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Palmiotti A, Berk KA, Koehorst M, Hovingh MV, Pranger AT, van Faassen M, de Boer JF, van der Valk ES, van Rossum EFC, Mulder MT, Kuipers F. Reversal of insulin resistance in people with obesity by lifestyle-induced weight loss does not impact the proportion of circulating 12α-hydroxylated bile acids. Diabetes Obes Metab 2024; 26:4019-4029. [PMID: 38957937 DOI: 10.1111/dom.15754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
AIM Bile acids (BAs) are implicated in the pathogenesis of several metabolic syndrome-related diseases, including insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). It has been reported that IR and T2D are associated with an increased ratio of 12α/non-12α-hydroxylated BAs in the circulating BA pool. It is, however, unknown whether the improvement of insulin sensitivity inversely affects BA composition in humans. Therefore, we assessed whether lifestyle-induced weight loss induces changes in BA metabolism in people with obesity, with or without T2D, and if these changes are associated with metabolic parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS Individual BAs and C4 were quantified by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in plasma samples collected from two cohorts of people with obesity (OB) and with T2D and obesity (T2D), before and after a lifestyle intervention. RESULTS Lifestyle-induced weight loss improved glycaemic control in both cohorts, with plasma BA concentrations not affected by the lifestyle interventions. The ratio of 12α/non-12α-hydroxylated BAs remained unchanged in OB (p = .178) and even slightly increased upon intervention in T2D (p = .0147). Plasma C4 levels were unaffected in OB participants (p = .20) but significantly reduced in T2D after intervention (p = .0003). There were no significant correlations between the ratio of 12α/non-12α-hydroxylated BAs and glucose, insulin, or homeostatic model assessment-IR, nor in plasma triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, lipoprotein (a) in the T2D cohort. CONCLUSIONS Lifestyle-induced weight loss did improve glycaemic control but did not affect BA concentrations. Improvements in insulin sensitivity were not associated with changes in BA parameters in people with obesity, with or without T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Palmiotti
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Kirsten A Berk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn Koehorst
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Milaine V Hovingh
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Alle T Pranger
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn van Faassen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Freark de Boer
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Eline S van der Valk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Obesity Centre CGG, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth F C van Rossum
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Obesity Centre CGG, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Monique T Mulder
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Folkert Kuipers
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department for the Biology of Ageing, European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing (ERIBA), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Roessler J, Zimmermann F, Schumann P, Nageswaran V, Ramezani Rad P, Schuchardt S, Leistner DM, Landmesser U, Haghikia A. Modulation of the Serum Metabolome by the Short-Chain Fatty Acid Propionate: Potential Implications for Its Cholesterol-Lowering Effect. Nutrients 2024; 16:2368. [PMID: 39064811 PMCID: PMC11280296 DOI: 10.3390/nu16142368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Dyslipidemia represents a major risk factor for atherosclerosis-driven cardiovascular disease. Emerging evidence suggests a close relationship between cholesterol metabolism and gut microbiota. Recently, we demonstrated that the short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) propionate (PA) reduces serum cholesterol levels through an immunomodulatory mechanism. Here, we investigated the effects of oral PA supplementation on the human serum metabolome and analyzed changes in the serum metabolome in relation to the cholesterol-lowering properties of PA. (2) Methods: The serum metabolome of patients supplemented with either placebo or propionate orally for 8 weeks was assessed using a combination of flow injection analysis-tandem (FIA-MS/MS) as well as liquid chromatography (LC-MS/MS) and mass spectrometry using a targeted metabolomics kit (MxP®Quant 500 kit: BIOCRATES Life Sciences AG, Innsbruck, Austria). A total of 431 metabolites were employed for further investigation in this study. (3) Results: We observed a significant increase in distinct bile acids (GCDCA: fold change = 1.41, DCA: fold change = 1.39, GUDCA: fold change = 1.51) following PA supplementation over the study period, with the secondary bile acid DCA displaying a significant negative correlation with the serum cholesterol levels. (4) Conclusions: Oral supplementation with PA modulates the serum metabolome with a particular impact on the circulatory bile acid profile. Since cholesterol and bile acid metabolism are interconnected, the elevation of the secondary bile acid DCA may contribute to the cholesterol-lowering effect of PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johann Roessler
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital St Josef-Hospital Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum, 44791 Bochum, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin, 12203 Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, 10785 Berlin, Germany
| | - Friederike Zimmermann
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin, 12203 Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, 10785 Berlin, Germany
| | - Paul Schumann
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Vanasa Nageswaran
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital St Josef-Hospital Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum, 44791 Bochum, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin, 12203 Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, 10785 Berlin, Germany
- Friede Springer Cardiovascular Prevention Center at Charité, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Pegah Ramezani Rad
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin, 12203 Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, 10785 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sven Schuchardt
- Department of Bio and Environmental Analytics, Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - David M. Leistner
- Medizinische Klinik 3—Kardiologie und Angiologie, Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt am Main, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ulf Landmesser
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin, 12203 Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, 10785 Berlin, Germany
- Friede Springer Cardiovascular Prevention Center at Charité, 12203 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), 10178 Berlin, Germany
| | - Arash Haghikia
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital St Josef-Hospital Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum, 44791 Bochum, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin, 12203 Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, 10785 Berlin, Germany
- Friede Springer Cardiovascular Prevention Center at Charité, 12203 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), 10178 Berlin, Germany
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3
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Ghaffari MH, Sanz-Fernandez MV, Sadri H, Sauerwein H, Schuchardt S, Martín-Tereso J, Doelman J, Daniel JB. Longitudinal characterization of the metabolome of dairy cows transitioning from one lactation to the next: Investigations in the liver. J Dairy Sci 2024; 107:4000-4016. [PMID: 38246557 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-24432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the metabolic changes in the livers of dairy cows from 1 wk before dry off to 1 wk after calving. Twelve high-yielding Holstein cows were included in a longitudinal study and housed in a tiestall barn. The cows were dried off at 6 wk before the expected calving date (dry period length = 42 d). During the entire lactation, the cows were milked twice daily at 0600 and 1700 h. Liver biopsies were taken from each cow at 4 different times: wk -7 (before drying off), -5 (after drying off), -1 and +1 relative to calving. A targeted metabolomics approach was performed by liquid chromatography and flow injection with electrospray ionization triple quadrupole mass spectrometry using the MxP Quant 500 kit (Biocrates Life Sciences AG). A total of 185 metabolites in the liver were used for the final data analysis. Principal component analysis revealed a clear separation by days of sampling, indicating a notable shift in metabolic phenotype from late lactation to the dry period and further changes after calving. Changes were observed in several classes of compounds, including AA and biogenic amines. In particular, the changes in acylcarnitines (AcylCN), phosphatidylcholines (PC), sphingomyelins (SM), and bile acids (BA) indicated extensive remodeling of the hepatic lipidome. The changes in AcylCN concentrations in early lactation suggest incomplete fatty acid oxidation in the liver, possibly indicating mitochondrial dysfunction or enzymatic imbalance. In addition, the changes in PC and SM species in early lactation indicate altered cell membrane composition, which may affect cell signaling and functionality. In addition, changes in BA concentrations and profiles indicate dynamic adaptations in BA synthesis, as well as lipid digestion and absorption during the observation period. In particular, principal component analysis showed an overlapping distribution of liver metabolites in primiparous and multiparous cows, indicating no significant difference between these groups. In addition, Volcano plots showed similar liver metabolism between primiparous and multiparous cows, with no significant fold changes (>1.5) in any metabolite at significant P-values (false discovery rate <0.05). These results provide valuable insight into the physiological ranges of liver metabolites during dry period and calving in healthy dairy cows and should contribute to the design and interpretation of future metabolite-based studies of the transition dairy cow.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Ghaffari
- Institute of Animal Science, Physiology Unit, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany.
| | | | - H Sadri
- Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, 5166616471 Tabriz, Iran
| | - H Sauerwein
- Institute of Animal Science, Physiology Unit, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - S Schuchardt
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | | | - J Doelman
- Trouw Nutrition R&D, 3800 AG, Amersfoort, the Netherlands
| | - J-B Daniel
- Trouw Nutrition R&D, 3800 AG, Amersfoort, the Netherlands.
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4
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Carter MM, Spencer SP. Resisting weight gain with prebiotic fibre. Nat Metab 2024; 6:389-391. [PMID: 38409603 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-024-00998-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew M Carter
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sean P Spencer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
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5
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Ghaffari MH, Daniel JB, Sadri H, Schuchardt S, Martín-Tereso J, Sauerwein H. Longitudinal characterization of the metabolome of dairy cows transitioning from one lactation to the next: Investigations in blood serum. J Dairy Sci 2024; 107:1263-1285. [PMID: 37777004 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-23841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to characterize changes in the serum metabolome and various indicators of oxidative balance in dairy cows starting 2 wk before dry-off and continuing until wk 16 of lactation. Twelve Holstein dairy cows (body weight 745 ± 71 kg, body condition score 3.43 ± 0.66; mean ± SD) were housed in a tiestall barn from 10 wk before to 16 wk after parturition. Cows were dried off 6 wk before the expected calving date (mean dry period length = 42 d). From 8 wk before calving to 16 wk after calving, blood samples were taken weekly to study redox metabolism by determining antioxidant capacity, measured as the ferric-reducing ability of plasma, reactive oxidative metabolites, oxidative stress index, oxidative damage of lipids, measured as thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, and glutathione peroxidase activity. According to these results, dairy cows had the lowest serum antioxidant capacity and greater levels of oxidative stress during the dry-off period and the early postpartum period. For metabolomics, a subset of serum samples including wk -7 (before dry-off), -5 (after dry-off), -1, 1, 5, 10, and 15 relative to calving were used. A targeted metabolomics approach was performed using liquid chromatography and flow injection with electrospray ionization triple quadrupole mass spectrometry using the MxP Quant 500 kit (Biocrates Life Sciences AG). A total of 240 metabolites in serum were used in the final data analysis. Principal component analysis revealed a clear separation by days of sampling, indicating a remarkable shift in metabolic phenotype between the dry period and late and early lactation. Changes in many non-lipid metabolites associated with one-carbon metabolism, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, the urea cycle, and AA catabolism were observed in the study, with changes in AA serum concentrations likely related to factors such as energy and nitrogen balance, digestive efficiency, and changing diets. The study confirmed an extensive remodeling of the serum lipidome in peripartum dairy cows, highlighting the importance of changes in acylcarnitine (acylCN), phosphatidylcholines (PC), and triacylglycerols (TG), as they play a crucial role in lipid metabolism. Results showed that short-chain acylCN increased after dry-off and decreased thereafter, whereas lipid-derived acylCN increased around parturition, suggesting that more fatty acids could enter mitochondria. Phospholipids and sphingolipids in serum showed changes during lactation. In particular, concentrations of sphingomyelins, PC, and lysoPC decreased around calving but increased in mid- and late lactation. In contrast, concentrations of TG remained consistently low after parturition. The serum concentrations of bile acids fluctuated during the dry period and lactation, with glycocholic acid, cholic acid, glycodeoxycholic acid, and taurocholic acid showing the greatest concentrations. These changes are likely due to the interplay of diet, liver function, and the ability of the gut microbiota to convert primary to secondary bile acids. Overall, these descriptive results may aid in hypothesis generation and in the design and interpretation of future metabolite-based studies in dairy cows. Furthermore, they contribute to our understanding of the physiological ranges in serum metabolites relative to the lactation cycle of the dairy cow.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Ghaffari
- Institute of Animal Science, Physiology Unit, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany.
| | - J B Daniel
- Trouw Nutrition R&D, 3800 AG, Amersfoort, the Netherlands.
| | - H Sadri
- Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, 5166616471 Tabriz, Iran
| | - S Schuchardt
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | | | - H Sauerwein
- Institute of Animal Science, Physiology Unit, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
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6
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Goyon V, Besse‐Patin A, Zunino R, Ignatenko O, Nguyen M, Coyaud É, Lee JM, Nguyen BN, Raught B, McBride HM. MAPL loss dysregulates bile and liver metabolism in mice. EMBO Rep 2023; 24:e57972. [PMID: 37962001 PMCID: PMC10702803 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202357972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial and peroxisomal anchored protein ligase (MAPL) is a dual ubiquitin and small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) ligase with roles in mitochondrial quality control, cell death and inflammation in cultured cells. Here, we show that MAPL function in the organismal context converges on metabolic control, as knockout mice are viable, insulin-sensitive, and protected from diet-induced obesity. MAPL loss leads to liver-specific activation of the integrated stress response, inducing secretion of stress hormone FGF21. MAPL knockout mice develop fully penetrant spontaneous hepatocellular carcinoma. Mechanistically, the peroxisomal bile acid transporter ABCD3 is a primary MAPL interacting partner and SUMOylated in a MAPL-dependent manner. MAPL knockout leads to increased bile acid production coupled with defective regulatory feedback in liver in vivo and in isolated primary hepatocytes, suggesting cell-autonomous function. Together, our findings establish MAPL function as a regulator of bile acid synthesis whose loss leads to the disruption of bile acid feedback mechanisms. The consequences of MAPL loss in liver, along with evidence of tumor suppression through regulation of cell survival pathways, ultimately lead to hepatocellular carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Goyon
- Montreal Neurological InstituteMcGill UniversityMontrealQCCanada
| | | | - Rodolfo Zunino
- Montreal Neurological InstituteMcGill UniversityMontrealQCCanada
| | - Olesia Ignatenko
- Montreal Neurological InstituteMcGill UniversityMontrealQCCanada
| | - Mai Nguyen
- Montreal Neurological InstituteMcGill UniversityMontrealQCCanada
| | - Étienne Coyaud
- Princess Margaret Cancer CentreUniversity Health NetworkTorontoONCanada
- Department of Medical BiophysicsUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
| | - Jonathan M Lee
- Biochemistry, Microbiology & ImmunologyUniversity of OttawaOttawaONCanada
| | - Bich N Nguyen
- Department of Pathology and Cell BiologyUniversity of MontrealMontrealQCCanada
- University of Montreal Health NetworkMontrealQCCanada
| | - Brian Raught
- Princess Margaret Cancer CentreUniversity Health NetworkTorontoONCanada
- Department of Medical BiophysicsUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
| | - Heidi M McBride
- Montreal Neurological InstituteMcGill UniversityMontrealQCCanada
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7
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Verkade E, Shen W, Hovingh M, Mulder N, de Bruyn K, Koehorst M, de Vries H, Bloks V, Kuipers F, de Boer J. Gut microbiota depletion aggravates bile acid-induced liver pathology in mice with a human-like bile acid composition. Clin Sci (Lond) 2023; 137:1637-1650. [PMID: 37910096 PMCID: PMC10643054 DOI: 10.1042/cs20230812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Cyp2c70-deficient mice have a human-like bile acid (BA) composition due to their inability to convert chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) into rodent-specific muricholic acids (MCAs). However, the hydrophobic BA composition in these animals is associated with liver pathology. Although Cyp2c70-ablation has been shown to alter gut microbiome composition, the impact of gut bacteria on liver pathology in Cyp2c70-/- mice remains to be established. Therefore, we treated young-adult male and female wild-type (WT) and Cyp2c70-/- mice with antibiotics (AB) with broad specificity to deplete the gut microbiota and assessed the consequences on BA metabolism and liver pathology. Female Cyp2c70-/- mice did not tolerate AB treatment, necessitating premature termination of the experiment. Male Cyp2c70-/- mice did tolerate AB but showed markedly augmented liver pathology after 6 weeks of treatment. Dramatic downregulation of hepatic Cyp8b1 expression (-99%) caused a reduction in the proportions of 12α-hydroxylated BAs in the circulating BA pools of AB-treated male Cyp2c70-/- mice. Interestingly, the resulting increased BA hydrophobicity strongly correlated with various indicators of liver pathology. Moreover, genetic inactivation of Cyp8b1 in livers of male Cyp2c70-/- mice increased liver pathology, while addition of ursodeoxycholic acid to the diet prevented weight loss and liver pathology in AB-treated female Cyp2c70-/- mice. In conclusion, depletion of gut microbiota in Cyp2c70-/- mice aggravates liver pathology at least in part by increasing the hydrophobicity of the circulating BA pool. These findings highlight that the potential implications of AB administration to cholestatic patients should be evaluated in a systematic manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Verkade
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wenqiang Shen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Milaine V. Hovingh
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Niels L. Mulder
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Krisztina de Bruyn
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn Koehorst
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hilde D. de Vries
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent W. Bloks
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Folkert Kuipers
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing (ERIBA), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jan Freark de Boer
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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8
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Geiger M, Oppi S, Nusser-Stein S, Costantino S, Mohammed SA, Gorica E, Hoogerland JA, Matter CM, Guillaumon AT, Ruschitzka F, Paneni F, Oosterveer MH, Stein S. Genetic deletion of hepatic NCOR1 protects from atherosclerosis by promoting alternative bile acid-metabolism and sterol excretion. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2023; 22:144. [PMID: 37349757 PMCID: PMC10288794 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-023-01865-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The nuclear receptor corepressor 1 (NCOR1) plays an important role in the regulation of gene expression in immunometabolic conditions by connecting chromatin-modifying enzymes, coregulators and transcription factors. NCOR1 has been shown to be involved in cardiometabolic diseases. Recently, we demonstrated that the deletion of macrophage NCOR1 aggravates atherosclerosis by promoting CD36-triggered foam cell formation via PPARG derepression. PURPOSE Since NCOR1 modulates the function of several key regulators involved in hepatic lipid and bile acid metabolism, we hypothesized that its deletion in hepatocytes alters lipid metabolism and atherogenesis. METHODS To test this hypothesis, we generated hepatocyte-specific Ncor1 knockout mice on a Ldlr-/- background. Besides assessing the progression of the disease in thoracoabdominal aortae en face, we analyzed hepatic cholesterol and bile acid metabolism at expression and functional levels. RESULTS Our data demonstrate that liver-specific Ncor1 knockout mice on an atherosclerosis-prone background develop less atherosclerotic lesions than controls. Interestingly, under chow diet, plasma cholesterol levels of liver-specific Ncor1 knockout mice were slightly higher compared to control, but strongly reduced compared to control mice after feeding them an atherogenic diet for 12 weeks. Moreover, the hepatic cholesterol content was decreased in liver-specific Ncor1 knockout compared to control mice. Our mechanistic data revealed that NCOR1 reprograms the synthesis of bile acids towards the alternative pathway, which in turn reduce bile hydrophobicity and enhances fecal cholesterol excretion. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that hepatic Ncor1 deletion in mice decreases atherosclerosis development by reprograming bile acid metabolism and enhancing fecal cholesterol excretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Geiger
- Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland.
| | - Sara Oppi
- Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Stefanie Nusser-Stein
- Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Sarah Costantino
- Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Shafeeq Ahmed Mohammed
- Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Era Gorica
- Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Joanne A Hoogerland
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Liver Digestive and Metabolic Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Christian M Matter
- Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
- Department of Research and Education, University Hospital Zurich, CH-8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ana T Guillaumon
- Vascular Diseases Discipline, Clinics Hospital of the University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Frank Ruschitzka
- Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center Zurich, University Hospital Zurich, CH-8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Paneni
- Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center Zurich, University Hospital Zurich, CH-8091, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Research and Education, University Hospital Zurich, CH-8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Maaike H Oosterveer
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Liver Digestive and Metabolic Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sokrates Stein
- Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland.
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9
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Fuller KNZ, Allen J, Kumari R, Akakpo JY, Ruebel M, Shankar K, Thyfault JP. Pre- and Post-Sexual Maturity Liver-specific ERα Knockout Does Not Impact Hepatic Mitochondrial Function. J Endocr Soc 2023; 7:bvad053. [PMID: 37197409 PMCID: PMC10184454 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvad053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Compared with males, premenopausal women and female rodents are protected against hepatic steatosis and present with higher functioning mitochondria (greater hepatic mitochondrial respiration and reduced H2O2 emission). Despite evidence that estrogen action mediates female protection against steatosis, mechanisms remain unknown. Here we validated a mouse model with inducible reduction of liver estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) (LERKO) via adeno-associated virus (AAV) Cre. We phenotyped the liver health and mitochondrial function of LERKO mice (n = 10-12 per group) on a short-term high-fat diet (HFD), and then tested whether timing of LERKO induction at 2 timepoints (sexually immature: 4 weeks old [n = 11 per group] vs sexually mature: 8-10 weeks old [n = 8 per group]) would impact HFD-induced outcomes. We opted for an inducible LERKO model due to known estrogen-mediated developmental programming, and we reported both receptor and tissue specificity with our model. Control mice were ERαfl/fl receiving AAV with green fluorescent protein (GFP) only. Results show that there were no differences in body weight/composition or hepatic steatosis in LERKO mice with either short-term (4-week) or chronic (8-week) high-fat feeding. Similarly, LERKO genotype nor timing of LERKO induction (pre vs post sexual maturity) did not alter hepatic mitochondrial O2 and H2O2 flux, coupling, or OXPHOS protein. Transcriptomic analysis showed that hepatic gene expression in LERKO was significantly influenced by developmental stage. Together, these studies suggest that hepatic ERα is not required in female protection against HFD-induced hepatic steatosis nor does it mediate sexual dimorphism in liver mitochondria function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly N Z Fuller
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
- Research Service, Kansas City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 64128, USA
| | - Julie Allen
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
- Research Service, Kansas City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 64128, USA
| | - Roshan Kumari
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
- Research Service, Kansas City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 64128, USA
| | - Jephte Y Akakpo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Meghan Ruebel
- USDA-ARS, Southeast Area, Arkansas Children’s Nutrition Center, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA
| | - Kartik Shankar
- USDA-ARS, Southeast Area, Arkansas Children’s Nutrition Center, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA
| | - John P Thyfault
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
- Research Service, Kansas City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 64128, USA
- KU Diabetes Institute and Kansas Center for Metabolism and Obesity, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
- Center for Children’s Healthy Lifestyles and Nutrition, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
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10
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Taurodeoxycholic acid-YAP1 upregulates OTX1 in promoting gallbladder cancer malignancy through IFITM3-dependent AKT activation. Oncogene 2023; 42:1466-1477. [PMID: 36928361 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02660-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Orthodenticle homeobox (OTX1) is reported to be involved in numerous cancers, but the expression level and molecular function of OTX1 in gallbladder cancer (GBC) remain unknown. Here, we found the elevated level of OTX1 associated with poor prognosis in human gallbladder cancer. In vitro and in vivo studies of human gallbladder cancer cell lines demonstrated that overexpression of OTX1 promoted cell proliferation, whereas the downregulation inhibited it. Additionally, we found a tight correlation between the serum level of taurodeoxycholic acid (TDCA) and OTX1 expression. TDCA-induced activation of YAP1 by phosphorylation inhibition contributed to the transcriptional activation of OTX1. Mechanistically, we identified that OTX1 activated AKT signaling pathway by transactivating the expression of IFITM3 and thus promoted the proliferation of GBC cells. Taken together, our results showed that TDCA-YAP1-dependent expression of OTX1 regulated IFITM3 and affected GBC proliferation via the AKT signaling pathway. Our experiments also suggested that OTX1 is a novel therapeutic target for GBC.
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11
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Role of bile acid receptor FXR in development and function of brown adipose tissue. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2023; 1868:159257. [PMID: 36402299 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2022.159257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Bile acids act as signalling molecules that contribute to maintenance of energy homeostasis in mice and humans. Activation of G-protein-coupled bile acid receptor TGR5 induces energy expenditure in brown adipose tissue (BAT). However, a role for the nuclear bile acid receptor Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) in BAT has remained ambiguous. We aimed to study the potential role of FXR in BAT development and functioning. Here we demonstrate low yet detectable expression of the α1/2 isoforms of FXR in murine BAT that markedly decreases upon cold exposure. Moderate adipose tissue-specific FXR overexpression in mice induces pronounced BAT whitening, presenting with large intracellular lipid droplets and extracellular collagen deposition. Expression of thermogenic marker genes including the target of Tgr5, Dio2, was significantly lower in BAT of chow-fed aP2-hFXR mice compared to wild-type controls. Transcriptomic analysis revealed marked up-regulation of extracellular matrix formation and down-regulation of mitochondrial functions in BAT from aP2-hFXR mice. In addition, markers of cell type lineages deriving from the dermomyotome, such as myocytes, as well as markers of cellular senescence were strongly induced. The response to cold and β3-adrenergic receptor agonism was blunted in these mice, yet resolved BAT whitening. Newborn cholestatic Cyp2c70-/- mice with a human-like bile acid profile also showed distinct BAT whitening and upregulation of myocyte-specific genes, while thermogenic markers were down-regulated. Ucp1 expression inversely correlated with plasma bile acid levels. Therefore, bile acid signalling via FXR has a role in BAT function already early in tissue development. Functionally, FXR activation appears to oppose TGR5-mediated thermogenesis.
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12
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Chen B, Bai Y, Tong F, Yan J, Zhang R, Zhong Y, Tan H, Ma X. Glycoursodeoxycholic acid regulates bile acids level and alters gut microbiota and glycolipid metabolism to attenuate diabetes. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2192155. [PMID: 36967529 PMCID: PMC10054359 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2192155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that the bile acid regulates type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) through gut microbiota-host interactions. However, the mechanisms underlying such interactions have been unclear. Here, we found that glycoursodeoxycholic acid (GUDCA) positively regulates gut microbiota by altering bile acid metabolism. GUDCA in mice resulted in higher taurolithocholic acid (TLCA) level and Bacteroides vulgatus abundance. Together, these changes resulted in the activation of the adipose G-protein-coupled bile acid receptor, GPBAR1 (TGR5) and upregulated expression of uncoupling protein UCP-1, resulting in elevation of white adipose tissue thermogenesis. The anti-T2DM effects of GUDCA are linked with the regulation of the bile acid and gut microbiota composition. This study suggests that altering bile acid metabolism, modifying the gut microbiota may be of value for the treatment of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingting Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
- Nanshan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Shenzhen Nanshan Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Shenzhen, China
| | - Yu Bai
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Fenglian Tong
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Junlin Yan
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Yewei Zhong
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Huiwen Tan
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Xiaoli Ma
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
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13
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Zhao L, Qiu Y, Zhang P, Wu X, Zhao Z, Deng X, Yang L, Wang D, Yuan G. Gut microbiota mediates positive effects of liraglutide on dyslipidemia in mice fed a high-fat diet. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1048693. [PMID: 36643973 PMCID: PMC9835552 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1048693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Except for improving glycemic control, liraglutide, one of the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, has exerted promising therapeutic effects for dyslipidemia. It has been proved that gut microbiota plays a dramatic role in regulating lipid metabolism. This study aims to explore whether liraglutide could improve dyslipidemia by modulating the gut microbiota in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD). The C57BL/6 mice were fed a HFD to establish an animal model of dyslipidemia, and then administered with liraglutide or normal saline (NS) for 12 weeks. Indices of glucolipid metabolism were evaluated. Gut microbiota of the mice was analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Compared with HFD group, liraglutide significantly alleviated weight, total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) levels, meanwhile elevating high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) levels (all p < 0.05). The gut microbiota analysis revealed that liraglutide greatly reduced the relative abundance of Firmicutes and augmented that of Bacteroidetes, with a concomitant drop in the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio. Meanwhile, liraglutide dramatically changed the overall composition, promoted the growth of beneficial microbes (Akkermansia, Lactobacillus, Parabacteroides, Oscillospira, etc.), and inhibited the growth of harmful microbes (AF12, Shigella, Proteobacteria, Xenorhabdus, etc.). Especially, the relative abundance of Akkermansia increased the most after liraglutide treatment. Correlation analysis suggested that TC and LDL were positively correlated with some harmful bacteria, and negatively associated with beneficial bacteria. This study confirmed that liraglutide had a certain therapeutic effect on dyslipidemia in HFD-fed mice and could regulate the composition of the gut microbiota associated with lipid metabolism, especially Akkermansia. Thus, affecting gut microbiota might be a potential mechanism of liraglutide in attenuating dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China,*Correspondence: Li Zhao,
| | - Yue Qiu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Panpan Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Taicang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taicang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xunan Wu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhicong Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xia Deng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ling Yang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guoyue Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China,Guoyue Yuan,
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14
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Abstract
Bile acids wear many hats, including those of an emulsifier to facilitate nutrient absorption, a cholesterol metabolite, and a signaling molecule in various tissues modulating itching to metabolism and cellular functions. Bile acids are synthesized in the liver but exhibit wide-ranging effects indicating their ability to mediate organ-organ crosstalk. So, how does a steroid metabolite orchestrate such diverse functions? Despite the inherent chemical similarity, the side chain decorations alter the chemistry and biology of the different bile acid species and their preferences to bind downstream receptors distinctly. Identification of new modifications in bile acids is burgeoning, and some of it is associated with the microbiota within the intestine. Here, we provide a brief overview of the history and the various receptors that mediate bile acid signaling in addition to its crosstalk with the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sayeepriyadarshini Anakk
- Correspondence: Sayeepriyadarshini Anakk, PhD, Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 506 S Mathews Ave, 453 Medical Sciences Bldg, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
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15
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Hashem AM, Cifuentes L, Calderon G, Ricardo-Silgado ML, Gonzalez-Izundegui D, Campos A, McRae A, Franks S, Hurtado MD, Burton D, Petterson XM, Lanza IR, Camilleri M, Acosta A. Effect of caloric intake and macronutrient composition on intestinal cholesterol absorption and bile acids in patients with obesity. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2022; 323:G157-G164. [PMID: 35727128 PMCID: PMC9377780 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00108.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is associated with alterations in cholesterol and bile acid (BA) metabolism. However, the interaction among dietary intake, cholesterol absorption, and BA metabolism in patients with obesity remains unclear. We conducted a 4-wk nutritional intervention nonrandomized clinical trial with three different sequential diets for a week in the following order: regular diet (RD); high calorie, high-fat diet (HCHF), washout period on RD; and low-calorie, low-fat diet (LCLF). We provided participants with meal replacements during HCHF and LCLF diets. A total of 16 participants completed the study [n = 8 normal weight (NW); n = 8 with obesity (OB)]. Overall, there was a significant increase in intestinal cholesterol uptake when changing from RD to HCHF and a reduction in intestinal cholesterol uptake from HCHF to LCLF. When analyzing by BMI groups, these findings were similar in patients with NW (RD to HCHF: P < 0.007; HCHF to LCLF: P = 0.02); however, in patients with obesity, the change in intestinal cholesterol uptake was only observed when changing from RD to HCHF (P = 0.006). There was no correlation between cholesterol absorption and fecal bile acids or other markers of BA metabolism in all patients or the subgroups. Dietary caloric content had a significant effect on cholesterol absorption, however, this effect is blunted in patients with obesity. These data are consistent with the impaired effect of a low-fat diet on cholesterol absorption in obesity.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We show how switching from a regular diet to an HCHF increases cholesterol absorption in patients with normal weight and obesity. The decrease in cholesterol absorption from an HCHF to an LCLF, on the other hand, was only seen in normal-weight controls, underlining the importance of body weight in this regulation. In addition, changes in caloric and fat content had an immediate and direct effect on hepatic bile acid production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anas Mohamad Hashem
- Precision Medicine for Obesity Program, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Lizeth Cifuentes
- Precision Medicine for Obesity Program, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Gerardo Calderon
- Precision Medicine for Obesity Program, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Maria Laura Ricardo-Silgado
- Precision Medicine for Obesity Program, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Daniel Gonzalez-Izundegui
- Precision Medicine for Obesity Program, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Alejandro Campos
- Precision Medicine for Obesity Program, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Alison McRae
- Precision Medicine for Obesity Program, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Shawna Franks
- Precision Medicine for Obesity Program, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Maria Daniela Hurtado
- Precision Medicine for Obesity Program, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Health System, La Crosse, Wisconsin
| | - Duane Burton
- Precision Medicine for Obesity Program, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - Ian R Lanza
- Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
- Endocrinology Research Unit, Division of Endocrinology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Michael Camilleri
- Precision Medicine for Obesity Program, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Andres Acosta
- Precision Medicine for Obesity Program, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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16
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Characterization and quantification of representative bile acids in ileal contents and feces of diet-induced obese mice by UPLC-MS/MS. CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjac.2022.100175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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17
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Wang Y, Dong Q, Hu S, Zou H, Wu T, Shi J, Zhang H, Sheng Y, Sun W, Kong X, Chen L. Decoding microbial genomes to understand their functional roles in human complex diseases. IMETA 2022; 1:e14. [PMID: 38868571 PMCID: PMC10989872 DOI: 10.1002/imt2.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Complex diseases such as cardiovascular disease (CVD), obesity, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), kidney disease, type 2 diabetes (T2D), and cancer have become a major burden to public health and affect more than 20% of the population worldwide. The etiology of complex diseases is not yet clear, but they are traditionally thought to be caused by genetics and environmental factors (e.g., dietary habits), and by their interactions. Besides this, increasing pieces of evidence now highlight that the intestinal microbiota may contribute substantially to the health and disease of the human host via their metabolic molecules. Therefore, decoding the microbial genomes has been an important strategy to shed light on their functional potential. In this review, we summarize the roles of the gut microbiome in complex diseases from its functional perspective. We further introduce artificial tools in decoding microbial genomes to profile their functionalities. Finally, state-of-the-art techniques have been highlighted which may contribute to a mechanistic understanding of the gut microbiome in human complex diseases and promote the development of the gut microbiome-based personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifeng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
- Cardiovascular Research Center, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu SchoolNanjing Medical UniversitySuzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Quanbin Dong
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
- Cardiovascular Research Center, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu SchoolNanjing Medical UniversitySuzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Shixian Hu
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐Sen UniversitySun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Huayiyang Zou
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Tingting Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Jing Shi
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Haifeng Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
- Cardiovascular Research Center, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu SchoolNanjing Medical UniversitySuzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Yanhui Sheng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
- Cardiovascular Research Center, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu SchoolNanjing Medical UniversitySuzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
- Cardiovascular Research Center, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu SchoolNanjing Medical UniversitySuzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Xiangqing Kong
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
- Cardiovascular Research Center, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu SchoolNanjing Medical UniversitySuzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Lianmin Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
- Cardiovascular Research Center, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu SchoolNanjing Medical UniversitySuzhouJiangsuChina
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
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18
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Hao Y, Zhou P, Zhu YJ, Zou S, Zhao Q, Yu J, Hu Y, Li J. Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis and Altered Bile Acid Catabolism Lead to Metabolic Disorder in Psoriasis Mice. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:853566. [PMID: 35495722 PMCID: PMC9048827 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.853566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with psoriasis tend to have significant comorbidities, such as hyperlipemia, diabetes mellitus, and obesity, which belong to metabolic disorders. The specific mechanism through which psoriasis increases the metabolic disorder risk is uncertain. In this study, we demonstrated that the dysbiotic gut microbiota of 6-month-old psoriasis-like model mice (K14-VEGF-A-transgenic) exacerbated psoriasis disease and induced metabolic disorder when transferred into 2-month-old mice. By 16S rRNA gene sequencing, we confirmed that the Parabacteroides distasonis decreased with age in K14-VEGF mice, and P. distasonis also decreased in the transferred mice. Metabolomic screening identified an altered bile acid profile, including a decrease in chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) in the feces of transferred mice. Additionally, CDCA supplements prevented metabolic disorders in K14-VEGF-A-transgenic mice. Consequently, we found that aberrant bile acid metabolism may contribute to metabolic disorder in K14-VEGF-A-transgenic mice, indicating the possibility to prevent and treat the metabolic disorder in psoriasis mice by targeting gut microbial metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Pei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Ya-juan Zhu
- Department of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Song Zou
- Department of Cardiology West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qixiang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiadong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Yawen Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Jiong Li
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19
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Positive Interventional Effect of Engineered Butyrate-Producing Bacteria on Metabolic Disorders and Intestinal Flora Disruption in Obese Mice. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0114721. [PMID: 35293806 PMCID: PMC9045090 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01147-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The substantially increased prevalence of obesity and obesity-related diseases has generated considerable concern. Currently, synthetic biological strategies have played an essential role in preventing and treating chronic diseases such as obesity. A growing number of symbiotic bacteria used as vectors for genetic engineering have been applied to create living therapeutics. In this study, using Bacillus subtilis as a cellular chassis, we constructed the engineered butyrate-producing strain BsS-RS06551 with a butyrate yield of 1.5 g/liter. A mouse model of obesity induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) was established to study the long-term intervention effects of this butyrate-producing bacteria on obesity. Combined with phenotypic assay results, we found that BsS-RS06551 could effectively retard body weight gain induced by a high-fat diet and visceral fat accumulation of mice, whereas it could improve glucose tolerance and insulin tolerance, reducing liver damage. We explored the BsS-RS06551 mechanism of action on host function and changes in intestinal flora by integrating multiple omics profiling, including untargeted metabolomics and metagenomics. The results showed that 24 major differential metabolites were involved in the metabolic regulation of BsS-RS06551 to prevent obesity in mice, including bile acid metabolism, branch chain amino acids, aromatic amino acids, and other metabolic pathways. Continuous ingestion of BsS-RS06551 could regulate gut microbiota composition and structure and enhance intestinal flora metabolic function abundance, which was closely related to host interactions. Our results demonstrated that engineered butyrate-producing bacteria had potential as an effective strategy to prevent obesity. IMPORTANCE Obesity is a chronic metabolic disease with an imbalance between energy intake and energy expenditure, and obesity-related metabolic diseases have become increasingly common. There is an urgent need to develop effective interventions for the prevention and treatment of obesity. This study showed that long-term consumption of BsS-RS06551 had a significant inhibitory effect on obesity induced by a high-fat diet and was more potent in inhibiting obesity than prebiotic inulin. In addition, this study showed a beneficial effect on host glucose, lipid metabolism, and gut microbe composition. Considering its colonization potential, this engineered bacteria provided a new strategy for the effective and convenient treatment of obesity in the long term.
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20
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Vike NL, Bari S, Stetsiv K, Talavage TM, Nauman EA, Papa L, Slobounov S, Breiter HC, Cornelis MC. Metabolomic response to collegiate football participation: Pre- and Post-season analysis. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3091. [PMID: 35197541 PMCID: PMC8866500 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07079-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Contact sports participation has been shown to have both beneficial and detrimental effects on health, however little is known about the metabolic sequelae of these effects. We aimed to identify metabolite alterations across a collegiate American football season. Serum was collected from 23 male collegiate football athletes before the athletic season (Pre) and after the last game (Post). Samples underwent nontargeted metabolomic profiling and 1131 metabolites were included for univariate, pathway enrichment, and multivariate analyses. Significant metabolites were assessed against head acceleration events (HAEs). 200 metabolites changed from Pre to Post (P < 0.05 and Q < 0.05); 160 had known identity and mapped to one of 57 pre-defined biological pathways. There was significant enrichment of metabolites belonging to five pathways (P < 0.05): xanthine, fatty acid (acyl choline), medium chain fatty acid, primary bile acid, and glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, and pyruvate metabolism. A set of 12 metabolites was sufficient to discriminate Pre from Post status, and changes in 64 of the 200 metabolites were also associated with HAEs (P < 0.05). In summary, the identified metabolites, and candidate pathways, argue there are metabolic consequences of both physical training and head impacts with football participation. These findings additionally identify a potential set of objective biomarkers of repetitive head injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole L Vike
- Warren Wright Adolescent Center Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sumra Bari
- Warren Wright Adolescent Center Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Khrystyna Stetsiv
- Warren Wright Adolescent Center Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Thomas M Talavage
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Eric A Nauman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Linda Papa
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Orlando Regional Medical Center, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Semyon Slobounov
- Department of Kinesiology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
| | - Hans C Breiter
- Warren Wright Adolescent Center Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Laboratory of Neuroimaging and Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marilyn C Cornelis
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
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21
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Zhang B, Kuipers F, de Boer JF, Kuivenhoven JA. Modulation of Bile Acid Metabolism to Improve Plasma Lipid and Lipoprotein Profiles. J Clin Med 2021; 11:jcm11010004. [PMID: 35011746 PMCID: PMC8745251 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
New drugs targeting bile acid metabolism are currently being evaluated in clinical studies for their potential to treat cholestatic liver diseases, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Changes in bile acid metabolism, however, translate into an alteration of plasma cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations, which may also affect cardiovascular outcomes in such patients. This review attempts to gain insight into this matter and improve our understanding of the interactions between bile acid and lipid metabolism. Bile acid sequestrants (BAS), which bind bile acids in the intestine and promote their faecal excretion, have long been used in the clinic to reduce LDL cholesterol and, thereby, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk. However, BAS modestly but consistently increase plasma triglycerides, which is considered a causal risk factor for ASCVD. Like BAS, inhibitors of the apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter (ASBTi’s) reduce intestinal bile acid absorption. ASBTi’s show effects that are quite similar to those obtained with BAS, which is anticipated when considering that accelerated faecal loss of bile acids is compensated by an increased hepatic synthesis of bile acids from cholesterol. Oppositely, treatment with farnesoid X receptor agonists, resulting in inhibition of bile acid synthesis, appears to be associated with increased LDL cholesterol. In conclusion, the increasing efforts to employ drugs that intervene in bile acid metabolism and signalling pathways for the treatment of metabolic diseases such as NAFLD warrants reinforcing interactions between the bile acid and lipid and lipoprotein research fields. This review may be considered as the first step in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyan Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands; (B.Z.); (F.K.)
| | - Folkert Kuipers
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands; (B.Z.); (F.K.)
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Freark de Boer
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands; (B.Z.); (F.K.)
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: (J.F.d.B.); (J.A.K.)
| | - Jan Albert Kuivenhoven
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands; (B.Z.); (F.K.)
- Correspondence: (J.F.d.B.); (J.A.K.)
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22
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Polyclonal Aptamers for Specific Fluorescence Labeling and Quantification of the Health Relevant Human Gut Bacterium Parabacteroides distasonis. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9112284. [PMID: 34835410 PMCID: PMC8618460 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9112284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Single-stranded DNA aptamers as affinity molecules for the rapid, reliable detection of intestinal bacteria are of particular interest to equip health systems with novel robust and cheap diagnostic tools for monitoring the success of supplementation strategies with selected probiotic gut bacteria in the fight against major widespread threats, such as obesity and neurodegenerative diseases. The human gut bacterium Parabacteroides distasonis (P. distasonis) is positively associated with diseases such as obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and multiple sclerosis with reduced cell counts in these diseases and is thus a promising potential probiotic bacterium for future microbial supplementation. In this paper we report on the evolution of a specific polyclonal aptamer library by the fluorescence based FluCell-SELEX directed against whole cells of P. distasonis that specifically and efficiently binds and labels P. distasonis. The aptamer library showed high binding affinity and was suited to quantitatively discriminate P. distasonis from other prominent gut bacteria also in mixtures. We believe that this library against a promising probiotic bacterium as a prototype may open new routes towards the development of novel biosensors for the easy and efficient quantitative monitoring of microbial abundance in human microbiomes in general.
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23
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Li R, Palmiotti A, de Vries HD, Hovingh MV, Koehorst M, Mulder NL, Zhang Y, Kats K, Bloks VW, Fu J, Verkade HJ, de Boer JF, Kuipers F. Low production of 12α-hydroxylated bile acids prevents hepatic steatosis in Cyp2c70 -/- mice by reducing fat absorption. J Lipid Res 2021; 62:100134. [PMID: 34626589 PMCID: PMC8596750 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2021.100134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bile acids (BAs) play important roles in lipid homeostasis and BA signaling pathways serve as therapeutic targets for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Recently, we generated Cyp2c70-/- mice with a human-like BA composition lacking mouse/rat-specific muricholic acids (MCAs) to accelerate translation from mice to humans. We employed this model to assess the consequences of a human-like BA pool on diet-induced obesity and NAFLD development. Male and female Cyp2c70-/- mice and wild-type (WT) littermates were challenged with a 12-week Western-type high-fat diet (WTD) supplemented with 0.25% cholesterol. Cyp2c70-deficiency induced a hydrophobic BA pool with high abundances of chenodeoxycholic acid, particularly in females, due to sex-dependent suppression of sterol 12α-hydroxylase (Cyp8b1). Plasma transaminases were elevated and hepatic fibrosis was present in Cyp2c70-/- mice, especially in females. Surprisingly, female Cyp2c70-/- mice were resistant to WTD-induced obesity and hepatic steatosis while male Cyp2c70-/- mice showed similar adiposity and moderately reduced steatosis compared to WT controls. Both intestinal cholesterol and fatty acid absorption were reduced in Cyp2c70-/- mice, the latter more strongly in females, despite unaffected biliary BA secretion rates. Intriguingly, the biliary ratio 12α-/non-12α-hydroxylated BAs significantly correlated with fatty acid absorption and hepatic triglyceride content as well as with specific changes in gut microbiome composition. The hydrophobic human-like BA pool in Cyp2c70-/- mice prevents WTD-induced obesity in female mice and NAFLD development in both genders, primarily due to impaired intestinal fat absorption. Our data point to a key role for 12α-hydroxylated BAs in control of intestinal fat absorption and modulation of gut microbiome composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rumei Li
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anna Palmiotti
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hilde D de Vries
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Milaine V Hovingh
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn Koehorst
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Niels L Mulder
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Kim Kats
- Department of Biomedical Science of Cells and Systems, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent W Bloks
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jingyuan Fu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Henkjan J Verkade
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Freark de Boer
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Folkert Kuipers
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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24
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Zhou E, Hoeke G, Li Z, Eibergen AC, Schonk AW, Koehorst M, Boverhof R, Havinga R, Kuipers F, Coskun T, Boon MR, Groen AK, Rensen PCN, Berbée JFP, Wang Y. Colesevelam enhances the beneficial effects of brown fat activation on hyperlipidaemia and atherosclerosis development. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 116:1710-1720. [PMID: 31589318 PMCID: PMC7643538 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvz253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Brown fat activation accelerates the uptake of cholesterol-enriched remnants by the liver and thereby lowers plasma cholesterol, consequently protecting against atherosclerosis development. Hepatic cholesterol is then converted into bile acids (BAs) that are secreted into the intestine and largely maintained within the enterohepatic circulation. We now aimed to evaluate the effects of prolonged brown fat activation combined with inhibition of intestinal BA reabsorption on plasma cholesterol metabolism and atherosclerosis development. Methods and results APOE*3-Leiden.CETP mice with humanized lipoprotein metabolism were treated for 9 weeks with the selective β3-adrenergic receptor (AR) agonist CL316,243 to substantially activate brown fat. Prolonged β3-AR agonism reduced faecal BA excretion (−31%), while markedly increasing plasma levels of total BAs (+258%), cholic acid-derived BAs (+295%), and chenodeoxycholic acid-derived BAs (+217%), and decreasing the expression of hepatic genes involved in BA production. In subsequent experiments, mice were additionally treated with the BA sequestrant Colesevelam to inhibit BA reabsorption. Concomitant intestinal BA sequestration increased faecal BA excretion, normalized plasma BA levels, and reduced hepatic cholesterol. Moreover, concomitant BA sequestration further reduced plasma total cholesterol (−49%) and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (−56%), tended to further attenuate atherosclerotic lesion area (−54%). Concomitant BA sequestration further increased the proportion of lesion-free valves (+34%) and decreased the relative macrophage area within the lesion (−26%), thereby further increasing the plaque stability index (+44%). Conclusion BA sequestration prevents the marked accumulation of plasma BAs as induced by prolonged brown fat activation, thereby further improving cholesterol metabolism and reducing atherosclerosis development. These data suggest that combining brown fat activation with BA sequestration is a promising new therapeutic strategy to reduce hyperlipidaemia and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enchen Zhou
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Geerte Hoeke
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Zhuang Li
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Arthur C Eibergen
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Amber W Schonk
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn Koehorst
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Renze Boverhof
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rick Havinga
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Folkert Kuipers
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Tamer Coskun
- Department of Diabetes/Endocrine, Lilly Research Laboratories, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Mariëtte R Boon
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Albert K Groen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick C N Rensen
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jimmy F P Berbée
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Yanan Wang
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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25
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Zhang L, Qing P, Yang H, Wu Y, Liu Y, Luo Y. Gut Microbiome and Metabolites in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Link, Mechanisms and Intervention. Front Immunol 2021; 12:686501. [PMID: 34335588 PMCID: PMC8319742 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.686501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), often considered the prototype of autoimmune diseases, is characterized by over-activation of the autoimmune system with abnormal functions of innate and adaptive immune cells and the production of a large number of autoantibodies against nuclear components. Given the highly complex and heterogeneous nature of SLE, the pathogenesis of this disease remains incompletely understood and is presumed to involve both genetic and environmental factors. Currently, disturbance of the gut microbiota has emerged as a novel player involved in the pathogenesis of SLE. With in-depth research, the understanding of the intestinal bacteria-host interaction in SLE is much more comprehensive. Recent years have also seen an increase in metabolomics studies in SLE with the attempt to identify potential biomarkers for diagnosis or disease activity monitoring. An intricate relationship between gut microbiome changes and metabolic alterations could help explain the mechanisms by which gut bacteria play roles in the pathogenesis of SLE. Here, we review the role of microbiota dysbiosis in the aetiology of SLE and how intestinal microbiota interact with the host metabolism axis. A proposed treatment strategy for SLE based on gut microbiome (GM) regulation is also discussed in this review. Increasing our understanding of gut microbiota and their function in lupus will provide us with novel opportunities to develop effective and precise diagnostic strategies and to explore potential microbiota-based treatments for patients with lupus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingshu Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Rare Diseases Center, Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Pingying Qing
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Rare Diseases Center, Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hang Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Rare Diseases Center, Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yongkang Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Outpatient, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Rare Diseases Center, Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yubin Luo
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Rare Diseases Center, Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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26
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Abstract
Bile acids and their signaling pathways are increasingly recognized as potential therapeutic targets for cholestatic and metabolic liver diseases. This review summarizes new insights in bile acid physiology, focusing on regulatory roles of bile acids in the control of immune regulation and on effects of pharmacological modulators of bile acid signaling pathways in human liver disease. Recent mouse studies have highlighted the importance of the interactions between bile acids and gut microbiome. Interfering with microbiome composition may be beneficial for cholestatic and metabolic liver diseases by modulating formation of secondary bile acids, as different bile acid species have different signaling functions. Bile acid receptors such as FXR, VDR, and TGR5 are expressed in a variety of cells involved in innate as well as adaptive immunity, and specific microbial bile acid metabolites positively modulate immune responses of the host. Identification of Cyp2c70 as the enzyme responsible for the generation of hydrophilic mouse/rat-specific muricholic acids has allowed the generation of murine models with a human-like bile acid composition. These novel mouse models will aid to accelerate translational research on the (patho)physiological roles of bile acids in human liver diseases .
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27
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Cai H, Wen Z, Meng K, Yang P. Metabolomic signatures for liver tissue and cecum contents in high-fat diet-induced obese mice based on UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2021; 18:69. [PMID: 34193189 PMCID: PMC8243746 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-021-00595-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The incidence of obesity is increasing worldwide, and it is a risk factor for diabetes, dyslipidemia, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Our previous study had demonstrated that high-fat diet induced increased weight gain, fat weight, serum cholesterol, triglyceride, and ATL levels in liver, and influenced the diversity and composition of cecal microbiota in mice. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the roles of the gut microbially derived metabolites and liver metabolites between the obese and lean mice, focusing on their association with the progression of obesity induced by high-fat diet (HFD). Methods An obesity model in mice was established with HFD for 16 weeks. Cecal contents and liver tissues metabolomics based on ultraperformance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analyses (OPLS-DA) was performed to identify the alterations in metabolites associated with obese mice. Results Obese and lean groups were clearly discriminated from each other on OPLS-DA score plot and major metabolites contributing to the discrimination were mainly involved in glycerophospholipid metabolism, primary bile acid biosynthesis, and biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids pathways. HFD-induced alterations of 19 metabolites in liver and 43 metabolites in cecum contents were identified as potential biomarkers related to obesity. Specifically, chenodeoxycholic acid, taurochenodeoxycholate, and tauroursodeoxycholic acid in liver were elevated 35.94, 24.36, and 18.71-fold, respectively. PI(P-16:0/18:1(9Z)), PG(19:0/16:0), PS(P-16:0/20:2(11Z,14Z)), PI(22:1(11Z)/12:0), and PE(21:0/0:0) in cecum were enhanced 884, 640.96, 226.63, 210.10, 45.13-fold in comparison with the lean mice. These metabolites were the most important biomarkers for discriminating between the obese and lean mice. In addition, cecum contents metabolites were strongly correlated with hepatic metabolites through gut-liver axis analysis. Conclusions HFD increased lipid profiles (i.e. glycerophospholipids, PC, PE, PI, PG, and PS) and total bile acid (primary and secondary bile acid) in liver and cecum, suggesting that they may play an important role in the progression of obesity. These metabolites can be used to better understand obesity and related disease induced by HFD. Furthermore, the level alterations of these metabolites can be used to assess the risk of obesity and the therapeutic effect of obesity management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongying Cai
- Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.,National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiguo Wen
- National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Meng
- National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Peilong Yang
- Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China. .,National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
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28
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Abstract
The precipitous increase in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is accompanied by a dramatic increase in the incidence of NASH-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HCC in NASH has a higher propensity to arise without pre-existing cirrhosis compared with other chronic liver diseases.
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29
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Miyazaki-Anzai S, Masuda M, Shiozaki Y, Keenan AL, Chonchol M, Kremoser C, Miyazaki M. Free Deoxycholic Acid Exacerbates Vascular Calcification in CKD through ER Stress-Mediated ATF4 Activation. KIDNEY360 2021; 2:857-868. [PMID: 34423309 PMCID: PMC8378801 DOI: 10.34067/kid.0007502020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our metabolome approach found that levels of circulating, free deoxycholic acid (DCA) is associated with the severity of vascular calcification in patients with CKD. However, it is not known whether DCA directly causes vascular calcification in CKD. METHODS Using various chemicals and animal and cell culture models, we investigated whether the modulation of DCA levels influences vascular calcification in CKD. RESULTS CKD increased levels of DCA in mice and humans by decreasing urinary DCA excretion. Treatment of cultured VSMCs with DCA but no other bile acids (BAs) induced vascular calcification and osteogenic differentiation through endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated activating transcription factor-4 (ATF4) activation. Treatment of mice with Farnesoid X receptor (FXR)-specific agonists selectively reduced levels of circulating cholic acid-derived BAs, such as DCA, protecting from CKD-dependent medial calcification and atherosclerotic calcification. Reciprocal FXR deficiency and DCA treatment induced vascular calcification by increasing levels of circulating DCA and activating the ER stress response. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that DCA plays a causative role in regulating CKD-dependent vascular diseases through ER stress-mediated ATF4 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinobu Miyazaki-Anzai
- Division of Renal Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Masashi Masuda
- Division of Renal Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Yuji Shiozaki
- Division of Renal Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Audrey L. Keenan
- Division of Renal Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Michel Chonchol
- Division of Renal Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | | | - Makoto Miyazaki
- Division of Renal Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado,Phenex Pharmaceuticals AG, Heidelberg, Germany
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30
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Bile acids and their signalling pathways are increasingly recognized as potential therapeutic targets for several diseases. This review summarizes new insights in bile acid physiology, focussing on regulatory roles of bile acids in intestinal functions. RECENT FINDINGS Recent studies have highlighted the interactions between bile acids and gut microbiome: interfering with microbiome composition may be beneficial in treatment of liver and metabolic diseases by modulating bile acid composition, as different bile acid species have different signalling functions. In the intestine, bile acid receptors FXR, VDR and TGR5 are involved in control of barrier function, paracellular ion transport and hormone release. Specific microbial bile acid metabolites modulate immune responses of the host. In addition, new functions of bile acids in regulation of gastric emptying and satiation via brain-gut-liver axis have been discovered. Identification of Cyp2c70 as the enzyme responsible for generation of hydrophilic mouse/rat-specific muricholic acids has allowed the generation of murine models with a human-like bile acid composition. SUMMARY Specific bile acids act as important signalling molecules affecting whole body metabolism, specific transport processes and immunity in different segments of the intestinal tract. Their relevance for human (patho)physiology is emerging. Novel mouse models with human-like bile acid composition will aid to accelerate translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Folkert Kuipers
- Department of Pediatrics
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Gut Dysbiosis and Abnormal Bile Acid Metabolism in Colitis-Associated Cancer. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2021; 2021:6645970. [PMID: 33708251 PMCID: PMC7929689 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6645970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with prolonged inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) can develop into colorectal cancer (CRC), also called colitis-associated cancer (CAC). Studies have shown the association between gut dysbiosis, abnormal bile acid metabolism, and inflammation process. Here, we aimed to investigate these two factors in the CAC model. Methods C57BL/6 mice were randomly allocated to two groups: azoxymethane/dextran sodium sulfate (AOM/DSS) and control. The AOM/DSS group received AOM injection followed by DSS drinking water. Intestinal inflammation, mucosal barrier, and bile acid receptors were determined by real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry. Fecal microbiome and bile acids were detected via 16S rRNA sequencing and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Results The AOM/DSS group exhibited severe mucosal barrier impairment, inflammatory response, and tumor formation. In the CAC model, the richness and biodiversity of gut microbiota were decreased, along with significant alteration of composition. The abundance of pathogens was increased, while the short-chain fatty acids producing bacteria were reduced. Interestingly, Clostridium XlV and Lactobacillus, which might be involved in the bile acid deconjugation, transformation, and desulfation, were significantly decreased. Accordingly, fecal bile acids were decreased, accompanied by reduced transformation of primary to secondary bile acids. Given bile acid receptors, the ileum farnesoid X receptor-fibroblast growth factor 15 (FXR-FGF15) axis was downregulated, while Takeda G-protein receptor 5 (TGR5) was overexpressed in colonic tumor tissues. Conclusion Gut dysbiosis might alter the metabolism of bile acids and promote CAC, which would provide a potential preventive strategy of CAC by regulating gut microbiota and bile acid metabolism.
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A Link between Intrahepatic Cholestasis and Genetic Variations in Intracellular Trafficking Regulators. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10020119. [PMID: 33557414 PMCID: PMC7914782 DOI: 10.3390/biology10020119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Cholestasis refers to a medical condition in which the liver is not capable of secreting bile. The consequent accumulation of toxic bile components in the liver leads to liver failure. Cholestasis can be caused by mutations in genes that code for proteins involved in bile secretion. Recently mutations in other genes have been discovered in patients with cholestasis of unknown origin. Interestingly, many of these newly discovered genes code for proteins that regulate the intracellular distribution of other proteins, including those involved in bile secretion. This group of genes thus suggests the deregulated intracellular distribution of bile-secreting proteins as an important but still poorly understood mechanism that underlies cholestasis. To expedite a better understanding of this mechanism, we have reviewed these genes and their mutations and we discuss these in the context of cholestasis. Abstract Intrahepatic cholestasis is characterized by the accumulation of compounds in the serum that are normally secreted by hepatocytes into the bile. Genes associated with familial intrahepatic cholestasis (FIC) include ATP8B1 (FIC1), ABCB11 (FIC2), ABCB4 (FIC3), TJP2 (FIC4), NR1H4 (FIC5) and MYO5B (FIC6). With advanced genome sequencing methodologies, additional mutated genes are rapidly identified in patients presenting with idiopathic FIC. Notably, several of these genes, VPS33B, VIPAS39, SCYL1, and AP1S1, together with MYO5B, are functionally associated with recycling endosomes and/or the Golgi apparatus. These are components of a complex process that controls the sorting and trafficking of proteins, including those involved in bile secretion. These gene variants therefore suggest that defects in intracellular trafficking take a prominent place in FIC. Here we review these FIC-associated trafficking genes and their variants, their contribution to biliary transporter and canalicular protein trafficking, and, when perturbed, to cholestatic liver disease. Published variants for each of these genes have been summarized in table format, providing a convenient reference for those who work in the intrahepatic cholestasis field.
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de Boer JF, de Vries HD, Palmiotti A, Li R, Doestzada M, Hoogerland JA, Fu J, La Rose AM, Westerterp M, Mulder NL, Hovingh MV, Koehorst M, Kloosterhuis NJ, Wolters JC, Bloks VW, Haas JT, Dombrowicz D, Staels B, van de Sluis B, Kuipers F. Cholangiopathy and Biliary Fibrosis in Cyp2c70-Deficient Mice Are Fully Reversed by Ursodeoxycholic Acid. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020; 11:1045-1069. [PMID: 33309945 PMCID: PMC7898074 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2020.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Bile acids (BAs) aid intestinal fat absorption and exert systemic actions by receptor-mediated signaling. BA receptors have been identified as drug targets for liver diseases. Yet, differences in BA metabolism between humans and mice hamper translation of pre-clinical outcomes. Cyp2c70-ablation in mice prevents synthesis of mouse/rat-specific muricholic acids (MCAs), but potential (patho)physiological consequences of their absence are unknown. We therefore assessed age- and gender-dependent effects of Cyp2c70-deficiency in mice. METHODS The consequences of Cyp2c70-deficiency were assessed in male and female mice at different ages. RESULTS Cyp2c70-/- mice were devoid of MCAs and showed high abundances of chenodeoxycholic and lithocholic acids. Cyp2c70-deficiency profoundly impacted microbiome composition. Bile flow and biliary BA secretion were normal in Cyp2c70-/- mice of both sexes. Yet, the pathophysiological consequences of Cyp2c70-deficiency differed considerably between sexes. Three-week old male Cyp2c70-/- mice showed high plasma BAs and transaminases, which spontaneously decreased thereafter to near-normal levels. Only mild ductular reactions were observed in male Cyp2c70-/- mice up to 8 months of age. In female Cyp2c70-/- mice, plasma BAs and transaminases remained substantially elevated with age, gut barrier function was impaired and bridging fibrosis was observed at advanced age. Addition of 0.1% ursodeoxycholic acid to the diet fully normalized hepatic and intestinal functions in female Cyp2c70-/- mice. CONCLUSION Cyp2c70-/- mice show transient neonatal cholestasis and develop cholangiopathic features that progress to bridging fibrosis in females only. These consequences of Cyp2c70-deficiency are restored by treatment with UDCA, indicating a role of BA hydrophobicity in disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Freark de Boer
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Hilde D de Vries
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; University of Groningen, Campus Fryslân, Leeuwarden, the Netherlands
| | - Anna Palmiotti
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Rumei Li
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Marwah Doestzada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Genetics University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Joanne A Hoogerland
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur Lille, U1011-EGID, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Jingyuan Fu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Genetics University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Anouk M La Rose
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Marit Westerterp
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Niels L Mulder
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Milaine V Hovingh
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Martijn Koehorst
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Niels J Kloosterhuis
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Justina C Wolters
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Vincent W Bloks
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Joel T Haas
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur Lille, U1011-EGID, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - David Dombrowicz
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur Lille, U1011-EGID, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Bart Staels
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur Lille, U1011-EGID, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Bart van de Sluis
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands; iPSC/CRISPR Center Groningen, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Folkert Kuipers
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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Chen H, Zhou S, Li J, Huang X, Cheng J, Jiang X, Qin W, Liu Y, Liu A, Zhang Q, Lin D, Zhang Z, Chen D. Xyloglucan compounded inulin or arabinoxylan against glycometabolism disorder via different metabolic pathways: Gut microbiota and bile acid receptor effects. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.104162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Chen L, van den Munckhof ICL, Schraa K, Ter Horst R, Koehorst M, van Faassen M, van der Ley C, Doestzada M, Zhernakova DV, Kurilshikov A, Bloks VW, Groen AK, Riksen NP, Rutten JHW, Joosten LAB, Wijmenga C, Zhernakova A, Netea MG, Fu J, Kuipers F. Genetic and Microbial Associations to Plasma and Fecal Bile Acids in Obesity Relate to Plasma Lipids and Liver Fat Content. Cell Rep 2020; 33:108212. [PMID: 33027657 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Bile acids (BAs) are implicated in the etiology of obesity-related conditions such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Differently structured BA species display variable signaling activities via farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and Takeda G protein-coupled BA receptor 1 (TGR5). This study profiles plasma and fecal BAs and plasma 7α-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one (C4) in 297 persons with obesity, identifies underlying genetic and microbial determinants, and establishes BA correlations with liver fat and plasma lipid parameters. We identify 27 genetic associations (p < 5 × 10-8) and 439 microbial correlations (FDR < 0.05) for 50 BA entities. Additionally, we report 111 correlations between BA and 88 lipid parameters (FDR < 0.05), mainly for C4 reflecting hepatic BA synthesis. Inter-individual variability in the plasma BA profile does not reflect hepatic BA synthetic pathways, but rather transport and metabolism within the enterohepatic circulation. Our study reveals genetic and microbial determinants of BAs in obesity and their relationship to disease-relevant lipid parameters that are important for the design of personalized therapies targeting BA-signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianmin Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9713AV, the Netherlands; Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9713AV, the Netherlands
| | - Inge C L van den Munckhof
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500HB, the Netherlands
| | - Kiki Schraa
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500HB, the Netherlands
| | - Rob Ter Horst
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500HB, the Netherlands
| | - Martijn Koehorst
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9713AV, the Netherlands; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9713AV, the Netherlands
| | - Martijn van Faassen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9713AV, the Netherlands
| | - Claude van der Ley
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9713AV, the Netherlands
| | - Marwah Doestzada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9713AV, the Netherlands; Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9713AV, the Netherlands
| | - Daria V Zhernakova
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9713AV, the Netherlands; Laboratory of Genomic Diversity, Center for Computer Technologies, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - Alexander Kurilshikov
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9713AV, the Netherlands
| | - Vincent W Bloks
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9713AV, the Netherlands
| | - Albert K Groen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9713AV, the Netherlands; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9713AV, the Netherlands; Department of Vascular Medicine, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam 1012WX, the Netherlands
| | | | - Niels P Riksen
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500HB, the Netherlands
| | - Joost H W Rutten
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500HB, the Netherlands
| | - Leo A B Joosten
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500HB, the Netherlands; Department of Medical Genetics, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca 400000, Romania
| | - Cisca Wijmenga
- University of Groningen, Groningen 9712CP, the Netherlands
| | - Alexandra Zhernakova
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9713AV, the Netherlands
| | - Mihai G Netea
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500HB, the Netherlands; Department for Genomics & Immunoregulation, Life and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn 53113, Germany; Human Genomics Laboratory, Craiova University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Craiova 200349, Romania
| | - Jingyuan Fu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9713AV, the Netherlands; Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9713AV, the Netherlands.
| | - Folkert Kuipers
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9713AV, the Netherlands; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9713AV, the Netherlands.
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Qin T, Fu J, Verkade HJ. The role of the gut microbiome in graft fibrosis after pediatric liver transplantation. Hum Genet 2020; 140:709-724. [PMID: 32920649 PMCID: PMC8052232 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-020-02221-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Liver transplantation (LT) is a life-saving option for children with end-stage liver disease. However, about 50% of patients develop graft fibrosis in 1 year after LT, with normal liver function. Graft fibrosis may progress to cirrhosis, resulting in graft dysfunction and ultimately the need for re-transplantation. Previous studies have identified various risk factors for the post-LT fibrogenesis, however, to date, neither of the factors seems to fully explain the cause of graft fibrosis. Recently, evidence has accumulated on the important role of the gut microbiome in outcomes after solid organ transplantation. As an altered microbiome is present in pediatric patients with end-stage liver diseases, we hypothesize that the persisting alterations in microbial composition or function contribute to the development of graft fibrosis, for example by bacteria translocation due to increased intestinal permeability, imbalanced bile acids metabolism, and/or decreased production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Subsequently, an immune response can be activated in the graft, together with the stimulation of fibrogenesis. Here we review current knowledge about the potential mechanisms by which alterations in microbial composition or function may lead to graft fibrosis in pediatric LT and we provide prospective views on the efficacy of gut microbiome manipulation as a therapeutic target to alleviate the graft fibrosis and to improve long-term survival after LT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Qin
- Pediatric Gastroenterology/Hepatology, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, Research Laboratory of Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Beatrix Children's Hospital/University Medical Center Groningen, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jingyuan Fu
- Pediatric Gastroenterology/Hepatology, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, Research Laboratory of Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Beatrix Children's Hospital/University Medical Center Groningen, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Henkjan J Verkade
- Pediatric Gastroenterology/Hepatology, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, Research Laboratory of Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Beatrix Children's Hospital/University Medical Center Groningen, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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Wang G, Wu B, Cui Y, Zhang B, Jiang C, Wang H. Teneligliptin Promotes Bile Acid Synthesis and Attenuates Lipid Accumulation in Obese Mice by Targeting the KLF15-Fgf15 Pathway. Chem Res Toxicol 2020; 33:2164-2171. [PMID: 32639145 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.0c00192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Bile acids (BAs) play essential physiological roles not only by facilitating the absorption and transport of nutrients but also by acting as a complex molecular signaling system. Reduced levels of BAs have been observed in obesity and other metabolic disorders. In the present study, we explored the effect of the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor teneligliptin on BA synthesis, both in vitro and in vivo. In our in vivo experiments, we found that teneligliptin increased the liver, ileal, and serum BA concentrations in mice undergoing teneligliptin treatment for 10 weeks. We further found that in mice fed a high-fat diet, teneligliptin prevented an increase in markers of obesity (body weight, total cholesterol, total triglyceride, adipocyte size) while increasing the total serum and ileal levels of BA. Mechanistically, teneligliptin increased BA synthesis through the alternative synthesis pathway, as the levels of both 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) and sterol 27-hydroxylase (CYP27A1) along with downstream oxysterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7B1) but not sterol 12α-hydroxylase (CYP8B1) were increased. Importantly, teneligliptin suppressed the expression of the BA synthesis inhibitory factor Fgf15, which was mediated through phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/Krüppel-like factor 15 (KLF15) signaling. Inhibition of KLF15 abolished this effect. Together, our results provide evidence of the potential benefit of teneligliptin in the treatment of metabolic disorders via increased BA production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Wang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Bing Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, China
| | - Yang Cui
- Department of Neurology No. 4, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Departments of Pediatric Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Chunyan Jiang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Tianjin Medical University), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin 300134, China
| | - Heyuan Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
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Ahmad TR, Higuchi S, Bertaggia E, Hung A, Shanmugarajah N, Guilz NC, Gamarra JR, Haeusler RA. Bile acid composition regulates the manganese transporter Slc30a10 in intestine. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:12545-12558. [PMID: 32690612 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.012792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bile acids (BAs) comprise heterogenous amphipathic cholesterol-derived molecules that carry out physicochemical and signaling functions. A major site of BA action is the terminal ileum, where enterocytes actively reuptake BAs and express high levels of BA-sensitive nuclear receptors. BA pool size and composition are affected by changes in metabolic health, and vice versa. One of several factors that differentiate BAs is the presence of a hydroxyl group on C12 of the steroid ring. 12α-Hydroxylated BAs (12HBAs) are altered in multiple disease settings, but the consequences of 12HBA abundance are incompletely understood. We employed mouse primary ileum organoids to investigate the transcriptional effects of varying 12HBA abundance in BA pools. We identified Slc30a10 as one of the top genes differentially induced by BA pools with varying 12HBA abundance. SLC30A10 is a manganese efflux transporter critical for whole-body manganese excretion. We found that BA pools, especially those low in 12HBAs, induce cellular manganese efflux and that Slc30a10 induction by BA pools is driven primarily by lithocholic acid signaling via the vitamin D receptor. Administration of lithocholic acid or a vitamin D receptor agonist resulted in increased Slc30a10 expression in mouse ileum epithelia. These data demonstrate a previously unknown role for BAs in intestinal control of manganese homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiara R Ahmad
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.,Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Sei Higuchi
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.,Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Enrico Bertaggia
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.,Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Allison Hung
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Niroshan Shanmugarajah
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.,Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Nicole C Guilz
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jennifer R Gamarra
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Rebecca A Haeusler
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA .,Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
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Villette R, Kc P, Beliard S, Salas Tapia MF, Rainteau D, Guerin M, Lesnik P. Unraveling Host-Gut Microbiota Dialogue and Its Impact on Cholesterol Levels. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:278. [PMID: 32308619 PMCID: PMC7145900 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Disruption in cholesterol metabolism, particularly hypercholesterolemia, is a significant cause of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Large interindividual variations in plasma cholesterol levels are traditionally related to genetic factors, and the remaining portion of their variance is accredited to environmental factors. In recent years, the essential role played by intestinal microbiota in human health and diseases has emerged. The gut microbiota is currently viewed as a fundamental regulator of host metabolism and of innate and adaptive immunity. Its bacterial composition but also the synthesis of multiple molecules resulting from bacterial metabolism vary according to diet, antibiotics, drugs used, and exposure to pollutants and infectious agents. Microbiota modifications induced by recent changes in the human environment thus seem to be a major factor in the current epidemic of metabolic/inflammatory diseases (diabetes mellitus, liver diseases, inflammatory bowel disease, obesity, and dyslipidemia). Epidemiological and preclinical studies report associations between bacterial communities and cholesterolemia. However, such an association remains poorly investigated and characterized. The objectives of this review are to present the current knowledge on and potential mechanisms underlying the host-microbiota dialogue for a better understanding of the contribution of microbial communities to the regulation of cholesterol homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remy Villette
- INSERM, UMRS U1166, "Integrative Biology of Atherosclerosis" and Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Pukar Kc
- INSERM, UMRS U1166, "Integrative Biology of Atherosclerosis" and Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Beliard
- Aix-Marseille Université, INSERM U1263, INRA, C2VN, Marseille, France.,APHM, La Conception Hospital, Marseille, France
| | | | - Dominique Rainteau
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint Antoine, Département de Métabolomique Clinique, Paris, France
| | - Maryse Guerin
- INSERM, UMRS U1166, "Integrative Biology of Atherosclerosis" and Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Lesnik
- INSERM, UMRS U1166, "Integrative Biology of Atherosclerosis" and Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
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Weaver MJ, McHenry SA, Sayuk GS, Gyawali CP, Davidson NO. Bile Acid Diarrhea and NAFLD: Shared Pathways for Distinct Phenotypes. Hepatol Commun 2020; 4:493-503. [PMID: 32258945 PMCID: PMC7109338 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.1485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D) and NAFLD are both common conditions that may be influenced by shared pathways of altered bile acid (BA) signaling and homeostatic regulation. Pathophysiological links between IBS-D and altered BA metabolism include altered signaling through the ileal enterokine and fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) as well as increased circulating levels of 7α-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one, a metabolic intermediate that denotes increased hepatic BA production from cholesterol. Defective production or release of FGF19 is associated with increased BA production and BA diarrhea in some IBS-D patients. FGF19 functions as a negative regulator of hepatic cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase; therefore, reduced serum FGF19 effectively de-represses hepatic BA production in a subset of IBS-D patients, causing BA diarrhea. In addition, FGF19 modulates hepatic metabolic homeostatic response signaling by means of the fibroblast growth factor receptor 4/klotho beta receptor to activate cascades involved in hepatic lipogenesis, fatty acid oxidation, and insulin sensitivity. Emerging evidence of low circulating FGF19 levels in subsets of patients with pediatric and adult NAFLD demonstrates altered enterohepatic BA homeostasis in NAFLD. Conclusion: Here we outline how understanding of shared pathways of aberrant BA homeostatic signaling may guide targeted therapies in some patients with IBS-D and subsets of patients with NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Weaver
- Division of GastroenterologyWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMO
| | - Scott A. McHenry
- Division of GastroenterologyWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMO
| | - Gregory S. Sayuk
- Division of GastroenterologyWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMO
- U.S. Department of Veterans AffairsVA St. Louis Health Care SystemJohn Cochran DivisionSt. LouisMO
| | - C. Prakash Gyawali
- Division of GastroenterologyWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMO
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Parabacteroides distasonis Alleviates Obesity and Metabolic Dysfunctions via Production of Succinate and Secondary Bile Acids. Cell Rep 2020; 26:222-235.e5. [PMID: 30605678 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 596] [Impact Index Per Article: 149.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We demonstrated the metabolic benefits of Parabacteroides distasonis (PD) on decreasing weight gain, hyperglycemia, and hepatic steatosis in ob/ob and high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. Treatment with live P. distasonis (LPD) dramatically altered the bile acid profile with elevated lithocholic acid (LCA) and ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) and increased the level of succinate in the gut. In vitro cultivation of PD demonstrated its capacity to transform bile acids and production of succinate. Succinate supplementation in the diet decreased hyperglycemia in ob/ob mice via the activation of intestinal gluconeogenesis (IGN). Gavage with a mixture of LCA and UDCA reduced hyperlipidemia by activating the FXR pathway and repairing gut barrier integrity. Co-treatment with succinate and LCA/UDCA mirrored the benefits of LPD. The binding target of succinate was identified as fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase, the rate-limiting enzyme in IGN. The succinate and secondary bile acids produced by P. distasonis played key roles in the modulation of host metabolism.
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Kuipers F, de Boer JF, Staels B. Microbiome Modulation of the Host Adaptive Immunity through Bile Acid Modification. Cell Metab 2020; 31:445-447. [PMID: 32130878 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2020.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The microbiome is well known to influence the immune response of the host. Song et al. now show that the microbiome modulates adaptive immunity in mice through formation of bile acid species acting on RORγ+ regulatory T cells via the Vitamin D Receptor, thereby lowering the vulnerability for chemically induced colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Folkert Kuipers
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Jan Freark de Boer
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Bart Staels
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011- EGID, 59000 Lille, France
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Serum Fibroblast Growth Factor 19 and Total Bile Acid Concentrations Are Potential Biomarkers of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:1751989. [PMID: 32104677 PMCID: PMC7036095 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1751989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) carries a high risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Both serum fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) and bile acid concentrations are associated with T2DM and HCC. We aimed at evaluating the relationships between FGF19 and bile acid concentrations and HCC in patients with T2DM. Methods Twenty-seven healthy volunteers (control group), 27 patients with T2DM (T2DM group), 16 patients with newly diagnosed HCC (HCC group), and 10 T2DM patients with newly diagnosed HCC (T2DM-HCC group) were studied at the Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University between June 2016 and June 2017. The serum concentrations of serum FGF19 and total bile acids (TBA) were measured in all the participants. Correlation analysis and multiple stepwise regression analysis of the FGF19 and TBA concentrations were performed in all the participants and in the four groups. Results The concentrations of FGF19 were 220.5 pg/ml, 185.1 pg/ml, 115.8 pg/ml, and 70.4 pg/ml in the HCC, T2DM-HCC, control, and T2DM groups, respectively (p < 0.001), and the TBA concentrations were 21.75 μmol/l, 14.25 μmol/l, 14.25 μmol/l, 14.25 μmol/l, 14.25 p < 0.001), and the TBA concentrations were 21.75 r = 0.777; p < 0.001), and the TBA concentrations were 21.75 r = 0.777; p < 0.001), and the TBA concentrations were 21.75 r = 0.777; p < 0.001), and the TBA concentrations were 21.75 r = 0.777; p < 0.001), and the TBA concentrations were 21.75 r = 0.777; p < 0.001), and the TBA concentrations were 21.75 Conclusions Simultaneous increase of serum FGF19 and TBA levels may be used as indicators of HCC screening at early stage in patients with T2DM.
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Lazarte J, Hegele RA. Dyslipidemia Management in Adults With Diabetes. Can J Diabetes 2020; 44:53-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjd.2019.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 07/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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de Boer JF, Verkade E, Mulder NL, de Vries HD, Huijkman N, Koehorst M, Boer T, Wolters JC, Bloks VW, van de Sluis B, Kuipers F. A human-like bile acid pool induced by deletion of hepatic Cyp2c70 modulates effects of FXR activation in mice. J Lipid Res 2019; 61:291-305. [PMID: 31506275 PMCID: PMC7053831 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.ra119000243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Bile acids (BAs) facilitate intestinal absorption of lipid-soluble nutrients and modulate various metabolic pathways through the farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and Takeda G-protein-coupled receptor 5. These receptors are targets for therapy in cholestatic and metabolic diseases. However, dissimilarities in BA metabolism between humans and mice complicate translation of preclinical data. Cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily c polypeptide 70 (CYP2C70) was recently proposed to catalyze the formation of rodent-specific muricholic acids (MCAs). With CRISPR/Cas9-mediated somatic genome editing, we generated an acute hepatic Cyp2c70 knockout mouse model (Cyp2c70ako) to clarify the role of CYP2C70 in BA metabolism in vivo and evaluate whether its activity modulates effects of pharmacologic FXR activation on cholesterol homeostasis. In Cyp2c70ako mice, chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) increased at the expense of βMCA, resulting in a more hydrophobic human-like BA pool. Tracer studies demonstrated that, in vivo, CYP2C70 catalyzes the formation of βMCA primarily by sequential 6β-hydroxylation and C7-epimerization of CDCA, generating αMCA as an intermediate metabolite. Physiologically, the humanized BA composition in Cyp2c70ako mice blunted the stimulation of fecal cholesterol disposal in response to FXR activation compared with WT mice, predominantly due to reduced stimulation of transintestinal cholesterol excretion. Thus, deletion of hepatic Cyp2c70 in adult mice translates into a human-like BA pool composition and impacts the response to pharmacologic FXR activation. This Cyp2c70ako mouse model may be a useful tool for future studies of BA signaling and metabolism that informs human disease development and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Freark de Boer
- Departments of Laboratory Medicine University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands .,Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Esther Verkade
- Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Niels L Mulder
- Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hilde D de Vries
- Departments of Laboratory Medicine University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,iPSC/CRISPR Center Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nicolette Huijkman
- Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,University of Groningen, Campus Fryslân, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn Koehorst
- Departments of Laboratory Medicine University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Theo Boer
- Departments of Laboratory Medicine University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Justina C Wolters
- Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent W Bloks
- Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Bart van de Sluis
- Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,University of Groningen, Campus Fryslân, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Folkert Kuipers
- Departments of Laboratory Medicine University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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47
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Mach S, Jegorov A, Šimek Z. Metabolism of obeticholic acid in brown bullhead (Ameiurus nebulosus). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:20316-20324. [PMID: 31093919 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05398-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Analysis of brown bullhead (Ameiurus nebulosus) bile by ultra performance liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC/HRMS) revealed a series of bile acids similar to those found in humans. Accordingly, we chose this fish as a model organism to examine the metabolism of obeticholic acid, a bile acid used to treat a number of human liver diseases and the one that has the potential to occur as an environmental contaminant. The taurine and glycine conjugates of obeticholic acid and keto-obeticholic acid were identified, as well as the D-cysteinolic acid conjugate of obeticholic acid, likely a metabolite specific to fish. In addition, metabolites of obeticholic acid (sulphate and glucuronide) and several hydroxy-obeticholic acid derivatives were found, representing typical pathways of primary and secondary steroid metabolism. Brown bullhead exposed to obeticholic acid at a dose of 100 mg/kg gave no overt signs of distress or toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Mach
- Teva Czech Industries s.r.o., Ostravská 29, 747 70, Opava, Czech Republic.
- RECETOX, Masaryk University Brno, Kamenice 126/3, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Alexandr Jegorov
- Teva Czech Industries s.r.o., Ostravská 29, 747 70, Opava, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Šimek
- RECETOX, Masaryk University Brno, Kamenice 126/3, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
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Zhang F, Yuan W, Wei Y, Zhang D, Duan Y, Li B, Wang X, Xi L, Zhou Y, Wu X. The alterations of bile acids in rats with high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes and their negative effects on glucose metabolism. Life Sci 2019; 229:80-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Zhao N, Yang S, Feng Y, Sun B, Zhao R. Enhanced hepatic cholesterol accumulation induced by maternal betaine exposure is associated with hypermethylation of CYP7A1 gene promoter. Endocrine 2019; 64:544-551. [PMID: 30924082 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-019-01906-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Betaine contains three methyl groups and plays a critical role in regulating glucose and lipid metabolism via epigenetic modifications. However, it is unclear whether prenatal betaine intake could affect cholesterol metabolism of progeny through DNA methylation. METHODS Hence, pregnant rats were randomly divided into control and betaine groups fed standard diet or 1% betaine supplementation diet, respectively, throughout gestation and lactation. RESULTS Maternal betaine exposure significantly (P < 0.05) increased serum and hepatic cholesterol contents but not triglyceride levels in offspring rats. Accordantly, maternal intake of betaine markedly downregulated (P < 0.05) hepatic cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) expression at both the mRNA and protein level, while the protein content of low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) was upregulated in the liver of betaine-exposed rats. In addition, prenatal betaine supplementation extremely increased (P < 0.05) hepatic betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase (BHMT) expression at the mRNA and protein level but not affected the expression of other key enzymes involved in methionine metabolism. Furthermore, hepatic hypermethylation of CYP7A1 gene promoter was observed in progeny rats derived from betaine-supplemented dams. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide evidence that maternal betaine supplementation significantly enhances hepatic cholesterol contents accompanied with alterations of cholesterol metabolic genes and hypermethylation in offspring rats at weaning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Zhao
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Shu Yang
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Yue Feng
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Bo Sun
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Ruqian Zhao
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, P. R. China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, P. R. China.
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Lee CK, Jeong SH, Jang C, Bae H, Kim YH, Park I, Kim SK, Koh GY. Tumor metastasis to lymph nodes requires YAP-dependent metabolic adaptation. Science 2019; 363:644-649. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aav0173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In cancer patients, metastasis of tumors to sentinel lymph nodes (LNs) predicts disease progression and often guides treatment decisions. The mechanisms underlying tumor LN metastasis are poorly understood. By using comparative transcriptomics and metabolomics analyses of primary and LN-metastatic tumors in mice, we found that LN metastasis requires that tumor cells undergo a metabolic shift toward fatty acid oxidation (FAO). Transcriptional coactivator yes-associated protein (YAP) is selectively activated in LN-metastatic tumors, leading to the up-regulation of genes in the FAO signaling pathway. Pharmacological inhibition of FAO or genetic ablation of YAP suppressed LN metastasis in mice. Several bioactive bile acids accumulated to high levels in the metastatic LNs, and these bile acids activated YAP in tumor cells, likely through the nuclear vitamin D receptor. Inhibition of FAO or YAP may merit exploration as a potential therapeutic strategy for mitigating tumor metastasis to LNs.
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