1
|
Reisman EG, Hawley JA, Hoffman NJ. Exercise-Regulated Mitochondrial and Nuclear Signalling Networks in Skeletal Muscle. Sports Med 2024; 54:1097-1119. [PMID: 38528308 PMCID: PMC11127882 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-024-02007-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Exercise perturbs energy homeostasis in skeletal muscle and engages integrated cellular signalling networks to help meet the contraction-induced increases in skeletal muscle energy and oxygen demand. Investigating exercise-associated perturbations in skeletal muscle signalling networks has uncovered novel mechanisms by which exercise stimulates skeletal muscle mitochondrial biogenesis and promotes whole-body health and fitness. While acute exercise regulates a complex network of protein post-translational modifications (e.g. phosphorylation) in skeletal muscle, previous investigations of exercise signalling in human and rodent skeletal muscle have primarily focused on a select group of exercise-regulated protein kinases [i.e. 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), protein kinase A (PKA), Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMK) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)] and only a small subset of their respective protein substrates. Recently, global mass spectrometry-based phosphoproteomic approaches have helped unravel the extensive complexity and interconnection of exercise signalling pathways and kinases beyond this select group and phosphorylation and/or translocation of exercise-regulated mitochondrial and nuclear protein substrates. This review provides an overview of recent advances in our understanding of the molecular events associated with acute endurance exercise-regulated signalling pathways and kinases in skeletal muscle with a focus on phosphorylation. We critically appraise recent evidence highlighting the involvement of mitochondrial and nuclear protein phosphorylation and/or translocation in skeletal muscle adaptive responses to an acute bout of endurance exercise that ultimately stimulate mitochondrial biogenesis and contribute to exercise's wider health and fitness benefits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth G Reisman
- Exercise and Nutrition Research Program, Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Level 5, 215 Spring Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - John A Hawley
- Exercise and Nutrition Research Program, Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Level 5, 215 Spring Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Nolan J Hoffman
- Exercise and Nutrition Research Program, Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Level 5, 215 Spring Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Dave S, Patel BM. Deliberation on debilitating condition of cancer cachexia: Skeletal muscle wasting. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2023; 37:1079-1091. [PMID: 37474262 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer cachexia is a debilitating syndrome associated with marked body loss because of muscular atrophy and fat loss. There are several mechanisms contributing to the pathogenesis of cachexia. The presence of the tumor releases cytokines from inflammatory and immune cells, which play a significant role in activating and deactivating certain pathways associated with protein, carbohydrate, and lipid metabolism. This review focuses on various cascades involving an imbalance between protein synthesis and degradation in the skeletal muscles. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to elucidate the mechanisms involved in skeletal muscle wasting phenomenon over the last few years. METHODS This article briefly overviews different pathways responsible for muscle atrophy in cancer cachexia. Studies published up to April 2023 were included. Important findings and study contributions were chosen and compiled using several databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and ClinicalTrials.gov using relevant keywords. RESULTS Cancer cachexia is a complex disease involving multiple factors resulting in atrophy of skeletal muscles. Systemic inflammation, altered energy balance and carbohydrate metabolism, altered lipid and protein metabolism, and adipose tissue browning are some of the major culprits in cancer cachexia. Increased protein degradation and decreased protein synthesis lead to muscle atrophy. Changes in signaling pathway like ubiquitin-proteasome, autophagy, mTOR, AMPK, and IGF-1 also lead to muscle wasting. Physical exercise, nutritional supplementation, steroids, myostatin inhibitors, and interventions targeting on inflammation have been investigated to treat cancer cachexia. Some therapy showed positive results in preclinical and clinical settings, although more research on the efficacy and safety of the treatment should be done. CONCLUSION Muscle atrophy in cancer cachexia is the result of multiple complex mechanisms; as a result, a lot more research has been done to describe the pathophysiology of the disease. Targeted therapy and multimodal interventions can improve clinical outcomes for patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Srusti Dave
- Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Bhoomika M Patel
- School of Medico-legal Studies, National Forensic Sciences University, Gandhinagar, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhao Y, Chen C, Pan J, Lam SM, Shui G, Yang S, Wu T, Yang N, Tao C, Zhao J, Wang Y. Adipocyte Rnf20 ablation increases the fast-twitch fibers of skeletal muscle via lysophosphatidylcholine 16:0. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:243. [PMID: 37555936 PMCID: PMC11072846 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04896-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Both adipose tissue and skeletal muscle are highly dynamic tissues and interact at the metabolic and hormonal levels in response to internal and external stress, and they coordinate in maintaining whole-body metabolic homeostasis. In our previous study, we revealed that adipocyte-specific Rnf20 knockout mice (ASKO mice) exhibited lower fat mass but higher lean mass, providing a good model for investigating the adipose-muscle crosstalk and exploring the effect of the adipocyte Rnf20 gene on the physiology and metabolism of skeletal muscle. Here, we confirmed that ASKO mice exhibited the significantly increased body weight and gastrocnemius muscle weight. Fiber-type switching in the soleus muscle of ASKO mice was observed, as evidenced by the increased number of fast-twitch fibers and decreased number of slow-twitch fibers. Serum metabolites with significant alteration in abundance were identified by metabolomic analysis and the elevated lysophosphatidylcholine 16:0 [LysoPC (16:0)] was observed in ASKO mice. In addition, lipidome analysis of gonadal white adipose tissue revealed a significant increase in LysoPCs and LysoPC (16:0) in ASKO mice. Furthermore, knockdown of Rnf20 gene in 3T3-L1 cells significantly increased the secretion of LysoPC, suggesting that LysoPC might be a critical metabolite in the adipose-muscle crosstalk of ASKO mice. Furthermore, in vitro study demonstrated that LysoPC (16:0) could induce the expression of fast-twitch muscle fibers related genes in differentiated C2C12 cells, indicating its potential role in adipose-muscle crosstalk. Taken together, these findings not only expand our understanding of the biological functions of Rnf20 gene in systemic lipid metabolism, but also provide insight into adipose tissue dysfunction-induced physiological alterations in skeletal muscle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Chuanhe Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jianfei Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Sin Man Lam
- Institute of Genetics and Development Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Guanghou Shui
- Institute of Genetics and Development Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Shulin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Tianwen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ning Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Cong Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Jianguo Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Yanfang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Dent JR, Stocks B, Campelj DG, Philp A. Transient changes to metabolic homeostasis initiate mitochondrial adaptation to endurance exercise. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2023; 143:3-16. [PMID: 35351374 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2022.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Endurance exercise is well established to increase mitochondrial content and function in skeletal muscle, a process termed mitochondrial biogenesis. Current understanding is that exercise initiates skeletal muscle mitochondrial remodeling via modulation of cellular nutrient, energetic and contractile stress pathways. These subtle changes in the cellular milieu are sensed by numerous transduction pathways that serve to initiate and coordinate an increase in mitochondrial gene transcription and translation. The result of these acute signaling events is the promotion of growth and assembly of mitochondria, coupled to a greater capacity for aerobic ATP provision in skeletal muscle. The aim of this review is to highlight the acute metabolic events induced by endurance exercise and the subsequent molecular pathways that sense this transient change in cellular homeostasis to drive mitochondrial adaptation and remodeling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica R Dent
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Ben Stocks
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Dean G Campelj
- Mitochondrial Metabolism and Ageing Laboratory, Healthy Ageing Research Theme, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
| | - Andrew Philp
- Mitochondrial Metabolism and Ageing Laboratory, Healthy Ageing Research Theme, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia; St Vincent's Medical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Disorders of cancer metabolism: The therapeutic potential of cannabinoids. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 157:113993. [PMID: 36379120 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal energy metabolism, as one of the important hallmarks of cancer, was induced by multiple carcinogenic factors and tumor-specific microenvironments. It comprises aerobic glycolysis, de novo lipid biosynthesis, and glutamine-dependent anaplerosis. Considering that metabolic reprogramming provides various nutrients for tumor survival and development, it has been considered a potential target for cancer therapy. Cannabinoids have been shown to exhibit a variety of anticancer activities by unclear mechanisms. This paper first reviews the recent progress of related signaling pathways (reactive oxygen species (ROS), AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1α), and p53) mediating the reprogramming of cancer metabolism (including glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, and amino acid metabolism). Then we comprehensively explore the latest discoveries and possible mechanisms of the anticancer effects of cannabinoids through the regulation of the above-mentioned related signaling pathways, to provide new targets and insights for cancer prevention and treatment.
Collapse
|
6
|
Malila Y, Thanatsang KV, Sanpinit P, Arayamethakorn S, Soglia F, Zappaterra M, Bordini M, Sirri F, Rungrassamee W, Davoli R, Petracci M. Differential expression patterns of genes associated with metabolisms, muscle growth and repair in Pectoralis major muscles of fast- and medium-growing chickens. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0275160. [PMID: 36190974 PMCID: PMC9529130 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of genes related to muscle growth, hypoxia and oxidative stress responses, a multi-substrate serine/threonine-protein kinase (AMPK) and AMPK-related kinases, carbohydrate metabolism, satellite cells activities and fibro- adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) in fast-growing (FG) (n = 30) and medium-growing (MG) chickens (n = 30). Pectoralis major muscles were collected at 7d, 14d, 21d, 28d, 35d and 42d of age. According to their macroscopic features, the samples from FG up to 21d of age were classified as unaffected, while all samples collected at an older age exhibited macroscopic features ascribable to white striping and/or wooden breast abnormalities. In contrast, MG samples did not show any feature associated to muscle disorders. The absolute transcript abundance of 33 target genes was examined by droplet digital polymerase chain reaction. The results showed differential gene expression profiles between FG and MG chickens at different ages. While most genes remained unchanged in MG chickens, the expression patterns of several genes in FG were significantly affected by age. Genes encoding alpha 1, alpha 2, beta 2 and gamma 3 isoforms of AMPK, as well as AMPK-related kinases, were identified as differentially expressed between the two strains. The results support the hypothesis of oxidative stress-induced muscle damage with metabolic alterations in FG chickens. An increased expression of ANXA2, DES, LITAF, MMP14, MYF5 and TGFB1 was observed in FG strain. The results suggest the occurrence of dysregulation of FAP proliferation and differentiation occurring during muscle repair. FAPs could play an important role in defining the proliferation of connective tissue (fibrosis) and deposition of intermuscular adipose tissue which represents distinctive traits of muscle abnormalities. Overall, these findings demonstrate that dysregulated molecular processes associated with myopathic lesions in chickens are strongly influenced by growth rate, and, to some extent, by age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuwares Malila
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), Pathum Thani, Thailand
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Pornnicha Sanpinit
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Sopacha Arayamethakorn
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Francesca Soglia
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Cesena (FC), Italy
| | - Martina Zappaterra
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna (BO), Italy
| | - Martina Bordini
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna (BO), Italy
| | - Federico Sirri
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Cesena (FC), Italy
| | - Wanilada Rungrassamee
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Roberta Davoli
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna (BO), Italy
| | - Massimiliano Petracci
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Cesena (FC), Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Charlot A, Morel L, Bringolf A, Georg I, Charles AL, Goupilleau F, Geny B, Zoll J. Octanoic Acid-Enrichment Diet Improves Endurance Capacity and Reprograms Mitochondrial Biogenesis in Skeletal Muscle of Mice. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14132721. [PMID: 35807901 PMCID: PMC9268503 DOI: 10.3390/nu14132721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Medium Chain Fatty Acids (MCFAs) are a dietary supplement that exhibit interesting properties, due to their smaller molecular size. The acute consumption of MCFAs is expected to enhance exercise performance. However, the short-term effects of MCFAs on endurance performance remains poorly understood. The aim of our study is to evaluate the octanoic acid (C8)-rich diet effect on endurance capacity, and to explore their molecular and cellular effects. Methods: C57BL/6J mice were fed with a chow diet (Control group) or an octanoic acid-rich diet (C8 diet) for 6 weeks. Spontaneous activity, submaximal and maximal exercise tests were carried out to characterize the exercise capacities of the mice. Beta-oxidation and mitochondrial biogenesis pathways were explored in skeletal muscle by RT-qPCR, Western Blot (Quadriceps) and histochemical staining (Gastrocnemius). Results: Mice fed with a C8-rich diet presented a higher spontaneous activity (p < 0.05) and endurance capacities (p < 0.05) than the control, but no effect on maximal effort was observed. They also presented changes in the skeletal muscle metabolic phenotype, with a higher number of the oxidative fibers, rich in mitochondria. At the molecular level, the C8-diet induced an AMPK activation (p < 0.05), associated with a significant increase in PGC1a and CS gene expression and protein levels. Conclusion: Our study provided evidence that C8-enrichment as a food supplementation improves endurance capacities and activates mitochondrial biogenesis pathways leading to higher skeletal muscle oxidative capacities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anouk Charlot
- Centre de Recherche de Biomédecine de Strasbourg, UR 3072 Mitochondrie, Stress Oxydant et Protection Musculaire, Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (A.B.); (I.G.); (A.-L.C.); (F.G.); (B.G.)
- Correspondence: (A.C.); (J.Z.)
| | - Lucas Morel
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 4354 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg;
- Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, 6, Rue-Kalergi, 1359 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Anthony Bringolf
- Centre de Recherche de Biomédecine de Strasbourg, UR 3072 Mitochondrie, Stress Oxydant et Protection Musculaire, Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (A.B.); (I.G.); (A.-L.C.); (F.G.); (B.G.)
| | - Isabelle Georg
- Centre de Recherche de Biomédecine de Strasbourg, UR 3072 Mitochondrie, Stress Oxydant et Protection Musculaire, Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (A.B.); (I.G.); (A.-L.C.); (F.G.); (B.G.)
| | - Anne-Laure Charles
- Centre de Recherche de Biomédecine de Strasbourg, UR 3072 Mitochondrie, Stress Oxydant et Protection Musculaire, Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (A.B.); (I.G.); (A.-L.C.); (F.G.); (B.G.)
| | - Fabienne Goupilleau
- Centre de Recherche de Biomédecine de Strasbourg, UR 3072 Mitochondrie, Stress Oxydant et Protection Musculaire, Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (A.B.); (I.G.); (A.-L.C.); (F.G.); (B.G.)
| | - Bernard Geny
- Centre de Recherche de Biomédecine de Strasbourg, UR 3072 Mitochondrie, Stress Oxydant et Protection Musculaire, Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (A.B.); (I.G.); (A.-L.C.); (F.G.); (B.G.)
- Service de Physiologie et d’Explorations Fonctionnelles Respiratoires, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Joffrey Zoll
- Centre de Recherche de Biomédecine de Strasbourg, UR 3072 Mitochondrie, Stress Oxydant et Protection Musculaire, Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (A.B.); (I.G.); (A.-L.C.); (F.G.); (B.G.)
- Service de Physiologie et d’Explorations Fonctionnelles Respiratoires, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Correspondence: (A.C.); (J.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Yang Q, Chan P. Skeletal Muscle Metabolic Alternation Develops Sarcopenia. Aging Dis 2022; 13:801-814. [PMID: 35656108 PMCID: PMC9116905 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2021.1107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is a new type of senile syndrome with progressive skeletal muscle mass loss with age, accompanied by decreased muscle strength and/or muscle function. Sarcopenia poses a serious threat to the health of the elderly and increases the burden of family and society. The underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of sarcopenia are still unclear. Recent studies have shown that changes of skeletal muscle metabolism are the risk factors for sarcopenia. Furthermore, the importance of the skeletal muscle metabolic microenvironment in regulating satellite cells (SCs) is gaining significant attention. Skeletal muscle metabolism has intrinsic relationship with the regulation of skeletal muscle mass and regeneration. This review is to discuss recent findings regarding skeletal muscle metabolic alternation and the development of sarcopenia, hoping to contribute better understanding and treatment of sarcopenia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiumei Yang
- Department of Neurology, Geriatrics and Neurobiology, National Clinical Research Center of Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Piu Chan
- Department of Neurology, Geriatrics and Neurobiology, National Clinical Research Center of Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
- Clinical Center for Parkinson’s Disease, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing, China.
- Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease of the Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory for Parkinson’s Disease, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
- Correspondence should be addressed to: Dr. Piu Chan, Department of Neurobiology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, 45 Changchun Road, Beijing 100053, China. .
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Fix DK, Counts BR, Smuder AJ, Sarzynski MA, Koh H, Carson JA. Wheel running improves fasting-induced AMPK signaling in skeletal muscle from tumor-bearing mice. Physiol Rep 2021; 9:e14924. [PMID: 34270178 PMCID: PMC8284248 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Disruptions to muscle protein turnover and metabolic regulation contribute to muscle wasting during the progression of cancer cachexia. The initiation of cachexia is also associated with decreased physical activity. While chronic muscle AMPK activation occurs during cachexia progression in ApcMin/+ (MIN) mice, a preclinical cachexia model, the understanding of muscle AMPK's role during cachexia initiation is incomplete. Therefore, we examined if voluntary wheel exercise could improve skeletal muscle AMPK signaling in pre-cachectic MIN mice. Next, we examined muscle AMPK's role in aberrant catabolic signaling in response to a 12-h fast in mice initiating cachexia. Male C57BL/6 (B6: N = 26) and MIN (N = 29) mice were subjected to ad libitum feeding, 12-h fast, or 4 wks. of wheel access and then a 12-h fast during the initiation of cachexia. Male tamoxifen-inducible skeletal muscle AMPKα1 α2 (KO) knockout mice crossed with ApcMin/+ and floxed controls were examined (WT: N = 8, KO: N = 8, MIN: N = 10, MIN KO: N = 6). Male mice underwent a 12-h fast and the gastrocnemius muscle was analyzed. MIN gastrocnemius mass was reduced compared to B6 mice. A 12-h fast induced MIN muscle AMPKT172 , FOXOS413 , and ULK-1S555 phosphorylation compared to B6. Wheel running attenuated these inductions. A 12-h fast induced MIN muscle MuRF-1 protein expression compared to B6 and was suppressed by wheel running. Additionally, fasting induced muscle autophagy signaling and disrupted mitochondrial quality protein expression in the MIN, which was prevented in the MIN KO. We provide evidence that increased skeletal muscle AMPK sensitivity to a 12-h fast is an adverse event in pre-cachectic MIN mice, and exercise can improve this regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dennis K. Fix
- Department of Exercise ScienceArnold School of Public HealthUniversity of South CarolinaColumbiaSCUSA
| | - Brittany R. Counts
- Integrative Muscle Biology LaboratoryDivision of Rehabilitation SciencesCollege of Health ProfessionsUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTNUSA
| | - Ashley J. Smuder
- Department of Applied Physiology & KinesiologyCollege of Health & Human PerformanceUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA
| | - Mark A. Sarzynski
- Department of Exercise ScienceArnold School of Public HealthUniversity of South CarolinaColumbiaSCUSA
| | - Ho‐Jin Koh
- Department of Exercise ScienceArnold School of Public HealthUniversity of South CarolinaColumbiaSCUSA
| | - James A. Carson
- Integrative Muscle Biology LaboratoryDivision of Rehabilitation SciencesCollege of Health ProfessionsUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTNUSA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Chen YL, Yen IC, Lin KT, Lai FY, Lee SY. 4-Acetylantrocamol LT3, a New Ubiquinone from Antrodia cinnamomea, Inhibits Hepatocellular Carcinoma HepG2 Cell Growth by Targeting YAP/TAZ, mTOR, and WNT/β-Catenin Signaling. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2020; 48:1243-1261. [PMID: 32668963 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x20500615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
4-acetylantrocamol LT3 (4AALT3), a new ubiquinone from the mycelium of Antrodia cinnamomea (Polyporaceae), has been recently shown to possess anticancer activity. However, the detailed mechanisms of such action remain unclear. In this study, the molecular mechanisms of 4AALT3 on hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HCC) were investigated. Human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG2 cells were treated with concentrations of 4AALT3. Cell viability, colony formation, and the underlying mechanisms were then analyzed by CCK-8, colony formation, qPCR, and Western blotting assays. We found that 4AALT3 significantly decreased cell viability and colony formation in a dose-dependent manner. Accordingly, 4AALT3 significantly decreased protein levels of cyclin B, E1, D1, and D3, thereby facilitating cell cycle arrest. In addition, 4AALT3 significantly suppressed the nuclear localization of Yes-associated protein (YAP)/transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and WNT/[Formula: see text]-catenin signaling pathways, all of which are well-known signaling pathways that contribute to the malignant properties of HCC. These effects are associated with activation of 5' AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and autophagy. Our findings indicate that 4AALT3 exerts inhibitory effects on HepG2 cell growth via multiple signaling pathways and may be a potential agent for HCC therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Lin Chen
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Radiology, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - I-Chuan Yen
- School of Pharmacy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuen-Tze Lin
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Yi Lai
- Graduate Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Yu Lee
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Fu DJ, Zhang YF, Chang AQ, Li J. β-Lactams as promising anticancer agents: Molecular hybrids, structure activity relationships and potential targets. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 201:112510. [PMID: 32592915 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
β-Lactam, commonly referred as azetidin-2-one, is a multifunctional building block for synthesizing β-amino ketones, γ-amino alcohols, and other compounds. Besides its well known antibiotic activity, this ring system exhibits a wide range of activities, attracting the attention of researchers. However, the structurally diverse β-lactam analogues as anticancer agents and their different molecular targets are poorly discussed. The purpose of this review is 3-fold: (1) to explore the molecular hybridization approach to design β-lactams hybrids as anticancer agents; (2) the structure activity relationship of the most active anticancer β-lactams and (3) to summarize their antitumor mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Jun Fu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun-Feng Zhang
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - An-Qi Chang
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Sun Y, Zhou S, Guo H, Zhang J, Ma T, Zheng Y, Zhang Z, Cai L. Protective effects of sulforaphane on type 2 diabetes-induced cardiomyopathy via AMPK-mediated activation of lipid metabolic pathways and NRF2 function. Metabolism 2020; 102:154002. [PMID: 31706979 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2019.154002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), particularly AMPKα2 isoform, plays a critical role in maintaining cardiac homeostasis. It was reported that sulforaphane (SFN) prevented type 2 diabetes (T2D)-induced cardiomyopathy accompanied by the activation of AMPK; In this study, AMPK's pivotal role in SFN-mediated prevention against T2D-induced cardiomyopathy was tested using global deletion of AMPKα2 gene (AMPKα2-KO) mice. METHODS AND RESULTS T2D was established by feeding 3-month high-fat diet (HFD) to induce insulin resistance, followed by an intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) to induce mild hyperglycemia in both AMPKα2-KO and wild-type (WT) mice. Then both T2D and control mice were subsequently treated with or without SFN for 3 months while continually feeding HFD or normal diet. Upon completion of the 3-month treatment, five mice from each group were sacrificed as a 3-month time-point (3 M). The rest continued normal diet or HFD until terminating study at the sixth month (6 M) of diabetes. Cardiac function was examined with echocardiography before sacrifice at both 3 M and 6 M. SFN prevented T2D-induced progression of cardiac dysfunction, remodeling (hypertrophy and fibrosis), inflammation, and oxidative damage in wild-type diabetic mice, but not in AMPKα2-KO mice. Mechanistically, SFN prevented T2D-induced cardiomyopathy not only by improving AMPK-mediated lipid metabolic pathways, but also enhancing NRF2 activation via AMPK/AKT/GSK3β pathway. However, these improving effects of SFN were abolished in AMPKα2-KO diabetic mice. CONCLUSIONS AMPK is indispensable for the SFN-induced prevention of cardiomyopathy in T2D, and the activation of NRF2 by SFN is mediated by AMPK/AKT/GSK3β signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yike Sun
- Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville, Louisville 40202, USA
| | - Shanshan Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Hua Guo
- Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; Department of Immunology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville, Louisville 40202, USA
| | - Tianjiao Ma
- Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville, Louisville 40202, USA; Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Yang Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Zhiguo Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Lu Cai
- Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville, Louisville 40202, USA; Departments of Radiation Oncology and Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Rosa-Caldwell ME, Fix DK, Washington TA, Greene NP. Muscle alterations in the development and progression of cancer-induced muscle atrophy: a review. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2019; 128:25-41. [PMID: 31725360 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00622.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cachexia-cancer-associated body weight and muscle loss-is a significant predictor of mortality and morbidity in cancer patients across a variety of cancer types. However, despite the negative prognosis associated with cachexia onset, there are no clinical therapies approved to treat or prevent cachexia. This lack of treatment may be partially due to the relative dearth of literature on mechanisms occurring within the muscle before the onset of muscle wasting. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to compile the current scientific literature on mechanisms contributing to the development and progression of cancer cachexia, including protein turnover, inflammatory signaling, and mitochondrial dysfunction. We define "development" as changes in cell function occurring before the onset of cachexia and "progression" as alterations to cell function that coincide with the exacerbation of muscle wasting. Overall, the current literature suggests that multiple aspects of cellular function, such as protein turnover, inflammatory signaling, and mitochondrial quality, are altered before the onset of muscle loss during cancer cachexia and clearly highlights the need to study more thoroughly the developmental stages of cachexia. The studying of these early aberrations will allow for the development of effective therapeutics to prevent the onset of cachexia and improve health outcomes in cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Megan E Rosa-Caldwell
- Integrative Muscle Metabolism Laboratory, Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Human Health Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas
| | - Dennis K Fix
- Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Tyrone A Washington
- Exercise Muscle Biology Laboratory, Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Human Health Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas
| | - Nicholas P Greene
- Integrative Muscle Metabolism Laboratory, Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Human Health Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Vamecq J, Papegay B, Nuyens V, Boogaerts J, Leo O, Kruys V. Mitochondrial dysfunction, AMPK activation and peroxisomal metabolism: A coherent scenario for non-canonical 3-methylglutaconic acidurias. Biochimie 2019; 168:53-82. [PMID: 31626852 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2019.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The occurrence of 3-methylglutaconic aciduria (3-MGA) is a well understood phenomenon in leucine oxidation and ketogenesis disorders (primary 3-MGAs). In contrast, its genesis in non-canonical (secondary) 3-MGAs, a growing-up group of disorders encompassing more than a dozen of inherited metabolic diseases, is a mystery still remaining unresolved for three decades. To puzzle out this anthologic problem of metabolism, three clues were considered: (i) the variety of disorders suggests a common cellular target at the cross-road of metabolic and signaling pathways, (ii) the response to leucine loading test only discriminative for primary but not secondary 3-MGAs suggests these latter are disorders of extramitochondrial HMG-CoA metabolism as also attested by their failure to increase 3-hydroxyisovalerate, a mitochondrial metabolite accumulating only in primary 3-MGAs, (iii) the peroxisome is an extramitochondrial site possessing its own pool and displaying metabolism of HMG-CoA, suggesting its possible involvement in producing extramitochondrial 3-methylglutaconate (3-MG). Following these clues provides a unifying common basis to non-canonical 3-MGAs: constitutive mitochondrial dysfunction induces AMPK activation which, by inhibiting early steps in cholesterol and fatty acid syntheses, pipelines cytoplasmic acetyl-CoA to peroxisomes where a rise in HMG-CoA followed by local dehydration and hydrolysis may lead to 3-MGA yield. Additional contributors are considered, notably for 3-MGAs associated with hyperammonemia, and to a lesser extent in CLPB deficiency. Metabolic and signaling itineraries followed by the proposed scenario are essentially sketched, being provided with compelling evidence from the literature coming in their support.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Vamecq
- Inserm, CHU Lille, Univ Lille, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Laboratory of Hormonology, Metabolism-Nutrition & Oncology (HMNO), Center of Biology and Pathology (CBP) Pierre-Marie Degand, CHRU Lille, EA 7364 RADEME, University of North France, Lille, France.
| | - Bérengère Papegay
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine (ULB unit 222), University Hospital Center, Charleroi, (CHU Charleroi), Belgium
| | - Vincent Nuyens
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine (ULB unit 222), University Hospital Center, Charleroi, (CHU Charleroi), Belgium
| | - Jean Boogaerts
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine (ULB unit 222), University Hospital Center, Charleroi, (CHU Charleroi), Belgium
| | - Oberdan Leo
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Molecular Biology, ULB Immunology Research Center (UIRC), Free University of Brussels (ULB), Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Véronique Kruys
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of the Gene, Department of Molecular Biology, ULB Immunology Research Center (UIRC), Free University of Brussels (ULB), Gosselies, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Choi RH, McConahay A, Johnson MB, Jeong HW, Koh HJ. Adipose tissue-specific knockout of AMPKα1/α2 results in normal AICAR tolerance and glucose metabolism. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 519:633-638. [PMID: 31540695 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.09.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a member of Ser/Thr kinases that has been shown to regulate energy balance. Although recent studies have demonstrated the function of AMPK in adipose tissue using different fat-specific AMPK knockout mouse models, the results were somewhat inconsistent. For this study, we tested the hypothesis that AMPK in adipose tissue regulates whole body glucose metabolism. To determine the role of adipose tissue AMPK in vivo, we generated fat-specific AMPKα1/α2 knockout mice (AMPKFKO) using the Cre-loxP system. Body weights of AMPKFKO mice were not different between 8 and 27 weeks of age. Furthermore, tissue weights (liver, kidney, muscle, heart and white and brown adipose tissue) were similar to wild type littermates and DEXA scan analysis revealed no differences in percentages of body fat and lean mass. Knockout of AMPKα1/α2 in adipose tissue abolished basal and AICAR-stimulated phosphorylation of AMPK and Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase, a downstream of AMPK. Despite of the ablation of AICAR-stimulated AMPK phosphorylation, the blood glucose-lowering effect of AICAR injection (i.p.) was normal in AMPKFKO mice. In addition, AMPKFKO displayed normal fasting blood glucose concentration, glucose tolerance, insulin tolerance, and insulin signaling, indicating normal whole body glucose metabolism. These data demonstrate that adipose tissue AMPK plays a minimum role in whole body glucose metabolism on a chow diet.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ran Hee Choi
- Division of Applied Physiology, Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Abigail McConahay
- Division of Applied Physiology, Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Mackenzie B Johnson
- Division of Applied Physiology, Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Ha-Won Jeong
- Division of Applied Physiology, Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Ho-Jin Koh
- Division of Applied Physiology, Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Bertrand C, Pradère JP, Geoffre N, Deleruyelle S, Masri B, Personnaz J, Le Gonidec S, Batut A, Louche K, Moro C, Valet P, Castan-Laurell I. Chronic apelin treatment improves hepatic lipid metabolism in obese and insulin-resistant mice by an indirect mechanism. Endocrine 2018; 60:112-121. [PMID: 29392617 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-018-1536-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Apelin treatment has been shown to improve insulin sensitivity in insulin resistant mice by acting in skeletal muscles. However, the effects of systemic apelin on the hepatic energy metabolism have not been addressed. We thus aimed to determine the effect of chronic apelin treatment on the hepatic lipid metabolism in insulin resistant mice. The apelin receptor (APJ) expression was also studied in this context since its regulation has only been reported in severe liver pathologies. METHODS Mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) in order to become obese and insulin resistant compared to chow fed mice (CD). HFD mice then received a daily intraperitoneal injection of apelin (0.1 µmol/kg) or PBS during 28 days. RESULTS Triglycerides content and the expression of different lipogenesis-related genes were significantly decreased in the liver of HFD apelin-treated compared to PBS-treated mice. Moreover, at this stage of insulin resistance, the beta-oxidation was increased in liver homogenates of HFD PBS-treated mice compared to CD mice and reduced in HFD apelin-treated mice. Finally, APJ expression was not up-regulated in the liver of insulin resistant mice. In isolated hepatocytes from chow and HFD fed mice, apelin did not induce significant effect. CONCLUSIONS Altogether, these results suggest that systemic apelin treatment decreases steatosis in insulin resistant mice without directly targeting hepatocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chantal Bertrand
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, INSERM U1048, Toulouse, France
- Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Pradère
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, INSERM U1048, Toulouse, France
- Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Nancy Geoffre
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, INSERM U1048, Toulouse, France
- Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Simon Deleruyelle
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, INSERM U1048, Toulouse, France
- Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Bernard Masri
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, INSERM U1048, Toulouse, France
- Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean Personnaz
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, INSERM U1048, Toulouse, France
- Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Sophie Le Gonidec
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, INSERM U1048, Toulouse, France
- Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Aurélie Batut
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, INSERM U1048, Toulouse, France
- Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Katie Louche
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, INSERM U1048, Toulouse, France
- Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Cédric Moro
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, INSERM U1048, Toulouse, France
- Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Philippe Valet
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, INSERM U1048, Toulouse, France
- Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Isabelle Castan-Laurell
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, INSERM U1048, Toulouse, France.
- Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Yiqi Yangyin and Huatan Quyu granule can improve skeletal muscle energy metabolism in a type 2 diabetic rat model by promoting the AMPK/SIRT/PGC-1α signalling pathway. JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICAL SCIENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcms.2018.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
|
18
|
Arha D, Ramakrishna E, Gupta AP, Rai AK, Sharma A, Ahmad I, Riyazuddin M, Gayen JR, Maurya R, Tamrakar AK. Isoalantolactone derivative promotes glucose utilization in skeletal muscle cells and increases energy expenditure in db/db mice via activating AMPK-dependent signaling. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2018; 460:134-151. [PMID: 28736255 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Augmenting glucose utilization and energy expenditure in skeletal muscle via AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is an imperative mechanism for the management of type 2 diabetes. Chemical derivatives (2a-2h, 3, 4a-4d, 5) of the isoalantolactone (K007), a bioactive molecule from roots of Inula racemosa were synthesized to optimize the bioactivity profile to stimulate glucose utilization in skeletal muscle cells. Interestingly, 4a augmented glucose uptake, driven by enhanced translocation of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) to cell periphery in L6 rat skeletal muscle cells. The effect of 4a was independent to phosphatidylinositide-3-kinase (PI-3-K)/Akt pathway, but mediated through Liver kinase B1 (LKB1)/AMPK-dependent signaling, leading to activation of downstream targets acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase (ACC) and sterol regulatory element binding protein 1c (SREBP-1c). In db/db mice, 4a administration decreased blood glucose level and improved body mass index, lipid parameters and glucose tolerance associated with elevation of GLUT4 expression in skeletal muscle. Moreover, 4a increased energy expenditure via activating substrate utilization and upregulated the expression of thermogenic transcription factors and mitochondrial proteins in skeletal muscle, suggesting the regulation of energy balance. These findings suggest the potential implication of isoalantolactone derivatives for the management of diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deepti Arha
- Biochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi 110001, India
| | - E Ramakrishna
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Anand P Gupta
- Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Amit K Rai
- Biochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Aditya Sharma
- Biochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Ishbal Ahmad
- Biochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Mohammed Riyazuddin
- Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Jiaur R Gayen
- Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Rakesh Maurya
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Akhilesh K Tamrakar
- Biochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi 110001, India.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Kjøbsted R, Hingst JR, Fentz J, Foretz M, Sanz MN, Pehmøller C, Shum M, Marette A, Mounier R, Treebak JT, Wojtaszewski JFP, Viollet B, Lantier L. AMPK in skeletal muscle function and metabolism. FASEB J 2018; 32:1741-1777. [PMID: 29242278 PMCID: PMC5945561 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201700442r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 258] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle possesses a remarkable ability to adapt to various physiologic conditions. AMPK is a sensor of intracellular energy status that maintains energy stores by fine-tuning anabolic and catabolic pathways. AMPK’s role as an energy sensor is particularly critical in tissues displaying highly changeable energy turnover. Due to the drastic changes in energy demand that occur between the resting and exercising state, skeletal muscle is one such tissue. Here, we review the complex regulation of AMPK in skeletal muscle and its consequences on metabolism (e.g., substrate uptake, oxidation, and storage as well as mitochondrial function of skeletal muscle fibers). We focus on the role of AMPK in skeletal muscle during exercise and in exercise recovery. We also address adaptations to exercise training, including skeletal muscle plasticity, highlighting novel concepts and future perspectives that need to be investigated. Furthermore, we discuss the possible role of AMPK as a therapeutic target as well as different AMPK activators and their potential for future drug development.—Kjøbsted, R., Hingst, J. R., Fentz, J., Foretz, M., Sanz, M.-N., Pehmøller, C., Shum, M., Marette, A., Mounier, R., Treebak, J. T., Wojtaszewski, J. F. P., Viollet, B., Lantier, L. AMPK in skeletal muscle function and metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rasmus Kjøbsted
- Section of Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Janne R Hingst
- Section of Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Joachim Fentz
- Section of Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marc Foretz
- INSERM, Unité 1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Maria-Nieves Sanz
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland, and.,Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christian Pehmøller
- Internal Medicine Research Unit, Pfizer Global Research and Development, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Michael Shum
- Axe Cardiologie, Quebec Heart and Lung Research Institute, Laval University, Québec, Canada.,Institute for Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec, Canada
| | - André Marette
- Axe Cardiologie, Quebec Heart and Lung Research Institute, Laval University, Québec, Canada.,Institute for Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec, Canada
| | - Remi Mounier
- Institute NeuroMyoGène, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM Unité 1217, CNRS UMR, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Jonas T Treebak
- Section of Integrative Physiology, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jørgen F P Wojtaszewski
- Section of Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Benoit Viollet
- INSERM, Unité 1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Louise Lantier
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.,Mouse Metabolic Phenotyping Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Analysis of mitochondrial organization and function in the Drosophila blastoderm embryo. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5502. [PMID: 28710464 PMCID: PMC5511145 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05679-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are inherited maternally as globular and immature organelles in metazoan embryos. We have used the Drosophila blastoderm embryo to characterize their morphology, distribution and functions in embryogenesis. We find that mitochondria are relatively small, dispersed and distinctly distributed along the apico-basal axis in proximity to microtubules by motor protein transport. Live imaging, photobleaching and photoactivation analyses of mitochondrially targeted GFP show that they are mobile in the apico-basal axis along microtubules and are immobile in the lateral plane thereby associating with one syncytial cell. Photoactivated mitochondria distribute equally to daughter cells across the division cycles. ATP depletion by pharmacological and genetic inhibition of the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) activates AMPK and decreases syncytial metaphase furrow extension. In summary, we show that small and dispersed mitochondria of the Drosophila blastoderm embryo localize by microtubule transport and provide ATP locally for the fast syncytial division cycles. Our study opens the possibility of use of Drosophila embryogenesis as a model system to study the impact of maternal mutations in mitochondrial morphology and metabolism on embryo patterning and differentiation.
Collapse
|
21
|
Multi-regulatory network of ROS: the interconnection of ROS, PGC-1 alpha, and AMPK-SIRT1 during exercise. J Physiol Biochem 2017; 73:487-494. [DOI: 10.1007/s13105-017-0576-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
|
22
|
Kjøbsted R, Wojtaszewski JFP, Treebak JT. Role of AMP-Activated Protein Kinase for Regulating Post-exercise Insulin Sensitivity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 107:81-126. [PMID: 27812978 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-43589-3_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle insulin resistance precedes development of type 2 diabetes (T2D). As skeletal muscle is a major sink for glucose disposal, understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in maintaining insulin sensitivity of this tissue could potentially benefit millions of people that are diagnosed with insulin resistance. Regular physical activity in both healthy and insulin-resistant individuals is recognized as the single most effective intervention to increase whole-body insulin sensitivity and thereby positively affect glucose homeostasis. A single bout of exercise has long been known to increase glucose disposal in skeletal muscle in response to physiological insulin concentrations. While this effect is identified to be restricted to the previously exercised muscle, the molecular basis for an apparent convergence between exercise- and insulin-induced signaling pathways is incompletely known. In recent years, we and others have identified the Rab GTPase-activating protein, TBC1 domain family member 4 (TBC1D4) as a target of key protein kinases in the insulin- and exercise-activated signaling pathways. Our working hypothesis is that the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is important for the ability of exercise to insulin sensitize skeletal muscle through TBC1D4. Here, we aim to provide an overview of the current available evidence linking AMPK to post-exercise insulin sensitivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rasmus Kjøbsted
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Integrative Physiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3b, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Section of Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jørgen F P Wojtaszewski
- Section of Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jonas T Treebak
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Integrative Physiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3b, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Jung HW, Kang AN, Kang SY, Park YK, Song MY. The Root Extract of Pueraria lobata and Its Main Compound, Puerarin, Prevent Obesity by Increasing the Energy Metabolism in Skeletal Muscle. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9010033. [PMID: 28054981 PMCID: PMC5295077 DOI: 10.3390/nu9010033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2016] [Revised: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Radix Pueraria lobata (RP) has been reported to prevent obesity and improve glucose metabolism; however, the mechanism responsible for these effects has not been elucidated. The mechanism underlying anti-obesity effect of RP was investigated in high-fat diet (HFD) induced obese mice and skeletal muscle cells (C2C12). Five-week-old C5BL/6 mice were fed a HFD containing or not containing RP (100 or 300 mg/kg) or metformin (250 mg/kg) for 16 weeks. RP reduced body weight gain, lipid accumulation in liver, and adipocyte and blood lipid levels. In addition, RP dose-dependently improved hyperglycemia, insulinemia, and glucose tolerance, and prevented the skeletal muscle atrophy induced by HFD. Furthermore, RP increased the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α) expression and phosphorylation of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in skeletal muscle tissues. RP and its main component, puerarin, increased mitochondrial biogenesis and myotube hypertrophy in C2C12 cells. The present study demonstrates that RP can prevent diet-induced obesity, glucose tolerance, and skeletal muscle atrophy in mouse models of obesity. The mechanism responsible for the effect of RP appears to be related to the upregulation of energy metabolism in skeletal muscle, which at the molecular level may be associated with PGC-1α and AMPK activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Won Jung
- Department of Herbology, College of Korean medicine, Dongguk University, Dongdaero 123, Gyeongju-si 38066, Korea.
- Korean Medicine R&D Center, College of Korean medicine, Dongguk University, Dongdaero 123, Gyeongju-si 38066, Korea.
| | - An Na Kang
- Department of Herbology, College of Korean medicine, Dongguk University, Dongdaero 123, Gyeongju-si 38066, Korea.
- Korean Medicine R&D Center, College of Korean medicine, Dongguk University, Dongdaero 123, Gyeongju-si 38066, Korea.
| | - Seok Yong Kang
- Department of Herbology, College of Korean medicine, Dongguk University, Dongdaero 123, Gyeongju-si 38066, Korea.
- Korean Medicine R&D Center, College of Korean medicine, Dongguk University, Dongdaero 123, Gyeongju-si 38066, Korea.
| | - Yong-Ki Park
- Department of Herbology, College of Korean medicine, Dongguk University, Dongdaero 123, Gyeongju-si 38066, Korea.
- Korean Medicine R&D Center, College of Korean medicine, Dongguk University, Dongdaero 123, Gyeongju-si 38066, Korea.
| | - Mi Young Song
- Korean Medicine R&D Center, College of Korean medicine, Dongguk University, Dongdaero 123, Gyeongju-si 38066, Korea.
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Korean Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Dongdaero 123, Gyeongju-si 38066, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Qin Z, Wan JJ, Sun Y, Wang PY, Su DF, Lei H, Liu X. ORM Promotes Skeletal Muscle Glycogen Accumulation via CCR5-Activated AMPK Pathway in Mice. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:302. [PMID: 27679573 PMCID: PMC5020064 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
We found previously that acute phase protein orosomucoid reacts to fatigue and activates C-C chemokine receptor type 5 to increase muscle glycogen storage and enhance muscle endurance (Lei et al., 2016). To explore the underlying molecular mechanisms, we investigated the role of AMP-activated protein kinase, a critical fuel sensor in skeletal muscle, in C-C chemokine receptor type 5-mediated orosomucoid action. It was found orosomucoid increased skeletal muscle AMP-activated protein kinase activation in a time- and dose- dependent manner, which was largely prevented by pharmacological blocking or knockout of C-C chemokine receptor type 5. Administration of orosomucoid also significantly increased the de-phosphorylation and activity of muscle glycogen synthase, the rate-limiting enzyme for glycogen synthesis. The effect was largely absent in mice deficient in C-C chemokine receptor type 5−/− or AMP-activated protein kinase α2−/−, the predominant isoform in skeletal muscle. Moreover, deletion of AMP-activated protein kinase α2 abolished the effect of orosomucoid on fatigue and muscle glycogen. These findings indicate that orosomucoid may promote glycogen storage and enhance muscle function through C-C chemokine receptor type 5-mdiated activation of AMP-activated protein kinase, which in turn activates glycogen synthase and increases muscle glycogen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Qin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University Shanghai, China
| | - Jing-Jing Wan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University Shanghai, China
| | - Peng-Yuan Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University Shanghai, China
| | - Ding-Feng Su
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Lei
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University Shanghai, China
| | - Xia Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Taylor A, Schenkel LC, Yokich M, Bakovic M. Adaptations to excess choline in insulin resistant and Pcyt2 deficient skeletal muscle. Biochem Cell Biol 2016; 95:223-231. [PMID: 28068143 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2016-0105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
It was hypothesized that choline supplementation in insulin resistant (IR) CTP:phosphoethanolamine cytidylyltransferase deficient (Pcyt2+/-) mice would ameliorate muscle function by remodeling glucose and fatty acid (FA) metabolism. Pcyt2+/- mice either received no treatment or were allowed access to 2 mg/mL choline in drinking water for 4 weeks. Skeletal muscle was harvested from choline treated and untreated mice. Lipid analysis and metabolic gene expression and signaling pathways were compared between untreated Pcyt2+/- mice, treated Pcyt2+/- mice, and Pcyt2+/+ mice. The major positive effect of choline supplementation on IR muscle was the reduction of glucose utilization for FA and triglyceride (TAG) synthesis and increased muscle glucose storage as glycogen. Choline reduced the expression of genes for FA and TAG formation (Scd1, Fas, Srebp1c, Dgat1/2), upregulated the genes for FA oxidation (Cpt1, Pparα, Pgc1α), and had minor effects on phospholipid and lipolysis genes. Pcyt2+/- muscle had reduced insulin signaling (IRS1), autophagy (LC3), and choline transport (CTL1) proteins that were restored by choline treatment. Additionally, choline activated AMPK and Akt while inhibiting mTORC1 phosphorylation. These data established that choline supplementation could restore muscle glucose metabolism by reducing lipogenesis and improving mitochondrial and intracellular signaling for protein and energy metabolism in insulin resistant Pcyt2 deficient mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Taylor
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.,Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Laila Cigana Schenkel
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.,Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Maiya Yokich
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.,Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Marica Bakovic
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.,Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Cleasby ME, Jamieson PM, Atherton PJ. Insulin resistance and sarcopenia: mechanistic links between common co-morbidities. J Endocrinol 2016; 229:R67-81. [PMID: 26931135 DOI: 10.1530/joe-15-0533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 322] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Insulin resistance (IR) in skeletal muscle is a key defect mediating the link between obesity and type 2 diabetes, a disease that typically affects people in later life. Sarcopenia (age-related loss of muscle mass and quality) is a risk factor for a number of frailty-related conditions that occur in the elderly. In addition, a syndrome of 'sarcopenic obesity' (SO) is now increasingly recognised, which is common in older people and is applied to individuals that simultaneously show obesity, IR and sarcopenia. Such individuals are at an increased risk of adverse health events compared with those who are obese or sarcopenic alone. However, there are no licenced treatments for sarcopenia or SO, the syndrome is poorly defined clinically and the mechanisms that might explain a common aetiology are not yet well characterised. In this review, we detail the nature and extent of the clinical syndrome, highlight some of the key physiological processes that are dysregulated and discuss some candidate molecular pathways that could be implicated in both metabolic and anabolic defects in skeletal muscle, with an eye towards future therapeutic options. In particular, the potential roles of Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin signalling, AMP-activated protein kinase, myostatin, urocortins and vitamin D are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark E Cleasby
- Department of Comparative Biomedical SciencesRoyal Veterinary College, University of London, London, UK
| | - Pauline M Jamieson
- Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceQueen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Philip J Atherton
- Division of Medical Sciences and Graduate Entry MedicineUniversity of Nottingham, Medical School, Royal Derby Hospital, Derby, UK
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Ray Hamidie RD, Yamada T, Ishizawa R, Saito Y, Masuda K. Curcumin treatment enhances the effect of exercise on mitochondrial biogenesis in skeletal muscle by increasing cAMP levels. Metabolism 2015; 64:1334-47. [PMID: 26278015 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2015.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Revised: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 07/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In response to physiologic stressors, skeletal muscle has the potential to elicit wide variety of adaptive responses, such as biogenesis of mitochondria and clearance of damaged mitochondria to promote healthy muscle. The polyphenol curcumin, derived from the rhizome Curcuma longa L., is a natural antioxidant that exhibits various pharmacological activities and therapeutic properties. However, the effect of curcumin on the regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis in skeletal muscle remains unknown. The present study aimed to examine the effects of combination of endurance training (eTR) and curcumin treatment on the expression of AMPK, SIRT1, PGC-1α, and OXPHOS subunits, mitochondrial DNA copy number, and CS activity in rat skeletal muscle. Furthermore, the present study also examined the effect of exercise and curcumin treatment on the levels of cAMP and downstream targets of PKA including phosphorylated CREB and LKB-1. METHODS Ten-week-old male Wistar rats were randomly divided into non-eTR and eTR groups. Low doses (50 mg/kg-BW/day) or high doses (100 mg/kg-BW/day) of curcumin dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were injected intraperitoneally in all animals for 28 days to investigate the effect of curcumin alone and the combined effect of curcumin with eTR. Western blotting (WB) and immunoprecipitation (IP) were performed to detect the presence of proteins. RESULTS Our results demonstrated that combination of curcumin treatment and eTR increased the expression of COX-IV, OXPHOS subunits, mitochondrial DNA copy number and CS activity in the gastrocnemius (Gas) and soleus (Sol) muscles. In addition, this combination increased AMPK phosphorylation, NAD(+)/NADH ratio, SIRT1 expression, and PGC-1α deacetylation. Furthermore, curcumin treatment as well as exercise also increased levels of cAMP and downstream target of PKA including phosphorylation CREB and LKB-1 which are involved in the regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis. CONCLUSION Taken together, these results suggest that the combination of curcumin treatment and eTR has the potential to accelerate mitochondrial biogenesis in skeletal muscle by increasing cAMP levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ronald D Ray Hamidie
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan; Faculty of Sport and Health Education, Indonesia University of Education, West Java 40154, Indonesia
| | - Tatsuya Yamada
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Rie Ishizawa
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Yoko Saito
- Faculty of Human Sciences, Kanazawa Seiryo University, Ishikawa 920-8620, Japan
| | - Kazumi Masuda
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan; Faculty of Human Sciences, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Pant M, Bal NC, Periasamy M. Cold adaptation overrides developmental regulation of sarcolipin expression in mice skeletal muscle: SOS for muscle-based thermogenesis? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 218:2321-5. [PMID: 26026037 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.119164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Neonatal mice have a greater thermogenic need than adult mice and may require additional means of heat production, other than the established mechanism of brown adipose tissue (BAT). We and others recently discovered a novel mediator of skeletal muscle-based thermogenesis called sarcolipin (SLN) that acts by uncoupling sarcoendoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase (SERCA). In addition, we have shown that SLN expression is downregulated during neonatal development in rats. In this study we probed two questions: (1) is SLN expression developmentally regulated in neonatal mice?; and (2) if so, will cold adaptation override this? Our data show that SLN expression is higher during early neonatal stages and is gradually downregulated in fast twitch skeletal muscles. Interestingly, we demonstrate that cold acclimation of neonatal mice can prevent downregulation of SLN expression. This observation suggests that SLN-mediated thermogenesis can be recruited to a greater extent during extreme physiological need, in addition to BAT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meghna Pant
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Naresh C Bal
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Muthu Periasamy
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Coughlan KA, Balon TW, Valentine RJ, Petrocelli R, Schultz V, Brandon A, Cooney GJ, Kraegen EW, Ruderman NB, Saha AK. Nutrient Excess and AMPK Downregulation in Incubated Skeletal Muscle and Muscle of Glucose Infused Rats. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0127388. [PMID: 25996822 PMCID: PMC4440828 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously shown that incubation for 1h with excess glucose or leucine causes insulin resistance in rat extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscle by inhibiting AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). To examine the events that precede and follow these changes, studies were performed in rat EDL incubated with elevated levels of glucose or leucine for 30min-2h. Incubation in high glucose (25mM) or leucine (100μM) significantly diminished AMPK activity by 50% within 30min, with further decreases occurring at 1 and 2h. The initial decrease in activity at 30min coincided with a significant increase in muscle glycogen. The subsequent decreases at 1h were accompanied by phosphorylation of αAMPK at Ser485/491, and at 2h by decreased SIRT1 expression and increased PP2A activity, all of which have previously been shown to diminish AMPK activity. Glucose infusion in vivo, which caused several fold increases in plasma glucose and insulin, produced similar changes but with different timing. Thus, the initial decrease in AMPK activity observed at 3h was associated with changes in Ser485/491 phosphorylation and SIRT1 expression and increased PP2A activity was a later event. These findings suggest that both ex vivo and in vivo, multiple factors contribute to fuel-induced decreases in AMPK activity in skeletal muscle and the insulin resistance that accompanies it.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly A. Coughlan
- Department of Medicine, Section of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Thomas W. Balon
- Department of Medicine, Section of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Rudy J. Valentine
- Department of Medicine, Section of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Robert Petrocelli
- Department of Medicine, Section of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Vera Schultz
- Department of Medicine, Section of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Amanda Brandon
- Diabetes and Obesity Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research and School of Medical Sciences, University of NSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Gregory J. Cooney
- Diabetes and Obesity Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research and School of Medical Sciences, University of NSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Edward W. Kraegen
- Diabetes and Obesity Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research and School of Medical Sciences, University of NSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Neil B. Ruderman
- Department of Medicine, Section of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Asish K. Saha
- Department of Medicine, Section of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
O'Neill BT, Lauritzen HPMM, Hirshman MF, Smyth G, Goodyear LJ, Kahn CR. Differential Role of Insulin/IGF-1 Receptor Signaling in Muscle Growth and Glucose Homeostasis. Cell Rep 2015; 11:1220-35. [PMID: 25981038 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Revised: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) are major regulators of muscle protein and glucose homeostasis. To determine how these pathways interact, we generated mice with muscle-specific knockout of IGF-1 receptor (IGF1R) and insulin receptor (IR). These MIGIRKO mice showed >60% decrease in muscle mass. Despite a complete lack of insulin/IGF-1 signaling in muscle, MIGIRKO mice displayed normal glucose and insulin tolerance. Indeed, MIGIRKO mice showed fasting hypoglycemia and increased basal glucose uptake. This was secondary to decreased TBC1D1 resulting in increased Glut4 and Glut1 membrane localization. Interestingly, overexpression of a dominant-negative IGF1R in muscle induced glucose intolerance in MIGIRKO animals. Thus, loss of insulin/IGF-1 signaling impairs muscle growth, but not whole-body glucose tolerance due to increased membrane localization of glucose transporters. Nonetheless, presence of a dominant-negative receptor, even in the absence of functional IR/IGF1R, induces glucose intolerance, indicating that interactions between these receptors and other proteins in muscle can impair glucose homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian T O'Neill
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Hans P M M Lauritzen
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Michael F Hirshman
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Graham Smyth
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Laurie J Goodyear
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - C Ronald Kahn
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Shan T, Zhang P, Bi P, Kuang S. Lkb1 deletion promotes ectopic lipid accumulation in muscle progenitor cells and mature muscles. J Cell Physiol 2015; 230:1033-41. [PMID: 25251157 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Excessive intramyocellular triglycerides (muscle lipids) are associated with reduced contractile function, insulin resistance, and Type 2 diabetes, but what governs lipid accumulation in muscle is unclear. Here we report a role of Lkb1 in regulating lipid metabolism in muscle stem cells and their descendent mature muscles. We used Myod(Cre) and Lkb1(flox/flox) mice to specifically delete Lkb1 in myogenic cells including stem and differentiated cells, and examined the lipid accumulation and gene expression of myoblasts cultured from muscle stem cells (satellite cells). Genetic deletion of Lkb1 in myogenic progenitors led to elevated expression of lipogenic genes and ectopic lipid accumulation in proliferating myoblasts. Interestingly, the Lkb1-deficient myoblasts differentiated into adipocyte-like cells upon adipogenic induction. However, these adipocyte-like cells maintained myogenic gene expression with reduced ability to form myotubes efficiently. Activation of AMPK by AICAR prevented ectopic lipid formation in the Lkb1-null myoblasts. Notably, Lkb1-deficient muscles accumulated excessive lipids in vivo in response to high-fat diet feeding. These results demonstrate that Lkb1 acts through AMPK to limit lipid deposition in muscle stem cells and their derivative mature muscles, and point to the possibility of controlling muscle lipid content using AMPK activating drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tizhong Shan
- Department of Animal Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Brandauer J, Andersen MA, Kellezi H, Risis S, Frøsig C, Vienberg SG, Treebak JT. AMP-activated protein kinase controls exercise training- and AICAR-induced increases in SIRT3 and MnSOD. Front Physiol 2015; 6:85. [PMID: 25852572 PMCID: PMC4371692 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2015.00085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The mitochondrial protein deacetylase sirtuin (SIRT) 3 may mediate exercise training-induced increases in mitochondrial biogenesis and improvements in reactive oxygen species (ROS) handling. We determined the requirement of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) for exercise training-induced increases in skeletal muscle abundance of SIRT3 and other mitochondrial proteins. Exercise training for 6.5 weeks increased SIRT3 (p < 0.01) and superoxide dismutase 2 (MnSOD; p < 0.05) protein abundance in quadriceps muscle of wild-type (WT; n = 13–15), but not AMPK α2 kinase dead (KD; n = 12–13) mice. We also observed a strong trend for increased MnSOD abundance in exercise-trained skeletal muscle of healthy humans (p = 0.051; n = 6). To further elucidate a role for AMPK in mediating these effects, we treated WT (n = 7–8) and AMPK α2 KD (n = 7–9) mice with 5-amino-1-β-D-ribofuranosyl-imidazole-4-carboxamide (AICAR). Four weeks of daily AICAR injections (500 mg/kg) resulted in AMPK-dependent increases in SIRT3 (p < 0.05) and MnSOD (p < 0.01) in WT, but not AMPK α2 KD mice. We also tested the effect of repeated AICAR treatment on mitochondrial protein levels in mice lacking the transcriptional coactivator peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ-coactivator 1α (PGC-1α KO; n = 9–10). Skeletal muscle SIRT3 and MnSOD protein abundance was reduced in sedentary PGC-1α KO mice (p < 0.01) and AICAR-induced increases in SIRT3 and MnSOD protein abundance was only observed in WT mice (p < 0.05). Finally, the acetylation status of SIRT3 target lysine residues on MnSOD (K122) or oligomycin-sensitivity conferring protein (OSCP; K139) was not altered in either mouse or human skeletal muscle in response to acute exercise. We propose an important role for AMPK in regulating mitochondrial function and ROS handling in skeletal muscle in response to exercise training.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Josef Brandauer
- Section of Integrative Physiology, The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen Copenhagen, Denmark ; Department of Health Sciences, Gettysburg College Gettysburg, PA, USA
| | - Marianne A Andersen
- Section of Integrative Physiology, The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Holti Kellezi
- Section of Integrative Physiology, The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Steve Risis
- Section of Integrative Physiology, The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian Frøsig
- Section of Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, The August Krogh Centre, University of Copenhagen Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sara G Vienberg
- Section of Integrative Physiology, The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jonas T Treebak
- Section of Integrative Physiology, The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Brandauer J, Vienberg SG, Andersen MA, Ringholm S, Risis S, Larsen PS, Kristensen JM, Frøsig C, Leick L, Fentz J, Jørgensen S, Kiens B, Wojtaszewski JFP, Richter EA, Zierath JR, Goodyear LJ, Pilegaard H, Treebak JT. AMP-activated protein kinase regulates nicotinamide phosphoribosyl transferase expression in skeletal muscle. J Physiol 2013; 591:5207-20. [PMID: 23918774 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2013.259515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Deacetylases such as sirtuins (SIRTs) convert NAD to nicotinamide (NAM). Nicotinamide phosphoribosyl transferase (Nampt) is the rate-limiting enzyme in the NAD salvage pathway responsible for converting NAM to NAD to maintain cellular redox state. Activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) increases SIRT activity by elevating NAD levels. As NAM directly inhibits SIRTs, increased Nampt activation or expression could be a metabolic stress response. Evidence suggests that AMPK regulates Nampt mRNA content, but whether repeated AMPK activation is necessary for increasing Nampt protein levels is unknown. To this end, we assessed whether exercise training- or 5-amino-1-β-D-ribofuranosyl-imidazole-4-carboxamide (AICAR)-mediated increases in skeletal muscle Nampt abundance are AMPK dependent. One-legged knee-extensor exercise training in humans increased Nampt protein by 16% (P < 0.05) in the trained, but not the untrained leg. Moreover, increases in Nampt mRNA following acute exercise or AICAR treatment (P < 0.05 for both) were maintained in mouse skeletal muscle lacking a functional AMPK α2 subunit. Nampt protein was reduced in skeletal muscle of sedentary AMPK α2 kinase dead (KD), but 6.5 weeks of endurance exercise training increased skeletal muscle Nampt protein to a similar extent in both wild-type (WT) (24%) and AMPK α2 KD (18%) mice. In contrast, 4 weeks of daily AICAR treatment increased Nampt protein in skeletal muscle in WT mice (27%), but this effect did not occur in AMPK α2 KD mice. In conclusion, functional α2-containing AMPK heterotrimers are required for elevation of skeletal muscle Nampt protein, but not mRNA induction. These findings suggest AMPK plays a post-translational role in the regulation of skeletal muscle Nampt protein abundance, and further indicate that the regulation of cellular energy charge and nutrient sensing is mechanistically related.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Josef Brandauer
- J. T. Treebak: University of Copenhagen, NNF Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Blegdamsvej 3b, 6.6.28, Copenhagen DK2200, Denmark.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Meltzer-Mats E, Babai-Shani G, Pasternak L, Uritsky N, Getter T, Viskind O, Eckel J, Cerasi E, Senderowitz H, Sasson S, Gruzman A. Synthesis and mechanism of hypoglycemic activity of benzothiazole derivatives. J Med Chem 2013; 56:5335-50. [PMID: 23750537 DOI: 10.1021/jm4001488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Adenosine 5'-monophosphate activated protein kinase (AMPK) has emerged as a major potential target for novel antidiabetic drugs. We studied the structure of 2-chloro-5-((Z)-((E)-5-((5-(4,5-dimethyl-2-nitrophenyl)furan-2-yl)methylene)-4-oxothiazolidin-2-ylidene)amino)benzoic acid (PT-1), which attenuates the autoinhibition of the enzyme AMPK, for the design and synthesis of different benzothiazoles with potential antidiabetic activity. We synthesized several structurally related benzothiazole derivatives that increased the rate of glucose uptake in L6 myotubes in an AMPK-dependent manner. One compound, 2-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-ylmethylthio)-6-ethoxybenzo[d]thiazole (34), augmented the rate of glucose uptake up to 2.5-fold compared with vehicle-treated cells and up to 1.1-fold compared to PT-1. Concomitantly, it elevated the abundance of GLUT4 in the plasma membrane of the myotubes and activated AMPK. Subcutaneous administration of 34 to hyperglycemic Kuo Kondo rats carrying the Ay-yellow obese gene (KKAy) mice lowered blood glucose levels toward the normoglycemic range. In accord with its activity, compound 34 showed a high fit value to a pharmacophore model derived from the PT-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ella Meltzer-Mats
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Bar Ilan University , Ramat Gan, 5290002, Israel
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Seto SW, Au ALS, Poon CCW, Zhang Q, Li RWS, Yeung JHK, Kong SK, Ngai SM, Wan S, Ho HP, Lee SMY, Hoi MPM, Chan SW, Leung GPH, Kwan YW. Acute simvastatin inhibits K ATP channels of porcine coronary artery myocytes. PLoS One 2013; 8:e66404. [PMID: 23799098 PMCID: PMC3684588 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0066404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2013] [Accepted: 05/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Statins (3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors) consumption provides beneficial effects on cardiovascular systems. However, effects of statins on vascular KATP channel gatings are unknown. Methods Pig left anterior descending coronary artery and human left internal mammary artery were isolated and endothelium-denuded for tension measurements and Western immunoblots. Enzymatically-dissociated/cultured arterial myocytes were used for patch-clamp electrophysiological studies and for [Ca2+]i, [ATP]i and [glucose]o uptake measurements. Results The cromakalim (10 nM to 10 µM)- and pinacidil (10 nM to 10 µM)-induced concentration-dependent relaxation of porcine coronary artery was inhibited by simvastatin (3 and 10 µM). Simvastatin (1, 3 and 10 µM) suppressed (in okadaic acid (10 nM)-sensitive manner) cromakalim (10 µM)- and pinacidil (10 µM)-mediated opening of whole-cell KATP channels of arterial myocytes. Simvastatin (10 µM) and AICAR (1 mM) elicited a time-dependent, compound C (1 µM)-sensitive [3H]-2-deoxy-glucose uptake and an increase in [ATP]i levels. A time (2–30 min)- and concentration (0.1–10 µM)-dependent increase by simvastatin of p-AMPKα-Thr172 and p-PP2A-Tyr307 expression was observed. The enhanced p-AMPKα-Thr172 expression was inhibited by compound C, ryanodine (100 µM) and KN93 (10 µM). Simvastatin-induced p-PP2A-Tyr307 expression was suppressed by okadaic acid, compound C, ryanodine, KN93, phloridzin (1 mM), ouabain (10 µM), and in [glucose]o-free or [Na+]o-free conditions. Conclusions Simvastatin causes ryanodine-sensitive Ca2+ release which is important for AMPKα-Thr172 phosphorylation via Ca2+/CaMK II. AMPKα-Thr172 phosphorylation causes [glucose]o uptake (and an [ATP]i increase), closure of KATP channels, and phosphorylation of AMPKα-Thr172 and PP2A-Tyr307 resulted. Phosphorylation of PP2A-Tyr307 occurs at a site downstream of AMPKα-Thr172 phosphorylation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sai Wang Seto
- The Vascular Biology Unit, Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, School of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, PR of China
| | - Alice Lai Shan Au
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, PR of China
| | - Christina Chui Wa Poon
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, PR of China
| | - Qian Zhang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, PR of China
| | - Rachel Wai Sum Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, PR of China
| | - John Hok Keung Yeung
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, PR of China
| | - Siu Kai Kong
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, PR of China
| | - Sai Ming Ngai
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, PR of China
| | - Song Wan
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, PR of China
| | - Ho Pui Ho
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, PR of China
| | - Simon Ming Yuen Lee
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, the University of Macau, Macau, PR of China
| | - Maggie Pui Man Hoi
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, the University of Macau, Macau, PR of China
| | - Shun Wan Chan
- State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, PR of China
- * E-mail: (YWK); (GPHL); (SWC)
| | - George Pak Heng Leung
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, PR of China
- * E-mail: (YWK); (GPHL); (SWC)
| | - Yiu Wa Kwan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, PR of China
- * E-mail: (YWK); (GPHL); (SWC)
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Jeppesen J, Maarbjerg SJ, Jordy AB, Fritzen AM, Pehmøller C, Sylow L, Serup AK, Jessen N, Thorsen K, Prats C, Qvortrup K, Dyck JR, Hunter RW, Sakamoto K, Thomson DM, Schjerling P, Wojtaszewski JF, Richter EA, Kiens B. LKB1 regulates lipid oxidation during exercise independently of AMPK. Diabetes 2013; 62:1490-9. [PMID: 23349504 PMCID: PMC3636614 DOI: 10.2337/db12-1160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Lipid metabolism is important for health and insulin action, yet the fundamental process of regulating lipid metabolism during muscle contraction is incompletely understood. Here, we show that liver kinase B1 (LKB1) muscle-specific knockout (LKB1 MKO) mice display decreased fatty acid (FA) oxidation during treadmill exercise. LKB1 MKO mice also show decreased muscle SIK3 activity, increased histone deacetylase 4 expression, decreased NAD⁺ concentration and SIRT1 activity, and decreased expression of genes involved in FA oxidation. In AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)α2 KO mice, substrate use was similar to that in WT mice, which excluded that decreased FA oxidation in LKB1 MKO mice was due to decreased AMPKα2 activity. Additionally, LKB1 MKO muscle demonstrated decreased FA oxidation in vitro. A markedly decreased phosphorylation of TBC1D1, a proposed regulator of FA transport, and a low CoA content could contribute to the low FA oxidation in LKB1 MKO. LKB1 deficiency did not reduce muscle glucose uptake or oxidation during exercise in vivo, excluding a general impairment of substrate use during exercise in LKB1 MKO mice. Our findings demonstrate that LKB1 is a novel molecular regulator of major importance for FA oxidation but not glucose uptake in muscle during exercise.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Jeppesen
- August Krogh Centre and Molecular Physiology Group, Department of Exercise and Sport Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Stine J. Maarbjerg
- August Krogh Centre and Molecular Physiology Group, Department of Exercise and Sport Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Clinical Pharmacology, Novo Nordisk A/S, Söborg, Denmark
| | - Andreas B. Jordy
- August Krogh Centre and Molecular Physiology Group, Department of Exercise and Sport Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andreas M. Fritzen
- August Krogh Centre and Molecular Physiology Group, Department of Exercise and Sport Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian Pehmøller
- August Krogh Centre and Molecular Physiology Group, Department of Exercise and Sport Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lykke Sylow
- August Krogh Centre and Molecular Physiology Group, Department of Exercise and Sport Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Annette Karen Serup
- August Krogh Centre and Molecular Physiology Group, Department of Exercise and Sport Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niels Jessen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Kasper Thorsen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Clara Prats
- Center for Healthy Aging, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Core Facility for Integrated Microscopy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Klaus Qvortrup
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Core Facility for Integrated Microscopy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jason R.B. Dyck
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Roger W. Hunter
- Medical Research Council Protein Phosphorylation Unit, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences SA, Campus Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Quartier de l’innovation, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kei Sakamoto
- Medical Research Council Protein Phosphorylation Unit, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences SA, Campus Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Quartier de l’innovation, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - David M. Thomson
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah
| | - Peter Schjerling
- Center for Healthy Aging, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Institute of Sports Medicine, M. Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jørgen F.P. Wojtaszewski
- August Krogh Centre and Molecular Physiology Group, Department of Exercise and Sport Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Erik A. Richter
- August Krogh Centre and Molecular Physiology Group, Department of Exercise and Sport Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Corresponding author: Erik A. Richter,
| | - Bente Kiens
- August Krogh Centre and Molecular Physiology Group, Department of Exercise and Sport Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Miyake M, Takahashi H, Kitagawa E, Watanabe H, Sakurada T, Aso H, Yamaguchi T. AMPK activation by AICAR inhibits myogenic differentiation and myostatin expression in cattle. Cell Tissue Res 2012; 349:615-23. [PMID: 22622802 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-012-1422-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2011] [Accepted: 03/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) regulates metabolism in skeletal muscle, and myostatin (MSTN) negatively regulates skeletal muscle development and growth. In the present study, AMPK activation and the relationship between AMPK and MSTN during myogenic differentiation were investigated in cultures derived from bovine skeletal muscle. Myoblasts capable of forming myotubes were obtained from bovine skeletal muscle and treated with AICAR to activate AMPK, resulting in suppressed myotube formation. AICAR treatment significantly reduced the expression of MSTN mRNA during myogenic differentiation. Combined treatment with AICAR and MSTN suppressed myotube formation to a greater extent than AICAR alone. SB431542, an inhibitor of MSTN signaling, promoted myotube formation during myogenic differentiation. However, simultaneous treatment with AICAR blocked this effect of SB431542. Therefore, AMPK activation inhibits myogenic differentiation but may suppress MSTN expression to balance muscle development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masato Miyake
- Laboratory of Functional Morphology, Department of Animal Biology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 1-1 Tsutsumidori-Amamiyamachi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 981-8555, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Tian DR, Tso P, Han JS. Diet-induced obese rats exhibit impaired LKB1-AMPK signaling in hypothalamus and adipose tissue. Peptides 2012; 35:23-30. [PMID: 22465622 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2012.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2011] [Revised: 02/02/2012] [Accepted: 02/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
AMPK not only acts as a sensor of cellular energy status but also plays a critical role in the energy balance of the body. In this study, LKB1-AMPK signaling was investigated in diet-induced obese (DIO) and diet resistant (DR) rats. In hypothalamus, DIO rats had lower level of LKB1, AMPKα and pAMPKα than chow-fed or DR rats. Both orexigenic peptide NPY and anorexigenic peptide POMC expression were reduced in hypothalamus of DIO rats. i.c.v. injection of AICAR, an activator of AMPK, increased NPY expression but did not alter POMC expression in DIO rats. In periphery, LKB1 protein content and pAMPKα level were lower in the adipose tissue of DIO rats compared to chow-fed and DR rats. Moreover, pAMPKα and LKB1 protein levels obtained from epididymal fat pad were inversely correlated with epididymal fat mass. LKB1 protein content and pAMPKα in skeletal muscle of DIO rats were not different from those in the muscles of chow-fed and DR rats. In summary, DIO rats, but not DR rats, have impaired LKB1-AMPK signaling in hypothalamus and adipose tissue, suggesting the disturbed energy balance observed in DIO rats is related with abnormalities of AMPK signaling in a tissue specific manner.
Collapse
|
39
|
Chen YC, Lu PH, Hsu JL, Yu CC, Guh JH. ICAM-1 and AMPK regulate cell detachment and apoptosis by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine, a widely spread environmental chemical, in human hormone-refractory prostate cancers. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2011; 257:412-9. [PMID: 22001597 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2011.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2011] [Revised: 09/12/2011] [Accepted: 09/29/2011] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1), a sensor of DNA damage, plays a crucial role in the regulation of DNA repair. PARP-1 hyperactivation causes DNA damage and cell death. The underlying mechanism is complicated and is through diverse pathways. The understanding of responsible signaling pathways may offer implications for effective therapies. After concentration-response determination of N-Methyl-N'-Nitro-N-Nitrosoguanidine (MNNG, a PARP-1 activating agent and an environmental mutagen) in human hormone-refractory prostate cancers, the data showed that concentrations below 5μM did not change cell survival but cause a time-dependent up-regulation of intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in mRNA, total protein and cell surface levels. Detection of phosphorylation and degradation of IκB-α and nuclear translocation of NF-κB showed that MNNG induced the activation of NF-κB that was responsible for the ICAM-1 up-regulation since PDTC (a NF-κB inhibitor) significantly abolished this effect. However, higher concentrations (e.g., 10μM) of MNNG induced a 61% detachment of the cells which were apoptosis associated with the activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). Further identification showed that both AMPK and JNK other than p38 MAPK functionally contributed to cell death. The remaining 39% attached cells were survival associated with high ICAM-1 expression. In conclusion, the data suggest that NF-κB-dependent up-regulation of ICAM-1 plays a key role on cell attachment and survival; whereas, activation of AMPK and JNK participates in cytotoxic signaling pathways in detached cells caused by PARP-1 activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Cheng Chen
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sect. 1, Jen-Ai Rd, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Gray S, Kim JK. New insights into insulin resistance in the diabetic heart. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2011; 22:394-403. [PMID: 21680199 PMCID: PMC3183400 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2011.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2011] [Revised: 04/11/2011] [Accepted: 05/05/2011] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Insulin resistance is a major characteristic of obesity and type 2 diabetes, and develops in multiple organs, including the heart. Compared with its role in other organs, the physiological role of insulin resistance in the heart is not well understood. The heart uses lipid as a primary fuel, but glucose becomes an important source of energy in ischemia. The impaired ability to utilize glucose might contribute to cell death and abnormal function in the diabetic heart. Recent discoveries regarding the role of inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in obesity have advanced our understanding of how insulin resistance develops in peripheral organs. In this review, we examine these findings in relation to the diabetic heart to provide new insights into the mechanism of cardiac insulin resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susan Gray
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, USA
| | - Jason K. Kim
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, USA
- Corresponding author: Kim, J.K. ()
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Santos GJ, Oliveira CA, Boschero AC, Rezende LF. CNTF protects MIN6 cells against apoptosis induced by Alloxan and IL-1β through downregulation of the AMPK pathway. Cell Signal 2011; 23:1669-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2011.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2011] [Revised: 06/01/2011] [Accepted: 06/06/2011] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
|
42
|
Yu CC, Chiang PC, Lu PH, Kuo MT, Wen WC, Chen P, Guh JH. Antroquinonol, a natural ubiquinone derivative, induces a cross talk between apoptosis, autophagy and senescence in human pancreatic carcinoma cells. J Nutr Biochem 2011; 23:900-7. [PMID: 21840189 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2011.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2011] [Accepted: 04/20/2011] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a malignant neoplasm of the pancreas. A mutation and constitutive activation of K-ras occurs in more than 90% of pancreatic adenocarcinomas. A successful approach for the treatment of pancreatic cancers is urgent. Antroquinonol, a ubiquinone derivative isolated from a camphor tree mushroom, Antrodia camphorata, induced a concentration-dependent inhibition of cell proliferation in pancreatic cancer PANC-1 and AsPC-1 cells. Flow cytometric analysis of DNA content by propidium iodide staining showed that antroquinonol induced G1 arrest of the cell cycle and a subsequent apoptosis. Antroquinonol inhibited Akt phosphorylation at Ser(473), the phosphorylation site critical for Akt kinase activity, and blocked the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) phosphorylation at Ser(2448), a site dependent on mTOR activity. Several signals responsible for mTOR/p70S6K/4E-BP1 signaling cascades have also been examined to validate the pathway. Moreover, antroquinonol induced the down-regulation of several cell cycle regulators and mitochondrial antiapoptotic proteins. In contrast, the expressions of K-ras and its phosphorylation were significantly increased. The coimmunoprecipitation assay showed that the association of K-ras and Bcl-xL was dramatically augmented, which was indicative of apoptotic cell death. Antroquinonol also induced the cross talk between apoptosis, autophagic cell death and accelerated senescence, which was, at least partly, explained by the up-regulation of p21(Waf1/Cip1) and K-ras. In summary, the data suggest that antroquinonol induces anticancer activity in human pancreatic cancers through an inhibitory effect on PI3-kinase/Akt/mTOR pathways that in turn down-regulates cell cycle regulators. The translational inhibition causes G1 arrest of the cell cycle and an ultimate mitochondria-dependent apoptosis. Moreover, autophagic cell death and accelerated senescence also explain antroquinonol-mediated anticancer effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Chun Yu
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Sancho Solis R, Ge Y, Walker JW. A preferred AMPK phosphorylation site adjacent to the inhibitory loop of cardiac and skeletal troponin I. Protein Sci 2011; 20:894-907. [PMID: 21416543 PMCID: PMC3125873 DOI: 10.1002/pro.623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2010] [Revised: 03/01/2011] [Accepted: 03/07/2011] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a serine/threonine protein kinase that is activated when cellular AMP to ATP ratios rise, potentially serving as a key regulator of cellular energetics. Among the known targets of AMPK are catabolic and anabolic enzymes, but little is known about the ability of this kinase to phosphorylate myofilament proteins and thereby regulating the contractile apparatus of striated muscles. Here, we demonstrate that troponin I isoforms of cardiac (cTnI) and fast skeletal (fsTnI) muscles are readily phosphorylated by AMPK. For cTnI, two highly conserved serine residues were identified as AMPK sites using a combination of high-resolution top-down electron capture dissociation mass spectrometry, (32) P-incorporation, synthetic peptides, phospho-specific antibodies, and site-directed mutagenesis. These AMPK sites in cTnI were Ser149 adjacent to the inhibitory loop and Ser22 in the cardiac-specific N-terminal extension, at the level of cTnI peptides, the intact cTnI subunit, whole cardiac troponin complexes and skinned cardiomyocytes. Phosphorylation time-course experiments revealed that Ser149 was the preferred site, because it was phosphorylated 12-16-fold faster than Ser22 in cTnI. Ser117 in fsTnI, analogous to Ser149 in cTnI, was phosphorylated with similar kinetics as cTnI Ser149. Hence, the master energy-sensing protein AMPK emerges as a possibly important regulator of cardiac and skeletal contractility via phosphorylation of a preferred site adjacent to the inhibitory loop of the thin filament protein TnI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Sancho Solis
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-MadisonWI 53706
| | - Ying Ge
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-MadisonWI 53706
- Human Proteomics Program, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-MadisonWI 53706
| | - Jeffery W Walker
- Department of Physiology, University of ArizonaTucson, Arizona 85724
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Brown JD, Hancock CR, Mongillo AD, Benjamin Barton J, DiGiovanni RA, Parcell AC, Winder WW, Thomson DM. Effect of LKB1 deficiency on mitochondrial content, fibre type and muscle performance in the mouse diaphragm. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2011; 201:457-66. [PMID: 21073663 DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-1716.2010.02226.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM The liver kinase B1 (LKB1)/AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signalling pathway is a major regulator of skeletal muscle metabolic processes. During exercise, LKB1-mediated phosphorylation of AMPK leads to its activation, promoting mitochondrial biogenesis and glucose transport, among other effects. The roles of LKB1 and AMPK have not been fully characterized in the diaphragm. METHODS Two methods of AMPK activation were used to characterize LKB1/AMPK signalling in diaphragms from muscle-specific LKB1 knockout (KO) and littermate control mice: (1) acute injection of 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleoside (AICAR) and (2) 5-min direct electrical stimulation of the diaphragm. Diaphragms were excised 60 min post-AICAR injection and immediately after electrical stimulation. RESULTS AMPK phosphorylation increased with AICAR and electrical stimulation in control but not KO mice. Acetyl CoA carboxylase phosphorylation increased with AICAR in control but not KO mice, but increased in both genotypes with electrical stimulation. While the majority of mitochondrial protein levels were lower in KO diaphragms, uncoupling protein 3, complex I and cytochrome oxidase IV protein levels were not different between genotypes. KO diaphragms have a lower percentage of IIx fibres and an elevated percentage of IIb fibres when compared with control diaphragms. While in vitro peak force generation was similar between genotypes, KO diaphragms fatigued more quickly and had an impaired ability to recover. CONCLUSION LKB1 regulates AMPK phosphorylation, mitochondrial protein expression, fibre type distribution, as well as recovery of the diaphragm from fatigue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J D Brown
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Andres AM, Ratliff EP, Sachithanantham S, Hui ST. Diminished AMPK signaling response to fasting in thioredoxin-interacting protein knockout mice. FEBS Lett 2011; 585:1223-30. [PMID: 21439280 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2011.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2011] [Revised: 03/07/2011] [Accepted: 03/18/2011] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Thioredoxin-interacting protein (Txnip) knockout (TKO) mice exhibit impaired response to fasting. Herein, we showed that activation of adenine monophosphate-activated protein kinase and cellular AMP levels were diminished in the heart and soleus muscle but not in gastrocnemius muscle of fasting TKO mice. Similarly, glycogen content in fasted TKO mice was increased in oxidative muscles but was not different in glycolytic muscles. These data suggest Txnip deficiency has a higher impact on oxidative muscle than glycolytic muscles and provide new insights into the metabolic role of Txnip.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Allen M Andres
- Department of Biology, BioScience Center, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Sucrose nonfermenting AMPK-related kinase (SNARK) mediates contraction-stimulated glucose transport in mouse skeletal muscle. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2010; 107:15541-6. [PMID: 20713714 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1008131107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The signaling mechanisms that mediate the important effects of contraction to increase glucose transport in skeletal muscle are not well understood, but are known to occur through an insulin-independent mechanism. Muscle-specific knockout of LKB1, an upstream kinase for AMPK and AMPK-related protein kinases, significantly inhibited contraction-stimulated glucose transport. This finding, in conjunction with previous studies of ablated AMPKalpha2 activity showing no effect on contraction-stimulated glucose transport, suggests that one or more AMPK-related protein kinases are important for this process. Muscle contraction increased sucrose nonfermenting AMPK-related kinase (SNARK) activity, an effect blunted in the muscle-specific LKB1 knockout mice. Expression of a mutant SNARK in mouse tibialis anterior muscle impaired contraction-stimulated, but not insulin-stimulated, glucose transport. Whole-body SNARK heterozygotic knockout mice also had impaired contraction-stimulated glucose transport in skeletal muscle, and knockdown of SNARK in C2C12 muscle cells impaired sorbitol-stimulated glucose transport. SNARK is activated by muscle contraction and is a unique mediator of contraction-stimulated glucose transport in skeletal muscle.
Collapse
|
47
|
Tseng YH, Cypess AM, Kahn CR. Cellular bioenergetics as a target for obesity therapy. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2010; 9:465-82. [PMID: 20514071 DOI: 10.1038/nrd3138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 442] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Obesity develops when energy intake exceeds energy expenditure. Although most current obesity therapies are focused on reducing calorific intake, recent data suggest that increasing cellular energy expenditure (bioenergetics) may be an attractive alternative approach. This is especially true for adaptive thermogenesis - the physiological process whereby energy is dissipated in mitochondria of brown fat and skeletal muscle in the form of heat in response to external stimuli. There have been significant recent advances in identifying the factors that control the development and function of these tissues, and in techniques to measure brown fat in human adults. In this article, we integrate these developments in relation to the classical understandings of cellular bioenergetics to explore the potential for developing novel anti-obesity therapies that target cellular energy expenditure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hua Tseng
- Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, One Joslin Place, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Zhao J, Yue W, Zhu MJ, Sreejayan N, Du M. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) cross-talks with canonical Wnt signaling via phosphorylation of beta-catenin at Ser 552. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2010; 395:146-51. [PMID: 20361929 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.03.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2010] [Accepted: 03/29/2010] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a key regulator of energy metabolism; its activity is regulated by a plethora of physiological conditions, exercises and many anti-diabetic drugs. Recent studies show that AMPK involves in cell differentiation but the underlying mechanism remains undefined. Wingless Int-1 (Wnt)/beta-catenin signaling pathway regulates the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells through enhancing beta-catenin/T-cell transcription factor 1 (TCF) mediated transcription. The objective of this study was to determine whether AMPK cross-talks with Wnt/beta-catenin signaling through phosphorylation of beta-catenin. C3H10T1/2 mesenchymal cells were used. Chemical inhibition of AMPK and the expression of a dominant negative AMPK decreased phosphorylation of beta-catenin at Ser 552. The beta-catenin/TCF mediated transcription was correlated with AMPK activity. In vitro, pure AMPK phosphorylated beta-catenin at Ser 552 and the mutation of Ser 552 to Ala prevented such phosphorylation, which was further confirmed using [gamma-(32)P]ATP autoradiography. In conclusion, AMPK phosphorylates beta-catenin at Ser 552, which stabilizes beta-catenin, enhances beta-catenin/TCF mediated transcription, expanding AMPK from regulation of energy metabolism to cell differentiation and development via cross-talking with the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junxing Zhao
- Developmental Biology Group, Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Thompson HJ, Jiang W, Zhu Z. Candidate mechanisms accounting for effects of physical activity on breast carcinogenesis. IUBMB Life 2009; 61:895-901. [PMID: 19588523 PMCID: PMC4346290 DOI: 10.1002/iub.233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Evidence is strong that a reduction in risk for breast cancer is associated with moderate to vigorous physical activity (PA); however, there is limited understanding of the role of type, intensity, duration, and frequency of PA and their mechanisms in accounting for this health benefit. The objective of this review is to stimulate investigations of candidate mechanisms that may account for the effects of the intensity and duration of aerobic PA on breast cancer risk and tumor burden. Three hypotheses are considered: 1) the mTOR network hypothesis: PA inhibits carcinogenesis by suppressing the activation of the mTOR signaling network in mammary carcinomas; 2) the hormesis hypothesis: the carcinogenic response to PA is nonlinear and accounted for by a physiological cellular stress response; and 3) the metabolic reprogramming hypothesis: PA limits the amount of glucose and glutamine available to mammary carcinomas thereby inducing apoptosis because tumor-associated metabolic programming is reversed. To link these hypotheses to systemic effects of PA, it is recommended that consideration be given to determining: 1) what contracting muscle releases into circulation or removes from circulation that would directly modulate the carcinogenic process in epithelial cells; 2) whether the effects of muscle contraction on epithelial cell carcinogenesis are exerted in an endocrine, paracrine, autocrine, or intracrine manner; and 3) if the effects of muscle contraction on malignant cells differ from effects on normal or premalignant cells that do not manifest the hallmarks of malignancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Henry J Thompson
- Cancer Prevention Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Antroquinonol displays anticancer potential against human hepatocellular carcinoma cells: a crucial role of AMPK and mTOR pathways. Biochem Pharmacol 2009; 79:162-71. [PMID: 19723512 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2009.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2009] [Revised: 08/21/2009] [Accepted: 08/24/2009] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
5'AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) are two serine/threonine protein kinases responsible for cellular energy homeostasis and translational control, respectively. Evidence suggests that these two kniases are potential targets for cancer chemotherapy against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Antroquinonol that is isolated from Antrodia camphorate, a well-known Traditional Chinese Medicine for treatment of liver diseases, displayed effective anticancer activity against both HBV DNA-positive and -negative HCC cell lines. The rank order of potency against HCCs is HepG2>HepG2.2.15>Mahlavu>PLC/PRF/5>SK-Hep1>Hep3B. Antroquinonol completely abolished cell-cycle progression released from double-thymidine-block synchronization and caused a subsequent apoptosis. The data were supported by down-regulation and reduced nuclear translocation of G1-regulator proteins, including cyclin D1, cyclin E, Cdk4 and Cdk2. Further analysis showed that the mRNA expressions of the G1-regulator proteins were not modified by antroquinonol, indicating an inhibition of translational but not transcriptional levels. Antroquinonol induced the assembly of tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC)-1/TSC2, leading to the blockade of cellular protein synthesis through inhibition of protein phosphorylation including mTOR (Ser(2448)), p70(S6K) (Thr(421)/Ser(424) and Thr(389)) and 4E-BP1 (Thr(37)/Thr(46) and Thr(70)). Furthermore, the AMPK activity was elevated by antroquinonol. Compound C, a selective AMPK inhibitor, significantly reversed antroquinonol-mediated effects suggesting the crucial role of AMPK. Besides, the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and depletion of mitochondrial content indicated the mitochondrial stress caused by antroquinonol. In summary, the data suggest that antroquinonol displays anticancer activity against HCCs through AMPK activation and inhibition of mTOR translational pathway, leading to G1 arrest of the cell-cycle and subsequent cell apoptosis.
Collapse
|