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Picard M, Scott-Boyer MP, Bodein A, Leclercq M, Prunier J, Périn O, Droit A. Target repositioning using multi-layer networks and machine learning: The case of prostate cancer. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2024; 24:464-475. [PMID: 38983753 PMCID: PMC11231507 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2024.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The discovery of novel therapeutic targets, defined as proteins which drugs can interact with to induce therapeutic benefits, typically represent the first and most important step of drug discovery. One solution for target discovery is target repositioning, a strategy which relies on the repurposing of known targets for new diseases, leading to new treatments, less side effects and potential drug synergies. Biological networks have emerged as powerful tools for integrating heterogeneous data and facilitating the prediction of biological or therapeutic properties. Consequently, they are widely employed to predict new therapeutic targets by characterizing potential candidates, often based on their interactions within a Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) network, and their proximity to genes associated with the disease. However, over-reliance on PPI networks and the assumption that potential targets are necessarily near known genes can introduce biases that may limit the effectiveness of these methods. This study addresses these limitations in two ways. First, by exploiting a multi-layer network which incorporates additional information such as gene regulation, metabolite interactions, metabolic pathways, and several disease signatures such as Differentially Expressed Genes, mutated genes, Copy Number Alteration, and structural variants. Second, by extracting relevant features from the network using several approaches including proximity to disease-associated genes, but also unbiased approaches such as propagation-based methods, topological metrics, and module detection algorithms. Using prostate cancer as a case study, the best features were identified and utilized to train machine learning algorithms to predict 5 novel promising therapeutic targets for prostate cancer: IGF2R, C5AR, RAB7, SETD2 and NPBWR1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milan Picard
- Molecular Medicine Department, CHU de Québec Research Center, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Marie-Pier Scott-Boyer
- Molecular Medicine Department, CHU de Québec Research Center, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Antoine Bodein
- Molecular Medicine Department, CHU de Québec Research Center, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Mickaël Leclercq
- Molecular Medicine Department, CHU de Québec Research Center, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Julien Prunier
- Molecular Medicine Department, CHU de Québec Research Center, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Olivier Périn
- Digital Transformation and Innovation Department, L'Oréal Advanced Research, Aulnay-sous-bois, France
| | - Arnaud Droit
- Molecular Medicine Department, CHU de Québec Research Center, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
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Adetunji A, Venishetty N, Gombakomba N, Jeune KR, Smith M, Winer A. Genomics in active surveillance and post-prostatectomy patients: A review of when and how to use effectively. Curr Urol Rep 2024; 25:253-260. [PMID: 38869692 DOI: 10.1007/s11934-024-01219-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Prostate cancer (PCa) represents a significant health burden globally, ranking as the most diagnosed cancer among men and a leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Conventional treatment methods such as radiation therapy or radical prostatectomy have significant side effects which often impact quality of life. As our understanding of the natural history and progression of PCa has evolved, so has the evolution of management options. RECENT FINDINGS Active surveillance (AS) has become an increasingly favored approach to the management of very low, low, and properly selected favorable intermediate risk PCa. AS permits ongoing observation and postpones intervention until definitive treatment is required. There are, however, challenges with selecting patients for AS, which further emphasizes the need for more precise tools to better risk stratify patients and choose candidates more accurately. Tissue-based biomarkers, such as ProMark, Prolaris, GPS (formerly Oncotype DX), and Decipher, are valuable because they improve the accuracy of patient selection for AS and offer important information on the prognosis and severity of disease. By enabling patients to be categorized according to their risk profiles, these biomarkers help physicians and patients make better informed treatment choices and lower the possibility of overtreatment. Even with their potential, further standardization and validation of these biomarkers is required to guarantee their broad clinical utility. Active surveillance has emerged as a preferred strategy for managing low-risk prostate cancer, and tissue-based biomarkers play a crucial role in refining patient selection and risk stratification. Standardization and validation of these biomarkers are essential to ensure their widespread clinical use and optimize patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adedayo Adetunji
- Department of Urology, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, USA.
| | - Nikit Venishetty
- Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Nita Gombakomba
- Department of Urology, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Karl-Ray Jeune
- Department of Urology, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Matthew Smith
- Department of Urology, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Andrew Winer
- Department of Urology, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, USA
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Ozkaya M, Simsekoglu MF, Kalender G, Sahin KC, Gurses I. Clinical and histopathological parameters in transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsies associated with tumor upgrading after radical prostatectomy: A comparative analysis of risk groups. Prostate 2024; 84:1146-1156. [PMID: 38798171 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thanks to technological advances, prostate cancer (PCa) can be diagnosed at a younger age. It is known that most of these patients are in the low-intermediate risk group, and the histological grade of the tumor increases in half of those undergoing radical prostatectomy (Rp) compared to their diagnostic biopsies. This is especially important in terms of active surveillance (AS) and/or the timely evaluation of curative treatment options in patients diagnosed at an early age. Our aim was to investigate clinical and histopathological parameters that may be associated with an increase in the histological grade of the tumor in patients with acinar adenocarcinoma who were diagnosed by transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy (TRUS-Bx) and underwent Rp. METHODS A total of 205 patients with classical acinar adenocarcinoma diagnosed by TRUS-Bx without metastasis and who underwent Rp were grouped according to the D'Amico risk classification. Age at diagnosis, serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA), PSA density, prostate volume, Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) score, clinical stage, Gleason Grade Group (GGG), high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia in tumor-free cores (HGPIN) (single and ≥2 cores), perineural invasion (PNI), and lymphovascular invasion (LVI) was obtained. Additionally, GGG, pathological stage, lymph node metastasis, surgical margin positivity, and tumor volume obtained from Rp were evaluated. Comparisons were made between the case groups in which the tumor grade increased and remained the same, in terms of age, serum PSA, PSA density, HGPIN in tumor-free cores (single and ≥2 cores), PNI, and LVI in all biopsies (with or without tumors), as well as risk groups. In addition, the relationships of HGPIN in tumor-free cores (single and ≥2 cores), PNI, and LVI on TRUS-Bx with age, serum PSA and PSA density, tumor volume, surgical margin positivity, pathological stage, lymph node metastasis, and risk groups were examined separately. RESULTS Of the patients, 72 (35.1%) were in the low-risk group, 95 (46.3%) in the intermediate-risk group, and 38 (18.5%) in the high-risk group. Most of the patients with an increased histological grade (n = 38, 48.1%) were in the low-risk group (p < 0.05) and had an advanced median age. HGPIN in single and ≥2 tumor-free cores and PNI were more common in these patients (p < 0.01, p < 0.001, and p < 0.05, respectively). According to the multivariable analysis, advanced age (odds ratio [OR]: 1.087, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.029-1.148, p < 0.05), high serum PSA (OR: 1.047, 95% CI: 1.006-1.090, p < 0.05), HGPIN in ≥2 tumor-free cores (OR: 6.346, 95% CI: 3.136-12.912, p < 0.001), and PNI (OR: 3.138, 95% CI: 1.179-8.356, p < 0.05) were independent risk factors for a tumor upgrade. Furthermore, being in the low-risk group was an independent risk factor when compared to the intermediate- and high-risk groups (OR: 0.187, 95% CI: 0.080-0.437, p < 0.001 and OR: 0.054, 95% CI: 0.013-0.230, p < 0.001, respectively). The HGPIN diagnosis was more common in the low- and intermediate-risk groups. Advanced age at diagnosis, high serum PSA and PSA density values were associated with PNI on TRUS-Bx. High serum PSA and PSA density values were associated with LVI on TRUS-Bx. Surgical margin positivity was higher in cases with PNI and LVI detected by TRUS-Bx. HGPIN in ≥2 tumor-free cores, PNI, and LVI on TRUS-Bx were associated with a higher rate of lymph node metastases. CONCLUSIONS In patients diagnosed with acinar adenocarcinoma, the presence of HGPIN even in a single tumor-free core on TRUS-Bx was found to be significant in terms of showing an increase in the histological tumor grade in Rp. The diagnosis of HGPIN in ≥2 tumor-free cores on TRUS-Bx was determined as an independent risk factor for an increased Gleason score after Rp. Furthermore, an advanced age, a high serum PSA value, being in the low-risk group, and the presence of PNI were associated with a tumor upgrade. HGPIN in ≥2 tumor-free cores, PNI, and LVI were also associated with lymph node metastasis. Therefore, the diagnosis of HGPIN should be signed out on pathological reports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Ozkaya
- Department of Urology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Muhammed Fatih Simsekoglu
- Department of Urology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Goktug Kalender
- Department of Urology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kadir Can Sahin
- Department of Urology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Iclal Gurses
- Department of Pathology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
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Mohamad O, Li YR, Feng F, Hong JC, Wong A, El Kouzi Z, Shelan M, Zilli T, Carroll P, Roach M. Delayed definitive management of localized prostate cancer: what do we know? Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2024:10.1038/s41391-024-00876-2. [PMID: 39128937 DOI: 10.1038/s41391-024-00876-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Delays in the work-up and definitive management of patients with prostate cancer are common, with logistics of additional work-up after initial prostate biopsy, specialist referrals, and psychological reasons being the most common causes of delays. During the COVID-19 pandemic and the subsequent surges, timing of definitive care delivery with surgery or radiotherapy has become a topic of significant concern for patients with prostate cancer and their providers alike. In response, recommendations for the timing of definitive management of prostate cancer with radiotherapy and radical prostatectomy were published but without a detailed rationale for these recommendations. While the COVID-19 pandemic is behind us, patients are always asking the question: "When should I start radiation or undergo surgery?" In the absence of level I evidence specifically addressing this question, we will hereby present a narrative review to summarize the available data on the effect of treatment delays on oncologic outcomes for patients with localized prostate cancer from prospective and retrospective studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama Mohamad
- Department of Genito-urinary Radiation Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yun Rose Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, City of Hope Cancer center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Felix Feng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Urology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Julian C Hong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Anthony Wong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Zakaria El Kouzi
- Department of Genito-urinary Radiation Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mohamed Shelan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Inselspital Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Zilli
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, EOC, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Facoltà di Scienze biomediche, Università della Svizzera italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Peter Carroll
- Department of Urology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Mack Roach
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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Ahad A, Ejaz A, Fatima E, Sultan W, Ahmad O, Jamil A, Iqbal J, Ullah I, Alraies MC, Minhas AMK. Rising mortality related to cardiovascular disease and prostate cancer amongst older men across the United States. Curr Probl Cardiol 2024; 49:102785. [PMID: 39127433 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2024.102785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is a significant association between cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and prostate cancer (PCa), leading to high mortality. This study evaluates the trends in mortality associated with CVDs and PCa among older (≥ 65 years) men in the United States (US). METHODS This analysis utilized the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research (CDC WONDER). The analysis of Multiple Cause of Death Files was carried out from 1999 to 2019 to identify fatalities with CVD and PCa listed as either contributory or underlying causes of death. Crude and age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) per 100,000 populations for variables such as year, race and ethnicity, and geographic regions were determined. To assess annual percent change (APC), a Joinpoint regression program was employed. RESULTS Overall AAMR was 54.3 in 1999 and 34.6 in 2019. After a decline in AAMR from 1999 to 2015, an alarming rise in mortality was observed until 2019. Mortality rates were highest among Non-Hispanic (NH) Black and African American men (74.9). Geographically, the highest mortalities were witnessed in the West (46.4) and non-metropolitan areas (44.6). States with AAMRs ranking in the 90th percentile were Nebraska, California, North Dakota, the District of Columbia, and Mississippi. CONCLUSION After decreasing death rates associated with CVD and PCa from 1999 to 2015, a reversal in the trend was observed from 2015 to 2019. Addressing this increase in death rates, especially among the vulnerable population, requires focused attention and targeted strategies to implement necessary safeguards in the upcoming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Ahad
- Department of Physiology, Khyber Medical College, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Arooba Ejaz
- Department of Medicine, Dow Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Eeshal Fatima
- Department of Medicine, Services Institute of Medical Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Wania Sultan
- Department of Medicine, Dow Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Owais Ahmad
- Department of Medicine, Islamic International Medical College, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Adeena Jamil
- Department of Medicine, Dow International Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Javed Iqbal
- Nursing Department, Hamad Medical Corporation, P.O. Box 3050, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Irfan Ullah
- Institute of Public Health and Social Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan; Department of Internal Medicine, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - M Chadi Alraies
- Department of Cardiology, Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, MI, USA
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Raines C, Noorvash B, Posadas EM, Sandler HM, Freedland SJ, Gresham G. Applications of wearable activity monitors for prostate cancer survivors: A systematic scoping review. Contemp Clin Trials 2024; 143:107563. [PMID: 38723860 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2024.107563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wearable technology is used to monitor and motivate physical activity (PA) and provides continuous, objective PA and sleep data outside the clinical setting. We reviewed the literature to understand how wearables are integrated into prostate cancer (PC) investigations in order to identify current practices, gaps, and research opportunities. METHODS We conducted a literature search for articles using wearables, among PC survivors published between 2012 and 2022. We extracted study details, interventions and outcomes, participant baseline characteristics, and device characteristics and grouped them by study type: randomized control trials (RCTs) and non-randomized studies. RESULTS Of 354 articles screened, 44 met eligibility criteria (23 RCTs, and 21 non-randomized). 89% used wearables to monitor PA metrics, 11%, sleep metrics, and 6.8%, both. Most studies involved exercise (70% RCTs, 9% non-randomized studies) or lifestyle interventions (30% RCTs, 9% non-randomized studies). Intervention delivery methods included personalized computer-based (48%), in-person (e.g., trainer) (20%), and education web or print-based (20%). Interventions occurred at the participant's home (48%) or at a gym (20%). 57% of the studies evaluated the feasibility and acceptability of the wearable as an activity-measuring device or as part of a remotely delivered computer-based intervention. Studies used wearables to monitor adherence to PA interventions, motivate behavior change, to assess patient outcomes (e.g., patient function, quality of life, mood), or as data collection tools. CONCLUSIONS Wearables are primarily being used to assess daily activity and monitor adherence to exercise interventions in clinical studies involving PC survivors. Findings suggest that they are feasible for use in this population. More research is needed to understand how to integrate wearables into routine clinical care, expand their use to predict clinical outcomes, or to deliver tailored interventions for PC survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Raines
- Cancer Research Center for Health Equity, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America.
| | - Brandon Noorvash
- Cancer Research Center for Health Equity, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America.
| | - Edwin Melencio Posadas
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America.
| | - Howard M Sandler
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America.
| | - Stephen J Freedland
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America.
| | - Gillian Gresham
- Cancer Research Center for Health Equity, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America.
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Thakker PU, Perry AG, Hemal AK, Bercu CH, Petrou SP, Pak RW, Broderick GA, Thiel DD, Dora CD, Lyon TD, Igel TC, Craven TE, Pathak RA. Racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic disparities in rates of stage IV prostate cancer after USPSTF category "D" recommendation against prostate-specific antigen screening: a retrospective cohort study. Transl Androl Urol 2024; 13:1093-1103. [PMID: 39100847 PMCID: PMC11291402 DOI: 10.21037/tau-24-90] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background In 2012 the United States Preventative Services Task Force (USPSTF) changed its prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening recommendation to a category "D". The purpose of this study is to examine racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic differences in risk of presentation with metastatic prostate cancer (mPCa) at time of diagnosis before and after the 2012 USPSTF category "D" recommendation. Methods This is a population-based cohort study. We identified patients with mPCa at diagnosis within the National Cancer Database from 2004-2017. Logistic regression models were used to examine associations of mPCa with age, race, ethnicity, geographic location, education level, income, and insurance status. Linear regression models assuming underlying binomial distribution were fitted to annual percentage of mPCa at diagnosis for years 2012-2017 to evaluate the post category "D" recommendation era. Results From 2004 to 2017, 88,987 patients presented with mPCa. A higher percentage of mPCa was noted post-USPSTF category "D" recommendation, with a disproportionately greater increase observed among Hispanics and non-Hispanic Blacks [Δslope/year: Hispanics (0.0092), non-Hispanic Blacks (0.0073) and non-Hispanic Whites (0.0070)]. Insurance status impacts race/ethnicity differently: uninsured Hispanics were 3.66 times more likely to present with mPCa than insured Hispanics, while uninsured non-Hispanic Blacks were 2.62 times more likely to present with mPCa than insured non-Hispanic Blacks. Household income appears to be associated with differences in mPCa, particularly among non-Hispanic Blacks. Those earning <$30,000 were more likely to present with mPCa compared to higher income brackets. Conclusions Since the USPSTF grade "D" recommendation against PSA screening, the percentage of mPCa at diagnosis has increased, with a higher rate of increase among Hispanic and non-Hispanic Blacks compared to non-Hispanic Whites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parth U. Thakker
- Department of Urology, Atrium Wake Forest Baptist Health, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Alan G. Perry
- Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Ashok K. Hemal
- Department of Urology, Atrium Wake Forest Baptist Health, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Caleb H. Bercu
- Department of Urology, Atrium Wake Forest Baptist Health, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | | | - Raymond W. Pak
- Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | - David D. Thiel
- Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | | | - Todd C. Igel
- Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Timothy E. Craven
- Department of Urology, Atrium Wake Forest Baptist Health, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Ram A. Pathak
- Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
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Stamatakos PV, Fragkoulis C, Leventi A, Gklinos K, Kontolatis N, Papatsoris A, Dellis A. PSMA-based therapeutics for prostate cancer. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2024. [PMID: 39054909 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2024.2385726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The prostate cancer (PCa) consist the most frequently diagnosed malignancy of urogenital system in males. Traditionally, treatment of localized PCa was based on surgery or radiotherapy while hormonotherapy was used in more advanced stages. However, the implementation of radiolabels has revolutionized the landscape of prostate cancer. Specifically, prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) has been investigated in different aspects of PCa therapeutic era. AREAS COVERED A literature review is presented about the implications of PSMA radiolabels on prostate cancer treatment. PSMA tracers were initially used as an imaging technique. Afterwards, PSMA labeled with isotopes presenting cytotoxic abilities, such as lutetium-117 and actinium-225, while reports exist about the use of radioligand immunotherapy. Meanwhile, ongoing trials examine the development of novel radionuclides as well as the evolution of the PSMA-targeted ligands. EXPERT OPINION Currently, PSMA radioligand treatment of prostate cancer is approved in the metastatic stage of the disease. Meanwhile, a variety of trials exist about its possible role in less advanced stages. However, plenty of parameters should be addressed before these implementations, such as PSMA dosage, dosimetry issues and its safety profile. A future well-designed study with proper patient selection is mandatory to further explore PSMA radioligand theranostics perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Aggeliki Leventi
- Department of Urology, General Hospital of Athens "G. Gennimatas", Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Gklinos
- Department of Urology, General Hospital of Athens "G. Gennimatas", Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Kontolatis
- Department of Urology, General Hospital of Athens "G. Gennimatas", Athens, Greece
| | - Athanasios Papatsoris
- 2nd Department of Urology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hospital of Athens "Sismanoglio", Athens, Greece
| | - Athanasios Dellis
- 1st Department of Urology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hospital of Athens "Aretaieion", Athens, Greece
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Somoza-Fernández B, Escudero-Vilaplana V, Collado-Borrell R, Pérez-Ramírez S, Villanueva-Bueno C, Montero-Antón MDP, Herranz-Alonso A, Sanjurjo-Saez M. Severe neutropenia probably caused by enzalutamide and abiraterone in a prostate cancer patient. J Oncol Pharm Pract 2024:10781552241264530. [PMID: 39043218 DOI: 10.1177/10781552241264530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Abiraterone and enzalutamide are two androgen receptor pathway inhibitors approved, among others, for the treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer in adult men whose disease has progressed on or after a docetaxel-based regimen. Although hematological effects, especially neutropenia, are one of the main complications of other oral antineoplastic drugs, these adverse effects are infrequent in the case of androgen receptor pathway inhibitors. CASE REPORT We report the case of a patient diagnosed with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer who discontinued an androgen receptor pathway inhibitor due to drug-related grade 4 neutropenia. His control blood counts before enzalutamide starting were normal. After one month of treatment, he developed a grade 4 neutropenia, with complete neutrophil count recovery four weeks later. He underwent a bone marrow aspiration, which revealed normocelullar results, and enzalutamide was restarted. Three weeks later, the treatment was eventually discontinued due to neutropenia reappearance. Neutrophil count recovery was achieved one month later. Then, he started treatment with abiraterone, but two weeks later neutropenia reappeared. Abiraterone was withdrawn, and the patient recovered from neutropenia 2 weeks later. MANAGEMENT AND OUTCOMES This case exposes not only the occurrence of rare toxicity of two individual drugs but also the description of a probable drug-class adverse event not reported before. The patient recovered from neutropenia after the androgen receptor pathway inhibitor was withdrawn, thereby supporting the diagnosis of probable drug-induced neutropenia. DISCUSSION There is scarce evidence in the literature concerning androgen receptor pathway inhibitor-related neutropenia. However, its life-threatening potential cannot be ignored, so healthcare professionals should be warned of the possibility of the occurrence of such adverse reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Somoza-Fernández
- Pharmacy Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Vicente Escudero-Vilaplana
- Pharmacy Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Roberto Collado-Borrell
- Pharmacy Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Pérez-Ramírez
- Oncology Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Villanueva-Bueno
- Pharmacy Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Del Pilar Montero-Antón
- Pharmacy Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Herranz-Alonso
- Pharmacy Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Sanjurjo-Saez
- Pharmacy Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
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He S, Zhang S, Sun X, Liu R, Yuan T, Chen X, Zhang X. Global research trends on the links between prostate cancer and erectile dysfunction between 2003 and 2023: A bibliometrics and visualized study. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33834. [PMID: 39027554 PMCID: PMC11255577 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The incidence of prostate cancer (PC) has increased in recent years. Erectile dysfunction (ED) after prostate cancer treatment has aroused extensive attention. Bibliometric analysis was designed to investigate a systematic understanding of developments between PC and ED during the past 20 years. Methods Literatures on PC and ED were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection database (WoSCC). By using the VOS viewer and CiteSpace software to analysis the metrics of bibliometric literature, such as number of articles, journals, countries, institutions, authors, keywords and associated information. The number of publications per year was statistically analysed and plotted thorough Microsoft Office. In addition, Pajek software was used to adjust the visual map. Results A total of 2332 screened articles were included in the analysis. The Journal of Sexual Medicine, ranking first among the analysed journals, published 235 articles. The United States and Canada were leaders in PC and ED research. There is a need to strengthen inter-agency cooperation in this area of research on a global scale. Mulhall JP, as the most prolific author in this area of research, published 80 articles. And Rosen RC was the author with the most co-citated (693 co-citated). The main research focus on the prevention, treatment and management of ED after PC treatment in this field through the keyword analysis. Conclusions Research on PC and ED is expected to expand further worldwide. We found ED, as new sustainable treatment modalities, scientific postoperative management and psychological interventions for patients, may become the research hotspots and should be closely concerned in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songnian He
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Wuxi No.2 People's Hospital, Jiangnan University Medical Center, Affiliated Wuxi Clinical College of Nantong University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Nantong Tumor Hospital & Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Siming Zhang
- Nantong Tumor Hospital & Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | | | | | | | - Xu Chen
- Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Wuxi No.2 People's Hospital, Jiangnan University Medical Center, Affiliated Wuxi Clinical College of Nantong University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Nantong University, Nantong, China
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11
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Jehle DVK, Nguyen N, Garza MA, Kim DK, Paul KK, Bilby NJ, Bogache WK, Chevli KK. PSA Levels and Mortality in Prostate Cancer Patients. Clin Genitourin Cancer 2024; 22:102162. [PMID: 39094287 DOI: 10.1016/j.clgc.2024.102162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Prostate cancer (PC) is the second most common cancer among men around the world. Several smaller studies have explored the relationship between elevated PSA and mortality, but results have been conflicting. Additionally, studies have shown that Black men are more likely to be diagnosed with PC at late-stages and may have a twofold increase in mortality risk. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between PSA levels and mortality in patients with PC and differences between Black versus White patients. METHODS In this retrospective study, the TriNetX database, was used to extract de-identified EMRs of 198,083 patients. Patients were included if they were diagnosed with PC and had obtained a PSA level (measured in ng/mL) within 6 months prior to diagnosis. Cohorts were separated into 7 groups based on intervals of PSA, ranging from < 2 to ≥ 500 and compared to a control cohort with a PSA of 4 to 20 for differing 2-year mortality rates. A subgroup analysis was performed to compare mortality differences between Black and White patients. A posthoc analysis evaluated 5- and 10-year mortality amongst all patients with PC. RESULTS After propensity matching, mortality risk was significantly lower for patients with PSA < 2 (5.9% vs. 7.5%; RR 0.784; P < .001) when compared to the control cohort. Mortality was significantly higher for all other subsequent PSA intervals > 20, with the lowest risk ratios at PSA 20-100 (24.1% vs. 10.0%; RR 2.419; P < .001) and highest at PSA 200 to 500 (50.4% vs. 10.8%; RR 4.673; P < .001). The sub-group analysis showed that when compared to White patients, Black patients with PSA < 20 had similar mortalities, but had significantly lower 2-year mortality rates at PSA levels ≥ 20. The posthoc analysis of PSA levels and 5- and 10-year mortality of all patients with PC showed similar trends to the 2-year outcomes. CONCLUSION This study found that prostate cancer patients with significantly elevated PSA levels have a greater mortality, and Black patients have lower 2-year mortality rates than their White counterparts when matched for PSA levels greater than 20.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nam Nguyen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
| | - Michael A Garza
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
| | - Debora K Kim
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
| | - Krishna K Paul
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
| | - Nathaniel J Bilby
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
| | - William K Bogache
- Department of Urology, Grand Strand Regional Medical Center, Myrtle Beach, SC
| | - K Kent Chevli
- Department of Urology, University of Buffalo, Buffalo, NY
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12
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Banerjee S, Banerjee S, Bishayee A, Da Silva MN, Sukocheva OA, Tse E, Casarcia N, Bishayee A. Cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the potential of betulinic acid in cancer prevention and treatment. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 132:155858. [PMID: 39053249 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Betulinic acid (BA), which is a pentacyclic triterpenoid found in the bark of plane, birch, and eucalyptus trees, has emerged as a compound of significant interest in scientific research due to its potential therapeutic applications. BA has a range of well-documented pharmacological and biological effects, including antibacterial, immunomodulatory, diuretic, antiviral, antiparasitic, antidiabetic, and anticancer activities. Although numerous research studies have explored the potential anticancer effects of BA, there is a noticeable gap in the literature, highlighting the need for a more up-to-date and comprehensive evaluation of BA's anticancer potential. PURPOSE The aim of this work is to critically assess the reported cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the cancer preventive and therapeutic effects of BA. METHODS Relevant research on the inhibitory effects of BA against cancerous cells was searched using Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. RESULTS The anticancer properties of BA are mediated by the activation of cell death and cell cycle arrest, production of reactive oxygen species, increased mitochondrial permeability, modulation of nuclear factor-κB and Bcl-2 family signaling. Emerging evidence also underscores the combined anticancer effects of BA with other natural bioactive compounds or approved drugs. Notably, several novel BA nanoformulations have been found to exhibit encouraging antineoplastic activities. CONCLUSION BA, whether used alone or in combination, or as a form of nanoformulation, shows significant potential for cancer prevention and treatment. Nevertheless, further detailed studies are necessary to confirm the therapeutic effectiveness of this natural compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhasis Banerjee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Gupta College of Technological Sciences, Asansol 713 301, West Bengal, India
| | - Sabyasachi Banerjee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Gupta College of Technological Sciences, Asansol 713 301, West Bengal, India
| | | | - Milton Nascimento Da Silva
- Laboratory of Liquid Chromatography, Institute of Exact and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil; Chemistry Post-Graduation Program, Institute of Exact and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil; Pharmaceutical Science Post-Graduation Program, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
| | - Olga A Sukocheva
- Department of Hepatology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Edmund Tse
- Department of Hepatology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Nicolette Casarcia
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA.
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13
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Sameti P, Amini M, Oroojalian F, Baghay Esfandyari Y, Tohidast M, Rahmani SA, Azarbarzin S, Mokhtarzadeh A, Baradaran B. MicroRNA-425: A Pivotal Regulator Participating in Tumorigenesis of Human Cancers. Mol Biotechnol 2024; 66:1537-1551. [PMID: 37332071 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00756-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small single-stranded regulatory RNAs that are shown to be dysregulated in a wide array of human cancers. MiRNAs play critical roles in cancer progression and function as either oncogenes or tumor suppressors through modulating various target genes. Therefore, they possess great potential as diagnostic and therapeutic targets for cancer detection and treatment. In particular, recent studies have illustrated that miR-425 is also dysregulated in various human malignancies and plays a fundamental role in cancer initiation and progression. miR-425 has been reported to function as a dual-role miRNA participating in the regulation of cellular processes, including metastasis, invasion, and cell proliferation by modulating multiple signaling pathways, such as TGF-β, Wnt, and P13K/AKT pathways. Therefore, regarding recent researches showing the high therapeutic potential of miR-425, in this review, we have noted the impact of its dysregulation on signaling pathways and various aspects of tumorigenesis in a variety of human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pouriya Sameti
- Department of Biology, Higher Education Institute of Rab-Rashid, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amini
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Oroojalian
- Department of Advanced Technologies, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
- Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | | | - Maryam Tohidast
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Seyed Ali Rahmani
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Shirin Azarbarzin
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ahad Mokhtarzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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14
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He P, Liu X, Yu G, Wang Y, Wang S, Liu J, An Y. METTL3 facilitates prostate cancer progression via inducing HOXC6 m6A modification and stabilizing its expression through IGF2BP2-dependent mechanisms. Mol Cell Biochem 2024; 479:1707-1720. [PMID: 38822192 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-024-05023-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
HOXC6 (Homeobox C6) and methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) have been shown to be involved in the progression of prostate cancer (PCa). However, whether HOXC6 performs oncogenic effects in PCa via METTL3-mediated N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification is not yet reported. The Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU), flow cytometry, transwell, scratch, sphere formation assays were applied for cell growth, invasion, migration and stemness analyses. Glycolysis was evaluated by measuring glucose consumption, lactate generation and ATP/ADP ratio. The N6-methyladenine (m6A) modification profile was determined by RNA immunoprecipitation (Me-RIP) assay. The proteins that interact with PGK1 (phosphoglycerate kinase 1) were confirmed by Co-immunoprecipitation assay. Tumor formation experiments in mice were conducted for in vivo assay. PCa tissues and cells showed highly expressed HOXC6 and METTL3. Functionally, the silencing of HOXC6 or METTL3 suppresses PCa cell proliferation, invasion, migration, stemness, and glycolysis. Moreover, METTL3-induced HOXC6 m6A modification to stabilize its expression. In addition, the m6A reader IGF2BP2 directly recognized and bound to HOXC6 mRNA, and maintained its stability, and was involved in the regulation of HOXC6 expression by METTL3. Furthermore, IGF2BP2 knockdown impaired PCa cell proliferation, invasion, migration, stemness, and glycolysis by regulating HOXC6. Besides that HOXC6 interacted with the glycoytic enzyme PGK1 in PCa cells. In vivo assays further showed that METTL3 silencing reduced the expression of HOXC6 and PGK1, and impeded PCa growth. METTL3 promoted PCa progression by maintaining HOXC6 expression in an m6A-IGF2BP2-dependent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng He
- Department of Urology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32, West Section 2, 1st Ring Road, Qingyang District, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xuehui Liu
- Department of Geratology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Gui Yu
- Department of Urology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32, West Section 2, 1st Ring Road, Qingyang District, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Urology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32, West Section 2, 1st Ring Road, Qingyang District, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Shize Wang
- Department of Urology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32, West Section 2, 1st Ring Road, Qingyang District, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Urology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32, West Section 2, 1st Ring Road, Qingyang District, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yu An
- Department of Urology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32, West Section 2, 1st Ring Road, Qingyang District, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan Province, China.
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Rezaee M, Karimzadeh I, Hashemi-Meshkini A, Zeighami S, Bazyar M, Lotfi F, Keshavarz K. Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Triptorelin, Goserelin, and Leuprolide in the Treatment of Patients With Metastatic Prostate Cancer: A Societal Perspective. Value Health Reg Issues 2024; 42:100982. [PMID: 38663058 DOI: 10.1016/j.vhri.2024.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Metastatic prostate cancer is the most common malignant cancer and the second leading cause of death due to various types of cancer among men after lung cancer. This study aimed to analyze the cost-effectiveness of triptorelin, goserelin, and leuprolide in the treatment of the patients with metastatic prostate cancer from the societal perspective in Iran in 2020. METHODS This is a cost-effectiveness study in which a 20-year Markov transition modeling was applied. In this study, local cost and quality-of-life data of each health state were gathered from cohort of patients. The TreeAge pro 2020 and Microsoft Excel 2016 software were used to simulate cost-effectiveness of each treatment in the long term. The one-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were also performed to measure robustness of the model outputs. RESULTS The findings indicated that the mean costs and utility gained over a 20-year horizon for goserelin, triptorelin, and leuprolide treatments were $ 13 539.13 and 6.365 quality-adjusted life-years (QALY), $ 18 124.75 and 6.658 QALY, and $ 26 006.92 and 6.856 QALY, respectively. Goserelin was considered as a superior treatment option, given the estimated incremental cost-effectiveness ratio. The one-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of the study outcomes. CONCLUSIONS According to the results of the present study, goserelin was the most effective and cost-effective strategy versus 2 other options. It could be recommended to policy makers of the Iran healthcare system to prioritize it in clinical guidelines and reimbursement policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Rezaee
- Student Research Committee, School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Fars, Iran; Health Human Resources Research Center, School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Fars, Iran
| | - Iman Karimzadeh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Fars, Iran
| | - Amir Hashemi-Meshkini
- Department of Pharmacoeconomics and Pharmaceutical Administration, Faculty of Pharmacy and Evidence-Based Medicine Group, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahryar Zeighami
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Fars, Iran
| | - Mohammad Bazyar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Fars, Iran
| | - Farhad Lotfi
- Health Human Resources Research Center, School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Fars, Iran
| | - Khosro Keshavarz
- Health Human Resources Research Center, School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Fars, Iran; Emergency Medicine Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Fars, Iran.
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16
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Zhang Y, Stopsack KH, Song M, Mucci LA, Liu B, Penney KL, Tabung FK, Giovannucci E, Plym A. Healthy dietary patterns and risk of prostate cancer in men at high genetic risk. Int J Cancer 2024; 155:71-80. [PMID: 38429859 PMCID: PMC11068494 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Prostate cancer has high heritability. Healthy lifestyle has been associated with lower lethal prostate cancer risk among men at increased genetic susceptibility, but the role of healthy dietary patterns remains unknown. We prospectively followed 10,269 genotyped men in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (1993-2019). Genetic risk was quantified using an established polygenic risk score (PRS). Five dietary patterns were investigated: healthy eating index, Mediterranean, diabetes risk-reducing, hyperinsulinemic and inflammatory diet. Overall and lethal prostate cancer rates (metastatic disease/prostate cancer-specific death) were analyzed using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models. During 26 years of follow-up, 2133 overall and 253 lethal prostate cancer events were documented. In the highest PRS quartile, higher adherence to a diabetes risk-reducing diet was associated with lower rates of overall (top vs. bottom quintile HR [95% CI], 0.74 [0.58-0.94]) and lethal prostate cancer (0.43 [0.21-0.88]). A low insulinemic diet was associated with similar lower rates (overall, 0.76 [0.60-0.95]; lethal, 0.46 [0.23-0.94]). Other dietary patterns showed weaker, but similar associations. In the highest PRS quartile, men with healthy lifestyles based on body weight, physical activity, and low insulinemic diet had a substantially lower rate (0.26 [0.13-0.49]) of lethal prostate cancer compared with men with unhealthy lifestyles, translating to a lifetime risk of 3.4% (95% CI, 2.3%-5.0%) among those with healthy lifestyles and 9.5% (5.3%-16.7%) among those with unhealthy lifestyles. Our findings indicate that lifestyle modifications lowering insulin resistance and chronic hyperinsulinemia could be relevant in preventing aggressive prostate cancer among men genetically predisposed to prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Konrad H. Stopsack
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mingyang Song
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lorelei A. Mucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Discovery Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta GA
| | - Binkai Liu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kathryn L. Penney
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Fred K. Tabung
- Division of Medicine Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine and Comprehensive Cancer Center-James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Edward Giovannucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anna Plym
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Urology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Bauso LV, La Fauci V, Munaò S, Bonfiglio D, Armeli A, Maimone N, Longo C, Calabrese G. Biological Activity of Natural and Synthetic Peptides as Anticancer Agents. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7264. [PMID: 39000371 PMCID: PMC11242495 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of morbidity and death worldwide, making it a serious global health concern. Chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgical treatment are the most used conventional therapeutic approaches, although they show several side effects that limit their effectiveness. For these reasons, the discovery of new effective alternative therapies still represents an enormous challenge for the treatment of tumour diseases. Recently, anticancer peptides (ACPs) have gained attention for cancer diagnosis and treatment. ACPs are small bioactive molecules which selectively induce cancer cell death through a variety of mechanisms such as apoptosis, membrane disruption, DNA damage, immunomodulation, as well as inhibition of angiogenesis, cell survival, and proliferation pathways. ACPs can also be employed for the targeted delivery of drugs into cancer cells. With over 1000 clinical trials using ACPs, their potential for application in cancer therapy seems promising. Peptides can also be utilized in conjunction with imaging agents and molecular imaging methods, such as MRI, PET, CT, and NIR, improving the detection and the classification of cancer, and monitoring the treatment response. In this review we will provide an overview of the biological activity of some natural and synthetic peptides for the treatment of the most common and malignant tumours affecting people around the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana Vittoria Bauso
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres, 31, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Valeria La Fauci
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres, 31, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Serena Munaò
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres, 31, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Desirèe Bonfiglio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres, 31, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Alessandra Armeli
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres, 31, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Noemi Maimone
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres, 31, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Clelia Longo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres, 31, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Giovanna Calabrese
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres, 31, 98168 Messina, Italy
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18
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Li J, Deng Z, Soerensen SJC, Kachuri L, Cardenas A, Graff RE, Leppert JT, Langston ME, Chung BI. Ambient air pollution and urological cancer risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological evidence. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5116. [PMID: 38879581 PMCID: PMC11180144 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48857-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Exposure to ambient air pollution has significant adverse health effects; however, whether air pollution is associated with urological cancer is largely unknown. We conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis with epidemiological studies, showing that a 5 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 exposure is associated with a 6%, 7%, and 9%, increased risk of overall urological, bladder, and kidney cancer, respectively; and a 10 μg/m3 increase in NO2 is linked to a 3%, 4%, and 4% higher risk of overall urological, bladder, and prostate cancer, respectively. Were these associations to reflect causal relationships, lowering PM2.5 levels to 5.8 μg/m3 could reduce the age-standardized rate of urological cancer by 1.5 ~ 27/100,000 across the 15 countries with the highest PM2.5 level from the top 30 countries with the highest urological cancer burden. Implementing global health policies that can improve air quality could potentially reduce the risk of urologic cancer and alleviate its burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhui Li
- Department of Urology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Zhengyi Deng
- Department of Urology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Simon John Christoph Soerensen
- Department of Urology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Linda Kachuri
- Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Andres Cardenas
- Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Rebecca E Graff
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - John T Leppert
- Department of Urology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA, USA
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Division of Urology, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Marvin E Langston
- Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Benjamin I Chung
- Department of Urology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA, USA
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Frigo DE. Diet and Tumor Genetics Conspire to Promote Prostate Cancer Metabolism and Shape the Tumor Microenvironment. Cancer Res 2024; 84:1742-1744. [PMID: 38831750 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-24-0302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Obesity has been linked to prostate cancer in a stage-dependent manner, having no association with cancer initiation but correlating with disease progression in men with prostate cancer. Given the rising obesity rate and its association to aggressive prostate cancer, there is a growing need to understand the mechanisms underlying this relationship to identify patients at increased risk of lethal disease and inform therapeutic approaches. In this issue of Cancer Research, Boufaied and colleagues describe how diets high in saturated fatty acids promote MYC-driven prostate cancer. Leveraging MYC-expressing genetically engineered and allograft mouse models fed either a control low-fat or high-fat diet (HFD) enriched in saturated fatty acids, the authors found using digital pathology that HFD-fed mice exhibited increased tumor invasion. Metabolomics, transcriptomics, immunoblotting, and positron emission tomography of tumors from these mice demonstrated that a HFD promoted a metabolic shift in the tumors towards glycolysis. These preclinical data were supported by findings from two large clinical cohorts revealing that men diagnosed with prostate cancer and who consumed high levels of saturated fatty acids possessed tumors bearing glycolytic signatures. Deconvolution analyses and immunohistochemistry validation showed that these tumors also displayed increased angiogenesis and infiltration of immunosuppressive macrophages and regulatory T cells, the latter of which was also correlated with high saturated fat intake-associated glycolytic signatures in patient tumors. Together, these findings suggest that diets rich in saturated fatty acids, rather than obesity alone, accelerate MYC-driven prostate cancers through shifting tumor metabolism and shaping the tumor microenvironment. See related article by Boufaied et al., p. 1834.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel E Frigo
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, University of Houston, Houston, Texas
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas
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20
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He H, Liang L, Tian T, Zhang X, Lyu J. Effect of smoking on prostate cancer: Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003-2018 and Mendelian randomization analyses. Tob Induc Dis 2024; 22:TID-22-100. [PMID: 38835514 PMCID: PMC11149497 DOI: 10.18332/tid/189199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The controversial relationship between smoking and prostate cancer (PCa) risk prompted us to conduct a cross-sectional study using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database and apply Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses in order to clarify the possible causal effect of smoking on PCa risk. METHODS Using univariate and multivariate logistic regression methods, a secondary analysis of the pooled 2003-2018 NHANES dataset was performed to explore the association between smoking and PCa risk. Propensity-score matching was used to reduce selection bias. Then, we conducted subsequent MR analysis study to investigate the potential causal effect of smoking on PCa risk, with genetic variants of four exposure factors including the lifetime smoking index, light smoking, smoking initiation, and the amount of smoking per day obtained from genome-wide association studies, and PCa summary statistics obtained from three database populations. Inverse-variance weighting was the primary analytical method, and weighted median and MR-Egger regression were used for sensitivity analyses. The MR results for the three PCa databases were combined using meta-analysis. RESULTS The study included 16073 NHANES subjects, comprising 554 with PCa and 15519 without PCa. Logistic regression before and after matching did not reveal any significant association. Meta-analysis of the MR results also did not support an association of PCa risk with lifetime smoking index (OR=0.95; 95% CI: 0.83-1.09), light smoking (OR=1.00; 95% CI: 0.95-1.06), smoking initiation (OR=0.99, 95% CI=0.99-1.00), or the amount of smoking per day (OR=1.00; 95% CI: 0.99-1.00) and PCa risk. CONCLUSIONS There was no evidence for an association between smoking and the risk of PCa. Further studies are needed to determine if there are any associations of other forms of smoking with the risk of PCa at different stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hairong He
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Liang Liang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tao Tian
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jun Lyu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Clinical Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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21
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Iyer HS, Stone BV, Roscoe C, Hsieh MC, Stroup AM, Wiggins CL, Schumacher FR, Gomez SL, Rebbeck TR, Trinh QD. Access to Prostate-Specific Antigen Testing and Mortality Among Men With Prostate Cancer. JAMA Netw Open 2024; 7:e2414582. [PMID: 38833252 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.14582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Importance Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening for prostate cancer is controversial but may be associated with benefit for certain high-risk groups. Objectives To evaluate associations of county-level PSA screening prevalence with prostate cancer outcomes, as well as variation by sociodemographic and clinical factors. Design, Setting, and Participants This cohort study used data from cancer registries based in 8 US states on Hispanic, non-Hispanic Black, and non-Hispanic White men aged 40 to 99 years who received a diagnosis of prostate cancer between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2015. Participants were followed up until death or censored after 10 years or December 31, 2018, whichever end point came first. Data were analyzed between September 2023 and January 2024. Exposure County-level PSA screening prevalence was estimated using the Behavior Risk Factor Surveillance System survey data from 2004, 2006, 2008, 2010, and 2012 and weighted by population characteristics. Main Outcomes and Measures Multivariable logistic, Cox proportional hazards regression, and competing risks models were fit to estimate adjusted odds ratios (AOR) and adjusted hazard ratios (AHR) for associations of county-level PSA screening prevalence at diagnosis with advanced stage (regional or distant), as well as all-cause and prostate cancer-specific survival. Results Of 814 987 men with prostate cancer, the mean (SD) age was 67.3 (9.8) years, 7.8% were Hispanic, 12.2% were non-Hispanic Black, and 80.0% were non-Hispanic White; 17.0% had advanced disease. There were 247 570 deaths over 5 716 703 person-years of follow-up. Men in the highest compared with lowest quintile of county-level PSA screening prevalence at diagnosis had lower odds of advanced vs localized stage (AOR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.85-0.88), lower all-cause mortality (AHR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.85-0.87), and lower prostate cancer-specific mortality (AHR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.81-0.85). Inverse associations between PSA screening prevalence and advanced cancer were strongest among men of Hispanic ethnicity vs other ethnicities (AOR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.78-0.87), older vs younger men (aged ≥70 years: AOR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.75-0.79), and those in the Northeast vs other US Census regions (AOR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.79-0.84). Inverse associations with all-cause mortality were strongest among men of Hispanic ethnicity vs other ethnicities (AHR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.78-0.85), younger vs older men (AHR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.77-0.85), those with advanced vs localized disease (AHR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.78-0.82), and those in the West vs other US Census regions (AHR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.87-0.90). Conclusions and Relevance This population-based cohort study of men with prostate cancer suggests that higher county-level prevalence of PSA screening was associated with lower odds of advanced disease, all-cause mortality, and prostate cancer-specific mortality. Associations varied by age, race and ethnicity, and US Census region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hari S Iyer
- Section of Cancer Epidemiology and Health Outcomes, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick
| | - Benjamin V Stone
- Department of Urology and Center for Surgery and Public Health, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Urology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
| | - Charlotte Roscoe
- Division of Population Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mei-Chin Hsieh
- Louisiana Tumor Registry and Epidemiology Program, School of Public Health at Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans
| | - Antoinette M Stroup
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, New Jersey
- New Jersey State Cancer Registry, Trenton
| | - Charles L Wiggins
- New Mexico Tumor Registry, University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center, Albuquerque
| | - Fredrick R Schumacher
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
- Population and Cancer Prevention Program, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Scarlett L Gomez
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Timothy R Rebbeck
- Division of Population Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Quoc-Dien Trinh
- Department of Urology and Center for Surgery and Public Health, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
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22
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Ku HC, Cheng E, Cheng CF. A body shape index (ABSI) but not body mass index (BMI) is associated with prostate cancer-specific mortality: Evidence from the US NHANES database. Prostate 2024; 84:797-806. [PMID: 38558412 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer (PCa) is a common malignancy in males and obesity may play a role in its development and progression. Associations between visceral obesity measured by a body shape index (ABSI) and PCa mortality have not been thoroughly investigated. This study assessed the associations between ABSI, body mass index (BMI), and long-term PCa-specific mortality using a nationally representative US database. METHODS This population-based longitudinal study collected data of males aged ≥40 years diagnosed with PCa and who underwent surgery and/or radiation from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database 2001-2010. All included participants were followed through the end of 2019 using the National Center for Health Statistics Linked Mortality File. Associations between PCa-specific mortality, BMI, and ABSI were determined using Cox proportional hazards regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. RESULTS Data of 294 men (representing 1,393,857 US nationals) were analyzed. After adjusting for confounders, no significant associations were found between BMI (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 1.06, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.97-1.16, p = 0.222), continuous ABSI (aHR = 1.29, 95% CI: 0.83-2.02, p = 0.253), or ABSI in category (Q4 vs. Q1-Q3: aHR = 1.52, 95% CI: 0.72-3.24, p = 0.265), and greater risk of PCa-specific mortality. However, among participants who had been diagnosed within 4 years, the highest ABSI quartile but not in BMI was significantly associated with greater risk for PCa-specific mortality (Q4 vs. Q1-Q3: aHR = 5.34, 95% CI: 2.26-12.62, p = 0.001). In ROC analysis for this subgroup, the area under the curve of ABSI alone for predicting PCa-specific mortality was 0.638 (95% CI: 0.448-0.828), reaching 0.729 (95% CI: 0.490-0.968 when combined with other covariates. CONCLUSIONS In US males with PCa diagnosed within 4 years, high ABSI but not BMI is independently associated with increased PCa-specific mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Chen Ku
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Evelyn Cheng
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ching-Feng Cheng
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
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23
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Yao W, Wu J, Kong Y, Xu F, Zhou Y, Sun Q, Gao Q, Cai Z, Yang C, Huang Y. Associations of systemic immune-inflammation index with high risk for prostate cancer in middle-aged and older US males: A population-based study. Immun Inflamm Dis 2024; 12:e1327. [PMID: 38923408 PMCID: PMC11194977 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.1327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) provides convincing evaluation of systemic immune and inflammatory condition in human body. Its correlation with prostate cancer (PCa) risk remains uncharted. The principal objective of this investigation was to elucidate the association between SII and the risk for PCa in middle-aged and elderly males. MATERIALS AND METHODS Analysis entailed multivariate linear and logistic regression, generalized additive model, and smoothing curve fitting using resource from 2007 to 2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). To ascertain robustness and consistency of this association across different demographic strata, we conducted rigorous subgroup analyses and interaction tests. RESULTS Among 3359 participants, those with elevated SII displayed higher total prostate-specific antigen (tPSA) levels, higher risk for PCa, and lower free/total PSA (f/t PSA) ratio. Specifically, each unit increase of log2 (SII) was associated with a 0.22 ng/mL increase in tPSA (β: 0.22, 95% confidence intervals [CI] 0.05-0.38), a 2.22% decline in f/t PSA ratio (β: -2.22, 95% CI -3.20 to -1.23), and a 52% increased odds of being at high risk for PCa (odds ratio [OR]: 1.52, 95% CI 1.13-2.04). People in the top quartile of log2 (SII) exhibited 0.55 ng/mL increased tPSA (β: 0.55, 95% CI 0.19-0.90), 4.39% reduced f/t PSA ratio (β: -4.39, 95% CI -6.50 to -2.27), and 168% increased odds of being at high risk for PCa (OR: 2.68, 95% CI 1.32-5.46) compared to those in the bottom quartile. CONCLUSION Systemic immune and inflammatory condition, as represented by SII, is independently and positively associated with tPSA levels and the risk for PCa, as well as independently and negatively associated with f/t PSA ratio among middle-aged and older US males. These findings may enhance the effectiveness of PCa screening in predicting positive biopsy results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Yao
- Department of UrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversityChina
- Department of UrologySuzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineChina
| | - Jiacheng Wu
- Department of UrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversityChina
- Department of UrologyAffiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University & Nantong Tumor HospitalChina
| | - Ying Kong
- Department of UrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversityChina
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of UrologySuzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineChina
| | - Yinyi Zhou
- Department of UrologySuzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineChina
| | - Qing Sun
- Department of UrologySuzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineChina
| | - Qingqing Gao
- Department of Preventive MedicineSuzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineChina
| | - Zhenyu Cai
- Department of UrologySuzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineChina
| | - Chendi Yang
- Department of UrologySuzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineChina
| | - Yuhua Huang
- Department of UrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversityChina
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Kim IE, Wang AH, Corpuz GS, Sprenkle PC, Leapman MS, Brito JM, Renzulli J, Kim IY. Association between pelvic lymph node dissection and survival among patients with prostate cancer treated with radical prostatectomy. Prostate Int 2024; 12:70-78. [PMID: 39036758 PMCID: PMC11255894 DOI: 10.1016/j.prnil.2024.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Although the clinical benefits of pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) at the time of radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer remain uncertain, major guidelines recommend PLND based on risk profile. Thus, the objective of this study was to examine the association between PLND and survival among patients undergoing RP stratified by Gleason grade group (GG) with the aim of allowing patients and physicians to make more informed care decisions about the potential risks and benefits of PLND. Materials and methods From the SEER-17 database, we examined overall (OS) and prostate cancer-specific (PCSS) survival of prostate cancer patients who underwent RP from 2010 to 2015 stratified by GG. We applied propensity score matching to balance pre-operative characteristics including race, age, PSA, household income, and housing status (urban/rural) between patients who did and did not undergo PLND for each GG. Statistical analyses included log-rank test and Kaplan-Meier curves. Results We extracted a matched cohort from 80,287 patients with GG1-5 who underwent RP. The median PSA value was 6.0 ng/mL, and the median age was 62-years-old. 49,453 patients underwent PLND (61.60%), while 30,834 (38.40%) did not. There was no difference in OS and PCSS between patients who received PLND and those who did not for all Gleason GG (OS-GG1: P = 0.20, GG2: P = 0.34, GG3: P > 0.05, GG4: P = 0.55, GG5: P = 0.47; PCSS-GG1: P = 0.11, GG2: P = 0.96, GG3: P = 0.81, GG4: P = 0.22, GG5: P = 0.14). Conclusions In this observational study, PLND at the time of RP was not associated with improved OS or PCSS among patients with cGS of 3 + 3, 3 + 4, 4 + 3, 4 + 4, 4 + 5, and 5 + 4. These findings suggest that until definitive clinical trials are completed, prostate cancer patients who have elected RP should be appropriately counseled on the potential risks and lack of proven survival benefit of PLND.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac E. Kim
- Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Aaron H. Wang
- Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | | | - Preston C. Sprenkle
- Department of Urology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Michael S. Leapman
- Department of Urology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Joseph M. Brito
- Department of Urology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Joseph Renzulli
- Department of Urology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Isaac Yi Kim
- Department of Urology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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Álvarez-González B, Hernández AF, Zafra-Gómez A, Chica-Redecillas L, Cuenca-López S, Vázquez-Alonso F, Martínez-González LJ, Álvarez-Cubero MJ. Exposure to environmental pollutants and genetic variants related to oxidative stress and xenobiotic metabolism-Association with prostate cancer. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 108:104455. [PMID: 38657881 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2024.104455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
This study assessed whether genetic variants coding for certain enzymes involved in xenobiotic detoxification, antioxidant defences and DNA repair, along with exposure to environmental chemicals, were associated with an increased prostate cancer (PCa) risk. The study population consisted of 300 men (150 PCa cases and 150 controls) which underwent prostate biopsy as their serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels were greater than 4 ng/ml. Genetic variants in GSTM1, GSTP1, SOD2, CAT, GPX1, XRCC1 were determined and data for chemical exposures was obtained through a structured questionnaire and by biomonitoring in a subsample of cases and controls. High serum PSA levels were associated with a greater risk of PCa, while physical exercise appears to exert a protective effect against its development. In addition, elevated urinary levels of certain organic pollutants, such as benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), bisphenol A (BPA), and ethyl-paraben (EPB), were associated with an increased risk of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Álvarez-González
- University of Granada, Legal Medicine and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Health Sciences Technology Park (PTS), Granada, Spain; GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research: Pfizer, University of Granada, Andalusian Regional Government, Health Sciences Technology Park (PTS), Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Antonio F Hernández
- University of Granada, Legal Medicine and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Health Sciences Technology Park (PTS), Granada, Spain; Biosanitary Research Institute, ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain.
| | - Alberto Zafra-Gómez
- Biosanitary Research Institute, ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain; University of Granada, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Campus of Fuentenueva, Granada 18071, Spain
| | - Lucia Chica-Redecillas
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research: Pfizer, University of Granada, Andalusian Regional Government, Health Sciences Technology Park (PTS), Granada, Granada, Spain; University of Granada, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology III and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Health Sciences Technology Park (PTS), Granada, Spain
| | - Sergio Cuenca-López
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research: Pfizer, University of Granada, Andalusian Regional Government, Health Sciences Technology Park (PTS), Granada, Granada, Spain; University of Granada, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology III and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Health Sciences Technology Park (PTS), Granada, Spain
| | - Fernando Vázquez-Alonso
- Urology Department, University Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Av. de las Fuerzas Armadas 2, Granada, Spain
| | - Luis Javier Martínez-González
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research: Pfizer, University of Granada, Andalusian Regional Government, Health Sciences Technology Park (PTS), Granada, Granada, Spain; University of Granada, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology III and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Health Sciences Technology Park (PTS), Granada, Spain
| | - María Jesús Álvarez-Cubero
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research: Pfizer, University of Granada, Andalusian Regional Government, Health Sciences Technology Park (PTS), Granada, Granada, Spain; Biosanitary Research Institute, ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain; University of Granada, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology III and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Health Sciences Technology Park (PTS), Granada, Spain
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26
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Shore ND, Moul JW, Pienta KJ, Czernin J, King MT, Freedland SJ. Biochemical recurrence in patients with prostate cancer after primary definitive therapy: treatment based on risk stratification. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2024; 27:192-201. [PMID: 37679602 PMCID: PMC11096125 DOI: 10.1038/s41391-023-00712-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nearly one-third of patients with prostate cancer (PCa) experience biochemical recurrence (BCR) after primary definitive treatment. BCR increases the risk of distant metastasis and mortality in patients with prognostically unfavorable features. These patients are best managed with a tailored treatment strategy incorporating risk stratification using clinicopathological factors, next-generation imaging, and genomic testing. OBJECTIVE This narrative review examines the utility of risk stratification for the management of patients with BCR in the context of clinical trial data, referencing the latest recommendations by European and US medical societies. METHODS PubMed was searched for relevant studies published through May 21 2023 on treatment of patients with BCR after radical prostatectomy (RP) or external beam radiotherapy (EBRT). RESULTS European and US guidelines support the risk-stratified management of BCR. Post-RP, salvage EBRT (with or without androgen deprivation therapy [ADT]) is an accepted treatment option for patients with BCR. Post-EBRT, local salvage therapies (RP, cryotherapy, high-intensity focused ultrasound, stereotactic body radiotherapy, and low-dose-rate and high-dose-rate brachytherapy) have demonstrated comparable relapse-free survival rates but differing adverse event profiles, short and long term. Local salvage therapies should be used for local-only relapses while ADT should be considered for regional or distant relapses. In practice, patients often receive ADT, with varying guidance for intermittent ADT vs. continuous ADT, due to consideration of quality-of-life effects. CONCLUSIONS Despite a lack of consensus for BCR treatment among guideline associations and medical societies, risk stratification of patients is essential for personalized treatment approaches, as it allows for an informed selection of therapeutic strategies and estimation of adverse events. In lower-risk disease, observation is recommended while in higher-risk disease, after failed repeat local therapy, ADT and/or clinical trial enrollment may be appropriate. Results from ongoing clinical studies of patients with BCR should provide consensus for management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neal D Shore
- Carolina Urologic Research Center, Myrtle Beach, SC, USA
| | - Judd W Moul
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Johannes Czernin
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Martin T King
- Brigham and Women's Hospital and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stephen J Freedland
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
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27
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Yang L, Ruan Y, Chen B, Zhu Y, Xu H. Circ_0001671 regulates prostate cancer progression through miR-27b-3p/BLM axis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12181. [PMID: 38806577 PMCID: PMC11133351 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63068-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) ranks as the second most prevalent cancer among males globally. However, the exact mechanisms underlying its progression remain inadequately elucidated. The present study sought to investigate the role and underlying molecular mechanism of hsa_circ_0001671 (circ_0001671) in the pathogenic behavior of PCa cells. Guided by the ceRNA theory, miR-27b-3p was employed to identify circRNAs that could potentially regulate Bloom Syndrome Protein (BLM). A series of experimental approaches including bioinformatics, luciferase assays, Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization (FISH), RNA-pulldown, and RNA Immunoprecipitation (RIP) were utilized to validate the miRNA sponge function of circ_0001671. Divergent primer PCR, RNase R treatments, and Sanger sequencing were conducted for the identification of circ_0001671. Quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot analyses were performed to validate gene expression levels. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments were conducted to assess the functional role of circ_0001671 in PCa cells.It was observed that the expression levels of circ_0001671 and BLM were significantly elevated in PCa tissues and cell lines, whereas miR-27b-3p showed decreased expression. Circ_0001671 was found to promote cellular proliferation, migration, and invasion, while inhibiting apoptosis. In vivo assays confirmed that circ_0001671 facilitated tumor growth. Further mechanistic studies revealed that circ_0001671 acted as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) for BLM by sponging miR-27b-3p. The oncogenic role of circ_0001671 in PCa was shown to be modulated through the miR-27b-3p/BLM axis. In conclusion, circ_0001671 exerts an oncogenic effect in prostate cancer through the regulation of BLM by sponging miR-27b-3p, thus suggesting a novel molecular target for the treatment of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Yong Ruan
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Bin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Yuhang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Houqiang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
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Sheng Y, Chang H, Xue K, Chen J, Jiao T, Cui D, Wang H, Zhang G, Yang Y, Zeng Q. Characterization of prostatic cancer lesion and gleason grade using a continuous-time random-walk diffusion model at high b-values. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1389250. [PMID: 38854720 PMCID: PMC11157027 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1389250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Distinguishing between prostatic cancer (PCa) and chronic prostatitis (CP) is sometimes challenging, and Gleason grading is strongly associated with prognosis in PCa. The continuous-time random-walk diffusion (CTRW) model has shown potential in distinguishing between PCa and CP as well as predicting Gleason grading. Purpose This study aimed to quantify the CTRW parameters (α, β & Dm) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of PCa and CP tissues; and then assess the diagnostic value of CTRW and ADC parameters in differentiating CP from PCa and low-grade PCa from high-grade PCa lesions. Study type Retrospective (retrospective analysis using prospective designed data). Population Thirty-one PCa patients undergoing prostatectomy (mean age 74 years, range 64-91 years), and thirty CP patients undergoing prostate needle biopsies (mean age 68 years, range 46-79 years). Field strength/Sequence MRI scans on a 3.0T scanner (uMR790, United Imaging Healthcare, Shanghai, China). DWI were acquired with 12 b-values (0, 50, 100, 150, 200, 500, 800, 1200, 1500, 2000, 2500, 3000 s/mm2). Assessment CTRW parameters and ADC were quantified in PCa and CP lesions. Statistical tests The Mann-Whitney U test was used to evaluate the differences in CTRW parameters and ADC between PCa and CP, high-grade PCa, and low-grade PCa. Spearman's correlation of the pathologic grading group (GG) with CTRW parameters and ADC was evaluated. The usefulness of CTRW parameters, ADC, and their combinations (Dm, α and β; Dm, α, β, and ADC) to differentiate PCa from CP and high-grade PCa from low-grade PCa was determined by logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis. Delong test was used to compare the differences among AUCs. Results Significant differences were found for the CTRW parameters (α, Dm) between CP and PCa (all P<0.001), high-grade PCa, and low-grade PCa (α:P=0.024, Dm:P=0.021). GG is correlated with certain CTRW parameters and ADC(α:P<0.001,r=-0.795; Dm:P<0.001,r=-0.762;ADC:P<0.001,r=-0.790). Moreover, CTRW parameters (α, β, Dm) combined with ADC showed the best diagnostic efficacy for distinguishing between PCa and CP as well as predicting Gleason grading. The differences among AUCs of ADC, CTRW parameters and their combinations were not statistically significant (P=0.051-0.526). Conclusion CTRW parameters α and Dm, as well as their combination were beneficial to distinguish between CA and PCa, low-grade PCa and high-grade PCa lesions, and CTRW parameters and ADC had comparable diagnostic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurui Sheng
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Huan Chang
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ke Xue
- Magnenic Resonance (MR) Collaboration, United Imaging Research Institute of Intelligent Imaging, Beijing, China
| | - Jinming Chen
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Tianyu Jiao
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Public Health Clinical Center, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Dongqing Cui
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Guanghui Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yuxin Yang
- Magnenic Resonance (MR) Collaboration, United Imaging Research Institute of Intelligent Imaging, Beijing, China
| | - Qingshi Zeng
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Al-Daffaie FM, Al-Mudhafar SF, Alhomsi A, Tarazi H, Almehdi AM, El-Huneidi W, Abu-Gharbieh E, Bustanji Y, Alqudah MAY, Abuhelwa AY, Guella A, Alzoubi KH, Semreen MH. Metabolomics and Proteomics in Prostate Cancer Research: Overview, Analytical Techniques, Data Analysis, and Recent Clinical Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5071. [PMID: 38791108 PMCID: PMC11120916 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is a significant global contributor to mortality, predominantly affecting males aged 65 and above. The field of omics has recently gained traction due to its capacity to provide profound insights into the biochemical mechanisms underlying conditions like prostate cancer. This involves the identification and quantification of low-molecular-weight metabolites and proteins acting as crucial biochemical signals for early detection, therapy assessment, and target identification. A spectrum of analytical methods is employed to discern and measure these molecules, revealing their altered biological pathways within diseased contexts. Metabolomics and proteomics generate refined data subjected to detailed statistical analysis through sophisticated software, yielding substantive insights. This review aims to underscore the major contributions of multi-omics to PCa research, covering its core principles, its role in tumor biology characterization, biomarker discovery, prognostic studies, various analytical technologies such as mass spectrometry and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, data processing, and recent clinical applications made possible by an integrative "omics" approach. This approach seeks to address the challenges associated with current PCa treatments. Hence, our research endeavors to demonstrate the valuable applications of these potent tools in investigations, offering significant potential for understanding the complex biochemical environment of prostate cancer and advancing tailored therapeutic approaches for further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima M. Al-Daffaie
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (F.M.A.-D.); (S.F.A.-M.); (A.A.); (H.T.); (A.M.A.)
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (W.E.-H.); (E.A.-G.); (A.Y.A.); (K.H.A.)
| | - Sara F. Al-Mudhafar
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (F.M.A.-D.); (S.F.A.-M.); (A.A.); (H.T.); (A.M.A.)
| | - Aya Alhomsi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (F.M.A.-D.); (S.F.A.-M.); (A.A.); (H.T.); (A.M.A.)
| | - Hamadeh Tarazi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (F.M.A.-D.); (S.F.A.-M.); (A.A.); (H.T.); (A.M.A.)
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (W.E.-H.); (E.A.-G.); (A.Y.A.); (K.H.A.)
| | - Ahmed M. Almehdi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (F.M.A.-D.); (S.F.A.-M.); (A.A.); (H.T.); (A.M.A.)
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (W.E.-H.); (E.A.-G.); (A.Y.A.); (K.H.A.)
| | - Waseem El-Huneidi
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (W.E.-H.); (E.A.-G.); (A.Y.A.); (K.H.A.)
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Eman Abu-Gharbieh
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (W.E.-H.); (E.A.-G.); (A.Y.A.); (K.H.A.)
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Yasser Bustanji
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates;
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Mohammad A. Y. Alqudah
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates;
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Ahmad Y. Abuhelwa
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (W.E.-H.); (E.A.-G.); (A.Y.A.); (K.H.A.)
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Adnane Guella
- Nephrology Department, University Hospital Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Karem H. Alzoubi
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (W.E.-H.); (E.A.-G.); (A.Y.A.); (K.H.A.)
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Mohammad H. Semreen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (F.M.A.-D.); (S.F.A.-M.); (A.A.); (H.T.); (A.M.A.)
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (W.E.-H.); (E.A.-G.); (A.Y.A.); (K.H.A.)
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Zeng Q, Liu J, Wu Q, Song R, Miao W, Ma Y, Yang H. Long Non-Coding RNA AC008972.1 as a Novel Therapeutic Target for Prostate Cancer. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2024; 39:291-305. [PMID: 36094409 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2022.0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Prostate cancer is a common male malignancy and the leading cause of cancer death in men. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), microRNA (miRNAs) and mRNAs networks mediate prostate cancer progression. Herein, we investigated the functions of lncRNA AC008972.1 and its regulatory mechanism in prostate cancer. Materials and Methods: The expression levels of lncRNA AC008972.1, miR-143-3p, and TAOK2 were detected in prostate cancer tissues and cell lines by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. PC3 and LNCaP cells were used to establish lncRNA AC008972.1-knockdown, miR-143-3p-overexpressing, and thousand-and-one-amino acid 2 kinase (TAOK2)-downregulated cells. Cell viability was examined by MTT assays and cell proliferation was detected by clone formation assay. Cell migration and invasion were detected by wound scratch assay and transwell chamber assay. The apoptosis rate was analyzed by flow cytometry. The protein expression was detected by Western blot assay. The RNA interaction was explored and validated by RNA binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay and dual luciferase activity assay. A mouse xenograft model was established to investigate the effect of lncRNA AC008972.1 on prostate cancer progression. Results: High expression of lncRNA AC008972.1 was associated with low overall survival in prostate cancer patients. Downregulation of lncRNA AC008972.1 suppressed prostate cancer progression by inhibiting cell viability, proliferation, migration, and invasion, in addition to the EMT process, whereas cell apoptosis was significantly promoted. LncRNA AC008972.1 bound with miR-143-3p and negatively regulated miR-143-3p expression. MiR-143-3p overexpression suppressed prostate cancer malignant behaviors in vitro. TAOK2 expression was decreased by miR-143-3p through the complementary targeting of TAOK2 mRNA. Downregulation of lncRNA AC008972.1 mitigated prostate cancer malignant behaviors in vitro based on miR-143-3p/TAOK2 node. Furthermore, the data of xenograft model experiment showed that inhibition of lncRNA AC008972.1 suppressed tumor growth in vivo. Conclusions: Knockdown of lncRNA AC008972.1 inhibits prostate cancer cell growth via downregulation of TAOK2 induced by miR-143-3p. LncRNA AC008972.1 acts as an oncogene in the progression of prostate cancer and may provide a novel therapeutic target for prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqi Zeng
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Health Vocational College, Nanjing, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Health Vocational College, Nanjing, China
| | - Qijin Wu
- Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruiyu Song
- Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wen Miao
- Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuting Ma
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Jiangsu Health Vocational College, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongbao Yang
- Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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Cheng Y, Wu L, Xin J, Ben S, Chen S, Li H, Zhao L, Wang M, Cheng G, Du M. An early-onset specific polygenic risk score optimizes age-based risk estimate and stratification of prostate cancer: population-based cohort study. J Transl Med 2024; 22:366. [PMID: 38632662 PMCID: PMC11025178 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05190-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early-onset prostate cancer (EOPC, ≤ 55 years) has a unique clinical entity harboring high genetic risk, but the majority of EOPC patients still substantial opportunity to be early-detected thus suffering an unfavorable prognosis. A refined understanding of age-based polygenic risk score (PRS) for prostate cancer (PCa) would be essential for personalized risk stratification. METHODS We included 167,517 male participants [4882 cases including 205 EOPC and 4677 late-onset PCa (LOPC)] from UK Biobank. A General-, an EOPC- and an LOPC-PRS were derived from age-specific genome-wide association studies. Weighted Cox proportional hazard models were applied to estimate the risk of PCa associated with PRSs. The discriminatory capability of PRSs were validated using time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves with additional 4238 males from PLCO and TCGA. Phenome-wide association studies underlying Mendelian Randomization were conducted to discover EOPC linking phenotypes. RESULTS The 269-PRS calculated via well-established risk variants was more strongly associated with risk of EOPC [hazard ratio (HR) = 2.35, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.99-2.78] than LOPC (HR = 1.95, 95% CI 1.89-2.01; I2 = 79%). EOPC-PRS was dramatically related to EOPC risk (HR = 4.70, 95% CI 3.98-5.54) but not to LOPC (HR = 0.98, 95% CI 0.96-1.01), while LOPC-PRS had similar risk estimates for EOPC and LOPC (I2 = 0%). Particularly, EOPC-PRS performed optimal discriminatory capability for EOPC (area under the ROC = 0.613). Among the phenomic factors to PCa deposited in the platform of ProAP (Prostate cancer Age-based PheWAS; https://mulongdu.shinyapps.io/proap ), EOPC was preferentially associated with PCa family history while LOPC was prone to environmental and lifestyles exposures. CONCLUSIONS This study comprehensively profiled the distinct genetic and phenotypic architecture of EOPC. The EOPC-PRS may optimize risk estimate of PCa in young males, particularly those without family history, thus providing guidance for precision population stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Cheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Department of Environmental Genomics, School of Public Health, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Department of Genetic Toxicology, School of Public Health, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lang Wu
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Population Sciences in the Pacific Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Junyi Xin
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuai Ben
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Department of Environmental Genomics, School of Public Health, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Department of Genetic Toxicology, School of Public Health, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Silu Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Department of Environmental Genomics, School of Public Health, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Department of Genetic Toxicology, School of Public Health, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huiqin Li
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lingyan Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Department of Environmental Genomics, School of Public Health, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Department of Genetic Toxicology, School of Public Health, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Meilin Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Department of Environmental Genomics, School of Public Health, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Department of Genetic Toxicology, School of Public Health, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Gusu School, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Gong Cheng
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Province People's Hospital, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Mulong Du
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, 655 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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Sidahmed E, Freedland SJ, Wang M, Wu K, Albanes D, Barnett M, van den Brandt PA, Cook MB, Giles GG, Giovannucci E, Haiman CA, Larsson SC, Key TJ, Loftfield E, Männistö S, McCullough ML, Milne RL, Neuhouser ML, Platz EA, Perez-Cornago A, Sawada N, Schenk JM, Sinha R, Tsugane S, Visvanathan K, Wang Y, White KK, Willett WC, Wolk A, Ziegler RG, Genkinger JM, Smith-Warner SA. Dietary Fiber Intake and Risk of Advanced and Aggressive Forms of Prostate Cancer: A Pooled Analysis of 15 Prospective Cohort Studies. J Acad Nutr Diet 2024:S2212-2672(24)00163-1. [PMID: 38636793 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2024.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence of an association between dietary fiber intake and risk of advanced and aggressive forms of prostate cancer (PC) and PC mortality is limited. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine associations between intakes of dietary fiber overall and by food source and risk of advanced and aggressive forms of PC. DESIGN The study design was a pooled analysis of the primary data from 15 cohorts in 3 continents. Baseline dietary fiber intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire or diet history in each study. PARTICIPANTS/SETTING There were 842 149 men followed for up to 9 to 22 years between 1985 and 2009 across studies. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome measures were advanced (stage T4, N1, or M1 or PC mortality), advanced restricted (excluded men with missing stage and those with localized PC who died of PC), and high-grade PC (Gleason score ≥8 or poorly differentiated/undifferentiated) and PC mortality. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS PERFORMED Study-specific multivariable hazard ratios (MVHR) were calculated using Cox proportional hazards regression and pooled using random effects models. RESULTS Intake of dietary fiber overall, from fruits, and from vegetables was not associated with risk of advanced (n = 4863), advanced restricted (n = 2978), or high-grade PC (n = 9673) or PC mortality (n = 3097). Dietary fiber intake from grains was inversely associated with advanced PC (comparing the highest vs lowest quintile, MVHR 0.84; 95% CI 0.76-0.93), advanced restricted PC (MVHR 0.85; 95% CI 0.74-0.97), and PC mortality (MVHR 0.78; 95% CI 0.68-0.89); statistically significant trends were noted for each of these associations (P ≤ .03), and a null association was observed for high-grade PC for the same comparison (MVHR 1.00; 95% CI 0.93-1.07). The comparable results were 1.06 (95% CI 1.01-1.10; P value, test for trend = .002) for localized PC (n = 35,199) and 1.05 (95% CI 0.99-1.11; P value, test for trend = .04) for low/intermediate grade PC (n = 34 366). CONCLUSIONS Weak nonsignificant associations were observed between total dietary fiber intake and risk of advanced forms of PC, high-grade PC, and PC mortality. High dietary fiber intake from grains was associated with a modestly lower risk of advanced forms of PC and PC mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elkhansa Sidahmed
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Stephen J Freedland
- Department of Urology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California; Urology Section, Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Molin Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kana Wu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts (at time work completed); Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Boston, Massachusetts (current)
| | - Demetrius Albanes
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Matt Barnett
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Piet A van den Brandt
- Department of Epidemiology, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Michael B Cook
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Graham G Giles
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Edward Giovannucci
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Christopher A Haiman
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine and Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Susanna C Larsson
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Timothy J Key
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Erikka Loftfield
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Satu Männistö
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Roger L Milne
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Marian L Neuhouser
- Cancer Prevention Program, Division of Public Health Sciences Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Elizabeth A Platz
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | - Norie Sawada
- Division of Cohort Research, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jeannette M Schenk
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Rashmi Sinha
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Shoichiro Tsugane
- Division of Cohort Research, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kala Visvanathan
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Population Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Kami K White
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Walter C Willett
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Alicja Wolk
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Regina G Ziegler
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jeanine M Genkinger
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Stephanie A Smith-Warner
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.
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Palshof FK, Mørch LS, Køster B, Engholm G, Storm HH, Andersson TML, Kroman N. Non-preventable cases of breast, prostate, lung, and colorectal cancer in 2050 in an elimination scenario of modifiable risk factors. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8577. [PMID: 38615059 PMCID: PMC11016117 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59314-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Most Western countries have increasing number of new cancer cases per year. Cancer incidence is primarily influenced by basically avoidable risk factors and an aging population. Through hypothetical elimination scenarios of multiple major risk factors for cancer, we estimated the number of new cancer cases that are non-preventable in 2050. We compare numbers of new postmenopausal breast, prostate, lung, and colorectal cancer cases in 2021 to projected numbers of new cases in 2050 under prevention scenarios regarding smoking, overweight and obesity, and alcohol consumption: no intervention, 50%, and 100% instant reduction. Cancer incidence data were derived from NORDCAN, and risk factor prevalence data from the Danish National Health Survey. Cancer projections were calculated with the Prevent program. Hypothetical 100% instant elimination of major risk factors for cancer in Denmark in 2022 will result in unchanged numbers of new breast and colorectal cancers in 2050. The number of new prostate cancers will increase by 25% compared to 2021. Unchanged risk factor levels will result in noticeable increase in cancer burden. Increase in life expectancy and age will entail an increase in cancer incidence, despite maximum effect of preventive actions in the population. Our results are important when planning future health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederik Knude Palshof
- Danish Cancer Institute, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Department of Breast Surgery, Gentofte Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark.
| | | | - Brian Køster
- Danish Cancer Institute, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gerda Engholm
- Danish Cancer Institute, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Therese M-L Andersson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Niels Kroman
- Danish Cancer Institute, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Breast Surgery, Gentofte Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark
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Ali Hussein M, Kamalakkannan A, Valinezhad K, Kannan J, Paleati N, Saad R, Kajdacsy-Balla A, Munirathinam G. The dynamic face of cadmium-induced Carcinogenesis: Mechanisms, emerging trends, and future directions. Curr Res Toxicol 2024; 6:100166. [PMID: 38706786 PMCID: PMC11068539 DOI: 10.1016/j.crtox.2024.100166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a malleable element with odorless, tasteless characteristics that occurs naturally in the earth's crust, underground water, and soil. The most common reasons for the anthropological release of Cd to the environment include industrial metal mining, smelting, battery manufacturing, fertilizer production, and cigarette smoking. Cadmium-containing products may enter the environment as soluble salts, vapor, or particle forms that accumulate in food, soil, water, and air. Several epidemiological studies have highlighted the association between Cd exposure and adverse health outcomes, especially renal toxicity, and the impact of Cd exposure on the development and progression of carcinogenesis. Also highlighted is the evidence for early-life and even maternal exposure to Cd leading to devastating health outcomes, especially the risk of cancer development in adulthood. Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain how Cd mediates carcinogenic transformation, including epigenetic alteration, DNA methylation, histone posttranslational modification, dysregulated non-coding RNA, DNA damage in the form of DNA mutation, strand breaks, and chromosomal abnormalities with double-strand break representing the most common DNA form of damage. Cd induces an indirect genotoxic effect by reducing p53's DNA binding activity, eventually impairing DNA repair, inducing downregulation in the expression of DNA repair genes, which might result in carcinogenic transformation, enhancing lipid peroxidation or evasion of antioxidant interference such as catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione. Moreover, Cd mediates apoptosis evasion, autophagy activation, and survival mechanisms. In this review, we decipher the role of Cd mediating carcinogenic transformation in different models and highlight the interaction between various mechanisms. We also discuss diagnostic markers, therapeutic interventions, and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Ali Hussein
- Department of Pharmaceutical Services, Children’s Cancer Hospital Egypt, 57357 Cairo, Egypt
- Institute of Global Health and Human Ecology (IGHHE), School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Abishek Kamalakkannan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Rockford, IL 61107, USA
| | - Kamyab Valinezhad
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Rockford, IL 61107, USA
| | - Jhishnuraj Kannan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Rockford, IL 61107, USA
| | - Nikhila Paleati
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, College of Undergraduate Studies, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
| | - Rama Saad
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - André Kajdacsy-Balla
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Gnanasekar Munirathinam
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Rockford, IL 61107, USA
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Giunta EF, Brighi N, Gurioli G, Matteucci F, Paganelli G, De Giorgi U. 177Lu-PSMA therapy in metastatic prostate cancer: An updated review of prognostic and predictive biomarkers. Cancer Treat Rev 2024; 125:102699. [PMID: 38422894 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2024.102699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
177Lu-PSMA has been approved for the treatment of PSMA-positive metastatic castration-resistant (mCRPC) patients who progressed to androgen receptor pathway inhibitors (ARPIs) and taxane-based chemotherapy. However, a higher proportion of patients do not respond to this type of radioligand therapy (RLT). To date, there is a lack of validated prognostic and predictive biomarkers for 177Lu-PSMA therapy in prostate cancer. Several studies have investigated the prognostic and predictive role of clinical and molecular factors and also the metabolic features of PET imaging. In this review, we aim to take stock of the current scenario, focusing on new emerging data from retrospective/prospective series and clinical trials. Given the high costs and the possibility of primary resistance, it seems essential to identify clinical and molecular characteristics that could allow clinicians to choose the right patient to treat with 177Lu-PSMA. Biomarker-based clinical trials are urgently needed in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilio Francesco Giunta
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy.
| | - Nicole Brighi
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy
| | - Giorgia Gurioli
- Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy
| | - Federica Matteucci
- Nuclear Medicine Operative Unit, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy
| | - Giovanni Paganelli
- Nuclear Medicine Operative Unit, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy
| | - Ugo De Giorgi
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy
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Kalinen S, Kallonen T, Gunell M, Ettala O, Jambor I, Knaapila J, Syvänen KT, Taimen P, Poutanen M, Aronen HJ, Ollila H, Pietilä S, Elo LL, Lamminen T, Hakanen AJ, Munukka E, Boström PJ. Differences in Gut Microbiota Profiles and Microbiota Steroid Hormone Biosynthesis in Men with and Without Prostate Cancer. EUR UROL SUPPL 2024; 62:140-150. [PMID: 38500636 PMCID: PMC10946286 DOI: 10.1016/j.euros.2024.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Although prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common cancer in men in Western countries, there is significant variability in geographical incidence. This might result from genetic factors, discrepancies in screening policies, or differences in lifestyle. Gut microbiota has recently been associated with cancer progression, but its role in PCa is unclear. Objective Characterization of the gut microbiota and its functions associated with PCa. Design setting and participants In a prospective multicenter clinical trial (NCT02241122), the gut microbiota profiles of 181 men with a clinical suspicion of PCa were assessed utilizing 16S rRNA sequencing. Outcome measurements and statistical analysis Sequences were assigned to operational taxonomic units, differential abundance analysis, and α- and β-diversities, and predictive functional analyses were performed. Plasma steroid hormone levels corresponding to the predicted microbiota steroid hormone biosynthesis profiles were investigated. Results and limitations Of 364 patients, 181 were analyzed, 60% of whom were diagnosed with PCa. Microbiota composition and diversity were significantly different in PCa, partially affected by Prevotella 9, the most abundant genus of the cohort, and significantly higher in PCa patients. Predictive functional analyses revealed higher 5-α-reductase, copper absorption, and retinol metabolism in the PCa-associated microbiome. Plasma testosterone was associated negatively with the predicted microbial 5-α-reductase level. Conclusions Gut microbiota of the PCa patients differed significantly compared with benign individuals. Microbial 5-α-reductase, copper absorption, and retinol metabolism are potential mechanisms of action. These findings support the observed association of lifestyle, geography, and PCa incidence. Patient summary In this report, we found that several microbes and potential functions of the gut microbiota are altered in prostate cancer compared with benign cases. These findings suggest that gut microbiota could be the link between environmental factors and prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Kalinen
- Research Center for Infections and Immunity, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Teemu Kallonen
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Clinical Microbiome Bank, Microbe Center, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Marianne Gunell
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Clinical Microbiome Bank, Microbe Center, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Otto Ettala
- Department of Urology, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Ivan Jambor
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Enterprise Service Group - Radiology, Mass General Brigham, Boston, MA
| | - Juha Knaapila
- Department of Urology, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Kari T. Syvänen
- Department of Urology, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Pekka Taimen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Pathology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Matti Poutanen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Hannu J. Aronen
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Helena Ollila
- Turku Clinical Research Centre, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Sami Pietilä
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Laura L. Elo
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Tarja Lamminen
- Department of Urology, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Antti J. Hakanen
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Clinical Microbiome Bank, Microbe Center, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Eveliina Munukka
- Clinical Microbiome Bank, Microbe Center, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Biocodex: Biocodex Nordics, Espoo, Finland
| | - Peter J. Boström
- Department of Urology, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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Cai H, Zhang B, Ahrenfeldt J, Joseph JV, Riedel M, Gao Z, Thomsen SK, Christensen DS, Bak RO, Hager H, Vendelbo MH, Gao X, Birkbak N, Thomsen MK. CRISPR/Cas9 model of prostate cancer identifies Kmt2c deficiency as a metastatic driver by Odam/Cabs1 gene cluster expression. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2088. [PMID: 38453924 PMCID: PMC10920892 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46370-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Metastatic prostate cancer (PCa) poses a significant therapeutic challenge with high mortality rates. Utilizing CRISPR-Cas9 in vivo, we target five potential tumor suppressor genes (Pten, Trp53, Rb1, Stk11, and RnaseL) in the mouse prostate, reaching humane endpoint after eight weeks without metastasis. By further depleting three epigenetic factors (Kmt2c, Kmt2d, and Zbtb16), lung metastases are present in all mice. While whole genome sequencing reveals few mutations in coding sequence, RNA sequencing shows significant dysregulation, especially in a conserved genomic region at chr5qE1 regulated by KMT2C. Depleting Odam and Cabs1 in this region prevents metastasis. Notably, the gene expression signatures, resulting from our study, predict progression-free and overall survival and distinguish primary and metastatic human prostate cancer. This study emphasizes positive genetic interactions between classical tumor suppressor genes and epigenetic modulators in metastatic PCa progression, offering insights into potential treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqiang Cai
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Bin Zhang
- Computational Bioscience Research Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
- Computer Science Program, Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Johanne Ahrenfeldt
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Justin V Joseph
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Maria Riedel
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Zongliang Gao
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Sofie K Thomsen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ditte S Christensen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Rasmus O Bak
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Henrik Hager
- Department of Pathology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Mikkel H Vendelbo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine & PET Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Xin Gao
- Computational Bioscience Research Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
- Computer Science Program, Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nicolai Birkbak
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Martin K Thomsen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
- Aarhus Institute of Advanced Studies (AIAS), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
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Ge S, Zha L, Sobue T, Kitamura T, Ishihara J, Iwasaki M, Inoue M, Yamaji T, Tsugane S, Sawada N. Dietary Consumption of Antioxidant Vitamins in Relation to Prostate Cancer Risk in Japanese Men: The Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study. J Epidemiol 2024; 34:144-153. [PMID: 37150608 PMCID: PMC10853041 DOI: 10.2188/jea.je20220235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many epidemiological studies have investigated dietary intake of antioxidant vitamins in relation to prostate cancer risk in Western countries, but the results are inconsistent. However, few studies have reported this relationship in Asian countries. METHODS We investigated the association between intake of vitamins, including lycopene, α-carotene, β-carotene, vitamin C, vitamin E, with prostate cancer risk in the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective (JPHC) study. 40,720 men without history of cancer finished the food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and were included in the study. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of prostate cancer risk were calculated according to the quintiles of energy-adjusted intake of vitamins using Cox models. RESULTS After an average of 15.2 years (617,599 person-years in total) of follow-up, 1,386 cases of prostate cancer were identified, including 944 localized cases and 340 advanced cases. No associations were observed in consumption of antioxidant vitamins, including α-carotene, β-carotene, vitamin C, and vitamin E, and prostate cancer risk. Although higher lycopene intake was associated with increased risk of prostate cancer (highest vs lowest quintile, HR 1.24; 95% CI, 1.04-1.47; P for trend = 0.01), there was a null association of lycopene intake with risk of prostate cancer detected by subjective symptoms (HR 1.12; 95% CI, 0.79-1.58; P for trend = 0.11). CONCLUSION Our study suggested no association between antioxidant intake of vitamins and prostate cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanyu Ge
- Environmental Medicine and Population Sciences, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ling Zha
- Environmental Medicine and Population Sciences, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomotaka Sobue
- Environmental Medicine and Population Sciences, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tetsuhisa Kitamura
- Environmental Medicine and Population Sciences, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Junko Ishihara
- Department of Food and Life Science, Azabu University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Motoki Iwasaki
- Division of Epidemiology, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Cohort Research, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Manami Inoue
- Division of Cohort Research, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Prevention, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taiki Yamaji
- Division of Epidemiology, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoichiro Tsugane
- Division of Cohort Research, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan
- National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norie Sawada
- Division of Cohort Research, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan
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Wadhwa A, Roscoe C, Duran EA, Kwan L, Haroldsen CL, Shelton JB, Cullen J, Knudsen BS, Rettig MB, Pyarajan S, Nickols NG, Maxwell KN, Yamoah K, Rose BS, Rebbeck TR, Iyer HS, Garraway IP. Neighborhood Deprivation, Race and Ethnicity, and Prostate Cancer Outcomes Across California Health Care Systems. JAMA Netw Open 2024; 7:e242852. [PMID: 38502125 PMCID: PMC10951732 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.2852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Importance Non-Hispanic Black (hereafter, Black) individuals experience worse prostate cancer outcomes due to socioeconomic and racial inequities of access to care. Few studies have empirically evaluated these disparities across different health care systems. Objective To describe the racial and ethnic and neighborhood socioeconomic status (nSES) disparities among residents of the same communities who receive prostate cancer care in the US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) health care system vs other settings. Design, Setting, and Participants This cohort study obtained data from the VA Central Cancer Registry for veterans with prostate cancer who received care within the VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System (VA cohort) and from the California Cancer Registry (CCR) for nonveterans who received care outside the VA setting (CCR cohort). The cohorts consisted of all males with incident prostate cancer who were living within the same US Census tracts. These individuals received care between 2000 and 2018 and were followed up until death from any cause or censoring on December 31, 2018. Data analyses were conducted between September 2022 and December 2023. Exposures Health care setting, self-identified race and ethnicity (SIRE), and nSES. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was all-cause mortality (ACM). Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios for associations of SIRE and nSES with prostate cancer outcomes in the VA and CCR cohorts. Results Included in the analysis were 49 461 males with prostate cancer. Of these, 1881 males were in the VA cohort (mean [SD] age, 65.3 [7.7] years; 833 Black individuals [44.3%], 694 non-Hispanic White [hereafter, White] individuals [36.9%], and 354 individuals [18.8%] of other or unknown race). A total of 47 580 individuals were in the CCR cohort (mean [SD] age, 67.0 [9.6] years; 8183 Black individuals [17.2%], 26 206 White individuals [55.1%], and 13 191 individuals [27.8%] of other or unknown race). In the VA cohort, there were no racial disparities observed for metastasis, ACM, or prostate cancer-specific mortality (PCSM). However, in the CCR cohort, the racial disparities were observed for metastasis (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.36; 95% CI, 1.22-1.52), ACM (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR], 1.13; 95% CI, 1.04-1.24), and PCSM (AHR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.05-1.25). Heterogeneity was observed for the racial disparity in ACM in the VA vs CCR cohorts (AHR, 0.90 [95% CI, 0.76-1.06] vs 1.13 [95% CI, 1.04-1.24]; P = .01). No evidence of nSES disparities was observed for any prostate cancer outcomes in the VA cohort. However, in the CCR cohort, heterogeneity was observed for nSES disparities with ACM (AHR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.80-0.84; P = .002) and PCSM (AHR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.82-0.89; P = .007). Conclusions and Relevance Results of this study suggest that racial and nSES disparities were wider among patients seeking care outside of the VA health care system. Health systems-related interventions that address access barriers may mitigate racial and socioeconomic disparities in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananta Wadhwa
- Department of Surgical and Perioperative Care, Veterans Affairs (VA) Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California
| | - Charlotte Roscoe
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Elizabeth A. Duran
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego
- Center for Health Equity Education and Research, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Lorna Kwan
- Department of Surgical and Perioperative Care, Veterans Affairs (VA) Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA (University of California, Los Angeles), Los Angeles
| | - Candace L. Haroldsen
- Department of Surgical and Perioperative Care, Veterans Affairs (VA) Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Epidemiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City
- IDEAS Center (COIN), VA Salt Lake City Healthcare System, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Jeremy B. Shelton
- Department of Surgical and Perioperative Care, Veterans Affairs (VA) Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jennifer Cullen
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Beatrice S. Knudsen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Epidemiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City
- IDEAS Center (COIN), VA Salt Lake City Healthcare System, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Mathew B. Rettig
- Department of Surgical and Perioperative Care, Veterans Affairs (VA) Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA (University of California, Los Angeles), Los Angeles
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles
- UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles
| | | | - Nicholas G. Nickols
- Department of Surgical and Perioperative Care, Veterans Affairs (VA) Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA (University of California, Los Angeles), Los Angeles
- UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles
| | - Kara N. Maxwell
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
- Department of Medicine, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Kosj Yamoah
- Department of Radiation Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
- James A. Haley Veterans Hospital, Tampa, Florida
| | - Brent S. Rose
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego
- Center for Health Equity Education and Research, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Timothy R. Rebbeck
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Hari S. Iyer
- Section of Cancer Epidemiology and Health Outcomes, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick
| | - Isla P. Garraway
- Department of Surgical and Perioperative Care, Veterans Affairs (VA) Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA (University of California, Los Angeles), Los Angeles
- UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles
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Li YD, Ren ZJ, Gou YQ, Wei-Tan, Liu C, Gao L. Development and validation of a model for predicting the risk of prostate cancer. Int Urol Nephrol 2024; 56:973-980. [PMID: 37831385 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-023-03837-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormal hematologic parameters before patients undergoing prostate biopsy play a pivotal role in guiding the surgical management of prostate cancer (PCa) incidence. This study aims to establish the first nomogram for predicting PCa risk for better surgical management. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed and analyzed the data including basic information, preoperative hematologic parameters, and imaging examination of 540 consecutive patients who underwent transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)-guided prostate biopsy for elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in our medical center between 2017 and 2021. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the risk factors for PCa occurrence, and the nomogram was constructed to predict PCa occurrence. Finally, the data including 121 consecutive patients in 2022 were prospectively collected to further verify the results. RESULTS In retrospective analyses, univariate and multivariate logistic analyses identified that three variables including age, diabetes, and De Ritis ratio (aspartate transaminase/alanine transaminase, AST/ALT) were determined to be significantly associated with PCa occurrence. A nomogram was constructed based on these variables for predicting the risk of PCa, and a satisfied predictive accuracy of the model was determined with a C-index of 0.765, supported by a prospective validation group with a C-index of 0.736. The Decision curve analysis showed promising clinical application. In addition, our results also showed that the De Ritis ratio was significantly correlated with the clinical stage of PCa patients, including T, N, and M stages, but insignificantly related to the Gleason score. CONCLUSIONS The increased De Ritis ratio was significantly associated with the risk and clinical stage of PCa and this nomogram with good discrimination could effectively improve individualized surgical management for patient underdoing prostate biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Dong Li
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zheng-Ju Ren
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuan-Qing Gou
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei-Tan
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chuan Liu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Liang Gao
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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Franco PN, Frade-Santos S, García-Baizán A, Paredes-Velázquez L, Aymerich M, Sironi S, Otero-García MM. An MRI assessment of prostate cancer local recurrence using the PI-RR system: diagnostic accuracy, inter-observer reliability among readers with variable experience, and correlation with PSA values. Eur Radiol 2024; 34:1790-1803. [PMID: 37646815 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-023-09949-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The Prostate Imaging for Recurrence Reporting (PI-RR) system has been recently proposed to promote standardisation in the MR assessment of prostate cancer (PCa) local recurrence after radical prostatectomy (RP) and radiation therapy (RT). This study aims to evaluate PI-RR's diagnostic accuracy, assess the inter-observer reliability among readers with variable experience, and correlate imaging results with anatomopathological and laboratory parameters. METHODS Patients who underwent a pelvic MRI for suspicion of PCa local recurrence after RP or RT were retrospectively enrolled (October 2017-February 2020). PI-RR scores were independently assessed for each patient by five readers with variable experience in prostate MRI (two senior and three junior radiologists). Biochemical data and histopathological features were collected. The reference standard was determined through biochemical, imaging, or histopathological follow-up data. Reader's diagnostic performance was assessed using contingency tables. Cohen's kappa coefficient (κ) and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were calculated to measure inter-observer reliability. RESULTS The final cohort included 120 patients (median age, 72 years [IQR, 62-82]). Recurrence was confirmed in 106 (88.3%) patients. Considering a PI-RR score ≥ 3 as positive for recurrence, minimum and maximum diagnostic values among the readers were as follows: sensitivity 79-86%; specificity 64-86%; positive predictive value 95-98%; negative predictive value 33-46%; accuracy 79-87%. Regardless of reader's level of experience, the inter-observer reliability resulted good or excellent (κ ranges across all readers: 0.52-0.77), and ICC was 0.8. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) velocity, baseline-PSA, and trigger-PSA resulted predictive of local recurrence at imaging. CONCLUSIONS The PI-RR system is an effective tool for MRI evaluation of PCa local recurrence and facilitates uniformity among radiologists. CLINICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT This study confirmed the PI-RR system's good diagnostic accuracy for the MRI evaluation of PCa local recurrences. It showed high reproducibility among readers with variable experience levels, validating it as a promising standardisation tool for assessing patients with biochemical recurrence. KEY POINTS • In this retrospective study, the PI-RR system revealed promising diagnostic performances among five readers with different experience (sensitivity 79-86%; specificity 64-86%; accuracy 79-87%). • The inter-observer reliability among the five readers resulted good or excellent (κ ranges: 0.52-0.77) with an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.8. • The PI-RR assessment score may facilitate standardisation and generalizability in the evaluation of prostate cancer local recurrence among radiologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Niccolò Franco
- Department of Radiology, Hospital Universitario de Vigo, Carretera Clara Campoamor 341, 36312, Vigo, Spain.
- School of Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza dell'Ateneo Nuovo 1, 20126, Milan, Italy.
| | - Sofia Frade-Santos
- Department of Radiology, Hospital Universitario de Vigo, Carretera Clara Campoamor 341, 36312, Vigo, Spain
- Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG), Rua Prof. Lima Basto, 1099-023, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Alejandra García-Baizán
- Department of Radiology, Hospital Universitario de Vigo, Carretera Clara Campoamor 341, 36312, Vigo, Spain
| | - Laura Paredes-Velázquez
- Department of Radiology, Hospital Universitario de Vigo, Carretera Clara Campoamor 341, 36312, Vigo, Spain
| | - María Aymerich
- Diagnostic Imaging Research Group, Radiology Department, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, Vigo, Spain
| | - Sandro Sironi
- School of Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza dell'Ateneo Nuovo 1, 20126, Milan, Italy
- Department of Radiology, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Piazza OMS 1, 24127, Bergamo, Italy
| | - María Milagros Otero-García
- Department of Radiology, Hospital Universitario de Vigo, Carretera Clara Campoamor 341, 36312, Vigo, Spain
- Diagnostic Imaging Research Group, Radiology Department, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, Vigo, Spain
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Lezcano DA, Zhetpissov Y, Cheng A, Kim JS, Iordachita II. Optical Fiber-Based Needle Shape Sensing in Real Tissue: Single Core vs. Multicore Approaches. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ROBOTICS RESEARCH 2024; 9:2350004. [PMID: 38948444 PMCID: PMC11212684 DOI: 10.1142/s2424905x23500046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Flexible needle insertion procedures are common in minimally-invasive surgeries for diagnosing and treating prostate cancer. Bevel-tip needles provide physicians the capability to steer the needle during long insertions to avoid vital anatomical structures in the patient and reduce post-operative patient discomfort. To provide needle placement feedback to the physician, sensors are embedded into needles for determining the real-time 3D shape of the needle during operation without needing to visualize the needle intra-operatively. Through expansive research in fiber optics, a plethora of bio-compatible, MRI-compatible, optical shape-sensors have been developed to provide real-time shape feedback, such as single-core and multicore fiber Bragg gratings. In this paper, we directly compare single-core fiber-based and multicore fiber-based needle shape-sensing through similarly constructed, four-active area sensorized bevel-tip needles inserted into phantom and ex-vivo tissue on the same experimental platform. In this work, we found that for shape-sensing in phantom tissue, the two needles performed identically with a p-value of 0.164 > 0.05, but in ex-vivo real tissue, the single-core fiber sensorized needle significantly outperformed the multicore fiber configuration with a p-value of 0.0005 < 0.05. This paper also presents the experimental platform and method for directly comparing these optical shape sensors for the needle shape-sensing task, as well as provides direction, insight and required considerations for future work in constructively optimizing sensorized needles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitri A. Lezcano
- Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles St., Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Yernar Zhetpissov
- Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles St., Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Alexandra Cheng
- Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles St., Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Jin Seob Kim
- Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles St., Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Iulian I. Iordachita
- Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles St., Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
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Fan L, Wang H, Ben S, Cheng Y, Chen S, Ding Z, Zhao L, Li S, Wang M, Cheng G. Genetic variant in a BaP-activated super-enhancer increases prostate cancer risk by promoting AhR-mediated FAM227A expression. J Biomed Res 2024; 38:149-162. [PMID: 38410974 PMCID: PMC11001591 DOI: 10.7555/jbr.37.20230049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Genetic variants in super-enhancers (SEs) are increasingly implicated as a disease risk-driving mechanism. Previous studies have reported an associations between benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) exposure and some malignant tumor risk. Currently, it is unclear whether BaP is involved in the effect of genetic variants in SEs on prostate cancer risk, nor the associated intrinsic molecular mechanisms. In the current study, by using logistic regression analysis, we found that rs5750581T>C in 22q-SE was significantly associated with prostate cancer risk (odds ratio = 1.26, P = 7.61 × 10 -5). We also have found that the rs6001092T>G, in a high linkage disequilibrium with rs5750581T>C ( r 2 = 0.98), is located in a regulatory aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) motif and may interact with the FAM227A promoter in further bioinformatics analysis. We then performed a series of functional and BaP acute exposure experiments to assess biological function of the genetic variant and the target gene. Biologically, the rs6001092-G allele strengthened the transcription factor binding affinity to AhR, thereby upregulating FAM227A, especially upon exposure to BaP, which induced the malignant phenotypes of prostate cancer. The current study highlights that AhR acts as an environmental sensor of BaP and is involved in the SE-mediated prostate cancer risk, which may provide new insights into the etiology of prostate cancer associated with the inherited SE variants under environmental carcinogen stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Fan
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
- Department of Genetic Toxicology, the Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
- Department of Genetic Toxicology, the Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Shuai Ben
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
- Department of Genetic Toxicology, the Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Yifei Cheng
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
- Department of Genetic Toxicology, the Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Silu Chen
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
- Department of Genetic Toxicology, the Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Zhutao Ding
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
- Department of Genetic Toxicology, the Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Lingyan Zhao
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
- Department of Genetic Toxicology, the Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Shuwei Li
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
- Department of Genetic Toxicology, the Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Meilin Wang
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
- Department of Genetic Toxicology, the Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Gong Cheng
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
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Kalampokis N, Zabaftis C, Spinos T, Karavitakis M, Leotsakos I, Katafigiotis I, van der Poel H, Grivas N, Mitropoulos D. Review on the Role of BRCA Mutations in Genomic Screening and Risk Stratification of Prostate Cancer. Curr Oncol 2024; 31:1162-1169. [PMID: 38534919 PMCID: PMC10969585 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol31030086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Somatic and germline alterations can be commonly found in prostate cancer (PCa) patients. The aim of our present study was to perform a comprehensive review of the current literature in order to examine the impact of BRCA mutations in the context of PCa as well as their significance as genetic biomarkers. (2) Methods: A narrative review of all the available literature was performed. Only "landmark" publications were included. (3) Results: Overall, the number of PCa patients who harbor a BRCA2 mutation range between 1.2% and 3.2%. However, BRCA2 and BRCA1 mutations are responsible for most cases of hereditary PCa, increasing the risk by 3-8.6 times and up to 4 times, respectively. These mutations are correlated with aggressive disease and poor prognosis. Gene testing should be offered to patients with metastatic PCa, those with 2-3 first-degree relatives with PCa, or those aged < 55 and with one close relative with breast (age ≤ 50 years) or invasive ovarian cancer. (4) Conclusions: The individualized assessment of BRCA mutations is an important tool for the risk stratification of PCa patients. It is also a population screening tool which can guide our risk assessment strategies and achieve better results for our patients and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Kalampokis
- Department of Urology, G. Hatzikosta General Hospital, 45001 Ioannina, Greece;
| | - Christos Zabaftis
- Department of Laparoscopy and Endourology, Central Urology, Lefkos Stavros the Athens Clinic, PC 11528 Athens, Greece; (C.Z.); (M.K.); (I.L.); (I.K.)
| | - Theodoros Spinos
- Department of Urology, University of Patras Hospital, 26504 Patras, Greece;
| | - Markos Karavitakis
- Department of Laparoscopy and Endourology, Central Urology, Lefkos Stavros the Athens Clinic, PC 11528 Athens, Greece; (C.Z.); (M.K.); (I.L.); (I.K.)
| | - Ioannis Leotsakos
- Department of Laparoscopy and Endourology, Central Urology, Lefkos Stavros the Athens Clinic, PC 11528 Athens, Greece; (C.Z.); (M.K.); (I.L.); (I.K.)
| | - Ioannis Katafigiotis
- Department of Laparoscopy and Endourology, Central Urology, Lefkos Stavros the Athens Clinic, PC 11528 Athens, Greece; (C.Z.); (M.K.); (I.L.); (I.K.)
| | - Henk van der Poel
- Department of Urology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Nikolaos Grivas
- Department of Laparoscopy and Endourology, Central Urology, Lefkos Stavros the Athens Clinic, PC 11528 Athens, Greece; (C.Z.); (M.K.); (I.L.); (I.K.)
- Department of Urology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Dionysios Mitropoulos
- Department of Urology, Medical School, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 14122 Athens, Greece;
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Dindinger-Hill K, Hu S, Hickman A, Choudry M, Vehawn J, Snyder J, Deshmukh V, Newman M, Date A, Galvao C, Kohli M, O'Neil B, Schmidt B, Dechet C, Hashibe M, Sanchez A. Association of Baseline Pre-Diagnosis and Post-Diagnosis Obesity and Weight Change with Cardiovascular Risk and Survival Among Nonmetastatic Prostate Cancer Survivors. Clin Genitourin Cancer 2024:102057. [PMID: 38503572 DOI: 10.1016/j.clgc.2024.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Obesity in prostate cancer survivors may increase mortality. Better characterization of this effect may allow better counseling on obesity as a targetable lifestyle factor to reduce mortality in prostate cancer survivors. The purpose of this study was to determine whether pre- and post-diagnostic obesity and weight change affect all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease specific mortality, and prostate cancer specific mortality in patients with nonmetastatic prostate cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS We performed a retrospective cohort analysis of 5,077 patients diagnosed with localized prostate cancer from 1997 to 2017 with median follow-up of 15.5 years. The Utah Population Database linked to the Utah Cancer Registry was used to identify patients at a variety of treatment centers. RESULTS Pre-diagnosis obesity was associated with a 62% increased risk of cardiovascular disease specific mortality and a 34% increased risk of all-cause mortality (HR 1.62, 95% CI 1.05-2.50; HR 1.34, 95% CI 1.07-1.67, respectively). Post-diagnosis obesity increased the risk of cardiovascular disease specific mortality (HR 1.83, 95% CI 1.31-2.56) and all-cause mortality (HR 1.37, 95% CI 1.16-1.64) relative to non-obese men. We found no association between pre-diagnostic obesity or post-diagnostic weight gain and prostate cancer specific mortality. CONCLUSION Our study strengthens the conclusion that pre-, post-diagnostic obesity and weight gain increase cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality but not prostate cancer specific mortality compared to healthy weight men. An increased emphasis on weight management may improve mortality for prostate cancer survivors who are obese.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Siqi Hu
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT; Division of Public Health, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
| | | | | | | | - John Snyder
- Intermountain Healthcare, Salt Lake City, UT
| | | | - Michael Newman
- University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Ankita Date
- Pedigree and Population Resource, Population Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Carlos Galvao
- Pedigree and Population Resource, Population Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Manish Kohli
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT; Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | | | | | | | - Mia Hashibe
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT; Division of Public Health, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
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Hao X, Ren C, Zhou H, Li M, Zhang H, Liu X. Association between circulating immune cells and the risk of prostate cancer: a Mendelian randomization study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1358416. [PMID: 38405157 PMCID: PMC10884280 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1358416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background There is still limited research on the association between immune cells and the risk of prostate cancer. Further investigations are warranted to comprehend the intricate associations at play. Methods We used a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate the causal relationship between immune cell phenotypes and prostate cancer. The summary data for immune cell phenotypes was derived from a study cohort, including 3,757 individuals from Sardinia with data on 731 immune cell phenotypes. The summary data for prostate cancer were obtained from the UK Biobank database. Sensitivity analyses were conducted, and the combination of MR-Egger and MR-Presso was used to assess horizontal pleiotropy. Cochran's Q test was employed to evaluate heterogeneity, and the results were subjected to FDR correction. Results Our study identified two immune cell phenotypes significantly associated with the risk of prostate cancer, namely CD25 on naive-mature B cells (OR = 0.998, 95% CI, 0.997-0.999, P = 2.33E-05, FDR = 0.017) and HLA DR on CD14- CD16- cells (OR = 1.001, 95% CI, 1.000-1.002, P = 8.01E-05, FDR = 0.03). When adjusting FDR to 0.2, we additionally found six immune cell phenotypes influencing the incidence of prostate cancer. These include FSC-A on B cells (OR = 1.002, 95% CI, 1.001-1.002, P = 7.77E-04, FDR = 0.133), HLA DR on plasmacytoid dendritic cells (OR = 1.001, 95% CI, 1.000-1.001, P = 0.001, FDR = 0.133), CD14+ CD16- monocyte % monocytes (OR = 1.002, 95% CI, 1.001-1.003, P = 0.001, FDR = 0.133), and HVEM on effector memory CD4+ T cells (OR = 1.001, 95% CI, 1.000-1.002, P = 0.002, FDR = 0.169), which are positively correlated with the risk of prostate cancer. Conversely, CD25 on IgD+ B cells (OR = 0.998, 95% CI, 0.997-0.999, P = 0.002, FDR = 0.169) and Monocytic Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells AC (OR = 0.999, 95% CI, 0.999-1.000, P = 0.002, FDR = 0.17) are negatively correlated with the risk of prostate cancer. Conclusion This study has revealed causal relationships between immune cell phenotypes and prostate cancer, supplying novel insights that might aid in identifying potential therapeutic targets of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Xiaoqiang Liu
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
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Sayan M, Langoe A, Aynaci O, Eren AA, Eren MF, Kazaz IO, Ibrahim Z, Al-Akelie OT, Al-Mansouri L, Abu-Hijlih R, Moningi S, Abou Chawareb E, El Hajj A, Orio PF, Mula-Hussain L. Prostate cancer presentation and management in the Middle East. BMC Urol 2024; 24:35. [PMID: 38336732 PMCID: PMC10858578 DOI: 10.1186/s12894-024-01427-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although prostate cancer is a prevalent malignancy worldwide, its clinical presentation and management in the Middle East are not well-documented. This study aims to provide insights into the initial clinical presentation and management of prostate cancer in this region. METHODS A retrospective review was conducted on seven institutional databases from six Middle Eastern countries, including Türkiye, Lebanon, Iraq, Syria, Bahrain, and Jordan, to identify patients diagnosed with prostate cancer in 2021. Descriptive analysis was performed on the collected data to provide an overview of the demographic, clinical, and treatment variables. RESULTS A total of 1,136 patients were identified with a median age of 70 (range, 50-84). Most patients (78%) received their prostate cancer diagnosis after presenting with symptoms, as opposed to routine PSA screening. At the time of diagnosis, 35% of men had clinical T3 or T4 disease, 54% with Stage IV disease and 50% with Gleason score ≥ 8. Regarding treatment, 20% of non-metastatic and 22% of metastatic patients received no treatment. CONCLUSION Most men in this study sought prostate cancer evaluation due to symptoms and were subsequently diagnosed with advanced-stage disease, providing a foundation for future research aimed at understanding the underlying factors behind the observed trends and enabling informed interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mutlay Sayan
- Brigham and Women's Hospital and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | | | - Ozlem Aynaci
- Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Türkiye, Turkey
| | - Ayfer Ay Eren
- Kartal Dr. Lütfi Kirdar Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Fuat Eren
- Marmara University, Istanbul Pendik Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Türkiye, Turkey
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Shalini Moningi
- Brigham and Women's Hospital and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Albert El Hajj
- American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Peter F Orio
- Brigham and Women's Hospital and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Layth Mula-Hussain
- Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- College of Medicine, Ninevah University, Mosul, Ninevah, Iraq
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Yuriy K, Kusdemir G, Volodymyr P, Tüzün B, Taslimi P, Karatas OF, Anastasia K, Maryna P, Sayın K. A biochemistry-oriented drug design: synthesis, anticancer activity, enzymes inhibition, molecular docking studies of novel 1,2,4-triazole derivatives. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:1220-1236. [PMID: 37671856 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2253906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we researched the reactions of 5-(5-bromofuran-2-yl)-4-methyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol and 5-thiophene-(3-ylmethyl)-4R-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiols with some halogen-containing compounds, a number of new compounds were synthesized (1.1-1.5 and 2.1-2.8). These compounds showed excellent to good inhibitory activities on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) enzymes. For obtaining the effects of these compounds on AChE and BChE enzymes were determined spectrophotometrically according to Ellman. IC50 values of these enzymes were ranging between 1.63 and 17.68 nM for AChE and 8.71 and 84.02 nM for BChE. After, prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality for men over the age of 65 in developed countries. Current treatment options remain limited in the treatment of advanced-stage prostate cancer leading to biochemical recurrence in almost 40% of the patients. Therefore, there is an urgent need for development of novel therapeutic tools for treatment of prostate cancer patients. In this study, we aimed at analyzing the potential of all compounds against prostate cancer cells. We found that, of the tested compounds, 2.1, 2.2 and 2.3 showed significant cytotoxic activities against PC3 prostate cancer cells, although their effect on the viability of normal prostate cells was limited. These findings suggest their selective targeting potential for prostate cancer cells and offer them as candidate therapeutic agents against prostate cancer. The inhibitory activities of some chemical compounds, such as (1.1-1.5 and 2.1-2.8) were assessed by performing the molecular docking study in the presence of AChE, BChE and prostate cancer protein. MM/GBSA methods are calculated binding free energy. Finally, ADME/T analysis was performed to examine the drug properties of the 13 studied molecules.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karpenko Yuriy
- Department of Natural Sciences for Foreign Students and Toxicological Chemistry, Zaporizhzhia State Medical University, Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine
| | - Gulnur Kusdemir
- Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey
- High Technology Application and Research Center, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Parchenko Volodymyr
- Department of Natural Sciences for Foreign Students and Toxicological Chemistry, Zaporizhzhia State Medical University, Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine
| | - Burak Tüzün
- Plant and Animal Production Department, Technical Sciences Vocational School of Sivas, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Parham Taslimi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Bartin University, Bartin, Turkey
| | - Omer Faruk Karatas
- Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey
- High Technology Application and Research Center, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Khilkovets Anastasia
- Department of Natural Sciences for Foreign Students and Toxicological Chemistry, Zaporizhzhia State Medical University, Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine
| | - Parchenko Maryna
- Department of Natural Sciences for Foreign Students and Toxicological Chemistry, Zaporizhzhia State Medical University, Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine
| | - Koray Sayın
- Deparment of Chemistry, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
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49
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Li J, Yang C, Xiang K. Association between oxidative balance score and prostate specific antigen among older US adults. Front Public Health 2024; 11:1336657. [PMID: 38317687 PMCID: PMC10838971 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1336657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Oxidative Balance Score (OBS) is an index affecting the oxidative stress of dietary and lifestyle factors. We aimed to explore the association of OBS with prostate specific antigen (PSA) among older males. Methods A total of 5,136 samples were collected in this study to investigate the relationship between OBS and PSA from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Logistic regression models and restricted cubic spline were used to assess the associations between OBS and PSA. Results Compared with the Q1 group, the odds ratios for the association between OBS and PSA were 1.005 (1.003, 1.009), 1.003 (1.001, 1.006), and 1.001 (0.978, 1.022) for Q2, Q3, and Q4, respectively. In the age-specific analyses, the association was significant among individuals aged 65 years old and over: the odds ratios for the association between OBS and PSA were 1.019 (1.005, 1.028), 1.028 (1.018, 1.039), and 1.038 (1.022, 1.049) for Q2, Q3, and Q4, respectively. But it was not significant among individuals aged less than 65 years old: the odds ratios for the association between OBS and PSA were 1.016 (0.995, 1.026), 1.015 (0.985, 1.022), and 0.988 (0.978, 1.016) for Q2, Q3, and Q4, respectively. The restricted cubic splines also indicated a nonlinear relationship between OBS and PSA among individuals aged 65 years old and over (Poverall = 0.006, Pnonlinear = 0.021). Conclusion Our findings provide evidence that OBS is positively associated with higher levels of PSA among older adults. Further large-scale prospective cohort studies are needed to verify our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kui Xiang
- The National Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi, Hubei, China
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50
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Wang L, Deng JY, Fan XY, Yang D, Zhu PY, Wang XM. Absence of causal relationship between Parkinson's disease and subsequent prostate cancer: evidence from meta-analysis and Mendelian randomization studies. Front Oncol 2024; 13:1323812. [PMID: 38239652 PMCID: PMC10796167 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1323812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Numerous observational studies have investigated the risk of prostate cancer (PCa) in patients diagnosed with Parkinson's Disease (PD). However, the existence of a definitive association remains uncertain. Methods Systematic searches were performed on PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar for studies published up to October 1, 2023. For Mendelian randomized (MR) causal inference, we employed pooled data from the IPDGC and PRACTICAL Consortium. The inverse variance weighted (IVW) method served as the principal technique for estimating odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the associations under investigation. Results Cumulative analysis of nine studies revealed no significant association between patients diagnosed with PD and the subsequent incidence of PCa ([relative ratio] RR = 0.89, 95%CI = 0.73 to 1.08, P = 0.237). However, subgroup analyses indicated a reduced occurrence of PCa in Caucasian patients with PD (RR = 0.81, 95%CI = 0.69 to 0.95, P = 0.011). MR analyses failed to establish a significant link between increased genetic susceptibility to PD and the risk of PCa (IVW OR = 1.025, 95%CI = 0.997 to 1.054, P = 0.082). Sensitivity analyses further corroborated the robustness of these results. Conclusion Both observational meta-analysis and MR analysis based on genetic variation do not support an association between PD patients and the subsequent risk of PCa. Further research is warranted to unravel the potential underlying mechanisms linking these two diseases. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier CRD42023473527.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Jing-ya Deng
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Xi-yue Fan
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Dan Yang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Ping-yu Zhu
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Xiao-ming Wang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurological Diseases of North Sichuan Medical College, Sichuan, Nanchong, China
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