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Østergaard AA, Feddersen S, Barnkob MB, Lynggaard RB, Karstoft ACA, Borup M, Titlestad IL, Jensen TT, Hilberg O, Wejse C, Bjerrum S, Blaabjerg M, Assing K, Johansen IS. Whole-blood culture-derived cytokine combinations for the diagnosis of tuberculosis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1397941. [PMID: 38933274 PMCID: PMC11199390 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1397941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) disease and TB infection (TBI) remains a challenge, and there is a need for non-invasive and blood-based methods to differentiate TB from conditions mimicking TB (CMTB), TBI, and healthy controls (HC). We aimed to determine whether combination of cytokines and established biomarkers could discriminate between 1) TB and CMTB 2) TB and TBI 3) TBI and HC. Methods We used hemoglobin, total white blood cell count, neutrophils, monocytes, C-reactive protein, and ten Meso Scale Discovery analyzed cytokines (interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-13, interferon (IFN)-ɣ, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α) in TruCulture whole blood tubes stimulated by lipopolysaccharides (LPS), zymosan (ZYM), anti-CD3/28 (CD3), and unstimulated (Null) to develop three index tests able to differentiate TB from CMTB and TBI, and TBI from HC. Results In 52 persons with CMTB (n=9), TB (n=23), TBI (n=10), and HC (n=10), a combination of cytokines (LPS-IFN-ɣ, ZYM-IFN-ɣ, ZYM-TNF-α, ZYM-IL-1β, LPS-IL-4, and ZYM-IL-6) and neutrophil count could differentiate TB from CMTB with a sensitivity of 52.2% (95% CI: 30.9%-73.4%) and a specificity of 100 % (66.4%-100%). Null- IFN-ɣ, Null-IL-8, CD3-IL-6, CD3-IL-8, CD3-IL-13, and ZYM IL-1b discriminated TB from TBI with a sensitivity of 73.9% (56.5% - 91.3%) and a specificity of 100% (69.2-100). Cytokines and established biomarkers failed to differentiate TBI from HC with ≥ 98% specificity. Discussion Selected cytokines may serve as blood-based add-on tests to detect TB in a low-endemic setting, although these results need to be validated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Ahrens Østergaard
- Research Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Søren Feddersen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Mike B. Barnkob
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | | | - Amanda Cecilie Annie Karstoft
- Research Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Maria Borup
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Ingrid Louise Titlestad
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Odense Respiratory Research Unit (ODIN), Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | | | - Ole Hilberg
- Department of Medicine, Vejle Hospital, Hospital Lillebælt, Vejle, Denmark
| | - Christian Wejse
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Center for Global Health (GloHAU), Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Stephanie Bjerrum
- Research Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Morten Blaabjerg
- Research Unit of Neurology, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Neurology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Kristian Assing
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Research Unit of Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical Research, Odense, Denmark
| | - Isik Somuncu Johansen
- Research Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
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Gatti DM, Tyler AL, Mahoney JM, Churchill GA, Yener B, Koyuncu D, Gurcan MN, Niazi MKK, Tavolara T, Gower A, Dayao D, McGlone E, Ginese ML, Specht A, Alsharaydeh A, Tessier PA, Kurtz SL, Elkins KL, Kramnik I, Beamer G. Systems genetics uncover new loci containing functional gene candidates in Mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected Diversity Outbred mice. PLoS Pathog 2024; 20:e1011915. [PMID: 38861581 PMCID: PMC11195971 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis infects two billion people across the globe, and results in 8-9 million new tuberculosis (TB) cases and 1-1.5 million deaths each year. Most patients have no known genetic basis that predisposes them to disease. Here, we investigate the complex genetic basis of pulmonary TB by modelling human genetic diversity with the Diversity Outbred mouse population. When infected with M. tuberculosis, one-third develop early onset, rapidly progressive, necrotizing granulomas and succumb within 60 days. The remaining develop non-necrotizing granulomas and survive longer than 60 days. Genetic mapping using immune and inflammatory mediators; and clinical, microbiological, and granuloma correlates of disease identified five new loci on mouse chromosomes 1, 2, 4, 16; and three known loci on chromosomes 3 and 17. Further, multiple positively correlated traits shared loci on chromosomes 1, 16, and 17 and had similar patterns of allele effects, suggesting these loci contain critical genetic regulators of inflammatory responses to M. tuberculosis. To narrow the list of candidate genes, we used a machine learning strategy that integrated gene expression signatures from lungs of M. tuberculosis-infected Diversity Outbred mice with gene interaction networks to generate scores representing functional relationships. The scores were used to rank candidates for each mapped trait, resulting in 11 candidate genes: Ncf2, Fam20b, S100a8, S100a9, Itgb5, Fstl1, Zbtb20, Ddr1, Ier3, Vegfa, and Zfp318. Although all candidates have roles in infection, inflammation, cell migration, extracellular matrix remodeling, or intracellular signaling, and all contain single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), SNPs in only four genes (S100a8, Itgb5, Fstl1, Zfp318) are predicted to have deleterious effects on protein functions. We performed methodological and candidate validations to (i) assess biological relevance of predicted allele effects by showing that Diversity Outbred mice carrying PWK/PhJ alleles at the H-2 locus on chromosome 17 QTL have shorter survival; (ii) confirm accuracy of predicted allele effects by quantifying S100A8 protein in inbred founder strains; and (iii) infection of C57BL/6 mice deficient for the S100a8 gene. Overall, this body of work demonstrates that systems genetics using Diversity Outbred mice can identify new (and known) QTLs and functionally relevant gene candidates that may be major regulators of complex host-pathogens interactions contributing to granuloma necrosis and acute inflammation in pulmonary TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel M. Gatti
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, United States of America
| | - Anna L. Tyler
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, United States of America
| | | | | | - Bulent Yener
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, United States of America
| | - Deniz Koyuncu
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, United States of America
| | - Metin N. Gurcan
- Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - MK Khalid Niazi
- Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Thomas Tavolara
- Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Adam Gower
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Denise Dayao
- Tufts University Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Emily McGlone
- Tufts University Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Melanie L. Ginese
- Tufts University Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Aubrey Specht
- Tufts University Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Anas Alsharaydeh
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | - Philipe A. Tessier
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Laval University School of Medicine, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sherry L. Kurtz
- Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Karen L. Elkins
- Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Igor Kramnik
- National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Gillian Beamer
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
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Nosik M, Ryzhov K, Kudryavtseva AV, Kuimova U, Kravtchenko A, Sobkin A, Zverev V, Svitich O. Decreased IL-1 β Secretion as a Potential Predictor of Tuberculosis Recurrence in Individuals Diagnosed with HIV. Biomedicines 2024; 12:954. [PMID: 38790916 PMCID: PMC11117744 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12050954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: The mechanisms of the formation of immunological competence against tuberculosis (TB), and especially those associated with HIV co-infection, remain poorly understood. However, there is an urgent need for risk recurrence predictive biomarkers, as well as for predictors of successful treatment outcomes. The goal of the study was to identify possible immunological markers of TB recurrence in individuals with HIV/TB co-infection. Methods: The plasma levels of IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-10, and IL-1β (cytokines which play important roles in the immune activation and protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis) were measured using ELISA EIA-BEST kits. The cytokine concentrations were determined using a standard curve obtained with the standards provided by the manufacturer of each kit. Results: A total of 211 individuals were enrolled in the study as follows: 62 patients with HIV/TB co-infection, 52 with HIV monoinfection, 52 with TB monoinfection, and 45 healthy donors. Out of the 62 patients with HIV/TB, 75.8% (47) of patients were newly diagnosed with HIV and TB, and 24.2% (15) displayed recurrent TB and were newly diagnosed with HIV. Decreased levels of IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-10 were observed in patients with HIV/TB when compared with HIV and TB patients. However, there was no difference in IFN-γ, TNF-α, or IL-10 secretion between both HIV/TB groups. At the same time, an almost 4-fold decrease in Il-1β levels was detected in the HIV/TB group with TB recurrence when compared with the HIV/TB group (p = 0.0001); a 2.8-fold decrease when compared with HIV patients (p = 0.001); and a 2.2-fold decrease with newly diagnosed TB patients (p = 0.001). Conclusions: Significantly decreased Il-1β levels in HIV/TB patients' cohort with secondary TB indicate that this cytokine can be a potential biomarker of TB recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Nosik
- I.I. Mechnikov Institute of Vaccines and Sera, 105064 Moscow, Russia; (K.R.); (V.Z.); (O.S.)
| | - Konstantin Ryzhov
- I.I. Mechnikov Institute of Vaccines and Sera, 105064 Moscow, Russia; (K.R.); (V.Z.); (O.S.)
| | - Asya V. Kudryavtseva
- La Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Bernardo O’Higgings-Escuela de Medicina, Santiago 8370993, Chile;
| | - Ulyana Kuimova
- Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Rospotrebnadzor, 111123 Moscow, Russia; (U.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Alexey Kravtchenko
- Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Rospotrebnadzor, 111123 Moscow, Russia; (U.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Alexandr Sobkin
- G.A. Zaharyan Moscow Tuberculosis Clinic, Department for Treatment of TB Patients with HIV, 125466 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Vitaly Zverev
- I.I. Mechnikov Institute of Vaccines and Sera, 105064 Moscow, Russia; (K.R.); (V.Z.); (O.S.)
| | - Oxana Svitich
- I.I. Mechnikov Institute of Vaccines and Sera, 105064 Moscow, Russia; (K.R.); (V.Z.); (O.S.)
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Xiao Y, Mi W, Wang J, Wen D, Wang Y, Gu Y, Hao D, Yan W, Chen X, Li W. A Propensity Score-Matched Study on the Changes of TB Status and TB-IGRA Values in Patients with Psoriasis with Latent TB Receiving Secukinumab. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) 2023; 13:2387-2401. [PMID: 37615837 PMCID: PMC10539261 DOI: 10.1007/s13555-023-00998-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The utilization of biologics in patients with psoriasis with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) has garnered significant attention. Although the tuberculosis (TB) safety profile of second-generation biologics, including secukinumab, has been partially confirmed in both clinical trials and real-world studies, the necessity for prophylactic therapy in patients with LTBI prior to administering this class of biologics remains a topic of controversy. METHODS This study enrolled 62 patients with psoriasis with LTBI who underwent secukinumab with routine TB reexamination. Patients were divided into two groups based on whether they received antituberculosis therapy (ATB; n = 48) or not (NTB; n = 16). We performed a propensity score-matched (PSM) analysis between ATB and NTB subgroups and retrospectively reviewed their interferon-gamma release assays (IGRA) and radiographic results. RESULTS No active TB case was reported on the basis of medical records and chest radiographs in either two group. Before PSM, the mean reexamining IGRA value was significantly elevated in patients who received prophylactic therapy (P = 0.00), but no significant increase was observed in patients who were not. After PSM, there was no significant IGRA value enhancement whether or not patients received prophylactic treatment. CONCLUSION Our data provide additional information on the safety profile of secukinumab in patients with psoriasis with LTBI. Furthermore, our presentation of the reexamined IGRA results revealed no significant elevation in the ATB or NTB group. As such, we believe further exploration is necessary to determine whether anti-TB medication is required prior to administering secukinumab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Xiao
- Department of Dermatology & Venereology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenyao Mi
- Department of Dermatology & Venereology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinqiu Wang
- Department of Dermatology & Venereology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Dingke Wen
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiyi Wang
- Department of Dermatology & Venereology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanxia Gu
- Department of Dermatology & Venereology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Hao
- Department of Dermatology & Venereology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Yan
- Department of Dermatology & Venereology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuerong Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Dermatology & Venereology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
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Cavalcante-Silva LHA, Almeida FS, Andrade AGD, Comberlang FC, Cardoso LL, Vanderley SER, Keesen TSL. Mycobacterium tuberculosis in a Trap: The Role of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Tuberculosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11385. [PMID: 37511144 PMCID: PMC10379580 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex causes tuberculosis (TB), a disease that causes pulmonary inflammation but can also affect other tissues. Despite macrophages having a defined role in TB immunopathogenesis, other innate immune cells, such as neutrophils, are involved in this process. These cells have high phagocytic ability and a microbial-killing machine comprised of enzymes, antimicrobial peptides, and reactive oxygen species. In the last two decades, a new neutrophil immune response, the neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), has been intensely researched. NETs comprise DNA associated with histones, enzymes, and antimicrobial peptides. These structures are related to antimicrobial immune response and some immuno-pathogenesis mechanisms. This mini review highlights the role of NETs in tuberculosis and how they can be helpful as a diagnostic tool and/or therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Henrique Agra Cavalcante-Silva
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Silva Almeida
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil
| | - Arthur Gomes de Andrade
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil
| | - Fernando Cézar Comberlang
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Lima Cardoso
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil
| | - Shayenne Eduarda Ramos Vanderley
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil
| | - Tatjana S L Keesen
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil
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Jamshidi P, Danaei B, Arbabi M, Mohammadzadeh B, Khelghati F, Akbari Aghababa A, Nayebzade A, Shahidi Bonjar AH, Centis R, Sotgiu G, Nasiri MJ, Migliori GB. Silicosis and tuberculosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Pulmonology 2023:S2531-0437(23)00092-2. [PMID: 37349198 DOI: 10.1016/j.pulmoe.2023.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Silicosis mostly happens in workers with high silica exposure and may accompany the development of various diseases like tuberculosis, cancer, or autoimmune diseases. The term silico-tuberculosis describes a condition in which an individual is affected by both silicosis and tuberculosis at the same time. This systematic review and meta-analysis study was conducted to evaluate the risk of tuberculosis in silicosis patients and individuals exposed to silica dust. METHODS We performed a systematic search for relevant studies up to 6 September 2022 using PubMed/ Medline, and Embase with the following keywords in titles or abstracts: "silicosis" OR "silicoses" OR "pneumoconiosis" OR "pneumoconioses" AND "tuberculosis". Cohort and case-control studies containing relevant and original information about tuberculosis infection in silicosis patients were included for further analysis. Pooled estimates and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the relative risk of tuberculosis in individuals with silicosis compared to those without; these were evaluated using the random effects model due to the estimated heterogeneity of the true effect sizes. RESULTS Out of 5352 potentially relevant articles, 7 studies were eligible for systematic review, of which 4 cohort studies were included for meta-analysis. The total population of all studies was 5884, and 90.63% were male. The mean age of participants was 47.7 years. Our meta-analysis revealed a pooled risk ratio of 1.35 (95%CI 1.18-1.53, I 2: 94.30%) which means an increased risk of silicosis patients and silica-exposed individuals to tuberculosis infection. CONCLUSION Silicosis and silica dust exposure increase the risk of tuberculosis. Therefore, we suggest that individuals with long-time silica exposure, like mine workers, be routinely considered for both silicosis and tuberculosis screening programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Jamshidi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Center of Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Hazards Control, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - B Danaei
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Arbabi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - B Mohammadzadeh
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - F Khelghati
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Akbari Aghababa
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Nayebzade
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - A H Shahidi Bonjar
- Researcher at the National Institute for Medical Research Development (NIMAD), Deputy of Research and Technology, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran; Clinician Scientist of Dental Materials and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - R Centis
- Servizio di Epidemiologia Clinica delle Malattie Respiratorie, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Tradate, Italy
| | - G Sotgiu
- Clinical Epidemiology and Medical Statistics Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Italy.
| | - M J Nasiri
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - G B Migliori
- Servizio di Epidemiologia Clinica delle Malattie Respiratorie, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Tradate, Italy.
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Molina-Torres C, Pedraza-Rodríguez C, Vera-Cabrera L, Ocampo-Candiani J, Rivas-Morales C, Viveros-Valdez E. Antimycobacterial Activity of Hedeoma drummondii against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Non-Tuberculous Mycobacteria. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12050833. [PMID: 37237736 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12050833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major health problem worldwide, and the emergence of multi-resistant strains to first-line drugs has become the biggest obstacle to its treatment. On the other hand, the incidence of non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) in humans has increased remarkably in recent years. The search for new and better treatments against mycobacterial infections is a constant at the global level. Hence, in this study, we propose to investigate the antimycobacterial effect of the extracts and major compounds of Hedeoma drummondii against clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and non-tuberculous mycobacteria: M. abscessus, M. fortuitum, M. intracellulare, and M. gordonae. To determine the antimycobacterial activity, a microdilution assay was used to establish the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the different strains of Mycobacterium. The methanolic extract presented the best activity against M. tuberculosis, inhibiting ten of the twelve strains analyzed at a concentration < 2500 µg/mL; meanwhile, the hexanic extract presented the best activity against non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) by inhibiting eight of the ten strains studied at ≤625 µg/mL. Moreover, there is a strong positive correlation between the antimycobacterial activity of pulegone and the hexanic extract against non-tuberculous strains, so this compound could serve as a predictability marker against these types of microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Molina-Torres
- Servicios de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario "José E. González", Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL), Madero y Gonzalitos, Col. Mitras Centro, Monterrey 66640, NL, Mexico
| | - Carlos Pedraza-Rodríguez
- Servicios de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario "José E. González", Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL), Madero y Gonzalitos, Col. Mitras Centro, Monterrey 66640, NL, Mexico
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas (FCB), Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL), Av. Pedro de Alba s/n, San Nicolás de los Garza 66450, NL, Mexico
| | - Lucio Vera-Cabrera
- Servicios de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario "José E. González", Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL), Madero y Gonzalitos, Col. Mitras Centro, Monterrey 66640, NL, Mexico
| | - Jorge Ocampo-Candiani
- Servicios de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario "José E. González", Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL), Madero y Gonzalitos, Col. Mitras Centro, Monterrey 66640, NL, Mexico
| | - Catalina Rivas-Morales
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas (FCB), Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL), Av. Pedro de Alba s/n, San Nicolás de los Garza 66450, NL, Mexico
| | - Ezequiel Viveros-Valdez
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas (FCB), Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL), Av. Pedro de Alba s/n, San Nicolás de los Garza 66450, NL, Mexico
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Imran M, Alotaibi NM, Thabet HK, Alruwaili JA, Asdaq SMB, Eltaib L, Alshehri A, Alsaiari AA, Almehmadi M, Alshammari ABH, Alshammari AM. QcrB inhibition as a potential approach for the treatment of tuberculosis: A review of recent developments, patents, and future directions. J Infect Public Health 2023; 16:928-937. [PMID: 37086552 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2023.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The unmet medical need for drug-resistant tuberculosis (DRTB) is a significant concern. Accordingly, identifying new drug targets for tuberculosis (TB) treatment and developing new therapies based on these drug targets is one of the strategies to tackle DRTB. QcrB is an innovative drug target to create treatments for DRTB. This article highlights QcrB inhibitors and their therapeutic compositions for treating TB. The literature for this article was gathered from PubMed and free patent databases utilizing different keywords related to QcrB inhibitor-based inventions. The data was collected from the conceptualization of telacebec (2010) QcrB to December 2022. A little interesting and encouraging research has been performed on QcrB inhibitors. Telacebec and TB47 are established QcrB inhibitors in the clinical trial. The inventive QcrB inhibitor-based drug combinations can potentially handle DRTB and reduce the TB therapy duration. The authors anticipate great opportunities in fostering QcrB inhibitor-based patentable pharmaceutical inventions against TB. Drug repurposing can be a promising strategy to get safe and effective QcrB inhibitors. However, developing drug resistance, drug tolerance, and selectivity of QcrB inhibitors for Mtb will be the main challenges in developing effective QcrB inhibitors. In conclusion, QcrB is a promising drug target for developing effective treatments for active, latent, and drug-resistant TB. Many inventive and patentable combinations and compositions of QcrB inhibitors with other anti-TB drugs are anticipated as future treatments for TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Imran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha 91911, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Nawaf M Alotaibi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha 91911, Saudi Arabia; Chemistry Department, College of Sciences and Arts, Northern Border University, Rafha 91911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamdy K Thabet
- Chemistry Department, College of Sciences and Arts, Northern Border University, Rafha 91911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jamal A Alruwaili
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, Medical Lab Technology Department, Northern Border University, Arar 91431, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed M B Asdaq
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Dariyah, Riyadh 13713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lina Eltaib
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha 91911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Alshehri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacology, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, King Faisal Road, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahad A Alsaiari
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mazen Almehmadi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
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Abdallah HM, Abu Elella MH, Abdel-Aziz MM. One-pot green synthesis of chitosan biguanidine nanoparticles for targeting M. tuberculosis. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 232:123394. [PMID: 36702228 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is considered as one of the most fatal infectious diseases nowadays. Several traditional anti-tuberculosis drugs like isoniazid have been largely applied; however, they are associated with toxicity and poor anti-TB treatment. So, the fabrication of new alternative anti-TB drugs containing natural biopolymers for TB treatment has attracted great attention in recent years because of their remarkable features: biodegradability, biocompatibility and non-toxicity. Therefore, their medicine is very effective with low side effects compared with synthetic drugs. Our current work intends to engineer chitosan biguanidine (ChBG) nanoparticles as a new safe and high-efficient anti-TB drug using one-pot, green, cost-effective ionic gelation method. The chemical structure of as-formed materials was chemically confirmed using various analysis techniques: H-NMR, FTIR, SEM, and TEM. TEM results have proved the formation of uniformly well-distributed ChBG nanoparticles with a small particle size of ~38 nm. The inhibitory activity of these prepared nanoparticles was investigated against the growth of three different M. tuberculosis pathogens such as sensitive, MDR, and XDR, and in a comparison with the isoniazid drug as a standard anti-tuberculosis drug. The antituberculosis assay results showed that ChBG NPs attained MIC values of 0.48, 3.9, 7.81 μg/mL for inhibiting the growth of sensitive, MDR, and XDR M. tuberculosis pathogens compared to bare Ch NPs (15.63, 62.5 > 125 μg/mL) and the isoniazid drug (0.24, 0, 0 μg/mL), respectively. Moreover, cytotoxicity of the ChBG NPs was examined against normal lung cell lines (Wi38) and was found to have cell viability of 100 % with the concentration range of 0.48-7.81 μg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba M Abdallah
- Polymers and Pigments Department, Chemical Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt.
| | | | - Marwa M Abdel-Aziz
- The Regional Center for Mycology and Biotechnology, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt
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Saint-Pierre G, Conei D, Cantillana P, Raijmakers M, Vera A, Gutiérrez D, Kennedy C, Peralta P, Ramonda P. Comparison of Two Tuberculosis Infection Tests in a South American Tertiary Hospital: STANDARD F TB-Feron FIA vs. QIAreachTM QuantiFERON-TB. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13061162. [PMID: 36980470 PMCID: PMC10046924 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13061162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the most prevalent respiratory diseases in the world. In 2020 there were at least 9.9 million new infections, with 1.5 million deaths. Approximately 10% of people infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis develop the disease during the first 2 to 5 years after infection. In South America, the diagnosis of Latent Tuberculosis Infections (LTBI) continues to be performed through the Mantoux tuberculin skin test (TST). Objective: The objective of our study was to compare the sensitivity of a new immunofluorescence IGRA test against a widely available IGRA kit on the market. Material and method: Close contact with infectious TB patients, HIV patients, or immunocompromised for another cause were recruited. Two interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) diagnostic kits were used and compared with TST. Results: 76 patients were recruited, 93.42% were Chilean nationality, and 98.68% of the patients did not have immunosuppression. The sensitivity of the new technique was 88.89%, and the specificity was 92.50% in the study population compared to the IGRA previously used. In the subgroup older than 36 years, the sensitivity was 95.65%, and the specificity was 89.47%. Conclusion: IGRA techniques are a new resource in clinical laboratories to make an accurate diagnosis of LTBI in the region of the Americas. In our population, the greatest benefit of this new IGRA would be observed in people over 36 years of age, where the sensitivity of the technique was like that of the currently available test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Saint-Pierre
- Unidad Microbiología Sección Koch, Hospital Barros Luco Trudeau, Servicio de Salud Metropolitano Sur, Santiago 8900000, Chile
- Programa de Virología, ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Independencia 1027, Santiago 8380453, Chile
- Correspondence:
| | - Daniel Conei
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Aysén, Coyhaique 5951537, Chile;
| | - Patricia Cantillana
- Unidad Microbiología Sección Koch, Hospital Barros Luco Trudeau, Servicio de Salud Metropolitano Sur, Santiago 8900000, Chile
| | - Mariella Raijmakers
- Medicina Interna, University of Santiago, Santiago 9170022, Chile
- Departamento de Medicina Interna, Hospital Barros Luco Trudeau, Servicio de Salud Metropolitano Sur, Santiago 8900000, Chile
| | - Andrea Vera
- Unidad Microbiología Sección Koch, Hospital Barros Luco Trudeau, Servicio de Salud Metropolitano Sur, Santiago 8900000, Chile
| | - Daniela Gutiérrez
- Unidad Microbiología Sección Koch, Hospital Barros Luco Trudeau, Servicio de Salud Metropolitano Sur, Santiago 8900000, Chile
| | - Cristopher Kennedy
- Unidad Microbiología Sección Koch, Hospital Barros Luco Trudeau, Servicio de Salud Metropolitano Sur, Santiago 8900000, Chile
| | - Paulina Peralta
- Policlínico Infectología/Inmunología, Hospital Barros Luco Trudeau, Servicio de Salud Metropolitano Sur, Santiago 8900000, Chile
| | - Paulina Ramonda
- Servicio de Salud Metropolitano Sur, Santiago 8900000, Chile
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Mundra A, Yegiazaryan A, Karsian H, Alsaigh D, Bonavida V, Frame M, May N, Gargaloyan A, Abnousian A, Venketaraman V. Pathogenicity of Type I Interferons in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:3919. [PMID: 36835324 PMCID: PMC9965986 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading cause of mortality due to infectious disease and rates have increased during the emergence of COVID-19, but many of the factors determining disease severity and progression remain unclear. Type I Interferons (IFNs) have diverse effector functions that regulate innate and adaptive immunity during infection with microorganisms. There is well-documented literature on type I IFNs providing host defense against viruses; however, in this review, we explore the growing body of work that indicates high levels of type I IFNs can have detrimental effects to a host fighting TB infection. We report findings that increased type I IFNs can affect alveolar macrophage and myeloid function, promote pathological neutrophil extracellular trap responses, inhibit production of protective prostaglandin 2, and promote cytosolic cyclic GMP synthase inflammation pathways, and discuss many other relevant findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akaash Mundra
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Aram Yegiazaryan
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Haig Karsian
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Dijla Alsaigh
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Victor Bonavida
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Mitchell Frame
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Nicole May
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Areg Gargaloyan
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Arbi Abnousian
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Vishwanath Venketaraman
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
- Graduate College of Biomedical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91768, USA
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12
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Hematological Parameters as Potential Markers for Distinguishing Pulmonary Tuberculosis from Genitourinary Tuberculosis. Pathogens 2023; 12:pathogens12010084. [PMID: 36678432 PMCID: PMC9861713 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12010084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) infection is an important public health concern in Taiwan. In addition to pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), MTBC can also cause genitourinary tuberculosis (GUTB). This study aimed to examine the role of laboratory data and the values that can be calculated from them for the early detection of GUTB. Patients admitted from 2011 to 2020 were retrospectively recruited to analyze their associated clinical data. Statistical significance was analyzed using the chi-square test and univariate analysis for different variables. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to evaluate the performances of the examined laboratory data and their calculated items, including the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), neutrophil-to-monocyte-plus-lymphocyte ratio (NMLR), and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), in diagnosing PTB or GUTB. A p-value of <0.05 was considered significant. The ROC curve showed that the discriminative power of the neutrophil count, NLR, and MLR was within the acceptable level between patients with both PTB and GUTB and those with GUTB alone (area under the curve [AUC] values = 0.738, 0.779, and 0.725; p = 0.024, 0.008, and 0.033, respectively). The discriminative power of monocytes and the MLR was within the acceptable level (AUC = 0.782 and 0.778; p = 0.008 and 0.010, respectively). Meanwhile, the neutrophil and lymphocyte counts, NLR, NMLR, and PLR had good discriminative power (AUC = 0.916, 0.896, 0.898, 0.920, and 0.800; p < 0.001, <0.001, <0.001, <0.001, and 0.005, respectively) between patients with GUTB and those with PTB alone. In conclusion, the neutrophil count, lymphocyte count, NLR, NMLR, and PLR can be used as potential markers for distinguishing PTB from GUTB.
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13
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Mtafya B, Sabi I, John J, Sichone E, Olomi W, Gillespie SH, Ntinginya NE, Sabiiti W. Systematic assessment of clinical and bacteriological markers for tuberculosis reveals discordance and inaccuracy of symptom-based diagnosis for treatment response monitoring. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:992451. [DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.992451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundClinical symptoms are the benchmark of tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis and monitoring of treatment response but are not clear how they relate to TB bacteriology, particularly the novel tuberculosis-molecular bacterial load assay (TB-MBLA).MethodsPresumptive cases were bacteriologically confirmed for TB and assessed for symptoms and bacteriological resolution using smear microscopy (SM), culture, and TB-MBLA over 6-month treatment course. Kaplan–Meier and Kappa statistics were used to test the relationship between symptoms and bacteriological positivity.ResultsA cohort of 46 bacteriologically confirmed TB cases were analyzed for treatment response over a 6-month treatment course. Pre-treatment symptoms and bacteriological positivity concurred in over 70% of the cases. This agreement was lost in over 50% of cases whose chest pain, night sweat, and loss of appetite had resolved by week 2 of treatment. Cough resolved at a 3.2% rate weekly and was 0.3% slower than the combined bacteriological (average of MGIT and TB-MBLA positivity) resolution rate, 3.5% per week. A decrease in TB-MBLA positivity reflected a fall in bacillary load, 5.7 ± 1.3- at baseline to 0.30 ± 1.0- log10 eCFU/ml at month 6, and closer to cough resolution than other bacteriological measures, accounting for the only one bacteriologically positive case out of seven still coughing at month 6. Low baseline bacillary load patients were more likely to be bacteriologically negative, HR 5.6, p = 0.003 and HR 3.2, p = 0.014 by months 2 and 6 of treatment, respectively.ConclusionThe probability of clinical symptoms reflecting bacteriological positivity weakens as the patient progresses on anti-TB therapy, making the symptom-based diagnosis a less reliable marker of treatment response.
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14
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Ahizoune A, Satte A, Ajamat M, Raggabi A, Lemnouer A, Bourazza A. Neuromeningeal tuberculosis in HIV-negative patients: a retrospective study in Rabat, Morocco. Pan Afr Med J 2022; 43:31. [PMID: 36505018 PMCID: PMC9716967 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2022.43.31.28669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuro-Meningeal Tuberculosis (NMT) is a severe infection of the central nervous system which causes a public health problem in Morocco and in several countries in the world. In order to describe the epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical and outcome among NMT patients without HIV, we carried out a retrospective study at the neurology department of the Military Hospital of Rabat in Morocco, over a period of 17 years (2000-2017). Forty patients were included with a mean age of 44 years (± 18) and a sex ratio of 1.66. A history evoking the possibility of tuberculous origin was found in 8 patients (20%). Febrile confusion was the most common clinical manifestation and was observed in 22 patients (55%) followed by febrile meningeal syndrome in 12 patients (30%). The main abnormalities noted in brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were: hydrocephalus in 13 cases (32.5%), intra-cranial tuberculomas in 10 patients (25%) and leptomeningitis in 9 cases (22.5%). Cerebrospinal fluid study found clear aspect in 29 patients (75%), direct acid fast bacilli smear examination was positive in 4 patients (10%) and positive culture in 4 patients (10%). The Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) study returned positive in 6 patients (35%) of the 17 patients tested. The outcome was good in 18 patients (45%) while 19 patients suffered from neurological sequelae (47.5%) and 3 cases of death recorded (7.5%). Febrile confusion was the most reported manifestation in our patients. Subacute onset of symptoms was the most predominant feature in our patients as reported in the literature. Our results are consistent with the literature and confirm the severity of this infectious disease, even in HIV-negative patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aziz Ahizoune
- Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, University of King Mohammed V-Souissi, Rabat, Morocco,,Corresponding author: Aziz Ahizoune, Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, University of King Mohammed V-Souissi, Rabat, Morocco.
| | - Amal Satte
- Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, University of King Mohammed V-Souissi, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Ajamat
- Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, University of King Mohammed V-Souissi, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Amine Raggabi
- Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, University of King Mohammed V-Souissi, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Abdelhay Lemnouer
- Laboratory of Microbacteriology, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, University of King Mohammed V-Souissi, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Ahmed Bourazza
- Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, University of King Mohammed V-Souissi, Rabat, Morocco
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15
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Rana A, Krishnan V, Aggarwal A. Unusual patterns of tuberculosis on cross-sectional imaging: a pictorial review. THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43055-022-00875-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Tuberculosis is routinely encountered on imaging throughout the world. Radiologists are usually familiar with the common patterns of tuberculosis on cross-sectional imaging. However, tuberculosis frequently presents with unfamiliar imaging patterns and/or uncommon anatomic sites which still pose a diagnostic challenge.
Discussion
Rapid improvements in the management of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients leading to increased survival as well as advances in chemotherapy and immunosuppressive medication have complicated the presentation of tuberculosis by increasing the probability of unconventional sites and patterns of involvement in tuberculosis leading to unfamiliar imaging appearances. In this review, we describe these unfamiliar imaging patterns of tuberculosis and provide a diagnostic protocol for arriving at the right diagnosis and differentiating these from other pathologies with similar imaging appearances. These are described through case-based illustrations of unusual patterns and anatomic locations of tuberculosis.
Conclusions
It is important for radiologists to be aware of such unusual imaging patterns of tuberculosis in order to facilitate early and accurate diagnosis for appropriate patient management in the face of changing patient demographics and pathological profile of tuberculosis in the current era of scientific advancements.
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16
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Barbosa-Amezcua M, Galeana-Cadena D, Alvarado-Peña N, Silva-Herzog E. The Microbiome as Part of the Contemporary View of Tuberculosis Disease. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11050584. [PMID: 35631105 PMCID: PMC9147979 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11050584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The study of the microbiome has changed our overall perspective on health and disease. Although studies of the lung microbiome have lagged behind those on the gastrointestinal microbiome, there is now evidence that the lung microbiome is a rich, dynamic ecosystem. Tuberculosis is one of the oldest human diseases, it is primarily a respiratory infectious disease caused by strains from the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex. Even today, during the COVID-19 pandemic, it remains one of the principal causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Tuberculosis disease manifests itself as a dynamic spectrum that ranges from asymptomatic latent infection to life-threatening active disease. The review aims to provide an overview of the microbiome in the tuberculosis setting, both in patients’ and animal models. We discuss the relevance of the microbiome and its dysbiosis, and how, probably through its interaction with the immune system, it is a significant factor in tuberculosis’s susceptibility, establishment, and severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martín Barbosa-Amezcua
- Laboratorio de Farmacogenómica, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genomica (INMEGEN), Mexico City 14610, Mexico;
| | - David Galeana-Cadena
- Laboratorio de Inmunobiología y Genética, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias (INER), Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Néstor Alvarado-Peña
- Coordinación de Infectología y Microbiología, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias (INER), Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Eugenia Silva-Herzog
- Coordinación de Infectología y Microbiología, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias (INER), Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
- Laboratorio de Vinculación Científica, Facultad de Medicina-Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico-Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genomica (UNAM-INMEGEN), Mexico City 14610, Mexico
- Correspondence:
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Rajasekhar S, Das S, Karuppasamy R, Musuvathi Motilal B, Chanda K. Identification of novel inhibitors for Prp protein of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by structure based drug design, and molecular dynamics simulations. J Comput Chem 2022; 43:619-630. [PMID: 35167132 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.26823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we assess the effective inhibition of a series of thiazolidine derivatives (1a-1q) were adopting structure-based drug design. Thiazolidine is a five-membered ring structure with thioether and amino groups at positions 1 and 3. Although, thiazolidine may bind to a wide range of protein targets, it is a major heterocyclic core in medicinal chemistry. Different scoring utilities including AutoDock Vina, Glide, and MM/GBSA analysis were performed to commensurate the improvement of screening progress. The evaluated binding affinities were validated by molecular dynamics simulations over a period of 20 ns for the interactions between the Mycobacterium tuberculosis protein PrpR with three novel scaffolds (1b, 1j, and 1k). All the scaffolds exhibited distinct stable interactions with the significant residues like Arg169, Arg197, Tyr248, Arg308, and Gly311 respectively. Further, the inhibitory activities of scaffolds were predicted and evaluated by machine learning based algorithm to rank the above proposed compounds. This study reveals the potential of 1k and 1j as effective inhibitor candidates for the treatment of tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreerama Rajasekhar
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Soumyadip Das
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ramanathan Karuppasamy
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Kaushik Chanda
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
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Younis MH, Mohammed ER, Mohamed AR, Abdel-Aziz MM, Georgey HH, Abdel Gawad NM. Design, Synthesis and Anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis Evaluation of New Thiazolidin-4-one and Thiazolo[3,2-a][1,3,5]triazine Derivatives. Bioorg Chem 2022; 124:105807. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.105807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Shivakumar SVBY, Padmapriyadarsini C, Chavan A, Paradkar M, Shrinivasa BM, Gupte A, Dhanasekaran K, Thomas B, Suryavanshi N, Dolla CK, Selvaraju S, Kinikar A, Gaikwad S, Kohli R, Sivaramakrishnan GN, Pradhan N, Hanna LE, Kulkarni V, DeLuca A, Cox SR, Murali L, Thiruvengadam K, Raskar S, Ramachandran G, Golub JE, Gupte N, Mave V, Swaminathan S, Gupta A, Bollinger RC. Concomitant pulmonary disease is common among patients with extrapulmonary TB. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2022; 26:341-347. [PMID: 35351239 PMCID: PMC8982647 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.21.0501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND : Microbiologic screening of extrapulmonary TB (EPTB) patients could inform recommendations for aerosol precautions and close contact prophylaxis. However, this is currently not routinely recommended in India. Therefore, we estimated the proportion of Indian patients with EPTB with microbiologic evidence of pulmonary TB (PTB). METHODS : We characterized baseline clinical, radiological and sputum microbiologic data of 885 adult and pediatric TB patients in Chennai and Pune, India, between March 2014 and November 2018. RESULTS : Of 277 patients with EPTB, enhanced screening led to the identification of 124 (45%) with concomitant PTB, including 53 (19%) who reported a cough >2 weeks; 158 (63%) had an abnormal CXR and 51 (19%) had a positive sputum for TB. Of 70 participants with a normal CXR and without any cough, 14 (20%) had a positive sputum for TB. Overall, the incremental yield of enhanced screening of patients with EPTB to identify concomitant PTB disease was 14% (95% CI 12–16). CONCLUSIONS : A high proportion of patients classified as EPTB in India have concomitant PTB. Our results support the need for improved symptom and CXR screening, and recommends routine sputum TB microbiology screening of all Indian patients with EPTB.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - C Padmapriyadarsini
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, India
| | - A Chavan
- Johns Hopkins India, Pune, India, Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College-Johns Hopkins University Clinical Research Site, Pune, India
| | - M Paradkar
- Johns Hopkins India, Pune, India, Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College-Johns Hopkins University Clinical Research Site, Pune, India
| | - B M Shrinivasa
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, India
| | - A Gupte
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - K Dhanasekaran
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, India
| | - B Thomas
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, India
| | - N Suryavanshi
- Johns Hopkins India, Pune, India, Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College-Johns Hopkins University Clinical Research Site, Pune, India, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - C K Dolla
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, India
| | - S Selvaraju
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, India
| | - A Kinikar
- Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College, Pune, India
| | - S Gaikwad
- Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College, Pune, India
| | - R Kohli
- Johns Hopkins India, Pune, India, Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College-Johns Hopkins University Clinical Research Site, Pune, India
| | - G N Sivaramakrishnan
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, India
| | - N Pradhan
- Johns Hopkins India, Pune, India, Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College-Johns Hopkins University Clinical Research Site, Pune, India
| | - L E Hanna
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, India
| | - V Kulkarni
- Johns Hopkins India, Pune, India, Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College-Johns Hopkins University Clinical Research Site, Pune, India
| | - A DeLuca
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - S R Cox
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - L Murali
- District Tuberculosis Office, Thiruvallur, India
| | - K Thiruvengadam
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, India
| | - S Raskar
- Johns Hopkins India, Pune, India, Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College-Johns Hopkins University Clinical Research Site, Pune, India
| | - G Ramachandran
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, India
| | - J E Golub
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - N Gupte
- Johns Hopkins India, Pune, India, Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College-Johns Hopkins University Clinical Research Site, Pune, India, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - V Mave
- Johns Hopkins India, Pune, India, Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College-Johns Hopkins University Clinical Research Site, Pune, India, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - A Gupta
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - R C Bollinger
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
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20
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Cong CV, Ly TT, Anh PQ, Duc NM. Primary mediastinal lymph node tuberculosis diagnosed using endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration: Literature review and case report. Radiol Case Rep 2022; 17:1709-1717. [PMID: 35345566 PMCID: PMC8956921 DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2022.02.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis bacilli can enter the human body through the respiratory system, digestive system, or skin and mucous membranes, with the respiratory tract representing the primary point of entry. Once inside the body, tuberculosis bacilli can enter the bloodstream and attack other organs, including the lymphatic system. One manifestation associated with lymphatic tuberculosis infiltration is the presence of large hilar and mediastinal lymph nodes, which are common in children and classified as primary tuberculosis. A diagnosis of primary tuberculosis in adults is often overlooked by doctors due to its low frequency. When a single enlarged mediastinal lymph node is observed, most doctors suspect other causes, especially malignancy. Determining the correct diagnosis for enlarged hilar and mediastinal lymph nodes can be difficult because diagnostic interventions in this area are challenging to perform. We report a clinical case of primary lymph node tuberculosis in an adult, confirmed by endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration. We aim to provide doctors with a more comprehensive approach for diagnosing this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cung-Van Cong
- Department of Radiology, National Lung Hospital, Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - Tran-Thi Ly
- Center of Training and Direction of Health Care Activities, National Lung Hospital, Ha Noi, Vietnam
- Corresponding author.
| | - Pham Quynh Anh
- Department of Radiology, Hanoi Medical University, Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Minh Duc
- Department of Radiology, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Co-corresponding author.
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21
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Dass SA, Balakrishnan V, Arifin N, Lim CSY, Nordin F, Tye GJ. The COVID-19/Tuberculosis Syndemic and Potential Antibody Therapy for TB Based on the Lessons Learnt From the Pandemic. Front Immunol 2022; 13:833715. [PMID: 35242137 PMCID: PMC8886238 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.833715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
2020 will be marked in history for the dreadful implications of the COVID-19 pandemic that shook the world globally. The pandemic has reshaped the normality of life and affected mankind in the aspects of mental and physical health, financial, economy, growth, and development. The focus shift to COVID-19 has indirectly impacted an existing air-borne disease, Tuberculosis. In addition to the decrease in TB diagnosis, the emergence of the TB/COVID-19 syndemic and its serious implications (possible reactivation of latent TB post-COVID-19, aggravation of an existing active TB condition, or escalation of the severity of a COVID-19 during TB-COVID-19 coinfection), serve as primary reasons to equally prioritize TB. On a different note, the valuable lessons learnt for the COVID-19 pandemic provide useful knowledge for enhancing TB diagnostics and therapeutics. In this review, the crucial need to focus on TB amid the COVID-19 pandemic has been discussed. Besides, a general comparison between COVID-19 and TB in the aspects of pathogenesis, diagnostics, symptoms, and treatment options with importance given to antibody therapy were presented. Lastly, the lessons learnt from the COVID-19 pandemic and how it is applicable to enhance the antibody-based immunotherapy for TB have been presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Annabel Dass
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, Malaysia
| | - Venugopal Balakrishnan
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, Malaysia
| | - Norsyahida Arifin
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, Malaysia
| | - Crystale Siew Ying Lim
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Fazlina Nordin
- Tissue Engineering Centre (TEC), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Gee Jun Tye
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, Malaysia
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22
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Effect of Curcumin in Experimental Pulmonary Tuberculosis: Antimycobacterial Activity in the Lungs and Anti-Inflammatory Effect in the Brain. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23041964. [PMID: 35216083 PMCID: PMC8876821 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23041964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the ten leading causes of death worldwide. Patients with TB have been observed to suffer from depression and anxiety linked to social variables. Previous experiments found that the substantial pulmonary inflammation associated with TB causes neuroinflammation, neuronal death, and behavioral impairments in the absence of brain infection. Curcumin (CUR) is a natural product with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities. In this work, we evaluated the CUR effect on the growth control of mycobacteria in the lungs and the anti-inflammatory effect in the brain using a model of progressive pulmonary TB in BALB/c mice infected with drug-sensitive mycobacteria (strain H37Rv). The results have shown that CUR decreased lung bacilli load and pneumonia of infected animals. Finally, CUR significantly decreased neuroinflammation (expression of TNFα, IFNγ and IL12) and slightly increased the levels of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related to factor 2 (Nrf2) and the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels, improving behavioral status. These results suggest that CUR has a bactericidal effect and can control pulmonary mycobacterial infection and reduce neuroinflammation. It seems that CUR has a promising potential as adjuvant therapy in TB treatment.
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23
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Khan Z, Jugnarain D, Mahamud B, Gupta A, Patel S, Mlawa G. Systemic Manifestation of Miliary Tuberculosis in Patient With Advanced Diabetic Retinopathy Presenting With Electrolyte Imbalance, Seizures, and Adrenal Insufficiency. Cureus 2022; 14:e21047. [PMID: 35155014 PMCID: PMC8824470 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.21047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Extra-pulmonary manifestations of tuberculosis can have diverse presentations depending on the affected organs. In this case report, we describe a case of a 50-year-old man of South Asian origin who presented with acute adrenal crisis on a background of undiagnosed miliary tuberculosis. Imaging after repeated episodes of adrenal crisis and seizures revealed bilaterally enlarged adrenals and cerebral tuberculomas, suggesting adrenal and central nervous system involvement. CT chest, abdomen and pelvis showed apical lung nodules and tree-in-bud appearance suggestive of tuberculosis. Due to high endogenous levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone and a flat response after a short synacthen test, a diagnosis of primary adrenal insufficiency secondary to tuberculosis infection was made. He remains well on anti-tuberculous chemotherapy, corticosteroids, and anti-epileptic medication. This case report exemplifies the unusual but life-threatening presentations of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis that may become increasingly common with immunosuppression because of the human immunodeficiency virus global epidemic and immunosuppressant therapies; therefore, a low index of suspicion is needed in these cases.
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24
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Shield CG, Swift BMC, McHugh TD, Dedrick RM, Hatfull GF, Satta G. Application of Bacteriophages for Mycobacterial Infections, from Diagnosis to Treatment. Microorganisms 2021; 9:2366. [PMID: 34835491 PMCID: PMC8617706 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9112366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis and other non-tuberculous mycobacteria are responsible for a variety of different infections affecting millions of patients worldwide. Their diagnosis is often problematic and delayed until late in the course of disease, requiring a high index of suspicion and the combined efforts of clinical and laboratory colleagues. Molecular methods, such as PCR platforms, are available, but expensive, and with limited sensitivity in the case of paucibacillary disease. Treatment of mycobacterial infections is also challenging, typically requiring months of multiple and combined antibiotics, with associated side effects and toxicities. The presence of innate and acquired drug resistance further complicates the picture, with dramatic cases without effective treatment options. Bacteriophages (viruses that infect bacteria) have been used for decades in Eastern Europe for the treatment of common bacterial infections, but there is limited clinical experience of their use in mycobacterial infections. More recently, bacteriophages' clinical utility has been re-visited and their use has been successfully demonstrated both as diagnostic and treatment options. This review will focus specifically on how mycobacteriophages have been used recently in the diagnosis and treatment of different mycobacterial infections, as potential emerging technologies, and as an alternative treatment option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher G. Shield
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield AL9 7TA, UK;
| | - Benjamin M. C. Swift
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield AL9 7TA, UK;
| | - Timothy D. McHugh
- Centre for Clinical Microbiology, University College London, London NW3 2PF, UK; (T.D.M.); (G.S.)
| | - Rebekah M. Dedrick
- Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA; (R.M.D.); (G.F.H.)
| | - Graham F. Hatfull
- Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA; (R.M.D.); (G.F.H.)
| | - Giovanni Satta
- Centre for Clinical Microbiology, University College London, London NW3 2PF, UK; (T.D.M.); (G.S.)
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25
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Nguyen MD. A giant fourth-ventricular tuberculoma mimicking a primary posterior fossa tumor. ASIAN BIOMED 2021; 15:191-195. [PMID: 37551328 PMCID: PMC10388738 DOI: 10.2478/abm-2021-0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Typically, an intracranial tuberculoma occurs within the brain parenchyma. Intraventricular tuberculomas are rare in the absence of systemic tuberculosis (TB), and the differential diagnosis between tuberculoma and other lesions, such as primary brain tumors, can be difficult. We report an extremely unusual case of solitary fourth-ventricular tuberculoma, which occurred in a 3-year-old female patient, with no indication of TB. This lesion appeared as a primary intraventricular tumor in the fourth ventricle in both clinical and radiological examinations. In this scenario, a surgical treatment option was pursued. Histopathological testing supported the diagnosis of tuberculoma. The patient was subsequently treated with 18 months' therapy for tuberculous, without adverse events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh Duc Nguyen
- Department of Radiology, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi100000, Vietnam
- Department of Radiology, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City700000, Vietnam
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital 02, Ho Chi Minh City700000, Vietnam
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26
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Martin DR, Sibuyi NR, Dube P, Fadaka AO, Cloete R, Onani M, Madiehe AM, Meyer M. Aptamer-Based Diagnostic Systems for the Rapid Screening of TB at the Point-of-Care. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:1352. [PMID: 34441287 PMCID: PMC8391981 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11081352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The transmission of Tuberculosis (TB) is very rapid and the burden it places on health care systems is felt globally. The effective management and prevention of this disease requires that it is detected early. Current TB diagnostic approaches, such as the culture, sputum smear, skin tuberculin, and molecular tests are time-consuming, and some are unaffordable for low-income countries. Rapid tests for disease biomarker detection are mostly based on immunological assays that use antibodies which are costly to produce, have low sensitivity and stability. Aptamers can replace antibodies in these diagnostic tests for the development of new rapid tests that are more cost effective; more stable at high temperatures and therefore have a better shelf life; do not have batch-to-batch variations, and thus more consistently bind to a specific target with similar or higher specificity and selectivity and are therefore more reliable. Advancements in TB research, in particular the application of proteomics to identify TB specific biomarkers, led to the identification of a number of biomarker proteins, that can be used to develop aptamer-based diagnostic assays able to screen individuals at the point-of-care (POC) more efficiently in resource-limited settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darius Riziki Martin
- DSI/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre-Biolabels Node, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa; (D.R.M.); (N.R.S.); (P.D.); (A.O.F.); (A.M.M.)
- South African Medical Research Council Bioinformatics Unit, South African National Bioinformatics Institute, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa;
| | - Nicole Remaliah Sibuyi
- DSI/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre-Biolabels Node, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa; (D.R.M.); (N.R.S.); (P.D.); (A.O.F.); (A.M.M.)
| | - Phumuzile Dube
- DSI/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre-Biolabels Node, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa; (D.R.M.); (N.R.S.); (P.D.); (A.O.F.); (A.M.M.)
| | - Adewale Oluwaseun Fadaka
- DSI/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre-Biolabels Node, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa; (D.R.M.); (N.R.S.); (P.D.); (A.O.F.); (A.M.M.)
| | - Ruben Cloete
- South African Medical Research Council Bioinformatics Unit, South African National Bioinformatics Institute, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa;
| | - Martin Onani
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa;
| | - Abram Madimabe Madiehe
- DSI/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre-Biolabels Node, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa; (D.R.M.); (N.R.S.); (P.D.); (A.O.F.); (A.M.M.)
| | - Mervin Meyer
- DSI/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre-Biolabels Node, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa; (D.R.M.); (N.R.S.); (P.D.); (A.O.F.); (A.M.M.)
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27
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Costa CM, Gadotti LL, Seiwald MC, Salgues ACR, Ganem F, Nascimento ECT, Uip DE, Arrais-Rodrigues C, Munhoz RR. Ganglionar tuberculosis infection evolving to hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis after anti-programmed cell death 1 treatment for high-risk melanoma: a case report. J Med Case Rep 2021; 15:350. [PMID: 34233733 PMCID: PMC8265008 DOI: 10.1186/s13256-021-02900-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis is a rare, potentially fatal syndrome of immune hyperactivation. Here we describe a ganglionar tuberculosis evolving to hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis following adjuvant immunotherapy in a melanoma patient. CASE PRESENTATION A 76-year-old Caucasian male with melanoma started with fever, diffuse petechiae, splenomegaly, anemia, thrombocytopenia, hypofibrinogenemia, and hyperferritinemia 2 months following completion of adjuvant treatment with nivolumab. Positron emission tomography scan showed significant hypermetabolism in cervical, supraclavicular, mediastinal, and abdominal lymph nodes. Bone marrow aspiration demonstrated no alterations, except for a hypercellular pattern. Dexamethasone and intravenous immunoglobulin were started owing to suspicion of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. Core biopsy of the infracarinal lymph node revealed a chronic granulomatous inflammation and caseous necrosis, with positivity for Mycobacterium tuberculosis by polymerase chain reaction, and treatment for ganglionar tuberculosis was started. CONCLUSION This case highlights the challenges involving programmed cell death 1 blockade in high-risk melanoma, in which infections, lymphoproliferative disorders, and sarcoidosis can mimic disease progression and trigger immune-related adverse events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesar M Costa
- Oncology Center, Hospital Sírio Libanês (HSL), Rua Dona Adma Jafet, 91, 2nd floor, Building A, São Paulo, SP, 01308-050, Brazil
| | - Luiza L Gadotti
- Oncology Center, Hospital Sírio Libanês (HSL), Rua Dona Adma Jafet, 91, 2nd floor, Building A, São Paulo, SP, 01308-050, Brazil
| | - Maria C Seiwald
- Oncology Center, Hospital Sírio Libanês (HSL), Rua Dona Adma Jafet, 91, 2nd floor, Building A, São Paulo, SP, 01308-050, Brazil
| | - Alessandra C R Salgues
- Oncology Center, Hospital Sírio Libanês (HSL), Rua Dona Adma Jafet, 91, 2nd floor, Building A, São Paulo, SP, 01308-050, Brazil
| | - Fernando Ganem
- Oncology Center, Hospital Sírio Libanês (HSL), Rua Dona Adma Jafet, 91, 2nd floor, Building A, São Paulo, SP, 01308-050, Brazil
| | - Ellen C T Nascimento
- Oncology Center, Hospital Sírio Libanês (HSL), Rua Dona Adma Jafet, 91, 2nd floor, Building A, São Paulo, SP, 01308-050, Brazil
| | - David E Uip
- Oncology Center, Hospital Sírio Libanês (HSL), Rua Dona Adma Jafet, 91, 2nd floor, Building A, São Paulo, SP, 01308-050, Brazil
| | - Celso Arrais-Rodrigues
- Oncology Center, Hospital Sírio Libanês (HSL), Rua Dona Adma Jafet, 91, 2nd floor, Building A, São Paulo, SP, 01308-050, Brazil.,Division of Hematology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo R Munhoz
- Oncology Center, Hospital Sírio Libanês (HSL), Rua Dona Adma Jafet, 91, 2nd floor, Building A, São Paulo, SP, 01308-050, Brazil.
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28
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Isaguliants M, Nosik M, Karlsen A, Petrakova N, Enaeva M, Lebedeva N, Podchufarova D, Laga V, Gromov K, Nazarov A, Chowdhury S, Sinitsyn M, Sobkin A, Chistyakova N, Aleshina S, Grabarnik A, Palefsky JM. Prevalence and Risk Factors of Infection with High Risk Human Papilloma Viruses among HIV-Positive Women with Clinical Manifestations of Tuberculosis in a Middle-Income Country. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9060683. [PMID: 34208764 PMCID: PMC8234035 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9060683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Women living with HIV-1 are at high risk of infection with human papillomavirus of high carcinogenic risk (HR HPVs). M. tuberculosis (TB) promotes HPV infection and increases the risk to develop HPV-associated cancer. Our knowledge of persisting HR HPVs genotypes, and of the factors promoting HR HPV infection in people living with HIV-1 with clinical TB manifestations is sparse. Here, we analyzed 58 women living with HIV-1 with clinical TB manifestations (WLWH with TB) followed up in specialized centers in Russia, a middle income country endemic for HIV-1 and TB, for the presence in cervical smears of DNA of twelve HR HPV genotypes. DNA encoding HPV16 E5, E6/E7 was sequenced. Sociodemographic data of patients was collected by questionnaire. All women were at C2-C3 stages of HIV-infection (by CDC). The majority were over 30 years old, had secondary education, were unemployed, had sexual partners, experienced 2–3 pregnancies and at least one abortion, and were smokers. The most prevalent was HPV16 detected in the cervical smears of 38% of study participants. Altogether 34.5% of study participants were positive for HR HPV types other than HPV16; however, but none of these types was seen in more than 7% of tested samples. Altogether, 20.7% of study participants were positive for several HR HPV types. Infections with HPVs other than HPV16 were common among WLWH with generalized TB receiving combined ART/TB-therapy, and associated with their ability to work, indirectly reflecting both their health and lifestyle. The overall prevalence of HR HPVs was associated with sexual activity of women reflected by the number of pregnancies, and of HPV 16, with young age; none was associated to CD4+-counts, route of HIV-infection, duration of life with HIV, forms of TB-infection, or duration of ART, characterizing the immune status. Thus, WLWH with TB—especially young—were predisposed to infection with HPV16, advancing it as a basis for a therapeutic HPV vaccine. Phylogenetic analysis of HPV16 E5, E6/E7 DNA revealed no common ancestry; sequences were similar to those of the European and American HPV16 strains, indicating that HPV vaccine for WLWH could be the same as HPV16 vaccines developed for the general population. Sociodemographic and health correlates of HR HPV prevalence in WLWH deserve further analysis to develop criteria/recommendations for prophylactic catch-up and therapeutic HPV vaccination of this highly susceptible and vulnerable population group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Isaguliants
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
- Institute of Microbiology and Virology, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia
- N.F. Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology, 123098 Moscow, Russia; (A.K.); (N.P.); (V.L.); (K.G.)
- Correspondence: or
| | - Marina Nosik
- I.I. Mechnikov Institute of Vaccine and Sera, 105064 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Anastasia Karlsen
- N.F. Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology, 123098 Moscow, Russia; (A.K.); (N.P.); (V.L.); (K.G.)
- I.I. Mechnikov Institute of Vaccine and Sera, 105064 Moscow, Russia;
- Medical Academy for Continuous Professional Education, 125993 Moscow, Russia
| | - Natalia Petrakova
- N.F. Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology, 123098 Moscow, Russia; (A.K.); (N.P.); (V.L.); (K.G.)
| | - Marina Enaeva
- Moscow Clinical Scientific Center Named after A.S. Loginov, 111123 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Natalia Lebedeva
- Moscow Regional Center for Prevention and Control of AIDS and Infectious Diseases, 129110 Moscow, Russia; (N.L.); (D.P.)
| | - Daria Podchufarova
- Moscow Regional Center for Prevention and Control of AIDS and Infectious Diseases, 129110 Moscow, Russia; (N.L.); (D.P.)
| | - Vita Laga
- N.F. Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology, 123098 Moscow, Russia; (A.K.); (N.P.); (V.L.); (K.G.)
| | - Konstantin Gromov
- N.F. Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology, 123098 Moscow, Russia; (A.K.); (N.P.); (V.L.); (K.G.)
| | | | - Sona Chowdhury
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; (S.C.); (J.M.P.)
| | - Mikhail Sinitsyn
- Moscow Scientific and Clinical Center for TB Control, 107076 Moscow, Russia; (M.S.); (S.A.); (A.G.)
| | - Alexander Sobkin
- G.A. Zaharyan Moscow Tuberculosis Clinic, Department for Treatment of TB Patients with HIV Infection, 125466 Moscow, Russia; (A.S.); (N.C.)
| | - Natalya Chistyakova
- G.A. Zaharyan Moscow Tuberculosis Clinic, Department for Treatment of TB Patients with HIV Infection, 125466 Moscow, Russia; (A.S.); (N.C.)
| | - Svetlana Aleshina
- Moscow Scientific and Clinical Center for TB Control, 107076 Moscow, Russia; (M.S.); (S.A.); (A.G.)
| | - Alexei Grabarnik
- Moscow Scientific and Clinical Center for TB Control, 107076 Moscow, Russia; (M.S.); (S.A.); (A.G.)
| | - Joel M. Palefsky
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; (S.C.); (J.M.P.)
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29
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Ozdemir M, Ozdemir HG. Evaluation of patients admitted with musculoskeletal tuberculosis: sixteen years' experience from a single center in Turkey. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2021; 22:542. [PMID: 34126976 PMCID: PMC8204496 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-021-04426-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of our study was to describe musculoskeletal system tuberculosis (TB) as a single-center experience. Methods This is a retrospective observational study conducted at a TB Dispensary in the east Mediterranean part of Turkey between 2004 and 2020. The clinical and demographic characteristics including age, gender, involvement location and duration of illness, presenting complaint, local examination findings, treatment outcome were retrieved and analyzed from the case files. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS Statistics version 17.0 (IBM). The normality of data analysed by using Kolmogorov-Smirnov. The descriptive statistics were reported as mean ± standard deviation, medians, and ranges (min-max). Results Overall, 31 patients (3.2 % of all TB cases) with a mean age of 44.2 ± 16.7 years had musculoskeletal tuberculosis. The mean duration of treatment was 12.9 ± 5.5 months. Of the 31 patients, six (19.4 %) had concomitant pulmonary TB. One of the patients was in the pediatrics age group, and two of them were in the geriatric group. The most affected area was the vertebra. The most common complaint of the patients was back pain and seen in 22 patients (70.9 %). Conclusions The physicians should be suspicious about the diagnosis of musculoskeletal TB disease. If the diagnosis and treatment are delayed, spinal damage and other consequences might be incurable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikail Ozdemir
- Osmaniye Tuberculosis Dispensary Public Health Department, Kazım Karabekir Street Musa Şahin Boulevard No:74/513 Center, 80010, Osmaniye, Turkey
| | - H Gulnihal Ozdemir
- Osmaniye State Hospital Pathology Department, Akyar Central Location Hospital Street Center, 80010, Osmaniye, Turkey.
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Phenotype of Peripheral NK Cells in Latent, Active, and Meningeal Tuberculosis. J Immunol Res 2021; 2021:5517856. [PMID: 34007850 PMCID: PMC8100419 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5517856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying the immunopathology of tuberculous meningitis (TBM), the most severe clinical form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (TB), are not understood. It is currently believed that the spread of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) from the lung is an early event that occurs before the establishment of adaptive immunity. Hence, several innate immune mechanisms may participate in the containment of Mtb infection and prevent extrapulmonary disease manifestations. Natural killer (NK) cells participate in defensive processes that distinguish latent TB infection (LTBI) from active pulmonary TB (PTB). However, their role in TBM is unknown. Here, we performed a cross-sectional analysis of circulating NK cellCID="C008" value="s" phenotype in a prospective cohort of TBM patients (n = 10) using flow cytometry. Also, we addressed the responses of memory-like NK cell subpopulations to the contact with Mtb antigens in vitro. Finally, we determined plasma levels of soluble NKG2D receptor ligands in our cohort of TBM patients by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Our comparative groups consisted of individuals with LTBI (n = 11) and PTB (n = 27) patients. We found that NK cells from TBM patients showed lower absolute frequencies, higher CD69 expression, and poor expansion of the CD45RO+ memory-like subpopulation upon Mtb exposure in vitro compared to LTBI individuals. In addition, a reduction in the frequency of CD56brightCD16− NK cells characterized TBM patients but not LTBI or PTB subjects. Our study expands on earlier reports about the role of NK cells in TBM showing a reduced frequency of cytokine-producing cells compared to LTBI and PTB.
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Tuberculous osteomyelitis in condyle of mandible: A case report. ADVANCES IN ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.adoms.2021.100064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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[Right upper abdominal pain, vomiting, weight loss and icterus in a 20-year-old male refugee]. Internist (Berl) 2021; 62:203-206. [PMID: 33052456 DOI: 10.1007/s00108-020-00889-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the most common infectious diseases worldwide. The case of a 20-year old male refugee from Somalia, who initially presented with right-sided upper abdominal pain, vomiting, weight loss and jaundice with suspected cholecystitis is reported. In the course of further diagnostics, pyloric stenosis surprisingly appeared, which, like the cholestasis, was caused by compressing peripancreatic lymph nodes. Lymph node cytology finally showed evidence of caseating necrosis with evidence of TB pathogens.
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Gul S, Khalil R, Zaheer Ul-Haq, Mubarak MS. Computational Overview of Mycobacterial Thymidine Monophosphate Kinase. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:1676-1681. [PMID: 32242781 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200403114152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) ranks among the diseases with the highest morbidity rate with significantly high prevalence in developing countries. Globally, tuberculosis poses the most substantial burden of mortality. Further, a partially treated tuberculosis patient is worse than untreated; they may lead to standing out as a critical obstacle to global tuberculosis control. The emergence of multi-drug resistant (MDR) and extremely drug-resistant (XDR) strains, and co-infection of HIV further worsen the situation. The present review article discusses validated targets of the bacterial enzyme thymidine monophosphate kinase (TMPK). TMPKMTB enzyme belongs to the nucleoside monophosphate kinases (NMPKs) family. It is involved in phosphorylation of TMP to TDP, and TDP is phosphorylated to TTP. This review highlights structure elucidation of TMP enzymes and their inhibitors study on TMP scaffold, and it also discusses different techniques; including molecular docking, virtual screening, 3DPharmacophore, QSAR for finding anti-tubercular agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Gul
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, ICCBS, University of Karachi, Karachi-75210, Pakistan
| | - Ruqaiya Khalil
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, ICCBS, University of Karachi, Karachi-75210, Pakistan
| | - Zaheer Ul-Haq
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, ICCBS, University of Karachi, Karachi-75210, Pakistan
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Moule MG, Cirillo JD. Mycobacterium tuberculosis Dissemination Plays a Critical Role in Pathogenesis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:65. [PMID: 32161724 PMCID: PMC7053427 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis is primarily a respiratory pathogen. However, 15% of infections worldwide occur at extrapulmonary sites causing additional complications for diagnosis and treatment of the disease. In addition, dissemination of M. tuberculosis out of the lungs is thought to be more than just a rare event leading to extrapulmonary tuberculosis, but rather a prerequisite step that occurs during all infections, producing secondary lesions that can become latent or productive. In this review we will cover the clinical range of extrapulmonary infections and the process of dissemination including evidence from both historical medical literature and animal experiments for dissemination and subsequent reseeding of the lungs through the lymphatic and circulatory systems. While the mechanisms of M. tuberculosis dissemination are not fully understood, we will discuss the various models that have been proposed to address how this process may occur and summarize the bacterial virulence factors that facilitate M. tuberculosis dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine G. Moule
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX, United States
| | - Jeffrey D. Cirillo
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX, United States
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Bento CM, Gomes MS, Silva T. Looking beyond Typical Treatments for Atypical Mycobacteria. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:antibiotics9010018. [PMID: 31947883 PMCID: PMC7168257 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9010018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Mycobacterium comprises not only the deadliest of bacterial pathogens, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, but several other pathogenic species, including M. avium and M. abscessus. The incidence of infections caused by atypical or nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) has been steadily increasing, and is associated with a panoply of diseases, including pulmonary, soft-tissue, or disseminated infections. The treatment for NTM disease is particularly challenging, due to its long duration, to variability in bacterial susceptibility profiles, and to the lack of evidence-based guidelines. Treatment usually consists of a combination of at least three drugs taken from months to years, often leading to severe secondary effects and a high chance of relapse. Therefore, new treatment approaches are clearly needed. In this review, we identify the main limitations of current treatments and discuss different alternatives that have been put forward in recent years, with an emphasis on less conventional therapeutics, such as antimicrobial peptides, bacteriophages, iron chelators, or host-directed therapies. We also review new forms of the use of old drugs, including the repurposing of non-antibacterial molecules and the incorporation of antimicrobials into ionic liquids. We aim to stimulate advancements in testing these therapies in relevant models, in order to provide clinicians and patients with useful new tools with which to treat these devastating diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara M. Bento
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (C.M.B.); (T.S.)
- IBMC—Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Salomé Gomes
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (C.M.B.); (T.S.)
- IBMC—Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence:
| | - Tânia Silva
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (C.M.B.); (T.S.)
- IBMC—Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
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36
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Spectrum of imaging findings in pulmonary infections. Part 2: Fungal, mycobacterial, and parasitic. Pol J Radiol 2019; 84:e214-e223. [PMID: 31481993 PMCID: PMC6717951 DOI: 10.5114/pjr.2019.85813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Chest radiography is generally the first imaging modality used for the evaluation of pneumonia. It can establish the presence of pneumonia, determine its extent and location, and assess the response to treatment. Computed tomography is not used for the initial evaluation of pneumonia, but it may be used when the response to treatment is unusually slow. It helps to identify complications, detect any underlying chronic pulmonary disease, and characterise complex pneumonias. Although not diagnostic, certain imaging findings may suggest a particular microbial cause over others. Knowledge of whether pneumonia is community-acquired or nosocomial, as well as the age and immune status of the patient, can help to narrow the differential diagnoses. The purpose of this article is to briefly review the various pulmonary imaging manifestations of pathogenic organisms. This knowledge, along with the clinical history and laboratory investigations of the patient, may help to guide the treatment of pneumonia.
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Shafiei M, Ghasemian A, Eslami M, Nojoomi F, Rajabi-Vardanjani H. Risk factors and control strategies for silicotuberculosis as an occupational disease. New Microbes New Infect 2019; 27:75-77. [PMID: 30622714 PMCID: PMC6319297 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Silicotuberculosis is critical in community settings among workers and employees exposed to silica dust. Older age of entry (>30 years), male sex, infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), exposure duration, smoking, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, migration, the severity of the silicosis and the intensity of the exposure are potential risk factors. Lack of timely diagnosis and treatment for tuberculosis (TB) may also raise the rate of infection; previous treatment of TB is possibly associated with the development of silicotuberculosis in more than half of patients, increasing with age (>40 years). Identification of risk factors benefits not only the academic research community, but also the workers or employees and policy making. Some strategies can be implemented, such as controlling or reducing exposure to silica dust, ensuring continuity of treatment of TB or extended anti-TB treatment, management of the situation by occupational health professionals, prevention of oscillating migration, providing workers with compensation, training and education in occupational health, improving the quality of life of miners and workers, intensive medical surveillance and TB screening in routine health check ups, and policy making for higher immunity to inhibit inhalation of dust by workers or employees.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Shafiei
- )Department of Microbiology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - A. Ghasemian
- )Department of Microbiology, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - M. Eslami
- )Department of Microbiology and Virology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - F. Nojoomi
- )Microbiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Agarwal M, Nabavizadeh SA, Mohan S. Chapter 6 Non-Squamous Cell Causes of Cervical Lymphadenopathy. Semin Ultrasound CT MR 2017; 38:516-530. [PMID: 29031368 DOI: 10.1053/j.sult.2017.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Cervical lymphadenopathy is a common indication for imaging evaluation of the neck. Besides metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, cervical lymphadenopathy can be due to many causes, with simple reactive lymphadenopathy on one end of the spectrum and malignant lymphadenopathy due to a distant infraclavicular primary, on the other end. A systematic approach to the cause of cervical lymphadenopathy, which includes pattern of lymph node enlargement, lymph node characteristics, systemic symptoms, and extranodal abnormalities, can be very useful in arriving at the correct diagnosis. In this article, various patterns of cervical lymphadenopathy due to non-squamous cell causes are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohit Agarwal
- Department of Radiology, Section of Neuroradiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Seyed Ali Nabavizadeh
- Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Suyash Mohan
- Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.
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Ju WT, Fu Y, Liu Y, Tan YR, Dong MJ, Wang LZ, Li J, Zhong LP. Clinical and pathologic analyses of tuberculosis in the oral cavity: report of 11 cases. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2017; 125:44-51. [PMID: 29122502 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2017.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to analyze tuberculosis (TB) in the oral cavity according to clinical appearance, clinical differential diagnosis, treatment, and outcome. STUDY DESIGN We enrolled 11 patients with TB in the oral cavity between November 2012 and November 2016. Glossal lymphoid TB was excluded. Clinical symptoms, auxiliary examinations, treatments, and outcomes were recorded and analyzed. RESULTS The study population comprised 6 men and 5 women, with a mean age of 59 years. Five patients presented with ulcer, 5 with a mass, and 1 with osteomyelitis. Excisional biopsy was performed in 3 patients, mass resection in 7, and curettage of mandibular lesion in 1. After pathologic diagnosis of TB in the oral cavity in 8 patients; 6 of them underwent purified protein derivative examination, and 4 of them had positive results and received drug therapy. The mean follow-up period was 24.9 months, and there was no recurrence. CONCLUSIONS TB in the oral cavity is rare and has no specific clinical features. Pathology, acid-fast staining, polymerase chain reaction, and DNA testing for Mycobacterium tuberculosis are useful for final diagnosis. Surgery is recommended as the treatment of choice to achieve good clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu-Tong Ju
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Fu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Ran Tan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Min-Jun Dong
- Department of Radiology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-Zhen Wang
- Department of Oral Pathology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jiang Li
- Department of Oral Pathology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lai-Ping Zhong
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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40
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Blischak JD, Tailleux L, Myrthil M, Charlois C, Bergot E, Dinh A, Morizot G, Chény O, Platen CV, Herrmann JL, Brosch R, Barreiro LB, Gilad Y. Predicting susceptibility to tuberculosis based on gene expression profiling in dendritic cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5702. [PMID: 28720766 PMCID: PMC5516010 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05878-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is a deadly infectious disease, which kills millions of people every year. The causative pathogen, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), is estimated to have infected up to a third of the world's population; however, only approximately 10% of infected healthy individuals progress to active TB. Despite evidence for heritability, it is not currently possible to predict who may develop TB. To explore approaches to classify susceptibility to TB, we infected with MTB dendritic cells (DCs) from putatively resistant individuals diagnosed with latent TB, and from susceptible individuals that had recovered from active TB. We measured gene expression levels in infected and non-infected cells and found hundreds of differentially expressed genes between susceptible and resistant individuals in the non-infected cells. We further found that genetic polymorphisms nearby the differentially expressed genes between susceptible and resistant individuals are more likely to be associated with TB susceptibility in published GWAS data. Lastly, we trained a classifier based on the gene expression levels in the non-infected cells, and demonstrated reasonable performance on our data and an independent data set. Overall, our promising results from this small study suggest that training a classifier on a larger cohort may enable us to accurately predict TB susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- John D Blischak
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Committee on Genetics, Genomics, and Systems Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Ludovic Tailleux
- Integrated Mycobacterial Pathogenomics, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
| | - Marsha Myrthil
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Cécile Charlois
- Centre de Lutte Antituberculeuse de Paris, DASES Mairie de Paris, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuel Bergot
- Service de pneumologie et oncologie thoracique, CHU Côte de Nacre, 14033, Caen, France
| | - Aurélien Dinh
- Maladies Infectieuses, AP-HP, Hôpital Universitaire Raymond-Poincaré, Garches, 92380, France
| | - Gloria Morizot
- Clinical Investigation & Access Biological Resources (ICAReB), Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Olivia Chény
- Clinical Core, Centre for Translational Science, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Cassandre Von Platen
- Clinical Core, Centre for Translational Science, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Louis Herrmann
- INSERM, U1173, UFR Simone Veil, Université de Versailles Saint Quentin, Saint Quentin en Yvelines, France
- APHP, Groupe Hospitalo-Universitaire Paris Île-de-France Ouest, Garches et Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Roland Brosch
- Integrated Mycobacterial Pathogenomics, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Luis B Barreiro
- Department of Genetics, CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montreal, Québec, Canada.
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal, Montreal, Québec, Canada.
| | - Yoav Gilad
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
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