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Cheng K, Zhang J, Ye LY, Lin MH, Ding XY, Zheng XE, Zhou XF. Geriatric nutrition risk index in the prediction of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in older adults with hyperlipidemia: NHANES 1999-2018. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:634. [PMID: 39068440 PMCID: PMC11282714 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-05232-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malnutrition is linked to a higher risk of unfavorable outcomes in various illnesses. The present investigation explored the correlation between inadequate nutritional condition and outcomes in older individuals diagnosed with hyperlipidemia. METHODS The geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) was used to evaluate the nutritional status. All patients were divided into two groups according to GNRI. A Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to assess the survival rates of different groups at risk of malnutrition. In addition, GNRI was used in COX proportional risk regression models to evaluate its predictive effect on both overall mortality and cardiovascular mortality among patients with hyperlipidemia. Furthermore, the study employed restricted cubic splines (RCS) to examine the nonlinear correlation between GNRI and mortality. RESULTS The study included 4,532 elderly individuals diagnosed with hyperlipidemia. During a median follow-up duration of 139 months, a total of 1498 deaths from all causes and 410 deaths from cardiovascular causes occurred. The Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated significantly poorer survival among individuals at risk of malnutrition, as indicated by the GNRI. In the malnutrition risk group, the modified COX proportional hazards model revealed that a decrease in GNRI was associated with a higher risk of all-cause mortality (HR=1.686, 95% CI 1.212-2.347) and cardiovascular mortality (HR=3.041, 95% CI 1.797-5.147). Furthermore, the restricted cubic splines revealed a non-linear association between GNRI and both all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality (p-value for non-linearity = 0.0039, p-value for non-linearity=0.0386). CONCLUSIONS In older patients with hyperlipidemia, lower levels of GNRI are associated with mortality. The GNRI could potentially be used to predict all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Cheng
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
- The Fourth Department of Intensive Care Unit, Fuzhou University Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Second Department of Infectious Disease, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Lu-Ya Ye
- Medical Intensive Care Unit, Zhangzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Zhangzhou, 363000, Fujian, China
| | - Mou-Hui Lin
- The School of Clinical Medicine Department, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Ding
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
- The Fourth Department of Intensive Care Unit, Fuzhou University Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
| | - Xiao-E Zheng
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
- The Fourth Department of Intensive Care Unit, Fuzhou University Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
| | - Xiao-Fen Zhou
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China.
- The Fourth Department of Intensive Care Unit, Fuzhou University Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China.
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China.
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Yang Y, Teng Y, Shi J, Xu J, Bao J, Zhang X, Wang Q. Association of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease with colorectal adenomatous polyps and non-adenomatous polyps: a cross-sectional study. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 35:1389-1393. [PMID: 37642651 PMCID: PMC10602215 DOI: 10.1097/meg.0000000000002636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to investigate the association between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and both colorectal adenomatous polyps and non-adenomatous polyps, in order to provide evidence for the prevention of colorectal cancer (CRC) in patients with NAFLD. METHODS A retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted at the First People's Hospital of Kunshan, Jiangsu, China. The study included 3028 adults who underwent abdominal ultrasonography and colonoscopy over a 5 year period. We compared characteristics among patients with adenomatous polyps, non-adenomatous polyps, and without colorectal polyps using descriptive statistics. Logistic regression analyses were used to detect associations between NAFLD with the prevalence of adenomatous polyps and non-adenomatous polyps. NAFLD was determined by abdominal ultrasound. Colorectal polyps were assessed by data in the colonoscopy report and pathology report. RESULTS A total of 65% of patients with NAFLD had colorectal polys (52% adenomatous polyps and 13% non-adenomatous polyps), and 40% of patients without NAFLD had polyps (29% adenomatous polyps and 11% non-adenomatous polyps). After adjusting for confounding variables, NAFLD was significantly associated with the prevalence of adenomatous in males and females [odds ratio (OR) = 1.8, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.6-2.2, P < 0.01], but was not associated with non-adenomatous polyps (OR = 1.2, 95% CI:0.9-1.5, P > 0.05). CONCLUSION NAFLD is associated with an increased risk of colorectal adenomatous polyps compared to the absence of polyps, but not associated with an increased risk of non-adenomatous polyps. These results provide important evidence for the prevention of CRC in patients with NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jie Bao
- Departments of Gastroenterology
| | - Xia Zhang
- Ultrasound, The First People’s Hospital of Kunshan, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
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Mao Z, Baker JR, Takeuchi M, Hyogo H, Tjønneland A, Eriksen AK, Severi G, Rothwell J, Laouali N, Katzke V, Kaaks R, Schulze MB, Palli D, Sieri S, de Magistris MS, Tumino R, Sacerdote C, Derksen JWG, Gram IT, Skeie G, Sandanger TM, Quirós JR, Crous-Bou M, Sánchez MJ, Amiano P, Colorado-Yohar SM, Guevara M, Harlid S, Johansson I, Perez-Cornago A, Freisling H, Gunter M, Weiderpass E, Heath AK, Aglago E, Jenab M, Fedirko V. Prediagnostic serum glyceraldehyde-derived advanced glycation end products and mortality among colorectal cancer patients. Int J Cancer 2023; 152:2257-2268. [PMID: 36715363 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Glyceraldehyde-derived advanced glycation end products (glycer-AGEs) could contribute to colorectal cancer development and progression due to their pro-oxidative and pro-inflammatory properties. However, the association of glycer-AGEs with mortality after colorectal cancer diagnosis has not been previously investigated. Circulating glycer-AGEs were measured by competitive ELISA. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for associations of circulating glycer-AGEs concentrations with CRC-specific and all-cause mortality among 1034 colorectal cancer (CRC) cases identified within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study between 1993 and 2013. During a mean of 48 months of follow-up, 529 participants died (409 from CRC). Glycer-AGEs were statistically significantly positively associated with CRC-specific (HRQ5 vs Q1 = 1.53, 95% CI: 1.04-2.25, Ptrend = .002) and all-cause (HRQ5 vs Q1 = 1.62, 95% CI: 1.16-2.26, Ptrend < .001) mortality among individuals with CRC. There was suggestion of a stronger association between glycer-AGEs and CRC-specific mortality among patients with distal colon cancer (per SD increment: HRproximal colon = 1.02, 95% CI: 0.74-1.42; HRdistal colon = 1.51, 95% CI: 1.20-1.91; Peffect modification = .02). The highest HR was observed among CRC cases in the highest body mass index (BMI) and glycer-AGEs category relative to lowest BMI and glycer-AGEs category for both CRC-specific (HR = 1.78, 95% CI: 1.02-3.01) and all-cause mortality (HR = 2.15, 95% CI: 1.33-3.47), although no statistically significant effect modification was observed. Our study found that prediagnostic circulating glycer-AGEs are positively associated with CRC-specific and all-cause mortality among individuals with CRC. Further investigations in other populations and stratifying by tumor location and BMI are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziling Mao
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jacqueline Roshelli Baker
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Masayoshi Takeuchi
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Hyogo
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
- Lifecare Clinic Hiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Anne Tjønneland
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Diet, Cancer and Health, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Gianluca Severi
- UVSQ, Inserm, Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health (U1018), Exposome and Heredity Team, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Department of Statistics, Computer Science Applications, "G. Parenti" University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Joseph Rothwell
- UVSQ, Inserm, Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health (U1018), Exposome and Heredity Team, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Nasser Laouali
- UVSQ, Inserm, Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health (U1018), Exposome and Heredity Team, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Verena Katzke
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rudolf Kaaks
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias B Schulze
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Domenico Palli
- Cancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network - ISPRO, Florence, Italy
| | - Sabina Sieri
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS, Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano Via Venezian, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Rosario Tumino
- Hyblean Association for Epidemiological Research, AIRE ONLUS, Ragusa, Italy
| | - Carlotta Sacerdote
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Città della Salute e della Scienza University-Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Jeroen W G Derksen
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Inger T Gram
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Guri Skeie
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Torkjel M Sandanger
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | | | - Marta Crous-Bou
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO) - Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Maria-Jose Sánchez
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública (EASP), Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Pilar Amiano
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Ministry of Health of the Basque Government, Sub Directorate for Public Health and Addictions of Gipuzkoa, San Sebastian, Spain
- Epidemiology of Chronic and Communicable Diseases Group, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Sandra M Colorado-Yohar
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
- Research Group on Demography and Health, National Faculty of Public Health, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Marcela Guevara
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Navarra Public Health Institute, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Sophia Harlid
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Aurora Perez-Cornago
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit (CEU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Heinz Freisling
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, Nutritional Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Marc Gunter
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, Nutritional Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Elisabete Weiderpass
- Office of the Director, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Alicia K Heath
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Elom Aglago
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Mazda Jenab
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, Nutritional Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Veronika Fedirko
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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Chen YY, Kurniawan D, Mousavi SM, Fedotov PV, Obraztsova ED, Chiang WH. Bioresource-derived colloidal nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots as ultrasensitive and stable nanosensors for detection of cancer and neurotransmitter biomarkers. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:9654-9661. [PMID: 36382376 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb01833k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Rapid and accurate detection of cancer and neurological diseases is a major issue that has received great attention recently to enable early therapy treatment. In this report, we utilize an atmospheric pressure microplasma system to convert a natural bioresource chitosan into nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots (NGQDs) for photoluminescence (PL) based selective detection of cancer and neurotransmitter biomarkers. By adjusting the pH conditions during the detection, multiple biomolecules including uric acid (UA), folic acid (FA), epinephrine (EP), and dopamine (DA) can be simultaneously detected with high selectivity and sensitivity using a single material only. Linear relationships between the biomarker concentration and the PL intensity ratio are obtained starting from 0.8 to 100 μM with low limits of detection (LoDs) of 123.1, 157.9, 80.5, and 91.3 nM for UA, EP, FA, and DA, respectively. Our work provides an insight into the multiple biomarker detection using a single material only, which is beneficial for the early detection and diagnosis of cancer and neurological diseases, as well as the development of new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Yi Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, 10607, Taiwan.
| | - Darwin Kurniawan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, 10607, Taiwan.
| | - Seyyed Mojtaba Mousavi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, 10607, Taiwan.
| | - Pavel V Fedotov
- A.M. Prokhorov General Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilov Str., Moscow, 119991, Russia.,Moscow Institute of Physics & Technology, 9 Institutskiy per., Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141701, Russia
| | - Elena D Obraztsova
- A.M. Prokhorov General Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilov Str., Moscow, 119991, Russia.,Moscow Institute of Physics & Technology, 9 Institutskiy per., Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141701, Russia
| | - Wei-Hung Chiang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, 10607, Taiwan.
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Tran TT, Gunathilake M, Lee J, Kim J. Association between metabolic syndrome and its components and incident colorectal cancer in a prospective cohort study. Cancer 2021; 128:1230-1241. [PMID: 34762301 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.34027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been identified as a contributor to cancer development. However, reports concerning the association between MetS and colorectal cancer (CRC) have been inconsistent. This study investigated whether MetS, its components, and the number of components increase the risk of CRC. METHODS This was a prospective cohort study of 41,837 participants recruited from August 2002 to December 2014 from the National Cancer Center in South Korea. The participants were followed until December 2017 to identify incident CRC cases. The participants underwent laboratory tests at the baseline. Additionally, a self-administered questionnaire collected information concerning lifestyle and general characteristics at the baseline. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to calculate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to explore the association between MetS and its components and CRC risk after adjustments for confounding variables. RESULTS In total, 128 incident CRC cases were identified during the follow-up period. An increased CRC risk was found among participants with MetS (HR, 1.63; 95% CI, 1.08-2.44). Additionally, elevated blood pressure (HR, 1.50; 95% CI, 1.05-2.15) and a high fasting glucose level (HR, 1.80; 95% CI, 1.23-2.63) were associated with an elevated risk of CRC. Notably, an increased risk was identified among participants with abdominal obesity coexisting with another component of MetS. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that MetS is a risk factor for CRC. Greater emphasis should be placed on the importance of CRC screening among individuals with abdominal obesity coexisting with another component of MetS. LAY SUMMARY Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks as the third most common cancer type in terms of incidence. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been identified as a contributor to cancer development. However, the association between MetS and CRC remains controversial because of a lack of consistent findings in previous studies. In this study, the National Cholesterol Education Program's Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines are used for the diagnosis of MetS. MetS is found to be a predictor of CRC. Additionally, the importance of CRC screening among individuals with 2 components of MetS should be emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Thi Tran
- Department of Cancer Control and Population Health, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, Goyang-Si, Korea
| | - Madhawa Gunathilake
- Department of Cancer Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, Goyang-Si, Korea
| | - Jeonghee Lee
- Department of Cancer Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, Goyang-Si, Korea
| | - Jeongseon Kim
- Department of Cancer Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, Goyang-Si, Korea
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Exploring polyps to colon carcinoma voyage: can blocking the crossroad halt the sequence? J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2021; 147:2199-2207. [PMID: 34115239 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-021-03685-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is an important public health concern leading to significant cancer associate mortality. A vast majority of colon cancer arises from polyp which later follows adenoma, adenocarcinoma, and carcinoma sequence. This whole process takes several years to complete and recent genomic and proteomic technologies are identifying several targets involved in each step of polyp to carcinoma transformation in a large number of studies. Current text presents interaction network of targets involved in polyp to carcinoma transformation. In addition, important targets involved in each step according to network biological parameters are also presented. The functional overrepresentation analysis of each step targets and common top biological processes and pathways involved in carcinoma indicate several insights about this whole mechanism. Interaction networks indicate TP53, AKT1, GAPDH, INS, EGFR, and ALB as the most important targets commonly involved in polyp to carcinoma sequence. Though several important pathways are known to be involved in CRC, the central common involvement of PI3K-AKT indicates its potential for devising CRC management strategies. The common and central targets and pathways involved in polyp to carcinoma progression can shed light on its mechanism and potential management strategies. The data-driven approach aims to add valuable inputs to the mechanism of the years-long polyp-carcinoma sequence.
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Zhang C, Cheng Y, Luo D, Wang J, Liu J, Luo Y, Zhou W, Zhuo Z, Guo K, Zeng R, Yang J, Sha W, Chen H. Association between cardiovascular risk factors and colorectal cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. EClinicalMedicine 2021; 34:100794. [PMID: 33997727 PMCID: PMC8102710 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.100794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging data have suggested colorectal cancer (CRC) often coexists with cardiovascular diseases, but whether cardiovascular risk factors play a role in CRC remains unclear. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to better illustrate the associations between cardiovascular risk factors and CRC. METHODS We searched EMBASE, MEDLINE and Web of Science databases from inception up to June 14, 2020. Prospective cohort studies were included if they evaluated the association between at least one of cardiovascular risk factors and CRC incidence, containing sufficient data to obtain relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). We performed separate meta-analyses for each cardiovascular risk factor using random-effect model. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020175537. FINDINGS Data from 84 studies, reporting 52, 348, 827 individuals and 384, 973 incident cases were included in the analysis. Overall, the risk of CRC was 1.31(95% CI, 1.21-1.42) for obesity, 1.14 (95% CI, 1.09-1.20) for per 5 kg/m2 increase in body mass index, 1.18 (95% CI, 1.14-1.23) for former smoker, 1.20 (95% CI, 1.11-1.30) for current smoker, 1.25 (95% CI, 1.16-1.35) for diabetes, 1.07 (95% CI, 1.02-1.12) for hypertension. The summary RRs of CRC for the highest versus lowest quartiles of total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein were 1.12 (95% CI, 1.03-1.22), 1.18 (95% CI, 1.04-1.35), 0.85 (95% CI, 0.62-1.17) respectively and the pooled RR for the lowest versus highest quartile of high-density lipoprotein was 1.14 (95% CI, 1.02-1.28). INTERPRETATION Unfavorable cardiovascular risk factors are associated with increased risk of CRC, which may provide novel insight into the screening strategies of CRC in patient with these risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated South China Hospital, Southern Medical University (Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital), Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yunjiu Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Dongling Luo
- Department of Cardiology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518033, China
| | - Jinghua Wang
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jianhua Liu
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yujun Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Weijie Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zewei Zhuo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Kehang Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ruijie Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
- Co-corresponding author: Prof Weihong Sha, Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China; Prof Jun Yang, Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China cn
| | - Weihong Sha
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated South China Hospital, Southern Medical University (Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital), Guangzhou 510080, China
- Co-corresponding author: Prof Weihong Sha, Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China; Prof Jun Yang, Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China cn
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Lead corresponding author: Prof Hao Chen, Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080
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8
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Xuan K, Zhao T, Sun C, Patel AS, Liu H, Chen X, Qu G, Sun Y. The association between hypertension and colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis of observational studies. Eur J Cancer Prev 2021; 30:84-96. [PMID: 32039929 DOI: 10.1097/cej.0000000000000578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The relationship between hypertension and risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) is unclear. This meta-analysis aims to explore the association between them. Six databases were searched for studies published before August 2019. The pooled relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to estimate the association between the hypertension and CRC risk. A total of 2841 potentially relevant articles were obtained, and 25 studies with a pooled 1.95 million participants were finally included in the meta-analysis. These results suggested a positive association between hypertension and risk of CRC with a pooled RR of 1.15 (95% CI: 1.08, 1.23). Male patients with hypertension had a 13% (95% CI: 1.06, 1.20) increased risk of CRC. The risk of colon cancer and rectal cancer in male patients was 1.17 (95% CI: 1.01, 1.36) and 1.35 (95% CI: 1.04, 1.74), respectively, while no association between hypertension and the risk of CRC in females was elucidated. This meta-analysis demonstrated that a positive association between hypertension and CRC exists, with male patients having a higher risk of developing CRC than female patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Xuan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Tianming Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Chenyu Sun
- AMITA Health Saint Joseph Hospital Chicago
| | - Akash S Patel
- University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Haixia Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Guangbo Qu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yehuan Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Center for Evidence-Based Practice, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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9
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Wang H, Shan D, Dong Y, Yang X, Zhang L, Yu Z. Correlation analysis of serum cystatin C, uric acid and lactate dehydrogenase levels before chemotherapy on the prognosis of small-cell lung cancer. Oncol Lett 2020; 21:73. [PMID: 33365084 PMCID: PMC7716718 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.12334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Related studies have reported that cystatin C (Cys C), uric acid (UA) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) affect tumor growth and invasion; however, the correlation between them and the prognosis of patients with small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) remains unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of serum Cys C, UA and LDH concentrations on the prognosis of patients with SCLC prior to initial treatment, in order to identify potential targets for determining the clinical outcome of patients with SCLC. A total of 205 patients with SCLC were enrolled in the present study, and the clinical and laboratory data were obtained from the medical records. The receiver operating characteristic curve was used to determine the optimal cut-off values of Cys C, UA and LDH, while the Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis. The Cox proportional hazard model was used for univariate and multivariate analyses to identify independent prognostic factors. The optimal cut-off values for Cys C, UA and LDH were 0.775 mg/l, 296.45 µmol/l and 198.5 U/l, respectively. The survival curves demonstrated that progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) time were shorter in patients with high levels of Cys C, UA and LDH prior to chemotherapy. Univariate and multivariate analyses indicated that LDH concentration prior to chemotherapy may be an independent prognostic factor for both PFS and OS in patients with SCLC, while Cys C concentration may be an independent prognostic factor for PFS in patients with SCLC. The concentrations of Cys C, UA and LDH prior to chemotherapy were associated with prognosis of patients with SCLC. PFS and OS time were shorter, and the prognosis was poor in patients with elevated serum levels of Cys C, UA and LDH. Taken together, the results of the present study suggest that high concentrations of LDH and Cys C prior to chemotherapy may indicate rapid disease progression, thus it is important to focus on the progression and recurrence of the disease. High LDH concentration may also indicate a shorter survival time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haocheng Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Dongfeng Shan
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Ya Dong
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Xue Yang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Linwei Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Zhuang Yu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
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Allopurinol Suppresses Azoxymethane-Induced Colorectal Tumorigenesis in C57BL/KsJ-db/db Mice. GASTROINTESTINAL DISORDERS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/gidisord2040035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and related metabolic disorders, including chronic inflammation and enhanced oxidative stress, are closely associated with the development and progression of colorectal cancer. Previous epidemiological studies have demonstrated that increased serum uric acid is associated with the risk for various types of cancer, including colon cancer. This study examined the effects of a xanthine oxidase inhibitor allopurinol, widely used as a uric acid lowering medicine, on colorectal tumorigenesis in obese mice. Male C57BL/KsJ-db/db mice were injected with azoxymethane (15 mg/kg body weight) and then received drinking water containing allopurinol (30 mg/kg body weight) for fourteen weeks. At the time of sacrifice, allopurinol treatment significantly inhibited the development of colonic premalignant lesions. In the allopurinol-treated group, cellular proliferation in colonic mucosa was significantly suppressed, which was evaluated by the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen. Allopurinol also inhibited macrophage infiltration in the adipose tissue and decreased the serum level of TNF-α. The values of oxidative stress markers were markedly decreased in the allopurinol-treated group compared to those in the control group. These findings suggest that allopurinol attenuated chronic inflammation and decreased oxidative stress, preventing the development of colonic pre-neoplastic lesions in obesity-associated colon tumorigenesis model.
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Lee J, Lee KS, Kim H, Jeong H, Choi MJ, Yoo HW, Han TH, Lee H. The relationship between metabolic syndrome and the incidence of colorectal cancer. Environ Health Prev Med 2020; 25:6. [PMID: 32075578 PMCID: PMC7031951 DOI: 10.1186/s12199-020-00845-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study evaluated the incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) according to the number of metabolic syndrome (MetS) components. METHODS Using health checkup and insurance claims data of 6,365,409 subjects, the occurrence of CRC according to stage of MetS by sex was determined from the date of the health checkup in 2009 until December 31, 2018. RESULTS Cumulative incidence rates (CIR) of CRC in men and women was 3.9 and 2.8 per 1000 (p < 0.001), respectively. CIR of CRC for the normal, pre-MetS, and MetS groups in men was 2.6, 3.9, and 5.5 per 1000 (p < 0.001) and CIR in women was 2.1, 2.9, and 4.5 per 1000 (p < 0.001), respectively. Compared with the normal group, the hazard ratio (HR) of CRC for the pre-MetS group was 1.25 (95% CI 1.17-1.33) in men and 1.09 (95% CI 1.02-1.17) in women, and the HR of CRC for the MetS group was 1.54 (95% CI 1.43-1.65) in men and 1.39 (95% CI 1.26-1.53) in women after adjustment. CONCLUSIONS We found that MetS is a risk factor for CRC in this study. Therefore, the prevention and active management of MetS would contribute to the prevention of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- JungHyun Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Neungdongro 120, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029 Korea
| | - Kun Sei Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Neungdongro 120, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029 Korea
| | - Hyeongsu Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Neungdongro 120, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029 Korea
| | - Hyoseon Jeong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Neungdongro 120, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029 Korea
| | - Min-Jung Choi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Neungdongro 120, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029 Korea
| | - Hai-Won Yoo
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Neungdongro 120, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029 Korea
| | - Tae-Hwa Han
- Health IT Center, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyunjung Lee
- Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, Konyang University, Daejeon, Korea
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12
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Zhang L, Qiao X, Chen M, Li P, Wen X, Sun M, Ma X, Hou Y, Yang J. Ilexgenin A prevents early colonic carcinogenesis and reprogramed lipid metabolism through HIF1α/SREBP-1. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 63:153011. [PMID: 31301538 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2019.153011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ilexgenin A (IA), the main bioactive compound from Ilex hainanensis Merr., has significant hypolipidemic activities. However, the effects of IA on colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CRC) and its mechanisms are still unknown. PURPOSE The study was designed to evaluate the effect of IA on CRC and explore its underlying mechanisms. STUDY DESIGN The effect of IA on colitis related CRC were evaluated in azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) mice and the underlying mechanisms were revealed by metabolomics, which were further validated in vivo and in vitro. METHODS The Balb/c mice were treated with AOM/DSS to induce CRC model and fed with normal diet with or without 0.02% IA. After the experimental period, samples of plasma were collected and analyzed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time off light mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF). Multivariate statistical tools were used to identify the changes of serum metabolites associated with CRC and responses to IA treatment. HT 29 and HCT 116 cells were stimulated by palmitate (PA) and cultured under hypoxia. Western blot, Q-PCR, and Immunofluorescence staining were performed to confirm the molecular pathway in vivo and in vitro. RESULTS Our results showed IA significantly inhibited the inflammatory colitis symptoms such as disease activity index score, shortening of colon tissues and the increase of inflammatory cytokines. In metabolomic study, 31 potential metabolites associated with CRC were identified and 24 of them were reversed by IA treatment. Most of biomarkers were associated with arachidonic acid metabolism, glycerophospholipid catabolism, and phospholipid metabolism, suggesting lipid metabolism might be involved in the beneficial effect of IA on CRC. Furthermore, we also found IA could decrease the expressions of SREBP-1 and its target gene in the colon tissues of AOM/DSS mice. It could down-regulate the triglyceride (TG) content and the expressions of HIF1α, SREBP-1, FASN, and ACC in HT 29 and HCT 116 cells. The inhibitory effect of IA on SREBP-1 was also attenuated by desferrioxamine (DFX), suggesting HIF1α is involved in the regulation of IA on SREBP-1. CONCLUSION IA prevents early colonic carcinogenesis in AOM/DSS mice and reprogramed lipid metabolism partly through HIF1α/SREBP-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Xin Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Meihong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Xiaodong Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Minhui Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Xiaonan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Yingjian Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Jie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211198, China.
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Lee YJ, Baik SJ, Park H, Park JJ, Han D, Lee HS, Lee BK. The association between progression of coronary artery calcium and colorectal adenoma: A retrospective follow-up study of asymptomatic Koreans. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e17629. [PMID: 31626147 PMCID: PMC6824637 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000017629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The potential relationship between coronary artery calcium (CAC) and colorectal adenoma has been widely indicated. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the risk of colorectal adenoma and CAC progression in asymptomatic Korean adults who underwent serial assessments by colonoscopy and CAC scan.A total of 754 asymptomatic participants, who had undergone serial CAC scans and colonoscopies for screening, were enrolled. Changes in CAC were assessed according to the absolute change between baseline and follow-up results. CAC progression was defined using Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis method. Risk for adenoma at follow-up colonoscopy was determined using hazard ratio (HR) by Cox regression. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was measured.The mean follow-up duration was 3.4 ± 2.5 years. CAC progression was found in 215 participants (28.5%). Participants with adenoma at index colonoscopy showed a higher rate of CAC progression than those without (38.8% vs 23.6%, P < .01). In participants with adenoma at index colonoscopy, CAC progression significantly increased the cumulative risk for adenoma at follow-up colonoscopy (HR = 1.48, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.06-2.06, log-rank P = .021). In multivariate analysis, male sex (HR = 2.57, 95% CI 1.22-5.42, P = .013), ≥3 adenomas at index colonoscopy (HR = 2.60, 95% CI 1.16-5.85, P = .021), and CAC progression (HR = 2.74, 95% CI 1.48-5.08, P = .001) increased the risk of adenoma at follow-up colonoscopy. In participants without adenoma at index colonoscopy, neither baseline CAC presence nor CAC progression increased the risk of adenoma at follow-up colonoscopy. The interaction between CAC progression and adenoma at index colonoscopy was significant in multivariable model (P = .005). In the ROC analysis, AUC of CAC progression for adenoma at follow-up colonoscopy was 0.625 (95% CI 0.567-0.684, P < .001) in participants with adenoma at index colonoscopy.Participants with CAC progression, who are at high risk of coronary atherosclerosis, may need to be considered for follow-up evaluation of colorectal adenoma, especially those with adenoma at index colonoscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Jeong Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Gangnam Severance Hospital Cardiovascular Center, Yonsei University Health System
| | - Su Jung Baik
- Healthcare Research Team, Health Promotion Center, Gangnam Severance Hospital
| | - Hyojin Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine
| | - Jae Jun Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine
| | - Donghee Han
- Integrative Cardiovascular Imaging Center, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Imaging and Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Hye Sun Lee
- Biostatistics Collaboration Unit, Medical Research Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Byoung Kwon Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Gangnam Severance Hospital Cardiovascular Center, Yonsei University Health System
- Healthcare Research Team, Health Promotion Center, Gangnam Severance Hospital
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Han S, Pan Y, Yang X, Da M, Wei Q, Gao Y, Qi Q, Ru L. Intestinal microorganisms involved in colorectal cancer complicated with dyslipidosis. Cancer Biol Ther 2018; 20:81-89. [PMID: 30239257 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2018.1507255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormal lipid metabolism is considered to be one of main promoters of colorectal cancer (CRC), and intestinal microorganisms may be involved in CRC in patients with abnormal lipid metabolism. OBJECTIVE To investigate lipid metabolism in CRC patients and explore the role of intestinal microorganisms in CRC complicated with abnormal lipid metabolism. METHODS Overall, 150 CRC patients in Huzhou Central Hospital from January 2016 to September 2017 were recruited in the present study. Basic patient information and clinical serological indicators were investigated and analyzed. Twenty-one stool samples were collected from patients after receiving informed consent. Next-generation sequencing technology was used to sequence bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA. Bioinformatics analysis was used to profile the microbial composition and screen distinctive bacteria in patients with CRC complicated with abnormal lipid metabolism. RESULTS Apo B and FFA levels were higher in patients with stage I disease than in patients with other stages. HDL, LDL, Apo B and FFA levels were higher in female patients than in male patients. FFA level was higher in rectal cancer patients than in colon cancer patients. These differences were statistically significant (p < 0.05). The proportion of Escherichia/Shigella was increased in CRC patients with hyperlipoidaemia and hypercholesteremia; the abundance of Streptococcus was increased in CRC patients with hyperlipoidaemia; the abundance of Clostridium XIVa was reduced in CRC patients with hyperlipoidaemia and hypercholesteremia; and the abundance of Ruminococcaceae was reduced in CRC patients with hypercholesteremia. Bilophila and Butyricicoccus were closely related to CRC patients without hyperlipoidaemia or hypercholesteremia, and Selenomonas, Clostridium, Bacteroidetes Slackia, Burkholderiales and Veillonellaceae were closely related to CRC patients with hyperlipoidaemia. Some pathways, including secretion system, chaperones and folding catalysts, amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, arginine and proline metabolism, glycine, serine and threonine metabolism, histidine metabolism, pores and ion channels, nitrogen metabolism and sporulation, may be involved in lipid metabolism abnormality in CRC patients. CONCLUSIONS Many CRC patients have abnormal lipid metabolism, and the intestinal microbiota is altered in these CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuwen Han
- a Department of Medical Oncology , Huzhou Central Hospital , Huzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Yuefen Pan
- a Department of Medical Oncology , Huzhou Central Hospital , Huzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Xi Yang
- b Department of Intervention and Radiotherapy , Huzhou Central Hospital , Huzhou , Zhejiang Province , China
| | - Miao Da
- c Medical College of Nursing , Huzhou University , Huzhou , Zhejiang Province , China
| | - Qiang Wei
- d Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery , Huzhou Central Hospital , Huzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Yuhai Gao
- d Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery , Huzhou Central Hospital , Huzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Quan Qi
- a Department of Medical Oncology , Huzhou Central Hospital , Huzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Lixin Ru
- b Department of Intervention and Radiotherapy , Huzhou Central Hospital , Huzhou , Zhejiang Province , China
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15
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Hong YR, Sonawane KB, Holcomb DR, Deshmukh AA. Effect of multimodal information delivery for diabetes care on colorectal cancer screening uptake among individuals with type 2 diabetes. Prev Med Rep 2018; 11:89-92. [PMID: 29984144 PMCID: PMC6030234 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2018.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the significant increase in the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC), one-third of individuals with diabetes who met screening recommendations, reported not being up-to-date on CRC screening in the United States. We determined the means through which individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) learned about diabetes care; we further examined their associations with CRC screening uptake. This was a retrospective study of US adults aged 50-75 years diagnosed with T2DM (sample n = 5595, representing 14,724,933 Americans). Data from the 2011-2014 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey were analyzed to compare CRC screening uptake in four learning groups for diabetes care: (1) did not learn, (2) learning from health providers only, (3) learning from other sources (including online sources and group class), and (4) learning from health providers and other sources together (combined learning group). Overall, 70.4% individuals with T2DM were up-to-date with CRC screening during 2011-2014. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, the combined learning group had 1.32 (95% confidence interval, 1.01-1.74) times higher odds of being up-to-date on CRC screening than those who did not learn about diabetes care. The odds of being up-to-date on CRC screening were not significant for other learning groups. Our findings suggest that combined ways of health information delivery for diabetes care is associated with increased odds of being up-to-date on CRC screening among individuals with T2DM. Multimodal health information delivery has the potential to result in unintended, positive consequences in preventive care services use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Rock Hong
- Department of Health Services Research, Management and Policy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Corresponding author at: Department of Health Services Research, Management and Policy, College of Public Health and Health Professions, 1225 Center Drive, HPNP 3118, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States.
| | - Kalyani B. Sonawane
- Department of Health Services Research, Management and Policy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Derek R. Holcomb
- Department of Public Health, Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, KY, United States
| | - Ashish A. Deshmukh
- Department of Health Services Research, Management and Policy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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Pyo JH, Ha SY, Hong SN, Chang DK, Son HJ, Kim KM, Kim H, Kim K, Kim JE, Choi YH, Kim YH. Identification of risk factors for sessile and traditional serrated adenomas of the colon by using big data analysis. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018; 33:1039-1046. [PMID: 29087626 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.14035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Little is known about the risk factors associated with serrated polyps, because the early studies, which occurred before the new World Health Organization classification was introduced, included mixtures of serrated polyps. This study aimed to evaluate the risk factors associated with the presence of sessile serrated adenomas (SSAs) and traditional serrated adenomas (TSAs) using big data analytics. METHODS Using a case-control design, we evaluated the risk factors associated with the presence of SSAs and TSAs. Subjects who underwent colonoscopies from 2002 to 2012 as part of the comprehensive health screening programs undertaken at the Samsung Medical Center, Korea, participated in this study. RESULTS Of the 48 677 individuals who underwent colonoscopies, 183 (0.4%) had SSAs and 212 (0.4%) had TSAs. The multivariate analysis determined that being aged ≥ 50 years (odds ratio [OR] 1.91, 95% confidential interval [CI] 1.27-2.90, P = 0.002) and a history of colorectal cancer among first-degree relatives (OR 3.14, 95% CI 1.57-6.27, P = 0.001) were significant risk factors associated with the presence of SSAs and that being aged ≥ 50 years (OR 2.61, 95% CI 1.79-3.80, P < 0.001), obesity (OR 1.63, 95% CI 1.12-2.36, P = 0.010), and a higher triglyceride level (OR 1.63, 95% CI 1.12-2.36, P = 0.010) were independent risk factors associated with the presence of TSAs. CONCLUSIONS We used big data analytics to determine the risk factors associated with the presence of specific polyp subgroups, and individuals who have these risk factors should be carefully scrutinized for the presence of SSAs or TSAs during screening colonoscopies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeung Hui Pyo
- Center for Health Promotion, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Yun Ha
- Department of Pathology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Noh Hong
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Kyung Chang
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee Jung Son
- Center for Health Promotion, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyoung-Mee Kim
- Department of Pathology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyeseung Kim
- Statistics and Data Center, Research Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyunga Kim
- Statistics and Data Center, Research Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jee Eun Kim
- Center for Health Promotion, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoon-Ho Choi
- Center for Health Promotion, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Ho Kim
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Mancha-Ramirez AM, Slaga TJ. Ursolic Acid and Chronic Disease: An Overview of UA's Effects On Prevention and Treatment of Obesity and Cancer. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 928:75-96. [PMID: 27671813 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-41334-1_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Chronic diseases pose a worldwide problem and are only continuing to increase in incidence. Two major factors contributing to the increased incidence in chronic disease are a lack of physical activity and poor diet. As the link between diet and lifestyle and the increased incidence of chronic disease has been well established in the literature, novel preventive, and therapeutic methods should be aimed at naturally derived compounds such as ursolic acid (UA), the focus of this chapter. As chronic diseases, obesity and cancer share the common thread of inflammation and dysregulation of many related pathways, the focus here will be on these two chronic diseases. Significant evidence in the literature supports an important role for natural compounds such as UA in the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases like obesity and cancer, and here we have highlighted many of the ways UA has been shown to be a beneficial and versatile phytochemical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Mancha-Ramirez
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Thomas J Slaga
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.
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Abstract
GOALS To investigate trends in colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence and survival among Hispanics in Texas. BACKGROUND The incidence of CRC is rising among young adults in the United States. Given Texas' large Hispanic population, investigating CRC trends in Texas may provide valuable insight into the future of CRC epidemiology in an ever-diversifying US population. STUDY Data from the Texas Cancer Registry (1995 to 2010) were used to calculate age-adjusted CRC rates based on the 2000 US standard population. Annual percentage change (APC) and 5-year cancer-specific survival (CSS) rates were reported by age, race/ethnicity, stage, and anatomic location. RESULTS Of 123,083 CRC cases, 11% occurred in individuals below 50 years old, 26% of whom were Hispanic. Incidence was highest among African Americans (AAs; 76.3/100,000), followed by non-Hispanic whites (NHWs; 60.2/100,000) and Hispanics (50.8/100,000). Although overall CRC incidence declined between 1995 and 2010 (APC, -1.8%; P<0.01), trends differed by age and race/ethnicity. Among individuals 50 years and above, the rate of decline was statistically significant among NHWs (APC, -2.4%; P<0.01) and AAs (APC, -1.3%; P<0.01) but not among Hispanics (APC, -0.6%; P=0.13). In persons aged 20 to 39 years, CRC incidence rose significantly among Hispanics (APC, 2.6%; P<0.01) and NHWs (APC, 2.4%; P<0.01), but not AAs (APC, 0.3%; P=0.75). CSS rates among Hispanics and NHWs were comparable across most age groups and cancer stages, whereas CSS rates among AAs were generally inferior to those observed among NHWs and Hispanics. CONCLUSIONS Although CRC incidence has declined in Texas, it is rising among young Hispanics and NHWs while declining more slowly among older Hispanics than among older NHWs and AAs.
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Abstract
AIM To explore the characteristics of serum lipids in patients with colorectal polyps.
METHODS The levels of serum lipids were compared between patients with colorectal polyps and controls. Then, the levels of serum lipids were analyzed according to the different clinical characteristics of colorectal polyps.
RESULTS The levels of triacylglycerol (TG) (1.62 ± 1.12), total cholesterol (5.16 ± 1.19), and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) (3.36 ± 0.95) in the colorectal polyp group were significantly higher than those of the control group (t = 2.358, 4.437, and 5.137, P = 0.019, 0.000, and 0.000, respectively). The level of TG was significantly higher (t = 2.129, P = 0.035), and the level of high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) was significantly lower (t = -2.711, P = 0.008) in colorectal polyp patients with fatty liver than in those without. The level of LDL-C was significantly higher in colorectal polyp patients with gastric polyps than in those without (t = 2.201, P = 0.038). There were no significant differences in the 1evels of serum lipids between the adenoma group and non-adenoma group, between the villous adenoma group and non-villous adenoma group, between the left colon and rectum polyp group and right colon polyp group, or between the male and female groups. The incidence of fatty liver in patients with colorectal polyps was related to the incidence of hyperlipidemia.
CONCLUSION There is a significant correlation between hypertriglyceride, hypercholesteremia, high LDL-C levels, and colorectal polyps. Hypertriglyceride and low HDL-C level may be related to colorectal polyps with fatty liver. High LDL-C level may be related to colorectal polyps with gastric polyps. The incidence of fatty liver in patients with colorectal polyps is related to the incidence of hyperlipidemia.
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Suchanek S, Grega T, Ngo O, Vojtechova G, Majek O, Minarikova P, Brogyuk N, Bunganic B, Seifert B, Dusek L, Zavoral M. How significant is the association between metabolic syndrome and prevalence of colorectal neoplasia? World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22:8103-11. [PMID: 27688652 PMCID: PMC5037079 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i36.8103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Revised: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence and prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) and colorectal cancer (CRC) has been rising in developed countries. The association between these two diseases has been widely studied and reported. Less evidence is available about the relationship between MS and CRC precancerous lesions (adenomatous polyps, adenomas). The aim of this paper is to present an overview of our scientific understanding of that topic and its implication in clinical practice. One of the principal goals of current CRC secondary prevention efforts is to detect and remove the precancerous lesions in individuals with an average CRC risk to prevent the development of invasive cancer. MS is not currently considered a high-risk CRC factor and is therefore not included in the guidelines of organized screening programs. However, in light of growing scientific evidence, the approach to patients with MS should be changed. Metabolic risk factors for the development of adenomas and cancers are the same - obesity, impaired glucose tolerance, dyslipidemia, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus type 2. Therefore, the key issue in the near future is the development of a simple scoring system, easy to use in clinical practice, which would identify individuals with high metabolic risk of colorectal neoplasia and would be used for individual CRC secondary prevention strategies. Currently, such scoring systems have been published based on Asian (Asia-Pacific Colorectal Screening Score; APCS) and Polish populations.
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Lee KE, Moon CM, Yoon HJ, Kim BS, Chang JY, Son HM, Ryu MS, Kim SE, Shim KN, Jung HK, Jung SA. Background Colonic 18F-Fluoro-2-Deoxy-D-Glucose Uptake on Positron Emission Tomography Is Associated with the Presence of Colorectal Adenoma. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0160886. [PMID: 27509022 PMCID: PMC4979890 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0160886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
18F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) scan is used to evaluate various kinds of tumors. While most studies on PET findings of the colon focus on the colonic uptake pattern, studies regarding background colonic uptake on PET scan are rare. The purpose of this study was to identify the association between the background colonic uptake and the presence of colorectal adenoma (CRA), which is a frequent precancerous lesion. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 241 patients with gynecologic malignancy who had received PET or PET/computed tomography (CT) scan and colonoscopy at the same period as a baseline evaluation. Background colonic 18F-FDG uptake was visually graded and the maximal standardized uptake values (SUVmax) of 7 different bowel segments were averaged. In univariate analysis, older age at diagnosis (≥ 50 years, p = 0.034), overweight (BMI ≥ 23 kg/m², p = 0.010), hypercholesterolemia (≥ 200 mg/dL, p = 0.027), and high grade background colonic uptake (p = 0.009) were positively associated with the prevalence of CRA. By multiple logistic regression, high grade background colonic uptake was independently predictive of CRA (odds ratio = 2.25, p = 0.021). The proportion of CRA patients significantly increased as background colonic uptake grade increased from 1 to 4 (trend p = 0.015). Out of the 138 patients who underwent PET/CT, the proportion of CRA patients in the group with high SUVmax (> 2.25) was significantly higher than in the low SUVmax group (27.5% vs. 11.6%, p = 0.031). In conclusion, high grade of background colonic 18F-FDG uptake is significantly associated with the prevalence of CRA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ko Eun Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Mo Moon
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (CMM); (BSK)
| | - Hai-Jeon Yoon
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bom Sahn Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (CMM); (BSK)
| | - Ji Young Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Moon Son
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Sun Ryu
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Eun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Nam Shim
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Kyung Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Ae Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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22
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Li H, Yang G, Xiang YB, Zhang X, Zheng W, Gao YT, Shu XO. Body weight, fat distribution and colorectal cancer risk: a report from cohort studies of 134255 Chinese men and women. Int J Obes (Lond) 2016; 37:783-9. [PMID: 22986684 PMCID: PMC3541452 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2012.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association of body size and fat distribution with risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) in Chinese men and women. DESIGN Population-based, prospective cohort study. SUBJECTS The analysis included 134 255 Chinese adults enrolled in the Shanghai Women’s Health Study and the Shanghai Men’s Health Study, with an average follow-up of 11.0 and 5.5 years, respectively. MEASUREMENTS Waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) were measured by trained interviewers at baseline. Multivariable Cox models were used to calculate adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for incident CRC. RESULTS A total of 935 incident CRC cases were identified. Both measures of general adiposity (measured by BMI) and central adiposity (measured by WHR and WC) were significantly associated with increased risk of colon cancer in men but not in women. Multivariable adjusted HRs for colon cancer in men in the highest compared with the lowest quintiles were 2.15 (95% CI: 1.35-3.43; P for trend = 0.0006) for BMI, 1.97 (95% CI: 1.19-3.24; P for trend = 0.0004) for WHR and 2.00 (95% CI: 1.21-3.29; P for trend = 0.0002) for WC. The BMI-associated risk was attenuated in analyses stratified by WHR, while the WHR-associated risk remained significant in the high BMI stratum (HR for comparison of extreme tertiles of WHR: 3.38, 95% CI: 1.47-7.75; P for trend =0.0002). None of these anthropometric measures were significantly associated with rectal cancer. CONCLUSION Obesity, particularly central obesity, was associated with increased risk of colon cancer in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Li
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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23
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Davis-Yadley AH, Lipka S, Shen H, Devanney V, Swarup S, Barnowsky A, Silpe J, Mosdale J, Pan Q, Fridlyand S, Sreeharshan S, Abraham A, Viswanathan P, Krishnamachari B. Ethnic disparities in the risk of colorectal adenomas associated with lipid levels: a retrospective multiethnic study. J Gastrointest Cancer 2015; 46:29-35. [PMID: 25417075 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-014-9671-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although data exists showing that uncontrolled lipid levels in white and black patients is associated with colorectal adenomas, there are currently no studies looking only at the Hispanic population. PURPOSE With the rapid increase in the Hispanic population, we aimed to look at their risk of colorectal adenomas in association with lipid levels. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed 1473 patients undergoing colonoscopy from 2009 to 2011 at a community hospital. Statistical analysis was performed using Chi-squared for categorical variables and t test for continuous variables with age-, gender-, and race-adjusted odds ratios. Unconditional logistic regression model was used to estimate 95 % confidence intervals (CI). SAS 9.3 software was used to perform all statistical analysis. RESULTS In our general population, there was an association with elevated triglyceride levels greater than 150 and presence of multiple colorectal adenomas with odds ratio (OR) 1.60 (1.03, 2.48). There was an association with proximal colon adenomas and cholesterol levels between 200 and 239 with OR 1.57 (1.07, 2.30), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels of greater than 130 with OR 1.54 (1.04, 2.30). There was no association between high-density lipoproteins (HDL) levels and colorectal adenomas. The Hispanic population showed no statistical correlation between elevated triglycerides, cholesterol, or LDL with the presence, size, location, or multiplicity of colorectal adenomas. CONCLUSIONS We found a significant correlation between elevated lipid levels and colorectal adenomas in white and black patients; however, there was no such association in the Hispanic population. This finding can possibly be due to environmental factors such as dietary, colonic flora, or genetic susceptibility, which fosters further investigation and research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley H Davis-Yadley
- Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA,
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Shi J, Xiong L, Li J, Cao H, Jiang W, Liu B, Chen X, Liu C, Liu K, Wang G, Cai K. A Linear Dose-Response Relationship between Fasting Plasma Glucose and Colorectal Cancer Risk: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2015; 5:17591. [PMID: 26620869 PMCID: PMC4665197 DOI: 10.1038/srep17591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
For many years, the question of whether hyperglycaemia, a manifestation of prediabetes, diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome, is a risk factor for colorectal cancer has been intensely studied. In fact, even after the conclusion of several prospective studies, the topic is still controversial. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the dose-response relationship between blood glucose concentration and the incidence of colorectal cancer. A linear (P = 0.303 for non-linearity) dose-response relationship was observed between fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and colorectal cancer risk without significant heterogeneity. The relative risk (RR) for colorectal cancer per 20 mg/dL increase in FPG was 1.015 (95% CI: 1.012-1.019, P = 0.000). In subgroup analyses, the pooled RRs for colon cancer (CC) and rectal cancer (RC) studies were 1.035 (95% CI 1.008-1.062, P = 0.011) and 1.031 (95% CI: 0.189-5.628, P = 0.972), respectively; in the analysis comparing men and women, the pooled RRs were 1.016 (95% CI: 1.012-1.020, P = 0.000) and 1.011 (95% CI: 0.995-1.027, P = 0.164), respectively. Sensitivity analyses using two methods showed similar results. In conclusion, there is a significant linear dose-response relationship between FPG and the incidence risk of colorectal cancer. For people with diabetes or prediabetes, controlling blood glucose might be useful to prevent colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Shi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Lijuan Xiong
- Department of Infectious Disease, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Jiaoyuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
- Ministry of Education) Key Laboratory of Environment & Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
- Ministry of Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Heng Cao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Wen Jiang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Xueqin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
- Ministry of Education) Key Laboratory of Environment & Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
- Ministry of Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Cheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
- Ministry of Education) Key Laboratory of Environment & Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
- Ministry of Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Ke Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Guobin Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Kailin Cai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
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25
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Kong SY, Takeuchi M, Hyogo H, McKeown-Eyssen G, Yamagishi SI, Chayama K, O'Brien PJ, Ferrari P, Overvad K, Olsen A, Tjønneland A, Boutron-Ruault MC, Bastide N, Carbonnel F, Kühn T, Kaaks R, Boeing H, Aleksandrova K, Trichopoulou A, Lagiou P, Vasilopoulou E, Masala G, Pala V, Santucci De Magistris M, Tumino R, Naccarati A, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB, Peeters PH, Weiderpass E, Quirós JR, Jakszyn P, Sánchez MJ, Dorronsoro M, Gavrila D, Ardanaz E, Rutegård M, Nyström H, Wareham NJ, Khaw KT, Bradbury KE, Romieu I, Freisling H, Stavropoulou F, Gunter MJ, Cross AJ, Riboli E, Jenab M, Bruce WR. The Association between Glyceraldehyde-Derived Advanced Glycation End-Products and Colorectal Cancer Risk. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2015; 24:1855-63. [PMID: 26404963 PMCID: PMC6284787 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-15-0422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A large proportion of colorectal cancers are thought to be associated with unhealthy dietary and lifestyle exposures, particularly energy excess, obesity, hyperinsulinemia, and hyperglycemia. It has been suggested that these processes stimulate the production of toxic reactive carbonyls from sugars such as glyceraldehyde. Glyceraldehyde contributes to the production of a group of compounds known as glyceraldehyde-derived advanced glycation end-products (glycer-AGEs), which may promote colorectal cancer through their proinflammatory and pro-oxidative properties. The objective of this study nested within a prospective cohort was to explore the association of circulating glycer-AGEs with risk of colorectal cancer. METHODS A total of 1,055 colorectal cancer cases (colon n = 659; rectal n = 396) were matchced (1:1) to control subjects. Circulating glycer-AGEs were measured by a competitive ELISA. Multivariable conditional logistic regression models were used to calculate ORs and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI), adjusting for potential confounding factors, including smoking, alcohol, physical activity, body mass index, and diabetes status. RESULTS Elevated glycer-AGEs levels were not associated with colorectal cancer risk (highest vs. lowest quartile, 1.10; 95% CI, 0.82-1.49). Subgroup analyses showed possible divergence by anatomical subsites (OR for colon cancer, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.57-1.22; OR for rectal cancer, 1.90; 95% CI, 1.14-3.19; Pheterogeneity = 0.14). CONCLUSIONS In this prospective study, circulating glycer-AGEs were not associated with risk of colon cancer, but showed a positive association with the risk of rectal cancer. IMPACT Further research is needed to clarify the role of toxic products of carbohydrate metabolism and energy excess in colorectal cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Yeon Kong
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Masayoshi Takeuchi
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Hyogo
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | | | - Sho-Ichi Yamagishi
- Department of Pathophysiology and Therapeutics of Diabetic Vascular Complications, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Chayama
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Peter J O'Brien
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Pietro Ferrari
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Kim Overvad
- Section for Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anja Olsen
- Diet, Genes, and Environment, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne Tjønneland
- Diet, Genes, and Environment, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault
- Lifestyle, Genes, and Health: Trans-generational Integrated Epidemiology, EMT, Institute Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Nadia Bastide
- Lifestyle, Genes, and Health: Trans-generational Integrated Epidemiology, EMT, Institute Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Franck Carbonnel
- Lifestyle, Genes, and Health: Trans-generational Integrated Epidemiology, EMT, Institute Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France. Service d'hépato-gastroentérologie, Hôpital Bicetre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre Cedex, France
| | - Tilman Kühn
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rudolf Kaaks
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Heiner Boeing
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Krasimira Aleksandrova
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Antonia Trichopoulou
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece. Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology, and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece. Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Pagona Lagiou
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology, and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece. Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece. Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Effie Vasilopoulou
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology, and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Giovanna Masala
- Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute - ISPO, Florence, Italy
| | - Valeria Pala
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, IRCCS Foundation, National Cancer Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Rosario Tumino
- Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, "Civic - MP Arezzo" Hospital, Ragusa, Italy
| | - Alessio Naccarati
- Human Genetics Foundation, Torino Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Torino, Italy
| | - H B Bueno-de-Mesquita
- Department for Determinants of Chronic Diseases (DCD), National Institute for Public Health and Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands. Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, the Netherlands. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The School of Public Health, Imperil College London, London, United Kingdom. Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Petra H Peeters
- Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands. MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatics, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elisabete Weiderpass
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway. Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway. Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Instituet, Stockholm, Sweden. Department of Genetic Epidemiology, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Paula Jakszyn
- Unit of Nutrition, Environment, and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María-José Sánchez
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain. Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada/Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Miren Dorronsoro
- Public Health Direction and CIBERESP-Biodonostia Research Institute, Basque Regional Health Department, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Diana Gavrila
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain. Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Eva Ardanaz
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain. Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Martin Rutegård
- Department of Surgery, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Umeå University, Sweden
| | - Hanna Nyström
- Department of Surgery, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Umeå University, Sweden
| | - Nicholas J Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Kay-Tee Khaw
- Clinical Gerontology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Kathryn E Bradbury
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Isabelle Romieu
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Heinz Freisling
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Faidra Stavropoulou
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Marc J Gunter
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Amanda J Cross
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elio Riboli
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mazda Jenab
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France.
| | - W Robert Bruce
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
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Tian Y, Wang K, Li J, Wang J, Wang Z, Fan Y, Ye Y, Ji G, Li Y. The association between serum lipids and colorectal neoplasm: a systemic review and meta-analysis. Public Health Nutr 2015; 18:3355-70. [PMID: 25776573 PMCID: PMC10271749 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980015000646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2014] [Revised: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There have been inconsistent results published regarding the relationship between dyslipidaemia and an increased risk of colorectal neoplasia (CRN), including colorectal adenoma (CRA) and colorectal cancer (CRC). We conducted a meta-analysis to explore the relationship between dyslipidaemia and CRN. DESIGN We identified studies by performing a literature search using PubMed, EMBASE and the Science Citation Index through October 2013. SETTING We analysed thirty-three independent studies reporting the association between CRN and at least one of the selected lipid components, including total cholesterol (TC), TAG, HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) and LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C). SUBJECTS CRN cases (n 21 809) were identified. RESULTS Overall, people with high levels of serum TAG (risk ratio (RR)=1.08; 95% CI 1.05, 1.12, P<0.00001) and LDL-C (RR=1.07; 95% CI 1.00, 1.14, P=0.04) presented an increased prevalence of CRN. Subgroup analyses revealed that high levels of serum TC (RR=1.04; 95% CI 1.01, 1.09, P=0.02), TAG (RR=1.06; 95% CI 1.03, 1.10, P=0.0009) and LDL-C (RR=1.11; 95% CI 1.04, 1.19, P=0.003) increased the risk of CRA but not of CRC. No association between serum HDL-C and risk for CRN (including CRA and CRC) was observed. CONCLUSIONS Both TAG and LDL-C were significantly associated with an increasing prevalence of CRN. High levels of serum TC, TAG and LDL-C were positively associated with CRA but not with CRC. No significant association was observed between levels of serum HDL-C and CRN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Tian
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Keming Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jirong Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhaoxia Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yingrui Fan
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Ye
- Emergency Center, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guozhong Ji
- Institute of Digestive Endoscopy and Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, No. 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210002, People’s Republic of China
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Santoro MA, Blue RE, Andres SF, Mah AT, Van Landeghem L, Lund PK. Obesity and intestinal epithelial deletion of the insulin receptor, but not the IGF 1 receptor, affect radiation-induced apoptosis in colon. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2015; 309:G578-89. [PMID: 26251471 PMCID: PMC4593818 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00189.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Current views suggest that apoptosis eliminates genetically damaged cells that may otherwise form tumors. Prior human studies link elevated insulin and reduced apoptosis to risk of colorectal adenomas. We hypothesized that hyperinsulinemia associated with obesity would lead to reduced colon epithelial cell (CEC) apoptosis after radiation and that this effect would be altered by deletion of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) 1 receptor (IGF1R) or the insulin receptor (IR). Mice with villin-Cre-mediated IGF1R or IR deletion in CECs and floxed littermates were fed a high-fat diet to induce obesity and hyperinsulinemia or control low-fat chow. Mice were exposed to 5-Gy abdominal radiation to induce DNA damage and euthanized 4 h later for evaluation of apoptosis by localization of cleaved caspase-3. Obese mice exhibited decreased apoptosis of genetically damaged CECs. IGF1R deletion did not affect CEC apoptosis in lean or obese animals. In contrast, IR loss increased CEC apoptosis in both diet groups but did not prevent antiapoptotic effects of obesity. Levels of p53 protein were significantly reduced in CECs of obese mice with intact IR but increased in both lean and obese mice without IR. Levels of mRNAs encoding proapoptotic Perp and the cell cycle inhibitor Cdkn1b/p27 were reduced in CECs of obese mice and increased in lean mice lacking IR. Together, our studies provide novel evidence for antiapoptotic roles of obesity and IR, but not IGF1R, in colonic epithelium after DNA damage. However, neither IR nor IGF1R deletion prevented a reduction in radiation-induced CEC apoptosis during obesity and hyperinsulinemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Agostina Santoro
- 1Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; and
| | - R. Eric Blue
- 1Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; and
| | - Sarah F. Andres
- 1Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; and
| | - Amanda T. Mah
- 2Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Laurianne Van Landeghem
- 1Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; and
| | - P. Kay Lund
- 1Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; and
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Chen KC, Liao YC, Wang JY, Lin YC, Chen CH, Juo SHH. Oxidized low-density lipoprotein is a common risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and gastroenterological cancers via epigenomical regulation of microRNA-210. Oncotarget 2015; 6:24105-18. [PMID: 26254226 PMCID: PMC4695173 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia, including the oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) accumulation, is a risk and highly associated with the development of cancers and cardiovascular diseases. microRNA-210 (miR-210), a hypoxia-responsive microRNA regulated by HIF-1α, has been implicated in cancer and cardiovascular disease formation. Furthermore, Bioinformatics analysis revealed that the promoter of the miR-210 gene contains CpG-rich regions. It is unclear whether miR-210 expression could be epigenetically regulated in these disease progresses. The study aimed to explore the relationships between lipid and miR-210 in the context of cardiovascular disease and gastrointestinal cancer. We demonstrated oxLDL can decrease methylation in the miR-210 promoter to up-regulate miR-210. HIF-1α can bind to miR-210 promoter, but this HIF-1α binding site can be blocked by methylation. We showed that subjects of carotid atherosclerosis, stroke patients and cancer patients had hypomethylation in the miR-210 promoter, especially the HIF-1α binding site. Furthermore, miR-210 can directly inhibit sprouty-related EVH1 domain 2 (SPRED2) expressions, and SPRED2 reduces cell migration via ERK/c-Fos/MMPs pathways. Increased miR-210 and reduced SPRED2 levels were found in aorta of mice under high-fat diet and tumor tissues, which implied that miR-210 can be an underlying mechanism to explain oxLDL as a common risk factor for cardiovascular disease and gastrointestinal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ku-Chung Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chu Liao
- Department of Neurology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jaw-Yuan Wang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Center for Biomarkers and Biotech Drugs, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chu Lin
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Ho Chen
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Suh-Hang Hank Juo
- Department of Genome Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Newton-Bishop JA, Davies JR, Latheef F, Randerson-Moor J, Chan M, Gascoyne J, Waseem S, Haynes S, O'Donovan C, Bishop DT. 25-Hydroxyvitamin D2 /D3 levels and factors associated with systemic inflammation and melanoma survival in the Leeds Melanoma Cohort. Int J Cancer 2015; 136:2890-9. [PMID: 25403087 PMCID: PMC4397121 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 09/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Lower 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 /D3 levels at melanoma diagnosis are associated with thicker primaries and poorer survival. We postulated that this might relate to the deleterious effect of systemic inflammation as 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 /D3 levels are inversely associated with levels of C-reactive protein. 2,182 participants in the Leeds Melanoma Cohort (median follow-up 7.98 years) provided data on drug exposure, comorbidities and a serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 /D3 level at recruitment. Factors reported to modify systemic inflammation (low vitamin D levels, high body mass index, use of aspirin or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or smoking were tested as predictors of microscopic ulceration (in which primary tumors are inflamed) and melanoma-specific survival (MSS). Ulceration was independently associated with lower 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 /D3 levels (odds ratio (OR) = 0.94 per 10 nmol/L, 95% CI 0.88-1.00, p = 0.05) and smoking at diagnosis (OR = 1.47, 95% CI 1.00-2.15, p = 0.04). In analyses adjusted for age and sex, a protective effect was seen of 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 /D3 levels at diagnosis on melanoma death (OR = 0.89 per 10 nmol/L, 95% CI 0.83-0.95, p < 0.001) and smoking increased the risk of death (OR = 1.13 per 10 years, 95% CI 1.05-1.22, p = 0.001). In multivariable analyses (adjusted for tumor thickness) the associations with death from melanoma were low 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 /D3 level at recruitment (<20 nmol/L vs. 20-60 nmol/L, hazard ratio (HR) = 1.52, 95% CI 0.97-2.40, p = 0.07) and smoking duration at diagnosis (HR = 1.11, 95% CI 1.03-1.20, p = 0.009). The study shows evidence that lower vitamin D levels and smoking are associated with ulceration of primary melanomas and poorer MSS. Further analyses are necessary to understand any biological mechanisms that underlie these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia A Newton-Bishop
- Section of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
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Mendonça FM, de Sousa FR, Barbosa AL, Martins SC, Araújo RL, Soares R, Abreu C. Metabolic syndrome and risk of cancer: which link? Metabolism 2015; 64:182-9. [PMID: 25456095 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2014.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Revised: 10/10/2014] [Accepted: 10/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MS) is characterized by a group of metabolic disturbances which lead to an enhanced risk of cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes mellitus. MS constitutes a preoccupant issue with elevated prevalence in the western countries and is often related with cancer development. Elucidating the mechanisms linking these two pathologies is, therefore, essential to identify potential therapeutic molecular targets for cancer treatment in MS patients. The main goals of this review are, to identify the relation between MS and cancer development, handling specifically each one of the main players on this process: insulin and IGF system, estrogen, pro-inflammatory cytokines and others; and, given that colorectal cancer is one of the most prevalent types of cancer in MS patients, we intend to particularly highlight the mechanisms that promote colorectal cancer development in MS individuals. Finally, we will also focus on the clinical implications of the presented mechanisms on cancer therapy and care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Miguel Mendonça
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, 4200-319 Portugal
| | - Filipa Rodrigues de Sousa
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, 4200-319 Portugal
| | - Ana Luísa Barbosa
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, 4200-319 Portugal
| | - Sara Costa Martins
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, 4200-319 Portugal
| | - Raquel Lage Araújo
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, 4200-319 Portugal
| | - Raquel Soares
- Department of Biochemistry (U38-FCT), Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, 4200-319 Portugal.
| | - Cristina Abreu
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, 4200-319 Portugal
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Ou Y, Chen P, Zhou Z, Li C, Liu J, Tajima K, Guo J, Cao J, Wang H. Associations between variants on ADIPOQ and ADIPOR1 with colorectal cancer risk: a Chinese case-control study and updated meta-analysis. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2014; 15:137. [PMID: 25516230 PMCID: PMC4411774 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-014-0137-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Epidemiological studies have suggested that variants on adiponectin (ADIPOQ) and its receptor ADIPOR1 (adiponectin receptor 1) are associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) risk; however, the results were inconclusive. The aim of the study was to evaluate the associations between the variants on ADIPOQ and ADIPOR1 and the CRC risk with a hospital-based case-control study in the Chinese population along with meta-analysis of available epidemiological studies. Methods With a hospital-based case-control study of 341 cases and 727 controls, the associations between the common variants on ADIPOQ (rs266729, rs822395, rs2241766 and rs1501299) and ADIPOR1 (rs1342387 and rs12733285) and CRC susceptibility were evaluated. Meta-analysis of the published epidemiological studies was performed to investigate the associations between the variants and CRC risk. Results For the population study, we found that variant rs1342387 of ADIPOR1 was associated with a reduced risk for CRC [adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 0.74, 95% confidential intervals (95% CI) = 0.57-0.97; CT/TT vs. CC]. The meta-analysis also suggested a significant association for rs1342387 and CRC risk; the pooled OR was 0.79 (95% CI = 0.66-0.95) for the CT/TT carriers compared to CC homozygotes under the random-effects model (Q = 8.06, df = 4, P = 0.089; I2 = 50.4%). The case-control study found no significant association for variants rs266729, rs822395, rs2241766, and rs1501299 on ADIPOQ or variant rs12733285 on ADIPOR1 and CRC susceptibility, which were consistent with results from the meta-analysis studies. Conclusions These data suggested that variant rs1342387 on ADIPOR1 may be a novel CRC susceptibility factor. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12881-014-0137-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyi Ou
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, P. R China. .,Medical Department, The General Hospital of Navy, Beijing, 100037, P. R China.
| | - Peizhan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, P. R China.
| | - Ziyuan Zhou
- Toxicology Institute, Key Lab of Medical Protection for Electromagnetic Radiation, Ministry of Education of China, College of Preventive Medicine; Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, P. R. China. .,Department of Environment Health, College of Preventive Medicine; Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, P. R. China.
| | - Chenglin Li
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, P. R China.
| | - Jinyi Liu
- Toxicology Institute, Key Lab of Medical Protection for Electromagnetic Radiation, Ministry of Education of China, College of Preventive Medicine; Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, P. R. China.
| | - Kazuo Tajima
- Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan.
| | - Junsheng Guo
- Department of Military Hygiene, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China.
| | - Jia Cao
- Toxicology Institute, Key Lab of Medical Protection for Electromagnetic Radiation, Ministry of Education of China, College of Preventive Medicine; Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, P. R. China.
| | - Hui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, P. R China. .,Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, Beijing, 100021, P. R. China. .,School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 200031, P. R. China.
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Santoro MA, Andres SF, Galanko JA, Sandler RS, Keku TO, Lund PK. Reduced insulin-like growth factor I receptor and altered insulin receptor isoform mRNAs in normal mucosa predict colorectal adenoma risk. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2014; 23:2093-100. [PMID: 25017244 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-14-0177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperinsulinemia resulting from obesity and insulin resistance is associated with increased risk of many cancers, but the biology underlying this risk is unclear. We hypothesized that increased mRNA levels of the insulin-like growth factor I receptor (IGFIR) versus the insulin receptor (IR) or elevated ratio of IR-A:IR-B isoforms in normal rectal mucosa would predict adenoma risk, particularly in individuals with high body mass index (BMI) or plasma insulin. METHODS Biopsies from normal rectal mucosa were obtained from consenting patients undergoing routine colonoscopy at University of North Carolina Hospitals (Chapel Hill, NC). Subjects with colorectal adenomas were classified as cases (n = 100) and were matched to adenoma-free controls (n = 98) based on age, sex, and BMI. IGFIR and IR mRNA levels were assessed by qRT-PCR, and IR-A:IR-B mRNA ratios by standard PCR. Plasma insulin and crypt apoptosis were measured by ELISA and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL), respectively. Logistic regression models examined relationships between receptor mRNAs, BMI, plasma insulin, and adenoma risk. RESULTS Unexpectedly, cases were significantly more likely to have lower IGFIR mRNA levels than controls. No overall differences in total IR mRNA or IR-A:IR-B ratios were observed between cases and controls. Interestingly, in patients with high plasma insulin, increased IR-A:IR-B ratio was associated with increased likelihood of having adenomas. CONCLUSIONS Our work shows novel findings that reduced IGFIR mRNA and, during high plasma insulin, increased IR-A:IR-B ratios in normal rectal mucosa are associated with colorectal adenoma risk. IMPACT Our work provides evidence supporting a link between IGFIR and IR isoform expression levels and colorectal adenoma risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Agostina Santoro
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Sarah F Andres
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Joseph A Galanko
- Department of Medicine and Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Robert S Sandler
- Department of Medicine and Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Temitope O Keku
- Department of Medicine and Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - P Kay Lund
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
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Rampal S, Yang MH, Sung J, Son HJ, Choi YH, Lee JH, Kim YH, Chang DK, Rhee PL, Rhee JC, Guallar E, Cho J. Association between markers of glucose metabolism and risk of colorectal adenoma. Gastroenterology 2014; 147:78-87.e3. [PMID: 24632359 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2014.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2013] [Revised: 02/27/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Diabetes is a risk factor for colorectal cancer. We studied the association between markers of glucose metabolism and metabolic syndrome and the presence of colorectal adenomas in a large number of asymptomatic men and women attending a health screening program in South Korea. We also investigated whether these associations depend on adenoma location. METHODS In a cross-sectional study, we measured fasting levels of glucose, insulin, hemoglobin A1c, and C-peptide and calculated homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) values (used to quantify insulin resistance) for 19,361 asymptomatic South Korean subjects who underwent colonoscopy examinations from January 2006 to June 2009. Participants completed a standardized self-administered health questionnaire and a validated semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. Blood samples were collected on the day of the colonoscopy; fasting blood samples were also collected. Robust Poisson regression was used to model the associations of glucose markers with the prevalence of any adenoma. RESULTS Using detailed multivariable-adjusted dose-response models, the prevalence ratios (aPR, 95% confidence interval [CI]) for any adenoma, comparing the 90th with the 10th percentile, were 1.08 (1.00-1.16; P = .04) for fasting glucose, 1.07 (0.99-1.15; P = .10) for insulin, 1.09 (1.02-1.18, P = .02) for HOMA, 1.09 (1.01-1.17; P = .02) for hemoglobin A1c, and 1.14 (1.05-1.24; P = .002) for C-peptide. The corresponding ratios for nonadvanced adenomas were 1.11 (0.99-1.25; P = .08), 1.10 (0.98-1.24; P = .12), 1.15 (1.02-1.29; P = .02), 1.14 (1.01-1.28; P = .03), and 1.20 (1.05-1.37; P = .007), respectively. The corresponding ratios for advanced adenomas were 1.32 (0.94-1.84; P = .11), 1.23 (0.87-1.75; P = .24), 1.30 (0.92-1.85; P = .14), 1.13 (0.79-1.61; P = .50), and 1.67 (1.15-2.42; P = .007), respectively. Metabolic syndrome was associated with the prevalence of any adenoma (aPR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.13-1.24; P < .001), nonadvanced adenoma (aPR, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.20-1.40; P < .001), and advanced adenoma (aPR, 1.42; 95% CI, 1.14-1.78; P = .002). Associations were similar for adenomas located in the distal versus proximal colon. CONCLUSIONS Increasing levels of glucose, HOMA values, levels of hemoglobin A1c and C-peptide, and metabolic syndrome are significantly associated with the prevalence of adenomas. Adenomas should be added to the list of consequences of altered glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Rampal
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Julius Centre University of Malaya, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Epidemiology and Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Moon Hee Yang
- Center for Health Promotion, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jidong Sung
- Center for Health Promotion, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hee Jung Son
- Center for Health Promotion, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Yoon-Ho Choi
- Center for Health Promotion, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jun Haeng Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young-Ho Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dong Kyung Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Poong-Lyul Rhee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jong Chul Rhee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eliseo Guallar
- Department of Epidemiology and Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Medicine and Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Juhee Cho
- Department of Epidemiology and Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea; Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology Center, Research Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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Chen CJ, Yen JH, Chang SJ. Gout patients have an increased risk of developing most cancers, especially urological cancers. Scand J Rheumatol 2014; 43:385-90. [PMID: 24825466 DOI: 10.3109/03009742.2013.878387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Inflammation and hyperuricaemia, which are the major characteristics of gout disease, are thought to be associated with carcinogenesis and anti-carcinogenesis, respectively. Therefore, we aimed to explore the causal effect on cancers from those with gout disease. METHOD New gout patients without a history of cancer were included from 1998 to 2000, and they had been followed up from 2001 to 2008 to observe the incidence of cancers from national outpatient records in Taiwan. RESULTS A total of 8408 male gout patients and 25,010 male controls were included by matching gout patients' age and year and month of first diagnosis during the including period. The mean ages at diagnosis were 51.03 ± 14.52 and 50.90 ± 14.45 years for gout patients and controls, respectively. The overall incidence of all cancers was 9.82 cases per 1000 person-years among gout patients compared to 4.35 cases per 1000 person-years among controls after 8 years of follow-up. The age-adjusted standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) were 2.26 [95% confidence interval (CI) 2.06-2.49], 3.31 (95% CI 2.55-4.31), 3.14 (95% CI 2.12-4.64), and 2.18 (95% CI 1.34-3.56) for all cancers, prostate cancer, bladder cancer, and renal cancer, respectively. The cumulative hazard ratios (HRs) were significantly higher in gout patients than in controls with regard to developing prostate, bladder, and renal cancers (all p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS This study shows that gout patients are more likely to develop most cancers, especially the urological cancers: prostate, bladder, and renal cancers. The data also support the hypothesis of a link between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and cancer disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- C-J Chen
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine , Kaohsiung , Taiwan
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Laparoscopic surgery decreases the surgical risks associated with hyperlipidemia in rectal cancer: a retrospective analysis of 495 patients. Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech 2014; 24:e162-6. [PMID: 24710264 DOI: 10.1097/sle.0000000000000000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiologic studies provide evidence for a link between disorders of lipid metabolism and the risk for colorectal cancer, hyperlipidemia is a common feature of rectal cancer patients. However, information about the effects of hyperlipidemia on rectal cancer surgery is scarce. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate whether hyperlipidemia affected short-term outcomes of rectal cancer surgery, and determine the preferable surgery method based on the comparison of laparoscopic surgery and open surgery. METHODS Clinical data of 495 rectal cancer patients who received traditional open or laparoscopic radical resection between March 2006 and December 2010 were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS Compared with normal blood lipid group (n=232), hyperlipidemia group (n=263) showed increased intraoperative bleeding (P<0.001), prolonged time for resuming food intake (P<0.001), peritoneal drainage (P<0.001), and hospital stay (P=0.019). However, there was no difference in operation time. Compared with those receiving open surgery, patients receiving laparoscopic surgery exhibited less intraoperative bleeding (P<0.001), less time for resuming food intake (P<0.001), peritoneal drainage (P<0.001), and hospital stay (P<0.001), whereas more operation time was needed (P<0.001). Among patients receiving laparoscopic surgery, no differences were shown on hospital stay, time for resuming food intake, and peritoneal drainage between hyperlipidemia group and normal blood lipid group, although more intraoperative bleeding was still presented in the hyperlipidemia group (P<0.001). CONCLUSION Hyperlipidemia has adverse effects on rectal cancer surgery. Laparoscopic surgery can eliminate postoperative recovery retardation caused by hyperlipidemia.
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Tal S, Melzer E, Chsherbakov T, Malnick S. Metabolic syndrome is associated with increased prevalence of advanced colorectal polyps. J Nutr Health Aging 2014; 18:22-5. [PMID: 24402384 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-013-0360-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and/or its components and colorectal neoplasms in adult population undergoing screening colonoscopy. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Institute of Gastroenterology, Kaplan Medical Center, Rehovot, Israel. PARTICIPANTS Two hundred ninety nine consecutive outpatients undergoing screening colonoscopy. MEASUREMENTS MetS was determined according to the Adult Treatment Panel III of the National Cholesterol Education Program (ATP III) criteria. Blood test results and other clinical data were retrieved from the electronic medical records. RESULTS In 94 patients (31.8%) polyps were detected. Thirty two (34%) of the polyps were advanced. Eighty one percent of patients with an advanced polyp met the criteria for MetS. About the same MetS prevalence (84%) was found in men, but not in women. An advanced polyp was detected in 14% of patients with MetS, compared to 5% of patients without MetS. Odds ratio for having an advanced polyp in a patient with MetS compared to a patient without MetS was 10.64. CONCLUSION MetS was found to be a risk factor for advanced polyps. This association is suggestive of the need that patients with MetS should be urged to have a screening colonoscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Tal
- Tal Sari, MD, Geriatric Medicine Department, Kaplan Medical Center, Rehovot, Israel, Tel. 972-8-9441573, Fax: 972-8-9441767,
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Ito K, Ishigamori R, Mutoh M, Ohta T, Imai T, Takahashi M. Ay allele promotes azoxymethane-induced colorectal carcinogenesis by macrophage migration in hyperlipidemic/diabetic KK mice. Cancer Sci 2013; 104:835-43. [PMID: 23551905 PMCID: PMC7657178 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2013] [Revised: 03/18/2013] [Accepted: 03/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of colorectal cancer has been increasing and is associated with obesity and diabetes. We have found that type 2 diabetes model KK-Ay/TaJcl (KK-Ay) mice develop tumors within a short period after treatment with azoxymethane (AOM). However, factors that contribute to the promotion of carcinogenesis have not been clarified. Therefore, we looked at the genetic background of KK-Ay, including two genetic characteristics of KK/TaJcl (KK) mice and C57BL/6J-Ham-Ay/+ (Ay) mice, compared with other non-obese and non-diabetic mouse strains C57BL/6J and ICR, and induced colorectal premalignant lesions, aberrant crypt foci (ACF), and tumors using AOM (150 μg/mouse/week for 4 weeks and 200 μg/mouse/week for 6 weeks, respectively). The mice with a diabetes feature, KK-Ay and KK, developed significantly more ACF, 67 and 61 per mouse, respectively, whereas ICR, Ay, and C57BL/6J mice developed 42, 24, and 18 ACF/mouse, respectively, at 17 weeks of age. Serum insulin and triglyceride levels in KK-Ay and KK mice were quite high compared with other non-diabetic mouse strains. Interestingly, KK-Ay mice developed more colorectal tumors (2.7 ± 2.3 tumor/mouse) than KK mice (1.2 ± 1.1 tumor/mouse) at 25 weeks of age, in spite of similar diabetic conditions. The colon cancers that developed in both KK-Ay and KK mice showed similar activation of β-catenin signaling. However, mRNA levels of inflammatory factors related to the activation of macrophages were significantly higher in colorectal cancer of KK-Ay mice than in KK. These data indicate that factors such as insulin resistance and dyslipidemia observed in obese and diabetic patients could be involved in susceptibility to colorectal carcinogenesis. In addition, increase of tumor-associated macrophages may play important roles in the stages of promotion of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumiko Ito
- Division of Cancer Prevention Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
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Huang KW, Leu HB, Wang YJ, Luo JC, Lin HC, Lee FY, Chan WL, Lin JK, Chang FY. Patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease have higher risk of colorectal adenoma after negative baseline colonoscopy. Colorectal Dis 2013; 15:830-5. [PMID: 23398678 DOI: 10.1111/codi.12172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2012] [Accepted: 12/15/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIM The study aimed to determine whether nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an independent risk factor of adenoma after negative baseline colonoscopy. METHOD A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 1522 health-check individuals who underwent two consecutive colonoscopies at Taipei Veterans General Hospital between 2003 and 2010. Those developing an adenoma after an initial negative baseline colonoscopy (adenoma group) were compared with those in whom the second colonoscopy was negative (nonadenoma group). Anthropometric measurements, biochemical tests and the presence of NAFLD were compared between the two groups. RESULTS The adenoma group had a higher prevalence of NAFLD than the nonadenoma group (55.6% vs 38.8%; P < 0.05). On multivariate logistic regression analysis, NAFLD was an independent risk factor (OR = 1.45, 95% CI: 1.07-1.98) for adenoma formation after a negative baseline colonoscopy. The risk of colorectal adenoma increased when NAFLD patients had other morbidities including metabolic syndrome, hypertension or smoking (OR = 2.85, 4.03 and 4.17). CONCLUSION NAFLD is an independent risk factor for colorectal adenoma formation after a negative baseline colonoscopy. The risk is higher in individuals with NAFLD and other comorbidities, such as hypertension, smoking or metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- K-W Huang
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Stepanov V, Stankov K, Mikov M. The bile acid membrane receptor TGR5: a novel pharmacological target in metabolic, inflammatory and neoplastic disorders. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2013; 33:213-23. [PMID: 23782454 DOI: 10.3109/10799893.2013.802805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
TGR5 is the G-protein-coupled bile acid-activated receptor, found in many human and animal tissues. Considering different endocrine and paracrine functions of bile acids, the current review focuses on the role of TGR5 as a novel pharmacological target in the metabolic syndrome and related disorders, such as diabetes, obesity, atherosclerosis, liver diseases and cancer. TGR5 ligands improve insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis through the secretion of incretins. The bile acid/TGR5/cAMP signaling pathway increases energy expenditure in brown adipose tissue and skeletal muscle. Activation of TGR5 in macrophages inhibits production of proinflammatory cytokines and attenuates the development of atherosclerosis. This receptor has been detected in many cell types of the liver where it has anti-inflammatory effects, thus reducing liver steatosis and damage. TGR5 also modulates hepatic microcirculation and fluid secretion in the biliary tree. In cell culture models TGR5 has been linked to signaling pathways involved in metabolism, cell survival, proliferation and apoptosis, which suggest a possible role of TGR5 in cancer development. Despite the fact that TGR5 ligands may represent novel drugs for prevention and treatment of different aspects of the metabolic syndrome, clinical studies are awaited with the perspective that they will complete TGR5 biology and identify efficient and safe TGR5 agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanesa Stepanov
- Department of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia.
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Forootan M, Tabatabaeefar M, Yahyaei M, Maghsoodi N. Metabolic syndrome and colorectal cancer: a cross-sectional survey. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2013; 13:4999-5002. [PMID: 23244098 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2012.13.10.4999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is epidemiological evidence indicating that the metabolic syndrome increases the risk of colorectal cancer. Since there is little information about this issue in Iran, the present study was conducted to evaluate prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its components in patients with colorectal cancer. MATERIAL AND METHODS This cross-sectional survey involved 200 patients with a new diagnosis of colorectal cancer. Demographic information of patients was collected through the interview with them. Components of metabolic syndrome including fasting glucose serum, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein, blood pressure and waist circumference were measured for all of the patients. RESULTS A total of 72 colorectal cancer patients (36%) met metabolic syndrome criteria with rates of 76% for women and 24% for men. BMI in metabolic syndrome patients was higher than other colorectal cancer patients. Disease history including hypertension, diabetes and cardiovascular disease was most frequent in metabolic syndrome patients. Pathological characteristics of colorectal cancer were not significantly associated with the disease. CONCLUSION The findings of present study indicated that the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in CRC patients is relatively high. Therefore, further analytical and multi centric studies are needed to better understand the role of metabolic syndrome in development of CRC in Iran. If this association is confirmed in future studies, metabolic syndrome patients should be considered in CRC screening programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojgan Forootan
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Egbuonu ACC, Ezeanyika LUS, Ijeh II. Alterations in the liver histology and markers of metabolic syndrome associated with inflammation and liver damage in L-arginine exposed female Wistar albino rats. Pak J Biol Sci 2013; 16:469-476. [PMID: 24498813 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2013.469.476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic Syndrome (MES), a cluster of metabolic disorders, is pandemic and more prevalent in females. It was associated with inflammation, liver damage and reduced nitric oxide concentration. Since L-arginine (ARG) may enhance nitric oxide synthesis, this study investigated the effect of ARG on the liver histology and selected serum markers of MES related to inflammation and liver damage. Two groups (n = 8) of female Wistar albino rats were exposed to 60 mg kg(-1) b. wt. of ARG and 3 mL kg(-1) b.wt. of distilled water, respectively as treated and control groups. Per oral exposure to ARG for twenty eight days caused a non-significant increase (p > 0.05) in the neutrophils count (22.50 +/- 10.35%, representing 38.46%) but a decrease (p > 0.05) in the lymphocytes count (77.50 +/- 10.35%, representing 8.82%) and in the total bilirubin concentration (0.40 +/- 0.19 mg/100 mL, representing 52.38%) of the rats, suggesting non-treatment related influence on these parameters. However, the exposure elicited a significant decrease (p < 0.01) in the serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity (66.47 +/- 0.37 IU L(-1), representing 18.55%) and in the total White Blood Cell (WBC) count (2.73 +/- 0.75 x 10(9) L(-1), representing 43.24%), suggesting absence of inflammation and liver damage. ALT had a significant positive correlation with WBC (r = 0.01), while the liver histology revealed possible benefit in the ARG-fed rats, seeminlgly confirming benefit on these markers of inflammation and liver damage that could improve related MES features in the rats. Further studies using ARG rich nuts are required to harness insight gained from this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C C Egbuonu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - L U S Ezeanyika
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - I I Ijeh
- Department of Biochemistry, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria
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Egbuonu AC, Ijeh II, Ezeanyika LU, Obidoa OO. Influence of L-arginine on the Heart Histology and Function Markers of Metabolic Syndrome in Female Wistar Albino Rats. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2013. [DOI: 10.3923/jms.2013.276.282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Yang MH, Rampal S, Sung J, Choi YH, Son HJ, Lee JH, Kim YH, Chang DK, Rhee PL, Kim JJ, Rhee JC, Chun HK, Guallar E, Cho J. The association of serum lipids with colorectal adenomas. Am J Gastroenterol 2013; 108:833-41. [PMID: 23545715 DOI: 10.1038/ajg.2013.64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES There is suggestive but sparse evidence that dyslipidemia is associated with colorectal neoplasms. We investigated the association of serum lipid and apolipoprotein concentrations with the prevalence of colorectal adenomas. METHODS Cross-sectional study of 19,281 consecutive participants aged 40-79 years undergoing screening colonoscopy at the Center for Health Promotion of the Samsung Medical Center in Korea from January 2006 to June 2009. RESULTS We identified 5,958 participants with colorectal adenomas (30.9%), including 5,504 (28.5%) with non-advanced adenomas and 454 (2.4%) with advanced adenomas. The adjusted relative prevalence ratios (aRPRs) comparing the fourth with the first quartiles of serum triglycerides were 1.35 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.20-1.52; P trend<0.001) for non-advanced adenomas and 1.45 (95% CI 1.02-2.06; P trend=0.005) for advanced adenomas. Higher levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and apolipoprotein A-1 (ApoA-1) were significantly associated with 12% (Q4 vs. Q1 aRPR 1.12; 95% CI 1.00-1.26; P trend=0.049) and 17% (Q4 vs. Q1 aRPR 1.17; 95% CI 1.04-1.31; P trend=0.004) higher prevalence of non-advanced adenoma. There was also a non-significant association between higher levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (Q4 vs. Q1 aRPR 1.22; 95% CI 0.91-1.66; P trend= 0.12) and apolipoprotein B (ApoB) (Q4 vs. Q1 aRPR 1.32; 95% CI 0.94-1.83; P trend=0.07) with higher prevalence of advanced adenoma. There was no association between total cholesterol levels with colorectal adenoma. CONCLUSIONS In this large cross-sectional study, higher levels of serum triglycerides were significantly associated with an increasing prevalence of both non-advanced and advanced colorectal adenomas, while higher levels of ApoA-1 and HDL cholesterol were significantly associated with an increasing prevalence of non-advanced adenomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moon Hee Yang
- Center for Health Promotion, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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DeBarros M, Steele SR. Colorectal cancer screening in an equal access healthcare system. J Cancer 2013; 4:270-80. [PMID: 23459768 PMCID: PMC3584840 DOI: 10.7150/jca.5833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2013] [Accepted: 02/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The military health system (MHS) a unique setting to analyze implementation programs as well as outcomes for colorectal cancer (CRC). Here we look at the efficacy of different CRC screening methods, attributes and results within the MHS, and current barriers to increase compliance. MATERIALS AND METHODS A literature search was conducted utilizing PubMed and the Cochrane library. Key-word combinations included colorectal cancer screening, racial disparity, risk factors, colorectal cancer, screening modalities, and randomized control trials. Directed searches were also performed of embedded references. RESULTS Despite screening guidelines from several national organizations, extensive barriers to widespread screening remain, especially for minority populations. These barriers are diverse, ranging from education and access problems to personal beliefs. Screening rates in MHS have been reported to be generally higher at 71% compared to national averages of 50-65%. CONCLUSION CRC screening can be highly effective at improving detection of both pre-malignant and early cancers. Improved patient education and directed efforts are needed to improve CRC screening both nationally and within the MHS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Scott R. Steele
- Department of Surgery, Madigan Healthcare System, Tacoma, Washington, USA
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Ostenfeld EB, Erichsen R, Thorlacius-Ussing O, Riis AH, Sørensen HT. Use of systemic glucocorticoids and the risk of colorectal cancer. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2013; 37:146-52. [PMID: 23116185 DOI: 10.1111/apt.12115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2012] [Revised: 07/26/2012] [Accepted: 10/09/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic glucocorticoids are potent immunosuppressants, potentially facilitating carcinogenesis. Studies examining glucocorticoids and colorectal cancer risk are few. AIM To investigate the association between use of systemic glucocorticoids and colorectal cancer risk, both overall and by cancer stage (localised versus metastatic). METHODS We conducted a nested population-based case-control study in Northern Denmark (1.8 million people) using medical registries. The study included 14,158 patients with a first-time diagnosis of colorectal cancer from 1991 through 2010. Using risk set sampling, we identified 141,580 population controls, matched on age and gender. Logistic regression models were used to compute odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusting for covariates. RESULTS Frequent use of systemic glucocorticoids (defined as >2 prescriptions) was not associated with overall colorectal cancer risk [adjusted OR (aOR) = 0.93 (95% CI: 0.85-1.00)], compared with never/rare use (≤2 prescriptions). Associations according to duration of use and doses (quartiles of cumulative prednisolone equivalents) were also near the null. Examining colorectal cancer by stage, no substantial associations were found between long-term use (>5 years) of high-dose (>5500 mg) systemic glucocorticoids and localised [aOR = 1.12 (95% CI: 0.81-1.55)] or metastatic [aOR = 0.82 (95% CI: 0.59-1.14)] cancer. CONCLUSION Despite immunological and metabolic effects of frequent use of systemic glucocorticoids, which would be expected to increase colorectal cancer risk, we found no substantial association between the two.
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Affiliation(s)
- E B Ostenfeld
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark.
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Hillenbrand A, Fassler J, Huber N, Xu P, Henne-Bruns D, Templin M, Schrezenmeier H, Wolf AM, Knippschild U. Changed adipocytokine concentrations in colorectal tumor patients and morbidly obese patients compared to healthy controls. BMC Cancer 2012; 12:545. [PMID: 23173608 PMCID: PMC3523089 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-12-545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2012] [Accepted: 11/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity has been associated with increased incidence of colorectal cancer. Adipose tissue dysfunction accompanied with alterations in the release of adipocytokines has been proposed to contribute to cancer pathogenesis and progression. The aim of this study was to analyze plasma concentrations of several adipose tissue expressed hormones in colorectal cancer patients (CRC) and morbidly obese (MO) patients and to compare these concentrations to clinicopathological parameters. METHODS Plasma concentrations of adiponectin, resistin, leptin, active plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1, monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1, interleukin (IL)-1 alpha, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha were determined in 67 patients operated on for CRC (31 rectal cancers, 36 colon cancers), 37 patients operated on for morbid obesity and 60 healthy blood donors (BD). RESULTS Compared to BD, leptin concentrations were lowered in CRC patients whereas those of MO patients were elevated. Adiponectin concentrations were only lowered in MO patients. Concentrations of MCP-1, PAI-1, and IL-1 alpha were elevated in both CRC and MO patients, while resistin and TNF-alpha were similarly expressed in MO and CRC patients compared to BD. Resistin concentrations positively correlated with tumor staging (p<0.002) and grading (p=0.015) of rectal tumor patients. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that both MO and CRC have low-grade inflammation as part of their etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Hillenbrand
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, University Hospital of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Germany.
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Fini MA, Elias A, Johnson RJ, Wright RM. Contribution of uric acid to cancer risk, recurrence, and mortality. Clin Transl Med 2012; 1:16. [PMID: 23369448 PMCID: PMC3560981 DOI: 10.1186/2001-1326-1-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2012] [Accepted: 07/17/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Two risk factors for the development and progression of cancers that are amenable to life style modification are chronic inflammation and the metabolic syndrome. This review proposes two new targets that may mechanistically integrate inflammation and metabolic syndrome, have been largely ignored, and are known to be druggable. Recent evidence has demonstrated that elevated serum uric acid (hyperuricemia) is associated with excess cancer risk, recurrence, and mortality. Although uric acid (UA) can function as a systemic antioxidant, its pro-inflammatory properties have been postulated to play an important role in the pathogenesis of cancer. Furthermore, obesity, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), and the metabolic syndrome (MetS) are also associated with excess cancer, chronic inflammation, and with hyperuricemia, suggesting that UA may represent an important link between these disorders and the development of cancer. While pharmacological modulation of hyperuricemia could in principal augment anti-cancer therapeutic strategies, some cancer cells express low intracellular levels of the enzyme Xanthine Oxidoreductase (XOR) that are associated with increased cancer aggressiveness and poor clinical outcome. Thus, systemic pharmacological inhibition of XOR may worsen clinical outcome, and specific strategies that target serum uric acid (SUA) without inhibiting tumor cell XOR may create new therapeutic opportunities for cancer associated with hyperuricemia. This review will summarize the evidence that elevated SUA may be a true risk factor for cancer incidence and mortality, and mechanisms by which UA may contribute to cancer pathogenesis will be discussed in the hope that these will identify new opportunities for cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi A Fini
- Department of Medicine, Pulmonary Division and Webb-Waring Center, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, V20, Room 3105, Mail stop C-322 12850 East Montview Boulevard, Aurora, CO, 80045-0511, USA.
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Clarke SJ, Karapetis CS, Gibbs P, Pavlakis N, Desai J, Michael M, Tebbutt NC, Price TJ, Tabernero J. Overview of biomarkers in metastatic colorectal cancer: tumour, blood and patient-related factors. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2012; 85:121-35. [PMID: 22762963 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2012.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2012] [Revised: 05/31/2012] [Accepted: 06/07/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
During the last 20 years there have been major therapeutic developments in colorectal cancer (CRC) with the introduction of multiple novel therapeutic agents into routine clinical practice. This has improved survival in both the adjuvant and advanced disease settings. However, improvements have come with substantial increases in expense to the community and potential toxicity to the patient. There has been substantial research to identify tumour factors in CRC that predict treatment response and survival outcomes. This research has identified clinically useful predictive biomarkers to aid clinical decision making, such as the presence or absence of KRAS gene mutations which can determine the benefit of using epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibiting antibodies. However, less attention has been paid to the identification and impact of predictive patient-derived factors such as age, gender and the presence of comorbid conditions or evidence of a systemic inflammatory response. In this article, the current concepts of tumour and patient-related predictive factors in CRC management are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J Clarke
- Department of Medical Oncology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia.
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Kontou N, Psaltopoulou T, Soupos N, Polychronopoulos E, Xinopoulos D, Linos A, Panagiotakos DB. Metabolic syndrome and colorectal cancer: the protective role of Mediterranean diet--a case-control study. Angiology 2012; 63:390-6. [PMID: 22267847 DOI: 10.1177/0003319711421164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The effect of Mediterranean diet on colorectal cancer, in the presence of the metabolic syndrome, was evaluated in 250 patients with first developed cancer (63 ± 12 years, 59% males) and 250 age-gender-matched controls. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was evaluated with the modified-MedDietScore (theoretical range 0-75), while assessment of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) was based on the third Adult Treatment Panel ([ATP III] National Cholesterol Education Program) criteria. Presence of MetS (1.66, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02, 2.69), age (4.25, 95% CI 2.33, 7.77), smoking (1.85, 95% CI 1.27, 2.70), and family history of colorectal cancer (3.37, 95% CI 1.69, 6.75) had a detrimental effect, whereas adherence to the Mediterranean diet (0.88, 95% CI 0.84, 0.92) and body mass index (0.93, 95%CI 0.89, 0.98) had a protective role regarding colorectal cancer. Mediterranean diet had the same effect in relation to colorectal cancer, in both participants with (0.84, 95% CI 0.76, 0.93) and without MetS (0.89, 95% CI 0.85, 0.94).
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Affiliation(s)
- Niki Kontou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
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