1
|
Luebke J, Thomas N, Nkhoma YB, Fernandez AR, Moore KM, Lopez AA, Mkandawire-Valhmu L. "It is like a curse". The lived experiences of the intersection of intergenerational violence, pregnancy, and intimate partner violence among urban Wisconsin Indigenous women. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2024; 51:274-281. [PMID: 39034089 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2024.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) is a significant public health concern that disproportionately impacts Indigenous American women more than any other ethnic/racial group in the United States. PURPOSE This study aims to inform the work of nurses and allied health professionals by providing insight into the lived realities of Indigenous women in urban areas and how IPV manifests in the lives of Indigenous women. METHODS Postcolonial and Indigenous feminist frameworks informed this qualitative study. Using thematic analysis, we analyzed data from semi-structured individual interviews with 34 Indigenous women in large urban areas in the upper Midwest. FINDINGS This manuscript discusses one broad theme: experiences of IPV during pregnancy and the devastating impacts on women and their children in the form of intergenerational trauma. Under this broad theme, we identified two sub-themes: impacts of IPV on individual pregnancy experiences and linkages to adverse pregnancy-related outcomes related to physical IPV during the childbearing years. CONCLUSION This Indigenous-led study informs the development of effective Indigenous-specific interventions to minimize barriers to accessing prenatal care and help-seeking when experiencing IPV to reduce the devastating consequences for Indigenous women and their families.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeneile Luebke
- School of Nursing, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States of America.
| | - Nicole Thomas
- School of Nursing, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States of America
| | - Yamikani B Nkhoma
- School of Nursing, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States of America
| | | | - Kaylen Marua Moore
- College of Nursing, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, United States of America
| | - Alexa A Lopez
- College of Nursing, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, United States of America
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jackson KT, Marshall C, Yates J. Health-Related Maternal Decision-Making Among Perinatal Women in the Context of Intimate Partner Violence: A Scoping Review. TRAUMA, VIOLENCE & ABUSE 2024; 25:1899-1910. [PMID: 37728102 PMCID: PMC11155210 DOI: 10.1177/15248380231198876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Globally, it is estimated that 245 million women and girls aged 15 and over have experienced intimate partner violence (IPV) in the past 12 months. Moreover, research has highlighted the disproportionately high prevalence of IPV victimization among pregnant women. IPV can have serious health implications for women and their infants, yet little is known about maternal health-related decision-making by mothers exposed to IPV. To this end, the purpose of this scoping review was to examine what is known regarding health-related maternal decision-making among perinatal women in the context of IPV. Using Arksey and O'Malley's framework, five electronic databases were searched, resulting in 630 articles. Eligible articles were primary studies written in English, included participants who experienced IPV at any time in their life, and reported results focused on maternal health-related decision-making in the context of IPV. Thirty-six articles were screened by the review team, resulting in seven included articles. Three main themes emerged regarding health-related maternal decision-making by mothers experiencing IPV, including suboptimal breastfeeding practices, under-utilization of maternal and child health services, and poor adherence to medical recommendations/regimens that impact health-related outcomes for mother and child. The well-established risk of poorer health outcomes among women experiencing IPV, alongside the findings of this scoping review, calls for further research specifically addressing health-related decision-making among perinatal women who experience IPV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kimberley T. Jackson
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Cheryl Marshall
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Julia Yates
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Health and Rehabilitation Sciences Program, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mehta-Lee SS, Echevarria GC, Brubaker SG, Yaghoubian Y, Long SE, Dolin CD. The Association between Psychosocial Stressors and Gestational Weight Gain: Analysis of the National Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) Results from 2012 to 2015. Matern Child Health J 2024; 28:1250-1257. [PMID: 38427279 DOI: 10.1007/s10995-024-03923-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Both psychosocial stress and gestational weight gain are independently associated with adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. Studies of the association between psychosocial stress and gestational weight gain (GWG) have yielded mixed results. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between psychosocial stress and GWG in a large population-based cohort. METHODS Data from the nationally representative Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) Phase 7 questionnaire 2012-2015 was utilized. Maternal psychosocial stress was assessed through response to questions designed to examine four domains of psychosocial stress (i.e., traumatic, financial, emotional, partner-related) three months prior to or during pregnancy. GWG was categorized using pre-pregnancy BMI and total GWG into inadequate, adequate, or excessive according to the Institute of Medicine's GWG guidelines. Multinomial logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between psychosocial stressors and adequacy of GWG. Analyses took into account complex survey design. RESULTS All respondents who delivered ≥ 37 weeks gestation with GWG information available were included in the analysis (n = 119,183). After adjusting for confounders, patients who reported financial stress were more likely to experience excessive versus adequate GWG (RRR 1.09 [95%CI: 1.02-1.17]). Exposure to any of the stressor groups did not significantly increase the risk of inadequate GWG. CONCLUSIONS This large, population-based study revealed that among pregnant people in the US, exposure to financial stress is associated with higher risk of excessive GWG. Understanding the role stress plays in GWG will help to inform initiatives targeting this important aspect of prenatal care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shilpi S Mehta-Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, New York University Langone Health/NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Ghislaine C Echevarria
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai West, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sara G Brubaker
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, New York University Langone Health/NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yasaman Yaghoubian
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra, NorthwellHempstead, USA
| | - Sara E Long
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Environmental Pediatrics, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Cara D Dolin
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Reproductive Biology, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kozhimannil KB, Sheffield EC, Fritz AH, Interrante JD, Henning-Smith C, Lewis VA. Health insurance coverage and experiences of intimate partner violence and postpartum abuse screening among rural US residents who gave birth 2016-2020. J Rural Health 2024. [PMID: 38733132 DOI: 10.1111/jrh.12843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Intimate partner violence (IPV) is elevated among rural residents and contributes to maternal morbidity and mortality. Postpartum health insurance expansion efforts could address multiple causes of maternal morbidity and mortality, including IPV. The objective of this study was to describe the relationship between perinatal health insurance, IPV, and postpartum abuse screening among rural US residents. METHODS Using 2016-2020 data on rural residents from the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, we assessed self-report of experiencing physical violence by an intimate partner and rates of abuse screening at postpartum visits. Health insurance at childbirth and postpartum was categorized as private, Medicaid, or uninsured. We also measured insurance transitions from childbirth to postpartum (continuous private, continuous Medicaid, Medicaid to private, and Medicaid to uninsured). FINDINGS IPV rates varied by health insurance status at childbirth, with the highest rates among Medicaid beneficiaries (7.7%), compared to those who were uninsured (1.6%) or privately insured (1.6%). When measured by insurance transitions, the highest IPV rates were reported by those with continuous Medicaid coverage (8.6%), followed by those who transitioned from Medicaid at childbirth to private insurance (5.3%) or no insurance (5.9%) postpartum. Nearly half (48.1%) of rural residents lacked postpartum abuse screening, with the highest proportion among rural residents who were uninsured at childbirth (66.1%) or postpartum (52.1%). CONCLUSION Rural residents who are insured by Medicaid before or after childbirth are at elevated risk for IPV. Medicaid policy efforts to improve maternal health should focus on improving detection and screening for IPV among rural residents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katy Backes Kozhimannil
- Division of Health Policy and Management, Rural Health Research Center, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Emily C Sheffield
- Division of Health Policy and Management, Rural Health Research Center, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Alyssa H Fritz
- Division of Health Policy and Management, Rural Health Research Center, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Julia D Interrante
- Division of Health Policy and Management, Rural Health Research Center, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Carrie Henning-Smith
- Division of Health Policy and Management, Rural Health Research Center, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Valerie A Lewis
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kozhimannil KB, Sheffield EC, Fritz AH, Henning‐Smith C, Interrante JD, Lewis VA. Rural/urban differences in rates and predictors of intimate partner violence and abuse screening among pregnant and postpartum United States residents. Health Serv Res 2024; 59:e14212. [PMID: 37553107 PMCID: PMC10915503 DOI: 10.1111/1475-6773.14212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe rates and predictors of perinatal intimate partner violence (IPV) and rates and predictors of not being screened for abuse among rural and urban IPV victims who gave birth. DATA SOURCES AND STUDY SETTING This analysis utilized 2016-2020 Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) data from 45 states and three jurisdictions. STUDY DESIGN This is a retrospective, cross-sectional study using multistate survey data. DATA COLLECTION/EXTRACTION METHODS This analysis included 201,413 survey respondents who gave birth in 2016-2020 (n = 42,193 rural and 159,220 urban respondents). We used survey-weighted multivariable logistic regression models, stratified by rural/urban residence, to estimate adjusted predicted probabilities and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for two outcomes: (1) self-reported experiences of IPV (physical violence by a current or former intimate partner) and (2) not receiving abuse screening at health care visits before, during, or after pregnancy. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Rural residents had a higher prevalence of perinatal IPV (4.6%) than urban residents (3.2%). Rural respondents who were Medicaid beneficiaries, 18-35 years old, non-Hispanic white, Hispanic (English-speaking), or American Indian/Alaska Native had significantly higher predicted probabilities of experiencing perinatal IPV compared with their urban counterparts. Among respondents who experienced perinatal IPV, predicted probabilities of not receiving abuse screening were 21.3% for rural and 16.5% for urban residents. Predicted probabilities of not being screened for abuse were elevated for rural IPV victims who were Medicaid beneficiaries, 18-24 years old, or unmarried, compared to urban IPV victims with those same characteristics. CONCLUSIONS IPV is more common among rural birthing people, and rural IPV victims are at higher risk of not being screened for abuse compared with their urban peers. IPV prevention and support interventions are needed in rural communities and should focus on universal abuse screening during health care visits and targeted support for those at greatest risk of perinatal IPV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katy Backes Kozhimannil
- Division of Health Policy and ManagementUniversity of Minnesota Rural Health Research Center, University of Minnesota School of Public HealthMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA
- Division of Health Policy and ManagementUniversity of Minnesota, University of Minnesota School of Public HealthMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA
| | - Emily C. Sheffield
- Division of Health Policy and ManagementUniversity of Minnesota Rural Health Research Center, University of Minnesota School of Public HealthMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA
- Division of Health Policy and ManagementUniversity of Minnesota, University of Minnesota School of Public HealthMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA
| | - Alyssa H. Fritz
- Division of Health Policy and ManagementUniversity of Minnesota Rural Health Research Center, University of Minnesota School of Public HealthMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA
- Division of Health Policy and ManagementUniversity of Minnesota, University of Minnesota School of Public HealthMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA
| | - Carrie Henning‐Smith
- Division of Health Policy and ManagementUniversity of Minnesota Rural Health Research Center, University of Minnesota School of Public HealthMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA
- Division of Health Policy and ManagementUniversity of Minnesota, University of Minnesota School of Public HealthMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA
| | - Julia D. Interrante
- Division of Health Policy and ManagementUniversity of Minnesota Rural Health Research Center, University of Minnesota School of Public HealthMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA
- Division of Health Policy and ManagementUniversity of Minnesota, University of Minnesota School of Public HealthMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA
| | - Valerie A. Lewis
- Department of Health Policy and ManagementGillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Caira-Chuquineyra B, Fernandez-Guzman D, Cortez-Soto AG, Urrunaga-Pastor D, Bendezu-Quispe G, Toro-Huamanchumo CJ. Association between intimate partner violence and pregnancy intention: evidence from the Peruvian demographic and health survey. BMC Womens Health 2024; 24:140. [PMID: 38402397 PMCID: PMC10893598 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-024-02958-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intimate partner violence (IPV) in Peru represents a significant public health challenge. IPV can influence women's reproductive and social behaviors, undermining fertility control, and exacerbating unintended pregnancies. Our objective was to assess the association between IPV and pregnancy intention among Peruvian women of reproductive age. METHODS We conducted a secondary analysis of Peru's 2020 Demographic and Family Health Survey data. The independent variable in this study was IPV against women, which includes psychological IPV, sexual IPV, and physical IPV. If a respondent experienced any of these three forms of IPV, the IPV variable was labeled as "yes"; if none were present, it was labeled as "no". The dependent variable was pregnancy intention (no vs. yes). We utilized a generalized linear model (GLM) from the Poisson family with a log link function to assess the relationship between IPV occurrences (total and each IPV type) and pregnancy intention. We report crude and adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). RESULTS We analyzed data from 8466 women aged 15 to 49. The prevalence of any IPV was 49.6% (psychological IPV: 45.8%; physical IPV: 22.2%; and sexual IPV: 4.3%). Exposure to physical IPV (aPR: 1.05; 95% CI: 1.03-1.07), psychological IPV (aPR: 1.04; 95% CI: 1.02-1.06), and sexual IPV (aPR: 1.09; 95% CI: 1.04-1.13), as well as a history of any IPV (aPR: 1.05; 95% CI: 1.02-1.07), were associated with a higher probability of not intending to become pregnant. This association persisted after adjusting for confounders like age, marital status, educational attainment, education level of the child's father, place of residence, wealth, ethnicity, and parity. CONCLUSION One in two Peruvian women reported experiencing IPV. An association was observed between IPV exposure and a higher probability of not holding an intention to become pregnant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel Fernandez-Guzman
- Carrera de Medicina Humana, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Peru
| | - Andrea G Cortez-Soto
- Sociedad Científica de Estudiantes de Medicina de Ica (SOCEMI), Universidad Nacional San Luis Gonzaga, Ica, Peru
| | - Diego Urrunaga-Pastor
- Carrera de Medicina Humana, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Peru.
| | - Guido Bendezu-Quispe
- Unidad de Investigación para la Generación y Síntesis de Evidencias en Salud, Vicerrectorado de Investigación, Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Lima, Peru
| | - Carlos J Toro-Huamanchumo
- Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad César Vallejo, Trujillo, Peru
- OBEMET Center for Obesity and Metabolic Health, Lima, Peru
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Smith EJ, Bailey BA, Cascio A. Sexual Coercion, Intimate Partner Violence, and Homicide: A Scoping Literature Review. TRAUMA, VIOLENCE & ABUSE 2024; 25:341-353. [PMID: 36722380 DOI: 10.1177/15248380221150474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The specific relationship between sexual coercion, intimate partner violence (IPV) during pregnancy, and intimate partner homicide (IPH) is poorly understood. Through a scoping literature review, we identified 101 studies on sexual coercion, IPV during pregnancy, and IPH and created a conceptual model suggesting unintended pregnancies may serve as both a risk factor for and a product of IPV that may escalate to IPH. We illustrate a healthcare systems intervention implication of this model in the context of the Colorado Family Planning Initiative (CFPI). Descriptive statistics suggest an inverse association between contraception access and IPH, which declined by 62% during the first 4 years of the CFPI. Interventions aimed at improving reproductive agency, including improving contraception access and reducing unintended pregnancy, may be a useful opportunity for clinician and health systems to contribute to reducing both lethal and nonlethal IPV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily Joan Smith
- Central Michigan University College of Medicine, Mount Pleasant, USA
| | - Beth A Bailey
- Central Michigan University College of Medicine, Mount Pleasant, USA
| | - Ariel Cascio
- Central Michigan University College of Medicine, Mount Pleasant, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ambia AM, Pruszynski JE, Fairchild E, McIntire DD, Nelson DB. Perinatal outcomes of young adolescent pregnancies in an urban inner city. Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM 2023; 5:100843. [PMID: 36572108 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajogmf.2022.100843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although substantial efforts have been made to reduce the rates of adolescent pregnancy, the United States continues to have higher rates than other industrialized countries. Research and reporting usually focus on adolescents aged 15 to 19 years. Although less common, there are pregnant young adolescents that are ≤15 years of age, with developmental and social differences from older, high school-aged adolescents. OBJECTIVE Because adolescent pregnancies are of particular concern because of long-term socioeconomic consequences to parent and child, we sought to determine whether young adolescents (≤15 years old) had worse perinatal outcomes than older adolescents (16-19 years old) and older parents (≥20 to 34 years old) among those living in an urban inner city. STUDY DESIGN This was a study of pregnant individuals who delivered a singleton pregnancy without evidence of chronic hypertension or pregestational diabetes mellitus at a safety net hospital from January 2010 to May 2021. Parents were grouped by age at the time of delivery into young adolescents (≤15 years old) and older adolescents (16-19 years old). For a comparison group, nulliparous older parents aged 20 to 34 years with singleton pregnancies were analyzed for perinatal outcomes and compared with the adolescent cohorts. When analyzing baseline parental characteristics, a preponderance of obesity was noted in the young adolescent cohort. An analysis of parental characteristics and perinatal outcomes among young adolescents with obesity vs young adolescents without obesity ≤15 years old was performed. Statistical analysis included χ2 and Student t test with P values of <.05 considered significant. Logistic regression analysis was performed to control for potentially confounding demographic variables. RESULTS Overall, 10,894 adolescent women delivered, with 868 young adolescents and 10,026 older adolescents. Pairwise comparisons showed young adolescents had a different race distribution than older adolescents (P=.006) and older parents (P<.001). Young adolescents were more likely to be Hispanic or non-Hispanic Black (P<.001) and accessed prenatal care at a later gestational age (19.7±8.9 weeks) compared with older adolescents (16.7±8.6 weeks) and the comparison older cohort of parents (15.7±8.7 weeks) (P<.001) and less frequently in pregnancy (P<.001) compared with older parents. Young adolescents were more likely to have preterm birth at <37 weeks of gestation (P<.001) and eclampsia (0.5% vs 0.1%) (P=.01) than older adolescents. Therefore, low birthweights of ≤2500 g (P=.02) and neonatal intensive care unit admission (P=.048) were also increased in adolescents. When adjusted for race, ethnicity, and body mass index, preeclampsia with severe features (P<.001) and preterm birth at <37 weeks of gestation (P=.048) remained significant. Young adolescents with obesity were more likely to have preeclampsia with severe features (odds ratio, 1.81; 95% confidence interval, 1.22-2.68) and be delivered via cesarean delivery (odds ratio, 2.71; 95% confidence interval, 1.85-3.99) than adolescents without obesity. CONCLUSION In an urban inner city, young adolescent parents were more likely to be women of color, have later presentations to prenatal care, and have increased rates of preterm birth. Young adolescents had high rates of obesity, which was associated with increased rates of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and cesarean delivery, than adolescents without obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne M Ambia
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (Drs Ambia, Pruszynski, McIntire, and Nelson).
| | - Jessica E Pruszynski
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (Drs Ambia, Pruszynski, McIntire, and Nelson)
| | | | - Donald D McIntire
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (Drs Ambia, Pruszynski, McIntire, and Nelson)
| | - David B Nelson
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (Drs Ambia, Pruszynski, McIntire, and Nelson)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Testa A, Lee J, Neumann A, Jackson DB. Physical intimate partner violence and oral health problems during pregnancy. J Am Dent Assoc 2023; 154:293-300.e1. [PMID: 36707273 DOI: 10.1016/j.adaj.2022.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to assess the association between physical intimate partner violence (IPV) during pregnancy and reports of prenatal oral health problems among a sample of mothers in the United States. METHODS Data were obtained from the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System from 7 sites (Kentucky, Mississippi, New Hampshire, New York, Puerto Rico, Utah, West Virginia) for 2016 through 2020. The authors used multivariable logistic regression to examine the relationship between physical IPV and respondent self-reports of whether they needed to see a dentist for several oral health problems during pregnancy: (1) needing to have a tooth restored; (2) painful, red, or swollen gingivae; (3) toothache; (4) needing to have a tooth extracted; (5) having an injury to the mouth, teeth, or gingivae; or (6) another problem with teeth or gingivae. RESULTS Women who experienced physical IPV during pregnancy had elevated rates of oral health problems during pregnancy compared with women who did not experience IPV. The findings detailed associations between physical IPV and oral health problems that may stem from physical violence, including painful, red, or swollen gingivae; toothache; and mouth, teeth, or gingivae injury. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study highlight a connection between physical IPV during pregnancy and oral health problems consistent with orofacial injuries. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS The association between physical IPV and elevated rates of oral health problems and orofacial injuries highlights the critical role of oral health care providers in screening for, detecting, and intervening in IPV among pregnant women.
Collapse
|
10
|
Zapata-Calvente AL, Martín-de-las-Heras S, Bueno Cavanillas A, Andreasen K, Rasch V, Khan KS. E-health psychological intervention in pregnant women exposed to intimate partner violence (eIPV): A protocol for a pilot randomised controlled trial. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0282997. [PMID: 36930616 PMCID: PMC10022801 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0282997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Intimate partner violence (IPV) during pregnancy, a condition as common as obstetrics conditions like gestational diabetes, is associated with maternal and neonatal complications. Systematic detection of IPV is not well established in antenatal screening probably because the effectiveness of protective interventions has not been evaluated. E-health interventions may be beneficial among mothers exposed to IPV. Prior to performing a full-scale effectiveness trial for such an intervention, a pilot study is required to assess the feasibility of randomising a sufficiently large number of women exposed to IPV during pregnancy. The eIPV trial is a randomised pilot study nested within a cohort of consenting mothers who screen positive for IPV in the first antenatal visit at <12 weeks' gestation and accept an e-health package (psychological counselling by videoconference) in Spain and Denmark. Twenty eligible mothers from the above cohort will be randomised to either intervention or control. The intervention group will receive the e-health package as part of the cohort. The control group will be invited to accept a delay in the intervention (e-health package eight weeks later). After consenting to delay, the control group will provide comparative data without losing the opportunity of obtaining the intervention. We will determine estimates of rates of informed consent to randomization, and the rates of adherence and dropout following randomization. Qualitative interviews will be conducted to examine the women's perception about the benefit of the intervention, reasons for acceptability and non-adherence, and obstacles to recruitment, randomisation and consent. The results will inform the trial feasibility and variance of key clinical outcome measures for estimation of sample size of the full-scale effectiveness trial.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Stella Martín-de-las-Heras
- Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Malaga, Málaga, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Aurora Bueno Cavanillas
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Karen Andreasen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Vibeke Rasch
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Khalid S. Khan
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Morrison PK, Pallatino C, Fusco RA, Kenkre T, Chang J, Krans EE. Pregnant Victims of Intimate Partner Homicide in the National Violent Death Reporting System Database, 2003-2014: A Descriptive Analysis. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2022; 37:NP2652-NP2670. [PMID: 32713241 DOI: 10.1177/0886260520943726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Intimate partner homicide (IPH) is a leading cause of maternal mortality in the United States. However, very little information exists as to the circumstantial factors associated with IPH during pregnancy. We conducted a descriptive study of the demographic characteristics, psychosocial service engagement, and crises experiences (i.e., life and relationship stressors) among pregnant and nonpregnant victims to understand what differences, if any, exist in their risk profile for IPH. Data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Violent Death Reporting System (NVDRS) were used for this study. The NVDRS is a national opt-in tracking system of all violent deaths in the United States. Pregnant victims (N = 293) were significantly more likely to be 5 years younger than nonpregnant victims, African American, and never married. Pregnant victims were more likely to be seen in the emergency room following the fatal incident. Nonpregnant victims (N = 2,089) were significantly more likely to have suspected alcohol use at the time of their death. In strictly proportional terms, we also observed higher rates of mental health problems, a history of mental health treatment, and a reported history of intimate partner violence (IPV), crisis, or family problems among nonpregnant victims. A wider range of IPH-related risk factors (e.g. substance abuse) need to be included IPV assessments. Future studies should seek to develop effective interventions to prevent IPH, particularly among reproductive aged women.
Collapse
|
12
|
Rahman M, Saha P, Anwar N, Hossain A. He hurts her womb: Physical-sexual violence and pregnancy complications among women in Afghanistan. Health Promot Perspect 2022; 11:485-491. [PMID: 35079594 PMCID: PMC8767079 DOI: 10.34172/hpp.2021.61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Though some studies show the association between intimate partner violence and pregnancy complications in developed countries, the association remains understudied in less developed and low-income settings. This study examines the association of physical and sexual violence with pregnancy complications among women in Afghanistan. Methods: This study used the data from the 2015 Afghanistan Demographic and Health Survey (AfDHS). The analysis included 7229 women aged between 15 and 49 and used logistic regression to show the association of physical and sexual violence with pregnancy compilations. The analysis controlled for some potential variables and followed complex survey design factors such as strata, clusters, and survey weights. Results: Fully adjusted regression model shows that the women who experienced physical violence were 21% (adjusted odds ratio [OR]=1.21; confidence interval [CI]=0.98, 1.50; P <0.1) more likely to endure pregnancy complications compared to those who did not face the violence. Likewise, the women experiencing sexual violence were 89% (adjusted OR=1.89; CI=1.37, 2.62; P <0.01) higher to face pregnancy complications than those who did not face any of sexual violence. More specifically, physically and sexually violated women were highly prey to the complications that increased with the increment of the violence. Conclusion: This study adds that policymakers may formulate policies for ensuring 3C (caring couple counselling) by readdressing couple relationships, raising gender rights and awareness, providing reproductive health literacy, and increasing mental health awareness during pregnancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mostafizur Rahman
- Department of Science and Humanities, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Aviation and Aerospace University, Old Airport, Tejgaon, Dhaka 1215, Bangladesh
| | - Priom Saha
- Institute of Statistical Research and Training, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Nahida Anwar
- Department of Philosophy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Afnan Hossain
- Department of Peace and Conflict Studies, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Raifman S, Puri M, Arcara J, Diamond-Smith N. Is there an association between fertility and domestic violence in Nepal? AJOG GLOBAL REPORTS 2021; 1:100011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xagr.2021.100011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
|
14
|
Erkal Aksoy Y, Akın B, Dereli Yılmaz S. Factors affecting the levels of distress during pregnancy, sexual relationship power and intimate partner violence. SEXUAL AND RELATIONSHIP THERAPY 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/14681994.2021.1901872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasemin Erkal Aksoy
- Department of Midwifery, Health Sciences Faculty of Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Bihter Akın
- Department of Midwifery, Health Sciences Faculty of Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Sema Dereli Yılmaz
- Department of Midwifery, Health Sciences Faculty of Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Haron K, Shaffie Z, Ghazi HF, Isa ZM. Women's Attitude and Its Influence on Violence During Pregnancy in Northern State of Peninsular Malaysia: Cross-Sectional Study. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2021; 36:NP2576-NP2600. [PMID: 29624110 DOI: 10.1177/0886260518759059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of men's violence against pregnant women and whether it is influenced by women's attitude. A cross-sectional study was carried out in a hospital in northern state of Peninsular Malaysia. A total of 1,200 postnatal women aged 18 years and above who had been admitted to the hospital were recruited in the study. Universal sampling was performed, and participants were interviewed face-to-face by using a validated Malay version of WHO Women's Health and Life Experiences Questionnaire. The main outcome measures in the study were emotional, physical or sexual violence. The study results showed that more than one third of women (35.9%; confidence interval [CI] = [0.33, 0.39]) had experienced any type of violence during pregnancy with the commonest was psychological violence (29.8%; CI = [0.27, 0.32]) followed by physical (12.9%; CI = [0.11, 0.15]) and sexual violence (9.8%; CI = [0.08, 0.12]). Women who were drug users, had an exposure to violence during childhood, had higher parity, and had inadequate antenatal care were at greater risk. Agree that husband is justified to hit his wife in certain conditions and agree that women has a right to refuse sex in certain conditions were among violence-supporting attitudes. It can be concluded that men's violence against pregnant women is extremely prevalent. Sensitive assessment, attitude modification, and intervention (primary, secondary, and tertiary) are of great value in combating men's violence against pregnant women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Zaleha Md Isa
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Taillieu TL, Brownridge DA, Brownell M. Screening for intimate partner violence in the early postpartum period: Maternal and child health and social outcomes from birth to 5-years post-delivery. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2021; 111:104865. [PMID: 33338981 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2020.104865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intimate partner violence (IPV) during pregnancy is a substantial public health concern, yet little is known about the developmental trajectory of these women and their children after birth. OBJECTIVE The objective was to examine maternal and child health as well as social outcomes from birth to 5-years post-delivery associated with a positive (vs. negative) maternal IPV screen around the time of delivery. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING Manitoban women giving birth to a live singleton infant from January 1, 2003 to December 31, 2006 were followed from birth to 5-years post-delivery (analytic sample: N = 40,051). METHODS Administrative databases from the Manitoba Centre for Health Policy provided data for the study. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were used to examine relationships between IPV screen response around the time of birth (i.e., current, or history of, violence between parenting partners) with maternal and child health as well as social outcomes. RESULTS Women screening positive for IPV had increased odds of diagnosed mood/anxiety disorders, personality disorders, substance use disorders, diabetes, respiratory morbidity, and intentional/non-intentional injury hospitalizations (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] range 1.81-5.59, p < .01). Children of women screening positive for IPV had increased odds of diagnosed attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder, lower respiratory infections, and injury hospitalizations (AOR range 1.53-2.00, p < .01), child welfare organization contact (AOR = 8.84, p < .01), and of being more developmentally vulnerable at kindergarten across domains of functioning (AOR range 1.69-1.93, p < .01) than children of mothers screening negative for IPV. CONCLUSION A positive IPV screen was associated with poorer maternal and child health, increased child and family services contact, and children being more developmentally vulnerable in the 5-years after delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tamara L Taillieu
- Department of Community Health Sciences, 306 Human Ecology, 35 Chancellor's Circle, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada.
| | - Douglas A Brownridge
- Department of Community Health Sciences. 313D Human Ecology, 35 Chancellor's Circle, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada.
| | - Marni Brownell
- Research and Senior Research Scientist, Manitoba Centre for Health Policy, Room 408, 727 McDermot Avenue, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3E 3P5, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Defilipo ÉC, Chagas PSDC, Ribeiro LC. Violence against pregnant women and associated factors in the city of Governador Valadares. Rev Saude Publica 2020; 54:135. [PMID: 33331419 PMCID: PMC7702383 DOI: 10.11606/s1518-8787.2020054002491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To characterize violence against women during pregnancy and to verify its association with socioeconomic, demographic, obstetric, behavioral factors, health care and diseases during pregnancy. METHODS Cross-sectional study carried out with puerperal women whose birth took place at the Municipal Hospital of Governador Valadares, in Minas Gerais, from May 2017 to July 2018. Data collection was performed through interviews, and complementary information was obtained by analyzing the prenatal file and medical records. For data analysis, logistic regression was used. RESULTS The total of 771 puerperal women participated in the study. Of these, 62 (8.0%) reported having suffered physical, psychological or sexual violence during pregnancy. The pregnant women most likely to have suffered violence were alcohol dependent (OR = 4.97; 95%CI 2.30–10.75; p < 0.001), those who did not perform prenatal care (OR = 3.88; 95%CI 1.00–15.09; p = 0.050), those who used health services in an emergency during pregnancy (OR = 2.47; 95%CI 1.42–4.30; p = 0.001) and who had gestational diabetes (OR = 2.59; 95%CI 1.06–6.32; p = 0.037) and sexually transmitted diseases (OR = 3.85; 95%CI 1.41–10.50; p = 0.009). CONCLUSION Violence against pregnant women is associated with behavioral factors and related to health care and diseases during pregnancy. It is essential to recognize factors associated by health professionals through actions to track situations of violence against women since the beginning of prenatal care, in order to enable early intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Érica Cesário Defilipo
- Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora campus Governador Valadares. Instituto de Ciências da Vida. Departamento de Fisioterapia. Governador Valadares, MG, Brasil
| | - Paula Silva de Carvalho Chagas
- Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora. Faculdade de Fisioterapia. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Reabilitação e Desempenho Físico-funcional. Juiz de Fora, MG, Brasil
| | - Luiz Cláudio Ribeiro
- Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora. Departamento de Estatística. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva. Juiz de Fora, MG, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Murray AL, Kaiser D, Valdebenito S, Hughes C, Baban A, Fernando AD, Madrid B, Ward CL, Osafo J, Dunne M, Sikander S, Walker S, Van Thang V, Tomlinson M, Eisner M. The Intergenerational Effects of Intimate Partner Violence in Pregnancy: Mediating Pathways and Implications for Prevention. TRAUMA, VIOLENCE & ABUSE 2020; 21:964-976. [PMID: 30514180 DOI: 10.1177/1524838018813563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Prenatal intimate partner violence (P-IPV) can have significant adverse impacts on both mother and fetus. Existing P-IPV interventions focus on the safety of the mother and on reducing revictimization; yet expanding these to address the adverse impact on the fetus has considerable potential for preventing long-term negative developmental outcomes. In this review, we draw together evidence on major pathways linking exposure to P-IPV and child outcomes, arguing that these pathways represent potential targets to improve P-IPV intervention efforts. Using a narrative review of 112 articles, we discuss candidate pathways linking P-IPV to child outcomes, as well as their implications for intervention. Articles were identified via key word searches of social science and medical databases and by inspection of reference lists of the most relevant articles, including recent reviews and meta-analyses. Articles were included if they addressed issues relevant to understanding the effects of P-IPV on child outcomes via six core pathways: maternal stress and mental illness, maternal-fetal attachment, maternal substance use, maternal nutritional intake, maternal antenatal health-care utilization, and infection. We also included articles relevant for linking these pathways to P-IPV interventions. We conclude that developing comprehensive P-IPV interventions that target immediate risk to the mother as well as long-term child outcomes via the candidate mediating pathways identified have significant potential to help reduce the global burden of P-IPV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aja Louise Murray
- Institute of Criminology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Daniela Kaiser
- Institute of Criminology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Sara Valdebenito
- Institute of Criminology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Claire Hughes
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Adriana Baban
- Department of Psychology, Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Asvini D Fernando
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Bernadette Madrid
- Child Protection Unit, University of the Philippines, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Catherine L Ward
- Department of Psychology and Safety and Violence Initiative, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Joseph Osafo
- Department of Psychology, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Michael Dunne
- School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - Susan Walker
- Caribbean Institute for Health Research, The University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Vo Van Thang
- Faculty of Public Health, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue, Vietnam
| | - Mark Tomlinson
- Department of Psychology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Manuel Eisner
- Institute of Criminology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Jamieson B. Exposure to Interpersonal Violence During Pregnancy and Its Association With Women's Prenatal Care Utilization: A Meta-Analytic Review. TRAUMA, VIOLENCE & ABUSE 2020; 21:904-921. [PMID: 30322355 DOI: 10.1177/1524838018806511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Inadequate prenatal care utilization has been proposed as a mechanism between exposure to violence during pregnancy and adverse maternal and fetal obstetric outcomes. Adequate prenatal care is important for identifying and treating obstetric complications as they arise and connecting pregnant women to supports and interventions as needed. There is some evidence that pregnant women experiencing relational violence may delay or never enter prenatal care, though this association has not been systematically or quantitatively synthesized. The present meta-analysis investigates the relationship between interpersonal violence during pregnancy and inadequate prenatal care utilization across two dimensions: (1) no prenatal care during gestation (k = 9) and (2) delayed entry into prenatal care (k = 25). Studies were identified via comprehensive search of 9 social science and health-related databases and relevant reference lists. Studies were included if (1) participants were human, (2) violence occurred in the context of an interpersonal relationship, (3) abuse occurred during pregnancy (including abuse within 12 months before the time of assessment during pregnancy), (4) the study was empirical, peer-reviewed, and included quantitative data, (5) prenatal care utilization data were available, (6) they were in English, and (7) they were not part of an intervention study. Results from random-effects models found that women abused during pregnancy were more likely to never enter care (odds ratio [OR] = 2.62, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [1.55, 4.42]) or to delay care (OR = 1.81, 95% CI [1.48, 2.23]). Sociodemographic, abuse-related, and methodological factors emerged as moderators. Practice, policy, and research implications are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brittany Jamieson
- Department of Psychology, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Davis EP, Narayan AJ. Pregnancy as a period of risk, adaptation, and resilience for mothers and infants. Dev Psychopathol 2020; 32:1625-1639. [PMID: 33427164 PMCID: PMC7863987 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579420001121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The pregnancy period represents a unique window of opportunity to identify risks to both the fetus and mother and to deter the intergenerational transmission of adversity and mental health problems. Although the maternal-fetal dyad is especially vulnerable to the effects of stress during pregnancy, less is known about how the dyad is also receptive to salutary, resilience-promoting influences. The present review adopts life span and intergenerational perspectives to review four key areas of research. The first part describes how pregnancy is a sensitive period for both the mother and fetus. In the second part, the focus is on antecedents of maternal prenatal risks pertaining to prenatal stress response systems and mental health. The third part then turns to elucidating how these alterations in prenatal stress physiology and mental health problems may affect infant and child outcomes. The fourth part underscores how pregnancy is also a time of heightened fetal receptivity to maternal and environmental signals, with profound implications for adaptation. This section also reviews empirical evidence of promotive and protective factors that buffer the mother and fetus from developmental and adaptational problems and covers a sample of rigorous evidence-based prenatal interventions that prevent maladaptation in the maternal-fetal dyad before babies are born. Finally, recommendations elaborate on how to further strengthen understanding of pregnancy as a period of multilevel risk and resilience, enhance comprehensive prenatal screening, and expand on prenatal interventions to promote maternal-fetal adaptation before birth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elysia Poggi Davis
- Department of Psychology, University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Khan MMA, Mustagir MG, Islam MR, Kaikobad MS, Khan HT. Exploring the association between adverse maternal circumstances and low birth weight in neonates: a nationwide population-based study in Bangladesh. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e036162. [PMID: 33109640 PMCID: PMC7592295 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-036162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study is concerned with helping to improve the health and care of newborn babies in Bangladesh by exploring adverse maternal circumstances and assessing whether these are contributing towards low birth weight (LBW) in neonates. STUDY DESIGNS AND SETTINGS Data were drawn and analysed from the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey, 2014. Any association between LBW and adverse maternal circumstances were assessed using a Chi-square test with determinants of LBW identified by multivariate logistic regression analysis. PARTICIPANTS The study is based on 4728 children aged below 5 years and born to women from selected households. RESULTS The rate of LBW was around 19.9% (199 per 1000 live births) with the highest level found in the Sylhet region (26.2%). The rate was even higher in rural areas (20.8%) and among illiterate mothers (26.6%). Several adverse maternal circumstances of the women included in the survey were found to be significant for increasing the likelihood of giving birth to LBW babies. These circumstances included the women being underweight (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 1.26, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.49); having unwanted births (AOR 1.22, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.44); had previous pregnancies terminated (AOR 1.28, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.57); were victims of intimate partner violence (AOR 1.23, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.45) and taking antenatal care <4 times (AOR 1.23, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.48). Other important risk factors that were revealed included age at birth <18 years (AOR 1.42, 95% CI 1.11 to 1.83) and intervals between the number of births <24 months (AOR 1.25, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.55). When taking multiple fertility behaviours together such as, the ages of the women at birth (<18 years with interval <24 months (AOR 1.26, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.57) and birth order (>3 with interval <24 months (AOR 1.68, 95% CI 1.18 to 2.37), then the risk of having LBW babies significantly increased. CONCLUSION This study finds that adverse maternal circumstances combined with high-risk fertility behaviours are significantly associated with LBW in neonates. This situation could severely impede progress in Bangladesh towards achieving the sustainable development goal concerned with the healthcare of newborns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md Mostaured Ali Khan
- Department of Population Science and Human Resource Development, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
- MEL and Research, Practical Action, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Md Golam Mustagir
- Department of Population Science and Human Resource Development, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Md Rafiqul Islam
- Department of Population Science and Human Resource Development, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Md Sharif Kaikobad
- Department of Population Science and Human Resource Development, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Hafiz Ta Khan
- Professor of Public Health & Statistics, College of Nursing, Midwifery and Healthcare, University of West London, Brentford TW8 9GB, UK
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Women's Experiences of Domestic Violence during Pregnancy: A Qualitative Research in Greece. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17197069. [PMID: 32992596 PMCID: PMC7579452 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17197069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This qualitative research is the second part of a quantitative research that aims at recording the phenomenon of violence in pregnancy. The first part was carried out during August and September 2009 (N = 546). It was found out that the rate partner’s violence was 6%, while for 3.4% of the pregnant women, abuse started after the pregnancy. In the second part of this research, the semi-structured interview was used to investigate the way pregnant women experience violence. The sample comprised seven women abused by their partner (Ν = 7) at the women’s shelters of “Mitera” Babies’ Center and the National Social Solidarity Center between September 2010 and December 2011 and who accepted to participate in the research. The targets of the research were the investigation of the risk factors for the manifestation of violence, the profile of the victim and the perpetrator, the consequences of abuse for the woman, her reproductive health and the fetus. The majority of the abused pregnant women were foreigners and only two were Greek. The latter had experienced severe traumas (physical and psychological) since their childhood. Violence in their lives is the main characteristic of the foreign women seeking a better life in Greece, too. Alcohol use or abuse by the partners, poor socioeconomic background of the mothers and their partners, and pregnancy per se are the main risk factors of the violence against women in this period of their lives. Violence resulted in miscarriage in one case, while abortion was the alternative chosen by another as a solution to social exclusion and possible domestic violence. Anxiety and despair were the main psychological consequences. The small number of women included in the collection of qualitative data is a limitation for the research and decreases the reliability index of its results.
Collapse
|
23
|
Ragavan M, Iyengar K. Violence Perpetrated by Mothers-in-Law in Northern India: Perceived Frequency, Acceptability, and Options for Survivors. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2020; 35:3308-3330. [PMID: 29294754 DOI: 10.1177/0886260517708759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In India, physical and psychological abuse perpetrated by a mother-in-law against a daughter-in-law is well documented. However, there is a dearth of literature exploring the perceived frequency and acceptability of mother-in-law abuse or options available for survivors of this type of abuse. The goal of this qualitative study was to add to the in-law abuse literature by exploring men's and women's perspectives about physical and psychological abuse perpetrated by mothers-in-law against daughters-in-law in northern India. Forty-four women and 34 men residing in rural and urban areas of the Udaipur district in the northwest state of Rajasthan participated in semistructured interviews. Women, but not men, thought mother-in-law abuse was common in their communities. Psychological abuse was accepted in certain situations; however, few male or female participants agreed with physical mother-in-law abuse. Men were described as mediators in the context of mother-in-law abuse, and male participants thought that disrespecting a mother-in-law was a justifiable reason for a man to hit his wife. Both male and female participants described few options available for a woman experiencing mother-in-law abuse, apart from asking her husband to intervene or living as a separate, nuclear family. Grassroots initiatives and legislative policy should focus on addressing the immediate needs of women experiencing mother-in-law abuse and developing intergenerational interventions to educate men and women about the dynamics of law abuse.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kirti Iyengar
- Action Research and Training for Health, Udaipur, India
- Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
The long shadow of violence: The impact of exposure to intimate partner violence in infancy and early childhood. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF APPLIED PSYCHOANALYTIC STUDIES 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/aps.1668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
25
|
Kirk L, Bezzant K. What barriers prevent health professionals screening women for domestic abuse? A literature review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 29:754-760. [PMID: 32649247 DOI: 10.12968/bjon.2020.29.13.754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Domestic abuse is known to affect one in four women (although it is difficult to quantify) and has significant short- and long-term health implications. As people who often have regular contact with women in a variety of circumstances, including routine appointments, health professionals, particularly nurses and midwives, are in an ideal position to screen women for domestic abuse. However, it is recognised that there is a reluctance by some health professionals to undertake this important role. AIM To identify the potential barriers preventing health professionals from screening women for domestic abuse and to consider how these barriers could be overcome. METHOD A literature review of electronic databases using predetermined search terms and inclusion/exclusion criteria was undertaken. Seven studies were identified for review, consisting of five qualitative and two quantitative pieces of research. CONCLUSION Several barriers to screening by health professionals were identified, including lack of training, education, time, privacy, guidelines, policies and support from the employer, with the most prevalent of these being a lack of training and education. Further research is required, specifically within the UK, to provide more details about how these barriers might be addressed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leah Kirk
- A Postgraduate MSc Top-Up Student at the University of Southampton and is now a Midwifery Lecturer, University of Central Lancashire, Preston
| | - Kim Bezzant
- Independent Nurse Teacher, South East England
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Chen J, Walters ML, Gilbert LK, Patel N. Sexual Violence, Stalking, and Intimate Partner Violence by Sexual Orientation, United States. PSYCHOLOGY OF VIOLENCE 2020; 10:110-119. [PMID: 32064141 DOI: 10.1037/vio0000252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this study is to assess the prevalence of sexual violence, stalking, and intimate partner violence (IPV) across sexual orientation groups among U.S. adults. METHOD From 2010 to 2012, national probability samples (n = 41,174) of English- or Spanish-speaking noninstitutionalized U.S. adults were interviewed to assess the prevalence of violence and injury as part of the National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey. National estimates across sexual orientation groups were compared. RESULTS Compared with heterosexual women, both bisexual women and lesbians experienced more contact sexual violence (CSV) and noncontact unwanted sexual violence by any perpetrator. In addition, bisexual women experienced more stalking by any perpetrator, IPV, and IPV-related impact than did heterosexual women. Compared with lesbians, bisexual women reported more CSV and stalking by any perpetrator, IPV, and IPV-related impact. Compared with heterosexual men, both bisexual and gay men experienced more CSV and noncontact unwanted sexual violence, and gay men experienced more stalking. Although there were no detected statistically significant differences in the prevalence of IPV overall, gay men did report more IPV-related impacts compared with heterosexual men. CONCLUSION Results reveal a significantly elevated burden of violence experienced by certain sexual minorities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jieru Chen
- National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Mikel L Walters
- National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Leah K Gilbert
- National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Nimesh Patel
- National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Cohodes EM, Gee DG, Lieberman AF. Associations between prenatal substance exposure, prenatal violence victimization, unintended pregnancy, and trauma exposure in childhood in a clinical setting. Infant Ment Health J 2019; 40:786-798. [DOI: 10.1002/imhj.21815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alicia F. Lieberman
- Child Trauma Research ProgramDepartment of PsychiatryUniversity of California San Francisco California
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Mueller I, Tronick E. Early Life Exposure to Violence: Developmental Consequences on Brain and Behavior. Front Behav Neurosci 2019; 13:156. [PMID: 31338031 PMCID: PMC6629780 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2019.00156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to intimate partner violence (IPV) can have long-lasting effects on a child's socio-emotional and neurological development. Research has focused on the effects of IPV on women or older children, while the developmental consequences of exposure to domestic violence during early childhood are less well documented. However, one would expect significant developmental effects since the infant's brain and stress-related systems are especially susceptible to environmental stimuli. The goal of this mini-review is to examine how findings on infant exposure to IPV can be related to risk and resilience of development in infancy. We describe the known effects of witnessing violence during the perinatal period on socio-emotional development and the possible pathways by which IPV affects brain and stress-regulating systems. Exposure to IPV during infancy disrupts the infant's emotional and cognitive development, the development of the Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis and brain structures related to witnessing itself (auditory and visual cortex). The findings are embedded in the context of the resource depletion hypothesis. A central problem is the dearth of research on exposure to IPV during infancy, its effect on caregiving, and infant development. Nonetheless, the available evidence makes it clear that policies for prevention of IPV are critically needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Mueller
- Developmental and Brain Sciences Program, Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ed Tronick
- Developmental and Brain Sciences Program, Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Newborn Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Reid S, Katan A, Ellithy A, Della Stua R, Denisov EV. The Perfect Storm: Mapping the Life Course Trajectories of Serial Killers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OFFENDER THERAPY AND COMPARATIVE CRIMINOLOGY 2019; 63:1621-1662. [PMID: 30924386 DOI: 10.1177/0306624x19838683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Since the 1970s, scholars have produced a large body of research attempting to establish the mechanisms by which sexual serial killers come to arrive at a life of repeat fatal violence. From the standpoint of developmental psychology, however, the explanations offered are far too limited in scope. Human development is the product of complex reciprocal transactions that occur between an individual and their environment throughout their life span. This present study is meant to encourage a critical reconsideration of past knowledge (mainly static traits) in favor of the recognition of the complexity of human development. Using life span developmental psychology as a guiding framework, this study traces the developmental mechanisms that come together to shape the psychopathology that drives the motivations of sexual serial killers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sasha Reid
- 1 University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- 2 University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Egor V Denisov
- 4 National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Martin-de-las-Heras S, Velasco C, Luna-del-Castillo JDD, Khan KS. Maternal outcomes associated to psychological and physical intimate partner violence during pregnancy: A cohort study and multivariate analysis. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0218255. [PMID: 31194820 PMCID: PMC6564538 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a public health problem that affects millions of women worldwide and can occur during both pregnancy and the perinatal period. We aimed to evaluate if the experience of psychological and physical intimate partner violence (IPV) adversely affects pregnancy outcomes. We established a cohort of 779 consecutive mothers receiving antenatal care including ultrasound and giving birth in 15 public hospitals, drawn using cluster sampling of all obstetric services in Andalusia, Spain (February-June 2010). Trained midwives gathered IPV data using the Index of Spouse Abuse validated in the Spanish language (score ranges: 0-100, higher scores reflect more severe IPV; cut-offs: physical IPV = 10, psychological IPV = 25). Socio-demographic data, including lack of kin support, maternal outcomes, and hospitalization were collected. Multivariate logistic regression estimated adjusted odds ratios (AOR), with 95% confidence intervals (CI), of the relationship between psychological and physical IPV and maternal outcomes, controlling for socio-demographic characteristics. Response rate was 92.2%. Psychological IPV, reported by 21.0% (n = 151), was associated significantly with urinary tract infection (127 (23%) vs 56 (37%); AOR = 1.9; 95%CI = 1.2-3.0), vaginal infection (30 (5%) vs 20 (13%); AOR = 2.4; 95%CI = 1.2-4.7) and spontaneous preterm labour (32 (6%) vs 19 (13%); AOR = 2.2; 95%CI = 1.1-4.5). Physical IPV, reported by 3.6% (n = 26), was associated with antenatal hospitalizations (134 (19%) vs 11 (42%); AOR = 2.6; 95%CI = 1.0-7.1). Lack of kin support was associated with spontaneous preterm labour (AOR = 4.7; 95%CI = 1.7-12.8). Mothers with IPV have higher odds of complications. Obstetricians, gynaecologists and midwives should act as active screeners, particularly of the undervalued psychological IPV, to reduce or remedy its effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Casilda Velasco
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Jaen, Jaen, Spain
| | | | - Khalid S. Khan
- Women’s Health Research Unit, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Kita S, Umeshita K, Tobe H, Hayashi M, Kamibeppu K. Intimate Partner Violence, Negative Attitudes Toward Pregnancy, and Mother-to-Fetus Bonding Failure Among Japanese Pregnant Women. VIOLENCE AND VICTIMS 2019; 34:536-547. [PMID: 31171733 DOI: 10.1891/0886-6708.vv-d-18-00093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We examined the associations between intimate partner violence (IPV) before and during pregnancy, negative attitudes toward pregnancy, and mother-to-fetus bonding. Participants were 636 pregnant women in the third trimester, who completed the Mother-to-Infant Bonding Scale, Violence Against Women Screen, and ad hoc questions (for IPV before pregnancy, negative attitudes, and demographics). We found association between IPV during pregnancy and mother-to-fetus bonding failure was mediated by negative attitudes toward pregnancy in the third trimester. IPV before pregnancy was associated with negative attitudes at the beginning of pregnancy, which predicted negative attitudes in the third trimester and mother-to-fetus bonding failure. Careful assessments and psychological interventions are needed to reduce negative attitudes toward pregnancy among abused women in antenatal health settings to prevent mother-to-fetus bonding failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sachiko Kita
- Department of Family Nursing, Division of Health Sciences & Nursing and Department of Health Quality and Outcome Research, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kaori Umeshita
- Department of Family Nursing, Division of Health Sciences & Nursing and Department of Health Quality and Outcome Research, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiromi Tobe
- Department of Family Nursing, Division of Health Sciences & Nursing and Department of Health Quality and Outcome Research, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mayu Hayashi
- Department of Family Nursing, Division of Health Sciences & Nursing and Department of Health Quality and Outcome Research, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyoko Kamibeppu
- Department of Family Nursing, Division of Health Sciences & Nursing and Department of Health Quality and Outcome Research, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Oga EA, Peters EN, Mark K, Trocin K, Coleman-Cowger VH. Prenatal Substance Use and Perceptions of Parent and Partner Use Using the 4P's Plus Screener. Matern Child Health J 2019; 23:250-257. [PMID: 30523484 DOI: 10.1007/s10995-018-2647-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Background Prenatal substance use screening is recommended. The 4 P's Plus screener includes questions on perceived problematic substance use in parents and partner that are not considered in risk stratification. Objectives This research examined the: (1) prevalence of self-reported problematic parental and partner substance use and associations with biochemically-verified prenatal substance use; (2) utility of self-reported perceptions of parent/partner substance use as proxies for prenatal substance use; and (3) degree to which the sensitivity of the 4P's Plus can be augmented with consideration of parent/partner questions in risk stratification. Methods A convenience sample of 500 pregnant women was recruited between January 2017 and January 2018. Participants completed the 4P's Plus and provided urine for drug testing. Diagnostic utility of problematic parent/partner substance use questions was assessed, then compared to the 4P's Plus used as designed, and to the 4P's Plus used with these 2 questions included in risk stratification. Results Half (51%) of respondents reported either partner or parental problematic substance use. When partner or parent problematic substance use were considered as proxies for prenatal substance use, sensitivity was 65% and specificity was 55%. When used as intended, sensitivity was 94% and specificity was 29%. Including partner/parent questions increased sensitivity to 96% but lowered specificity (19%). Partner substance use and combined partner/parent use were associated with prenatal substance use [adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 2.0 (1.2, 2.4; p = 0.006); aOR = 1.6 (1.1, 2.5, p = 0.04)]. Conclusions for Practice Sensitivity of the 4P's Plus may improve with inclusion of self-reported problematic partner/parent substance use items in risk stratification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel A Oga
- Research Triangle Institute, 6110 Executive Boulevard, Suite 900, Rockville, MD, 20852, USA. .,Battelle Memorial Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | | | - Katrina Mark
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kathleen Trocin
- Battelle Memorial Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA.,CommunicateHealth, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Victoria H Coleman-Cowger
- Battelle Memorial Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA.,University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,The Emmes Corporation, Rockville, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Thomas JL, Lewis JB, Martinez I, Cunningham SD, Siddique M, Tobin JN, Ickovics JR. Associations between intimate partner violence profiles and mental health among low-income, urban pregnant adolescents. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2019; 19:120. [PMID: 31023259 PMCID: PMC6485079 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-019-2256-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Intimate partner violence (IPV) during pregnancy is associated with adverse maternal and child health outcomes, including poor mental health. Previous IPV research has largely focused on women’s victimization experiences; however, evidence suggests young women may be more likely to engage in bilateral violence (report both victimization and perpetration) or perpetrate IPV (unilateral perpetration) during pregnancy than to report being victimized (unilateral victimization). This study examined prevalence of unilateral victimization, unilateral perpetration, and bilateral violence, and the association between these IPV profiles and mental health outcomes during pregnancy among young, low-income adolescents. Methods Survey data were collected from 930 adolescents (14–21 years; 95.4% Black and Latina) from fourteen Community Health Centers and hospitals in New York City during second and third trimester of pregnancy. Multivariable regression models tested the association between IPV profiles and prenatal depression, anxiety, and distress, adjusting for known predictors of psychological morbidity. Results Thirty-eight percent of adolescents experienced IPV during their third trimester of pregnancy. Of these, 13% were solely victims, 35% were solely perpetrators, and 52% were engaged in bilateral violence. All women with violent IPV profiles had significantly higher odds of having depression and anxiety compared to individuals reporting no IPV. Adolescents experiencing bilateral violence had nearly 4-fold higher odds of depression (OR = 3.52, 95% CI: 2.43, 5.09) and a nearly 5-fold increased likelihood of anxiety (OR = 4.98, 95% CI: 3.29, 7.55). Unilateral victims and unilateral perpetrators were also at risk for adverse mental health outcomes, with risk of depression and anxiety two- to three-fold higher, compared to pregnant adolescents who report no IPV. Prenatal distress was higher among adolescents who experienced bilateral violence (OR = 2.84, 95% CI: 1.94, 4.16) and those who were unilateral victims (OR = 2.21, 95% CI: 1.19, 4.12). Conclusions All violent IPV profiles were associated with adverse mental health outcomes among pregnant adolescents, with bilateral violence having the most detrimental associations. Comprehensive IPV screening for both victimization and perpetration experiences during pregnancy is warranted. Clinical and community prevention efforts should target pregnant adolescents and their partners to reduce their vulnerability to violence and its adverse consequences. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT00628771. Registered 29 February 2008.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jordan L Thomas
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | - Jonathan N Tobin
- Clinical Directors Network (CDN), New York, NY, USA.,The Rockefeller University Center for Clinical and Translational Science, New York, NY, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Narayan AJ, Hagan MJ, Cohodes E, Rivera LM, Lieberman AF. Early Childhood Victimization and Physical Intimate Partner Violence During Pregnancy: A Developmental and Person-Oriented Approach. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2019; 34:3-26. [PMID: 27044489 DOI: 10.1177/0886260516639261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization during pregnancy is a major public health concern, yet little is known about how risk factors for IPV during pregnancy may depend on whether women have histories of victimization dating back to early childhood (ages 0-5 years). This study examined whether risk factors for physical IPV victimization during pregnancy (a pregnancy that was not planned and prenatal substance use) differed for women with versus without early childhood victimization. Participants were 236 ethnically diverse, low-income biological mothers ( M = 30.94 years; 50.0% Latina, 16.9% Caucasian, 13.1% African American, and 16.9% multiracial) of children aged 0 to 6 years. Mothers were classified into four groups based on whether they had experienced early childhood victimization and physical IPV victimization during pregnancy with the target child. Multinomial logistic regressions, controlling for demographic characteristics, examined whether a pregnancy not planned and prenatal substance use predicted group membership. Compared to mothers with early victimization only, mothers with both early childhood victimization and physical IPV during pregnancy were more than 3 times as likely to report that their pregnancy with the target child was not planned. In follow-up analyses, mothers with early victimization and physical IPV during pregnancy also reported higher lifetime parity than mothers with physical IPV during pregnancy but no early victimization. Early childhood victimization may place women on a risk pathway to physical IPV during pregnancy, particularly if the pregnancy is not planned. Prevention and policy efforts should screen women for early childhood victimization to understand risks for physical IPV during pregnancy.
Collapse
|
35
|
Sharman LS, Douglas H, Price E, Sheeran N, Dingle GA. Associations Between Unintended Pregnancy, Domestic Violence, and Sexual Assault in a Population of Queensland Women. PSYCHIATRY, PSYCHOLOGY, AND LAW : AN INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL OF THE AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND ASSOCIATION OF PSYCHIATRY, PSYCHOLOGY AND LAW 2018; 26:541-552. [PMID: 31984095 PMCID: PMC6763209 DOI: 10.1080/13218719.2018.1510347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to establish the proportion of women seeking information regarding unintended pregnancy in the context of domestic violence (DV) and/or sexual assault (SA) experiences in Queensland. Mental health, sociodemographic variables, and gestation at first and repeated contacts were examined for 6249 women primarily seeking information regarding abortion options during an unintended pregnancy over the 5-year period from July 2012 to June 2017. Reports of DV and SA and associations with mental health issues increased significantly across the 5 years. First contact rates of disclosure were 12.2% for DV and 3% for SA, and higher among repeat contacts (38.1% for DV and 14.1% for SA), with recurring contact facilitating violence disclosure. Restricting access to abortions in the context of violence impedes a woman's agency in attempts to separate from violence and highlights the need for safe, supportive, and accessible services, to assist in screening and assisting with violence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leah S. Sharman
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Heather Douglas
- T.C.Beirne School of Law, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Nicola Sheeran
- School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Mount Gravatt, QLD, Australia
| | - Genevieve A. Dingle
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Morgan IA, Robbins CL, Basile KC. Addressing Intimate Partner Violence to Improve Women's Preconception Health. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2018; 27:1189-1194. [PMID: 30325291 PMCID: PMC10985540 DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2018.7366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to violence can harm women's overall health and well-being. Data suggest that one in three women in the United States experience some form of violence by an intimate partner in their lifetime. In this commentary, we describe the implications of intimate partner violence (IPV) on women's health, specifically for women of reproductive age. We use a life-course perspective to describe the compounded impact of IPV on preconception health. Preconception health generally refers to the overall health and well-being of women (and men) before pregnancy. This report also discusses primary prevention of IPV and healthcare recommendations, and highlights surveillance systems that capture IPV indicators among women of reproductive age. Ongoing collection of state-level surveillance data may inform the implementation of intervention programs tailored to reproductive age women at risk for IPV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabel A Morgan
- 1 Division of Reproductive Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Atlanta, Georgia
- 2 Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) , Oak Ridge, Tennessee
| | - Cheryl L Robbins
- 1 Division of Reproductive Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Kathleen C Basile
- 3 Division of Violence Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Atlanta, Georgia
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Wennerstrom A, Haywood C, Wallace M, Sugarman M, Walker A, Bonner T, Sutton Y, Keller BL, Lewis M, Springgate B, Theall K. Creating Safe Spaces: A Community Health Worker-Academic Partnered Approach to Addressing Intimate Partner Violence. Ethn Dis 2018; 28:317-324. [PMID: 30202184 DOI: 10.18865/ed.28.s2.317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a persistent public health problem in the United States, with an estimated one in three women experiencing rape, physical violence, and/or stalking by an intimate partner within her lifetime. Non-Hispanic Black women disproportionately experience IPV, but there has been limited success in implementing culturally appropriate prevention programs and services for members of this population. Community health workers (CHWs) are trusted members of under-resourced communities who provide reliable health information and improve the cultural appropriateness of service delivery and may be a vital resource for developing new IPV interventions. Guided by the principles of community partnered participatory research, we developed the CHW-led Safe Spaces project, which aimed to establish a strong academic-community partnership to focus on issues related to experiences of IPV and the prevention of IPV in New Orleans. In this article, we describe the development of our partnership including the formation of an advisory board, creation of a broad-based stakeholder coalition, offering a community partnered participatory research training, conducting IPV education and outreach, and establishing a research agenda. Our processes are replicable and lessons learned may be relevant to other groups seeking to address IPV by leveraging the strengths of community-academic collaborations and CHWs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maeve Wallace
- Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA
| | | | - Ashlee Walker
- Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA
| | | | - Yana Sutton
- Kali Red's Initiative: Take Back Your Life Foundation, New Orleans, LA
| | | | - Marva Lewis
- Tulane University School of Social Work, New Orleans, LA
| | | | - Katherine Theall
- Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Tabb KM, Valdovinos MG. Experiencing Health Services Research in the Global South: A Collaborative Autoethnography of Two Social Work Researchers. GLOBAL SOCIAL WELFARE : RESEARCH, POLICY & PRACTICE 2018; 6:189-198. [PMID: 32864295 PMCID: PMC7451202 DOI: 10.1007/s40609-018-0124-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Maternal health services research yields the potential to improve global health outcomes across countries. Many of the low-cost and effective clinical innovations to improve maternal mental health outcomes are implemented in the Global South. However, there remains a lack of collaboration from the Global South to the Global North. In this qualitative narrative, we use a collaborative autoethnographical approach to describe a doctoral training health services research experience between North America and South America. In this paper, we describe the ways power and privilege manifest in a South American research training program and our particular positionality as North American women of color. We will also describe the role of cultural humility and awareness of colonization as it translates to research training across the North and South. In conclusion, we will share lessons learned in forming skills to establish partnerships and where our maternal health collaboration aims to continue to build mutual collaboration across countries.
Collapse
|
39
|
Alhusen JL, Geller R, Jellig J, Budhathoki C, Decker M. Intimate Partner Violence, Small for Gestational Age Birth and Cigarette Smoking in the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2018; 27:458-465. [PMID: 28841089 PMCID: PMC5905850 DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2017.6322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to intimate partner violence (IPV) in the perinatal period is associated with obstetric complications, poor maternal mental health, neonatal complications, and increased risk of infant mortality and morbidity. Less is known about how IPV may influence small for gestational age (SGA) birth. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data were obtained for 231,081 United States mothers who delivered neonates from 2004 to 2011 and completed the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System survey 2-9 months after delivery. Weighted descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression models were used. RESULTS IPV in the year before or during pregnancy was related to SGA bivariately (odds ratio 1.39, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.28, 1.51), and after adjustment for demographic and obstetric factors, this association attenuated after further adjustment for perinatal smoking patterns, (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.06, 95% CI 0.97, 1.15). Compared with nonabused women, women experiencing perinatal IPV were more than twice as likely to smoke before pregnancy (aOR 2.34, 95% CI 2.19, 2.49), and nearly 1.5 times as likely to report sustained smoking into the last 3 months of pregnancy (aOR 1.45, 95% CI 1.32, 1.59). In turn, among prepregnancy smokers, sustained smoking was associated with delivery of a SGA neonate (aOR 1.87, 95% CI 1.72, 2.03), fully attenuating the association of perinatal IPV with SGA. CONCLUSION Women who experienced perinatal IPV were significantly more likely to smoke prepregnancy and sustain smoking into the last 3 months of pregnancy. Through behavioral and physiological pathways, smoking cessation may be uniquely challenging for women experiencing IPV, yet critical to address clinically to mitigate risk for SGA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ruth Geller
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jerry Jellig
- Graduate School of Education, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Michele Decker
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Antenatal depressive symptoms in Jamaica associated with limited perceived partner and other social support: A cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0194338. [PMID: 29554107 PMCID: PMC5858785 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Antenatal depression is associated with adverse maternal and infant well-being. However, compared to postpartum depression, it has been less frequently explored globally or in Jamaica. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of, and factors associated with, antenatal depressive symptoms among Jamaican women in order to inform policy and build interventions that could improve their management and reduce their negative consequences. Methods This secondary analysis of data from the second Jamaican Birth Cohort Study (JA-Kids Birth Cohort) included 3,517 women enrolled during pregnancy. Information was extracted from interviewer-administered questionnaires which recorded social, demographic, medical and obstetric information during pregnancy. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression scale (EPDS) was used to screen for depression, with scores ≥13 considered indicative of a high likelihood of depression. Bivariate analysis examined associations between depressive symptoms and: age, income, financial difficulties, perceived social support, perceived partner infidelity, previous child-bearing unions and children with the current partner. Obstetric factors were also explored and included gravidity, prior adverse pregnancy outcome and complications from previous pregnancies. Variables that predicted the likelihood of depression based on an EPDS cut score of 13 were evaluated using logistic regression. Results One in five participants (19.6%; 95% CI 18.3–20.9%) had a high likelihood of antenatal depression (EPDS ≥13). Significant predictors of high depressive symptom severity included four indicators of poor perceived social and partner support [ORs (95% CI) ranged from: 1.61 (1.07–2.43); p = 0.024 to 3.14(1.69–5.84); p< 0.001], perceived partner infidelity [1.86 (1.36, 2.54); p<0.001], exposure to violence [2.36 (1.66–3.38); p<0.001] and financial difficulties [1.39 (1.07, 1.80); p = 0.013]. Conclusions Women’s perceived social and partner support were strongly associated with depressive symptom severity. Within the Jamaican cultural context of unstable reproductive unions, efforts are needed to involve fathers in the antenatal care process to strategically improve the psychological well-being of new mothers which may positively influence long term developmental outcomes for their babies.
Collapse
|
41
|
Ayala Quintanilla BP, Pollock WE, McDonald SJ, Taft AJ. Impact of violence against women on severe acute maternal morbidity in the intensive care unit, including neonatal outcomes: a case-control study protocol in a tertiary healthcare facility in Lima, Peru. BMJ Open 2018; 8:e020147. [PMID: 29540421 PMCID: PMC5857655 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-020147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Preventing and reducing violence against women (VAW) and maternal mortality are Sustainable Development Goals. Worldwide, the maternal mortality ratio has fallen about 44% in the last 25 years, and for one maternal death there are many women affected by severe acute maternal morbidity (SAMM) requiring management in the intensive care unit (ICU). These women represent the most critically ill obstetric patients of the maternal morbidity spectrum and should be studied to complement the review of maternal mortality. VAW has been associated with all-cause maternal deaths, and since many women (30%) endure violence usually exerted by their intimate partners and this abuse can be severe during pregnancy, it is important to determine whether it impacts SAMM. Thus, this study aims to investigate the impact of VAW on SAMM in the ICU. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This will be a prospective case-control study undertaken in a tertiary healthcare facility in Lima-Peru, with a sample size of 109 cases (obstetric patients admitted to the ICU) and 109 controls (obstetric patients not admitted to the ICU selected by systematic random sampling). Data on social determinants, medical and obstetric characteristics, VAW, pregnancy and neonatal outcome will be collected through interviews and by extracting information from the medical records using a pretested form. Main outcome will be VAW rate and neonatal mortality rate between cases and controls. VAW will be assessed by using the WHO instrument. Binary logistic followed by stepwise multivariate regression and goodness of fit test will assess any association between VAW and SAMM. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approval has been granted by the La Trobe University, Melbourne-Australia and the tertiary healthcare facility in Lima-Peru. This research follows the WHO ethical and safety recommendations for research on VAW. Findings will be presented at conferences and published in peer-reviewed journals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Paulina Ayala Quintanilla
- The Judith Lumley Centre, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Mercy Hospital for Women, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Peruvian National Institute of Health, Lima, Peru
| | - Wendy E Pollock
- The Judith Lumley Centre, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Mercy Hospital for Women, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Susan J McDonald
- The Judith Lumley Centre, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Mercy Hospital for Women, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Angela J Taft
- The Judith Lumley Centre, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Tabb KM, Huang H, Valdovinos M, Toor R, Ostler T, Vanderwater E, Wang Y, Menezes PR, Faisal-Cury A. Intimate Partner Violence Is Associated with Suicidality Among Low-Income Postpartum Women. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2018; 27:171-178. [DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2016.6077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Karen M. Tabb
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, School of Social Work, Urbana, Illinois
- Identifying Depression through Early Assessment (IDEA) Research Team, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Hsiang Huang
- Identifying Depression through Early Assessment (IDEA) Research Team, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
- Department of Psychiatry, Cambridge Health Alliance, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry and LIM-23, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Miriam Valdovinos
- University of Connecticut, School of Social Work, West Hartford, Connecticut
| | - Raman Toor
- University of Washington Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Seattle, Washington
| | - Teresa Ostler
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, School of Social Work, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Erin Vanderwater
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, School of Social Work, Urbana, Illinois
- Identifying Depression through Early Assessment (IDEA) Research Team, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Yang Wang
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, School of Social Work, Urbana, Illinois
- Identifying Depression through Early Assessment (IDEA) Research Team, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Paulo Rossi Menezes
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology LIM-39, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Faisal-Cury
- Identifying Depression through Early Assessment (IDEA) Research Team, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology LIM-39, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Rafael RDMR, Moura ATMSD. Severe intimate partner physical violence as a risk factor for inadequate cervical cancer screening. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2017; 33:e00074216. [PMID: 29267680 DOI: 10.1590/0102-311x00074216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
With the aim of assessing the occurrence of severe intimate partner physical violence as a risk factor for inadequate screening of uterine cervical cancer, a case-control study was performed with a multidimensional questionnaire in a sample of 640 users of the Family Health Strategy in the Municipality of Nova Iguaçu, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. Cases were defined as women who had not had a cervical cytology test in the previous three years. The results showed that severe physical violence against the woman (adjustedOR = 2.2; 95%CI: 1.1-4.4) and co-occurrence of the event in the couple (adjustedOR = 3.8; 95%CI: 1.4-9.8) were risk factors for inadequate screening. Alcohol abuse by the woman was an effect modifier for not having the test among victims of violence (adjustedOR = 10.2; 95%CI: 1.8-56.4) and in cases of co-occurrence of violence (adjustedOR = 8.5; 95%CI: 1.4-50.7). In addition to known causal factors for intimate partner violence, the results point to a risk association between women's exposure to abuse and inadequate screening. The findings call for an expanded view of women's absenteeism from screening, since this indicator can represent unmet demands not readily detected by health teams.
Collapse
|
44
|
Deshpande NA, Kucirka LM, Smith RN, Oxford CM. Pregnant trauma victims experience nearly 2-fold higher mortality compared to their nonpregnant counterparts. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2017; 217:590.e1-590.e9. [PMID: 28844826 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2017.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Revised: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trauma is the leading nonobstetric cause of death in women of reproductive age, and pregnant women in particular may be at increased risk of violent trauma. Management of trauma in pregnancy is complicated by altered maternal physiology, provider expertise, potential disparate imaging, and distorted anatomy. Little is known about the impact of trauma on maternal mortality. OBJECTIVE We sought to: (1) characterize nonviolent and violent trauma among pregnant women; (2) determine whether pregnancy is associated with increased mortality following traumatic injury; and (3) identify risk factors for trauma-related death in pregnant women. STUDY DESIGN We studied 1148 trauma events among pregnant girls and women and 43,608 trauma events among nonpregnant girls and women of reproductive age (14-49 years) who presented to any accredited trauma center in Pennsylvania for treatment of trauma-related injuries from 2005 through 2015, as captured in the Pennsylvania Trauma Outcome Study. Traumas were categorized as violent (eg, homicide or assault) or nonviolent (eg, motor vehicle accident or accidental fall). We used modified Poisson regression to estimate relative rate of trauma-related death, adjusting for demographic characteristics and severity of trauma. RESULTS Compared to nonpregnant women, pregnant women and girls had a lower injury severity score (8.9 vs 10.9, P < .001) and were significantly more likely to experience violent trauma (15.9% vs 9.8%, P < .001). Pregnant trauma victims had a 1.6-fold higher rate of mortality compared to their nonpregnant counterparts (P < .001), and were both more likely to be dead on arrival and to die during their hospital course (adjusted relative risk, 2.33, P < .001, and adjusted relative risk, 1.79, P = .004, respectively). Pregnancy was associated with increased mortality in both victims of nonviolent and violent trauma (adjusted relative risk, 1.69, P = .002, and adjusted relative risk, 1.60, P = .007, respectively). Pregnant trauma victims were less likely to undergo surgery (adjusted relative risk, 0.70, P = .001) and more likely to be transferred to another facility (adjusted relative risk, 1.72, P < .001). Even after adjusting for demographics and injury severity score, violent trauma was associated with 3.14-fold higher mortality in pregnant women and girls compared to nonviolent trauma (adjusted relative risk, 3.14, P = .003). CONCLUSION Pregnant women and girls are nearly twice as likely to die after trauma and twice as likely to experience violent trauma. Universal screening for violence and trauma during pregnancy may provide an opportunity to identify women at risk for death during pregnancy.
Collapse
|
45
|
Van Parys AS, Deschepper E, Roelens K, Temmerman M, Verstraelen H. The impact of a referral card-based intervention on intimate partner violence, psychosocial health, help-seeking and safety behaviour during pregnancy and postpartum: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2017; 17:346. [PMID: 28985722 PMCID: PMC6389099 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-017-1519-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We aimed to investigate the impact of a referral-based intervention in a prospective cohort of women disclosing intimate partner violence (IPV) on the prevalence of violence, and associated outcomes psychosocial health, help-seeking and safety behaviour during and after pregnancy. Methods Women seeking antenatal care in eleven Belgian hospitals were consecutively invited from June 2010 to October 2012, to participate in a single-blind randomized controlled trial (RCT) and handed a questionnaire. Participants willing to be interviewed and reporting IPV victimisation were randomised. In the Intervention Group (IG) participants received a referral card with contact details of services providing assistance and tips to increase safety behaviour. Participants in the Control Group (CG) received a “thank you” card. Follow-up data were obtained through telephone interview at an average of 10 months after receipt of the card. Results At follow-up (n = 189), 66.7% (n = 126) of the participants reported IPV victimisation. Over the study-period, the prevalence of IPV victimisation decreased by 31.4% (P < 0.001), psychosocial health increased significantly (5.4/140, P < 0.001), 23.8% (n = 46/193) of the women sought formal help, 70.5% (n = 136/193) sought informal help, and 31.3% (n = 60/192) took at least one safety measure. We observed no statistically significant differences between the IG and CG, however. Adjusted for psychosocial health at baseline, the perceived helpfulness of the referral card seemed to be larger in the IG. Both the questionnaire and the interview were perceived to be significantly more helpful than the referral card itself (P < 0.001). Conclusions Asking questions can be helpful even for types of IPV of low severity, although simply distributing a referral card may not qualify as the ideal intervention. Future interventions should be multifaceted, delineate different types of violence, controlling for measurement reactivity and designing a tailored intervention programme adjusted to the specific needs of couples experiencing IPV. Trial registration The trial was registered with the U.S. National Institutes of Health ClinicalTrials.gov registry on July 6, 2010 under identifier NCT01158690). Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12884-017-1519-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- An-Sofie Van Parys
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, International Centre for Reproductive Health, Ghent University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, De Pintelaan 185, UZP 114, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Ellen Deschepper
- Department of Public Health, Biostatistics Unit, Ghent University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, De Pintelaan 185, 3K3, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kristien Roelens
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, International Centre for Reproductive Health, Ghent University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, De Pintelaan 185, P4, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Marleen Temmerman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, International Centre for Reproductive Health, Ghent University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, De Pintelaan 185, P4, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Hans Verstraelen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, International Centre for Reproductive Health, Ghent University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, De Pintelaan 185, P4, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Islam MJ, Broidy L, Baird K, Mazerolle P. Intimate partner violence around the time of pregnancy and postpartum depression: The experience of women of Bangladesh. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0176211. [PMID: 28472056 PMCID: PMC5417480 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Intimate partner violence (IPV) around the time of pregnancy is a serious public health concern and is known to have an adverse effect on perinatal mental health. In order to craft appropriate and effective interventions, it is important to understand how the association between IPV and postpartum depression (PPD) may differ as a function of the type and timing of IPV victimization. Here we evaluate the influence of physical, sexual and psychological IPV before, during and after pregnancy on PPD. METHODS Cross-sectional survey data was collected between October 2015 and January 2016 in the Chandpur District of Bangladesh from 426 new mothers, aged 15-49 years, who were in the first six months postpartum. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to estimate the association between IPV and PPD, adjusted for socio-demographic, reproductive and psychosocial confounding factors. RESULTS Approximately 35.2% of women experienced PPD within the first six months following childbirth. Controlling for confounders, the odds of PPD was significantly greater among women who reported exposure to physical (AOR: 1.79, 95% CI [1.25, 3.43]), sexual (AOR: 2.25, 95% CI [1.14, 4.45]) or psychological (AOR: 6.92, 95% CI [1.71, 28.04]) IPV during pregnancy as opposed to those who did not. However, both before and after pregnancy, only physical IPV evidences a direct effect on PPD. Results highlight the mental health consequences of IPV for women of Bangladesh, as well as the influence of timing and type of IPV on PPD outcomes. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The findings confirm that exposure to IPV significantly increases the odds of PPD. The association is particularly strong for physical IPV during all periods and psychological IPV during pregnancy. Results reinforce the need to conduct routine screening during pregnancy to identify women with a history of IPV who may at risk for PPD and to offer them necessary support.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md. Jahirul Islam
- School of Criminology and Criminal Justice, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Ministry of Planning, Bangladesh Planning Commission, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Lisa Broidy
- School of Criminology and Criminal Justice, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Department of Sociology, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - Kathleen Baird
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Paul Mazerolle
- School of Criminology and Criminal Justice, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Alhusen JL, Geller R, Dreisbach C, Constantoulakis L, Siega-Riz AM. Intimate Partner Violence and Gestational Weight Gain in a Population-Based Sample of Perinatal Women. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs 2017; 46:390-402. [PMID: 28294945 PMCID: PMC5423819 DOI: 10.1016/j.jogn.2016.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the effects of intimate partner violence (IPV) at varied time points in the perinatal period on inadequate and excessive gestational weight gain. DESIGN Retrospective cohort using population-based secondary data. SETTING Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System and birth certificate data from New York City and 35 states. PARTICIPANTS Data were obtained for 251,342 U.S. mothers who gave birth from 2004 through 2011 and completed the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System survey 2 to 9 months after birth. METHODS The exposure was perinatal IPV, defined as experiencing physical abuse by a current or ex-partner in the year before or during pregnancy. Adequacy of gestational weight gain (GWG) was categorized using 2009 Institute of Medicine guidelines. Weighted descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression models were used. RESULTS Approximately 6% of participants reported perinatal IPV, 2.7% reported IPV in the year before pregnancy, 1.1% reported IPV during pregnancy only, and the remaining 2.5% reported IPV before and during pregnancy. Inadequate GWG was more prevalent among participants who experienced IPV during pregnancy and those who experienced IPV before and during pregnancy (23.3% and 23.5%, respectively) than in participants who reported no IPV (20.2%; p < .001). Participants who experienced IPV before pregnancy only were significantly more likely to have excessive GWG (p < .001). Results were attenuated in the multivariate modeling; only participants who experienced IPV before pregnancy had weakly significant odds of excessive GWG (adjusted odds ratio = 1.14, 95% CI [1.02, 1.26]). CONCLUSION The association between perinatal IPV and inadequate GWG was explained by confounding variables; however, women who reported perinatal IPV had greater rates of GWG outside the optimal range. Future studies are needed to determine how relevant confounding variables may affect a woman's GWG.
Collapse
|
48
|
Ragavan M, Bruce J, Bair-Merritt M, Lucha S, Maya-Silva J, Stebbins E, Chamberlain L. Building a Novel Health Curriculum for Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence Residing at a Transitional Housing Program. Violence Against Women 2017; 24:266-285. [DOI: 10.1177/1077801217697206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
We used a community-based participatory research approach to develop, implement, and evaluate one of the first health curricula for female intimate partner violence (IPV) survivors residing at a transitional housing program. The curriculum comprised 12 workshops that were developed based on the survivors’ experiences, needs, and interests. Evaluation participants included 20 of the 37 women who attended at least one workshop, 12 workshop facilitators, and two housing center staff. Participants found the curriculum to be engaging, interactive, and helpful in building a supportive community. Suggestions for curricular improvement as well as opportunities for further research and curricular development are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sarah Lucha
- San Jose Police Department, San Hose, CA, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Martínez-Galiano JM. Mother-newborn health indicators in possible victims of gender-based violence during pregnancy. Appl Nurs Res 2017; 34:48-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apnr.2017.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
50
|
Salinas-Miranda AA, King LM, Salihu HM, Berry E, Austin D, Nash S, Scarborough K, Best E, Cox L, King G, Hepburn C, Burpee C, Richardson E, Ducket M, Briscoe R, Baldwin J. Exploring the Life Course Perspective in Maternal and Child Health through Community-Based Participatory Focus Groups: Social Risks Assessment. JOURNAL OF HEALTH DISPARITIES RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2017; 10:143-166. [PMID: 29780663 PMCID: PMC5959055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about the patterns of risk factors experienced by communities of color and how diverse community contexts shape the health trajectory of women from the early childhood period to the time of their pregnancies. Thus, we conducted a focus group study to identify social risks over the life course that contribute to maternal and child health from the perspective of community members residing in low income urban areas. Ten community-based participatory focus groups were conducted with residents from selected communities in Tampa, Florida, from September to November 2013. We used the life course perspective to illuminate and explain the experiences reported by the interviewees. A total of 78 residents participated in the focus groups. Children and adolescents' health risks were childhood obesity, lack of physical activity, and low self-esteem. Women's health risks were low self-esteem, low educational level, low health literacy, inadequate parenting skills, and financial problems. Risks during pregnancy included stress, low self-esteem, inadequate eating patterns, lack of physical activity, healthcare issues, lack of social support, and lack of father involvement during pregnancy. Multiple risk factors contribute to maternal and child health in low income communities in Tampa Bay. The intersection of risk factors in different life periods suggest possible pathways, cumulative, and latent effects, which must be considered in future longitudinal studies and when developing effective maternal and child health programs and policies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Evangeline Best
- REACHUP's Community Advisory Board "Toward Eliminating Disparities in Maternal and Child Health Populations"
| | - Lillian Cox
- REACHUP's Community Advisory Board "Toward Eliminating Disparities in Maternal and Child Health Populations"
| | - Georgette King
- REACHUP's Community Advisory Board "Toward Eliminating Disparities in Maternal and Child Health Populations"
| | - Carrie Hepburn
- REACHUP's Community Advisory Board "Toward Eliminating Disparities in Maternal and Child Health Populations"
| | - Conchita Burpee
- REACHUP's Community Advisory Board "Toward Eliminating Disparities in Maternal and Child Health Populations"
| | - Eugene Richardson
- REACHUP's Community Advisory Board "Toward Eliminating Disparities in Maternal and Child Health Populations"
| | - Marlo Ducket
- REACHUP's Community Advisory Board "Toward Eliminating Disparities in Maternal and Child Health Populations"
| | - Richard Briscoe
- REACHUP's Community Advisory Board "Toward Eliminating Disparities in Maternal and Child Health Populations"
| | | |
Collapse
|