS (n = 357)) and 1506 age ± 2 years and province of residence matched control subjects. Conditional logistic regression analyses adjusted for the matching variables were conducted. Results We found that most families were cancer free, and a minority included two or more affected relatives. HL [(ORadj (95% CI) 1.79 (1.33, 2.42)], MM (1.38(1.07, 1.78)), NHL (1.43 (1.15, 1.77)), and STS cases (1.30(1.00, 1.68)) had higher incidence of cancer if any first degree relative was affected with cancer compared to control families. Constructing mutually exclusive categories combining "family history of cancer" (yes, no) and "pesticide exposure ≥10 hours per year" (yes, no) indicated that a positive family history was important for HL (2.25(1.61, 3.15)), and for the combination of the two exposures increased risk for MM (1.69(1.14,2.51)). Also, a positive family history of cancer both with (1.72 (1.21, 2.45)) and without pesticide exposure (1.43(1.12, 1.83)) increased risk of NHL. Conclusion HL, MM, NHL, and STS cases had higher incidence of cancer if any first degree relative affected with cancer compared to control families. A positive family history of cancer and/or shared environmental exposure to agricultural chemicals play an important role in the development of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helen H McDuffie
- Canadian Centre for Health and Safety in Agriculture, University of Saskatchewan, Royal University Hospital, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
van Bemmel DM, Visvanathan K, Beane Freeman LE, Coble J, Hoppin JA, Alavanja MC. S-ethyl-N,N-dipropylthiocarbamate exposure and cancer incidence among male pesticide applicators in the agricultural health study: a prospective cohort. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2008; 116:1541-6. [PMID: 19057708 PMCID: PMC2592275 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.11371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2008] [Accepted: 06/26/2008] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Agricultural Health Study (AHS) is a prospective cohort study of licensed pesticide applicators from Iowa and North Carolina enrolled between 1993 and 1997. EPTC (S-ethyl-N,N-dipropylthiocarbamate) is a thiocarbamate herbicide used in every region of the United States. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency reports that EPTC is most likely not a human carcinogen; however, the previous epidemiologic data on EPTC exposure and cancer risk were limited. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to examine cancer incidence and EPTC use in 48,378 male pesticide applicators enrolled in the AHS. METHODS We estimated the rate ratio (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for all cancers and selected cancer sites using Poisson regression. We assessed EPTC exposure using two quantitative metrics: lifetime exposure days and intensity-weighted lifetime exposure days, a measure that accounts for application factors that modify personal exposure likelihood. RESULTS Among the 9,878 applicators exposed to EPTC, 470 incident cancer cases were diagnosed during the follow-up period ending December 2004 compared with the 1,824 cases among individuals reporting no use. Although EPTC was associated with colon cancer in the highest tertile of both lifetime exposure days and intensity-weighted lifetime days (RR = 2.09; 95% CI, 1.26-3.47 and RR = 2.05; 95% CI, 1.34-3.14, respectively) and the trend test was < 0.01 for both, the pattern of RR was not monotonic with increasing use. There was a suggestion of an association with leukemia. No other associations were observed. CONCLUSION In this analysis, EPTC use appeared to be associated with colon cancer and leukemia. However, given the relatively small number of cases in the highest exposure tertile, results should be interpreted with caution, and further investigations are needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dana M. van Bemmel
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Kala Visvanathan
- Department of Epidemiology and Oncology, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Laura E. Beane Freeman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Joseph Coble
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Jane A. Hoppin
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute for Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Michael C.R. Alavanja
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Eriksson M, Hardell L, Carlberg M, Åkerman M. Pesticide exposure as risk factor for non-Hodgkin lymphoma including histopathological subgroup analysis. Int J Cancer 2008; 123:1657-63. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.23589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
49
|
da Silva J, Moraes CR, Heuser VD, Andrade VM, Silva FR, Kvitko K, Emmel V, Rohr P, Bordin DL, Andreazza AC, Salvador M, Henriques JAP, Erdtmann B. Evaluation of genetic damage in a Brazilian population occupationally exposed to pesticides and its correlation with polymorphisms in metabolizing genes. Mutagenesis 2008; 23:415-22. [PMID: 18550589 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gen031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytogenetic damage in individuals occupationally exposed to pesticides has received the attention of investigators in several countries, but no definitive conclusions can yet be made. The present study aimed at assessing if prolonged exposure to complex mixtures of pesticides leads to an increase in cytogenetic damage. Vineyard workers exposed to pesticides in Caxias do Sul (Brazil) were evaluated using the micronucleus (MN) test in binucleated lymphocytes and the comet assay in peripheral leukocytes. In order to evaluate if genetically determined individual variations in xenobiotic metabolizing capacity could modify individual susceptibility to the possible genotoxic effects of pesticides, the subjects were genotyped for several genes: GSTT1, GSTM1, GSTP1, CYP1A1, CYP2E1 and PON. The study involved a total number of 173 men: 108 were agricultural workers exposed to pesticides and 65 were controls. The present study showed a high rate of MN and DNA damage in pesticide-exposed individuals (P <or= 0.001; Mann-Whitney U-test). In addition, some effects of genetic polymorphisms in PON in the modulation of MN results were observed in the exposed group, and an association between GSTM1, GSTT1 and CYP2E1 polymorphisms was suggested.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juliana da Silva
- Laboratório de Genética Toxicológica, PPGGTA e PPGECIM, Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas-RS, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Pyatt D, Natelson E, Golden R. Is inhalation exposure to formaldehyde a biologically plausible cause of lymphohematopoietic malignancies? Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2008; 51:119-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2008.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2007] [Revised: 02/26/2008] [Accepted: 03/05/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|