1
|
Blakely WJ, Hatterschide J, White EA. HPV18 E7 inhibits LATS1 kinase and activates YAP1 by degrading PTPN14. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.07.583953. [PMID: 38496413 PMCID: PMC10942435 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.07.583953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
High-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) oncoproteins inactivate cellular tumor suppressors to reprogram host cell signaling pathways. HPV E7 proteins bind and degrade the tumor suppressor PTPN14, thereby promoting the nuclear localization of the YAP1 oncoprotein and inhibiting keratinocyte differentiation. YAP1 is a transcriptional coactivator that drives epithelial cell stemness and self-renewal. YAP1 activity is inhibited by the highly conserved Hippo pathway, which is frequently inactivated in human cancers. MST1/2 and LATS1/2 kinases form the core of the Hippo kinase cascade. Active LATS1 kinase is phosphorylated on threonine 1079 and inhibits YAP1 by phosphorylating it on amino acids including serine 127. Here, we tested the effect of high-risk (carcinogenic) HPV18 E7 on Hippo pathway activity. We found that either PTPN14 knockout or PTPN14 degradation by HPV18 E7 decreased phosphorylation of LATS1 T1079 and YAP1 S127 in human keratinocytes and inhibited keratinocyte differentiation. Conversely, PTPN14-dependent differentiation required LATS kinases and certain PPxY motifs in PTPN14. Neither MST1/2 kinases nor the putative PTPN14 phosphatase active site were required for PTPN14 to promote differentiation. Taken together, these data support that PTPN14 inactivation or degradation of PTPN14 by HPV18 E7 reduce LATS1 activity, promoting active YAP1 and inhibiting keratinocyte differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William J. Blakely
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology: Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Joshua Hatterschide
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology: Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Current address: Department of Integrative Immunobiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Elizabeth A. White
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology: Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mukhopadhyay U, Mandal T, Chakraborty M, Sinha B. The Plasma Membrane and Mechanoregulation in Cells. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:21780-21797. [PMID: 38799362 PMCID: PMC11112598 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c01962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Cells inhabit a mechanical microenvironment that they continuously sense and adapt to. The plasma membrane (PM), serving as the boundary of the cell, plays a pivotal role in this process of adaptation. In this Review, we begin by examining well-studied processes where mechanoregulation proves significant. Specifically, we highlight examples from the immune system and stem cells, besides discussing processes involving fibroblasts and other cell types. Subsequently, we discuss the common molecular players that facilitate the sensing of the mechanical signal and transform it into a chemical response covering integrins YAP/TAZ and Piezo. We then review how this understanding of molecular elements is leveraged in drug discovery and tissue engineering alongside a discussion of the methodologies used to measure mechanical properties. Focusing on the processes of endocytosis, we discuss how cells may respond to altered membrane mechanics using endo- and exocytosis. Through the process of depleting/adding the membrane area, these could also impact membrane mechanics. We compare pathways from studies illustrating the involvement of endocytosis in mechanoregulation, including clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) and the CLIC/GEEC (CG) pathway as central examples. Lastly, we review studies on cell-cell fusion during myogenesis, the mechanical integrity of muscle fibers, and the reported and anticipated roles of various molecular players and processes like endocytosis, thereby emphasizing the significance of mechanoregulation at the PM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Upasana Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Biological
Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education
and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal 741246, India
| | - Tithi Mandal
- Department of Biological
Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education
and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal 741246, India
| | | | - Bidisha Sinha
- Department of Biological
Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education
and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal 741246, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ge J, Wang Z, Wu J. NAT10-mediated ac 4C modification promotes ectoderm differentiation of human embryonic stem cells via acetylating NR2F1 mRNA. Cell Prolif 2024; 57:e13577. [PMID: 38041497 PMCID: PMC10984107 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell fate determination in mammalian development is complex and precisely controlled and accumulating evidence indicates that epigenetic mechanisms are crucially involved. N4-acetylcytidine (ac4C) is a recently identified modification of messenger RNA (mRNA); however, its functions are still elusive in mammalian. Here, we show that N-acetyltransferase 10 (NAT10)-mediated ac4C modification promotes ectoderm differentiation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) by acetylating nuclear receptor subfamily 2 group F member 1 (NR2F1) mRNA to enhance translation efficiency (TE). Acetylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (acRIP-seq) revealed that levels of ac4C modification were higher in ectodermal neuroepithelial progenitor (NEP) cells than in hESCs or mesoendoderm cells. In addition, integrated analysis of acRIP-seq and ribosome profiling sequencing revealed that NAT10 catalysed ac4C modification to improve TE in NEP cells. RIP-qRT-PCR analysis identified an interaction between NAT10 and NR2F1 mRNA in NEP cells and NR2F1 accelerated the nucleus-to-cytoplasm translocation of yes-associated protein 1, which contributed to ectodermal differentiation of hESCs. Collectively, these findings point out the novel regulatory role of ac4C modification in the early ectodermal differentiation of hESCs and will provide a new strategy for the treatment of neuroectodermal defects diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junbang Ge
- Bio‐X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of EducationShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Zhaoxia Wang
- Laboratory Animal Center of Instrumental Analysis CenterShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Ji Wu
- Bio‐X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of EducationShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical SciencesNingxia Medical UniversityYinchuanChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive MedicineShanghaiChina
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ma X, Mandausch FJ, Wu Y, Sahoo VK, Ma W, Leoni G, Hostiuc M, Wintgens JP, Qiu J, Kannaiyan N, Rossner MJ, Wehr MC. Comprehensive split TEV based protein-protein interaction screening reveals TAOK2 as a key modulator of Hippo signalling to limit growth. Cell Signal 2024; 113:110917. [PMID: 37813295 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
The conserved Hippo signalling pathway plays a crucial role in tumour formation by limiting tissue growth and proliferation. At the core of this pathway are tumour suppressor kinases STK3/4 and LATS1/2, which limit the activity of the oncogene YAP1, the primary downstream effector. Here, we employed a split TEV-based protein-protein interaction screen to assess the physical interactions among 28 key Hippo pathway components and potential upstream modulators. This screen led us to the discovery of TAOK2 as pivotal modulator of Hippo signalling, as it binds to the pathway's core kinases, STK3/4 and LATS1/2, and leads to their phosphorylation. Specifically, our findings revealed that TAOK2 binds to and phosphorylates LATS1, resulting in the reduction of YAP1 phosphorylation and subsequent transcription of oncogenes. Consequently, this decrease led to a decrease in cell proliferation and migration. Interestingly, a correlation was observed between reduced TAOK2 expression and decreased patient survival time in certain types of human cancers, including lung and kidney cancer as well as glioma. Moreover, in cellular models corresponding to these cancer types the downregulation of TAOK2 by CRISPR inhibition led to reduced phosphorylation of LATS1 and increased proliferation rates, supporting TAOK2's role as tumour suppressor gene. By contrast, overexpression of TAOK2 in these cellular models lead to increased phospho-LATS1 but reduced cell proliferation. As TAOK2 is a druggable kinase, targeting TAOK2 could serve as an attractive pharmacological approach to modulate cell growth and potentially offer strategies for combating cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Ma
- Research Group Cell Signalling, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Nussbaumstr. 7, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Fiona J Mandausch
- Research Group Cell Signalling, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Nussbaumstr. 7, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Yuxin Wu
- Research Group Cell Signalling, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Nussbaumstr. 7, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Vivek K Sahoo
- Systasy Bioscience GmbH, Balanstr. 6, 81669, Munich, Germany
| | - Wenbo Ma
- Research Group Cell Signalling, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Nussbaumstr. 7, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Giovanna Leoni
- Systasy Bioscience GmbH, Balanstr. 6, 81669, Munich, Germany
| | - Madalina Hostiuc
- Research Group Cell Signalling, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Nussbaumstr. 7, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Jan P Wintgens
- Research Group Cell Signalling, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Nussbaumstr. 7, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Jiajun Qiu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, The Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | | | - Moritz J Rossner
- Systasy Bioscience GmbH, Balanstr. 6, 81669, Munich, Germany; Section of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Nussbaumstr. 7, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Michael C Wehr
- Research Group Cell Signalling, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Nussbaumstr. 7, 80336 Munich, Germany; Systasy Bioscience GmbH, Balanstr. 6, 81669, Munich, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lin Q, Cao J, Yu J, Zhu Y, Shen Y, Wang S, Wang Y, Liu Z, Chang Y. YAP-mediated trophoblast dysfunction: the common pathway underlying pregnancy complications. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:353. [PMID: 38098027 PMCID: PMC10722737 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01371-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Yes-associated protein (YAP) is a pivotal regulator in cellular proliferation, survival, differentiation, and migration, with significant roles in embryonic development, tissue repair, and tumorigenesis. At the maternal-fetal interface, emerging evidence underscores the importance of precisely regulated YAP activity in ensuring successful pregnancy initiation and progression. However, despite the established association between YAP dysregulation and adverse pregnancy outcomes, insights into the impact of aberrant YAP levels in fetal-derived, particularly trophoblast cells, and the ensuing dysfunction at the maternal-fetal interface remain limited. This review comprehensively examines YAP expression and its regulatory mechanisms in trophoblast cells throughout pregnancy. We emphasize its integral role in placental development and maternal-fetal interactions and delve into the correlations between YAP dysregulation and pregnancy complications. A nuanced understanding of YAP's functions during pregnancy could illuminate intricate molecular mechanisms and pave the way for innovative prevention and treatment strategies for pregnancy complications. Video Abstract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qimei Lin
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Human Development and Reproductive Regulation, Nankai University Affiliated Maternity Hospital, Tianjin Central Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tianjin, 300100, China
| | - Jiasong Cao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Human Development and Reproductive Regulation, Nankai University Affiliated Maternity Hospital, Tianjin Central Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tianjin, 300100, China
| | - Jing Yu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Yu Zhu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Yongmei Shen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Human Development and Reproductive Regulation, Nankai University Affiliated Maternity Hospital, Tianjin Central Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tianjin, 300100, China
| | - Shuqi Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Human Development and Reproductive Regulation, Nankai University Affiliated Maternity Hospital, Tianjin Central Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tianjin, 300100, China
| | - Yixin Wang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Academy of Clinical Medicine, Medical College, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Ying Chang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Human Development and Reproductive Regulation, Nankai University Affiliated Maternity Hospital, Tianjin Central Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tianjin, 300100, China.
- Academy of Clinical Medicine, Medical College, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Gelbard MK, Munger K. Human papillomaviruses: Knowns, mysteries, and unchartered territories. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e29191. [PMID: 37861365 PMCID: PMC10608791 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
There has been an explosion in the number of papillomaviruses that have been identified and fully sequenced. Yet only a minute fraction of these has been studied in any detail. Most of our molecular research efforts have focused on the E6 and E7 proteins of "high-risk," cancer-associated human papillomaviruses (HPVs). Interactions of the high-risk HPV E6 and E7 proteins with their respective cellular targets, the p53 and the retinoblastoma tumor suppressors, have been investigated in minute detail. Some have thus questioned if research on papillomaviruses remains an exciting and worthwhile area of investigation. However, fundamentally new insights on the biological activities and cellular targets of the high-risk HPV E6 and E7 proteins have been discovered and previously unstudied HPVs have been newly associated with human diseases. HPV infections continue to be an important cause of human morbidity and mortality and since there are no antivirals to combat HPV infections, research on HPVs should remain attractive to new investigators and biomedical funding agencies, alike.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maya K. Gelbard
- Genetics, Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
- Department of Developmental, Molecular and Cellular Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111
| | - Karl Munger
- Genetics, Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
- Department of Developmental, Molecular and Cellular Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lv L, Zhou X. Targeting Hippo signaling in cancer: novel perspectives and therapeutic potential. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e375. [PMID: 37799806 PMCID: PMC10547939 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
As highly conserved among diverse species, Hippo signaling pathway regulates various biological processes, including development, cell proliferation, stem cell function, tissue regeneration, homeostasis, and organ size. Studies in the last two decades have provided a good framework for how these fundamental functions of Hippo signaling are tightly regulated by a network with numerous intracellular and extracellular factors. The Hippo signaling pathway, when dysregulated, may lead to a wide variety of diseases, especially cancer. There is growing evidence demonstrating that dysregulated Hippo signaling is closely associated with tumorigenesis, cancer cell invasion, and migration, as well as drug resistance. Therefore, the Hippo pathway is considered an appealing therapeutic target for the treatment of cancer. Promising novel agents targeting the Hippo signaling pathway for cancers have recently emerged. These novel agents have shown antitumor activity in multiple cancer models and demonstrated therapeutic potential for cancer treatment. However, the detailed molecular basis of the Hippo signaling-driven tumor biology remains undefined. Our review summarizes current advances in understanding the mechanisms by which Hippo signaling drives tumorigenesis and confers drug resistance. We also propose strategies for future preclinical and clinical development to target this pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liemei Lv
- Department of HematologyShandong Provincial HospitalShandong UniversityJinanShandongChina
| | - Xiangxiang Zhou
- Department of HematologyShandong Provincial HospitalShandong UniversityJinanShandongChina
- Department of HematologyShandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical UniversityJinanShandongChina
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic DiseasesJinanShandongChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseasesthe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Matsui Y, Djekidel MN, Lindsay K, Samir P, Connolly N, Wu G, Yang X, Fan Y, Xu B, Peng JC. SNIP1 and PRC2 coordinate cell fates of neural progenitors during brain development. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4754. [PMID: 37553330 PMCID: PMC10409800 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40487-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cell survival versus death is a developmentally programmed process essential for morphogenesis, sizing, and quality control of genome integrity and cell fates. Cell death is pervasive during development, but its programming is little known. Here, we report that Smad nuclear interacting protein 1 (SNIP1) promotes neural progenitor cell survival and neurogenesis and is, therefore, integral to brain development. The SNIP1-depleted brain exhibits dysplasia with robust induction of caspase 9-dependent apoptosis. Mechanistically, SNIP1 regulates target genes that promote cell survival and neurogenesis, and its activities are influenced by TGFβ and NFκB signaling pathways. Further, SNIP1 facilitates the genomic occupancy of Polycomb complex PRC2 and instructs H3K27me3 turnover at target genes. Depletion of PRC2 is sufficient to reduce apoptosis and brain dysplasia and to partially restore genetic programs in the SNIP1-depleted brain in vivo. These findings suggest a loci-specific regulation of PRC2 and H3K27 marks to toggle cell survival and death in the developing brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yurika Matsui
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Mohamed Nadhir Djekidel
- Center for Applied Bioinformatics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Katherine Lindsay
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Parimal Samir
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd, Medical Research Building, Room 7, 138E, Galveston, TX, 77550, USA
| | - Nina Connolly
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Gang Wu
- Center for Applied Bioinformatics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Xiaoyang Yang
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Yiping Fan
- Center for Applied Bioinformatics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Beisi Xu
- Center for Applied Bioinformatics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Jamy C Peng
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Mokhtari RB, Ashayeri N, Baghaie L, Sambi M, Satari K, Baluch N, Bosykh DA, Szewczuk MR, Chakraborty S. The Hippo Pathway Effectors YAP/TAZ-TEAD Oncoproteins as Emerging Therapeutic Targets in the Tumor Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3468. [PMID: 37444578 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15133468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Various cancer cell-associated intrinsic and extrinsic inputs act on YAP/TAZ proteins to mediate the hyperactivation of the TEAD transcription factor-based transcriptome. This YAP/TAZ-TEAD activity can override the growth-limiting Hippo tumor-suppressor pathway that maintains normal tissue homeostasis. Herein, we provide an integrated summary of the contrasting roles of YAP/TAZ during normal tissue homeostasis versus tumor initiation and progression. In addition to upstream factors that regulate YAP/TAZ in the TME, critical insights on the emerging functions of YAP/TAZ in immune suppression and abnormal vasculature development during tumorigenesis are illustrated. Lastly, we discuss the current methods that intervene with the YAP/TAZ-TEAD oncogenic signaling pathway and the emerging applications of combination therapies, gut microbiota, and epigenetic plasticity that could potentiate the efficacy of chemo/immunotherapy as improved cancer therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reza Bayat Mokhtari
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Neda Ashayeri
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Ali-Asghar Children Hospital, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran 1449614535, Iran
| | - Leili Baghaie
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Manpreet Sambi
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Kosar Satari
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Ali-Asghar Children Hospital, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran 1449614535, Iran
| | - Narges Baluch
- Department of Immunology and Allergy, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Dmitriy A Bosykh
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Myron R Szewczuk
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Sayan Chakraborty
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zheng M, Chen L, Fu J, Yang X, Chen S, Fu W, Li Y, Zhang S. Cdc42 Regulates the Expression of Cytoskeleton and Microtubule Network Proteins to Promote Invasion and Metastasis of Progeny Cells Derived from CoCl 2-induced Polyploid Giant Cancer Cells. J Cancer 2023; 14:1920-1934. [PMID: 37476197 PMCID: PMC10355212 DOI: 10.7150/jca.85032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Our previous studies have shown that CoCl2 can induce the formation of polyploid giant cancer cells (PGCCs) and PGCCs could produce progeny cells via asymmetric division. In this study, the molecular mechanism by which PGCCs generate progeny cells with high invasion and migration abilities was explored. Methods: In this study, PGCCs induced by CoCl2 produced progeny cells via asymmetric division, which was observed dynamically using laser scanning confocal microscopy. Cell cycle in LoVo and Hct116 before and after CoCl2 treatment was analyzed by flow cytometry. Cell function experiments, co-immunoprecipitation, mass spectrometry analysis, ML141 treatment, western blotting, and siRNA transfection experiments were used to demonstrate that Cdc42/PAK1 was involved in the regulation of cytoskeleton expression. The proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities of PGCCs and progeny cells were compared in PGCCs and progeny cells with and without inhibiting the expression of Cdc42 and PAK1. Results: G2/M phase arrest appeared in CoCl2-treated LoVo and Hct116 cells. After CoCl2 treatment, an increased expression of Cdc42 and PAK1 led to a decrease in the expression of stathmin and an increase in the expression of phosphorylated stathmin, which is located in the nucleus of PGCCs and progeny cells. PTPN14 negatively regulates the expression of PAK1 and p38MAPK. Low levels of PTPN14 expression, a downstream regulatory protein of stathmin, endows progeny tumor cells generated by PGCCs with the ability to invade and metastasize. The expression of PKA1α, cathepsin B, and D increased in CoCl2-treated cells compared with that in the control cells, associated with the infiltration and migration of PGCCs with their progeny cells. Conclusion: CoCl2-induced overexpression of Cdc42 plays a critical role in increasing the infiltration and migration abilities of PGCCs and progeny cells by regulating cytoskeleton protein expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minying Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300121, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, NanKai University, Tianjin, 300071, P.R. China
| | - Lankai Chen
- Nankai University School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P.R. China
| | - Junjie Fu
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300121, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohui Yang
- Nankai University School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P.R. China
| | - Shuo Chen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, 300121, P.R. China
| | - Wenzheng Fu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, 300121, P.R. China
| | - Yuwei Li
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, 300121, P.R. China
| | - Shiwu Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300121, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhang M, Liu C, Zhao L, Zhang X, Su Y. The Emerging Role of Protein Phosphatase in Regeneration. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13051216. [PMID: 37240861 DOI: 10.3390/life13051216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Maintaining normal cellular behavior is essential for the survival of organisms. One of the main mechanisms to control cellular behavior is protein phosphorylation. The process of protein phosphorylation is reversible under the regulation of protein kinases and protein phosphatases. The importance of kinases in numerous cellular processes has been well recognized. In recent years, protein phosphatases have also been demonstrated to function actively and specifically in various cellular processes and thus have gained more and more attention from researchers. In the animal kingdom, regeneration frequently occurs to replace or repair damaged or missing tissues. Emerging evidence has revealed that protein phosphatases are crucial for organ regeneration. In this review, after providing a brief overview of the classification of protein phosphatases and their functions in several representative developmental processes, we highlight the critical roles that protein phosphatases play in organ regeneration by summarizing the most recent research on the function and underlying mechanism of protein phosphatase in the regeneration of the liver, bone, neuron, and heart in vertebrates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Zhang
- Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Chenglin Liu
- Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Long Zhao
- Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xuejiao Zhang
- Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Ying Su
- Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kattan RE, Ayesh D, Wang W. Analysis of affinity purification-related proteomic data for studying protein-protein interaction networks in cells. Brief Bioinform 2023; 24:bbad010. [PMID: 36682002 PMCID: PMC10025443 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbad010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
During intracellular signal transduction, protein-protein interactions (PPIs) facilitate protein complex assembly to regulate protein localization and function, which are critical for numerous cellular events. Over the years, multiple techniques have been developed to characterize PPIs to elucidate roles and regulatory mechanisms of proteins. Among them, the mass spectrometry (MS)-based interactome analysis has been increasing in popularity due to its unbiased and informative manner towards understanding PPI networks. However, with MS instrumentation advancing and yielding more data than ever, the analysis of a large amount of PPI-associated proteomic data to reveal bona fide interacting proteins become challenging. Here, we review the methods and bioinformatic resources that are commonly used in analyzing large interactome-related proteomic data and propose a simple guideline for identifying novel interacting proteins for biological research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Elizabeth Kattan
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Deena Ayesh
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Wenqi Wang
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Vergara IA, Aivazian K, Carlino MS, Guminski AD, Maher NG, Shannon KF, Ch'ng S, Saw RPM, Long GV, Wilmott JS, Scolyer RA. Genomic Profiling of Metastatic Basal cell Carcinoma Reveals Candidate Drivers of Disease and Therapeutic Targets. Mod Pathol 2023; 36:100099. [PMID: 36788083 DOI: 10.1016/j.modpat.2023.100099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) are human beings' most common malignant tumors. Most are easily managed by surgery or topical therapies, and metastasis is rare. Although BCCs can become locally advanced, metastatic BCCs are very uncommon and may be biologically distinct. We assessed the clinicopathologic characteristics of 17 patients with metastatic BCC and pursued whole-exome sequencing of tumor and germline DNA from 8 patients. Genomic profiling revealed aberrant activation of Hedgehog signaling and alterations in GLI transcriptional regulators and Notch and Hippo signaling. Matched local recurrences of primary BCCs and metastases from 3 patients provided evidence of a clonal origin in all cases. Mutations associated with YAP inhibition were found exclusively in 2 hematogenously-spread lung metastases, and metastatic BCCs were enriched for mutations in the YAP/TAZ-binding domain of TEAD genes. Accordingly, YAP/TAZ nuclear localization was associated with metastatic types and Hippo mutations, suggesting an enhanced oncogenic role in hematogenously-spread metastases. Mutations in RET, HGF, and phosphatidylinositol 3‑kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling were enriched compared with a cohort of low clinical-risk BCCs. Our results implicate Hippo and PI3K/AKT dysregulation in metastatic progression of BCCs, making these potential therapeutic targets in metastatic disease. The common clonal origin of matched recurrent and metastatic BCCs suggests that molecular profiling can assist in determining the nature/origin of poorly differentiated metastatic tumors of uncertain type. Genes and pathways enriched for mutations in this cohort are candidate drivers of metastasis and can be used to identify patients at high risk of metastasis who may benefit from aggressive local treatment and careful clinical follow-up.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ismael A Vergara
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Charles Perkin Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Karina Aivazian
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Tissue Pathology and Diagnostic Oncology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and NSW Health Pathology, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Matteo S Carlino
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Department of Medicine, Blacktown Hospital, Blacktown, New South Wales, Australia; Department of Medicine, Crown Princess Mary Cancer Centre, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Alexander D Guminski
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nigel G Maher
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Tissue Pathology and Diagnostic Oncology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and NSW Health Pathology, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kerwin F Shannon
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sydney Ch'ng
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Robyn P M Saw
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Georgina V Long
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Charles Perkin Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - James S Wilmott
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Charles Perkin Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Richard A Scolyer
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Charles Perkin Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Tissue Pathology and Diagnostic Oncology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and NSW Health Pathology, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zeng Z, Gu SS, Ouardaoui N, Tymm C, Yang L, Wong CJ, Li D, Zhang W, Wang X, Weirather JL, Rodig SJ, Hodi FS, Brown M, Liu XS. Hippo Signaling Pathway Regulates Cancer Cell-Intrinsic MHC-II Expression. Cancer Immunol Res 2022; 10:1559-1569. [PMID: 36219700 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-22-0227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
MHC-II is known to be mainly expressed on the surface of antigen-presenting cells. Evidence suggests MHC-II is also expressed by cancer cells and may be associated with better immunotherapy responses. However, the role and regulation of MHC-II in cancer cells remain unclear. In this study, we leveraged data mining and experimental validation to elucidate the regulation of MHC-II in cancer cells and its role in modulating the response to immunotherapy. We collated an extensive collection of omics data to examine cancer cell-intrinsic MHC-II expression and its association with immunotherapy outcomes. We then tested the functional relevance of cancer cell-intrinsic MHC-II expression using a syngeneic transplantation model. Finally, we performed data mining to identify pathways potentially involved in the regulation of MHC-II expression, and experimentally validated candidate regulators. Analyses of preimmunotherapy clinical samples in the CheckMate 064 trial revealed that cancer cell-intrinsic MHC-II protein was positively correlated with more favorable immunotherapy outcomes. Comprehensive meta-analyses of multiomics data from an exhaustive collection of data revealed that MHC-II is heterogeneously expressed in various solid tumors, and its expression is particularly high in melanoma. Using a syngeneic transplantation model, we further established that melanoma cells with high MHC-II responded better to anti-PD-1 treatment. Data mining followed by experimental validation revealed the Hippo signaling pathway as a potential regulator of melanoma MHC-II expression. In summary, we identified the Hippo signaling pathway as a novel regulator of cancer cell-intrinsic MHC-II expression. These findings suggest modulation of MHC-II in melanoma could potentially improve immunotherapy response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zexian Zeng
- Department of Data Science, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Shengqing Stan Gu
- Department of Data Science, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Nofal Ouardaoui
- Department of Data Science, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Carly Tymm
- Department of Data Science, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Data Science, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Cheryl J Wong
- Department of Data Science, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Dian Li
- Department of Data Science, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Wubing Zhang
- Department of Data Science, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoqing Wang
- Department of Data Science, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jason L Weirather
- Department of Data Science, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- Center for Immuno-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Scott J Rodig
- Center for Immuno-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - F Stephen Hodi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- Center for Immuno-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Myles Brown
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - X Shirley Liu
- Department of Data Science, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wang L, Choi K, Su T, Li B, Wu X, Zhang R, Driskill JH, Li H, Lei H, Guo P, Chen EH, Zheng Y, Pan D. Multiphase coalescence mediates Hippo pathway activation. Cell 2022; 185:4376-4393.e18. [PMID: 36318920 PMCID: PMC9669202 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.09.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The function of biomolecular condensates is often restricted by condensate dissolution. Whether condensates can be suppressed without condensate dissolution is unclear. Here, we show that upstream regulators of the Hippo signaling pathway form functionally antagonizing condensates, and their coalescence into a common phase provides a mode of counteracting the function of biomolecular condensates without condensate dissolution. Specifically, the negative regulator SLMAP forms Hippo-inactivating condensates to facilitate pathway inhibition by the STRIPAK complex. In response to cell-cell contact or osmotic stress, the positive regulators AMOT and KIBRA form Hippo-activating condensates to facilitate pathway activation. The functionally antagonizing SLMAP and AMOT/KIBRA condensates further coalesce into a common phase to inhibit STRIPAK function. These findings provide a paradigm for restricting the activity of biomolecular condensates without condensate dissolution, shed light on the molecular principles of multiphase organization, and offer a conceptual framework for understanding upstream regulation of the Hippo signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- Department of Physiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Kyungsuk Choi
- Department of Physiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Ting Su
- Department of Physiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Bing Li
- Department of Physiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Wu
- Department of Physiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Ruihui Zhang
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Jordan H Driskill
- Department of Physiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Hongde Li
- Department of Physiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Huiyan Lei
- Department of Physiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Pengfei Guo
- Department of Physiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Elizabeth H Chen
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Yonggang Zheng
- Department of Physiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
| | - Duojia Pan
- Department of Physiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Ahmad US, Uttagomol J, Wan H. The Regulation of the Hippo Pathway by Intercellular Junction Proteins. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:1792. [PMID: 36362947 PMCID: PMC9696951 DOI: 10.3390/life12111792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The Hippo pathway is an evolutionarily conserved pathway that serves to promote cell death and differentiation while inhibiting cellular proliferation across species. The downstream effectors of this pathway, yes-associated protein (YAP) and transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ), are considered vital in promoting the output of the Hippo pathway, with activation of upstream kinases negatively regulating YAP/TAZ activity. The upstream regulation of the Hippo pathway is not entirely understood on a molecular level. However, several studies have shown that numerous cellular and non-cellular mechanisms such as cell polarity, contact inhibition, soluble factors, mechanical forces, and metabolism can convey external stimuli to the intracellular kinase cascade, promoting the activation of key components of the Hippo pathway and therefore regulating the subcellular localisation and protein activity of YAP/TAZ. This review will summarise what we have learnt about the role of intercellular junction-associated proteins in the activation of this pathway, including adherens junctions and tight junctions, and in particular our latest findings about the desmosomal components, including desmoglein-3 (DSG3), in the regulation of YAP signalling, phosphorylation, and subcellular translocation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Usama Sharif Ahmad
- Centre for Oral Immunobiology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Dentistry, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AT, UK
| | - Jutamas Uttagomol
- Oral Diagnosis Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Hong Wan
- Centre for Oral Immunobiology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Dentistry, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AT, UK
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Wei L, Yang X, Gao L, Liang Z, Yu H, Zhang N, Li Y. Comparison of miRNA landscapes between the human oocytes with or without arrested development. J Assist Reprod Genet 2022; 39:2227-2237. [PMID: 36129629 PMCID: PMC9596657 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-022-02614-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE By exploring the role of miRNAs in human oocyte development, the study was conducted to investigate the epigenetic mechanism contributing to the arrest of oocyte development. METHODS In total, 140 oocytes from 22 patients were collected in the developmentally arrested oocyte (DAO) group, whereas 420 oocytes from 164 patients were harvested in the control group. The pooled RNA was extracted from all 20 oocytes to establish a RNA library. The total RNA of every ten oocytes was extracted for qPCR validation of miRNA candidates. Bioinformatic software was applied to explore the miRNA candidates and their target genes. RESULTS Generally, the expression levels of miRNAs altered slightly during normal oocyte development but changed dramatically in the DAOs. Among the top 10 differential miRNAs, let-7a-5p and let-7g-5p, which were abundantly expressed throughout the oocyte development stages, had the broadest biological impact on oogenesis. Validated by qRT-PCR, both miRNAs were profoundly suppressed in the DAOs. During normal oocyte development, the expression levels of let-7a-5p and let-7g-5p at the GV stage were significantly higher than at MI and MII stages. Bioinformatic analysis demonstrated that let-7a-5p and let-7g-5p might regulate oocyte development by targeting PI3K-Akt, P53, cell cycle, and FoxO signaling pathways. CONCLUSIONS There are dramatic differences in miRNA landscapes between the human oocytes with or without development arrest. In addition, the suppression of let-7a-5p and let-7g-5p might be associated with the occurrence of development arrest. The findings could provide therapeutic targets to correct the arrest of oocyte development in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lina Wei
- Division of Histology and Embryology, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic, Development and Prenatal Medicine, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xi Yang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Linzhi Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongkun Liang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Yu
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ningfeng Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Ando T, Okamoto K, Shintani T, Yanamoto S, Miyauchi M, Gutkind JS, Kajiya M. Integrating Genetic Alterations and the Hippo Pathway in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma for Future Precision Medicine. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12101544. [PMID: 36294681 PMCID: PMC9604790 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12101544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic alterations and dysregulation of signaling pathways are indispensable for the initiation and progression of cancer. Understanding the genetic, molecular, and signaling diversities in cancer patients has driven a dynamic change in cancer therapy. Patients can select a suitable molecularly targeted therapy or immune checkpoint inhibitor based on the driver gene alterations determined by sequencing of cancer tissue. This “precision medicine” approach requires detailed elucidation of the mechanisms connecting genetic alterations of driver genes and aberrant downstream signaling pathways. The regulatory mechanisms of the Hippo pathway and Yes-associated protein/transcriptional co-activator with PDZ binding motif (YAP/TAZ) that have central roles in cancer cell proliferation are not fully understood, reflecting their recent discovery. Nevertheless, emerging evidence has shown that various genetic alterations dysregulate the Hippo pathway and hyperactivate YAP/TAZ in cancers, including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Here, we summarize the latest evidence linking genetic alterations and the Hippo pathway in HNSCC, with the aim of contributing to the continued development of precision medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toshinori Ando
- Center of Oral Clinical Examination, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-82-257-5727
| | - Kento Okamoto
- Department of Oral Oncology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Shintani
- Center of Oral Clinical Examination, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Souichi Yanamoto
- Department of Oral Oncology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Mutsumi Miyauchi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathobiology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - J. Silvio Gutkind
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Mikihito Kajiya
- Center of Oral Clinical Examination, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Dubois F, Bazille C, Levallet J, Maille E, Brosseau S, Madelaine J, Bergot E, Zalcman G, Levallet G. Molecular Alterations in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: A Hope for Effective Treatment by Targeting YAP. Target Oncol 2022; 17:407-431. [PMID: 35906513 PMCID: PMC9345804 DOI: 10.1007/s11523-022-00900-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Malignant pleural mesothelioma is a rare and aggressive neoplasm, which has primarily been attributed to the exposure to asbestos fibers (83% of cases); yet, despite a ban of using asbestos in many countries, the incidence of malignant pleural mesothelioma failed to decline worldwide. While little progress has been made in malignant pleural mesothelioma diagnosis, bevacizumab at first, then followed by double immunotherapy (nivolumab plus ipilumumab), were all shown to improve survival in large phase III randomized trials. The morphological analysis of the histological subtyping remains the primary indicator for therapeutic decision making at an advanced disease stage, while a platinum-based chemotherapy regimen combined with pemetrexed, either with or without bevacizumab, is still the main treatment option. Consequently, malignant pleural mesothelioma still represents a significant health concern owing to poor median survival (12-18 months). Given this context, both diagnosis and therapy improvements require better knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying malignant pleural mesothelioma's carcinogenesis and progression. Hence, the Hippo pathway in malignant pleural mesothelioma initiation and progression has recently received increasing attention, as the aberrant expression of its core components may be closely related to patient prognosis. The purpose of this review was to provide a critical analysis of our current knowledge on these topics, the main focus being on the available evidence concerning the role of each Hippo pathway's member as a promising biomarker, enabling detection of the disease at earlier stages and thus improving prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatéméh Dubois
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, CNRS, ISTCT Unit, Avenue H. Becquerel, 14074, Caen, France.,Department of Pathology, CHU de Caen, Caen, France.,Federative Structure of Cyto-Molecular Oncogenetics (SF-MOCAE), CHU de Caen, Caen, France
| | - Céline Bazille
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, CNRS, ISTCT Unit, Avenue H. Becquerel, 14074, Caen, France.,Department of Pathology, CHU de Caen, Caen, France
| | - Jérôme Levallet
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, CNRS, ISTCT Unit, Avenue H. Becquerel, 14074, Caen, France
| | - Elodie Maille
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, CNRS, ISTCT Unit, Avenue H. Becquerel, 14074, Caen, France
| | - Solenn Brosseau
- Department of Thoracic Oncology and CIC1425, Hospital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris-Diderot, Paris, France.,U830 INSERM "Genetics and Biology of Cancers, A.R.T Group", Curie Institute, Paris, France
| | - Jeannick Madelaine
- Department of Pulmonology and Thoracic Oncology, CHU de Caen, Caen, France
| | - Emmanuel Bergot
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, CNRS, ISTCT Unit, Avenue H. Becquerel, 14074, Caen, France.,Department of Pulmonology and Thoracic Oncology, CHU de Caen, Caen, France
| | - Gérard Zalcman
- Department of Thoracic Oncology and CIC1425, Hospital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris-Diderot, Paris, France.,U830 INSERM "Genetics and Biology of Cancers, A.R.T Group", Curie Institute, Paris, France
| | - Guénaëlle Levallet
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, CNRS, ISTCT Unit, Avenue H. Becquerel, 14074, Caen, France. .,Department of Pathology, CHU de Caen, Caen, France. .,Federative Structure of Cyto-Molecular Oncogenetics (SF-MOCAE), CHU de Caen, Caen, France.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Guo CL. Self-Sustained Regulation or Self-Perpetuating Dysregulation: ROS-dependent HIF-YAP-Notch Signaling as a Double-Edged Sword on Stem Cell Physiology and Tumorigenesis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:862791. [PMID: 35774228 PMCID: PMC9237464 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.862791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Organ development, homeostasis, and repair often rely on bidirectional, self-organized cell-niche interactions, through which cells select cell fate, such as stem cell self-renewal and differentiation. The niche contains multiplexed chemical and mechanical factors. How cells interpret niche structural information such as the 3D topology of organs and integrate with multiplexed mechano-chemical signals is an open and active research field. Among all the niche factors, reactive oxygen species (ROS) have recently gained growing interest. Once considered harmful, ROS are now recognized as an important niche factor in the regulation of tissue mechanics and topology through, for example, the HIF-YAP-Notch signaling pathways. These pathways are not only involved in the regulation of stem cell physiology but also associated with inflammation, neurological disorder, aging, tumorigenesis, and the regulation of the immune checkpoint molecule PD-L1. Positive feedback circuits have been identified in the interplay of ROS and HIF-YAP-Notch signaling, leading to the possibility that under aberrant conditions, self-organized, ROS-dependent physiological regulations can be switched to self-perpetuating dysregulation, making ROS a double-edged sword at the interface of stem cell physiology and tumorigenesis. In this review, we discuss the recent findings on how ROS and tissue mechanics affect YAP-HIF-Notch-PD-L1 signaling, hoping that the knowledge can be used to design strategies for stem cell-based and ROS-targeting therapy and tissue engineering.
Collapse
|
21
|
Dong C, Fu S, Karvas RM, Chew B, Fischer LA, Xing X, Harrison JK, Popli P, Kommagani R, Wang T, Zhang B, Theunissen TW. A genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screen identifies essential and growth-restricting genes in human trophoblast stem cells. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2548. [PMID: 35538076 PMCID: PMC9090837 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30207-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The recent derivation of human trophoblast stem cells (hTSCs) provides a scalable in vitro model system of human placental development, but the molecular regulators of hTSC identity have not been systematically explored thus far. Here, we utilize a genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screen to comprehensively identify essential and growth-restricting genes in hTSCs. By cross-referencing our data to those from similar genetic screens performed in other cell types, as well as gene expression data from early human embryos, we define hTSC-specific and -enriched regulators. These include both well-established and previously uncharacterized trophoblast regulators, such as ARID3A, GATA2, and TEAD1 (essential), and GCM1, PTPN14, and TET2 (growth-restricting). Integrated analysis of chromatin accessibility, gene expression, and genome-wide location data reveals that the transcription factor TEAD1 regulates the expression of many trophoblast regulators in hTSCs. In the absence of TEAD1, hTSCs fail to complete faithful differentiation into extravillous trophoblast (EVT) cells and instead show a bias towards syncytiotrophoblast (STB) differentiation, thus indicating that this transcription factor safeguards the bipotent lineage potential of hTSCs. Overall, our study provides a valuable resource for dissecting the molecular regulation of human placental development and diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Dong
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Shuhua Fu
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Rowan M Karvas
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Brian Chew
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Laura A Fischer
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Xiaoyun Xing
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Department of Genetics, Center for Genome Sciences & Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Jessica K Harrison
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Department of Genetics, Center for Genome Sciences & Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Pooja Popli
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Health Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Ramakrishna Kommagani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Health Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Ting Wang
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Department of Genetics, Center for Genome Sciences & Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
| | - Thorold W Theunissen
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Guo Y, Luo J, Zou H, Liu C, Deng L, Li P. Context-dependent transcriptional regulations of YAP/TAZ in cancer. Cancer Lett 2022; 527:164-173. [PMID: 34952145 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
As the downstream effectors of Hippo pathway, YAP/TAZ are identified to participate in organ growth, regeneration and tumorigenesis. However, owing to lack of a DNA-binding domain, YAP/TAZ usually act as coactivators and cooperate with other transcription factors or partners to mediate their transcriptional outputs. In this article, we first present an overview of the core components and the upstream regulators of Hippo-YAP/TAZ signaling in mammals, and then systematically summarize the identified transcription factors or partners that are responsible for the downstream transcriptional output of YAP/TAZ in various cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yibo Guo
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Luo
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hailin Zou
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenxin Liu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Advanced Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430205, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Deng
- Department of General Surgery, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Li
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, People's Republic of China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 628 Zhenyuan Road, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Hatterschide J, Castagnino P, Kim HW, Sperry SM, Montone KT, Basu D, White EA. YAP1 activation by human papillomavirus E7 promotes basal cell identity in squamous epithelia. eLife 2022; 11:75466. [PMID: 35170430 PMCID: PMC8959598 DOI: 10.7554/elife.75466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection of stratified squamous epithelial cells causes nearly 5% of cancer cases worldwide. HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancers harbor few mutations in the Hippo signaling pathway compared to HPV-negative cancers at the same anatomical site, prompting the hypothesis that an HPV-encoded protein inactivates the Hippo pathway and activates the Hippo effector yes-associated protein (YAP1). The HPV E7 oncoprotein is required for HPV infection and for HPV-mediated oncogenic transformation. We investigated the effects of HPV oncoproteins on YAP1 and found that E7 activates YAP1, promoting YAP1 nuclear localization in basal epithelial cells. YAP1 activation by HPV E7 required that E7 binds and degrades the tumor suppressor protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 14 (PTPN14). E7 required YAP1 transcriptional activity to extend the lifespan of primary keratinocytes, indicating that YAP1 activation contributes to E7 carcinogenic activity. Maintaining infection in basal cells is critical for HPV persistence, and here we demonstrate that YAP1 activation causes HPV E7 expressing cells to be retained in the basal compartment of stratified epithelia. We propose that YAP1 activation resulting from PTPN14 inactivation is an essential, targetable activity of the HPV E7 oncoprotein relevant to HPV infection and carcinogenesis. The ‘epithelial’ cells that cover our bodies are in a constant state of turnover. Every few weeks, the outermost layers die and are replaced by new cells from the layers below. For scientists, this raises a difficult question. Cells infected by human papillomaviruses, often known as HPV, can become cancerous over years or even decades. How do infected cells survive while the healthy cells around them mature and get replaced? One clue could lie in PTPN14, a human protein which many papillomaviruses eliminate using their viral E7 protein; this mechanism could be essential for the virus to replicate and cause cancer. To find out the impact of losing PTPN14, Hatterschide et al. used human epithelial cells to make three-dimensional models of infected tissues. These experiments showed that, when papillomaviruses destroy PTPN14, a human protein called YAP1 turns on in the lowest, most long-lived layer of the tissue. Cells in which YAP1 is activated survive while those that carry the inactive version mature and die. This suggests that papillomaviruses turn on YAP1 to remain in tissues for long periods. Papillomaviruses cause about five percent of all human cancers. Finding ways to stop them from activating YAP1 has the potential to prevent disease. Overall, the research by Hatterschide et al. also sheds light on other epithelial cancers which are not caused by viruses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Hatterschide
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States
| | - Paola Castagnino
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States
| | - Hee Won Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States
| | - Steven M Sperry
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Aurora St. Luke's Medical Center, Milwaukee, United States
| | - Kathleen T Montone
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States
| | - Devraj Basu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States
| | - Elizabeth A White
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Takata T, Matsumura M. The LINC Complex Assists the Nuclear Import of Mechanosensitive Transcriptional Regulators. Results Probl Cell Differ 2022; 70:315-337. [PMID: 36348113 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-06573-6_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical forces play pivotal roles in directing cell functions and fate. To elicit gene expression, either intrinsic or extrinsic mechanical information are transmitted into the nucleus beyond the nuclear envelope via at least two distinct pathways, possibly more. The first and well-known pathway utilizes the canonical nuclear transport of mechanoresponsive transcriptional regulators through the nuclear pore complex, which is an exclusive route for macromolecular trafficking between the cytoplasm and nucleoplasm. The second pathway depends on the linker of the nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton (LINC) complex, which is a molecular bridge traversing the nuclear envelope between the cytoskeleton and nucleoskeleton. This protein complex is a central component in mechanotransduction at the nuclear envelope that transmits mechanical information from the cytoskeleton into the nucleus to influence the nuclear structure, nuclear stiffness, chromatin organization, and gene expression. Besides the mechanical force transducing function, recent increasing evidence shows that the LINC complex plays a role in controlling nucleocytoplasmic transport of mechanoresponsive transcriptional regulators. Here we discuss recent findings regarding the contribution of the LINC complex to the regulation of intracellular localization of the most-notable mechanosensitive transcriptional regulators, β-catenin, YAP, and TAZ.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyo Takata
- Ehime Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Tobe, Ehime, Japan
| | - Miki Matsumura
- Ehime Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Tobe, Ehime, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Chen F, Wang Q, Mu Y, Sun S, Yuan X, Shang P, Ji B. Systematic profiling and identification of the peptide-mediated interactions between human Yes-associated protein and its partners in esophageal cancer. J Mol Recognit 2021; 35:e2947. [PMID: 34964176 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Human Yes-associated protein (YAP) is involved in the Hippo signaling pathway and serves as a coactivator to modulate gene expression, which contains a transactivation domain (TD) responsible for binding to the downstream TEA domain family (TEAD) of transcription factors and two WW1/2 domains that recognize the proline-rich motifs (PRMs) present in a variety of upstream protein partners through peptide-mediated interactions (PMIs). The downstream YAP TD-TEAD interactions are closely associated with gastric cancer, and a number of therapeutic agents have been developed to target the interactions. In contrast, the upstream YAP WW1/2-partner interactions are thought to be involved in esophageal cancer but still remain largely unexplored. Here, we attempted to elucidate the complicated PMIs between the YAP WW1/2 domains and various PRMs of YAP-interacting proteins. A total of 106 peptide segments carrying the class I WW-binding motif [P/L]Px[Y/P] were extracted from 22 partner candidates, which are potential recognition sites of YAP WW1/2 domains. Structural and energetic analyses of the intermolecular interactions between the domains and peptides created a systematic domain-peptide binding profile, from which a number of biologically functional PMIs were identified and then substantiated in vitro using fluorescence spectroscopy assays. It is revealed that: (a) The sequence requirement for the partner recognition site binding to YAP WW1/2 domains is a decapeptide segment that contains a core PRM motif as well as two three-residue extensions from each side of the motif; the core motif and extended sections are responsible for the binding stability and recognition specificity of domain-peptide interaction, respectively. (b) There is an exquisite difference in the recognition specificity of the two domains; the LPxP and PPxP appear to more prefer WW1 than WW2, whereas the WW2 can bind more effectively to LPxY and PPxY than WW1. (c) WW2 generally exhibits a higher affinity to the panel of recognition site candidates than WW1. In addition, a number of partner peptides were found as promising recognition sites of the two domains and/or to have a good selectivity between the two domains. For example, the DVL1 peptide was determined to have moderate affinity to WW2 and strong selectivity for WW2 over WW1. Hydrogen bonds play a central role in selectivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, China
| | - Qifei Wang
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, China
| | - Yushu Mu
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, China
| | - Shibin Sun
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, China
| | - Xulong Yuan
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, China
| | - Pan Shang
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, China
| | - Bo Ji
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Wang LT, Proulx MÈ, Kim AD, Lelarge V, McCaffrey L. A proximity proteomics screen in three-dimensional spheroid cultures identifies novel regulators of lumen formation. Sci Rep 2021; 11:22807. [PMID: 34815476 PMCID: PMC8610992 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-02178-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Apical-basal cell polarity and lumen formation are essential features of many epithelial tissues, which are disrupted in diseases like cancer. Here, we describe a proteomics-based screen to identify proteins involved in lumen formation in three-dimensional spheroid cultures. We established a suspension-based culture method suitable for generating polarized cysts in sufficient quantities for proteomic analysis. Using this approach, we identified several known and unknown proteins proximally associated with PAR6B, an apical protein involved in lumen formation. Functional analyses of candidates identified PARD3B (a homolog of PARD3), RALB, and HRNR as regulators of lumen formation. We also identified PTPN14 as a component of the Par-complex that is required for fidelity of apical-basal polarity. Cells transformed with KRASG12V exhibit lumen collapse/filling concomitant with disruption of the Par-complex and down-regulation of PTPN14. Enforced expression of PTPN14 maintained the lumen and restricted the transformed phenotype in KRASG12V-expressing cells. This represents an applicable approach to explore protein–protein interactions in three-dimensional culture and to identify proteins important for lumen maintenance in normal and oncogene-expressing cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ting Wang
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 1A3, Canada.,Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Marie-Ève Proulx
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 1A3, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Anne D Kim
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 1A3, Canada.,Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Virginie Lelarge
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Luke McCaffrey
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 1A3, Canada. .,Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada. .,Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3G 1Y6, Canada. .,Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H4A 3T2, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Hwang D, Kim M, Kim S, Kwon MR, Kang YS, Kim D, Kang HC, Lim DS. AMOTL2 mono-ubiquitination by WWP1 promotes contact inhibition by facilitating LATS activation. Life Sci Alliance 2021; 4:4/10/e202000953. [PMID: 34404733 PMCID: PMC8372784 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202000953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This work reveals a novel function of WWP1 E3 ligase in the mono-ubiquitination of AMOTL2, which enables the binding and activation of LATS kinases upon contact inhibition. Contact inhibition is a key cellular phenomenon that prevents cells from hyper-proliferating upon reaching confluence. Although not fully characterized, a critical driver of this process is the Hippo signaling pathway, whose downstream effector yes-associated protein plays pivotal roles in cell growth and differentiation. Here, we provide evidence that the E3 ligase WWP1 (WW-domain containing protein 1) mono-ubiquitinates AMOTL2 (angiomotin-like 2) at K347 and K408. Mono-ubiquitinated AMOTL2, in turn, interacts with the kinase LATS2, which facilitates recruitment of the upstream Hippo pathway component SAV1 and ultimately promotes yes-associated protein phosphorylation and subsequent cytoplasmic sequestration and/or degradation. Furthermore, contact inhibition induced by high cell density promoted the localization and stabilization of WWP1 at cell junctions, where it interacted with Crumbs polarity proteins. Notably, the Crumbs complex was functionally important for AMOTL2 mono-ubiquitination and LATS activation under high cell density conditions. These findings delineate a functionally important molecular mechanism in which AMOTL2 mono-ubiquitination by WWP1 at cell junctions and LATS activation are tightly coupled to upstream cell density cues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daehee Hwang
- National Creative Research Center for Cell Plasticity, Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Miju Kim
- National Creative Research Center for Cell Plasticity, Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Soyeon Kim
- Genomic Instability Research Center, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Mi Ra Kwon
- Genomic Instability Research Center, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Ye-Seul Kang
- National Creative Research Center for Cell Plasticity, Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Dahyun Kim
- National Creative Research Center for Cell Plasticity, Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Ho-Chul Kang
- Genomic Instability Research Center, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Dae-Sik Lim
- National Creative Research Center for Cell Plasticity, Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Le TT, Ainsworth J, Polo Rivera C, Macartney T, Labib KP. Reconstitution of human CMG helicase ubiquitylation by CUL2LRR1 and multiple E2 enzymes. Biochem J 2021; 478:2825-2842. [PMID: 34195792 PMCID: PMC8331092 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20210315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cullin ubiquitin ligases drive replisome disassembly during DNA replication termination. In worm, frog and mouse cells, CUL2LRR1 is required to ubiquitylate the MCM7 subunit of the CMG helicase. Here, we show that cullin ligases also drive CMG-MCM7 ubiquitylation in human cells, thereby making the helicase into a substrate for the p97 unfoldase. Using purified human proteins, including a panel of E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes, we have reconstituted CMG helicase ubiquitylation, dependent upon neddylated CUL2LRR1. The reaction is highly specific to CMG-MCM7 and requires the LRR1 substrate targeting subunit, since replacement of LRR1 with the alternative CUL2 adaptor VHL switches ubiquitylation from CMG-MCM7 to HIF1. CUL2LRR1 firstly drives monoubiquitylation of CMG-MCM7 by the UBE2D class of E2 enzymes. Subsequently, CUL2LRR1 activates UBE2R1/R2 or UBE2G1/G2 to extend a single K48-linked ubiquitin chain on CMG-MCM7. Thereby, CUL2LRR1 converts CMG into a substrate for p97, which disassembles the ubiquitylated helicase during DNA replication termination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thanh Thi Le
- The MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, U.K
| | - Johanna Ainsworth
- The MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, U.K
| | - Cristian Polo Rivera
- The MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, U.K
| | - Thomas Macartney
- The MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, U.K
| | - Karim P.M. Labib
- The MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Li FL, Guan KL. The two sides of Hippo pathway in cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2021; 85:33-42. [PMID: 34265423 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The Hippo signaling pathway was originally characterized by genetic studies in Drosophila to regulate tissue growth and organ size, and the core components of this pathway are highly conserved in mammals. Studies over the past two decades have revealed critical physiological and pathological functions of the Hippo tumor-suppressor pathway, which is tightly regulated by a broad range of intracellular and extracellular signals. These properties enable the Hippo pathway to serve as an important controller in organismal development and adult tissue homeostasis. Dysregulation of the Hippo signaling has been observed in many cancer types, suggesting the possibility of cancer treatment by targeting the Hippo pathway. The general consensus is that Hippo has tumor suppressor function. However, growing evidence also suggests that the function of the Hippo pathway in malignancy is cancer context dependent as recent studies indicating tumor promoting function of LATS. This article surveys the Hippo pathway signaling mechanisms and then reviews both the tumor suppressing and promoting function of this pathway. A comprehensive understanding of the dual roles of the Hippo pathway in cancer will benefit future therapeutic targeting of the Hippo pathway for cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Long Li
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kun-Liang Guan
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Abstract
The lymphatic vasculature plays important role in regulating fluid homeostasis, intestinal lipid absorption, and immune surveillance in humans. Malfunction of lymphatic vasculature leads to several human diseases. Understanding the fundamental mechanism in lymphatic vascular development not only expand our knowledge, but also provide a new therapeutic insight. Recently, Hippo-YAP/TAZ signaling pathway, a key mechanism of organ size and tissue homeostasis, has emerged as a critical player that regulate lymphatic specification, sprouting, and maturation. In this review, we discuss the mechanistic regulation and pathophysiological significant of Hippo pathway in lymphatic vascular development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Boksik Cha
- Daegu Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Korea
| | - Sungjin Moon
- Department of Biological Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Wantae Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Kwon H, Kim J, Jho EH. Role of the Hippo pathway and mechanisms for controlling cellular localization of YAP/TAZ. FEBS J 2021; 289:5798-5818. [PMID: 34173335 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The Hippo pathway is a crucial signaling mechanism that inhibits the growth of cells and organs during development and in disease. When the Hippo pathway is activated, YAP/TAZ transcriptional coactivators are phosphorylated by upstream kinases, preventing nuclear localization of YAP/TAZ. However, when the Hippo pathway is inhibited, YAP/TAZ localize mainly in the nucleus and induce the expression of target genes related to cell proliferation. Abnormal proliferation of cells is one of the hallmarks of cancer initiation, and activation of Hippo pathway dampens such cell proliferation. Various types of diseases including cancer can occur due to the dysregulation of the Hippo pathway. Therefore, a better understanding of the Hippo pathway signaling mechanisms, and in particular how YAP/TAZ exist in the nucleus, may lead to the identification of new therapeutic targets for treating cancer and other diseases. In this review, we summarize the overall Hippo pathway and discuss mechanisms related to nuclear localization of YAP/TAZ.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyeryun Kwon
- Department of Life Science, University of Seoul, Korea
| | - Jiyoung Kim
- Department of Life Science, University of Seoul, Korea
| | - Eek-Hoon Jho
- Department of Life Science, University of Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Miyachi Y, Nishio M, Otani J, Matsumoto S, Kikuchi A, Mak TW, Maehama T, Suzuki A. TAZ inhibits acinar cell differentiation but promotes immature ductal cell proliferation in adult mouse salivary glands. Genes Cells 2021; 26:714-726. [PMID: 34142411 DOI: 10.1111/gtc.12879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
There are currently no treatments for salivary gland diseases, making it vital to understand signaling mechanisms operating in acinar and ductal cells so as to develop regenerative therapies. To date, little work has focused on elucidating the signaling cascades controlling the differentiation of these cell types in adult mammals. To analyze the function of the Hippo-TAZ/YAP1 pathway in adult mouse salivary glands, we generated adMOB1DKO mice in which both MOB1A and MOB1B were TAM-inducibly deleted when the animals were adults. Three weeks after TAM treatment, adMOB1DKO mice exhibited smaller submandibular glands (SMGs) than controls with a decreased number of acinar cells and an increased number of immature dysplastic ductal cells. The mutants suffered from reduced saliva production accompanied by mild inflammatory cell infiltration and fibrosis in SMGs, similar to the Sjogren's syndrome. MOB1-deficient acinar cells showed normal proliferation and apoptosis but decreased differentiation, leading to an increase in acinar/ductal bilineage progenitor cells. These changes were TAZ-dependent but YAP1-independent. Biochemically, MOB1-deficient salivary epithelial cells showed activation of the TAZ/YAP1 and β-catenin in ductal cells, but reduced SOX2 and SOX10 expression in acinar cells. Thus, Hippo-TAZ signaling is critical for proper ductal and acinar cell differentiation and function in adult mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Miyachi
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Miki Nishio
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Junji Otani
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Shinji Matsumoto
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Akira Kikuchi
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Tak Wah Mak
- The Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Departments of Immunology and Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Pathology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Tomohiko Maehama
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Akira Suzuki
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Mohajan S, Jaiswal PK, Vatanmakarian M, Yousefi H, Sankaralingam S, Alahari SK, Koul S, Koul HK. Hippo pathway: Regulation, deregulation and potential therapeutic targets in cancer. Cancer Lett 2021; 507:112-123. [PMID: 33737002 PMCID: PMC10370464 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Hippo pathway is a master regulator of development, cell proliferation, stem cell function, tissue regeneration, homeostasis, and organ size control. Hippo pathway relays signals from different extracellular and intracellular events to regulate cell behavior and functions. Hippo pathway is conserved from Protista to eukaryotes. Deregulation of the Hippo pathway is associated with numerous cancers. Alteration of the Hippo pathway results in cell invasion, migration, disease progression, and therapy resistance in cancers. However, the function of the various components of the mammalian Hippo pathway is yet to be elucidated in detail especially concerning tumor biology. In the present review, we focused on the Hippo pathway in different model organisms, its regulation and deregulation, and possible therapeutic targets for cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suman Mohajan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, LSUHSC, Shreveport, USA
| | - Praveen Kumar Jaiswal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, LSUHSC, School of Medicine, New Orleans, USA; Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, LSUHSC, New Orleans, USA
| | - Mousa Vatanmakarian
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, LSUHSC, School of Medicine, New Orleans, USA
| | - Hassan Yousefi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, LSUHSC, School of Medicine, New Orleans, USA
| | | | - Suresh K Alahari
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, LSUHSC, School of Medicine, New Orleans, USA; Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, LSUHSC, New Orleans, USA
| | - Sweaty Koul
- Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, LSUHSC, New Orleans, USA
| | - Hari K Koul
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, LSUHSC, School of Medicine, New Orleans, USA; Urology, LSUHSC, School of Medicine, New Orleans, USA; Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, LSUHSC, New Orleans, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Fan Y, Köberlin MS, Ratnayeke N, Liu C, Deshpande M, Gerhardt J, Meyer T. LRR1-mediated replisome disassembly promotes DNA replication by recycling replisome components. J Cell Biol 2021; 220:212186. [PMID: 34037657 PMCID: PMC8160578 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202009147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
After two converging DNA replication forks meet, active replisomes are disassembled and unloaded from chromatin. A key process in replisome disassembly is the unloading of CMG helicases (CDC45–MCM–GINS), which is initiated in Caenorhabditis elegans and Xenopus laevis by the E3 ubiquitin ligase CRL2LRR1. Here, we show that human cells lacking LRR1 fail to unload CMG helicases and accumulate increasing amounts of chromatin-bound replisome components as cells progress through S phase. Markedly, we demonstrate that the failure to disassemble replisomes reduces the rate of DNA replication increasingly throughout S phase by sequestering rate-limiting replisome components on chromatin and blocking their recycling. Continued binding of CMG helicases to chromatin during G2 phase blocks mitosis by activating an ATR-mediated G2/M checkpoint. Finally, we provide evidence that LRR1 is an essential gene for human cell division, suggesting that CRL2LRR1 enzyme activity is required for the proliferation of cancer cells and is thus a potential target for cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Fan
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Marielle S Köberlin
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Nalin Ratnayeke
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Chad Liu
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Madhura Deshpande
- Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Jeannine Gerhardt
- Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Tobias Meyer
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Cai X, Wang KC, Meng Z. Mechanoregulation of YAP and TAZ in Cellular Homeostasis and Disease Progression. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:673599. [PMID: 34109179 PMCID: PMC8182050 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.673599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Biophysical cues, such as mechanical properties, play a critical role in tissue growth and homeostasis. During organ development and tissue injury repair, compressive and tensional forces generated by cell-extracellular matrix or cell-cell interaction are key factors for cell fate determination. In the vascular system, hemodynamic forces, shear stress, and cyclic stretch modulate vascular cell phenotypes and susceptibility to atherosclerosis. Despite that emerging efforts have been made to investigate how mechanotransduction is involved in tuning cell and tissue functions in various contexts, the regulatory mechanisms remain largely unknown. One of the challenges is to understand the signaling cascades that transmit mechanical cues from the plasma membrane to the cytoplasm and then to the nuclei to generate mechanoresponsive transcriptomes. YAP and its homolog TAZ, the Hippo pathway effectors, have been identified as key mechanotransducers that sense mechanical stimuli and relay the signals to control transcriptional programs for cell proliferation, differentiation, and transformation. However, the upstream mechanosensors for YAP/TAZ signaling and downstream transcriptome responses following YAP/TAZ activation or repression have not been well characterized. Moreover, the mechanoregulation of YAP/TAZ in literature is highly context-dependent. In this review, we summarize the biomechanical cues in the tissue microenvironment and provide an update on the roles of YAP/TAZ in mechanotransduction in various physiological and pathological conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Cai
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kuei-Chun Wang
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
| | - Zhipeng Meng
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Jiang X, Hu J, Wu Z, Cafarello ST, Di Matteo M, Shen Y, Dong X, Adler H, Mazzone M, Ruiz de Almodovar C, Wang X. Protein Phosphatase 2A Mediates YAP Activation in Endothelial Cells Upon VEGF Stimulation and Matrix Stiffness. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:675562. [PMID: 34055807 PMCID: PMC8158299 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.675562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is an essential process during development. Abnormal angiogenesis also contributes to many disease conditions such as tumor and retinal diseases. Previous studies have established the Hippo signaling pathway effector Yes-associated protein (YAP) as a crucial regulator of angiogenesis. In ECs, activated YAP promotes endothelial cell proliferation, migration and sprouting. YAP activity is regulated by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and mechanical cues such as extracellular matrix (ECM) stiffness. However, it is unclear how VEGF or ECM stiffness signal to YAP, especially how dephosphorylation of YAP occurs in response to VEGF stimulus or ECM stiffening. Here, we show that protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is required for this process. Blocking PP2A activity abolishes VEGF or ECM stiffening mediated YAP activation. Systemic administration of a PP2A inhibitor suppresses YAP activity in blood vessels in developmental and pathological angiogenesis mouse models. Consistently, PP2A inhibitor also inhibits sprouting angiogenesis. Mechanistically, PP2A directly interacts with YAP, and this interaction requires proper cytoskeleton dynamics. These findings identify PP2A as a crucial mediator of YAP activation in ECs and hence as an important regulator of angiogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Jiang
- Laboratory of Molecular Ophthalmology, Department of Pharmacology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiandong Hu
- Laboratory of Molecular Ophthalmology, Department of Pharmacology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ziru Wu
- Laboratory of Molecular Ophthalmology, Department of Pharmacology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Sarah Trusso Cafarello
- Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mario Di Matteo
- Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ying Shen
- European Center for Angioscience, Medicine Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Xue Dong
- Laboratory of Molecular Ophthalmology, Department of Pharmacology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Heike Adler
- European Center for Angioscience, Medicine Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Massimiliano Mazzone
- Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Carmen Ruiz de Almodovar
- European Center for Angioscience, Medicine Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Ophthalmology, Department of Pharmacology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Swaroop B SS, Kanumuri R, Ezhil I, Naidu Sampangi JK, Kremerskothen J, Rayala SK, Venkatraman G. KIBRA connects Hippo signaling and cancer. Exp Cell Res 2021; 403:112613. [PMID: 33901448 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The Hippo signaling pathway is a tumor suppressor pathway that plays an important role in tissue homeostasis and organ size control. KIBRA is one of the many upstream regulators of the Hippo pathway. It functions as a tumor suppressor by positively regulating the core Hippo kinase cascade. However, there are accumulating shreds of evidence showing that KIBRA has an oncogenic function, which we speculate may arise from its functions away from the Hippo pathway. In this review, we have attempted to provide an overview of the Hippo signaling with a special emphasis on evidence showing the paradoxical role of KIBRA in cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Srikanth Swamy Swaroop B
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences & Technology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, 600116, Tamil Nadu, India; Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, Chennai, 600036, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rahul Kanumuri
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences & Technology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, 600116, Tamil Nadu, India; Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, Chennai, 600036, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Inemai Ezhil
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, Chennai, 600036, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jagadeesh Kumar Naidu Sampangi
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences & Technology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, 600116, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Joachim Kremerskothen
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Rheumatology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Suresh Kumar Rayala
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, Chennai, 600036, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Ganesh Venkatraman
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences & Technology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, 600116, Tamil Nadu, India.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Young KA, Biggins L, Sharpe HJ. Protein tyrosine phosphatases in cell adhesion. Biochem J 2021; 478:1061-1083. [PMID: 33710332 PMCID: PMC7959691 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20200511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Adhesive structures between cells and with the surrounding matrix are essential for the development of multicellular organisms. In addition to providing mechanical integrity, they are key signalling centres providing feedback on the extracellular environment to the cell interior, and vice versa. During development, mitosis and repair, cell adhesions must undergo extensive remodelling. Post-translational modifications of proteins within these complexes serve as switches for activity. Tyrosine phosphorylation is an important modification in cell adhesion that is dynamically regulated by the protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) and protein tyrosine kinases. Several PTPs are implicated in the assembly and maintenance of cell adhesions, however, their signalling functions remain poorly defined. The PTPs can act by directly dephosphorylating adhesive complex components or function as scaffolds. In this review, we will focus on human PTPs and discuss their individual roles in major adhesion complexes, as well as Hippo signalling. We have collated PTP interactome and cell adhesome datasets, which reveal extensive connections between PTPs and cell adhesions that are relatively unexplored. Finally, we reflect on the dysregulation of PTPs and cell adhesions in disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine A. Young
- Signalling Programme, Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, U.K
| | - Laura Biggins
- Bioinformatics, Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, U.K
| | - Hayley J. Sharpe
- Signalling Programme, Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
An L, Nie P, Chen M, Tang Y, Zhang H, Guan J, Cao Z, Hou C, Wang W, Zhao Y, Xu H, Jiao S, Zhou Z. MST4 kinase suppresses gastric tumorigenesis by limiting YAP activation via a non-canonical pathway. J Exp Med 2021; 217:151647. [PMID: 32271880 PMCID: PMC7971137 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20191817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperactivation of YAP has been commonly associated with tumorigenesis, and emerging evidence hints at multilayered Hippo-independent regulations of YAP. In this study, we identified a new MST4-YAP axis, which acts as a noncanonical Hippo signaling pathway that limits stress-induced YAP activation. MST4 kinase directly phosphorylated YAP at Thr83 to block its binding with importin α, therefore leading to YAP cytoplasmic retention and inactivation. Due to a consequential interplay between MST4-mediated YAP phospho-Thr83 signaling and the classical YAP phospho-Ser127 signaling, the phosphorylation level of YAP at Thr83 was correlated to that at Ser127. Mutation of T83E mimicking MST4-mediated alternative signaling restrained the activity of both wild-type YAP and its S127A mutant mimicking loss of classical Hippo signal. Depletion of MST4 in mice promoted gastric tumorigenesis with diminished Thr83 phosphorylation and hyperactivation of YAP. Moreover, loss of MST4-YAP signaling was associated with poor prognosis of human gastric cancer. Collectively, our study uncovered a noncanonical MST4-YAP signaling axis essential for suppressing gastric tumorigenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liwei An
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultrasound Diagnosis and Treatment, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Pingping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultrasound Diagnosis and Treatment, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Tang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultrasound Diagnosis and Treatment, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingmin Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhifa Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun Hou
- The School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Huixiong Xu
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultrasound Diagnosis and Treatment, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaocai Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,The School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Yang Y, Ma Q, Li Z, Wang H, Zhang C, Liu Y, Li B, Wang Y, Cui Q, Xue F, Ai D, Zhu Y, He J. Harmine alleviates atherogenesis by inhibiting disturbed flow-mediated endothelial activation via protein tyrosine phosphatase PTPN14 and YAP. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 178:1524-1540. [PMID: 33474722 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Disturbed flow induces endothelial dysfunction and contributes to uneven distribution of atherosclerotic plaque. Emerging evidence suggests that harmine, a natural constituent of extracts of Peganum harmala, has potent beneficial activities. Here, we investigated if harmine has an atheroprotective role under disturbed flow and the underlying mechanism. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Mice of ApoE-/- , LDLR-/- , and endothelial cell (EC)-specific overexpression of yes-associated protein (YAP) in ApoE-/- background were fed with a Western diet and given harmine for 4 weeks. Atherosclerotic lesion size, cellular composition, and expression of inflammatory genes in the aortic roots were assessed. HUVECs were treated with oscillatory shear stress (OSS) and harmine and also used for proteomic analysis. KEY RESULTS Harmine retarded atherogenesis in both ApoE-/- and LDLR-/- mice by inhibiting the endothelial inflammatory response. Mechanistically, harmine blocked OSS-induced YAP nuclear translocation and EC activation by reducing phosphorylation of YAP at Y357. Overexpression of endothelial YAP blunted the beneficial effects of harmine in mice. Proteomic study revealed that protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 14 (PTPN14) could bind to YAP. Moreover, harmine increased PTPN14 expression by stabilizing its protein level and inhibiting its degradation in proteasomes. PTPN14 knockdown blocked the effects of harmine on YAPY357 and EC activation. Finally, overexpression of PTPN14 mimicked the effects of harmine and ameliorated atherosclerosis, and knockdown of PTPN14 blunted the atheroprotective effects of harmine and accelerated atherosclerosis, in a partial ligation mouse model. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Harmine alleviated OSS-induced EC activation via a PTPN14/YAPY357 pathway and had a potent atheroprotective role.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiannan Ma
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhiyu Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chenghu Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yajin Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Bochuan Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yingmei Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Qinghua Cui
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Department of Biomedical Informatics, MOE Key Lab of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Centre for Noncoding RNA Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Fengxia Xue
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ding Ai
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinlong He
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Kim J, Zhu H, Wang X, Do K. Scalable network estimation with
L
0
penalty. Stat Anal Data Min 2021; 14:18-30. [DOI: 10.1002/sam.11483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junghi Kim
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research U.S. Food and Drug Administration Silver Spring Maryland USA
| | - Hongtu Zhu
- Department of Biostatistics University of North Carolina Chapel Hill North Carolina USA
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Statistics Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana USA
| | - Kim‐Anh Do
- Department of Biostatistics University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston Texas USA
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Zhou R, Wu Q, Wang M, Irani S, Li X, Zhang Q, Meng F, Liu S, Zhang F, Wu L, Lin X, Wang X, Zou J, Song H, Qin J, Liang T, Feng XH, Zhang YJ, Xu P. The protein phosphatase PPM1A dephosphorylates and activates YAP to govern mammalian intestinal and liver regeneration. PLoS Biol 2021; 19:e3001122. [PMID: 33630828 PMCID: PMC7978383 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The Hippo-YAP pathway responds to diverse environmental cues to manage tissue homeostasis, organ regeneration, tumorigenesis, and immunity. However, how phosphatase(s) directly target Yes-associated protein (YAP) and determine its physiological activity are still inconclusive. Here, we utilized an unbiased phosphatome screening and identified protein phosphatase magnesium-dependent 1A (PPM1A/PP2Cα) as the bona fide and physiological YAP phosphatase. We found that PPM1A was associated with YAP/TAZ in both the cytoplasm and the nucleus to directly eliminate phospho-S127 on YAP, which conferring YAP the nuclear distribution and transcription potency. Accordingly, genetic ablation or depletion of PPM1A in cells, organoids, and mice elicited an enhanced YAP/TAZ cytoplasmic retention and resulted in the diminished cell proliferation, severe gut regeneration defects in colitis, and impeded liver regeneration upon injury. These regeneration defects in murine model were largely rescued via a genetic large tumor suppressor kinase 1 (LATS1) deficiency or the pharmacological inhibition of Hippo-YAP signaling. Therefore, we identify a physiological phosphatase of YAP/TAZ, describe its critical effects in YAP/TAZ cellular distribution, and demonstrate its physiological roles in mammalian organ regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruyuan Zhou
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qirou Wu
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengqiu Wang
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Seema Irani
- Department of Molecular Biosciences; Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of America
| | - Xiao Li
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fansen Meng
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shengduo Liu
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fei Zhang
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liming Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xia Lin
- Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery and Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Xiaojian Wang
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian Zou
- Eye Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital School of Medicine, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hai Song
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Qin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingbo Liang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin-Hua Feng
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery and Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Yan Jessie Zhang
- Department of Molecular Biosciences; Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of America
| | - Pinglong Xu
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Heng BC, Zhang X, Aubel D, Bai Y, Li X, Wei Y, Fussenegger M, Deng X. An overview of signaling pathways regulating YAP/TAZ activity. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:497-512. [PMID: 32748155 PMCID: PMC11071991 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03579-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
YAP and TAZ are ubiquitously expressed homologous proteins originally identified as penultimate effectors of the Hippo signaling pathway, which plays a key role in maintaining mammalian tissue/organ size. Presently, it is known that YAP/TAZ also interact with various non-Hippo signaling pathways, and have diverse roles in multiple biological processes, including cell proliferation, tissue regeneration, cell lineage fate determination, tumorigenesis, and mechanosensing. In this review, we first examine the various microenvironmental cues and signaling pathways that regulate YAP/TAZ activation, through the Hippo and non-Hippo signaling pathways. This is followed by a brief summary of the interactions of YAP/TAZ with TEAD1-4 and a diverse array of other non-TEAD transcription factors. Finally, we offer a critical perspective on how increasing knowledge of the regulatory mechanisms of YAP/TAZ signaling might open the door to novel therapeutic applications in the interrelated fields of biomaterials, tissue engineering, regenerative medicine and synthetic biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Boon Chin Heng
- Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Sunway University, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Xuehui Zhang
- Department of Dental Materials & Dental Medical Devices Testing Center, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Dominique Aubel
- IUTA, Departement Genie Biologique, Universite, Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Yunyang Bai
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaochan Li
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wei
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Martin Fussenegger
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH-Zurich, Mattenstrasse 26, Basel, 4058, Switzerland.
| | - Xuliang Deng
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
- National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Maehama T, Nishio M, Otani J, Mak TW, Suzuki A. The role of Hippo-YAP signaling in squamous cell carcinomas. Cancer Sci 2020; 112:51-60. [PMID: 33159406 PMCID: PMC7780025 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Hippo‐YAP pathway regulates organ size, tissue homeostasis, and tumorigenesis in mammals. In response to cell density, external mechanical pressure, and/or other stimuli, the Hippo core complex controls the translocation of YAP1/TAZ proteins to the nucleus and thereby regulates cell growth. Abnormal upregulation or nuclear localization of YAP1/TAZ occurs in many human malignancies and promotes their formation, progression, and metastasis. A key example is squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) genesis. Many risk factors and crucial signals associated with SCC development in various tissues accelerate YAP1/TAZ accumulation, and mice possessing constitutively activated YAP1/TAZ show immediate carcinoma in situ (CIS) formation in these tissues. Because CIS onset is so rapid in these mutants, we propose that many SCCs initiate and progress when YAP1 activity is sustained and exceeds a certain oncogenic threshold. In this review, we summarize the latest findings on the roles of YAP1/TAZ in several types of SCCs. We also discuss whether targeting aberrant YAP1/TAZ activation might be a promising strategy for SCC treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiko Maehama
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Miki Nishio
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Junji Otani
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tak Wah Mak
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.,The Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, UHN, Toronto, Canada.,Departments of Immunology and Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Akira Suzuki
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Hanspers K, Riutta A, Summer-Kutmon M, Pico AR. Pathway information extracted from 25 years of pathway figures. Genome Biol 2020; 21:273. [PMID: 33168034 PMCID: PMC7649569 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-020-02181-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Thousands of pathway diagrams are published each year as static figures inaccessible to computational queries and analyses. Using a combination of machine learning, optical character recognition, and manual curation, we identified 64,643 pathway figures published between 1995 and 2019 and extracted 1,112,551 instances of human genes, comprising 13,464 unique NCBI genes, participating in a wide variety of biological processes. This collection represents an order of magnitude more genes than found in the text of the same papers, and thousands of genes missing from other pathway databases, thus presenting new opportunities for discovery and research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Hanspers
- Institute of Data Science and Biotechnology, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA USA
| | - Anders Riutta
- Institute of Data Science and Biotechnology, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA USA
| | - Martina Summer-Kutmon
- Maastricht Centre for Systems Biology (MaCSBio), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Bioinformatics - BiGCaT, NUTRIM, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander R. Pico
- Institute of Data Science and Biotechnology, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA USA
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Olmedo-Nieva L, Muñoz-Bello JO, Manzo-Merino J, Lizano M. New insights in Hippo signalling alteration in human papillomavirus-related cancers. Cell Signal 2020; 76:109815. [PMID: 33148514 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
The persistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) is an etiologic factor for the development of different types of cancers, mainly attributed to the continuous expression of E6 and E7 HPV oncoproteins, which regulate several cell signalling pathways including the Hippo pathway. It has been demonstrated that E6 proteins promote the increase of the Hippo elements YAP, TAZ and TEAD, at protein level, as well as their transcriptional targets. Also, E6 and E7 oncoproteins promote nuclear YAP localization and a decrease in YAP negative regulators such as MST1, PTPN14 or SOCS6. Interestingly, Hippo signalling components modulate HPV activity, such as TEAD1 and the transcriptional co-factor VGLL1, induce the activation of HPV early and late promoters, while hyperactivation of YAP in specific cells facilitates virus infection by increasing putative HPV receptors and by evading innate immunity. Additionally, alterations in Hippo signalling elements have been found in HPV-related cancers and particularly, the involvement of HPV oncoproteins on the regulation of some of these Hippo components has been also proposed, although the precise mechanisms remain unclear. The present review addresses the recent findings describing the interplay between HPV and Hippo signalling in HPV-related cancers, a fact that highlights the importance of developing more in-depth studies in this field to establish key therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leslie Olmedo-Nieva
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología-Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Bioquímicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - J Omar Muñoz-Bello
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología-Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Sede sur, Mexico City 14330, Mexico
| | - Joaquín Manzo-Merino
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología-Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; Cátedras CONACyT-Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Marcela Lizano
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología-Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City 04510, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Buckarma EH, Werneburg NW, Conboy CB, Kabashima A, O'Brien DR, Wang C, Ilyas SI, Smoot RL. The YAP-Interacting Phosphatase SHP2 Can Regulate Transcriptional Coactivity and Modulate Sensitivity to Chemotherapy in Cholangiocarcinoma. Mol Cancer Res 2020; 18:1574-1588. [PMID: 32646966 PMCID: PMC7541657 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-20-0165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The Hippo pathway effector Yes-associated protein (YAP) is localized to the nucleus and transcriptionally active in a number of tumor types, including a majority of human cholangiocarcinomas. YAP activity has been linked to chemotherapy resistance and has been shown to rescue KRAS and BRAF inhibition in RAS/RAF-driven cancers; however, the underlying mechanisms of YAP-mediated chemoresistance have yet to be elucidated. Herein, we report that the tyrosine phosphatase SHP2 directly regulates the activity of YAP by dephosphorylating pYAPY357 even in the setting of RAS/RAF mutations, and that diminished SHP2 phosphatase activity is associated with chemoresistance in cholangiocarcinomas. A screen for YAP-interacting tyrosine phosphatases identified SHP2, and characterization of cholangiocarcinomas cell lines demonstrated an inverse relationship between SHP2 levels and pYAPY357. Human sequencing data demonstrated lower SHP2 levels in cholangiocarcinomas tumors as compared with normal liver. Cell lines with low SHP2 expression and higher levels of pYAPY357 were resistant to gemcitabine and cisplatin. In cholangiocarcinomas cells with high levels of SHP2, pharmacologic inhibition or genetic deletion of SHP2 increased YAPY357 phosphorylation and expression of YAP target genes, including the antiapoptotic regulator MCL1, imparting resistance to gemcitabine and cisplatin. In vivo evaluation of chemotherapy sensitivity demonstrated significant resistance in xenografts with genetic deletion of SHP2, which could be overcome by utilizing an MCL1 inhibitor. IMPLICATIONS: These findings demonstrate a role for SHP2 in regulating YAP activity and chemosensitivity, and suggest that decreased phosphatase activity may be a mechanism of chemoresistance in cholangiocarcinoma via a MCL1-mediated mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nathan W Werneburg
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - Ayano Kabashima
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Daniel R O'Brien
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Chen Wang
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Sumera I Ilyas
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Rory L Smoot
- Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Sarmasti Emami S, Zhang D, Yang X. Interaction of the Hippo Pathway and Phosphatases in Tumorigenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2438. [PMID: 32867200 PMCID: PMC7564220 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The Hippo pathway is an emerging tumor suppressor signaling pathway involved in a wide range of cellular processes. Dysregulation of different components of the Hippo signaling pathway is associated with a number of diseases including cancer. Therefore, identification of the Hippo pathway regulators and the underlying mechanism of its regulation may be useful to uncover new therapeutics for cancer therapy. The Hippo signaling pathway includes a set of kinases that phosphorylate different proteins in order to phosphorylate and inactivate its main downstream effectors, YAP and TAZ. Thus, modulating phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of the Hippo components by kinases and phosphatases play critical roles in the regulation of the signaling pathway. While information regarding kinase regulation of the Hippo pathway is abundant, the role of phosphatases in regulating this pathway is just beginning to be understood. In this review, we summarize the most recent reports on the interaction of phosphatases and the Hippo pathway in tumorigenesis. We have also introduced challenges in clarifying the role of phosphatases in the Hippo pathway and future direction of crosstalk between phosphatases and the Hippo pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xiaolong Yang
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada; (S.S.E.); (D.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Nishio M, To Y, Maehama T, Aono Y, Otani J, Hikasa H, Kitagawa A, Mimori K, Sasaki T, Nishina H, Toyokuni S, Lydon JP, Nakao K, Wah Mak T, Kiyono T, Katabuchi H, Tashiro H, Suzuki A. Endogenous YAP1 activation drives immediate onset of cervical carcinoma in situ in mice. Cancer Sci 2020; 111:3576-3587. [PMID: 32716083 PMCID: PMC7541006 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer (CC) is usually initiated by infection with high‐risk types of human papillomavirus (HPV). The HPV E6 and E7 proteins target p53 and RB, respectively, but other cellular targets likely exist. We generated uterus‐specific MOB1A/B double KO (uMob1DKO) mice, which immediately developed cervical squamous cell carcinoma in situ. Mutant cervical epithelial cells showed YAP1‐dependent hyperproliferation, altered self‐renewal, impaired contact inhibition, and chromosomal instability. p53 activation was increased in uMob1DKO cells, and additional p53 loss in uMob1DKO mice accelerated tumor invasion. In human CC, strong YAP1 activation was observed from the precancerous stage. Human cells overexpressing HPV16 E6/E7 showed inactivation of not only p53 and RB but also PTPN14, boosting YAP1 activation. Estrogen, cigarette smoke condensate, and PI3K hyperactivation all increased YAP1 activity in human cervical epithelial cells, and PTPN14 depletion along with PI3K activation or estrogen treatment further enhanced YAP1. Thus, immediate CC onset may initiate when YAP1 activity exceeds an oncogenic threshold, making Hippo‐YAP1 signaling a major CC driver.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miki Nishio
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.,Division of Cancer Genetics, MIB, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoko To
- Division of Cancer Genetics, MIB, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Maehama
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yukari Aono
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Junji Otani
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hiroki Hikasa
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kita-kyushu, Japan
| | - Akihiro Kitagawa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Medical School and Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Koshi Mimori
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, Beppu, Japan
| | - Takehiko Sasaki
- Department of Biochemical Pathophysiology, MRI, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nishina
- Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, MRI, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinya Toyokuni
- Department of Pathology and Biological Responses, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - John P Lydon
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kazuwa Nakao
- MIC, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tak Wah Mak
- The Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, UHN, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, Toronto University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Tohru Kiyono
- Division of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Katabuchi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hironori Tashiro
- Department of Women's Health Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Akira Suzuki
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.,Division of Cancer Genetics, MIB, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
A Conserved Amino Acid in the C Terminus of Human Papillomavirus E7 Mediates Binding to PTPN14 and Repression of Epithelial Differentiation. J Virol 2020; 94:JVI.01024-20. [PMID: 32581101 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01024-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The human papillomavirus (HPV) E7 oncoprotein is a primary driver of HPV-mediated carcinogenesis. The E7 proteins from diverse HPVs bind to the host cellular nonreceptor protein tyrosine phosphatase type 14 (PTPN14) and direct it for degradation through the activity of the E7-associated host E3 ubiquitin ligase UBR4. Here, we show that a highly conserved arginine residue in the C-terminal domain of diverse HPV E7 mediates the interaction with PTPN14. We found that disruption of PTPN14 binding through mutation of the C-terminal arginine did not impact the ability of several high-risk HPV E7 proteins to bind and degrade the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor or activate E2F target gene expression. HPVs infect human keratinocytes, and we previously reported that both PTPN14 degradation by HPV16 E7 and PTPN14 CRISPR knockout repress keratinocyte differentiation-related genes. Now, we have found that blocking PTPN14 binding through mutation of the conserved C-terminal arginine rendered both HPV16 and HPV18 E7 unable to repress differentiation-related gene expression. We then confirmed that the HPV18 E7 variant that could not bind PTPN14 was also impaired in repressing differentiation when expressed from the complete HPV18 genome. Finally, we found that the ability of HPV18 E7 to extend the life span of primary human keratinocytes required PTPN14 binding. CRISPR/Cas9 knockout of PTPN14 rescued keratinocyte life span extension in the presence of the PTPN14 binding-deficient HPV18 E7 variant. These results support the model that PTPN14 degradation by high-risk HPV E7 leads to repression of differentiation and contributes to its carcinogenic activity.IMPORTANCE The E7 oncoprotein is a primary driver of HPV-mediated carcinogenesis. HPV E7 binds the putative tumor suppressor PTPN14 and targets it for degradation using the ubiquitin ligase UBR4. PTPN14 binds to a C-terminal arginine highly conserved in diverse HPV E7. Our previous efforts to understand how PTPN14 degradation contributes to the carcinogenic activity of high-risk HPV E7 used variants of E7 unable to bind to UBR4. Now, by directly manipulating E7 binding to PTPN14 and using a PTPN14 knockout rescue experiment, we demonstrate that the degradation of PTPN14 is required for high-risk HPV18 E7 to extend keratinocyte life span. Our data show that PTPN14 binding by HPV16 E7 and HPV18 E7 represses keratinocyte differentiation. HPV-positive cancers are frequently poorly differentiated, and the HPV life cycle depends upon keratinocyte differentiation. The finding that PTPN14 binding by HPV E7 impairs differentiation has significant implications for HPV-mediated carcinogenesis and the HPV life cycle.
Collapse
|