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Liu HW, Urzica EI, Gallaher SD, Schmollinger S, Blaby-Haas CE, Iwai M, Merchant SS. Chlamydomonas cells transition through distinct Fe nutrition stages within 48 h of transfer to Fe-free medium. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2024; 161:213-232. [PMID: 39017982 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-024-01103-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Low iron (Fe) bioavailability can limit the biosynthesis of Fe-containing proteins, which are especially abundant in photosynthetic organisms, thus negatively affecting global primary productivity. Understanding cellular coping mechanisms under Fe limitation is therefore of great interest. We surveyed the temporal responses of Chlamydomonas (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii) cells transitioning from an Fe-rich to an Fe-free medium to document their short and long-term adjustments. While slower growth, chlorosis and lower photosynthetic parameters are evident only after one or more days in Fe-free medium, the abundance of some transcripts, such as those for genes encoding transporters and enzymes involved in Fe assimilation, change within minutes, before changes in intracellular Fe content are noticeable, suggestive of a sensitive mechanism for sensing Fe. Promoter reporter constructs indicate a transcriptional component to this immediate primary response. With acetate provided as a source of reduced carbon, transcripts encoding respiratory components are maintained relative to transcripts encoding components of photosynthesis and tetrapyrrole biosynthesis, indicating metabolic prioritization of respiration over photosynthesis. In contrast to the loss of chlorophyll, carotenoid content is maintained under Fe limitation despite a decrease in the transcripts for carotenoid biosynthesis genes, indicating carotenoid stability. These changes occur more slowly, only after the intracellular Fe quota responds, indicating a phased response in Chlamydomonas, involving both primary and secondary responses during acclimation to poor Fe nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen W Liu
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 99354, USA
| | - Eugen I Urzica
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Competence Network IBD, Hopfenstrasse 60, 24103, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sean D Gallaher
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences (QB3), University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Stefan Schmollinger
- California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences (QB3), University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Plant Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Crysten E Blaby-Haas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Masakazu Iwai
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Sabeeha S Merchant
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 99354, USA.
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
- California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences (QB3), University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.
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2
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Gupta R, Verma N, Tewari RK. Micronutrient deficiency-induced oxidative stress in plants. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2024; 43:213. [PMID: 39133336 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-024-03297-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Micronutrients like iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), boron (B), nickel (Ni), and molybdenum (Mo) perform significant roles in the regulation of plant metabolism, growth, and development. Micronutrients, namely Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, and Ni, are involved in oxidative stress and antioxidant defense as they are cofactors or activators of various antioxidant enzymes, viz., superoxide dismutase (Fe, Cu/Zn, Mn, and Ni), catalase (Fe), and ascorbate peroxidase (Fe). An effort has been made to incorporate recent advances along with classical work done on the micronutrient deficiency-induced oxidative stress and associated antioxidant responses of plants. Deficiency of a micronutrient produces ROS in the cellular compartments. Enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defense systems are often modulated by micronutrient deficiency to regulate redox balance and scavenge deleterious ROS for the safety of cellular constituents. ROS can strike cellular constituents such as lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids and can destruct cellular membranes and proteins. ROS might act as a signaling molecule and activate the antioxidant proteins by interacting with signaling partners such as respiratory burst oxidase homolog (RBOH), G-proteins, Ca2+, mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs), and various transcription factors (TFs). Opinions on probable ROS signaling under micronutrient deficiency have been described in this review. However, further research is required to decipher micronutrient deficiency-induced ROS generation, perception, and associated downstream signaling events, leading to the development of antioxidant responses in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshani Gupta
- Department of Botany, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, 226007, India
| | - Nikita Verma
- Department of Botany, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, 226007, India
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3
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Foresi N, De Marco MA, Del Castello F, Ramirez L, Nejamkin A, Calo G, Grimsley N, Correa-Aragunde N, Martínez-Noël GMA. The tiny giant of the sea, Ostreococcus's unique adaptations. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 211:108661. [PMID: 38735153 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Ostreococcus spp. are unicellular organisms with one of the simplest cellular organizations. The sequencing of the genomes of different Ostreococcus species has reinforced this status since Ostreococcus tauri has one most compact nuclear genomes among eukaryotic organisms. Despite this, it has retained a number of genes, setting it apart from other organisms with similar small genomes. Ostreococcus spp. feature a substantial number of selenocysteine-containing proteins, which, due to their higher catalytic activity compared to their selenium-lacking counterparts, may require a reduced quantity of proteins. Notably, O. tauri encodes several ammonium transporter genes, that may provide it with a competitive edge for acquiring nitrogen (N). This characteristic makes it an intriguing model for studying the efficient use of N in eukaryotes. Under conditions of low N availability, O. tauri utilizes N from abundant proteins or amino acids, such as L-arginine, similar to higher plants. However, the presence of a nitric oxide synthase (L-arg substrate) sheds light on a new metabolic pathway for L-arg in algae. The metabolic adaptations of O. tauri to day and night cycles offer valuable insights into carbon and iron metabolic configuration. O. tauri has evolved novel strategies to optimize iron uptake, lacking the classic components of the iron absorption mechanism. Overall, the cellular and genetic characteristics of Ostreococcus contribute to its evolutionary success, making it an excellent model for studying the physiological and genetic aspects of how green algae have adapted to the marine environment. Furthermore, given its potential for lipid accumulation and its marine habitat, it may represent a promising avenue for third-generation biofuels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia Foresi
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas-UNMdP-CONICET, Mar del Plata, Argentina.
| | - María Agustina De Marco
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Biotecnología (INBIOTEC)-CONICET-FIBA, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | | | - Leonor Ramirez
- Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Umeå University, SE-901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Andres Nejamkin
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas-UNMdP-CONICET, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Gonzalo Calo
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Biotecnología (INBIOTEC)-CONICET-FIBA, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Nigel Grimsley
- CNRS, LBBM, Sorbonne Université OOB, 1 Avenue de Pierre Fabre, 66650, Banyuls-sur-Mer, France
| | | | - Giselle M A Martínez-Noël
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Biotecnología (INBIOTEC)-CONICET-FIBA, Mar del Plata, Argentina.
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4
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Henry M, Khemiri I, Tebbji F, Abu-Helu R, Vincent AT, Sellam A. Manganese homeostasis modulates fungal virulence and stress tolerance in Candida albicans. mSphere 2024; 9:e0080423. [PMID: 38380913 PMCID: PMC10964418 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00804-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Due to the scarcity of transition metals within the human host, fungal pathogens have evolved sophisticated mechanisms to uptake and utilize these micronutrients at the infection interface. While considerable attention was turned to iron and copper acquisition mechanisms and their importance in fungal fitness, less was done regarding either the role of manganese (Mn) in infectious processes or the cellular mechanism by which fungal cells achieve their Mn-homeostasis. Here, we undertook transcriptional profiling in the pathogenic fungus Candida albicans experiencing both Mn starvation and excess to capture biological processes that are modulated by this metal. We uncovered that Mn scarcity influences diverse processes associated with fungal fitness including invasion of host cells and antifungal sensitivity. We show that Mn levels influence the abundance of iron and zinc emphasizing the complex crosstalk between metals. The deletion of SMF12, a member of Mn Nramp transporters, confirmed its contribution to Mn uptake. smf12 was unable to form hyphae and damage host cells and exhibited sensitivity to azoles. We found that the unfolded protein response (UPR), likely activated by decreased glycosylation under Mn limitation, was required to recover growth when cells were shifted from an Mn-starved to an Mn-repleted medium. RNA-seq profiling of cells exposed to Mn excess revealed that UPR was also activated. Furthermore, the UPR signaling axis Ire1-Hac1 was required to bypass Mn toxicity. Collectively, this study underscores the importance of Mn homeostasis in fungal virulence and comprehensively provides a portrait of biological functions that are modulated by Mn in a fungal pathogen. IMPORTANCE Transition metals such as manganese provide considerable functionality across biological systems as they are used as cofactors for many catalytic enzymes. The availability of manganese is very limited inside the human body. Consequently, pathogenic microbes have evolved sophisticated mechanisms to uptake this micronutrient inside the human host to sustain their growth and cause infections. Here, we undertook a comprehensive approach to understand how manganese availability impacts the biology of the prevalent fungal pathogen, Candida albicans. We uncovered that manganese homeostasis in this pathogen modulates different biological processes that are essential for host infection which underscores the value of targeting fungal manganese homeostasis for potential antifungal therapeutics development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manon Henry
- Montreal Heart Institute/Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Inès Khemiri
- Montreal Heart Institute/Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Faiza Tebbji
- Montreal Heart Institute/Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Rasmi Abu-Helu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Health Professions, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem, Palestine
| | - Antony T. Vincent
- Department of Animal Sciences, Université Laval, Quebec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Adnane Sellam
- Montreal Heart Institute/Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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Lin S, Yang J, Liu Y, Zhang W. MsSPL12 is a positive regulator in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) salt tolerance. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2024; 43:101. [PMID: 38498195 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-024-03175-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Over expression of MsSPL12 improved alfalfa salt tolerance by reducing Na+ accumulation and increasing antioxidant enzyme activity and regulating down-stream gene expression. Improvement of salt tolerance is one of the major goals in alfalfa breeding. Here, we demonstrated that MsSPL12, an alfalfa transcription factor gene highly expressed in the stem cells, plays a positive role in alfalfa salt tolerance. MsSPL12 is localized in the nucleus and shows transcriptional activity in the presence of its C-terminus. To investigate MsSPL12 function in plant response to salt stress, we generated transgenic plants overexpressing either MsSPL12 or a chimeric MsSPL12-SRDX gene that represses the function of MsSPL12 by using the Chimeric REpressor gene-Silencing Technology (CRES-T), and observed that overexpression of MsSPL12 increased the salt tolerance of alfalfa transgenic plants associated with an increase in K+/Na+ ratio and relative water content (RWC) under salt stress treatment, but a reduction in electrolyte leakage (EL), reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), and proline (Pro) compared to wild type (WT) plants. However, transgenic plants overexpressing MsSPL12-SRDX showed an inhibited plant growth and a reduced salt tolerance. RNA-sequencing and quantitative real-time PCR analyses revealed that MsSPL12 affected the expression of plant abiotic resistance-related genes in multiple physiological pathways. The potential MsSPL12-mediated regulatory pathways based on the differentially expressed genes between the MsSPL12 overexpression transgenics and WT controls were predicted. In summary, our study proves that MsSPL12 is a positive regulator in alfalfa salt tolerance and can be used as a new candidate for manipulation to develop forage crops with enhanced salt tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiwen Lin
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jie Yang
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yanrong Liu
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Wanjun Zhang
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
- Key Lab of Grassland Science in Beijing, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Shomali A, Das S, Sarraf M, Johnson R, Janeeshma E, Kumar V, Aliniaeifard S, Puthur JT, Hasanuzzaman M. Modulation of plant photosynthetic processes during metal and metalloid stress, and strategies for manipulating photosynthesis-related traits. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 206:108211. [PMID: 38029618 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Metals constitute vital elements for plant metabolism and survival, acting as essential co-factors in cellular processes which are indispensable for plant growth and survival. Excess or deficient provision of metal/metalloids puts plant's life and survival at risk, thus considered a potent stress for plants. Chloroplasts as an organelle with a high metal demand form a pivotal site within the metal homeostasis network. Therefore, the metal-mediated electron transport chain (ETC) in chloroplasts is a primary target site of metal/metalloid-induced stresses. Both excess and deficient availability of metal/metalloids threatens plant's photosynthesis in several ways. Energy demands from the photosynthetic carbon reactions should be in balance with energy output of ETC. Malfunctioning of ETC components as a result of metal/metalloid stress initiates photoinhiition. A feedback inhibition from carbon fixation process also impedes the ETC. Metal stress impairs antioxidant enzyme activity, pigment biosynthesis, and stomatal function. However, genetic manipulations, nutrient management, keeping photostasis, and application of phytohormones are among strategies for coping with metal stress. Consequently, a comprehensive understanding of the underlying mechanisms of metal/metalloid stress, as well as the exploration of potential strategies to mitigate its impact on plants are imperative. This review offers a mechanistic insight into the disruption of photosynthesis regulation by metal/metalloids and highlights adaptive approaches to ameliorate their effects on plants. Focus was made on photostasis, nutrient interactions, phytohormones, and genetic interventions for mitigating metal/metalloid stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Shomali
- Photosynthesis Laboratory, Department of Horticulture, College of Agricultural Technology (Aburaihan), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran; Controlled Environment Agriculture Center, College of Agricultural and Natural Sciences, University of Tehran, Iran
| | - Susmita Das
- Agricultural and Ecological Research Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata 700108, India
| | - Mohammad Sarraf
- Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Riya Johnson
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Division, Department of Botany, University of Calicut, C.U. Campus P.O, Kerala 673635, India
| | - Edappayil Janeeshma
- Department of Botany, MES KEVEEYAM College, Valanchery, Malappuram, Kerala, India
| | - Vinod Kumar
- Department of Botany, Government College for Women Gandhi Nagar, Jammu 180004, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Sasan Aliniaeifard
- Photosynthesis Laboratory, Department of Horticulture, College of Agricultural Technology (Aburaihan), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Jos T Puthur
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Division, Department of Botany, University of Calicut, C.U. Campus P.O, Kerala 673635, India
| | - Mirza Hasanuzzaman
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
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7
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Esteves SM, Jadoul A, Iacono F, Schloesser M, Bosman B, Carnol M, Druet T, Cardol P, Hanikenne M. Natural variation of nutrient homeostasis among laboratory and field strains of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:5198-5217. [PMID: 37235689 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Natural variation among individuals and populations exists in all species, playing key roles in response to environmental stress and adaptation. Micro- and macronutrients have a wide range of functions in photosynthetic organisms, and mineral nutrition thus plays a sizable role in biomass production. To maintain nutrient concentrations inside the cell within physiological limits and prevent the detrimental effects of deficiency or excess, complex homeostatic networks have evolved in photosynthetic cells. The microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (Chlamydomonas) is a unicellular eukaryotic model for studying such mechanisms. In this work, 24 Chlamydomonas strains, comprising field isolates and laboratory strains, were examined for intraspecific differences in nutrient homeostasis. Growth and mineral content were quantified in mixotrophy, as full nutrition control, and compared with autotrophy and nine deficiency conditions for macronutrients (-Ca, -Mg, -N, -P, and -S) and micronutrients (-Cu, -Fe, -Mn, and -Zn). Growth differences among strains were relatively limited. However, similar growth was accompanied by highly divergent mineral accumulation among strains. The expression of nutrient status marker genes and photosynthesis were scored in pairs of contrasting field strains, revealing distinct transcriptional regulation and nutrient requirements. Leveraging this natural variation should enable a better understanding of nutrient homeostasis in Chlamydomonas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara M Esteves
- InBioS-PhytoSystems, Translational Plant Biology, University of Liège, Belgium
| | - Alice Jadoul
- InBioS-PhytoSystems, Translational Plant Biology, University of Liège, Belgium
| | - Fabrizio Iacono
- InBioS-PhytoSystems, Genetics and Physiology of Microalgae, University of Liège, Belgium
| | - Marie Schloesser
- InBioS-PhytoSystems, Translational Plant Biology, University of Liège, Belgium
| | - Bernard Bosman
- InBioS-PhytoSystems, Laboratory of Plant and Microbial Ecology, University of Liège, Belgium
| | - Monique Carnol
- InBioS-PhytoSystems, Laboratory of Plant and Microbial Ecology, University of Liège, Belgium
| | - Tom Druet
- Unit of Animal Genomics (GIGA), University of Liège, Belgium
| | - Pierre Cardol
- InBioS-PhytoSystems, Genetics and Physiology of Microalgae, University of Liège, Belgium
| | - Marc Hanikenne
- InBioS-PhytoSystems, Translational Plant Biology, University of Liège, Belgium
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Zadabbas Shahabadi H, Akbarzadeh A, Ofoghi H, Kadkhodaei S. Site-specific gene knock-in and bacterial phytase gene expression in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii via Cas9 RNP-mediated HDR. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1150436. [PMID: 37275253 PMCID: PMC10235511 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1150436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we applied the HDR (homology-directed DNA repair) CRISPR-Cas9-mediated knock-in system to accurately insert an optimized foreign bacterial phytase gene at a specific site of the nitrate reductase (NR) gene (exon 2) to achieve homologous recombination with the stability of the transgene and reduce insertion site effects or gene silencing. To this end, we successfully knocked-in the targeted NR gene of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii using the bacterial phytase gene cassette through direct delivery of the CRISPR/Cas9 system as the ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex consisting of Cas9 protein and the specific single guide RNAs (sgRNAs). The NR insertion site editing was confirmed by PCR and sequencing of the transgene positive clones. Moreover, 24 clones with correct editing were obtained, where the phytase gene cassette was located in exon 2 of the NR gene, and the editing efficiency was determined to be 14.81%. Additionally, site-specific gene expression was analyzed and confirmed using RT-qPCR. Cultivation of the positive knocked-in colonies on the selective media during 10 generations indicated the stability of the correct editing without gene silencing or negative insertion site effects. Our results demonstrated that CRISPR-Cas9-mediated knock-in could be applied for nuclear expression of the heterologous gene of interest, and also confirmed its efficacy as an effective tool for site-specific gene knock-in, avoiding nuclear positional effects and gene silencing in C. reinhardtii. These findings could also provide a new perspective on the advantageous application of RNP-CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing to accelerate the commercial production of complex recombinant proteins in the food-grade organism "C. reinhardtii".
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Zadabbas Shahabadi
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Marine Science and Technology, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran
- Department of Biotechnology, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), Tehran, Iran
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Isfahan Branch, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Isfahan, Iran
| | - Arash Akbarzadeh
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Marine Science and Technology, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Hamideh Ofoghi
- Department of Biotechnology, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeid Kadkhodaei
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Isfahan Branch, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Isfahan, Iran
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9
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El Amine B, Mosseddaq F, Naciri R, Oukarroum A. Interactive effect of Fe and Mn deficiencies on physiological, biochemical, nutritional and growth status of soybean. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 199:107718. [PMID: 37182277 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) deficiency is one of the most common problems of soybean. It causes upper leaves yellowing, interveinal chlorosis, stunted growth and yield loss. Manganese (Mn) deficiency affects the reactions in the oxygen evolving complex (OEC) of photosystem II and increase the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The aim of this research is to study the effect of Fe and Mn deficiencies applied separately and simultaneously on physiological, biochemical, nutritional and growth (morphological) parameters of soybean cultivars (Glycine max L.). The experiment was conducted in nutrient hydroponic solution lacking Fe or Mn or both Fe and Mn. Chlorophyll content index (CCI) and chlorophyll a fluorescence were measured through time to detect nutritional disorders at an early growth stage before the apparition of visual symptoms. The results showed that Fe and Mn deficiencies had a significant negative effect on the photosynthetic efficiency, CCI, stomatal conductance, protein content and shoot/root nutrient uptakes. Iron and manganese stress conditions were found to enhance the accumulation of secondary metabolites and increase the antioxidant activity such as total polyphenol content (TPC), malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). These impacts were more accentuated when Fe and Mn stress were applied simultaneously than when any of the deficiencies was applied alone. More than that, Mn stress alone did not significantly affect the biomass accumulation. The obtained results showed that, in hydroponic conditions, iron and manganese rational fertilization can improve the studied parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bouthayna El Amine
- Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, AgoBioSciences, Plant Stress Physiology Laboratory, Benguerir, 43150, Morocco; Department of Plant Production, Protection and Biotechnology, Hassan II Institute of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, Madinate Al Irfane, Morocco.
| | - Fatema Mosseddaq
- Department of Plant Production, Protection and Biotechnology, Hassan II Institute of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, Madinate Al Irfane, Morocco
| | - Rachida Naciri
- Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, AgoBioSciences, Plant Stress Physiology Laboratory, Benguerir, 43150, Morocco
| | - Abdallah Oukarroum
- Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, AgoBioSciences, Plant Stress Physiology Laboratory, Benguerir, 43150, Morocco
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10
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Chai X, Zheng L, Liu J, Zhan J, Song L. Comparison of photosynthetic responses between haptophyte Phaeocystis globosa and diatom Skeletonema costatum under phosphorus limitation. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1085176. [PMID: 36756351 PMCID: PMC9899818 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1085176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The diatom Skeletonema costatum and the haptophyte Phaeocystis globosa often form blooms in the coastal waters of the South China Sea. Skeletonema costatum commonly dominates in nutrient enrichment coastal waters, whereas P. globosa starts flourishing after the diatom blooms when phosphorus (P) is limited. Therefore, P limitation was proposed to be a critical factor affecting diatom-haptophyte transition. To elucidate the tolerance to P limitation in P. globosa compared with S. costatum, the effect of P limitation on their photosystem II (PSII) performance was investigated and their photosynthesis acclimation strategies in response to P limitation were evaluated. P limitation did not affect the growth of P. globosa over 7 days but decreased it for S. costatum. Correspondingly, the PSII activity of S. costatum was significantly inhibited by P limitation. The decline in PSII activity in S. costatum under P limitation was associated with the impairment of the oxygen-evolving complex (the donor side of PSII), the hindrance of electron transport from QA - to QB (the acceptor side of PSII), and the inhibition of electron transport to photosystem I (PSI). The 100% decrease in D1 protein level of S. costatum after P limitation for 6 days and PsbO protein level after 2 days of P limitation were attributed to its enhanced photoinhibition. In contrast, P. globosa maintained its photosynthetic activity with minor impairment of the function of PSII. With accelerated PSII repair and highly increased non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), P. globosa can avoid serious PSII damage under P limitation. On the contrary, S. costatum decreased its D1 restoration under P limitation, and the maximum NPQ value in S. costatum was only one-sixth of that in P. globosa. The present work provides extensive evidence that a close interaction exists between the tolerance to P limitation and photosynthetic responses of S. costatum and P. globosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China,College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lingling Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Jin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiao Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China,*Correspondence: Jiao Zhan, ✉
| | - Lirong Song
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
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11
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Ivanov YV, Pashkovskiy PP, Ivanova AI, Kartashov AV, Kuznetsov VV. Manganese Deficiency Suppresses Growth and Photosynthetic Processes but Causes an Increase in the Expression of Photosynthetic Genes in Scots Pine Seedlings. Cells 2022; 11:cells11233814. [PMID: 36497074 PMCID: PMC9739257 DOI: 10.3390/cells11233814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Manganese deficiency is a serious plant nutritional disorder, resulting in the loss of crop productivity in many parts of the world. Despite the progress made in the study of angiosperms, the demand for Mn in gymnosperms and the physiological responses to Mn deficiency remain unexplored. We studied the influence of Mn deficiency for 24 weeks on Pinus sylvestris L. seedling growth, ion homeostasis, pigment contents, lipid peroxidation, chlorophyll fluorescence indices and the transcript levels of photosynthetic genes and genes involved in chlorophyll biosynthesis. It was shown that Mn-deficient plants demonstrated suppressed growth when the Mn content in the needles decreased below 0.34 µmol/g DW. The contents of photosynthetic pigments decreased when the Mn content in the needles reached 0.10 µmol/g DW. Mn deficiency per se did not lead to a decrease in the nutrient content in the organs of seedlings. Photoinhibition of PSII was observed in Mn-deficient plants, although this was not accompanied by the development of oxidative stress. Mn-deficient plants had an increased transcript abundance of genes (psbO, psbP, psbQ, psbA and psbC), encoding proteins directly associated with the Mn cluster also as other proteins involved in photosynthesis, whose activities do not depend on Mn directly. Furthermore, the transcript levels of the genes encoding the large subunit of Rubisco, light-dependent NADPH-protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase and subunits of light-independent protochlorophyllide reductase were also increased in Mn-deficient plants.
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12
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Zhu Z, Liu Y, Qi J, Sui Z. Identification of epigenetic histone modifications and analysis of histone lysine methyltransferases in Alexandrium pacificum. HARMFUL ALGAE 2022; 119:102323. [PMID: 36344193 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2022.102323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Alexandrium pacificum is a toxic dinoflagellate that can cause harmful algal blooms (HABs). The molecular mechanisms of HABs are still poorly understood, especially at the epigenetics level. Organism growth and metabolic processes are affected by histone modifications, an important mode of epigenetic regulation. In this study, various types of modifications, including methylation, acetylation, ubiquitination, and phosphorylation in A. pacificum cells were identified by using pan-antibodies, mass spectrometry, and an H3 modification multiplex assay kit. The modification abundance of H3K4me2 and H3K27me3 of A. pacificum varied under different growth conditions detected by Western blots. A class of SET domain genes (SDGs) encoding histone lysine methyltransferase was analyzed. A total of 179 SDG members were identified in A. pacificum, of which 53 sequences encoding complete proteins were classified into three categories by phylogenetic analysis, conserved domains and motifs analysis. Expression analysis and real-time polymerase chain reaction validation showed that the expressions of some SDGs were significantly influenced by light, nitrogen, phosphorus and manganese supplements. The results revealed that histone lysine methylation played an important role in responding to HABs inducing conditions. This study provided useful information for the further exploration of the role and regulatory mechanism of SDGs in the rapid growth of A. pacificum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimei Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Education of China, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Education of China, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Juan Qi
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Education of China, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Zhenghong Sui
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Education of China, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
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13
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Kochoni E, Doose C, Gonzalez P, Fortin C. Role of iron in gene expression and in the modulation of copper uptake in a freshwater alga: Insights on Cu and Fe assimilation pathways. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 305:119311. [PMID: 35439593 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Metal uptake and toxicity can generally be related to its aqueous speciation and to the presence of competitive ions as described by the biotic ligand model. Beyond these simple chemical interactions at the surface of aquatic organisms, several internal biological feedback mechanisms can also modulate metal uptake. This is particularly important for essential elements for which specific transport systems were developed over the course of evolution. Based on the results of short-term Cu2+ uptake experiments and on the analysis of the expression of certain genes involved in Cu and Fe homeostasis, we studied the effects of Fe3+ on Cu2+ uptake by the freshwater green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. We observed a significant increase in Cu2+ uptake rate in algal cells acclimated to a low Fe3+ medium up to 4.7 times greater compared to non-acclimated algal cells. The overexpression of the ferroxidase FOX1 and permease FTR1 genes suggests an activation of the high affinity Fe3+ assimilation system, which could constitute a plausible explanation for the increase in Cu2+ uptake rate in acclimatized algae. We show that Fe availability can have a significant impact on Cu uptake. Our observations reinforce the importance of considering physiological factors to better predict metal bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emeric Kochoni
- EcotoQ, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Eau Terre Environnement, 490 de la Couronne, Québec, QC, G1K 9A9, Canada
| | - Caroline Doose
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Organismes et des écosystèmes Aquatiques, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Station Marine Concarneau, 29900, Concarneau, France
| | - Patrice Gonzalez
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, EPOC, EPHE, UMR 5805, 33600, Pessac, France
| | - Claude Fortin
- EcotoQ, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Eau Terre Environnement, 490 de la Couronne, Québec, QC, G1K 9A9, Canada.
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14
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Huo C, He L, Yu T, Ji X, Li R, Zhu S, Zhang F, Xie H, Liu W. The Superoxide Dismutase Gene Family in Nicotiana tabacum: Genome-Wide Identification, Characterization, Expression Profiling and Functional Analysis in Response to Heavy Metal Stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:904105. [PMID: 35599861 PMCID: PMC9121019 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.904105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Superoxide dismutases (SODs) play an important role in protecting plants against ROS toxicity induced by biotic and abiotic stress. Recent studies have shown that the SOD gene family is involved in plant growth and development; however, knowledge of the SOD gene family in tobacco is still limited. In the present study, the SOD gene family was systematically characterized in the tobacco genome. Based on the conserved motif and phylogenetic tree, 15 NtSOD genes were identified and classified into three subgroups, including 5 NtCSDs, 7 NtFSDs and 3 NtMSDs. The predicted results of the transport peptide or signal peptide were consistent with their subcellular localization. Most NtSOD genes showed relatively well-maintained exon-intron and motif structures in the same subgroup. An analysis of cis-acting elements in SOD gene promoters showed that NtSOD expression was regulated by plant hormones, defense and stress responses, and light. In addition, multiple transcription factors and miRNAs are predicted to be involved in the regulation of NtSOD gene expression. The qPCR results indicated specific spatial and temporal expression patterns of the NtSOD gene family in different tissues and developmental stages, and this gene family played an important role in protecting against heavy metal stress. The results of functional complementation tests in the yeast mutant suggested that NtCSD1a, NtFSD1e and NtMSD1b scavenge ROS produced by heavy metal stress. This study represents the first genome-wide analysis of the NtSOD gene family, which lays a foundation for a better understanding of the function of the NtSOD gene family and improving the tolerance of plants to heavy metal toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunsong Huo
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microorganism, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Linshen He
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microorganism, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Ting Yu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microorganism, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Xue Ji
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microorganism, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Rui Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microorganism, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Shunqin Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fangyuan Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - He Xie
- Tobacco Breeding and Biotechnology Research Center, Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Wanhong Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microorganism, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing, China
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15
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Jia M, Munz J, Lee J, Shelley N, Xiong Y, Joo S, Jin E, Lee JH. The bHLH family NITROGEN-REPLETION INSENSITIVE1 represses nitrogen starvation-induced responses in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 110:337-357. [PMID: 35043510 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Moyan Jia
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Jacob Munz
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Jenny Lee
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Nolan Shelley
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Yuan Xiong
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Sunjoo Joo
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - EonSeon Jin
- Department of Life Sciences, Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, 133-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hyeok Lee
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada
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16
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Ceballos-Laita L, Takahashi D, Uemura M, Abadía J, López-Millán AF, Rodríguez-Celma J. Effects of Fe and Mn Deficiencies on the Root Protein Profiles of Tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum) Using Two-Dimensional Electrophoresis and Label-Free Shotgun Analyses. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073719. [PMID: 35409079 PMCID: PMC8998858 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) are two essential elements for plants that compete for the same uptake transporters and show conflicting interactions at the regulatory level. In order to understand the differential response to both metal deficiencies in plants, two proteomic techniques (two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and label-free shotgun) were used to study the proteome profiles of roots from tomato plants grown under Fe or Mn deficiency. A total of 119 proteins changing in relative abundance were confidently quantified and identified, including 35 and 91 in the cases of Fe deficiency and Mn deficiency, respectively, with 7 of them changing in both deficiencies. The identified proteins were categorized according to function, and GO-enrichment analysis was performed. Data showed that both deficiencies provoked a common and intense cell wall remodelling. However, the response observed for Fe and Mn deficiencies differed greatly in relation to oxidative stress, coumarin production, protein, nitrogen, and energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Ceballos-Laita
- Plant Stress Physiology Group, Plant Nutrition Department, Aula Dei Experimental Station, CSIC, 50059 Zaragoza, Spain; (L.C.-L.); (J.A.); (A.F.L.-M.)
| | - Daisuke Takahashi
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Iwate University, Morioka 020-8550, Japan; (D.T.); (M.U.)
- Department of Plant-Bioscience, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka 020-8550, Japan
| | - Matsuo Uemura
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Iwate University, Morioka 020-8550, Japan; (D.T.); (M.U.)
- Department of Plant-Bioscience, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka 020-8550, Japan
| | - Javier Abadía
- Plant Stress Physiology Group, Plant Nutrition Department, Aula Dei Experimental Station, CSIC, 50059 Zaragoza, Spain; (L.C.-L.); (J.A.); (A.F.L.-M.)
| | - Ana Flor López-Millán
- Plant Stress Physiology Group, Plant Nutrition Department, Aula Dei Experimental Station, CSIC, 50059 Zaragoza, Spain; (L.C.-L.); (J.A.); (A.F.L.-M.)
| | - Jorge Rodríguez-Celma
- Plant Stress Physiology Group, Plant Nutrition Department, Aula Dei Experimental Station, CSIC, 50059 Zaragoza, Spain; (L.C.-L.); (J.A.); (A.F.L.-M.)
- Correspondence:
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17
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Calmodulin and Its Interactive Proteins Participate in Regulating the Explosive Growth of Alexandrium pacificum (Dinoflagellate). Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010145. [PMID: 35008568 PMCID: PMC8745774 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alexandrium pacificum is a typical dinoflagellate that can cause harmful algal blooms, resulting in negative impacts on ecology and human health. The calcium (Ca2+) signal transduction pathway plays an important role in cell proliferation. Calmodulin (CaM) and CaM-related proteins are the main cellular Ca2+ sensors, and can act as an intermediate in the Ca2+ signal transduction pathway. In this study, the proteins that interacted with CaM of A. pacificum were screened by two-dimensional electrophoresis analysis and far western blots under different growth conditions including lag phase and high phosphorus and manganese induced log phase (HPM). The interactive proteins were then identified using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Four proteins were identified, including Ca2+/CaM-dependent protein kinase, serine/threonine kinase, annexin, and inositol-3-phosphate synthase, which all showed high expression levels under HPM. The gene expression levels encoding these four proteins were also up-regulated under HPM, as revealed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction, suggesting that the identified proteins participate in the Ca2+ transport channel and cell cycle regulation to promote cell division. A network of proteins interacting with CaM and their target proteins involved in the regulation of cell proliferation was raised, which provided new insights into the mechanisms behind the explosive growth of A. pacificum.
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18
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He J, Rössner N, Hoang MTT, Alejandro S, Peiter E. Transport, functions, and interaction of calcium and manganese in plant organellar compartments. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 187:1940-1972. [PMID: 35235665 PMCID: PMC8890496 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) and manganese (Mn2+) are essential elements for plants and have similar ionic radii and binding coordination. They are assigned specific functions within organelles, but share many transport mechanisms to cross organellar membranes. Despite their points of interaction, those elements are usually investigated and reviewed separately. This review takes them out of this isolation. It highlights our current mechanistic understanding and points to open questions of their functions, their transport, and their interplay in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), vesicular compartments (Golgi apparatus, trans-Golgi network, pre-vacuolar compartment), vacuoles, chloroplasts, mitochondria, and peroxisomes. Complex processes demanding these cations, such as Mn2+-dependent glycosylation or systemic Ca2+ signaling, are covered in some detail if they have not been reviewed recently or if recent findings add to current models. The function of Ca2+ as signaling agent released from organelles into the cytosol and within the organelles themselves is a recurrent theme of this review, again keeping the interference by Mn2+ in mind. The involvement of organellar channels [e.g. glutamate receptor-likes (GLR), cyclic nucleotide-gated channels (CNGC), mitochondrial conductivity units (MCU), and two-pore channel1 (TPC1)], transporters (e.g. natural resistance-associated macrophage proteins (NRAMP), Ca2+ exchangers (CAX), metal tolerance proteins (MTP), and bivalent cation transporters (BICAT)], and pumps [autoinhibited Ca2+-ATPases (ACA) and ER Ca2+-ATPases (ECA)] in the import and export of organellar Ca2+ and Mn2+ is scrutinized, whereby current controversial issues are pointed out. Mechanisms in animals and yeast are taken into account where they may provide a blueprint for processes in plants, in particular, with respect to tunable molecular mechanisms of Ca2+ versus Mn2+ selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie He
- Faculty of Natural Sciences III, Plant Nutrition Laboratory, Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, D-06099 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Nico Rössner
- Faculty of Natural Sciences III, Plant Nutrition Laboratory, Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, D-06099 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Minh T T Hoang
- Faculty of Natural Sciences III, Plant Nutrition Laboratory, Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, D-06099 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Santiago Alejandro
- Faculty of Natural Sciences III, Plant Nutrition Laboratory, Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, D-06099 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Edgar Peiter
- Faculty of Natural Sciences III, Plant Nutrition Laboratory, Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, D-06099 Halle (Saale), Germany
- Author for communication:
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19
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Thiriet-Rupert S, Gain G, Jadoul A, Vigneron A, Bosman B, Carnol M, Motte P, Cardol P, Nouet C, Hanikenne M. Long-term acclimation to cadmium exposure reveals extensive phenotypic plasticity in Chlamydomonas. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 187:1653-1678. [PMID: 34618070 PMCID: PMC8566208 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Increasing industrial and anthropogenic activities are producing and releasing more and more pollutants in the environment. Among them, toxic metals are one of the major threats for human health and natural ecosystems. Because photosynthetic organisms play a critical role in primary productivity and pollution management, investigating their response to metal toxicity is of major interest. Here, the green microalga Chlamydomonas (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii) was subjected to short (3 d) or chronic (6 months) exposure to 50 µM cadmium (Cd), and the recovery from chronic exposure was also examined. An extensive phenotypic characterization and transcriptomic analysis showed that the impact of Cd on biomass production of short-term (ST) exposed cells was almost entirely abolished by long-term (LT) acclimation. The underlying mechanisms were initiated at ST and further amplified after LT exposure resulting in a reversible equilibrium allowing biomass production similar to control condition. This included modification of cell wall-related gene expression and biofilm-like structure formation, dynamics of metal ion uptake and homeostasis, photosynthesis efficiency recovery and Cd acclimation through metal homeostasis adjustment. The contribution of the identified coordination of phosphorus and iron homeostasis (partly) mediated by the main phosphorus homeostasis regulator, Phosphate Starvation Response 1, and a basic Helix-Loop-Helix transcription factor (Cre05.g241636) was further investigated. The study reveals the highly dynamic physiological plasticity enabling algal cell growth in an extreme environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislas Thiriet-Rupert
- InBioS-PhytoSystems, Functional Genomics and Plant Molecular Imaging, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
- Present address: Unité de Génétique des Biofilms, Département Microbiologie, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Gwenaëlle Gain
- InBioS-PhytoSystems, Functional Genomics and Plant Molecular Imaging, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
- InBioS-PhytoSystems, Genetics and Physiology of Microalgae, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Alice Jadoul
- InBioS-PhytoSystems, Functional Genomics and Plant Molecular Imaging, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Amandine Vigneron
- InBioS-PhytoSystems, Functional Genomics and Plant Molecular Imaging, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Bernard Bosman
- InBioS-PhytoSystems, Laboratory of Plant and Microbial Ecology, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Monique Carnol
- InBioS-PhytoSystems, Laboratory of Plant and Microbial Ecology, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Patrick Motte
- InBioS-PhytoSystems, Functional Genomics and Plant Molecular Imaging, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Pierre Cardol
- InBioS-PhytoSystems, Genetics and Physiology of Microalgae, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Cécile Nouet
- InBioS-PhytoSystems, Functional Genomics and Plant Molecular Imaging, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Marc Hanikenne
- InBioS-PhytoSystems, Functional Genomics and Plant Molecular Imaging, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
- Author for communication:
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20
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Hemkemeyer M, Schwalb SA, Heinze S, Joergensen RG, Wichern F. Functions of elements in soil microorganisms. Microbiol Res 2021; 252:126832. [PMID: 34508963 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2021.126832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The soil microbial community fulfils various functions, such as nutrient cycling and carbon (C) sequestration, therefore contributing to maintenance of soil fertility and mitigation of global warming. In this context, a major focus of research has been on C, nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) cycling. However, from aquatic and other environments, it is well known that other elements beyond C, N, and P are essential for microbial functioning. Nonetheless, for soil microorganisms this knowledge has not yet been synthesised. To gain a better mechanistic understanding of microbial processes in soil systems, we aimed at summarising the current knowledge on the function of a range of essential or beneficial elements, which may affect the efficiency of microbial processes in soil. This knowledge is discussed in the context of microbial driven nutrient and C cycling. Our findings may support future investigations and data evaluation, where other elements than C, N, and P affect microbial processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Hemkemeyer
- Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Institute of Biogenic Resources in Sustainable Food Systems - From Farm to Function, Rhine-Waal University of Applied Sciences, Marie-Curie-Str. 1, 47533 Kleve, Germany.
| | - Sanja A Schwalb
- Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Institute of Biogenic Resources in Sustainable Food Systems - From Farm to Function, Rhine-Waal University of Applied Sciences, Marie-Curie-Str. 1, 47533 Kleve, Germany
| | - Stefanie Heinze
- Department of Soil Science & Soil Ecology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Rainer Georg Joergensen
- Department of Soil Biology and Plant Nutrition, University of Kassel, Nordbahnhofstr. 1a, 37213 Witzenhausen, Germany
| | - Florian Wichern
- Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Institute of Biogenic Resources in Sustainable Food Systems - From Farm to Function, Rhine-Waal University of Applied Sciences, Marie-Curie-Str. 1, 47533 Kleve, Germany
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21
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Karaffa L, Fekete E, Kubicek CP. The Role of Metal Ions in Fungal Organic Acid Accumulation. Microorganisms 2021; 9:1267. [PMID: 34200938 PMCID: PMC8230503 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9061267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Organic acid accumulation is probably the best-known example of primary metabolic overflow. Both bacteria and fungi are capable of producing various organic acids in large amounts under certain conditions, but in terms of productivity-and consequently, of commercial importance-fungal platforms are unparalleled. For high product yield, chemical composition of the growth medium is crucial in providing the necessary conditions, of which the concentrations of four of the first-row transition metal elements, manganese (Mn2+), iron (Fe2+), copper (Cu2+) and zinc (Zn2+) stand out. In this paper we critically review the biological roles of these ions, the possible biochemical and physiological consequences of their influence on the accumulation of the most important mono-, di- and tricarboxylic as well as sugar acids by fungi, and the metal ion-related aspects of submerged organic acid fermentations, including the necessary instrumental analytics. Since producing conditions are associated with a cell physiology that differs strongly to what is observed under "standard" growth conditions, here we consider papers and patents only in which organic acid accumulation levels achieved at least 60% of the theoretical maximum yield, and the actual trace metal ion concentrations were verified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Levente Karaffa
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Erzsébet Fekete
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Christian P. Kubicek
- Institute of Chemical, Environmental & Bioscience Engineering, TU Wien, A-1060 Vienna, Austria;
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Sándor E, Kolláth IS, Fekete E, Bíró V, Flipphi M, Kovács B, Kubicek CP, Karaffa L. Carbon-Source Dependent Interplay of Copper and Manganese Ions Modulates the Morphology and Itaconic Acid Production in Aspergillus terreus. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:680420. [PMID: 34093503 PMCID: PMC8173074 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.680420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of the interplay of copper(II) and manganese(II) ions on growth, morphology and itaconic acid formation was investigated in a high-producing strain of Aspergillus terreus (NRRL1960), using carbon sources metabolized either mainly via glycolysis (D-glucose, D-fructose) or primarily via the pentose phosphate shunt (D-xylose, L-arabinose). Limiting Mn2+ concentration in the culture broth is indispensable to obtain high itaconic acid yields, while in the presence of higher Mn2+ concentrations yield decreases and biomass formation is favored. However, this low yield in the presence of high Mn2+ ion concentrations can be mitigated by increasing the Cu2+ concentration in the medium when D-glucose or D-fructose is the growth substrate, whereas this effect was at best modest during growth on D-xylose or L-arabinose. A. terreus displays a high tolerance to Cu2+ which decreased when Mn2+ availability became increasingly limiting. Under such conditions biomass formation on D-glucose or D-fructose could be sustained at concentrations up to 250 mg L–1 Cu2+, while on D-xylose- or L-arabinose biomass formation was completely inhibited at 100 mg L–1. High (>75%) specific molar itaconic acid yields always coincided with an “overflow-associated” morphology, characterized by small compact pellets (<250 μm diameter) and short chains of “yeast-like” cells that exhibit increased diameters relative to the elongated cells in growing filamentous hyphae. At low concentrations (≤1 mg L–1) of Cu2+ ions, manganese deficiency did not prevent filamentous growth. Mycelial- and cellular morphology progressively transformed into the typical overflow-associated one when external Cu2+ concentrations increased, irrespective of the available Mn2+. Our results indicate that copper ions are relevant for overflow metabolism and should be considered when optimizing itaconic acid fermentation in A. terreus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erzsébet Sándor
- Institute of Food Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Science and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - István S Kolláth
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.,Doctoral School of Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Erzsébet Fekete
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Vivien Bíró
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.,Juhász-Nagy Pál Doctoral School of Biology and Environmental Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Michel Flipphi
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Béla Kovács
- Institute of Food Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Science and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Christian P Kubicek
- Institute of Chemical, Environmental & Bioscience Engineering, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Levente Karaffa
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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Dynamic Polyphosphate Metabolism Coordinating with Manganese Ions Defends against Oxidative Stress in the Extreme Bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans. Appl Environ Microbiol 2021; 87:AEM.02785-20. [PMID: 33452031 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02785-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Deinococcus radiodurans is an extreme bacterium with unparalleled resistance to oxidative stresses. Accumulation of intracellular Mn2+ complexing with small metabolites is the key contributor to the tolerance of D. radiodurans against oxidative stress. However, the intracellular reservoir of Mn ions and homeostatic regulation of the Mn complex in D. radiodurans remain unclear. We identified an evolutionarily ancient and negatively charged phosphate polymer (polyphosphate [PolyP]) in D. radiodurans We investigated PolyP metabolism in the response of D. radiodurans to oxidative stress. The genes dr1939, encoding polyphosphatase kinase (PPKDr; the subscript "Dr" refers to D. radiodurans), and dra0185, encoding exopolyphosphatase (PPXDr), were identified. PPXDr is a novel exopolyphosphatase with a cofactor preference to Mn2+, which enhances the dimerization and activity of PPXDr to allow the effective cleavage of PolyP-Mn. PPKDr and PPXDr exhibited different dynamic expression profiles under oxidative stress. First, ppkDr was upregulated leading to the accumulation of PolyP, which chelated large amounts of intracellular Mn ions. Subsequently, the expression level of ppkDr decreased while ppxDr was substantially upregulated and effectively hydrolyzed inactive PolyP-Mn to release phosphate (Pi) and Mn2+, which could form into Mn-Pi complexes to scavenge O2 - and protect proteins from oxidative damage. Hence, dynamic cellular PolyP metabolites complexed with free Mn ions highlight a defense strategy of D. radiodurans in response to oxidative stress.IMPORTANCE The Mn-phosphate complex (Mn-Pi) plays a key role in the cellular resistance of radioresistant bacteria. The evolutionarily ancient polyphosphate polymers (polyphosphate [PolyP]) could effectively chelate Mn2+ and donate phosphates. However, the intracellular reservoir of Mn ions and homeostatic regulation of the Mn-Pi complex remain unclear. Here, we investigated the relationship of PolyP metabolites and Mn2+ homeostasis and how they function to defend against oxidative stress in the radioresistant bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans We found that PPXDr (the subscript "Dr" refers to D. radiodurans) is a novel exopolyphosphatase with a cofactor preference for Mn2+, mediating PolyP-Mn degradation into Pi and Mn ions. The formed Mn-Pi complexes effectively protect proteins. The dynamic PolyP metabolism coordinating with Mn ions is a defense strategy of D. radiodurans in response to oxidative stress. The findings not only provide new insights into the resistance mechanism of the extreme bacterium D. radiodurans but also broaden our understanding of the functions of PolyP metabolism in organisms.
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Tewari RK, Horemans N, Watanabe M. Evidence for a role of nitric oxide in iron homeostasis in plants. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:990-1006. [PMID: 33196822 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO), once regarded as a poisonous air pollutant, is now understood as a regulatory molecule essential for several biological functions in plants. In this review, we summarize NO generation in different plant organs and cellular compartments, and also discuss the role of NO in iron (Fe) homeostasis, particularly in Fe-deficient plants. Fe is one of the most limiting essential nutrient elements for plants. Plants often exhibit Fe deficiency symptoms despite sufficient tissue Fe concentrations. NO appears to not only up-regulate Fe uptake mechanisms but also makes Fe more bioavailable for metabolic functions. NO forms complexes with Fe, which can then be delivered into target cells/tissues. NO generated in plants can alleviate oxidative stress by regulating antioxidant defense processes, probably by improving functional Fe status and by inducing post-translational modifications in the enzymes/proteins involved in antioxidant defense responses. It is hypothesized that NO acts in cooperation with transcription factors such as bHLHs, FIT, and IRO to regulate the expression of enzymes and proteins essential for Fe homeostasis. However, further investigations are needed to disentangle the interaction of NO with intracellular target molecules that leads to enhanced internal Fe availability in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nele Horemans
- Biosphere Impact Studies, Belgian Nuclear Research Center (SCK•CEN), Boeretang, Mol, Belgium
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan gebouw D, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Masami Watanabe
- Laboratory of Plant Biochemistry, Chiba University, Inage-ward, Yayoicho, Chiba, Japan
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25
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Kaginkar S, Priya S, Sharma U, D'Souza JS, Sen S. A potential screening method for epigenetic drugs: uncovering stress-induced gene silencing in Chlamydomonas. Free Radic Res 2021; 55:533-546. [PMID: 33455485 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2021.1876231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Histone modifications and DNA methylation together govern promoter availability, thereby influencing gene expression. This study queries the unicellular chlorophyte, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii using a three step "epigenetic assay" design to phenotypically track the variegation of a randomly integrated Paromomycin resistance transgene(s) (PmR). Based on its position of integration, the PmR gene expression hinged on two epigenetic hallmarks: the spreading of heterochromatin, and the transmissible memory of epigenetic states across generations. Using a spot-dilution analysis, the loss of antibiotic resistance phenotype was scored from 0 to 4, four being maximally silenced. Appropriate construct designs were used to demonstrate that the cis-spread of heterochromatin could be interfered with a stronger euchromatic barrier (TUB2 promoter). When assayed for metal ion stress, a combination of Mn deficiency with excess Cu or Zn stress was shown to induce gene silencing in Chlamydomonas. Cu stress resulted in the accumulation of intracellular ROS, while Zn stress elevated the sensitivity to ROS. As proof of functional conservation, mammalian epigenetic drugs demonstrably interfered with stress-induced gene silencing. Finally, a selected group of transgenic clones responsive to HDACi sodium butyrate, when tested in a gradient plate format showed similarity in phenotype to the plant-derived compound cinnamic acid. This indicated a possible commonality in their mode of action, unlike curcumin which might have a different mechanism. Thus, using binned libraries, based on a common set of responses to known drugs, a cost-effective high-throughput screening strategy for epigenetically active compounds from plants or other sources is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snehal Kaginkar
- UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, University of Mumbai, Mumbai, India
| | - Srishti Priya
- UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, University of Mumbai, Mumbai, India
| | - Upnishad Sharma
- UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, University of Mumbai, Mumbai, India
| | - Jacinta S D'Souza
- UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, University of Mumbai, Mumbai, India
| | - Subhojit Sen
- UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, University of Mumbai, Mumbai, India
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Hu SH, Lin SF, Huang YC, Huang CH, Kuo WY, Jinn TL. Significance of AtMTM1 and AtMTM2 for Mitochondrial MnSOD Activation in Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:690064. [PMID: 34434202 PMCID: PMC8382117 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.690064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The manganese (Mn) tracking factor for mitochondrial Mn superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) has been annotated as yMTM1 in yeast, which belongs to the mitochondrial carrier family. We confirmed that Arabidopsis AtMTM1 and AtMTM2 are functional homologs of yMTM1 as they can revive yeast MnSOD activity in yMTM1-mutant cells. Transient expression of AtMnSOD-3xFLAG in the AtMTM1 and AtMTM2-double mutant protoplasts confirmed that AtMTM1 and AtMTM2 are required for AtMnSOD activation. Our study revealed that AtMnSOD interacts with AtMTM1 and AtMTM2 in the mitochondria. The expression levels of AtMTM1, AtMTM2, and AtMnSOD respond positively to methyl viologen (MV) and metal stress. AtMTM1 and AtMTM2 are involved in Mn and Fe homeostasis, root length, and flowering time. Transient expression of chloroplast-destined AtMnSOD revealed that an evolutionarily conserved activation mechanism, like the chloroplastic-localized MnSOD in some algae, still exists in Arabidopsis chloroplasts. This study strengthens the proposition that AtMTM1 and AtMTM2 participate in the AtMnSOD activation and ion homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Hsuan Hu
- Institute of Plant Biology and Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Fan Lin
- Institute of Plant Biology and Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Chen Huang
- Institute of Plant Biology and Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hsun Huang
- Institute of Plant Biology and Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Plant Biology, Center of Evolutionary Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Yu Kuo
- Institute of Plant Biology and Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Luo Jinn
- Institute of Plant Biology and Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Tsung-Luo Jinn,
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Harshkova D, Majewska M, Pokora W, Baścik-Remisiewicz A, Tułodziecki S, Aksmann A. Diclofenac and atrazine restrict the growth of a synchronous Chlamydomonas reinhardtii population via various mechanisms. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2021; 230:105698. [PMID: 33307391 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2020.105698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac (DCF) is commonly found in freshwater bodies and can have adverse effects on non-target organisms. Among the studies on DCF toxicity, several ones have reported its harmful effects on plants and algae. To gain a better understanding of the mechanisms of DCF toxicity towards green algae, we used a synchronous Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cc-1690 culture and compared DCF (135 mg/L) effects with effects caused by atrazine (ATR; 77.6 μg/L), an herbicide with a well-known mechanism of toxic action. To achieve our goal, cell number and size, photosynthetic oxygen consumption/evolution, chlorophyll a fluorescence in vivo, H2O2 production by the cells, antioxidative enzymes encoding genes expression were analyzed during light phase of the cell cycle. We have found, that DCF and ATR affect C. reinhardtii through different mechanisms. ATR inhibited the photosynthetic electron transport chain and induced oxidative stress in chloroplast. Such chloroplastic energetics disruption indirectly influenced respiration, the intensification of which could partially mitigate low efficiency of photosynthetic energy production. As a result, ATR inhibited the growth of single cell leading to limitation in C. reinhardtii population development. In contrast to ATR-treated algae, in DCF-treated cells the fraction of active PSII reaction centers was diminished without drastic changes in electron transport or oxidative stress symptoms in chloroplast. However, significant increase in transcript level of gene encoding for mitochondria-located catalase indicates respiratory processes as a source of H2O2 overproduced in the DCF-treated cells. Because the single cell growth was not strongly affected by DCF, its adverse effect on progeny cell number seemed to be related rather to arresting of cell divisions. Concluding, although the DCF phytotoxic action appeared to be different from the action of the typical herbicide ATR, it can act as algal growth-inhibiting factor in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darya Harshkova
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, ul. Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Monika Majewska
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, ul. Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Wojciech Pokora
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, ul. Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Baścik-Remisiewicz
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, ul. Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Szymon Tułodziecki
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, ul. Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Anna Aksmann
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, ul. Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland.
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Kang S, Jeon S, Kim S, Chang YK, Kim YC. Development of a pVEC peptide-based ribonucleoprotein (RNP) delivery system for genome editing using CRISPR/Cas9 in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Sci Rep 2020; 10:22158. [PMID: 33335164 PMCID: PMC7747696 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78968-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent technical advances related to the CRISPR/Cas9-based genome editing system have enabled sophisticated genome editing in microalgae. Although the demand for research on genome editing in microalgae has increased over time, methodological research has not been established to date for the delivery of a ribonucleoprotein (Cas9/sgRNA complex) using a cell penetrating peptide into microalgal cell lines. Here, we present a ribonucleoprotein delivery system for Chlamydomonas reinhardtii mediated by the cell penetrating peptide pVEC (LLIILRRRIRKQAHAHSK) which is in a non-covalent form. Using this technically simple method, the ribonucleoprotein was successfully delivered into C. reinhardtii. Gene Maa7 and FKB12 were disrupted, and their distinguishing patterns of Indel mutations were analyzed with the observation of several insertions of sequences not originating from the genome DNA, such as chloroplast DNA, into the expected loci. In addition, the cytotoxicity of Cas9 and the ribonucleoprotein was investigated according to the concentration and time in the algal cells. It was observed that Cas9 alone without the sgRNA induces a more severe cytotoxicity compared to the ribonucleoprotein. Our study will not only contribute to algal cell biology and its genetic engineering for further applications involving various organisms but will also provide a deeper understating of the basic science of the CRISPR/Cas9 system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seongsu Kang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungjib Jeon
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungcheol Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Keun Chang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeu-Chun Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea.
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29
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Influence of nutrient status on the biohydrogen and lipid productivity in Parachlorella kessleri: a biorefinery approach. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:10293-10305. [PMID: 33025127 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10930-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The commercial reality of microalgal biotechnology for the production of individual bioactives is constrained by the high cost of production and requires a biorefinery approach. In this investigation, we examined the influence of different nutrient deprivation (nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), sulphur (S) and manganese (Mn)) on growth, chlorophyll a (Chl a), biohydrogen (H2) and fatty acid profiles in Parachlorella kessleri EMCCN 3073 under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Anaerobic conditions combined with the nutrient deprivation resulted in cell division blockage, reduction in Chl a and remarkable changes in pH, whereas a significant increase in the H2 production was observed after 24 h. The highest cumulative H2 productivity was observed in N-deficient medium (300 μL/L, day 9) followed by Mn-deficient medium (250 μL/L, day 7). The highest H2 production rate (3.37 μL/L/h) was achieved by Mn-deficient medium after 24 h. In terms of fatty acid composition, P. kessleri exhibited a differential response to different nutrient stresses. Under aerobic conditions, N-deficient media resulted in the highest lipid content (119% compared to control, day 7), whereas earlier lipid induction at (1-3 days) was observed with Mn- and S-deficient media with 18-91% and 25-34% increase, respectively, compared with the replete control. Meanwhile, higher lipid content was observed under anaerobic conditions combined with Mn-, N-, P- and S-deprived media (day 1) with 20%, 13%, 8% and 7% increases respectively compared with the control. This investigation, for the first time clearly, highlights the potential of P. kessleri as a sustainable biorefinery platform, for H2 and fatty acid bio-production under anaerobic conditions. KEY POINTS: • Parachlorella kessleri could provide a future sustainable biorefinery platform. • Nutrient-deprived anaerobic conditions blocked cell growth but differentially induced H2 production. • Nutrient status, under both aerobic/anaerobic conditions, alters lipids and fatty acids profile of P. kessleri. • Nutrient-deprived (N- and Mn-) anaerobic conditions: future biorefinery platform.
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Nwankwegu AS, Li Y, Huang Y, Wei J, Norgbey E, Ji D, Pu Y, Nuamah LA, Yang Z, Jiang Y, Paerl HW. Nitrate repletion during spring bloom intensifies phytoplankton iron demand in Yangtze River tributary, China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 264:114626. [PMID: 32387673 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Most aquatic systems show characteristic seasonal fluctuations in the total nutrient pool supporting primary productivity. The nutrient dynamics essentially exacerbate critical demand for the counterpart micronutrients towards achieving ecosystem equilibrium. Herein, the phytoplankton demand for iron (Fe) uptake under high concentration of nitrate-nitrogen during spring in Xiangxi Bay, China, was studied. Our result confirmed that significant Fe concentrations (P = 0.01) in both autumn (0.62 ± 0.02 mgL-1) and winter (0.06 ± 0.03 mgL-1) relative to spring (0.004 ± 0.01 mgL-1) are linked to the low NO3-N paradigms during autumn and winter. As NO3-N showed a sharp increase in spring, a dramatic reduction in the Fe pool was observed in the entire tributary, driving the system to a critical Fe limited condition. Bioassay study involving Fe additions both alone and in combinations led to maximum growth stimulation with biomass as chla (16.44 ± 0.82 μgL-1) and phytoplankton cell density (6.75 × 106 cellsL-1) which differed significantly (P = 0.03) with the control. Further, the study demonstrated that Fe additions triggered biomass productions which increased linearly with cell densities. The P alone addition caused biomass production (15.26 ± 2.51 μgL-1) greater than both NO3-N (9.15 ± 0.66 μgL-1) and NH4+N (13.65 ± 1.68 μgL-1) separate additions but reported a low aggregate cell density (3.18 × 106 cellsL-1). This indicates that nutrient and taxonomic characteristics e.g., high cell pigment contents rather than just the cell bio-volume also determine biomass. The Bacilliarophyta, Chlorophyta, and Cryptophyta with the total extinction of Cyanophyta characterized the bloom in spring. The anthropogenic NO3-N input into XXB would have driven to higher NO3-N than NH4+N situation, and incapacitated the Cyanophyta that preferentially utilize NH4+N. Our study provides a useful report for incorporation into the monitoring programs for prudent management of phytoplankton bloom and pollution across the eutrophic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amechi S Nwankwegu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, No.1 Xikang Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Yiping Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, No.1 Xikang Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210098, China.
| | - Yanan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, No.1 Xikang Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Jin Wei
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, No.1 Xikang Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Eyram Norgbey
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, No.1 Xikang Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Daobin Ji
- College of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, Hubei, China
| | - Yashuai Pu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, No.1 Xikang Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Linda A Nuamah
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, No.1 Xikang Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Zhengjian Yang
- College of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, Hubei, China
| | - Yufeng Jiang
- Nanjing Hohai Technology Co., Ltd, Nanjing, 210016, China
| | - Hans W Paerl
- Institute of Marine Sciences, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Morehead City, NC, USA
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Cope JE, Russell J, Norton GJ, George TS, Newton AC. Assessing the variation in manganese use efficiency traits in Scottish barley landrace Bere (Hordeum vulgare L.). ANNALS OF BOTANY 2020; 126:289-300. [PMID: 32333775 PMCID: PMC7380464 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcaa079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Manganese (Mn) deficiency in barley is a global problem. It is difficult to detect in the early stages of symptom development and is commonly pre-emptively corrected by Mn foliar sprays that can be costly. Landraces adapted to marginal lands around the world represent a genetic resource for potential sustainability traits including mineral use efficiency. This research aims to confirm novel Mn use efficiency traits from the Scottish landrace Bere and use an association mapping approach to identify genetic loci associated with the trait. METHODS A hydroponic system was developed to identify and characterize the Mn deficiency tolerance traits in a collection of landraces, including a large number of Scottish Bere barleys, a group of six-rowed heritage landraces grown in the highlands and islands of Scotland. Measuring chlorophyll fluorescence, the effect of Mn deficiency was identified in the early stages of development. Genotypic data, generated using the 50k Illumina iSelect genotyping array, were coupled with the Mn phenotypic data to create a genome-wide association study (GWAS) identifying candidate loci associated with Mn use efficiency. KEY RESULTS The Bere lines generally had good Mn use efficiency traits. Individual Bere lines showed large efficiencies, with some Bere lines recording almost double chlorophyll fluorescence readings in limited Mn conditions compared with the elite cultivar Scholar. The Mn-efficient Bere lines had increased accumulation of Mn in their shoot biomass compared with elite cultivars, which was highly correlated to the chlorophyll fluorescence. Several candidate genes were identified as being associated with Mn use efficiency in the GWAS. CONCLUSIONS Several genomic regions for Mn use efficiency traits originating from the Bere lines were identified. Further examination and validation of these regions should be undertaken to identify candidate genes for future breeding for marginal lands.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gareth J Norton
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
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Jensen EL, Maberly SC, Gontero B. Insights on the Functions and Ecophysiological Relevance of the Diverse Carbonic Anhydrases in Microalgae. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E2922. [PMID: 32331234 PMCID: PMC7215798 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21082922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) exist in all kingdoms of life. They are metalloenzymes, often containing zinc, that catalyze the interconversion of bicarbonate and carbon dioxide-a ubiquitous reaction involved in a variety of cellular processes. So far, eight classes of apparently evolutionary unrelated CAs that are present in a large diversity of living organisms have been described. In this review, we focus on the diversity of CAs and their roles in photosynthetic microalgae. We describe their essential role in carbon dioxide-concentrating mechanisms and photosynthesis, their regulation, as well as their less studied roles in non-photosynthetic processes. We also discuss the presence in some microalgae, especially diatoms, of cambialistic CAs (i.e., CAs that can replace Zn by Co, Cd, or Fe) and, more recently, a CA that uses Mn as a metal cofactor, with potential ecological relevance in aquatic environments where trace metal concentrations are low. There has been a recent explosion of knowledge about this well-known enzyme with exciting future opportunities to answer outstanding questions using a range of different approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik L. Jensen
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, BIP, UMR 7281, IMM, FR3479, 31 Chemin J. Aiguier, CEDEX 20, 13 402 Marseille, France;
| | - Stephen C. Maberly
- UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lake Ecosystems Group, Lancaster Environment Centre, Library Avenue, Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1 4AP, UK;
| | - Brigitte Gontero
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, BIP, UMR 7281, IMM, FR3479, 31 Chemin J. Aiguier, CEDEX 20, 13 402 Marseille, France;
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Alejandro S, Höller S, Meier B, Peiter E. Manganese in Plants: From Acquisition to Subcellular Allocation. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:300. [PMID: 32273877 PMCID: PMC7113377 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) is an important micronutrient for plant growth and development and sustains metabolic roles within different plant cell compartments. The metal is an essential cofactor for the oxygen-evolving complex (OEC) of the photosynthetic machinery, catalyzing the water-splitting reaction in photosystem II (PSII). Despite the importance of Mn for photosynthesis and other processes, the physiological relevance of Mn uptake and compartmentation in plants has been underrated. The subcellular Mn homeostasis to maintain compartmented Mn-dependent metabolic processes like glycosylation, ROS scavenging, and photosynthesis is mediated by a multitude of transport proteins from diverse gene families. However, Mn homeostasis may be disturbed under suboptimal or excessive Mn availability. Mn deficiency is a serious, widespread plant nutritional disorder in dry, well-aerated and calcareous soils, as well as in soils containing high amounts of organic matter, where bio-availability of Mn can decrease far below the level that is required for normal plant growth. By contrast, Mn toxicity occurs on poorly drained and acidic soils in which high amounts of Mn are rendered available. Consequently, plants have evolved mechanisms to tightly regulate Mn uptake, trafficking, and storage. This review provides a comprehensive overview, with a focus on recent advances, on the multiple functions of transporters involved in Mn homeostasis, as well as their regulatory mechanisms in the plant's response to different conditions of Mn availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Alejandro
- Plant Nutrition Laboratory, Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Salle), Germany
| | | | | | - Edgar Peiter
- Plant Nutrition Laboratory, Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Salle), Germany
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Ibuot A, Dean AP, Pittman JK. Multi-genomic analysis of the cation diffusion facilitator transporters from algae. Metallomics 2020; 12:617-630. [PMID: 32195517 DOI: 10.1039/d0mt00009d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Metal transport processes are relatively poorly understood in algae in comparison to higher plants and other eukaryotes. A screen of genomes from 33 taxonomically diverse algal species was conducted to identify members of the Cation Diffusion Facilitator (CDF) family of metal ion transporter. All algal genomes contained at least one CDF gene with four species having >10 CDF genes (median of 5 genes per genome), further confirming that this is a ubiquitous gene family. Phylogenetic analysis suggested a CDF gene organisation of five groups, which includes Zn-CDF, Fe/Zn-CDF and Mn-CDF groups, consistent with previous phylogenetic analyses, and two functionally undefined groups. One of these undefined groups was algal specific although excluded chlorophyte and rhodophyte sequences. The majority of sequences (22 out of 26 sequences) from this group had a putative ion binding site motif within transmembrane domain 2 and 5 that was distinct from other CDF proteins, such that alanine or serine replaced the conserved histidine residue. The phylogenetic grouping was supported by sequence cluster analysis. Yeast heterologous expression of CDF proteins from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii indicated Zn2+ and Co2+ transport function by CrMTP1, and Mn2+ transport function by CrMTP2, CrMTP3 and CrMTP4, which validated the phylogenetic prediction. However, the Mn-CDF protein CrMTP3 was also able to provide zinc and cobalt tolerance to the Zn- and Co-sensitive zrc1 cot1 yeast strain. There is wide diversity of CDF transporters within the algae lineage, and some of these genes may be attractive targets for future applications of metal content engineering in plants or microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aniefon Ibuot
- Department of Science Technology, Akwa Ibom State Polytechnic, P.M.B. 1200 Ikot Ekpene, Ikot Osurua, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
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Munz J, Xiong Y, Kim JYH, Sung YJ, Seo S, Hong RH, Kariyawasam T, Shelley N, Lee J, Sim SJ, Jin E, Lee JH. Arginine-fed cultures generates triacylglycerol by triggering nitrogen starvation responses during robust growth in Chlamydomonas. ALGAL RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2019.101782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Salomé PA. Sabeeha Merchant. THE PLANT CELL 2019; 31:2814-2816. [PMID: 31628163 PMCID: PMC6925020 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.19.00817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrice A Salomé
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryUniversity of California, Los Angeles
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37
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The Biochemical Properties of Manganese in Plants. PLANTS 2019; 8:plants8100381. [PMID: 31569811 PMCID: PMC6843630 DOI: 10.3390/plants8100381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) is an essential micronutrient with many functional roles in plant metabolism. Manganese acts as an activator and co-factor of hundreds of metalloenzymes in plants. Because of its ability to readily change oxidation state in biological systems, Mn plays and important role in a broad range of enzyme-catalyzed reactions, including redox reactions, phosphorylation, decarboxylation, and hydrolysis. Manganese(II) is the prevalent oxidation state of Mn in plants and exhibits fast ligand exchange kinetics, which means that Mn can often be substituted by other metal ions, such as Mg(II), which has similar ion characteristics and requirements to the ligand environment of the metal binding sites. Knowledge of the molecular mechanisms catalyzed by Mn and regulation of Mn insertion into the active site of Mn-dependent enzymes, in the presence of other metals, is gradually evolving. This review presents an overview of the chemistry and biochemistry of Mn in plants, including an updated list of known Mn-dependent enzymes, together with enzymes where Mn has been shown to exchange with other metal ions. Furthermore, the current knowledge of the structure and functional role of the three most well characterized Mn-containing metalloenzymes in plants; the oxygen evolving complex of photosystem II, Mn superoxide dismutase, and oxalate oxidase is summarized.
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Tsednee M, Castruita M, Salomé PA, Sharma A, Lewis BE, Schmollinger SR, Strenkert D, Holbrook K, Otegui MS, Khatua K, Das S, Datta A, Chen S, Ramon C, Ralle M, Weber PK, Stemmler TL, Pett-Ridge J, Hoffman BM, Merchant SS. Manganese co-localizes with calcium and phosphorus in Chlamydomonas acidocalcisomes and is mobilized in manganese-deficient conditions. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:17626-17641. [PMID: 31527081 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.009130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposing cells to excess metal concentrations well beyond the cellular quota is a powerful tool for understanding the molecular mechanisms of metal homeostasis. Such improved understanding may enable bioengineering of organisms with improved nutrition and bioremediation capacity. We report here that Chlamydomonas reinhardtii can accumulate manganese (Mn) in proportion to extracellular supply, up to 30-fold greater than its typical quota and with remarkable tolerance. As visualized by X-ray fluorescence microscopy and nanoscale secondary ion MS (nanoSIMS), Mn largely co-localizes with phosphorus (P) and calcium (Ca), consistent with the Mn-accumulating site being an acidic vacuole, known as the acidocalcisome. Vacuolar Mn stores are accessible reserves that can be mobilized in Mn-deficient conditions to support algal growth. We noted that Mn accumulation depends on cellular polyphosphate (polyP) content, indicated by 1) a consistent failure of C. reinhardtii vtc1 mutant strains, which are deficient in polyphosphate synthesis, to accumulate Mn and 2) a drastic reduction of the Mn storage capacity in P-deficient cells. Rather surprisingly, X-ray absorption spectroscopy, EPR, and electron nuclear double resonance revealed that only little Mn2+ is stably complexed with polyP, indicating that polyP is not the final Mn ligand. We propose that polyPs are a critical component of Mn accumulation in Chlamydomonas by driving Mn relocation from the cytosol to acidocalcisomes. Within these structures, polyP may, in turn, escort vacuolar Mn to a number of storage ligands, including phosphate and phytate, and other, yet unidentified, compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Madeli Castruita
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Patrice A Salomé
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095.,Institute for Genomics and Proteomics, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Ajay Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208
| | - Brianne E Lewis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - Stefan R Schmollinger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095.,Institute for Genomics and Proteomics, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Daniela Strenkert
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095.,Institute for Genomics and Proteomics, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Kristen Holbrook
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Marisa S Otegui
- Departments of Botany and Genetics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
| | - Kaustav Khatua
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai 400005, India
| | - Sayani Das
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai 400005, India
| | - Ankona Datta
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai 400005, India
| | - Si Chen
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439
| | - Christina Ramon
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - Martina Ralle
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239
| | - Peter K Weber
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - Timothy L Stemmler
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - Jennifer Pett-Ridge
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - Brian M Hoffman
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208
| | - Sabeeha S Merchant
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095 .,Institute for Genomics and Proteomics, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095
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Iron and manganese co-limit growth of the Southern Ocean diatom Chaetoceros debilis. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0221959. [PMID: 31525212 PMCID: PMC6746383 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In some parts of the Southern Ocean (SO), even though low surface concentrations of iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) indicate FeMn co-limitation, we still lack an understanding on how Mn and Fe availability influences SO phytoplankton ecophysiology. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of Fe and Mn limitation alone as well as their combination on growth, photophysiology and particulate organic carbon production of the bloom-forming Antarctic diatom Chaetoceros debilis. Our results clearly show that growth, photochemical efficiency and carbon production of C. debilis were co-limited by Fe and Mn as highest values were only reached when both nutrients were provided. Even though Mn-deficient cells had higher photochemical efficiencies than Fe-limited ones, they, however, displayed similar low growth and POC production rates, indicating that Mn limitation alone drastically impeded the cell’s performance. These results demonstrate that similar to low Fe concentrations, low Mn availability inhibits growth and carbon production of C. debilis. As a result from different species-specific trace metal requirements, SO phytoplankton species distribution and productivity may therefore not solely depend on the input of Fe alone, but also critically on Mn acting together as important drivers of SO phytoplankton ecology and biogeochemistry.
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40
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Cheng L, Zhang S, Yang L, Wang Y, Yu B, Zhang F. Comparative proteomics illustrates the complexity of Fe, Mn and Zn deficiency-responsive mechanisms of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) plants in vitro. PLANTA 2019; 250:199-217. [PMID: 30976909 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-019-03163-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The present study is the first to integrate physiological and proteomic data providing information on Fe, Mn and Zn deficiency-responsive mechanisms of potato plants in vitro. Micronutrient deficiency is an important limiting factor for potato production that causes substantial tuber yield and quality losses. To under the underlying molecular mechanisms of potato in response to Fe, Mn and Zn deficiency, a comparative proteomic approach was applied. Leaf proteome change of in vitro-propagated potato plantlets subjected to a range of Fe-deficiency treatments (20, 10 and 0 μM Na-Fe-EDTA), Mn-deficiency treatments (1 and 0 μM MnCl2·4H2O) and Zn-deficiency treatment (0 μM ZnCl2) using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was analyzed. Quantitative image analysis showed a total of 146, 55 and 42 protein spots under Fe, Mn and Zn deficiency with their abundance significantly altered (P < 0.05) more than twofold, respectively. By MALDI-TOF/TOF MS analyses, the differentially abundant proteins were found mainly involved in bioenergy and metabolism, photosynthesis, defence, redox homeostasis and protein biosynthesis/degradation under the metal deficiencies. Signaling, transport, cellular structure and transcription-related proteins were also identified. The hierarchical clustering results revealed that these proteins were involved in a dynamic network in response to Fe, Mn and Zn deficiency. All these metal deficiencies caused cellular metabolic remodeling to improve metal acquisition and distribution in potato plants. The reduced photosynthetic efficiency occurred under each metal deficiency, yet Fe-deficient plants showed a more severe damage of photosynthesis. More defence mechanisms were induced by Fe deficiency than Mn and Zn deficiency, and the antioxidant systems showed different responses to each metal deficiency. Reprogramming of protein biosynthesis/degradation and assembly was more strongly required for acclimation to Fe deficiency. The signaling cascades involving auxin and NDPKs might also play roles in micronutrient stress signaling and pinpoint interesting candidates for future studies. Our results first provide an insight into the complex functional and regulatory networks in potato plants under Fe, Mn and Zn deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixiang Cheng
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement and Germplasm Enhancement, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Shaomei Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement and Germplasm Enhancement, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Lili Yang
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement and Germplasm Enhancement, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Yuping Wang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Bin Yu
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement and Germplasm Enhancement, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement and Germplasm Enhancement, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
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41
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Pokora W, Aksmann A, Baścik-Remisiewicz A, Dettlaff-Pokora A, Tukaj Z. Exogenously applied hydrogen peroxide modifies the course of the Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cell cycle. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 230:61-72. [PMID: 30170242 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2018.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The interaction of NO and H2O2 in the regulation of plant development is well documented. We have recently shown that the content of NO and H2O2 changes in a characteristic way during the cell cycle of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (Pokora et al., 2017), which implies participation of these molecules in the regulation of Chlamydomonas development. To verify this assumption, H2O2 was supplied at a concentration about 1.5 times higher than that determined in the control cells. Cells were synchronized by alternating the light/dark (10/14 h) regimen. H2O2 was added to zoospore suspensions, previously held in the dark, and cells growing for 3, 6, and 9 h in the light. The data indicate that, depending on the phase of the Chlamydomonas cell cycle, H2O2, via mild modification of redox homeostasis, may: a) accelerate or delay the duration of the cell cycle; b) increase the number of replication rounds occurring in one cell cycle; c) modify the biomass and cell volume of progeny cells and d) accelerate the liberation of daughter cells. This provides a tool to control the development of Chlamydomonas cell and thus offers the opportunity to obtain a population of cells with characteristics desired in biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Pokora
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, ul. Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Anna Aksmann
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, ul. Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Baścik-Remisiewicz
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, ul. Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | | | - Zbigniew Tukaj
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, ul. Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
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Physiological Roles of Plant Methionine Sulfoxide Reductases in Redox Homeostasis and Signaling. Antioxidants (Basel) 2018; 7:antiox7090114. [PMID: 30158486 PMCID: PMC6162775 DOI: 10.3390/antiox7090114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidation of methionine (Met) leads to the formation of two S- and R-diastereoisomers of Met sulfoxide (MetO) that are reduced back to Met by methionine sulfoxide reductases (MSRs), A and B, respectively. Here, we review the current knowledge about the physiological functions of plant MSRs in relation with subcellular and tissue distribution, expression patterns, mutant phenotypes, and possible targets. The data gained from modified lines of plant models and crop species indicate that MSRs play protective roles upon abiotic and biotic environmental constraints. They also participate in the control of the ageing process, as shown in seeds subjected to adverse conditions. Significant advances were achieved towards understanding how MSRs could fulfil these functions via the identification of partners among Met-rich or MetO-containing proteins, notably by using redox proteomic approaches. In addition to a global protective role against oxidative damage in proteins, plant MSRs could specifically preserve the activity of stress responsive effectors such as glutathione-S-transferases and chaperones. Moreover, several lines of evidence indicate that MSRs fulfil key signaling roles via interplays with Ca2+- and phosphorylation-dependent cascades, thus transmitting ROS-related information in transduction pathways.
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Eisenhut M, Hoecker N, Schmidt SB, Basgaran RM, Flachbart S, Jahns P, Eser T, Geimer S, Husted S, Weber APM, Leister D, Schneider A. The Plastid Envelope CHLOROPLAST MANGANESE TRANSPORTER1 Is Essential for Manganese Homeostasis in Arabidopsis. MOLECULAR PLANT 2018; 11:955-969. [PMID: 29734002 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2018.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The transition metal manganese (Mn) is indispensable for photoautotrophic growth since photosystem II (PSII) employs an inorganic Mn4CaO5 cluster for water splitting. Here, we show that the Arabidopsis membrane protein CHLOROPLAST MANGANESE TRANSPORTER1 (CMT1) is involved in chloroplast Mn homeostasis. CMT1 is the closest homolog of the previously characterized thylakoid Mn transporter PHOTOSYNTHESIS-AFFECTED MUTANT71 (PAM71). In contrast to PAM71, CMT1 resides at the chloroplast envelope and is ubiquitously expressed. Nonetheless, like PAM71, the expression of CMT1 can also alleviate the Mn-sensitive phenotype of yeast mutant Δpmr1. The cmt1 mutant is severely suppressed in growth, chloroplast ultrastructure, and PSII activity owing to a decrease in the amounts of pigments and thylakoid membrane proteins. The importance of CMT1 for chloroplast Mn homeostasis is demonstrated by the significant reduction in chloroplast Mn concentrations in cmt1-1, which exhibited reduced Mn binding in PSII complexes. Moreover, CMT1 expression is downregulated in Mn-surplus conditions. The pam71 cmt1-1double mutant resembles the cmt1-1 single mutant rather than pam71 in most respects. Taken together, our results suggest that CMT1 mediates Mn2+ uptake into the chloroplast stroma, and that CMT1 and PAM71 function sequentially in Mn delivery to PSII across the chloroplast envelope and the thylakoid membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Eisenhut
- Biochemie der Pflanzen, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Science (CEPLAS), Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Natalie Hoecker
- Molekularbiologie der Pflanzen (Botanik), Department Biologie I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Sidsel Birkelund Schmidt
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences and Copenhagen Plant Science Centre (CPSC), Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Rubek Merina Basgaran
- Biochemie der Pflanzen, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Science (CEPLAS), Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Samantha Flachbart
- Biochemie der Pflanzen, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Science (CEPLAS), Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Peter Jahns
- Biochemie der Pflanzen, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Science (CEPLAS), Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tabea Eser
- Molekularbiologie der Pflanzen (Botanik), Department Biologie I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Stefan Geimer
- Zellbiologie/Elektronenmikroskopie NW I/B1, Universität Bayreuth, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Søren Husted
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences and Copenhagen Plant Science Centre (CPSC), Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Andreas P M Weber
- Biochemie der Pflanzen, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Science (CEPLAS), Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Dario Leister
- Molekularbiologie der Pflanzen (Botanik), Department Biologie I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Anja Schneider
- Molekularbiologie der Pflanzen (Botanik), Department Biologie I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 82152 Martinsried, Germany.
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Zhang B, Zhang C, Liu C, Jing Y, Wang Y, Jin L, Yang L, Fu A, Shi J, Zhao F, Lan W, Luan S. Inner Envelope CHLOROPLAST MANGANESE TRANSPORTER 1 Supports Manganese Homeostasis and Phototrophic Growth in Arabidopsis. MOLECULAR PLANT 2018; 11:943-954. [PMID: 29734003 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2018.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) is an essential catalytic metal in the Mn-cluster that oxidizes water to produce oxygen during photosynthesis. However, the transport protein(s) responsible for Mn2+ import into the chloroplast remains unknown. Here, we report the characterization of Arabidopsis CMT1 (Chloroplast Manganese Transporter 1), an evolutionarily conserved protein in the Uncharacterized Protein Family 0016 (UPF0016), that is required for manganese accumulation into the chloroplast. CMT1 is expressed primarily in green tissues, and its encoded product is localized in the inner envelope membrane of the chloroplast. Disruption of CMT1 in the T-DNA insertional mutant cmt1-1 resulted in stunted plant growth, defective thylakoid stacking, and severe reduction of photosystem II complexes and photosynthetic activity. Consistent with reduced oxygen evolution capacity, the mutant chloroplasts contained less manganese than the wild-type ones. In support of its function as a Mn transporter, CMT1 protein supported the growth and enabled Mn2+ accumulation in the yeast cells of Mn2+-uptake deficient mutant (Δsmf1). Taken together, our results indicate that CMT1 functions as an inner envelope Mn transporter responsible for chloroplast Mn2+ uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhang
- Nanjing University-Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; The Key Laboratory of Western Resources Biology and Biological Technology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Nanjing University-Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; The Key Laboratory of Western Resources Biology and Biological Technology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Congge Liu
- Nanjing University-Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yanping Jing
- Nanjing University-Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Nanjing University-Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Ling Jin
- Nanjing University-Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Nanjing University-Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Aigen Fu
- The Key Laboratory of Western Resources Biology and Biological Technology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jisen Shi
- Nanjing University-Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Biotechnology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Fugeng Zhao
- Nanjing University-Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Wenzhi Lan
- Nanjing University-Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
| | - Sheng Luan
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
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Pereira TS, Pereira TS, Souza CLFDC, Lima EJA, Batista BL, Lobato AKDS. Silicon deposition in roots minimizes the cadmium accumulation and oxidative stress in leaves of cowpea plants. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 24:99-114. [PMID: 29398842 PMCID: PMC5787125 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-017-0494-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Silicon (Si) frequently accumulates in plants tissues, mainly in roots of dicotyledons, such as cowpea. By contrast, Cadmium (Cd) is a metal that is extremely toxic to plant metabolism. This research aims to investigate if the deposition of Si in root can reduce Cd contents and minimize its negative effects on leaves, measuring gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence, antioxidant metabolism, photosynthetic pigments and growth, which may explain the possible role of Si in the attenuation of Cd toxicity in cowpea. This study had a factorial design, with all factors completely randomized and two Cd concentrations (0 and 500 µM Cd, termed as - Cd and + Cd, respectively) and three Si concentrations (0, 1.25 and 2.50 mM Si). Si reduced Cd contents in the roots and in other plant organs, such as stems and leaves. The Si contents were highest in roots, followed by stems and leaves, which was explained by the passive absorption of Si. The application of Si promoted increase in both the macro- and micronutrient contents in all tissues, suggesting that Si mitigates the effect of Cd on nutrient uptake. Si attenuated Cd-mediated effects on light absorption of photosystem II (PSII), increasing the effective quantum yield of PSII photochemistry and the electron transport rate. Additionally, toxic effects induced by Cd on gas exchange were mitigated by the action of Si. Plants treated with Cd + Si showed increase in the activities of antioxidant enzymes and reductions in oxidant compounds; these modifications were promoted by Si via detoxification mechanisms. Increases in the photosynthetic pigments and growth of plants treated with Si and exposed to Cd stress were detected and were due to the reduced deterioration of cell membranes and maintenance of chloroplasts, which had positive repercussions on growth and development. This study validated the hypothesis that the accumulation of Si in roots induces benefits on metabolism and alleviates the toxic effects caused by Cd in leaves of cowpea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talitha Soares Pereira
- Núcleo de Pesquisa Vegetal Básica e Aplicada, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Rodovia PA 256, Paragominas, Pará Brazil
| | - Thaís Soares Pereira
- Núcleo de Pesquisa Vegetal Básica e Aplicada, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Rodovia PA 256, Paragominas, Pará Brazil
| | | | - Emilly Juliane Alvino Lima
- Núcleo de Pesquisa Vegetal Básica e Aplicada, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Rodovia PA 256, Paragominas, Pará Brazil
| | - Bruno Lemos Batista
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Allan Klynger da Silva Lobato
- Núcleo de Pesquisa Vegetal Básica e Aplicada, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Rodovia PA 256, Paragominas, Pará Brazil
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Alejandro S, Cailliatte R, Alcon C, Dirick L, Domergue F, Correia D, Castaings L, Briat JF, Mari S, Curie C. Intracellular Distribution of Manganese by the Trans-Golgi Network Transporter NRAMP2 Is Critical for Photosynthesis and Cellular Redox Homeostasis. THE PLANT CELL 2017; 29:3068-3084. [PMID: 29180598 PMCID: PMC5757278 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.17.00578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Plants require trace levels of manganese (Mn) for survival, as it is an essential cofactor in oxygen metabolism, especially O2 production via photosynthesis and the disposal of superoxide radicals. These processes occur in specialized organelles, requiring membrane-bound intracellular transporters to partition Mn between cell compartments. We identified an Arabidopsis thaliana member of the NRAMP family of divalent metal transporters, NRAMP2, which functions in the intracellular distribution of Mn. Two knockdown alleles of NRAMP2 showed decreased activity of photosystem II and increased oxidative stress under Mn-deficient conditions, yet total Mn content remained unchanged. At the subcellular level, these phenotypes were associated with a loss of Mn content in vacuoles and chloroplasts. NRAMP2 was able to rescue the mitochondrial yeast mutant mtm1∆ In plants, NRAMP2 is a resident protein of the trans-Golgi network. NRAMP2 may act indirectly on downstream organelles by building up a cytosolic pool that is used to feed target compartments. Moreover, not only does the nramp2 mutant accumulate superoxide ions, but NRAMP2 can functionally replace cytosolic superoxide dismutase in yeast, indicating that the pool of Mn displaced by NRAMP2 is required for the detoxification of reactive oxygen species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Alejandro
- BPMP, CNRS, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Université de Montpellier, F-34060 Montpellier, France
| | - Rémy Cailliatte
- BPMP, CNRS, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Université de Montpellier, F-34060 Montpellier, France
| | - Carine Alcon
- BPMP, CNRS, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Université de Montpellier, F-34060 Montpellier, France
| | - Léon Dirick
- BPMP, CNRS, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Université de Montpellier, F-34060 Montpellier, France
| | - Frédéric Domergue
- Laboratoire de Biogénèse Membranaire CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, UMR 5200, F-33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - David Correia
- BPMP, CNRS, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Université de Montpellier, F-34060 Montpellier, France
| | - Loren Castaings
- BPMP, CNRS, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Université de Montpellier, F-34060 Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-François Briat
- BPMP, CNRS, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Université de Montpellier, F-34060 Montpellier, France
| | - Stéphane Mari
- BPMP, CNRS, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Université de Montpellier, F-34060 Montpellier, France
| | - Catherine Curie
- BPMP, CNRS, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Université de Montpellier, F-34060 Montpellier, France
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Lešková A, Giehl RFH, Hartmann A, Fargašová A, von Wirén N. Heavy Metals Induce Iron Deficiency Responses at Different Hierarchic and Regulatory Levels. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 174:1648-1668. [PMID: 28500270 PMCID: PMC5490887 DOI: 10.1104/pp.16.01916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
In plants, the excess of several heavy metals mimics iron (Fe) deficiency-induced chlorosis, indicating a disturbance in Fe homeostasis. To examine the level at which heavy metals interfere with Fe deficiency responses, we carried out an in-depth characterization of Fe-related physiological, regulatory, and morphological responses in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) exposed to heavy metals. Enhanced zinc (Zn) uptake closely mimicked Fe deficiency by leading to low chlorophyll but high ferric-chelate reductase activity and coumarin release. These responses were not caused by Zn-inhibited Fe uptake via IRON-REGULATED TRANSPORTER (IRT1). Instead, Zn simulated the transcriptional response of typical Fe-regulated genes, indicating that Zn affects Fe homeostasis at the level of Fe sensing. Excess supplies of cobalt and nickel altered root traits in a different way from Fe deficiency, inducing only transient Fe deficiency responses, which were characterized by a lack of induction of the ethylene pathway. Cadmium showed a rather inconsistent influence on Fe deficiency responses at multiple levels. By contrast, manganese evoked weak Fe deficiency responses in wild-type plants but strongly exacerbated chlorosis in irt1 plants, indicating that manganese antagonized Fe mainly at the level of transport. These results show that the investigated heavy metals modulate Fe deficiency responses at different hierarchic and regulatory levels and that the interaction of metals with physiological and morphological Fe deficiency responses is uncoupled. Thus, this study not only emphasizes the importance of assessing heavy metal toxicities at multiple levels but also provides a new perspective on how Fe deficiency contributes to the toxic action of individual heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Lešková
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Leibniz Institute for Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, 06466 Gatersleben, Germany
- Department of Environmental Ecology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, 84215 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Department of Plant Physiology, Plant Science and Biodiversity Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 84523 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ricardo F H Giehl
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Leibniz Institute for Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, 06466 Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Anja Hartmann
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Leibniz Institute for Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, 06466 Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Agáta Fargašová
- Department of Environmental Ecology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, 84215 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Nicolaus von Wirén
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Leibniz Institute for Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, 06466 Gatersleben, Germany
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48
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Metal bioremediation by CrMTP4 over-expressing Chlamydomonas reinhardtii in comparison to natural wastewater-tolerant microalgae strains. ALGAL RES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2017.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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49
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Ueno M, Nishiguchi T, Takeshita S, Yamaguchi K, Oda T. Effects of alginate oligomer on the expression of cell cycle- and stress-related genes in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2017; 81:1254-1260. [PMID: 28485218 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2017.1292836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Enzymatically prepared alginate oligomer (AO) promoted the growth of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii in a concentration-dependent manner. AO at 2.5 mg/mL induced increase in expression levels of cyclin A, cyclin B, and cyclin D in C. reinhardtii. CuSO4 at 100 μM suppressed the growth of C. reinhardtiin, and AO at 2.5 mg/mL significantly alleviated the toxicity of CuSO4. Increased intracellular reactive oxygen species level in C. reinhardtii induced by CuSO4 was reduced by AO. After cultivation with CuSO4 at 100 μM, expression levels of ascorbate peroxidase and superoxide dismutase in C. reinhardtii were increased, and AO reduced the increased levels of these enzymes. These results suggest that AO exhibits beneficial effects on C. reinhardtii through influencing the expression of various genes not only at normal growth condition but also under CuSO4 stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikinori Ueno
- a Graduate School of Fisheries Science and Environmental Studies , Nagasaki University , Nagasaki , Japan
| | - Tomoki Nishiguchi
- a Graduate School of Fisheries Science and Environmental Studies , Nagasaki University , Nagasaki , Japan
| | - Satoshi Takeshita
- b Joint Research Division , Center for Industry, University and Government Corporation, Nagasaki University , Nagasaki , Japan
| | - Kenichi Yamaguchi
- a Graduate School of Fisheries Science and Environmental Studies , Nagasaki University , Nagasaki , Japan
| | - Tatsuya Oda
- a Graduate School of Fisheries Science and Environmental Studies , Nagasaki University , Nagasaki , Japan
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50
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Pokora W, Aksmann A, Baścik-Remisiewicz A, Dettlaff-Pokora A, Rykaczewski M, Gappa M, Tukaj Z. Changes in nitric oxide/hydrogen peroxide content and cell cycle progression: Study with synchronized cultures of green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 208:84-93. [PMID: 27894022 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2016.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/09/2016] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the possible relationship between the changes in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and nitric oxide (NO) content and the course of growth and reproductive processes of the cell cycle of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. The peak of H2O2 observed at the beginning of the cell cycle was found to originate from Fe-SOD and Mn-SODchl. activity and result from the alternation in the photosynthetic processes caused by the dark-to-light transition of daughter cells. A rapid increase in NO concentration, observed before the light-to-dark cell transition, originated from NR and NIR activity and was followed by a photosynthesis-independent, Mn-SODchl.-mediated increases in H2O2 production. This H2O2 peak overlapped the beginning of Chlamydomonas cell division, which was indicated by a profile of CYCs and CDKs characteristic of cells' passage through the G1/S and S/M checkpoints. Taken together, our results show that there is a clear relationship between the course of the Chlamydomonas cell cycle and typical changes in the H2O2/NO ratio, as well as changes in expression and activity of enzymes involved in generation and scavenging of these signaling molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Pokora
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, University of Gdańsk, ul. Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Anna Aksmann
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, University of Gdańsk, ul. Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Baścik-Remisiewicz
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, University of Gdańsk, ul. Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | | | - Max Rykaczewski
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, University of Gdańsk, ul. Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Magdalena Gappa
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, University of Gdańsk, ul. Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Tukaj
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, University of Gdańsk, ul. Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
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