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Lopes-Paciencia S, Bourdeau V, Rowell MC, Amirimehr D, Guillon J, Kalegari P, Barua A, Quoc-Huy Trinh V, Azzi F, Turcotte S, Serohijos A, Ferbeyre G. A senescence restriction point acting on chromatin integrates oncogenic signals. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114044. [PMID: 38568812 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
We identify a senescence restriction point (SeRP) as a critical event for cells to commit to senescence. The SeRP integrates the intensity and duration of oncogenic stress, keeps a memory of previous stresses, and combines oncogenic signals acting on different pathways by modulating chromatin accessibility. Chromatin regions opened upon commitment to senescence are enriched in nucleolar-associated domains, which are gene-poor regions enriched in repeated sequences. Once committed to senescence, cells no longer depend on the initial stress signal and exhibit a characteristic transcriptome regulated by a transcription factor network that includes ETV4, RUNX1, OCT1, and MAFB. Consistent with a tumor suppressor role for this network, the levels of ETV4 and RUNX1 are very high in benign lesions of the pancreas but decrease dramatically in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas. The discovery of senescence commitment and its chromatin-linked regulation suggests potential strategies for reinstating tumor suppression in human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Lopes-Paciencia
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Véronique Bourdeau
- Département de Biochimie et Médecine Moléculaire, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Marie-Camille Rowell
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Davoud Amirimehr
- Département de Biochimie et Médecine Moléculaire, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Jordan Guillon
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Paloma Kalegari
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Arnab Barua
- Département de Biochimie et Médecine Moléculaire, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Vincent Quoc-Huy Trinh
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Institut de recherche en immunologie et en cancérologie (IRIC), Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada; Département de pathologie, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Feryel Azzi
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Simon Turcotte
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de chirurgie, Service de chirurgie hépatopancréatobiliaire, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Adrian Serohijos
- Département de Biochimie et Médecine Moléculaire, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Gerardo Ferbeyre
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Biochimie et Médecine Moléculaire, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada.
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2
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Okawa H, Tanaka Y, Takahashi A. Network of extracellular vesicles surrounding senescent cells. Arch Biochem Biophys 2024; 754:109953. [PMID: 38432566 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2024.109953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small lipid bilayers released from cells that contain cellular components such as proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and metabolites. Biological information is transmitted between cells via the EV content. Cancer and senescent cells secrete more EVs than normal cells, delivering more information to the surrounding recipient cells. Cellular senescence is a state of irreversible cell cycle arrest caused by the accumulation of DNA damage. Senescent cells secrete various inflammatory proteins known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Inflammatory SASP factors, including small EVs, induce chronic inflammation and lead to various age-related pathologies. Recently, senolytic drugs that selectively induce cell death in senescent cells have been developed to suppress the pathogenesis of age-related diseases. This review describes the characteristics of senescent cells, the functions of EVs released from senescent cells, and the therapeutic effects of EVs on age-related diseases. Understanding the biology of EVs secreted from senescent cells will provide valuable insights for achieving healthy longevity in an aging society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hikaru Okawa
- Division of Cellular Senescence, The Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-8-31, Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan; Division of Cellular and Molecular Imaging of Cancer, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan.
| | - Yoko Tanaka
- Division of Cellular Senescence, The Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-8-31, Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan.
| | - Akiko Takahashi
- Division of Cellular Senescence, The Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-8-31, Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan; Cancer Cell Communication Project, NEXT-Ganken Program, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan.
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3
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Schmitt CA, Tchkonia T, Niedernhofer LJ, Robbins PD, Kirkland JL, Lee S. COVID-19 and cellular senescence. Nat Rev Immunol 2023; 23:251-263. [PMID: 36198912 PMCID: PMC9533263 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-022-00785-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The clinical severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is largely determined by host factors. Recent advances point to cellular senescence, an ageing-related switch in cellular state, as a critical regulator of SARS-CoV-2-evoked hyperinflammation. SARS-CoV-2, like other viruses, can induce senescence and exacerbates the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), which is comprised largely of pro-inflammatory, extracellular matrix-degrading, complement-activating and pro-coagulatory factors secreted by senescent cells. These effects are enhanced in elderly individuals who have an increased proportion of pre-existing senescent cells in their tissues. SASP factors can contribute to a 'cytokine storm', tissue-destructive immune cell infiltration, endothelialitis (endotheliitis), fibrosis and microthrombosis. SASP-driven spreading of cellular senescence uncouples tissue injury from direct SARS-CoV-2-inflicted cellular damage in a paracrine fashion and can further amplify the SASP by increasing the burden of senescent cells. Preclinical and early clinical studies indicate that targeted elimination of senescent cells may offer a novel therapeutic opportunity to attenuate clinical deterioration in COVID-19 and improve resilience following infection with SARS-CoV-2 or other pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clemens A Schmitt
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Medical Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumour Immunology, and Molekulares Krebsforschungszentrum-MKFZ, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Berlin, Germany.
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany.
- Faculty of Medicine, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria.
- Kepler University Hospital, Department of Hematology and Oncology, Linz, Austria.
- Deutsches Konsortium für Translationale Krebsforschung (German Cancer Consortium), Partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Tamar Tchkonia
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Laura J Niedernhofer
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism and the Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biochemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Paul D Robbins
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism and the Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biochemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - James L Kirkland
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Soyoung Lee
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Medical Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumour Immunology, and Molekulares Krebsforschungszentrum-MKFZ, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Berlin, Germany.
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany.
- Faculty of Medicine, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria.
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4
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UV-induced senescence of human dermal fibroblasts restrained by low-stiffness matrix by inhibiting NF-κB activation. ENGINEERED REGENERATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.engreg.2022.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022] Open
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5
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A cFLIP-flop switch for senolysis. NATURE CANCER 2022; 3:1279-1281. [PMID: 36414710 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-022-00455-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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6
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Radonjić T, Dukić M, Jovanović I, Zdravković M, Mandić O, Popadić V, Popović M, Nikolić N, Klašnja S, Divac A, Todorović Z, Branković M. Aging of Liver in Its Different Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13085. [PMID: 36361873 PMCID: PMC9656219 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The proportion of elderly people in the world population is constantly increasing. With age, the risk of numerous chronic diseases and their complications also rises. Research on the subject of cellular senescence date back to the middle of the last century, and today we know that senescent cells have different morphology, metabolism, phenotypes and many other characteristics. Their main feature is the development of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), whose pro-inflammatory components affect tissues and organs, and increases the possibility of age-related diseases. The liver is the main metabolic organ of our body, and the results of previous research indicate that its regenerative capacity is greater and that it ages more slowly compared to other organs. With age, liver cells change under the influence of various stressors and the risk of developing chronic liver diseases such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) increases. It has been proven that these diseases progress faster in the elderly population and in some cases lead to end-stage liver disease that requires transplantation. The treatment of elderly people with chronic liver diseases is a challenge and requires an individual approach as well as new research that will reveal other safe and effective therapeutic modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tijana Radonjić
- University Hospital Medical Center Bežanijska Kosa, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija Dukić
- University Hospital Medical Center Bežanijska Kosa, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Igor Jovanović
- University Hospital Medical Center Bežanijska Kosa, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija Zdravković
- University Hospital Medical Center Bežanijska Kosa, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Olga Mandić
- University Hospital Medical Center Bežanijska Kosa, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Višeslav Popadić
- University Hospital Medical Center Bežanijska Kosa, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Maja Popović
- University Hospital Medical Center Bežanijska Kosa, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Novica Nikolić
- University Hospital Medical Center Bežanijska Kosa, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Slobodan Klašnja
- University Hospital Medical Center Bežanijska Kosa, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Anica Divac
- University Hospital Medical Center Bežanijska Kosa, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zoran Todorović
- University Hospital Medical Center Bežanijska Kosa, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija Branković
- University Hospital Medical Center Bežanijska Kosa, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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7
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Hunter JE, Campbell AE, Butterworth JA, Sellier H, Hannaway NL, Luli S, Floudas A, Kenneth NS, Moore AJ, Brownridge PJ, Thomas HD, Coxhead J, Taylor L, Leary P, Hasoon MS, Knight AM, Garrett MD, Collins I, Eyers CE, Perkins ND. Mutation of the RelA(p65) Thr505 phosphosite disrupts the DNA replication stress response leading to CHK1 inhibitor resistance. Biochem J 2022; 479:2087-2113. [PMID: 36240065 PMCID: PMC9704643 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20220089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jill E. Hunter
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Newcastle University, Herschel Building, Level 6, Brewery Lane, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Amy E. Campbell
- Centre for Proteome Research, Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, U.K
| | - Jacqueline A. Butterworth
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Newcastle University, Herschel Building, Level 6, Brewery Lane, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Helene Sellier
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Newcastle University, Herschel Building, Level 6, Brewery Lane, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Nicola L. Hannaway
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Newcastle University, Herschel Building, Level 6, Brewery Lane, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Saimir Luli
- Newcastle University Clinical and Translational Research Institute, Preclinical In Vivo Imaging, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Achilleas Floudas
- Newcastle University Clinical and Translational Research Institute, Preclinical In Vivo Imaging, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Niall S. Kenneth
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Cell Signalling, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, U.K
| | - Adam J. Moore
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Newcastle University, Herschel Building, Level 6, Brewery Lane, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Philip J. Brownridge
- Centre for Proteome Research, Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, U.K
| | - Huw D. Thomas
- Newcastle University Clinical and Translational Research Institute, Preclinical In Vivo Imaging, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Jonathan Coxhead
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Newcastle University, Herschel Building, Level 6, Brewery Lane, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Leigh Taylor
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Newcastle University, Herschel Building, Level 6, Brewery Lane, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Peter Leary
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Cell Signalling, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, U.K
| | - Megan S.R. Hasoon
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Cell Signalling, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, U.K
| | - Andrew M. Knight
- Newcastle University Clinical and Translational Research Institute, Preclinical In Vivo Imaging, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Michelle D. Garrett
- School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Stacey Building, Canterbury, Kent CT2 7NJ, U.K
| | - Ian Collins
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton SM2 5NG, U.K
| | - Claire E. Eyers
- Centre for Proteome Research, Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, U.K
| | - Neil D. Perkins
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Newcastle University, Herschel Building, Level 6, Brewery Lane, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
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8
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Schmitt CA, Wang B, Demaria M. Senescence and cancer - role and therapeutic opportunities. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2022; 19:619-636. [PMID: 36045302 PMCID: PMC9428886 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-022-00668-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 93.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a state of stable, terminal cell cycle arrest associated with various macromolecular changes and a hypersecretory, pro-inflammatory phenotype. Entry of cells into senescence can act as a barrier to tumorigenesis and, thus, could in principle constitute a desired outcome for any anticancer therapy. Paradoxically, studies published in the past decade have demonstrated that, in certain conditions and contexts, malignant and non-malignant cells with lastingly persistent senescence can acquire pro-tumorigenic properties. In this Review, we first discuss the major mechanisms involved in the antitumorigenic functions of senescent cells and then consider the cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic factors that participate in their switch towards a tumour-promoting role, providing an overview of major translational and emerging clinical findings. Finally, we comprehensively describe various senolytic and senomorphic therapies and their potential to benefit patients with cancer. The entry of cells into senescence can act as a barrier to tumorigenesis; however, in certain contexts senescent malignant and non-malignant cells can acquire pro-tumorigenic properties. The authors of this Review discuss the cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic mechanisms involved in both the antitumorigenic and tumour-promoting roles of senescent cells, and describe the potential of various senolytic and senomorphic therapeutic approaches in oncology. Cellular senescence is a natural barrier to tumorigenesis; senescent cells are widely detected in premalignant lesions from patients with cancer. Cellular senescence is induced by anticancer therapy and can contribute to some treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs). Senescent cells exert both protumorigenic and antitumorigenic effects via cell-autonomous and paracrine mechanisms. Pharmacological modulation of senescence-associated phenotypes has the potential to improve therapy efficacy and reduce the incidence of TRAEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clemens A Schmitt
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Medical Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumour Immunology, and Molekulares Krebsforschungszentrum-MKFZ, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Berlin, Germany.,Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany.,Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria.,Kepler University Hospital, Department of Hematology and Oncology, Linz, Austria.,Deutsches Konsortium für Translationale Krebsforschung (German Cancer Consortium), Partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Boshi Wang
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing (ERIBA), University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen (RUG), Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Marco Demaria
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing (ERIBA), University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen (RUG), Groningen, the Netherlands.
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9
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Virus-induced senescence is a driver and therapeutic target in COVID-19. Nature 2021; 599:283-289. [PMID: 34517409 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03995-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Derailed cytokine and immune cell networks account for the organ damage and the clinical severity of COVID-19 (refs. 1-4). Here we show that SARS-CoV-2, like other viruses, evokes cellular senescence as a primary stress response in infected cells. Virus-induced senescence (VIS) is indistinguishable from other forms of cellular senescence and is accompanied by a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), which comprises pro-inflammatory cytokines, extracellular-matrix-active factors and pro-coagulatory mediators5-7. Patients with COVID-19 displayed markers of senescence in their airway mucosa in situ and increased serum levels of SASP factors. In vitro assays demonstrated macrophage activation with SASP-reminiscent secretion, complement lysis and SASP-amplifying secondary senescence of endothelial cells, which mirrored hallmark features of COVID-19 such as macrophage and neutrophil infiltration, endothelial damage and widespread thrombosis in affected lung tissue1,8,9. Moreover, supernatant from VIS cells, including SARS-CoV-2-induced senescence, induced neutrophil extracellular trap formation and activation of platelets and the clotting cascade. Senolytics such as navitoclax and a combination of dasatinib plus quercetin selectively eliminated VIS cells, mitigated COVID-19-reminiscent lung disease and reduced inflammation in SARS-CoV-2-infected hamsters and mice. Our findings mark VIS as a pathogenic trigger of COVID-19-related cytokine escalation and organ damage, and suggest that senolytic targeting of virus-infected cells is a treatment option against SARS-CoV-2 and perhaps other viral infections.
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10
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Zhang M, Serna-Salas S, Damba T, Borghesan M, Demaria M, Moshage H. Hepatic stellate cell senescence in liver fibrosis: Characteristics, mechanisms and perspectives. Mech Ageing Dev 2021; 199:111572. [PMID: 34536446 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2021.111572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Myofibroblasts play an important role in fibrogenesis. Hepatic stellate cells are the main precursors of myofibroblasts. Cellular senescence is the terminal cell fate in which proliferating cells undergo irreversible cell cycle arrest. Senescent hepatic stellate cells were identified in liver fibrosis. Senescent hepatic stellate cells display decreased collagen production and proliferation. Therefore, induction of senescence could be a protective mechanism against progression of liver fibrosis and the concept of therapy-induced senescence has been proposed to treat liver fibrosis. In this review, characteristics of senescent hepatic stellate cells and the essential signaling pathways involved in senescence are reviewed. Furthermore, the potential impact of senescent hepatic stellate cells on other liver cell types are discussed. Senescent cells are cleared by the immune system. The persistence of senescent cells can remodel the microenvironment and interact with inflammatory cells to induce aging-related dysfunction. Therefore, senolytics, a class of compounds that selectively induce death of senescent cells, were introduced as treatment to remove senescent cells and consequently decrease the disadvantageous effects of persisting senescent cells. The effects of senescent hepatic stellate cells in liver fibrosis need further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengfan Zhang
- Dept. of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Sandra Serna-Salas
- Dept. of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Turtushikh Damba
- Dept. of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; School of Pharmacy, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Michaela Borghesan
- European Research Institute on the Biology of Aging (ERIBA), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Marco Demaria
- European Research Institute on the Biology of Aging (ERIBA), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Han Moshage
- Dept. of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
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11
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Adaptive T-cell immunity controls senescence-prone MyD88- or CARD11-mutant B-cell lymphomas. Blood 2021; 137:2785-2799. [PMID: 33232972 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020005244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant B-cell receptor/NF-κB signaling is a hallmark feature of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas, especially in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Recurrent mutations in this cascade, for example, in CD79B, CARD11, or NFKBIZ, and also in the Toll-like receptor pathway transducer MyD88, all deregulate NF-κB, but their differential impact on lymphoma development and biology remains to be determined. Here, we functionally investigate primary mouse lymphomas that formed in recipient mice of Eµ-myc transgenic hematopoietic stem cells stably transduced with naturally occurring NF-κB mutants. Although most mutants supported Myc-driven lymphoma formation through repressed apoptosis, CARD11- or MyD88-mutant lymphoma cells selectively presented with a macrophage-activating secretion profile, which, in turn, strongly enforced transforming growth factor β (TGF-β)-mediated senescence in the lymphoma cell compartment. However, MyD88- or CARD11-mutant Eµ-myc lymphomas exhibited high-level expression of the immune-checkpoint mediator programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1), thus preventing their efficient clearance by adaptive host immunity. Conversely, these mutant-specific dependencies were therapeutically exploitable by anti-programmed cell death 1 checkpoint blockade, leading to direct T-cell-mediated lysis of predominantly but not exclusively senescent lymphoma cells. Importantly, mouse-based mutant MyD88- and CARD11-derived signatures marked DLBCL subgroups exhibiting mirroring phenotypes with respect to the triad of senescence induction, macrophage attraction, and evasion of cytotoxic T-cell immunity. Complementing genomic subclassification approaches, our functional, cross-species investigation unveils pathogenic principles and therapeutic vulnerabilities applicable to and testable in human DLBCL subsets that may inform future personalized treatment strategies.
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12
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Kolesnichenko M, Mikuda N, Höpken UE, Kärgel E, Uyar B, Tufan AB, Milanovic M, Sun W, Krahn I, Schleich K, von Hoff L, Hinz M, Willenbrock M, Jungmann S, Akalin A, Lee S, Schmidt-Ullrich R, Schmitt CA, Scheidereit C. Transcriptional repression of NFKBIA triggers constitutive IKK- and proteasome-independent p65/RelA activation in senescence. EMBO J 2021; 40:e104296. [PMID: 33459422 PMCID: PMC7957429 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2019104296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The IκB kinase (IKK)‐NF‐κB pathway is activated as part of the DNA damage response and controls both inflammation and resistance to apoptosis. How these distinct functions are achieved remained unknown. We demonstrate here that DNA double‐strand breaks elicit two subsequent phases of NF‐κB activation in vivo and in vitro, which are mechanistically and functionally distinct. RNA‐sequencing reveals that the first‐phase controls anti‐apoptotic gene expression, while the second drives expression of senescence‐associated secretory phenotype (SASP) genes. The rapidly activated first phase is driven by the ATM‐PARP1‐TRAF6‐IKK cascade, which triggers proteasomal destruction of inhibitory IκBα, and is terminated through IκBα re‐expression from the NFKBIA gene. The second phase, which is activated days later in senescent cells, is on the other hand independent of IKK and the proteasome. An altered phosphorylation status of NF‐κB family member p65/RelA, in part mediated by GSK3β, results in transcriptional silencing of NFKBIA and IKK‐independent, constitutive activation of NF‐κB in senescence. Collectively, our study reveals a novel physiological mechanism of NF‐κB activation with important implications for genotoxic cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Kolesnichenko
- Signal Transduction in Tumor Cells, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nadine Mikuda
- Signal Transduction in Tumor Cells, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Uta E Höpken
- Microenvironmental Regulation in Autoimmunity and Cancer, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Eva Kärgel
- Signal Transduction in Tumor Cells, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bora Uyar
- Bioinformatics/Mathematical Modeling Platform, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ahmet Bugra Tufan
- Signal Transduction in Tumor Cells, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maja Milanovic
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Tumor Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wei Sun
- Laboratory for Functional Genomics and Systems Biology, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Inge Krahn
- Signal Transduction in Tumor Cells, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kolja Schleich
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Tumor Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Linda von Hoff
- Signal Transduction in Tumor Cells, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Hinz
- Signal Transduction in Tumor Cells, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Willenbrock
- Signal Transduction in Tumor Cells, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sabine Jungmann
- Signal Transduction in Tumor Cells, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Altuna Akalin
- Bioinformatics/Mathematical Modeling Platform, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Soyoung Lee
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Tumor Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ruth Schmidt-Ullrich
- Signal Transduction in Tumor Cells, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Clemens A Schmitt
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Tumor Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Claus Scheidereit
- Signal Transduction in Tumor Cells, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
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13
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Schleich K, Kase J, Dörr JR, Trescher S, Bhattacharya A, Yu Y, Wailes EM, Fan DNY, Lohneis P, Milanovic M, Lau A, Lenze D, Hummel M, Chapuy B, Leser U, Reimann M, Lee S, Schmitt CA. H3K9me3-mediated epigenetic regulation of senescence in mice predicts outcome of lymphoma patients. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3651. [PMID: 32686676 PMCID: PMC7371731 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17467-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Lesion-based targeting strategies underlie cancer precision medicine. However, biological principles - such as cellular senescence - remain difficult to implement in molecularly informed treatment decisions. Functional analyses in syngeneic mouse models and cross-species validation in patient datasets might uncover clinically relevant genetics of biological response programs. Here, we show that chemotherapy-exposed primary Eµ-myc transgenic lymphomas - with and without defined genetic lesions - recapitulate molecular signatures of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Importantly, we interrogate the murine lymphoma capacity to senesce and its epigenetic control via the histone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9)-methyltransferase Suv(ar)39h1 and H3K9me3-active demethylases by loss- and gain-of-function genetics, and an unbiased clinical trial-like approach. A mouse-derived senescence-indicating gene signature, termed "SUVARness", as well as high-level H3K9me3 lymphoma expression, predict favorable DLBCL patient outcome. Our data support the use of functional genetics in transgenic mouse models to incorporate basic biology knowledge into cancer precision medicine in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kolja Schleich
- Charité - University Medical Center, Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Virchow Campus, and Molekulares Krebsforschungszentrum, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Julia Kase
- Charité - University Medical Center, Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Virchow Campus, and Molekulares Krebsforschungszentrum, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan R Dörr
- Charité - University Medical Center, Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Virchow Campus, and Molekulares Krebsforschungszentrum, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Saskia Trescher
- Institute for Computer Science, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Unter Den Linden 6, 10099, Berlin, Germany
| | - Animesh Bhattacharya
- Charité - University Medical Center, Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Virchow Campus, and Molekulares Krebsforschungszentrum, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Yong Yu
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Elizabeth M Wailes
- Charité - University Medical Center, Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Virchow Campus, and Molekulares Krebsforschungszentrum, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dorothy N Y Fan
- Charité - University Medical Center, Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Virchow Campus, and Molekulares Krebsforschungszentrum, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany.,Deutsches Konsortium für Translationale Krebsforschung (German Cancer Consortium), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Philipp Lohneis
- University Hospital Cologne, Pathology, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
| | - Maja Milanovic
- Charité - University Medical Center, Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Virchow Campus, and Molekulares Krebsforschungszentrum, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andrea Lau
- Charité - University Medical Center, Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Virchow Campus, and Molekulares Krebsforschungszentrum, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dido Lenze
- Charité - University Medical Center, Pathology, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Hummel
- Deutsches Konsortium für Translationale Krebsforschung (German Cancer Consortium), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Charité - University Medical Center, Pathology, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bjoern Chapuy
- University Medical Center Göttingen, Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Robert-Koch-Straße 40, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ulf Leser
- Institute for Computer Science, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Unter Den Linden 6, 10099, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maurice Reimann
- Charité - University Medical Center, Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Virchow Campus, and Molekulares Krebsforschungszentrum, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Soyoung Lee
- Charité - University Medical Center, Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Virchow Campus, and Molekulares Krebsforschungszentrum, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany.,Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany.,Deutsches Konsortium für Translationale Krebsforschung (German Cancer Consortium), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Clemens A Schmitt
- Charité - University Medical Center, Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Virchow Campus, and Molekulares Krebsforschungszentrum, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany. .,Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany. .,Deutsches Konsortium für Translationale Krebsforschung (German Cancer Consortium), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany. .,Kepler University Hospital, Department of Hematology and Oncology, Johannes Kepler University, Krankenhausstraße 9, 4020, Linz, Austria. .,Berlin Institute of Health, Anna-Louisa-Karsch-Straße 2, 10178, Berlin, Germany.
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14
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Liu SG, Yue ZX, Li ZG, Zhang RD, Zheng HY, Zhao XX, Gao C. β-catenin promotes MTX resistance of leukemia cells by down-regulating FPGS expression via NF-κB. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:271. [PMID: 32587478 PMCID: PMC7313175 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01364-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Aberrant activation of β-catenin has been shown to play important roles in the chemoresistance of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), but the involvement and mechanism of β-catenin in methotrexate (MTX) resistance is poorly understood. In the present study, we demonstrate a critical role of β-catenin-NF-κB-FPGS pathway in MTX resistance in the human T-lineage ALL cell lines. Methods Lentivirus sh-β-catenin was used to silence the expression of β-catenin. Flow cytometry was performed to detect apoptosis after MTX treatment. Western blot, real-time PCR, Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP), Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), Re-ChIP, and Luciferase assay were utilized to investigate the relationship among β-catenin, nuclear factor (NF)-κB, and folypoly-γ-glutamate synthetase (FPGS). Results Depletion of β-catenin significantly increased the cytotoxicity of MTX. At the molecular level, knockdown of β-catenin caused the increase of the protein level of FPGS and NF-κB p65. Furthermore, β-catenin complexed with NF-κB p65 and directly bound to the FPGS promoter to regulate its expression. In addition, β-catenin repression prolonged the protein turnover of FPGS. Conclusions Taken together, our results demonstrate that β-catenin may contribute to MTX resistance in leukemia cells via the β-catenin-NF-κB-FPGS pathway, posing β-catenin as a potential target for combination treatments during ALL therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Guang Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Hematology Oncology Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, 56 Nanlishi Road, Beijing, 100045 China
| | - Zhi-Xia Yue
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Hematology Oncology Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, 56 Nanlishi Road, Beijing, 100045 China
| | - Zhi-Gang Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Hematology Oncology Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, 56 Nanlishi Road, Beijing, 100045 China
| | - Rui-Dong Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Hematology Oncology Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, 56 Nanlishi Road, Beijing, 100045 China
| | - Hu-Yong Zheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Hematology Oncology Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, 56 Nanlishi Road, Beijing, 100045 China
| | - Xiao-Xi Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Hematology Oncology Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, 56 Nanlishi Road, Beijing, 100045 China
| | - Chao Gao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Hematology Oncology Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, 56 Nanlishi Road, Beijing, 100045 China
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15
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Denker S, Bittner A, Na IK, Kase J, Frick M, Anagnostopoulos I, Hummel M, Schmitt CA. A Phase I/II first-line study of R-CHOP plus B-cell receptor/NF-κB-double-targeting to molecularly assess therapy response. Int J Hematol Oncol 2019; 8:IJH20. [PMID: 31903182 PMCID: PMC6939221 DOI: 10.2217/ijh-2019-0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The ImbruVeRCHOP trial is an investigator-initiated, multicenter, single-arm, open label Phase I/II study for patients 61–80 years of age with newly diagnosed CD20+ diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and a higher risk profile (International Prognostic Index ≥2). Patients receive standard chemotherapy (CHOP) plus immunotherapy (Rituximab), a biological agent (the proteasome inhibitor Bortezomib) and a signaling inhibitor (the Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase-targeting therapeutic Ibrutinib). Using an all-comers approach, but subjecting patients to another lymphoma biopsy acutely under first-cycle immune-chemo drug exposure, ImbruVeRCHOP seeks to identify an unbiased molecular responder signature that marks diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients at risk and likely to benefit from this regimen as a double, proximal and distal B-cell receptor/NF-κB-co-targeting extension of the current R-CHOP standard of care. EudraCT-Number: 2015-003429-32; ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03129828. The study investigates a new therapeutic concept for elderly patients newly diagnosed with a particularly aggressive B-cell lymphoma type that combines classical chemotherapy and a therapeutic antibody (together reflecting the current standard) with two modern agents, directed against a critical signaling cascade in this cancer type. Beyond feasibility and efficacy, it is particularly important in this study to collect tumor samples not only prior to but also immediately during first drug exposure. Molecular profiling of the tumor co-interpreted with patient outcome is expected to predict which patients are likely to benefit from such an extension of the standard regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophy Denker
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, & Berlin Institute of Health; Medical Department of Hematology, Oncology & Tumor Immunology, Virchow Campus & Molekulares Krebsforschungszentrum, Berlin, Germany
| | - Aitomi Bittner
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, & Berlin Institute of Health; Medical Department of Hematology, Oncology & Tumor Immunology, Virchow Campus & Molekulares Krebsforschungszentrum, Berlin, Germany
| | - Il-Kang Na
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, & Berlin Institute of Health; Medical Department of Hematology, Oncology & Tumor Immunology, Virchow Campus & Molekulares Krebsforschungszentrum, Berlin, Germany.,Experimental & Clinical Research Centre, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin, Germany
| | - Julia Kase
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, & Berlin Institute of Health; Medical Department of Hematology, Oncology & Tumor Immunology, Virchow Campus & Molekulares Krebsforschungszentrum, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mareike Frick
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, & Berlin Institute of Health; Medical Department of Hematology, Oncology & Tumor Immunology, Virchow Campus & Molekulares Krebsforschungszentrum, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Michael Hummel
- Institute for Pathology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) & German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Clemens A Schmitt
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, & Berlin Institute of Health; Medical Department of Hematology, Oncology & Tumor Immunology, Virchow Campus & Molekulares Krebsforschungszentrum, Berlin, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) & German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Kepler Universitätsklinikum, Hematology & Oncology, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria.,Max-Delbrück-Centre for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
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16
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Grau M, Lenz G, Lenz P. Dissection of gene expression datasets into clinically relevant interaction signatures via high-dimensional correlation maximization. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5417. [PMID: 31780653 PMCID: PMC6883077 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12713-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene expression is controlled by many simultaneous interactions, frequently measured collectively in biology and medicine by high-throughput technologies. It is a highly challenging task to infer from these data the generating effects and cooperating genes. Here, we present an unsupervised hypothesis-generating learning concept termed signal dissection by correlation maximization (SDCM) that dissects large high-dimensional datasets into signatures. Each signature captures a particular signal pattern that was consistently observed for multiple genes and samples, likely caused by the same underlying interaction. A key difference to other methods is our flexible nonlinear signal superposition model, combined with a precise regression technique. Analyzing gene expression of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, our method discovers previously unidentified signatures that reveal significant differences in patient survival. These signatures are more predictive than those from various methods used for comparison and robustly validate across technological platforms. This implies highly specific extraction of clinically relevant gene interactions. Identification of clinically relevant gene expression signatures for cancer stratification remains challenging. Here, the authors introduce a flexible nonlinear signal superposition model that enables dissection of large gene expression data sets into signatures and extraction of gene interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Grau
- Department of Medicine A, Albert-Schweitzer Campus 1, University Hospital Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence EXC 1003, Cells in Motion, University of Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Georg Lenz
- Department of Medicine A, Albert-Schweitzer Campus 1, University Hospital Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence EXC 1003, Cells in Motion, University of Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Peter Lenz
- Department of Physics, Renthof 5, University of Marburg, 35032, Marburg, Germany. .,LOEWE Center for Synthetic Microbiology, 35032, Marburg, Germany.
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17
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Igelmann S, Neubauer HA, Ferbeyre G. STAT3 and STAT5 Activation in Solid Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11101428. [PMID: 31557897 PMCID: PMC6826753 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11101428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (STAT)3 and 5 proteins are activated by many cytokine receptors to regulate specific gene expression and mitochondrial functions. Their role in cancer is largely context-dependent as they can both act as oncogenes and tumor suppressors. We review here the role of STAT3/5 activation in solid cancers and summarize their association with survival in cancer patients. The molecular mechanisms that underpin the oncogenic activity of STAT3/5 signaling include the regulation of genes that control cell cycle and cell death. However, recent advances also highlight the critical role of STAT3/5 target genes mediating inflammation and stemness. In addition, STAT3 mitochondrial functions are required for transformation. On the other hand, several tumor suppressor pathways act on or are activated by STAT3/5 signaling, including tyrosine phosphatases, the sumo ligase Protein Inhibitor of Activated STAT3 (PIAS3), the E3 ubiquitin ligase TATA Element Modulatory Factor/Androgen Receptor-Coactivator of 160 kDa (TMF/ARA160), the miRNAs miR-124 and miR-1181, the Protein of alternative reading frame 19 (p19ARF)/p53 pathway and the Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 1 and 3 (SOCS1/3) proteins. Cancer mutations and epigenetic alterations may alter the balance between pro-oncogenic and tumor suppressor activities associated with STAT3/5 signaling, explaining their context-dependent association with tumor progression both in human cancers and animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Igelmann
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succ. Centre-Ville, CRCHUM, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada.
- CRCHUM, 900 Saint-Denis St, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada.
| | - Heidi A Neubauer
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna 1210, Austria.
| | - Gerardo Ferbeyre
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succ. Centre-Ville, CRCHUM, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada.
- CRCHUM, 900 Saint-Denis St, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada.
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18
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Costa TDF, Zhuang T, Lorent J, Turco E, Olofsson H, Masia-Balague M, Zhao M, Rabieifar P, Robertson N, Kuiper R, Sjölund J, Spiess M, Hernández-Varas P, Rabenhorst U, Roswall P, Ma R, Gong X, Hartman J, Pietras K, Adams PD, Defilippi P, Strömblad S. PAK4 suppresses RELB to prevent senescence-like growth arrest in breast cancer. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3589. [PMID: 31399573 PMCID: PMC6689091 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11510-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Overcoming cellular growth restriction, including the evasion of cellular senescence, is a hallmark of cancer. We report that PAK4 is overexpressed in all human breast cancer subtypes and associated with poor patient outcome. In mice, MMTV-PAK4 overexpression promotes spontaneous mammary cancer, while PAK4 gene depletion delays MMTV-PyMT driven tumors. Importantly, PAK4 prevents senescence-like growth arrest in breast cancer cells in vitro, in vivo and ex vivo, but is not needed in non-immortalized cells, while PAK4 overexpression in untransformed human mammary epithelial cells abrogates H-RAS-V12-induced senescence. Mechanistically, a PAK4 – RELB - C/EBPβ axis controls the senescence-like growth arrest and a PAK4 phosphorylation residue (RELB-Ser151) is critical for RELB-DNA interaction, transcriptional activity and expression of the senescence regulator C/EBPβ. These findings establish PAK4 as a promoter of breast cancer that can overcome oncogene-induced senescence and reveal a selective vulnerability of cancer to PAK4 inhibition. Oncogene induced senescence protects cells from unrestricted growth and cancer. Here, the authors show that PAK4 overrides this senescence in breast cancer cells through phosphorylation of RELB, thereby inhibiting transcription of the senescence regulator C/EBPβ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tânia D F Costa
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, SE-141 83, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Ting Zhuang
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, SE-141 83, Huddinge, Sweden.,Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Julie Lorent
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77, Solna, Sweden
| | - Emilia Turco
- Department of Genetics, Biology and Biochemistry, University of Torino, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Helene Olofsson
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, SE-141 83, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Miriam Masia-Balague
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, SE-141 83, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Miao Zhao
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, SE-141 83, Huddinge, Sweden.,Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, SE-752 36, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Parisa Rabieifar
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, SE-141 83, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Neil Robertson
- Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Bearsden, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
| | - Raoul Kuiper
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-141 57, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Jonas Sjölund
- Division of Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, SE-223 81, Lund, Sweden
| | - Matthias Spiess
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, SE-141 83, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Pablo Hernández-Varas
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, SE-141 83, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Uta Rabenhorst
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, SE-141 83, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Pernilla Roswall
- Division of Vascular Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77, Solna, Sweden
| | - Ran Ma
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77, Solna, Sweden
| | - Xiaowei Gong
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, SE-141 83, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Johan Hartman
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77, Solna, Sweden
| | - Kristian Pietras
- Division of Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, SE-223 81, Lund, Sweden.,Division of Vascular Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77, Solna, Sweden
| | - Peter D Adams
- Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Bearsden, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK.,Institute of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK.,Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Paola Defilippi
- Department of Genetics, Biology and Biochemistry, University of Torino, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Staffan Strömblad
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, SE-141 83, Huddinge, Sweden.
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19
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Pantazi A, Quintanilla A, Hari P, Tarrats N, Parasyraki E, Dix FL, Patel J, Chandra T, Acosta JC, Finch AJ. Inhibition of the 60S ribosome biogenesis GTPase LSG1 causes endoplasmic reticular disruption and cellular senescence. Aging Cell 2019; 18:e12981. [PMID: 31148378 PMCID: PMC6612703 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 04/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is triggered by diverse stimuli and is characterized by long-term growth arrest and secretion of cytokines and chemokines (termed the SASP-senescence-associated secretory phenotype). Senescence can be organismally beneficial as it can prevent the propagation of damaged or mutated clones and stimulate their clearance by immune cells. However, it has recently become clear that senescence also contributes to the pathophysiology of aging through the accumulation of damaged cells within tissues. Here, we describe that inhibition of the reaction catalysed by LSG1, a GTPase involved in the biogenesis of the 60S ribosomal subunit, leads to a robust induction of cellular senescence. Perhaps surprisingly, this was not due to ribosome depletion or translational insufficiency, but rather through perturbation of endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis and a dramatic upregulation of the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway. The underlying transcriptomic signature is shared with several other forms of senescence, and the cholesterol biosynthesis genes contribute to the cell cycle arrest in oncogene-induced senescence. Furthermore, targeting of LSG1 resulted in amplification of the cholesterol/ER signature and restoration of a robust cellular senescence response in transformed cells, suggesting potential therapeutic uses of LSG1 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asimina Pantazi
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular MedicineUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Andrea Quintanilla
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular MedicineUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Priya Hari
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular MedicineUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Nuria Tarrats
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular MedicineUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Eleftheria Parasyraki
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular MedicineUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Flora L. Dix
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular MedicineUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Jaiyogesh Patel
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular MedicineUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Tamir Chandra
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular MedicineUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Juan Carlos Acosta
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular MedicineUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Andrew J. Finch
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular MedicineUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
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20
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Hari P, Millar FR, Tarrats N, Birch J, Quintanilla A, Rink CJ, Fernández-Duran I, Muir M, Finch AJ, Brunton VG, Passos JF, Morton JP, Boulter L, Acosta JC. The innate immune sensor Toll-like receptor 2 controls the senescence-associated secretory phenotype. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaaw0254. [PMID: 31183403 PMCID: PMC6551188 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaw0254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a stress response program characterized by a robust cell cycle arrest and the induction of a proinflammatory senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) that is triggered through an unknown mechanism. Here, we show that, during oncogene-induced senescence (OIS), the Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and its partner TLR10 are key mediators of senescence in vitro and in murine models. TLR2 promotes cell cycle arrest by regulating the tumor suppressors p53-p21CIP1, p16INK4a, and p15INK4b and regulates the SASP through the induction of the acute-phase serum amyloids A1 and A2 (A-SAAs) that, in turn, function as the damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) signaling through TLR2 in OIS. Last, we found evidence that the cGAS-STING cytosolic DNA sensing pathway primes TLR2 and A-SAAs expression in OIS. In summary, we report that innate immune sensing of senescence-associated DAMPs by TLR2 controls the SASP and reinforces the cell cycle arrest program in OIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Hari
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Fraser R. Millar
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Nuria Tarrats
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Jodie Birch
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University Institute for Ageing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK
| | - Andrea Quintanilla
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Curtis J. Rink
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
| | - Irene Fernández-Duran
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Morwenna Muir
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Andrew J. Finch
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Valerie G. Brunton
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - João F. Passos
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University Institute for Ageing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK
- Department of Physiology and Biochemical Engineering Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Jennifer P. Morton
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
| | - Luke Boulter
- MRC-Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Juan Carlos Acosta
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
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21
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Gong M, Yu Y, Liang L, Vuralli D, Froehler S, Kuehnen P, Du Bois P, Zhang J, Cao A, Liu Y, Hussain K, Fielitz J, Jia S, Chen W, Raile K. HDAC4 mutations cause diabetes and induce β-cell FoxO1 nuclear exclusion. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2019; 7:e602. [PMID: 30968599 PMCID: PMC6503015 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Studying patients with rare Mendelian diabetes has uncovered molecular mechanisms regulating β‐cell pathophysiology. Previous studies have shown that Class IIa histone deacetylases (HDAC4, 5, 7, and 9) modulate mammalian pancreatic endocrine cell function and glucose homeostasis. Methods We performed exome sequencing in one adolescent nonautoimmune diabetic patient and detected one de novo predicted disease‐causing HDAC4 variant (p.His227Arg). We screened our pediatric diabetes cohort with unknown etiology using Sanger sequencing. In mouse pancreatic β‐cell lines (Min6 and SJ cells), we performed insulin secretion assay and quantitative RT‐PCR to measure the β‐cell function transfected with the detected HDAC4 variants and wild type. We carried out immunostaining and Western blot to investigate if the detected HDAC4 variants affect the cellular translocation and acetylation status of Forkhead box protein O1 (FoxO1) in the pancreatic β‐cells. Results We discovered three HDAC4 mutations (p.His227Arg, p.Asp234Asn, and p.Glu374Lys) in unrelated individuals who had nonautoimmune diabetes with various degrees of β‐cell loss. In mouse pancreatic β‐cell lines, we found that these three HDAC4 mutations decrease insulin secretion, down‐regulate β‐cell‐specific transcriptional factors, and cause nuclear exclusion of acetylated FoxO1. Conclusion Mutations in HDAC4 disrupt the deacetylation of FoxO1, subsequently decrease the β‐cell function including insulin secretion, resulting in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maolian Gong
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin, Germany.,Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Yong Yu
- Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lei Liang
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin, Germany.,Department of Pediatrics, Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Dogus Vuralli
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Peter Kuehnen
- Institute for Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Philipp Du Bois
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Aidi Cao
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Khalid Hussain
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Paediatric Medicine, Sidra Medical & Research Center, OPC, Doha, Qatar
| | - Jens Fielitz
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Greifswald & Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Shiqi Jia
- Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.,The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Klemens Raile
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin, Germany.,Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Charité, Berlin, Germany
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22
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Buhl JL, Selt F, Hielscher T, Guiho R, Ecker J, Sahm F, Ridinger J, Riehl D, Usta D, Ismer B, Sommerkamp AC, Martinez-Barbera JP, Wefers AK, Remke M, Picard D, Pusch S, Gronych J, Oehme I, van Tilburg CM, Kool M, Kuhn D, Capper D, von Deimling A, Schuhmann MU, Herold-Mende C, Korshunov A, Brummer T, Pfister SM, Jones DTW, Witt O, Milde T. The Senescence-associated Secretory Phenotype Mediates Oncogene-induced Senescence in Pediatric Pilocytic Astrocytoma. Clin Cancer Res 2019; 25:1851-1866. [PMID: 30530705 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-1965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Pilocytic astrocytoma is the most common childhood brain tumor, characterized by constitutive MAPK activation. MAPK signaling induces oncogene-induced senescence (OIS), which may cause unpredictable growth behavior of pilocytic astrocytomas. The senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) has been shown to regulate OIS, but its role in pilocytic astrocytoma remains unknown.Experimental Design: The patient-derived pilocytic astrocytoma cell culture model, DKFZ-BT66, was used to demonstrate presence of the SASP and analyze its impact on OIS in pilocytic astrocytoma. The model allows for doxycycline-inducible switching between proliferation and OIS. Both states were studied using gene expression profiling (GEP), Western blot, ELISA, and cell viability testing. Primary pilocytic astrocytoma tumors were analyzed by GEP and multiplex assay. RESULTS SASP factors were upregulated in primary human and murine pilocytic astrocytoma and during OIS in DKFZ-BT66 cells. Conditioned medium induced growth arrest of proliferating pilocytic astrocytoma cells. The SASP factors IL1B and IL6 were upregulated in primary pilocytic astrocytoma, and both pathways were regulated during OIS in DKFZ-BT66. Stimulation with rIL1B but not rIL6 reduced growth of DKFZ-BT66 cells and induced the SASP. Anti-inflammatory treatment with dexamethasone induced regrowth of senescent cells and inhibited the SASP. Senescent DKFZ-BT66 cells responded to senolytic BCL2 inhibitors. High IL1B and SASP expression in pilocytic astrocytoma tumors was associated with favorable progression-free survival. CONCLUSIONS We provide evidence for the SASP regulating OIS in pediatric pilocytic astrocytoma, with IL1B as a relevant mediator. SASP expression could enable prediction of progression in patients with pilocytic astrocytoma. Further investigation of the SASP driving the unpredictable growth of pilocytic astrocytomas, and its possible therapeutic application, is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane L Buhl
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Pediatric Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Florian Selt
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Pediatric Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
- KiTZ Clinical Trial Unit (ZIPO), Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Hielscher
- Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Romain Guiho
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, Birth Defects Research Centre, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Jonas Ecker
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Pediatric Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
- KiTZ Clinical Trial Unit (ZIPO), Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Felix Sahm
- Department of Neuropathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Johannes Ridinger
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Pediatric Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dennis Riehl
- Immune Monitoring Unit, DKFZ/NCT, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Diren Usta
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Pediatric Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Britta Ismer
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Pediatric Glioma Research Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexander C Sommerkamp
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Pediatric Glioma Research Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - J P Martinez-Barbera
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, Birth Defects Research Centre, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Annika K Wefers
- Department of Neuropathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marc Remke
- Department of Pediatric Neuro-Oncogenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, and German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Neuropathology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Daniel Picard
- Department of Pediatric Neuro-Oncogenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, and German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Neuropathology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Stefan Pusch
- Department of Neuropathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jan Gronych
- Division of Molecular Genetics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ina Oehme
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Pediatric Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Cornelis M van Tilburg
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Pediatric Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
- KiTZ Clinical Trial Unit (ZIPO), Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marcel Kool
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniela Kuhn
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Pediatric Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David Capper
- Department of Neuropathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Neuropathology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas von Deimling
- Department of Neuropathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin U Schuhmann
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Andrey Korshunov
- Department of Neuropathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tilman Brummer
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research (IMMZ), Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany, Centre for Biological Signalling Studies BIOSS, University of Freiburg and German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), Freiburg, Germany, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan M Pfister
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- KiTZ Clinical Trial Unit (ZIPO), Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David T W Jones
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Pediatric Glioma Research Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Olaf Witt
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Pediatric Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
- KiTZ Clinical Trial Unit (ZIPO), Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Till Milde
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Pediatric Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
- KiTZ Clinical Trial Unit (ZIPO), Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
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23
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Lopes-Paciencia S, Saint-Germain E, Rowell MC, Ruiz AF, Kalegari P, Ferbeyre G. The senescence-associated secretory phenotype and its regulation. Cytokine 2019; 117:15-22. [PMID: 30776684 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2019.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 267] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) defines the ability of senescent cells to express and secrete a variety of extracellular modulators that includes cytokines, chemokines, proteases, growth factors and bioactive lipids. The role of the SASP depends on the context. The SASP reinforces the senescent cell cycle arrest, stimulates the immune-mediated clearance of potentially tumorigenic cells, limits fibrosis and promotes wound healing and tissue regeneration. On the other hand, the SASP can mediate chronic inflammation and stimulate the growth and survival of tumor cells. The regulation of the SASP occurs at multiple levels including chromatin remodelling, activation of specific transcription factors such as C/EBP and NF-κB, control of mRNA translation and intracellular trafficking. Several SASP modulators have already been identified setting the stage for future research on their clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Lopes-Paciencia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada; CRCHUM, 900 Saint-Denis - Room R10.432, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Emmanuelle Saint-Germain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada; CRCHUM, 900 Saint-Denis - Room R10.432, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Marie-Camille Rowell
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada; CRCHUM, 900 Saint-Denis - Room R10.432, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Ana Fernández Ruiz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada; CRCHUM, 900 Saint-Denis - Room R10.432, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Paloma Kalegari
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada; CRCHUM, 900 Saint-Denis - Room R10.432, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Gerardo Ferbeyre
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada; CRCHUM, 900 Saint-Denis - Room R10.432, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada.
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24
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Yu Y, Qi J, Xiong J, Jiang L, Cui D, He J, Chen P, Li L, Wu C, Ma T, Shao S, Wang J, Yu D, Zhou B, Huang D, Schmitt CA, Tao R. Epigenetic Co-Deregulation of EZH2/TET1 is a Senescence-Countering, Actionable Vulnerability in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Am J Cancer Res 2019; 9:761-777. [PMID: 30809307 PMCID: PMC6376470 DOI: 10.7150/thno.29520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells lack the expression of ER, PR and HER2. Thus, TNBC patients cannot benefit from hormone receptor-targeted therapy as non-TNBC patients, but can only receive chemotherapy as the systemic treatment and have a worse overall outcome. More effective therapeutic targets and combination therapy strategies are urgently needed to improve the treatment effectiveness. Methods: We analyzed the expression levels of EZH2 and TET1 in TCGA and our own breast cancer patient cohort, and tested their correlation with patient survival. We used TNBC and non-TNBC cell lines and mouse xenograft tumor model to unveil novel EZH2 targets and investigated the effect of EZH2 inhibition or TET1 overexpression in cell proliferation and viability of TNBC cells. Results: In TNBC cells, EZH2 decreases TET1 expression by H3K27me3 epigenetic regulation and subsequently suppresses anti-tumor p53 signaling pathway. Patients with high EZH2 and low TET1 presented the poorest survival outcome. Experimentally, targeting EZH2 in TNBC cells with specific inhibitor GSK343 or shRNA genetic approach could induce cell cycle arrest and senescence by elevating TET1 expression and p53 pathway activation. Using mouse xenograft model, we have tested a novel therapy strategy to combine GSK343 and chemotherapy drug Adriamycin and could show drastic and robust inhibition of TNBC tumor growth by synergistic induction of senescence and apoptosis. Conclusions: We postulate that the well-controlled dynamic pathway EZH2-H3K27me3-TET1 is a novel epigenetic co-regulator module and provide evidence regarding how to exploit it as a novel therapeutic target via its pivotal role in senescence and apoptosis control. Of clinical and therapeutic significance, the present study opens a new avenue for TNBC treatment by targeting the EZH2-H3K27me3-TET1 pathway that can modulate the epigenetic landscape.
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25
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The dynamic nature of senescence in cancer. Nat Cell Biol 2019; 21:94-101. [PMID: 30602768 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-018-0249-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 360] [Impact Index Per Article: 72.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cellular senescence is implicated in physiological and pathological processes spanning development, wound healing, age-related decline in organ functions and cancer. Here, we discuss cell-autonomous and non-cell-autonomous properties of senescence in the context of tumour formation and anticancer therapy, and characterize these properties, such as reprogramming into stemness, tissue remodelling and immune crosstalk, as far more dynamic than suggested by the common view of senescence as an irreversible, static condition.
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26
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Abstract
A cell's genomic integrity is at risk when DNA-damaging stress, evoked by mitogenic oncogenes or genotoxic treatment modalities such as radiation or chemotherapy, apply. If the DNA repair machinery fails to fix the damaged site during a temporary cell-cycle arrest, or if massive genotoxic stress overwhelmed the repair capacity, cellular failsafe programs such as apoptosis or senescence will be triggered to limit aberrant propagation of these damaged and potentially harmful cells. After decades of scientific focusing on apoptosis, cellular senescence is increasingly recognized as an equally important but biologically and fundamentally different type of ultimate cell-cycle exit program, because of its lastingly persistent nature and cell-intrinsic and extrinsic roles within the tissue and tumor microenvironment. We established primary apoptosis-compromised, Bcl2-expressing Eμ-myc transgenic mouse lymphomas as a versatile and clinically relevant model system to study therapy-induced senescence (TIS). Given the lack of a single specific senescence-defining marker, we previously exploited co-staining of senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) activity with immunohistochemical detection of trimethylated histone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9me3), an established S-phase gene expression-controlling, repressive chromatin mark, and the proliferation marker Ki67. This biomarker panel is instrumental to characterize cells as senescent via their high SA-β-gal activity, strong nuclear H3K9me3 expression and Ki67-negative profile. In this chapter, we demonstrate the detection of viable senescent cells by novel methods based on a fluorescent version of the SA-β-gal (fSA-β-gal) assay, combined with immuno-fluoroscence staining of H3K9me3 or Ki67, or analysis of the DNA replication status by incorporating 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) detection into the protocol. Notably, while most senescence markers, irrespective of their specificity and sensitivity, may only be assessed in endpoint assays, we would like to emphasize here the strength of viable fSA-β-gal to track single-cell fate in senescent populations over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorothy N Y Fan
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Molekulares Krebsforschungszentrum - MKFZ, Charité - University Medical Center, Berlin, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum [DKFZ]), Heidelberg, Germany.,Deutsches Konsortium für Translationale Krebsforschung (German Cancer Consortium), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Clemens A Schmitt
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Molekulares Krebsforschungszentrum - MKFZ, Charité - University Medical Center, Berlin, Germany. .,Deutsches Konsortium für Translationale Krebsforschung (German Cancer Consortium), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany. .,Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.
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27
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Milanovic M, Yu Y, Schmitt CA. The Senescence-Stemness Alliance - A Cancer-Hijacked Regeneration Principle. Trends Cell Biol 2018; 28:1049-1061. [PMID: 30253901 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Activated oncogenes or anticancer therapies evoke senescent cell-cycle arrest in (pre-)malignant cells, thereby interrupting tumor formation or progression. Physiologically, cellular senescence contributes to embryonic development and tissue regeneration. These observations and the overlap of numerous gene products in senescence and stem cell signaling prompted investigations into whether epigenetic establishment of the senescent state may concomitantly reprogram the cell into a latent stem-like condition, whose functional impact becomes evident when arrested cells resume proliferation. We review here recent discoveries underscoring the unexpected senescence-stemness alliance, elucidate underlying molecular mechanisms, and discuss its fundamentally different implications in normal tissue repair - to replenish the exhausted repopulation capacity - as compared to cancer biology, where usurpation of this natural principle accounts for particularly aggressive tumor behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Milanovic
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; Medical Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, and Molekulares Krebsforschungszentrum (MKFZ), Virchow Campus, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Yong Yu
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Clemens A Schmitt
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; Medical Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, and Molekulares Krebsforschungszentrum (MKFZ), Virchow Campus, 13353 Berlin, Germany; Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany; Deutsches Konsortium für Translationale Krebsforschung (German Cancer Consortium), Partner Site Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health, Anna-Louisa-Karsch-Straße 2, 10178 Berlin, Germany.
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28
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Cheng C, Ji Z, Sheng Y, Wang J, Sun Y, Zhao H, Li X, Wang X, He Y, Yao J, Wang L, Zhang C, Guo Y, Zhang J, Gao WQ, Zhu HH. Aphthous ulcer drug inhibits prostate tumor metastasis by targeting IKKɛ/TBK1/NF-κB signaling. Am J Cancer Res 2018; 8:4633-4648. [PMID: 30279728 PMCID: PMC6160770 DOI: 10.7150/thno.26687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor metastasis is the major cause of death for prostate cancer (PCa) patients. However, the treatment options for metastatic PCa are very limited. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been reported to be an indispensable step for tumor metastasis and is suggested to associate with acquisition of cancer stem cell (CSC) attributes. We propose that small-molecule compounds that can reverse EMT or induce mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) of PCa cells may serve as drug candidates for anti-metastasis therapy. Methods: The promoters of CDH1 and VIM genes were sub-cloned to drive the expression of firefly and renilla luciferase reporter in a lentiviral vector. Mesenchymal-like PCa cells were infected with the luciferase reporter lentivirus and subjected to drug screening from a 1274 approved small-molecule drug library for the identification of agents to reverse EMT. The dosage-dependent effect of candidate compounds was confirmed by luciferase reporter assay and immunoblotting. Wound-healing assay, sphere formation, transwell migration assay, and in vivo intracardiac and orthotopic tumor xenograft experiments were used to evaluate the mobility, metastasis and tumor initiating capacity of PCa cells upon treatment. Possible downstream signaling pathways affected by the candidate compound treatment were analyzed by RNA sequencing and immunoblotting. Results: Drug screening identified Amlexanox, a drug used for recurrent aphthous ulcers, as a strong agent to reverse EMT. Amlexanox induced significant suppression of cell mobility, invasion, serial sphere formation and in vivo metastasis and tumor initiating capacity of PCa cells. Amlexanox treatment led to downregulation of the IKK-ɛ/ TBK1/ NF-κB signaling pathway. The effect of Amlexanox on EMT reversion and cell mobility inhibition can be mimicked by other IKK-ɛ/TBK1 inhibitors and rescued by reconstitution of dominant active NF-κB. Conclusions: Amlexanox can sufficiently suppress PCa metastasis by reversing EMT through downregulating the IKK-ɛ/TBK1/NF-κB signaling axis.
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29
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Shakeri H, Lemmens K, Gevaert AB, De Meyer GRY, Segers VFM. Cellular senescence links aging and diabetes in cardiovascular disease. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2018; 315:H448-H462. [PMID: 29750567 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00287.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Aging is a powerful independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis and heart failure. Concomitant diabetes mellitus strongly reinforces this effect of aging on cardiovascular disease. Cellular senescence is a fundamental mechanism of aging and appears to play a crucial role in the onset and prognosis of cardiovascular disease in the context of both aging and diabetes. Senescent cells are in a state of cell cycle arrest but remain metabolically active by secreting inflammatory factors. This senescence-associated secretory phenotype is a trigger of chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, and decreased nitric oxide bioavailability. A complex interplay between these three mechanisms results in age- and diabetes-associated cardiovascular damage. In this review, we summarize current knowledge on cellular senescence and its secretory phenotype, which might be the missing link between aging and diabetes contributing to cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadis Shakeri
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, University of Antwerp , Antwerp , Belgium
| | - Katrien Lemmens
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, University of Antwerp , Antwerp , Belgium
| | - Andreas B Gevaert
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, University of Antwerp , Antwerp , Belgium.,Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Guido R Y De Meyer
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, University of Antwerp , Antwerp , Belgium
| | - Vincent F M Segers
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, University of Antwerp , Antwerp , Belgium.,Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium
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30
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Yu Y, Schleich K, Yue B, Ji S, Lohneis P, Kemper K, Silvis MR, Qutob N, van Rooijen E, Werner-Klein M, Li L, Dhawan D, Meierjohann S, Reimann M, Elkahloun A, Treitschke S, Dörken B, Speck C, Mallette FA, Zon LI, Holmen SL, Peeper DS, Samuels Y, Schmitt CA, Lee S. Targeting the Senescence-Overriding Cooperative Activity of Structurally Unrelated H3K9 Demethylases in Melanoma. Cancer Cell 2018; 33:322-336.e8. [PMID: 29438700 PMCID: PMC5977991 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2018.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2015] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Oncogene-induced senescence, e.g., in melanocytic nevi, terminates the expansion of pre-malignant cells via transcriptional silencing of proliferation-related genes due to decoration of their promoters with repressive trimethylated histone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9) marks. We show here that structurally distinct H3K9-active demethylases-the lysine-specific demethylase-1 (LSD1) and several Jumonji C domain-containing moieties (such as JMJD2C)-disable senescence and permit Ras/Braf-evoked transformation. In mouse and zebrafish models, enforced LSD1 or JMJD2C expression promoted Braf-V600E-driven melanomagenesis. A large subset of established melanoma cell lines and primary human melanoma samples presented with a collective upregulation of related and unrelated H3K9 demethylase activities, whose targeted inhibition restored senescence, even in Braf inhibitor-resistant melanomas, evoked secondary immune effects and controlled tumor growth in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Yu
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Kolja Schleich
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Medical Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Virchow Campus, and Molekulares Krebsforschungszentrum, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Bin Yue
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Medical Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Virchow Campus, and Molekulares Krebsforschungszentrum, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sujuan Ji
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Medical Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Virchow Campus, and Molekulares Krebsforschungszentrum, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Philipp Lohneis
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Pathology, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Kristel Kemper
- Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mark R Silvis
- Department of Surgery, University of Utah Health Sciences Center & Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Nouar Qutob
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Ellen van Rooijen
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stem Cell Program and the Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Melanie Werner-Klein
- Regensburg Center for Interventional Immunology (RCI) and University Medical Center of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; Experimental Medicine and Therapy Research, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Lianjie Li
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Medical Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Virchow Campus, and Molekulares Krebsforschungszentrum, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Dhriti Dhawan
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Medical Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Virchow Campus, and Molekulares Krebsforschungszentrum, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Svenja Meierjohann
- University of Würzburg, Physiological Chemistry, Biocenter, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Maurice Reimann
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Medical Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Virchow Campus, and Molekulares Krebsforschungszentrum, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Abdel Elkahloun
- National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Steffi Treitschke
- Fraunhofer-Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Bernd Dörken
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, 13125 Berlin, Germany; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Medical Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Virchow Campus, and Molekulares Krebsforschungszentrum, 13353 Berlin, Germany; Deutsches Konsortium für Translationale Krebsforschung (German Cancer Consortium), Partner Site Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Speck
- Institute of Clinical Sciences (ICS), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, and MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences (LMS), London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Frédérick A Mallette
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Centre, Montréal, QC H1T 2M4, Canada
| | - Leonard I Zon
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stem Cell Program and the Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Sheri L Holmen
- Department of Surgery, University of Utah Health Sciences Center & Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Daniel S Peeper
- Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Yardena Samuels
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Clemens A Schmitt
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, 13125 Berlin, Germany; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Medical Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Virchow Campus, and Molekulares Krebsforschungszentrum, 13353 Berlin, Germany; Deutsches Konsortium für Translationale Krebsforschung (German Cancer Consortium), Partner Site Berlin, Germany.
| | - Soyoung Lee
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, 13125 Berlin, Germany; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Medical Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Virchow Campus, and Molekulares Krebsforschungszentrum, 13353 Berlin, Germany; Deutsches Konsortium für Translationale Krebsforschung (German Cancer Consortium), Partner Site Berlin, Germany
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31
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Simon PS, Bardhan K, Chen MR, Paschall AV, Lu C, Bollag RJ, Kong FC, Jin J, Kong FM, Waller JL, Pollock RE, Liu K. NF-κB functions as a molecular link between tumor cells and Th1/Tc1 T cells in the tumor microenvironment to exert radiation-mediated tumor suppression. Oncotarget 2018; 7:23395-415. [PMID: 27014915 PMCID: PMC5029635 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Accepted: 02/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation modulates both tumor cells and immune cells in the tumor microenvironment to exert its anti-tumor activity; however, the molecular connection between tumor cells and immune cells that mediates radiation-exerted tumor suppression activity in the tumor microenvironment is largely unknown. We report here that radiation induces rapid activation of the p65/p50 and p50/p50 NF-κB complexes in human soft tissue sarcoma (STS) cells. Radiation-activated p65/p50 and p50/p50 bind to the TNFα promoter to activate its transcription in STS cells. Radiation-induced TNFα induces tumor cell death in an autocrine manner. A sublethal dose of Smac mimetic BV6 induces cIAP1 and cIAP2 degradation to increase tumor cell sensitivity to radiation-induced cell death in vitro and to enhance radiation-mediated suppression of STS xenografts in vivo. Inhibition of caspases, RIP1, or RIP3 blocks radiation/TNFα-induced cell death, whereas inhibition of RIP1 blocks TNFα-induced caspase activation, suggesting that caspases and RIP1 act sequentially to mediate the non-compensatory cell death pathways. Furthermore, we determined in a syngeneic sarcoma mouse model that radiation up-regulates IRF3, IFNβ, and the T cell chemokines CCL2 and CCL5 in the tumor microenvironment, which are associated with activation and increased infiltration of Th1/Tc1 T cells in the tumor microenvironment. Moreover, tumor-infiltrating T cells are in their active form since both the perforin and FasL pathways are activated in irradiated tumor tissues. Consequently, combined BV6 and radiation completely suppressed tumor growth in vivo. Therefore, radiation-induced NF-κB functions as a molecular link between tumor cells and immune cells in the tumor microenvironment for radiation-mediated tumor suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscilla S Simon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA.,Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Kankana Bardhan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - May R Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Amy V Paschall
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA.,Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Chunwan Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA.,Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Roni J Bollag
- Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Feng-Chong Kong
- Radiation Oncology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA.,Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - JianYue Jin
- Radiation Oncology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA.,Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Feng-Ming Kong
- Radiation Oncology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA.,Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Jennifer L Waller
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA
| | | | - Kebin Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA.,Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA
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32
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Abstract
Activation of oncogenic signaling paradoxically results in the permanent withdrawal from cell cycle and induction of senescence (oncogene-induced senescence (OIS)). OIS is a fail-safe mechanism used by the cells to prevent uncontrolled tumor growth, and, as such, it is considered as the first barrier against cancer. In order to progress, tumor cells thus need to first overcome the senescent phenotype. Despite the increasing attention gained by OIS in the past 20 years, this field is still rather young due to continuous emergence of novel pathways and processes involved in OIS. Among the many factors contributing to incomplete understanding of OIS are the lack of unequivocal markers for senescence and the complexity of the phenotypes revealed by senescent cells in vivo and in vitro. OIS has been shown to play major roles at both the cellular and organismal levels in biological processes ranging from embryonic development to barrier to cancer progression. Here we will briefly outline major advances in methodologies that are being utilized for induction, identification, and characterization of molecular processes in cells undergoing oncogene-induced senescence. The full description of such methodologies is provided in the corresponding chapters of the book.
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33
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Senescence-associated reprogramming promotes cancer stemness. Nature 2017; 553:96-100. [DOI: 10.1038/nature25167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 492] [Impact Index Per Article: 70.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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34
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Abstract
Cellular senescence is a natural barrier to tumorigenesis and it contributes to the antitumor effects of several therapies, including radiation and chemotherapeutic drugs. Senescence also plays an important role in aging, fibrosis, and tissue repair. The DNA damage response is a key event leading to senescence, which is characterized by the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) that includes expression of inflammatory cytokines. Here we show that cGMP-AMP (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS), a cytosolic DNA sensor that activates innate immunity, is essential for senescence. Deletion of cGAS accelerated the spontaneous immortalization of mouse embryonic fibroblasts. cGAS deletion also abrogated SASP induced by spontaneous immortalization or DNA damaging agents, including radiation and etoposide. cGAS is localized in the cytoplasm of nondividing cells but enters the nucleus and associates with chromatin DNA during mitosis in proliferating cells. DNA damage leads to accumulation of damaged DNA in cytoplasmic foci that contain cGAS. In human lung adenocarcinoma patients, low expression of cGAS is correlated with poor survival. These results indicate that cGAS mediates cellular senescence and retards immortalization. This is distinct from, and complementary to, the role of cGAS in activating antitumor immunity.
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35
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Abstract
Therapy-induced senescence (TIS), a lasting chemotherapy-evoked proliferative arrest of tumor cells, has gained increasing attention by cancer researchers because of its' profound biological implications, and by clinical oncologists due to its potential contribution to the long-term outcome of cancer patients post-treatment. Although both apoptosis and senescence represent therapy-inducible, ultimate cell-cycle exit programs, mediated via DNA damage response signaling, apoptotic cell death as the faster and often quantitatively more prominent tumor response has been in the scientific focus for decades. The more recently recognized TIS as another "safeguard" response of cancer cells that were never primed for or failed to execute apoptosis, not only reflects a more complex "arrest-plus-other features" cell-autonomous condition but produces non-cell-autonomous phenotypes at the tumor site, collectively impinging on tumor control and clinical outcome. Hence, TIS research is gaining pivotal interest from both a tumor biological and a therapeutic perspective, and the development of non-DNA damaging, senescence-evoking therapeutics is about to become a major research objective. In this chapter, we describe a well-characterized, genetically controlled TIS model system based on primary BCL2-expressing Eμ-myc transgenic lymphoma cells harboring defined genetic lesions and provide protocols for co-staining of either senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) activity or trimethylated lysine 9 of histone H3 (H3K9me3) together with Ki67 to detect the senescent status of therapy-exposed cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorothy N Y Fan
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Campus Virchow Clinic, Charité-University Medical Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - Clemens A Schmitt
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Campus Virchow Clinic, Charité-University Medical Center, Berlin, Germany.
- Molekulares Krebsforschungszentrum-MKFZ, Berlin, Germany.
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, Berlin, 13125, Germany.
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36
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Synergistic cytotoxic effects of bortezomib and CK2 inhibitor CX-4945 in acute lymphoblastic leukemia: turning off the prosurvival ER chaperone BIP/Grp78 and turning on the pro-apoptotic NF-κB. Oncotarget 2016; 7:1323-40. [PMID: 26593250 PMCID: PMC4811463 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The proteasome inhibitor bortezomib is a new targeted treatment option for refractory or relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients. However, a limited efficacy of bortezomib alone has been reported. A terminal pro-apoptotic endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress/unfolded protein response (UPR) is one of the several mechanisms of bortezomib-induced apoptosis. Recently, it has been documented that UPR disruption could be considered a selective anti-leukemia therapy. CX-4945, a potent casein kinase (CK) 2 inhibitor, has been found to induce apoptotic cell death in T-ALL preclinical models, via perturbation of ER/UPR pathway. In this study, we analyzed in T- and B-ALL preclinical settings, the molecular mechanisms of synergistic apoptotic effects observed after bortezomib/CX-4945 combined treatment. We demonstrated that, adding CX-4945 after bortezomib treatment, prevented leukemic cells from engaging a functional UPR in order to buffer the bortezomib-mediated proteotoxic stress in ER lumen. We documented that the combined treatment decreased pro-survival ER chaperon BIP/Grp78 expression, via reduction of chaperoning activity of Hsp90. Bortezomib/CX-4945 treatment inhibited NF-κB signaling in T-ALL cell lines and primary cells from T-ALL patients, but, intriguingly, in B-ALL cells the drug combination activated NF-κB p65 pro-apoptotic functions. In fact in B-cells, the combined treatment induced p65-HDAC1 association with consequent repression of the anti-apoptotic target genes, Bcl-xL and XIAP. Exposure to NEMO (IKKγ)-binding domain inhibitor peptide reduced the cytotoxic effects of bortezomib/CX-4945 treatment. Overall, our findings demonstrated that CK2 inhibition could be useful in combination with bortezomib as a novel therapeutic strategy in both T- and B-ALL.
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37
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Wang H, Han L, Zhao G, Shen H, Wang P, Sun Z, Xu C, Su Y, Li G, Tong T, Chen J. hnRNP A1 antagonizes cellular senescence and senescence-associated secretory phenotype via regulation of SIRT1 mRNA stability. Aging Cell 2016; 15:1063-1073. [PMID: 27613566 PMCID: PMC6398525 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Senescent cells display a senescence‐associated secretory phenotype (SASP) which contributes to tumor suppression, aging, and cancer. However, the underlying mechanisms for SASP regulation are not fully elucidated. SIRT1, a nicotinamide adenosine dinucleotide‐dependent deacetylase, plays multiple roles in metabolism, inflammatory response, and longevity, etc. However, its posttranscriptional regulation and its roles in cellular senescence and SASP regulation are still elusive. Here, we identify the RNA‐binding protein hnRNP A1 as a posttranscriptional regulator of SIRT1, as well as cell senescence and SASP regulator. hnRNP A1 directly interacts with the 3′ untranslated region of SIRT1 mRNA, promotes its stability, and increases SIRT1 expression. hnRNP A1 delays replicative cellular senescence and prevents from Ras OIS via upregulation of SIRT1 expression to deacetylate NF‐κB, thus blunting its transcriptional activity and subsequent IL‐6/IL‐8 induction. hnRNP A1 overexpression promotes cell transformation and tumorigenesis in a SIRT1‐dependent manner. Together, our findings unveil a novel posttranscriptional regulation of SIRT1 by hnRNP A1 and uncover a critical role of hnRNP A1‐SIRT1–NF‐κB pathway in regulating cellular senescence and SASP expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Peking University Research Center on Aging Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Peking University Health Science Center Beijing China
| | - Limin Han
- Peking University Research Center on Aging Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Peking University Health Science Center Beijing China
| | - Ganye Zhao
- Peking University Research Center on Aging Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Peking University Health Science Center Beijing China
| | - Hong Shen
- Peking University Research Center on Aging Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Peking University Health Science Center Beijing China
| | - Pengfeng Wang
- Peking University Research Center on Aging Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Peking University Health Science Center Beijing China
| | - Zhaomeng Sun
- Peking University Research Center on Aging Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Peking University Health Science Center Beijing China
| | - Chenzhong Xu
- Peking University Research Center on Aging Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Peking University Health Science Center Beijing China
| | - Yuanyuan Su
- Peking University Research Center on Aging Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Peking University Health Science Center Beijing China
| | - Guodong Li
- Peking University Research Center on Aging Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Peking University Health Science Center Beijing China
| | - Tanjun Tong
- Peking University Research Center on Aging Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Peking University Health Science Center Beijing China
| | - Jun Chen
- Peking University Research Center on Aging Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Peking University Health Science Center Beijing China
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Lesina M, Wörmann SM, Morton J, Diakopoulos KN, Korneeva O, Wimmer M, Einwächter H, Sperveslage J, Demir IE, Kehl T, Saur D, Sipos B, Heikenwälder M, Steiner JM, Wang TC, Sansom OJ, Schmid RM, Algül H. RelA regulates CXCL1/CXCR2-dependent oncogene-induced senescence in murine Kras-driven pancreatic carcinogenesis. J Clin Invest 2016; 126:2919-32. [PMID: 27454298 PMCID: PMC4966329 DOI: 10.1172/jci86477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor suppression that is mediated by oncogene-induced senescence (OIS) is considered to function as a safeguard during development of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, the mechanisms that regulate OIS in PDAC are poorly understood. Here, we have determined that nuclear RelA reinforces OIS to inhibit carcinogenesis in the Kras mouse model of PDAC. Inactivation of RelA accelerated pancreatic lesion formation in Kras mice by abrogating the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) gene transcription signature. Using genetic and pharmacological tools, we determined that RelA activation promotes OIS via elevation of the SASP factor CXCL1 (also known as KC), which activates CXCR2, during pancreatic carcinogenesis. In Kras mice, pancreas-specific inactivation of CXCR2 prevented OIS and was correlated with increased tumor proliferation and decreased survival. Moreover, reductions in CXCR2 levels were associated with advanced neoplastic lesions in tissue from human pancreatic specimens. Genetically disabling OIS in Kras mice caused RelA to promote tumor proliferation, suggesting a dual role for RelA signaling in pancreatic carcinogenesis. Taken together, our data suggest a pivotal role for RelA in regulating OIS in preneoplastic lesions and implicate the RelA/CXCL1/CXCR2 axis as an essential mechanism of tumor surveillance in PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Lesina
- II. Medizinische Klinik, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Sonja Maria Wörmann
- II. Medizinische Klinik, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Jennifer Morton
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Department of Pathology, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | | | - Olga Korneeva
- II. Medizinische Klinik, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Margit Wimmer
- II. Medizinische Klinik, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Henrik Einwächter
- II. Medizinische Klinik, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Ihsan Ekin Demir
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Timo Kehl
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dieter Saur
- II. Medizinische Klinik, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Bence Sipos
- Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Mathias Heikenwälder
- Institute of Virology, Technische Universität München, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jörg Manfred Steiner
- II. Medizinische Klinik, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Timothy Cragin Wang
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Irving Cancer Research Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Owen J. Sansom
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Department of Pathology, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Roland Michael Schmid
- II. Medizinische Klinik, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Hana Algül
- II. Medizinische Klinik, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
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Pantsulaia I, Ciszewski WM, Niewiarowska J. Senescent endothelial cells: Potential modulators of immunosenescence and ageing. Ageing Res Rev 2016; 29:13-25. [PMID: 27235855 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2016.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2016] [Revised: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated that the accumulation of senescent endothelial cells may be the primary cause of cardiovascular diseases. Because of their multifunctional properties, endothelial cells actively take part in stimulating the immune system and inflammation. In addition, ageing is characterized by the progressive deterioration of immune cells and a decline in the activation of the immune response. This results in a loss of the primary function of the immune system, which is eliminating damaged/senescent cells and neutralizing potential sources of harmful inflammatory reactions. In this review, we discuss cellular senescence and the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) of endothelial cells and summarize the link between endothelial cells and immunosenescence. We describe the possibility that age-related changes in Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and microRNAs can affect the phenotypes of senescent endothelial cells and immune cells via a negative feedback loop aimed at restraining the excessive pro-inflammatory response. This review also addresses the following questions: how do senescent endothelial cells influence ageing or age-related changes in the inflammatory burden; what is the connection between ECs and immunosenescence, and what are the crucial hypothetical pathways linking endothelial cells and the immune system during ageing.
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Hunter JE, Butterworth JA, Zhao B, Sellier H, Campbell KJ, Thomas HD, Bacon CM, Cockell SJ, Gewurz BE, Perkins ND. The NF-κB subunit c-Rel regulates Bach2 tumour suppressor expression in B-cell lymphoma. Oncogene 2016; 35:3476-84. [PMID: 26522720 PMCID: PMC4853301 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Revised: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The REL gene, encoding the NF-κB subunit c-Rel, is frequently amplified in B-cell lymphoma and functions as a tumour-promoting transcription factor. Here we report the surprising result that c-rel-/- mice display significantly earlier lymphomagenesis in the c-Myc driven, Eμ-Myc model of B-cell lymphoma. c-Rel loss also led to earlier onset of disease in a separate TCL1-Tg-driven lymphoma model. Tumour reimplantation experiments indicated that this is an effect intrinsic to the Eμ-Myc lymphoma cells but, counterintuitively, c-rel-/- Eμ-Myc lymphoma cells were more sensitive to apoptotic stimuli. To learn more about why loss of c-Rel led to earlier onset of disease, microarray gene expression analysis was performed on B cells from 4-week-old, wild-type and c-rel-/- Eμ-Myc mice. Extensive changes in gene expression were not seen at this age, but among those transcripts significantly downregulated by the loss of c-Rel was the B-cell tumour suppressor BTB and CNC homology 2 (Bach2). Quantitative PCR and western blot analysis confirmed loss of Bach2 in c-Rel mutant Eμ-Myc tumours at both 4 weeks and the terminal stages of disease. Moreover, Bach2 expression was also downregulated in c-rel-/- TCL1-Tg mice and RelA Thr505Ala mutant Eμ-Myc mice. Analysis of wild-type Eμ-Myc mice demonstrated that the population expressing low levels of Bach2 exhibited the earlier onset of lymphoma seen in c-rel-/- mice. Confirming the relevance of these findings to human disease, analysis of chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing data revealed that Bach2 is a c-Rel and NF-κB target gene in transformed human B cells, whereas treatment of Burkitt's lymphoma cells with inhibitors of the NF-κB/IκB kinase pathway or deletion of c-Rel or RelA resulted in loss of Bach2 expression. These data reveal a surprising tumour suppressor role for c-Rel in lymphoma development explained by regulation of Bach2 expression, underlining the context-dependent complexity of NF-κB signalling in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Hunter
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences (ICaMB), Newcastle University Medical School, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - J A Butterworth
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences (ICaMB), Newcastle University Medical School, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - B Zhao
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - H Sellier
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences (ICaMB), Newcastle University Medical School, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - K J Campbell
- The Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Glasgow, UK
| | - H D Thomas
- Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - C M Bacon
- Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - S J Cockell
- Bioinformatics Support Unit, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - B E Gewurz
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - N D Perkins
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences (ICaMB), Newcastle University Medical School, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
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Fernandes MT, Dejardin E, dos Santos NR. Context-dependent roles for lymphotoxin-β receptor signaling in cancer development. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2016; 1865:204-19. [PMID: 26923876 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2016.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2015] [Revised: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The LTα1β2 and LIGHT TNF superfamily cytokines exert pleiotropic physiological functions through the activation of their cognate lymphotoxin-β receptor (LTβR). Interestingly, since the discovery of these proteins, accumulating evidence has pinpointed a role for LTβR signaling in carcinogenesis. Early studies have shown a potential anti-tumoral role in a subset of solid cancers either by triggering apoptosis in malignant cells or by eliciting an anti-tumor immune response. However, more recent studies provided robust evidence that LTβR signaling is also involved in diverse cell-intrinsic and microenvironment-dependent pro-oncogenic mechanisms, affecting several solid and hematological malignancies. Consequently, the usefulness of LTβR signaling axis blockade has been investigated as a potential therapeutic approach for cancer. Considering the seemingly opposite roles of LTβR signaling in diverse cancer types and their key implications for therapy, we here extensively review the different mechanisms by which LTβR activation affects carcinogenesis, focusing on the diverse contexts and different models assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica T Fernandes
- Centre for Biomedical Research (CBMR), University of Algarve, Faro 8005-139, Portugal; PhD Program in Biomedical Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Medicine, University of Algarve, Faro 8005-139, Portugal
| | - Emmanuel Dejardin
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Signal Transduction, GIGA-Research, Molecular Biology of Diseases, University of Liège, Liège 4000, Belgium
| | - Nuno R dos Santos
- Centre for Biomedical Research (CBMR), University of Algarve, Faro 8005-139, Portugal; Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (I3S), Universidade do Porto, Porto 4200, Portugal; Institute of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto 4200, Portugal.
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Muralidharan SV, Bhadury J, Nilsson LM, Green LC, McLure KG, Nilsson JA. BET bromodomain inhibitors synergize with ATR inhibitors to induce DNA damage, apoptosis, senescence-associated secretory pathway and ER stress in Myc-induced lymphoma cells. Oncogene 2016; 35:4689-97. [PMID: 26804177 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Revised: 11/08/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Inhibiting the bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) domain family of epigenetic reader proteins has been shown to have potent anti-tumoral activity, which is commonly attributed to suppression of transcription. In this study, we show that two structurally distinct BET inhibitors (BETi) interfere with replication and cell cycle progression of murine Myc-induced lymphoma cells at sub-lethal concentrations when the transcriptome remains largely unaltered. This inhibition of replication coincides with a DNA-damage response and enhanced sensitivity to inhibitors of the upstream replication stress sensor ATR in vitro and in mouse models of B-cell lymphoma. Mechanistically, ATR and BETi combination therapy cause robust transcriptional changes of genes involved in cell death, senescence-associated secretory pathway, NFkB signaling and ER stress. Our data reveal that BETi can potentiate the cell stress and death caused by ATR inhibitors. This suggests that ATRi can be used in combination therapies of lymphomas without the use of genotoxic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S V Muralidharan
- Department of Surgery, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - J Bhadury
- Department of Surgery, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - L M Nilsson
- Department of Surgery, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - L C Green
- Department of Surgery, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - K G McLure
- Zenith Epigenetics Corp, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - J A Nilsson
- Department of Surgery, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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CDK6-a review of the past and a glimpse into the future: from cell-cycle control to transcriptional regulation. Oncogene 2015; 35:3083-91. [PMID: 26500059 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Revised: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The G1 cell-cycle kinase CDK6 has long been thought of as a redundant homolog of CDK4. Although the two kinases have very similar roles in cell-cycle progression, it has recently become apparent that they differ in tissue-specific functions and contribute differently to tumor development. CDK6 is directly involved in transcription in tumor cells and in hematopoietic stem cells. These functions point to a role of CDK6 in tissue homeostasis and differentiation that is partially independent of CDK6's kinase activity and is not shared with CDK4. We review the literature on the contribution of CDK6 to transcription in an attempt to link the new findings on CDK6's transcriptional activity to cell-cycle progression. Finally, we note that anticancer therapies based on the inhibition of CDK6 kinase activity fail to take into account its kinase-independent role in tumor development.
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Herranz N, Gallage S, Mellone M, Wuestefeld T, Klotz S, Hanley CJ, Raguz S, Acosta JC, Innes AJ, Banito A, Georgilis A, Montoya A, Wolter K, Dharmalingam G, Faull P, Carroll T, Martínez-Barbera JP, Cutillas P, Reisinger F, Heikenwalder M, Miller RA, Withers D, Zender L, Thomas GJ, Gil J. mTOR regulates MAPKAPK2 translation to control the senescence-associated secretory phenotype. Nat Cell Biol 2015; 17:1205-17. [PMID: 26280535 PMCID: PMC4589897 DOI: 10.1038/ncb3225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 495] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Senescent cells secrete a combination of factors collectively known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). The SASP reinforces senescence and activates an immune surveillance response, but it can also show pro-tumorigenic properties and contribute to age-related pathologies. In a drug screen to find new SASP regulators, we uncovered the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin as a potent SASP suppressor. Here we report a mechanism by which mTOR controls the SASP by differentially regulating the translation of the MK2 (also known as MAPKAPK2) kinase through 4EBP1. In turn, MAPKAPK2 phosphorylates the RNA-binding protein ZFP36L1 during senescence, inhibiting its ability to degrade the transcripts of numerous SASP components. Consequently, mTOR inhibition or constitutive activation of ZFP36L1 impairs the non-cell-autonomous effects of senescent cells in both tumour-suppressive and tumour-promoting contexts. Altogether, our results place regulation of the SASP as a key mechanism by which mTOR could influence cancer, age-related diseases and immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás Herranz
- Cell Proliferation Group, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
- Epigenetics Section, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Suchira Gallage
- Cell Proliferation Group, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
- Epigenetics Section, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
- Metabolic Signalling Group, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Massimiliano Mellone
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Cancer Research UK Centre, Somers Building, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Torsten Wuestefeld
- Division of Molecular Oncology of Solid Tumors, Dept. of Internal Medicine I, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sabrina Klotz
- Division of Molecular Oncology of Solid Tumors, Dept. of Internal Medicine I, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christopher J. Hanley
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Cancer Research UK Centre, Somers Building, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Selina Raguz
- Cell Proliferation Group, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
- Epigenetics Section, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Juan Carlos Acosta
- Cell Proliferation Group, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
- Epigenetics Section, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Andrew J Innes
- Cell Proliferation Group, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
- Epigenetics Section, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Ana Banito
- Cell Proliferation Group, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
- Epigenetics Section, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Athena Georgilis
- Cell Proliferation Group, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
- Epigenetics Section, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Alex Montoya
- Proteomics Facility; MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Katharina Wolter
- Division of Molecular Oncology of Solid Tumors, Dept. of Internal Medicine I, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Gopuraja Dharmalingam
- Epigenetics Section, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Peter Faull
- Proteomics Facility; MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Thomas Carroll
- Epigenetics Section, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
| | | | - Pedro Cutillas
- Proteomics Facility; MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Florian Reisinger
- Institute for Virology, Technische Universität München/Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Mathias Heikenwalder
- Institute for Virology, Technische Universität München/Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Richard A. Miller
- Department of Pathology and Geriatrics Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2200, USA
| | - Dominic Withers
- Metabolic Signalling Group, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Lars Zender
- Division of Molecular Oncology of Solid Tumors, Dept. of Internal Medicine I, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Gareth J. Thomas
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Cancer Research UK Centre, Somers Building, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Jesús Gil
- Cell Proliferation Group, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
- Epigenetics Section, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
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Hwang B, McCool K, Wan J, Wuerzberger-Davis SM, Young EWK, Choi EY, Cingolani G, Weaver BA, Miyamoto S. IPO3-mediated Nonclassical Nuclear Import of NF-κB Essential Modulator (NEMO) Drives DNA Damage-dependent NF-κB Activation. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:17967-17984. [PMID: 26060253 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.645960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of IκB kinase (IKK) and NF-κB by genotoxic stresses modulates apoptotic responses and production of inflammatory mediators, thereby contributing to therapy resistance and premature aging. We previously reported that genotoxic agents induce nuclear localization of NF-κB essential modulator (NEMO) via an undefined mechanism to arbitrate subsequent DNA damage-dependent IKK/NF-κB signaling. Here we show that a nonclassical nuclear import pathway via IPO3 (importin 3, transportin 2) mediates stress-induced NEMO nuclear translocation. We found putative nuclear localization signals in NEMO whose mutations disrupted stress-inducible nuclear translocation of NEMO and IKK/NF-κB activation in stably reconstituted NEMO-deficient cells. RNAi screening of both importin α and β family members, as well as co-immunoprecipitation analyses, revealed that a nonclassical importin β family member, IPO3, was the only importin that was able to associate with NEMO and whose reduced expression prevented genotoxic stress-induced NEMO nuclear translocation, IKK/NF-κB activation, and inflammatory cytokine transcription. Recombinant IPO3 interacted with recombinant NEMO but not the nuclear localization signal mutant version and induced nuclear import of NEMO in digitonin-permeabilized cells. We also provide evidence that NEMO is disengaged from IKK complex following genotoxic stress induction. Thus, the IPO3 nuclear import pathway is an early and crucial determinant of the IKK/NF-κB signaling arm of the mammalian DNA damage response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byounghoon Hwang
- Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Kevin McCool
- Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin; Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Jun Wan
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Shelly M Wuerzberger-Davis
- Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin; University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Edmond W K Young
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering and Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Eun Young Choi
- Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Gino Cingolani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107
| | - Beth A Weaver
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin; University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Shigeki Miyamoto
- Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin; University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin.
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Hayakawa T, Iwai M, Aoki S, Takimoto K, Maruyama M, Maruyama W, Motoyama N. SIRT1 suppresses the senescence-associated secretory phenotype through epigenetic gene regulation. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0116480. [PMID: 25635860 PMCID: PMC4312089 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0116480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Senescent cells develop a pro-inflammatory response termed the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). As many SASP components affect surrounding cells and alter their microenvironment, SASP may be a key phenomenon in linking cellular senesence with individual aging and age-related diseases. We herein demonstrated that the expression of Sirtuin1 (SIRT1) was decreased and the expression of SASP components was reciprocally increased during cellular senescence. The mRNAs and proteins of SASP components, such as IL-6 and IL-8, quickly accumulated in SIRT1-depleted cells, and the levels of these factors were also higher than those in control cells, indicating that SIRT1 negatively regulated the expression of SASP factors at the transcriptional level. SIRT1 bound to the promoter regions of IL-8 and IL-6, but dissociated from them during cellular senescence. The acetylation of Histone H3 (K9) and H4 (K16) of the IL-8 and IL-6 promoter regions gradually increased during cellular senescence. In SIRT1-depleted cells, the acetylation levels of these regions were already higher than those in control cells in the pre-senescent stage. Moreover, these acetylation levels in SIRT1-depleted cells were significantly higher than those in control cells during cellular senescence. These results suggest that SIRT1 repressed the expression of SASP factors through the deacetylation of histones in their promoter regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohisa Hayakawa
- Department of Cognitive Brain Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
- Department of Aging Research, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Mika Iwai
- Department of Cognitive Brain Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Satoshi Aoki
- Department of Cognitive Brain Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
- Department of Bioengineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Nagaoka, Niigata, Japan
| | - Koichi Takimoto
- Department of Bioengineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Nagaoka, Niigata, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Maruyama
- Department of Aging Research, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
- Department of Mechanism of Aging, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Wakako Maruyama
- Department of Cognitive Brain Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Noboru Motoyama
- Department of Cognitive Brain Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
- Department of Aging Research, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Wang W, Nag SA, Zhang R. Targeting the NFκB signaling pathways for breast cancer prevention and therapy. Curr Med Chem 2015; 22:264-89. [PMID: 25386819 PMCID: PMC6690202 DOI: 10.2174/0929867321666141106124315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Revised: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The activation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NFκB), a proinflammatory transcription factor, is a commonly observed phenomenon in breast cancer. It facilitates the development of a hormone-independent, invasive, high-grade, and late-stage tumor phenotype. Moreover, the commonly used cancer chemotherapy and radiotherapy approaches activate NFκB, leading to the development of invasive breast cancers that show resistance to chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and endocrine therapy. Inhibition of NFκB results in an increase in the sensitivity of cancer cells to the apoptotic effects of chemotherapeutic agents and radiation and restoring hormone sensitivity, which is correlated with increased disease-free survival in patients with breast cancer. In this review article, we focus on the role of the NFκB signaling pathways in the development and progression of breast cancer and the validity of NFκB as a potential target for breast cancer prevention and therapy. We also discuss the recent findings that NFκB may have tumor suppressing activity in certain cancer types. Finally, this review also covers the state-of-the-art development of NFκB inhibitors for cancer therapy and prevention, the challenges in targeting validation, and pharmacology and toxicology evaluations of these agents from the bench to the bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA
- Cancer Biology Center, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA
| | - Subhasree A. Nag
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA
| | - Ruiwen Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA
- Cancer Biology Center, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA
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Nuclear factor-kappaB sensitizes to benzyl isothiocyanate-induced antiproliferation in p53-deficient colorectal cancer cells. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1534. [PMID: 25412312 PMCID: PMC4260753 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Revised: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC), a dietary isothiocyanate derived from cruciferous vegetables, inhibits the proliferation of colorectal cancer cells, most of which overexpress β-catenin as a result of mutations in the genes for adenomatous polyposis coli or mutations in β-catenin itself. Because nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) is a plausible target of BITC signaling in inflammatory cell models, we hypothesized that it is also involved in BITC-inhibited proliferation of colorectal cancer cells. siRNA-mediated knockdown of the NF-κB p65 subunit significantly decreased the BITC sensitivity of human colorectal cancer HT-29 cells with mutated p53 tumor suppressor protein. Treating HT-29 cells with BITC induced the phosphorylation of IκB kinase, IκB-α and p65, the degradation of IκB-α, the translocation of p65 to the nucleus and the upregulation of NF-κB transcriptional activity. BITC also decreased β-catenin binding to a positive cis element of the cyclin D1 promoter and thus inhibited β-catenin-dependent cyclin D1 transcription, possibly through a direct interaction between p65 and β-catenin. siRNA-mediated knockdown of p65 confirmed that p65 negatively affects cyclin D1 expression. On the other hand, when human colorectal cancer HCT-116 cells with wild-type p53 were treated with BITC, translocation of p65 to the nucleus was inhibited rather than enhanced. p53 knockout increased the BITC sensitivity of HCT-116 cells in a p65-dependent manner, suggesting that p53 negatively regulates p65-dependent effects. Together, these results identify BITC as a novel type of antiproliferative agent that regulates the NF-κB pathway in p53-deficient colorectal cancer cells.
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Molina TJ, Canioni D, Copie-Bergman C, Recher C, Brière J, Haioun C, Berger F, Fermé C, Copin MC, Casasnovas O, Thieblemont C, Petrella T, Leroy K, Salles G, Fabiani B, Morschauser F, Mounier N, Coiffier B, Jardin F, Gaulard P, Jais JP, Tilly H. Young patients with non-germinal center B-cell-like diffuse large B-cell lymphoma benefit from intensified chemotherapy with ACVBP plus rituximab compared with CHOP plus rituximab: analysis of data from the Groupe d'Etudes des Lymphomes de l'Adulte/lymphoma study association phase III trial LNH 03-2B. J Clin Oncol 2014; 32:3996-4003. [PMID: 25385729 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2013.54.9493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine whether any tumor biomarkers could account for the survival advantage observed in the LNH 03-2B trial among patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and low-intermediate risk according to the International Prognostic Index when treated with dose-intensive rituximab, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, vindesine, bleomycin, and prednisone (R-ACVBP) compared with standard rituximab, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP). PATIENTS AND METHODS Using immunohistochemistry, expression of CD10, BCL6, MUM1, MYC, and BCL2 and coexpression of MYC/BCL2 were examined. The interaction effects between each biomarker and treatment arm on survival were studied in a restricted model and a full model incorporating clinical parameters. RESULTS Among the 379 patients analyzed in the trial, 229 tumors were evaluable for germinal center B-cell-like (GCB)/non-GCB subclassification according to the Hans algorithm. Among all the biomarkers, only the interaction between the Hans algorithm and the treatment arm was significant for progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in univariable (PFS, P = .04; OS, P = .01) and multivariable (PFS, P = .03; OS, P = .01) analyses. Non-GCB tumors predicted worse PFS (hazard ratio [HR], 3.21; 95% CI, 1.29 to 8.00; P = .01) and OS (HR, 6.09; 95% CI, 1.37 to 27.03; P = .02) among patients treated with R-CHOP compared with patients who received R-ACVBP, whereas there were no significant survival differences between these regimens among patients with GCB tumors. CONCLUSION The survival benefit related to R-ACVBP over R-CHOP is at least partly linked to improved survival among patients with non-GCB DLBCL. Therefore, the Hans algorithm could be considered a theragnostic biomarker for selecting young patients with DLBCL who can benefit from an intensified R-ACVBP immunochemotherapy regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Jo Molina
- Thierry Jo Molina, Danielle Canioni, and Jean-Philippe Jais, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Necker Enfants-Malades, Université Paris Descartes, EA 7324, Sorbonne Paris Cité; Josette Brière and Catherine Thieblemont, AP-HP, Saint-Louis, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité; Catherine Thieblemont, L'Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U728; Bettina Fabiani, AP-HP, Saint-Antoine, Paris; Christiane Copie-Bergman, Corinne Haioun, Karen Leroy, and Philippe Gaulard, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Henri-Mondor/Albert-Chenevier, Université Paris-Est Créteil; Christiane Copie-Bergman, Karen Leroy, and Philippe Gaulard, INSERM Unité U955 Équipe 9, Créteil; Christian Recher, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Purpan, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse; Françoise Berger, Gilles Salles, and Bertrand Coiffier, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard, Pierre-Bénite; Christophe Fermé, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif; Marie-Christine Copin and Franck Morschauser, CHU Lille, Lille; Olivier Casasnovas and Tony Petrella, CHU Dijon, Dijon; Nicolas Mounier, CHU Nice, Nice; and Fabrice Jardin and Hervé Tilly, Centre Henri Becquerel, Université de Rouen, Rouen, France.
| | - Danielle Canioni
- Thierry Jo Molina, Danielle Canioni, and Jean-Philippe Jais, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Necker Enfants-Malades, Université Paris Descartes, EA 7324, Sorbonne Paris Cité; Josette Brière and Catherine Thieblemont, AP-HP, Saint-Louis, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité; Catherine Thieblemont, L'Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U728; Bettina Fabiani, AP-HP, Saint-Antoine, Paris; Christiane Copie-Bergman, Corinne Haioun, Karen Leroy, and Philippe Gaulard, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Henri-Mondor/Albert-Chenevier, Université Paris-Est Créteil; Christiane Copie-Bergman, Karen Leroy, and Philippe Gaulard, INSERM Unité U955 Équipe 9, Créteil; Christian Recher, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Purpan, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse; Françoise Berger, Gilles Salles, and Bertrand Coiffier, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard, Pierre-Bénite; Christophe Fermé, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif; Marie-Christine Copin and Franck Morschauser, CHU Lille, Lille; Olivier Casasnovas and Tony Petrella, CHU Dijon, Dijon; Nicolas Mounier, CHU Nice, Nice; and Fabrice Jardin and Hervé Tilly, Centre Henri Becquerel, Université de Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - Christiane Copie-Bergman
- Thierry Jo Molina, Danielle Canioni, and Jean-Philippe Jais, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Necker Enfants-Malades, Université Paris Descartes, EA 7324, Sorbonne Paris Cité; Josette Brière and Catherine Thieblemont, AP-HP, Saint-Louis, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité; Catherine Thieblemont, L'Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U728; Bettina Fabiani, AP-HP, Saint-Antoine, Paris; Christiane Copie-Bergman, Corinne Haioun, Karen Leroy, and Philippe Gaulard, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Henri-Mondor/Albert-Chenevier, Université Paris-Est Créteil; Christiane Copie-Bergman, Karen Leroy, and Philippe Gaulard, INSERM Unité U955 Équipe 9, Créteil; Christian Recher, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Purpan, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse; Françoise Berger, Gilles Salles, and Bertrand Coiffier, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard, Pierre-Bénite; Christophe Fermé, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif; Marie-Christine Copin and Franck Morschauser, CHU Lille, Lille; Olivier Casasnovas and Tony Petrella, CHU Dijon, Dijon; Nicolas Mounier, CHU Nice, Nice; and Fabrice Jardin and Hervé Tilly, Centre Henri Becquerel, Université de Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - Christian Recher
- Thierry Jo Molina, Danielle Canioni, and Jean-Philippe Jais, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Necker Enfants-Malades, Université Paris Descartes, EA 7324, Sorbonne Paris Cité; Josette Brière and Catherine Thieblemont, AP-HP, Saint-Louis, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité; Catherine Thieblemont, L'Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U728; Bettina Fabiani, AP-HP, Saint-Antoine, Paris; Christiane Copie-Bergman, Corinne Haioun, Karen Leroy, and Philippe Gaulard, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Henri-Mondor/Albert-Chenevier, Université Paris-Est Créteil; Christiane Copie-Bergman, Karen Leroy, and Philippe Gaulard, INSERM Unité U955 Équipe 9, Créteil; Christian Recher, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Purpan, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse; Françoise Berger, Gilles Salles, and Bertrand Coiffier, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard, Pierre-Bénite; Christophe Fermé, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif; Marie-Christine Copin and Franck Morschauser, CHU Lille, Lille; Olivier Casasnovas and Tony Petrella, CHU Dijon, Dijon; Nicolas Mounier, CHU Nice, Nice; and Fabrice Jardin and Hervé Tilly, Centre Henri Becquerel, Université de Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - Josette Brière
- Thierry Jo Molina, Danielle Canioni, and Jean-Philippe Jais, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Necker Enfants-Malades, Université Paris Descartes, EA 7324, Sorbonne Paris Cité; Josette Brière and Catherine Thieblemont, AP-HP, Saint-Louis, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité; Catherine Thieblemont, L'Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U728; Bettina Fabiani, AP-HP, Saint-Antoine, Paris; Christiane Copie-Bergman, Corinne Haioun, Karen Leroy, and Philippe Gaulard, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Henri-Mondor/Albert-Chenevier, Université Paris-Est Créteil; Christiane Copie-Bergman, Karen Leroy, and Philippe Gaulard, INSERM Unité U955 Équipe 9, Créteil; Christian Recher, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Purpan, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse; Françoise Berger, Gilles Salles, and Bertrand Coiffier, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard, Pierre-Bénite; Christophe Fermé, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif; Marie-Christine Copin and Franck Morschauser, CHU Lille, Lille; Olivier Casasnovas and Tony Petrella, CHU Dijon, Dijon; Nicolas Mounier, CHU Nice, Nice; and Fabrice Jardin and Hervé Tilly, Centre Henri Becquerel, Université de Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - Corinne Haioun
- Thierry Jo Molina, Danielle Canioni, and Jean-Philippe Jais, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Necker Enfants-Malades, Université Paris Descartes, EA 7324, Sorbonne Paris Cité; Josette Brière and Catherine Thieblemont, AP-HP, Saint-Louis, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité; Catherine Thieblemont, L'Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U728; Bettina Fabiani, AP-HP, Saint-Antoine, Paris; Christiane Copie-Bergman, Corinne Haioun, Karen Leroy, and Philippe Gaulard, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Henri-Mondor/Albert-Chenevier, Université Paris-Est Créteil; Christiane Copie-Bergman, Karen Leroy, and Philippe Gaulard, INSERM Unité U955 Équipe 9, Créteil; Christian Recher, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Purpan, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse; Françoise Berger, Gilles Salles, and Bertrand Coiffier, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard, Pierre-Bénite; Christophe Fermé, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif; Marie-Christine Copin and Franck Morschauser, CHU Lille, Lille; Olivier Casasnovas and Tony Petrella, CHU Dijon, Dijon; Nicolas Mounier, CHU Nice, Nice; and Fabrice Jardin and Hervé Tilly, Centre Henri Becquerel, Université de Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - Françoise Berger
- Thierry Jo Molina, Danielle Canioni, and Jean-Philippe Jais, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Necker Enfants-Malades, Université Paris Descartes, EA 7324, Sorbonne Paris Cité; Josette Brière and Catherine Thieblemont, AP-HP, Saint-Louis, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité; Catherine Thieblemont, L'Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U728; Bettina Fabiani, AP-HP, Saint-Antoine, Paris; Christiane Copie-Bergman, Corinne Haioun, Karen Leroy, and Philippe Gaulard, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Henri-Mondor/Albert-Chenevier, Université Paris-Est Créteil; Christiane Copie-Bergman, Karen Leroy, and Philippe Gaulard, INSERM Unité U955 Équipe 9, Créteil; Christian Recher, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Purpan, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse; Françoise Berger, Gilles Salles, and Bertrand Coiffier, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard, Pierre-Bénite; Christophe Fermé, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif; Marie-Christine Copin and Franck Morschauser, CHU Lille, Lille; Olivier Casasnovas and Tony Petrella, CHU Dijon, Dijon; Nicolas Mounier, CHU Nice, Nice; and Fabrice Jardin and Hervé Tilly, Centre Henri Becquerel, Université de Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - Christophe Fermé
- Thierry Jo Molina, Danielle Canioni, and Jean-Philippe Jais, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Necker Enfants-Malades, Université Paris Descartes, EA 7324, Sorbonne Paris Cité; Josette Brière and Catherine Thieblemont, AP-HP, Saint-Louis, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité; Catherine Thieblemont, L'Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U728; Bettina Fabiani, AP-HP, Saint-Antoine, Paris; Christiane Copie-Bergman, Corinne Haioun, Karen Leroy, and Philippe Gaulard, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Henri-Mondor/Albert-Chenevier, Université Paris-Est Créteil; Christiane Copie-Bergman, Karen Leroy, and Philippe Gaulard, INSERM Unité U955 Équipe 9, Créteil; Christian Recher, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Purpan, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse; Françoise Berger, Gilles Salles, and Bertrand Coiffier, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard, Pierre-Bénite; Christophe Fermé, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif; Marie-Christine Copin and Franck Morschauser, CHU Lille, Lille; Olivier Casasnovas and Tony Petrella, CHU Dijon, Dijon; Nicolas Mounier, CHU Nice, Nice; and Fabrice Jardin and Hervé Tilly, Centre Henri Becquerel, Université de Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - Marie-Christine Copin
- Thierry Jo Molina, Danielle Canioni, and Jean-Philippe Jais, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Necker Enfants-Malades, Université Paris Descartes, EA 7324, Sorbonne Paris Cité; Josette Brière and Catherine Thieblemont, AP-HP, Saint-Louis, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité; Catherine Thieblemont, L'Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U728; Bettina Fabiani, AP-HP, Saint-Antoine, Paris; Christiane Copie-Bergman, Corinne Haioun, Karen Leroy, and Philippe Gaulard, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Henri-Mondor/Albert-Chenevier, Université Paris-Est Créteil; Christiane Copie-Bergman, Karen Leroy, and Philippe Gaulard, INSERM Unité U955 Équipe 9, Créteil; Christian Recher, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Purpan, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse; Françoise Berger, Gilles Salles, and Bertrand Coiffier, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard, Pierre-Bénite; Christophe Fermé, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif; Marie-Christine Copin and Franck Morschauser, CHU Lille, Lille; Olivier Casasnovas and Tony Petrella, CHU Dijon, Dijon; Nicolas Mounier, CHU Nice, Nice; and Fabrice Jardin and Hervé Tilly, Centre Henri Becquerel, Université de Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - Olivier Casasnovas
- Thierry Jo Molina, Danielle Canioni, and Jean-Philippe Jais, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Necker Enfants-Malades, Université Paris Descartes, EA 7324, Sorbonne Paris Cité; Josette Brière and Catherine Thieblemont, AP-HP, Saint-Louis, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité; Catherine Thieblemont, L'Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U728; Bettina Fabiani, AP-HP, Saint-Antoine, Paris; Christiane Copie-Bergman, Corinne Haioun, Karen Leroy, and Philippe Gaulard, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Henri-Mondor/Albert-Chenevier, Université Paris-Est Créteil; Christiane Copie-Bergman, Karen Leroy, and Philippe Gaulard, INSERM Unité U955 Équipe 9, Créteil; Christian Recher, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Purpan, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse; Françoise Berger, Gilles Salles, and Bertrand Coiffier, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard, Pierre-Bénite; Christophe Fermé, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif; Marie-Christine Copin and Franck Morschauser, CHU Lille, Lille; Olivier Casasnovas and Tony Petrella, CHU Dijon, Dijon; Nicolas Mounier, CHU Nice, Nice; and Fabrice Jardin and Hervé Tilly, Centre Henri Becquerel, Université de Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - Catherine Thieblemont
- Thierry Jo Molina, Danielle Canioni, and Jean-Philippe Jais, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Necker Enfants-Malades, Université Paris Descartes, EA 7324, Sorbonne Paris Cité; Josette Brière and Catherine Thieblemont, AP-HP, Saint-Louis, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité; Catherine Thieblemont, L'Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U728; Bettina Fabiani, AP-HP, Saint-Antoine, Paris; Christiane Copie-Bergman, Corinne Haioun, Karen Leroy, and Philippe Gaulard, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Henri-Mondor/Albert-Chenevier, Université Paris-Est Créteil; Christiane Copie-Bergman, Karen Leroy, and Philippe Gaulard, INSERM Unité U955 Équipe 9, Créteil; Christian Recher, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Purpan, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse; Françoise Berger, Gilles Salles, and Bertrand Coiffier, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard, Pierre-Bénite; Christophe Fermé, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif; Marie-Christine Copin and Franck Morschauser, CHU Lille, Lille; Olivier Casasnovas and Tony Petrella, CHU Dijon, Dijon; Nicolas Mounier, CHU Nice, Nice; and Fabrice Jardin and Hervé Tilly, Centre Henri Becquerel, Université de Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - Tony Petrella
- Thierry Jo Molina, Danielle Canioni, and Jean-Philippe Jais, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Necker Enfants-Malades, Université Paris Descartes, EA 7324, Sorbonne Paris Cité; Josette Brière and Catherine Thieblemont, AP-HP, Saint-Louis, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité; Catherine Thieblemont, L'Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U728; Bettina Fabiani, AP-HP, Saint-Antoine, Paris; Christiane Copie-Bergman, Corinne Haioun, Karen Leroy, and Philippe Gaulard, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Henri-Mondor/Albert-Chenevier, Université Paris-Est Créteil; Christiane Copie-Bergman, Karen Leroy, and Philippe Gaulard, INSERM Unité U955 Équipe 9, Créteil; Christian Recher, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Purpan, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse; Françoise Berger, Gilles Salles, and Bertrand Coiffier, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard, Pierre-Bénite; Christophe Fermé, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif; Marie-Christine Copin and Franck Morschauser, CHU Lille, Lille; Olivier Casasnovas and Tony Petrella, CHU Dijon, Dijon; Nicolas Mounier, CHU Nice, Nice; and Fabrice Jardin and Hervé Tilly, Centre Henri Becquerel, Université de Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - Karen Leroy
- Thierry Jo Molina, Danielle Canioni, and Jean-Philippe Jais, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Necker Enfants-Malades, Université Paris Descartes, EA 7324, Sorbonne Paris Cité; Josette Brière and Catherine Thieblemont, AP-HP, Saint-Louis, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité; Catherine Thieblemont, L'Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U728; Bettina Fabiani, AP-HP, Saint-Antoine, Paris; Christiane Copie-Bergman, Corinne Haioun, Karen Leroy, and Philippe Gaulard, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Henri-Mondor/Albert-Chenevier, Université Paris-Est Créteil; Christiane Copie-Bergman, Karen Leroy, and Philippe Gaulard, INSERM Unité U955 Équipe 9, Créteil; Christian Recher, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Purpan, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse; Françoise Berger, Gilles Salles, and Bertrand Coiffier, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard, Pierre-Bénite; Christophe Fermé, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif; Marie-Christine Copin and Franck Morschauser, CHU Lille, Lille; Olivier Casasnovas and Tony Petrella, CHU Dijon, Dijon; Nicolas Mounier, CHU Nice, Nice; and Fabrice Jardin and Hervé Tilly, Centre Henri Becquerel, Université de Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - Gilles Salles
- Thierry Jo Molina, Danielle Canioni, and Jean-Philippe Jais, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Necker Enfants-Malades, Université Paris Descartes, EA 7324, Sorbonne Paris Cité; Josette Brière and Catherine Thieblemont, AP-HP, Saint-Louis, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité; Catherine Thieblemont, L'Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U728; Bettina Fabiani, AP-HP, Saint-Antoine, Paris; Christiane Copie-Bergman, Corinne Haioun, Karen Leroy, and Philippe Gaulard, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Henri-Mondor/Albert-Chenevier, Université Paris-Est Créteil; Christiane Copie-Bergman, Karen Leroy, and Philippe Gaulard, INSERM Unité U955 Équipe 9, Créteil; Christian Recher, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Purpan, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse; Françoise Berger, Gilles Salles, and Bertrand Coiffier, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard, Pierre-Bénite; Christophe Fermé, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif; Marie-Christine Copin and Franck Morschauser, CHU Lille, Lille; Olivier Casasnovas and Tony Petrella, CHU Dijon, Dijon; Nicolas Mounier, CHU Nice, Nice; and Fabrice Jardin and Hervé Tilly, Centre Henri Becquerel, Université de Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - Bettina Fabiani
- Thierry Jo Molina, Danielle Canioni, and Jean-Philippe Jais, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Necker Enfants-Malades, Université Paris Descartes, EA 7324, Sorbonne Paris Cité; Josette Brière and Catherine Thieblemont, AP-HP, Saint-Louis, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité; Catherine Thieblemont, L'Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U728; Bettina Fabiani, AP-HP, Saint-Antoine, Paris; Christiane Copie-Bergman, Corinne Haioun, Karen Leroy, and Philippe Gaulard, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Henri-Mondor/Albert-Chenevier, Université Paris-Est Créteil; Christiane Copie-Bergman, Karen Leroy, and Philippe Gaulard, INSERM Unité U955 Équipe 9, Créteil; Christian Recher, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Purpan, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse; Françoise Berger, Gilles Salles, and Bertrand Coiffier, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard, Pierre-Bénite; Christophe Fermé, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif; Marie-Christine Copin and Franck Morschauser, CHU Lille, Lille; Olivier Casasnovas and Tony Petrella, CHU Dijon, Dijon; Nicolas Mounier, CHU Nice, Nice; and Fabrice Jardin and Hervé Tilly, Centre Henri Becquerel, Université de Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - Franck Morschauser
- Thierry Jo Molina, Danielle Canioni, and Jean-Philippe Jais, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Necker Enfants-Malades, Université Paris Descartes, EA 7324, Sorbonne Paris Cité; Josette Brière and Catherine Thieblemont, AP-HP, Saint-Louis, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité; Catherine Thieblemont, L'Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U728; Bettina Fabiani, AP-HP, Saint-Antoine, Paris; Christiane Copie-Bergman, Corinne Haioun, Karen Leroy, and Philippe Gaulard, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Henri-Mondor/Albert-Chenevier, Université Paris-Est Créteil; Christiane Copie-Bergman, Karen Leroy, and Philippe Gaulard, INSERM Unité U955 Équipe 9, Créteil; Christian Recher, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Purpan, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse; Françoise Berger, Gilles Salles, and Bertrand Coiffier, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard, Pierre-Bénite; Christophe Fermé, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif; Marie-Christine Copin and Franck Morschauser, CHU Lille, Lille; Olivier Casasnovas and Tony Petrella, CHU Dijon, Dijon; Nicolas Mounier, CHU Nice, Nice; and Fabrice Jardin and Hervé Tilly, Centre Henri Becquerel, Université de Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - Nicolas Mounier
- Thierry Jo Molina, Danielle Canioni, and Jean-Philippe Jais, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Necker Enfants-Malades, Université Paris Descartes, EA 7324, Sorbonne Paris Cité; Josette Brière and Catherine Thieblemont, AP-HP, Saint-Louis, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité; Catherine Thieblemont, L'Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U728; Bettina Fabiani, AP-HP, Saint-Antoine, Paris; Christiane Copie-Bergman, Corinne Haioun, Karen Leroy, and Philippe Gaulard, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Henri-Mondor/Albert-Chenevier, Université Paris-Est Créteil; Christiane Copie-Bergman, Karen Leroy, and Philippe Gaulard, INSERM Unité U955 Équipe 9, Créteil; Christian Recher, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Purpan, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse; Françoise Berger, Gilles Salles, and Bertrand Coiffier, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard, Pierre-Bénite; Christophe Fermé, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif; Marie-Christine Copin and Franck Morschauser, CHU Lille, Lille; Olivier Casasnovas and Tony Petrella, CHU Dijon, Dijon; Nicolas Mounier, CHU Nice, Nice; and Fabrice Jardin and Hervé Tilly, Centre Henri Becquerel, Université de Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - Bertrand Coiffier
- Thierry Jo Molina, Danielle Canioni, and Jean-Philippe Jais, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Necker Enfants-Malades, Université Paris Descartes, EA 7324, Sorbonne Paris Cité; Josette Brière and Catherine Thieblemont, AP-HP, Saint-Louis, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité; Catherine Thieblemont, L'Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U728; Bettina Fabiani, AP-HP, Saint-Antoine, Paris; Christiane Copie-Bergman, Corinne Haioun, Karen Leroy, and Philippe Gaulard, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Henri-Mondor/Albert-Chenevier, Université Paris-Est Créteil; Christiane Copie-Bergman, Karen Leroy, and Philippe Gaulard, INSERM Unité U955 Équipe 9, Créteil; Christian Recher, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Purpan, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse; Françoise Berger, Gilles Salles, and Bertrand Coiffier, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard, Pierre-Bénite; Christophe Fermé, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif; Marie-Christine Copin and Franck Morschauser, CHU Lille, Lille; Olivier Casasnovas and Tony Petrella, CHU Dijon, Dijon; Nicolas Mounier, CHU Nice, Nice; and Fabrice Jardin and Hervé Tilly, Centre Henri Becquerel, Université de Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - Fabrice Jardin
- Thierry Jo Molina, Danielle Canioni, and Jean-Philippe Jais, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Necker Enfants-Malades, Université Paris Descartes, EA 7324, Sorbonne Paris Cité; Josette Brière and Catherine Thieblemont, AP-HP, Saint-Louis, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité; Catherine Thieblemont, L'Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U728; Bettina Fabiani, AP-HP, Saint-Antoine, Paris; Christiane Copie-Bergman, Corinne Haioun, Karen Leroy, and Philippe Gaulard, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Henri-Mondor/Albert-Chenevier, Université Paris-Est Créteil; Christiane Copie-Bergman, Karen Leroy, and Philippe Gaulard, INSERM Unité U955 Équipe 9, Créteil; Christian Recher, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Purpan, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse; Françoise Berger, Gilles Salles, and Bertrand Coiffier, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard, Pierre-Bénite; Christophe Fermé, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif; Marie-Christine Copin and Franck Morschauser, CHU Lille, Lille; Olivier Casasnovas and Tony Petrella, CHU Dijon, Dijon; Nicolas Mounier, CHU Nice, Nice; and Fabrice Jardin and Hervé Tilly, Centre Henri Becquerel, Université de Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - Philippe Gaulard
- Thierry Jo Molina, Danielle Canioni, and Jean-Philippe Jais, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Necker Enfants-Malades, Université Paris Descartes, EA 7324, Sorbonne Paris Cité; Josette Brière and Catherine Thieblemont, AP-HP, Saint-Louis, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité; Catherine Thieblemont, L'Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U728; Bettina Fabiani, AP-HP, Saint-Antoine, Paris; Christiane Copie-Bergman, Corinne Haioun, Karen Leroy, and Philippe Gaulard, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Henri-Mondor/Albert-Chenevier, Université Paris-Est Créteil; Christiane Copie-Bergman, Karen Leroy, and Philippe Gaulard, INSERM Unité U955 Équipe 9, Créteil; Christian Recher, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Purpan, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse; Françoise Berger, Gilles Salles, and Bertrand Coiffier, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard, Pierre-Bénite; Christophe Fermé, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif; Marie-Christine Copin and Franck Morschauser, CHU Lille, Lille; Olivier Casasnovas and Tony Petrella, CHU Dijon, Dijon; Nicolas Mounier, CHU Nice, Nice; and Fabrice Jardin and Hervé Tilly, Centre Henri Becquerel, Université de Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Jais
- Thierry Jo Molina, Danielle Canioni, and Jean-Philippe Jais, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Necker Enfants-Malades, Université Paris Descartes, EA 7324, Sorbonne Paris Cité; Josette Brière and Catherine Thieblemont, AP-HP, Saint-Louis, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité; Catherine Thieblemont, L'Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U728; Bettina Fabiani, AP-HP, Saint-Antoine, Paris; Christiane Copie-Bergman, Corinne Haioun, Karen Leroy, and Philippe Gaulard, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Henri-Mondor/Albert-Chenevier, Université Paris-Est Créteil; Christiane Copie-Bergman, Karen Leroy, and Philippe Gaulard, INSERM Unité U955 Équipe 9, Créteil; Christian Recher, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Purpan, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse; Françoise Berger, Gilles Salles, and Bertrand Coiffier, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard, Pierre-Bénite; Christophe Fermé, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif; Marie-Christine Copin and Franck Morschauser, CHU Lille, Lille; Olivier Casasnovas and Tony Petrella, CHU Dijon, Dijon; Nicolas Mounier, CHU Nice, Nice; and Fabrice Jardin and Hervé Tilly, Centre Henri Becquerel, Université de Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - Hervé Tilly
- Thierry Jo Molina, Danielle Canioni, and Jean-Philippe Jais, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Necker Enfants-Malades, Université Paris Descartes, EA 7324, Sorbonne Paris Cité; Josette Brière and Catherine Thieblemont, AP-HP, Saint-Louis, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité; Catherine Thieblemont, L'Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U728; Bettina Fabiani, AP-HP, Saint-Antoine, Paris; Christiane Copie-Bergman, Corinne Haioun, Karen Leroy, and Philippe Gaulard, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Henri-Mondor/Albert-Chenevier, Université Paris-Est Créteil; Christiane Copie-Bergman, Karen Leroy, and Philippe Gaulard, INSERM Unité U955 Équipe 9, Créteil; Christian Recher, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Purpan, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse; Françoise Berger, Gilles Salles, and Bertrand Coiffier, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard, Pierre-Bénite; Christophe Fermé, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif; Marie-Christine Copin and Franck Morschauser, CHU Lille, Lille; Olivier Casasnovas and Tony Petrella, CHU Dijon, Dijon; Nicolas Mounier, CHU Nice, Nice; and Fabrice Jardin and Hervé Tilly, Centre Henri Becquerel, Université de Rouen, Rouen, France
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