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Fehér A, Schnúr A, Muenthaisong S, Bellák T, Ayaydin F, Várady G, Kemter E, Wolf E, Dinnyés A. Establishment and characterization of a novel human induced pluripotent stem cell line stably expressing the iRFP720 reporter. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9874. [PMID: 35701501 PMCID: PMC9198085 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-12956-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cell therapy has great potential for replacing beta-cell loss in diabetic patients. However, a key obstacle to cell therapy’s success is to preserve viability and function of the engrafted cells. While several strategies have been developed to improve engrafted beta-cell survival, tools to evaluate the efficacy within the body by imaging are limited. Traditional labeling tools, such as GFP-like fluorescent proteins, have limited penetration depths in vivo due to tissue scattering and absorption. To circumvent this limitation, a near-infrared fluorescent mutant version of the DrBphP bacteriophytochrome, iRFP720, has been developed for in vivo imaging and stem/progenitor cell tracking. Here, we present the generation and characterization of an iRFP720 expressing human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line, which can be used for real-time imaging in various biological applications. To generate the transgenic cells, the CRISPR/Cas9 technology was applied. A puromycin resistance gene was inserted into the AAVS1 locus, driven by the endogenous PPP1R12C promoter, along with the CAG-iRFP720 reporter cassette, which was flanked by insulator elements. Proper integration of the transgene into the targeted genomic region was assessed by comprehensive genetic analysis, verifying precise genome editing. Stable expression of iRFP720 in the cells was confirmed and imaged by their near-infrared fluorescence. We demonstrated that the reporter iPSCs exhibit normal stem cell characteristics and can be efficiently differentiated towards the pancreatic lineage. As the genetically modified reporter cells show retained pluripotency and multilineage differentiation potential, they hold great potential as a cellular model in a variety of biological and pharmacological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Fehér
- BioTalentum Ltd, Aulich Lajos Street 26, Gödöllő, 2100, Hungary
| | - Andrea Schnúr
- BioTalentum Ltd, Aulich Lajos Street 26, Gödöllő, 2100, Hungary
| | | | - Tamás Bellák
- BioTalentum Ltd, Aulich Lajos Street 26, Gödöllő, 2100, Hungary.,Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, 6724, Hungary
| | - Ferhan Ayaydin
- Functional Cell Biology and Immunology Advanced Core Facility, Hungarian Centre of Excellence for Molecular Medicine, University of Szeged (HCEMM-USZ), Szeged, 6720, Hungary.,Laboratory of Cellular Imaging, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Szeged, Hungary
| | - György Várady
- Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Institute of Enzymology, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
| | - Elisabeth Kemter
- Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Centre and Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany.,Centre for Innovative Medical Models (CiMM), Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich, 85764, Oberschleißheim, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Eckhard Wolf
- Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Centre and Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany.,Centre for Innovative Medical Models (CiMM), Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich, 85764, Oberschleißheim, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - András Dinnyés
- BioTalentum Ltd, Aulich Lajos Street 26, Gödöllő, 2100, Hungary. .,HCEMM-USZ Stem Cell Research Group, Hungarian Centre of Excellence for Molecular Medicine, Szeged, 6723, Hungary. .,Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, 6720, Hungary. .,Department of Physiology and Animal Health, Institute of Physiology and Animal Nutrition, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gödöllő, 2100, Hungary.
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Maxwell KG, Kim MH, Gale SE, Millman JR. OUP accepted manuscript. Stem Cells Transl Med 2022; 11:322-331. [PMID: 35294547 PMCID: PMC8968674 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szab013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin-producing stem cell-derived islets (SC-islets) provide a virtually unlimited cell source for diabetes cell replacement therapy. While SC-islets are less functional when first differentiated in vitro compared to isolated cadaveric islets, transplantation into mice has been shown to increase their maturation. To understand the effects of transplantation on maturation and function of SC-islets, we examined the effects of cell dose, transplantation strategy, and diabetic state in immunocompromised mice. Transplantation of 2 and 5, but not 0.75 million SC-islet cells underneath the kidney capsule successfully reversed diabetes in mice with pre-existing diabetes. SQ and intramuscular injections failed to reverse diabetes at all doses and had undetectable expression of maturation markers, such as MAFA and FAM159B. Furthermore, SC-islets had similar function and maturation marker expression regardless of diabetic state. Our results illustrate that transplantation parameters are linked to SC-islet function and maturation, providing ideal mouse models for preclinical diabetes SC therapy research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina G Maxwell
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington, University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Michelle H Kim
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Sarah E Gale
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Millman
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington, University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Corresponding author: Jeffrey R. Millman, Washington University School of Medicine, Southwest Tower 8th Floor, MSC 8127-057-08, 660 Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA. Tel: +1 (314) 362-3268; Fax: (314) 362-7641;
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Choi H, Shinohara M, Ibuki M, Nishikawa M, Sakai Y. Differentiation of Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Endocrine Progenitors to Islet-like Cells Using a Dialysis Suspension Culture System. Cells 2021; 10:cells10082017. [PMID: 34440786 PMCID: PMC8392085 DOI: 10.3390/cells10082017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The production of functional islet-like cells from human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) is a promising strategy for the therapeutic use and disease modeling for type 1 diabetes. However, the production cost of islet-like cells is extremely high due to the use of expensive growth factors for differentiation. In a conventional culture method, growth factors and beneficial autocrine factors remaining in the culture medium are removed along with toxic metabolites during the medium change, and it limits the efficient utilization of those factors. In this study, we demonstrated that the dialysis suspension culture system is possible to reduce the usage of growth factors to one-third in the differentiation of hiPSC-derived endocrine progenitor cells to islet-like cells by reducing the medium change frequency with the refinement of the culture medium. Furthermore, the expression levels of hormone-secretion-related genes and the efficiency of differentiation were improved with the dialysis suspension culture system, possibly due to the retaining of autocrine factors. In addition, we confirmed several improvements required for the further study of the dialysis culture system. These findings showed the promising possibility of the dialysis suspension culture system for the low-cost production of islet-like cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunjin Choi
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan
- Correspondence:
| | - Marie Shinohara
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan; (M.S.); (M.I.)
| | - Masato Ibuki
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan; (M.S.); (M.I.)
- Kaneka Corporation, Osaka 530-0005, Japan
| | - Masaki Nishikawa
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan; (M.N.); (Y.S.)
| | - Yasuyuki Sakai
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan; (M.N.); (Y.S.)
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Thakur G, Lee HJ, Jeon RH, Lee SL, Rho GJ. Small Molecule-Induced Pancreatic β-Like Cell Development: Mechanistic Approaches and Available Strategies. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E2388. [PMID: 32235681 PMCID: PMC7178115 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a metabolic disease which affects not only glucose metabolism but also lipid and protein metabolism. It encompasses two major types: type 1 and 2 diabetes. Despite the different etiologies of type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus (T1DM and T2DM, respectively), the defining features of the two forms are insulin deficiency and resistance, respectively. Stem cell therapy is an efficient method for the treatment of diabetes, which can be achieved by differentiating pancreatic β-like cells. The consistent generation of glucose-responsive insulin releasing cells remains challenging. In this review article, we present basic concepts of pancreatic organogenesis, which intermittently provides a basis for engineering differentiation procedures, mainly based on the use of small molecules. Small molecules are more auspicious than any other growth factors, as they have unique, valuable properties like cell-permeability, as well as a nonimmunogenic nature; furthermore, they offer immense benefits in terms of generating efficient functional beta-like cells. We also summarize advances in the generation of stem cell-derived pancreatic cell lineages, especially endocrine β-like cells or islet organoids. The successful induction of stem cells depends on the quantity and quality of available stem cells and the efficient use of small molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gitika Thakur
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (G.T.); (H.-J.L.); (S.-L.L.)
| | - Hyeon-Jeong Lee
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (G.T.); (H.-J.L.); (S.-L.L.)
| | - Ryoung-Hoon Jeon
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA;
| | - Sung-Lim Lee
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (G.T.); (H.-J.L.); (S.-L.L.)
| | - Gyu-Jin Rho
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (G.T.); (H.-J.L.); (S.-L.L.)
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6
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Dayem AA, Lee SB, Kim K, Lim KM, Jeon TI, Cho SG. Recent advances in organoid culture for insulin production and diabetes therapy: methods and challenges. BMB Rep 2019. [PMID: 30940326 PMCID: PMC6549913 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2019.52.5.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Breakthroughs in stem cell technology have contributed to disease modeling and drug screening via organoid technology. Organoid are defined as three-dimensional cellular aggregations derived from adult tissues or stem cells. They recapitulate the intricate pattern and functionality of the original tissue. Insulin is secreted mainly by the pancreatic β cells. Large-scale production of insulin-secreting β cells is crucial for diabetes therapy. Here, we provide a brief overview of organoids and focus on recent advances in protocols for the generation of pancreatic islet organoids from pancreatic tissue or pluripotent stem cells for insulin secretion. The feasibility and limitations of organoid cultures derived from stem cells for insulin production will be described. As the pancreas and gut share the same embryological origin and produce insulin, we will also discuss the possible application of gut organoids for diabetes therapy. Better understanding of the challenges associated with the current protocols for organoid culture facilitates development of scalable organoid cultures for applications in biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Abdal Dayem
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Soo Bin Lee
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Kyeongseok Kim
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Kyung Min Lim
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Tak-Il Jeon
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Ssang-Goo Cho
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
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Dayem AA, Lee SB, Kim K, Lim KM, Jeon TI, Cho SG. Recent advances in organoid culture for insulin production and diabetes therapy: methods and challenges. BMB Rep 2019; 52:295-303. [PMID: 30940326 PMCID: PMC6549913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Breakthroughs in stem cell technology have contributed to disease modeling and drug screening via organoid technology. Organoid are defined as three-dimensional cellular aggregations derived from adult tissues or stem cells. They recapitulate the intricate pattern and functionality of the original tissue. Insulin is secreted mainly by the pancreatic β cells. Large-scale production of insulin-secreting β cells is crucial for diabetes therapy. Here, we provide a brief overview of organoids and focus on recent advances in protocols for the generation of pancreatic islet organoids from pancreatic tissue or pluripotent stem cells for insulin secretion. The feasibility and limitations of organoid cultures derived from stem cells for insulin production will be described. As the pancreas and gut share the same embryological origin and produce insulin, we will also discuss the possible application of gut organoids for diabetes therapy. Better understanding of the challenges associated with the current protocols for organoid culture facilitates development of scalable organoid cultures for applications in biomedicine. [BMB Reports 2019; 52(5): 295-303].
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Abdal Dayem
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029,
Korea
| | - Soo Bin Lee
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029,
Korea
| | - Kyeongseok Kim
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029,
Korea
| | - Kyung Min Lim
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029,
Korea
| | - Tak-il Jeon
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029,
Korea
| | - Ssang-Goo Cho
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029,
Korea
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8
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Examining the therapeutic potential of various stem cell sources for differentiation into insulin-producing cells to treat diabetes. ANNALES D'ENDOCRINOLOGIE 2019; 80:47-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ando.2018.06.1084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Shahjalal HM, Abdal Dayem A, Lim KM, Jeon TI, Cho SG. Generation of pancreatic β cells for treatment of diabetes: advances and challenges. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:355. [PMID: 30594258 PMCID: PMC6310974 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-1099-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Human embryonic stem cells (hESC) and induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) are considered attractive sources of pancreatic β cells and islet organoids. Recently, several reports presented that hESC/iPSC-derived cells enriched with specific transcription factors can form glucose-responsive insulin-secreting cells in vitro and transplantation of these cells ameliorates hyperglycemia in diabetic mice. However, the glucose-stimulated insulin-secreting capacity of these cells is lower than that of endogenous islets, suggesting the need to improve induction procedures. One of the critical problems facing in vivo maturation of hESC/iPSC-derived cells is their low survival rate after transplantation, although this rate increases when the implanted pancreatic cells are encapsulated to avoid the immune response. Several groups have also reported on the generation of hESC/iPSC-derived islet-like organoids, but development of techniques for complete islet structures with the eventual generation of vascularized constructs remains a major challenge to their application in regenerative therapies. Many issues also need to be addressed before the successful clinical application of hESC/iPSC-derived cells or islet organoids. In this review, we summarize advances in the generation of hESC/iPSC-derived pancreatic β cells or islet organoids and discuss the limitations and challenges for their successful therapeutic application in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussain Md. Shahjalal
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Biotechnology and IDASI (Incurable Disease Animal model & Stem cell Institute), Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029 South Korea
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, 1342 Bangladesh
| | - Ahmed Abdal Dayem
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Biotechnology and IDASI (Incurable Disease Animal model & Stem cell Institute), Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029 South Korea
| | - Kyung Min Lim
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Biotechnology and IDASI (Incurable Disease Animal model & Stem cell Institute), Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029 South Korea
| | - Tak-il Jeon
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Biotechnology and IDASI (Incurable Disease Animal model & Stem cell Institute), Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029 South Korea
| | - Ssang-Goo Cho
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Biotechnology and IDASI (Incurable Disease Animal model & Stem cell Institute), Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029 South Korea
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Transcutaneously refillable, 3D-printed biopolymeric encapsulation system for the transplantation of endocrine cells. Biomaterials 2018; 177:125-138. [PMID: 29886385 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.05.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Autologous cell transplantation holds enormous promise to restore organ and tissue functions in the treatment of various pathologies including endocrine, cardiovascular, and neurological diseases among others. Even though immune rejection is circumvented with autologous transplantation, clinical adoption remains limited due to poor cell retention and survival. Cell transplant success requires homing to vascularized environment, cell engraftment and importantly, maintenance of inherent cell function. To address this need, we developed a three dimensional (3D) printed cell encapsulation device created with polylactic acid (PLA), termed neovascularized implantable cell homing and encapsulation (NICHE). In this paper, we present the development and systematic evaluation of the NICHE in vitro, and the in vivo validation with encapsulated testosterone-secreting Leydig cells in Rag1-/- castrated mice. Enhanced subcutaneous vascularization of NICHE via platelet-rich plasma (PRP) hydrogel coating and filling was demonstrated in vivo via a chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay as well as in mice. After establishment of a pre-vascularized bed within the NICHE, transcutaneously transplanted Leydig cells, maintained viability and robust testosterone secretion for the duration of the study. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed extensive Leydig cell colonization in the NICHE. Furthermore, transplanted cells achieved physiologic testosterone levels in castrated mice. The promising results provide a proof of concept for the NICHE as a viable platform technology for autologous cell transplantation for the treatment of a variety of diseases.
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Smith KE, Kelly AC, Min CG, Weber CS, McCarthy FM, Steyn LV, Badarinarayana V, Stanton JB, Kitzmann JP, Strop P, Gruessner AC, Lynch RM, Limesand SW, Papas KK. Acute Ischemia Induced by High-Density Culture Increases Cytokine Expression and Diminishes the Function and Viability of Highly Purified Human Islets of Langerhans. Transplantation 2017; 101:2705-2712. [PMID: 28263224 PMCID: PMC6319561 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000001714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Encapsulation devices have the potential to enable cell-based insulin replacement therapies (such as human islet or stem cell-derived β cell transplantation) without immunosuppression. However, reasonably sized encapsulation devices promote ischemia due to high β cell densities creating prohibitively large diffusional distances for nutrients. It is hypothesized that even acute ischemic exposure will compromise the therapeutic potential of cell-based insulin replacement. In this study, the acute effects of high-density ischemia were investigated in human islets to develop a detailed profile of early ischemia induced changes and targets for intervention. METHODS Human islets were exposed in a pairwise model simulating high-density encapsulation to normoxic or ischemic culture for 12 hours, after which viability and function were measured. RNA sequencing was conducted to assess transcriptome-wide changes in gene expression. RESULTS Islet viability after acute ischemic exposure was reduced compared to normoxic culture conditions (P < 0.01). Insulin secretion was also diminished, with ischemic β cells losing their insulin secretory response to stimulatory glucose levels (P < 0.01). RNA sequencing revealed 657 differentially expressed genes following ischemia, with many that are associated with increased inflammatory and hypoxia-response signaling and decreased nutrient transport and metabolism. CONCLUSIONS In order for cell-based insulin replacement to be applied as a treatment for type 1 diabetes, oxygen and nutrient delivery to β cells will need to be maintained. We demonstrate that even brief ischemic exposure such as would be experienced in encapsulation devices damages islet viability and β cell function and leads to increased inflammatory signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate E. Smith
- Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
- Department of Physiological Sciences GIDP, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - Amy C. Kelly
- School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - Catherine G. Min
- Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
- Department of Physiological Sciences GIDP, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - Craig S. Weber
- Department of Physiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - Fiona M. McCarthy
- School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - Leah V. Steyn
- Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | | | | | | | - Peter Strop
- Sanofi-Aventis Group, Tucson, AZ
- Icagen, Inc., Tucson, AZ
| | | | | | - Sean W. Limesand
- School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
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Zazzeroni L, Lanzoni G, Pasquinelli G, Ricordi C. Considerations on the harvesting site and donor derivation for mesenchymal stem cells-based strategies for diabetes. CELLR4-- REPAIR, REPLACEMENT, REGENERATION, & REPROGRAMMING 2017; 5:e2435. [PMID: 30505879 PMCID: PMC6267851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) possess important characteristics that could be exploited in therapeutic strategies for Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) and for certain complications of Type 2 Diabetes (T2D). MSCs can inhibit autoimmune, alloimmune and inflammatory processes. Moreover, they can promote the function of endogenous and transplanted pancreatic islets. Furthermore, they can stimulate angiogenesis. MSC functions are largely mediated by their secretome, which includes growth factors, exosomes, and other extracellular vesicles. MSCs have shown a good safety profile in clinical trials. MSC-derived exosomes are emerging as an alternative to the transplantation of live MSCs. MSCs harvested from different anatomical locations (e.g. bone marrow, umbilical cord, placenta, adipose tissue, and pancreas) have shown differences in gene expression profiles and function. Data from clinical trials suggest that umbilical cord-derived MSCs could be superior to bone marrow-derived MSCs for the treatment of T1D. Autologous MSCs from diabetic patients may present abnormal functions. BM-MSCs from T1D patients exhibit gene expression differences that may impact in vivo function. BM-MSCs from T2D patients seem to be significantly impaired due to the T2D diabetic milieu. In this review, we highlight how the harvesting site and donor derivation can affect the efficacy of MSC-based treatments for T1D and T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Zazzeroni
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - G Lanzoni
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - G Pasquinelli
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - C Ricordi
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
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Wehbe T, Chahine NA, Sissi S, Abou-Joaude I, Chalhoub L. Bone marrow derived stem cell therapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Stem Cell Investig 2016; 3:87. [PMID: 28066789 DOI: 10.21037/sci.2016.11.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In this study, 6 patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) underwent autologous bone marrow mononuclear stem cell (BM-MNSC) infusion into the celiac and superior mesenteric arteries without pretreatment with any myeloablative or immune-suppressive therapy. Five of 6 (83%) showed normalization of their fasting glucose and the glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C) with significant reduction of their medication requirements. The HbA1C dropped on average 2.2 points. The three patients with diabetic complications showed improvement or stabilization and most patients reported improved energy and stamina. The durations of response varied between 6 months and 2 years. No patients had any significant adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek Wehbe
- Hematology Department, the Lebanese Canadian and Notre Dame University Hospitals, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nassim Abi Chahine
- Neurosurgery Department, the Lebanese Canadian Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Salam Sissi
- Endocrinology Department, Al-Saydet Hospital, Zgharta, Lebanon
| | - Isabelle Abou-Joaude
- Endocrinology Department, The Middle East and Notre Dame University Hospitals, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Louis Chalhoub
- Endocrinology Department, the Lebanese Canadian Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon
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Qian X, Kim JK, Tong W, Villa-Diaz LG, Krebsbach PH. DPPA5 Supports Pluripotency and Reprogramming by Regulating NANOG Turnover. Stem Cells 2015; 34:588-600. [PMID: 26661329 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Revised: 09/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Although a specific group of transcription factors such as OCT4, SOX2, and NANOG are known to play essential roles in pluripotent stem cell (PSC) self-renewal, pluripotency, and reprogramming, other factors and the key signaling pathways regulating these important properties are not completely understood. Here, we demonstrate that the PSC marker Developmental Pluripotency Associated 5 (DPPA5) plays an important role in human PSC (hPSC) self-renewal and cell reprogramming in feeder-free conditions. Compared to hPSCs grown on mouse embryonic fibroblasts, cells cultured on feeder-free substrates, such as Matrigel, Laminin-511, Vitronectin, or the synthetic polymer poly[2-(methacryloyloxy) ethyl dimethyl-(3-sulfopropyl) ammonium hydroxide], had significantly higher DPPA5 gene expression and protein levels. Overexpression of DPPA5 in hPSCs increased NANOG protein levels via a post-transcriptional mechanism. Coimmunoprecipitation, protein stability assays, and quantitative RT-PCR, demonstrated that DPPA5 directly interacted, stabilized, and enhanced the function of NANOG in hPSCs. Additionally, DPPA5 increased the reprogramming efficiency of human somatic cells to induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). Our study provides new insight into the function of DPPA5 and NANOG regulation in hPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Qian
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jin Koo Kim
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Wilbur Tong
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Luis G Villa-Diaz
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Paul H Krebsbach
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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15
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Toyoda T, Mae SI, Tanaka H, Kondo Y, Funato M, Hosokawa Y, Sudo T, Kawaguchi Y, Osafune K. Cell aggregation optimizes the differentiation of human ESCs and iPSCs into pancreatic bud-like progenitor cells. Stem Cell Res 2015; 14:185-97. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2015.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Revised: 12/28/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
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16
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Qian X, Villa-Diaz LG, Kumar R, Lahann J, Krebsbach PH. Enhancement of the propagation of human embryonic stem cells by modifications in the gel architecture of PMEDSAH polymer coatings. Biomaterials 2014; 35:9581-90. [PMID: 25189518 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Well-defined culture conditions are essential for realizing the full potential of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) in regenerative medicine where large numbers of cells are required. Synthetic polymers such as poly[2-(methacryloyloxy) ethyl dimethyl-(3-sulfopropyl) ammonium hydroxide] (PMEDSAH), offer multiple advantages over mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) and Matrigel™ for hESC culture and expansion. However, there is limited understanding of the mechanisms by which hESCs are propagated on synthetic polymers coatings. Here, the effects of PMEDSAH gel architecture on hESC self-renewal were determined. By increasing the atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) reaction time, the thickness of PMEDSAH was increased and its internal hydrogel architecture was modified, while maintaining its overall chemical structure. A 105 nm thick ATRP PMEDSAH coating showed a significant increase in the expansion rate of hESCs. Theoretical calculations suggested that 20,000 hESCs cultured on this substrate could be expanded up to 4.7 × 10(9) undifferentiated cells in five weeks. In addition, hESCs grown on ATRP PMEDSAH coatings retained pluripotency and displayed a normal karyotype after long-term culture. These data demonstrate the importance of polymer physical properties in hESC expansion. This modification of PMEDSAH coatings may be used to obtain large populations of hESCs required for many applications in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Qian
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Luis G Villa-Diaz
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ramya Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Joerg Lahann
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Paul H Krebsbach
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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17
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Tan TE, Peh GSL, George BL, Cajucom-Uy HY, Dong D, Finkelstein EA, Mehta JS. A cost-minimization analysis of tissue-engineered constructs for corneal endothelial transplantation. PLoS One 2014; 9:e100563. [PMID: 24949869 PMCID: PMC4065108 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0100563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2014] [Accepted: 05/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Corneal endothelial transplantation or endothelial keratoplasty has become the preferred choice of transplantation for patients with corneal blindness due to endothelial dysfunction. Currently, there is a worldwide shortage of transplantable tissue, and demand is expected to increase further with aging populations. Tissue-engineered alternatives are being developed, and are likely to be available soon. However, the cost of these constructs may impair their widespread use. A cost-minimization analysis comparing tissue-engineered constructs to donor tissue procured from eye banks for endothelial keratoplasty was performed. Both initial investment costs and recurring costs were considered in the analysis to arrive at a final tissue cost per transplant. The clinical outcomes of endothelial keratoplasty with tissue-engineered constructs and with donor tissue procured from eye banks were assumed to be equivalent. One-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed to simulate various possible scenarios, and to determine the robustness of the results. A tissue engineering strategy was cheaper in both investment cost and recurring cost. Tissue-engineered constructs for endothelial keratoplasty could be produced at a cost of US$880 per transplant. In contrast, utilizing donor tissue procured from eye banks for endothelial keratoplasty required US$3,710 per transplant. Sensitivity analyses performed further support the results of this cost-minimization analysis across a wide range of possible scenarios. The use of tissue-engineered constructs for endothelial keratoplasty could potentially increase the supply of transplantable tissue and bring the costs of corneal endothelial transplantation down, making this intervention accessible to a larger group of patients. Tissue-engineering strategies for corneal epithelial constructs or other tissue types, such as pancreatic islet cells, should also be subject to similar pharmacoeconomic analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tien-En Tan
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore
- * E-mail:
| | - Gary S. L. Peh
- Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore
| | - Benjamin L. George
- Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore
| | | | - Di Dong
- Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore
| | - Eric A. Finkelstein
- Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore
- Lien Centre for Palliative Care, Singapore
| | - Jodhbir S. Mehta
- Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore
- Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore
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18
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Pethe P, Nagvenkar P, Bhartiya D. Polycomb group protein expression during differentiation of human embryonic stem cells into pancreatic lineage in vitro. BMC Cell Biol 2014; 15:18. [PMID: 24885493 PMCID: PMC4038052 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2121-15-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycomb Group (PcG) proteins are chromatin modifiers involved in early embryonic development as well as in proliferation of adult stem cells and cancer cells. PcG proteins form large repressive complexes termed Polycomb Repressive Complexes (PRCs) of which PRC1 and PRC2 are well studied. Differentiation of human Embryonic Stem (hES) cells into insulin producing cells has been achieved to limited extent, but several aspects of differentiation remain unexplored. The PcG protein dynamics in human embryonic stem (hES) cells during differentiation into pancreatic lineage has not yet been reported. In the present study, the expression of RING1A, RING1B, BMI1, CBX2, SUZ12, EZH2, EED and JARID2 during differentiation of hES cells towards pancreatic lineage was examined. RESULTS In-house derived hES cell line KIND1 was used to study expression of PcG protein upon spontaneous and directed differentiation towards pancreatic lineage. qRT-PCR analysis showed expression of gene transcripts for various lineages in spontaneously differentiated KIND1 cells, but no differentiation into pancreatic lineage was observed. Directed differentiation induced KIND1 cells grown under feeder-free conditions to transition from definitive endoderm (Day 4), primitive gut tube stage (Day 8) and pancreatic progenitors (Day 12-Day 16) as evident from expression of SOX17, PDX1 and SOX9 by qRT-PCR and Western blotting. In spontaneously differentiating KIND1 cells, RING1A and SUZ12 were upregulated at day 15, while other PcG transcripts were downregulated. qRT-PCR analysis showed transcripts of RING1B, BMI1, SUZ12, EZH2 and EED were upregulated, while RING1A and CBX2 expression remained low and JARID2 was downregulated during directed differentiation of KIND1 cells. Upregulation of BMI1, EZH2 and SUZ12 during differentiation into pancreatic lineage was also confirmed by Western blotting. Histone modifications such as H3K27 trimethylation and monoubiquitinylation of H2AK119 increased during differentiation into pancreatic lineage as seen by Western blotting. CONCLUSION Our study shows expression of PcG proteins was distinct during spontaneous and directed differentiation. Differentiation into pancreatic lineage was achieved by directed differentiation approach and was associated with increased expression of PcG proteins RING1B, BMI1, EZH2 and SUZ12 accompanied by increase in monoubiquitinylation of H2AK119 and trimethylation of H3K27.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasad Pethe
- Stem Cell Biology Department, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, J.M. Street, Parel-12, Mumbai, India
| | - Punam Nagvenkar
- Stem Cell Biology Department, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, J.M. Street, Parel-12, Mumbai, India
| | - Deepa Bhartiya
- Stem Cell Biology Department, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, J.M. Street, Parel-12, Mumbai, India
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Cechin S, Alvarez-Cubela S, Giraldo JA, Molano RD, Villate S, Ricordi C, Pileggi A, Inverardi L, Fraker CA, Domínguez-Bendala J. Influence of in vitro and in vivo oxygen modulation on β cell differentiation from human embryonic stem cells. Stem Cells Transl Med 2013; 3:277-89. [PMID: 24375542 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2013-0160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The possibility of using human embryonic stem (hES) cell-derived β cells as an alternative to cadaveric islets for the treatment of type 1 diabetes is now widely acknowledged. However, current differentiation methods consistently fail to generate meaningful numbers of mature, functional β cells. In order to address this issue, we set out to explore the role of oxygen modulation in the maturation of pancreatic progenitor (PP) cells differentiated from hES cells. We have previously determined that oxygenation is a powerful driver of murine PP differentiation along the endocrine lineage of the pancreas. We hypothesized that targeting physiological oxygen partial pressure (pO2) levels seen in mature islets would help the differentiation of PP cells along the β-cell lineage. This hypothesis was tested both in vivo (by exposing PP-transplanted immunodeficient mice to a daily hyperbaric oxygen regimen) and in vitro (by allowing PP cells to mature in a perfluorocarbon-based culture device designed to carefully adjust pO2 to a desired range). Our results show that oxygen modulation does indeed contribute to enhanced maturation of PP cells, as evidenced by improved engraftment, segregation of α and β cells, body weight maintenance, and rate of diabetes reversal in vivo, and by elevated expression of pancreatic endocrine makers, β-cell differentiation yield, and insulin production in vitro. Our studies confirm the importance of oxygen modulation as a key variable to consider in the design of β-cell differentiation protocols and open the door to future strategies for the transplantation of fully mature β cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirlene Cechin
- Diabetes Research Institute, Department of Surgery, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medicine, and Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
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20
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Lanzoni G, Oikawa T, Wang Y, Cui CB, Carpino G, Cardinale V, Gerber D, Gabriel M, Dominguez-Bendala J, Furth ME, Gaudio E, Alvaro D, Inverardi L, Reid LM. Concise review: clinical programs of stem cell therapies for liver and pancreas. Stem Cells 2013; 31:2047-60. [PMID: 23873634 PMCID: PMC3812254 DOI: 10.1002/stem.1457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2013] [Revised: 05/02/2013] [Accepted: 05/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Regenerative medicine is transitioning into clinical programs using stem/progenitor cell therapies for repair of damaged organs. We summarize those for liver and pancreas, organs that share endodermal stem cell populations, biliary tree stem cells (hBTSCs), located in peribiliary glands. They are precursors to hepatic stem/progenitors in canals of Hering and to committed progenitors in pancreatic duct glands. They give rise to maturational lineages along a radial axis within bile duct walls and a proximal-to-distal axis starting at the duodenum and ending with mature cells in the liver or pancreas. Clinical trials have been ongoing for years assessing effects of determined stem cells (fetal-liver-derived hepatic stem/progenitors) transplanted into the hepatic artery of patients with various liver diseases. Immunosuppression was not required. Control subjects, those given standard of care for a given condition, all died within a year or deteriorated in their liver functions. Subjects transplanted with 100-150 million hepatic stem/progenitor cells had improved liver functions and survival extending for several years. Full evaluations of safety and efficacy of transplants are still in progress. Determined stem cell therapies for diabetes using hBTSCs remain to be explored but are likely to occur following ongoing preclinical studies. In addition, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are being used for patients with chronic liver conditions or with diabetes. MSCs have demonstrated significant effects through paracrine signaling of trophic and immunomodulatory factors, and there is limited evidence for inefficient lineage restriction into mature parenchymal or islet cells. HSCs' effects are primarily via modulation of immune mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Lanzoni
- Diabetes Research Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL. 33136
- Department of Histology, Embryology and Applied Biology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Tsunekazu Oikawa
- Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Yunfang Wang
- The Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, PR China, 100850
| | - Cai-Bin Cui
- Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Guido Carpino
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Rome “ForoItalico”, Rome, Italy
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics Sciences, Fondazione Eleonora Lorillard Spencer Cenci, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Cardinale
- Department of Scienze e Biotecnologie Medico-Chirurgiche, Fondazione Eleonora Lorillard Spencer Cenci, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - David Gerber
- Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Mara Gabriel
- MGabriel Consulting, 3621 Sweeten Creek Road, Chapel Hill, NC 27514
| | - Juan Dominguez-Bendala
- Diabetes Research Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL. 33136
| | - Mark E. Furth
- Wake Forest Innovations, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157
| | - Eugenio Gaudio
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics Sciences, Fondazione Eleonora Lorillard Spencer Cenci, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Domenico Alvaro
- Department of Scienze e Biotecnologie Medico-Chirurgiche, Fondazione Eleonora Lorillard Spencer Cenci, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Inverardi
- Diabetes Research Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL. 33136
| | - Lola M. Reid
- Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
- Program in Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
- Lineberger Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
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21
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Schulz TC, Young HY, Agulnick AD, Babin MJ, Baetge EE, Bang AG, Bhoumik A, Cepa I, Cesario RM, Haakmeester C, Kadoya K, Kelly JR, Kerr J, Martinson LA, McLean AB, Moorman MA, Payne JK, Richardson M, Ross KG, Sherrer ES, Song X, Wilson AZ, Brandon EP, Green CE, Kroon EJ, Kelly OG, D'Amour KA, Robins AJ. A scalable system for production of functional pancreatic progenitors from human embryonic stem cells. PLoS One 2012; 7:e37004. [PMID: 22623968 PMCID: PMC3356395 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0037004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 284] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2012] [Accepted: 04/11/2012] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Development of a human embryonic stem cell (hESC)-based therapy for type 1 diabetes will require the translation of proof-of-principle concepts into a scalable, controlled, and regulated cell manufacturing process. We have previously demonstrated that hESC can be directed to differentiate into pancreatic progenitors that mature into functional glucose-responsive, insulin-secreting cells in vivo. In this study we describe hESC expansion and banking methods and a suspension-based differentiation system, which together underpin an integrated scalable manufacturing process for producing pancreatic progenitors. This system has been optimized for the CyT49 cell line. Accordingly, qualified large-scale single-cell master and working cGMP cell banks of CyT49 have been generated to provide a virtually unlimited starting resource for manufacturing. Upon thaw from these banks, we expanded CyT49 for two weeks in an adherent culture format that achieves 50–100 fold expansion per week. Undifferentiated CyT49 were then aggregated into clusters in dynamic rotational suspension culture, followed by differentiation en masse for two weeks with a four-stage protocol. Numerous scaled differentiation runs generated reproducible and defined population compositions highly enriched for pancreatic cell lineages, as shown by examining mRNA expression at each stage of differentiation and flow cytometry of the final population. Islet-like tissue containing glucose-responsive, insulin-secreting cells was generated upon implantation into mice. By four- to five-months post-engraftment, mature neo-pancreatic tissue was sufficient to protect against streptozotocin (STZ)-induced hyperglycemia. In summary, we have developed a tractable manufacturing process for the generation of functional pancreatic progenitors from hESC on a scale amenable to clinical entry.
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β-Cell Generation: Can Rodent Studies Be Translated to Humans? J Transplant 2011; 2011:892453. [PMID: 22007286 PMCID: PMC3189575 DOI: 10.1155/2011/892453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2011] [Revised: 07/31/2011] [Accepted: 07/31/2011] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
β-cell replacement by allogeneic islet transplantation is a promising approach for patients with type 1 diabetes, but the shortage of organ donors requires new sources of β cells. Islet regeneration in vivo and generation of β-cells ex vivo followed by transplantation represent attractive therapeutic alternatives to restore the β-cell mass. In this paper, we discuss different postnatal cell types that have been envisaged as potential sources for future β-cell replacement therapy. The ultimate goal being translation to the clinic, a particular attention is given to the discrepancies between findings from studies performed in rodents (both ex vivo on primary cells and in vivo on animal models), when compared with clinical data and studies performed on human cells.
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