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Tręda C, Włodarczyk A, Rieske P. The hope, hype and obstacles surrounding cell therapy. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18359. [PMID: 38770886 PMCID: PMC11107145 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Cell therapy offers hope, but it also presents challenges, most particularly the limited ability of human organs and tissues to regenerate. Since many diseases are associated with irreversible pathophysiological or traumatic changes, stem cells and their derivatives are unable to secure healing. Although regenerative medicine offers chances for improvements in many diseases, such as type one diabetes and Parkinson's disease, it cannot eliminate the primary cause of many of them. While successes can be expected for diseases such as sickle cell disease, this is not the case for hereditary diseases with varied mutation types or for ciliopathies, which start in embryogenesis. In this complicated medical environment, synthetic biology offers some solutions, but their implementation will take many years. Still, positive examples such as CAR-T therapy offer hope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cezary Tręda
- Department of Tumor BiologyMedical University of LodzLodzPoland
| | | | - Piotr Rieske
- Department of Tumor BiologyMedical University of LodzLodzPoland
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2
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Wang Y, Alexander M, Scott T, Cox DCT, Wellington A, Chan MKS, Wong MBF, Adalsteinsson O, Lakey JRT. Stem Cell Therapy for Aging Related Diseases and Joint Diseases in Companion Animals. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2457. [PMID: 37570266 PMCID: PMC10417747 DOI: 10.3390/ani13152457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cell therapy is an attractive treatment for diseases in companion animals that cannot be treated by conventional veterinary medicine practices. The unique properties of stem cells, particularly the ability to differentiate into specific cell types, makes them a focal point in regenerative medicine treatments. Stem cell transplantation, especially using mesenchymal stem cells, has been proposed as a means to treat a wide range of injuries and ailments, resulting in tissue regeneration or repair. This review aims to summarize the veterinary use of stem cells for treating age-related and joint diseases, which are common conditions in pets. While additional research is necessary and certain limitations exist, the potential of stem cell therapy for companion animals is immense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanmin Wang
- California Medical Innovations Institute, 11107 Roselle Street, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Michael Alexander
- Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92868, USA
| | - Todd Scott
- Crestwood Veterinary Clinic, Edmonton, AB T5P 1J9, Canada
| | - Desiree C. T. Cox
- European Wellness Group, Klosterstrasse 205ID, 67480 Edenkoben, Germany
- Graduate Faculty, School of Graduate Studies, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 07013, USA
| | | | - Mike K. S. Chan
- European Wellness Group, Klosterstrasse 205ID, 67480 Edenkoben, Germany
| | | | - Orn Adalsteinsson
- European Wellness Group, Klosterstrasse 205ID, 67480 Edenkoben, Germany
| | - Jonathan R. T. Lakey
- California Medical Innovations Institute, 11107 Roselle Street, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92868, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
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3
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Slovinska L, Harvanova D. The Role of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Their Products in the Treatment of Injured Spinal Cords. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:5180-5197. [PMID: 37367078 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45060329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a destructive condition that results in lasting neurological damage resulting in disruption of the connection between the central nervous system and the rest of the body. Currently, there are several approaches in the treatment of a damaged spinal cord; however, none of the methods allow the patient to return to the original full-featured state of life before the injury. Cell transplantation therapies show great potential in the treatment of damaged spinal cords. The most examined type of cells used in SCI research are mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). These cells are at the center of interest of scientists because of their unique properties. MSCs regenerate the injured tissue in two ways: (i) they are able to differentiate into some types of cells and so can replace the cells of injured tissue and (ii) they regenerate tissue through their powerful known paracrine effect. This review presents information about SCI and the treatments usually used, aiming at cell therapy using MSCs and their products, among which active biomolecules and extracellular vesicles predominate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Slovinska
- Associated Tissue Bank, P.J. Šafárik University and L. Pasteur University Hospital, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy, Institute of Neurobiology Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Denisa Harvanova
- Associated Tissue Bank, P.J. Šafárik University and L. Pasteur University Hospital, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
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Pruller J, Pham TT, Blower JE, Charoenphun P, Volpe A, Sunassee K, Mullen GED, Blower PJ, Smith RAG, Ma MT. An indium-111-labelled membrane-targeted peptide for cell tracking with radionuclide imaging. RSC Chem Biol 2023; 4:65-73. [PMID: 36685254 PMCID: PMC9811519 DOI: 10.1039/d2cb00164k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell labelling agents that enable longitudinal in vivo tracking of administered cells will support the clinical development of cell-based therapies. Radionuclide imaging with gamma and positron-emitting radioisotopes can provide quantitative and longitudinal mapping of cells in vivo. To make this widely accessible and adaptable to a range of cell types, new, versatile and simple methods for directly radiolabelling cells are required. We have developed [111In]In-DTPA-CTP, the first example of a radiolabelled peptide that binds to the extracellular membrane of cells, for tracking cell distribution in vivo using Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT). [111In]In-DTPA-CTP consists of (i) myristoyl groups for insertion into the phospholipid bilayer, (ii) positively charged lysine residues for electrostatic association with negatively charged phospholipid groups at the cell surface and (iii) a diethylenetriamine pentaacetate derivative that coordinates the γ-emitting radiometal, [111In]In3+. [111In]In-DTPA-CTP binds to 5T33 murine myeloma cells, enabling qualitative SPECT tracking of myeloma cells' accumulation in lungs immediately after intravenous administration. This is the first report of a radiolabelled cell-membrane binding peptide for use in cell tracking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Pruller
- Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London UK
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital London UK
| | - Truc Thuy Pham
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital London UK
| | - Julia E Blower
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital London UK
| | - Putthiporn Charoenphun
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital London UK
- Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University Bangkok Thailand
| | - Alessia Volpe
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital London UK
| | - Kavitha Sunassee
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital London UK
| | - Gregory E D Mullen
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital London UK
| | - Philip J Blower
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital London UK
| | - Richard A G Smith
- MRC Centre for Transplantation, King's College London, Guy's Hospital London UK
| | - Michelle T Ma
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital London UK
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Haridhasapavalan KK, Borthakur A, Thummer RP. Direct Cardiac Reprogramming: Current Status and Future Prospects. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1436:1-18. [PMID: 36662416 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2022_760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Advances in cellular reprogramming articulated the path for direct cardiac lineage conversion, bypassing the pluripotent state. Direct cardiac reprogramming attracts major attention because of the low or nil regenerative ability of cardiomyocytes, resulting in permanent cell loss in various heart diseases. In the field of cardiology, balancing this loss of cardiomyocytes was highly challenging, even in the modern medical world. Soon after the discovery of cell reprogramming, direct cardiac reprogramming also became a promising alternative for heart regeneration. This review mainly focused on the various direct cardiac reprogramming approaches (integrative and non-integrative) for the derivation of induced autologous cardiomyocytes. It also explains the advancements in cardiac reprogramming over the decade with the pros and cons of each approach. Further, the review highlights the importance of clinically relevant (non-integrative) approaches and their challenges for the prospective applications for personalized medicine. Apart from direct cardiac reprogramming, it also discusses the other strategies for generating cardiomyocytes from different sources. The understanding of these strategies could pave the way for the efficient generation of integration-free functional autologous cardiomyocytes through direct cardiac reprogramming for various biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Kumar Haridhasapavalan
- Laboratory for Stem Cell Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Atreyee Borthakur
- Laboratory for Stem Cell Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Rajkumar P Thummer
- Laboratory for Stem Cell Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India.
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Kirkham AM, Bailey AJM, Monaghan M, Shorr R, Lalu MM, Fergusson DA, Allan DS. Updated Living Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Controlled Trials of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells to Treat COVID-19: A Framework for Accelerated Synthesis of Trial Evidence for Rapid Approval-FASTER Approval. Stem Cells Transl Med 2022; 11:675-687. [PMID: 35758400 PMCID: PMC9299509 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szac038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) may reduce mortality in patients with COVID-19; however, early evidence is based on few studies with marked interstudy heterogeneity. The second iteration of our living systematic review and meta-analysis evaluates a framework needed for synthesizing evidence from high-quality studies to accelerate consideration for approval. Methods A systematic search of the literature was conducted on November 15, 2021, to identify all English-language, full-text, and controlled clinical studies examining MSCs to treat COVID-19 (PROSPERO: CRD42021225431). Findings Eleven studies were identified (403 patients with severe and/or critical COVID-19, including 207 given MSCs and 196 controls). All 11 studies reported mortality and were pooled through random-effects meta-analysis. MSCs decreased relative risk of death at study endpoint (RR: 0.50 [95% CI, 0.34-0.75]) and RR of death at 28 days after treatment (0.19 [95% CI], 0.05-0.78) compared to controls. MSCs also decreased length of hospital stay (mean difference (MD: −3.97 days [95% CI, −6.09 to −1.85], n = 5 studies) and increased oxygenation levels at study endpoint compared to controls (MD: 105.62 mmHg O2 [95% CI, 73.9-137.3,], n = 3 studies). Only 2 of 11 studies reported on all International Society for Cellular Therapy (ISCT) criteria for MSC characterization. Included randomized controlled trials were found to have some concerns (n = 2) to low (n = 4) risk of bias (RoB), while all non-randomized studies were found to have moderate (n = 5) RoB. Interpretation Our updated living systematic review concludes that MSCs can likely reduce mortality in patients with severe or critical COVID-19. A master protocol based on our Faster Approval framework appears necessary to facilitate the more accelerated accumulation of high-quality evidence that would reduce RoB, improve consistency in product characterization, and standardize outcome reporting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aidan M Kirkham
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Clinical Epidemiology, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Adrian J M Bailey
- Clinical Epidemiology, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Madeline Monaghan
- Clinical Epidemiology, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Risa Shorr
- Medical Information and Learning Services, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Manoj M Lalu
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Regenerative Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Department of Anesthesia, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Dean A Fergusson
- Clinical Epidemiology, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - David S Allan
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Clinical Epidemiology, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Regenerative Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Vandermeulen M, Mohamed-Wais M, Erpicum P, Delbouille MH, Lechanteur C, Briquet A, Maggipinto G, Jouret F, Beguin Y, Detry O. Infusion of Allogeneic Mesenchymal Stromal Cells After Liver Transplantation: A 5-Year Follow-Up. Liver Transpl 2022; 28:636-646. [PMID: 34605167 DOI: 10.1002/lt.26323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Various properties of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) might be particularly of interest after liver transplantation (LT). In this article, we report the long-term results of a prospective, controlled, and first-in-human phase 1 study evaluating the safety of a single MSC infusion after LT. A total of 10 LT recipients treated with standard immunosuppression received 1.5 to 3 × 106 /kg third-party unrelated MSCs on postoperative day 3 and were prospectively compared with a control group of 10 LT recipients. Primary endpoints were set to prospectively detect potentially delayed adverse effects of MSC infusion, particularly the occurrence of infections and cancers. Secondary endpoints of liver graft and patient survival, graft rejection and function, occurrence of bile duct complications, and development of donor-specific anti-human leukocyte antigen (HLA) antibodies (DSA) against liver or MSC donors were studied. The median follow-up was 85 months. There was no difference in overall rates of infection or cancer at 5 years of follow-up between the 2 groups. There was also no difference in secondary endpoints. The prevalence of de novo liver DSAs related to HLA mismatches was twice as high in the MSC group compared with the control group. All of the de novo class II HLA antibodies against MSCs were linked to a shared HLA mismatch between the liver and MSCs. This study confirms the safety of a single MSC infusion after LT. The potential benefits of MSC injections in the context of organ transplantation have yet to be demonstrated by larger prospective studies. The development of anti-HLA antibodies against an MSC donor should be further evaluated, especially in cases of shared HLA mismatches between graft and MSC donors, despite the fact that no deleterious effect has been detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan Vandermeulen
- Department of Abdominal Surgery and Transplantation, University of Liege Hospital (CHU ULiege), University of Liege, Liege, Belgium.,Centre de Recherche et de Developpement du Departement de Chirurgie, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Applied Genoproteomics (GIGA) Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Maleyko Mohamed-Wais
- Centre de Recherche et de Developpement du Departement de Chirurgie, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Applied Genoproteomics (GIGA) Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Pauline Erpicum
- Centre de Recherche et de Developpement du Departement de Chirurgie, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Applied Genoproteomics (GIGA) Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium.,Department of Nephrology, CHU ULiege, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Marie-Hélène Delbouille
- Department of Abdominal Surgery and Transplantation, University of Liege Hospital (CHU ULiege), University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Chantal Lechanteur
- Laboratory of Cell and Gene Therapy, CHU ULiege, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Alexandra Briquet
- Laboratory of Cell and Gene Therapy, CHU ULiege, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Gianni Maggipinto
- Division of Immuno-Hematology, CHU ULiege, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - François Jouret
- Centre de Recherche et de Developpement du Departement de Chirurgie, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Applied Genoproteomics (GIGA) Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium.,Department of Nephrology, CHU ULiege, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Yves Beguin
- Laboratory of Cell and Gene Therapy, CHU ULiege, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium.,Interdisciplinary Cluster for Applied Genoproteomics (GIGA)-I3-Hematology, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium.,Department of Hematology, CHU ULiege, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Olivier Detry
- Department of Abdominal Surgery and Transplantation, University of Liege Hospital (CHU ULiege), University of Liege, Liege, Belgium.,Centre de Recherche et de Developpement du Departement de Chirurgie, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Applied Genoproteomics (GIGA) Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
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Li J, Peng Q, Yang R, Li K, Zhu P, Zhu Y, Zhou P, Szabó G, Zheng S. Application of Mesenchymal Stem Cells During Machine Perfusion: An Emerging Novel Strategy for Organ Preservation. Front Immunol 2022; 12:713920. [PMID: 35024039 PMCID: PMC8744145 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.713920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Although solid organ transplantation remains the definitive management for patients with end-stage organ failure, this ultimate treatment has been limited by the number of acceptable donor organs. Therefore, efforts have been made to expand the donor pool by utilizing marginal organs from donation after circulatory death or extended criteria donors. However, marginal organs are susceptible to ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) and entail higher requirements for organ preservation. Recently, machine perfusion has emerged as a novel preservation strategy for marginal grafts. This technique continually perfuses the organs to mimic the physiologic condition, allows the evaluation of pretransplant graft function, and more excitingly facilitates organ reconditioning during perfusion with pharmacological, gene, and stem cell therapy. As mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have anti-oxidative, immunomodulatory, and regenerative properties, mounting studies have demonstrated the therapeutic effects of MSCs on organ IRI and solid organ transplantation. Therefore, MSCs are promising candidates for organ reconditioning during machine perfusion. This review provides an overview of the application of MSCs combined with machine perfusion for lung, kidney, liver, and heart preservation and reconditioning. Promising preclinical results highlight the potential clinical translation of this innovative strategy to improve the quality of marginal grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiale Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qinbao Peng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ronghua Yang
- Department of Burn Surgery and Skin Regeneration, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Kunsheng Li
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Peng Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yufeng Zhu
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pengyu Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gábor Szabó
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Halle (Saale), Halle, Germany
| | - Shaoyi Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Rövekamp M, von Glinski A, Volkenstein S, Dazert S, Sengstock C, Schildhauer TA, Breisch M. Olfactory Stem Cells for the Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury - a new pathway to the cure? World Neurosurg 2022; 161:e408-e416. [PMID: 35149247 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2022.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Since full functional recovery after spinal cord injuries (SCI) remains a major challenge, stem cell therapies represent promising strategies to improve neurological functions after SCI. The olfactory mucosa (OM) displays an attractive source of multipotent cells for regenerative approaches and is easily accessible by biopsies due to its exposed location. The regenerative capacity of the resident olfactory stem cells (OSC) has been demonstrated in animal as well as clinical studies. This study aims to demonstrate the feasibility of isolation, purification and cultivation of OSC. METHODS OM specimens were taken dorso-posterior from nasal middle turbinate. OSC were isolated and purified using the neurosphere assay. Differentiation capacity of the OSC in neural lineage and their behavior in a plasma clot matrix were investigated. RESULTS Our study demonstrated that OSC differentiated into neural lineage and were positive for GFAP as well as β-III tubulin. Furthermore, OSC were viable and proliferated in a plasma clot matrix. CONCLUSION Since there are no standard methods for purification, characterization, and delivery of OSC to the injury site, which is a prerequisite for the clinical approval, this study focuses on the establishment of appropriate methods and underlies the high potential of the OM for autologous cell therapeutical approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Rövekamp
- Surgical Research, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, Bürkle-de-la-Camp Platz 1, 44789 Bochum, Germany.
| | - Alexander von Glinski
- Deparment of General and Trauma Surgery, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, Bürkle-de-la-Camp Platz 1, 44789 Bochum, Germany
| | - Stefan Volkenstein
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head- and Neck Surgery/ St. Elisabeth-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bleichstraße 15, 44787 Bochum, Germany
| | - Stefan Dazert
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head- and Neck Surgery/ St. Elisabeth-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bleichstraße 15, 44787 Bochum, Germany
| | - Christina Sengstock
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften -ISAS- e.V., Bunsen-Kirchhoff-Straße 11, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Thomas Armin Schildhauer
- Deparment of General and Trauma Surgery, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, Bürkle-de-la-Camp Platz 1, 44789 Bochum, Germany
| | - Marina Breisch
- Surgical Research, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, Bürkle-de-la-Camp Platz 1, 44789 Bochum, Germany
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10
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Wei Y, Chen X, Zhang H, Su Q, Peng Y, Fu Q, Li J, Gao Y, Li X, Yang S, Ye Q, Huang H, Deng R, Li G, Xu B, Wu C, Wang J, Zhang X, Su X, Liu L, Xiang AP, Wang C. Efficacy and Safety of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Chronic Antibody-Mediated Rejection After Kidney Transplantation- A Single-Arm, Two-Dosing-Regimen, Phase I/II Study. Front Immunol 2021; 12:662441. [PMID: 34248942 PMCID: PMC8267917 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.662441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) on chronic active antibody-mediated rejection (cABMR) in the kidney allograft. Methods Kidney recipients with biopsy-proven cABMR were treated with allogeneic third-party BM-MSCs in this open-label, single-arm, single-center, two-dosing-regimen phase I/II clinical trial. In Regimen 1 (n=8), BM-MSCs were administered intravenously at a dose of 1.0×106 cells/kg monthly for four consecutive months, while in Regimen 2 (n=15), the BM-MSCs dose was 1.0×106 cells/kg weekly during four consecutive weeks. The primary endpoints were the absolute change of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) from baseline (delta eGFR) and the incidence of adverse events associated with BM-MSCs administration 24 months after the treatment. Contemporaneous cABMR patients who did not receive BM-MSCs were retrospectively analyzed as the control group (n =30). Results Twenty-three recipients with cABMR received BM-MSCs. The median delta eGFR of the total BM-MSCs treated patients was -4.3 ml/min per 1.73m2 (interquartile range, IQR -11.2 to 1.2) 2 years after BM-MSCs treatment (P=0.0233). The median delta maximum donor-specific antibody (maxDSA) was -4310 (IQR -9187 to 1129) at 2 years (P=0.0040). The median delta eGFR of the control group was -12.7 ml/min per 1.73 m2 (IQR -22.2 to -3.5) 2 years after the diagnosis, which was greater than that of the BM-MSCs treated group (P=0.0342). The incidence of hepatic enzyme elevation, BK polyomaviruses (BKV) infection, cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection was 17.4%, 17.4%, 8.7%, respectively. There was no fever, anaphylaxis, phlebitis or venous thrombosis, cardiovascular complications, or malignancy after BM-MSCs administration. Flow cytometry analysis showed a significant decreasing trend of CD27-IgD- double negative B cells subsets and trend towards the increase of CD3+CD4+PD-1+/lymphocyte population after MSCs therapy. Multiplex analysis found TNF-α, CXCL10, CCL4, CCL11 and RANTES decreased after MSCs treatment. Conclusion Kidney allograft recipients with cABMR are tolerable to BM-MSCs. Immunosuppressive drugs combined with intravenous BM-MSCs can delay the deterioration of allograft function, probably by decreasing DSA level and reducing DSA-induced injury. The underlying mechanism may involve immunomodulatory effect of MSCs on peripheral B and T cells subsets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongcheng Wei
- Organ Transplant Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyong Chen
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huanxi Zhang
- Organ Transplant Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qun Su
- Organ Transplant Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanwen Peng
- The Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Fu
- Organ Transplant Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Li
- Organ Transplant Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yifang Gao
- Organ Transplant Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xirui Li
- Organ Transplant Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shicong Yang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianyu Ye
- Organ Transplant Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huiting Huang
- Organ Transplant Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ronghai Deng
- Organ Transplant Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gang Li
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bowen Xu
- Organ Transplant Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chenglin Wu
- Organ Transplant Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiali Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoran Zhang
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojun Su
- Organ Transplant Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Longshan Liu
- Organ Transplant Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Andy Peng Xiang
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Changxi Wang
- Organ Transplant Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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11
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Mankuzhy PD, Ramesh ST, Thirupathi Y, Mohandas PS, Chandra V, Sharma TG. The preclinical and clinical implications of fetal adnexa derived mesenchymal stromal cells in wound healing therapy. Wound Repair Regen 2021; 29:347-369. [PMID: 33721373 DOI: 10.1111/wrr.12911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) isolated from fetal adnexa namely amniotic membrane/epithelium, amniotic fluid and umbilical cord have hogged the limelight in recent times, as a proposed alternative to MSCs from conventional sources. These cells which are identified as being in a developmentally primitive state have many advantages, the most important being the non-invasive nature of their isolation procedures, absence of ethical concerns, proliferation potential, differentiation abilities and low immunogenicity. In the present review, we are focusing on the potential preclinical and clinical applications of different cell types of fetal adnexa, in wound healing therapy. We also discuss the isolation-culture methods, cell surface marker expression, multi-lineage differentiation abilities, immune-modulatory capabilities and their homing property. Different mechanisms involved in the wound healing process and the role of stromal cells in therapeutic wound healing are highlighted. Further, we summarize the findings of the cell delivery systems in skin lesion models and paracrine functions of their secretome in the wound healing process. Overall, this holistic review outlines the research findings of fetal adnexa derived MSCs, their usefulness in wound healing therapy in human as well as in veterinary medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratheesh D Mankuzhy
- Department of Physiology, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Pookode, Wayanad, Kerala, India
| | - Sreekumar T Ramesh
- Department of Physiology, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Pookode, Wayanad, Kerala, India
| | - Yasotha Thirupathi
- Physiology & Climatology Division, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (Deemed University), Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ponny S Mohandas
- Consultant Gynecologist, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Meditrina Hospital, Ayathil, Kollam, Kerala, India
| | - Vikash Chandra
- Physiology & Climatology Division, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (Deemed University), Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Taru Guttula Sharma
- Physiology & Climatology Division, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (Deemed University), Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
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12
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Lohmann S, Eijken M, Møldrup U, Møller BK, Hunter J, Moers C, Leuvenink H, Ploeg RJ, Clahsen-van Groningen MC, Hoogduijn M, Baan CC, Keller AK, Jespersen B. Ex Vivo Administration of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Kidney Grafts Against Ischemia-reperfusion Injury-Effective Delivery Without Kidney Function Improvement Posttransplant. Transplantation 2021; 105:517-528. [PMID: 32956281 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000003429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) therapy may improve renal function after ischemia-reperfusion injury in transplantation. Ex vivo renal intraarterial administration is a targeted delivery method, avoiding the lung vasculature, a known barrier for cellular therapies. In a randomized and blinded study, we tested the feasibility and effectiveness of MSC therapy in a donation after circulatory death autotransplantation model to improve posttransplant kidney function, using an ex vivo MSC delivery method similar to the clinical standard procedure of pretransplant cold graft flush. METHODS Kidneys exposed to 75 minutes of warm ischemia and 16 hours of static cold storage were intraarterially infused ex vivo with 10 million male porcine MSCs (Tx-MSC, n = 8) or vehicle (Tx-control, n = 8). Afterwards, the kidneys were autotransplanted after contralateral nephrectomy. Biopsies an hour after reperfusion confirmed the presence of MSCs in the renal cortex. Animals were observed for 14 days. RESULTS Postoperatively, peak plasma creatinine was 1230 and 1274 µmol/L (Tx-controls versus Tx-MSC, P = 0.69). During follow-up, no significant differences over time were detected between groups regarding plasma creatinine, plasma neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, or urine neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin/creatinine ratio. At day 14, measured glomerular filtration rates were 40 and 44 mL/min, P = 0.66. Renal collagen content and fibrosis-related mRNA expression were increased in both groups but without significant differences between the groups. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated intraarterial MSC infusion to transplant kidneys as a safe and effective method to deliver MSCs to the graft. However, we could not detect any positive effects of this cell treatment within 14 days of observation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stine Lohmann
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Renal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Marco Eijken
- Department of Renal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ulla Møldrup
- Department of Urology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Bjarne K Møller
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - James Hunter
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Cyril Moers
- Department of Surgery-Organ Donation and Transplantation, University of Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Henri Leuvenink
- Department of Surgery-Organ Donation and Transplantation, University of Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Rutger J Ploeg
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Martin Hoogduijn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Carla C Baan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anna Krarup Keller
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Renal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Urology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Bente Jespersen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Renal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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13
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Abstract
Over the past decade, the clinical application of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) has generated growing enthusiasm as an innovative cell-based approach in solid organ transplantation (SOT). These expectations arise from a significant number of both transplant- and non-transplant-related experimental studies investigating the complex anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and tissue-repair properties of MSCs. Promising preclinical results have prompted clinical trials using MSC-based therapy in SOT. In the present review, the general properties of MSCs are summarized, with a particular emphasis on MSC-mediated impact on the immune system and in the ischemic conditioning strategy. Next, we chronologically detail all clinical trials using MSCs in the field of SOT. Finally, we envision the challenges and perspectives of MSC-based cell therapy in SOT.
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14
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Dreyer GJ, Groeneweg KE, Heidt S, Roelen DL, van Pel M, Roelofs H, Huurman VAL, Bajema IM, Moes DJAR, Fibbe WE, Claas FHJ, van Kooten C, Rabelink RJ, de Fijter JW, Reinders MEJ. Human leukocyte antigen selected allogeneic mesenchymal stromal cell therapy in renal transplantation: The Neptune study, a phase I single-center study. Am J Transplant 2020; 20:2905-2915. [PMID: 32277568 PMCID: PMC7586810 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.15910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) hold promise as a novel immune-modulatory therapy in organ transplantation. First clinical studies have used autologous MSCs; however, the use of allogeneic "off-the-shelf" MSCs is more sustainable for broad clinical implementation, although with the risk of causing sensitization. We investigated safety and feasibility of allogeneic MSCs in renal transplantation, using a matching strategy that prevented repeated mismatches. Ten patients received two doses of 1.5 × 106 /kg allogeneic MSCs 6 months after transplantation in a single-center nonrandomized phase Ib trial, followed by lowering of tacrolimus (trough level 3 ng/mL) in combination with everolimus and prednisone. Primary end point was safety, measured by biopsy proven acute rejection (BPAR) and graft loss 12 months after transplantation. Immune monitoring was performed before and after infusion. No BPAR or graft loss occurred and renal function remained stable. One patient retrospectively had DSAs against MSCs, formed before infusion. No major alterations in T and B cell populations or plasma cytokines were observed upon MSC infusion. Administration of HLA selected allogeneic MSCs combined with low-dose tacrolimus 6 months after transplantation is safe at least in the first year after renal transplantation. This sets the stage to further explore the efficacy of third-party MSCs in renal transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geertje J. Dreyer
- Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology) and Transplant CenterLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Koen E. Groeneweg
- Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology) and Transplant CenterLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Sebastiaan Heidt
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood TransfusionLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Dave L. Roelen
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood TransfusionLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Melissa van Pel
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood TransfusionLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Helene Roelofs
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood TransfusionLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Volkert A. L. Huurman
- Department of Transplant Surgery and Transplant CenterLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Ingeborg M. Bajema
- Department of PathologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Dirk Jan A. R. Moes
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and ToxicologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Willem E. Fibbe
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood TransfusionLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Frans H. J. Claas
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood TransfusionLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Cees van Kooten
- Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology) and Transplant CenterLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Rabelink J. Rabelink
- Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology) and Transplant CenterLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Johan W. de Fijter
- Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology) and Transplant CenterLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Marlies E. J. Reinders
- Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology) and Transplant CenterLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
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15
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Mesenchymal Stem/Progenitor Cells: The Prospect of Human Clinical Translation. Stem Cells Int 2020; 2020:8837654. [PMID: 33953753 PMCID: PMC8063852 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8837654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells (MSCs) are key players in regenerative medicine, relying principally on their differentiation/regeneration potential, immunomodulatory properties, paracrine effects, and potent homing ability with minimal if any ethical concerns. Even though multiple preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated remarkable properties for MSCs, the clinical applicability of MSC-based therapies is still questionable. Several challenges exist that critically hinder a successful clinical translation of MSC-based therapies, including but not limited to heterogeneity of their populations, variability in their quality and quantity, donor-related factors, discrepancies in protocols for isolation, in vitro expansion and premodification, and variability in methods of cell delivery, dosing, and cell homing. Alterations of MSC viability, proliferation, properties, and/or function are also affected by various drugs and chemicals. Moreover, significant safety concerns exist due to possible teratogenic/neoplastic potential and transmission of infectious diseases. Through the current review, we aim to highlight the major challenges facing MSCs' human clinical translation and shed light on the undergoing strategies to overcome them.
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16
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Bartlett RD, Burley S, Ip M, Phillips JB, Choi D. Cell Therapies for Spinal Cord Injury: Trends and Challenges of Current Clinical Trials. Neurosurgery 2020; 87:E456-E472. [DOI: 10.1093/neuros/nyaa149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Cell therapies have the potential to revolutionize the treatment of spinal cord injury. Basic research has progressed significantly in recent years, with a plethora of cell types now reaching early-phase human clinical trials, offering new strategies to repair the spinal cord. However, despite initial enthusiasm for preclinical and early-phase clinical trials, there has been a notable hiatus in the translation of cell therapies to routine clinical practice. Here, we review cell therapies that have reached clinical trials for spinal cord injury, providing a snapshot of all registered human trials and a summary of all published studies. Of registered trials, the majority have used autologous cells and approximately a third have been government funded, a third industry sponsored, and a third funded by university or healthcare systems. A total of 37 cell therapy trials have been published, primarily using stem cells, although a smaller number have used Schwann cells or olfactory ensheathing cells. Significant challenges remain for cell therapy trials in this area, including achieving stringent regulatory standards, ensuring appropriately powered efficacy trials, and establishing sustainable long-term funding. However, cell therapies hold great promise for human spinal cord repair and future trials must continue to capitalize on the exciting developments emerging from preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard D Bartlett
- Centre for Nerve Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Pharmacology, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Burley
- Centre for Nerve Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mina Ip
- Centre for Nerve Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - James B Phillips
- Centre for Nerve Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Pharmacology, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - David Choi
- Centre for Nerve Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Victor Horsley Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom
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17
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Chang SH, Kim HJ, Park CG. Allogeneic ADSCs Induce the Production of Alloreactive Memory-CD8 T Cells through HLA-ABC Antigens. Cells 2020; 9:cells9051246. [PMID: 32443511 PMCID: PMC7290988 DOI: 10.3390/cells9051246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the immunogenicity of allogeneic human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) through the production of alloreactive-CD8 T and -memory CD8 T cells, based on their human leukocyte antigen (HLA) expression. In surface antigen analysis, ADSCs do not express co-stimulatory molecules, but expresses HLA-ABC, which is further increased by exposure to the pro-inflammatory cytokines as well as IFN-γ alone. For immunogenicity analysis, allogeneic ADSCs cultured in xenofree medium (XF-ADSCs) were incubated with the recipient immune cells for allogeneic-antigen stimulation. As a result, XF-ADSCs induced IFN-γ and IL-17A release by alloreactive-CD8 T cells and the production of alloreactive-CD8 T cell through a direct pathway, although they have immunomodulatory activity. In the analysis of alloreactive memory CD8 T cells, XF-ADSCs also significantly induced the production of CFSE-low-CD8 TEM and -CD8 TCM cells. However, HLA-blocking antibodies significantly inhibited the production of CFSE-low memory-CD8 T cells, indicating that HLAs are the main antigens responsible for the development of allogeneic ADSCs' immunogenicity. These results suggested that HLA surface antigens expressed in allogeneic MSCs should be solved in order to address concerns related to the immunogenicity problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Ho Chang
- Departments of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea;
| | - Hyun Je Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea;
- Department of Dermatology, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, Korea
| | - Chung-Gyu Park
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea;
- Institute of Endemic Diseases, Medical Research center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-740-8308
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18
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Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: A Novel Target to Optimize Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Protocols in Hematological Malignancies and Rare Genetic Disorders. J Clin Med 2019; 9:jcm9010002. [PMID: 31861268 PMCID: PMC7019991 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
: Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are crucial elements in the bone marrow (BM) niche where they provide physical support and secrete soluble factors to control and maintain hematopoietic stem progenitor cells (HSPCs). Given their role in the BM niche and HSPC support, MSCs have been employed in the clinical setting to expand ex-vivo HSPCs, as well as to facilitate HSPC engraftment in vivo. Specific alterations in the mesenchymal compartment have been described in hematological malignancies, as well as in rare genetic disorders, diseases that are amenable to allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), and ex-vivo HSPC-gene therapy (HSC-GT). Dissecting the in vivo function of human MSCs and studying their biological and functional properties in these diseases is a critical requirement to optimize transplantation outcomes. In this review, the role of MSCs in the orchestration of the BM niche will be revised, and alterations in the mesenchymal compartment in specific disorders will be discussed, focusing on the need to correct and restore a proper microenvironment to ameliorate transplantation procedures, and more in general disease outcomes.
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19
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Corliss BA, Ray HC, Mathews C, Fitzgerald K, Doty RW, Smolko CM, Shariff H, Peirce SM, Yates PA. Myh11 Lineage Corneal Endothelial Cells and ASCs Populate Corneal Endothelium. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2019; 60:5095-5103. [PMID: 31826231 PMCID: PMC6905658 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.19-27276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To establish Myh11 as a marker of a subset of corneal endothelial cells (CECs), and to demonstrate the feasibility of restoring the corneal endothelium with Myh11-lineage (Myh11-Lin[+]) adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs). Methods Intraperitoneal administration of tamoxifen and (Z)-4-hydroxytamoxifen eyedrops were used to trace the lineage of Myh11-expressing cells with the Myh11-Cre-ERT2-flox-tdTomato mouse model. Immunostaining and Western blot characterized marker expression and spatial distribution of Myh11-Lin(+) cells in the cornea, and administration of 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine labeled proliferating cells. ASCs were isolated from epididymal adipose Myh11+ mural cells and treated with cornea differentiation media to evaluate corneal endothelial differentiation potential. Differentiated ASCs were injected into the anterior chamber to test for incorporation into corneal endothelium following scratch injury. Results A subset of CECs express Myh11, a marker previously thought restricted to only mural cells. Myh11-Lin(+) CECs marked a stable subpopulation of cells in the cornea endothelium. Myh11-Lin(+) ASCs undergo CEC differentiation in vitro and incorporate into injured corneal endothelium. Conclusions Dystrophy and dysfunction of the corneal endothelium accounts for almost half of all corneal transplants, the maintenance of the cornea endothelium is poorly understood, and there are a lack of mouse models to study specific CEC populations. We establish a mouse model that can trace the cell fate of a subpopulation of CECs based on Myh11 expression. A subset of ASCs that share this Myh11 transcriptional lineage are capable of differentiating into CECs that can incorporate into injured corneal endothelium, revealing a potential cell source for creating engineered transplant material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce A. Corliss
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States
| | - H. Clifton Ray
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States
| | - Corbin Mathews
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States
| | - Kathleen Fitzgerald
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States
| | - Richard W. Doty
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States
| | - Chris M. Smolko
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States
| | - Hamzah Shariff
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States
| | - Shayn M. Peirce
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States
| | - Paul A. Yates
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States
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20
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Zhang Y, Yang J, Zhuan L, Zang G, Wang T, Liu J. Transplantation of adipose-derived stem cells overexpressing inducible nitric oxide synthase ameliorates diabetes mellitus-induced erectile dysfunction in rats. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7507. [PMID: 31423366 PMCID: PMC6694783 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Erectile dysfunction is a major complication of diabetes mellitus. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) have attracted much attention as a promising tool for the treatment of diabetes mellitus-induced erectile dysfunction (DMED). Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) plays an important role in protecting penile tissues from fibrosis. The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of ADSCs overexpressing iNOS on DMED in rats. Methods ADSCs were isolated and infected with adenovirus overexpressing iNOS (named as ADSCs-iNOS). The expression of iNOS was detected using western blot analysis and real-time PCR. Rats were randomly assigned into five groups: control group, DMED group, ADSCs group, ADSCs-EGFP group and ADSCs-iNOS group. 5 × 105 cells were given once via the intracorporal route. Two weeks after treatment, erectile function was assessed by electrical stimulation of the cavernous nerve. Penile tissues were obtained and evaluated at histology level. Results We found that ADSCs-iNOS had significantly higher expression of iNOS at mRNA and protein levels and generated more nitric oxide (NO). ADSCs-iNOS reduced collagen I and collagen IV expression of corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cells (CCSMCs) in cell co-culture model. Transforming growth factor-β1 expression in CCSMCs reduced following co-culture with ADSCs-iNOS. Injection of ADSCs-iNOS significantly ameliorated DMED in rats and decreased collagen/smooth muscle cell ratio of penile tissues. Moreover, elevated NO and cyclic guanosine monophosphate concentrations were detected in penile tissues of ADSCs-iNOS group. Conclusion Taken together, ADSCs-iNOS significantly improved erectile function of DMED rats. The therapeutic effect may be achieved by increased NO generation and the suppression of collagen I and collagen IV expression in the CCSMCs to decrease penile fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Li Zhuan
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Guanghui Zang
- Department of Urology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jihong Liu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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21
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Kaizawa Y, Franklin A, Leyden J, Behn AW, Tulu US, Sotelo Leon D, Wang Z, Abrams GD, Chang J, Fox PM. Augmentation of chronic rotator cuff healing using adipose-derived stem cell-seeded human tendon-derived hydrogel. J Orthop Res 2019; 37:877-886. [PMID: 30747435 DOI: 10.1002/jor.24250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Rotator cuff (RTC) repair outcomes are unsatisfactory due to the poor healing capacity of the tendon bone interface (TBI). In our preceding study, tendon hydrogel (tHG), which is a type I collagen rich gel derived from human tendons, improved biomechanical properties of the TBI in a rat chronic RTC injury model. Here we investigated whether adipose-derived stem cell (ASC)-seeded tHG injection at the repair site would further improve RTC healing. Rats underwent bilateral supraspinatus tendon detachment. Eight weeks later injured supraspinatus tendons were repaired with one of four treatments. In the control group, standard transosseous suture repair was performed. In the ASC, tHG, tHGASC groups, ASC in media, tHG, and ASC-seeded tHG were injected at repair site after transosseous suture repair, respectively. Eight weeks after repair, the TBI was evaluated biomechanically, histologically, and via micro CT. Implanted ASCs were detected in ASC and tHGASC groups 7 weeks after implantation. ACS implantation improved bone morphometry at the supraspinatus insertion on the humerus. Injection of tHG improved biomechanical properties of the repaired TBI. RTC healing in tHGASC group was significantly better than control but statistically equivalent to the tHG group based on biomechanical properties, fibrocartilage area at the TBI, and bone morphometry at the supraspinatus insertion. In a rat RTC chronic injury model, no biomechanical advantage was gained with ASC augmentation of tHG. Clinical Significance: Tendon hydrogel augmentation with adipose derived stem cells does not significantly improve TBI healing over tHG alone in a chronic rotator cuff injury model. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. This article has been contributed to by US Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukitoshi Kaizawa
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University Medical Center, 770 Welch Rd., Suite 400, Palo Alto, California, 94304.,Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, 3801 Miranda Ave., Palo Alto, California, 94304
| | - Austin Franklin
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University Medical Center, 770 Welch Rd., Suite 400, Palo Alto, California, 94304.,Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, 3801 Miranda Ave., Palo Alto, California, 94304
| | - Jacinta Leyden
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University Medical Center, 770 Welch Rd., Suite 400, Palo Alto, California, 94304.,Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, 3801 Miranda Ave., Palo Alto, California, 94304
| | - Anthony W Behn
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Palo Alto, California, 94305
| | - Ustun S Tulu
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University Medical Center, 770 Welch Rd., Suite 400, Palo Alto, California, 94304
| | - Daniel Sotelo Leon
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University Medical Center, 770 Welch Rd., Suite 400, Palo Alto, California, 94304.,Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, 3801 Miranda Ave., Palo Alto, California, 94304
| | - Zhen Wang
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University Medical Center, 770 Welch Rd., Suite 400, Palo Alto, California, 94304.,Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, 3801 Miranda Ave., Palo Alto, California, 94304
| | - Geoffrey D Abrams
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Palo Alto, California, 94305
| | - James Chang
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University Medical Center, 770 Welch Rd., Suite 400, Palo Alto, California, 94304.,Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, 3801 Miranda Ave., Palo Alto, California, 94304
| | - Paige M Fox
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University Medical Center, 770 Welch Rd., Suite 400, Palo Alto, California, 94304.,Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, 3801 Miranda Ave., Palo Alto, California, 94304
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22
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Allogeneic ADSCs induce CD8 T cell-mediated cytotoxicity and faster cell death after exposure to xenogeneic serum or proinflammatory cytokines. Exp Mol Med 2019; 51:1-10. [PMID: 30858365 PMCID: PMC6412000 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-019-0231-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined the induction of recipient T-cell cytotoxicity after exposure to allogeneic adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs). ADSCs pre-exposed to xenogeneic serum significantly induced cytotoxicity through CD8 T-cell granzyme B secretion after allogeneic antigen stimulation, and this effect was increased with prolonged reaction time. ADSCs pretreated with proinflammatory cytokines also induced cytotoxicity through granzyme B secretion and significantly increased human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-ABC expression. T-cell cytotoxicity towards ADSCs grown in xeno-free medium (XF-ADSCs) was lower than that towards ADSCs exposed to xenogeneic serum or proinflammatory cytokines, but XF-ADSCs still induced cytotoxicity. We further investigated the causes of T-cell cytotoxicity towards XF-ADSCs. XF-ADSC death was effectively inhibited by HLA-blocking antibodies, suggesting that ADSC HLAs are a major cause of alloreactive T-cell generation. These results indicated that culturing of allogeneic ADSCs with recipient serum may alleviate alloreactive CD8 T-cell cytotoxicity. Ultimately, development of therapeutic agents using autologous ADSCs would be a suitable way to avoid immunogenicity and CD8 T cell-mediated cytotoxicity, but more attention should be paid to the potential immunogenicity of allogeneic ADSCs, which could perhaps be mitigated through the use of immunosuppressants. The conditions under which donor stem cells are cultured can limit attack by the recipient’s immune system after transplantation. Adult stem cells taken from donors who are genetically similar to recipients show promise as therapeutic agents for various conditions, from cardiac to immunity-related diseases. However, patients’ immune systems will often attack and destroy the transplanted cells. Chung-Gyu Park and Sung-Ho Chang at Seoul National University, South Korea, explored methods of growing stem cells so that they are less likely to be destroyed by the patient’s T-cells. The team found that human T-cells will attack stem cells grown in media containing bovine serum or those pre-treated with pro-inflammatory proteins. T-cell activity was weaker against stem cells grown in media with autologous serum.
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23
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Erpicum P, Weekers L, Detry O, Bonvoisin C, Delbouille MH, Grégoire C, Baudoux E, Briquet A, Lechanteur C, Maggipinto G, Somja J, Pottel H, Baron F, Jouret F, Beguin Y. Infusion of third-party mesenchymal stromal cells after kidney transplantation: a phase I-II, open-label, clinical study. Kidney Int 2019; 95:693-707. [DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2018.08.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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24
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Wang B, Guo Y, Chen X, Zeng C, Hu Q, Yin W, Li W, Xie H, Zhang B, Huang X, Yu F. Nanoparticle-modified chitosan-agarose-gelatin scaffold for sustained release of SDF-1 and BMP-2. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:7395-7408. [PMID: 30519022 PMCID: PMC6237249 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s180859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) is an important chemokine for stem cell mobilization, and plays a critical role in mobilization of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) plays a critical role in osteogenesis of MSCs. However, the use of SDF-1 and BMP-2 in bone tissue engineering is limited by their short half-lives and rapid degradation in vitro and in vivo. Methods The chitosan oligosaccharide/heparin nanoparticles (CSO/H NPs) were first prepared via self-assembly. Chitosan-agarose-gelatin (CAG) Scaffolds were then synthesized via gelation technology using cross-linked chitosan, agarose, and gelatin, and were modified by CSO/H NPs. The encapsulation efficiency and release kinetics of SDF-1 and BMP-2 were quantified using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. A CCK-8 assays were used to evaluate biocompatibility of NP-modified scaffolds. The biological activity of the loaded SDF-1 and BMP-2 was evaluated using the transwell migration assay and osteogenic induction assay. An animal MSC recruitment model was used to study the ability of SDF-1 released from NP-modified scaffolds to induce migration of MSCs. Results In this study, we developed a novel nanoparticle-modified CAG scaffold for the delivery of SDF-1 and BMP-2. CCK-8 assays demonstrated excellent biocompatibility of NP-modified scaffolds. In addition, we investigated the release of SDF-1 and BMP-2 from NP-modified scaffolds, and evaluated the effect of released SDF-1 on MSC migration. The effect of released BMP-2 on MSC osteogenesis was also examined. In vitro cell migration assays showed that SDF-1 released from NP-modified scaffolds retained its migration activity; osteogenesis studies demonstrated that released BMP-2 exhibited a strong ability to induce differentiation towards osteoblasts. Our in vivo recruitment assays showed continuous chemotactic response of MSCs to SDF-1 released from the NP-modified scaffold. Conclusion The simplicity of synthesizing CSO/H NP-modified CAG scaffolds, combined with its high cytokine loading capacity and sustained release effect, renders NP-modified CAG scaffold an attractive candidate for sustained release of SDF-1 and BMP-2 to promote bone repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, People's Republic of China,
| | - Yuanwei Guo
- Center for Clinical Pathology, Affiliated to The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, University of South China, Chenzhou 432000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofeng Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Zeng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, People's Republic of China,
| | - Qikang Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, People's Republic of China,
| | - Wei Yin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, People's Republic of China,
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, People's Republic of China,
| | - Hui Xie
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, People's Republic of China,
| | - Bingyu Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, People's Republic of China,
| | - Xingchun Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, People's Republic of China,
| | - Fenglei Yu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, People's Republic of China,
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25
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Meng Y, Eirin A, Zhu XY, O’Brien DR, Lerman A, van Wijnen AJ, Lerman LO. The metabolic syndrome modifies the mRNA expression profile of extracellular vesicles derived from porcine mesenchymal stem cells. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2018; 10:58. [PMID: 30038668 PMCID: PMC6054724 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-018-0359-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) perform paracrine functions by releasing extracellular vesicles (EVs) containing microRNA, mRNA, and proteins. We investigated the mRNA content of EVs in metabolic syndrome (MetS) and tested hypothesis that comorbidities interfere with the paracrine functionality of MSCs. METHODS Mesenchymal stem cells were collected from swine abdominal adipose tissue after 16 weeks of a low- (Lean) or high-calorie (MetS) diet (n = 5 each). We used next-generation mRNAs sequencing to identify mRNAs enriched and depleted in Lean- or MetS-EVs compared to the parent MSCs. RESULTS We found 88 and 130 mRNAs enriched in Lean-EVs and MetS-EVs, respectively, of which only eight were common genes encoding proteins related to the nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, and membrane fraction. Lean-EVs were enriched with mRNAs primarily involved in transcription regulation and the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β signaling pathway, but devoid of genes related to regulation of inflammation. In contrast, MetS-EVs contained mRNAs involved in translational regulation and modulation of inflammation mediated by chemokines and cytokines, but lacked mRNAs related to TGF-β signaling. mRNAs enriched in EVs have the potential to target a significant proportion of genes enriched in EVs, but only 4% microRNA target genes overlap between Lean- and MetS-EVs. Co-culture with MetS-EVs also increased renal tubular cell inflammation in-vitro. CONCLUSIONS Metabolic syndrome may affect immunomodulatory function of porcine MSCs by modifying mRNA profiles of the EVs that they produce and post-transcriptional regulation. These observations may have important implications for cell-based therapy, and support development of strategies to improve the efficacy of MSCs and their EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Meng
- Divisions of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital Affiliated to Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630 China
| | - Alfonso Eirin
- Divisions of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
| | - Xiang-Yang Zhu
- Divisions of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
| | - Daniel R. O’Brien
- Health Sciences Research & Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA
| | - Amir Lerman
- Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA
| | | | - Lilach O. Lerman
- Divisions of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
- Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA
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26
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Liew A, Baustian C, Thomas D, Vaughan E, Sanz-Nogués C, Creane M, Chen X, Alagesan S, Owens P, Horan J, Dockery P, Griffin MD, Duffy A, O'Brien T. Allogeneic Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (MSCs) are of Comparable Efficacy to Syngeneic MSCs for Therapeutic Revascularization in C57BKSdb/db Mice Despite the Induction of Alloantibody. Cell Transplant 2018; 27:1210-1221. [PMID: 30016879 PMCID: PMC6434464 DOI: 10.1177/0963689718784862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Intramuscular administration of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) represents a therapeutic option for diabetic critical limb ischemia. Autologous or allogeneic approaches may be used but disease-induced cell dysfunction may limit therapeutic efficacy in the former. Our aim was to compare the efficacy of allogeneic and autologous MSC transplantation in a model of hindlimb ischemia in diabetes mellitus and to determine whether allogeneic transplantation would result in the activation of an immune response. MSCs were isolated from C57BL/6 (B6) and diabetic obese C57BKSdb/db mice. Phosphate-buffered saline (control group), and MSCs (1 × 106) from B6 (allogeneic group) or C57BKSdb/db (syngeneic group) were administered intramuscularly into the ischemic thigh of C57BKSdb/db mice following the induction of hindlimb ischemia. MSCs derived from both mouse strains secrete several angiogenic factors, suggesting that the potential therapeutic effect is due to paracrine signaling. Administration of allogeneic MSCs significantly improved blood perfusion as compared with the control group on week 2 and 3, post-operatively. In comparison with the control group, syngeneic MSCs significantly improved blood perfusion at week 2 only. There was no statistical difference in blood perfusion between allogeneic and syngeneic MSC groups at any stages. There was no statistical difference in ambulatory and necrosis score among the three groups. Amputation of toes was only observed in the control group (one out of seven animals). Alloantibody was detected in three out of the eight mice that received allogeneic MSCs but was not observed in the other groups. In summary, we demonstrated comparable efficacy after transplantation of autologous and allogeneic MSCs in a diabetic animal model despite generation of an immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Liew
- 1 Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI) at CÚRAM SFI Research Centre, School of Medicine, Galway, Ireland
| | - C Baustian
- 1 Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI) at CÚRAM SFI Research Centre, School of Medicine, Galway, Ireland
| | - D Thomas
- 1 Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI) at CÚRAM SFI Research Centre, School of Medicine, Galway, Ireland.,2 Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), Galway, Ireland
| | - E Vaughan
- 1 Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI) at CÚRAM SFI Research Centre, School of Medicine, Galway, Ireland
| | - C Sanz-Nogués
- 1 Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI) at CÚRAM SFI Research Centre, School of Medicine, Galway, Ireland
| | - M Creane
- 1 Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI) at CÚRAM SFI Research Centre, School of Medicine, Galway, Ireland
| | - X Chen
- 1 Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI) at CÚRAM SFI Research Centre, School of Medicine, Galway, Ireland
| | - S Alagesan
- 1 Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI) at CÚRAM SFI Research Centre, School of Medicine, Galway, Ireland
| | - P Owens
- 3 National Centre for Biomedical Engineering Science (NCBES), and Centre for Microscopy & Imaging and National Biophotonic & Imaging Platform Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - J Horan
- 1 Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI) at CÚRAM SFI Research Centre, School of Medicine, Galway, Ireland
| | - P Dockery
- 4 College of Engineering, National University of Ireland, Galway (NUIG) and Medtronic, Galway, Ireland
| | - M D Griffin
- 1 Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI) at CÚRAM SFI Research Centre, School of Medicine, Galway, Ireland
| | - A Duffy
- 4 College of Engineering, National University of Ireland, Galway (NUIG) and Medtronic, Galway, Ireland
| | - T O'Brien
- 1 Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI) at CÚRAM SFI Research Centre, School of Medicine, Galway, Ireland
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27
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Alagesan S, Sanz-Nogués C, Chen X, Creane M, Ritter T, Ceredig R, O'Brien T, Griffin MD. Anti-donor antibody induction following intramuscular injections of allogeneic mesenchymal stromal cells. Immunol Cell Biol 2018; 96:536-548. [PMID: 29446493 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2017] [Revised: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Allogeneic mesenchymal stromal cells (allo-MSC) are a promising "off-the-shelf" therapy with anti-inflammatory and pro-repair properties. This study investigated humoral immune responses to intramuscular (IM) injections of allo-MSC. Total and isotype-specific anti-donor IgG and donor-specific complement-mediated lysis were determined in sera from healthy mice 2 weeks after single or repeated IM injections of fully mismatched-MHC allo-MSC with comparison to mice receiving syngeneic MSC, allogeneic splenocytes or saline. In mice subjected to hind limb ischemia (HLI), anti-donor IgG was analyzed following IM allo-MSC injection with and without administration of the T-cell immunosuppressant tacrolimus. Recipients of single and repeated IM allo-MSC developed readily-detectable anti-donor IgG. Serum anti-donor IgG levels were similar to those of allo-splenocyte recipients but had higher IgG1/IgG2a ratio and variable capacity for complement-mediated lysis of donor cells. The induced anti-donor IgG bound readily to allo-MSC and this binding was increased following allo-MSC pretreatment with interferon gamma. In mice with HLI, IM injection of allo-MSC into the ischemic limb was also associated with induction of anti-donor IgG but this was abrogated by tacrolimus (FK-506). The results indicate that allo-MSC are inherently immunogenic when delivered intramuscularly to healthy and ischemic mouse hind limb, but induce an IgG1-skewed humoral response that is suppressed by tacrolimus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senthilkumar Alagesan
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI) at CÚRAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland, Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Clara Sanz-Nogués
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI) at CÚRAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland, Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Xizhe Chen
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI) at CÚRAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland, Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Michael Creane
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI) at CÚRAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland, Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Thomas Ritter
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI) at CÚRAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland, Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Rhodri Ceredig
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI) at CÚRAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland, Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Timothy O'Brien
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI) at CÚRAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland, Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Matthew D Griffin
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI) at CÚRAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland, Galway, Galway, Ireland
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Guo X, Bai Y, Zhang L, Zhang B, Zagidullin N, Carvalho K, Du Z, Cai B. Cardiomyocyte differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells from bone marrow: new regulators and its implications. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:44. [PMID: 29482607 PMCID: PMC5828435 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-0773-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In the past years, cardiac mortality has decreased, but cardiac diseases are still responsible for millions of deaths every year worldwide. Bone-marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) transplantation may be a promising therapeutic strategy because of its capacity to differentiate into cardiac cells. Current research indicates that chemical substances, microRNAs, and cytokines have biological functions that regulate the cardiomyocytes differentiation of BMSCs. In this review, we chiefly summarize the regulatory factors that induce BMSCs to differentiate into cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246 Xuefu Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150081, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Bai
- Department of Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246 Xuefu Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150081, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246 Xuefu Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150081, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246 Xuefu Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150081, People's Republic of China
| | - Naufal Zagidullin
- Department of Internal Diseases, Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Russia
| | - Katherine Carvalho
- Cell Therapy and Biotechnology in Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Pequeno Príncipe Faculty, Pelé Pequeno Príncipe Institute, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Zhimin Du
- Department of Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246 Xuefu Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150081, People's Republic of China
| | - Benzhi Cai
- Department of Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246 Xuefu Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150081, People's Republic of China.
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29
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Samsonraj RM, Raghunath M, Nurcombe V, Hui JH, van Wijnen AJ, Cool SM. Concise Review: Multifaceted Characterization of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Use in Regenerative Medicine. Stem Cells Transl Med 2017; 6:2173-2185. [PMID: 29076267 PMCID: PMC5702523 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.17-0129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 471] [Impact Index Per Article: 67.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) hold great potential for regenerative medicine because of their ability for self-renewal and differentiation into tissue-specific cells such as osteoblasts, chondrocytes, and adipocytes. MSCs orchestrate tissue development, maintenance and repair, and are useful for musculoskeletal regenerative therapies to treat age-related orthopedic degenerative diseases and other clinical conditions. Importantly, MSCs produce secretory factors that play critical roles in tissue repair that support both engraftment and trophic functions (autocrine and paracrine). The development of uniform protocols for both preparation and characterization of MSCs, including standardized functional assays for evaluation of their biological potential, are critical factors contributing to their clinical utility. Quality control and release criteria for MSCs should include cell surface markers, differentiation potential, and other essential cell parameters. For example, cell surface marker profiles (surfactome), bone-forming capacities in ectopic and orthotopic models, as well as cell size and granularity, telomere length, senescence status, trophic factor secretion (secretome), and immunomodulation, should be thoroughly assessed to predict MSC utility for regenerative medicine. We propose that these and other functionalities of MSCs should be characterized prior to use in clinical applications as part of comprehensive and uniform guidelines and release criteria for their clinical-grade production to achieve predictably favorable treatment outcomes for stem cell therapy. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2017;6:2173-2185.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebekah M. Samsonraj
- Glycotherapeutics GroupInstitute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)Singapore
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringNational University of SingaporeSingapore
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
| | - Michael Raghunath
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringNational University of SingaporeSingapore
- Center for Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Competence Center for Tissue Engineering and Substance Testing (TEDD)Institute for Chemistry and Biotechnology, ZHAW School of Life Sciences and Facility Management, Zurich University of Applied SciencesSwitzerland
| | - Victor Nurcombe
- Glycotherapeutics GroupInstitute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)Singapore
| | - James H. Hui
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore
| | | | - Simon M. Cool
- Glycotherapeutics GroupInstitute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)Singapore
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore
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30
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Pierro M, Thébaud B, Soll R. Mesenchymal stem cells for the prevention and treatment of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2017; 11:CD011932. [PMID: 29125893 PMCID: PMC6485972 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd011932.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) remains a major complication of prematurity and currently lacks efficient treatments. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) have been extensively explored as a potential therapy in several preclinical and clinical settings. Human and animal MSCs have been shown to prevent and treat lung injury in various preclinical models of lung diseases, including experimental BPD. OBJECTIVES To determine if MSCs, administered intravenously or endotracheally, are safe and effective in preventing or treating BPD, or both, in preterm infants. SEARCH METHODS We used the standard search strategy of the Cochrane Neonatal Review Group to search the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL 2016, Issue 10), MEDLINE via PubMed (1966 to 6 November 2016), Embase (1980 to 6 November 2016), and CINAHL (1982 to 6 November 2016). We also searched clinical trials databases, conference proceedings, and the reference lists of retrieved articles for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-RCTs. SELECTION CRITERIA We considered RCTs and quasi-RCTs investigating prevention or treatment of BPD, or both, in preterm infants. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two review authors independently assessed trial quality according to prespecified criteria. MAIN RESULTS We found no RCTs or quasi-RCTs addressing the use of MSCs for prevention or treatment of BPD in premature infants. Two RCTs are currently registered and ongoing. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS There is insufficient evidence to determine the safety and efficacy of MSCs in the treatment or prevention of BPD in premature infants. The results of the ongoing trials addressing this issue are expected in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pierro
- University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore PoliclinicoDepartment of Clinical Sciences and Community HealthMilanItaly
- Alessandro Manzoni HospitalNeonatal Intensive Care UnitLeccoItaly
| | - Bernard Thébaud
- Children’s Hospital of Eastern OntarioDepartment of PediatricsOttawaONCanada
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Sprott Center for Stem Cell ResearchOttawaCanada
- University of OttawaDepartment of Cellular and Molecular MedicineOttawaCanada
| | - Roger Soll
- University of Vermont Medical CenterDivision of Neonatal‐Perinatal Medicine111 Colchester AvenueBurlingtonVermontUSA05401
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Arango JC, Puerta-Arias JD, Pino-Tamayo PA, Salazar-Peláez LM, Rojas M, González Á. Impaired anti-fibrotic effect of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell in a mouse model of pulmonary paracoccidioidomycosis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2017; 11:e0006006. [PMID: 29040281 PMCID: PMC5659794 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) have been consider as a promising therapy in fibrotic diseases. Experimental models suggest that BMMSCs may be used as an alternative therapy to treat chemical- or physical-induced pulmonary fibrosis. We investigated the anti-fibrotic potential of BMMSCs in an experimental model of lung fibrosis by infection with Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. BMMSCs were isolated and purified from BALB/c mice using standardized methods. BALB/c male mice were inoculated by intranasal infection of 1.5x106P. brasiliensis yeasts. Then, 1x106 BMMSCs were administered intra venous at 8th week post-infection (p.i.). An additional group of mice was treated with itraconazole (ITC) two weeks before BMMSCs administration. Animals were sacrificed at 12th week p.i. Histopathological examination, fibrocytes counts, soluble collagen and fibrosis-related genes expression in lungs were evaluated. Additionally, human fibroblasts were treated with homogenized lung supernatants (HLS) to determine induction of collagen expression. Histological analysis showed an increase of granulomatous inflammatory areas in BMMSCs-treated mice. A significant increase of fibrocytes count, soluble collagen and collagen-3α1, TGF-β3, MMP-8 and MMP-15 genes expression were also observed in those mice. Interestingly, when combined therapy BMMSCs/ITC was used there is a decrease of TIMP-1 and MMP-13 gene expression in infected mice. Finally, human fibroblasts stimulated with HLS from infected and BMMSCs-transplanted mice showed a higher expression of collagen I. In conclusion, our findings indicate that late infusion of BMMSCs into mice infected with P. brasiliensis does not have any anti-fibrotic effect; possibly because their interaction with the fungus promotes collagen expression and tissue remodeling. This is the first study that evaluates the effect of BMMSCs therapy for lung fibrosis induced by the fungal pathogen Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, the causative agent of paracoccidioidomycosis, one of the most important systemic endemic mycosis diagnosed in South America and Central America. Our findings showed an impaired anti-fibrotic effect of BMMSCs transplantation. This effect could be triggered by either the chronic inflammatory microenvironment induced by P. brasiliensis or by a direct interaction between BMMSCs and the fungus, resulting in an exacerbation of the pulmonary fibrosis. In fact, the pro-fibrotic effect exerted by BMMSCs was toned-down by the usage of the antifungal ITC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julián Camilo Arango
- Medical and Experimental Mycology Group, Corporación para Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB)–Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
- School of Microbiology, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Juan David Puerta-Arias
- Medical and Experimental Mycology Group, Corporación para Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB)–Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Paula Andrea Pino-Tamayo
- Medical and Experimental Mycology Group, Corporación para Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB)–Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, Unites States of America
| | | | - Mauricio Rojas
- Dorothy P. & Richard P. Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Disease, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, Unites States of America
| | - Ángel González
- School of Microbiology, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
- Basic and Applied Microbiology Research Group (MICROBA), Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
- * E-mail:
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Cryopreserved or Fresh Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: Only a Matter of Taste or Key to Unleash the Full Clinical Potential of MSC Therapy? ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 951:77-98. [PMID: 27837556 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-45457-3_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) harbor great therapeutic potential for numerous diseases. From early clinical trials, success and failure analysis, bench-to-bedside and back-to-bench approaches, there has been a great gain in knowledge, still leaving a number of questions to be answered regarding optimal manufacturing and quality of MSCs for clinical application. For treatment of many acute indications, cryobanking may remain a prerequisite, but great uncertainty exists considering the therapeutic value of freshly thawed (thawed) and continuously cultured (fresh) MSCs. The field has seen an explosion of new literature lately, outlining the relevance of the topic. MSCs appear to have compromised immunomodulatory activity directly after thawing for clinical application. This may provide a possible explanation for failure of early clinical trials. It is not clear if and how quickly MSCs recover their full therapeutic activity, and if the "cryo stun effect" is relevant for clinical success. Here, we will share our latest insights into the relevance of these observations for clinical practice that will be discussed in the context of the published literature. We argue that the differences of fresh and thawed MSCs are limited but significant. A key issue in evaluating potency differences is the time point of analysis after thawing. To date, prospective double-blinded randomized clinical studies to evaluate potency of both products are lacking, although recent progress was made with preclinical assessment. We suggest refocusing therapeutic MSC development on potency and safety assays with close resemblance of the clinical reality.
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Henao Agudelo JS, Braga TT, Amano MT, Cenedeze MA, Cavinato RA, Peixoto-Santos AR, Muscará MN, Teixeira SA, Cruz MC, Castoldi A, Sinigaglia-Coimbra R, Pacheco-Silva A, de Almeida DC, Camara NOS. Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Derived Microvesicles Regulate an Internal Pro-Inflammatory Program in Activated Macrophages. Front Immunol 2017; 8:881. [PMID: 28824619 PMCID: PMC5535070 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells with abilities to exert immunosuppressive response promoting tissue repair. Studies have shown that MSCs can secrete extracellular vesicles (MVs-MSCs) with similar regulatory functions to the parental cells. Furthermore, strong evidence suggesting that MVs-MSCs can modulate several immune cells (i.e., Th1, Th17, and Foxp3+ T cells). However, their precise effect on macrophages (Mϕs) remains unexplored. We investigated the immunoregulatory effect of MVs-MSCs on activated M1-Mϕs in vitro and in vivo using differentiated bone marrow Mϕs and an acute experimental model of thioglycollate-induced peritonitis, respectively. We observed that MVs-MSCs shared surface molecules with MSCs (CD44, CD105, CD90, CD73) and expressed classical microvesicle markers (Annexin V and CD9). The in vitro treatment with MVs-MSCs exerted a regulatory-like phenotype in M1-Mϕs, which showed higher CD206 level and reduced CCR7 expression. This was associated with decreased levels of inflammatory molecules (IL-1β, IL-6, nitric oxide) and increased immunoregulatory markers (IL-10 and Arginase) in M1-Mϕs. In addition, we detected that MVs-MSCs promoted the downregulation of inflammatory miRNAs (miR-155 and miR-21), as well as, upregulated its predicted target gene SOCS3 in activated M1-Mϕs. In vivo MVs-MSCs treatment reduced the Mϕs infiltrate in the peritoneal cavity inducing a M2-like regulatory phenotype in peritoneal Mϕs (higher arginase activity and reduced expression of CD86, iNOS, IFN-γ, IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-1α, and IL-6 molecules). This in vivo immunomodulatory effect of MVs-MSCs on M1-Mϕs was partially associated with the upregulation of CX3CR1 in F4/80+/Ly6C+/CCR2+ Mϕs subsets. In summary, our findings indicate that MVs-MSCs can modulate an internal program in activated Mϕs establishing an alternative regulatory-like phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan S Henao Agudelo
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Federal University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tarcio T Braga
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariane T Amano
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcos A Cenedeze
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Federal University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Regiane A Cavinato
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Federal University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Amandda R Peixoto-Santos
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Federal University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo N Muscará
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Simone A Teixeira
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mario C Cruz
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Federal University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Angela Castoldi
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Alvaro Pacheco-Silva
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Federal University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,IEP, Albert Einstein Hospital, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Danilo C de Almeida
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Niels Olsen Saraiva Camara
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Federal University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Laboratory of Renal Pathophysiology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Carrillo-Moreno CI, Escobar-Serna DP, González-Vélez SDJ, Lozano-Marquez E. Hand Transplantation: Current concepts and management algorithm. REVISTA DE LA FACULTAD DE MEDICINA 2017. [DOI: 10.15446/revfacmed.v65n3.56151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introducción. El trasplante de mano ha sido uno de los retos del siglo XXI, cuyo primer caso reportado ocurrió en 1964. En este campo se han hecho estudios y avances que permitieron explorar nuevas alternativas para el manejo del paciente con trasplante de mano, por lo que diversos centros de referencia han realizado análisis basados en sus experiencias, las cuales permitieron lograr la viabilidad de este tipo de trasplante.Objetivo. Esta revisión busca dar una visión general sobre el trasplante de mano y proponer un algoritmo de manejo.Materiales y métodos. La selección de candidatos requiere una serie de criterios, tales como evaluación clínica, paraclínica y psicosocial, desarrollados por un equipo multidisciplinario. La inmunosupresión busca evitar el rechazo y los inmunosupresores deben tener los niveles séricos apropiados para reducir sus efectos adversos. Se han reportado casos de rechazo agudo clásico y atípico, donde la piel es el principal tejido blanco, y rechazo crónico, en el cual se afectan los vasos sanguíneos. El seguimiento se realiza con varias pruebas, de modo que la de oro es la biopsia de piel.Resultados. Las complicaciones del tratamiento farmacológico derivan de la toxicidad de los medicamentos y se manifiestan como alteraciones metabólicas, infecciones oportunistas y neoplasias. La rehabilitación y los aspectos sociales, como el grado de satisfacción del paciente, deben ser evaluados durante la recuperación para asegurar adherencia al tratamiento. En 2011 el registro internacional de alotransplante compuesto de mano reportó 39 casos de trasplante de extremidades superiores con resultados variables; todo esto evidencia que para lograr un resultado óptimo y viable del trasplante debe realizarse seguimiento por un equipo multidisciplinario, red de apoyo del paciente y motivación del mismo, junto con el cumplimiento del manejo farmacológico.Conclusión. Se espera que nuevas investigaciones puedan crear estrategias para desarrollar tolerancia y, de esta forma, reducir el manejo mediante inmunosupresión.
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Safety and Tolerance of Donor-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Pediatric Living-Donor Liver Transplantation: The MYSTEP1 Study. Stem Cells Int 2017; 2017:2352954. [PMID: 28740511 PMCID: PMC5504958 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2352954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Calcineurin inhibitors (CNI) have significantly improved patient and graft survival in pediatric liver transplantation (pLT). However, CNI toxicity leads to significant morbidity. Moreover, CNIs cannot prevent long-term allograft injury. Mesenchymal stem (stromal) cells (MSC) have potent immunomodulatory properties, which may promote allograft tolerance and ameliorate toxicity of high-dose CNI. The MYSTEP1 trial aims to investigate safety and feasibility of donor-derived MSCs in pLT. Methods/Design 7 to 10 children undergoing living-donor pLT will be included in this open-label, prospective pilot trial. A dose of 1 × 106 MSCs/kg body weight will be given at two time points: first by intraportal infusion intraoperatively and second by intravenous infusion on postoperative day 2. In addition, participants will receive standard immunosuppressive treatment. Our primary objective is to assess the safety of intraportal and intravenous MSC infusion in pLT recipients. Our secondary objective is to evaluate efficacy of MSC treatment as measured by the individual need for immunosuppression and the incidence of biopsy-proven acute rejection. We will perform detailed immune monitoring to investigate immunomodulatory effects. Discussion Our study will provide information on the safety of donor-derived MSCs in pediatric living-donor liver transplantation and their effect on immunomodulation and graft survival.
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Shahini A, Mistriotis P, Asmani M, Zhao R, Andreadis ST. NANOG Restores Contractility of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Based Senescent Microtissues. Tissue Eng Part A 2017; 23:535-545. [PMID: 28125933 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2016.0494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been extensively used in the field of tissue engineering as a source of smooth muscle cells (SMCs). However, recent studies showed deficits in the contractile function of SMCs derived from senescent MSCs and there are no available strategies to restore the contractile function that is impaired due to cellular or organismal senescence. In this study, we developed a tetracycline-regulatable system and employed micropost tissue arrays to evaluate the effects of the embryonic transcription factor, NANOG, on the contractility of senescent MSCs. Using this system, we show that expression of NANOG fortified the actin cytoskeleton and restored contractile function that was impaired in senescent MSCs. NANOG increased the expression of smooth muscle α-actin (ACTA2) as well as the contractile force generated by cells in three-dimensional microtissues. Interestingly, NANOG worked together with transforming growth factor-beta1 to further enhance the contractility of senescent microtissues. The effect of NANOG on contractile function was sustained for about 10 days after termination of its expression. Our results show that NANOG could reverse the effects of stem cell senescence and restore the myogenic differentiation potential of senescent MSCs. These findings may enable development of novel strategies to restore the function of senescent cardiovascular and other SMC-containing tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aref Shahini
- 1 Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York , Amherst, New York
| | - Panagiotis Mistriotis
- 1 Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York , Amherst, New York
| | - Mohammadnabi Asmani
- 2 Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York , Amherst, New York
| | - Ruogang Zhao
- 2 Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York , Amherst, New York
| | - Stelios T Andreadis
- 1 Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York , Amherst, New York.,2 Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York , Amherst, New York.,3 Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences , Buffalo, New York
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Wang S, Zhang C, Niyazi S, Zheng L, Li J, Zhang W, Xu M, Rong R, Yang C, Zhu T. A novel cytoprotective peptide protects mesenchymal stem cells against mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis induced by starvation via Nrf2/Sirt3/FoxO3a pathway. J Transl Med 2017; 15:33. [PMID: 28202079 PMCID: PMC5309997 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-017-1144-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) has been widely explored in the past decade as a cell-based treatment for various diseases. However, poor survival of adaptively transferred MSCs limits their clinical therapeutic potentials, which is largely ascribed to the nutrient starvation. In this study, we determined whether a novel kidney protective peptide CHBP could protect MSCs against starvation and invested the underlying mechanisms. Methods MSCs were subjected to serum deprivation and CHBP of graded concentrations was administered. Cell viability and apoptosis were detected by CCK-8, Annexin V/PI assay and Hoechst staining. ROS generation, mitochondrial membrane potential indicated by JC-1 and mitochondrial mass were measured by flow cytometry. The location of cytochrome c within cells was observed under fluorescence microscopy. Expressions of Nrf2, Sirt3, and FoxO3a were analyzed by western blot. In addition, preconditioning MSCs with CHBP was applied to test the possible protection against starvation. Finally, the effect of CHBP on the differentiation and self-renewal capacity of MSCs was also examined. Results CHBP improved cell viability and suppressed apoptosis in a dose dependent manner. Starvation resulted in the mitochondrial dysfunction and treatment of CHBP could alleviate mitochondrial stress by diminishing oxidative injury of ROS, restoring mitochondrial membrane potential and maintaining mitochondrial membrane integrity. Importantly, Nrf2/Sirt3/FoxO3a pathway was activated by CHBP and Sirt3 knockdown partially abolished the protection of CHBP. Moreover, MSCs pretreated with CHBP were more resistant to starvation. Under normal condition, CHBP exerted little effects on the differential and self-renewal capacity of MSCs. Conclusions The present study demonstrated the efficient protection of CHBP upon MSCs against starvation-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis and indicated possible involvement of Nrf2/Sirt3/FoxO3a pathway in the protective effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Wang
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Shanghai, China
| | - Sidikejiang Niyazi
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Shanghai, China
| | - Long Zheng
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiawei Li
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Shanghai, China
| | - Weitao Zhang
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Xu
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruiming Rong
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Shanghai, China.,Department of Transfusion, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng Yang
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Shanghai, China.
| | - Tongyu Zhu
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Shanghai, China. .,Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Zhang YC, Liu W, Fu BS, Wang GY, Li HB, Yi HM, Jiang N, Wang G, Zhang J, Yi SH, Li H, Zhang Q, Yang Y, Chen GH. Therapeutic potentials of umbilical cord–derived mesenchymal stromal cells for ischemic-type biliary lesions following liver transplantation. Cytotherapy 2017; 19:194-199. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2016.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2016] [Revised: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Huang XP, Ludke A, Dhingra S, Guo J, Sun Z, Zhang L, Weisel RD, Li RK. Class II transactivator knockdown limits major histocompatibility complex II expression, diminishes immune rejection, and improves survival of allogeneic bone marrow stem cells in the infarcted heart. FASEB J 2016; 30:3069-82. [PMID: 27221978 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201600331r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This study was performed to investigate how to overcome immunorejection associated with allogeneic stem cell therapy in the infarcted heart. Allogeneic bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) differentiation increases major histocompatibility complex II (MHC II) expression, inducing transition from immunoprivileged to immunogenic phenotype. MHC II expression is regulated by the class II transactivator (CIITA). We isolated and characterized mouse and human MSCs and knocked down CIITA expression. Wild-type (WT) or CIITA-knockout (CIITA(-)) mouse MSCs were implanted into infarcted mouse myocardia, and recipient allo-antibody formation, cell survival, and cardiac function were measured. WT mouse and human MSCs that were myogenically differentiated showed increased MHC II and CIITA expression. Differentiated CIITA(-) MSCs lacked MHC II induction and showed reduced cytotoxicity in allogeneic leukocyte coculture. Differentiation of human MSCs increased MHC II expression, which resulted in cytotoxicity in allogeneic leukocyte coculture and was prevented by CIITA small interfering RNA. In contrast to WT MSCs, CIITA(-) MSCs did not initiate recipient allo-antibody formation and instead survived in the injured myocardium and significantly improved ventricular function. Decreasing CIITA expression in allogeneic MSCs abolished MHC II induction during myogenic differentiation and prevented immunorejection of these cells from the infarcted myocardium, which enhanced beneficial functional effects of MSC implantation on myocardial repair.-Huang, X.-P., Ludke, A., Dhingra, S., Guo, J., Sun, Z., Zhang, L., Weisel, R. D., Li, R.-K. Class II transactivator knockdown limits major histocompatibility complex II expression, diminishes immune rejection, and improves survival of allogeneic bone marrow stem cells in the infarcted heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Ping Huang
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ana Ludke
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sanjiv Dhingra
- Department of Physiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; and
| | - Jian Guo
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zhuo Sun
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Pathobiology and Immunology, and
| | - Richard D Weisel
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ren-Ke Li
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Mechanisms of immunological tolerance. Clin Biochem 2016; 49:324-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2015.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Revised: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Cruz FF, Borg ZD, Goodwin M, Coffey AL, Wagner DE, Rocco PRM, Weiss DJ. CD11b+ and Sca-1+ Cells Exert the Main Beneficial Effects of Systemically Administered Bone Marrow-Derived Mononuclear Cells in a Murine Model of Mixed Th2/Th17 Allergic Airway Inflammation. Stem Cells Transl Med 2016; 5:488-99. [PMID: 26933041 PMCID: PMC4798733 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2015-0141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A murine model of severe clinical asthma was used to study which bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells (BMDMCs) are responsible for ameliorating airway hyperresponsiveness and lung inflammation. BMDMCs depleted of either CD11b-positive cells (monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells) or Sca-1-positive cells (bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells) were unable to ameliorate these conditions in this model. Depletion of the other cell types did not diminish the ameliorating effects of BMDMC administration. Systemic administration of bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells (BMDMCs) or bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) reduces inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) in a murine model of Th2-mediated eosinophilic allergic airway inflammation. However, since BMDMCs are a heterogeneous population that includes MSCs, it is unclear whether the MSCs alone are responsible for the BMDMC effects. To determine which BMDMC population(s) is responsible for ameliorating AHR and lung inflammation in a model of mixed Th2-eosinophilic and Th17-neutrophilic allergic airway inflammation, reminiscent of severe clinical asthma, BMDMCs obtained from normal C57Bl/6 mice were serially depleted of CD45, CD34, CD11b, CD3, CD19, CD31, or Sca-1 positive cells. The different resulting cell populations were then assessed for ability to reduce lung inflammation and AHR in mixed Th2/Th17 allergic airway inflammation induced by mucosal sensitization to and challenge with Aspergillus hyphal extract (AHE) in syngeneic C56Bl/6 mice. BMDMCs depleted of either CD11b-positive (CD11b+) or Sca-1-positive (Sca-1+) cells were unable to ameliorate AHR or lung inflammation in this model. Depletion of the other cell types did not diminish the ameliorating effects of BMDMC administration. In conclusion, in the current model of allergic inflammation, CD11b+ cells (monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells) and Sca-1+ cells (MSCs) are responsible for the beneficial effects of BMDMCs. Significance This study shows that bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells (BMDMCs) are as effective as bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in ameliorating experimental asthma. It also demonstrates that not only MSCs present in the pool of BMDMCs are responsible for BMDMCs’ beneficial effects but also monocytes, which are the most important cell population to trigger these effects. All of this is in the setting of a clinically relevant model of severe allergic airways inflammation and thus provides further support for potential clinical use of cell therapy using MSCs, BMDMCs, and also adult cells such as monocytes in patients with severe asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda F Cruz
- Division of Pulmonary Disease and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Zachary D Borg
- Division of Pulmonary Disease and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Meagan Goodwin
- Division of Pulmonary Disease and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Amy L Coffey
- Division of Pulmonary Disease and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Darcy E Wagner
- Division of Pulmonary Disease and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Patricia R M Rocco
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Daniel J Weiss
- Division of Pulmonary Disease and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
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Bieback K, Netsch P. Isolation, Culture, and Characterization of Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Methods Mol Biol 2016; 1416:245-58. [PMID: 27236676 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3584-0_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Umbilical cord blood (CB) is considered one of the youngest available sources of adult stem cells. Besides hematopoietic stem cells, CB has been shown to contain endothelial progenitor cells as well as mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSC). To isolate MSC from cord blood, CB is collected into a sterile bag containing the anticoagulant citrate-phosphate-dextrose (CPD). The CB is then processed by density-gradient centrifugation to obtain mononuclear cells (MNC). These are cultured until the outgrowth of fibroblastoid cell colonies appears. After reaching a subconfluent stage, cells are harvested, expanded, and characterized as cord blood mesenchymal stromal cells (CB-MSC) according to standard criteria: plastic adherence, fibroblast morphology, CFU-f assay, proliferation potential, immune phenotype, and differentiation potential.Apparently, the frequency of MSC in CB is extremely low. Thus, not every CB unit will provide adequate MSC isolation yields. Different strategies have been proposed aiming to optimize the isolation success by selecting CB units of optimal quality. It is commonly agreed on that a high CB volume, a high cellular content, and a short time frame between birth and MSC isolation are criteria that will enhance the MSC isolation success.The procedures in this chapter are standardized protocols that were established and optimized in the authors' research laboratory; however, various modifications of the protocols are possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Bieback
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany. .,German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg - Hessen, Friedrich-Ebert Str. 107, Mannheim, D-68167, Germany.
| | - Philipp Netsch
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg - Hessen, Friedrich-Ebert Str. 107, Mannheim, D-68167, Germany
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Swaminathan S, Rosner MH, Okusa MD. Emerging therapeutic targets of sepsis-associated acute kidney injury. Semin Nephrol 2015; 35:38-54. [PMID: 25795498 DOI: 10.1016/j.semnephrol.2015.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI) is linked to high morbidity and mortality. To date, singular approaches to target specific pathways known to contribute to the pathogenesis of SA-AKI have failed. Because of the complexity of the pathogenesis of SA-AKI, a reassessment necessitates integrative approaches to therapeutics of SA-AKI that include general supportive therapies such as the use of vasopressors, fluids, antimicrobials, and target-specific and time-dependent therapeutics. There has been recent progress in our understanding of the pathogenesis and treatment of SA-AKI including the temporal nature of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory processes. In this review, we discuss the clinical and experimental basis of emerging therapeutic approaches that focus on targeting early proinflammatory and late anti-inflammatory processes, as well as therapeutics that may enhance cellular survival and recovery. Finally, we include ongoing clinical trials in sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sundararaman Swaminathan
- Division of Nephrology, Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Mitchell H Rosner
- Division of Nephrology, Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Mark D Okusa
- Division of Nephrology, Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA.
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Moll G, Alm JJ, Davies LC, von Bahr L, Heldring N, Stenbeck-Funke L, Hamad OA, Hinsch R, Ignatowicz L, Locke M, Lönnies H, Lambris JD, Teramura Y, Nilsson-Ekdahl K, Nilsson B, Le Blanc K. Do cryopreserved mesenchymal stromal cells display impaired immunomodulatory and therapeutic properties? Stem Cells 2015; 32:2430-42. [PMID: 24805247 DOI: 10.1002/stem.1729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 264] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Revised: 04/01/2014] [Accepted: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
We have recently reported that therapeutic mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have low engraftment and trigger the instant blood mediated inflammatory reaction (IBMIR) after systemic delivery to patients, resulting in compromised cell function. In order to optimize the product, we compared the immunomodulatory, blood regulatory, and therapeutic properties of freeze-thawed and freshly harvested cells. We found that freeze-thawed MSCs, as opposed to cells harvested from continuous cultures, have impaired immunomodulatory and blood regulatory properties. Freeze-thawed MSCs demonstrated reduced responsiveness to proinflammatory stimuli, an impaired production of anti-inflammatory mediators, increased triggering of the IBMIR, and a strong activation of the complement cascade compared to fresh cells. This resulted in twice the efficiency in lysis of thawed MSCs after 1 hour of serum exposure. We found a 50% and 80% reduction in viable cells with freshly detached as opposed to thawed in vitro cells, indicating a small benefit for fresh cells. In evaluation of clinical response, we report a trend that fresh cells, and cells of low passage, demonstrate improved clinical outcome. Patients treated with freshly harvested cells in low passage had a 100% response rate, twice the response rate of 50% observed in a comparable group of patients treated with freeze-thawed cells at higher passage. We conclude that cryobanked MSCs have reduced immunomodulatory and blood regulatory properties directly after thawing, resulting in faster complement-mediated elimination after blood exposure. These changes seem to be paired by differences in therapeutic efficacy in treatment of immune ailments after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido Moll
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Hematology and Regenerative Medicine Centre at Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
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45
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Pierro M, Ciarmoli E, Thébaud B. Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia and Chronic Lung Disease: Stem Cell Therapy. Clin Perinatol 2015; 42:889-910. [PMID: 26593085 DOI: 10.1016/j.clp.2015.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a major complication of premature birth, still lacks safe and effective treatment. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been proven to ameliorate critical aspects of the BPD pathogenesis. MSCs seem to exert therapeutic effects through the paracrine secretion of anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiapoptotic, trophic, and proangiogenic factors. Although these findings are promising, understanding the mechanism of action of MSCs and MSC manufacturing is still evolving. Several aspects can affect the efficacy of MSC therapy. Further research is required to optimize this potentially game-changing treatment but the translation of regenerative cell therapies for patients has begun.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pierro
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Via della Commenda 12, Milan 20122, Italy; Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via Gerolamo Gaslini, 5, Genova 16148, Italy.
| | - Elena Ciarmoli
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, MBBM Foundation, San Gerardo Hospital, Via Pergolesi 33, Monza 20900, Italy
| | - Bernard Thébaud
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada; Regenerative Medicine Program, Sprott Center for Stem Cell Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1H8L6, Canada; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Sinclair Institute of Regenerative Medicine, University of Ottawa, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
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46
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Mesenchymal stem cells for the prevention and treatment of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants. Hippokratia 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd011932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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47
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Reinders MEJ, Dreyer GJ, Bank JR, Roelofs H, Heidt S, Roelen DL, Zandvliet ML, Huurman VAL, Fibbe WE, van Kooten C, Claas FHJ, Rabelink TJ, de Fijter JW. Safety of allogeneic bone marrow derived mesenchymal stromal cell therapy in renal transplant recipients: the neptune study. J Transl Med 2015; 13:344. [PMID: 26537851 PMCID: PMC4632480 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-015-0700-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) may serve as an attractive therapy in renal transplantation due to their immunosuppressive and reparative properties. While most studies have used autologous MSCs, allogeneic MSCs offer the advantage of immediate availability for clinical use. This is of major importance for indications where instant treatment is needed, for example allograft rejection or calcineurin inhibitor toxicity. Clinical studies using allogeneic MSCs are limited in number. Although these studies showed no adverse reactions, allogeneic MSCs could possibly elicit an anti-donor immune response, which may increase the incidence of rejection and impact the allograft survival in the long term. These safety issues should be addressed before further studies are planned with allogeneic MSCs in the solid organ transplant setting. Methods/design 10 renal allograft recipients, 18–75 years old, will be included in this clinical phase Ib, open label, single center study. Patients will receive two doses of 1.5 × 106 per/kg body weight allogeneic bone marrow derived MSCs intravenously, at 25 and 26 weeks after transplantation, when immune suppression levels are reduced. The primary end point of this study is safety by assessing biopsy proven acute rejection (BPAR)/graft loss after MSC treatment. Secondary end points, all measured before and after MSC infusions, include: comparison of fibrosis in renal biopsy by quantitative Sirius Red scoring; de novo HLA antibody development and extensive immune monitoring; renal function measured by cGFR and iohexol clearance; CMV and BK infection and other opportunistic infections. Discussion This study will provide information on the safety of allogeneic MSC infusion and its effect on the incidence of BPAR/graft loss. Trial registration: NCT02387151
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlies E J Reinders
- Department of Nephrology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Geertje J Dreyer
- Department of Nephrology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Jonna R Bank
- Department of Nephrology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Helene Roelofs
- Department of Immuno-Haematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Sebastiaan Heidt
- Department of Immuno-Haematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Dave L Roelen
- Department of Immuno-Haematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Maarten L Zandvliet
- Department of Clinical Parmacy and Toxicology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Volkert A L Huurman
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Wim E Fibbe
- Department of Immuno-Haematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Cees van Kooten
- Department of Nephrology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Frans H J Claas
- Department of Immuno-Haematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Ton J Rabelink
- Department of Nephrology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands. .,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Johan W de Fijter
- Department of Nephrology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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Hafez P, Jose S, Chowdhury SR, Ng MH, Ruszymah BHI, Abdul Rahman Mohd R. Cardiomyogenic differentiation of human sternal bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells using a combination of basic fibroblast growth factor and hydrocortisone. Cell Biol Int 2015; 40:55-64. [PMID: 26289249 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The alarming rate of increase in myocardial infarction and marginal success in efforts to regenerate the damaged myocardium through conventional treatments creates an exceptional avenue for cell-based therapy. Adult bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be differentiated into cardiomyocytes, by treatment with 5-azacytidine, thus, have been anticipated as a therapeutic tool for myocardial infarction treatment. In this study, we investigated the ability of basic fibroblastic growth factor (bFGF) and hydrocortisone as a combined treatment to stimulate the differentiation of MSCs into cardiomyocytes. MSCs were isolated from sternal marrow of patients undergoing heart surgery (CABG). The isolated cells were initially monitored for the growth pattern, followed by characterization using ISCT recommendations. Cells were then differentiated using a combination of bFGF and hydrocortisone and evaluated for the expression of characteristic cardiac markers such as CTnI, CTnC, and Cnx43 at protein level using immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry, and CTnC and CTnT at mRNA level. The expression levels and pattern of the cardiac markers upon analysis with ICC and qRT-PCR were similar to that of 5-azacytidine induced cells and cultured primary human cardiomyocytes. However, flow cytometric evaluation revealed that induction with bFGF and hydrocortisone drives MSC differentiation to cardiomyocytes with a marginally higher efficiency. These results indicate that combination treatment of bFGF and hydrocortisone can be used as an alternative induction method for cardiomyogenic differentiation of MSCs for future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pezhman Hafez
- Tissue Engineering Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Shinsmon Jose
- Tissue Engineering Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Shiplu R Chowdhury
- Tissue Engineering Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Min Hwei Ng
- Tissue Engineering Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - B H I Ruszymah
- Tissue Engineering Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ramzisham Abdul Rahman Mohd
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Safety and Efficacy Endpoints for Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Therapy in Renal Transplant Recipients. J Immunol Res 2015; 2015:391797. [PMID: 26258149 PMCID: PMC4518147 DOI: 10.1155/2015/391797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite excellent short-term graft survival after renal transplantation, the long-term graft outcome remains compromised. It has become evident that a combination of sustained alloreactivity and calcineurin-inhibitor- (CNI-) related nephrotoxicity results in fibrosis and consequently dysfunction of the graft. New immunosuppressive regimens that can minimize or eliminate side effects, while maintaining efficacy, are required to improve long-term graft survival. In this perspective mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are an interesting candidate, since MSCs have immunosuppressive and regenerative properties. The first clinical trials with MSCs in renal transplantation showed safety and feasibility and displayed promising results. Recently, the first phase II studies have been started. One of the most difficult and challenging aspects in those early phase trials is to define accurate endpoints that can measure safety and efficacy of MSC treatment. Since both graft losses and acute rejection rates declined, alternative surrogate markers such as renal function, histological findings, and immunological markers are used to measure efficacy and to provide mechanistic insight. In this review, we will discuss the current status of MSCs in renal transplantation with a focus on the endpoints used in the different experimental and clinical studies.
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50
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Moll G, Le Blanc K. Engineering more efficient multipotent mesenchymal stromal (stem) cells for systemic delivery as cellular therapy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/voxs.12133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. Moll
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine; Department of Laboratory Medicine; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
- Hematology and Regenerative Medicine Centre at Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge; Stockholm Sweden
| | - K. Le Blanc
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine; Department of Laboratory Medicine; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
- Hematology and Regenerative Medicine Centre at Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge; Stockholm Sweden
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