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Koyama M, Hiroi S, Hirai Y, Kaida A. Prevalence of Human Adenovirus Type 3 Associated with Pharyngoconjunctival Fever in Children in Osaka, Japan during and after the COVID-19 Pandemic. Jpn J Infect Dis 2024; 77:292-295. [PMID: 38825454 DOI: 10.7883/yoken.jjid.2024.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
The incidence and type distribution of human adenovirus (HAdV) infections among children with pharyngoconjunctival fever (PCF) in Osaka, Japan between 2019 and 2023 were analyzed to assess the effect of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The number of reported PCF cases in Osaka decreased from 2020 to 2022, followed by an unprecedented increase in 2023. HAdV-C strains, including types C1, C2, and C5, were detected in throughout the study period. Conversely, HAdV-B3 was not detected for 2 years and 9 months from March 2020 to December 2022, but the number of detections increased from July 2023. Overall, HAdV-B3 was the most frequently detected type (27 of 52 strains), and genetic analysis of its hexon hypervariable regions showed that, except for one strain, the HAdV-B3 strains identified after 2022 had different amino acid substitutions to those identified in 2019 and 2020. These results suggest that the PCF epidemic in 2023 was predominantly caused by variant strains of HAdV-B3, and that children were susceptible owing to a lack of exposure to HAdV-B3 between 2020 and 2022. Ongoing surveillance is needed to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on the prevalence of HAdV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Koyama
- Division of Microbiology, Osaka Institute of Public Health, Japan
| | - Satoshi Hiroi
- Division of Microbiology, Osaka Institute of Public Health, Japan
| | - Yuki Hirai
- Division of Microbiology, Osaka Institute of Public Health, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kaida
- Division of Microbiology, Osaka Institute of Public Health, Japan
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2
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Holland SC, Smith MF, Holland LA, Maqsood R, Hu JC, Murugan V, Driver EM, Halden RU, Lim ES. Wastewater and clinical surveillance of respiratory viral pathogens on a university campus. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 948:174981. [PMID: 39053521 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Areas of dense population congregation are prone to experience respiratory virus outbreaks. We monitored wastewater and clinic patients for the presence of respiratory viruses on a large, public university campus. Campus sewer systems were monitored in 16 locations for the presence of viruses using next generation sequencing over 22 weeks in 2023. During this period, we detected a surge in human adenovirus (HAdV) levels in wastewater. Hence, we initiated clinical surveillance at an on-campus clinic from patients presenting with acute respiratory infection. From whole genome sequencing of 123 throat and/or nasal swabs collected, we identified an outbreak of HAdV, specifically of HAdV-E4 and HAdV-B7 genotypes overlapping in time. The temporal dynamics and proportions of HAdV genotypes found in wastewater were corroborated in clinical infections. We tracked specific single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) found in clinical virus sequences and showed that they arose in wastewater signals concordant with the time of clinical presentation, linking community transmission of HAdV to the outbreak. This study demonstrates how wastewater-based epidemiology can be integrated with surveillance at ambulatory healthcare settings to monitor areas prone to respiratory virus outbreaks and provide public health guidance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven C Holland
- Center for Fundamental and Applied Microbiomics, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Matthew F Smith
- Center for Fundamental and Applied Microbiomics, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - LaRinda A Holland
- Center for Fundamental and Applied Microbiomics, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Rabia Maqsood
- Center for Fundamental and Applied Microbiomics, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - James C Hu
- Center for Fundamental and Applied Microbiomics, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Vel Murugan
- Virginia G. Piper Center for Personalized Diagnostics, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Erin M Driver
- Center for Environmental Health Engineering, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Rolf U Halden
- Center for Environmental Health Engineering, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Efrem S Lim
- Center for Fundamental and Applied Microbiomics, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA; School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
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Wang F, De R, Han Z, Xu Y, Zhu R, Sun Y, Chen D, Zhou Y, Guo Q, Qu D, Cao L, Liu L, Zhao L. High-Frequency Recombination of Human Adenovirus in Children with Acute Respiratory Tract Infections in Beijing, China. Viruses 2024; 16:828. [PMID: 38932121 PMCID: PMC11209268 DOI: 10.3390/v16060828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Recombination events in human adenovirus (HAdV) have led to some new highly pathogenic or infectious types. It is vital to monitor recombinant HAdVs, especially in children with acute respiratory tract infections (ARIs). In the retrospective study, HAdV positive specimens were collected from pediatric patients with ARIs during 2015 to 2021, then typed by sequence analysis of the penton base, hexon and fiber gene sequence. For those with inconsistent typing results, a modified method with species-specific primer sets of a fiber gene sequence was developed to distinguish co-infections of different types from recombinant HAdV infections. Then, plaque assays combined with meta-genomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) were used to reveal the HAdV genomic characteristics. There were 466 cases positive for HAdV DNA (2.89%, 466/16,097) and 350 (75.11%, 350/466) successfully typed with the most prevalent types HAdV-B3 (56.57%, 198/350) and HAdV-B7 (32.00%, 112/350), followed by HAdV-C1 (6.00%, 21/350). Among 35 cases (7.51%, 35/466) with inconsistent typing results, nine cases were confirmed as co-infections by different types of HAdVs, and 26 cases as recombinant HAdVs in six genetic patterns primarily clustered to species C (25 cases) in pattern 1-5, or species D (1 case) in pattern 6. The novel recombinant HAdV of species D was identified with multiple recombinant events among HAdV-D53, HAdV-D64, and HAdV-D8, and officially named as HAdV-D115. High-frequency recombination of HAdVs in six genetic recombination patterns were identified among children with ARIs in Beijing. Specifically, there is a novel Adenovirus D human/CHN/S8130/2023/115[P22H8F8] designed as HAdV D115.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangming Wang
- Laboratory of Virology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in Children, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China; (F.W.); (R.D.); (Z.H.); (Y.X.); (R.Z.); (Y.S.); (D.C.); (Y.Z.); (Q.G.)
| | - Ri De
- Laboratory of Virology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in Children, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China; (F.W.); (R.D.); (Z.H.); (Y.X.); (R.Z.); (Y.S.); (D.C.); (Y.Z.); (Q.G.)
| | - Zhenzhi Han
- Laboratory of Virology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in Children, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China; (F.W.); (R.D.); (Z.H.); (Y.X.); (R.Z.); (Y.S.); (D.C.); (Y.Z.); (Q.G.)
| | - Yanpeng Xu
- Laboratory of Virology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in Children, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China; (F.W.); (R.D.); (Z.H.); (Y.X.); (R.Z.); (Y.S.); (D.C.); (Y.Z.); (Q.G.)
| | - Runan Zhu
- Laboratory of Virology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in Children, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China; (F.W.); (R.D.); (Z.H.); (Y.X.); (R.Z.); (Y.S.); (D.C.); (Y.Z.); (Q.G.)
| | - Yu Sun
- Laboratory of Virology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in Children, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China; (F.W.); (R.D.); (Z.H.); (Y.X.); (R.Z.); (Y.S.); (D.C.); (Y.Z.); (Q.G.)
| | - Dongmei Chen
- Laboratory of Virology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in Children, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China; (F.W.); (R.D.); (Z.H.); (Y.X.); (R.Z.); (Y.S.); (D.C.); (Y.Z.); (Q.G.)
| | - Yutong Zhou
- Laboratory of Virology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in Children, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China; (F.W.); (R.D.); (Z.H.); (Y.X.); (R.Z.); (Y.S.); (D.C.); (Y.Z.); (Q.G.)
| | - Qi Guo
- Laboratory of Virology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in Children, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China; (F.W.); (R.D.); (Z.H.); (Y.X.); (R.Z.); (Y.S.); (D.C.); (Y.Z.); (Q.G.)
| | - Dong Qu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Children’s Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China;
| | - Ling Cao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Children’s Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China;
| | - Liying Liu
- Laboratory of Virology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in Children, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China; (F.W.); (R.D.); (Z.H.); (Y.X.); (R.Z.); (Y.S.); (D.C.); (Y.Z.); (Q.G.)
| | - Linqing Zhao
- Laboratory of Virology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in Children, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China; (F.W.); (R.D.); (Z.H.); (Y.X.); (R.Z.); (Y.S.); (D.C.); (Y.Z.); (Q.G.)
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Pinski AN, Gan T, Lin SC, Droit L, Diamond M, Barouch DH, Wang D. Isolation of a recombinant simian adenovirus encoding the human adenovirus G52 hexon suggests a simian origin for human adenovirus G52. J Virol 2024; 98:e0004324. [PMID: 38497664 PMCID: PMC11019922 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00043-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) are causative agents of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. These double-stranded DNA viruses are phylogenetically classified into seven different species (A-G). HAdV-G52, originally isolated in 2008 from a patient presenting with gastroenteritis, is the sole human-derived member of species G. Phylogenetic analysis previously suggested that HAdV-G52 may have a simian origin, indicating a potential zoonotic spillover into humans. However, evidence of HAdV-G52 in either human or simian populations has not been reported since. Here, we describe the isolation and in vitro characterization of rhesus (rh)AdV-69, a novel simian AdV with clear evidence of recombination with HAdV-G52, from the stool of a rhesus macaque. Specifically, the rhAdV-69 hexon capsid protein is 100% identical to that of HAdV-G52, whereas the remainder of the genome is most similar to rhAdV-55, sharing 95.36% nucleic acid identity. A second recombination event with an unknown adenovirus (AdV) is evident at the short fiber gene. From the same sample, we also isolated a second, highly related recombinant AdV (rhAdV-68) that harbors a distinct hexon gene but nearly identical backbone compared to rhAdV-69. In vitro, rhAdV-68 and rhAdV-69 demonstrate comparable growth kinetics and tropisms in human cell lines, nonhuman cell lines, and human enteroids. Furthermore, we show that coinfection of highly related AdVs is not unique to this sample since we also isolated coinfecting rhAdVs from two additional rhesus macaque stool samples. Our data collectively contribute to elucidating the origins of HAdV-G52 and provide insights into the frequency of coinfections and subsequent recombination in AdV evolution.IMPORTANCEUnderstanding the host origins of adenoviruses (AdVs) is critical for public health as transmission of viruses from animals to humans can lead to emergent viruses. Recombination between animal and human AdVs can also produce emergent viruses. HAdV-G52 is the only human-derived member of the HAdV G species. It has been suggested that HAdV-G52 has a simian origin. Here, we isolated from a rhesus macaque, a novel rhAdV, rhAdV-69, that encodes a hexon protein that is 100% identical to that of HAdV-G52. This observation suggests that HAdV-G52 may indeed have a simian origin. We also isolated a highly related rhAdV, differing only in the hexon gene, from the same rhesus macaque stool sample as rhAdV-69, illustrating the potential for co-infection of closely related AdVs and recombination at the hexon gene. Furthermore, our study highlights the critical role of whole-genome sequencing in understanding AdV evolution and monitoring the emergence of pathogenic AdVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda N. Pinski
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Tianyu Gan
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Shih-Ching Lin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Lindsay Droit
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Michael Diamond
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Dan H. Barouch
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David Wang
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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5
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Kolb AW, Chau VQ, Miller DL, Yannuzzi NA, Brandt CR. Phylogenetic and Recombination Analysis of Clinical Vitreous Humor-Derived Adenovirus Isolates Reveals Discordance Between Serotype and Phylogeny. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2024; 65:12. [PMID: 38319669 PMCID: PMC10854415 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.65.2.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose To sequence, identify, and perform phylogenetic and recombination analysis on three clinical adenovirus samples taken from the vitreous humor at the Bascom Palmer Eye Institute. Methods The PacBio Sequel II was used to sequence the genomes of the three clinical adenovirus isolates. To identify the isolates, a full genome-based multiple sequence alignment (MSA) of 722 mastadenoviruses was generated using multiple alignment using fast Fourier transform (MAFFT). MAFFT was also used to generate genome-based human adenovirus B (HAdV-B) MSAs, as well as HAdV-B fiber, hexon, and penton protein-based MSAs. To examine recombination within HAdV-B, RF-Net 2 and Bootscan software programs were used. Results In the course of classifying three new atypical ocular adenovirus samples, taken from the vitreous humor, we found that all three isolates were HAdV-B species. The three Bascom Palmer HAdV-B genomes were then combined with over 300 HAdV-B genome sequences, including nine ocular HAdV-B genome sequences. Attempts to categorize the penton, hexon, and fiber serotypes using phylogeny of the three Bascom Palmer samples were inconclusive due to incongruence between serotype and phylogeny in the dataset. Recombination analysis using a subset of HAdV-B strains to generate a hybridization network detected recombination between nonhuman primate and human-derived strains, recombination between one HAdV-B strain and the HAdV-E outgroup, and limited recombination between the B1 and B2 clades. Conclusions The discordance between serotype and phylogeny detected in this study suggests that the current classification system does not accurately describe the natural history and phylogenetic relationships among adenoviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron W. Kolb
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Viet Q. Chau
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States
| | - Darlene L. Miller
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States
| | - Nicolas A. Yannuzzi
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States
| | - Curtis R. Brandt
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
- McPherson Eye Research Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
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6
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Athukorala A, Lacasse C, Curtiss JB, Phalen DN, Sarker S. Characterisation of a novel aviadenovirus associated with disease in tawny frogmouths (Podargus strigoides). Virology 2023; 588:109904. [PMID: 37856912 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2023.109904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Aviadenoviruses are widespread in wild birds but rarely cause disease in nature. However, when naïve species are exposed to poultry or aviaries, aviadenoviruses can lead to disease outbreaks. This study characterised a novel aviadenovirus infection in a native Australian bird, the tawny frogmouth (Podargus strigoides) during an outbreak investigation. The identified complete genome of aviadenovirus, named tawny frogmouth aviadenovirus A (TwAviAdV-A) was 41,175 bp in length containing 52 putative genes. TwAviAdV-A exhibits the common aviadenovirus genomic organisation but with a notable monophyletic subclade in the phylogeny. The TwAviAdV-A virus was hepatotrophic and the six frogmouths presented to the wildlife hospitals in South Eastern Queensland most commonly exhibited regurgitation (in four frogmouths). Three were died or euthanized, two recovered, and one showed no signs. The detection of TwAviAdV-A in frogmouths coming into care re-emphasizes the need for strict biosecurity protocols in wildlife hospitals and care facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajani Athukorala
- Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology, And Pharmacology, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, 3086, Australia.
| | - Claude Lacasse
- RSPCA Queensland, 139 Wacol Station Road, Wacol, Queensland, 4076, Australia.
| | - Jeffrey B Curtiss
- IDEXX Laboratories, 3 Overend Street, East Brisbane, Queensland, 4169, Australia.
| | - David N Phalen
- Sydney School of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, Camden, New South Wales, Australia; Schubot Exotic Bird Health, Texas A&M College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, College Station, TX, 77843-4467, USA.
| | - Subir Sarker
- Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology, And Pharmacology, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, 3086, Australia; Biomedical Sciences & Molecular Biology, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia.
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7
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Mazboudi R, Mulhall Maasz H, Resch MD, Wen K, Gottlieb P, Alimova A, Khayat R, Collins ND, Kuschner RA, Galarza JM. A recombinant virus-like particle vaccine against adenovirus-7 induces a potent humoral response. NPJ Vaccines 2023; 8:155. [PMID: 37821505 PMCID: PMC10567840 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-023-00754-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Adenoviruses (AdVs) cause infections in humans that range from mild to severe, and can cause outbreaks particularly in close contact settings. Several human AdV types have been identified, which can cause a wide array of clinical manifestations. AdV types 4 and 7 (AdV-4 and AdV-7), which are among the most commonly circulating types in the United States, are known to cause acute respiratory disease that can result in hospitalization and rarely, death. Currently, the only vaccines approved for use in humans are live virus vaccines against AdV-4 and AdV-7, though these vaccines are only authorized for use in U.S. military personnel. While they are efficacious, use of these live virus vaccines carries considerable risks of vaccine-associated viral shedding and recombination. Here, we present an alternative vaccination strategy against AdV-7 using the virus-like particle platform (AdVLP-7). We describe the production of stable recombinant AdVLP-7, and demonstrate that AdVLP-7 is structurally analogous to wild-type AdV-7 virions (WT AdV-7). Preclinical immunogenicity studies in mice show that AdVLP-7 elicits a potent humoral immune response, comparable to that observed in mice immunized with WT AdV-7. Specifically, AdVLP-7 induces high titers of antibodies against AdV-7-specific antigens that can effectively neutralize AdV-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Mazboudi
- TechnoVax, Inc., 6 Westchester Plaza, Elmsford, NY, 10523, USA
| | | | - Matthew D Resch
- TechnoVax, Inc., 6 Westchester Plaza, Elmsford, NY, 10523, USA
| | - Ke Wen
- TechnoVax, Inc., 6 Westchester Plaza, Elmsford, NY, 10523, USA
| | - Paul Gottlieb
- CUNY School of Medicine, The City College of New York, New York, NY, 10031, USA
| | - Aleksandra Alimova
- CUNY School of Medicine, The City College of New York, New York, NY, 10031, USA
| | - Reza Khayat
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, New York, NY, 10031, USA
| | - Natalie D Collins
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute for Research, Silver Spring, MD, 20910, USA
| | - Robert A Kuschner
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute for Research, Silver Spring, MD, 20910, USA
| | - Jose M Galarza
- TechnoVax, Inc., 6 Westchester Plaza, Elmsford, NY, 10523, USA.
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8
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Huang S, Wang H, Li L, Xiang W, Song Z, Li W. Molecular epidemiology and phylogenetic analyses of human adenovirus in pediatric patients with acute respiratory infections from Hangzhou during COVID-19 pandemic. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1237074. [PMID: 37614906 PMCID: PMC10442704 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1237074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Acute Respiratory Infections (ARIs) are a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Human Adenovirus (HAdV), responsible for 5%-10% of children's ARIs, is one of the most prevalent pathogens. Our study aimed to analyze the epidemiology and phylogenesis of HAdV in pediatric patients with ARIs in Hangzhou during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method Between November 2020 and March 2021, we collected 1,442 nasopharyngeal swabs from children with ARIs at Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine. Epidemiological statistics, phylogenetic and amino acid (AA) mutation analysis were conducted. Results Our findings revealed that 386 (26.77%) samples tested positive for HAdV, with the highest rate in children aged 6-18 years and the lowest in children aged 0-1 year, indicating a different age preference of HAdV compared with pre-pandemic period. Outpatients had a significantly higher positive rate than inpatients. Moreover, patients with HAdV-coinfection exhibited more severe clinical symptoms than those with HAdV-single infection. Our phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that species HAdV-C (type 1, 2, 6) were the predominant circulating strains in Hangzhou during the COVID-19 pandemic. Further AA mutation analysis identified seventeen mutations of particular concern for biological characterization. Conclusion In conclusion, our study provides valuable epidemiological and molecular data that will aid in epidemiological surveillance, antiviral therapies and the development of specific vaccine types, leading to improve public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangshuang Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenqing Xiang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhijian Song
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Oncology, OrigiMed, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
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9
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Kalafati E, Drakopoulou E, Anagnou NP, Pappa KI. Developing Oncolytic Viruses for the Treatment of Cervical Cancer. Cells 2023; 12:1838. [PMID: 37508503 PMCID: PMC10377776 DOI: 10.3390/cells12141838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer represents one of the most important malignancies among women worldwide. Current therapeutic approaches for cervical cancer are reported not only to be inadequate for metastatic cervical cancer, but are also considered as cytotoxic for several patients leading to serious side effects, which can have negative implications on the quality of life of women. Therefore, there is an urgent need for the development of innovative and effective treatment options. Oncolytic viruses can eventually become effective biological agents, since they preferentially infect and kill cancer cells, while leaving the normal tissue unaffected. Moreover, they are also able to leverage the host immune system response to limit tumor growth. This review aims to systematically describe and discuss the different types of oncolytic viruses generated for targeting cervical cancer cells, as well as the outcome of the combination of virotherapy with conventional therapies. Although many preclinical studies have evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of oncolytic viruses in cervical cancer, the number of clinical trials so far is limited, while their oncolytic properties are currently being tested in clinical trials for the treatment of other malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Kalafati
- Laboratory of Cell and Gene Therapy, Centre of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens (BRFAA), 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Ekati Drakopoulou
- Laboratory of Cell and Gene Therapy, Centre of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens (BRFAA), 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Nicholas P Anagnou
- Laboratory of Cell and Gene Therapy, Centre of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens (BRFAA), 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Kalliopi I Pappa
- Laboratory of Cell and Gene Therapy, Centre of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens (BRFAA), 11527 Athens, Greece
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Athens School of Medicine, 11528 Athens, Greece
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Lei Y, Zhuang Z, Liu Y, Tan Z, Gao X, Li X, Yang D. Whole Genomic Sequence Analysis of Human Adenovirus Species C Shows Frequent Recombination in Tianjin, China. Viruses 2023; 15:v15041004. [PMID: 37112985 PMCID: PMC10142000 DOI: 10.3390/v15041004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Human adenovirus species C (HAdV-C) is frequently detected in China and worldwide. For the first time, 16 HAdV-C strains were isolated from sewage water (14 strains) and hospitalised children with diarrhoea (2 strains,) in Tianjin, China. Nearly complete genome data were successfully obtained for these viruses. Subsequently, genomic and bioinformatics analyses of the 16 HAdV-C strains were performed. A phylogenetic tree of the complete HAdV-C genome divided these strains into three types: HAdV-C1, HAdV-C2, HAdV-C5. Phylogenetic analysis based on the fiber gene showed similar outcomes to analyses of the hexon gene and complete HAdV-C genomes, whereas the penton gene sequences showed more variation than previously reported. Furthermore, analysis of the whole-genome sequencing revealed seven recombination patterns transmitted in Tianjin, of which at least four patterns have not been previously reported. However, the penton base gene sequences of the HAdV-C species had significantly lower heterogeneity than those of the hexon and fiber gene sequences of recombinant isolates; that is, many strains were distinct in origin, but shared hexon and fiber genes. These data illustrate the importance of frequent recombination in the complexity of the HAdV-C epidemic in Tianjin, thus emphasising the necessity for HAdV-C sewage and virological monitoring in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Lei
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology of Infectious Disease, Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300011, China
| | - Zhichao Zhuang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology of Infectious Disease, Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300011, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology of Infectious Disease, Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300011, China
| | - Zhaolin Tan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology of Infectious Disease, Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300011, China
| | - Xin Gao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology of Infectious Disease, Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300011, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology of Infectious Disease, Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300011, China
| | - Dongjing Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology of Infectious Disease, Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300011, China
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11
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Veith T, Bleicker T, Eschbach-Bludau M, Brünink S, Mühlemann B, Schneider J, Beheim-Schwarzbach J, Rakotondranary SJ, Ratovonamana YR, Tsagnangara C, Ernest R, Randriantafika F, Sommer S, Stetter N, Jones TC, Drosten C, Ganzhorn JU, Corman VM. Non-structural genes of novel lemur adenoviruses reveal codivergence of virus and host. Virus Evol 2023; 9:vead024. [PMID: 37091898 PMCID: PMC10121206 DOI: 10.1093/ve/vead024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Adenoviruses (AdVs) are important human and animal pathogens and are frequently used as vectors for gene therapy and vaccine delivery. Surprisingly, there are only scant data regarding primate AdV origin and evolution, especially in the most basal primate hosts. We detect and sequence AdVs from faeces of two Madagascan lemur species. Complete genome sequence analyses define a new AdV species with a particularly large gene encoding a protein of unknown function in the early gene region 3. Unexpectedly, the new AdV species is not most similar to human or other simian AdVs but to bat adenovirus C. Genome characterisation shows signals of virus-host codivergence in non-structural genes, which show lower diversity than structural genes. Outside a lemur species mixing zone, recombination less frequently separates structural genes, as in human adenovirus C. The evolutionary history of lemur AdVs likely involves both a host switch and codivergence with the lemur hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talitha Veith
- Institute of Virology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin 10117, Germany
| | - Tobias Bleicker
- Institute of Virology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin 10117, Germany
| | - Monika Eschbach-Bludau
- Institute of Virology, University Hospital, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, Bonn 53127, Germany
| | - Sebastian Brünink
- Institute of Virology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin 10117, Germany
| | - Barbara Mühlemann
- Institute of Virology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin 10117, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin 10117, Germany
| | - Julia Schneider
- Institute of Virology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin 10117, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin 10117, Germany
| | - Jörn Beheim-Schwarzbach
- Institute of Virology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin 10117, Germany
| | - S Jacques Rakotondranary
- Institute of Cell and Systems Biology of Animals, Universität Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King Platz 3, Hamburg 20146, Germany
- Département Biologie Animale, Faculté des Sciences, Université d’ Antananarivo, P.O. Box 906, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar
| | - Yedidya R Ratovonamana
- Institute of Cell and Systems Biology of Animals, Universität Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King Platz 3, Hamburg 20146, Germany
- Département Biologie Animale, Faculté des Sciences, Université d’ Antananarivo, P.O. Box 906, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar
| | - Cedric Tsagnangara
- Tropical Biodiversity and Social Enterprise SARL, Immeuble CNAPS, premier étage, Fort Dauphin 614, Madagascar
| | - Refaly Ernest
- Tropical Biodiversity and Social Enterprise SARL, Immeuble CNAPS, premier étage, Fort Dauphin 614, Madagascar
| | | | - Simone Sommer
- Institute of Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation Genomics, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein Allee 11, Ulm 89069, Germany
| | - Nadine Stetter
- Institute of Cell and Systems Biology of Animals, Universität Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King Platz 3, Hamburg 20146, Germany
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Bernhard-Nocht-Straße 74, Hamburg 20359, Germany
| | - Terry C Jones
- Institute of Virology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin 10117, Germany
- Centre for Pathogen Evolution, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK
| | - Christian Drosten
- Institute of Virology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin 10117, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin 10117, Germany
| | - Jörg U Ganzhorn
- Institute of Cell and Systems Biology of Animals, Universität Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King Platz 3, Hamburg 20146, Germany
| | - Victor M Corman
- Institute of Virology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin 10117, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin 10117, Germany
- Labor Berlin, Charité—Vivantes GmbH, Sylter Straße 2, Berlin 13353, Germany
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12
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Lambisia AW, Makori TO, Mutunga M, Cheruiyot R, Murunga N, Quick J, Githinji G, Nokes DJ, Houldcroft CJ, Agoti CN. Genomic epidemiology of human adenovirus F40 and F41 in coastal Kenya: A retrospective hospital-based surveillance study (2013-2022). Virus Evol 2023; 9:vead023. [PMID: 37066020 PMCID: PMC10091489 DOI: 10.1093/ve/vead023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Human enteric adenovirus species F (HAdV-F) is a leading cause of childhood diarrhoeal deaths. The genomic analysis would be key to understanding transmission dynamics, potential drivers of disease severity, and vaccine development. However, currently, there are limited HAdV-F genomic data globally. Here, we sequenced and analysed HAdV-F from stool samples collected in coastal Kenya between 2013 and 2022. The samples were collected at Kilifi County Hospital in coastal Kenya from children <13 years of age who reported a history of three or more loose stools in the previous 24 hours. The genomes were analysed together with the data from the rest of the world by phylogenetic analysis and mutational profiling. Types and lineages were assigned based on phylogenetic clustering consistent with the previously described criteria and nomenclature. Participant clinical and demographic data were linked to genotypic data. Of ninety-one cases identified using real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, eighty-eight near-complete genomes were assembled, and these were classified into HAdV-F40 (n = 41) and HAdV-F41 (n = 47). These types co-circulated throughout the study period. Three and four distinct lineages were observed for HAdV-F40 (Lineages 1-3) and HAdV-F41 (Lineages 1, 2A, 3A, 3C, and 3D). Types F40 and F41 coinfections were observed in five samples and F41 and B7 in one sample. Two children with F40 and 41 coinfections were also infected with rotavirus and had moderate and severe diseases as defined using the Vesikari Scoring System, respectively. Intratypic recombination was found in four HAdV-F40 sequences occurring between Lineages 1 and 3. None of the HAdV-F41 cases had jaundice. This study provides evidence of extensive genetic diversity, coinfections, and recombination within HAdV-F40 in a rural coastal Kenya that will inform public health policy, vaccine development that includes the locally circulating lineages, and molecular diagnostic assay development. We recommend future comprehensive studies elucidating on HAdV-F genetic diversity and immunity for rational vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnold W Lambisia
- Kenya Medical Research Institute-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, PO Box 230-80108, Kilifi, Kenya
| | - Timothy O Makori
- Kenya Medical Research Institute-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, PO Box 230-80108, Kilifi, Kenya
| | - Martin Mutunga
- Kenya Medical Research Institute-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, PO Box 230-80108, Kilifi, Kenya
| | - Robinson Cheruiyot
- Kenya Medical Research Institute-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, PO Box 230-80108, Kilifi, Kenya
| | - Nickson Murunga
- Kenya Medical Research Institute-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, PO Box 230-80108, Kilifi, Kenya
| | - Joshua Quick
- Institute of Microbiology and Infection, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - George Githinji
- Kenya Medical Research Institute-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, PO Box 230-80108, Kilifi, Kenya
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Pwani University, PO Box 195-80108, Kilifi, Kenya
| | - D James Nokes
- Kenya Medical Research Institute-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, PO Box 230-80108, Kilifi, Kenya
- School of Life Sciences and Zeeman Institute for Systems Biology and Infectious Disease Epidemiology Research (SBIDER), University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | | | - Charles N Agoti
- Kenya Medical Research Institute-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, PO Box 230-80108, Kilifi, Kenya
- School of Public Health, Pwani University, PO Box 195-80108, Kilifi, Kenya
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13
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Fang B, Lai J, Liu Y, Yu TT, Yu X, Li X, Dong L, Zhang X, Yang W, Yan Q, Sun L, Liu LL. Genetic characterization of human adenoviruses in patients using metagenomic next-generation sequencing in Hubei, China, from 2018 to 2019. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1153728. [PMID: 37007506 PMCID: PMC10060807 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1153728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
ObjectivesThis study aimed to characterize the genomic epidemiology of human adenoviruses (HAdVs) in Hubei, China, using metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS).MethodsIn total, 25 HAdV-positive samples collected from 21 pediatric patients were sequenced and subjected to mNGS using the NextSeq 550 and GenoLab M sequencing platforms. The metagenomic data were assembled de novo for molecular typing, phylogenetic and recombination analyzes.ResultsWe assembled 50 HAdV genomes, 88% (22/25) genomes from GenoLab M, and 84% (21/25) genomes from NextSeq 550 have perfect alignments to reference genomes with greater than 90%. The most fully assembled 25 genomes were categorized into 7 HAdV genotypes, the most abundant of which were HAdV-B3 (9/25) and HAdV-C2 (6/25). Phylogenetic analyzes revealed that the newly isolated HAdV-B3 strains diverged into separate clusters according to their genotypes. Vigilance is needed that HAdV-B3 isolates have begun to form new distinct clusters. High nucleotide identity was observed in the whole genome level within the same HAdV genotypes, while marked differences of three capsid genes across HAdV genotypes were noted. The high nucleotide diversity regions were concordant with the reported hypervariable regions. Further, three recombinant strains were identified: S64 and S71 originated from the parental strains HAdV-B14 and HAdV-B11, and S28 originated from HAdV-C1, HAdV-C5, and HAdV-CBJ113. GenoLab M and NextSeq 550 showed comparable performance with respect to data yield, duplication rate, human ratio, and assembly completeness.ConclusionThe sequencing quality and assembly accuracy showed that mNGS assembled genomes can be used for subsequently HAdV genotyping and genomic characterization. The high nucleotide diversity of capsid genes and high frequency of recombination events has highlighted the necessity for HAdV epidemiological surveillance in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Fang
- Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Institute of Health Inspection and Testing, Wuhan, China
| | - Juan Lai
- GeneMind Biosciences Company Limited, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yongfeng Liu
- GeneMind Biosciences Company Limited, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tian-tian Yu
- School of Public Health, Department of Nutritional Hygiene and Toxicology, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao Yu
- Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Institute of Health Inspection and Testing, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Institute of Health Inspection and Testing, Wuhan, China
| | - Lijun Dong
- GeneMind Biosciences Company Limited, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- GeneMind Biosciences Company Limited, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei Yang
- GeneMind Biosciences Company Limited, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qin Yan
- GeneMind Biosciences Company Limited, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lei Sun
- GeneMind Biosciences Company Limited, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Lei Sun,
| | - Lin-lin Liu
- Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Institute of Health Inspection and Testing, Wuhan, China
- Lin-lin Liu,
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14
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Saint-Pierre Contreras G, Conei Valencia D, Lizama L, Vargas Zuñiga D, Avendaño Carvajal LF, Ampuero Llanos S. An Old Acquaintance: Could Adenoviruses Be Our Next Pandemic Threat? Viruses 2023; 15:330. [PMID: 36851544 PMCID: PMC9966032 DOI: 10.3390/v15020330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Human adenoviruses (HAdV) are one of the most important pathogens detected in acute respiratory diseases in pediatrics and immunocompromised patients. In 1953, Wallace Rowe described it for the first time in oropharyngeal lymphatic tissue. To date, more than 110 types of HAdV have been described, with different cellular tropisms. They can cause respiratory and gastrointestinal symptoms, even urinary tract inflammation, although most infections are asymptomatic. However, there is a population at risk that can develop serious and even lethal conditions. These viruses have a double-stranded DNA genome, 25-48 kbp, 90 nm in diameter, without a mantle, are stable in the environment, and resistant to fat-soluble detergents. Currently the diagnosis is made with lateral flow immunochromatography or molecular biology through a polymerase chain reaction. This review aimed to highlight the HAdV variability and the pandemic potential that a HAdV3 and 7 recombinant could have considering the aggressive outbreaks produced in health facilities. Herein, we described the characteristics of HAdV, from the infection to treatment, vaccine development, and the evaluation of the social determinants of health associated with HAdV, suggesting the necessary measures for future sanitary control to prevent disasters such as the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, with an emphasis on the use of recombinant AdV vaccines to control other potential pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Saint-Pierre Contreras
- Programa de Virología, ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Independencia 1027, Santiago 8380453, Chile
- Unidad Microbiología, Hospital Barros Luco Trudeau, Servicio de Salud Metropolitano Sur, Santiago 8900000, Chile
| | - Daniel Conei Valencia
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Aysén, Coyhaique 5951537, Chile
| | - Luis Lizama
- Programa de Virología, ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Independencia 1027, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Daniela Vargas Zuñiga
- Programa de Virología, ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Independencia 1027, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Luis Fidel Avendaño Carvajal
- Programa de Virología, ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Independencia 1027, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Sandra Ampuero Llanos
- Programa de Virología, ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Independencia 1027, Santiago 8380453, Chile
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15
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First Isolation and Identification of Homologous Recombination Events of Porcine Adenovirus from Wild Boar. Viruses 2022; 14:v14112400. [PMID: 36366498 PMCID: PMC9694405 DOI: 10.3390/v14112400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Porcine adenoviruses (PAdVs) are distributed in pig populations and classified into five immunologically distinct serotypes (PAdV-1 to 5). In this study, a PAdV was isolated from a fecal sample of wild boar for the first time. Whole-genome analysis revealed that this strain (Ino5) has sequence homology (approximately > 93%) throughout the genome with the PAdV-5 strain HNF-70 that was isolated from a pig in Japan in 1987, except for the hexon, E3 612R, and fiber coding regions. Two possible recombination breakpoints were detected in the hexon and E3 612R regions, which were found to have reduced GC content. Structural prediction analysis showed that a part of the hexon protein corresponding to the tower region of Ino5 had structural differences when compared with HNF-70, suggesting antigenic heterogeneity between these strains. PAdVs were detected in 1.77% (2/113) and 12% (12/100) of the fecal samples from wild boars and pigs collected in Japan by PCR, respectively. Phylogenetic analyses of the hexon and fiber genes revealed that some samples showed different grouping in the hexon and fiber genes, suggesting that these viruses have recombination events. These findings suggest that the PAdV-5 has evolved with homologous recombination events in the same manner as human adenoviruses among not only pig populations, but also wild boars in Japan.
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16
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Tian J, Xu Z, Moitra R, Palmer DJ, Ng P, Byrnes AP. Binding of adenovirus species C hexon to prothrombin and the influence of hexon on vector properties in vitro and in vivo. PLoS Pathog 2022; 18:e1010859. [PMID: 36156097 PMCID: PMC9536601 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The majority of adenovirus (Ad) vectors are based on human Ad type 5, which is a member of Ad species C. Species C also includes the closely-related types 1, 2, 6, 57 and 89. It is known that coagulation factors bind to Ad5 hexon and play a key role in the liver tropism of Ad5 vectors, but it is unclear how coagulation factors affect vectors derived from other species C Ads. We evaluated species C Ad vectors both in vitro and following intravenous injection in mice. To assess the impact of hexon differences, we constructed chimeric Ad5 vectors that contain the hexon hypervariable regions from other species C types, including vectors with hexon mutations that decreased coagulation factor binding. After intravenous injection into mice, vectors with Ad5 or Ad6 hexon had strong liver tropism, while vectors with chimeric hexon from other Ad types had weaker liver tropism due to inhibition by natural antibodies and complement. In addition, we discovered a novel ability of hexon to bind prothrombin, which is the most abundant coagulation factor in blood, and we found striking differences in the affinity of Ads for human, mouse and bovine coagulation factors. When compared to Ad5, vectors with non-Ad5 species C hexons had considerably higher affinity for both human and mouse prothrombin. Most of the vectors tested were strongly dependent on coagulation factors for liver transduction, but vectors with chimeric Ad6 hexon showed much less dependence on coagulation factors than other vectors. We found that in vitro neutralization experiments with mouse serum predicted in vivo behavior of Ad5 vectors, but in vitro experiments did not predict the in vivo behavior of vectors based on other Ad types. In sum, hexons from different human Ad species C viruses confer diverse properties on vectors, including differing abilities to target the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Tian
- Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, FDA Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Zhili Xu
- Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, FDA Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Rituparna Moitra
- Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, FDA Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Donna J. Palmer
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Philip Ng
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Andrew P. Byrnes
- Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, FDA Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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17
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Bots STF, Kemp V, Dautzenberg IJC, Hoeben RC. Genome Analyses of Ten New Ape Adenoviruses with Similarity to Human Mastadenovirus C. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:9832. [PMID: 36077230 PMCID: PMC9456536 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The adenoviruses (AdVs) isolated from humans are taxonomically grouped in seven different species in the Mastadenovirus genus (HAdV-A through G). AdVs isolated from apes are often included in one of the human AdV species. Here we describe the sequence analyses of ten new AdVs that are related to the HAdV-C species and that were isolated from healthy western lowland gorillas, bonobos, chimpanzees, and orangutans kept in Dutch zoos. We analyzed these viruses and compared their genome sequences to those of human- and ape-derived AdV sequences in the NCBI GenBank database. Our data demonstrated that the ape-derived viruses clustering to HAdV-C are markedly distinct from the human HAdV-C species in the size and nucleotide composition (%GC) of their genome, differ in the amino-acid sequence of AdV proteins, and have longer RGD-loops in their penton-base proteins. The viruses form three well-separated clades (the human, the gorilla, and the combined group of the bonobo and chimpanzee viruses), and we propose that these should each be given species-level ranks. The Ad-lumc005 AdV isolated from orangutans was found to be very similar to the gorilla AdVs, and bootstrap inference provided evidence of recombination between the orangutan AdV and the gorilla AdVs. This suggests that this virus may not be a genuine orangutan AdV but may have been transferred from a gorilla to an orangutan host.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Rob C. Hoeben
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZC Leiden, The Netherlands
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18
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Beloukhova MI, Lukashev AN, Volchkov PY, Zamyatnin AA, Deviatkin AA. Robust AAV Genotyping Based on Genetic Distances in Rep Gene That Are Maintained by Ubiquitous Recombination. Viruses 2022; 14:1038. [PMID: 35632781 PMCID: PMC9143360 DOI: 10.3390/v14051038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) are a convenient tool for gene therapy delivery. According to the current classification, they are divided into the species AAV A and AAV B within the genus Dependoparvovirus. Historically AAVs were also subdivided on the intraspecies level into 13 serotypes, which differ in tissue tropism and targeted gene delivery capacity. Serotype, however, is not a universal taxonomic category, and their assignment is not always robust. Cross-reactivity has been shown, indicating that classification could not rely on the results of serological tests alone. Moreover, since the isolation of AAV4, all subsequent AAVs were subdivided into serotypes based primarily on genetic differences and phylogenetic reconstructions. An increased interest in the use of AAV as a gene delivery tool justifies the need to improve the existing classification. Here, we suggest genotype-based AAV classification below the species level based on the rep gene. A robust threshold was established as 10% nt differences within the 1248 nt genome fragment, with 4 distinct AAV genotypes identified. This distinct sub-species structure is maintained by ubiquitous recombination within, but not between, rep genes of the suggested genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina I. Beloukhova
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Alexander N. Lukashev
- Martsinovsky Institute of Medical Parasitology, Tropical and Vector-Borne Diseases, First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Pavel Y. Volchkov
- Genome Engineering Lab, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University), 141700 Dolgoprudniy, Russia;
- The National Medical Research Center for Endocrinology, 117036 Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey A. Zamyatnin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Biotechnology, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 1 Olympic Ave, 354340 Sochi, Russia
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Andrei A. Deviatkin
- Genome Engineering Lab, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University), 141700 Dolgoprudniy, Russia;
- The National Medical Research Center for Endocrinology, 117036 Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Postgenomic Technologies, Izmerov Research Institute of Occupational Health, 105275 Moscow, Russia
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19
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Outbreaks of severe, acute hepatitis among children have recently attracted global attention. The pathogen causing the outbreak remains unknown, but there is growing evidence that it may be associated with human adenovirus (HAdV). DATA SOURCES A review of adenovirus-related clinical studies, epidemiological studies, etiological studies, and case reports was conducted by reviewers independently. RESULTS HAdV can cause a wide variety of clinical symptoms. In the Mainland of China, HAdV infection accounts for 5.8%-13% of patients with acute respiratory infections, and these infections are mainly caused by species B, C, and E of HAdV. For acute conjunctivitis, 39.8%-74.9% of sporadic cases were infected by B and D species of HAdV. Outbreaks of keratoconjunctivitis and pharyngoconjunctival fever related to HAdV infection could be found throughout the country. In pediatric patients with acute gastroenteritis, HAdV-41 was the predominant HAdV type, followed by HAdV species B and C. Several types of HAdV, including HAdV-5, HAdV-7, HAdV-1, and HAdV-2, have previously been reported as potential pathogens associated with HAdV hepatitis in immunocompromised patients. However, few HAdV-related hepatitis cases have been reported in China to date. CONCLUSIONS There are no systematic surveillance and clinical studies on HAdV hepatitis in China. Therefore, it is imperative to establish a nationwide HAdV virological surveillance system to collect relevant clinical, epidemiological and virological surveillance data and risk factor information as soon as possible to assess the potential risk of HAdV hepatitis among children.
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20
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Akello JO, Kamgang R, Barbani MT, Suter-Riniker F, Aebi C, Beuret C, Paris DH, Leib SL, Ramette A. Genomic analyses of human adenoviruses unravel novel recombinant genotypes associated with severe infections in pediatric patients. Sci Rep 2021; 11:24038. [PMID: 34912023 PMCID: PMC8674331 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03445-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) are highly contagious pathogens of clinical importance, especially among the pediatric population. Studies on comparative viral genomic analysis of cases associated with severe and mild infections due to HAdV are limited. Using whole-genome sequencing (WGS), we investigated whether there were any differences between circulating HAdV strains associated with severe infections (meningitis, sepsis, convulsion, sudden infant death syndrome, death, and hospitalization) and mild clinical presentations in pediatric patients hospitalized between the years 1998 and 2017 in a tertiary care hospital group in Bern, Switzerland covering a population base of approx. 2 million inhabitants. The HAdV species implicated in causing severe infections in this study included HAdV species C genotypes (HAdV1, HAdV2, and HAdV5). Clustering of the HAdV whole-genome sequences of the severe and mild cases did not show any differences except for one sample (isolated from a patient presenting with sepsis, meningitis, and hospitalization) that formed its own cluster with HAdV species C genotypes. This isolate showed intertypic recombination events involving four genotypes, had the highest homology to HAdV89 at complete genome level, but possessed the fiber gene of HAdV1, thereby representing a novel genotype of HAdV species C. The incidence of potential recombination events was higher in severe cases than in mild cases. Our findings confirm that recombination among HAdVs is important for molecular evolution and emergence of new strains. Therefore, further research on HAdVs, particularly among susceptible groups, is needed and continuous surveillance is required for public health preparedness including outbreak investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyce Odeke Akello
- Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Friedbühlstrasse 51, 3001, Bern, Switzerland.,Spiez Laboratory, Biology Division, Swiss Federal Office for Civil Protection, Spiez, Switzerland.,Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Richard Kamgang
- Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Friedbühlstrasse 51, 3001, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Maria Teresa Barbani
- Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Friedbühlstrasse 51, 3001, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Franziska Suter-Riniker
- Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Friedbühlstrasse 51, 3001, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Aebi
- Department of Pediatrics, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christian Beuret
- Spiez Laboratory, Biology Division, Swiss Federal Office for Civil Protection, Spiez, Switzerland
| | - Daniel H Paris
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stephen L Leib
- Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Friedbühlstrasse 51, 3001, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Alban Ramette
- Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Friedbühlstrasse 51, 3001, Bern, Switzerland.
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21
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Adenovirus Type 6: Subtle Structural Distinctions from Adenovirus Type 5 Result in Essential Differences in Properties and Perspectives for Gene Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13101641. [PMID: 34683934 PMCID: PMC8540711 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13101641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Adenovirus vectors are the most frequently used agents for gene therapy, including oncolytic therapy and vaccine development. It’s hard to overestimate the value of adenoviruses during the COVID-19 pandemic as to date four out of four approved viral vector-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccines are developed on adenovirus platform. The vast majority of adenoviral vectors are based on the most studied human adenovirus type 5 (HAdV-C5), however, its immunogenicity often hampers the clinical translation of HAdV-C5 vectors. The search of less seroprevalent adenovirus types led to another species C adenovirus, Adenovirus type 6 (HAdV-C6). HAdV-C6 possesses high oncolytic efficacy against multiple cancer types and remarkable ability to induce the immune response towards carrying antigens. Being genetically very close to HAdV-C5, HAdV-C6 differs from HAdV-C5 in structure of the most abundant capsid protein, hexon. This leads to the ability of HAdV-C6 to evade the uptake by Kupffer cells as well as to distinct opsonization by immunoglobulins and other blood proteins, influencing the overall biodistribution of HAdV-C6 after systemic administration. This review describes the structural features of HAdV-C6, its interaction with liver cells and blood factors, summarizes the previous experiences using HAdV-C6, and provides the rationale behind the use of HAdV-C6 for vaccine and anticancer drugs developments.
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22
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Myers CE, Houldcroft CJ, Roy S, Margetts BK, Best T, Venturini C, Guerra-Assunção JA, Williams CA, Williams R, Dunn H, Hartley JC, Rao K, Rolfe KJ, Breuer J. Using Whole Genome Sequences to Investigate Adenovirus Outbreaks in a Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Unit. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:667790. [PMID: 34276599 PMCID: PMC8284422 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.667790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A recent surge in human mastadenovirus (HAdV) cases, including five deaths, amongst a haematopoietic stem cell transplant population led us to use whole genome sequencing (WGS) to investigate. We compared sequences from 37 patients collected over a 20-month period with sequences from GenBank and our own database of HAdVs. Maximum likelihood trees and pairwise differences were used to evaluate genotypic relationships, paired with the epidemiological data from routine infection prevention and control (IPC) records and hospital activity data. During this time period, two formal outbreaks had been declared by IPC, while WGS detected nine monophyletic clusters, seven were corroborated by epidemiological evidence and by comparison of single-nucleotide polymorphisms. One of the formal outbreaks was confirmed, and the other was not. Of the five HAdV-associated deaths, three were unlinked and the remaining two considered the source of transmission. Mixed infection was frequent (10%), providing a sentinel source of recombination and superinfection. Immunosuppressed patients harboring a high rate of HAdV positivity require comprehensive surveillance. As a consequence of these findings, HAdV WGS is being incorporated routinely into clinical practice to influence IPC policy contemporaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe E Myers
- Cambridge Clinical Microbiology and Public Health Laboratory, Public Health England, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Sunando Roy
- Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ben K Margetts
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy Best
- Department of Microbiology, Virology and Infection Prevention and Control, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Cristina Venturini
- Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Charlotte A Williams
- Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel Williams
- Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Helen Dunn
- Department of Microbiology, Virology and Infection Prevention and Control, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - John C Hartley
- Department of Microbiology, Virology and Infection Prevention and Control, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kanchan Rao
- Department of Microbiology, Virology and Infection Prevention and Control, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kathryn J Rolfe
- Cambridge Clinical Microbiology and Public Health Laboratory, Public Health England, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Judith Breuer
- Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Microbiology, Virology and Infection Prevention and Control, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
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23
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Chandra P, Lo M, Mitra S, Banerjee A, Saha P, Okamoto K, Deb AK, Ghosh SK, Manna A, Dutta S, Chawla-Sarkar M. Genetic characterization and phylogenetic variations of human adenovirus-F strains circulating in eastern India during 2017-2020. J Med Virol 2021; 93:6180-6190. [PMID: 34138479 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.27136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Human adenovirus-F (HAdV-F) (genotype 40/41) is the second-most leading cause of pediatric gastroenteritis after rotavirus, worldwide, accounting for 2.8%-11.8% of infantile diarrheal cases. Earlier studies across eastern India revealed a shift in the predominance of genotypes from HAdV41 in 2007-09 to HAdV40 in 2013-14. Thus, the surveillance for HAdV-F genotypes in this geographical setting was undertaken over 2017-2020 to analyze the viral evolutionary dynamics. A total of 3882 stool samples collected from children (≤5 years) were screened for HAdV-F positivity by conventional PCR. The hypervariable regions of the hexon and the partial shaft region of long fiber genes were amplified, sequenced, and phylogenetically analyzed with respect to the prototype strains. A marginal decrease in enteric HAdV prevalence was observed (9.04%, n = 351/3882) compared to the previous report (11.8%) in this endemic setting. Children <2 years were found most vulnerable to enteric HAdV infection. Reduction in adenovirus-rotavirus co-infection was evident compared to the sole adenovirus infection. HAdV-F genotypes 40 and 41 were found to co-circulate, but HAdV41 was predominant. HAdV40 strains were genetically conserved, whereas HAdV41 strains accumulated new mutations. On the basis of a different set of mutations in their genome, HAdV41 strains segregated into 2 genome type clusters (GTCs). Circulating HAdV41 strains clustered with GTC1 of the fiber gene, for the first time during this study period. This study will provide much-needed baseline data on the emergence and circulation of HAdV40/41 strains for future vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pritam Chandra
- Division of Virology, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Beliaghata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Mahadeb Lo
- Division of Virology, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Beliaghata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Suvrotoa Mitra
- Division of Virology, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Beliaghata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Anindita Banerjee
- Division of Virology, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Beliaghata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Priyanka Saha
- Division of Virology, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Beliaghata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Keinosuke Okamoto
- Collaborative Research Centre of Okayama University for Infectious Disease at Indian ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Beliaghata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Alok Kumar Deb
- Division of Epidemiology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Beliaghata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Sanat Kumar Ghosh
- Dr. B.C. Roy Post Graduate Institute of Pediatric Sciences, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Asis Manna
- Infectious diseases and Beliaghata General (ID & BG) Hospital, Beliaghata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Shanta Dutta
- Regional Virus Research and Diagnostic Laboratory, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Beliaghata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Mamta Chawla-Sarkar
- Division of Virology, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Beliaghata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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24
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Bastug A, Altas AB, Koc BT, Bayrakdar F, Korukluoglu G, Bodur H, Oguzoglu TC. Molecular characterization of human adenoviruses associated with respiratory infection in Turkey. APMIS 2020; 129:23-31. [PMID: 33015856 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) are responsible for various clinical diseases. Molecular epidemiological studies of respiratory HAdVs are limited in Turkey. To determine the main genotypes and epidemiological characteristics of HAdVs in patients with respiratory symptoms. HAdV PCR-positive extracts of nasal/nasopharyngeal specimens sent to the Turkish Public Health Institution from various cities of Turkey in 2015-2016 were investigated by seminested PCR. Partial sequence analysis of the hexon gene of HAdVs was performed. SPSSv.24.0 was used. A total of 23/68 (33.82%) HAdV-positive samples were amplified. Mastadenovirus B, C, D, and F were detected and mastadenovirus B (10/23; 43.5%) and C (10/23; 43.5%) were predominant strains. Interestingly, HAdV-F known to have gastrointestinal system tropism was detected in two patients with respiratory symptoms. HAdV-B3 was the most prevalent genotype (9/23; 39.1%). Also, HAdV-B7 is defined as a reemerging pathogen. It is noteworthy that there is a cluster of four HAdV-C strains showing a close paraphyletic relationship with HAdV-2/6 intertypic recombination. To our knowledge, this is the first study showing that HAdV-B7 reemerging pathogen circulating in patients with respiratory infections in our country. It is also necessary to emphasize that HAdV-2/6 recombinant strains were detected in this study for the first time in Turkey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliye Bastug
- Department of Infectious Disease and Clinical Microbiology, Ankara City Hospital, University of Health Sciences Turkey, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayse Basak Altas
- National Virology Reference Laboratory, General Directorate of Public Health, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Bahattin Taylan Koc
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey
| | - Fatma Bayrakdar
- National Virology Reference Laboratory, General Directorate of Public Health, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gülay Korukluoglu
- National Virology Reference Laboratory, General Directorate of Public Health, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hurrem Bodur
- Department of Infectious Disease and Clinical Microbiology, Ankara City Hospital, University of Health Sciences Turkey, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Tuba Cigdem Oguzoglu
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
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25
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Yu J, Zhao S, Rao H. Molecular Characterization of Human Respiratory Adenoviruses Infection in Xining City, China In 2018. Virol Sin 2020; 36:545-549. [PMID: 32926331 PMCID: PMC8257811 DOI: 10.1007/s12250-020-00282-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Yu
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, 046000, China.,Center of Hygiene Inspection, Qinghai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xining, 810007, China
| | - Shengcang Zhao
- Center of Hygiene Inspection, Qinghai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xining, 810007, China
| | - Huaxiang Rao
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, 046000, China. .,Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Qinghai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xining, 810007, China.
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26
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Yu J, Zhao S, Rao H. Whole genomic analysis of a potential recombinant human adenovirus type 1 in Qinghai plateau, China. Virol J 2020; 17:111. [PMID: 32698808 PMCID: PMC7376653 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-020-01387-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) are prevalent in patients with respiratory infections, in which recombination has important implications for viral detection and pathogenicity. However, less HAdVs recombination was reported in Qinghai plateau. In this study, we obtained an HAdV-C strain (QH-1665/2018) isolated from an infant aged one month with influenza-like illness in Qinghai Province in 2018. The whole genome sequence was generated by next-generation sequencing, and compared with that of other HAdV-C strains available in public. The strain QH-1665/2018 genome is comprised of 36,014 nucleotides and encoded 36 putative proteins. Phylogenetic analysis of complete HAdV genomes and 3 major antigen genes (penton, hexon and fiber) showed that strain QH-1665/2018 was clustered into HAdV-1 [P1H1F1]. Recombination analysis based on the RDP4 package and SimPlot software showed that QH-1665/2018 was a recombinant involving HAdV-1, HAdV-2 and HAdV-5, which was then re-confirmed by phylogenetic analysis. Our results suggest that HAdV-C recombination is highly complex, should be focused on, and the epidemiological and virological surveillance should be strengthened in Qinghai Province.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Yu
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Changzhi Medical College, 161 Jiefang East Street, Changzhi, 046000, China
| | - Shengcang Zhao
- Center of Hygiene Inspection, Qinghai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 55 Bayi Middle Road, Xining, 810007, China
| | - Huaxiang Rao
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Changzhi Medical College, 161 Jiefang East Street, Changzhi, 046000, China.
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27
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Schachner A, Gonzalez G, Endler L, Ito K, Hess M. Fowl Adenovirus (FAdV) Recombination with Intertypic Crossovers in Genomes of FAdV-D and FAdV-E, Displaying Hybrid Serological Phenotypes. Viruses 2019; 11:v11121094. [PMID: 31779121 PMCID: PMC6950264 DOI: 10.3390/v11121094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
After analyzing 27 new genomes from fowl adenovirus (FAdV) field isolates and so-far unsequenced prototypes, we report the first evidence for recombination in FAdVs. Recombination was confined to species FAdV-D and FAdV-E, accommodating the largest number of, and the intraspecies-wise most differentiated, types. The majority of detected events occurred in FAdV-E, involving segments with parental origin of all constitutive types. Together with the diversity of breakpoints, this suggests widespread recombination in this species. With possible constraints through species-specific genes and diversification patterns, the recombinogenic potential of FAdVs attains particular interest for inclusion body hepatitis (IBH), an important disease in chickens, caused by types from the recombination-prone species. Autonomously evolving, recombinant segments were associated with major sites under positive selection, among them the capsid protein hexon and fiber genes, the right-terminal ORFs 19, 25, and the ORF20/20A family. The observed mosaicism in genes indicated as targets of adaptive pressures points toward an immune evasion strategy. Intertypic hexon/fiber-recombinants demonstrated hybrid neutralization profiles, retrospectively explaining reported controversies on reference strains B3-A, T8-A, and X11-A. Furthermore, cross-neutralization supported sequence-based evidence for interdomain recombination in fiber and contributed to a tentatively new type. Overall, our findings challenge the purported uniformity of types responsible for IBH, urging more complete identification strategies for FAdVs. Finally, important consequences arise for in vivo studies investigating cross-protection against IBH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Schachner
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Poultry Vaccines, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-1-25077-4727
| | - Gabriel Gonzalez
- Division of Bioinformatics, Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan; (G.G.); (K.I.)
| | - Lukas Endler
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Platform, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Kimihito Ito
- Division of Bioinformatics, Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan; (G.G.); (K.I.)
| | - Michael Hess
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Poultry Vaccines, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria;
- University Clinic for Poultry and Fish Medicine, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria
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28
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Mao N, Zhu Z, Rivailler P, Yang J, Li Q, Han G, Yin J, Yu D, Sun L, Jiang H, Zhan Z, Xiang X, Mei H, Wang X, Zhang B, Yu P, Li H, Lei Z, Xu W. Multiple divergent Human mastadenovirus C co-circulating in mainland of China. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2019; 76:104035. [PMID: 31505276 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2019.104035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The human mastadenovirus C (HAdV-C) cause respiratory infections in children. Homologous recombination was clearly involved in the molecular evolution of HAdV-A, B, and D, but little is known about the molecular evolution of HAdV-C. From 2000 to 2016, 201 HAdV-C strains were collected from nine provinces covering six administrative regions of mainland of China via 3 existing surveillance programs, namely the febrile respiratory syndrome surveillance, the acute flaccid paralysis surveillance, and the hand, foot, and mouth disease surveillance system. The genes coding for the capsid protein (penton base, hexon, and fiber) of 201 HAdV-C strains were sequenced and compared with representative sequences publicly available. In addition, the whole genome sequence of 24 representative strains of HAdV-C was generated for further recombination analysis. Phylogenetic analysis of the penton base sequences of HAdV-C revealed six genetic groups (labelled as Px1-6), which showed that the penton base had more variation than previously thought. Based on the penton base, hexon, and fiber gene sequences, 16 new genetic patterns of HAdV-C circulating in mainland of China were identified in this study. Whole genome sequence analysis revealed frequent recombination events among HAdV-C genomes. This study is highly beneficial for case classification, tracking the transmission chain, and further epidemiological exploration of HAdV-C-related severe clinical diseases in the near future. Our data demonstrated that multiple newly divergent HAdV-C co-circulated across mainland China during the research period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naiying Mao
- WHO WPRO Regional Reference Measles, Rubella Laboratory and Key Laboratory of Medical Virology Ministry of Health, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Zhu
- WHO WPRO Regional Reference Measles, Rubella Laboratory and Key Laboratory of Medical Virology Ministry of Health, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Pierre Rivailler
- WHO WPRO Regional Reference Measles, Rubella Laboratory and Key Laboratory of Medical Virology Ministry of Health, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Jianfang Yang
- Shanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Taiyuan, China
| | - Qi Li
- Hebei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Guangyue Han
- Hebei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jie Yin
- Yunnan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming, China
| | - Deshan Yu
- Gansu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lanzhou, China
| | - Liwei Sun
- Changchun Children's Hospital, Changchun, China
| | | | - Zhifei Zhan
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha, China
| | - Xingyu Xiang
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha, China
| | - Hong Mei
- Xizang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lasa, China
| | - Xianjun Wang
- Shandong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, China
| | - Pengbo Yu
- Shaanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xian, China
| | - Hong Li
- WHO WPRO Regional Reference Measles, Rubella Laboratory and Key Laboratory of Medical Virology Ministry of Health, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China; Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China
| | - Zhenqiang Lei
- WHO WPRO Regional Reference Measles, Rubella Laboratory and Key Laboratory of Medical Virology Ministry of Health, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Wenbo Xu
- WHO WPRO Regional Reference Measles, Rubella Laboratory and Key Laboratory of Medical Virology Ministry of Health, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
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29
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Kosulin K. Intestinal HAdV Infection: Tissue Specificity, Persistence, and Implications for Antiviral Therapy. Viruses 2019; 11:v11090804. [PMID: 31480296 PMCID: PMC6783822 DOI: 10.3390/v11090804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Human adenovirus (HAdV) causes infections predominantly in early childhood and the tissue tropism of specific HAdV species determines the clinical manifestation, including infections of the gastrointestinal tract, respiratory tract, and keratoconjunctivitis. Why HAdV shows such a tropism has not yet been fully elucidated, but in the intestine different mechanisms for virus entry or resistence to immune modulatory factors have been described. Recently identified antiviral strategies by interferons provide evidence about the repression of E1A and maybe even promote HAdV persistence. The presence of HAdV in a persistent status in the gut is of importance in the setting of pediatric stem cell transplant recipients where HAdV detection in stool usually preceds clinical signs and severe infections are related to mortality. The reactivation of persistent intestinal HAdV infections in these patients needs further investigation also with regard to successful therapy options. In addition, several newly identified recombinant HAdV types have been isolated from stool samples, thus raising the question of possible recombination events in the gut. In this review, intestinal HAdV infections are discussed in relation to the tissue tropism, persistence, recombination, and new in-vitro models to enhance the knowledge about virus–host interactions and support the development of new treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Kosulin
- Molecular Microbiology, Children's Cancer Research Institute, Zimmermannplatz 10, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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Cinek O, Kramna L, Mazankova K, Kunteová K, Chudá K, C J Claas E, Stene LC, Tapia G. Virus genotyping by massive parallel amplicon sequencing: adenovirus and enterovirus in the Norwegian MIDIA study. J Med Virol 2018; 91:606-614. [PMID: 30537228 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.25361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Direct genotyping of adenovirus or enterovirus from clinical material using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by Sanger sequencing is often difficult due to the presence of multiple virus types in a sample, or due to varying efficacy of PCR amplifying the capsid gene on the background of foreign nucleic acids. Here we present a simple protocol for virus genotyping using massive parallel amplicon sequencing. METHODS The protocol utilized a set of 16 tailed degenerate primers flanking the seventh hypervariable region of the adenovirus hexon gene and 9 tailed degenerate primers targeted to the proximal portion of the enterovirus VP1 gene. Subsequent addition of dual indices enabled simultaneous sequencing of 384 different samples on an Illumina MiSeq instrument. Downstream bioinformatic analysis was based on remapping to a set of references representative of the presently known repertoire of virus types. RESULTS After validation with known virus types, the sequencing method was applied on 301 adenovirus-positive samples and 350 enterovirus-positive samples from a longitudinally collected series of stools from 83 children aged 3 to 36 months. We detected 7 different adenovirus types and 27 different enterovirus types. There were 37 (6.2%) samples containing more than one genotype of the same viral genus. At least one dual infection was experienced by 23 of 83 (28%) of the children observed over the 3 years' observation period. CONCLUSIONS Amplicon sequencing with a multiplex set of degenerate primers seems to be a rapid and reliable technical solution for genotyping of large collections of samples where simultaneous infections with multiple strains can be expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ondrej Cinek
- Department of Pediatrics, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Kramna
- Department of Pediatrics, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Karla Mazankova
- Department of Pediatrics, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Kunteová
- Department of Pediatrics, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Chudá
- Department of Pediatrics, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Eric C J Claas
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Lars C Stene
- Division of Mental and Physical Health, Department of Chronic Diseases and Ageing, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - German Tapia
- Division of Mental and Physical Health, Department of Chronic Diseases and Ageing, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
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Houldcroft CJ, Beale MA, Sayeed MA, Qadri F, Dougan G, Mutreja A. Identification of novel adenovirus genotype 90 in children from Bangladesh. Microb Genom 2018; 4. [PMID: 30248001 PMCID: PMC6249435 DOI: 10.1099/mgen.0.000221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel adenovirus genotypes are associated with outbreaks of disease, such as acute gastroenteritis, renal disease, upper respiratory tract infection and keratoconjunctivitis. Here, we identify novel and variant adenovirus genotypes in children coinfected with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, in Bangladesh. Metagenomic sequencing of stool was performed and whole adenovirus genomes were extracted. A novel species D virus, designated genotype 90 (P33H27F67) was identified, and the partial genome of a putative recombinant species B virus was recovered. Furthermore, the enteric types HAdV-A61 and HAdV-A40 were found in stool specimens. Knowledge of the diversity of adenovirus genomes circulating worldwide, especially in low-income countries where the burden of disease is high, will be required to ensure that future vaccination strategies cover the diversity of adenovirus strains associated with disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mathew A Beale
- 2Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | - Md Abu Sayeed
- 3International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Firdausi Qadri
- 3International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Gordon Dougan
- 1Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ankur Mutreja
- 1Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Han JW, La TM, Kim JH, Choi IS, Song CS, Park SY, Lee JB, Lee SW. The possible origin of human adenovirus type 3: Evidence of natural genetic recombination between human and simian adenovirus. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2018; 65:380-384. [PMID: 30144567 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2018.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
We determined a complete genome sequence of the Korean field strain, KUMC-62, of human adenovirus type 3 (HAdV-3) and performed comparative genome analyses. Interestingly HAdV-3 has a distinct genomic sequence for the fiber CDS region on average 62.46% of nucleotide sequence identity to other types of HAdV-B1, while remaining genomic region of HAdV-3 is very similar (on average 95.71% of nucleotide sequence identity) to other types of HAdV-B1. The blast results showed that the fiber CDS region of HAdV-3 exhibited the highest nucleotide sequence identity with that of simian adenovirus type 32 (SAdV-32), except other strains of HAdV-3. In the Simplot analysis, a potential recombination event was detected between HAdV-7 and SAdV-32, which might have created HAdV-3 in the past. These findings suggest that HAdV-3 highly likely was created by a natural inter-species recombination event between human and non-human primate AdVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Wung Han
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Min La
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hoon Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea; BioCore Co., Ltd, 33 Digitalro 9-ghil, Geumcheon-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Soo Choi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Seon Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Yong Park
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joong-Bok Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Won Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Feghoul L, Mercier-Delarue S, Salmona M, Ntsiba N, Dalle JH, Baruchel A, Klonjkowski B, Richardson J, Simon F, LeGoff J. Genetic diversity of the human adenovirus species C DNA polymerase. Antiviral Res 2018; 156:1-9. [PMID: 29842914 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2018.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human Adenovirus (HAdV) are responsible for severe infections in hematopoietic stem cells transplant (HSCT) recipient, species C viruses being the most commonly observed in this population. There is no approved antiviral treatment yet. Cidofovir (CDV), a cytidine analog, is the most frequently used and its lipophilic conjugate, brincidofovir (BCV), is under clinical development. These drugs target the viral DNA polymerase (DNA pol). Little is known about the natural polymorphism of HAdV DNA pol in clinical strains. METHODS We assessed the inter- and intra-species variability of the whole gene coding for HAdV DNA pol of HAdV clinical strains of species C. The study included 60 species C HAdV (21 C1, 27 C2 and 12 C5) strains isolated from patients with symptomatic infections who had never experienced CDV or BCV treatments and 20 reference strains. We also evaluated the emergence of mutations in thrirteen patients with persistent HAdV infection despite antiviral treatment. RESULTS We identified 356 polymorphic nucleotide positions (9.9% of the whole gene), including 102 positions with nonsynonymous mutations (28.0%) representing 8.7% of all amino acids. The mean numbers of nucleotide and amino acid mutations per strain were 23.1 (±6.2) and 5.2 (±2.4) respectively. Most of amino acid substitutions (60.6%) were observed in one instance only. A minority (13.8%) were observed in more than 10% of all strains. The most variable region was the NH2 terminal domain (44.2% of amino acid mutations). Mutations in the exonuclease domain accounted for 27.8%. The binding domains for the terminal protein (TPR), TPR1 and TPR2, presented a limited number of mutations, which were nonetheless frequently observed (62.5% and 58.8% of strains for TPR1 and TPR2, respectively). None of the mutations associated with CDV or BCV resistance were detected. In patients receieving antiviral drugs with persistent HAdV replication, we identified a new mutation in the NH2 terminal region. CONCLUSIONS Our study shows a high diversity in HAdV DNA pol sequences in clinical species C HAdV and provides a comprehensive mapping of its natural polymorphism. These data will contribute to the interpretation of HAdV DNA pol mutations selected in patients receiving antiviral treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Feghoul
- Paris Diderot University, Pres Sorbone Paris Cité, Inserm U941, Microbiology Laboratory, Hôpital Saint-Louis, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Séverine Mercier-Delarue
- Paris Diderot University, Pres Sorbone Paris Cité, Inserm U941, Microbiology Laboratory, Hôpital Saint-Louis, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Maud Salmona
- Paris Diderot University, Pres Sorbone Paris Cité, Inserm U941, Microbiology Laboratory, Hôpital Saint-Louis, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Nora Ntsiba
- Paris Diderot University, Pres Sorbone Paris Cité, Inserm U941, Microbiology Laboratory, Hôpital Saint-Louis, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Hugues Dalle
- Paris Diderot University, Pres Sorbone Paris Cité, Hematology Department, Hôpital Robert Debré, APHP, Paris, France
| | - André Baruchel
- Paris Diderot University, Pres Sorbone Paris Cité, Hematology Department, Hôpital Robert Debré, APHP, Paris, France
| | | | | | - François Simon
- Paris Diderot University, Pres Sorbone Paris Cité, Inserm U941, Microbiology Laboratory, Hôpital Saint-Louis, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Jérôme LeGoff
- Paris Diderot University, Pres Sorbone Paris Cité, Inserm U941, Microbiology Laboratory, Hôpital Saint-Louis, APHP, Paris, France.
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Nguyen TV, Crosby CM, Heller GJ, Mendel ZI, Barry ME, Barry MA. Oncolytic adenovirus Ad657 for systemic virotherapy against prostate cancer. Oncolytic Virother 2018; 7:43-51. [PMID: 29765912 PMCID: PMC5939883 DOI: 10.2147/ov.s155946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Human species C adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5) is the archetype oncolytic adenovirus and has been used in the vast majority of preclinical and clinical tests. While Ad5 can be robust, species C Ad6 has lower seroprevalence, side effects, and appears to be more potent as a systemic therapy against a number of tumors than Ad5. Historically, there have only been four species C human adenoviruses: serotypes 1, 2, 5, and 6. More recently a new species C adenovirus, Ad57, was identified. Ad57 is most similar to Ad6 with virtually all variation in their capsid proteins occurring in the hypervariable regions (HVRs) of their hexon proteins. Most adenovirus neutralizing antibodies target the HVRs on adenoviruses. This led us to replace the hexon HVRs in Ad6 with those from Ad57 to create a new virus called Ad657 and explore this novel species C platform’s utility as an oncolytic virus. Methods The HVR region from Ad57 was synthesized and used to replace the Ad6 HVR region by homologous recombination in bacteria generating a new viral platform that we call Ad657. Replication-competent Ad5, Ad6, and Ad657 were compared in vitro and in vivo for liver damage and oncolytic efficacy against prostate cancers after single intravenous treatment in mice. Results Ad5, Ad6, and Ad657 had similar in vitro oncolytic activity against human prostate cancer cells. Ad5 provoked the highest level of liver toxicity after intravenous injection and Ad657 caused the least damage in mice. Previous data demonstrated that Ad6 was superior to Ad5 at killing distant subcutaneous prostate cancer tumors in mouse models after a intravenous injection. Given this, Ad657 was compared to the Ad6 benchmark virus by single intravenous injection into mice bearing subcutaneous human DU145 prostate cancers. Under these conditions, Ad657 first infected the liver and then reached distant tumors. Both Ad6 and Ad657 mediated significant delays in tumor growth and extension of survival with Ad6 mediating higher efficacy. Conclusions These data suggest that Ad657 may have utility as a local or systemic oncolytic virotherapy for prostate cancers. These data also lay the foundation for serotype-switching with oncolytic species C Ads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tien V Nguyen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases
| | - Catherine M Crosby
- Virology and Gene Therapy Graduate Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Gregory J Heller
- Postbaccalaureate Research Education Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Zachary I Mendel
- Postbaccalaureate Research Education Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Mary E Barry
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases
| | - Michael A Barry
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases.,Department of Immunology.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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Tatsumi C, Iizuka S, Mita T, Wada M, Hanaoka N, Fujimoto T. First Identification of Human Adenovirus 57 (HAdV-57) in Japan. Jpn J Infect Dis 2018; 71:259-263. [PMID: 29709969 DOI: 10.7883/yoken.jjid.2017.476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Neutralization tests have been routinely used for the identification of human adenovirus C species (HAdV-C) in Japan until 2007. The aim of this study was to clarify the serological cross-reactivity of antiserum that has been used exclusively in Japan and to describe the first identification of HAdV type 57 (HAdV-57) in Japan. Anti-HAdV serum to HAdV-1, 2, 5, and 6 was quantitatively evaluated for cross-reactivity to the HAdV-57 isolates. Anti-HAdV-6 serum neutralized HAdV-57 with a concentration that was 32 to 64-fold higher than what was necessary to neutralize homologous HAdV-6. HAdV-1, 2, and 5 strains were not neutralized by anti HAdV-6 serum. Furthermore, 28 HAdV-6 strains isolated from 6,476 clinical samples were re-examined for HAdVs detected in the Shimane Prefecture of Japan from 2005 to 2014. These 28 strains were re-examined by PCR-sequencing techniques using the penton, hexon, and fiber regions. 3 isolates were determined to be HAdV-57. These data show that HAdV-57 had already invaded Japan as early as 2005, and that HAdV-57 strains were misidentified as HAdV-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chika Tatsumi
- Shimane Prefectural Institute of Public Health and Environmental Science
| | - Setsuko Iizuka
- Shimane Prefectural Institute of Public Health and Environmental Science
| | - Tetsuo Mita
- Shimane Prefectural Institute of Public Health and Environmental Science.,Shimane Prefectural Laboratory of Meat Hygiene Inspection Station
| | - Mieko Wada
- Shimane Prefectural Institute of Public Health and Environmental Science.,Shimane Prefectural Medical Affairs and Public Health Division
| | - Nozomu Hanaoka
- Infectious Disease Surveillance Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases
| | - Tsuguto Fujimoto
- Infectious Disease Surveillance Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases
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Hage E, Dhingra A, Liebert UG, Bergs S, Ganzenmueller T, Heim A. Three novel, multiple recombinant types of species of human mastadenovirus D (HAdV-D 73, 74 & 75) isolated from diarrhoeal faeces of immunocompromised patients. J Gen Virol 2017; 98:3037-3045. [PMID: 29095687 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.000968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Species D is the largest of the seven species of human mastadenoviruses (HAdV), but few of its multiple types are associated with asevere disease, e.g. epidemic keratoconjunctivitis. Many other types are hardly ever associated with significant diseases in immunocompetent patients, but have been isolated from the diarrhoeal faeces of terminal AIDS patients suggesting their role as opportunistic pathogens. Three novel HAdV-D strains were isolated from the faeces of three immunocompromised adult patients (clinical diagnoses: lymphoma, myelodysplastic syndrome and AIDS CDC3B, respectively). These strains were not typeable by imputed serology of the hexon and fibre gene and therefore complete genomic sequences were generated by next-generation sequencing (NGS). All three strains were multiple recombinants and fulfilled the criteria for designation as types 73, 74 and 75 with the penton/hexon/fibre genotype codes P67H45F27, P70H74F51 and P75H26F29, respectively. A novel genomic backbone and also a novel hexon neutralization epitope sequence were discovered in type 74, and a novel penton sequence in type 75. At the complete genome level, types 73, 74 and 75 were closely related neither to each other nor to type 70, which was previously isolated in the same region. However, these four HAdV-D types were closely related to each other in single genes and gene regions, e.g. penton, E1 and E4 due to recombination events in their phylogeny. In conclusion, regional co-circulation of opportunistic HAdV-D types facilitated co- and super-infections, which are essential for homologous recombination, and thus resulted in the evolution of novel genotypes by lateral gene transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elias Hage
- Institut für Virologie, Adenovirus Konsiliarlabor, Medizinische Hochschule, Hannover, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum Infektionsforschung, Hannover und Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Akshay Dhingra
- Institut für Virologie, Adenovirus Konsiliarlabor, Medizinische Hochschule, Hannover, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum Infektionsforschung, Hannover und Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Uwe G Liebert
- Institut für Virologie, Universität Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sandra Bergs
- Institut für Virologie, Universität Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Tina Ganzenmueller
- Institut für Virologie, Adenovirus Konsiliarlabor, Medizinische Hochschule, Hannover, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum Infektionsforschung, Hannover und Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Albert Heim
- Institut für Virologie, Adenovirus Konsiliarlabor, Medizinische Hochschule, Hannover, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum Infektionsforschung, Hannover und Braunschweig, Germany
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Whole genomic analysis of two potential recombinant strains within Human mastadenovirus species C previously found in Beijing, China. Sci Rep 2017; 7:15380. [PMID: 29133946 PMCID: PMC5684218 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15336-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Human mastadenovirus species C (HAdV-C) are the most common etiologic agents of respiratory disease in young children and are frequently detected worldwide including China. Two recombinant HAdV-C strains (BJ04 and BJ09) were isolated from infants with acute respiratory infection (ARI) in Beijing in 2012–2013. The whole genome sequences (WGS) of BJ04 and BJ09 were generated and compared to other 35 HAdV-C WGSs publicly available. Phylogenetic analyses showed that the BJ04 strain might be the result of three homologous recombination events involving the parental strains JX173086 (HAdV-1), NC_001405 (HAdV-2) and LC068718 (HAdV-6), whereas BJ09 viral genome might be made of genetic elements from JX173083 (HAdV-1), KF268199 (HAdV-5), and KR699642 (strain CBJ113). Despite intratypic recombination, amino acid analysis showed that the gene repertoire of BJ04 and BJ09 were similar to type 2 viruses. Finally, this analysis revealed that at least three lineages of HAdV-C have been identified in China, represented by BJ04 related to NC_001405, BJ09 related to CBJ113, and KF951595 (strain DD28) related to virus isolated in Japan. This study showed that the frequent recombination played an important driving force for complexity of the HAdV-C epidemic in Beijing, thereby demonstrating the necessity for epidemiological and virological surveillance for HAdV-C in China.
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PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF THE GENOME OF AN ENTERITIS-ASSOCIATED BOTTLENOSE DOLPHIN MASTADENOVIRUS SUPPORTS A CLADE INFECTING THE CETARTIODACTYLA. J Wildl Dis 2017; 54:112-121. [PMID: 29077545 DOI: 10.7589/2017-03-052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
: Adenoviruses are nonenveloped, double-stranded DNA viruses, known to infect members of all tetrapod classes, with a similarity between phylogenies of hosts and viruses observed. We characterized bottlenose dolphin adenovirus 2 (BdAdV-2) found in a bottlenose dolphin ( Tursiops truncatus) with enteritis. Virions were seen by negative staining electron microscopy of feces. Initial sequences obtained using conserved PCR primers were expanded using primer walking techniques, and the complete coding sequence was obtained. Phylogenetic analyses were consistent with coevolution of this virus and its bottlenose dolphin host, placing BdAdV-2 into a monophyletic group with other mastadenoviruses of Cetartiodactyla. When considering the low guanine/cytosine (G/C) content of BdAdV-2 with the phylogenetic data, this virus may represent a host-jumping event from another member of Cetartiodactyla. Analysis of partial polymerase indicated that bottlenose dolphin adenovirus 1, previously identified in Spain, and BdAdV-2 are sister taxa with harbor porpoise adenovirus 1, forming a cetacean clade. Bottlenose dolphin adenovirus 2 includes a highly divergent fiber gene. Two genes homologous to the dUTPase superfamily are also present which could play a role in enabling viral replication in nondividing cells. We used sequence data to develop a probe hybridization quantitative PCR assay specific to BdAdV-2 with a limit of detection of 10 copies.
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Hiroi S, Morikawa S, Nakata K, Kase T. Surveillance of Adenovirus Respiratory Infections in Children from Osaka, Japan. Jpn J Infect Dis 2017; 70:666-668. [PMID: 28890507 DOI: 10.7883/yoken.jjid.2017.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Human adenovirus (HAdV) strains isolated from respiratory specimens of 139 children were analyzed to evaluate the endemic situation of HAdV infections in Osaka, Japan, between 2008 and 2015. The cases increased during spring and winter, and the infections were confirmed mainly in children aged ≤ 5 years, comprising 91.9% of the total population examined. Molecular typing of the isolates revealed that the most common types belonged to HAdV-B and -C. Co-infection of HAdV-C1 and -C2 was also confirmed in a case. The median age of HAdV-E cases was higher than that of the HAdV-B and -C cases. These results revealed age and seasonal distribution of respiratory HAdV infections in children from Osaka, and indicate that majority of these children might have acquired immunity through endemic HAdV infection before reaching school age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Hiroi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Osaka Prefectural Institute of Public Health
| | - Saeko Morikawa
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Osaka Prefectural Institute of Public Health
| | - Keiko Nakata
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Osaka Prefectural Institute of Public Health
| | - Tetsuo Kase
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Osaka Prefectural Institute of Public Health.,Department of Public Health, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine
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Abstract
Periodic outbreaks of human adenovirus infections can cause severe illness in people with no known predisposing conditions. The reasons for this increased viral pathogenicity are uncertain. Adenoviruses are constantly undergoing mutation during circulation in the human population, but related phenotypic changes of the viruses are rarely detected because of the infrequency of such outbreaks and the limited biological studies of the emergent strains. Mutations and genetic recombinations have been identified in these new strains. However, the linkage between these genetic changes and increased pathogenicity is poorly understood. It has been observed recently that differences in virus-induced immunopathogenesis can be associated with altered expression of non-mutant viral genes associated with changes in viral modulation of the host innate immune response. Initial small animal studies indicate that these changes in viral gene expression can be associated with enhanced immunopathogenesis in vivo. Available evidence suggests the hypothesis that there is a critical threshold of expression of certain viral genes that determines both the sustainability of viral transmission in the human population and the enhancement of immunopathogenesis. Studies of this possibility will require extension of the analysis of outbreak viral strains from a sequencing-based focus to biological studies of relationships between viral gene expression and pathogenic responses. Advances in this area will require increased coordination among public health organizations, diagnostic microbiology laboratories, and research laboratories to identify, catalog, and systematically study differences between prototype and emergent viral strains that explain the increased pathogenicity that can occur during clinical outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Cook
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center, 2160 South First Avenue, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | - Jay Radke
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center, 2160 South First Avenue, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
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Yoshitomi H, Sera N, Gonzalez G, Hanaoka N, Fujimoto T. First isolation of a new type of human adenovirus (genotype 79), species Human mastadenovirus B (B2) from sewage water in Japan. J Med Virol 2016; 89:1192-1200. [PMID: 27943297 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.24749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Revised: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Human mastadenoviruses (HAdVs) are highly infectious viral pathogens that survive for prolonged periods in environmental waters. We monitored the presence of HAdVs in sewage waters between April 2014 and March 2015. A total of 27 adenoviral strains were detected in 75% (18/24 in occasion-base) of 24 wastewater collected samples. We identified the types of the strains as HAdV-C2 (n = 5), HAdV-A31 (5), HAdV-C1 (4), HAdV-B3 (4), HAdV-C5 (4), HAdV-B11 (2), P11H34F11 (2), and HAdV-D56 (1). The complete genome sequence of one P11H34F11 (strain T150125) was determined by next-generation sequencing and compared to other genome sequences of HAdV-B strains. The comparisons revealed evidence of a recombination event with breaking point in the hexon encoding region, which evidenced high similarity to HAdV-B34, while half of the rest of the genome showed similarity to HAdV-B11, including regions encoding fiber and E3 region proteins. The penton base encoding region seemed to be a recombinant product of HAdV-B14, -34; however, it was evidenced to be divergent to both as a novel type despite showing low bootstrap to support a new clade. We propose T150125 (P11H34F11) is a strain of a novel genotype, HAdV-79. These results support the usefulness of environmental surveillance approaches to monitor circulating HAdVs including novel types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideaki Yoshitomi
- Fukuoka Institute of Health and Environmental Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Sera
- Fukuoka Institute of Health and Environmental Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Gabriel Gonzalez
- Division of Bioinformatics, Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Nozomu Hanaoka
- Infectious Disease Surveillance Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsuguto Fujimoto
- Infectious Disease Surveillance Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
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Esposito S, Zampiero A, Bianchini S, Mori A, Scala A, Tagliabue C, Sciarrabba CS, Fossali E, Piralla A, Principi N. Epidemiology and Clinical Characteristics of Respiratory Infections Due to Adenovirus in Children Living in Milan, Italy, during 2013 and 2014. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0152375. [PMID: 27045588 PMCID: PMC4821614 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
To evaluate the predominant human adenovirus (HAdV) species and types associated with pediatric respiratory infections, nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from otherwise healthy children attending an emergency room in Milan, Italy, due to a respiratory tract infection from January 1 to February 28 of two subsequent years, 2013 and 2014. The HAdVs were detected using a respiratory virus panel fast assay (xTAG RVP FAST v2) and with a HAdV-specific real-time polymerase chain reaction; their nucleotides were sequenced, and they were tested for positive selection. Among 307 nasopharyngeal samples, 61 (19.9%) tested positive for HAdV. HAdV was the only virus detected in 31/61 (50.8%) cases, whereas it was found in association with one other virus in 25 (41.0%) cases and with two or more viruses in 5 (8.2%) cases. Human Enterovirus/human rhinovirus and respiratory syncytial virus were the most common co-infecting viral agents and were found in 12 (19.7%) and 7 (11.5%) samples, respectively. Overall, the HAdV strain sequences analyzed were highly conserved. In comparison to HAdV-negative children, those infected with HAdV had a reduced frequency of lower respiratory tract involvement (36.1% vs 55.2%; p = 0.007), wheezing (0.0% vs 12.5%; p = 0.004), and hospitalization (27.9% vs 56.1%; p<0.001). Antibiotic therapy and white blood cell counts were more frequently prescribed (91.9% vs 57.1%; p = 0.04) and higher (17,244 ± 7,737 vs 9,565 ± 3,211 cells/μL; p = 0.04), respectively, in children infected by HAdV-C than among those infected by HAdV-B. On the contrary, those infected by HAdV-B had more frequently lower respiratory tract involvement (57.1% vs 29.7%) but difference did not reach statistical significant (p = 0.21). Children with high viral load were absent from child care attendance for a longer period of time (14.5 ± 7.5 vs 5.5 ± 3.2 days; p = 0.002) and had higher C reactive protein levels (41.3 ± 78.5 vs 5.4 ± 9.6 μg/dL; p = 0.03). This study has shown that HAdV infections are diagnosed more commonly than usually thought and that HAdVs are stable infectious agents that do not frequently cause severe diseases. A trend toward more complex disease in cases due to HAdV species C and in those with higher viral load was demonstrated. However, further studies are needed to clarify factors contributing to disease severity to understand how to develop adequate preventive and therapeutic measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanna Esposito
- Pediatric Highly Intensive Care Unit, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Alberto Zampiero
- Pediatric Highly Intensive Care Unit, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Sonia Bianchini
- Pediatric Highly Intensive Care Unit, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Mori
- Pediatric Highly Intensive Care Unit, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessia Scala
- Pediatric Highly Intensive Care Unit, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Tagliabue
- Pediatric Highly Intensive Care Unit, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Calogero Sathya Sciarrabba
- Pediatric Highly Intensive Care Unit, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Emilio Fossali
- Emergency Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Piralla
- Molecular Virology Unit, Microbiology and Virology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Nicola Principi
- Pediatric Highly Intensive Care Unit, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
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Wang Y, Li Y, Lu R, Zhao Y, Xie Z, Shen J, Tan W. Phylogenetic evidence for intratypic recombinant events in a novel human adenovirus C that causes severe acute respiratory infection in children. Sci Rep 2016; 6:23014. [PMID: 26960434 PMCID: PMC4785336 DOI: 10.1038/srep23014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) are prevalent in hospitalized children with severe acute respiratory infection (SARI). Here, we report a unique recombinant HAdV strain (CBJ113) isolated from a HAdV-positive child with SARI. The whole-genome sequence was determined using Sanger sequencing and high-throughput sequencing. A phylogenetic analysis of the complete genome indicated that the CBJ113 strain shares a common origin with HAdV-C2, HAdV-C6, HAdV-C1, HAdV-C5, and HAdV-C57 and formed a novel subclade on the same branch as other HAdV-C subtypes. BootScan and single nucleotide polymorphism analyses showed that the CBJ113 genome has an intra-subtype recombinant structure and comprises gene regions mainly originating from two circulating viral strains: HAdV-1 and HAdV-2. The parental penton base, pVI, and DBP genes of the recombinant strain clustered with the HAdV-1 prototype strain, and the E1B, hexon, fiber, and 100 K genes of the recombinant clustered within the HAdV-2 subtype, meanwhile the E4orf1 and DNA polymerase genes of the recombinant shared the greatest similarity with those of HAdV-5 and HAdV-6, respectively. All of these findings provide insight into our understanding of the dynamics of the complexity of the HAdV-C epidemic. More extensive studies should address the pathogenicity and clinical characteristics of the novel recombinant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, Ministry of Health; National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yamin Li
- Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, Ministry of Health; National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Roujian Lu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, Ministry of Health; National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yanjie Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, Ministry of Health; National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Zhengde Xie
- Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children and National Key Discipline of Pediatrics Capital Medical University, Ministry of Education, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Jun Shen
- Children Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wenjie Tan
- Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, Ministry of Health; National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing 102206, China
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Loustalot F, Creyssels S, Salinas S, Benkõ M, Harrach B, Mennechet FJD, Kremer EJ. [Is there a risk of zoonotic disease due to adenoviruses?]. Med Sci (Paris) 2015; 31:1102-8. [PMID: 26672663 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/20153112013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Every year brings another round of zoonotic viral infections. Usually they fall under the radar, but the occasional lethal epidemic brings another scare to the public and new urgency to the medical community. The types of these viruses (DNA vs. RNA genomes, enveloped vs. proteinaceous) as well as the preceding host(s) vary. Over the last 20 years, bats have been identified as an enigmatic carrier for several pathogens that have jumped the species barrier and infected humans. Factors that favour the emergence of zoonotic pathogens include the increasing overlap of the human and animal habitats, cultural activities, and the host reservoir. In this context, we asked whether bat and/or nonhuman primate adenoviruses are a risk for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabien Loustalot
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, CNRS UMR 5535, 1919, route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier, France - Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Sophie Creyssels
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, CNRS UMR 5535, 1919, route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier, France - Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Sara Salinas
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, CNRS UMR 5535, 1919, route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier, France - Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Mária Benkõ
- Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Center for Agricultural Research, Hungarian academy of sciences, H-1581 Budapest, Hongrie
| | - Balázs Harrach
- Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Center for Agricultural Research, Hungarian academy of sciences, H-1581 Budapest, Hongrie
| | - Franck J D Mennechet
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, CNRS UMR 5535, 1919, route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier, France - Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Eric J Kremer
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, CNRS UMR 5535, 1919, route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier, France - Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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Liu C, Xiao Y, Zhang J, Ren L, Li J, Xie Z, Xu B, Yang Y, Qian S, Wang J, Shen K. Adenovirus infection in children with acute lower respiratory tract infections in Beijing, China, 2007 to 2012. BMC Infect Dis 2015; 15:408. [PMID: 26429778 PMCID: PMC4591558 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-015-1126-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Human adenoviruses (HAdV) play a significant role in pediatric respiratory tract infections. To date, over 60 types of HAdV have been identified. Here, HAdV types are characterized in children in the Beijing area with acute lower respiratory tract infections (ALRTIs) and the clinical features and laboratory findings of hospitalized HAdV-infected cases are described. Methods Respiratory specimens were collected from pediatric patients with ALRTIs in the emergency department or from those admitted to Beijing Children’s Hospital between March 2007 and December 2012. Infections with common respiratory viruses were determined by PCR or RT-PCR. HAdV positive samples were further typed by PCR and sequencing. Results Among 3356 patients with ALRTIs, 194 (5.8 %) were found to have HAdV infection. HAdV infection was primarily confined to children (88.35 %) less than 5 years of age. A total of 11 different types of HAdV were detected throughout the study period, with HAdV-B7 (49.0 %) and HAdV-B3 (26.3 %) as the most prevalent types, followed by HAdV-C2 (7.7 %) and HAdVC1 (4.6 %). Newly emerging and re-emergent types or variants, HAdV-B55 (n = 5), HAdV-C57 (n = 3), and HAdV-B14p1 (n = 1), were identified. Results also included the reported first case of co-infection with HAdV-C2 and HAdV-C57. Clinical entities of patients with single HAdV infection (n = 49) were similar to those with mixed HAdV/respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections (n = 41). Patients with HAdV-B7 infection had longer duration of fever and higher serum levels of muscle enzymes than HAdV-B3-infected patients. Conclusions During the study period, HAdV-B7 and HAdV-B3 were the predominant types identified in pediatric ALRTIs. HAdV-B7 infection tends to have more severe clinical consequences. The presence of newly emerging types or variants and co-infection with different types of HAdV highlights the need for constant and close surveillance of HAdV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Liu
- Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100045, P. R. China. .,Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing, 100045, P. R. China.
| | - Yan Xiao
- MOH Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Dr. Christophe Mérieux Laboratory, IPB, CAMS-Fondation Mérieux, Institute of Pathogen Biology (IPB), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, P. R. China.
| | - Jing Zhang
- MOH Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Dr. Christophe Mérieux Laboratory, IPB, CAMS-Fondation Mérieux, Institute of Pathogen Biology (IPB), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, P. R. China.
| | - Lili Ren
- MOH Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Dr. Christophe Mérieux Laboratory, IPB, CAMS-Fondation Mérieux, Institute of Pathogen Biology (IPB), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, P. R. China.
| | - Jianguo Li
- MOH Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Dr. Christophe Mérieux Laboratory, IPB, CAMS-Fondation Mérieux, Institute of Pathogen Biology (IPB), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, P. R. China.
| | - Zhengde Xie
- Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100045, P. R. China. .,Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing, 100045, P. R. China.
| | - Baoping Xu
- Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100045, P. R. China.
| | - Yan Yang
- Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100045, P. R. China.
| | - Suyun Qian
- Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100045, P. R. China.
| | - Jianwei Wang
- MOH Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Dr. Christophe Mérieux Laboratory, IPB, CAMS-Fondation Mérieux, Institute of Pathogen Biology (IPB), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, P. R. China.
| | - Kunling Shen
- Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100045, P. R. China.
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Hoppe E, Pauly M, Robbins M, Gray M, Kujirakwinja D, Nishuli R, Boji Mungu-Akonkwa DD, Leendertz FH, Ehlers B. Phylogenomic evidence for recombination of adenoviruses in wild gorillas. J Gen Virol 2015. [DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.000250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Eileen Hoppe
- Division 12 ‘Measles, Mumps, Rubella and Viruses affecting immunocompromised patients’, Robert Koch Institute, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Maude Pauly
- Division 12 ‘Measles, Mumps, Rubella and Viruses affecting immunocompromised patients’, Robert Koch Institute, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- P3 ‘Epidemiology of highly pathogenic microorganisms’, Robert Koch Institute, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Martha Robbins
- Department of Primatology, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Maryke Gray
- Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Deo Kujirakwinja
- Wildlife Conservation Society, Grauer's Gorilla Project, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Radar Nishuli
- Institut Congolais pour la Conservation de la Nature, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | | | - Fabian H. Leendertz
- P3 ‘Epidemiology of highly pathogenic microorganisms’, Robert Koch Institute, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernhard Ehlers
- Division 12 ‘Measles, Mumps, Rubella and Viruses affecting immunocompromised patients’, Robert Koch Institute, 13353 Berlin, Germany
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Hage E, Gerd Liebert U, Bergs S, Ganzenmueller T, Heim A. Human mastadenovirus type 70: a novel, multiple recombinant species D mastadenovirus isolated from diarrhoeal faeces of a haematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipient. J Gen Virol 2015; 96:2734-2742. [DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.000196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Elias Hage
- Institut für Virologie, Adenovirus Konsiliarlabor, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Infektionsforschung, Hannover and Braunschweig, Germany
| | | | - Sandra Bergs
- Institut für Virologie, Universität Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Tina Ganzenmueller
- Institut für Virologie, Adenovirus Konsiliarlabor, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Infektionsforschung, Hannover and Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Albert Heim
- Deutsches Zentrum Infektionsforschung, Hannover and Braunschweig, Germany
- Institut für Virologie, Adenovirus Konsiliarlabor, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Germany
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Matsushima Y, Nakajima E, Ishikawa M, Kano A, Komane A, Fujimoto T, Hanaoka N, Okabe N, Shimizu H. Construction of new primer sets for corresponding to genetic evolution of human adenoviruses in major capsid genes through frequent recombination. Jpn J Infect Dis 2015; 67:495-502. [PMID: 25410569 DOI: 10.7883/yoken.67.495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A number of novel recombinant human adenoviruses (HAdVs) have recently been identified through sequencing of the complete genomes. The recombinant HAdV sequences share similarity with other types in the major capsid genes, namely the hexon, penton base, and fiber genes, implying recombination events, which may result in escape from the immune response and the acquisition of different organotropisms. Therefore, a surveillance system of HAdVs that considers the effect of frequent recombination on genetic evolution in these genes must be constructed. In this study, we designed new primer sets that can amplify the partial penton base and fiber genes from species HAdV-A to HAdV-F and proteotype HAdVs on the basis of sequence analyses, including previously reported primers that amplify loop 1 of the hexon. Phylogenetic analysis through sequencing with these primers correctly classified clinical HAdV isolates in loop 1 of the hexon gene, the Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) loop of the penton base gene, and the knob of the fiber gene, which contain neutralizing, hemagglutination, and receptor binding epitopes associated with immunogenicity and tissue tropisms of HAdVs. This study contributes to the accumulation of correct information regarding genetic diversity and evolution in the worldwide HAdV surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Matsushima
- Division of Virology, Kawasaki City Institute for Public Health
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Li Y, Zhou W, Zhao Y, Wang Y, Xie Z, Lou Y, Tan W. Molecular typing and epidemiology profiles of human adenovirus infection among paediatric patients with severe acute respiratory infection in China. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0123234. [PMID: 25856575 PMCID: PMC4391708 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0123234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) have been recognised as pathogens that cause a broad spectrum of diseases. The studies on HAdV infection among children with severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) are limited. OBJECTIVE To investigate the prevalence, epidemiology, and genotype of HAdV among children with SARI in China. STUDY DESIGN Nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPAs) or induced sputum (IS) was collected from hospitalised children with SARIs in Beijing (representing Northern China; n = 259) and Zhejiang Province (representing Eastern China; n = 293) from 2007 to 2010. The prevalence of HAdV was screened by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), followed by sequence typing of PCR fragments that targeted the second half of the hexon gene. In addition, co-infection with other human respiratory viruses, related epidemiological profiles and clinical presentations were investigated. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS In total, 76 (13.8%) of 552 SARI patients were positive for HAdV, and the infection rates of HAdV in Northern and Eastern China were 20.1% (n = 52) and 8.2% (n = 24), respectively. HAdV co-infection with other respiratory viruses was frequent (infection rates: Northern China, 90.4%; Eastern China, 70.8%). The peak seasons for HAdV-B infection was winter and spring. Additionally, members of multiple species (Human mastadenovirus B, C, D and E) were circulating among paediatric patients with SARI, of which HAdV-B (34/52; 65.4%) and HAdV-C (20/24, 83.3%) were the most predominant in Northern and Eastern China, respectively. These findings provide a benchmark for future epidemiology and prevention strategies for HAdV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamin Li
- Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, Ministry of Health, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing, China
| | - Weimin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, Ministry of Health, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing, China
| | - Yanjie Zhao
- Institute of Medical Virology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanqun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, Ministry of Health, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengde Xie
- Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, BCH-CMU, Beijing, China
| | - Yongliang Lou
- Institute of Medical Virology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenjie Tan
- Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, Ministry of Health, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
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50
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Chen M, Zhu Z, Huang F, Liu D, Zhang T, Ying D, Wu J, Xu W. Adenoviruses associated with acute respiratory diseases reported in Beijing from 2011 to 2013. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0121375. [PMID: 25816320 PMCID: PMC4376766 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Adenovirus is one of the most common causes of viral acute respiratory infections. To identify the types of human adenoviruses (HAdVs) causing respiratory illness in Beijing, a sentinel surveillance project on the viral aetiology of acute respiratory infection was initiated in 2011. Principal findings Through the surveillance project, 4617 cases of respiratory infections were identified during 2011-2013. Throat swabs (pharynx and tonsil secretions) were collected from all the patients, and 15 different respiratory viruses were screened by multiplex one-step PCR method. 45 were identified as adenovirus-positive from sporadic and outbreak cases of respiratory infection by a multiplex one-step RT-PCR method, and a total of 21 adenovirus isolates were obtained. Five HAdV types among three species, including HAdV-3 (species HAdV-B), HAdV-4 (species HAdV-E), HAdV-7 (species HAdV-B), HAdV-55 (species HAdV-B), and an undefined HAdV type (species HAdV-C) were identified. The comparison results of the penton base, hexon, and fiber gene sequences of the Beijing HAdV-3, HAdV-4, HAdV-7, and HAdV-55 strains in this study and those from the GenBank database indicated significant spatial and temporal conservation and stability of sequences within the genome; however, the phylogenetic relationship indicated that both strain BJ04 and strain BJ09 isolated in 2012 and 2013, respectively, may have recombined between HAdV-1 genome and HAdV-2 genome within species HAdV-C, indicating intraspecies recombination. Conclusions This study confirmed that at least 5 HAdV types including HAdV-3, HAdV-4, HAdV-7, HAdV-55 and an undefined HAdV type were co-circulating and were the causative agents of respiratory tract infections in recent years in Beijing. HAdV-3, HAdV-4, HAdV-7, and HAdV-55 showed the apparent stability of the genomes, while intraspecies recombination was identified in strain BJ04 and BJ09. The recombinants carrying penton base gene of HAdV-1 as well as hexon and fiber genes of HAdV-2 might be a novel type of HAdV worthy of further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Chen
- Beijing Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 16, Hepingli Middle Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100013, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhen Zhu
- WHO WPRO Regional Reference Measles/Rubella Laboratory, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, No.155, Changbai Road, Changping District, Beijing, 102206, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fang Huang
- Beijing Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 16, Hepingli Middle Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100013, People’s Republic of China
| | - Donglei Liu
- Beijing Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 16, Hepingli Middle Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100013, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tiegang Zhang
- Beijing Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 16, Hepingli Middle Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100013, People’s Republic of China
| | - Deng Ying
- Beijing Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 16, Hepingli Middle Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100013, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiang Wu
- Beijing Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 16, Hepingli Middle Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100013, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail: (JW); (WBX)
| | - Wenbo Xu
- WHO WPRO Regional Reference Measles/Rubella Laboratory, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, No.155, Changbai Road, Changping District, Beijing, 102206, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail: (JW); (WBX)
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