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Sethiya NK, Ghiloria N, Srivastav A, Bisht D, Chaudhary SK, Walia V, Alam MS. Therapeutic Potential of Myricetin in the Treatment of Neurological, Neuropsychiatric, and Neurodegenerative Disorders. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS DRUG TARGETS 2024; 23:865-882. [PMID: 37461364 DOI: 10.2174/1871527322666230718105358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Myricetin (MC), 3,5,7,3',4',5'-hexahydroxyflavone, chemically belongs to a flavonoid category known to confer antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, and neuroprotective effects. MC is known to suppress the generation of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), lipid peroxidation (MDA), and inflammatory markers. It has been reported to improve insulin function in the human brain and periphery. Besides this, it modulates several neurochemicals including glutamate, GABA, serotonin, etc. MC has been shown to reduce the expression of the enzyme Mono Amine Oxidase (MAO), which is responsible for the metabolism of monoamines. MC treatment reduces levels of plasma corticosterone and restores hippocampal BDNF (full form) protein in stressed animals. Further, MC has shown its protective effect against amyloid-beta, MPTP, rotenone, 6-OHDA, etc. suggesting its potential role against neurodegenerative disorders. The aim of the present review is to highlight the therapeutic potential of MC in the treatment of several neurological, neuropsychiatric, and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Neha Ghiloria
- Dr. Baba Saheb Ambedkar Hospital, Rohini, New Delhi 110085, India
| | | | - Dheeraj Bisht
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sir J.C. Bose Technical Campus, Bhimtal, Kumaun University, Nainital, Uttarakhand 263002, India
| | | | - Vaibhav Walia
- Department of Pharmacology, SGT College of Pharmacy, SGT University, Gurugram, Haryana 122505, India
| | - Md Sabir Alam
- Department of Pharmaceutics, SGT College of Pharmacy, SGT University, Gurugram, Haryana 122505, India
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You Y, Liu J, Yao Z, Zhang S, Chen K, Ma X. Neural mechanisms of long-term exercise intervention on cognitive performance among short-sleep young adults: A hemodynamic study. Sleep Med 2023; 110:7-16. [PMID: 37517285 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2023.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Short-sleep is becoming increasingly common and may negatively affect brain function including cognitive ability. Physical exercise has been proved to improve cognitive function while intensity matters. This study was conducted to examine the effects of 12-week exercise interventions on cognitive performance and prefrontal cortex activation related to task performance in short-sleep young adults. METHODS A total of 50 subjects (23.62 ± 5.28 years and 24 men) with regular short-sleep conditions (<7 h per night) participated in this study and were divided into three groups: control, moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT), and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) group. As task performance (congruent and incongruent Stroop) was monitored, changes in prefrontal oxygenated hemoglobin (oxyHb), an indicator of cortical activation, were measured using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to explore the hemodynamics mechanism. RESULTS Post 12-week intervention, significant differences in reaction time for congruent [β (95%CI): -0.045 (-0.088, -0.002), p = 0.039] and incongruent Stroop tests [β (95%CI): -0.058 (-0.113, -0.003), p = 0.038] were found only in the MICT intervention group. However, HIIT did not show significant improvements in cognitive function. Left middle frontal gyrus (Frontal Mid L) and right dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus (Frontal Sup R) were both stimulated by MICT and HIIT. Moreover, left dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus (Frontal Sup L) was stimulated by MICT. CONCLUSION The findings indicated that 12-week MICT improved cognition by significantly increasing cortical activity across more brain regions. Thus, we suggested that maintaining moderate-intensity exercise could benefit cognitive function despite short sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanwei You
- Division of Sports Science & Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jianxiu Liu
- Division of Sports Science & Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Zhengbang Yao
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Shiqi Zhang
- Division of Sports Science & Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Keshuo Chen
- Division of Sports Science & Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xindong Ma
- Division of Sports Science & Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
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Świt P, Pollap A, Orzeł J. Spectroscopic Determination of Acetylcholine (ACh): A Representative Review. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2023; 381:16. [PMID: 37169979 PMCID: PMC10175388 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-023-00426-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Acetylcholine (ACh) is one of the most crucial neurotransmitters of the cholinergic system found in vertebrates and invertebrates and is responsible for many processes in living organisms. Disturbances in ACh transmission are closely related to dementia in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. ACh in biological samples is most often determined using chromatographic techniques, radioenzymatic assays, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), or potentiometric methods. An alternative way to detect and determine acetylcholine is applying spectroscopic techniques, due to low limits of detection and quantification, which is not possible with the methods mentioned above. In this review article, we described a detailed overview of different spectroscopic methods used to determine ACh with a collection of validation parameters as a perspective tool for routine analysis, especially in basic research on animal models on central nervous system. In addition, there is a discussion of examples of other biological materials from clinical and preclinical studies to give the whole spectrum of spectroscopic methods application. Descriptions of the developed chemical sensors, as well as the use of flow technology, were also presented. It is worth emphasizing the inclusion in the article of multi-component analysis referring to other neurotransmitters, as well as the description of the tested biological samples and extraction procedures. The motivation to use spectroscopic techniques to conduct this type of analysis and future perspectives in this field are briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Świt
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Silesia in Katowice, 9 Szkolna Street, 40-006, Katowice, Poland.
| | | | - Joanna Orzeł
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Silesia in Katowice, 9 Szkolna Street, 40-006, Katowice, Poland
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Wu T, Lin D, Cheng Y, Jiang S, Riaz MW, Fu N, Mou C, Ye M, Zheng Y. Amyloid Cascade Hypothesis for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease: Progress and Challenges. Aging Dis 2022; 13:1745-1758. [PMID: 36465173 PMCID: PMC9662281 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2022.0412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The amyloid cascade hypothesis has always been a research focus in the therapeutic field of Alzheimer's disease (AD) since it was put forward. Numerous researchers attempted to find drugs for AD treatment based on this hypothesis. To promote the research of anti-AD drugs development, the current hypothesis and pathogenesis were reviewed with expounding of β-amyloid generation from its precursor protein and related transformations. Meanwhile, the present drug development strategies aimed at each stage in this hypothesis were also summarized. Several strategies especially immunotherapy showed the optimistic results in clinical trials, but only a small percentage of them eventually succeeded. In this review, we also tried to point out some common problems of drug development in preclinical and clinical studies which might be settled through multidisciplinary cooperation as well as the understanding that reinforces the amyloid cascade hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Protection and Innovation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Ding Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Protection and Innovation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Yaqian Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Protection and Innovation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Senze Jiang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Protection and Innovation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Muhammad Waheed Riaz
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Protection and Innovation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Nina Fu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Protection and Innovation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Chenhao Mou
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Protection and Innovation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Menglu Ye
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Protection and Innovation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Ying Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Protection and Innovation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
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Dastgheib M, Kulanayagam A, Dringenberg HC. Is the role of sleep in memory consolidation overrated? Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2022; 140:104799. [PMID: 35905801 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Substantial empirical evidence suggests that sleep benefits the consolidation and reorganization of learned information. Consequently, the concept of "sleep-dependent memory consolidation" is now widely accepted by the scientific community, in addition to influencing public perceptions regarding the functions of sleep. There are, however, numerous studies that have presented findings inconsistent with the sleep-memory hypothesis. Here, we challenge the notion of "sleep-dependency" by summarizing evidence for effective memory consolidation independent of sleep. Plasticity mechanisms thought to mediate or facilitate consolidation during sleep (e.g., neuronal replay, reactivation, slow oscillations, neurochemical milieu) also operate during non-sleep states, particularly quiet wakefulness, thus allowing for the stabilization of new memories. We propose that it is not sleep per se, but the engagement of plasticity mechanisms, active during both sleep and (at least some) waking states, that constitutes the critical factor determining memory formation. Thus, rather than playing a "critical" role, sleep falls along a continuum of behavioral states that vary in their effectiveness to support memory consolidation at the neural and behavioral level.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hans C Dringenberg
- Department of Psychology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
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Selenium abates manganese-induced striatal and hippocampal toxicity via abrogation of neurobehavioral deficits, biometal accumulation, oxidative stress, inflammation, and caspase-3 activation in rats. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2022; 239:399-412. [PMID: 34714396 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-021-06010-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Excessive exposure to manganese (Mn) is associated with neurotoxicity characterized by oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis induction. Selenium (Se) has been shown to possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties in humans and animals. The present study investigated the neuroprotective mechanism of Se in rats sub-chronically treated with Mn at 30 mg/kg body weight or orally co-treated with Se at 0.2 and 0.4 mg/kg body weight for 35 consecutive days. Locomotive and exploratory profiles were recorded and computed with the aid of ANY-Maze (a video-tracking software) for 5-min trial, in a novel apparatus. The ANY-Maze analysis showed that Se significantly (p < 0.05) abated Mn-induced locomotive impairment evidenced by increased in maximum speed, total time traveled, absolute turn angle, number of line crossing, rotation and forelimb grip and decreased total time immobile, grooming, and negative geotaxis as verified by the enhanced track plot density. Furthermore, the striatum and hippocampus of the rats were excised and the levels of Mn and Se, oxidative stress markers, proinflammatory cytokines including acetylcholinesterase and caspase-3 activities were assayed. The result shows that Se abates Mn-mediated accumulation of Mn. Also, Se ameliorated Mn-induced decrease in antioxidant enzymes as well as glutathione level and increase in acetylcholinesterase activity, lipid peroxidation, proinflammatory cytokines (i.e., interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor alpha), and caspase-3 activation in the striatum and hippocampus of the rats. Collectively, Se abated Mn-induced striatal and hippocampal toxicity via abrogation of neurobehavioral deficits, biometal accumulation, oxidative stress, inflammation, and caspase-3 activation in rats. Se may serve as a neuroprotective agent against Mn-mediated neurotoxicity.
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Walker LC, Campbell EJ, Huckstep KL, Chen NA, Langmead CJ, Lawrence AJ. M 1 muscarinic receptor activation decreases alcohol consumption via a reduction in consummatory behavior. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2021; 10:e00907. [PMID: 34962108 PMCID: PMC8929368 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) have been shown to mediate alcohol consumption and seeking. Both M4 and M5 mAChRs have been highlighted as potential novel treatment targets for alcohol use disorders (AUD). Similarly, M1 mAChRs are expressed throughout reward circuitry, and their signaling has been implicated in cocaine consumption. However, whether the same effects are seen for alcohol consumption, or whether natural reward intake is inadvertently impacted is still unknown. To determine the role of M1 mAChRs in alcohol consumption, we tested operant self-administration of alcohol under both fixed ratio (FR3) and progressive ratio (PR3-4) schedules. Enhancing M1 mAChR signaling (via the M1 PAM-Agonist PF-06767832, 1 mg/kg, i.p.) reduced operant alcohol consumption on a fixed schedule but had no effect on motivation to acquire alcohol. To determine whether these actions were specific to alcohol, we examined the effects of M1 enhancement on natural reward (sucrose) self-administration. Systemic administration of PF-06767832 (1 mg/kg, i.p.) also reduced operant sucrose self-administration, suggesting the actions of the M1 receptor may be non-selective across drug and natural rewards. Finally, to understand whether this reduction extended to natural consummatory behaviors, we assessed home cage standard chow and water consumption. M1 enhancement via systemic PF-06767832 administration reduced food and water consumption. Together our results suggest the M1 PAM-agonist, PF-06767832, non-specifically reduces consummatory behaviors that are not associated with motivational strength for the reward. These data highlight the need to further characterize M1 agonists, PAMs, and PAM-agonists, which may have varying degrees of utility in the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders including AUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leigh C. Walker
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental HealthParkvilleAustralia
- Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental HealthUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleAustralia
| | - Erin J. Campbell
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental HealthParkvilleAustralia
- Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental HealthUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleAustralia
| | - Kate L. Huckstep
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental HealthParkvilleAustralia
- Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental HealthUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleAustralia
| | - Nicola A. Chen
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental HealthParkvilleAustralia
- Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental HealthUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleAustralia
| | - Christopher J. Langmead
- Drug Discovery BiologyMonash Institute of Pharmaceutical SciencesMonash UniversityParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Andrew J. Lawrence
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental HealthParkvilleAustralia
- Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental HealthUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleAustralia
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Closset M, Cailliau K, Slaby S, Marin M. Effects of Aluminium Contamination on the Nervous System of Freshwater Aquatic Vertebrates: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010031. [PMID: 35008450 PMCID: PMC8744726 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aluminium (Al) is the most common natural metallic element in the Earth’s crust. It is released into the environment through natural processes and human activities and accumulates in aquatic environments. This review compiles scientific data on the neurotoxicity of aluminium contamination on the nervous system of aquatic organisms. More precisely, it helps identify biomarkers of aluminium exposure for aquatic environment biomonitoring in freshwater aquatic vertebrates. Al is neurotoxic and accumulates in the nervous system of aquatic vertebrates, which is why it could be responsible for oxidative stress. In addition, it activates and inhibits antioxidant enzymes and leads to changes in acetylcholinesterase activity, neurotransmitter levels, and in the expression of several neural genes and nerve cell components. It also causes histological changes in nerve tissue, modifications of organism behaviour, and cognitive deficit. However, impacts of aluminium exposure on the early stages of aquatic vertebrate development are poorly described. Lastly, this review also poses the question of how accurate aquatic vertebrates (fishes and amphibians) could be used as model organisms to complement biological data relating to the developmental aspect. This “challenge” is very relevant since freshwater pollution with heavy metals has increased in the last few decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Closset
- University Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576-UGSF-Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F-59000 Lille, France; (M.C.); (K.C.)
| | - Katia Cailliau
- University Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576-UGSF-Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F-59000 Lille, France; (M.C.); (K.C.)
| | - Sylvain Slaby
- Normandie University, UNILEHAVRE, CNRS, UMR 3730 SCALE, Environmental Stress and Aquatic Biomonitoring (SEBIO), F-76600 Le Havre, France;
| | - Matthieu Marin
- University Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576-UGSF-Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F-59000 Lille, France; (M.C.); (K.C.)
- Correspondence:
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Tanaka-Kanegae R, Hamada K. A novel in vitro assay model developed to measure both extracellular and intracellular acetylcholine levels for screening cholinergic agents. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0258420. [PMID: 34637466 PMCID: PMC8509891 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cholinergic neurons utilize choline (Ch) to synthetize acetylcholine (ACh) and contain a high-affinity Ch transporter, Ch acetyltransferase (ChAT), ACh receptors, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE). As the depletion or malfunction of each component of the cholinergic system has been reported in patients with dementia, many studies have sought to evaluate whether treatment candidates affect each of the cholinergic components. The associated changes in the cholinergic components may be reflected by intra- or extra-cellular ACh levels, with an increase in extracellular ACh levels occurring following AChE inhibition. We hypothesized that increases in intracellular ACh levels can be more sensitively detected than those in extracellular ACh levels, thereby capturing subtle effects in the cholinergic components other than AChE. The objective of this study was to test this hypothesis. Methods We developed an in vitro model to measure both extracellular and intracellular ACh levels using the human cholinergic neuroblastoma cell line, LA-N-2, which have been reported to express Ch transporter, ChAT, muscarinic ACh receptor (mAChR), and AChE. With this model, we evaluated several drug compounds and food constituents reported to improve cholinergic function through various mechanisms. In addition, we conducted western blotting to identify the subtype of mAChR that is expressed on the cell line. Results Our cell-based assay system was capable of detecting increases in extracellular ACh levels induced by an AChE inhibitor at relatively high doses, as well as increases in intracellular ACh levels following the administration of lower AChE-inhibitor doses and an mAChR agonist. Moreover, increases in intracellular ACh levels were observed even after treatment with food constituents that have different mechanisms of action, such as Ch provision and ChAT activation. In addition, we revealed that LA-N-2 cells expressed mAChR M2. Conclusion The findings support our hypothesis and indicate that the developed assay model can broadly screen compounds from drugs to food ingredients, with varying strengths and mechanisms of action, to develop treatments for ACh-relevant phenomena, including dementia and aging-related cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryohei Tanaka-Kanegae
- Saga Nutraceuticals Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Saga, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Koichiro Hamada
- Saga Nutraceuticals Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Saga, Japan
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Ruggiero RN, Rossignoli MT, Marques DB, de Sousa BM, Romcy-Pereira RN, Lopes-Aguiar C, Leite JP. Neuromodulation of Hippocampal-Prefrontal Cortical Synaptic Plasticity and Functional Connectivity: Implications for Neuropsychiatric Disorders. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:732360. [PMID: 34707481 PMCID: PMC8542677 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.732360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The hippocampus-prefrontal cortex (HPC-PFC) pathway plays a fundamental role in executive and emotional functions. Neurophysiological studies have begun to unveil the dynamics of HPC-PFC interaction in both immediate demands and long-term adaptations. Disruptions in HPC-PFC functional connectivity can contribute to neuropsychiatric symptoms observed in mental illnesses and neurological conditions, such as schizophrenia, depression, anxiety disorders, and Alzheimer's disease. Given the role in functional and dysfunctional physiology, it is crucial to understand the mechanisms that modulate the dynamics of HPC-PFC communication. Two of the main mechanisms that regulate HPC-PFC interactions are synaptic plasticity and modulatory neurotransmission. Synaptic plasticity can be investigated inducing long-term potentiation or long-term depression, while spontaneous functional connectivity can be inferred by statistical dependencies between the local field potentials of both regions. In turn, several neurotransmitters, such as acetylcholine, dopamine, serotonin, noradrenaline, and endocannabinoids, can regulate the fine-tuning of HPC-PFC connectivity. Despite experimental evidence, the effects of neuromodulation on HPC-PFC neuronal dynamics from cellular to behavioral levels are not fully understood. The current literature lacks a review that focuses on the main neurotransmitter interactions with HPC-PFC activity. Here we reviewed studies showing the effects of the main neurotransmitter systems in long- and short-term HPC-PFC synaptic plasticity. We also looked for the neuromodulatory effects on HPC-PFC oscillatory coordination. Finally, we review the implications of HPC-PFC disruption in synaptic plasticity and functional connectivity on cognition and neuropsychiatric disorders. The comprehensive overview of these impairments could help better understand the role of neuromodulation in HPC-PFC communication and generate insights into the etiology and physiopathology of clinical conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Naime Ruggiero
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavioral Sciences, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Matheus Teixeira Rossignoli
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavioral Sciences, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Danilo Benette Marques
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavioral Sciences, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Bruno Monteiro de Sousa
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Cleiton Lopes-Aguiar
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - João Pereira Leite
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavioral Sciences, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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Mocellin P, Mikulovic S. The Role of the Medial Septum-Associated Networks in Controlling Locomotion and Motivation to Move. Front Neural Circuits 2021; 15:699798. [PMID: 34366795 PMCID: PMC8340000 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2021.699798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The Medial Septum and diagonal Band of Broca (MSDB) was initially studied for its role in locomotion. However, the last several decades were focussed on its intriguing function in theta rhythm generation. Early studies relied on electrical stimulation, lesions and pharmacological manipulation, and reported an inconclusive picture regarding the role of the MSDB circuits. Recent studies using more specific methodologies have started to elucidate the differential role of the MSDB's specific cell populations in controlling both theta rhythm and behaviour. In particular, a novel theory is emerging showing that different MSDB's cell populations project to different brain regions and control distinct aspects of behaviour. While the majority of these behaviours involve movement, increasing evidence suggests that MSDB-related networks govern the motivational aspect of actions, rather than locomotion per se. Here, we review the literature that links MSDB, theta activity, and locomotion and propose open questions, future directions, and methods that could be employed to elucidate the diverse roles of the MSDB-associated networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Mocellin
- Department of Cellular Neuroscience, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
- International Max Planck Research School for Brain and Behavior, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sanja Mikulovic
- Research Group Cognition and Emotion, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
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A review on α-mangostin as a potential multi-target-directed ligand for Alzheimer's disease. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 897:173950. [PMID: 33607107 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.173950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive memory loss, declining language skills and other cognitive disorders. AD has brought great mental and economic burden to patients, families and society. However due to the complexity of AD's pathology, drugs developed for the treatment of AD often fail in clinical or experimental trials. The main problems of current anti-AD drugs are low efficacy due to mono-target method or side effects, especially high hepatotoxicity. To tackle these two main problems, multi-target-directed ligand (MTDL) based on "one molecule, multiple targets" has been studied. MTDLs can regulate multiple biological targets at the same time, so it has shown higher efficacy, better safety. As a natural active small molecule, α-mangostin (α-M) has shown potential multi-factor anti-AD activities in a series of studies, furthermore it also has a certain hepatoprotective effect. The good availability of α-M also provides support for its application in clinical research. In this work, multiple activities of α-M related to AD therapy were reviewed, which included anti-cholinesterase, anti-amyloid-cascade, anti-inflammation, anti-oxidative stress, low toxicity, hepatoprotective effects and drug formulation. It shows that α-M is a promising candidate for the treatment of AD.
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Pluta R, Januszewski S, Czuczwar SJ. Myricetin as a Promising Molecule for the Treatment of Post-Ischemic Brain Neurodegeneration. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13020342. [PMID: 33498897 PMCID: PMC7911478 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The available drug therapy for post-ischemic neurodegeneration of the brain is symptomatic. This review provides an evaluation of possible dietary therapy for post-ischemic neurodegeneration with myricetin. The purpose of this review was to provide a comprehensive overview of what scientists have done regarding the benefits of myricetin in post-ischemic neurodegeneration. The data in this article contribute to a better understanding of the potential benefits of myricetin in the treatment of post-ischemic brain neurodegeneration, and inform physicians, scientists and patients, as well as their caregivers, about treatment options. Due to the pleiotropic properties of myricetin, including anti-amyloid, anti-phosphorylation of tau protein, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and autophagous, as well as increasing acetylcholine, myricetin is a promising candidate for treatment after ischemia brain neurodegeneration with full-blown dementia. In this way, it may gain interest as a potential substance for the prophylaxis of the development of post-ischemic brain neurodegeneration. It is a safe substance, commercially available, inexpensive and registered as a pro-health product in the US and Europe. Taken together, the evidence available in the review on the therapeutic potential of myricetin provides helpful insight into the potential clinical utility of myricetin in treating neurodegenerative disorders with full-blown dementia. Therefore, myricetin may be a promising complementary agent in the future against the development of post-ischemic brain neurodegeneration. Indeed, there is a scientific rationale for the use of myricetin in the prevention and treatment of brain neurodegeneration caused by ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryszard Pluta
- Laboratory of Ischemic and Neurodegenerative Brain Research, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-22-6086-540/6086-469
| | - Sławomir Januszewski
- Laboratory of Ischemic and Neurodegenerative Brain Research, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland;
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Liu M, Guo H, Li Z, Zhang C, Zhang X, Cui Q, Tian J. Molecular Level Insight Into the Benefit of Myricetin and Dihydromyricetin Uptake in Patients With Alzheimer's Diseases. Front Aging Neurosci 2020; 12:601603. [PMID: 33192493 PMCID: PMC7645199 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.601603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease with a high incidence rate and complicated pathogenesis. Currently, all anti-AD drugs treat the symptoms of the disease, and with currently no cure for AD. Flavonoid containing natural products, Myricetin (MYR) and Dihydromyricetin (DMY), are abundant in fruits and vegetables, and have been approved as food supplements in some countries. Interestingly, MYR and DMY have been reported to have anti-AD effects. However, the underlying anti-AD mechanism of action of MYR and DMY is complex with many facets being identified. In this review, we explore the benefit of MYR and DMY in AD patients from a molecular level. Their mechanism of action are discussed from various aspects including amyloid β-protein (Aβ) imbalance, neuroinflammation, dyshomeostasis of metal ions, autophagy disorder, and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Hong Guo
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhongyuan Li
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Chenghua Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoping Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao, China
| | - Qinghua Cui
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao, China
| | - Jingzhen Tian
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao, China
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15
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Akdag A, Işık M, Göktaş H. Conducting polymer-based electrochemical biosensor for the detection of acetylthiocholine and pesticide via acetylcholinesterase. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2020; 68:1113-1119. [PMID: 32941665 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A voltammetric biosensor for acetylthiocholine (ATCh) and paraoxon detection was successfully developed. To achieve this goal, polypyrrole (PPy) was synthesized onto the platinum (Pt) electrode surface in 0.30 M oxalic acid solution containing 25 mM pyrrole. PPy-coated Pt (Pt/PPy) electrode surface was covered with chitosan (Chi) (Pt/PPy/Chi). The acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzyme was immobilized on the Pt/PPy/Chi electrode surface to build a voltammetric biosensor (Pt/PPy/Chi/AChE). The storage stability of the biosensor was determined to be 72% even after 60 days. The operational stability was determined to be 94% after 20 consecutive measurements. For the biosensor, the linear range was determined to be 30-50 µM for ATCh and 0.46-1.84 nM for paraoxon. The limit of detection (LOD) was determined to be 0.45 µM for ATCh and 0.17 nM for paraoxon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdurrahman Akdag
- Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Vocational School of Health Services, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Mesut Işık
- Department of Pharmacy Services, Vocational School of Health Services, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey.,Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Bilecik Seyh Edebali University, Bilecik, Turkey
| | - Hasan Göktaş
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
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16
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Li Y, Lu H, Xie S, Cong Y, Wang Y, Zhu M, Zhou J. Propane-2-sulfonic acid octadec-9-enyl-amide alleviates scopolamine-induced spatial learning and memory deficits in mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 529:283-288. [PMID: 32703424 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.03.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Our previous reports demonstrated that the novel peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors α and γ (PPARα/γ) dual agonist propane-2-sulfonic acid octadec-9-enyl-amide (N15) alleviates cognitive ability in the chronic phase of ischemic stroke. However, the potential effects of N15 on Alzheimer's disease (AD) animal models have not been elucidated. In the present study, we investigated the effects of N15 on scopolamine-induced cognitive dysfunction and cholinergic system ability. N15 (50, 100 or 200 mg/kg) was administered to mice via oral gavage for 21 days, and spatial cognitive dysfunction was induced via an intraperitoneal injection of scopolamine (4 mg/kg) for 6 days. We found that N15 pretreatment markedly ameliorated scopolamine-induced spatial cognitive impairment and enhanced cholinergic system reactivity in the hippocampus. N15 pretreatment also significantly increased the expression levels of growth-associated protein-43, synaptophysin, brain-derived neurotrophic factor and neurotrophin-3 in the hippocampus. Our data demonstrate that N15 has an anti-amnesic effect, which may be mediated by enhancing cholinergic activity and synaptic plasticity. These findings support N15 as a potent neuropharmacological drug against AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, 361023, China
| | - Huahui Lu
- The Fifth Hospital of Xiamen, Xiamen, Fujian, 361101, China
| | - Shangjin Xie
- Xiamen University Hospital, Xiamen, 361105, China
| | - Ying Cong
- Pharmacy Department, Weihai Central Hospital, Weihai, 264400, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, 361023, China
| | - Maoshu Zhu
- The Fifth Hospital of Xiamen, Xiamen, Fujian, 361101, China.
| | - Juan Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361101, China.
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Chrna5 is Essential for a Rapid and Protected Response to Optogenetic Release of Endogenous Acetylcholine in Prefrontal Cortex. J Neurosci 2020; 40:7255-7268. [PMID: 32817066 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1128-20.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Optimal attention performance requires cholinergic modulation of corticothalamic neurons in the prefrontal cortex. These pyramidal cells express specialized nicotinic acetylcholine receptors containing the α5 subunit encoded by Chrna5 Disruption of this gene impairs attention, but the advantage α5 confers on endogenous cholinergic signaling is unknown. To ascertain this underlying mechanism, we used optogenetics to stimulate cholinergic afferents in prefrontal cortex brain slices from compound-transgenic wild-type and Chrna5 knock-out mice of both sexes. These electrophysiological experiments identify that Chrna5 is critical for the rapid onset of the postsynaptic cholinergic response. Loss of α5 slows cholinergic excitation and delays its peak, and these effects are observed in two different optogenetic mouse lines. Disruption of Chrna5 does not otherwise perturb the magnitude of the response, which remains strongly mediated by nicotinic receptors and tightly controlled by autoinhibition via muscarinic M2 receptors. However, when conditions are altered to promote sustained cholinergic receptor stimulation, it becomes evident that α5 also works to protect nicotinic responses against desensitization. Rescuing Chrna5 disruption thus presents the double challenge of improving the onset of nicotinic signaling without triggering desensitization. Here, we identify that an agonist for the unorthodox α-α nicotinic binding site can allosterically enhance the cholinergic pathway considered vital for attention. Treatment with NS9283 restores the rapid onset of the postsynaptic cholinergic response without triggering desensitization. Together, this work demonstrates the advantages of speed and resilience that Chrna5 confers on endogenous cholinergic signaling, defining a critical window of interest for cue detection and attentional processing.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The α5 nicotinic receptor subunit (Chrna5) is important for attention, but its advantage in detecting endogenous cholinergic signals is unknown. Here, we show that α5 subunits permit rapid cholinergic responses in prefrontal cortex and protect these responses from desensitization. Our findings clarify why Chrna5 is required for optimal attentional performance under demanding conditions. To treat the deficit arising from Chrna5 disruption without triggering desensitization, we enhanced nicotinic receptor affinity using NS9283 stimulation at the unorthodox α-α nicotinic binding site. This approach successfully restored the rapid-onset kinetics of endogenous cholinergic neurotransmission. In summary, we reveal a previously unknown role of Chrna5 as well as an effective approach to compensate for genetic disruption and permit fast cholinergic excitation of prefrontal attention circuits.
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Walker LC, Lawrence AJ. Allosteric modulation of muscarinic receptors in alcohol and substance use disorders. FROM STRUCTURE TO CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT: ALLOSTERIC MODULATION OF G PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTORS 2020; 88:233-275. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2020.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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19
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Switching Operation Modes in the Neocortex via Cholinergic Neuromodulation. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 57:139-149. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-019-01764-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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20
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Basaure P, Guardia-Escote L, Biosca-Brull J, Blanco J, Cabré M, Peris-Sampedro F, Sánchez-Santed F, Domingo JL, Colomina MT. Exposure to chlorpyrifos at different ages triggers APOE genotype-specific responses in social behavior, body weight and hypothalamic gene expression. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 178:108684. [PMID: 31472362 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
To date, we have shown that apolipoprotein E (APOE) polymorphisms differentially modulate the neurobehavioral and metabolic effects of chlorpyrifos (CPF), a widely used pesticide, which is detected as residue in food. We previously reported that, after being exposed to CPF, APOE3 subjects exhibit metabolic dysfunctions while APOE4 subjects undergo changes in behavior. In the current study, we investigated the effects of a double exposure to CPF on social behavior and hypothalamic gene expression in apoE-targeted replacement (TR) mice. Male apoE3-and apoE4-TR mice were exposed to CPF at 0 or 1 mg/kg/day on postnatal days 10-15 and then, during adulthood (5 months of age), fed a CPF-supplemented diet (0 or 2 mg/kg/day) for 15 days. During adult exposure to CPF, body weight gain and food intake were monitored. At the end of the adult exposure period, we evaluated social behavior in a three-chamber test, as well as mRNA levels of hypothalamic neuropeptides and receptors related to social behavior and feeding control. Adult CPF exposure increased food intake in general, but only apoE4 mice increased their body weight. Postnatal CPF exposure improved preference for the social contexts in apoE4 mice while adult CPF exposure did the same in apoE3 mice. Anorexigenic-peptide and social-related behavior gene expression decreased as a result of adult CPF exposure in apoE4 mice, and neuropeptide Y was more expressed in apoE4 mice. These results indicate that CPF exposure produces orexigenic and metabolic effects and enlarges individual differences in social behavior, especially in apoE3 mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia Basaure
- Research in Neurobehavior and Health (NEUROLAB), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain; Department of Psychology and Research Center for Behavior Assessment (CRAMC), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain; Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Laia Guardia-Escote
- Research in Neurobehavior and Health (NEUROLAB), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain; Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Judit Biosca-Brull
- Research in Neurobehavior and Health (NEUROLAB), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain; Department of Psychology and Research Center for Behavior Assessment (CRAMC), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain; Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Jordi Blanco
- Research in Neurobehavior and Health (NEUROLAB), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain; Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Maria Cabré
- Research in Neurobehavior and Health (NEUROLAB), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Fiona Peris-Sampedro
- Research in Neurobehavior and Health (NEUROLAB), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain; Department of Physiology/Endocrinology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - José L Domingo
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Maria Teresa Colomina
- Research in Neurobehavior and Health (NEUROLAB), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain; Department of Psychology and Research Center for Behavior Assessment (CRAMC), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain; Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.
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Molecular imaging identifies age-related attenuation of acetylcholine in retrosplenial cortex in response to acetylcholinesterase inhibition. Neuropsychopharmacology 2019; 44:2091-2098. [PMID: 31009936 PMCID: PMC6887892 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-019-0397-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The neurotransmitter of the cholinergic system, acetylcholine plays a major role in the brain's cognitive function and is involved in neurodegenerative disorders. Here, we present age-related alterations of acetylcholine levels after administration of the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor drug tacrine in normal mice. Using a quantitative, robust and molecular-specific mass spectrometry imaging method we found that tacrine administration significantly raised acetylcholine levels in most areas of sectioned mice brains, inter alia the striatum, hippocampus and cortical areas. However, acetylcholine levels in retrosplenial cortex were significantly lower in 14-month-old than in 12-week-old animals following its administration, indicating that normal aging affects the cholinergic system's responsivity. This small brain region is interconnected with an array of brain networks and is involved in numerous cognitive tasks. Simultaneous visualization of distributions of tacrine and its hydroxylated metabolites in the brain revealed a significant decrease in levels of the metabolites in the 14-month-old mice. The results highlight strengths of the imaging technique to simultaneously investigate multiple molecular species and the drug-target effects in specific regions of the brain. The proposed approach has high potential in studies of neuropathological conditions and responses to neuroactive treatments.
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Yu J, Hu H, Agmon A, Svoboda K. Recruitment of GABAergic Interneurons in the Barrel Cortex during Active Tactile Behavior. Neuron 2019; 104:412-427.e4. [PMID: 31466734 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2019.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Neural computation involves diverse types of GABAergic inhibitory interneurons that are integrated with excitatory (E) neurons into precisely structured circuits. To understand how each neuron type shapes sensory representations, we measured firing patterns of defined types of neurons in the barrel cortex while mice performed an active, whisker-dependent object localization task. Touch excited fast-spiking (FS) interneurons at short latency, followed by activation of E neurons and somatostatin-expressing (SST) interneurons. Touch only weakly modulated vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-expressing (VIP) interneurons. Voluntary whisker movement activated FS neurons in the ventral posteromedial nucleus (VPM) target layers, a subset of SST neurons and a majority of VIP neurons. Together, FS neurons track thalamic input, mediating feedforward inhibition. SST neurons monitor local excitation, providing feedback inhibition. VIP neurons are activated by non-sensory inputs, disinhibiting E and FS neurons. Our data reveal rules of recruitment for interneuron types during behavior, providing foundations for understanding computation in cortical microcircuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianing Yu
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI), Ashburn, VA 20147, USA.
| | - Hang Hu
- Department of Neuroscience, West Virginia University School of Medicine and Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Ariel Agmon
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI), Ashburn, VA 20147, USA; Department of Neuroscience, West Virginia University School of Medicine and Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Karel Svoboda
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI), Ashburn, VA 20147, USA.
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23
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Capriello T, Grimaldi MC, Cofone R, D'Aniello S, Ferrandino I. Effects of aluminium and cadmium on hatching and swimming ability in developing zebrafish. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 222:243-249. [PMID: 30708158 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.01.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Aluminium and cadmium are biologically non-essential metals with a role in neurodegenerative and neuromuscular diseases. As an attractive model for neurobehavioural studies, zebrafish at 6 h post fertilization were exposed to 9, 18, 36 and 72 μM CdCl2 and 50, 100 and 200 μM AlCl3, respectively, for 72 h, and motility such as distance moved, mean velocity, cumulative movement, meander and heading were measured by DanioVision equipment. The hatching time was also analysed. A delay in the exit from the chorion was observed in all treated larvae with respect to the controls. CdCl2 acted on the exit from the chorion of larvae with a dose-dependent delay. By contrast, the delay caused by AlCl3 was greater at low concentrations. A dose-dependent reduction in swimming performance was observed in the larvae exposed to CdCl2. Instead, for those exposed to AlCl3, swimming performance improved at higher concentrations although values were in general lower than those of control. All the parameters had a similar trend except the meander parameter which showed a dose-dependent reduction. These data show that cadmium and aluminium can delay hatching and alter swimming ability in the early developmental stages of zebrafish, albeit with different effects, suggesting that exposure to sublethal concentrations of both metals can change behavioural parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Capriello
- Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.
| | | | - Rita Cofone
- Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.
| | - Salvatore D'Aniello
- Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121, Naples, Italy.
| | - Ida Ferrandino
- Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.
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Xu X, Fan S, Guo Y, Tan R, Zhang J, Zhang W, Pan BX, Kato N. The effects of perinatal bisphenol A exposure on thyroid hormone homeostasis and glucose metabolism in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus of rats. Brain Behav 2019; 9:e01225. [PMID: 30761779 PMCID: PMC6422808 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine disruptor widely used to manufacture consumer goods. Although the thyroid hormone (TH) disrupting potential of BPA has been thought to be responsible for the neuropsychiatric deficits in the animals that experienced perinatal BPA exposure, the TH availability change at the level of specific brain structures has not been subject to systematic investigation. METHODS In the present study the impacts of perinatal BPA exposure (0.1 mg/L in drinking water) spanning gestation and lactation on TH homeostasis in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus were assessed in male Sprague-Dawley rats at postnatal day 21 (PND21) and PND90. As TH regulates brain glucose metabolism at multiple levels,the effects of BPA treatment on glucose metabolism in the brain tissues were also assessed in adult rats. RESULTS The results showed heterogeneous changes in TH concentration induced by BPA between serum and brain tissues, additionally, in the BPA-treated pups, up-regulated expression of the TH transporter monocarboxylate 8 mRNA at PND21 and increased type 3 iodothyronine deiodinase mRNA expressions at PND21 and PND90 were observed. Meanwhile, decreased glucose metabolism was seen in the PFC and hippocampus, while deficits in locomotor activity, spatial memory and social behaviors occurred in BPA-treated groups. CONCLUSION These data support the concept that the developing brain possesses potent mechanisms to compensate for a small reduction in serum TH, such as serum hypothyrodism induced by BPA exposure, however, the long-term negative effect of BPA treatment on TH homeostasis and glucose metabolism may be attributable to neuropsychiatric deficits after mature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobin Xu
- Laboratory of Fear and Anxiety Disorders, Institute of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Shijun Fan
- Laboratory of Fear and Anxiety Disorders, Institute of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yuanqiao Guo
- School of Statistics, University of International Business and Economics, Beijing, China
| | - Ruei Tan
- Tan Clinic, Tokyo, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Junyu Zhang
- Laboratory of Fear and Anxiety Disorders, Institute of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Wenhua Zhang
- Laboratory of Fear and Anxiety Disorders, Institute of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Bing-Xing Pan
- Laboratory of Fear and Anxiety Disorders, Institute of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Nobumasa Kato
- Medical Institute of Developmental Disorders Research, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
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25
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Wang AL, Chao OY, Yang YM, Trossbach SV, Müller CP, Korth C, Huston JP, de Souza Silva MA. Anxiogenic-like behavior and deficient attention/working memory in rats expressing the human DISC1 gene. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2019; 179:73-79. [PMID: 30779934 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2019.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
In humans, mutations in the Disrupted-in-schizophrenia 1 (DISC1) gene have been related to psychiatric disorders, including symptoms of abnormal cognitive and emotional behaviors. In our previous studies, overexpression of the human DISC1 gene in rats resulted in schizophrenia-like phenotypes showing deficits in motor learning, impaired cognitive function and dysfunctions of the dopamine system. Here we asked, whether the DISC1 overexpression affects locomotor activity in the open field (OF), anxiety in the elevated plus-maze (EPM), depression-related behavior in the forced swim test (FST), and attention-like/short-term working-memory in the spontaneous alternation behavior (SAB) in the T-maze in transgenic DISC1 (tgDISC1) rats and littermate controls (WT). TgDISC1 rats showed enhanced anxiety behavior in the EPM and an impairment in attention-like/short-term working-memory in the SAB. However, tgDISC1 animals showed no locomotor impairments or depression-like behavior in the OF and FST. These results suggest that DISC1 overexpression leads to higher anxiety level and an attention-like/working-memory deficit. These findings may expand the causal role of DISC1 in its contribution to multiple symptom dimensions of psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- An-Li Wang
- Center for Behavioral Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Psychology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Owen Y Chao
- Center for Behavioral Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Psychology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Duluth, MN, USA.
| | - Yi-Mei Yang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Duluth, MN, USA.
| | - Svenja V Trossbach
- Department Neuropathology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Christian P Müller
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Schwabachanlage 6, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Carsten Korth
- Department Neuropathology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Joseph P Huston
- Center for Behavioral Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Psychology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Maria Angelica de Souza Silva
- Center for Behavioral Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Psychology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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Yang D, Günter R, Qi G, Radnikow G, Feldmeyer D. Muscarinic and Nicotinic Modulation of Neocortical Layer 6A Synaptic Microcircuits Is Cooperative and Cell-Specific. Cereb Cortex 2019; 30:3528-3542. [PMID: 32026946 PMCID: PMC7233001 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhz324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Acetylcholine (ACh) is known to regulate cortical activity during different behavioral states, for example, wakefulness and attention. Here we show a differential expression of muscarinic ACh receptors (mAChRs) and nicotinic ACh receptors (nAChRs) in different layer 6A (L6A) pyramidal cell (PC) types of somatosensory cortex. At low concentrations, ACh induced a persistent hyperpolarization in corticocortical (CC) but a depolarization in corticothalamic (CT) L6A PCs via M 4 and M1 mAChRs, respectively. At ~ 1 mM, ACh depolarized exclusively CT PCs via α4β2 subunit-containing nAChRs without affecting CC PCs. Miniature EPSC frequency in CC PCs was decreased by ACh but increased in CT PCs. In synaptic connections with a presynaptic CC PC, glutamate release was suppressed via M4 mAChR activation but enhanced by nAChRs via α4β2 nAChRs when the presynaptic neuron was a CT PC. Thus, in L6A, the interaction of mAChRs and nAChRs results in an altered excitability and synaptic release, effectively strengthening CT output while weakening CC synaptic signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danqing Yang
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-10), Function of Neuronal Microcircuits, Research Centre Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Robert Günter
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-10), Function of Neuronal Microcircuits, Research Centre Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Guanxiao Qi
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-10), Function of Neuronal Microcircuits, Research Centre Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Gabriele Radnikow
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-10), Function of Neuronal Microcircuits, Research Centre Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Dirk Feldmeyer
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-10), Function of Neuronal Microcircuits, Research Centre Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, RWTH Aachen University, D-52074 Aachen, Germany.,Jülich Aachen Research Alliance, Translational Brain Medicine (JARA Brain), D-52074 Aachen, Germany
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Learning, memory and the expression of cholinergic components in mice are modulated by the pesticide chlorpyrifos depending upon age at exposure and apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype. Arch Toxicol 2019; 93:693-707. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-019-02387-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Xu H, Baracskay P, O'Neill J, Csicsvari J. Assembly Responses of Hippocampal CA1 Place Cells Predict Learned Behavior in Goal-Directed Spatial Tasks on the Radial Eight-Arm Maze. Neuron 2018; 101:119-132.e4. [PMID: 30503645 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2018.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Hippocampus is needed for both spatial working and reference memories. Here, using a radial eight-arm maze, we examined how the combined demand on these memories influenced CA1 place cell assemblies while reference memories were partially updated. This was contrasted with control tasks requiring only working memory or the update of reference memory. Reference memory update led to the reward-directed place field shifts at newly rewarded arms and to the gradual strengthening of firing in passes between newly rewarded arms but not between those passes that included a familiar-rewarded arm. At the maze center, transient network synchronization periods preferentially replayed trajectories of the next chosen arm in reference memory tasks but the previously visited arm in the working memory task. Hence, reference memory demand was uniquely associated with a gradual, goal novelty-related reorganization of place cell assemblies and with trajectory replay that reflected the animal's decision of which arm to visit next.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibing Xu
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (IST Austria), Am Campus 1, Klosterneuburg 3400, Austria
| | - Peter Baracskay
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (IST Austria), Am Campus 1, Klosterneuburg 3400, Austria
| | - Joseph O'Neill
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (IST Austria), Am Campus 1, Klosterneuburg 3400, Austria.
| | - Jozsef Csicsvari
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (IST Austria), Am Campus 1, Klosterneuburg 3400, Austria.
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29
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Rutin attenuates neurobehavioral deficits, oxidative stress, neuro-inflammation and apoptosis in fluoride treated rats. Neurosci Lett 2018; 682:92-99. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2018.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Revised: 05/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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30
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Zannone S, Brzosko Z, Paulsen O, Clopath C. Acetylcholine-modulated plasticity in reward-driven navigation: a computational study. Sci Rep 2018; 8:9486. [PMID: 29930322 PMCID: PMC6013476 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-27393-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuromodulation plays a fundamental role in the acquisition of new behaviours. In previous experimental work, we showed that acetylcholine biases hippocampal synaptic plasticity towards depression, and the subsequent application of dopamine can retroactively convert depression into potentiation. We also demonstrated that incorporating this sequentially neuromodulated Spike-Timing-Dependent Plasticity (STDP) rule in a network model of navigation yields effective learning of changing reward locations. Here, we employ computational modelling to further characterize the effects of cholinergic depression on behaviour. We find that acetylcholine, by allowing learning from negative outcomes, enhances exploration over the action space. We show that this results in a variety of effects, depending on the structure of the model, the environment and the task. Interestingly, sequentially neuromodulated STDP also yields flexible learning, surpassing the performance of other reward-modulated plasticity rules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Zannone
- Imperial College London, Department of Bioengineering, South Kensington Campus, London, United Kingdom
| | - Zuzanna Brzosko
- University of Cambridge, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, Physiological Laboratory, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ole Paulsen
- University of Cambridge, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, Physiological Laboratory, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Claudia Clopath
- Imperial College London, Department of Bioengineering, South Kensington Campus, London, United Kingdom.
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31
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Zhou J, Yang WS, Suo DQ, Li Y, Peng L, Xu LX, Zeng KY, Ren T, Wang Y, Zhou Y, Zhao Y, Yang LC, Jin X. Moringa oleifera Seed Extract Alleviates Scopolamine-Induced Learning and Memory Impairment in Mice. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:389. [PMID: 29740317 PMCID: PMC5928465 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The extract of Moringa oleifera seeds has been shown to possess various pharmacological properties. In the present study, we assessed the neuropharmacological effects of 70% ethanolic M. oleifera seed extract (MSE) on cognitive impairment caused by scopolamine injection in mice using the passive avoidance and Morris water maze (MWM) tests. MSE (250 or 500 mg/kg) was administered to mice by oral gavage for 7 or 14 days, and cognitive impairment was induced by intraperitoneal injection of scopolamine (4 mg/kg) for 1 or 6 days. Mice that received scopolamine alone showed impaired learning and memory retention and considerably decreased cholinergic system reactivity and neurogenesis in the hippocampus. MSE pretreatment significantly ameliorated scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment and enhanced cholinergic system reactivity and neurogenesis in the hippocampus. Additionally, the protein expressions of phosphorylated Akt, ERK1/2, and CREB in the hippocampus were significantly decreased by scopolamine, but these decreases were reversed by MSE treatment. These results suggest that MSE-induced ameliorative cognitive effects are mediated by enhancement of the cholinergic neurotransmission system and neurogenesis via activation of the Akt, ERK1/2, and CREB signaling pathways. These findings suggest that MSE could be a potent neuropharmacological drug against amnesia, and its mechanism might be modulation of cholinergic activity via the Akt, ERK1/2, and CREB signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Wu-Shuang Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiamen Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiamen, China
| | - Da-Qin Suo
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Chiral Drugs, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Lu Peng
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Chiral Drugs, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Lan-Xi Xu
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Chiral Drugs, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Kai-Yue Zeng
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Chiral Drugs, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Tong Ren
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Chiral Drugs, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Chiral Drugs, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yun Zhao
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Chiral Drugs, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Li-Chao Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Xiamen Key Laboratory of Chiral Drugs, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xin Jin
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Chiral Drugs, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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Mechanisms of motor learning mediated by synaptic plasticity in rat primary motor cortex. Neurosci Res 2018; 128:14-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2017.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2017] [Revised: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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33
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Teles-Grilo Ruivo LM, Baker KL, Conway MW, Kinsley PJ, Gilmour G, Phillips KG, Isaac JTR, Lowry JP, Mellor JR. Coordinated Acetylcholine Release in Prefrontal Cortex and Hippocampus Is Associated with Arousal and Reward on Distinct Timescales. Cell Rep 2017; 18:905-917. [PMID: 28122241 PMCID: PMC5289927 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.12.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 11/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholinergic neurotransmission throughout the neocortex and hippocampus regulates arousal, learning, and attention. However, owing to the poorly characterized timing and location of acetylcholine release, its detailed behavioral functions remain unclear. Using electrochemical biosensors chronically implanted in mice, we made continuous measurements of the spatiotemporal dynamics of acetylcholine release across multiple behavioral states. We found that tonic levels of acetylcholine release were coordinated between the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus and maximal during training on a rewarded working memory task. Tonic release also increased during REM sleep but was contingent on subsequent wakefulness. In contrast, coordinated phasic acetylcholine release occurred only during the memory task and was strongly localized to reward delivery areas without being contingent on trial outcome. These results show that coordinated acetylcholine release between the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus is associated with reward and arousal on distinct timescales, providing dual mechanisms to support learned behavior acquisition during cognitive task performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonor M Teles-Grilo Ruivo
- Lilly Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Eli Lilly and Company Ltd., Erl Wood Manor, Windlesham, Surrey GU20 6PH, UK; Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Keeley L Baker
- Department of Chemistry, Maynooth University, Co. Kildare, Ireland
| | - Michael W Conway
- Lilly Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Eli Lilly and Company Ltd., Erl Wood Manor, Windlesham, Surrey GU20 6PH, UK
| | - Peter J Kinsley
- Lilly Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Eli Lilly and Company Ltd., Erl Wood Manor, Windlesham, Surrey GU20 6PH, UK
| | - Gary Gilmour
- Lilly Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Eli Lilly and Company Ltd., Erl Wood Manor, Windlesham, Surrey GU20 6PH, UK
| | - Keith G Phillips
- Lilly Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Eli Lilly and Company Ltd., Erl Wood Manor, Windlesham, Surrey GU20 6PH, UK
| | - John T R Isaac
- Lilly Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Eli Lilly and Company Ltd., Erl Wood Manor, Windlesham, Surrey GU20 6PH, UK
| | - John P Lowry
- Department of Chemistry, Maynooth University, Co. Kildare, Ireland.
| | - Jack R Mellor
- Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK.
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Yiannakas A, Rosenblum K. The Insula and Taste Learning. Front Mol Neurosci 2017; 10:335. [PMID: 29163022 PMCID: PMC5676397 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The sense of taste is a key component of the sensory machinery, enabling the evaluation of both the safety as well as forming associations regarding the nutritional value of ingestible substances. Indicative of the salience of the modality, taste conditioning can be achieved in rodents upon a single pairing of a tastant with a chemical stimulus inducing malaise. This robust associative learning paradigm has been heavily linked with activity within the insular cortex (IC), among other regions, such as the amygdala and medial prefrontal cortex. A number of studies have demonstrated taste memory formation to be dependent on protein synthesis at the IC and to correlate with the induction of signaling cascades involved in synaptic plasticity. Taste learning has been shown to require the differential involvement of dopaminergic GABAergic, glutamatergic, muscarinic neurotransmission across an extended taste learning circuit. The subsequent activation of downstream protein kinases (ERK, CaMKII), transcription factors (CREB, Elk-1) and immediate early genes (c-fos, Arc), has been implicated in the regulation of the different phases of taste learning. This review discusses the relevant neurotransmission, molecular signaling pathways and genetic markers involved in novel and aversive taste learning, with a particular focus on the IC. Imaging and other studies in humans have implicated the IC in the pathophysiology of a number of cognitive disorders. We conclude that the IC participates in circuit-wide computations that modulate the interception and encoding of sensory information, as well as the formation of subjective internal representations that control the expression of motivated behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adonis Yiannakas
- Sagol Department of Neuroscience, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Kobi Rosenblum
- Sagol Department of Neuroscience, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
- Center for Gene Manipulation in the Brain, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
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35
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Sohya K, O'Hashi K, Toma H, Kunugi H. Different effects of rotigotine and ropinirole on cholinergic transmission in the mouse medial prefrontal cortex. Psychogeriatrics 2017; 17:502-503. [PMID: 28425644 DOI: 10.1111/psyg.12254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Sohya
- Department of Mental Disorder Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazunori O'Hashi
- Department of Mental Disorder Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideki Toma
- Department of Mental Disorder Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kunugi
- Department of Mental Disorder Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
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36
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Panayi F, Sors A, Bert L, Martin B, Rollin-Jego G, Billiras R, Carrié I, Albinet K, Danober L, Rogez N, Thomas JY, Pira L, Bertaina-Anglade V, Lestage P. In vivo pharmacological profile of S 38093, a novel histamine H3 receptor inverse agonist. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 803:1-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Revised: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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37
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Llopis-Lorente A, Díez P, de la Torre C, Sánchez A, Sancenón F, Aznar E, Marcos MD, Martínez-Ruíz P, Martínez-Máñez R, Villalonga R. Enzyme-Controlled Nanodevice for Acetylcholine-Triggered Cargo Delivery Based on Janus Au-Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles. Chemistry 2017; 23:4276-4281. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201700603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antoni Llopis-Lorente
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universidat Politécnica de Valencia; Universitat de Valencia; Spain
- Departamento de Química; Universidad Politécnica de Valencia; Camino de Vera s/n 46022 Valencia Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN); Spain
| | - Paula Díez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid; 28040 Madrid Spain
| | - Cristina de la Torre
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universidat Politécnica de Valencia; Universitat de Valencia; Spain
- Departamento de Química; Universidad Politécnica de Valencia; Camino de Vera s/n 46022 Valencia Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN); Spain
| | - Alfredo Sánchez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid; 28040 Madrid Spain
- IMDEA Nanoscience Cantoblanco University City; 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Félix Sancenón
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universidat Politécnica de Valencia; Universitat de Valencia; Spain
- Departamento de Química; Universidad Politécnica de Valencia; Camino de Vera s/n 46022 Valencia Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN); Spain
| | - Elena Aznar
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universidat Politécnica de Valencia; Universitat de Valencia; Spain
- Departamento de Química; Universidad Politécnica de Valencia; Camino de Vera s/n 46022 Valencia Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN); Spain
| | - María D. Marcos
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universidat Politécnica de Valencia; Universitat de Valencia; Spain
- Departamento de Química; Universidad Politécnica de Valencia; Camino de Vera s/n 46022 Valencia Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN); Spain
| | - Paloma Martínez-Ruíz
- Department of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Chemistry; Complutense University of Madrid; 28040 Madrid Spain
| | - Ramón Martínez-Máñez
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universidat Politécnica de Valencia; Universitat de Valencia; Spain
- Departamento de Química; Universidad Politécnica de Valencia; Camino de Vera s/n 46022 Valencia Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN); Spain
| | - Reynaldo Villalonga
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid; 28040 Madrid Spain
- IMDEA Nanoscience Cantoblanco University City; 28049 Madrid Spain
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Goyer D, Kurth S, Gillet C, Keine C, Rübsamen R, Kuenzel T. Slow Cholinergic Modulation of Spike Probability in Ultra-Fast Time-Coding Sensory Neurons. eNeuro 2016; 3:ENEURO.0186-16.2016. [PMID: 27699207 PMCID: PMC5035776 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0186-16.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Sensory processing in the lower auditory pathway is generally considered to be rigid and thus less subject to modulation than central processing. However, in addition to the powerful bottom-up excitation by auditory nerve fibers, the ventral cochlear nucleus also receives efferent cholinergic innervation from both auditory and nonauditory top-down sources. We thus tested the influence of cholinergic modulation on highly precise time-coding neurons in the cochlear nucleus of the Mongolian gerbil. By combining electrophysiological recordings with pharmacological application in vitro and in vivo, we found 55-72% of spherical bushy cells (SBCs) to be depolarized by carbachol on two time scales, ranging from hundreds of milliseconds to minutes. These effects were mediated by nicotinic and muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, respectively. Pharmacological block of muscarinic receptors hyperpolarized the resting membrane potential, suggesting a novel mechanism of setting the resting membrane potential for SBC. The cholinergic depolarization led to an increase of spike probability in SBCs without compromising the temporal precision of the SBC output in vitro. In vivo, iontophoretic application of carbachol resulted in an increase in spontaneous SBC activity. The inclusion of cholinergic modulation in an SBC model predicted an expansion of the dynamic range of sound responses and increased temporal acuity. Our results thus suggest of a top-down modulatory system mediated by acetylcholine which influences temporally precise information processing in the lower auditory pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Goyer
- Institute for Biology II, Department of Zoology/Animal Physiology, RWTH Aachen University, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Stefanie Kurth
- Institute for Biology II, Department of Zoology/Animal Physiology, RWTH Aachen University, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Charlène Gillet
- Institute for Biology II, Department of Zoology/Animal Physiology, RWTH Aachen University, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Christian Keine
- Institute of Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Pharmacy and Psychology, University of Leipzig, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Rudolf Rübsamen
- Institute of Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Pharmacy and Psychology, University of Leipzig, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thomas Kuenzel
- Institute for Biology II, Department of Zoology/Animal Physiology, RWTH Aachen University, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
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“Heart-cut” bidimensional achiral-chiral liquid chromatography applied to the evaluation of stereoselective metabolism, in vivo biological activity and brain response to chiral drug candidates targeting the central nervous system. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1443:152-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Revised: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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40
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Hu Y, Chen J, Fan H, Xie P, He J. A review of neurotoxicity of microcystins. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:7211-7219. [PMID: 26857003 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6073-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacterial blooms-produced microcystins are secondary metabolites which can accumulate in the food chain and contaminate water, thus posing a potential threat to the health of aquatic animals and even humans. Microcystin toxicity affects not only the liver but also the other organs, i.e., the brain. The serious neurotoxicity effects caused by microcystins then lead to various symptoms. This review focuses on the neurotoxicity of microcystins. Microcystins can cross blood-brain barrier with the transport of Oatps/OATPs, causing neurostructural, functional, and behavioral changes. In this review, potential uptake mechanisms and neurotoxicity mechanisms are summarized, including neurotransmissions, neurochannels, signal transduction, oxidative stress, and cytoskeleton disruption. However, further researches are needed for detailed studies on signaling pathways and the downstream pathways of neurotoxicity of microcystins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Hu
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.7 Donghu South Road, Wuhan, 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.7 Donghu South Road, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Huihui Fan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ping Xie
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.7 Donghu South Road, Wuhan, 430072, China.
| | - Jun He
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.7 Donghu South Road, Wuhan, 430072, China
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Citti C, Battisti UM, Cannazza G, Jozwiak K, Stasiak N, Puja G, Ravazzini F, Ciccarella G, Braghiroli D, Parenti C, Troisi L, Zoli M. 7-Chloro-5-(furan-3-yl)-3-methyl-4H-benzo[e][1,2,4]thiadiazine 1,1-Dioxide as Positive Allosteric Modulator of α-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid (AMPA) Receptor. The End of the Unsaturated-Inactive Paradigm? ACS Chem Neurosci 2016; 7:149-60. [PMID: 26580317 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.5b00257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
5-Arylbenzothiadiazine type compounds acting as positive allosteric modulators of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPA-PAMs) have received particular attention in the past decade for their nootropic activity and lack of the excitotoxic side effects of direct agonists. Recently, our research group has published the synthesis and biological activity of 7-chloro-5-(3-furanyl)-3-methyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide (1), one of the most active benzothiadiazine-derived AMPA-PAMs in vitro to date. However, 1 exists as two stereolabile enantiomers, which rapidly racemize in physiological conditions, and only one isomer is responsible for the pharmacological activity. In the present work, experiments carried out with rat liver microsomes show that 1 is converted by hepatic cytochrome P450 to the corresponding unsaturated derivative 2 and to the corresponding pharmacologically inactive benzenesulfonamide 3. Surprisingly, patch-clamp experiments reveal that 2 displays an activity comparable to that of the parent compound. Molecular modeling studies were performed to rationalize these results. Furthermore, mice cerebral microdialysis studies suggest that 2 is able to cross the blood-brain barrier and increases acetylcholine and serotonin levels in the hippocampus. The experimental data disclose that the achiral hepatic metabolite 2 possesses the same pharmacological activity of its parent compound 1 but with an enhanced chemical and stereochemical stability, as well as an improved pharmacokinetic profile compared with 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Citti
- Dipartimento
di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali, Università del Salento, Via per Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
- CNR
NANOTEC, Campus Ecoteckne dell’Università del Salento, Via per
Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Umberto M. Battisti
- Dipartimento
di Scienze della Vita, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Giuseppe Cannazza
- CNR
NANOTEC, Campus Ecoteckne dell’Università del Salento, Via per
Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
- Dipartimento
di Scienze della Vita, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Krzysztof Jozwiak
- Laboratory
of Biopharmacy, Department of Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, ul. W. Chodzki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Natalia Stasiak
- Dipartimento
di Scienze della Vita, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Giulia Puja
- Dipartimento
di Scienze della Vita, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Federica Ravazzini
- Dipartimento
di Scienze della Vita, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ciccarella
- Dipartimento
di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali, Università del Salento, Via per Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
- CNR
NANOTEC, Campus Ecoteckne dell’Università del Salento, Via per
Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Daniela Braghiroli
- Dipartimento
di Scienze della Vita, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Carlo Parenti
- Dipartimento
di Scienze della Vita, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Luigino Troisi
- Dipartimento
di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali, Università del Salento, Via per Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Michele Zoli
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Biomediche, Metaboliche e Neuroscienze, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 287, 41125 Modena, Italy
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Hall JM, Savage LM. Exercise leads to the re-emergence of the cholinergic/nestin neuronal phenotype within the medial septum/diagonal band and subsequent rescue of both hippocampal ACh efflux and spatial behavior. Exp Neurol 2016; 278:62-75. [PMID: 26836322 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2016.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Revised: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Exercise has been shown to improve cognitive functioning in a range of species, presumably through an increase in neurotrophins throughout the brain, but in particular the hippocampus. The current study assessed the ability of exercise to restore septohippocampal cholinergic functioning in the pyrithiamine-induced thiamine deficiency (PTD) rat model of the amnestic disorder Korsakoff Syndrome. After voluntary wheel running or sedentary control conditions (stationary wheel attached to the home cage), PTD and control rats were behaviorally tested with concurrent in vivo microdialysis, at one of two time points: 24-h or 2-weeks post-exercise. It was found that only after the 2-week adaption period did exercise lead to an interrelated sequence of events in PTD rats that included: (1) restored spatial working memory; (2) rescued behaviorally-stimulated hippocampal acetylcholine efflux; and (3) within the medial septum/diagonal band, the re-emergence of the cholinergic (choline acetyltransferase [ChAT+]) phenotype, with the greatest change occurring in the ChAT+/nestin+ neurons. Furthermore, in control rats, exercise followed by a 2-week adaption period improved hippocampal acetylcholine efflux and increased the number of neurons co-expressing the ChAT and nestin phenotype. These findings demonstrate a novel mechanism by which exercise can modulate the mature cholinergic/nestin neuronal phenotype leading to improved neurotransmitter function as well as enhanced learning and memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph M Hall
- Department of Psychology, Behavioral Neuroscience Program, Binghamton University, State University of New York, United States
| | - Lisa M Savage
- Department of Psychology, Behavioral Neuroscience Program, Binghamton University, State University of New York, United States.
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Hotta H. Neurogenic control of parenchymal arterioles in the cerebral cortex. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2016; 225:3-39. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Haverroth GMB, Welang C, Mocelin RN, Postay D, Bertoncello KT, Franscescon F, Rosemberg DB, Dal Magro J, Dalla Corte CL. Copper acutely impairs behavioral function and muscle acetylcholinesterase activity in zebrafish (Danio rerio). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2015; 122:440-447. [PMID: 26386335 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Revised: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Copper is a heavy metal found at relatively high concentrations in surface waters around the world. Copper is a micronutrient at low concentrations and is essential to several organisms. At higher concentrations copper can become toxic, which reveal the importance of studying the toxic effects of this metal on the aquatic life. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the toxic effects of copper on the behavior and biochemical parameters of zebrafish (Danio rerio). Zebrafish were exposed for 24h at a concentration of 0.006 mg/L Cu. After the exposure period, behavioral profile of animals was recorded through 6 min using two different apparatuses tests: the Novel Tank and the Light-Dark test. After behavioral testing, animals were euthanized with a solution of 250 mg/L of tricaine (MS-222). Brain, muscle, liver and gills were extracted for analysis of parameters related to oxidative stress and accumulation of copper in these tissues. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity was determined in brain and muscle. Results showed acute exposure to copper induces significant changes in behavioral profile of zebrafish by changing locomotion and natural tendency to avoid brightly lit area. On the other hand, there were no significant effects on parameters related to oxidative stress. AChE activity decreased significantly in zebrafish muscle, but there were no significant changes in cerebral AChE activity. Copper levels in tissues did not increase significantly compared to the controls. Taken together, these results indicate that a low concentration of copper can acutely affect behavioral profile of adult zebrafish which could be partially related to an inhibition on muscle AChE activity. These results reinforce the need of additional tests to establishment of safe copper concentrations to aquatic organisms and the importance of behavioral parameters in ecotoxicological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela M B Haverroth
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Ambientais, Área de Ciências Exatas e Ambientais, Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó, Avenida Senador Atílio Fontana, 591E, 89809-000 Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Chariane Welang
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Ambientais, Área de Ciências Exatas e Ambientais, Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó, Avenida Senador Atílio Fontana, 591E, 89809-000 Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Riciéri N Mocelin
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Ambientais, Área de Ciências Exatas e Ambientais, Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó, Avenida Senador Atílio Fontana, 591E, 89809-000 Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Daniela Postay
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Ambientais, Área de Ciências Exatas e Ambientais, Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó, Avenida Senador Atílio Fontana, 591E, 89809-000 Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Kanandra T Bertoncello
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Ambientais, Área de Ciências Exatas e Ambientais, Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó, Avenida Senador Atílio Fontana, 591E, 89809-000 Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Francini Franscescon
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Ambientais, Área de Ciências Exatas e Ambientais, Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó, Avenida Senador Atílio Fontana, 591E, 89809-000 Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Denis B Rosemberg
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Avenida Roraima, 1000, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; The International Zebrafish Neuroscience Research Consortium (ZNRC), 309 Palmer Court, Slidell, LA 70458, USA
| | - Jacir Dal Magro
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Ambientais, Área de Ciências Exatas e Ambientais, Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó, Avenida Senador Atílio Fontana, 591E, 89809-000 Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Cristiane L Dalla Corte
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Ambientais, Área de Ciências Exatas e Ambientais, Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó, Avenida Senador Atílio Fontana, 591E, 89809-000 Chapecó, SC, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Avenida Roraima, 1000, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus Caçapava do Sul, Av. Pedro Anunciação, 111, Vila Batista, 96570-000 Caçapava do Sul, RS, Brazil.
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Tunç AT, Aynacı Koyuncu E, Arslan F. Development of an acetylcholinesterase–choline oxidase based biosensor for acetylcholine determination. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 44:1659-64. [DOI: 10.3109/21691401.2015.1080167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Rai R, Singh HK, Prasad S. A Special Extract of Bacopa monnieri (CDRI-08) Restores Learning and Memory by Upregulating Expression of the NMDA Receptor Subunit GluN2B in the Brain of Scopolamine-Induced Amnesic Mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2015; 2015:254303. [PMID: 26413117 PMCID: PMC4564605 DOI: 10.1155/2015/254303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2014] [Revised: 02/07/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In the present communication, we have investigated effects of the CDRI-08, a well characterized extract of Bacopa monnieri, on expression of the GluN2B subunit of NMDAR in various brain regions of the scopolamine-induced amnesic mice. Our behavioral data reveal that scopolamine-treated amnesic mice exhibit significant decline in the spatial memory compared to the normal control mice. Our RT-PCR and immunoblotting data revealed that the scopolamine treatment resulted in a significant downregulation of the NMDAR GluN2B subunit expression in prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. Our enzyme assay data revealed that scopolamine caused a significant increase in the acetylcholinesterase activity in both the brain regions. Further, oral administration of the CDRI-08 to scopolamine-treated amnesic mice restored the spatial memory which was found to be associated with significant upregulation of the GluN2B subunit expression and decline in the acetylcholinesterase activity in prefrontal cortex as well as hippocampus towards their levels in the normal control mice. Our study provides the evidence for the mechanism underlying role of the Bacopa monnieri extract (CDRI-08) in restoring spatial memory in amnesic mice, which may have therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Rai
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Brain Research Centre, Department of Zoology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221 005, India
| | - Hemant K. Singh
- Lumen Research Foundation, Ashok Nagar, Chennai 600083, India
| | - S. Prasad
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Brain Research Centre, Department of Zoology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221 005, India
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Yi F, Catudio-Garrett E, Gábriel R, Wilhelm M, Erdelyi F, Szabo G, Deisseroth K, Lawrence J. Hippocampal "cholinergic interneurons" visualized with the choline acetyltransferase promoter: anatomical distribution, intrinsic membrane properties, neurochemical characteristics, and capacity for cholinergic modulation. Front Synaptic Neurosci 2015; 7:4. [PMID: 25798106 PMCID: PMC4351620 DOI: 10.3389/fnsyn.2015.00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Release of acetylcholine (ACh) in the hippocampus (HC) occurs during exploration, arousal, and learning. Although the medial septum-diagonal band of Broca (MS-DBB) is the major extrinsic source of cholinergic input to the HC, cholinergic neurons intrinsic to the HC also exist but remain poorly understood. Here, ChAT-tauGFP and ChAT-CRE/Rosa26YFP (ChAT-Rosa) mice were examined in HC. The HC of ChAT-tauGFP mice was densely innervated with GFP-positive axons, often accompanied by large GFP-positive structures, some of which were Neurotrace/DAPI-negative and likely represent large axon terminals. In the HC of ChAT-Rosa mice, ChAT-YFP cells were Neurotrace-positive and more abundant in CA3 and dentate gyrus than CA1 with partial overlap with calretinin/VIP. Moreover, an anti-ChAT antibody consistently showed ChAT immunoreactivity in ChAT-YFP cells from MS-DBB but rarely from HC. Furthermore, ChAT-YFP cells from CA1 stratum radiatum/stratum lacunosum moleculare (SR/SLM) exhibited a stuttering firing phenotype but a delayed firing phenotype in stratum pyramidale (SP) of CA3. Input resistance and capacitance were also different between CA1 SR/LM and CA3 SP ChAT-YFP cells. Bath application of ACh increased firing frequency in all ChAT-YFP cells; however, cholinergic modulation was larger in CA1 SR/SLM than CA3 SP ChAT-YFP cells. Finally, CA3 SP ChAT-YFP cells exhibited a wider AP half-width and weaker cholinergic modulation than YFP-negative CA3 pyramidal cells. Consistent with CRE expression in a subpopulation of principal cells, optogenetic stimulation evoked glutamatergic postsynaptic currents in CA1 SR/SLM interneurons. In conclusion, the presence of fluorescently labeled hippocampal cells common to both ChAT-tauGFP and ChAT-Rosa mice are in good agreement with previous reports on the existence of cholinergic interneurons, but both transgenic mouse lines exhibited unexpected anatomical features that departed considerably from earlier observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Yi
- COBRE Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, The University of Montana Missoula, MT, USA ; Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Montana Missoula, MT, USA
| | - Elizabeth Catudio-Garrett
- COBRE Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, The University of Montana Missoula, MT, USA ; Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Montana Missoula, MT, USA ; Davidson's Honors College, The University of Montana Missoula, MT, USA
| | - Robert Gábriel
- Department of Experimental Zoology and Neurobiology, University of Pécs Pécs, Hungary ; János Szentágothai Research Center Pécs, Hungary
| | - Marta Wilhelm
- Department of Experimental Zoology and Neurobiology, University of Pécs Pécs, Hungary ; Department of Sport Biology, University of Pécs Pécs, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Erdelyi
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gabor Szabo
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences Budapest, Hungary
| | - Karl Deisseroth
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Josh Lawrence
- COBRE Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, The University of Montana Missoula, MT, USA ; Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Montana Missoula, MT, USA
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Sanchez-Alavez M, Ehlers CL. Event-related oscillations (ERO) during an active discrimination task: Effects of lesions of the nucleus basalis magnocellularis. Int J Psychophysiol 2015; 103:53-61. [PMID: 25660307 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2015.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The cholinergic system in the brain is involved in attentional processes that are engaged for the identification and selection of relevant information in the environment and the formation of new stimulus associations. In the present study we determined the effects of cholinergic lesions of nucleus basalis magnocellularis (NBM) on amplitude and phase characteristics of event related oscillations (EROs) generated in an auditory active discrimination task in rats. Rats were trained to press a lever to begin a series of 1kHz tones and to release the lever upon hearing a 2kHz tone. A time-frequency based representation was used to determine ERO energy and phase synchronization (phase lock index, PLI) across trials, recorded within frontal cortical structures. Lesions in NBM produced by an infusion of a-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid (AMPA) resulted in (1) a reduction of the number of correct behavioral responses in the active discrimination task, (2) an increase in ERO energy in the delta frequency bands, (3) an increase in theta, alpha and beta ERO energy in the N1, P3a and P3b regions of interest (ROI), and (4) an increase in PLI in the theta frequency band in the N1 ROIs. These studies suggest that the NBM cholinergic system is involved in maintaining the synchronization/phase resetting of oscillations in different frequencies in response to the presentation of the target stimuli in an active discrimination task.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Sanchez-Alavez
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Cindy L Ehlers
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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Shah D, Blockx I, Guns PJ, De Deyn PP, Van Dam D, Jonckers E, Delgado Y Palacios R, Verhoye M, Van der Linden A. Acute modulation of the cholinergic system in the mouse brain detected by pharmacological resting-state functional MRI. Neuroimage 2015; 109:151-9. [PMID: 25583611 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Revised: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The cholinergic system is involved in learning and memory and is affected in neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease. The possibility of non-invasively detecting alterations of neurotransmitter systems in the mouse brain would greatly improve early diagnosis and treatment strategies. The hypothesis of this study is that acute modulation of the cholinergic system might be reflected as altered functional connectivity (FC) and can be measured using pharmacological resting-state functional MRI (rsfMRI). MATERIAL AND METHODS Pharmacological rsfMRI was performed on a 9.4T MRI scanner (Bruker BioSpec, Germany) using a gradient echo EPI sequence. All mice were sedated with medetomidine. C57BL/6 mice (N = 15/group) were injected with either saline, the cholinergic antagonist scopolamine, or methyl-scopolamine, after which rsfMRI was acquired. For an additional group (N = 8), rsfMRI scans of the same mouse were acquired first at baseline, then after the administration of scopolamine and finally after the additional injection of the cholinergic agonist milameline. Contextual memory was evaluated with the same setup as the pharmacological rsfMRI using the passive avoidance behavior test. RESULTS Scopolamine induced a dose-dependent decrease of FC between brain regions involved in memory. Scopolamine-induced FC deficits could be recovered completely by milameline for FC between the hippocampus-thalamus, cingulate-retrosplenial, and visual-retrosplenial cortex. FC between the cingulate-rhinal, cingulate-visual and visual-rhinal cortex could not be completely recovered by milameline. This is consistent with the behavioral outcome, where milameline only partially recovered scopolamine-induced contextual memory deficits. Methyl-scopolamine administered at the same dose as scopolamine did not affect FC in the brain. CONCLUSION The results of the current study are important for future studies in mouse models of neurodegenerative disorders, where pharmacological rsfMRI may possibly be used as a non-invasive read-out tool to detect alterations of neurotransmitter systems induced by pathology or treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Disha Shah
- Bio-Imaging Lab, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Ines Blockx
- Bio-Imaging Lab, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Pieter-Jan Guns
- Bio-Imaging Lab, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Peter Paul De Deyn
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Behaviour, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Neurology and Memory Clinic, Hospital Network Antwerp (ZNA) Middelheim and Hoge Beuken, Lindendreef 1, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Research Center, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Debby Van Dam
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Behaviour, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Elisabeth Jonckers
- Bio-Imaging Lab, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | - Marleen Verhoye
- Bio-Imaging Lab, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
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Yi F, DeCan E, Stoll K, Marceau E, Deisseroth K, Lawrence JJ. Muscarinic excitation of parvalbumin-positive interneurons contributes to the severity of pilocarpine-induced seizures. Epilepsia 2014; 56:297-309. [PMID: 25495999 DOI: 10.1111/epi.12883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A common rodent model in epilepsy research employs the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) agonist pilocarpine, yet the mechanisms underlying the induction of pilocarpine-induced seizures (PISs) remain unclear. Global M1 mAChR (M1 R) knockout mice are resistant to PISs, implying that M1 R activation disrupts excitation/inhibition balance. Parvalbumin-positive (PV) inhibitory neurons express M1 Rs, participate in cholinergically induced oscillations, and can enter a state of depolarization block (DB) during epileptiform activity. Here, we test the hypothesis that pilocarpine activation of M1 Rs expressed on PV cells contributes to PISs. METHODS CA1 PV cells in PV-CRE mice were visualized with a floxed YFP or hM3Dq-mCherry adeno-associated virus, or by crossing PV-CRE mice with the RosaYFP reporter line. To eliminate M1 Rs from PV cells, we generated PV-M1 knockout (KO) mice by crossing PV-CRE and floxed M1 mice. Action potential (AP) frequency was monitored during application of pilocarpine (200 μm). In behavioral experiments, locomotion and seizure symptoms were recorded in wild-type (WT) or PV-M1 KO mice during PISs. RESULTS Pilocarpine significantly increased AP frequency in CA1 PV cells into the gamma range. In the continued presence of pilocarpine, a subset (5/7) of PV cells progressed to DB, which was mimicked by hM3Dq activation of Gq-receptor signaling. Pilocarpine-induced depolarization, AP firing at gamma frequency, and progression to DB were prevented in CA1 PV cells of PV-M1 KO mice. Finally, compared to WT mice, PV-M1 KO mice were associated with reduced severity of PISs. SIGNIFICANCE Pilocarpine can directly depolarize PV+ cells via M1 R activation, but a subset of these cells progress to DB. Our electrophysiologic and behavioral results suggest that this mechanism is active during PISs, contributing to a collapse of PV-mediated γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic inhibition, dysregulation of excitation/inhibition balance, and increased susceptibility to PISs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Yi
- COBRE Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, The University of Montana, Missoula, Montana, U.S.A; Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Montana, Missoula, Montana, U.S.A
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