1
|
Agudo-Ibáñez L, Morante M, García-Gutiérrez L, Quintanilla A, Rodríguez J, Muñoz A, León J, Crespo P. ERK2 stimulates MYC transcription by anchoring CDK9 to the MYC promoter in a kinase activity-independent manner. Sci Signal 2023; 16:eadg4193. [PMID: 37463244 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.adg4193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
The transcription factor MYC regulates cell proliferation, transformation, and survival in response to growth factor signaling that is mediated in part by the kinase activity of ERK2. Because ERK2 can also bind to DNA to modify gene expression, we investigated whether it more directly regulates MYC transcription. We identified ERK2 binding sites in the MYC promoter and detected ERK2 at the promoter in various serum-stimulated cell types. Expression of nuclear-localized ERK2 constructs in serum-starved cells revealed that ERK2 in the nucleus-regardless of its kinase activity-increased MYC mRNA expression and MYC protein abundance. ERK2 bound to the promoter through its amino-terminal insert domain and to the cyclin-dependent kinase CDK9 (which activates RNA polymerase II) through its carboxyl-terminal conserved docking domain. Both interactions were essential for ERK2-induced MYC expression, and depleting ERK impaired CDK9 occupancy and RNA polymerase II progression at the MYC promoter. Artificially tethering CDK9 to the MYC promoter by fusing it to the ERK2 insert domain was sufficient to stimulate MYC expression in serum-starved cells. Our findings demonstrate a role for ERK2 at the MYC promoter acting as a kinase-independent anchor for the recruitment of CDK9 to promote MYC expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Agudo-Ibáñez
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Universidad de Cantabria, Santander 39011, Spain
| | - Marta Morante
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Universidad de Cantabria, Santander 39011, Spain
| | - Lucía García-Gutiérrez
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Universidad de Cantabria, Santander 39011, Spain
| | - Andrea Quintanilla
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Universidad de Cantabria, Santander 39011, Spain
| | - Javier Rodríguez
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Universidad de Cantabria, Santander 39011, Spain
| | - Alberto Muñoz
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols," Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28029, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 2809, Spain
| | - Javier León
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Universidad de Cantabria, Santander 39011, Spain
| | - Piero Crespo
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Universidad de Cantabria, Santander 39011, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 2809, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Smer-Barreto V, Quintanilla A, Elliott RJR, Dawson JC, Sun J, Campa VM, Lorente-Macías Á, Unciti-Broceta A, Carragher NO, Acosta JC, Oyarzún DA. Discovery of senolytics using machine learning. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3445. [PMID: 37301862 PMCID: PMC10257182 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39120-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a stress response involved in ageing and diverse disease processes including cancer, type-2 diabetes, osteoarthritis and viral infection. Despite growing interest in targeted elimination of senescent cells, only few senolytics are known due to the lack of well-characterised molecular targets. Here, we report the discovery of three senolytics using cost-effective machine learning algorithms trained solely on published data. We computationally screened various chemical libraries and validated the senolytic action of ginkgetin, periplocin and oleandrin in human cell lines under various modalities of senescence. The compounds have potency comparable to known senolytics, and we show that oleandrin has improved potency over its target as compared to best-in-class alternatives. Our approach led to several hundred-fold reduction in drug screening costs and demonstrates that artificial intelligence can take maximum advantage of small and heterogeneous drug screening data, paving the way for new open science approaches to early-stage drug discovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Smer-Barreto
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK.
| | - Andrea Quintanilla
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), CSIC-Universidad de Cantabria-SODERCAN. C/ Albert Einstein 22, Santander, 39011, Spain
| | - Richard J R Elliott
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK
| | - John C Dawson
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Jiugeng Sun
- School of Informatics, University of Edinburgh, 10 Crichton St, Edinburgh, EH8 9AB, UK
| | - Víctor M Campa
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), CSIC-Universidad de Cantabria-SODERCAN. C/ Albert Einstein 22, Santander, 39011, Spain
| | - Álvaro Lorente-Macías
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Asier Unciti-Broceta
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Neil O Carragher
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Juan Carlos Acosta
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK.
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), CSIC-Universidad de Cantabria-SODERCAN. C/ Albert Einstein 22, Santander, 39011, Spain.
| | - Diego A Oyarzún
- School of Informatics, University of Edinburgh, 10 Crichton St, Edinburgh, EH8 9AB, UK.
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Max Born Crescent, Edinburgh, EH9 3BF, UK.
- The Alan Turing Institute, 96 Euston Road, London, NW1 2DB, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Millar FR, Pennycuick A, Muir M, Quintanilla A, Hari P, Freyer E, Gautier P, Meynert A, Grimes G, Coll CS, Zdral S, Victorelli S, Teixeira VH, Connelly J, Passos JF, Ros MA, Wallace WAH, Frame MC, Sims AH, Boulter L, Janes SM, Wilkinson S, Acosta JC. Toll-like receptor 2 orchestrates a tumor suppressor response in non-small cell lung cancer. Cell Rep 2022; 41:111596. [PMID: 36351380 PMCID: PMC10197427 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting early-stage lung cancer is vital to improve survival. However, the mechanisms and components of the early tumor suppressor response in lung cancer are not well understood. In this report, we study the role of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), a regulator of oncogene-induced senescence, which is a key tumor suppressor response in premalignancy. Using human lung cancer samples and genetically engineered mouse models, we show that TLR2 is active early in lung tumorigenesis, where it correlates with improved survival and clinical regression. Mechanistically, TLR2 impairs early lung cancer progression via activation of cell intrinsic cell cycle arrest pathways and the proinflammatory senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). The SASP regulates non-cell autonomous anti-tumor responses, such as immune surveillance of premalignant cells, and we observe impaired myeloid cell recruitment to lung tumors after Tlr2 loss. Last, we show that administration of a TLR2 agonist reduces lung tumor growth, highlighting TLR2 as a possible therapeutic target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fraser R Millar
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, UK.
| | - Adam Pennycuick
- Lungs for Living Research Centre, UCL Respiratory, University College London, London WC1E 6JF, UK
| | - Morwenna Muir
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Andrea Quintanilla
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, UK; Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnologia de Cantabria, IBBTEC (CSIC, Universidad de Cantabria), C/ Albert Einstein 22, 39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Priya Hari
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Elisabeth Freyer
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Philippe Gautier
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Alison Meynert
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Graeme Grimes
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Carla Salomo Coll
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Sofia Zdral
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnologia de Cantabria, IBBTEC (CSIC, Universidad de Cantabria), C/ Albert Einstein 22, 39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Stella Victorelli
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Vitor H Teixeira
- Lungs for Living Research Centre, UCL Respiratory, University College London, London WC1E 6JF, UK
| | - John Connelly
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, UK; Department of Pathology, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, UK
| | - João F Passos
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Marian A Ros
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnologia de Cantabria, IBBTEC (CSIC, Universidad de Cantabria), C/ Albert Einstein 22, 39011 Santander, Spain
| | | | - Margaret C Frame
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Andrew H Sims
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Luke Boulter
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Sam M Janes
- Lungs for Living Research Centre, UCL Respiratory, University College London, London WC1E 6JF, UK
| | - Simon Wilkinson
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, UK.
| | - Juan Carlos Acosta
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, UK; Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnologia de Cantabria, IBBTEC (CSIC, Universidad de Cantabria), C/ Albert Einstein 22, 39011 Santander, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Fernández-Duran I, Quintanilla A, Tarrats N, Birch J, Hari P, Millar FR, Lagnado AB, Smer-Barreto V, Muir M, Brunton VG, Passos JF, Acosta JC. Cytoplasmic innate immune sensing by the caspase-4 non-canonical inflammasome promotes cellular senescence. Cell Death Differ 2022; 29:1267-1282. [PMID: 34916628 PMCID: PMC9177556 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-021-00917-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytoplasmic recognition of microbial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in human cells is elicited by the caspase-4 and caspase-5 noncanonical inflammasomes, which induce a form of inflammatory cell death termed pyroptosis. Here we show that LPS-mediated activation of caspase-4 also induces a stress response promoting cellular senescence, which is dependent on the caspase-4 substrate gasdermin-D and the tumor suppressor p53. Furthermore, we found that the caspase-4 noncanonical inflammasome is induced and assembled in response to oncogenic RAS signaling during oncogene-induced senescence (OIS). Moreover, targeting caspase-4 expression in OIS showed its critical role in the senescence-associated secretory phenotype and the cell cycle arrest induced in cellular senescence. Finally, we observed that caspase-4 induction occurs in vivo in mouse models of tumor suppression and ageing. Altogether, we are showing that cellular senescence is induced by cytoplasmic LPS recognition by the noncanonical inflammasome and that this pathway is conserved in the cellular response to oncogenic stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irene Fernández-Duran
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Andrea Quintanilla
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Núria Tarrats
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Jodie Birch
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Priya Hari
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Fraser R Millar
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Anthony B Lagnado
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Vanessa Smer-Barreto
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Morwenna Muir
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Valerie G Brunton
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK
| | - João F Passos
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Juan Carlos Acosta
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK.
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria, IBBTEC (CSIC, Universidad de Cantabria). C/ Albert Einstein 22, Santander, 39011, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Quintanilla A, Carbajo J, Casas J, Miranzo P, Osendi M, Belmonte M. Graphene-based nanostructures as catalysts for wet peroxide oxidation treatments: From nanopowders to 3D printed porous monoliths. Catal Today 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2019.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
6
|
Lafita-Navarro MC, Liaño-Pons J, Quintanilla A, Varela I, Blanco R, Ourique F, Bretones G, Aresti J, Molina E, Carroll P, Hurlin P, Romero OA, Sanchez-Céspedes M, Eisenman RN, Delgado MD, León J. The MNT transcription factor autoregulates its expression and supports proliferation in MYC-associated factor X (MAX)-deficient cells. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:2001-2017. [PMID: 31919096 PMCID: PMC7029127 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.010389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The MAX network transcriptional repressor (MNT) is an MXD family transcription factor of the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) family. MNT dimerizes with another transcriptional regulator, MYC-associated factor X (MAX), and down-regulates genes by binding to E-boxes. MAX also dimerizes with MYC, an oncogenic bHLH transcription factor. Upon E-box binding, the MYC-MAX dimer activates gene expression. MNT also binds to the MAX dimerization protein MLX (MLX), and MNT-MLX and MNT-MAX dimers co-exist. However, all MNT functions have been attributed to MNT-MAX dimers, and no functions of the MNT-MLX dimer have been described. MNT's biological role has been linked to its function as a MYC oncogene modulator, but little is known about its regulation. We show here that MNT localizes to the nucleus of MAX-expressing cells and that MNT-MAX dimers bind and repress the MNT promoter, an effect that depends on one of the two E-boxes on this promoter. In MAX-deficient cells, MNT was overexpressed and redistributed to the cytoplasm. Interestingly, MNT was required for cell proliferation even in the absence of MAX. We show that in MAX-deficient cells, MNT binds to MLX, but also forms homodimers. RNA-sequencing experiments revealed that MNT regulates the expression of several genes even in the absence of MAX, with many of these genes being involved in cell cycle regulation and DNA repair. Of note, MNT-MNT homodimers regulated the transcription of some genes involved in cell proliferation. The tight regulation of MNT and its functionality even without MAX suggest a major role for MNT in cell proliferation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Carmen Lafita-Navarro
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), Universidad de Cantabria-CSIC, and Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad de Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain
| | - Judit Liaño-Pons
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), Universidad de Cantabria-CSIC, and Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad de Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain
| | - Andrea Quintanilla
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), Universidad de Cantabria-CSIC, and Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad de Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain
| | - Ignacio Varela
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), Universidad de Cantabria-CSIC, and Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad de Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain
| | - Rosa Blanco
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), Universidad de Cantabria-CSIC, and Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad de Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain
| | - Fabiana Ourique
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), Universidad de Cantabria-CSIC, and Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad de Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain
| | - Gabriel Bretones
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), Universidad de Cantabria-CSIC, and Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad de Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain
| | - Julia Aresti
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), Universidad de Cantabria-CSIC, and Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad de Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain
| | - Ester Molina
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), Universidad de Cantabria-CSIC, and Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad de Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain
| | - Patrick Carroll
- Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109
| | - Peter Hurlin
- Shriners Hospitals for Children Research Center, and Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239
| | - Octavio A Romero
- Genes and Cancer Group, Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute-IDIBELL, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montse Sanchez-Céspedes
- Genes and Cancer Group, Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute-IDIBELL, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Robert N Eisenman
- Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109
| | - M Dolores Delgado
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), Universidad de Cantabria-CSIC, and Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad de Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain
| | - Javier León
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), Universidad de Cantabria-CSIC, and Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad de Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Pantazi A, Quintanilla A, Hari P, Tarrats N, Parasyraki E, Dix FL, Patel J, Chandra T, Acosta JC, Finch AJ. Inhibition of the 60S ribosome biogenesis GTPase LSG1 causes endoplasmic reticular disruption and cellular senescence. Aging Cell 2019; 18:e12981. [PMID: 31148378 PMCID: PMC6612703 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 04/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is triggered by diverse stimuli and is characterized by long-term growth arrest and secretion of cytokines and chemokines (termed the SASP-senescence-associated secretory phenotype). Senescence can be organismally beneficial as it can prevent the propagation of damaged or mutated clones and stimulate their clearance by immune cells. However, it has recently become clear that senescence also contributes to the pathophysiology of aging through the accumulation of damaged cells within tissues. Here, we describe that inhibition of the reaction catalysed by LSG1, a GTPase involved in the biogenesis of the 60S ribosomal subunit, leads to a robust induction of cellular senescence. Perhaps surprisingly, this was not due to ribosome depletion or translational insufficiency, but rather through perturbation of endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis and a dramatic upregulation of the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway. The underlying transcriptomic signature is shared with several other forms of senescence, and the cholesterol biosynthesis genes contribute to the cell cycle arrest in oncogene-induced senescence. Furthermore, targeting of LSG1 resulted in amplification of the cholesterol/ER signature and restoration of a robust cellular senescence response in transformed cells, suggesting potential therapeutic uses of LSG1 inhibition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asimina Pantazi
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular MedicineUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Andrea Quintanilla
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular MedicineUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Priya Hari
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular MedicineUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Nuria Tarrats
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular MedicineUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Eleftheria Parasyraki
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular MedicineUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Flora L. Dix
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular MedicineUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Jaiyogesh Patel
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular MedicineUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Tamir Chandra
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular MedicineUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Juan Carlos Acosta
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular MedicineUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Andrew J. Finch
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular MedicineUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hari P, Millar FR, Tarrats N, Birch J, Quintanilla A, Rink CJ, Fernández-Duran I, Muir M, Finch AJ, Brunton VG, Passos JF, Morton JP, Boulter L, Acosta JC. The innate immune sensor Toll-like receptor 2 controls the senescence-associated secretory phenotype. Sci Adv 2019; 5:eaaw0254. [PMID: 31183403 PMCID: PMC6551188 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaw0254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a stress response program characterized by a robust cell cycle arrest and the induction of a proinflammatory senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) that is triggered through an unknown mechanism. Here, we show that, during oncogene-induced senescence (OIS), the Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and its partner TLR10 are key mediators of senescence in vitro and in murine models. TLR2 promotes cell cycle arrest by regulating the tumor suppressors p53-p21CIP1, p16INK4a, and p15INK4b and regulates the SASP through the induction of the acute-phase serum amyloids A1 and A2 (A-SAAs) that, in turn, function as the damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) signaling through TLR2 in OIS. Last, we found evidence that the cGAS-STING cytosolic DNA sensing pathway primes TLR2 and A-SAAs expression in OIS. In summary, we report that innate immune sensing of senescence-associated DAMPs by TLR2 controls the SASP and reinforces the cell cycle arrest program in OIS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Priya Hari
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Fraser R. Millar
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Nuria Tarrats
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Jodie Birch
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University Institute for Ageing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK
| | - Andrea Quintanilla
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Curtis J. Rink
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
| | - Irene Fernández-Duran
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Morwenna Muir
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Andrew J. Finch
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Valerie G. Brunton
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - João F. Passos
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University Institute for Ageing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK
- Department of Physiology and Biochemical Engineering Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Jennifer P. Morton
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
| | - Luke Boulter
- MRC-Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Juan Carlos Acosta
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Teo YV, Rattanavirotkul N, Olova N, Salzano A, Quintanilla A, Tarrats N, Kiourtis C, Müller M, Green AR, Adams PD, Acosta JC, Bird TG, Kirschner K, Neretti N, Chandra T. Notch Signaling Mediates Secondary Senescence. Cell Rep 2019; 27:997-1007.e5. [PMID: 31018144 PMCID: PMC6486482 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.03.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oncogene-induced senescence (OIS) is a tumor suppressive response to oncogene activation that can be transmitted to neighboring cells through secreted factors of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Currently, primary and secondary senescent cells are not considered functionally distinct endpoints. Using single-cell analysis, we observed two distinct transcriptional endpoints, a primary endpoint marked by Ras and a secondary endpoint marked by Notch activation. We find that secondary oncogene-induced senescence in vitro and in vivo requires Notch, rather than SASP alone, as previously thought. Moreover, Notch signaling weakens, but does not abolish, SASP in secondary senescence. Global transcriptomic differences, a blunted SASP response, and the induction of fibrillar collagens in secondary senescence point toward a functional diversification between secondary and primary senescence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yee Voan Teo
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Nattaphong Rattanavirotkul
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Nelly Olova
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Angela Salzano
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Andrea Quintanilla
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Nuria Tarrats
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Christos Kiourtis
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK; CRUK Beatson Institute, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | | | - Anthony R Green
- Wellcome/MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute and Department of Haematology, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK
| | - Peter D Adams
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK; CRUK Beatson Institute, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK; Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Juan-Carlos Acosta
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Thomas G Bird
- CRUK Beatson Institute, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK; MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH164TJ, UK
| | - Kristina Kirschner
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK.
| | - Nicola Neretti
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA; Center for Computational Molecular Biology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02906, USA.
| | - Tamir Chandra
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Rodriguez J, Herrero A, Li S, Rauch N, Quintanilla A, Wynne K, Krstic A, Acosta JC, Taylor C, Schlisio S, von Kriegsheim A. PHD3 Regulates p53 Protein Stability by Hydroxylating Proline 359. Cell Rep 2018; 24:1316-1329. [PMID: 30067985 PMCID: PMC6088137 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.06.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Revised: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular p53 protein levels are regulated by a ubiquitination/de-ubiquitination cycle that can target the protein for proteasomal destruction. The ubiquitination reaction is catalyzed by a multitude of ligases, whereas the removal of ubiquitin chains is mediated by two deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs), USP7 (HAUSP) and USP10. Here, we show that PHD3 hydroxylates p53 at proline 359, a residue that is in the p53-DUB binding domain. Hydroxylation of p53 upon proline 359 regulates its interaction with USP7 and USP10, and its inhibition decreases the association of p53 with USP7/USP10, increases p53 ubiquitination, and rapidly reduces p53 protein levels independently of mRNA expression. Our results show that p53 is a PHD3 substrate and that hydroxylation by PHD3 regulates p53 protein stability through modulation of ubiquitination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Javier Rodriguez
- Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland; Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, IGMM, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Ana Herrero
- Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Shuijie Li
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Ltd., SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Microbiology and Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nora Rauch
- Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Andrea Quintanilla
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, IGMM, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Kieran Wynne
- Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Aleksandar Krstic
- Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Juan Carlos Acosta
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, IGMM, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Cormac Taylor
- Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Susanne Schlisio
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Ltd., SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Microbiology and Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alex von Kriegsheim
- Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland; Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, IGMM, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Diaz de Tuesta J, Quintanilla A, Casas J, Rodriguez J. P-, B- and N-doped carbon black for the catalytic wet peroxide oxidation of phenol: Activity, stability and kinetic studies. CATAL COMMUN 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2017.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
|
12
|
Quintanilla A, Rodriguez J, Garcia-Gutierrez L, Lorena A, Crespo P, León. J. Abstract PR15: ERK2 binds to MYC promoter and induces MYC expression. Mol Cancer Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1158/1557-3125.myc15-pr15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
It has been known since 30 years ago that serum and growth factors induce a dramatic upregulation of MYC expression in quiescent cells, but the molecular mechanism for this effect is unknown. It has been reported that ERK can bind to DNA and modify gene expression (Hu et al., Cell, 2009). We have investigated the possibility that ERK directly upregulates MYC at the transcriptional level. We have found that: (i) Bioinformatic analyses reveal the presence of ERK binding sites (ERK boxes) conserved in human, mice and rat MYC promoters, located at -0.3 kbp, -1 kbp and -1.7 kbp from the transcription star site; (ii) ERK binds to these ERK boxes by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) in rat, mouse and human cells upon ERK stimulation, attained either by serum, induction of a N-Ras oncogene or by transfection of a nuclear tethered ERK2; (iii) ERK2 binding correlates with the upregulation of MYC mRNA and protein; (iv) ERK2 activates a luciferase reporter containing a conserved ERK box of the human MYC gene, but not a reporter with the mutated ERK box; (v) ERK2 binds to Cdk9 (the kinase component of pTEFb) in the nucleus as assessed by co-immunoprecipitation and in situ Proximity Ligase Assay (PLA); (vi) the ChIP signal on human MYC promoter detected with anti-ERK2 coincides with that observed with anti-Cdk9 antibodies; and (vii) siRNA-mediated knock-down of Cdk9 impairs MYC up-regulation by ERK2. In the data obtainied so far, we hypothesize that the induction of MYC in response to serum or growth factors might follow this mechanism: growth factors > Ras activation > ERK translocation to nuclei > binding to MYC promoter > recruitment or hyperactivation of pTEFb factor > MYC transcription.
Citation Format: Andrea Quintanilla, Javier Rodriguez, Lucía Garcia-Gutierrez, Agudo Lorena, Piero Crespo, Javier León. ERK2 binds to MYC promoter and induces MYC expression. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Myc: From Biology to Therapy; Jan 7-10, 2015; La Jolla, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Res 2015;13(10 Suppl):Abstract nr PR15.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Javier Rodriguez
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | | | - Agudo Lorena
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Piero Crespo
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Javier León.
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Bedia J, Calvo L, Lemus J, Quintanilla A, Casas J, Mohedano A, Zazo J, Rodriguez J, Gilarranz M. Colloidal and microemulsion synthesis of rhenium nanoparticles in aqueous medium. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2015.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
14
|
Garcia-Sanz P, Quintanilla A, Lafita MC, Moreno-Bueno G, García-Gutierrez L, Tabor V, Varela I, Shiio Y, Larsson LG, Portillo F, Leon J. Sin3b interacts with Myc and decreases Myc levels. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:22221-36. [PMID: 24951594 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.538744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Myc expression is deregulated in many human cancers. A yeast two-hybrid screen has revealed that the transcriptional repressor Sin3b interacts with Myc protein. Endogenous Myc and Sin3b co-localize and interact in the nuclei of human and rat cells, as assessed by co-immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence, and proximity ligation assay. The interaction is Max-independent. A conserved Myc region (amino acids 186-203) is required for the interaction with Sin3 proteins. Histone deacetylase 1 is recruited to Myc-Sin3b complexes, and its deacetylase activity is required for the effects of Sin3b on Myc. Myc and Sin3a/b co-occupied many sites on the chromatin of human leukemia cells, although the presence of Sin3 was not associated with gene down-regulation. In leukemia cells and fibroblasts, Sin3b silencing led to Myc up-regulation, whereas Sin3b overexpression induced Myc deacetylation and degradation. An analysis of Sin3b expression in breast tumors revealed an association between low Sin3b expression and disease progression. The data suggest that Sin3b decreases Myc protein levels upon Myc deacetylation. As Sin3b is also required for transcriptional repression by Mxd-Max complexes, our results suggest that, at least in some cell types, Sin3b limits Myc activity through two complementary activities: Mxd-dependent gene repression and reduction of Myc levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Garcia-Sanz
- From the Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Cantabria, Sociedad para el Desarrollo de Cantabria and the Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander 39011, Spain, the Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario La Paz (IdiPaz), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28046 Madrid, Spain, the Fundación M. D. Anderson Internacional, Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrea Quintanilla
- From the Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Cantabria, Sociedad para el Desarrollo de Cantabria and the Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander 39011, Spain
| | - M Carmen Lafita
- From the Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Cantabria, Sociedad para el Desarrollo de Cantabria and the Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander 39011, Spain
| | - Gema Moreno-Bueno
- the Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario La Paz (IdiPaz), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28046 Madrid, Spain, the Fundación M. D. Anderson Internacional, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucia García-Gutierrez
- From the Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Cantabria, Sociedad para el Desarrollo de Cantabria and the Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander 39011, Spain
| | - Vedrana Tabor
- the Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm SE-17177, Sweden, and
| | - Ignacio Varela
- From the Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Cantabria, Sociedad para el Desarrollo de Cantabria and the Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander 39011, Spain
| | - Yuzuru Shiio
- the Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, The University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas 78229-3900
| | - Lars-Gunnar Larsson
- the Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm SE-17177, Sweden, and
| | - Francisco Portillo
- the Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario La Paz (IdiPaz), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28046 Madrid, Spain,
| | - Javier Leon
- From the Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Cantabria, Sociedad para el Desarrollo de Cantabria and the Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander 39011, Spain,
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Garcia L, Ferrandiz N, Caraballo J, Lafita M, Bretones G, Quintanilla A, Muñoz-Alonso M, Blanco R, Agell N, Leon J. 669 P21WAF1 Represses Cell Cycle Genes in K562 Cells Acting as a Transcriptional Modulator. Eur J Cancer 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(12)71314-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
16
|
Ferrándiz N, Caraballo JM, García-Gutierrez L, Devgan V, Rodriguez-Paredes M, Lafita MC, Bretones G, Quintanilla A, Muñoz-Alonso MJ, Blanco R, Reyes JC, Agell N, Delgado MD, Dotto GP, León J. p21 as a transcriptional co-repressor of S-phase and mitotic control genes. PLoS One 2012; 7:e37759. [PMID: 22662213 PMCID: PMC3360621 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0037759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2011] [Accepted: 04/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been previously described that p21 functions not only as a CDK inhibitor but also as a transcriptional co-repressor in some systems. To investigate the roles of p21 in transcriptional control, we studied the gene expression changes in two human cell systems. Using a human leukemia cell line (K562) with inducible p21 expression and human primary keratinocytes with adenoviral-mediated p21 expression, we carried out microarray-based gene expression profiling. We found that p21 rapidly and strongly repressed the mRNA levels of a number of genes involved in cell cycle and mitosis. One of the most strongly down-regulated genes was CCNE2 (cyclin E2 gene). Mutational analysis in K562 cells showed that the N-terminal region of p21 is required for repression of gene expression of CCNE2 and other genes. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays indicated that p21 was bound to human CCNE2 and other p21-repressed genes gene in the vicinity of the transcription start site. Moreover, p21 repressed human CCNE2 promoter-luciferase constructs in K562 cells. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that the CDE motif is present in most of the promoters of the p21-regulated genes. Altogether, the results suggest that p21 exerts a repressive effect on a relevant number of genes controlling S phase and mitosis. Thus, p21 activity as inhibitor of cell cycle progression would be mediated not only by the inhibition of CDKs but also by the transcriptional down-regulation of key genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Ferrándiz
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), Universidad de Cantabria–CSIC–SODERCAN, Santander, Spain
| | - Juan M. Caraballo
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), Universidad de Cantabria–CSIC–SODERCAN, Santander, Spain
| | - Lucía García-Gutierrez
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), Universidad de Cantabria–CSIC–SODERCAN, Santander, Spain
| | - Vikram Devgan
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachussetts, United States of America
| | - Manuel Rodriguez-Paredes
- Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa (CABIMER), CSIC, Américo Vespucio s/n, Sevilla, Spain
| | - M. Carmen Lafita
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), Universidad de Cantabria–CSIC–SODERCAN, Santander, Spain
| | - Gabriel Bretones
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), Universidad de Cantabria–CSIC–SODERCAN, Santander, Spain
| | - Andrea Quintanilla
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), Universidad de Cantabria–CSIC–SODERCAN, Santander, Spain
| | - M. Jose Muñoz-Alonso
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), Universidad de Cantabria–CSIC–SODERCAN, Santander, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa Blanco
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), Universidad de Cantabria–CSIC–SODERCAN, Santander, Spain
| | - Jose C. Reyes
- Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa (CABIMER), CSIC, Américo Vespucio s/n, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Neus Agell
- Departament de Biologia Cellular, Immunologia i Neurociències, Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M. Dolores Delgado
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), Universidad de Cantabria–CSIC–SODERCAN, Santander, Spain
| | - G. Paolo Dotto
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachussetts, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Javier León
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), Universidad de Cantabria–CSIC–SODERCAN, Santander, Spain
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Quintanilla A, Butselaar-Orthlieb V, Kwakernaak C, Sloof W, Kreutzer M, Kapteijn F. Weakly bound capping agents on gold nanoparticles in catalysis: Surface poison? J Catal 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2010.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
18
|
Zazo JA, Casas JA, Molina CB, Quintanilla A, Rodriguez JJ. Evolution of ecotoxicity upon Fenton's oxidation of phenol in water. Environ Sci Technol 2007; 41:7164-70. [PMID: 17993164 DOI: 10.1021/es071063l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
This work deals with the evolution of intermediates and ecotoxicity upon Fenton's oxidation of phenol in aqueous solution. The EC50 values of the intermediates identified in the oxidation pathway of phenol have been measured. Some of these compounds, mainly hydroquinone and p-benzoquinone, showed toxicity levels much higher than phenol itself. Depending on the operating conditions, these intermediates could be completely transformed into organic acids, mainly oxalic and formic. Ecotoxicity values substantially lower than those expected from the chemical composition were measured in the reaction samples. This is explained by a reduction of the concentration of aromatic intermediates when the pH was adjusted at 6-8 (according to what is required by the standard bioassay ISO 11348-3). Formation of complexes between hydroquinone and p-benzoquinone at increasing pH can remove from solution those highly toxic intermediates whose very low EC50 values give rise to a high ecotoxicity even at fairly low concentrations. This together with the enhanced decomposition of residual H202 at increasing pH represent important beneficial effects of the neutralization step following Fenton treatment which allow a complementary cleaning of the effluent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J A Zazo
- Ingeniería Química, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Ctra. Colmenar Km 15, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Abstract
Catalytic wet peroxide oxidation (CWPO) of phenol with a homemade Fe/activated carbon (Fe/AC) catalyst has been studied in a stainless steel fixed-bed reactor at different operating conditions (T=23-100 degrees C, P(T)=1-8atm, W=0-2.5g, and tau=20-320g(CAT)h/g(Phenol)). The results show that, thanks to the incorporation of Fe on the activated carbon, phenol conversion improved dramatically, reaching a 90% at 65 degrees C, 2atm, and 40g(CAT)h/g(Phenol). However, TOC conversion values remain fairly low, (around 5% at 40g(CAT)h/g(Phenol)), and no improvement was obtained with the inclusion of Fe. The presence of Fe seems to promote the nondesirable coupling reactions that take place in CWPO of phenol due to the condensation of the ring intermediates (the primary phenol oxidation products). These condensation products are quite refractory to CWPO at the conditions employed. Taking advantage of the high phenol conversions in CWPO and the high phenol mineralization in CWAO, along with the good stability of the Fe/AC catalyst, a CWPO-CWAO sequential treatment has been successfully performed by using a fixed-bed and trickle-bed reactor in series. A CWPO treatment at ambient conditions followed by a CWAO treatment at mild conditions (100 degrees C and 8atm) is presented as high efficiency process for the decontamination of phenolic wastewaters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Quintanilla
- Area de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
|
21
|
|
22
|
Santos A, Yustos P, Quintanilla A, García-Ochoa F, Casas JA, Rodríguez JJ. Evolution of toxicity upon wet catalytic oxidation of phenol. Environ Sci Technol 2004; 38:133-138. [PMID: 14740728 DOI: 10.1021/es030476t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
This work reports on the evolution of the toxicity of phenol-containing simulated wastewater upon catalytic wet oxidation with a commercial copper-based catalyst (Engelhard Cu-0203T). The results of the study show that this catalyst enhances detoxification, in addition to its effect on the oxidation rate. The EC50 values of the intermediates identified throughout the oxidation route of phenol have been determined and used to predict the evolution of toxicity upon oxidation. The predicted values have been compared with the ones measured directly from the aqueous solution during the oxidation process. To learn about the evolution of toxicity through out the routes of phenol oxidation, experiments have been performed with simulated wastewaters containing separately phenol, catechol, and hydroquinone as original pollutants. The significant increase of toxicity observed during the early stages of phenol oxidation is not directly related to the development of the brown color that derives mainly from catechol oxidation. This increase of toxicity is caused by the formation of hydroquinone and p-benzoquinone as intermediates, the former showing the highest toxicity. Furthermore, synergistic effects, giving rise to a significant increase of toxicity, have been observed. These effects derive from the interactions among copper leached from the catalyst and catechol, hydroquinone, and p-benzoquinone and demand that close attention be paid to this potential problem in catalytic wet oxidation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Santos
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ciences Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Cuidad Universitaria s/n 28040, Madrid, Spain.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Cearreta A, Irabien MJ, Leorri E, Yusta I, Quintanilla A, Zabaleta A. Environmental transformation of the Bilbao estuary, N. Spain: microfaunal and geochemical proxies in the recent sedimentary record. Mar Pollut Bull 2002; 44:487-503. [PMID: 12146832 DOI: 10.1016/s0025-326x(01)00261-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The distribution and abundance of benthic foraminifera and a range of elements have been analysed in six long cores (up to 10 m long) from the Bilbao estuary, N. Spain, to document environmental transformation of this estuarine ecosystem and to determine sediment contamination levels. Three different environmental zones could be distinguished in the recent sedimentary record based on its microfaunal and geochemical contents. Initially, a pre-industrial zone containing very abundant and diverse foraminiferal assemblages together with baseline metal levels. Secondly, an older industrial zone exhibiting co-existence of abundant and diverse foraminiferal assemblages with high concentrations of metals. Finally, a younger industrial zone with extreme concentrations of metals and barren of indigenous foraminifera. This environmental transformation has been caused by the discharge of untreated domestic and industrial effluents during the last 150 years. The occurrence of foraminifera in the two industrial zones and along the estuary is not related to defined levels of metals, and this seems to confirm oxygen limitation as the key factor to explain complete estuarine defaunation during deposition of the younger industrial zone (period 1950-2000). Effectiveness of current regeneration schemes could be assessed using microfaunal and geochemical proxies as environmental quality indicators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Cearreta
- Departamento de Estratigrafía y Paleontología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del País Vasco/EHU, Bilbao, Spain.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Quintanilla A. Comments on "Channel surfing" column. Biotechniques 2001; 31:54. [PMID: 11469228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Quintanilla
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Platero JS, Csink AK, Quintanilla A, Henikoff S. Changes in chromosomal localization of heterochromatin-binding proteins during the cell cycle in Drosophila. J Cell Biol 1998; 140:1297-306. [PMID: 9508764 PMCID: PMC2132683 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.140.6.1297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/1997] [Revised: 01/22/1998] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We examined the heterochromatic binding of GAGA factor and proliferation disrupter (Prod) proteins during the cell cycle in Drosophila melanogaster and sibling species. GAGA factor binding to the brownDominant AG-rich satellite sequence insertion was seen at metaphase, however, no binding of GAGA factor to AG-rich sequences was observed at interphase in polytene or diploid nuclei. Comparable mitosis-specific binding was found for Prod protein to its target satellite in pericentric heterochromatin. At interphase, these proteins bind numerous dispersed sites in euchromatin, indicating that they move from euchromatin to heterochromatin and back every cell cycle. The presence of Prod in heterochromatin for a longer portion of the cell cycle than GAGA factor suggests that they cycle between euchromatin and heterochromatin independently. We propose that movement of GAGA factor and Prod from high affinity sites in euchromatin occurs upon condensation of metaphase chromosomes. Upon decondensation, GAGA factor and Prod shift from low affinity sites within satellite DNA back to euchromatic sites as a self-assembly process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J S Platero
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109-1024, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
|
27
|
Chen F, Barkett M, Ram KT, Quintanilla A, Hariharan IK. Biological characterization of Drosophila Rapgap1, a GTPase activating protein for Rap1. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1997; 94:12485-90. [PMID: 9356476 PMCID: PMC25011 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.94.23.12485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The activity of Ras family proteins is modulated in vivo by the function of GTPase activating proteins, which increase their intrinsic rate of GTP hydrolysis. We have isolated cDNAs encoding a GAP for the Drosophila Rap1 GTPase. Drosophila Rapgap1 encodes an 850-amino acid protein with a central region that displays substantial sequence similarity to human RapGAP. This domain, when expressed in Escherichia coli, potently stimulates Rap1 GTPase activity in vitro. Unlike Rap1, which is ubiquitously expressed, Rapgap1 expression is highly restricted. Rapgap1 is expressed at high levels in the developing photoreceptor cells and in the optic lobe. Rapgap1 mRNA is also localized in the pole plasm in an oskar-dependent manner. Although mutations that completely abolish Rapgap1 function display no obvious phenotypic abnormalities, overexpression of Rapgap1 induces a rough eye phenotype that is exacerbated by reducing Rap1 gene dosage. Thus, Rapgap1 can function as a negative regulator of Rap1-mediated signaling in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Chen
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Building 149, 13th Street, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Sánchez R, Provencio M, Cano A, Quintanilla A, Ramón y Cajal S. 450 Squamous cell carcinoma cells become sensitive to DNA-damaging agents after infection with the adenovirus E1A. Eur J Cancer 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0959-8049(95)95703-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
29
|
Hariharan IK, Hu KQ, Asha H, Quintanilla A, Ezzell RM, Settleman J. Characterization of rho GTPase family homologues in Drosophila melanogaster: overexpressing Rho1 in retinal cells causes a late developmental defect. EMBO J 1995; 14:292-302. [PMID: 7835340 PMCID: PMC398083 DOI: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1995.tb07003.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The rho family of GTPases has been implicated in regulating changes in cell morphology in response to extracellular signals. We have cloned three widely expressed members of this family from Drosophila melanogaster; a rho homologue (Rho1) and two rac homologues (Rac1 and Rac2). Flies harbouring a Rho1 transgene that is specifically expressed in the eye exhibit a dramatic dose dependent disruption of normal eye development. Flies bearing at least two copies of the transgene display a severe rough eye phenotype characterized by missing secondary and tertiary pigment cells, a substantial reduction in the number of photoreceptor cells and a grossly abnormal morphology of the rhabdomeres. Cell fate determination in the imaginal disc occurs normally and abnormalities become manifest late in pupariation, coincident with the phase when the cells undergo major morphological changes. This phenotype is modified by mutations at several other loci that have been implicated in signal transduction, but not by mutations in ras pathway components.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I K Hariharan
- MGH Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Ivanovich P, Hammerschmidt DE, Quintanilla A, Kishimoto T, Tanaka H, Levin N, Klinkmann H. Behaviour of platelets and beta-thromboglobulin. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1993; 8 Suppl 2:15-9. [PMID: 8272246 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/8.supp2.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelet count, platelet aggregation responses, and plasma beta-thromboglobulin were assessed before and at intervals during each study dialysis. As expected, modest thrombocytopenia was observed following treatment with all dialysers, but Filtral showed the least effect. Concordantly, modest increases in plasma beta-thromboglobulin were observed with all devices except Filtral (caveat: the device also seems to adsorb beta-thromboglobulin). Interpatient variability was more striking for platelet aggregation responses, and made it difficult to discern patterns; however, aggregation in response to ADP was augmented during haemodialysis with the Filtral device, and blunted when the G120 M was employed. Differences between hollow-fibre and parallel plate devices with the same membrane material suggest that membrane geometry, manufacturing residues, membrane support, or potting materials may also contribute to platelet activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Ivanovich
- Department of Medicine, VA Lakeside Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60611
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Abstract
Most converting enzyme inhibitors share a predominantly renal dual elimination pathway consisting of glomerular filtration and tubular secretion. Since enalaprilat has two functional acidic groups, it is likely that it may be secreted via the proximal tubule organic acid system and, thus, its clearances would exceed that of glomerular filtration rate markers. We therefore examined the renal clearance of enalaprilat in normal volunteers and compared it with simultaneously measured inulin and creatinine clearances to explore the contribution of tubular secretion to the renal elimination of the drug. Twelve healthy male subjects with an age range of 24 to 58 years (mean +/- SE, 33.1 +/- 2.8) were studied. They had representative height (178.6 +/- 1.99 cm) and weight (73.3 +/- 2.1 kg) and had normal renal function as judged by blood urea nitrogen (BUN) (6 +/- 0.3 mmol/L [17 +/- 0.8 mg/dL]), plasma creatinine (88 +/- 3 mumol/L [1.0 +/- 0.03 mg/dL]), and creatinine clearance determined by a prestudy 24-hour urine collection (123.2 +/- 6.2 mL/min). Results are as follows: mean creatinine clearance, 2.12 mL/s (127 mL/min); mean inulin clearance, 119.1 ml/min mean creatinine clearance/inulin clearance, 1.07 mean enalaprilat protein binding, 37.9% unbound enalaprilat clearance, 222.4 ml/min; and the mean fractional enalaprilat clearances were: enalaprilat clearance/creatinine clearance, 1.72 (P less than 0.05, difference from 1.0); enalaprilat clearance/inulin clearance, 1.85, (P less than 0.05, difference from 1.0). Our results demonstrate that the clearance of free enalaprilat exceeds that of inulin and creatinine, suggesting that elimination of the drug proceeds through two complementary pathways, namely glomerular filtration and tubular secretion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S K Mujais
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Muñoz BE, Barsano CP, Quintanilla A, Pullen GL, Iqbal Z, Dunn RB. The hepatocellular thyroid status of uremic rats estimated from the abundances of thyroid hormone-dependent nucleoplasmic proteins. Metabolism 1991; 40:645-50. [PMID: 1865828 DOI: 10.1016/0026-0495(91)90058-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Although the serum thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) concentrations of uremic rats are commensurate with moderate hypothyroidism, their thyroid status at the tissue level remains controversial. To help establish the hepatocellular thyroid status of uremic rats, a novel tissue marker (nuclear protein abundances) was evaluated in uremic rats (U), hypothyroid rats (H), and hypothyroid uremic rats (HU). Uremia was established by five-sixths nephrectomy. Moderate hypothyroidism was established by partial thyroidectomy or by provision of drinking water supplemented with propylthiouracil and T4. Normal rats (N) and pair-fed, sham-operated rats (1 to 3 weeks after surgery) served as controls. Animals were killed 1 to 5 weeks postoperatively. The following values were obtained 5 weeks after surgery, at which time the total and free serum T4 and T3 levels of the hypothyroid rats (H) were equivalent to those of the uremic rats (U). Total T4 (micrograms/dL +/- 1 SD): N, 5.4 +/- 1.7; H, 2.2 +/- 0.5; U, 1.9 +/- 1.5; HU, 0.5 +/- 0.0. Free T4 (ng/dL +/- 1 SD): N, 535 +/- 165; H, 126 +/- 37; U, 135 +/- 89; HU, 26 +/- 1. Total T3 (ng/dL +/- 1 SD): N, 63 +/- 20; H, 39 +/- 14; U, 38 +/- 18; HU, 13 +/- 4. Free T3 (ng/dL +/- 1 SD): N, 7.83 +/- 3.00; H, 3.87 +/- 1.05; U, 3.47 +/- 1.73; HU, 0.94 +/- 0.47. Hepatocellular thyroid status was estimated from the relative abundances of two nucleoplasmic proteins on polyacrylamide gel electrophoregrams.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B E Muñoz
- Department of Medicine, North Chicago VA Medical Center, Chicago Medical School, IL
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
|
34
|
Mujais SK, Quintanilla A. Chronic tubulo-interstitial nephritis: saga of the ubiquitous. Semin Nephrol 1988; 8:4-10. [PMID: 3283894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S K Mujais
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Barsano CP, Burke SF, Quintana M, Quintanilla A, Iqbal Z, Munoz E. The effects of postoperative factors on serum thyroid hormones and rat liver nuclear 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine receptor concentrations in surgical models of uremia and regenerating liver. Endocrinology 1987; 120:1354-60. [PMID: 3830053 DOI: 10.1210/endo-120-4-1354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
We have determined the individual effects of postoperative fasting, surgical/anesthetic factors, acute uremia (AU), and regenerating liver (RL) on nucleoplasmic (NP; 0.15 M KCl-extractable) and chromatin-bound (CB; 0.4 M KCl-extractable) rat liver T3 receptors. AU and RL rats were studied 24 h after bilateral nephrectomy (blood urea nitrogen, 128 +/- 13 mg/dl) or two thirds hepatectomy, respectively. The effects of postoperative fasting were assessed by comparison of normal rats (N) with control rats (N6) pair-fed to match the caloric intake of the AU and RL rats. Surgical/anesthetic effects were determined by comparison of N6 rats with sham-operated pair-fed rats (S6). The effects of AU or RL were obtained by comparison with S6 controls. Changes in mean body weight attributable to fasting (N6-N), surgical/anesthetic effects (S6-N6), acute uremia (AU-S6), and regenerating liver (RL-S6) were: -17.3 (P less than 0.001), -4.0 (P = NS), -4.5 (P less than 0.05), and -1.0 g/24 h (P = NS), respectively. Changes in mean serum T4 (N, 5.3 +/- 1.3 micrograms/dl) were: -1.0 (P = NS), -0.6 (P = NS), -0.9 (P less than 0.05), and -1.0 micrograms/dl (P less than 0.05), respectively. Changes in mean serum T3 (N, 53 +/- 23 ng/dl) were: -8 (P = NS), -18 (P less than 0.05), -10 (P = NS), and -14 ng/dl (P less than 0.05), respectively. The NP and CB receptor pools of the AU and RL rats were not significantly different from those of age-matched N rats (NP, 25 +/- 5 fmol/mg DNA; CB, 405 +/- 134 fmol/mg DNA). Chronically uremic (CU) rats 2 weeks after five sixths nephrectomy (blood urea nitrogen, 36 +/- 2 mg/dl) did not exhibit significant change in their extractable receptor pools. Complete starvation for 24 h (NO) or 72 h (NOO) generally resulted in marked reductions in receptor concentrations compared to those in age-matched N rats fed ad libitum: NP pool (N, 31 +/- 17 fmol/mg DNA): NO-N, -40% (P = NS); NOO-N, -59% (P less than 0.01); CB pool (N, 303 +/- 105 fmol/mg DNA): NO-N, -19% (P less than 0.05); NOO-N, -41% (P less than 0.001). These studies indicate that severe AU, moderate CU, and LR have relatively little effect on solubilized rat liver nuclear receptor concentrations. In contrast, complete starvation is a potent depressant of both nuclear receptor pools. In the surgical models of AU and LR, postoperative fasting was the primary cause of weight loss.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Collapse
|
36
|
Gullberg RM, Quintanilla A, Levin ML, Williams J, Phair JP. Sporotrichosis: recurrent cutaneous, articular, and central nervous system infection in a renal transplant recipient. Rev Infect Dis 1987; 9:369-75. [PMID: 3296101 DOI: 10.1093/clinids/9.2.369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A case of recurrent, disseminated sporotrichosis in a renal transplant recipient is reported in which two joints, the skin, and the central nervous system were involved. The disease recurred both eight months and three years after the initial treatment with amphotericin B. The second course of therapy with amphotericin B required systemic and intraarticular administration of the drug. The third course of therapy included systemic and intrathecal administration. The function of the cadaveric transplanted kidney was maintained throughout the first recurrence of disease by careful reduction of immunosuppressive therapy and attention to the level of antifungal therapy. The kidney could not be salvaged after the second recurrence because of continued amphotericin B nephrotoxicity; however, the patient was cured of his infection. Sporothrix (Sporotrichum) schenckii may be a difficult organism to eradicate in chronically immunosuppressed patients, but the disease it causes may be successfully treated with aggressive systemic therapy.
Collapse
|
37
|
Craig RM, Murphy P, Gibson TP, Quintanilla A, Chao GC, Cochrane C, Patterson A, Atkinson AJ. Kinetic analysis of D-xylose absorption in normal subjects and in patients with chronic renal failure. J Lab Clin Med 1983; 101:496-506. [PMID: 6827177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
D-Xylose kinetics were studied in 12 normal subjects and in nine patients with chronic renal failure requiring dialysis (five hemodialysis and four peritoneal dialysis). None of the study subjects had demonstrable gastrointestinal disease. Doses of D-xylose were given intravenously (10 gm) and orally (25 gm) on different nondialysis days in order to determine the distribution and elimination kinetics and the absolute bioavailability of this compound. Our findings were as follows. (1) The nonrenal clearance of D-xylose is markedly reduced in chronic renal failure patients (43.3 vs. 90.9 ml/min, p less than 0.002). (2) D-Xylose is less completely absorbed in patients with chronic renal failure than in normal subjects (48.6% vs. 69.4%, p less than 0.01). (3) The absorption rate of D-xylose is slower in these patients than in normal subjects (0.555 hr-1 vs. 1.03 hr-1, p less than 0.05). (4) The absorption rate is positively correlated with the extent of D-xylose absorption (r = 0.49, p = 0.03). (5) Although peak D-xylose concentrations measured 1 hr after oral administration are well correlated with the extent of D-xylose absorption in normal subjects and in functionally anephric patients (r = 0.59, p less than 0.01), formal kinetic study is required to determine D-xylose bioavailability precisely because of the large variability in peak serum D-xylose concentrations and in the time required to reach these peak concentrations.
Collapse
|
38
|
del Greco F, Huang CM, Quintanilla A, Krumlovsky F, Roxe DM, Santhanam S. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in primary and secondary hypertension. Ann Clin Lab Sci 1981; 11:497-505. [PMID: 6119955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Important advances have been made in understanding the role of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in the pathogenesis and diagnosis of hypertensive disorders. Measurement of plasma renin activity (PRA) and aldosterone is very important in the assessment of secondary hypertension. Hypertensions with increased PRA include renovascular hypertension, some cases of unilateral and bilateral renal parenchymal disease, malignant hypertension, hypertension associated with oral contraceptive agents, and renin-secreting tumors. Hypertension with decreased PRA is observed in four recognized types of primary aldosteronism: adenoma, bilateral hyperplasia, indeterminate aldosteronism, and glucocorticoid-responsive aldosteronism. Other conditions with hypertension and depressed PRA include ACTH and DOC secreting tumors, primary hyperpituitarism, syndromes of 17-hydroxylase and 11-beta-hydroxylase deficiency. Liddle's syndrome, licorice abuse, exogenous administration of mineralocorticoids, and preeclampsia.
Collapse
|
39
|
Huang CM, del Greco F, Quintanilla A, Molteni A. Comparison of antihypertensive effects of captopril and propranolol in essential hypertension. JAMA 1981; 245:478-82. [PMID: 7005474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The antihypertensive effects of the oral converting enzyme inhibitor captopril and of propranolol were evaluated in a single-blind trial of 12 weeks in 19 ambulatory men with moderated essential hypertension (supine diastolic blood pressure [DPB], 100 to 120 mm Hg after receiving placebo for two weeks) whose sodium intake was unrestricted. The captopril group included 12 patients and the propranolol group seven. After the initial dose-finding period of four weeks, supine DBP was significantly reduced in eight patients receiving captopril and in four of the patients receiving propranolol. In these patients DBP decreased throughout the following eight weeks. In the remaining patients from each group, DBP was not reduced by either drug given alone at maximum allowable dosages during dose-finding periods, nor by combined administration in following weeks. No adverse side effects attributable to captopril were noted, except in one patient in whom proteinuria developed after seven weeks. Captopril has potential value in the treatment of moderate essential hypertension.
Collapse
|
40
|
Roxe DM, del Greco F, Hughes J, Krumlovsky F, Ghantous W, Ivanovich P, Quintanilla A, Salkin M, Stone NJ, Reins M. Hemodialysis vs. peritoneal dialysis: results of a 3-year prospective controlled study. Kidney Int 1981; 19:341-8. [PMID: 7230619 DOI: 10.1038/ki.1981.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
A prospective comparison of peritoneal dialysis to hemodialysis was undertaken to identify advantages and disadvantages of either treatment relative to the other. Hematologic, biochemical, lipid, and neurobehavioral parameters were followed. Careful controls were imposed to assure that the treatment groups were comparable. Patients on peritoneal dialysis proved to have more normal concentrations of BUN, hemoglobin, potassium, bicarbonate, and high-density lipoproteins. Hemodialysis patients had more normal concentrations of albumin, total protein, and calcium. Hypertriglyceridemia was only minimally greater in peritoneal patients. Neurobehavioral results documented multiple abnormalities in both. The profile of results obtained provides preliminary criteria for selecting either form of dialysis for a particular patient.
Collapse
|
41
|
Gibson TP, Quintanilla A. Effect of quinidine on the renal handling of digoxin. J Lab Clin Med 1980; 96:1062-70. [PMID: 7430762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The effect of left renal artery infusion of quinidine, 37.5 microgram (base)/kg/min on the renal clearance of ultrafilterable digoxin was studied in eight dogs given 0.06 mg/kg digoxin 24 hr previously. Digoxin was measured by 125I RIA, whose specificity was confirmed by HPLC. Within 15 min of the start of the infusion, the digoxin clearance decreased on the left 7.3 +/- 5.8 ml/min and on the right 6.1 +/- 6.4 ml/min, p < 0.02 and 0.05, respectively, compared to control. Quinidine infusion did not alter Cin. CDIG returned toward prequinidine infusion values after the infusion was stopped. We conclude that quinidine has a prompt and direct effect on the renal clearance of digoxin.
Collapse
|
42
|
Abstract
Formation of CO2 from uniformly labeled 14C-glucose was measured in liver slices from uremic and normal rats. Both CO2 formation and lactate concentration were decreased in the uremic liver slices suggesting an inhibition of glucose oxidation. In addition, a net loss of glucose from the medium in the uremic preparation and a net gain in the normal controls suggested that there was increased nonoxidative utilization in the uremic liver. Such changes could not be explained by differences in glucose availability consequent to alterations in glycogen degradation. The most likely explanation is diversion of glucose into other biosynthetic pathways such as the synthesis of amino acids. In this regard, synthesis of glutamine appeared to be enhanced in uremia. Thus, products of carbohydrate metabolism may provide a potential mechanism for disposition of ammonia and synthesis of amino acids in uremia.
Collapse
|
43
|
Said R, Marin P, Anicama H, Quintanilla A, Levin ML. Effect of mannitol on acute amphotericin B nephrotoxicity. Res Exp Med (Berl) 1980; 177:85-9. [PMID: 6777841 DOI: 10.1007/bf01851836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
This study was undertaken to examine the value of mannitol as protection against the acute nephrotoxicity of amphotericin B under controlled conditions in a reproducible model of toxicity in the dog. Eleven dogs received amphotericin B, 2.5 mg x kg-1 b. wt. by i.v. infusion over a 4-h period. Six dogs were treated with mannitol, 6.25 g, i.v. every hour and five served as controls. Urinary volume (V), inulin clearance (CIn), p-aminohippurate clearance (CPAH), and Na excretion (UNaV) were measured every hour throughout the experiment. Although a higher urinary output was maintained in mannitol-treated dogs, a progressive decline in renal function was observed in treated and in control dogs. During the 4th h, mannitol-treated dogs showed higher CIn (37.4 vs. 19.7 ml x min-1 and CPAH (95 vs. 54 ml x min-1 than controls. However, statistically the differences were barely significant. The results fail to show that mannitol offers a definite protection against amphotericin B nephrotoxicity.
Collapse
|
44
|
Hughes JR, Roxe DM, del Greco F, Krumlovsky F, Ghantous W, Ivanovich P, Quintanilla A, Salkin M, Stone N, Reins M. Electrophysiological studies on uremic patients-comparison of peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis. Clin Electroencephalogr 1980; 11:73-82. [PMID: 7389152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
|
45
|
Quintanilla A, Huang C, Del Greco F. Management of hypertensive emergencies. Compr Ther 1980; 6:15-22. [PMID: 7363579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
|
46
|
del Greco F, Quintanilla A, Huang CM. The clinical assessment of fluid balance. Heart Lung 1979; 8:481-2. [PMID: 254667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
47
|
Roxe DM, del Greco F, Krumlovsky F, Ghantous W, Hughes J, Ivanovich P, Quintanilla A, Salkin M, Stone N. A comparison of maintenance hemodialysis to maintenance peritoneal dialysis in the maintenance of end-stage renal disease. Trans Am Soc Artif Intern Organs 1979; 25:81-5. [PMID: 524643 DOI: 10.1097/00002480-197902500-00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
48
|
Huang CM, Chock D, del Greco F, Armstrong M, Kroc J, Quintanilla A. Antihypertensive and hemodynamic effects of ticrynafen compared with hydrochlorothiazide. Nephron Clin Pract 1979; 23 Suppl 1:51-6. [PMID: 381956 DOI: 10.1159/000181669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
|
49
|
Nissenson AR, Rice LE, Potter EV, Quintanilla A, Shaughnessy MA, Levin ML. Variations in serum complement following inulin infusion in man. Nephron Clin Pract 1979; 23:218-22. [PMID: 481655 DOI: 10.1159/000181638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Complement levels were determined in 12 normal human volunteers while receiving intravenous infusions of inulin for determination of standard inulin clearances. Significant decreases in beta IC globulin and total hemolytic complement activity were observed when inulin was infused, but not following infusion of saline as a control. These effects were noted only when steady-state inulin levels were greater than 26 mg%, suggesting a dose-dependent response. No evidence of increased coagulation was noted as measured by fibrinogen and fibrin degradation products. Since C4 levels remained largely unchanged following inulin infusion, it was concluded that the results most likely occurred through activation of the alternate complement pathway.
Collapse
|
50
|
Sharma BK, Schuster G, Quintanilla A, Levin NW. Improvement of renal function in uraemic patients by furosemide and salt. Indian J Med Res 1978; 67:406-12. [PMID: 689715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
|