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Pastura P, McDaniel CG, Alharbi S, Fox D, Coleman B, Malik P, Adams DM, Le Cras TD. NRAS Q61R mutation drives elevated angiopoietin-2 expression in human endothelial cells and a genetic mouse model. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2024; 71:e31032. [PMID: 38711167 PMCID: PMC11116044 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.31032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) is increased in the blood of patients with kaposiform lymphangiomatosis (KLA) and kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (KHE). While the genetic causes of KHE are not clear, a somatic activating NRASQ61R mutation has been found in the lesions of KLA patients. PROCEDURE Our study tested the hypothesis that the NRASQ61R mutation drives elevated Ang-2 expression in endothelial cells. Ang-2 was measured in human endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) expressing NRASQ61R and a genetic mouse model with endothelial targeted NRASQ61R. To determine the signaling pathways driving Ang-2, NRASQ61R EPC were treated with signaling pathway inhibitors. RESULTS Ang-2 levels were increased in EPC expressing NRASQ61R compared to NRASWT by Western blot analysis of cell lysates and ELISA of the cell culture media. Ang-2 levels were elevated in the blood of NRASQ61R mutant mice. NRASQ61R mutant mice also had reduced platelet counts and splenomegaly with hypervascular lesions, like some KLA patients. mTOR inhibitor rapamycin attenuated Ang-2 expression by NRASQ61R EPC. However, MEK1/2 inhibitor trametinib was more effective blocking increases in Ang-2. CONCLUSIONS Our studies show that the NRASQ61R mutation in endothelial cells induces Ang-2 expression in vitro and in vivo. In cultured human endothelial cells, NRASQ61R drives elevated Ang-2 through MAP kinase and mTOR-dependent signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Pastura
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - C. Griffin McDaniel
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Sara Alharbi
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Dermot Fox
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Bethany Coleman
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biosciences, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Punam Malik
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cancer and Blood Disease Institute,
Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Denise M. Adams
- Division of Oncology, Comprehensive Vascular Anomalies Program, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Timothy D. Le Cras
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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Chen-Li G, Martinez-Archer R, Coghi A, Roca JA, Rodriguez FJ, Acaba-Berrocal L, Berrocal MH, Wu L. Beyond VEGF: Angiopoietin-Tie Signaling Pathway in Diabetic Retinopathy. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2778. [PMID: 38792322 PMCID: PMC11122151 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13102778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Complications from diabetic retinopathy such as diabetic macular edema (DME) and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) constitute leading causes of preventable vision loss in working-age patients. Since vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays a major role in the pathogenesis of these complications, VEGF inhibitors have been the cornerstone of their treatment. Anti-VEGF monotherapy is an effective but burdensome treatment for DME. However, due to the intensive and burdensome treatment, most patients in routine clinical practice are undertreated, and therefore, their outcomes are compromised. Even in adequately treated patients, persistent DME is reported anywhere from 30% to 60% depending on the drug used. PDR is currently treated by anti-VEGF, panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) or a combination of both. Similarly, a number of eyes, despite these treatments, continue to progress to tractional retinal detachment and vitreous hemorrhage. Clearly there are other molecular pathways other than VEGF involved in the pathogenesis of DME and PDR. One of these pathways is the angiopoietin-Tie signaling pathway. Angiopoietin 1 (Ang1) plays a major role in maintaining vascular quiescence and stability. It acts as a molecular brake against vascular destabilization and inflammation that is usually promoted by angiopoietin 2 (Ang2). Several pathological conditions including chronic hyperglycemia lead to Ang2 upregulation. Recent regulatory approval of the bi-specific antibody, faricimab, may improve long term outcomes in DME. It targets both the Ang/Tie and VEGF pathways. The YOSEMITE and RHINE were multicenter, double-masked, randomized non-inferiority phase 3 clinical trials that compared faricimab to aflibercept in eyes with center-involved DME. At 12 months of follow-up, faricimab demonstrated non-inferior vision gains, improved anatomic outcomes and a potential for extended dosing when compared to aflibercept. The 2-year results of the YOSEMITE and RHINE trials demonstrated that the anatomic and functional results obtained at the 1 year follow-up were maintained. Short term outcomes of previously treated and treatment-naive eyes with DME that were treated with faricimab during routine clinical practice suggest a beneficial effect of faricimab over other agents. Targeting of Ang2 has been reported by several other means including VE-PTP inhibitors, integrin binding peptide and surrobodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genesis Chen-Li
- Asociados de Mácula Vitreo y Retina de Costa Rica, San José 60612, Costa Rica (R.M.-A.); (A.C.)
| | - Rebeca Martinez-Archer
- Asociados de Mácula Vitreo y Retina de Costa Rica, San José 60612, Costa Rica (R.M.-A.); (A.C.)
| | - Andres Coghi
- Asociados de Mácula Vitreo y Retina de Costa Rica, San José 60612, Costa Rica (R.M.-A.); (A.C.)
| | | | | | - Luis Acaba-Berrocal
- Department of Ophthalmology, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, School of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | | | - Lihteh Wu
- Asociados de Mácula Vitreo y Retina de Costa Rica, San José 60612, Costa Rica (R.M.-A.); (A.C.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, School of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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Koutrouli A, Machla F, Arapostathis K, Kokoti M, Bakopoulou A. "Biological responses of two calcium-silicate-based cements on a tissue-engineered 3D organotypic deciduous pulp analogue". Dent Mater 2024; 40:e14-e25. [PMID: 38431482 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2024.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The biological responses of MTA and Biodentine™ has been assessed on a three-dimensional, tissue-engineered organotypic deciduous pulp analogue. METHODS Human endothelial (HUVEC) and dental mesenchymal stem cells (SHED) at a ratio of 3:1, were incorporated into a collagen I/fibrin hydrogel; succeeding Biodentine™ and MTA cylindrical specimens were placed in direct contact with the pulp analogue 48 h later. Cell viability/proliferation and morphology were evaluated through live/dead staining, MTT assay and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and expression of angiogenic, odontogenic markers through real time PCR. RESULTS Viable cells dominated at day 3 after treatment presenting typical morphology, firmly attached within the hydrogel structures, as shown by live/dead staining and SEM images. MTT assay at day 1 presented a significant increase of cell proliferation in Biodentine™ group. Real-time PCR showed significant upregulation of odontogenic markers DSPP, BMP-2 (day 3,6), RUNX2, ALP (day 3) in contact with Biodentine™ compared to MTA and the control, whereas MTA promoted significant upregulation of DSPP, BMP-2, RUNX2, Osterix (day 3) and ALP (day 6) compared to the control. MSX1 presented downregulation in both experimental groups. Expression of angiogenic markers VEGFa and ANGPT-1 at day 3 was significantly upregulated in contact with Biodentine™ and MTA respectively, while the receptors VEGFR1, VEGFR2 and Tie-2, as well as PECAM-1 were downregulated. SIGNIFICANCE Both calcium silicate-based materials are biocompatible and exert positive angiogenic and odontogenic effects, although Biodentine™ during the first days of culture, seems to induce higher cell proliferation and provoke a more profound odontogenic and angiogenic response from SHED.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Koutrouli
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki GR-54124, Greece
| | - F Machla
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki GR-54124, Greece
| | - K Arapostathis
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki GR-54124, Greece
| | - M Kokoti
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki GR-54124, Greece
| | - A Bakopoulou
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki GR-54124, Greece.
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Engel ER, Le Cras TD, Ricci KW. How we use angiopoietin-2 in the diagnosis and management of vascular anomalies. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2024; 71:e30921. [PMID: 38439088 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.30921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
The diagnosis of vascular anomalies remains challenging due to significant clinical heterogeneity and uncertain etiology. Evaluation using biopsy and/or genetic testing for somatic variants is invasive, expensive, and prone to sampling error. There is great need for noninvasive and easily measured blood laboratory biomarkers that can aid not only in diagnosis, but also management of treatments for vascular anomalies. Angiopoietin-2, a circulating blood angiogenic factor, is highly elevated in patients with kaposiform hemangioendothelioma with Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon and kaposiform lymphangiomatosis. Here, we describe our clinical experience using serum angiopoietin-2 as a biomarker for diagnosis and monitoring response to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elissa R Engel
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Timothy D Le Cras
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Kiersten W Ricci
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Division of Hematology, Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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5
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Dolar-Szczasny J, Drab A, Rejdak R. Biochemical Changes in Anterior Chamber of the Eye in Diabetic Patients-A Review. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2581. [PMID: 38731110 PMCID: PMC11084197 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13092581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
This article aims to provide a comprehensive review of the biochemical changes observed in the anterior chamber of the eye in diabetic patients. The increased levels of inflammatory markers, alterations in antioxidant defense mechanisms, and elevated levels of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in the aqueous humor (AH) are explored. Additionally, the impact of these biochemical changes on diabetic retinopathy progression, increased intraocular pressure, and cataract formation is discussed. Furthermore, the diagnostic and therapeutic implications of these findings are presented. This study explores potential biomarkers for detecting diabetic eye disease at an early stage and monitoring its progression. An investigation of the targeting of inflammatory and angiogenic pathways as a potential treatment approach and the role of antioxidant agents in managing these biochemical changes is performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Dolar-Szczasny
- Department of General and Pediatric Ophtalmology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-079 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Drab
- Department of Medical Informatics and Statistics with e-Health Lab, Medical University of Lublin, 20-954 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Robert Rejdak
- Department of General and Pediatric Ophtalmology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-079 Lublin, Poland;
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Tsiatsiou P, Kouirouxis K, Tsaireli V, Lanta A, Kassomenaki A, Papaioannou M, Protonotariou E, Skoura L. Angiopoietins as Predictor Indexes in COVID-19 Patients in Delta and Omicron Waves. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:3975-3989. [PMID: 38785513 PMCID: PMC11120536 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46050245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the correlation between Angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) and Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) concentrations and the Angiopoietin-2/Angiopoietin-1 ratio (Ang-2/Ang-1) with clinical outcomes, potentially serving as disease severity and survival biomarkers. A study at AHEPA University Hospital involved 90 Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) adult patients, 30 hospitalized intensive care units (ICU), 30 inward units (non-ICU), and 30 asymptomatic non-hospitalized individuals as controls. Estimated endothelial dysfunction markers related to angiogenesis were measured. There was a statistically significant difference only between outpatient and hospitalized patients (non-ICU-ICU groups) for the Ang-1 and Ang-2 indices. The Ang-2/Ang-1 ratio has differed significantly among the individual patient groups. An ROC analysis was conducted to find an optimal threshold for distinguishing between (outpatients-non-ICU) and (non-ICU-ICU) groups. It was based on Youden's index of 0.1122 and 0.3825, respectively. The Ang-1, Ang-2 levels, and Ang-2/Ang-1 ratio were analyzed as severity indicators in COVID-19 patients. The Ang-2/Ang-1 ratio demonstrated better prognostic and diagnostic utility than individual biomarker levels. Monitoring the Ang-2/Ang-1 ratio can identify COVID-19 patients at risk and assist clinicians in tailoring treatment strategies to improve outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiota Tsiatsiou
- Department of Microbiology, AHEPA University Hospital, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.K.); (V.T.); (A.L.); (A.K.); (E.P.); (L.S.)
| | - Kyriakos Kouirouxis
- Department of Microbiology, AHEPA University Hospital, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.K.); (V.T.); (A.L.); (A.K.); (E.P.); (L.S.)
| | - Vasiliki Tsaireli
- Department of Microbiology, AHEPA University Hospital, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.K.); (V.T.); (A.L.); (A.K.); (E.P.); (L.S.)
| | - Antonia Lanta
- Department of Microbiology, AHEPA University Hospital, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.K.); (V.T.); (A.L.); (A.K.); (E.P.); (L.S.)
| | - Angeliki Kassomenaki
- Department of Microbiology, AHEPA University Hospital, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.K.); (V.T.); (A.L.); (A.K.); (E.P.); (L.S.)
| | - Maria Papaioannou
- Division of Hematology, First Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Efthymia Protonotariou
- Department of Microbiology, AHEPA University Hospital, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.K.); (V.T.); (A.L.); (A.K.); (E.P.); (L.S.)
| | - Lemonia Skoura
- Department of Microbiology, AHEPA University Hospital, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.K.); (V.T.); (A.L.); (A.K.); (E.P.); (L.S.)
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Li X, Fu YH, Tong XW, Zhang YT, Shan YY, Xu YX, Pu SD, Gao XY. RAAS in diabetic retinopathy: mechanisms and therapies. ARCHIVES OF ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM 2024; 68:e230292. [PMID: 38652701 PMCID: PMC11081058 DOI: 10.20945/2359-4292-2023-0292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a complication of diabetes with a complex pathophysiology and multiple factors involved. Recently, it has been found that the upregulation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) leads to overexpression of angiotensin II (Ang II), which induces oxidative stress, inflammation, and angiogenesis in the retina. Therefore, RAAS may be a promising therapeutic target in DR. Notably, RAAS inhibitors are often used in the treatment of hypertension. Still, the potential role and mechanism of DR must be further studied. In this review, we discuss and summarize the pathology and potential therapeutic goals of RAAS in DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Department of Endocrinology, Harbin, China
| | - Yu-Hong Fu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Department of Endocrinology, Harbin, China
| | - Xue-Wei Tong
- First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Department of Endocrinology, Harbin, China
| | - Yi-Tong Zhang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Department of Endocrinology, Harbin, China
| | - Yong-Yan Shan
- First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Department of Endocrinology, Harbin, China
| | - Yu-Xin Xu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Department of Endocrinology, Harbin, China
| | - Sheng-Dan Pu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Department of Endocrinology, Harbin, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Gao
- First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Department of Endocrinology, Harbin, China,
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Pandit SA, Momenaei B, Wakabayashi T, Mansour HA, Vemula S, Durrani AF, Pashaee B, Kazan AS, Ho AC, Klufas M, Regillo C, Yonekawa Y, Hsu J, Kuriyan A, Chiang A. Clinical Outcomes of Faricimab in Patients with Previously Treated Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Ophthalmol Retina 2024; 8:360-366. [PMID: 37913992 DOI: 10.1016/j.oret.2023.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the anatomic and functional outcomes in eyes with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) previously treated with anti-VEGF therapy in response to intravitreal faricimab. DESIGN Retrospective, interventional, consecutive case series. SUBJECTS Patients with previously treated nAMD who received ≥ 4 consecutive injections of faricimab were included. The study period was from March through November 2022. METHODS Clinical and imaging data were extracted from the electronic medical record. Central foveal thickness (CFT), maximum fibrovascular pigment epithelial detachment (fvPED) height, and Snellen visual acuity (VA) were obtained. Generalized estimating equations were used to analyze the change in CFT, maximum fvPED height, and logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution VA. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Change in CFT, maximum fvPED height, and Snellen VA before faricimab and after ≥ 4 faricimab intravitreal injections. RESULTS During the study period, 218 eyes of 191 patients met inclusion criteria. Mean age was 79.9 (range, 70.6-89.2) years. The mean number of intravitreal anti-VEGF injections received before faricimab was 34.2 (range, 6.4-62). The following results were found after ≥ 4 faricimab injections. Mean logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution VA before switching to faricimab was 0.58 (Snellen VA ∼20/76; range, 20/22-20/264) and was 0.55 (Snellen VA ∼20/71; range, 20/21-20/235; P = 0.20) after switching. Mean maximum fvPED height was 195.0 (range, 50.2-339.8) μm before switching to faricimab and improved to 165.0 (range, 33.6-296.4; P < 0.001) μm after switching. Mean CFT was 354.8 (range, 184.7-524.9) μm before switching to faricimab and improved to 306.6 (range, 144.4-468.8; P < 0.001) after switching. The proportion of eyes with intraretinal fluid was 36.7% (80/218 eyes) before switching, and decreased to 24.8% (54/218 eyes, P < 0.001) after switching. The proportion of eyes with subretinal fluid was 53.2% (116/218 eyes) before switching and decreased to 26.6% (58/218 eyes, P < 0.001) after switching. CONCLUSIONS Intravitreal faricimab may improve anatomic outcomes in patients with previously treated nAMD, while maintaining VA in the short-term. FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE(S) Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saagar A Pandit
- The Retina Service of Wills Eye Hospital, Wills Eye Physicians - Mid Atlantic Retina, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Bita Momenaei
- The Retina Service of Wills Eye Hospital, Wills Eye Physicians - Mid Atlantic Retina, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Taku Wakabayashi
- The Retina Service of Wills Eye Hospital, Wills Eye Physicians - Mid Atlantic Retina, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Hana A Mansour
- The Retina Service of Wills Eye Hospital, Wills Eye Physicians - Mid Atlantic Retina, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Sudheshna Vemula
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Department of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Asad F Durrani
- The Retina Service of Wills Eye Hospital, Wills Eye Physicians - Mid Atlantic Retina, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Bahram Pashaee
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Department of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Adina S Kazan
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Department of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Allen C Ho
- The Retina Service of Wills Eye Hospital, Wills Eye Physicians - Mid Atlantic Retina, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Michael Klufas
- The Retina Service of Wills Eye Hospital, Wills Eye Physicians - Mid Atlantic Retina, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Carl Regillo
- The Retina Service of Wills Eye Hospital, Wills Eye Physicians - Mid Atlantic Retina, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Yoshihiro Yonekawa
- The Retina Service of Wills Eye Hospital, Wills Eye Physicians - Mid Atlantic Retina, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jason Hsu
- The Retina Service of Wills Eye Hospital, Wills Eye Physicians - Mid Atlantic Retina, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ajay Kuriyan
- The Retina Service of Wills Eye Hospital, Wills Eye Physicians - Mid Atlantic Retina, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Allen Chiang
- The Retina Service of Wills Eye Hospital, Wills Eye Physicians - Mid Atlantic Retina, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
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9
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Mohebi R, Liu Y, Hansen MK, Yavin Y, Sattar N, Pollock CA, Butler J, Jardine M, Masson S, Heerspink HJ, Januzzi JL. Associations of Angiopoietin 2 and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-A Concentrations with Clinical End Points. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2024; 19:429-437. [PMID: 38099944 PMCID: PMC11020427 DOI: 10.2215/cjn.0000000000000389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angiopoietin 2 regulates endothelial function partially mediated by vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) and may play a role in diabetic kidney disease (DKD). We assessed the association of angiopoietin 2 and VEGF-A with cardiorenal outcomes and investigated the effect of canagliflozin on angiopoietin 2 and VEGF-A concentrations. METHODS Two thousand five hundred sixty-five study participants with DKD and available plasma samples treated with canagliflozin or placebo in the Canagliflozin and Kidney Events in Diabetes with Established Nephropathy Clinical Evaluation (CREDENCE) trial were included. Angiopoietin 2 and VEGF-A concentrations were measured at baseline, year 1, and year 3. The primary composite end point of the trial was a composite of kidney failure, doubling of the serum creatinine level, and kidney or cardiovascular death. RESULTS Patients with the highest baseline quartile of angiopoietin 2, but not VEGF-A, concentration had the highest risk clinical profile. Treatment with canagliflozin significantly lowered concentrations of angiopoietin 2 (adjusted geometric mean ratio: 0.94; 95% confidence interval, 0.92 to 0.95; P < 0.001), but not VEGF-A. In multivariable-adjusted modeling, each 50% increment in log baseline angiopoietin 2 concentrations was associated with a higher risk of primary composite outcome (hazard ratio, 1.27; 95% confidence interval, 1.13 to 1.43). Angiopoietin 2 change at year 1 compared with baseline explained 10% of the effect of canagliflozin on the primary composite outcome. VEGF-A concentrations were not associated with outcomes, alone or in combination with angiopoietin 2. CONCLUSIONS Higher angiopoietin 2 levels were associated with cardiorenal risk among individuals with DKD independent of VEGF-A. Canagliflozin lowered angiopoietin 2 concentrations. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRY NAME AND REGISTRATION NUMBER Evaluation of the Effects of Canagliflozin on Renal and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Participants With Diabetic Nephropathy, NCT02065791 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Mohebi
- Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yuxi Liu
- Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Yshai Yavin
- Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Spring House, Pennsylvania
| | - Naveed Sattar
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Carol A. Pollock
- Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Javed Butler
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
- Baylor Scott & White Institute, Dallas, Texas
| | - Meg Jardine
- The George Institute for Global Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Serge Masson
- Roche Diagnostics International, Rotkreuz, Switzerland
| | - Hiddo J.L. Heerspink
- Department Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - James L. Januzzi
- Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Heart Failure and Biomarker Trials, Baim Institute for Clinical Research, Boston, Massachusetts
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10
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Jung IH, Stitziel NO. Integrin α9β1 deficiency does not impact the development of atherosclerosis in mice. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25760. [PMID: 38370227 PMCID: PMC10869861 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Sushi, von Willebrand factor type A, EGF and pentraxin domain containing 1 (SVEP1) is an extracellular matrix protein that causally promotes cardiovascular disease in humans and mice. However, the receptor mediating the effect of SVEP1 on the development of disease remains unclear. We previously demonstrated that depleting either vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC)- or myeloid cell-derived integrin α9β1, the first receptor that was identified to interact with SVEP1, did not phenocopy the disease-abrogating effect of depleting SVEP1. Due to its wide expression in tissues and cell types, here we extend this line of investigation to definitively determine if integrin α9β1 impacts the development of atherosclerosis. In a mouse model of atherosclerosis, we found that depleting integrin α9β1 in all cells did not alter plaque size or characteristics of plaque complexity when compared to wild type mice. Further, the significant SVEP1-mediated effects on increase in macrophage content and VSMC proliferation within the atherosclerotic plaque were not altered in animals lacking integrin α9β1. Together, these findings strongly suggest that integrin α9β1 is not responsible for mediating the SVEP1-induced promotion of atherosclerosis and support further studies aimed at characterizing other receptors whose interaction with SVEP1 may represent a therapeutically targetable interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- In-Hyuk Jung
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Nathan O. Stitziel
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA
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11
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Le T, Salas Sanchez A, Nashawi D, Kulkarni S, Prisby RD. Diabetes and the Microvasculature of the Bone and Marrow. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2024; 22:11-27. [PMID: 38198033 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-023-00841-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review is to highlight the evidence of microvascular dysfunction in bone and marrow and its relation to poor skeletal outcomes in diabetes mellitus. RECENT FINDINGS Diabetes mellitus is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia, which may lead to microangiopathy and macroangiopathy. Micro- and macroangiopathy have been diagnosed in Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes, coinciding with osteopenia, osteoporosis, enhanced fracture risk and delayed fracture healing. Microangiopathy has been reported in the skeleton, correlating with reduced blood flow and perfusion, vasomotor dysfunction, microvascular rarefaction, reduced angiogenic capabilities, and augmented vascular permeability. Microangiopathy within the skeleton may be detrimental to bone and manifest as, among other clinical abnormalities, reduced mass, enhanced fracture risk, and delayed fracture healing. More investigations are required to elucidate the various mechanisms by which diabetic microvascular dysfunction impacts the skeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Le
- Bone Vascular and Microcirculation Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, 76019, USA
| | - Amanda Salas Sanchez
- Bone Vascular and Microcirculation Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, 76019, USA
| | - Danyah Nashawi
- Bone Vascular and Microcirculation Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, 76019, USA
| | - Sunidhi Kulkarni
- Bone Vascular and Microcirculation Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, 76019, USA
| | - Rhonda D Prisby
- Bone Vascular and Microcirculation Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, 76019, USA.
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12
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Chi Y, Yu S, Yin J, Liu D, Zhuo M, Li X. Role of Angiopoietin/Tie2 System in Sepsis: A Potential Therapeutic Target. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2024; 30:10760296241238010. [PMID: 38449088 PMCID: PMC10921858 DOI: 10.1177/10760296241238010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a disorder of host response caused by severe infection that can lead to life-threatening organ dysfunction. There is no specific treatment for sepsis. Although there are many different pathogens that can cause sepsis, endothelial dysfunction is a frequent mechanism resulting in vascular leakage and coagulation problem. Recent studies on the regulatory pathways of vascular endothelium have shown that the disturbance of angiopoietin (Ang) /Tie2 axis can induce endothelial cell activation, which is the core pathogenesis of sepsis. In this review, we aim to discuss the regulation of Ang/Tie2 axis and the biomarkers involved in the context of sepsis. Also, we attempt to explore the prospective and feasibility of Ang/Tie2 axis as a potential target for sepsis intervention to improve clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawen Chi
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Sihan Yu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jia Yin
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Danyan Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Mengke Zhuo
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xu Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
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13
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Thapa K, Khan H, Kaur G, Kumar P, Singh TG. Therapeutic targeting of angiopoietins in tumor angiogenesis and cancer development. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 687:149130. [PMID: 37944468 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.149130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
The formation and progression of tumors in humans are linked to the abnormal development of new blood vessels known as neo-angiogenesis. Angiogenesis is a broad word that encompasses endothelial cell migration, proliferation, tube formation, and intussusception, as well as peri-EC recruitment and extracellular matrix formation. Tumor angiogenesis is regulated by angiogenic factors, out of which some of the most potent angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor and Angiopoietins (ANGs) in the body are produced by macrophages and other immune cells within the tumor microenvironment. ANGs have a distinct function in tumor angiogenesis and behavior. ANG1, ANG 2, ANG 3, and ANG 4 are the family members of ANG out of which ANG2 has been extensively investigated owing to its unique role in modifying angiogenesis and its tight association with tumor progression, growth, and invasion/metastasis, which makes it an excellent candidate for therapeutic intervention in human malignancies. ANG modulators have demonstrated encouraging outcomes in the treatment of tumor development, either alone or in conjunction with VEGF inhibitors. Future development of more ANG modulators targeting other ANGs is needed. The implication of ANG1, ANG3, and ANG4 as probable therapeutic targets for anti-angiogenesis treatment in tumor development should be also evaluated. The article has described the role of ANG in tumor angiogenesis as well as tumor growth and the treatment strategies modulating ANGs in tumor angiogenesis as demonstrated in clinical studies. The pharmacological modulation of ANGs and ANG-regulated pathways that are responsible for tumor angiogenesis and cancer development should be evaluated for the development of future molecular therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Komal Thapa
- Chitkara School of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, 174103, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Heena Khan
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, 140401, Punjab, India
| | - Gagandeep Kaur
- Chitkara School of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, 174103, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Puneet Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, 151401, Bathinda, India
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14
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Wu Y, Zhang J, Wang X, Xu Y, Zheng J. Saikosaponin-d regulates angiogenesis in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis through angiopoietin/Tie-2 pathway. Acta Histochem 2023; 125:152100. [PMID: 37837833 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2023.152100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is considered as a chronic interstitial lung disease with underlying mechanism of IPF remaining unclear, while there are no definitive treatment options. In recent years, scientists have gradually paid attention to the influence of angiogenesis on IPF. Because IPF is a progressive with microvascular remodeling disorder, scientists have postulated that angiogenesis may also be one of the initiating and contributing factors of the disease. Bupleurum is a common natural Chinese herbal medicine with antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor and other pharmacological effects. As the most important active monomer of Bupleurum, Saikosaponin-d (SSd) is a new discovery with anti-pulmonary fibrosis (PF) activity. This study attempts to investigate the role of SSd in the interference of PF through regulation of angiogenesis in IPF through Angiopoietin (Angpt) /Tie receptor 2 (Tie2) pathway. METHODS Randomly, we allocated C57BL/6 mice into four groups (n = 20 in each group). Afterwards, establishment of IPF model was accomplished via intratracheal administration of bleomycin (BLM, 5 mg/kg), while corresponding drug intervention was given accordingly. On 3rd, 7th, 14th and 28th days after modeling, we performed histopathological examination through staining. Meanwhile, immunohistochemistry (IHC) of PF and the expression of related factors were observed, while Ang/Tie2 pathway was assessed by ELISA with the effect of SSd on angiogenesis related proteins in IPF being explored with IHC and Western Blot technique. RESULTS Our results showed that SSd could reduce inflammation and PF levels in lung tissue of experimental mice, while levels of angiogenesis-related factors, namely Tie-2, Ang-1 and ANGPT2 (Ang-2), fibrosis- associated factors like Alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), collagen-I and hydroxyproline in SSd and dexamethasone (DXM) mice were significantly reduced at each time point compared to BLM (p < 0.01). Additionally, we discovered substantial decreased expressions of Ang-1, Ang-2, Tie-2, α-SMA and collagen-I at protein level in SSd and DXM mice at each time point compared to BLM (p < 0.05). Besides, insignificant differences were observed between SSd and DXM groups (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION This study has demonstrated that SSd could down-regulate the expression of ANG-1, Ang-2 and Tie2 in the Ang/Tie2 pathway, and may reduce lung inflammation and PF in BLM-induced mice via inhibition of angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, 1000 Hefeng Road, Binhu District, Wuxi City, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Aoyang Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, 279 Jingang Dadao, Zhangjiagang City, Jiangsu 215631, China
| | - Xintian Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 438 Jiefang Road, Jingkou District, Zhenjiang City, Jiangsu 212000, China
| | - Yuncong Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 438 Jiefang Road, Jingkou District, Zhenjiang City, Jiangsu 212000, China
| | - Jinxu Zheng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 438 Jiefang Road, Jingkou District, Zhenjiang City, Jiangsu 212000, China.
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15
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Boddu SH, Acharya D, Hala V, Jani H, Pande S, Patel C, Shahwan M, Jwala R, Ranch KM. An Update on Strategies to Deliver Protein and Peptide Drugs to the Eye. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:35470-35498. [PMID: 37810716 PMCID: PMC10552503 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
In the past few decades, advancements in protein engineering, biotechnology, and structural biochemistry have resulted in the discovery of various techniques that enhanced the production yield of proteins, targetability, circulating half-life, product purity, and functionality of proteins and peptides. As a result, the utilization of proteins and peptides has increased in the treatment of many conditions, including ocular diseases. Ocular delivery of large molecules poses several challenges due to their high molecular weight, hydrophilicity, unstable nature, and poor permeation through cellular and enzymatic barriers. The use of novel strategies for delivering protein and peptides such as glycoengineering, PEGylation, Fc-fusion, chitosan nanoparticles, and liposomes have improved the efficacy, safety, and stability, which consequently expanded the therapeutic potential of proteins. This review article highlights various proteins and peptides that are useful in ocular disorders, challenges in their delivery to the eye, and strategies to enhance ocular bioavailability using novel delivery approaches. In addition, a few futuristic approaches that will assist in the ocular delivery of proteins and peptides were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai H.
S. Boddu
- College
of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
- Center
of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
| | - Devarshi Acharya
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380009, India
| | - Vivek Hala
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380009, India
| | - Harshil Jani
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380009, India
- Gujarat
Technological University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 382424, India
| | - Sonal Pande
- Gujarat
Technological University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 382424, India
- Department
of Pharmacology, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380009, India
| | - Chirag Patel
- Department
of Pharmacology, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380009, India
| | - Moyad Shahwan
- College
of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
- Center
of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
| | - Renukuntla Jwala
- School
of
Pharmacy, The University of Texas at El
Paso, 1101 N Campbell
St., El Paso, Texas 79902, United States
- Department
of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fred Wilson School of Pharmacy, High Point University, High Point, North Carolina, 27240, United States
| | - Ketan M. Ranch
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380009, India
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16
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Lahooti B, Akwii RG, Zahra FT, Sajib MS, Lamprou M, Alobaida A, Lionakis MS, Mattheolabakis G, Mikelis CM. Targeting endothelial permeability in the EPR effect. J Control Release 2023; 361:212-235. [PMID: 37517543 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
The characteristics of the primary tumor blood vessels and the tumor microenvironment drive the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect, which confers an advantage towards enhanced delivery of anti-cancer nanomedicine and has shown beneficial effects in preclinical models. Increased vascular permeability is a landmark feature of the tumor vessels and an important driver of the EPR. The main focus of this review is the endothelial regulation of vascular permeability. We discuss current challenges of targeting vascular permeability towards clinical translation and summarize the structural components and mechanisms of endothelial permeability, the principal mediators and signaling players, the targeted approaches that have been used and their outcomes to date. We also critically discuss the effects of the tumor-infiltrating immune cells, their interplay with the tumor vessels and the impact of immune responses on nanomedicine delivery, the impact of anti-angiogenic and tumor-stroma targeting approaches, and desirable nanoparticle design approaches for greater translational benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behnaz Lahooti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA
| | - Racheal G Akwii
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA
| | - Fatema Tuz Zahra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA
| | - Md Sanaullah Sajib
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA
| | - Margarita Lamprou
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras, Patras 26504, Greece
| | - Ahmed Alobaida
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Ha'il, Ha'il 81442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Michail S Lionakis
- Fungal Pathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - George Mattheolabakis
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71201, USA.
| | - Constantinos M Mikelis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA; Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras, Patras 26504, Greece.
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17
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Yoshida YG, Yan S, Xu H, Yang J. Novel Metal Nanomaterials to Promote Angiogenesis in Tissue Regeneration. ENGINEERED REGENERATION 2023; 4:265-276. [PMID: 37234753 PMCID: PMC10207714 DOI: 10.1016/j.engreg.2023.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis-the formation of new blood vessels from existing blood vessels-has drawn significant attention in medical research. New techniques have been developed to control proangiogenic factors to obtain desired effects. Two important research areas are 1) understanding cellular mechanisms and signaling pathways involved in angiogenesis and 2) discovering new biomaterials and nanomaterials with proangiogenic effects. This paper reviews recent developments in controlling angiogenesis in the context of regenerative medicine and wound healing. We focus on novel proangiogenic materials that will advance the field of regenerative medicine. Specifically, we mainly focus on metal nanomaterials. We also discuss novel technologies developed to carry these proangiogenic inorganic molecules efficiently to target sites. We offer a comprehensive overview by combining existing knowledge regarding metal nanomaterials with novel developments that are still being refined to identify new nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki G. Yoshida
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Su Yan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Hui Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
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18
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Benz AP, Hijazi Z, Lindbäck J, Connolly SJ, Eikelboom JW, Kastner P, Ziegler A, Alexander JH, Granger CB, Lopes RD, Oldgren J, Siegbahn A, Wallentin L. Plasma angiopoietin-2 and its association with heart failure in patients with atrial fibrillation. Europace 2023; 25:euad200. [PMID: 37461214 PMCID: PMC10359110 DOI: 10.1093/europace/euad200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Several biomarkers are associated with clinical outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), but a causal relationship has not been established. This study aimed to evaluate angiopoietin-2, a novel candidate biomarker of endothelial inflammation and vascular remodelling, in patients with AF. METHODS AND RESULTS Angiopoietin-2 was measured in plasma obtained from patients with AF treated with aspirin monotherapy (exploration cohort, n = 2987) or with oral anticoagulation (validation cohort, n = 13 079). Regression models were built to assess the associations between angiopoietin-2, clinical characteristics, and outcomes. In both cohorts, plasma angiopoietin-2 was independently associated with AF on the baseline electrocardiogram and persistent/permanent AF, age, history of heart failure, female sex, tobacco use/smoking, body mass index, renal dysfunction, diabetes, and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP). Angiopoietin-2 was independently associated with subsequent hospitalization for heart failure after adjusting for age, creatinine, and clinical characteristics in the exploration cohort [c-index 0.79, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.75-0.82; third vs. first quartile, hazard ratio (HR) 1.74, 95% CI 1.26-2.41] and in the validation cohort (c-index 0.76, 95% CI 0.74-0.78; HR 1.58, 95% CI 1.37-1.82). In both cohorts, the association persisted when also adjusting for NT-proBNP (P ≤ 0.001). In full multivariable models also adjusted for NT-proBNP, angiopoietin-2 did not show statistically significant associations with ischaemic stroke, cardiovascular and all-cause death, or major bleeding that were consistent across the two cohorts. CONCLUSIONS In patients with AF, plasma levels of angiopoietin-2 were independently associated with subsequent hospitalization for heart failure and provided incremental prognostic value to clinical risk factors and NT-proBNP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander P Benz
- Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, 237 Barton St. E., Hamilton, Ontario L8L 2X2, Canada
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Langenbeckstr. 1, Mainz 55131, Germany
| | - Ziad Hijazi
- Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Johan Lindbäck
- Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Stuart J Connolly
- Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, 237 Barton St. E., Hamilton, Ontario L8L 2X2, Canada
| | - John W Eikelboom
- Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, 237 Barton St. E., Hamilton, Ontario L8L 2X2, Canada
| | | | | | - John H Alexander
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Renato D Lopes
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jonas Oldgren
- Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Agneta Siegbahn
- Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lars Wallentin
- Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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19
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Anderson R, Feldman C. The Global Burden of Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Adults, Encompassing Invasive Pneumococcal Disease and the Prevalence of Its Associated Cardiovascular Events, with a Focus on Pneumolysin and Macrolide Antibiotics in Pathogenesis and Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11038. [PMID: 37446214 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite innovative advances in anti-infective therapies and vaccine development technologies, community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) remains the most persistent cause of infection-related mortality globally. Confronting the ongoing threat posed by Streptococcus pneumoniae (the pneumococcus), the most common bacterial cause of CAP, particularly to the non-immune elderly, remains challenging due to the propensity of the elderly to develop invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD), together with the predilection of the pathogen for the heart. The resultant development of often fatal cardiovascular events (CVEs), particularly during the first seven days of acute infection, is now recognized as a relatively common complication of IPD. The current review represents an update on the prevalence and types of CVEs associated with acute bacterial CAP, particularly IPD. In addition, it is focused on recent insights into the involvement of the pneumococcal pore-forming toxin, pneumolysin (Ply), in subverting host immune defenses, particularly the protective functions of the alveolar macrophage during early-stage disease. This, in turn, enables extra-pulmonary dissemination of the pathogen, leading to cardiac invasion, cardiotoxicity and myocardial dysfunction. The review concludes with an overview of the current status of macrolide antibiotics in the treatment of bacterial CAP in general, as well as severe pneumococcal CAP, including a consideration of the mechanisms by which these agents inhibit the production of Ply by macrolide-resistant strains of the pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald Anderson
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Charles Feldman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand Medical School, 7 York Road, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa
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20
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Dieter C, Lemos NE, de Faria Corrêa NR, Assmann TS, Pellenz FM, Canani LH, de Almeida Brondani L, Bauer AC, Crispim D. Polymorphisms in TIE2 and ANGPT-1 genes are associated with protection against diabetic retinopathy in a Brazilian population. ARCHIVES OF ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM 2023; 67:e000624. [PMID: 37249455 PMCID: PMC10665047 DOI: 10.20945/2359-3997000000624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Objective The objective of this study was to investigate the association between SNPs in the TIE2 and ANGPT-1 genes and diabetic retinopathy (DR). Subjects and methods This study comprised 603 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and DR (cases) and 388 patients with T2DM for more than 10 years and without DR (controls). The TIE2 rs639225 (A/G) and rs638203 (A/G) SNPs and the ANGPT-1 rs4324901 (G/T) and rs2507800 (T/A) SNPs were genotyped by real-time PCR using TaqMan MGB probes. Results The G/G genotype of the rs639225/TIE2, the G/G genotype of the rs638203/ TIE2 and the T allele of the rs4324901/ANGPT-1 SNPs were associated with protection against DR after adjustment for age, glycated hemoglobin, gender, and presence of hypertension (P = 0.042, P = 0.003, and P = 0.028, respectively). No association was found between the rs2507800/ANGPT-1 SNP and DR. Conclusion We demonstrated, for the first time, the association of TIE2 rs638203 and rsrs939225 SNPs and ANGPT-1 rs4324901 SNP with protection against DR in a Brazilian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristine Dieter
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Serviço de Endocrinologia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Médicas: Endocrinologia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Natália Emerim Lemos
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Serviço de Endocrinologia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Médicas: Endocrinologia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | | | - Taís Silveira Assmann
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Serviço de Endocrinologia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Médicas: Endocrinologia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Felipe Mateus Pellenz
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Serviço de Endocrinologia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Médicas: Endocrinologia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Luís Henrique Canani
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Serviço de Endocrinologia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Médicas: Endocrinologia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | | | - Andrea Carla Bauer
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Serviço de Endocrinologia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Médicas: Endocrinologia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Divisão de Nefrologia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Daisy Crispim
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Serviço de Endocrinologia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Médicas: Endocrinologia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil,
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Liu ZL, Chen HH, Zheng LL, Sun LP, Shi L. Angiogenic signaling pathways and anti-angiogenic therapy for cancer. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:198. [PMID: 37169756 PMCID: PMC10175505 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01460-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 91.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels, is a complex and dynamic process regulated by various pro- and anti-angiogenic molecules, which plays a crucial role in tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis. With the advances in molecular and cellular biology, various biomolecules such as growth factors, chemokines, and adhesion factors involved in tumor angiogenesis has gradually been elucidated. Targeted therapeutic research based on these molecules has driven anti-angiogenic treatment to become a promising strategy in anti-tumor therapy. The most widely used anti-angiogenic agents include monoclonal antibodies and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) targeting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway. However, the clinical benefit of this modality has still been limited due to several defects such as adverse events, acquired drug resistance, tumor recurrence, and lack of validated biomarkers, which impel further research on mechanisms of tumor angiogenesis, the development of multiple drugs and the combination therapy to figure out how to improve the therapeutic efficacy. Here, we broadly summarize various signaling pathways in tumor angiogenesis and discuss the development and current challenges of anti-angiogenic therapy. We also propose several new promising approaches to improve anti-angiogenic efficacy and provide a perspective for the development and research of anti-angiogenic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Ling Liu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, 210009, Nanjing, China
| | - Huan-Huan Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, 210009, Nanjing, China
| | - Li-Li Zheng
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, 210009, Nanjing, China
| | - Li-Ping Sun
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, 210009, Nanjing, China.
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, 210009, Nanjing, China.
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Veritti D, Sarao V, Di Bin F, Lanzetta P. Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Rationale for Extending VEGF Inhibition Increasing Intravitreal Aflibercept Dose. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15051416. [PMID: 37242658 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15051416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effects of various dosages and treatment regimens on intravitreal aflibercept concentrations and the proportion of free vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) to total VEGF were evaluated using a drug and disease assessment model. The 8 mg dosage received specific attention. METHODS A time-dependent mathematical model was developed and implemented using Wolfram Mathematica software v12.0. This model was used to obtain drug concentrations after multiple doses of different aflibercept dosages (0.5 mg, 2 mg, and 8 mg) and to estimate the time-dependent intravitreal free VEGF percentage levels. A series of fixed treatment regimens were modeled and evaluated as potential clinical applications. RESULTS The simulation results indicate that 8 mg aflibercept administered at a range of treatment intervals (between 12 and 15 weeks) would allow for the proportion of free VEGF to remain below threshold levels. Our analysis indicates that these protocols maintain the ratio of free VEGF below 0.001%. CONCLUSIONS Fixed q12-q15 (every 12-15 weeks) 8 mg aflibercept regimens can produce adequate intravitreal VEGF inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Veritti
- Department of Medicine-Ophthalmology, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Valentina Sarao
- Department of Medicine-Ophthalmology, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
- Istituto Europeo di Microchirurgia Oculare (IEMO), 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Francesco Di Bin
- Department of Medicine-Ophthalmology, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Paolo Lanzetta
- Department of Medicine-Ophthalmology, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
- Istituto Europeo di Microchirurgia Oculare (IEMO), 33100 Udine, Italy
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23
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Ferro Desideri L, Traverso CE, Nicolò M, Munk MR. Faricimab for the Treatment of Diabetic Macular Edema and Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15051413. [PMID: 37242655 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15051413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Nowadays; intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) drugs are considered the first-line therapeutic strategy for treating macular exudative diseases; including wet age-related macular degeneration (w-AMD) and diabetic macular edema (DME). Despite the important clinical achievements obtained by anti-VEGF drugs in the management of w-AMD and DME; some limits still remain; including high treatment burden; the presence of unsatisfactory results in a certain percentage of patients and long-term visual acuity decline due to complications such as macular atrophy and fibrosis. Targeting the angiopoietin/Tie (Ang/Tie) pathway beyond the VEGF pathway may be a possible therapeutic strategy; which may has the potential to solve some of the previous mentioned challenges. Faricimab is a new; bispecific antibody targeting both VEGF-A and the Ang-Tie/pathway. It was approved by FDA and; more recently; by EMA for treating w-AMD and DME. Results from phase III trials TENAYA and LUCERNE (w-AMD) and RHINE and YOSEMITE (DME) have shown the potential of faricimab to maintain clinical efficacy with more prolonged treatment regimens compared to aflibercept (12 or 16 weeks) with a a good safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Ferro Desideri
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, University Eye Clinic of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genoa, 16126 Genoa, Italy
- Department of Ophthalmology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Carlo Enrico Traverso
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, University Eye Clinic of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genoa, 16126 Genoa, Italy
| | - Massimo Nicolò
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, University Eye Clinic of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genoa, 16126 Genoa, Italy
| | - Marion R Munk
- Department of Ophthalmology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
- Bern Photographic Reading Center, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
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24
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Lange C, Tetzner R, Strunz T, Rittenhouse KD. Aflibercept Suppression of angiopoietin-2 in a Rabbit Retinal Vascular Hyperpermeability Model. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2023; 12:17. [PMID: 37191621 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.12.5.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapies, which attenuate the capacity of VEGF to bind to VEGF receptors, are standard-of-care options for various retinal disorders that are characterized by pathologic retinal angiogenesis and vascular permeability. Multiple receptors and ligands have also been reported as being involved in these pathways, including angiopoietin-1 (ANG1) and angiopoietin-2 (ANG2). Methods Electrochemiluminescence immunoassays were used to detect human VEGF (hVEGF), as well as rabbit ANG2 and basic fibroblast growth factor protein levels in vitreous samples derived from a study evaluating the efficacy of the anti-VEGF agents ranibizumab, aflibercept, and brolucizumab in an hVEGF165-induced rabbit retinal vascular hyperpermeability model. Results hVEGF was completely suppressed in rabbit vitreous after anti-VEGF treatment for 28 days. ANG2 protein in vitreous and ANGPT2 mRNA in retina tissue were similarly suppressed, although the anti-VEGF agents do not directly bind to ANG2. Aflibercept demonstrated the greatest inhibitory effect in ANG2 levels in vitreous, which correlated with strong, durable suppression of intraocular hVEGF levels. Conclusions This study explored the effects of anti-VEGF therapies beyond direct binding of VEGF by evaluating protein levels and the expression of target genes involved in angiogenesis and associated molecular mechanisms in the rabbit retina and choroid. Translational Relevance In vivo data suggest that anti-VEGF agents currently used for the treatment of retinal diseases could provide beneficial effects beyond direct binding of VEGF, including suppression of ANG2 protein and ANGPT2 mRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Lange
- Research & Development, Precision Medicine Markers, Bayer AG, Berlin, Germany
- https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7570-0261
| | - Reimo Tetzner
- Research & Development, Biosample Operation Management and Assay Technologies, Bayer AG, Berlin, Germany
- https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9549-7731
| | - Tobias Strunz
- Research & Development, Biomedical Data Science II, Bayer AG, Wuppertal, Germany
- https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3744-9595
| | - Kay D Rittenhouse
- Medical Affairs, Bayer Consumer Care AG, Basel, Switzerland
- https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7503-5759
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Khalil F, Asleh R, Perue RK, Weinstein JM, Solomon A, Betesh-Abay B, Briasoulis A, Alnsasra H. Vascular Function in Continuous Flow LVADs: Implications for Clinical Practice. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11030757. [PMID: 36979735 PMCID: PMC10045906 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11030757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) have been increasingly used in patients with advanced heart failure, either as a destination therapy or as a bridge to heart transplant. Continuous flow (CF) LVADs have revolutionized advanced heart failure treatment. However, significant vascular pathology and complications have been linked to their use. While the newer CF-LVAD generations have led to a reduction in some vascular complications such as stroke, no major improvement was noticed in the rate of other vascular complications such as gastrointestinal bleeding. This review attempts to provide a comprehensive summary of the effects of CF-LVAD on vasculature, including pathophysiology, clinical implications, and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fouad Khalil
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD 57105, USA
| | - Rabea Asleh
- Heart Institute, Hadassah University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem P.O. Box 12000, Israel
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902, USA
| | - Radha Kanneganti Perue
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Jean-Marc Weinstein
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheva P.O. Box 653, Israel
- Department of Cardiology, Soroka University Medical Center, Rager Av., Beersheva P.O. Box 84101, Israel
| | - Adam Solomon
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheva P.O. Box 653, Israel
| | - Batya Betesh-Abay
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheva P.O. Box 653, Israel
| | - Alexandros Briasoulis
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Hilmi Alnsasra
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902, USA
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheva P.O. Box 653, Israel
- Department of Cardiology, Soroka University Medical Center, Rager Av., Beersheva P.O. Box 84101, Israel
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +972-507107535
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Jin J, Xie Y, Zhang JS, Wang JQ, Dai SJ, He WF, Li SY, Ashby CR, Chen ZS, He Q. Sunitinib resistance in renal cell carcinoma: From molecular mechanisms to predictive biomarkers. Drug Resist Updat 2023; 67:100929. [PMID: 36739809 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2023.100929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Currently, renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most prevalent type of kidney cancer. Targeted therapy has replaced radiation therapy and chemotherapy as the main treatment option for RCC due to the lack of significant efficacy with these conventional therapeutic regimens. Sunitinib, a drug used to treat gastrointestinal tumors and renal cell carcinoma, inhibits the tyrosine kinase activity of a number of receptor tyrosine kinases, including vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR), platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR), c-Kit, rearranged during transfection (RET) and fms-related receptor tyrosine kinase 3 (Flt3). Although sunitinib has been shown to be efficacious in the treatment of patients with advanced RCC, a significant number of patients have primary resistance to sunitinib or acquired drug resistance within the 6-15 months of therapy. Thus, in order to develop more efficacious and long-lasting treatment strategies for patients with advanced RCC, it will be crucial to ascertain how to overcome sunitinib resistance that is produced by various drug resistance mechanisms. In this review, we discuss: 1) molecular mechanisms of sunitinib resistance; 2) strategies to overcome sunitinib resistance and 3) potential predictive biomarkers of sunitinib resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Jin
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - Yuhao Xie
- Institute for Biotechnology, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Jin-Shi Zhang
- Urology & Nephrology Center, Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Jing-Quan Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Shi-Jie Dai
- Zhejiang Eyoung Pharmaceutical Research and Development Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311258, China
| | - Wen-Fang He
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - Shou-Ye Li
- Zhejiang Eyoung Pharmaceutical Research and Development Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311258, China
| | - Charles R Ashby
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- Institute for Biotechnology, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA.
| | - Qiang He
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China.
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27
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Vedadi S, Azimzadeh M, Touluei AE, Rahimpour S, Shotorbani SS. The molecular and clinical significance of the Tie/angiopoietin system in leukemia. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 242:154285. [PMID: 36669394 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.154285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angiogenesis and factors affecting it are one of the most critical elements in vascular proliferation. Although they are essential in generating new vessels, their potential to generate solid tumors is accepted as a pathological condition. Leukemia can be an appropriate example of this condition. AIM This study aims to evaluate the Tie/angiopoietin system effect in Leukemia. METHODS Leukemia is a pathological condition in which the uncontrolled proliferation of abnormal cells occurs in the bone marrow or lymphatic system. RESULTS Based on severity and speed of development, many different types of Leukemia have been discovered through years of studying. Acute lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL), acute myeloid Leukemia (AML), chronic lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL), and chronic myeloid Leukemia (CML) are the four main types of Leukemia. CONCLUSION Leukemia's function, effects, and medication have been a great concern over the years. Angiogenic factors such as angiopoietin-1 (Ang1), angiopoietin-2 (Ang2), angiopoietin-4 (Ang4), a combination of them and their receptors and their effect on Leukemia are the main purposes discussed in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Vedadi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Azimzadeh
- Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences,Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Sina Rahimpour
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of pharmaceutics, Faculty of pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Siamak Sandoghchian Shotorbani
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Niapour A, Miran M, Seyedasli N, Norouzi F. Anti-angiogenic effects of aqueous extract from Agrostemma githago L. seed in human umbilical vein endothelial cells via regulating Notch/VEGF, MMP2/9, ANG2, and VEGFR2. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:22413-22429. [PMID: 36287364 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23510-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Abnormal angiogenesis contributes to the pathogenesis of various diseases. The medicinal usage of Agrostemma githago L. seed (A. githago herein) has been stated in traditional medicine. This study aims to investigate the anti-angiogenic potential of aqueous extract of A. githago. In order to test the effect of A. githago extract, its impact on HUVECs, T98G, and HGF2PI2 cells was assessed by looking at cellular viability, changes in the distribution of cells in different phases of the cell cycle, induction of oxidative stress, and apoptosis. In addition, the release of VEGF, ANG2, and MMP2/9 factors, along with the expressions of the critical Notch signaling pathway players and VEGF receptors (VEGFR), was measured. Furthermore, a γ-secretase inhibitor (LY411575) was applied to determine whether Notch inhibition restores A. githago effects. As a further characterization, total phenolic and flavonoid contents of A. githago were estimated, and five triterpene saponin compounds were identified using LC-ESI-MS. In response to A. githago extract, a reduction in total cell viability, along with the induction of ROS and apoptosis, was detected. Exposure to the A. githago extract could modulate the release of VEGF and ANG2 from T98G and HUVECs, respectively. In addition, A. githago reduced the release of MMP2/9. Furthermore, Notch1, DLL4, and HEY2 transcripts and protein expressions were up-regulated, while VEGFR2 was down-regulated in treated HUVEC cells. Treatment with the A. githago extract resulted in a dose-dependent inhibition of AKT phosphorylation. Inhibition of Notch signaling retrieved the viability loss, reduced intracellular ROS, and alleviated the impaired tube formation in A. githago-treated HUVECs. Overall, these data underscore the anti-angiogenic potential of A. githago via inducing apoptosis, modifying the expression levels of VEGF/VEGFR2, and impacting the release of MMP2/9 and ANG2, effects that are most probably modulated through the Notch/VEGF signaling axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Niapour
- Research Laboratory for Embryology and Stem Cells, Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
| | - Mansour Miran
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Naisana Seyedasli
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Westmead Hospital, Westmead NSW, Sydney, Australia
- The Centre for Cancer Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead NSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Firouz Norouzi
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
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29
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Shi X, Seidle KA, Simms KJ, Dong F, Chilian WM, Zhang P. Endothelial progenitor cells in the host defense response. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 241:108315. [PMID: 36436689 PMCID: PMC9944665 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Extensive injury of endothelial cells in blood vasculature, especially in the microcirculatory system, frequently occurs in hosts suffering from sepsis and the accompanied systemic inflammation. Pathological factors, including toxic components derived from invading microbes, oxidative stress associated with tissue ischemia/reperfusion, and vessel active mediators generated during the inflammatory response, are known to play important roles in mediating endothelial injury. Collapse of microcirculation and tissue edema developed from the failure of endothelial barrier function in vital organ systems, including the lung, brain, and kidney, are detrimental, which often predict fatal outcomes. The host body possesses a substantial capacity for maintaining vascular homeostasis and repairing endothelial damage. Bone marrow and vascular wall niches house endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). In response to septic challenges, EPCs in their niche environment are rapidly activated for proliferation and angiogenic differentiation. In the meantime, release of EPCs from their niches into the blood stream and homing of these vascular precursors to tissue sites of injury are markedly increased. The recruited EPCs actively participate in host defense against endothelial injury and repair of damage in blood vasculature via direct differentiation into endothelial cells for re-endothelialization as well as production of vessel active mediators to exert paracrine and autocrine effects on angiogenesis/vasculogenesis. In recent years, investigations on significance of EPCs in host defense and molecular signaling mechanisms underlying regulation of the EPC response have achieved substantial progress, which promotes exploration of vascular precursor cell-based approaches for effective prevention and treatment of sepsis-induced vascular injury as well as vital organ system failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Shi
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University College of Medicine, Rootstown, OH 44272, United States of America
| | - Kelly A Seidle
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University College of Medicine, Rootstown, OH 44272, United States of America
| | - Kevin J Simms
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University College of Medicine, Rootstown, OH 44272, United States of America
| | - Feng Dong
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University College of Medicine, Rootstown, OH 44272, United States of America
| | - William M Chilian
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University College of Medicine, Rootstown, OH 44272, United States of America
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University College of Medicine, Rootstown, OH 44272, United States of America.
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30
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Jiang R, Hauser ER, Kwee LC, Shah SH, Regan JA, Huebner JL, Kraus VB, Kraus WE, Ward-Caviness CK. The association of accelerated epigenetic age with all-cause mortality in cardiac catheterization patients as mediated by vascular and cardiometabolic outcomes. Clin Epigenetics 2022; 14:165. [PMID: 36461124 PMCID: PMC9719253 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-022-01380-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epigenetic age is a DNA methylation-based biomarker of aging that is accurate across the lifespan and a range of cell types. The difference between epigenetic age and chronological age, termed age acceleration (AA), is a strong predictor of lifespan and healthspan. The predictive capabilities of AA for all-cause mortality have been evaluated in the general population; however, its utility is less well evaluated in those with chronic conditions. Additionally, the pathophysiologic pathways whereby AA predicts mortality are unclear. We hypothesized that AA predicts mortality in individuals with underlying cardiovascular disease; and the association between AA and mortality is mediated, in part, by vascular and cardiometabolic measures. METHODS We evaluated 562 participants in an urban, three-county area of central North Carolina from the CATHGEN cohort, all of whom received a cardiac catheterization procedure. We analyzed three AA biomarkers, Horvath epigenetic age acceleration (HAA), phenotypic age acceleration (PhenoAA), and Grim age acceleration (GrimAA), by Cox regression models, to assess whether AAs were associated with all-cause mortality. We also evaluated if these associations were mediated by vascular and cardiometabolic outcomes, including left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), blood cholesterol concentrations, angiopoietin-2 (ANG2) protein concentration, peripheral artery disease, coronary artery disease, diabetes, and hypertension. The total effect, direct effect, indirect effect, and percentage mediated were estimated using pathway mediation tests with a regression adjustment approach. RESULTS PhenoAA (HR = 1.05, P < 0.0001), GrimAA (HR = 1.10, P < 0.0001) and HAA (HR = 1.03, P = 0.01) were all associated with all-cause mortality. The association of mortality and PhenoAA was partially mediated by ANG2, a marker of vascular function (19.8%, P = 0.016), and by diabetes (8.2%, P = 0.043). The GrimAA-mortality association was mediated by ANG2 (12.3%, P = 0.014), and showed weaker evidence for mediation by LVEF (5.3%, P = 0.065). CONCLUSIONS Epigenetic age acceleration remains strongly predictive of mortality even in individuals already burdened with cardiovascular disease. Mortality associations were mediated by ANG2, which regulates endothelial permeability and angiogenic functions, suggesting that specific vascular pathophysiology may link accelerated epigenetic aging with increased mortality risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Jiang
- grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC USA
| | - Elizabeth R. Hauser
- grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC USA ,grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC USA
| | - Lydia Coulter Kwee
- grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC USA
| | - Svati H. Shah
- grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC USA ,grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC USA
| | - Jessica A. Regan
- grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC USA ,grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC USA
| | - Janet L. Huebner
- grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC USA
| | - Virginia B. Kraus
- grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC USA ,grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC USA
| | - William E. Kraus
- grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC USA ,grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC USA
| | - Cavin K. Ward-Caviness
- grid.418698.a0000 0001 2146 2763Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, US Environmental Protection Agency, Chapel Hill, NC USA
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Engelbrecht E, Kooistra T, Knipe RS. The Vasculature in Pulmonary Fibrosis. CURRENT TISSUE MICROENVIRONMENT REPORTS 2022; 3:83-97. [PMID: 36712832 PMCID: PMC9881604 DOI: 10.1007/s43152-022-00040-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Purpose of Review The current paradigm of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) pathogenesis involves recurrent injury to a sensitive alveolar epithelium followed by impaired repair responses marked by fibroblast activation and deposition of extracellular matrix. Multiple cell types are involved in this response with potential roles suggested by advances in single-cell RNA sequencing and lung developmental biology. Notably, recent work has better characterized the cell types present in the pulmonary endothelium and identified vascular changes in patients with IPF. Recent Findings Lung tissue from patients with IPF has been examined at single-cell resolution, revealing reductions in lung capillary cells and expansion of a population of vascular cells expressing markers associated with bronchial endothelium. In addition, pre-clinical models have demonstrated a fundamental role for aging and vascular permeability in the development of pulmonary fibrosis. Summary Mounting evidence suggests that the endothelium undergoes changes in the context of fibrosis, and these changes may contribute to the development and/or progression of pulmonary fibrosis. Additional studies will be needed to further define the functional role of these vascular changes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tristan Kooistra
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Rachel S. Knipe
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Thompson KP, Sykes J, Chandakkar P, Marambaud P, Vozoris NT, Marchuk DA, Faughnan ME. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial of oral doxycycline for epistaxis in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2022; 17:405. [PMCID: PMC9640829 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-022-02539-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Vascular malformations in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) lead to chronic recurrent bleeding, hemorrhage, stroke, heart failure, and liver disease. There is great interest in identifying novel therapies for epistaxis in HHT given its associated morbidity and impact on quality of life. We aimed to measure the effectiveness of oral doxycycline for the treatment of epistaxis and explore mechanisms of action on angiogenic, inflammatory and pathway markers in HHT using a randomized controlled trial. Methods 13 HHT patients with epistaxis were recruited from the Toronto HHT Center at St. Michael’s Hospital. Recruitment was stopped early due to COVID-19-related limitations. The study duration was 24 months. Patients were randomly assigned to the treatment-first or placebo-first study arm. We compared the change in weekly epistaxis duration and frequency, biomarkers, blood measurements, and intravenous iron infusion and blood transfusion requirements between treatment and placebo. Results There was no significant difference in the change in weekly epistaxis duration (p = 0.136) or frequency (p = 0.261) between treatment and placebo. There was no significant difference in the levels of MMP-9, VEGF, ANG-2, IL-6 or ENG with treatment. Hemoglobin levels were significantly higher (p = 0.0499) during treatment. Ferritin levels were not significantly different between treatment and placebo. There was no significant difference in RBC transfusions between treatment periods (p = 0.299). Conclusion Overall, our study did not demonstrate effectiveness of doxycycline as a treatment for epistaxis in patients with HHT, though the study was underpowered. Secondary analyses provided new observations which may help guide future trials in HHT. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03397004. Registered 11 January 2018 – Prospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03397004 Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13023-022-02539-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. P. Thompson
- grid.415502.7Toronto HHT Centre, St. Michael’s Hospital and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, 30 Bond St, Toronto, ON M5B-1W8 Canada ,grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Division of Respirology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - J. Sykes
- grid.415502.7Department of Respirology, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON Canada ,grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - P. Chandakkar
- grid.250903.d0000 0000 9566 0634The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY USA
| | - P. Marambaud
- grid.250903.d0000 0000 9566 0634The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY USA
| | - N. T. Vozoris
- grid.415502.7Toronto HHT Centre, St. Michael’s Hospital and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, 30 Bond St, Toronto, ON M5B-1W8 Canada ,grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Division of Respirology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - D. A. Marchuk
- grid.189509.c0000000100241216Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC USA
| | - M. E. Faughnan
- grid.415502.7Toronto HHT Centre, St. Michael’s Hospital and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, 30 Bond St, Toronto, ON M5B-1W8 Canada ,grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Division of Respirology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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He JN, Ng TK, Lu SY, Tam POS, Chan PP, Tham CC, Pang CP, Chen LJ, Chu WK. Genetic association of ANGPT2 with primary open-angle glaucoma. EYE AND VISION (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 9:37. [PMID: 36199153 PMCID: PMC9535884 DOI: 10.1186/s40662-022-00309-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To determine the association of the ANGPT2 gene with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) in Chinese. METHODS Six single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in ANGPT2 (rs2515487, rs2922869, rs13255574, rs4455855, rs13269021, and rs11775442) were genotyped in a total of 2601 study subjects from two cohorts. One is a Hong Kong Chinese cohort of 484 high tension glaucoma (HTG) and 537 normal tension glaucoma (NTG) patients, and 496 non-glaucoma control subjects. Another cohort is a Shantou Chinese cohort of 403 HTG and 135 NTG patients, and 543 non-glaucoma control subjects. Subgroup analysis by sex was conducted. Outcomes from different cohorts were combined for meta-analysis. RESULTS The association of SNP rs11775442 with NTG in the Hong Kong cohort [P = 0.0498, OR = 1.24, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.00-1.55] after adjusting for age and sex did not reach statistical significance after Bonferroni correction. Other SNPs were not significantly associated with NTG, HTG and POAG in individual cohort or in the combined analyses (P > 0.05). In the subgroup analysis by sex, SNP rs13269021 in the Shantou cohort, but not in the Hong Kong cohort, was significantly associated with NTG in males (P = 0.0081, OR = 1.67, 95% CI: 1.14-2.43) but not in females (P = 0.874). In the combined analyses by sex, no SNPs were significantly associated with NTG, HTG and POAG. CONCLUSIONS In the subgroup analysis by sex, a significant association was shown in SNP rs13269021 with NTG in Shantou males, but not in Hong Kong males. Further studies are needed to verify the association between ANGPT2 locus (rs13269021) and NTG in Chinese males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Na He
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tsz Kin Ng
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shi Yao Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Pancy Oi Sin Tam
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Poemen P Chan
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Lam Kin Chung, Jet King-Shing Ho Glaucoma Treatment and Research Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Lim Por-Yen Eye Genetics Research Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Clement C Tham
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Lam Kin Chung, Jet King-Shing Ho Glaucoma Treatment and Research Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Lim Por-Yen Eye Genetics Research Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chi Pui Pang
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Lam Kin Chung, Jet King-Shing Ho Glaucoma Treatment and Research Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Lim Por-Yen Eye Genetics Research Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Li Jia Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Lam Kin Chung, Jet King-Shing Ho Glaucoma Treatment and Research Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Lim Por-Yen Eye Genetics Research Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wai Kit Chu
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- Lam Kin Chung, Jet King-Shing Ho Glaucoma Treatment and Research Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- Lim Por-Yen Eye Genetics Research Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Eye Hospital, 147K Argyle Street, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
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Yahya F, Mohd Bakri M, Hossain MZ, Syed Abdul Rahman SN, Mohammed Alabsi A, Ramanathan A. Combination Treatment of TRPV4 Agonist with Cisplatin Promotes Vessel Normalization in an Animal Model of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2022; 58:medicina58091229. [PMID: 36143906 PMCID: PMC9504292 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58091229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the sixth most common malignancy in the world. Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) channel has been shown to be involved in angiogenesis in multiple types of tumors. However, not much is known about TRPV4′s involvement in OSCC. Thus, in this study, we investigate the effect of administering a TRPV4 agonist on angiogenesis in OSCC. Materials and Methods: Thirty-six Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were used in this study. 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4NQO) was used to induce OSCC. Cisplatin (an anticancer drug), and GSK1016790A (an agonist for TRPV4) was used in this study. Immunohistochemistry was employed to examine the TRPV4 expression. An RT2 Profiler PCR Array was performed for gene expression analysis of TRPV4, vascular growth factors that correspond directly with angiogenesis, such as angiopoietin (Ang-1 and Ang-2), and tyrosine kinase (Tie-1 and Tie-2) receptors. Tumor vessel maturity was assessed by microvessel density and microvessel-pericyte-coverage index. Results: RT2 profiler PCR array showed significant elevated levels of Ang-1 (2.1-fold change; p < 0.05) and Tie-2 (4.5-fold change; p < 0.05) in OSCC following the administration of a combination of GSK1016790A and cisplatin. Additionally, the combination treatment significantly reduced the microvessel density (p < 0.01) and significantly increased the percentage of microvessels covered with pericytes (p < 0.01) in OSCC. Furthermore, tumor size was significantly reduced (p < 0.05) in rats that received cisplatin alone. The combination treatment also greatly reduced the tumor size; however, the data were not statistically significant. Conclusions: The findings suggest that combining a TRPV4 agonist with cisplatin for treatment of OSCC promote vessels normalization via modulation of Ang-1/Tie-2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhana Yahya
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (F.Y.); (S.N.S.A.R.)
| | - Marina Mohd Bakri
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (F.Y.); (S.N.S.A.R.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Mohammad Zakir Hossain
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Matsumoto Dental University, 1780 Gobara Hirooka, Shiojiri, Nagano 399-0781, Japan;
| | - Syarifah Nur Syed Abdul Rahman
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (F.Y.); (S.N.S.A.R.)
| | - Aied Mohammed Alabsi
- Department of Oral Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, MAHSA University, Jenjarom 42610, Malaysia;
| | - Anand Ramanathan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
- Oral Cancer Research and Coordinating Center, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
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Nair AA, Finn AP, Sternberg Jr P. Spotlight on Faricimab in the Treatment of Wet Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Design, Development and Place in Therapy. Drug Des Devel Ther 2022; 16:3395-3400. [PMID: 36199631 PMCID: PMC9529225 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s368963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Archana A Nair
- Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Avni P Finn
- Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Paul Sternberg Jr
- Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Correspondence: Paul Sternberg Jr, Chair and G. W. Hale Professor of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2311 Pierce Avenue, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA, Email
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Wuttimongkolchai N, Kanlaya R, Nanthawuttiphan S, Subkod C, Thongboonkerd V. Chlorogenic acid enhances endothelial barrier function and promotes endothelial tube formation: A proteomics approach and functional validation. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113471. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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Zhang C, Zhao W. The efficacy and safety of angiogenesis inhibitors for recurrent ovarian cancer: a meta‑analysis. J Ovarian Res 2022; 15:99. [PMID: 35996165 PMCID: PMC9396859 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-022-01028-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the efficacy and safety of angiogenesis inhibitors in the treatment of recurrent ovarian cancer (OC). METHODS Electronic databases including PubMed, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were searched to find eligible studies until August 10, 2021. The data on overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and objective response rate (ORR) were pooled. Furthermore, grade ≥ 3 adverse events (AEs) were investigated. RESULTS A total of 13 studies with 3953 patients were included. Compared with control group, angiogenesis inhibitors resulted in significant improvement in PFS (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.61, 95%CI, 0.54-0.69), OS (HR = 0.88, 95%CI, 0.81-0.95), and ORR (odds ratio (OR) = 2.15, 95% CI, 1.74-2.65). However, angiogenesis inhibitors were associated with a higher risk of grade ≥ 3 AEs (relative risk (RR), 1.20, 95% CI, 1.04-1.38). CONCLUSION Angiogenesis inhibitors can improve ORR, PFS, and OS in patients with recurrent OC, but they can increase the incidence of AEs ≥ 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunmei Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, China
| | - Wancheng Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, China.
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Ntafoulis I, Koolen SLW, Leenstra S, Lamfers MLM. Drug Repurposing, a Fast-Track Approach to Develop Effective Treatments for Glioblastoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:3705. [PMID: 35954371 PMCID: PMC9367381 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14153705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) remains one of the most difficult tumors to treat. The mean overall survival rate of 15 months and the 5-year survival rate of 5% have not significantly changed for almost 2 decades. Despite progress in understanding the pathophysiology of the disease, no new effective treatments to combine with radiation therapy after surgical tumor debulking have become available since the introduction of temozolomide in 1999. One of the main reasons for this is the scarcity of compounds that cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and reach the brain tumor tissue in therapeutically effective concentrations. In this review, we focus on the role of the BBB and its importance in developing brain tumor treatments. Moreover, we discuss drug repurposing, a drug discovery approach to identify potential effective candidates with optimal pharmacokinetic profiles for central nervous system (CNS) penetration and that allows rapid implementation in clinical trials. Additionally, we provide an overview of repurposed candidate drug currently being investigated in GBM at the preclinical and clinical levels. Finally, we highlight the importance of phase 0 trials to confirm tumor drug exposure and we discuss emerging drug delivery technologies as an alternative route to maximize therapeutic efficacy of repurposed candidate drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Ntafoulis
- Brain Tumor Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (I.N.); (S.L.)
| | - Stijn L. W. Koolen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands;
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sieger Leenstra
- Brain Tumor Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (I.N.); (S.L.)
| | - Martine L. M. Lamfers
- Brain Tumor Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (I.N.); (S.L.)
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Farshidpour M, Pace S, Volk ML. The clinical value of angiopoietin-2 in liver diseases. Clin Liver Dis (Hoboken) 2022; 19:244-247. [PMID: 36619892 PMCID: PMC9815690 DOI: 10.1002/cld.1218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Content available: Audio Recording.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maham Farshidpour
- Division of Gastroenterology and Transplant InstituteLoma Linda University HealthLoma LindaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Spencer Pace
- Department of Internal Medicine LomaLinda University HealthLoma LindaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Michael L. Volk
- Division of Gastroenterology and Transplant InstituteLoma Linda University HealthLoma LindaCaliforniaUSA
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Qi S, Deng S, Lian Z, Yu K. Novel Drugs with High Efficacy against Tumor Angiogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23136934. [PMID: 35805939 PMCID: PMC9267017 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23136934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is involved in physiological and pathological processes in the body. Tumor angiogenesis is a key factor associated with tumor growth, progression, and metastasis. Therefore, there is great interest in developing antiangiogenic strategies. Hypoxia is the basic initiating factor of tumor angiogenesis, which leads to the increase of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), angiopoietin (Ang), hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF-1), etc. in hypoxic cells. The pathways of VEGF and Ang are considered to be critical steps in tumor angiogenesis. A number of antiangiogenic drugs targeting VEGF/VEGFR (VEGF receptor) or ANG/Tie2, or both, are currently being used for cancer treatment, or are still in various stages of clinical development or preclinical evaluation. This article aims to review the mechanisms of angiogenesis and tumor angiogenesis and to focus on new drugs and strategies for the treatment of antiangiogenesis. However, antitumor angiogenic drugs alone may not be sufficient to eradicate tumors. The molecular chaperone heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) is considered a promising molecular target. The VEGFR system and its downstream signaling molecules depend on the function of HSP90. This article also briefly introduces the role of HSP90 in angiogenesis and some HSP90 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Qi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
| | - Shoulong Deng
- National Health Commission (NHC) of China Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China;
| | - Zhengxing Lian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
- Correspondence: (Z.L.); (K.Y.)
| | - Kun Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
- Correspondence: (Z.L.); (K.Y.)
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Behl T, Wadhwa M, Sehgal A, Singh S, Sharma N, Bhatia S, Al-Harrasi A, Aleya L, Bungau S. Mechanistic insights into the role of FOXO in diabetic retinopathy. Am J Transl Res 2022; 14:3584-3602. [PMID: 35836845 PMCID: PMC9274583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM), a metabolic disorder characterized by insulin-deficiency or insulin-resistant conditions. The foremost microvascular complication of diabetes is diabetic retinopathy (DR). This is a multifaceted ailment mainly caused by the enduring adverse effects of hyperglycaemia. Inflammation, oxidative stress, and advanced glycation products (AGES) are part and parcel of DR pathogenesis. In regulating many cellular and biological processes, the family of fork-head transcription factors plays a key role. The current review highlights that FOXO is a requisite regulator of pathways intricate in diabetic retinopathy on account of its effect on microvascular cells inflammatory and apoptotic gene expression, and FOXO also has the foremost province in regulating cell cycle, proliferation, apoptosis, and metabolism. Blockage of insulin turns into an exaggerated level of glucose in the bloodstream and can upshot into the exaggerated triggering of FOXO1, which can ultimately uplift the production of several factors of apoptosis and inflammation, such as TNF-α, NF-kB, and various others, as well as reactive oxygen species, which can also come up with diabetic retinopathy. The current review also focuses on various therapies which can be used in the future, like SIRT1 signalling, resveratrol, retinal VEGF, etc., which can be used to suppress FOXO over activation and can prevent the progression of diabetic complications viz. diabetic retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapan Behl
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara UniversityPunjab 140401, India
| | - Muskan Wadhwa
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara UniversityPunjab 140401, India
| | - Aayush Sehgal
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara UniversityPunjab 140401, India
| | - Sukhbir Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara UniversityPunjab 140401, India
| | - Neelam Sharma
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara UniversityPunjab 140401, India
| | - Saurabh Bhatia
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of NizwaNizwa 342001, Oman
- School of Health Science, University of Petroleum and Energy StudiesDehradun-248007, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of NizwaNizwa 342001, Oman
| | - Lotfi Aleya
- Chrono-Environment Laboratory, UMR CNRS 6249, Bourgogne Franche-Comté UniversityFrance
| | - Simona Bungau
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of OradeaOradea 410028, Romania
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Saleh S, George J, Kott KA, Meikle PJ, Figtree GA. The Translation and Commercialisation of Biomarkers for Cardiovascular Disease—A Review. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:897106. [PMID: 35722087 PMCID: PMC9201254 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.897106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
As a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide, cardiovascular disease and its diagnosis, quantification, and stratification remain significant health issues. Increasingly, patients present with cardiovascular disease in the absence of known risk factors, suggesting the presence of yet unrecognized pathological processes and disease predispositions. Fortunately, a host of emerging cardiovascular biomarkers characterizing and quantifying ischaemic heart disease have shown great promise in both laboratory settings and clinical trials. These have demonstrated improved predictive value additional to widely accepted biomarkers as well as providing insight into molecular phenotypes beneath the broad umbrella of cardiovascular disease that may allow for further personalized treatment regimens. However, the process of translation into clinical practice – particularly navigating the legal and commercial landscape – poses a number of challenges. Practical and legal barriers to the biomarker translational pipeline must be further considered to develop strategies to bring novel biomarkers into the clinical sphere and apply these advances at the patient bedside. Here we review the progress of emerging biomarkers in the cardiovascular space, with particular focus on those relevant to the unmet needs in ischaemic heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soloman Saleh
- Cardiothoracic and Vascular Health, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jacob George
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Katharine A. Kott
- Cardiothoracic and Vascular Health, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Cardiology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Northern Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Peter J. Meikle
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Gemma A. Figtree
- Cardiothoracic and Vascular Health, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Cardiology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Northern Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- *Correspondence: Gemma A. Figtree
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Yadegari H, Jamil MA, Marquardt N, Oldenburg J. A Homozygous Deep Intronic Variant Causes Von Willebrand Factor Deficiency and Lack of Endothelial-Specific Secretory Organelles, Weibel-Palade Bodies. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063095. [PMID: 35328514 PMCID: PMC8950443 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A type 3 von Willebrand disease (VWD) index patient (IP) remains mutation-negative after completion of the conventional diagnostic analysis, including multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification and sequencing of the promoter, exons, and flanking intronic regions of the VWF gene (VWF). In this study, we intended to elucidate causative mutation through next-generation sequencing (NGS) of the whole VWF (including complete intronic region), mRNA analysis, and study of the patient-derived endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs). The NGS revealed a variant in the intronic region of VWF (997 + 118 T > G in intron 8), for the first time. The bioinformatics assessments (e.g., SpliceAl) predicted this variant creates a new donor splice site (ss), which could outcompete the consensus 5′ donor ss at exon/intron 8. This would lead to an aberrant mRNA that contains a premature stop codon, targeting it to nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. The subsequent quantitative real-time PCR confirmed the virtual absence of VWF mRNA in IP ECFCs. Additionally, the IP ECFCs demonstrated a considerable reduction in VWF secretion (~6% of healthy donors), and they were devoid of endothelial-specific secretory organelles, Weibel−Palade bodies. Our findings underline the potential of NGS in conjunction with RNA analysis and patient-derived cell studies for genetic diagnosis of mutation-negative type 3 VWD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamideh Yadegari
- Correspondence: (H.Y.); (J.O.); Tel.: +49-228-287-10532 (H.Y.); +49-228-287-15175 (J.O.)
| | | | | | - Johannes Oldenburg
- Correspondence: (H.Y.); (J.O.); Tel.: +49-228-287-10532 (H.Y.); +49-228-287-15175 (J.O.)
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Contribution of Endothelial Laminin-Binding Integrins to Cellular Processes Associated with Angiogenesis. Cells 2022; 11:cells11050816. [PMID: 35269439 PMCID: PMC8909174 DOI: 10.3390/cells11050816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cells engage extracellular matrix and basement membrane components through integrin-mediated adhesion to promote angiogenesis. Angiogenesis involves the sprouting of endothelial cells from pre-existing vessels, their migration into surrounding tissue, the upregulation of angiogenesis-associated genes, and the formation of new endothelial tubes. To determine whether the endothelial laminin-binding integrins, α6β4, and α3β1 contribute to these processes, we employed RNAi technology in organotypic angiogenesis assays, as well in migration assays, in vitro. The endothelial depletion of either α6β4 or α3β1 inhibited endothelial sprouting, indicating that these integrins have non-redundant roles in this process. Interestingly, these phenotypes were accompanied by overlapping and distinct changes in the expression of angiogenesis-associated genes. Lastly, depletion of α6β4, but not α3β1, inhibited migration. Taken together, these results suggest that laminin-binding integrins regulate processes associated with angiogenesis by distinct and overlapping mechanisms.
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Poto R, Cristinziano L, Modestino L, de Paulis A, Marone G, Loffredo S, Galdiero MR, Varricchi G. Neutrophil Extracellular Traps, Angiogenesis and Cancer. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10020431. [PMID: 35203640 PMCID: PMC8962440 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Human neutrophils, the most abundant circulating leukocytes, are fundamental components of the host response against different pathogens. Until a few years ago, neutrophils received limited attention in cancer immunology. Recently, it was discovered that both circulating, and tumor-associated, neutrophils possess functional plasticity when exposed to various inflammatory stimuli and in the tumor microenvironment. Neutrophils and their mediators can exert several pro-tumor activities in cancer and promote metastasis through different mechanisms. Angiogenesis plays a pivotal role in inflammation and tumor growth. Activated human neutrophils release several angiogenic factors [vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A), angiopoietin-1 (ANGPT1), CXCL8, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), and metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9)] and form neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). NETs promote tumor growth and metastasis formation through several mechanisms: they can awake dormant cancer cells, capture circulating tumor cells, coat and shield cancer cells, thus preventing CD8+- and natural killer (NK) cell-mediated cytotoxicity. ANGPTs released by endothelial and periendothelial mural cells induce platelet-activating factor (PAF) synthesis and neutrophil adhesion to endothelial cells. NETs can directly exert several proangiogenic activities in human endothelial cells and NETs induced by ANGPTs and PAF increase several aspects of angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. A better understanding of the pathophysiological functions of NETs in cancer and angiogenesis could be of importance in the early diagnosis, prevention and treatment of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remo Poto
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (R.P.); (L.C.); (L.M.); (A.d.P.); (G.M.); (S.L.); (M.R.G.)
- Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
- World Allergy Organization (WAO) Center of Excellence, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Leonardo Cristinziano
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (R.P.); (L.C.); (L.M.); (A.d.P.); (G.M.); (S.L.); (M.R.G.)
- Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
- World Allergy Organization (WAO) Center of Excellence, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Luca Modestino
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (R.P.); (L.C.); (L.M.); (A.d.P.); (G.M.); (S.L.); (M.R.G.)
- Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
- World Allergy Organization (WAO) Center of Excellence, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Amato de Paulis
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (R.P.); (L.C.); (L.M.); (A.d.P.); (G.M.); (S.L.); (M.R.G.)
- Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
- World Allergy Organization (WAO) Center of Excellence, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Gianni Marone
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (R.P.); (L.C.); (L.M.); (A.d.P.); (G.M.); (S.L.); (M.R.G.)
- Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
- World Allergy Organization (WAO) Center of Excellence, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Stefania Loffredo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (R.P.); (L.C.); (L.M.); (A.d.P.); (G.M.); (S.L.); (M.R.G.)
- Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
- World Allergy Organization (WAO) Center of Excellence, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Galdiero
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (R.P.); (L.C.); (L.M.); (A.d.P.); (G.M.); (S.L.); (M.R.G.)
- Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
- World Allergy Organization (WAO) Center of Excellence, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Gilda Varricchi
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (R.P.); (L.C.); (L.M.); (A.d.P.); (G.M.); (S.L.); (M.R.G.)
- Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
- World Allergy Organization (WAO) Center of Excellence, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Dadwal UC, de Andrade Staut C, Tewari NP, Awosanya OD, Mendenhall SK, Valuch CR, Nagaraj RU, Blosser RJ, Li J, Kacena MA. Effects of diet, BMP-2 treatment, and femoral skeletal injury on endothelial cells derived from the ipsilateral and contralateral limbs. J Orthop Res 2022; 40:439-448. [PMID: 33713476 PMCID: PMC8435543 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) results in physiological and structural changes in bone, contributing to poor fracture healing. T2D compromises microvascular performance, which can negatively impact bone regeneration as angiogenesis is required for new bone formation. We examined the effects of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) administered locally at the time of femoral segmental bone defect (SBD) surgery, and its angiogenic impacts on endothelial cells (ECs) isolated from the ipsilateral or contralateral tibia in T2D mice. Male C57BL/6 mice were fed either a low-fat diet (LFD) or high-fat diet (HFD) starting at 8 weeks. After 12 weeks, the T2D phenotype in HFD mice was confirmed via glucose and insulin tolerance testing and echoMRI, and all mice underwent SBD surgery. Mice were treated with BMP-2 (5 µg) or saline at the time of surgery. Three weeks postsurgery, bone marrow ECs were isolated from ipsilateral and contralateral tibias, and proliferation, angiogenic potential, and gene expression of the cells was analyzed. BMP-2 treatment increased EC proliferation by two fold compared with saline in LFD contralateral tibia ECs, but no changes were seen in surgical tibia EC proliferation. BMP-2 treatment enhanced vessel-like structure formation in HFD mice whereas, the opposite was observed in LFD mice. Still, in BMP-2 treated LFD mice, ipsilateral tibia ECs increased expression of CD31, FLT-1, ANGPT1, and ANGPT2. These data suggest that the modulating effects of T2D and BMP-2 on the microenvironment of bone marrow ECs may differentially influence angiogenic properties at the fractured limb versus the contralateral limb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ushashi C. Dadwal
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, IN, USA,Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, IN, USA
| | | | - Nikhil P. Tewari
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, IN, USA
| | | | | | - Conner R. Valuch
- Department of Biology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Rohit U. Nagaraj
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, IN, USA
| | - Rachel J. Blosser
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, IN, USA,Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, IN, USA
| | - Jiliang Li
- Department of Biology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Melissa Ann Kacena
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, IN, USA,Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, IN, USA,Corresponding Author: Melissa A. Kacena, Ph.D., Director of Basic and Translational Research, Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, 1130 W. Michigan St, FH 115, Indianapolis, IN 46202, (317) 278-3482 – office, (317) 278-9568 – fax,
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Lv D, Chen D, Wang Z, Cui Z, Ma JH, Ji S, Chen J, Tang S. COL10A1 is a novel factor in the development of choroidal neovascularization. Microvasc Res 2022; 139:104239. [PMID: 34520774 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2021.104239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
With the dramatic rise in the aging population, researching age-related macular degeneration (AMD), especially the severe form neovascular AMD (nAMD), has become more important than ever. In this study, we found that collagen type X was increased in retina-choroid tissue of mice with laser-induced choroidal neovascularization (CNV) based on immunohistofluorescence. RNA sequencing and bioinformatic analyses were performed to compare the retina-choroid tissue complex of the CNV mouse model to normal controls. Collagen type X alpha 1 chain (Col10a1) was among the most significantly upregulated genes, and the results were validated with an animal model at the mRNA and protein levels by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and western blotting, respectively. COL10A1 was also upregulated in human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRMECs), human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), RPE19 cells and RF/6A cells under hypoxic conditions. Next, in vitro and in vivo experiments were performed to study the effect of COL10A1 on neovascularization. siRNA knockdown of COL10A1 suppressed the proliferation and tube formation ability of HRMECs under hypoxic conditions. Snail family transcriptional repressor 1 (SNAIL1) and angiopoietin-2 (ANGPT2) were downregulated in COL10A1 knockdown HRMECs under hypoxic conditions and thus were potential downstream genes. Significant decreases in CNV leakage and CNV lesion area, as assessed by fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) and immunofluorescence of choroidal flat mounts, respectively, were observed in a mouse model intravitreally injected with anti-collagen X monoclonal antibody (mAb) compared to the controls. In conclusion, COL10A1 promotes CNV formation and may represent a new candidate target for the treatment and diagnosis of nAMD and other neovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Lv
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, China; Aier Eye Institute, Changsha, China
| | | | - Zhijie Wang
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, China; Aier Eye Institute, Changsha, China
| | | | - Jacey Hongjie Ma
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, China; Aier Eye Institute, Changsha, China
| | | | - Jiansu Chen
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, China; Aier Eye Institute, Changsha, China; Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China; Institute of Ophthalmology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Shibo Tang
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, China; Aier Eye Institute, Changsha, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
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Multifaceted Pathomolecular Mechanism of a VWF Large Deletion Involved in the Pathogenesis of Severe VWD. Blood Adv 2021; 6:1038-1053. [PMID: 34861678 PMCID: PMC8945295 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2021005895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study demonstrates the dominant-negative impact of an in-frame large deletion on VWF biosynthesis and biogenesis of the WPBs. The malformed WPBs/altered trafficking of its inflammatory cargos cause distresses in endothelial cell signaling pathways and phenotype.
An in-frame heterozygous large deletion of exons 4 through 34 of the von Willebrand factor (VWF) gene was identified in a type 3 von Willebrand disease (VWD) index patient (IP), as the only VWF variant. The IP exhibited severe bleeding episodes despite prophylaxis treatment, with a short VWF half-life after infusion of VWF/factor VIII concentrates. Transcript analysis confirmed transcription of normal VWF messenger RNA besides an aberrant deleted transcript. The IP endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs) exhibited a defect in the VWF multimers and Weibel-Palade bodies (WPBs) biogenesis, although demonstrating normal VWF secretion compared with healthy cells. Immunostaining of IP-ECFCs revealed subcellular mislocalization of WPBs pro-inflammatory cargos angiopoietin-2 (Ang2, nuclear accumulation) and P-selectin. Besides, the RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis showed upregulation of pro-inflammatory and proangiogenic genes, P-selectin, interleukin 8 (IL-8), IL-6, and GROα, copackaged with VWF into WPBs. Further, whole-transcriptome RNA-seq and subsequent gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis indicated the most enriched GO-biological process terms among the differentially expressed genes in IP-ECFCs were regulation of cell differentiation, cell adhesion, leukocyte adhesion to vascular endothelial, blood vessel morphogenesis, and angiogenesis, which resemble downstream signaling pathways associated with inflammatory stimuli and Ang2 priming. Accordingly, our functional experiments exhibited an increased endothelial cell adhesiveness and interruption in endothelial cell–cell junctions of the IP-ECFCs. In conclusion, the deleted VWF has a dominant-negative impact on multimer assembly and the biogenesis of WPBs, leading to altered trafficking of their pro-inflammatory cargos uniquely, which, in turn, causes changes in cellular signaling pathways, phenotype, and function of the endothelial cells.
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Thakkar AB, Ma Y, Dela Cruz M, Wu Y, Arechiga V, Swaminathan S, Ganz P, Wu AHB, Scherzer R, Deeks S, Hsue PY. Effect of HIV-1 Infection on Angiopoietin 1 and 2 Levels and Measures of Microvascular and Macrovascular Endothelial Dysfunction. J Am Heart Assoc 2021; 10:e021397. [PMID: 34726064 PMCID: PMC8751943 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.121.021397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Individuals infected with HIV have an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease; yet, the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Recent evidence has implicated the Tie-2 tyrosine kinase receptor system and its associated ligands ANG1 (angiopoietin 1) and ANG2 (angiopoietin 2) in maintaining vascular homeostasis. In the general population, lower ANG1 levels and higher ANG2 levels are strongly correlated with the development of cardiovascular disease. In this study, we aim to investigate the associations of HIV infection with angiopoietin levels and endothelial dysfunction. Methods and Results In this cross-sectional study, we compared measures of ANG1, ANG2, and endothelial dysfunction using flow-mediated vasodilation of the brachial artery in 39 untreated subjects infected with HIV, 47 treated subjects infected with HIV, and 46 uninfected subjects from the SCOPE (Observational Study of the Consequences of the Protease Inhibitor Era) cohort. Compared with uninfected controls, treated individuals infected with HIV had 53.1% lower mean ANG1 levels (P<0.01) and similar ANG2 levels. On the other hand, untreated individuals infected with HIV had similar ANG1 levels, and 29.2% had higher ANG2 levels (P<0.01) compared with uninfected controls. When compared with individuals with untreated HIV infection, those with treated HIV infection had 56% lower ANG1 levels (P<0.01) and 22% lower ANG2 levels (P<0.01).Both treated and untreated HIV infection were associated with significant impairment in hyperemic velocity, a key measure of microvascular dysfunction (median 61 versus 72 cm/s, P<0.01), compared with uninfected controls (median 73 cm/s). This difference persisted after adjustment for ANG1 and ANG2 levels. Interestingly, when compared with untreated individuals infected with HIV, treated individuals infected with HIV had worse hyperemic velocity (-12.35 cm/s, P=0.05). In contrast, HIV status, ANG1 levels, and ANG2 levels were not associated with macrovascular dysfunction as measured by flow-mediated dilatation and brachial artery diameter, 2 other measures of vascular homeostasis. Conclusions HIV infection affects the balance between levels of ANG1 and ANG2 and may disturb endothelial homeostasis through disruption of vascular homeostasis. Individuals with treated HIV had decreased ANG1 levels and similar ANG2 levels, whereas individuals with untreated HIV had similar ANG1 levels and increased ANG2 levels, suggesting that treatment status may alter the balance between ANG1 and ANG2. HIV also promotes endothelial dysfunction via impairment of microvascular dysfunction, independent of the Tie-2 receptor system; the finding of worse microvascular dysfunction in the setting of treated HIV infection may reflect the impact of viral persistence on the microvasculature or toxicities of specific antiretroviral regimens. Further research to clarify the mechanism of HIV-mediated endothelial dysfunction is necessary to advance treatment of cardiovascular complications of HIV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali B Thakkar
- Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine Zuckerberg San Francisco General HospitalUniversity of California San Francisco San Francisco CA
| | - Yifei Ma
- Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine Zuckerberg San Francisco General HospitalUniversity of California San Francisco San Francisco CA
| | - Mark Dela Cruz
- Section of Cardiology Department of Medicine University of Chicago Medical Center Chicago IL
| | - Yuaner Wu
- Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine Zuckerberg San Francisco General HospitalUniversity of California San Francisco San Francisco CA
| | - Victor Arechiga
- Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine Zuckerberg San Francisco General HospitalUniversity of California San Francisco San Francisco CA
| | - Shreya Swaminathan
- Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine Zuckerberg San Francisco General HospitalUniversity of California San Francisco San Francisco CA
| | - Peter Ganz
- Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine Zuckerberg San Francisco General HospitalUniversity of California San Francisco San Francisco CA
| | - Alan H B Wu
- Division of Clinical Chemistry Department of Laboratory Medicine Zuckerberg San Francisco General HospitalUniversity of California San Francisco San Francisco CA
| | - Rebecca Scherzer
- San Francisco Veteran's Affairs Medical Center San Francisco CA.,Department of Medicine University of California San Francisco CA
| | - Steven Deeks
- Positive Health Program Zuckerberg San Francisco General HospitalUniversity of California San Francisco CA
| | - Priscilla Y Hsue
- Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine Zuckerberg San Francisco General HospitalUniversity of California San Francisco San Francisco CA
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Dieter C, Lemos NE, Corrêa NRDF, Costa AR, Canani LH, Crispim D, Bauer AC. The rs2442598 polymorphism in the ANGPT-2 gene is associated with risk for diabetic retinopathy in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus in a Brazilian population. ARCHIVES OF ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM 2021; 65:794-800. [PMID: 34762787 PMCID: PMC10065396 DOI: 10.20945/2359-3997000000417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE As studies have reported the involvement of angiopoietin-2 (ANGPT-2) in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy (DR), the aim of this study was to investigate the association between the ANGPT-2 rs2442598 polymorphism and DR. METHODS This case-control study comprised 107 patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and DR (cases) and 129 patients with T1DM without DR (controls) and with ≥ 10 years of DM. The ANGPT-2 rs2442598 (G/A) polymorphism was genotyped by real-time PCR using TaqMan MGB probes. RESULTS Genotype distributions of this polymorphism were consistent with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The frequency of the rs2442598 A allele was higher in cases compared to controls (p = 0.011). Moreover, the A/A genotype was more frequent in cases than in controls (p = 0.017) and was associated with risk for DR after adjustments for duration of DM, HbA1c, triglycerides, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and hypertension (odds ratio [OR] = 5.19, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.21-22.27). This association was maintained under recessive (OR = 4.78, 95% CI 1.14-19.99) and additive (OR = 6.861, 95% CI 1.45-32.38) inheritance models. CONCLUSION Our data demonstrated, for the first time, an association between the ANGPT-2 rs2442598 A allele and risk for DR in T1DM patients from southern Brazil. Additional studies are necessary to replicate this association in other populations.
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