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Dong YX, Li TH, Wang SS, Hu YH, Liu Y, Zhang F, Sun TS, Zhang CJ, Du QH, Li WH. Bu zhong Yiqi Decoction ameliorates mild cognitive impairment by improving mitochondrial oxidative stress damage via the SIRT3/MnSOD/OGG1 pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 331:118237. [PMID: 38688355 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Bu-Zhong-Yi-Qi Decoction(BZYQD) is a traditional formula commonly used in China, known for its effects in tonifying Qi and raising Yang. It can relieve symptoms of cognitive impairment such as forgetfulness and lack of concentration caused by qi deficiency, which is common in aging and debilitating. However, much of the current research on BZYQD has been focused on its impact on the digestive system, leaving its molecular mechanisms in improving cognitive function largely unexplored. AIM OF THE STUDY Cognitive decline in the aging central nervous system is intrinsically linked to oxidative damage. This study aims to investigate the therapeutic mechanism of BZYQD in treating mild cognitive impairment caused by qi deficiency, particularly through repair of mitochondrial oxidative damage. MATERIALS AND METHODS A rat model of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) was established by administering reserpine subcutaneously for two weeks, followed by a two-week treatment with BZYQD/GBE. In vitro experiments were conducted to assess the effects of BZYQD on neuronal cells using a H2O2-induced oxidative damage model in PC12 cells. The open field test and the Morris water maze test evaluated the cognitive and learning memory abilities of the rats. HE staining and TEM were employed to observe morphological changes in the hippocampus and its mitochondria. Mitochondrial activity, ATP levels, and cellular viability were measured using assay kits. Protein expression in the SIRT3/MnSOD/OGG1 pathway was analyzed in tissues and cells through western blotting. Levels of 8-OH-dG in mitochondria extracted from tissues and cells were quantified using ELISA. Mitochondrial morphology in PC12 cells was visualized using Mito Red, and mitochondrial membrane potential was assessed using the JC-1 kit. RESULTS BZYQD treatment significantly improved cognitive decline caused by reserpine in rats, as well as enhanced mitochondrial morphology and function in the hippocampus. Our findings indicate that BZYQD mitigates mtDNA oxidative damage in rats by modulating the SIRT3/MnSOD/OGG1 pathway. In PC12 cells, BZYQD reduced oxidative damage to mitochondria and mtDNA in H2O2-induced conditions and was associated with changes in the SIRT3/MnSOD/OGG1 pathway. CONCLUSION BZYQD effectively counteracts reserpine-induced mild cognitive impairment and ameliorates mitochondrial oxidative stress damage through the SIRT3/MnSOD/OGG1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Xin Dong
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Teng-Hui Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | | | - Yan-Hong Hu
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Beijing jingmei Group General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Tian-Shi Sun
- Sanya Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Sanya, China
| | | | - Qing-Hong Du
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China; Institute of Tibetan Medicine, University of Tibetan Medicine, Lhasa, 850000, Tibet Autonomous Region, China
| | - Wei-Hong Li
- School of Nursing, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
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2
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Abe K. Dynamic activity changes in transcription factors: Unlocking the mechanisms regulating physiological changes in the brain. Neurosci Res 2024:S0168-0102(24)00101-9. [PMID: 39134224 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2024.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/18/2024]
Abstract
Transcription factors (TFs) regulate the establishment and modulation of the transcriptome within cells, thereby playing a crucial role in various aspects of cellular physiology throughout the body. Quantitative measurement of TF activity during the development, function, and dysfunction of the brain is essential for gaining a deeper understanding of the regulatory mechanisms governing gene expression during these processes. Due to their role as regulators of gene expression, assessing and modulating detailed TF activity contributes to the development of practical methods to intervene in these processes, potentially offering more efficient treatments for diseases. Recent methodologies have revealed that TF activity is dynamically regulated within cells and organisms, including the adult brain. This review summarizes the regulatory mechanisms of TF activities and the methodologies used to assess them, emphasizing their importance in both fundamental research and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Abe
- Lab of Brain Development, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Katahira 2-1-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan; Division for the Establishment of Frontier Sciences of the Organization for Advanced Studies, Tohoku University, Katahira 2-1-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan.
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Buján GE, D'Alessio L, Serra HA, Guelman LR, Molina SJ. Assessment of Hippocampal-Related Behavioral Changes in Adolescent Rats of both Sexes Following Voluntary Intermittent Ethanol Intake and Noise Exposure: A Putative Underlying Mechanism and Implementation of a Non-pharmacological Preventive Strategy. Neurotox Res 2024; 42:29. [PMID: 38856796 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-024-00707-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Ethanol (EtOH) intake and noise exposure are particularly concerning among human adolescents because the potential to harm brain. Unfortunately, putative underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Moreover, implementing non-pharmacological strategies, such as enriched environments (EE), would be pertinent in the field of neuroprotection. This study aims to explore possible underlying triggering mechanism of hippocampus-dependent behaviors in adolescent animals of both sexes following ethanol intake, noise exposure, or a combination of both, as well as the impact of EE. Adolescent Wistar rats of both sexes were subjected to an intermittent voluntary EtOH intake paradigm for one week. A subgroup of animals was exposed to white noise for two hours after the last session of EtOH intake. Some animals of both groups were housed in EE cages. Hippocampal-dependent behavioral assessment and hippocampal oxidative state evaluation were performed. Results show that different hippocampal-dependent behavioral alterations might be induced in animals of both sexes after EtOH intake and sequential noise exposure, that in some cases are sex-specific. Moreover, hippocampal oxidative imbalance seems to be one of the potential underlying mechanisms. Additionally, most behavioral and oxidative alterations were prevented by EE. These findings suggest that two frequently found environmental agents may impact behavior and oxidative pathways in both sexes in an animal model. In addition, EE resulted a partially effective neuroprotective strategy. Therefore, it could be suggested that the implementation of a non-pharmacological approach might also potentially provide neuroprotective advantages against other challenges. Finally, considering its potential for translational human benefit might be worth.
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Affiliation(s)
- G E Buján
- Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Toxicología y Farmacología, 1ª Cátedra de Farmacología, Buenos Aires, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Paraguay 2155, piso 15, 1121, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - L D'Alessio
- Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Toxicología y Farmacología, 1ª Cátedra de Farmacología, Buenos Aires, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Paraguay 2155, piso 15, 1121, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencias (IBCN), Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - H A Serra
- Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Toxicología y Farmacología, 1ª Cátedra de Farmacología, Buenos Aires, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Paraguay 2155, piso 15, 1121, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - L R Guelman
- Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Toxicología y Farmacología, 1ª Cátedra de Farmacología, Buenos Aires, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Paraguay 2155, piso 15, 1121, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFyBO), Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - S J Molina
- Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFyBO), Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Generoso JS, Faller CJ, Collodel A, Catalão CHR, Dominguini D, Petronilho F, Barichello T, Giridharan VV. NLRP3 Activation Contributes to Memory Impairment in an Experimental Model of Pneumococcal Meningitis. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:239-251. [PMID: 37603152 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03549-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial meningitis is considered a life-threatening condition with high mortality rates. In response to the infection, signaling cascades, producing pro-inflammatory mediators trigger an exacerbated host immune response. Another inflammatory pathway occurs through the activation of inflammasomes. Studies highlight the role of the NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) in central nervous system disorders commonly involved in neuroinflammation. We aimed to investigate the role of NLRP3 and its inhibitor MCC950 on neurochemical, immunological, and behavioral parameters in the early and late stages of experimental pneumococcal meningitis. For this, adult male Wistar rats received an intracisternal injection of Streptococcus pneumoniae or artificial cerebrospinal fluid as a placebo. The animals were divided into control/saline, control/MCC950, meningitis/saline, and meningitis/MCC950. Immediately after the meningitis induction, the animals received 140 ng/kg MCC950 via intracisternal injection. For the acute protocol, 24 h after induction, brain structures were collected to evaluate cytokines, NLRP3, and microglia. In the long-term group, the animals were submitted to open field and recognition of new objects tests at ten days after the meningitis induction. After the behavioral tests, the same markers were evaluated. The animals in the meningitis group at 24 h showed increased levels of cytokines, NLRP3, and IBA-1 expression, and the use of the MCC950 significantly reduced those levels. Although free from infection, ten days after meningitis induction, the animals in the meningitis group had elevated cytokine levels and demonstrated behavioral deficits; however, the single dose of NLRP3 inhibitor rescued the behavior deficits and decreased the brain inflammatory profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaqueline S Generoso
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil.
| | - Cristiano Julio Faller
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Allan Collodel
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Carlos Henrique Rocha Catalão
- Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Translational Psychiatry Program, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA
| | - Diogo Dominguini
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Fabricia Petronilho
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Barichello
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
- Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Translational Psychiatry Program, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA
| | - Vijayasree V Giridharan
- Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Translational Psychiatry Program, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA.
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Schroeder MN, Fullio CL, Ballarini F, Moncada D. Modulation of memory reconsolidation by adjacent novel tasks: timing defines the nature of change. Commun Biol 2023; 6:1288. [PMID: 38114781 PMCID: PMC10730840 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05666-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Reconsolidation turns memories into a responsive state that allows their modulation until they stabilize again. This phenomenon attracted remarkable attention due to its potential impact on therapeutics and education. Recent evidence revealed that different memories undergo reconsolidation via a behavioral tagging process. Thus, their re-stabilization involves setting "reconsolidation-tags" and synthesizing plasticity-related proteins for their capture at the tagged sites. Here, we studied the possibility of affecting these fundamental mechanisms to modulate reconsolidation. Our findings, in laboratory rats, indicate that exploring a novel environment 60 min before or after memory reactivation improves spatial object recognition memory by promoting protein synthesis. Conversely, experiencing novelty immediately after reactivation impairs the reconsolidation by affecting the tags. Similar effects, but with a different optimal time window for improvement, occur in inhibitory avoidance memory. These results highlight the possibility of modulating existing memories using non-invasive interventions that selectively affect the fundamental mechanisms of behavioral tagging during their reconsolidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matías Nicolás Schroeder
- Laboratorio de Neurofisiología de la Memoria, Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia, Facultad de Medicina (UBA/CONICET) - Instituto Tecnológico de Buenos Aires (ITBA), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Camila L Fullio
- Laboratorio de Neurofisiología de la Memoria, Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia "Prof. E. De Robertis" (IBCN), Facultad de Medicina, UBA-CONICET, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fabricio Ballarini
- Laboratorio de neurociencia translacional, Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia "Prof. E. De Robertis" (IBCN), Facultad de Medicina, UBA-CONICET, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto Tecnológico de Buenos Aires, Av. Madero 399, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Diego Moncada
- Laboratorio de Neurofisiología de la Memoria, Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia, Facultad de Medicina (UBA/CONICET) - Instituto Tecnológico de Buenos Aires (ITBA), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Centro Integrativo de Biología y Química Aplicada, Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, Santiago, Chile.
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6
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Réus GZ, Abitante MS, Manosso LM, de Moura AB, Borba LA, Botelho MEM, Darabas AC, Demo JP, Behenck JP, Arent CO, Garbossa L, Joaquim L, Cardoso TA, Petronilho F, Quevedo J. Environmental Enrichment Rescues Oxidative Stress and Behavioral Impairments Induced by Maternal Care Deprivation: Sex- and Developmental-Dependent Differences. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:6757-6773. [PMID: 34665408 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02588-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Stress is related to major depressive disorder (MDD). This study investigated the action that early stress, represented by maternal deprivation (MD), has on the behavior and oxidative stress of Wistar female and male rats. Also, it was evaluated whether changes induced by MD could be reversed by environmental enrichment (EE). Male and female rats were divided into a non-MD and MD group. The MD group was subdivided into 3 groups: (1) assessed on the 31st day after exposure to EE for 10 days, (2) assessed on the 41st day after exposure to EE for 20 days, and (3) assessed on the 61st day after exposure to EE for 40 days. Behavioral tests were performed (memory habituation and elevated plus maze). Oxidative stress parameters were evaluated peripherally. MD was able to promote anxiety-like behavior at postnatal day (PND) 41 and impair memory at PND 31 and PND 61 in male and PND 41 and PND 61 in female rats. MD was associated with increased oxidative stress parameters (reactive species to thiobarbituric acid levels (TBARS), carbonylated proteins, nitrite/nitrate concentration), and altered antioxidant defenses (superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), and sulfhydryl content) in different stages of development. The EE was able to reverse almost all behavioral and biochemical changes induced by MD; however, EE effects were sex and developmental period dependent. These findings reinforce the understanding of the gender variable as a biological factor in MDD related to MD and EE could be considered a treatment option for MDD treatment and its comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gislaine Z Réus
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciuma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil.
| | - Morgana S Abitante
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciuma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Luana M Manosso
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciuma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Airam B de Moura
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciuma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Laura A Borba
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciuma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Maria Eduarda M Botelho
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciuma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Ana Caroline Darabas
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciuma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Julia P Demo
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciuma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - João Paulo Behenck
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciuma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Camila O Arent
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciuma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Leandro Garbossa
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathophysiology, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Larissa Joaquim
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathophysiology, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Taiane A Cardoso
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Fabricia Petronilho
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathophysiology, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - João Quevedo
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciuma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA
- Center of Excellence On Mood Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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7
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Højgaard K, Szöllősi B, Henningsen K, Minami N, Nakanishi N, Kaadt E, Tamura M, Morris RGM, Takeuchi T, Elfving B. Novelty-induced memory consolidation is accompanied by increased Agap3 transcription: a cross-species study. Mol Brain 2023; 16:69. [PMID: 37749596 PMCID: PMC10521532 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-023-01056-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Novelty-induced memory consolidation is a well-established phenomenon that depends on the activation of a locus coeruleus-hippocampal circuit. It is associated with the expression of activity-dependent genes that may mediate initial or cellular memory consolidation. Several genes have been identified to date, however, to fully understand the mechanisms of memory consolidation, additional candidates must be identified. In this cross-species study, we used a contextual novelty-exploration paradigm to identify changes in gene expression in the dorsal hippocampus of both mice and rats. We found that changes in gene expression following contextual novelty varied between the two species, with 9 genes being upregulated in mice and 3 genes in rats. Comparison across species revealed that ArfGAP with a GTPase domain, an ankyrin repeat and PH domain 3 (Agap3) was the only gene being upregulated in both, suggesting a potentially conserved role for Agap3. AGAP3 is known to regulate α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA)-type glutamate receptor trafficking in the synapse, which suggests that increased transcription of Agap3 may be involved in maintaining functional plasticity. While we identified several genes affected by contextual novelty exploration, we were unable to fully reverse these changes using SCH 23390, a dopamine D1/D5 receptor antagonist. Further research on the role of AGAP3 in novelty-induced memory consolidation could lead to better understanding of this process and guide future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristoffer Højgaard
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus N, DK8200, Denmark
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience - DANDRITE, Nordic-EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, DK8000, Denmark
| | - Bianka Szöllősi
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience - DANDRITE, Nordic-EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, DK8000, Denmark
| | - Kim Henningsen
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience - DANDRITE, Nordic-EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, DK8000, Denmark
| | - Natsumi Minami
- Neuroscience Research Unit, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Kanagawa, 227-0033, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Nakanishi
- Data Science Department, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Kanagawa, 227-0033, Japan
| | - Erik Kaadt
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus N, DK8200, Denmark
| | - Makoto Tamura
- Neuroscience Research Unit, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Kanagawa, 227-0033, Japan
- NeuroDiscovery Lab, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Holdings America Inc, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Richard G M Morris
- Laboratory for Cognitive Neuroscience, Edinburgh Neuroscience, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Tomonori Takeuchi
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience - DANDRITE, Nordic-EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, DK8000, Denmark.
- Center for Proteins in Memory - PROMEMO, Department of Biomedicine, Danish National Research Foundation, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, DK8000, Denmark.
- Gftd DeSci, Gftd DAO, Tokyo, 162-0044, Japan.
| | - Betina Elfving
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus N, DK8200, Denmark.
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Budriesi P, Tintorelli R, Correa J, Villar ME, Marchal P, Giurfa M, Viola H. A behavioral tagging account of kinase contribution to memory formation after spaced aversive training. iScience 2023; 26:107278. [PMID: 37520708 PMCID: PMC10372744 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Long-term memory (LTM) can be induced by repeated spaced training trials. Using the weak inhibitory avoidance (wIA) task, we showed that one wIA session does not lead to a 24-h LTM, whereas two identical wIA sessions spaced by 15 min to 6 h induce a 24-h LTM. This LTM promotion depends both on hippocampal protein synthesis and the activity of several kinases. In agreement with the behavioral tagging (BT) hypothesis, our results suggest that the two training sessions induce transient learning tags and lead, via a cooperative effect, to the synthesis of plasticity-related proteins (PRPs) that become available and captured by the tag from the second session. Although ERKs1/2 are needed for PRPs synthesis and CaMKs are required for tag setting, PKA participates in both processes. We conclude that the BT mechanism accounts for the molecular constraints underlying the classic effect of spaced learning on LTM formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Budriesi
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia “Prof. E. De Robertis” (IBCN), Facultad de Medicina, UBA-CONICET, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ramiro Tintorelli
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia “Prof. E. De Robertis” (IBCN), Facultad de Medicina, UBA-CONICET, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Julieta Correa
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia “Prof. E. De Robertis” (IBCN), Facultad de Medicina, UBA-CONICET, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maria Eugenia Villar
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia “Prof. E. De Robertis” (IBCN), Facultad de Medicina, UBA-CONICET, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Biología y Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paul Marchal
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia “Prof. E. De Robertis” (IBCN), Facultad de Medicina, UBA-CONICET, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Poe Lab, Integrative Biology and Physiology department, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Martin Giurfa
- Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale, Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), University of Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Paris, France
| | - Haydee Viola
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia “Prof. E. De Robertis” (IBCN), Facultad de Medicina, UBA-CONICET, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular “Dr. Héctor Maldonado” (FBMC), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, UBA, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto Tecnológico de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Smith S, Hopp SC. The 5XFAD mouse model of Alzheimer's disease displays age-dependent deficits in habituation to a novel environment. AGING BRAIN 2023; 3:100078. [PMID: 37333676 PMCID: PMC10275951 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbas.2023.100078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Habituation is a form of learning characterized by a decrement in responsiveness to a stimulus that is repeated or prolonged. In rodents, habituation to a novel environment is characterized by a decrease in locomotion over time spent in a novel environment. Habituation to a novel environment is dependent on hippocampal function, suggesting that habituation behavior may be a relevant readout for hippocampal-dependent memory deficits that are characteristic of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Current assays that measure hippocampal-dependent memory in preclinical animal models of AD have not accurately predicted the cognitive protection of novel interventions in human trials. Here, we tested whether a behavioral habituation paradigm could detect age-associated changes in a common preclinical mouse model of AD-like amyloid pathology, the 5XFAD mouse. We exposed 5XFAD mice and age-matched wild-type (WT) littermates at 3, 6, and 9 months of age to a novel environment over two sessions separated by 24 h and measured their locomotion. WT mice habituated to the novel environment over time, while 5XFAD mice displayed age-dependent deficits in behavioral habituation. We replicated our results using publicly available open field data from 5XFAD and late-onset AD mouse models with TREM2*R47H and APOE4 mutations. Overall, we present behavioral habituation as a potentially sensitive task to assess age-associated behavioral deficits in 5XFAD mice and other mouse models of AD that could be used to test the preclinical efficacy of novel AD therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Smith
- Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer’s and Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Sarah C. Hopp
- Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer’s and Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX, USA
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10
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Wickline JL, Smith S, Shin R, Odfalk K, Sanchez J, Javors M, Ginsburg B, Hopp SC. L-type calcium channel antagonist isradipine age-dependently decreases plaque associated dystrophic neurites in 5XFAD mouse model. Neuropharmacology 2023; 227:109454. [PMID: 36740015 PMCID: PMC9987839 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies suggest that L-type calcium channel (LTCC) antagonists may reduce the incidence of age-associated neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the neuroprotective mechanism of LTCC antagonists is unknown. Amyloid-β (Aβ) pathology disrupts intracellular calcium signaling, which regulates lysosomes and microglial responses. Neurons near Aβ plaques develop dystrophic neurites, which are abnormal swellings that accumulate lysosomes. Further, microglia accumulate around Aβ plaques and secrete inflammatory cytokines. We hypothesized that antagonism of LTCCs with isradipine would reduce Aβ plaque-associated dystrophic neurites and inflammatory microglia in the 5XFAD mouse model by restoring normal intracellular calcium regulation. To test this hypothesis, we treated 6- and 9-month-old 5XFAD mice with isradipine and tested behavior, examined Aβ plaques, microglia, and dystrophic neurites. We found that isradipine treatment age-dependently reduces dystrophic neurites and leads to trending decreases in Aβ but does not modulate plaque associated microglia regardless of age. Our findings provide insight into how antagonizing LTCCs alters specific cell types in the Aβ plaque environment, providing valuable information for potential treatment targets in future AD studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Wickline
- Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Sabrina Smith
- Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Riley Shin
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Kristian Odfalk
- Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Jesse Sanchez
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Martin Javors
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Brett Ginsburg
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Sarah C Hopp
- Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
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11
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Vieira ADC, Medeiros EB, Zabot GC, Pereira NDS, do Nascimento NB, Lidio AV, Scheffer ÂK, Rempel LCT, Macarini BMN, Costa MDA, Gonçalves CL, Kucharska E, Rodrigues MS, Moreira JCF, de Oliveira J, Budni J. Neuroprotective effects of combined therapy with memantine, donepezil, and vitamin D in ovariectomized female mice subjected to dementia model. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2023; 122:110653. [PMID: 36195205 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2022.110653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Women older than 60 have a higher risk of dementia, aging-related cognitive decline, and Alzheimer's Disease (AD) than the rest of the population. The main reason is hormonal senescence after menopause, a period characterized by a decline in estrogen levels. Since the effectiveness of drugs currently approved for the treatment of AD is limited, it is necessary to seek the development of new therapeutic strategies. Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent in AD patients and individuals with dementia in general. The supplementation of this vitamin in dementia patients might be an interesting approach for increasing the effectiveness of pre-existing medications for dementia treatment. Thus, the present study aims to investigate the effect of vitamin D treatment associated with memantine and donepezil in female mice submitted to ovariectomy (OVX) for five months and subjected to a dementia animal model induced by intracerebroventricular injection of aggregated amyloid βeta (Aβ1-42). For this purpose, Balb/c mice were divided into five experimental groups, which received 17 days of combined therapy with vitamin D, donepezil, and memantine. Then, animals were subjected to behavioral tests. OVX groups exhibited reduced levels of estradiol (E2) in serum, which was not altered by the combined therapy. Higher levels of vitamin D3 were found in the OVX animals submitted to the triple-association treatment. Mice exposed to both OVX and the dementia animal model presented impairment in short and long-term spatial and habituation memories. Also, female mice exposed to Aβ and OVX exhibited a reduction in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) levels, and an increase in tumor necrose factor-α (TNFα) levels in the hippocampus. Besides, increased levels of IL-1β in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex were observed, as well as a significant increase in immunoreactivity for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), an astrocytes marker, in the hippocampus. Notably, triple-association treatment reversed the effects of the exposition of mice to Aβ and OVX in the long-term spatial and habituation memories impairment, as well as reversed changes in TNFα, IL-1β, IL-4, and GFAP immunoreactivity levels in the hippocampus of treated animals. Our results indicate that the therapeutic association of vitamin D, memantine, and donepezil has beneficial effects on memory performance and attenuated the neuroinflammatory response in female mice subjected to OVX associated with a dementia animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Daniela Coutinho Vieira
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Academic Unit of Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Eduarda Behenck Medeiros
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Academic Unit of Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Casagrande Zabot
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Academic Unit of Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Nathalia de Souza Pereira
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Academic Unit of Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Natália Baltazar do Nascimento
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Academic Unit of Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Adrielly Vargas Lidio
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Academic Unit of Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Ândrea Kohlrausch Scheffer
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Academic Unit of Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Lisienny Campoli Tono Rempel
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Academic Unit of Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | | | - Maiara de Aguiar Costa
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Academic Unit of Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Cinara Ludvig Gonçalves
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Academic Unit of Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Ewa Kucharska
- Akademia Ignatianum w Krakowie Wydział Pedagogiczny Instytut Nauk o Wychowaniu, Krakow, Poland
| | - Matheus Scarpatto Rodrigues
- Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - José Cláudio Fonseca Moreira
- Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Jade de Oliveira
- Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Josiane Budni
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Academic Unit of Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil.
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12
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Generoso JS, Thorsdottir S, Collodel A, Dominguini D, Santo RRE, Petronilho F, Barichello T, Iovino F. Dysfunctional Glymphatic System with Disrupted Aquaporin 4 Expression Pattern on Astrocytes Causes Bacterial Product Accumulation in the CSF during Pneumococcal Meningitis. mBio 2022; 13:e0188622. [PMID: 36036510 PMCID: PMC9600563 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01886-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Pneumococcal meningitis, inflammation of the meninges due to an infection of the Central Nervous System caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae (the pneumococcus), is the most common form of community-acquired bacterial meningitis globally. Aquaporin 4 (AQP4) water channels on astrocytic end feet regulate the solute transport of the glymphatic system, facilitating the exchange of compounds between the brain parenchyma and the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which is important for the clearance of waste away from the brain. Wistar rats, subjected to either pneumococcal meningitis or artificial CSF (sham control), received Evans blue-albumin (EBA) intracisternally. Overall, the meningitis group presented a significant impairment of the glymphatic system by retaining the EBA in the CSF compartments compared to the uninfected sham group. Our results clearly showed that during pneumococcal meningitis, the glymphatic system does not function because of a detachment of the astrocytic end feet from the blood-brain barrier (BBB) vascular endothelium, which leads to misplacement of AQP4 with the consequent loss of the AQP4 water channel's functionality. IMPORTANCE The lack of solute drainage due to a dysfunctional glymphatic system leads to an increase of the neurotoxic bacterial material in the CSF compartments of the brain, ultimately leading to brain-wide neuroinflammation and neuronal damage with consequent impairment of neurological functions. The loss of function of the glymphatic system can therefore be a leading cause of the neurological sequelae developing post-bacterial meningitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaqueline S. Generoso
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Sigrun Thorsdottir
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Allan Collodel
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Diogo Dominguini
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Roberta R. E. Santo
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Fabricia Petronilho
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Barichello
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Federico Iovino
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, Stockholm, Sweden
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13
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Prior fear learning enables the rapid assimilation of new fear memories directly into cortical networks. PLoS Biol 2022; 20:e3001789. [PMID: 36178983 PMCID: PMC9555644 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-term memory formation involves the reorganization of brain circuits, termed system consolidation. Whether and how a prior fear experience influences system consolidation of new memories is poorly understood. In rats, we found that prior auditory fear learning allows the secondary auditory cortex to immediately encode new auditory memories, with these new memories purely requiring the activation of cellular mechanisms of synaptic consolidation within secondary auditory cortex. Similar results were obtained in the anterior cingulate cortex for contextual fear memories. Moreover, prior learning enabled connections from these cortices to the basolateral amygdala (BLA) to support recent memory retention. We propose that the reorganization of circuits that characterizes system consolidation occurs only in the first instance that an event is learned, subsequently allowing the immediate assimilation of new analogous events in final storage sites.
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14
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Zhang P, Chen Y, Zhang S, Chen G. Mitochondria-Related Ferroptosis Drives Cognitive Deficits in Neonatal Mice Following Sevoflurane Administration. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:887062. [PMID: 35935755 PMCID: PMC9355652 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.887062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sevoflurane exposure may result in cognitive deficits in neonatal animals. This study attempted to investigate the potential mechanism of sevoflurane-induced neurotoxicity in developing hippocampus. Neonatal animals received sevoflurane anesthesia, then the behavioral tests and Golgi-Cox staining were employed to detect the effect of sevoflurane inhalation in adult mice. And the mitochondrial function was evaluated using MitoSOX staining, Fluo calcium indicators, mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) assay, and JC-1 probe after sevoflurane administration. Meanwhile, mitochondrial lipid hydroperoxide and ferroptosis were measured by MitoPeDPP and Mito-FerroGreen signals following sevoflurane exposure. Moreover, the ferroptosis and behavioral performance were assessed after deferiprone (DFP) treatment. The results showed that sevoflurane administration induced cognitive impairment accompanied by reducing dendritic length, density, and nodes. Additionally, sevoflurane exposure elevated mitochondrial ROS production and cytoplasm calcium levels, triggered the opening of mPTP, and decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). However, supplement of elamipretide (SS-31) effectively reversed mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitochondrial lipid hydroperoxide production was increased after sevoflurane administration, whereas Fer-1 treatment reduced lipid hydroperoxide formation. Sevoflurane exposure induced mitochondrial iron overload, whereas Mito-Tempo treatment reduced iron accumulation. Prussian blue staining showed that the hippocampal iron deposition was apparently increased after sevoflurane inhalation. Additionally, the ferroptosis-related protein expression (including ACSL4, COX2, GPX4, and FTH1) was significantly changed, whereas DFP effectively suppressed ferroptosis and enhanced sevoflurane-induced behavioral malfunction. These findings demonstrated that sevoflurane administration elicited mitochondrial dysfunction and iron dyshomeostasis and eventually resulted in cognitive impairments, whereas protecting mitochondrial function and chelating neurotoxic iron effectively reversed these pathological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piao Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yeru Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - ShuXia Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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15
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Cavalheiro EKFF, da Silva LE, Oliveira MP, Silva MG, Damiani AP, Ribeiro CB, Magenis ML, Cucker L, Michels M, Joaquim L, Machado RS, Vilela TC, Bitencourt RM, Andrade VM, Dal-Pizzol F, Petronilho F, Tuon T, Rezin GT. Effects of obesity on neuroinflammatory and neurochemical parameters in an animal model of reserpine-induced Parkinson's disease. Behav Brain Res 2022; 434:114019. [PMID: 35872330 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2022.114019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is associated with low-grade chronic inflammation and oxidative stress, affecting the brain's reward system by decreasing dopaminergic neurotransmission. It is known that dopaminergic neurotransmission is also reduced in Parkinson's disease (PD), and high adiposity is considered a risk factor for the development of several neurodegenerative diseases, including PD. This study aimed to assess the effects of obesity on neuroinflammatory and neurochemical parameters in an animal model of reserpine-induced PD. The obese group showed increased inflammation and oxidative damage as well as inhibition of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes I and II and DNA damage in the evaluated structures. The PD group did not show inflammation or mitochondrial dysfunction but exhibited oxidative damage in the hippocampus. The combination group (obesity + PD) showed reduced inflammation and oxidative stress and increased activity of complexes I and II of the mitochondrial respiratory chain in most of the analyzed structures. On the other hand, obesity + PD caused oxidative damage to proteins in the liver, prefrontal cortex, striatum, and cerebral cortex and oxidative stress in the hypothalamus, resulting in reduced catalase activity. Furthermore, the combination group showed DNA damage in blood, liver, and cerebral cortex. In conclusion, it was observed that the association of obesity and PD did not increase inflammation, oxidative stress, or mitochondrial dysfunction in most of the evaluated structures but increased oxidative damage and induced mechanisms that led to DNA damage in peripheral tissues and brain structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eulla Keimili Fernandes Ferreira Cavalheiro
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Larissa Espindola da Silva
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Mariana P Oliveira
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Marina G Silva
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Adriani P Damiani
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, UNESC, Avenida Universitária, 1105, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Catharina B Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, UNESC, Avenida Universitária, 1105, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Marina L Magenis
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, UNESC, Avenida Universitária, 1105, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Luana Cucker
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Monique Michels
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Larissa Joaquim
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Richard Simon Machado
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Thais C Vilela
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Rafael M Bitencourt
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Vanessa M Andrade
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, UNESC, Avenida Universitária, 1105, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Felipe Dal-Pizzol
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Fabrícia Petronilho
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Talita Tuon
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Gislaine Tezza Rezin
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
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16
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Magenis ML, Damiani AP, Franca IB, de Marcos PS, Effting PS, Muller AP, de Bem Silveira G, Borges Correa MEA, Medeiros EB, Silveira PCL, Budni J, Boeck CR, de Andrade VM. Behavioral, genetic and biochemical changes in the brain of the offspring of female mice treated with caffeine during pregnancy and lactation. Reprod Toxicol 2022; 112:119-135. [PMID: 35868513 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2022.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The intrauterine environment is a critical location for exposure to exogenous and endogenous factors that trigger metabolic changes through fetal programming. Among the external factors, chemical compounds stand out, which include caffeine, since its consumption is common among women, including during pregnancy. Thereby, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the behavioral, genetic, and biochemical parameters in the offspring of female mice treated with caffeine during pregnancy and lactation. Swiss female mice (60 days old) received tap water or caffeine at 0.3 or 1.0 mg/mL during copulation (7 days), pregnancy (21 days) and lactation (21 days). After the end of the lactation period, the offspring were divided into groups (water, caffeine 0.3 or 1.0 mg/mL) with 20 animals (10 animals aged 30 days and 10 animals aged 60 days per group per sex). Initially, the offspring were submitted to behavioral tasks and then euthanized for genetic and biochemical analysis in the brain (cortex, striatum, and hippocampus). Behavioral changes in memory, depression, and anxiety were observed in the offspring: 30-day-old female offspring at 1.0 mg /mL dose presented anxiogenic behavior and male offspring the 0.3 mg/mL dose at 30 days of age did not alter long-term memory. Furthermore, an increase in DNA damage and oxidative stress in the brain were observed in the offspring of both sexes. Furthermore, there were changes in Ape-1, BAX, and Bcl-2 in the female offspring hippocampus at 30 days of life. Thus, with this study, we can suggest genotoxicity, oxidative stress, and behavioral changes caused by caffeine during pregnancy and lactation in the offspring that were not treated directly, but received through their mothers; thus, it is important to raise awareness regarding caffeine consumption among pregnant and lactating females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Lummertz Magenis
- Laboratory of Translational Biomedicine, Graduate Program of Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina - UNESC, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Adriani Paganini Damiani
- Laboratory of Translational Biomedicine, Graduate Program of Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina - UNESC, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Ive Bahia Franca
- Laboratory of Translational Biomedicine, Graduate Program of Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina - UNESC, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Pamela Souza de Marcos
- Laboratory of Translational Biomedicine, Graduate Program of Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina - UNESC, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Pauline Souza Effting
- Laboratory of Translational Biomedicine, Graduate Program of Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina - UNESC, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Pastoris Muller
- Laboratory of Translational Biomedicine, Graduate Program of Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina - UNESC, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Gustavo de Bem Silveira
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program of Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina - UNESC, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Maria Eduarda Anastácio Borges Correa
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program of Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina - UNESC, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Eduarda Behenck Medeiros
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program of Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina - UNESC, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Paulo Cesar Lock Silveira
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program of Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina - UNESC, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Josiane Budni
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program of Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina - UNESC, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Carina Rodrigues Boeck
- Graduate Program in Nanosciences, Franciscan University Center - UNIFRA, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Moraes de Andrade
- Laboratory of Translational Biomedicine, Graduate Program of Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina - UNESC, Criciúma, SC, Brazil.
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17
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Córneo E, Michels M, Abatti M, Vieira A, Gonçalves RC, Gabriel FF, Borges H, Goulart A, da Silva Matos N, Dominguini D, Varela R, Valvassori S, Dal-Pizzol F. Enriched environment causes epigenetic changes in hippocampus and improves long-term cognitive function in sepsis. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11529. [PMID: 35798809 PMCID: PMC9262921 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14660-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is defined as a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by an inappropriate host response to infection. The presence of oxidative stress and inflammatory mediators in sepsis leads to dysregulated gene expression, leading to a hyperinflammatory response. Environmental conditions play an important role in various pathologies depending on the stimulus it presents. A standard environment condition (SE) may offer reduced sensory and cognitive stimulation, but an enriched environment improves spatial learning, prevents cognitive deficits induced by disease stress, and is an important modulator of epigenetic enzymes. The study evaluated the epigenetic alterations and the effects of the environmental enrichment (EE) protocol in the brain of animals submitted to sepsis by cecal ligation and perforation (CLP). Male Wistar rats were divided into sham and CLP at 24 h, 72 h, 10 days and 30 days after sepsis. Other male Wistar rats were distributed in a SE or in EE for forty-five days. Behavioral tests, analysis of epigenetic enzymes:histone acetylase (HAT), histone deacetylase (HDAC) and DNA methyltransferase (DNMT), biochemical and synaptic plasticity analyzes were performed. An increase in HDAC and DNMT activities was observed at 72 h, 10 days and 30 days. There was a positive correlation between epigenetic enzymes DNMT and HDAC 24 h, 10 days and 30 days. After EE, HDAC and DNMT enzyme activity decreased, cognitive impairment was reversed, IL1-β levels decreased and there was an increase in PSD-95 levels in the hippocampus. Interventions in environmental conditions can modulate the outcomes of long-term cognitive consequences associated with sepsis, supporting the idea of the potential benefits of EE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Córneo
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Av. Universitária, 1105, Criciúma, SC, 88806000, Brazil.
| | - Monique Michels
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Av. Universitária, 1105, Criciúma, SC, 88806000, Brazil
| | - Mariane Abatti
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Av. Universitária, 1105, Criciúma, SC, 88806000, Brazil
| | - Andriele Vieira
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Av. Universitária, 1105, Criciúma, SC, 88806000, Brazil
| | - Renata Casagrande Gonçalves
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Av. Universitária, 1105, Criciúma, SC, 88806000, Brazil
| | - Filipe Fernandes Gabriel
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Av. Universitária, 1105, Criciúma, SC, 88806000, Brazil
| | - Heloisa Borges
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Av. Universitária, 1105, Criciúma, SC, 88806000, Brazil
| | - Amanda Goulart
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Av. Universitária, 1105, Criciúma, SC, 88806000, Brazil
| | - Natan da Silva Matos
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Av. Universitária, 1105, Criciúma, SC, 88806000, Brazil
| | - Diogo Dominguini
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Av. Universitária, 1105, Criciúma, SC, 88806000, Brazil
| | - Roger Varela
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Samira Valvassori
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Felipe Dal-Pizzol
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Av. Universitária, 1105, Criciúma, SC, 88806000, Brazil
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18
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Garcez ML, Bellettini-Santos T, Schiavo GL, Calixto KV, Mina F, Medeiros EB, Zabot GC, de Souza Pereira N, Nascimento NB, Tomaz DB, Manenti MC, Kucharska E, Rico EP, Budni J. Long-term administration of soft drink causes memory impairment and oxidative damage in adult and middle-aged rats. Exp Gerontol 2022; 166:111873. [PMID: 35760268 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2022.111873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The consumption of soft drinks has increased considerably in recent decades, mainly cola soft drinks. Excessive consumption of cola-based soft drinks is associated with several diseases and cognitive decline, particularly memory impairment. Furthermore, diets with high sugar can promote insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and dyslipidemia. AIM Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of cola soft drink intake on behavioral alterations and oxidative damage in 2-, 8- and 14- month-old male Wistar rats. METHODS The soft drink groups drank soft drink and/or water ad libitum during 67 days, the control groups ingested only water. Radial-arm maze and Y-maze were used to evaluate spatial memory, open-field to evaluate the habituation memory, and inhibitory avoidance to evaluate aversive memory. The behavioral tests started at the day 57 and finished at day 67 of treatment. At 68th day, the rats were killed; frontal cortex and hippocampus were dissected to the analysis of antioxidants enzymes catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD); and the oxidative markers thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs) and dichloro-dihydro-fluorescein diacetate (DCFH) were measured in the hippocampus. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The cola-based soft drink intake caused memory impairment in the radial-arm maze, Y-maze task, and open-field in the 2- and 8-month-old rat, but not in the 14-month-old. There were no difference among groups in the inhibitory avoidance test. In the frontal cortex, soft drink intake reduced CAT activity in the 8-month-old rats and SOD activity in the 8- and 14-month-old rats. In the hippocampus, the soft drink increased CAT activity in 8-month-old rats, increased DCFH levels at all ages, and increased TBARs levels in 2-month-rats. Therefore, the results show that long-term soft drink intake leads to memory impairment and oxidative stress. The younger seems to be more susceptible to the soft drink alterations on behavior; however, soft drink caused alterations in the oxidative system at all ages evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Lima Garcez
- Laboratory of Translational Neuroscience, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Graduate Program of Research and Extension (CEPEG), University Center of Espirito Santo, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Tatiani Bellettini-Santos
- Graduate Program of Research and Extension (CEPEG), University Center of Espirito Santo, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Luis Schiavo
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Karen Vasconcelos Calixto
- Graduate Program of Research and Extension (CEPEG), University Center of Espirito Santo, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Francielle Mina
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Eduarda Behenck Medeiros
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Casagrande Zabot
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Nathalia de Souza Pereira
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Natália Baltazar Nascimento
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Débora Borges Tomaz
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Maria Cecília Manenti
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Ewa Kucharska
- Jesuit University Ignatianum in Krakow, Faculty of Education, Institute of Educational Science, Poland
| | - Eduardo Pacheco Rico
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Josiane Budni
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
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19
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Moreira AP, Vizuete AFK, Zin LEF, de Marques CO, Pacheco RF, Leal MB, Gonçalves CA. The Methylglyoxal/RAGE/NOX-2 Pathway is Persistently Activated in the Hippocampus of Rats with STZ-Induced Sporadic Alzheimer's Disease. Neurotox Res 2022; 40:395-409. [PMID: 35106732 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-022-00476-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia in humans, with a high social and economic cost. AD is predominantly a sporadic disease, and the intracerebroventricular (ICV) administration of streptozotocin (STZ) has been widely used as an AD-like model of dementia. While the etiology of AD remains unknown, changes such as glucose metabolism and activation of receptors for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) seem to underlie its pathogenesis. We hypothesized that methylglyoxal, an endogenous toxin derived from the glycolytic pathway, could be the precursor of advanced glycated end products that activates RAGE and that, consequently, may activate membrane NADPH oxidase (NOX), contributing to the inflammatory status of the model and the disease. We administered ICV-STZ to Wistar rats and evaluated several neurochemical parameters in the hippocampus, particularly glyoxalase 1 (GLO-1) activity, which serves as an index of high levels of methylglyoxal, and the contents of RAGE and NOX-2, the most abundant brain NOX isoform. At the times evaluated (4 and 24 weeks after STZ), we observed cognitive deficit, increased beta-amyloid content, and increased tau phosphorylation. A persistent increase in GLO-1 activity was found, as well as increases in RAGE and NOX-2 contents, suggesting astroglial and microglial commitment. The increase in NOX-2 may reflect elevated microglial activity (confirmed by IBA-1 marker), which may contribute to the synaptic dysfunction and pruning described in the literature, both in this model and AD patients. Furthermore, reinforcing this possibility, we found a reduction in cholinergic communication in the hippocampus (as shown by decreased choline acetyltransferase), a reduction in BDNF, and an increase in TGF-β, the combination of which may result in synaptic deterioration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Moreira
- Laboratory of Calcium-Binding Proteins in the Central Nervous System, Postgraduate Program in Biochemistry, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, Lab33, Porto Alegre, 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Adriana Fernanda K Vizuete
- Laboratory of Calcium-Binding Proteins in the Central Nervous System, Postgraduate Program in Biochemistry, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, Lab33, Porto Alegre, 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Lisandra Eda Fusinato Zin
- Laboratory of Calcium-Binding Proteins in the Central Nervous System, Postgraduate Program in Biochemistry, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, Lab33, Porto Alegre, 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Charlanne Oliveira de Marques
- Laboratory of Calcium-Binding Proteins in the Central Nervous System, Postgraduate Program in Biochemistry, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, Lab33, Porto Alegre, 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Ferreira Pacheco
- Laboratory of Calcium-Binding Proteins in the Central Nervous System, Postgraduate Program in Biochemistry, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, Lab33, Porto Alegre, 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Miriara B Leal
- Laboratory of Calcium-Binding Proteins in the Central Nervous System, Postgraduate Program in Biochemistry, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, Lab33, Porto Alegre, 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Carlos-Alberto Gonçalves
- Laboratory of Calcium-Binding Proteins in the Central Nervous System, Postgraduate Program in Biochemistry, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, Lab33, Porto Alegre, 90035-003, Brazil.
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20
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Buján GE, D'Alessio L, Serra HA, Molina SJ, Guelman LR. Behavioral alterations induced by intermittent ethanol intake and noise exposure in adolescent rats. Eur J Neurosci 2022; 55:1756-1773. [PMID: 35342999 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol intake and exposure to noise are common activities of human adolescents performed in entertainment contexts worldwide that can induce behavioral disturbances. Therefore, the aim of the present work was to investigate in an experimental model of adolescent animals whether noise exposure and intermittent ethanol intake, when present individually or sequentially, might be able to modify different behaviors. Adolescent Wistar rats of both sexes were subjected to voluntary intermittent ethanol intake for 1 week followed by exposure to noise for 2 h and tested in a battery of behavioral tasks. Data show that males exposed to noise experienced a deficit in associative memory (AM), increase in anxiety-like behaviors (ALB) and altered reaction to novelty (RN) when compared with sham animals, whereas females also showed an increase in risk assessment behaviors (RAB) and a decrease in exploratory activity (EA). In contrast, ethanol intake induced an increase in RAB and RN in males and females, whereas females also showed a deficit in AM and EA as well as an increase in ALB. When ethanol was ingested before noise exposure, most parameters were counteracted both in male and females, but differed among sexes. In consequence, it could be hypothesized that an environmental acute stressor like noise might trigger a behavioral counteracting induced by a previous repeated exposure to a chemical agent such as ethanol, leading to a compensation of a non-adaptive behavior and reaching a better adjustment to the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Ezequiel Buján
- Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. 1ª Cátedra de Farmacología, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Luciana D'Alessio
- Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. 1ª Cátedra de Farmacología, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Universidad de Buenos Aires. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencias (IBCN, UBA-CONICET). Facultad de Medicina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Héctor Alejandro Serra
- Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. 1ª Cátedra de Farmacología, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sonia Jazmín Molina
- Universidad de Buenos Aires. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFyBO, UBA-CONICET). Facultad de Medicina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Laura Ruth Guelman
- Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. 1ª Cátedra de Farmacología, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Universidad de Buenos Aires. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFyBO, UBA-CONICET). Facultad de Medicina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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21
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Pusceddu MM, Hernandez-Baixauli J, Puiggrós F, Arola L, Caimari A, Del Bas JM, Baselga L. Mediterranean natural extracts improved cognitive behavior in zebrafish and healthy rats and ameliorated lps-induced cognitive impairment in a sex dependent manner. Behav Brain Funct 2022; 18:5. [PMID: 35216588 PMCID: PMC8876132 DOI: 10.1186/s12993-022-00190-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several findings suggest neuroinflammation as a contributing factor for the onset of psychiatric disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, depression, and anxiety. There is increasing evidence pointing out that the Mediterranean diet influences brain and behavior. Mediterranean herbs and spices have been shown to be within those components of the Mediterranean diet involved in cognitive enhancement. Thus, we investigated the influence of Mediterranean natural extracts (MNE), Rosemary extract (RE) and Glycyrrhiza glabra root extract (GGRE), on cognitive behavior. RESULTS Adult zebrafish were exposed to RE or GGRE (100 and 250 mg/L) treatments. Both MNE improved memory retention during the T-maze test, although no improvements were observed during the novel object preference. Similarly, chronic administration of RE (150 mg/Kg) and GGRE (150 mg/Kg) improved, respectively, spatial and retention memory, as assessed by the Morris Water Maze (MWM), and the Elevated Plus Maze (EPM) in healthy male rats. However, no improvements were observed during the novel object recognition. Finally, male, and female rats were chronically treated with lipopolysaccharide [(LPS) 300 ug/kg] and orally administered with RE. Interestingly, RE reversed LPS-induced cognitive deficit during the MWM and EPM in female rats. CONCLUSIONS We found that MNE improved cognition in both zebrafish and rats. Moreover, MNE rescued LPS-induced cognitive impairment in a gender-specific manner. Therefore, our study supports the view that zebrafish represent a valuable preclinical model for drug discovery in neuroscience. These findings contribute to an exciting and growing body of research suggesting that MNE may play an important role in the prevention of cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo M Pusceddu
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició I Salut, Reus, Spain.
| | | | - Francesc Puiggrós
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició I Salut, Reus, Spain
| | - Lluis Arola
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició I Salut, Reus, Spain.,Departament de Bioquímica I Biotecnologia, Grup de Recerca en Nutrigenòmica, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Antoni Caimari
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició I Salut, Reus, Spain.
| | - Josep M Del Bas
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició I Salut, Reus, Spain.
| | - Laura Baselga
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició I Salut, Reus, Spain
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22
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Molina SJ, Lietti ÁE, Carreira Caro CS, Buján GE, Guelman LR. Effects of early noise exposure on hippocampal-dependent behaviors during adolescence in male rats: influence of different housing conditions. Anim Cogn 2021; 25:103-120. [PMID: 34322771 DOI: 10.1007/s10071-021-01540-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) development is a very complex process that can be altered by environmental stimuli such as noise, which can generate long-term auditory and/or extra-auditory impairments. We have previously reported that early noise exposure can induce hippocampus-related behavioral alterations in postnatal day (PND) 28 adolescent rats. Furthermore, we recently found biochemical modifications in the hippocampus (HC) of these animals that seemed to endure even in more mature animals (i.e. PND35) and that have not been studied along with behavioral correlates. Thus, the aim of this work was to reveal novel data about the effects of early noise exposure on hippocampal-dependent behaviors in more mature animals. Additionally, extended enriched environment (EE) housing was evaluated to determine its capacity to induce behavioral modifications, either by its neuroprotective ability or the greater stimulation that it generates. Male Wistar rats were exposed to different noise schemes at PND7 or PND15. Upon weaning, some animals were transferred to EE whereas others were kept in standard cages. At PND35, different hippocampal-dependent behavioral assessments were performed. Results showed noise-induced behavioral changes that differed according to the scheme and age of exposure used. In addition, housing in an EE was effective either in preventing some of these changes or in inducing the appearance of new behavioral modifications. These findings suggest that CNS development would be sensitive to the effects of different type of environmental stimuli such as noise or enriched housing, leading to maladaptive behavioral changes that last even until adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Jazmín Molina
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFyBO, UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Paraguay 2155, Piso 15, 1121, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Ángel Emanuel Lietti
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFyBO, UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Paraguay 2155, Piso 15, 1121, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Candela Sofía Carreira Caro
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFyBO, UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Paraguay 2155, Piso 15, 1121, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gustavo Ezequiel Buján
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, 1ª Cátedra de Farmacología, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Laura Ruth Guelman
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFyBO, UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Paraguay 2155, Piso 15, 1121, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, 1ª Cátedra de Farmacología, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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23
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Dominguini D, Steckert AV, Abatti MR, Generoso JS, Barichello T, Dal-Pizzol F. The Protective Effect of PK-11195 on Cognitive Impairment in Rats Survived of Polymicrobial Sepsis. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:2724-2733. [PMID: 33495933 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02294-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis is an organ dysfunction caused by a host's unregulated response to infection, causing long-term brain dysfunction with microglial activation, the release of inflammatory components, and mitochondrial changes. Neuroinflammation can increase the expression of the 18-kD translocator protein (TSPO) in the mitochondria, leading to the activation of the microglia and the release of inflammatory components. The antagonist PK-11195 can modulate TSPO and reduce microglial activation and cognitive damage presented in an animal model of sepsis. The aim of this was to evaluate the effects of PK-11195 on long-term brain inflammation and cognitive impairment in an animal model of sepsis. Wistar rats, 60 days old, were submitted to cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) surgery, divided into groups control/saline, control/PK-11195, sepsis/saline, and sepsis/PK-11195. Immediately after surgery, the antagonist PK-11195 was administered at a dose of 3 mg/kg. Ten days after CLP surgery, the animals were submitted to behavioral tests and determination of brain inflammatory parameters. The sepsis/saline group presented cognitive damage. However, there was damage prevention in animals that received PK-11195. Besides, the sepsis increased the levels of cytokines and M1 microglia markers and caused oxidative damage. However, PK-11195 had the potential to decrease inflammation. These events show that the modulation of neuroinflammation during sepsis by PK-11195, possibly related to changes in TSPO, improves mitochondrial function in the animals' brains. In conclusion, the antagonist PK-11195 attenuated brain inflammation and prevented cognitive impairment in animals subjected to sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diogo Dominguini
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil.
| | - Amanda V Steckert
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Mariane R Abatti
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline S Generoso
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Barichello
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Felipe Dal-Pizzol
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
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24
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Garcez ML, Mina F, Bellettini-Santos T, Ribeiro FM, Ghisi Frassetto AZ, Batista-Silva H, da Luz AP, Schiavo GL, Medeiros EB, Zabot GC, Canever L, Zugno AI, Budni J. Folic Acid Supplementation in the Gestational Phase of Female Rats Improves Age-Related Memory Impairment and Neuroinflammation in Their Adult and Aged Offspring. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021; 76:991-995. [PMID: 33249457 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glaa298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Folic acid (FA) supplementation is important during pregnancy to avoid malformations in the offspring. However, it is unknown if it can affect the offspring throughout their lives. To evaluate the offspring, female mother rats (dams) were separated into 5 groups: Four groups received the AIN-93 diet, divided into control and FA (5, 10, and 50 mg/kg), and an additional group received a FA-deficient diet, and the diet was performed during pregnancy and lactation. We evaluated the female offspring of these dams (at 2 and 18 months old). The aged offspring fed with FA-deficient diet presented habituation, spatial and aversive memory impairment and the FA maternal supplementation prevented this. The natural aging caused an increase in the TNF-α and IL-1β levels in the hippocampus from 18-month-old offspring. FA maternal supplementation was able to prevent the increase of these cytokines. IL-4 levels decreased in the prefrontal cortex from aged control rats and FA prevented it. FA deficiency decreased the levels of IL-4 in the hippocampus of the young offspring. In addition, natural aging and FA deficiency decreased brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels in the hippocampus and nerve growth factor levels in the prefrontal cortex and FA supplementation prevented it. Thus, the present study shows for the first time the effect of FA maternal supplementation on memory, cytokines, and neurotrophins in the aged offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Lima Garcez
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Francielle Mina
- Experimental Neurology Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Tatiani Bellettini-Santos
- Experimental Neurology Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Melo Ribeiro
- Experimental Neurology Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Brazil
| | | | - Hemily Batista-Silva
- Experimental Neurology Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Aline Pereira da Luz
- Experimental Neurology Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Luiz Schiavo
- Experimental Neurology Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Eduarda Behenck Medeiros
- Experimental Neurology Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Casagrande Zabot
- Experimental Neurology Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Lara Canever
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Alexandra Ioppi Zugno
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Josiane Budni
- Experimental Neurology Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Brazil
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Improved Spatial Memory And Neuroinflammatory Profile Changes in Aged Rats Submitted to Photobiomodulation Therapy. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2021; 42:1875-1886. [PMID: 33704604 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-021-01069-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Recent evidences have shown the therapeutic potential of transcranial photobiomodulation on traumatic brain injury and Alzheimer's disease. Despite the promising benefits in the brain, little is known about the laser's effects in the absence of pathological conditions. We submitted young (4 months old) and aged (20 months old) rats to transcranial low-level laser and evaluated their exploratory activity and habituation in open field, anxiety in elevated plus maze, spatial memory in Barnes maze, and aversive memory in a step-down inhibitory avoidance task. Additionally, the levels of a panel of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines were quantified in two different brain regions: the cerebral cortex and the hippocampus. Young and aged rats submitted to transcranial laser exhibited better cognitive performance in Barnes maze than did control rats. Transcranial laser therapy decreased cortical levels of GM-CSF, IL-10, MCP-1, LIX, and TNFα in young rats and IL-5 in aged rats. High levels of IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-alpha were found in the cerebral cortex of aged rats submitted to transcranial laser. In the hippocampus, a decrease in IP-10 and fractalkine levels was observed in the aged rats from the laser group when compared to the aged rats from the control group. Our data indicate that transcranial photobiomodulation improves spatial learning and memory and alters the neuroinflammatory profile of young and aged rats' brains.
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Garcez ML, Cassoma RCS, Mina F, Bellettini-Santos T, da Luz AP, Schiavo GL, Medeiros EB, Campos ACBF, da Silva S, Rempel LCT, Steckert AV, Barichello T, Budni J. Folic acid prevents habituation memory impairment and oxidative stress in an aging model induced by D-galactose. Metab Brain Dis 2021; 36:213-224. [PMID: 33219893 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-020-00647-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of folic acid treatment in an animal model of aging induced by D-galactose (D-gal). For this propose, adult male Wistar rats received D-gal intraperitoneally (100 mg/kg) and/or folic acid orally (5 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg or 50 mg/kg) for 8 weeks. D-gal caused habituation memory impairment, and folic acid (10 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg) reversed this effect. However, folic acid 50 mg/kg per se caused habituation memory impairment. D-gal increased the lipid peroxidation and oxidative damage to proteins in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus from rats. Folic acid (5 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg, or 50 mg/kg) partially reversed the oxidative damage to lipids in the hippocampus, but not in the prefrontal cortex, and reversed protein oxidative damage in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. D-gal induced synaptophysin and BCL-2 decrease in the hippocampus and phosphorylated tau increase in the prefrontal cortex. Folic acid was able to reverse these D-gal-related alterations in the protein content. The present study shows folic acid supplementation as an alternative during the aging to prevent cognitive impairment and brain alterations that can cause neurodegenerative diseases. However, additional studies are necessary to elucidate the effect of folic acid in aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Lima Garcez
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Chiengo Sapalo Cassoma
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Francielle Mina
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Tatiani Bellettini-Santos
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Aline Pereira da Luz
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Luis Schiavo
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Eduarda Behenck Medeiros
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Brunatto Falchetti Campos
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Sabrina da Silva
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Lisienny Campoli Tono Rempel
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Amanda Valnier Steckert
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Barichello
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
- Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Josiane Budni
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil.
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Crocins, the Bioactive Components of Crocus sativus L., Counteract the Disrupting Effects of Anesthetic Ketamine on Memory in Rats. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26030528. [PMID: 33498440 PMCID: PMC7864164 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26030528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Consistent experimental evidence suggests that anesthetic doses of the non-competitive N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist ketamine cause severe memory impairments in rodents. Crocins are among the various bioactive ingredients of the plant Crocus sativus L., and their implication in memory is well-documented. It has not yet been elucidated if crocins are able to attenuate the memory deficits produced by anesthetic ketamine. The present study was undertaken aiming to clarify this issue in the rat. For this aim, the object recognition, the object location and the habituation tests, reflecting non-spatial recognition memory, spatial recognition memory and associative memory, respectively, were utilized. A post-training challenge with crocins (15–30 mg/kg, intraperitoneally (i.p.), acutely) counteracted anesthetic ketamine (100 mg/kg, i.p.)-induced performance impairments in all the above-mentioned behavioral memory paradigms. The current findings suggest that crocins modulate anesthetic ketamine’s amnestic effects.
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Giridharan VV, Generoso JS, Collodel A, Dominguini D, Faller CJ, Tardin F, Bhatti GS, Petronilho F, Dal-Pizzol F, Barichello T. Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products (RAGE) Mediates Cognitive Impairment Triggered by Pneumococcal Meningitis. Neurotherapeutics 2021; 18:640-653. [PMID: 32886341 PMCID: PMC8116405 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-020-00917-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pneumococcal meningitis is a life-threatening infection of the central nervous system (CNS), and half of the survivors of meningitis suffer from neurological sequelae. We hypothesized that pneumococcal meningitis causes CNS inflammation via the disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and by increasing the receptor for advanced glycation end product (RAGE) expression in the brain, which causes glial cell activation, leading to cognitive impairment. To test our hypothesis, 60-day-old Wistar rats were subjected to meningitis by receiving an intracisternal injection of Streptococcus pneumoniae or artificial cerebrospinal fluid as a control group and were treated with a RAGE-specific inhibitor (FPS-ZM1) in saline. The rats also received ceftriaxone 100 mg/kg intraperitoneally, bid, and fluid replacements. Experimental pneumococcal meningitis triggered BBB disruption after meningitis induction, and FPS-ZM1 treatment significantly suppressed BBB disruption. Ten days after meningitis induction, surviving animals were free from infection, but they presented increased levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in the prefrontal cortex (PFC); high expression levels of RAGE, amyloid-β (Aβ1-42), and microglial cell activation in the PFC and hippocampus; and memory impairment, as evaluated by the open-field, novel object recognition task and Morris water maze behavioral tasks. Targeted RAGE inhibition was able to reduce cytokine levels, decrease the expression of RAGE and Aβ1-42, inhibit microglial cell activation, and improve cognitive deficits in meningitis survivor rats. The sequence of events generated by pneumococcal meningitis can persist long after recovery, triggering neurocognitive decline; however, RAGE blocker attenuated the development of brain inflammation and cognitive impairment in experimental meningitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijayasree V Giridharan
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 1941 East Road, Houston, TX, 77054, USA
| | - Jaqueline S Generoso
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, 88806-000, SC, Brazil
| | - Allan Collodel
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, 88806-000, SC, Brazil
| | - Diogo Dominguini
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, 88806-000, SC, Brazil
| | - Cristiano Julio Faller
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, 88806-000, SC, Brazil
| | - Flavio Tardin
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, 88806-000, SC, Brazil
| | - Gursimrat S Bhatti
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 1941 East Road, Houston, TX, 77054, USA
| | - Fabricia Petronilho
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, 88704-900, SC, Brazil
| | - Felipe Dal-Pizzol
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, 88806-000, SC, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Barichello
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 1941 East Road, Houston, TX, 77054, USA.
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, 88806-000, SC, Brazil.
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Wait J, Burns C, Jones T, Harper Z, Allen E, Langley‐Evans SC, Voigt J. Early postnatal exposure to a cafeteria diet interferes with recency and spatial memory, but not open field habituation in adolescent rats. Dev Psychobiol 2020; 63:572-581. [DOI: 10.1002/dev.22063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Janina Wait
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science University of Nottingham Loughborough UK
| | - Catherine Burns
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science University of Nottingham Loughborough UK
| | - Taylor Jones
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science University of Nottingham Loughborough UK
| | - Zoe Harper
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science University of Nottingham Loughborough UK
| | - Emily Allen
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science University of Nottingham Loughborough UK
| | | | - Jörg‐Peter Voigt
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science University of Nottingham Loughborough UK
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30
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Reverchon F, de Concini V, Larrigaldie V, Benmerzoug S, Briault S, Togbé D, Ryffel B, Quesniaux VFJ, Menuet A. Hippocampal interleukin-33 mediates neuroinflammation-induced cognitive impairments. J Neuroinflammation 2020; 17:268. [PMID: 32917228 PMCID: PMC7488545 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-020-01939-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Interleukin (IL)-33 is expressed in a healthy brain and plays a pivotal role in several neuropathologies, as protective or contributing to the development of cerebral diseases associated with cognitive impairments. However, the role of IL-33 in the brain is poorly understood, raising the question of its involvement in immunoregulatory mechanisms. Methods We administered recombinant IL-33 (rmIL-33) by intra-hippocampal injection to C57BL/6 J (WT) and IL-1αβ deficient mice. Chronic minocycline administration was performed and cognitive functions were examined trough spatial habituation test. Hippocampal inflammatory responses were investigated by RT-qPCR. The microglia activation was assessed using immunohistological staining and fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). Results We showed that IL-33 administration in mice led to a spatial memory performance defect associated with an increase of inflammatory markers in the hippocampus while minocycline administration limited the inflammatory response. Quantitative assessment of glial cell activation in situ demonstrated an increase of proximal intersections per radius in each part of the hippocampus. Moreover, rmIL-33 significantly promoted the outgrowth of microglial processes. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis on isolated microglia, revealed overexpression of IL-1β, 48 h post-rmIL-33 administration. This microglial reactivity was closely related to the onset of cognitive disturbance. Finally, we demonstrated that IL-1αβ deficient mice were resistant to cognitive disorders after intra-hippocampal IL-33 injection. Conclusion Thus, hippocampal IL-33 induced an inflammatory state, including IL-1β overexpression by microglia cells, being causative of the cognitive impairment. These results highlight the pathological role for IL-33 in the central nervous system, independently of a specific neuropathological model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flora Reverchon
- UMR7355, Experimental and Molecular Immunology and Neurogenetics, CNRS and University of Orléans, 3B rue de la Ferollerie, 45071, Orléans, France.,Current address: Center for Molecular Biophysics, CNRS UPR4301, 45071, Orléans, France
| | - Vidian de Concini
- UMR7355, Experimental and Molecular Immunology and Neurogenetics, CNRS and University of Orléans, 3B rue de la Ferollerie, 45071, Orléans, France
| | - Vanessa Larrigaldie
- UMR7355, Experimental and Molecular Immunology and Neurogenetics, CNRS and University of Orléans, 3B rue de la Ferollerie, 45071, Orléans, France
| | - Sulayman Benmerzoug
- UMR7355, Experimental and Molecular Immunology and Neurogenetics, CNRS and University of Orléans, 3B rue de la Ferollerie, 45071, Orléans, France.,Current address:Department of Urology, Urology Research Unit, CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sylvain Briault
- UMR7355, Experimental and Molecular Immunology and Neurogenetics, CNRS and University of Orléans, 3B rue de la Ferollerie, 45071, Orléans, France.,Department of Genetics, Regional Hospital, Orléans, France
| | | | - Bernhard Ryffel
- UMR7355, Experimental and Molecular Immunology and Neurogenetics, CNRS and University of Orléans, 3B rue de la Ferollerie, 45071, Orléans, France
| | - Valérie F J Quesniaux
- UMR7355, Experimental and Molecular Immunology and Neurogenetics, CNRS and University of Orléans, 3B rue de la Ferollerie, 45071, Orléans, France
| | - Arnaud Menuet
- UMR7355, Experimental and Molecular Immunology and Neurogenetics, CNRS and University of Orléans, 3B rue de la Ferollerie, 45071, Orléans, France.
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31
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Zhang S, You L, Xu Q, Ou J, Wu D, Yuan X, Liu Z, Hong Q, Tong M, Yang L, Chi X. Distinct long non-coding RNA and mRNA expression profiles in the hippocampus of an attention deficit hyperactivity disorder model in spontaneously hypertensive rats and control wistar Kyoto rats. Brain Res Bull 2020; 161:177-196. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2020.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Wang H, Jiang N, Lv J, Huang H, Liu X. Ginsenoside Rd reverses cognitive deficits by modulating BDNF-dependent CREB pathway in chronic restraint stress mice. Life Sci 2020; 258:118107. [PMID: 32682919 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive impairment has been widely recognized as a common symptom of chronic stress. Ginsenoside Rd (GRd), the major active compound in Panax ginseng, was previously reported in various neurological researches. However, little research is available regarding on the effect of GRd on cognitive improvement in mice subjected to chronic stress. In the present study, we investigated the neuroprotective effects of GRd in chronic restraint stress (CRS)-induced cognitive deficits and explored the potential mechanism in male C57BL/6J mice. Our results demonstrated that oral administration of GRd for 28 days markedly increased the spontaneous alternation in Y-maze and the relative discrimination index in novel object or location recognition tests following CRS. Additionally, GRd treatment considerably increased the antioxidant enzymes activities in the hippocampus. The expression levels of hippocampus and serum inflammation factors in the CRS groups were also counter-regulated by GRd treatment. Meanwhile, GRd treatment could reverse CRS-induced the decrease in phosphorylated phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), camp-reflecting element binding protein (CREB), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and tyrosine kinase B (TrkB) expression in the hippocampus. These findings provided evidences that GRd improves cognitive impairment in CRS mice by mitigating oxidative stress and inflammation, while upregulating the hippocampal BDNF-mediated CREB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixia Wang
- Research Center of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ning Jiang
- Research Center of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jingwei Lv
- Research Center of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hong Huang
- Research Center of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xinmin Liu
- Research Center of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
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Jesus AA, Passaglia P, Santos BM, Rodrigues-Santos I, Flores RA, Batalhão ME, Stabile AM, Cárnio EC. Chronic molecular hydrogen inhalation mitigates short and long-term memory loss in polymicrobial sepsis. Brain Res 2020; 1739:146857. [PMID: 32348775 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2020.146857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The central nervous system (CNS) is one of the first physiological systems to be affected in sepsis. During the exacerbated systemic inflammatory response at the early stage of sepsis, circulatory inflammatory mediators are able to reach the CNS leading to neuroinflammation and, consequently, long-term impairment in learning and memory formation is observed. The acute treatment with molecular hydrogen (H2) exerts important antioxidative, antiapoptotic, and anti-inflammatory effects in sepsis, but little is known about the mechanism itself and the efficacy of chronic H2 inhalation in sepsis treatment. Thus, we tested two hypotheses. We first hypothesized that chronic H2 inhalation is also an effective therapy to treat memory impairment induced by sepsis. The second hypothesis is that H2 treatment decreases sepsis-induced neuroinflammation in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex, important areas related to short and long-term memory processing. Our results indicate that (1) chronic exposure of hydrogen gas is a simple, safe and promising therapeutic strategy to prevent memory loss in patients with sepsis and (2) acute H2 inhalation decreases neuroinflammation in memory-related areas and increases total nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a transcription factorthat regulates a vast group of antioxidant and inflammatory agents expression in these areas of septic animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline A Jesus
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Passaglia
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Bruna M Santos
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Isabelle Rodrigues-Santos
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Rafael A Flores
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Marcelo E Batalhão
- Department of General and Specialized Nursing, School of Nursing of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14049-900 Brazil
| | - Angelita M Stabile
- Department of General and Specialized Nursing, School of Nursing of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14049-900 Brazil
| | - Evelin C Cárnio
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14049-900, Brazil; Department of General and Specialized Nursing, School of Nursing of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14049-900 Brazil.
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Simvastatin Prevents Long-Term Cognitive Deficits in Sepsis Survivor Rats by Reducing Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration. Neurotox Res 2020; 38:871-886. [PMID: 32524380 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-020-00222-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis-associated encephalopathy causes brain dysfunction that can result in cognitive impairments in sepsis survivor patients. In previous work, we showed that simvastatin attenuated oxidative stress in brain structures related to memory in septic rats. However, there is still a need to evaluate the long-term impact of simvastatin administration on brain neurodegenerative processes and cognitive damage in sepsis survivors. Here, we investigated the possible neuroprotective role of simvastatin in neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration conditions of brain structures related to memory in rats at 10 days after sepsis survival. Male Wistar rats (250-300 g) were submitted to cecal ligation and puncture (CLP, n = 42) or remained as non-manipulated (naïve, n = 30). Both groups were treated (before and after the surgery) by gavage with simvastatin (20 mg/kg) or an equivalent volume of saline and observed for 10 days. Simvastatin-treated rats that survived to sepsis showed a reduction in the levels of nitrate, IL1-β, and IL-6 and an increase in Bcl-2 protein expression in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus, and synaptophysin only in the hippocampus. Immunofluorescence revealed a reduction of glial activation, neurodegeneration, apoptosis, and amyloid aggregates confirmed by quantification of GFAP, Iba-1, phospho Ser396-tau, total tau, cleaved caspase-3, and thioflavin-S in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. In addition, treated animals presented better performance in tasks involving habituation memory, discriminative, and aversive memory. These results suggest that statins exert a neuroprotective role by upregulation of the Bcl-2 and gliosis reduction, which may prevent the cognitive deficit observed in sepsis survivor animals.
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Florentino D, Della Giustina A, de Souza Goldim MP, Danielski LG, de Oliveira Junior AN, Joaquim L, Bonfante S, Biehl E, da Rosa N, Fernandes D, Gava FF, Michels M, Fortunato JJ, Réus GZ, S Valvassori S, Quevedo J, Dal-Pizzol F, Barichello T, Petronilho F. Early life neuroimmune challenge protects the brain after sepsis in adult rats. Neurochem Int 2020; 135:104712. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2020.104712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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36
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Leardini-Tristão M, Andrade G, Garcia C, Reis PA, Lourenço M, Moreira ETS, Lima FRS, Castro-Faria-Neto HC, Tibirica E, Estato V. Physical exercise promotes astrocyte coverage of microvessels in a model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion. J Neuroinflammation 2020; 17:117. [PMID: 32299450 PMCID: PMC7161182 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-020-01771-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain circulation disorders such as chronic cerebral hypoperfusion have been associated with a decline in cognitive function during the development of dementia. Astrocytes together with microglia participate in the immune response in the CNS and make them potential sentinels in the brain parenchyma. In addition, astrocytes coverage integrity has been related to brain homeostasis. Currently, physical exercise has been proposed as an effective intervention to promote brain function improvement. However, the neuroprotective effects of early physical exercise on the astrocyte communication with the microcirculation and the microglial activation in a chronic cerebral hypoperfusion model are still unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of early intervention with physical exercise on cognition, brain microcirculatory, and inflammatory parameters in an experimental model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion induced by permanent bilateral occlusion of the common carotid arteries (2VO). METHODS Wistar rats aged 12 weeks were randomly divided into four groups: Sham-sedentary group (Sham-Sed), Sham-exercised group (Sham-Ex), 2VO-sedentary group (2VO-Sed), and 2VO-exercised group (2VO-Ex). The early intervention with physical exercise started 3 days after 2VO or Sham surgery during 12 weeks. Then, the brain functional capillary density and endothelial-leukocyte interactions were evaluated by intravital microscopy; cognitive function was evaluated by open-field test; hippocampus postsynaptic density protein 95 and synaptophysin were evaluated by western blotting; astrocytic coverage of the capillaries, microglial activation, and structural capillary density were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Early moderate physical exercise was able to normalize functional capillary density and reduce leukocyte rolling in the brain of animals with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion. These effects were accompanied by restore synaptic protein and the improvement of cognitive function. In addition, early moderate exercise improves astrocytes coverage in blood vessels of the cerebral cortex and hippocampus, decreases microglial activation in the hippocampus, and improves structural capillaries in the hippocampus. CONCLUSIONS Microcirculatory and inflammatory changes in the brain appear to be involved in triggering a cognitive decline in animals with chronic cerebral ischemia. Therefore, early intervention with physical exercise may represent a preventive approach to neurodegeneration caused by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Leardini-Tristão
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Av. Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, 21040-900, Brazil
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Investigation, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Giulia Andrade
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Av. Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, 21040-900, Brazil
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Investigation, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Celina Garcia
- Laboratory of Glial Cell Biology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Patrícia A Reis
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Av. Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Millena Lourenço
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Av. Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Emilio T S Moreira
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Av. Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Flavia R S Lima
- Laboratory of Glial Cell Biology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Hugo C Castro-Faria-Neto
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Av. Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Tibirica
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Investigation, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- National Institute of Cardiology, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Estato
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Av. Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, 21040-900, Brazil.
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Investigation, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Molecular Mechanisms in Hippocampus Involved on Object Recognition Memory Consolidation and Reconsolidation. Neuroscience 2020; 435:112-123. [PMID: 32272151 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.03.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Acquired information is stabilized into long-term memory through a process known as consolidation. Though, after consolidation, when stored information is retrieved they can be again susceptible, allowing modification, updating and strengthening and to be re-stabilized they need a new process referred to as memory reconsolidation. However, the molecular mechanisms of recognition memory consolidation and reconsolidation are not fully understood. Also, considering that the study of the link between synaptic proteins is key to understanding of memory processes, we investigated, in male Wistar rats, molecular mechanisms in the hippocampus involved on object recognition memory (ORM) consolidation and reconsolidation. We verified that the blockade of AMPA receptors (AMPAr) and L-VDCCs calcium channels impaired ORM consolidation and reconsolidation when administered into CA1 immediately after sample phase or reactivation phase and that these impairments were blocked by the administration of AMPAr agonist and of neurotrophin BDNF. Also, the blockade of CaMKII impaired ORM consolidation when administered 3 h after sample phase but had no effect on ORM reconsolidation and its effect was blocked by the administration of BDNF, but not of AMPAr agonist. So, this study provides new evidence of the molecular mechanisms involved on the consolidation and reconsolidation of ORM, demonstrating that AMPAr and L-VDCCs are necessary for the consolidation and reconsolidation of ORM while CaMKII is necessary only for the consolidation and also that there is a link between BDNF and AMPAr, L-VDCCs and CaMKII as well as a link between AMPAr and L-VDCCs on ORM consolidation and reconsolidation.
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Li ZQ, Zhang Y, Wan YM, Zhou Q, Liu C, Wu HX, Mu YZ, He YF, Rauniyar R, Wu XN. Testing of behavioral and cognitive development in rats after prenatal exposure to 1800 and 2400 MHz radiofrequency fields. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH 2020; 61:197-206. [PMID: 31927574 PMCID: PMC7246068 DOI: 10.1093/jrr/rrz097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the study was to explore the effects of behavioral and cognitive development in rats after prenatal exposure to 1800 and 2400 MHz radiofrequency fields. Pregnant female rats were exposed to radiofrequency fields beginning on the 21st day of pregnancy. The indicators of physiological and behavioral development were observed and measured in the offspring rats: Y maze measured at 3-weeks postnatal, open field at 7-weeks postnatal, and the expression of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) measured by reverse transcription-PCR in the hippocampus at 9-weeks postnatal. The body weight of the 1800 MHz group and the 1800 MHz + WiFi group showed a downward trend. The eye opening time of newborn rats was much earlier in the WiFi group than in the control group. Compared to the control group, the overall path length of the 1800 MHz + WiFi group was shortened and the stationary time was delayed. The path length of the WiFi group was shortened and the average velocity was increased in the error arm. The 1800 MHz + WiFi group displayed an increased trend in path length, duration, entry times and stationary time in the central area. In both the 1800 MHz + WiFi and WiFi groups, NR2A and NR2B expression was down-regulated, while NR2D, NR3A and NR3B were up-regulated. Moreover, NR1 and NR2C in the WiFi group were also up-regulated. Prenatal exposure to 1800 MHz and WiFi radiofrequency may affect the behavioral and cognitive development of offspring rats, which may be associated with altered mRNA expression of NMDARs in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-qiang Li
- The School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- The Biomedical engineering research center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Yue-Meng Wan
- The School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Qiong Zhou
- The School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Chang Liu
- The School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Hui-Xin Wu
- The School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Yun-Zheng Mu
- The School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Yue-Feng He
- The School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Ritika Rauniyar
- International Education School, Kunming Medical University, Kunming Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Xi-Nan Wu
- The School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
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Marcondes LA, Nachtigall EG, Zanluchi A, de Carvalho Myskiw J, Izquierdo I, Furini CRG. Involvement of medial prefrontal cortex NMDA and AMPA/kainate glutamate receptors in social recognition memory consolidation. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2020; 168:107153. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2019.107153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Contribution of cholinergic system and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling to the anti-amnesic action of 7-fluoro-1,3-diphenylisoquinoline-1-amine in mice. Chem Biol Interact 2020; 317:108959. [PMID: 32001261 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2020.108959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The isoquinoline 7-fluoro-1,3-diphenylisoquinoline-1-amine (FDPI) has been studied due to its multitarget properties, such as modulation of GABAergic and glutamatergic systems, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory. This study investigated the contribution of oxidative stress, nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase (HO-1) signaling, and the cholinergic system to the anti-amnesic action of FDPI in mice. Adult male Swiss mice received FDPI for 5 days (5-25 mg/kg, i.g.); the animals received scopolamine (1 mg/kg, i.p) from day 3-5. The vehicle-control group was carried out. Afterward, mice performed object recognition tests (ORTs). Scopolamine induced amnesia and cholinergic dysfunction by increasing the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and content, decreasing the muscarinic M1 receptor levels in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus of mice. This study reveals that scopolamine altered oxidative stress parameters differently in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus of mice. Whereas the prefrontal cortex was susceptible to oxidative stress, none of the parameters evaluated was altered in the hippocampus of scopolamine-treated mice. FDPI at doses of 10 and 25 mg/kg had an anti-amnesic effect in the ORT tests. FDPI 10 mg/kg reversed the increase in the AChE activity and content, oxidative stress parameters, and modulated Nrf2/HO-1 signaling in the prefrontal cortex of scopolamine-exposed mice. Pearson's correlation analyses reinforced the contribution of the prefrontal cortical cholinergic system, oxidative stress as well as Nrf2/HO-1 signaling in the anti-amnesic effect of FDPI. Considering FDPI effects on the hippocampus, it was effective against the cholinergic dysfunction, AChE activity and content, and M1 receptor levels, which collectively could contribute to its anti-amnesic effect.
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Binyamin O, Nitzan K, Frid K, Ungar Y, Rosenmann H, Gabizon R. Brain targeting of 9c,11t-Conjugated Linoleic Acid, a natural calpain inhibitor, preserves memory and reduces Aβ and P25 accumulation in 5XFAD mice. Sci Rep 2019; 9:18437. [PMID: 31804596 PMCID: PMC6895090 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-54971-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Deregulation of Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) by binding to the activated calpain product p25, is associated with the onset of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA), a calpain inhibitor, is a metabolite of Punicic Acid (PA), the main component of Pomegranate seed oil (PSO). We have shown recently that long-term administration of Nano-PSO, a nanodroplet formulation of PSO, delays mitochondrial damage and disease advance in a mouse model of genetic Creutzfeldt Jacob disease (CJD). In this project, we first demonstrated that treatment of mice with Nano-PSO, but not with natural PSO, results in the accumulation of CLA in their brains. Next, we tested the cognitive, biochemical and pathological effects of long-term administration of Nano-PSO to 5XFAD mice, modeling for Alzheimer's disease. We show that Nano-PSO treatment prevented age-related cognitive deterioration and mitochondrial oxidative damage in 5XFAD mice. Also, brains of the Nano-PSO treated mice presented reduced accumulation of Aβ and of p25, a calpain product, and increased expression of COX IV-1, a key mitochondrial enzyme. We conclude that administration of Nano-PSO results in the brain targeting of CLA, and suggest that this treatment may prevent/delay the onset of neurodegenerative diseases, such as AD and CJD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orli Binyamin
- Department of Neurology, The Agnes Ginges Center for Human Neurogenetics, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Keren Nitzan
- Department of Neurology, The Agnes Ginges Center for Human Neurogenetics, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Kati Frid
- Department of Neurology, The Agnes Ginges Center for Human Neurogenetics, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yael Ungar
- Chemistry laboratory, Milouda & Migal Laboratories, Merieux Nutrisciences, Milu'ot South Industrial Zone, Akko, Israel
| | - Hanna Rosenmann
- Department of Neurology, The Agnes Ginges Center for Human Neurogenetics, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ruth Gabizon
- Department of Neurology, The Agnes Ginges Center for Human Neurogenetics, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.
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Kokhan VS, Anokhin PK, Belov OV, Gulyaev MV. Cortical Glutamate/GABA Imbalance after Combined Radiation Exposure: Relevance to Human Deep-Space Missions. Neuroscience 2019; 416:295-308. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Molina SJ, Buján GE, Rodriguez Gonzalez M, Capani F, Gómez-Casati ME, Guelman LR. Exposure of Developing Male Rats to One or Multiple Noise Sessions and Different Housing Conditions: Hippocampal Thioredoxin Changes and Behavioral Alterations. Front Behav Neurosci 2019; 13:182. [PMID: 31456671 PMCID: PMC6700388 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2019.00182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure of developing rats to noise has shown to induce hippocampal-related behavioral alterations that were prevented after a week of housing in an enriched environment. However, neither the effect of repeated exposures nor its impact on key endogenous antioxidants had been studied yet. Thus, the aim of the present work was to reveal novel data about hippocampal oxidative state through the measurement of possible age-related differences in the levels of hippocampal thioredoxins in rats exposed to noise at different developmental ages and subjected to different schemes and housing conditions. In addition, the possibility that oxidative changes could underlie hippocampal-related behavioral changes was also analyzed. Developing male Wistar rats were exposed to noise for 2 h, either once or for 5 days. Upon weaning, some animals were transferred to an enriched cage for 1 week, whereas others were kept in standard cages. One week later, auditory and behavioral assessments, as well as measurement of hippocampal thioredoxin, were performed. Whereas no changes in the auditory function were observed, significant behavioral differences were found, that varied according to the age, scheme of exposure and housing condition. In addition, a significant increase in Trx-1 levels was found in all noise-exposed groups housed in standard cages. Housing animals in an enriched environment for 1 week was effective in preventing most of these changes. These findings suggest that animals become less susceptible to undergo behavioral alterations after repeated exposure to an environmental challenge, probably due to the ability of adaptation to an unfavorable condition. Moreover, it could be hypothesized that damage to younger individuals could be more easily prevented by a housing manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Jazmín Molina
- Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFyBO, UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gustavo Ezequiel Buján
- Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFyBO, UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Medicina, Cátedra de Farmacología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Francisco Capani
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto de Investigaciones Cardiológicas (ININCA, UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | | | - Laura Ruth Guelman
- Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFyBO, UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Medicina, Cátedra de Farmacología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Magalhães-Gomes MPS, Motta-Santos D, Schetino LPL, Andrade JN, Bastos CP, Guimarães DAS, Vaughan SK, Martinelli PM, Guatimosim S, Pereira GS, Coimbra CC, Prado VF, Prado MAM, Valdez G, Guatimosim C. Fast and slow-twitching muscles are differentially affected by reduced cholinergic transmission in mice deficient for VAChT: A mouse model for congenital myasthenia. Neurochem Int 2018; 120:1-12. [PMID: 30003945 PMCID: PMC6421860 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Congenital myasthenic syndromes (CMS) result from reduced cholinergic transmission at neuromuscular junctions (NMJs). While the etiology of CMS varies, the disease is characterized by muscle weakness. To date, it remains unknown if CMS causes long-term and irreversible changes to skeletal muscles. In this study, we examined skeletal muscles in a mouse line with reduced expression of Vesicular Acetylcholine Transporter (VAChT, mouse line herein called VAChT-KDHOM). We examined this mouse line for several reasons. First, VAChT plays a central function in loading acetylcholine (ACh) into synaptic vesicles and releasing it at NMJs, in addition to other cholinergic nerve endings. Second, loss of function mutations in VAChT causes myasthenia in humans. Importantly, VAChT-KDHOM present with reduced ACh and muscle weakness, resembling CMS. We evaluated the morphology, fiber type (myosin heavy chain isoforms), and expression of muscle-related genes in the extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and soleus muscles. This analysis revealed that while muscle fibers atrophy in the EDL, they hypertrophy in the soleus muscle of VAChT-KDHOM mice. Along with these cellular changes, skeletal muscles exhibit altered levels of markers for myogenesis (Pax-7, Myogenin, and MyoD), oxidative metabolism (PGC1-α and MTND1), and protein degradation (Atrogin1 and MuRF1) in VAChT-KDHOM mice. Importantly, we demonstrate that deleterious changes in skeletal muscles and motor deficits can be partially reversed following the administration of the cholinesterase inhibitor, pyridostigmine in VAChT-KDHOM mice. These findings reveal that fast and slow type muscles differentially respond to cholinergic deficits. Additionally, this study shows that the adverse effects of cholinergic transmission, as in the case of CMS, on fast and slow type skeletal muscles are reversible.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daisy Motta-Santos
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Departamento de Esportes, EEFFTO, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Luana P L Schetino
- Departamento de Morfologia, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Jéssica N Andrade
- Departamento de Morfologia, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Cristiane P Bastos
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Sydney K Vaughan
- Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute, Roanoke, VA, USA; Graduate Program in Translational Biology, Medicine, and Health, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Patrícia M Martinelli
- Departamento de Morfologia, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Silvia Guatimosim
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Grace S Pereira
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Candido C Coimbra
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Vânia F Prado
- Robarts Research Institute and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and Anatomy & Cell Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Marco A M Prado
- Robarts Research Institute and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and Anatomy & Cell Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Gregorio Valdez
- Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute, Roanoke, VA, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Cristina Guatimosim
- Departamento de Morfologia, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
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Sodium butyrate improves memory and modulates the activity of histone deacetylases in aged rats after the administration of d-galactose. Exp Gerontol 2018; 113:209-217. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 09/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Bedirli N, Bagriacik EU, Yilmaz G, Ozkose Z, Kavutçu M, Cavunt Bayraktar A, Bedirli A. Sevoflurane exerts brain-protective effects against sepsis-associated encephalopathy and memory impairment through caspase 3/9 and Bax/Bcl signaling pathway in a rat model of sepsis. J Int Med Res 2018; 46:2828-2842. [PMID: 29756489 PMCID: PMC6124281 DOI: 10.1177/0300060518773265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective We compared the effects of sevoflurane and isoflurane on systemic inflammation, sepsis-associated encephalopathy, and memory impairment in a rat sepsis model of cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced polymicrobial peritonitis. Methods Twenty-four rats were assigned to sham, CLP, CLP + sevoflurane, and CLP + isoflurane groups. At 72 hours after CLP, the rats underwent behavior tests. Serum cytokines were evaluated. Brain tissue samples were collected for determination of glutathione peroxidase (GPX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase; the wet/dry weight ratio; myeloperoxidase (MPO) and malondialdehyde (MDA); apoptotic gene release; and histologic examinations. Results The MPO level, wet/dry weight ratio, and histopathology scores were lower and the Bcl2a1 and Bcl2l2 expressions were upregulated in both the CLP + sevoflurane and CLP + isoflurane groups compared with the CLP group. The interleukin-6, interleukin-1β, MDA, and caspase 3, 8, and 9 levels were lower; the GPX, SOD, Bax, Bcl2, and Bclx levels were higher; and non-associative and aversive memory were improved in the CLP + sevoflurane group compared with the CLP + isoflurane group. Conclusion Sevoflurane decreased apoptosis and oxidative injury and improved memory in this experimental rat model of CLP. Sevoflurane sedation may protect against brain injury and memory impairment in septic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurdan Bedirli
- Anesthesiology and Reanimation Department, Medical Faculty, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Guldal Yilmaz
- Department of Pathology, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Zerrin Ozkose
- Anesthesiology and Reanimation Department, Medical Faculty, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
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Liu Y, Yan J, Sun C, Li G, Li S, Zhang L, Di C, Gan L, Wang Y, Zhou R, Si J, Zhang H. Ameliorating mitochondrial dysfunction restores carbon ion-induced cognitive deficits via co-activation of NRF2 and PINK1 signaling pathway. Redox Biol 2018; 17:143-157. [PMID: 29689442 PMCID: PMC6006734 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2018.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon ion therapy is a promising modality in radiotherapy to treat tumors, however, a potential risk of induction of late normal tissue damage should still be investigated and protected. The aim of the present study was to explore the long-term cognitive deficits provoked by a high-linear energy transfer (high-LET) carbon ions in mice by targeting to hippocampus which plays a crucial role in memory and learning. Our data showed that, one month after 4 Gy carbon ion exposure, carbon ion irradiation conspicuously resulted in the impaired cognitive performance, neurodegeneration and neuronal cell death, as well as the reduced mitochondrial integrity, the disrupted activities of tricarboxylic acid cycle flux and electron transport chain, and the depressed antioxidant defense system, consequently leading to a decline of ATP production and persistent oxidative damage in the hippocampus region. Mechanistically, we demonstrated the disruptions of mitochondrial homeostasis and redox balance typically characterized by the disordered mitochondrial dynamics, mitophagy and glutathione redox couple, which is closely associated with the inhibitions of PINK1 and NRF2 signaling pathway as the key regulators of molecular responses in the context of neurotoxicity and neurodegenerative disorders. Most importantly, we found that administration with melatonin as a mitochondria-targeted antioxidant promoted the PINK1 accumulation on the mitochondrial membrane, and augmented the NRF2 accumulation and translocation. Moreover, melatonin pronouncedly enhanced the molecular interplay between NRF2 and PINK1. Furthermore, in the mouse hippocampal neuronal cells, overexpression of NRF2/PINK1 strikingly protected the hippocampal neurons from carbon ion-elicited toxic insults. Thus, these data suggest that alleviation of the sustained mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress through co-modulation of NRF2 and PINK1 may be in charge of restoration of the cognitive impairments in a mouse model of high-LET carbon ion irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jiawei Yan
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Cao Sun
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Guo Li
- Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Sirui Li
- Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Luwei Zhang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Cuixia Di
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Lu Gan
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Yupei Wang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Rong Zhou
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jing Si
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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48
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Simões LR, Sangiogo G, Tashiro MH, Generoso JS, Faller CJ, Dominguini D, Mastella GA, Scaini G, Giridharan VV, Michels M, Florentino D, Petronilho F, Réus GZ, Dal-Pizzol F, Zugno AI, Barichello T. Maternal immune activation induced by lipopolysaccharide triggers immune response in pregnant mother and fetus, and induces behavioral impairment in adult rats. J Psychiatr Res 2018; 100:71-83. [PMID: 29494891 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2018.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Evidence suggest that prenatal immune system disturbance contributes largely to the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric disorders. We investigated if maternal immune activation (MIA) could induce inflammatory alterations in fetal brain and pregnant rats. Adult rats subjected to MIA also were investigated to evaluate if ketamine potentiates the effects of infection. On gestational day 15, Wistar pregnant rats received lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to induce MIA. After 6, 12 and 24 h, fetus brain, placenta, and amniotic fluid were collected to evaluate early effects of LPS. MIA increased oxidative stress and expression of metalloproteinase in the amniotic fluid and fetal brain. The blood brain barrier (BBB) integrity in the hippocampus and cortex as well integrity of placental barrier (PB) in the placenta and fetus brain were dysregulated after LPS induction. We observed elevated pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines after LPS in fetal brain. Other group of rats from postnatal day (PND) 54 after LPS received injection of ketamine at the doses of 5, 15, and 25 mg/kg. On PND 60 rats were subjected to the memories tests, spontaneous locomotor activity, and pre-pulse inhibition test (PPI). Rats that receive MIA plus ketamine had memory impairment and a deficit in the PPI. Neurotrophins were increased in the hippocampus and reduced in the prefrontal cortex in the LPS plus ketamine group. MIA induced oxidative stress and inflammatory changes that could be, at least in part, related to the dysfunction in the BBB and PB permeability of pregnant rats and offspring. Besides, this also generates behavioral deficits in the rat adulthood's that are potentiated by ketamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lutiana Roque Simões
- Laboratory of Experimental Microbiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Sangiogo
- Laboratory of Experimental Microbiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Michael Hikaru Tashiro
- Laboratory of Experimental Microbiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline S Generoso
- Laboratory of Experimental Microbiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Cristiano Julio Faller
- Laboratory of Experimental Microbiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Diogo Dominguini
- Laboratory of Experimental Microbiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Antunes Mastella
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Giselli Scaini
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA
| | - Vijayasree Vayalanellore Giridharan
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA
| | - Monique Michels
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Drielly Florentino
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Fabricia Petronilho
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Gislaine Zilli Réus
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Felipe Dal-Pizzol
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Alexandra I Zugno
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Barichello
- Laboratory of Experimental Microbiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil; Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
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49
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Zarbato GF, de Souza Goldim MP, Giustina AD, Danielski LG, Mathias K, Florentino D, de Oliveira Junior AN, da Rosa N, Laurentino AO, Trombetta T, Gomes ML, Steckert AV, Moreira AP, Schuck PF, Fortunato JJ, Barichello T, Petronilho F. Dimethyl Fumarate Limits Neuroinflammation and Oxidative Stress and Improves Cognitive Impairment After Polymicrobial Sepsis. Neurotox Res 2018; 34:418-430. [PMID: 29713994 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-018-9900-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Revised: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis is caused by a dysregulated host response to infection, often associated with acute central nervous system (CNS) dysfunction, which results in long-term cognitive impairment. Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is an important agent against inflammatory response and reactive species in CNS disorders. Evaluate the effect of DMF on acute and long-term brain dysfunction after experimental sepsis in rats. Male Wistar rats were submitted to the cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) model. The groups were divided into sham (control) + vehicle, sham + NAC, sham + DMF, CLP + vehicle, CLP + NAC, and CLP + DMF. The animals were treated with DMF (15 mg/kg at 0 and 12 h after CLP, per gavage) and the administration of n-acetylcysteine (NAC) (20 mg/kg; 3, 6, and 12 h after CLP, subcutaneously) was used as positive control. Twenty-four hours after CLP, cytokines, myeloperoxidase (MPO), nitrite/nitrate (N/N), oxidative damage to lipids and proteins, and antioxidant enzymes were evaluated in the hippocampus, total cortex, and prefrontal cortex. At 10 days after sepsis induction, behavioral tests were performed to assess cognitive damage. We observed an increase in cytokine levels, MPO activity, N/N concentration, and oxidative damage, a reduction in SOD and GPx activity in the brain structures, and cognitive damage in CLP rats. DMF treatment was effective in reversing these parameters. DMF reduces sepsis-induced neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and cognitive impairment in rats subjected to the CLP model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graciela Freitas Zarbato
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarao, SC, Brazil
| | - Mariana Pereira de Souza Goldim
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarao, SC, Brazil
| | - Amanda Della Giustina
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarao, SC, Brazil
| | - Lucinéia Gainski Danielski
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarao, SC, Brazil
| | - Khiany Mathias
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarao, SC, Brazil
| | - Drielly Florentino
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarao, SC, Brazil
| | - Aloir Neri de Oliveira Junior
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarao, SC, Brazil
| | - Naiana da Rosa
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarao, SC, Brazil
| | - Ana Olivia Laurentino
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarao, SC, Brazil
| | - Taina Trombetta
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarao, SC, Brazil
| | - Maria Luiza Gomes
- Laboratory Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciuma, SC, Brazil
| | - Amanda Valnier Steckert
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciuma, SC, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Moreira
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciuma, SC, Brazil
| | - Patricia Fernanda Schuck
- Laboratory Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciuma, SC, Brazil
| | - Jucelia Jeremias Fortunato
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarao, SC, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Barichello
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciuma, SC, Brazil.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA
| | - Fabricia Petronilho
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarao, SC, Brazil.
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50
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Herrera MI, Udovin LD, Toro-Urrego N, Kusnier CF, Luaces JP, Capani F. Palmitoylethanolamide Ameliorates Hippocampal Damage and Behavioral Dysfunction After Perinatal Asphyxia in the Immature Rat Brain. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:145. [PMID: 29662433 PMCID: PMC5890174 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Perinatal asphyxia (PA) is an obstetric complication associated with an impaired gas exchange. This health problem continues to be a determinant of neonatal mortality and neurodevelopmental disorders. Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) has exerted neuroprotection in several models of brain injury and neurodegeneration. We aimed at evaluating the potential neuroprotective role of PEA in an experimental model, which induces PA in the immature rat brain. PA was induced by placing Sprague Dawley newborn rats in a water bath at 37°C for 19 min. Once their physiological conditions improved, they were given to surrogate mothers that had delivered normally within the last 24 h. The control group was represented by non-fostered vaginally delivered pups, mimicking the clinical situation. Treatment with PEA (10 mg/kg) was administered within the first hour of life. Modifications in the hippocampus were analyzed with conventional electron microscopy, immunohistochemistry (for NeuN, pNF-H/M, MAP-2, and GFAP) and western blot (for pNF H/M, MAP-2, and GFAP). Behavior was also studied throughout Open Field (OF) Test, Passive Avoidance (PA) Task and Elevated Plus Maze (EPM) Test. After 1 month of the PA insult, we observed neuronal nucleus degeneration in CA1 using electron microscopy. Immunohistochemistry revealed a significant increase in pNF-H/M and decrease in MAP-2 in CA1 reactive area. These changes were also observed when analyzing the level of expression of these markers by western blot. Vertical exploration impairments and anxiety-related behaviors were encountered in the OF and EPM tests. PEA treatment attenuated PA-induced hippocampal damage and its corresponding behavioral alterations. These results contribute to the elucidation of PEA neuroprotective role after PA and the future establishment of therapeutic strategies for the developing brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- María I Herrera
- Centro de Investigaciones en Psicología y Psicopedagogía, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Católica Argentina, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Investigaciones Cardiológicas, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lucas D Udovin
- Instituto de Investigaciones Cardiológicas, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Nicolás Toro-Urrego
- Instituto de Investigaciones Cardiológicas, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carlos F Kusnier
- Instituto de Investigaciones Cardiológicas, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan P Luaces
- Instituto de Investigaciones Cardiológicas, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Francisco Capani
- Instituto de Investigaciones Cardiológicas, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica Argentina, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
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