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Argyropoulos GD, Christidi F, Karavasilis E, Bede P, Velonakis G, Antoniou A, Seimenis I, Kelekis N, Smyrnis N, Papakonstantinou O, Efstathopoulos E, Ferentinos P. A Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Study on Polarity Subphenotypes in Bipolar Disorder. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:1170. [PMID: 38893696 PMCID: PMC11172378 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14111170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Although magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) has provided in vivo measurements of brain chemical profiles in bipolar disorder (BD), there are no data on clinically and therapeutically important onset polarity (OP) and predominant polarity (PP). We conducted a proton MRS study in BD polarity subphenotypes, focusing on emotion regulation brain regions. Forty-one euthymic BD patients stratified according to OP and PP and sixteen healthy controls (HC) were compared. 1H-MRS spectra of the anterior and posterior cingulate cortex (ACC, PCC), left and right hippocampus (LHIPPO, RHIPPO) were acquired at 3.0T to determine metabolite concentrations. We found significant main effects of OP in ACC mI, mI/tNAA, mI/tCr, mI/tCho, PCC tCho, and RHIPPO tNAA/tCho and tCho/tCr. Although PP had no significant main effects, several medium and large effect sizes emerged. Compared to HC, manic subphenotypes (i.e., manic-OP, manic-PP) showed greater differences in RHIPPO and PCC, whereas depressive suphenotypes (i.e., depressive-OP, depressive-PP) in ACC. Effect sizes were consistent between OP and PP as high intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were confirmed. Our findings support the utility of MRS in the study of the neurobiological underpinnings of OP and PP, highlighting that the regional specificity of metabolite changes within the emotion regulation network consistently marks both polarity subphenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios D. Argyropoulos
- Research Unit of Radiology and Medical Imaging, 2nd Department of Radiology, Attikon General University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece (E.K.); (G.V.); (N.K.); (O.P.); (E.E.)
| | - Foteini Christidi
- 2nd Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece; (A.A.); (N.S.); (P.F.)
- School of Medicine, Democritus University of Alexandroupolis, 681 00 Alexandroupolis, Greece
- Computational Neuroimaging Group, Trinity College Dublin, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland;
| | - Efstratios Karavasilis
- Research Unit of Radiology and Medical Imaging, 2nd Department of Radiology, Attikon General University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece (E.K.); (G.V.); (N.K.); (O.P.); (E.E.)
- School of Medicine, Democritus University of Alexandroupolis, 681 00 Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Peter Bede
- Computational Neuroimaging Group, Trinity College Dublin, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland;
- Department of Neurology, St James’s Hospital, D08 W9RT Dublin, Ireland
| | - Georgios Velonakis
- Research Unit of Radiology and Medical Imaging, 2nd Department of Radiology, Attikon General University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece (E.K.); (G.V.); (N.K.); (O.P.); (E.E.)
| | - Anastasia Antoniou
- 2nd Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece; (A.A.); (N.S.); (P.F.)
| | - Ioannis Seimenis
- Medical Physics Laboratory, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece;
| | - Nikolaos Kelekis
- Research Unit of Radiology and Medical Imaging, 2nd Department of Radiology, Attikon General University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece (E.K.); (G.V.); (N.K.); (O.P.); (E.E.)
| | - Nikolaos Smyrnis
- 2nd Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece; (A.A.); (N.S.); (P.F.)
| | - Olympia Papakonstantinou
- Research Unit of Radiology and Medical Imaging, 2nd Department of Radiology, Attikon General University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece (E.K.); (G.V.); (N.K.); (O.P.); (E.E.)
| | - Efstathios Efstathopoulos
- Research Unit of Radiology and Medical Imaging, 2nd Department of Radiology, Attikon General University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece (E.K.); (G.V.); (N.K.); (O.P.); (E.E.)
| | - Panagiotis Ferentinos
- 2nd Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece; (A.A.); (N.S.); (P.F.)
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Hajibonabi F, Sharma P, Davarpanah AH, Balthazar P, Moreno CC, Pectasides M, Nandwana SB. Performing Quality Control on Magnetic Resonance Imaging Liver Fat/Iron Quantification Studies: A Critical Requirement. J Comput Assist Tomogr 2023; 47:689-697. [PMID: 37707397 DOI: 10.1097/rct.0000000000001471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Nonalcoholic fatty liver and iron overload can lead to cirrhosis requiring early detection. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging utilizing chemical shift-encoded sequences and multi-Time of Echo single-voxel spectroscopy (SVS) are frequently used for assessment. The purpose of this study was to assess various quality factors of technical acceptability and any deficiencies in technologist performance in these fat/iron MR quantification studies. METHODS Institutional review board waived retrospective quality improvement review of 87 fat/iron MR studies performed over a 6-month period was evaluated. Technical acceptability/unacceptability for chemical shift-encoded sequences (q-Dixon and IDEAL-IQ) included data handling errors (missing maps), liver field coverage, fat/water swap, motion, or other artifacts. Similarly, data handling (missing table/spectroscopy), curve-fit, fat- and water-peak separation, and water-peak sharpness were evaluated for SVS technical acceptability. RESULTS Data handling errors were found in 11% (10/87) of studies with missing maps or entire sequence (SVS or q-Dixon). Twenty-seven percent (23/86) of the q-Dixon/IDEAL-IQ were technically unacceptable (incomplete liver-field [39%], other artifacts [35%], significant/severe motion [18%], global fat/water swap [4%], and multiple reasons [4%]). Twenty-eight percent (21/75) of SVS sequences were unacceptable (water-peak broadness [67%], poor curve-fit [19%] overlapping fat and water peaks [5%], and multiple reasons [9%]). CONCLUSIONS A high rate of preventable errors in fat/iron MR quantification studies indicates the need for routine quality control and evaluation of technologist performance and technical deficiencies that may exist within a radiology practice. Potential solutions such as instituting a checklist for technologists during each acquisition procedure and routine auditing may be required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farid Hajibonabi
- From the Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
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Elsaid S, Truong P, Sailasuta N, Le Foll B. Evaluating Back-to-Back and Day-to-Day Reproducibility of Cortical GABA+ Measurements Using Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ( 1H MRS). Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097713. [PMID: 37175420 PMCID: PMC10178500 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a major inhibitory neurotransmitter implicated in neuropsychiatric disorders. The best method for quantifying GABA is proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS). Considering that accurate measurements of GABA are affected by slight methodological alterations, demonstrating GABA reproducibility in healthy volunteers is essential before implementing the changes in vivo. Thus, our study aimed to evaluate the back-to-back (B2B) and day-to-day (D2D) reproducibility of GABA+ macromolecules (GABA+) using a 3 Tesla MRI scanner, the new 32-channel head coil (CHC), and Mescher-Garwood Point Resolved Spectroscopy (MEGA-PRESS) technique with the scan time (approximately 10 min), adequate for psychiatric patients. The dorsomedial pre-frontal cortex/anterior cingulate cortex (dmPFC/ACC) was scanned in 29 and the dorsolateral pre-frontal cortex (dlPFC) in 28 healthy volunteers on two separate days. Gannet 3.1 was used to quantify GABA+. The reproducibility was evaluated by Pearson's r correlation, the interclass-correlation coefficient (ICC), and the coefficient of variation (CV%) (r/ICC/CV%). For Day 1, B2B reproducibility was 0.59/0.60/5.02% in the dmPFC/ACC and 0.74/0.73/5.15% for dlPFC. For Day 2, it was 0.60/0.59/6.26% for the dmPFC/ACC and 0.54/0.54/6.89 for dlPFC. D2D reproducibility of averaged GABA+ was 0.62/0.61/4.95% for the dmPFC/ACC and 0.58/0.58/5.85% for dlPFC. Our study found excellent GABA+ repeatability and reliability in the dmPFC/ACC and dlPFC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Elsaid
- Translation Addiction Research Laboratory (TARL), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON M5S 2S1, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science (IMS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Brain Health Imaging Centre (BHIC), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Peter Truong
- Brain Health Imaging Centre (BHIC), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
- Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Napapon Sailasuta
- Brain Health Imaging Centre (BHIC), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
- Departments of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Bernard Le Foll
- Translation Addiction Research Laboratory (TARL), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON M5S 2S1, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science (IMS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Brain Health Imaging Centre (BHIC), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1V7, Canada
- Addictions Division, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON M6J 1H4, Canada
- Waypoint Centre for Mental Health Care, Waypoint Research Institute, Penetanguishene, ON L9M 1G3, Canada
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Wieser M, Beckmann KM, Kutter APN, Mauri N, Richter H, Zölch N, Bektas RN. Ketamine administration in idiopathic epileptic and healthy control dogs: Can we detect differences in brain metabolite response with spectroscopy? Front Vet Sci 2023; 9:1093267. [PMID: 36686158 PMCID: PMC9853535 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.1093267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction In recent years ketamine has increasingly become the focus of multimodal emergency management for epileptic seizures. However, little is known about the effect of ketamine on brain metabolites in epileptic patients. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is a non-invasive technique to estimate brain metabolites in vivo. Our aim was to measure the effect of ketamine on thalamic metabolites in idiopathic epileptic (IE) dogs using 3 Tesla MRS. We hypothesized that ketamine would increase the glutamine-glutamate (GLX)/creatine ratio in epileptic dogs with and without antiseizure drug treatment, but not in control dogs. Furthermore, we hypothesized that no different responses after ketamine administration in other measured brain metabolite ratios between the different groups would be detected. Methods In this controlled prospective experimental trial IE dogs with or without antiseizure drug treatment and healthy client-owned relatives of the breeds Border Collie and Greater Swiss Mountain Dog, were included. After sedation with butorphanol, induction with propofol and maintenance with sevoflurane in oxygen and air, a single voxel MRS at the level of the thalamus was performed before and 2 min after intravenous administration of 1 mg/kg ketamine. An automated data processing spectral fitting linear combination model algorithm was used to estimate all commonly measured metabolite ratios. A mixed ANOVA with the independent variables ketamine administration and group allocation was performed for all measured metabolites. A p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Twelve healthy control dogs, 10 untreated IE and 12 treated IE dogs were included. No significant effects for GLX/creatine were found. However, increased glucose/creatine ratios were found (p < 0.001) with no effect of group allocation. Furthermore, increases in the GABA/creatine ratio were found in IEU dogs. Discussion MRS was able to detect changes in metabolite/creatine ratios after intravenous administration of 1 mg/kg ketamine in dogs and no evidence was found that excitatory effects are induced in the thalamus. Although it is beyond the scope of this study to investigate the antiseizure potential of ketamine in dogs, results of this research suggest that the effect of ketamine on the brain metabolites could be dependent on the concentrations of brain metabolites before administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Wieser
- Section of Anesthesiology, Department of Clinical Diagnostics and Services, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland,*Correspondence: Manuela Wieser ✉
| | | | - Annette P. N. Kutter
- Section of Anesthesiology, Department of Clinical Diagnostics and Services, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nico Mauri
- Department of Clinical Diagnostics and Services, Clinic for Diagnostic Imaging, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland,Vetimage Diagnostik AG, Oberentfelden, Switzerland
| | - Henning Richter
- Department of Clinical Diagnostics and Services, Clinic for Diagnostic Imaging, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Niklaus Zölch
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Imaging, Institute of Forensic Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Rima Nadine Bektas
- Section of Anesthesiology, Department of Clinical Diagnostics and Services, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Chen W, Liu H, Liu S, Kang Y, Nie Z, Lei H. Altered prefrontal neurochemistry in the DJ-1 knockout mouse model of Parkinson's disease: complementary semi-quantitative analyses with in vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy and MALDI-MSI. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:7977-7987. [PMID: 36208327 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04341-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) are two semi-quantitative analytical methods commonly used in neurochemical research. In this study, the two methods were used complementarily, in parallel, to investigate neurochemical perturbations in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) of 9-month-old DJ-1 knockout mice, a well-established transgenic model for Parkinson's diseases. Convergingly, the results obtained with the two methods demonstrated that, compared with the wild-type (WT) mice, the DJ-1 knockout mice had significantly increased glutathione (GSH) level and GSH/glutamate (Glu) ratio in the mPFC, which likely presented an astrocytic compensatory mechanism in response to elevated regional oxidative stress induced by the loss of DJ-1 function. The results from this study also highlighted (1) the need to be cautious when interpreting the in vivo 1H-MRS results obtained from aged transgenic animals, in which the concentration of internal reference, being whether water or total creatine, could no longer be assumed to be the same as that in the age-matched WT animals, and (2) the necessity and importance of complementary analyses with more than one method under such circumstances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 30# Xiaohongshan West, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Huihui Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongguancun North First, Street 2, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Sijie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 30# Xiaohongshan West, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 30# Xiaohongshan West, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Zongxiu Nie
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China. .,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongguancun North First, Street 2, Beijing, 100190, China.
| | - Hao Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 30# Xiaohongshan West, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, People's Republic of China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China.
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Naredo-Gonzalez G, Upreti R, Jansen MA, Semple S, Sutcliffe OB, Marshall I, Walker BR, Andrew R. Non-invasive in vivo assessment of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 activity by 19F-Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. Sci Rep 2022; 12:16268. [PMID: 36175417 PMCID: PMC9523021 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18740-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
11β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1) amplifies tissue glucocorticoid levels and is a pharmaceutical target in diabetes and cognitive decline. Clinical translation of inhibitors is hampered by lack of in vivo pharmacodynamic biomarkers. Our goal was to monitor substrates and products of 11β-HSD1 non-invasively in liver via 19Fluorine magnetic resonance spectroscopy (19F-MRS). Interconversion of mono/poly-fluorinated substrate/product pairs was studied in Wistar rats (male, n = 6) and healthy men (n = 3) using 7T and 3T MRI scanners, respectively. Here we show that the in vitro limit of detection, as absolute fluorine content, was 0.625 μmole in blood. Mono-fluorinated steroids, dexamethasone and 11-dehydrodexamethasone, were detected in phantoms but not in vivo in human liver following oral dosing. A non-steroidal polyfluorinated tracer, 2-(phenylsulfonyl)-1-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)ethanone and its metabolic product were detected in vivo in rat liver after oral administration of the keto-substrate, reading out reductase activity. Administration of a selective 11β-HSD1 inhibitor in vivo in rats altered total liver 19F-MRS signal. We conclude that there is insufficient sensitivity to measure mono-fluorinated tracers in vivo in man with current dosage regimens and clinical scanners. However, since reductase activity was observed in rats using poly-fluorinated tracers, this concept could be pursued for translation to man with further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregorio Naredo-Gonzalez
- University/British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, Scotland, UK
| | - Rita Upreti
- University/British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, Scotland, UK
| | - Maurits A Jansen
- University/British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, Scotland, UK.,Edinburgh Imaging, Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, Scotland, UK
| | - Scott Semple
- University/British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, Scotland, UK.,Edinburgh Imaging, Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, Scotland, UK
| | - Oliver B Sutcliffe
- Department of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester, M1 5GD, UK
| | - Ian Marshall
- Edinburgh Imaging, Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, Scotland, UK.,Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, Chancellor's Building, 49 Little France Crescent, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4SB, Scotland, UK
| | - Brian R Walker
- University/British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, Scotland, UK.,Institute of Translational and Clinical Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Ruth Andrew
- University/British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, Scotland, UK.
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Chawla S, Bukhari S, Afridi OM, Wang S, Yadav SK, Akbari H, Verma G, Nath K, Haris M, Bagley S, Davatzikos C, Loevner LA, Mohan S. Metabolic and physiologic magnetic resonance imaging in distinguishing true progression from pseudoprogression in patients with glioblastoma. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2022; 35:e4719. [PMID: 35233862 PMCID: PMC9203929 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Pseudoprogression (PsP) refers to treatment-related clinico-radiologic changes mimicking true progression (TP) that occurs in patients with glioblastoma (GBM), predominantly within the first 6 months after the completion of surgery and concurrent chemoradiation therapy (CCRT) with temozolomide. Accurate differentiation of TP from PsP is essential for making informed decisions on appropriate therapeutic intervention as well as for prognostication of these patients. Conventional neuroimaging findings are often equivocal in distinguishing between TP and PsP and present a considerable diagnostic dilemma to oncologists and radiologists. These challenges have emphasized the need for developing alternative imaging techniques that may aid in the accurate diagnosis of TP and PsP. In this review, we encapsulate the current state of knowledge in the clinical applications of commonly used metabolic and physiologic magnetic resonance (MR) imaging techniques such as diffusion and perfusion imaging and proton spectroscopy in distinguishing TP from PsP. We also showcase the potential of promising imaging techniques, such as amide proton transfer and amino acid-based positron emission tomography, in providing useful information about the treatment response. Additionally, we highlight the role of "radiomics", which is an emerging field of radiology that has the potential to change the way in which advanced MR techniques are utilized in assessing treatment response in GBM patients. Finally, we present our institutional experiences and discuss future perspectives on the role of multiparametric MR imaging in identifying PsP in GBM patients treated with "standard-of-care" CCRT as well as novel/targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeev Chawla
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sultan Bukhari
- Rowan School of Osteopathic Medicine at Rowan University, Voorhees, New Jersey, USA
| | - Omar M. Afridi
- Rowan School of Osteopathic Medicine at Rowan University, Voorhees, New Jersey, USA
| | - Sumei Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Lenox Hill Hospital, Northwell Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Santosh K. Yadav
- Laboratory of Functional and Molecular Imaging, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hamed Akbari
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Gaurav Verma
- Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Kavindra Nath
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mohammad Haris
- Laboratory of Functional and Molecular Imaging, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Stephen Bagley
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Christos Davatzikos
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Laurie A. Loevner
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Suyash Mohan
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Elsaid S, Rubin-Kahana DS, Kloiber S, Kennedy SH, Chavez S, Le Foll B. Neurochemical Alterations in Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD): A Systematic Review of Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094754. [PMID: 35563145 PMCID: PMC9105768 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Objective: Considering that current knowledge of mechanisms involved in the molecular pathogenesis of Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD) is limited, we conducted a systematic review to evaluate cumulative data obtained by Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic (1H MRS) studies. (2) Methods: A computer-based literature search of Medline, EMBASE, PsycInfo, and ProQuest was performed. Only cross-sectional studies using 1H MRS techniques in participants with SAD and healthy controls (HCs) were selected. (3) Results: The search generated eight studies. The results indicated regional abnormalities in the ‘fear neurocircuitry’ in patients with SAD. The implicated regions included the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC), dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC), insula, occipital cortex (OC), as well as the subcortical regions, including the thalamus, caudate, and the putamen. (4) Conclusions: The evidence derived from eight studies suggests that possible pathophysiological mechanisms of SAD include impairments in the integrity and function of neurons and glial cells, including disturbances in energy metabolism, maintenance of phospholipid membranes, dysregulations of second messenger systems, and excitatory/inhibitory neurocircuitry. Conducting more cross-sectional studies with larger sample sizes is warranted given the limited evidence in this area of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Elsaid
- Translational Addiction Research Laboratory, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON M5S 2S1, Canada; (S.E.); (D.S.R.-K.)
- Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; (S.K.); (S.H.K.); (S.C.)
- Brain Health Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Dafna S. Rubin-Kahana
- Translational Addiction Research Laboratory, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON M5S 2S1, Canada; (S.E.); (D.S.R.-K.)
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Stefan Kloiber
- Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; (S.K.); (S.H.K.); (S.C.)
- Brain Health Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Sidney H. Kennedy
- Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; (S.K.); (S.H.K.); (S.C.)
- Centre for Depression and Suicide Studies, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON M5B 1M4, Canada
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Toronto, ON M5B 1T8, Canada
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 0S8, Canada
- Homewood Research Institute, Guelph, ON N1E 6K9, Canada
| | - Sofia Chavez
- Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; (S.K.); (S.H.K.); (S.C.)
- Brain Health Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Bernard Le Foll
- Translational Addiction Research Laboratory, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON M5S 2S1, Canada; (S.E.); (D.S.R.-K.)
- Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; (S.K.); (S.H.K.); (S.C.)
- Brain Health Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Departments of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
- Addictions Division, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON M6J 1H3, Canada
- Waypoint Research Institute, Waypoint Centre for Mental Health Care, Penetanguishene, ON L9M 1G3, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-416-535-8501 (ext. 33111)
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9
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Zhu D, Schär M, Qin Q. Ultrafast B1 mapping with RF-prepared 3D FLASH acquisition: Correcting the bias due to T 1 -induced k-space filtering effect. Magn Reson Med 2022; 88:757-769. [PMID: 35381114 PMCID: PMC9232926 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Purpose The traditional radiofrequency (RF)‐prepared B1 mapping technique consists of one scan with an RF preparation module for flip angle‐encoding and a second scan without this module for normalizing. To reduce the T1‐induced k‐space filtering effect, this method is limited to 2D FLASH acquisition with a two‐parameter method. A novel 3D RF‐prepared three‐parameter method for ultrafast B1‐mapping is proposed to correct the T1‐induced quantification bias. Theory The point spread function analysis of FLASH shows that the prepared longitudinal magnetization before the FLASH acquisition and the image signal obeys a linear (not proportional) relationship. The intercept of the linear function causes the quantification bias and can be captured by a third saturated scan. Methods Using the 2D double‐angle method (DAM) as the reference, a 3D RF‐prepared three‐parameter protocol with 9 s duration was compared with the two‐parameter method, as well as the saturated DAM (SDAM) method, the dual refocusing echo acquisition mode (DREAM) method, and the actual flip‐angle imaging (AFI) method, for B1 mapping of brain, breast, and abdomen with different orientations and shim settings at 3T. Results The 3D RF‐prepared three‐parameter method with complex‐subtraction delivered consistently lower RMS error, error mean, error standard deviation, and higher concordance correlation coefficients values than the two‐parameter method, the three‐parameter method with magnitude‐subtraction, the multi‐slice DREAM and the 3D AFI, and were close to the results of 2D or multi‐slice SDAM. Conclusion The proposed ultrafast 3D RF‐prepared three‐parameter method with complex‐subtraction was demonstrated with high accuracy for B1 mapping of brain, breast, and abdomen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhu
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA.,The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michael Schär
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Qin Qin
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA.,The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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10
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Stoby KS, Rafique SA, Oeltzschner G, Steeves JKE. Continuous and intermittent theta burst stimulation to the visual cortex do not alter GABA and glutamate concentrations measured by magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Brain Behav 2022; 12:e2478. [PMID: 35029058 PMCID: PMC8865152 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Theta burst stimulation (TBS), a form of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), uses repeated high-frequency bursts to non-invasively modulate neural processes in the brain. An intermittent TBS (iTBS) protocol is generally considered "excitatory," while continuous TBS (cTBS) is considered "inhibitory." However, the majority of work that has led to these effects being associated with the respective protocols has been done in the motor cortex, and it is well established that TMS can have variable effects across the brain. OBJECTIVES AND METHOD We investigated the effects of iTBS and cTBS to the primary visual cortex (V1) on composite levels of gamma-aminobutyric acid + co-edited macromolecules (GABA+) and glutamate + glutamine (Glx) since these are key inhibitory and excitatory neurotransmitters, respectively. Participants received a single session of cTBS, iTBS, or sham TBS to V1. GABA+ and Glx were quantified in vivo at the stimulation site using spectral-edited proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1 H-MRS) at 3T. Baseline pre-TBS GABA+ and Glx levels were compared to immediate post-TBS and 1 h post-TBS levels. RESULTS There were no significant changes in GABA+ or Glx following either of the TBS conditions. Visual cortical excitability, measured using phosphene thresholds, remained unchanged following both cTBS and iTBS conditions. There was no relationship between excitability thresholds and GABA+ or Glx levels. However, TBS did alter the relationship between GABA+ and Glx for up to 1 h following stimulation. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate that a single session of TBS to the visual cortex can be used without significant effects on the tonic levels of these key neurotransmitters; and add to our understanding that TBS has differential effects at visual, motor, and frontal cortices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karlene S Stoby
- Centre for Vision Research and Department of Psychology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sara A Rafique
- Centre for Vision Research and Department of Psychology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Georg Oeltzschner
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jennifer K E Steeves
- Centre for Vision Research and Department of Psychology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
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11
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Porges EC, Jensen G, Foster B, Edden RAE, Puts NAJ. The trajectory of cortical GABA across the lifespan, an individual participant data meta-analysis of edited MRS studies. eLife 2021; 10:e62575. [PMID: 34061022 PMCID: PMC8225386 DOI: 10.7554/elife.62575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the principal inhibitory neurotransmitter in the human brain and can be measured with magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). Conflicting accounts report decreases and increases in cortical GABA levels across the lifespan. This incompatibility may be an artifact of the size and age range of the samples utilized in these studies. No single study to date has included the entire lifespan. In this study, eight suitable datasets were integrated to generate a model of the trajectory of frontal GABA estimates (as reported through edited MRS; both expressed as ratios and in institutional units) across the lifespan. Data were fit using both a log-normal curve and a nonparametric spline as regression models using a multi-level Bayesian model utilizing the Stan language. Integrated data show that an asymmetric lifespan trajectory of frontal GABA measures involves an early period of increase, followed by a period of stability during early adulthood, with a gradual decrease during adulthood and aging that is described well by both spline and log-normal models. The information gained will provide a general framework to inform expectations of future studies based on the age of the population being studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric C Porges
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, University of FloridaGainesvilleUnited States
- McKnight Brain Research Foundation, University of FloridaUnited StatesUnited States
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of FloridaGainesvilleUnited States
| | - Greg Jensen
- Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
- Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia UniversityNew YorkUnited States
| | - Brent Foster
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, University of FloridaGainesvilleUnited States
- McKnight Brain Research Foundation, University of FloridaUnited StatesUnited States
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of FloridaGainesvilleUnited States
| | - Richard AE Edden
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger InstituteBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Nicolaas AJ Puts
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger InstituteBaltimoreUnited States
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King’s College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
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12
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McGee KP, Hwang KP, Sullivan DC, Kurhanewicz J, Hu Y, Wang J, Li W, Debbins J, Paulson E, Olsen JR, Hua CH, Warner L, Ma D, Moros E, Tyagi N, Chung C. Magnetic resonance biomarkers in radiation oncology: The report of AAPM Task Group 294. Med Phys 2021; 48:e697-e732. [PMID: 33864283 PMCID: PMC8361924 DOI: 10.1002/mp.14884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A magnetic resonance (MR) biologic marker (biomarker) is a measurable quantitative characteristic that is an indicator of normal biological and pathogenetic processes or a response to therapeutic intervention derived from the MR imaging process. There is significant potential for MR biomarkers to facilitate personalized approaches to cancer care through more precise disease targeting by quantifying normal versus pathologic tissue function as well as toxicity to both radiation and chemotherapy. Both of which have the potential to increase the therapeutic ratio and provide earlier, more accurate monitoring of treatment response. The ongoing integration of MR into routine clinical radiation therapy (RT) planning and the development of MR guided radiation therapy systems is providing new opportunities for MR biomarkers to personalize and improve clinical outcomes. Their appropriate use, however, must be based on knowledge of the physical origin of the biomarker signal, the relationship to the underlying biological processes, and their strengths and limitations. The purpose of this report is to provide an educational resource describing MR biomarkers, the techniques used to quantify them, their strengths and weakness within the context of their application to radiation oncology so as to ensure their appropriate use and application within this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiaran P McGee
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Ken-Pin Hwang
- Department of Imaging Physics, Division of Diagnostic Imaging, MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Daniel C Sullivan
- Department of Radiology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - John Kurhanewicz
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Yanle Hu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA
| | - Jihong Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Josef Debbins
- Department of Radiology, Barrow Neurologic Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Eric Paulson
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Olsen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado Denver - Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Chia-Ho Hua
- Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | | | - Daniel Ma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Eduardo Moros
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Neelam Tyagi
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Caroline Chung
- Department of Radiation Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, Texas, USA
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13
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Near J, Harris AD, Juchem C, Kreis R, Marjańska M, Öz G, Slotboom J, Wilson M, Gasparovic C. Preprocessing, analysis and quantification in single-voxel magnetic resonance spectroscopy: experts' consensus recommendations. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2021; 34:e4257. [PMID: 32084297 PMCID: PMC7442593 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Once an MRS dataset has been acquired, several important steps must be taken to obtain the desired metabolite concentration measures. First, the data must be preprocessed to prepare them for analysis. Next, the intensity of the metabolite signal(s) of interest must be estimated. Finally, the measured metabolite signal intensities must be converted into scaled concentration units employing a quantitative reference signal to allow meaningful interpretation. In this paper, we review these three main steps in the post-acquisition workflow of a single-voxel MRS experiment (preprocessing, analysis and quantification) and provide recommendations for best practices at each step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie Near
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute and Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, Canada
| | - Ashley D. Harris
- Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, Canada
| | - Christoph Juchem
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York NY, USA
| | - Roland Kreis
- Departments of Radiology and Biomedical Research, University Bern, Switzerland
| | - Małgorzata Marjańska
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis MN, USA
| | - Gülin Öz
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis MN, USA
| | - Johannes Slotboom
- Support Center for Advanced Neuroimaging (SCAN), Neuroradiology, University Hospital Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Martin Wilson
- Centre for Human Brain Health and School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, England
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14
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Wisnowski JL, Bluml S, Panigrahy A, Mathur AM, Berman J, Chen PSK, Dix J, Flynn T, Fricke S, Friedman SD, Head HW, Ho CY, Kline-Fath B, Oveson M, Patterson R, Pruthi S, Rollins N, Ramos YM, Rampton J, Rusin J, Shaw DW, Smith M, Tkach J, Vasanawala S, Vossough A, Whitehead MT, Xu D, Yeom K, Comstock B, Heagerty PJ, Juul SE, Wu YW, McKinstry RC. Integrating neuroimaging biomarkers into the multicentre, high-dose erythropoietin for asphyxia and encephalopathy (HEAL) trial: rationale, protocol and harmonisation. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e043852. [PMID: 33888528 PMCID: PMC8070884 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-043852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION MRI and MR spectroscopy (MRS) provide early biomarkers of brain injury and treatment response in neonates with hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy). Still, there are challenges to incorporating neuroimaging biomarkers into multisite randomised controlled trials. In this paper, we provide the rationale for incorporating MRI and MRS biomarkers into the multisite, phase III high-dose erythropoietin for asphyxia and encephalopathy (HEAL) Trial, the MRI/S protocol and describe the strategies used for harmonisation across multiple MRI platforms. METHODS AND ANALYSIS Neonates with moderate or severe encephalopathy enrolled in the multisite HEAL trial undergo MRI and MRS between 96 and 144 hours of age using standardised neuroimaging protocols. MRI and MRS data are processed centrally and used to determine a brain injury score and quantitative measures of lactate and n-acetylaspartate. Harmonisation is achieved through standardisation-thereby reducing intrasite and intersite variance, real-time quality assurance monitoring and phantom scans. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION IRB approval was obtained at each participating site and written consent obtained from parents prior to participation in HEAL. Additional oversight is provided by an National Institutes of Health-appointed data safety monitoring board and medical monitor. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT02811263; Pre-result.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Wisnowski
- Radiology, Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles Division of Neonatology, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Stefan Bluml
- Radiology, Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Ashok Panigrahy
- Radiology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Amit M Mathur
- Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, SSM Health Cardinal Glennon Children's Hospital, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
- Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Jeffrey Berman
- Radiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - James Dix
- Radiology, Methodist Children's Hospital, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Trevor Flynn
- Radiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Stanley Fricke
- Radiology, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
- Radiology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Seth D Friedman
- Radiology, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Hayden W Head
- Radiology, Cook Children's Medical Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Chang Y Ho
- Radiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Beth Kline-Fath
- Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Michael Oveson
- Radiology, Primary Children's Hospital, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Richard Patterson
- Radiology, Children's Hospitals and Clinics of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Sumit Pruthi
- Radiology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Nancy Rollins
- Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Yanerys M Ramos
- Radiology, Children's Hospitals and Clinics of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - John Rampton
- Radiology, Primary Children's Hospital, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Jerome Rusin
- Radiology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Dennis W Shaw
- Radiology, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Mark Smith
- Radiology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Jean Tkach
- Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Arastoo Vossough
- Radiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Matthew T Whitehead
- Radiology, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Duan Xu
- Radiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Kristen Yeom
- Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Bryan Comstock
- Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Patrick J Heagerty
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Sandra E Juul
- Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Yvonne W Wu
- Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Robert C McKinstry
- Radiology, St. Louis Children's Hospital and Washington University, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
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15
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Ma J, Chen J, Reed GD, Hackett EP, Harrison CE, Ratnakar J, Schulte RF, Zaha VG, Malloy CR, Park JM. Cardiac T 2 ∗ measurement of hyperpolarized 13 C metabolites using metabolite-selective multi-echo spiral imaging. Magn Reson Med 2021; 86:1494-1504. [PMID: 33821504 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Noninvasive imaging with hyperpolarized (HP) pyruvate can capture in vivo cardiac metabolism. For proper quantification of the metabolites and optimization of imaging parameters, understanding MR characteristics such as T 2 ∗ s of the HP signals is critical. This study is to measure in vivo cardiac T 2 ∗ s of HP [1-13 C]pyruvate and the products in rodents and humans. METHODS A dynamic 13 C multi-echo spiral imaging sequence that acquires [13 C]bicarbonate, [1-13 C]lactate, and [1-13 C]pyruvate images in an interleaved manner was implemented for a clinical 3 Tesla system. T 2 ∗ of each metabolite was calculated from the multi-echo images by fitting the signal decay of each region of interest mono-exponentially. The performance of measuring T 2 ∗ using the sequence was first validated using a 13 C phantom and then with rodents following a bolus injection of HP [1-13 C]pyruvate. In humans, T 2 ∗ of each metabolite was calculated for left ventricle, right ventricle, and myocardium. RESULTS Cardiac T 2 ∗ s of HP [1-13 C]pyruvate, [1-13 C]lactate, and [13 C]bicarbonate in rodents were measured as 24.9 ± 5.0, 16.4 ± 4.7, and 16.9 ± 3.4 ms, respectively. In humans, T 2 ∗ of [1-13 C]pyruvate was 108.7 ± 22.6 ms in left ventricle and 129.4 ± 8.9 ms in right ventricle. T 2 ∗ of [1-13 C]lactate was 40.9 ± 8.3, 44.2 ± 5.5, and 43.7 ± 9.0 ms in left ventricle, right ventricle, and myocardium, respectively. T 2 ∗ of [13 C]bicarbonate in myocardium was 64.4 ± 2.5 ms. The measurements were reproducible and consistent over time after the pyruvate injection. CONCLUSION The proposed metabolite-selective multi-echo spiral imaging sequence reliably measures in vivo cardiac T 2 ∗ s of HP [1-13 C]pyruvate and products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Ma
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Jun Chen
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | | | - Edward P Hackett
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Crystal E Harrison
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - James Ratnakar
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | | | - Vlad G Zaha
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.,Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Craig R Malloy
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.,Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.,Radiology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Jae Mo Park
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.,Radiology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.,Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas, USA
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16
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Manzhurtsev A, Menschchikov P, Yakovlev A, Ublinskiy M, Bozhko O, Kupriyanov D, Akhadov T, Varfolomeev S, Semenova N. 3T MEGA-PRESS study of N-acetyl aspartyl glutamate and N-acetyl aspartate in activated visual cortex. MAGNETIC RESONANCE MATERIALS IN PHYSICS BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2021; 34:555-568. [PMID: 33591453 DOI: 10.1007/s10334-021-00912-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To measure N-acetyl aspartyl glutamate (NAAG) and N-acetyl aspartate (NAA) concentrations in visual cortex activated by a continuous stimulation in a 3 T field. METHODS NAAG and NAA spectra were obtained with MEGA-PRESS pulse sequence (TE/TR = 140/2000 ms; δONNAAG/δOFFNAAG = 4.61/4.15 ppm; δONNAA/δOFFNAA = 4.84/4.38 ppm) in 14 healthy volunteers at rest and upon stimulation by a radial checkerboard flickering at a frequency of 8 Hz. Spectra of all subjects were frequency and phase aligned and then averaged. Additionally, to obtain the time-dependency data, spectra were divided into time sections of 64 s each. The intensities of NAA, NAAG and lactate + macromolecular (Lac + MM) signals were defined by integration of the real part of spectra. The heights of the central resonance of NAAG and NAA signals were measured. RESULTS The NAAG and NAA concentrations, measured with 2.5% and 0.5% error, respectively, were unaffected by visual activation. A significant increase in the Lac + MM signal by ~ 12% is clearly observed. No stimulation-induced time dependency was found for NAAG or NAA, while the increase in Lac + MM was gradual. The concentration values in visual cortex are in good agreement with the 7 T MRS measurements: [NAAG] = 1.55 mM, [NAA] = 11.95 mM. CONCLUSION The MEGA-PRESS pulse sequence together with the spectral preprocessing techniques allowed to demonstrate that the concentrations of NAAG and NAA in the visual cortex remain constant during continuous visual stimulation within the margin of error. An increase in the lactate signal intensity signifies the activation of the anaerobic glycolysis in activated visual cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei Manzhurtsev
- Clinical and Research Institute of Emergency Pediatric Surgery and Trauma, Bol´shaya Polyanka St. 22, 119180, Moscow, Russian Federation. .,Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygina St. 4, 119334, Moscow, Russian Federation. .,Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory st., 1, 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - Petr Menschchikov
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygina St. 4, 119334, Moscow, Russian Federation.,LLC Philips Healthcare, 13, Sergeya Makeeva St., 123022, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Alexei Yakovlev
- Clinical and Research Institute of Emergency Pediatric Surgery and Trauma, Bol´shaya Polyanka St. 22, 119180, Moscow, Russian Federation.,Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygina St. 4, 119334, Moscow, Russian Federation.,Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygina St. 4, 119334, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Maxim Ublinskiy
- Clinical and Research Institute of Emergency Pediatric Surgery and Trauma, Bol´shaya Polyanka St. 22, 119180, Moscow, Russian Federation.,Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygina St. 4, 119334, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Olga Bozhko
- Clinical and Research Institute of Emergency Pediatric Surgery and Trauma, Bol´shaya Polyanka St. 22, 119180, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitrii Kupriyanov
- LLC Philips Healthcare, 13, Sergeya Makeeva St., 123022, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Tolib Akhadov
- Clinical and Research Institute of Emergency Pediatric Surgery and Trauma, Bol´shaya Polyanka St. 22, 119180, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Sergei Varfolomeev
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygina St. 4, 119334, Moscow, Russian Federation.,Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory st., 1, 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Natalia Semenova
- Clinical and Research Institute of Emergency Pediatric Surgery and Trauma, Bol´shaya Polyanka St. 22, 119180, Moscow, Russian Federation.,Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygina St. 4, 119334, Moscow, Russian Federation.,Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory st., 1, 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation.,Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygina St. 4, 119334, Moscow, Russian Federation
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17
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Abstract
An imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission has been linked to fibromyalgia (FM). Magnetic resonance spectroscopy has shown increased levels of glutamate in the insula and posterior cingulate cortex in FM as well as reduced insular levels of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Both of these changes have been associated with increased pain sensitivity. However, it is not clear whether excitatory and/or inhibitory neurotransmission is altered across the brain. Therefore, the aim of this study was to quantify GABAA receptor concentration on the whole brain level in FM to investigate a potential dysregulation of the GABAergic system. Fifty-one postmenopausal women (26 FM, 25 matched controls) underwent assessments of pain sensitivity, attention and memory, psychological status and function, as well as positron emission tomography imaging using a tracer for GABAA receptors, [F]flumazenil. Patients showed increased pain sensitivity, impaired immediate memory, and increased cortical GABAA receptor concentration in the attention and default-mode networks. No decrease of GABAA receptor concentration was observed. Across the 2 groups, GABAA receptor concentration correlated positively with functional scores and current pain in areas overlapping with regions of increased GABAA receptor concentration. This study shows increased GABAA receptor concentration in FM, associated with pain symptoms and impaired function. The changes were widespread and not restricted to pain-processing regions. These findings suggest that the GABAergic system is altered, possibly indicating an imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission. Future studies should try to understand the nature of the dysregulation of the GABAergic system in FM and in other pain syndromes.
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18
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Biria M, Cantonas LM, Banca P. Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) and Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Imaging in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. Curr Top Behav Neurosci 2021; 49:231-268. [PMID: 33751502 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2020_201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterised by structural and functional deficits in the cortico-striato-thalamic-cortical (CSTC) circuitry and abnormal neurochemical changes are thought to modulate these deficits. The hypothesis that an imbalanced concentration of the brain neurotransmitters, in particular glutamate (Glu) and gamma-amino-butyric acid (GABA), could impair the normal functioning of the CSTC, thus leading to OCD symptoms, has been tested in humans using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and positron emission tomography (PET). This chapter summarises these neurochemical findings and represents an attempt to condense such scattered literature. We also discuss potential challenges in the field that may explain the inconsistent findings and suggest ways to overcome them. There is some convergent research from MRS pointing towards abnormalities in the brain concentration of neurometabolite markers of neuronal integrity, such as N-acetylaspartate (NAA) and choline (Cho). Lower NAA levels have been found in dorsal and rostral ACC of OCD patients (as compared to healthy volunteers), which increase after CBT and SSRI treatment, and higher Cho concentration has been reported in the thalamus of the OCD brain. However, findings for other neurometabolites are very inconsistent. Studies have reported abnormalities in the concentrations of creatine (Cr), GABA, glutamate (Glu), glutamine (Gln), Ins (myo-inositol), and serotonin (5-HT), but most of the results were not replicated. The question remains whether the NAA and Cho findings are genuinely the only neurochemical abnormalities in OCD or whether the lack of consistent findings for the other neurometabolites is caused by the lower magnetic field (1-3 Tesla (T)) used by the studies conducted so far, their small sample sizes or a lack of proper control for medication effects. To answer these questions and to further inform the biological underpinning of the symptoms and the cognitive problems at the basis of OCD we need better controlled studies using clear medicated vs unmedicated groups, larger sample sizes, stronger magnetic fields (e.g. at 7 T), and more consistency in the definition of the regions of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjan Biria
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | | | - Paula Banca
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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19
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Sung D, Risk BB, Owusu‐Ansah M, Zhong X, Mao H, Fleischer CC. Optimized truncation to integrate multi-channel MRS data using rank-R singular value decomposition. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2020; 33:e4297. [PMID: 32249522 PMCID: PMC7317403 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Multi-channel phased receive arrays have been widely adopted for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and spectroscopy (MRS). An important step in the use of receive arrays for MRS is the combination of spectra collected from individual coil channels. The goal of this work was to implement an improved strategy termed OpTIMUS (i.e., optimized truncation to integrate multi-channel MRS data using rank-R singular value decomposition) for combining data from individual channels. OpTIMUS relies on spectral windowing coupled with a rank-R decomposition to calculate the optimal coil channel weights. MRS data acquired from a brain spectroscopy phantom and 11 healthy volunteers were first processed using a whitening transformation to remove correlated noise. Whitened spectra were then iteratively windowed or truncated, followed by a rank-R singular value decomposition (SVD) to empirically determine the coil channel weights. Spectra combined using the vendor-supplied method, signal/noise2 weighting, previously reported whitened SVD (rank-1), and OpTIMUS were evaluated using the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Significant increases in SNR ranging from 6% to 33% (P ≤ 0.05) were observed for brain MRS data combined with OpTIMUS compared with the three other combination algorithms. The assumption that a rank-1 SVD maximizes SNR was tested empirically, and a higher rank-R decomposition, combined with spectral windowing prior to SVD, resulted in increased SNR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongsuk Sung
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringGeorgia Institute of Technology and Emory University School of MedicineAtlantaGeorgia
| | - Benjamin B. Risk
- Department of Biostatistics and BioinformaticsEmory UniversityAtlantaGeorgia
| | - Maame Owusu‐Ansah
- Department of Radiology and Imaging SciencesEmory University School of MedicineAtlantaGeorgia
| | - Xiaodong Zhong
- MR R&D Collaborations, Siemens HealthcareLos AngelesCalifornia
| | - Hui Mao
- Department of Radiology and Imaging SciencesEmory University School of MedicineAtlantaGeorgia
| | - Candace C. Fleischer
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringGeorgia Institute of Technology and Emory University School of MedicineAtlantaGeorgia
- Department of Radiology and Imaging SciencesEmory University School of MedicineAtlantaGeorgia
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20
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Joe E, Medina LD, Ringman JM, O'Neill J. 1H MRS spectroscopy in preclinical autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease. Brain Imaging Behav 2020; 13:925-932. [PMID: 29907927 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-018-9913-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) can reveal changes in brain biochemistry in vivo in humans and has been applied to late onset Alzheimer disease (AD). Carriers of mutations for autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease (ADAD) may show changes in levels of metabolites prior to the onset of clinical symptoms. Proton MR spectra were acquired at 1.5 T for 16 cognitively asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic mutation carriers (CDR < 1) and 11 non-carriers as part of a comprehensive cross-sectional study of preclinical ADAD. Levels of N-acetyl-aspartate+N-acetyl-aspartyl-glutamate (NAA), glutamate/glutamine (Glx), creatine/phosphocreate (Cr), choline (Cho), and myo-inositol (mI) in the left and right anterior cingulate and midline posterior cingulate and precuneus were compared between mutation carriers (MCs) and non-carriers (NCs) using multivariate analysis of variance with age as a covariate. Among MCs, correlations between metabolite levels and time until expected age of dementia diagnosis were calculated. MCs had significantly lower levels of NAA and Glx in the left pregenual anterior cingulate cortex, and lower levels of NAA and higher levels of mI and Cho in the precuneus compared to NCs. Increased levels of mI were seen in these regions in association with increased proximity to expected age of dementia onset. MRS shows effects of ADAD similar to those seen in late onset AD even during the preclinical period including lower levels of NAA and higher levels of mI. These indices of neuronal and glial dysfunction might serve as surrogate outcome measures in prevention studies of putative disease-modifying agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Joe
- Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Keck School of Medicine, Univeristy of Southern California, Center for Health Professions, 1540 Alcazar Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
| | - Luis D Medina
- Easton Center for Alzheimer's Disease Research, University of California, Los Angeles, 710 Westwood Plaza, Room C-224, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine, 12631 E. 17th Ave., C307, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - John M Ringman
- Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Keck School of Medicine, Univeristy of Southern California, Center for Health Professions, 1540 Alcazar Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.,Easton Center for Alzheimer's Disease Research, University of California, Los Angeles, 710 Westwood Plaza, Room C-224, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Joseph O'Neill
- Division of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Semel Institute For Neuroscience, University of California, Los Angeles, 760 Westwood Plaza, 58-227, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
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21
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Vike N, Tang J, Talavage T, Shi R, Rispoli J. Determination of acrolein-associated T 1 and T 2 relaxation times and noninvasive detection using nuclear magnetic resonance and magnetic resonance spectroscopy. APPLIED MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2019; 50:1291-1303. [PMID: 32051668 PMCID: PMC7015257 DOI: 10.1007/s00723-019-01148-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
An estimated 3.3 million people are living with a traumatic brain injury (TBI)-associated morbidity. Currently, only invasive and sacrificial methods exist to study neurochemical alterations following TBI. Nuclear magnetic resonance methods-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and spectroscopy (MRS)-are powerful tools which may be used non-invasively to diagnose a range of medical issues. These methods can be utilized to explore brain functionality, connectivity, and biochemistry. Unfortunately, many of the commonly studied brain metabolites (e.g., N-acetyl-aspartate, choline, creatine) remain relatively stable following mild to moderate TBI and may not be suitable for longitudinal assessment of injury severity and location. Therefore, a critical need exists to investigate alternative biomarkers of TBI, such as acrolein. Acrolein is a byproduct of lipid peroxidation and accumulates following damage to neuronal tissue. Acrolein has been shown to increase in post-mortem rat brain tissue following TBI. However, no methods exist to noninvasively quantify acrolein in vivo. Currently, we have characterized the T1 and T2 of acrolein via NMR saturation recovery and Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill experiments, accordingly, to maximize the signal-to-noise ratio of acrolein obtained with MRS. Additionally, we have quantified acrolein in water and whole-brain phantom using PRESS MRS and standard post-processing methods. With this potential novel biomarker for assessing TBI, we can investigate methods for predicting acute and chronic neurological dysfunction in humans and animal models. By quantifying and localizing acrolein with MRS, and investigating neurological outcomes associated with in vivo measures, patient-specific interventions could be developed to decrease TBI-associated morbidity and improve quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Vike
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Jonathan Tang
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Thomas Talavage
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Riyi Shi
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Joseph Rispoli
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
- Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
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22
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Ajram LA, Pereira AC, Durieux AMS, Velthius HE, Petrinovic MM, McAlonan GM. The contribution of [1H] magnetic resonance spectroscopy to the study of excitation-inhibition in autism. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2019; 89:236-244. [PMID: 30248378 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2018.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) affects over 1:100 of the population and costs the UK more than £32bn and the USA more than $175bn (£104bn) annually. Its core symptoms are social and communication difficulties, repetitive behaviours and sensory hyper- or hypo-sensitivities. A highly diverse phenotypic presentation likely reflects its etiological heterogeneity and makes finding treatment targets for ASD challenging. In addition, there are no means to identify biologically responsive individuals who may benefit from specific interventions. There is hope however, and in this review we consolidate how findings from magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) add to the evidence that differences in the brain's excitatory glutamate and inhibitory γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) balance may be both a key biomarker and a tractable treatment target in ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A Ajram
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, 16 De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK; Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, 16 De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Andreia C Pereira
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, 16 De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK; Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, 16 De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK; CIBIT - Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research, Faculty of Medicine, ICNAS - Institute of Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health, University of Coimbra, Polo 3, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Alice M S Durieux
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, 16 De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK; Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, 16 De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Hester E Velthius
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, 16 De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Marija M Petrinovic
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, 16 De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK; Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, 16 De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK.
| | - Grainne M McAlonan
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, 16 De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK; Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, 16 De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK.
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23
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Mikkelsen M, Rimbault DL, Barker PB, Bhattacharyya PK, Brix MK, Buur PF, Cecil KM, Chan KL, Chen DYT, Craven AR, Cuypers K, Dacko M, Duncan NW, Dydak U, Edmondson DA, Ende G, Ersland L, Forbes MA, Gao F, Greenhouse I, Harris AD, He N, Heba S, Hoggard N, Hsu TW, Jansen JFA, Kangarlu A, Lange T, Lebel RM, Li Y, Lin CYE, Liou JK, Lirng JF, Liu F, Long JR, Ma R, Maes C, Moreno-Ortega M, Murray SO, Noah S, Noeske R, Noseworthy MD, Oeltzschner G, Porges EC, Prisciandaro JJ, Puts NAJ, Roberts TPL, Sack M, Sailasuta N, Saleh MG, Schallmo MP, Simard N, Stoffers D, Swinnen SP, Tegenthoff M, Truong P, Wang G, Wilkinson ID, Wittsack HJ, Woods AJ, Xu H, Yan F, Zhang C, Zipunnikov V, Zöllner HJ, Edden RAE. Big GABA II: Water-referenced edited MR spectroscopy at 25 research sites. Neuroimage 2019; 191:537-548. [PMID: 30840905 PMCID: PMC6818968 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.02.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Accurate and reliable quantification of brain metabolites measured in vivo using 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is a topic of continued interest. Aside from differences in the basic approach to quantification, the quantification of metabolite data acquired at different sites and on different platforms poses an additional methodological challenge. In this study, spectrally edited γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) MRS data were analyzed and GABA levels were quantified relative to an internal tissue water reference. Data from 284 volunteers scanned across 25 research sites were collected using GABA+ (GABA + co-edited macromolecules (MM)) and MM-suppressed GABA editing. The unsuppressed water signal from the volume of interest was acquired for concentration referencing. Whole-brain T1-weighted structural images were acquired and segmented to determine gray matter, white matter and cerebrospinal fluid voxel tissue fractions. Water-referenced GABA measurements were fully corrected for tissue-dependent signal relaxation and water visibility effects. The cohort-wide coefficient of variation was 17% for the GABA + data and 29% for the MM-suppressed GABA data. The mean within-site coefficient of variation was 10% for the GABA + data and 19% for the MM-suppressed GABA data. Vendor differences contributed 53% to the total variance in the GABA + data, while the remaining variance was attributed to site- (11%) and participant-level (36%) effects. For the MM-suppressed data, 54% of the variance was attributed to site differences, while the remaining 46% was attributed to participant differences. Results from an exploratory analysis suggested that the vendor differences were related to the unsuppressed water signal acquisition. Discounting the observed vendor-specific effects, water-referenced GABA measurements exhibit similar levels of variance to creatine-referenced GABA measurements. It is concluded that quantification using internal tissue water referencing is a viable and reliable method for the quantification of in vivo GABA levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Mikkelsen
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Daniel L Rimbault
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Peter B Barker
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Pallab K Bhattacharyya
- Imaging Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA; Radiology, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Maiken K Brix
- Department of Radiology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Pieter F Buur
- Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Kim M Cecil
- Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Kimberly L Chan
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - David Y-T Chen
- Department of Radiology, Taipei Medical University Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Alexander R Craven
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; NORMENT - Norwegian Center for Mental Disorders Research, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Koen Cuypers
- Movement Control & Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, Group of Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; REVAL Rehabilitation Research Center, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Michael Dacko
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Niall W Duncan
- Brain and Consciousness Research Centre, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ulrike Dydak
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA; Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - David A Edmondson
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA; Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Gabriele Ende
- Department of Neuroimaging, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Lars Ersland
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; NORMENT - Norwegian Center for Mental Disorders Research, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Department of Clinical Engineering, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Megan A Forbes
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Fei Gao
- Shandong Medical Imaging Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ian Greenhouse
- Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
| | - Ashley D Harris
- Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Naying He
- Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Stefanie Heba
- Department of Neurology, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Bochum, Germany
| | - Nigel Hoggard
- Academic Unit of Radiology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Tun-Wei Hsu
- Department of Radiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jacobus F A Jansen
- Department of Radiology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Alayar Kangarlu
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Thomas Lange
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Yan Li
- Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Jy-Kang Liou
- Department of Radiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jiing-Feng Lirng
- Department of Radiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Feng Liu
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joanna R Long
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Ruoyun Ma
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA; Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Celine Maes
- Movement Control & Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, Group of Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Scott O Murray
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sean Noah
- Center for Mind and Brain, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | | | - Michael D Noseworthy
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Georg Oeltzschner
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Eric C Porges
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - James J Prisciandaro
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Nicolaas A J Puts
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Timothy P L Roberts
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Markus Sack
- Department of Neuroimaging, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Napapon Sailasuta
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Muhammad G Saleh
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michael-Paul Schallmo
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Nicholas Simard
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | | | - Stephan P Swinnen
- Movement Control & Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, Group of Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Martin Tegenthoff
- Department of Neurology, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Bochum, Germany
| | - Peter Truong
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Guangbin Wang
- Shandong Medical Imaging Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Iain D Wilkinson
- Academic Unit of Radiology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Hans-Jörg Wittsack
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Adam J Woods
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Hongmin Xu
- Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fuhua Yan
- Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chencheng Zhang
- Department of Functional Neurosurgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Vadim Zipunnikov
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Helge J Zöllner
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Duesseldorf, Germany; Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Richard A E Edden
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
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24
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Tumati S, Opmeer EM, Marsman JBC, Martens S, Reesink FE, De Deyn PP, Aleman A. Lower Choline and Myo-Inositol in Temporo-Parietal Cortex Is Associated With Apathy in Amnestic MCI. Front Aging Neurosci 2018; 10:106. [PMID: 29706886 PMCID: PMC5909116 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Apathy is a common symptom in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and is associated with an increased risk of progression to Alzheimer's disease (AD). The neural substrates underlying apathy in aMCI may involve multiple brain regions, including the anterior cingulate cortex and the temporo-parietal region. Here we investigated neurometabolites in brain regions that may underlie apathy in aMCI patients using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS). Twenty-eight aMCI patients with varying degrees of apathy and 20 matched controls underwent 1H-MRS. Spectra were acquired from single voxels in the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (DACC), right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), and right temporo-parietal cortex (TPC). Apathy was measured with the Apathy Evaluation Scale (AES). Spearman partial correlations between metabolite concentrations in each region and severity of apathy were determined. Additionally, analyses of covariance (ANCOVA) were performed to determine whether metabolite changes differed between patients with or without clinically-diagnosed apathy. The degree of apathy was found to be negatively correlated with choline and myo-inositol (mI) in the TPC. Additional exploratory analyses suggested that N-acetylaspartate (NAA)/mI ratio was reduced in aMCI without clinical apathy but not in aMCI with clinical apathy. In the DACC, glutamate and glutamine (Glx) levels tended to be higher in the aMCI with apathy group compared to controls and reduced in association with depression scores. In conclusion, apathy in aMCI patients was associated with neurometabolite changes indicative of altered membranal integrity and glial function in the right TPC. Findings also indicated that in a clinically-diagnosed aMCI cohort, apathy symptoms may be suggestive of neural changes that are distinct from aMCI without apathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shankar Tumati
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.,Mind, Brain Imaging and Neuroethics Research Unit, Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa; Royal Ottawa Mental Health Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Esther M Opmeer
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Jan-Bernard C Marsman
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Sander Martens
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Fransje E Reesink
- Department of Neurology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Peter P De Deyn
- Department of Neurology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.,Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Behavior, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - André Aleman
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.,Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
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25
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Medial Frontal Lobe Neurochemistry in Autism Spectrum Disorder is Marked by Reduced N-Acetylaspartate and Unchanged Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid and Glutamate + Glutamine Levels. J Autism Dev Disord 2017; 48:1467-1482. [PMID: 29177616 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-017-3406-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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26
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Zoelch N, Hock A, Heinzer-Schweizer S, Avdievitch N, Henning A. Accurate determination of brain metabolite concentrations using ERETIC as external reference. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2017; 30:e3731. [PMID: 28543787 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.3731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Revised: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) can provide in vivo metabolite concentrations in standard concentration units if a reliable reference signal is available. For 1 H MRS in the human brain, typically the signal from the tissue water is used as the (internal) reference signal. However, a concentration determination based on the tissue water signal most often requires a reliable estimate of the water concentration present in the investigated tissue. Especially in clinically interesting cases, this estimation might be difficult. To avoid assumptions about the water in the investigated tissue, the Electric REference To access In vivo Concentrations (ERETIC) method has been proposed. In this approach, the metabolite signal is compared with a reference signal acquired in a phantom and potential coil-loading differences are corrected using a synthetic reference signal. The aim of this study, conducted with a transceiver quadrature head coil, was to increase the accuracy of the ERETIC method by correcting the influence of spatial B1 inhomogeneities and to simplify the quantification with ERETIC by incorporating an automatic phase correction for the ERETIC signal. Transmit field ( B1+) differences are minimized with a volume-selective power optimization, whereas reception sensitivity changes are corrected using contrast-minimized images of the brain and by adapting the voxel location in the phantom measurement closely to the position measured in vivo. By applying the proposed B1 correction scheme, the mean metabolite concentrations determined with ERETIC in 21 healthy subjects at three different positions agree with concentrations derived with the tissue water signal as reference. In addition, brain water concentrations determined with ERETIC were in agreement with estimations derived using tissue segmentation and literature values for relative water densities. Based on the results, the ERETIC method presented here is a valid tool to derive in vivo metabolite concentration, with potential advantages compared with internal water referencing in diseased tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklaus Zoelch
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Hospital of Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Hock
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Hospital of Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Anke Henning
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Max Plank Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tuebingen, Germany
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27
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Enrico P, Diana M. On the Accuracy of In Vivo Ethanol and Acetaldehyde Monitoring, a Key Tile in the Puzzle of Acetaldehyde as a Neuroactive Agent. Front Behav Neurosci 2017; 11:97. [PMID: 28611604 PMCID: PMC5447755 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2017.00097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last 20 years researchers have explored the postulated role of acetaldehyde (ACD) as a mediator of some of the actions of ethanol (EtOH) in the central nervous system (CNS). However, efforts have been hampered mainly by the difficulty of directly measuring in vivo EtOH and ACD levels in the CNS and thus, our knowledge is based on indirect evidences. Although technically challenging, the development of reliable methods for in vivo measurement of ACD and EtOH is of paramount importance to solve the “puzzle of acetaldehyde as a neuroactive agent.” In this short review we discuss the recent advances on brain EtOH pharmacokinetic and state-of-the-art available techniques that could be used for in vivo detect EtOH and ACD both non-invasively (magnetic resonance spectroscopy), and invasively (microdialysis and biosensors). Among the different in vivo sampling techniques described, particular emphasis is paid to the field of enzyme-based amperometric biosensors. Biosensors have gained much attention in recent years for their ability to online monitor biological signals in vivo, and several micro- and nano-structured devices have been successfully used for in vivo studies. Owing to their high temporal and spatial resolution, biosensors could provide the adequate technology for studying in vivo EtOH pharmacokinetic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Enrico
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of SassariSassari, Italy
| | - Marco Diana
- 'G. Minardi' Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of SassariSassari, Italy
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28
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Houtepen LC, Schür RR, Wijnen JP, Boer VO, Boks MPM, Kahn RS, Joëls M, Klomp DW, Vinkers CH. Acute stress effects on GABA and glutamate levels in the prefrontal cortex: A 7T 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy study. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2017; 14:195-200. [PMID: 28180078 PMCID: PMC5280001 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
There is ample evidence that the inhibitory GABA and the excitatory glutamate system are essential for an adequate response to stress. Both GABAergic and glutamatergic brain circuits modulate hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA)-axis activity, and stress in turn affects glutamate and GABA levels in the rodent brain. However, studies examining stress-induced GABA and glutamate levels in the human brain are scarce. Therefore, we investigated the influence of acute psychosocial stress (using the Trier Social Stress Test) on glutamate and GABA levels in the medial prefrontal cortex of 29 healthy male individuals using 7 Tesla proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. In vivo GABA and glutamate levels were measured before and 30 min after exposure to either the stress or the control condition. We found no associations between psychosocial stress or cortisol stress reactivity and changes over time in medial prefrontal glutamate and GABA levels. GABA and glutamate levels over time were significantly correlated in the control condition but not in the stress condition, suggesting that very subtle differential effects of stress on GABA and glutamate across individuals may occur. However, overall, acute psychosocial stress does not appear to affect in vivo medial prefrontal GABA and glutamate levels, at least this is not detectable with current practice 1H-MRS. Psychosocial stress did not alter glutamate and GABA levels in the medial prefrontal cortex in healthy male individuals. Moreover, cortisol stress reactivity was not associated with medial prefrontal glutamate and GABA level change over time. Together, acute stress does not seem to affect in vivo medial prefrontal 7T MRI GABA and glutamate levels in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- L C Houtepen
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht (UMCU), Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - R R Schür
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht (UMCU), Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - J P Wijnen
- Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht (UMCU), Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - V O Boer
- Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht (UMCU), Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - M P M Boks
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht (UMCU), Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - R S Kahn
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht (UMCU), Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - M Joëls
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht (UMCU), Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - D W Klomp
- Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht (UMCU), Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - C H Vinkers
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht (UMCU), Utrecht, The Netherlands
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29
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Dokumacı DŞ, Doğan F, Yıldırım A, Boyacı FN, Bozdoğan E, Koca B. Brain metabolite alterations in Eisenmenger syndrome: Evaluation with MR proton spectroscopy. Eur J Radiol 2016; 86:70-75. [PMID: 28027769 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2016.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Revised: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Eisenmenger syndrome (ES) is a life-threatening disease characterized by pulmonary hypertension and cyanosis in patients with congenital heart diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the brain metabolite changes in Eisenmenger syndrome compared with a control group using MR proton spectroscopy. METHODS AND MATERIALS The study included 10 children (3 male, 7 female) with congenital heart diseases and a diagnosis of Eisenmenger syndrome. The control group consisted of 10 healthy volunteer children. All were examined with a 1.5T MRI scanner and single voxel spectroscopy was performed to obtain spectra from three different regions; left frontal subcortical white matter, left lentiform nucleus and left thalamus. Peak integral values obtained from the spectra were used as quantitative data. RESULTS The ages of the children with ES were between 5 and 16 years, and between 5 and 15 years in the control group. Periventricular white matter hyperintensities were observed in 3 patients. On MR spectroscopy study, significantly lower levels of Choline metabolite (Cho) were detected in the frontal subcortical region and thalamus regions of the patients compared with the control group. There was no statistically significant difference between the levels of other metabolites (NAA, Cr, mI and Glx). In the lentiform nucleus, although the average value of Cho in ES patients was lower than that of the control group, it was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION Cho metabolite was determined to have an important role in brain metabolism in Eisenmenger syndrome patients. Oral Cho treatment may help to extend survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilek Şen Dokumacı
- Harran University School of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Sanliurfa, Turkey.
| | - Ferit Doğan
- Children Hospital, Department of Radiology, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Ali Yıldırım
- Children Hospital, Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | | | - Erol Bozdoğan
- Harran University School of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Bülent Koca
- Harran University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Sanliurfa, Turkey
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30
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Mikkelsen M, Singh KD, Brealy JA, Linden DEJ, Evans CJ. Quantification of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in 1 H MRS volumes composed heterogeneously of grey and white matter. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2016; 29:1644-1655. [PMID: 27687518 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.3622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Revised: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The quantification of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) concentration using localised MRS suffers from partial volume effects related to differences in the intrinsic concentration of GABA in grey (GM) and white (WM) matter. These differences can be represented as a ratio between intrinsic GABA in GM and WM: rM . Individual differences in GM tissue volume can therefore potentially drive apparent concentration differences. Here, a quantification method that corrects for these effects is formulated and empirically validated. Quantification using tissue water as an internal concentration reference has been described previously. Partial volume effects attributed to rM can be accounted for by incorporating into this established method an additional multiplicative correction factor based on measured or literature values of rM weighted by the proportion of GM and WM within tissue-segmented MRS volumes. Simulations were performed to test the sensitivity of this correction using different assumptions of rM taken from previous studies. The tissue correction method was then validated by applying it to an independent dataset of in vivo GABA measurements using an empirically measured value of rM . It was shown that incorrect assumptions of rM can lead to overcorrection and inflation of GABA concentration measurements quantified in volumes composed predominantly of WM. For the independent dataset, GABA concentration was linearly related to GM tissue volume when only the water signal was corrected for partial volume effects. Performing a full correction that additionally accounts for partial volume effects ascribed to rM successfully removed this dependence. With an appropriate assumption of the ratio of intrinsic GABA concentration in GM and WM, GABA measurements can be corrected for partial volume effects, potentially leading to a reduction in between-participant variance, increased power in statistical tests and better discriminability of true effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Mikkelsen
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Krish D Singh
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Jennifer A Brealy
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - David E J Linden
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - C John Evans
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
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31
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Wang H, Tan L, Wang HF, Liu Y, Yin RH, Wang WY, Chang XL, Jiang T, Yu JT. Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Alzheimer's Disease: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Alzheimers Dis 2016; 46:1049-70. [PMID: 26402632 DOI: 10.3233/jad-143225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The application of non-invasive proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) could potentially identify changes in cerebral metabolites in the patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, whether these metabolites can serve as biomarkers for the diagnosis of AD remains unclear. OBJECTIVE Using meta-analysis, we aimed to investigate the patterns of cerebral metabolite changes in several cerebral regions that are strongly associated with cognitive decline in AD patients. METHODS Using Hedges' g effect size, a systematic search was performed in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Ovid, Embase, and EBSCO, and 38 studies were integrated into the final meta-analysis. RESULTS According to the observational studies, N-acetyl aspartate (NAA) in AD patients was significantly reduced in the posterior cingulate (PC) (effect size (ES) =-0.924, p < 0.005) and bilateral hippocampus (left hippocampus: ES =-1.329, p < 0.005; right hippocampus: ES =-1.287, p < 0.005). NAA/Cr (creatine) ratio decreased markedly in the PC (ES =-1.052, p < 0.005). Simultaneously, significant elevated myo-inositol (mI)/Cr ratio was found not only in the PC but also in the parietal gray matter. For lack of sufficient data, we failed to elucidate the efficacy of pharmacological interventions with the metabolites changes. CONCLUSION The available data indicates that NAA, mI, and the NAA/Cr ratio might be potential biomarkers of brain dysfunction in AD subjects. Choline (Cho)/Cr and mI/NAA changes might also contribute toward the diagnostic process. Thus, large, well-designed studies correlated with cerebral metabolism are needed to better estimate the cerebral extent of alterations in brain metabolite levels in AD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Dalian Medical University, China
| | - Lan Tan
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Dalian Medical University, China.,Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, School of Medicine, Qingdao University, China.,Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Hui-Fu Wang
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, School of Medicine, Qingdao University, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Dalian Medical University, China
| | - Rui-Hua Yin
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, School of Medicine, Qingdao University, China
| | - Wen-Ying Wang
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, School of Medicine, Qingdao University, China
| | - Xiao-Long Chang
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, School of Medicine, Qingdao University, China
| | - Teng Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jin-Tai Yu
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, School of Medicine, Qingdao University, China.,Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, China.,Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Memory and Aging Center, Deparment of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, USA
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32
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Key concepts in MR spectroscopy and practical approaches to gaining biochemical information in children. Pediatr Radiol 2016; 46:941-51. [PMID: 27233787 DOI: 10.1007/s00247-014-3204-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Revised: 09/11/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) provides independent biochemical information and has become an invaluable adjunct to MRI and other imaging modalities. This review introduces key concepts and presents basic methodological steps regarding the acquisition and the interpretation of proton MRS. We review major brain metabolites and discuss MRS dependence on age, location, echo time and field strength.
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33
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Ma C, Chen L, Scheenen TWJ, Lu J, Wang J. Three-dimensional proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging with and without an endorectal coil: a prostate phantom study. Acta Radiol 2015; 56:1342-9. [PMID: 25348479 DOI: 10.1177/0284185114556704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 09/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) of the prostate has been used with only a combination of external surface coils. The quality of spectral fitting of the (choline + creatine)/citrate ([Cho + Cr]/Cit) ratio at different field strengths and different coils is important for quantitative/semi-quantitative diagnosis of prostate cancer. PURPOSE To evaluate the quality of spectral fitting of the (Cho + Cr)/Cit ratio of a prostate phantom using MRSI at different field strengths and various coils. MATERIAL AND METHODS Experiments were using 1.5-T and 3.0-T MR systems. Measurements were taken on a homemade prostate phantom with different coils: spinal array; abdominal array; and endorectal. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of choline, creatine, and citrate peaks as well as the (Cho + Cr)/Cit ratio in each voxel were compared among groups using multi-way analysis of variance. RESULTS Magnetic field strength, coils, and plane position had a significant effect on the SNR or (Cho + Cr)/Cit ratio, and there were interactions among groups (all P = 0.000). The 1.5-T (0.228 ± 0.044) exhibited a higher (Cho + Cr)/Cit ratio than the 3.0-T (0.125 ± 0.041) magnetic field strength (F = 3238, P = 0.000). The (Cho + Cr)/Cit ratio of both surface coils (0.183 ± 0.065) and all coils (0.181 ± 0.057) was significantly lower than that of the endorectal coil (0.195 ± 0.077) (both P < 0.05), but significant differences in the mean (Cho + Cr)/Cit ratio were not observed if surface coils and all coils were used (P > 0.05). No significant differences were found among the (Cho + Cr)/Cit ratios of all voxels in the middle planes by the post-hoc analyses (all P > 0.05). CONCLUSION Three-dimensional proton MRSI of prostate metabolites in a phantom using surface coils is feasible and reliable, but (Cho + Cr)/Cit ratios acquired at different magnetic fields and coils were different. This difference should be taken into account when calculating this ratio in a field strength-independent way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Ma
- Department of Radiology, Changhai Hospital of Shanghai, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Luguang Chen
- Department of Radiology, Changhai Hospital of Shanghai, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Tom WJ Scheenen
- Department of Radiology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Gelderland, The Netherlands
| | - Jianping Lu
- Department of Radiology, Changhai Hospital of Shanghai, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Radiology, Changhai Hospital of Shanghai, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, PR China
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Shetty AN, Gabr RE, Rendon DA, Cassady CI, Mehollin-Ray AR, Lee W. Improving spectral quality in fetal brain magnetic resonance spectroscopy using constructive averaging. Prenat Diagn 2015; 35:1294-300. [PMID: 26348874 DOI: 10.1002/pd.4689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Revised: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE A common source of loss in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in fetal brain magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is from fetal movement and temporal magnetic field drift. We investigated the feasibility of using constructive averaging strategies for improving the spectral quality and recovering the SNR loss from these effects. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eight fetuses, between 20 3/7 and 38 2/7 weeks' gestation, were scanned with MRS at 1.5 T. Single-voxel point-resolved spectroscopy of the fetal brain with TE = 144 ms (in one case additional TE = 288 ms) was performed in a dynamic mode, and individual spectra of 128 acquisitions were saved. With constructive averaging strategy individual acquisitions were corrected for phase variations and frequency drift before averaging. Constructively averaged spectra were compared to those using conventional averaging to evaluate differences in spectral quality and SNR. RESULTS The definition of key metabolite peaks was qualitatively improved using constructive averaging, including the doublet structure of lactate in one case. Constructive averaging was associated with SNR increases, ranging from 11% to 40%, and the SNR further improved in one case when outliers from severe motion were rejected before averaging. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate the feasibility of using constructive averaging for improving SNR in fetal MRS, which is likely to improve the characterization of fetal brain metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil N Shetty
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Texas Children's Fetal Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Refaat E Gabr
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - David A Rendon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Christopher I Cassady
- Texas Children's Fetal Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Pediatric Radiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Amy R Mehollin-Ray
- Texas Children's Fetal Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Pediatric Radiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Wesley Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Texas Children's Fetal Center, Houston, TX, USA
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35
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Carrera I, Richter H, Meier D, Kircher PR, Dennler M. Regional metabolite concentrations in the brain of healthy dogs measured by use of short echo time, single voxel proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy at 3.0 Tesla. Am J Vet Res 2015; 76:129-41. [PMID: 25629910 DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.76.2.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate regional differences of relative metabolite concentrations in the brain of healthy dogs with short echo time, single voxel proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H MRS) at 3.0 T. ANIMALS 10 Beagles. PROCEDURES Short echo time, single voxel (1)H MRS was performed at the level of the right and left basal ganglia, right and left thalamus, right and left parietal lobes, occipital lobe, and cerebellum. Data were analyzed with an automated fitting method (linear combination model). Metabolite concentrations relative to water content were obtained, including N-acetyl aspartate, total choline, creatine, myoinositol, the sum of glutamine and glutamate (glutamine-glutamate complex), and glutathione. Metabolite ratios with creatine as the reference metabolite were calculated. Concentration differences between right and left hemispheres and sexes were evaluated with a Wilcoxon signed rank test and among various regions of the brain with an independent t test and 1-way ANOVA. RESULTS No significant differences were detected between sexes and right and left hemispheres. All metabolites, except the glutamine-glutamate complex and glutathione, had regional concentrations that differed significantly. The creatine concentration was highest in the basal ganglia and cerebellum and lowest in the parietal lobes. The N-acetyl aspartate concentration was highest in the parietal lobes and lowest in the cerebellum. Total choline concentration was highest in the basal ganglia and lowest in the occipital lobe. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Metabolite concentrations differed among brain parenchymal regions in healthy dogs. This study may provide reference values for clinical and research studies involving (1)H MRS performed at 3.0 T.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inés Carrera
- Clinic of Diagnostic Imaging, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland., Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
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Colic L, Demenescu LR, Li M, Kaufmann J, Krause AL, Metzger C, Walter M. Metabolic mapping reveals sex-dependent involvement of default mode and salience network in alexithymia. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2015; 11:289-98. [PMID: 26341904 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsv110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Alexithymia, a personality construct marked by difficulties in processing one's emotions, has been linked to the altered activity in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). Although longitudinal studies reported sex differences in alexithymia, what mediates them is not known. To investigate sex-specific associations of alexithymia and neuronal markers, we mapped metabolites in four brain regions involved differentially in emotion processing using a point-resolved spectroscopy MRS sequence in 3 Tesla. Both sexes showed negative correlations between alexithymia and N-acetylaspartate (NAA) in pregenual ACC (pgACC). Women showed a robust negative correlation of the joint measure of glutamate and glutamine (Glx) to NAA in posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), whereas men showed a weak positive association of Glx to NAA in dorsal ACC (dACC). Our results suggest that lowered neuronal integrity in pgACC, a region of the default mode network (DMN), might primarily account for the general difficulties in emotional processing in alexithymia. Association of alexithymia in women extends to another region in the DMN-PCC, while in men a region in the salience network (SN) was involved. These observations could be representative of sex specific regulation strategies that include diminished internal evaluation of feelings in women and cognitive emotion suppression in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Colic
- Clinical Affective Neuroimaging Laboratory, Magdeburg, Germany Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - L R Demenescu
- Clinical Affective Neuroimaging Laboratory, Magdeburg, Germany Department of Neurology, Otto von Guericke University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - M Li
- Clinical Affective Neuroimaging Laboratory, Magdeburg, Germany Department of Neurology, Otto von Guericke University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - J Kaufmann
- Department of Neurology, Otto von Guericke University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - A L Krause
- Clinical Affective Neuroimaging Laboratory, Magdeburg, Germany Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Otto von Guericke University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - C Metzger
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Otto von Guericke University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany Institute for Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - M Walter
- Clinical Affective Neuroimaging Laboratory, Magdeburg, Germany Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany Department of Neurology, Otto von Guericke University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Otto von Guericke University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany
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Apšvalka D, Gadie A, Clemence M, Mullins PG. Event-related dynamics of glutamate and BOLD effects measured using functional magnetic resonance spectroscopy (fMRS) at 3T in a repetition suppression paradigm. Neuroimage 2015; 118:292-300. [PMID: 26072254 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Revised: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Proton MR spectroscopy ((1)H-MRS) complements other brain research methods by providing measures of neurometabolites noninvasively in a localized brain area. Improvements in MR scanner technologies, and data acquisition and analysis methods should allow functional (1)H-MRS (fMRS) to measure neurometabolite concentration changes during task-induced brain activation. The aim of the current study was to further develop event-related fMRS at 3T to investigate glutamate dynamics in response to repetition suppression. A secondary aim was to investigate the relationship between blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) responses and glutamate dynamics in the same paradigm at the same time. A novel approach of interleaved water-suppressed (metabolite) and unsuppressed (water) fMRS was used to simultaneously detect the event-related dynamics of glutamate and BOLD signal to repetition suppression in the lateral occipital cortex of thirteen (N=13) volunteers. On average, (1)H-MRS-visible glutamate increased after novel visual stimuli presentations by 12% and decreased by 11-13% on repeated compared to novel presentations. The BOLD signal, as measured by water peak amplitude changes, showed significant difference between Task and Rest trials, and, on a GLM based analysis of the time series, demonstrated a significant difference between the novel and repeated trials, however appeared to be decoupled from the glutamate response as no correlation was found between the two. These results are the first demonstration that reductions in neuronal activity typical of repetition suppression effects are reflected by reduced glutamatergic and BOLD measures, that glutamate and BOLD responses may not be coupled as previously thought, and that these changes and relationships can be measured simultaneously using event-related fMRS at 3T.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dace Apšvalka
- Bangor Imaging Center, School of Psychology, Bangor University, Bangor, Gwynedd LL57 2AS, UK
| | - Andrew Gadie
- Bangor Imaging Center, School of Psychology, Bangor University, Bangor, Gwynedd LL57 2AS, UK
| | - Matthew Clemence
- Philips Healthcare, Philips Centre, Guildford Business Park, Guildford, Surrey GU2 8HX, UK
| | - Paul G Mullins
- Bangor Imaging Center, School of Psychology, Bangor University, Bangor, Gwynedd LL57 2AS, UK.
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Dong Z. Proton MRS and MRSI of the brain without water suppression. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY 2015; 86-87:65-79. [PMID: 25919199 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2014.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Revised: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Water suppression (WS) techniques have played a vital role in the commencement and development of in vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS, including spectroscopic imaging - MRSI). WS not only made in vivo proton MRS functionally available but also made its applications conveniently accessible, and it has become an indispensable tool in most of the routine applications of in vivo proton MR spectroscopy. On the other hand, WS brought forth some challenges. Therefore, various techniques of proton MRS without WS have been developed since the pioneering work in the late 1990s. After more than one and a half decades of advances in both hardware and software, non-water-suppressed proton MRS is coming to the stage of maturity and seeing increasing application in biomedical research and clinical diagnosis. In this article, we will review progress in the technical development and applications of proton MRS without WS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengchao Dong
- Division of Translational Imaging and MRI Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, USA; Division of Translational Imaging and MRI Unit, New York State Psychiatric Institute, USA.
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39
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Magnetic resonance spectroscopy in the diagnosis of dementia with Lewy bodies. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:809503. [PMID: 25110697 PMCID: PMC4109391 DOI: 10.1155/2014/809503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2014] [Revised: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is considered to be the second most frequent primary degenerative dementing illness after Alzheimer's disease (AD). DLB, together with Parkinson's disease (PD), Parkinson's disease with dementia (PDD) belong to α-synucleinopathies—a group of neurodegenerative diseases associated with pathological accumulation of the α-synuclein protein. Dementia due to PD and DLB shares clinical symptoms and neuropsychological profiles. Moreover, the core features and additional clinical signs and symptoms for these two very similar diseases are largely the same. Neuroimaging seems to be a promising method in differential diagnosis of dementia studies. The development of imaging methods or other objective measures to supplement clinical criteria for DLB is needed and a method which would accurately facilitate diagnosis of DLB prior to death is still being searched. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) provides a noninvasive method of assessing an in vivo biochemistry of brain tissue. This review summarizes the main results obtained from the application of neuroimaging techniques in DLB cases focusing on 1H-MRS.
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Koush Y, Elliott MA, Scharnowski F, Mathiak K. Comparison of real-time water proton spectroscopy and echo-planar imaging sensitivity to the BOLD effect at 3 T and at 7 T. PLoS One 2014; 9:e91620. [PMID: 24614912 PMCID: PMC3948886 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Gradient-echo echo-planar imaging (GE EPI) is the most commonly used approach to assess localized blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) signal changes in real-time. Alternatively, real-time spin-echo single-voxel spectroscopy (SE SVS) has recently been introduced for spatially specific BOLD neurofeedback at 3 T and at 7 T. However, currently it is not known how neurofeedback based on real-time SE SVS compares to real-time GE EPI-based. We therefore compared both methods at high (3 T) and at ultra-high (7 T) magnetic field strengths. We evaluated standard quality measures of both methods for signals originating from the motor cortex, the visual cortex, and for a neurofeedback condition. At 3 T, the data quality of the real-time SE SVS and GE EPI R2* estimates were comparable. At 7 T, the data quality of the real-time GE EPI acquisitions was superior compared to those of the real-time SE SVS. Despite the somehow lower data quality of real-time SE SVS compared to GE EPI at 7 T, SE SVS acquisitions might still be an interesting alternative. Real-time SE SVS allows for a direct and subject-specific T2* estimation and thus for a physiologically more plausible neurofeedback signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yury Koush
- Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Mark A. Elliott
- Center for Magnetic Resonance and Optical Imaging (CMROI), Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Frank Scharnowski
- Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Klaus Mathiak
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- JARA Translational Brain Medicine, Jülich - Aachen, Germany
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Magnetic resonance spectroscopy in mild cognitive impairment: systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2013; 37:2571-86. [PMID: 23969177 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2013.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2013] [Revised: 07/17/2013] [Accepted: 08/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Research using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) can potentially elucidate metabolite changes representing early degeneration in Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), an early stage of dementia. We integrated the published literature using meta-analysis to identify patterns of metabolite changes in MCI. 29 MRS studies (with a total of 607 MCI patients and 862 healthy controls) were classified according to brain regions. Hedges' g was used as effect size in a random effects model. N-Acetyl Aspartate (NAA) measures were consistently reduced in posterior cingulate (PC), hippocampus, and the paratrigonal white matter (PWM). Creatine (Cr) concentration was reduced in the hippocampus and PWM. Choline (Cho) concentration was reduced in the hippocampus while Cho/Cr ratio was raised in the PC. Myo-inositol (mI) concentration was raised in the PC and mI/Cr ratio was raised in the hippocampus. NAA/mI ratio was reduced in the PC. NAA may be the most reliable marker of brain dysfunction in MCI though mI, Cho, and Cr may also contribute towards this.
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Glutamatergic correlates of gamma-band oscillatory activity during cognition: a concurrent ER-MRS and EEG study. Neuroimage 2013; 85 Pt 2:823-33. [PMID: 23891885 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.07.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2013] [Revised: 07/12/2013] [Accepted: 07/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Frequency specific synchronisation of neuronal firing within the gamma-band (30-70 Hz) appears to be a fundamental correlate of both basic sensory and higher cognitive processing. In-vitro studies suggest that the neurochemical basis of gamma-band oscillatory activity is based on interactions between excitatory (i.e. glutamate) and inhibitory (i.e. GABA) neurotransmitter concentrations. However, the nature of the relationship between excitatory neurotransmitter concentration and changes in gamma band activity in humans remains undetermined. Here, we examine the links between dynamic glutamate concentration and the formation of functional gamma-band oscillatory networks. Using concurrently acquired event-related magnetic resonance spectroscopy and electroencephalography, during a repetition-priming paradigm, we demonstrate an interaction between stimulus type (object vs. abstract pictures) and repetition in evoked gamma-band oscillatory activity, and find that glutamate levels within the lateral occipital cortex, differ in response to these distinct stimulus categories. Importantly, we show that dynamic glutamate levels are related to the amplitude of stimulus evoked gamma-band (but not to beta, alpha or theta or ERP) activity. These results highlight the specific connection between excitatory neurotransmitter concentration and amplitude of oscillatory response, providing a novel insight into the relationship between the neurochemical and neurophysiological processes underlying cognition.
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Real-time automated spectral assessment of the BOLD response for neurofeedback at 3 and 7T. J Neurosci Methods 2013; 218:148-60. [PMID: 23685226 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2013.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2013] [Revised: 03/29/2013] [Accepted: 05/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Echo-planar imaging is the dominant functional MRI data acquisition scheme for evaluating the BOLD signal. To date, it remains the only approach providing neurofeedback from spatially localized brain activity. Real-time functional single-voxel proton spectroscopy (fSVPS) may be an alternative for spatially specific BOLD neurofeedback at 7T because it allows for a precise estimation of the local T2* signal, EPI-specific artifacts may be avoided, and the signal contrast may increase. In order to explore and optimize this alternative neurofeedback approach, we tested fully automated real-time fSVPS spectral estimation procedures to approximate T2* BOLD signal changes from the unsuppressed water peak, i.e. lorentzian non-linear complex spectral fit (LNLCSF) in frequency and frequency-time domain. The proposed approaches do not require additional spectroscopic localizers in contrast to conventional T2* approximation based on linear regression of the free induction decay (FID). For methods comparison, we evaluated quality measures for signals from the motor and the visual cortex as well as a real-time feedback condition at high (3T) and at ultra-high (7T) magnetic field strengths. Using these methods, we achieved reliable and fast water peak spectral parameter estimations. At 7T, we observed an absolute increase of spectra line narrowing due to the BOLD effect, but quality measures did not improve due to artifactual line broadening. Overall, the automated fSVPS approach can be used to assess dynamic spectral changes in real-time, and to provide localized T2* neurofeedback at 3 and 7T.
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Mullins PG, McGonigle DJ, O'Gorman RL, Puts NAJ, Vidyasagar R, Evans CJ, Edden RAE. Current practice in the use of MEGA-PRESS spectroscopy for the detection of GABA. Neuroimage 2012; 86:43-52. [PMID: 23246994 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 394] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2012] [Revised: 09/11/2012] [Accepted: 12/03/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
There is increasing interest in the use of edited proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy for the detection of GABA in the human brain. At a recent meeting held at Cardiff University, a number of spectroscopy groups met to discuss the acquisition, analysis and interpretation of GABA-edited MR spectra. This paper aims to set out the issues discussed at this meeting, reporting areas of consensus around parameters and procedures in the field and highlighting those areas where differences remain. It is hoped that this paper can fulfill two needs, providing a summary of the current 'state-of-the-art' in the field of GABA-edited MRS at 3T using MEGA-PRESS and a basic guide to help researchers new to the field to avoid some of the pitfalls inherent in the acquisition and processing of edited MRS for GABA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul G Mullins
- Bangor Imaging Unit, School of Psychology, Bangor University, Bangor, LL57 2AS, UK.
| | - David J McGonigle
- CUBRIC, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK; School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Ruth L O'Gorman
- University Children's Hospital, Steinwiesstrasse 75, 8032 Zürich, Switzerland; Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Nicolaas A J Puts
- Russell H Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; F.M. Kirby Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, 707 North Broadway Street, Room G-25, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Rishma Vidyasagar
- Biomedical Imaging Institute, School of Cancer and Enabling Sciences, Manchester University, Stopford Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - C John Evans
- CUBRIC, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | | | - Richard A E Edden
- Russell H Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; F.M. Kirby Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, 707 North Broadway Street, Room G-25, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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Posse S, Otazo R, Dager SR, Alger J. MR spectroscopic imaging: Principles and recent advances. J Magn Reson Imaging 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/jmri.23945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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46
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Preclinical (1)H-MRS neurochemical profiling in neurological and psychiatric disorders. Bioanalysis 2012; 4:1787-804. [PMID: 22877223 DOI: 10.4155/bio.12.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The ongoing development of animal models of neurological and psychiatric disorders in combination with the development of advanced nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques and instrumentation has led to increased use of in vivo proton NMR spectroscopy ((1)H-MRS) for neurochemical analyses. (1)H-MRS is one of only a few analytical methods that can assay in vivo and longitudinal neurochemical changes associated with neurological and psychiatric diseases, with the added advantage of being a technique that can be utilized in both preclinical and clinical studies. In this review, recent progress in the use of (1)H-MRS to investigate animal models of neurological and psychiatric disorders is summarized with examples from the literature and our own work.
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Neurometabolites in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder - a systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychiatry Res 2012; 203:111-25. [PMID: 22981426 PMCID: PMC3466386 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2012.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2011] [Revised: 02/02/2012] [Accepted: 02/08/2012] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
This meta-analysis evaluates alterations of neurometabolites in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. PubMed was searched to find controlled studies evaluating N-acetylaspartate (NAA), Choline (Cho) and Creatine (Cr) assessed with ((1))H-MRS (proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy) in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder up to September 2010. Random effects meta-analyses were conducted to estimate pooled standardized mean differences. The statistic was used to quantify inconsistencies. Subgroup analyses were conducted to explore potential explanations for inconsistencies. The systematic review included 146 studies with 5643 participants. NAA levels were affected in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Decreased levels in the basal ganglia and frontal lobe were the most consistent findings in schizophrenia; decreased levels in the basal ganglia were the most consistent findings in bipolar disorder. Cho and Cr levels were not altered in either disorder. Findings for Cr were most consistent in the thalamus, frontal lobe and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in schizophrenia and the basal ganglia and frontal lobe in bipolar disorder. Findings for Cho were most consistent in the thalamus, frontal lobe and anterior cingulate cortex in schizophrenia and basal ganglia in bipolar disorder. Large, carefully designed studies are needed to better estimate the extent of alterations in neurometabolites.
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Reyngoudt H, Achten E, Paemeleire K. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy in migraine: what have we learned so far? Cephalalgia 2012; 32:845-59. [PMID: 22763498 DOI: 10.1177/0333102412452048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To summarize and evaluate proton ((1)H) and phosphorus ((31)P) magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) findings in migraine. METHODS A thorough review of (1)H and/or (31)P-MRS studies in any form of migraine published up to September 2011. RESULTS Some findings were consistent in all studies, such as a lack of ictal/interictal brain pH change and a disturbed energy metabolism, the latter of which is reflected in a drop in phosphocreatine content, both in the resting brain and in muscle following exercise. In a recent interictal study ATP was found to be significantly decreased in the occipital lobe of migraine with aura patients, reinforcing the concept of a mitochondrial component to the migraine threshold, at least in a subgroup of patients. In several studies a correlation between the extent of the energy disturbance and the clinical phenotype severity was apparent. Less consistent but still congruent with a disturbed energy metabolism is an observed lactate increase in the occipital cortex of several migraine subtypes (MwA, migraine with prolonged aura). No increases in brain glutamate levels were found. CONCLUSION The combined abnormalities found in MRS studies imply a mitochondrial component in migraine neurobiology. This could be due to a primary mitochondrial dysfunction or be secondary to, for example, alterations in brain excitability. The extent of variation in the data can be attributed to both the variable clinical inclusion criteria used and the variation in applied methodology. Therefore it is necessary to continue to optimize MRS methodology to gain further insights, especially concerning lactate and glutamate.
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