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Zhao Y, Deng L, Last RL, Hua W, Liu J. Psb28 protein is indispensable for stable accumulation of PSII core complexes in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 38796842 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Enhancing the efficiency of photosynthesis represents a promising strategy to improve crop yields, with keeping the steady state of PSII being key to determining the photosynthetic performance. However, the mechanisms whereby the stability of PSII is maintained in oxygenic organisms remain to be explored. Here, we report that the Psb28 protein functions in regulating the homeostasis of PSII under different light conditions in Arabidopsis thaliana. The psb28 mutant is much smaller than the wild-type plants under normal growth light, which is due to its significantly reduced PSII activity. Similar defects were seen under low light and became more pronounced under photoinhibitory light. Notably, the amounts of PSII core complexes and core subunits are specifically decreased in psb28, whereas the abundance of other representative components of photosynthetic complexes remains largely unaltered. Although the PSII activity of psb28 was severely reduced when subjected to high light, its recovery from photoinactivation was not affected. By contrast, the degradation of PSII core protein subunits is dramatically accelerated in the presence of lincomycin. These results indicate that psb28 is defective in the photoprotection of PSII, which is consistent with the observation that the overall NPQ is much lower in psb28 compared to the wild type. Moreover, the Psb28 protein is associated with PSII core complexes and interacts mainly with the CP47 subunit of PSII core. Taken together, these findings reveal an important role for Psb28 in the protection and stabilization of PSII core in response to changes in light environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Zhao
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430062, China
- Huazhong Agricultural University, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Linbin Deng
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Robert L Last
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, 48824, USA
- Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, 48824, USA
| | - Wei Hua
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430062, China
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Dai GZ, Song WY, Xu HF, Tu M, Yu C, Li ZK, Shang JL, Jin CL, Ding CS, Zuo LZ, Liu YR, Yan WW, Zang SS, Liu K, Zhang Z, Bock R, Qiu BS. Hypothetical chloroplast reading frame 51 encodes a photosystem I assembly factor in cyanobacteria. THE PLANT CELL 2024; 36:1844-1867. [PMID: 38146915 PMCID: PMC11062458 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koad330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Hypothetical chloroplast open reading frames (ycfs) are putative genes in the plastid genomes of photosynthetic eukaryotes. Many ycfs are also conserved in the genomes of cyanobacteria, the presumptive ancestors of present-day chloroplasts. The functions of many ycfs are still unknown. Here, we generated knock-out mutants for ycf51 (sll1702) in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. The mutants showed reduced photoautotrophic growth due to impaired electron transport between photosystem II (PSII) and PSI. This phenotype results from greatly reduced PSI content in the ycf51 mutant. The ycf51 disruption had little effect on the transcription of genes encoding photosynthetic complex components and the stabilization of the PSI complex. In vitro and in vivo analyses demonstrated that Ycf51 cooperates with PSI assembly factor Ycf3 to mediate PSI assembly. Furthermore, Ycf51 interacts with the PSI subunit PsaC. Together with its specific localization in the thylakoid membrane and the stromal exposure of its hydrophilic region, our data suggest that Ycf51 is involved in PSI complex assembly. Ycf51 is conserved in all sequenced cyanobacteria, including the earliest branching cyanobacteria of the Gloeobacter genus, and is also present in the plastid genomes of glaucophytes. However, Ycf51 has been lost from other photosynthetic eukaryotic lineages. Thus, Ycf51 is a PSI assembly factor that has been functionally replaced during the evolution of oxygenic photosynthetic eukaryotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Zheng Dai
- School of Life Sciences, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Wei-Yu Song
- School of Life Sciences, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Hai-Feng Xu
- School of Life Sciences, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Miao Tu
- School of Life Sciences, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Chen Yu
- School of Life Sciences, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Zheng-Ke Li
- School of Life Sciences, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Jin-Long Shang
- School of Life Sciences, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Chun-Lei Jin
- School of Life Sciences, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Chao-Shun Ding
- School of Life Sciences, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Ling-Zi Zuo
- School of Life Sciences, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yan-Ru Liu
- School of Life Sciences, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Wei-Wei Yan
- School of Life Sciences, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Sha-Sha Zang
- School of Life Sciences, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Ke Liu
- School of Life Sciences, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Ralph Bock
- Department III, Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Bao-Sheng Qiu
- School of Life Sciences, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
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3
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Skotnicová P, Srivastava A, Aggarwal D, Talbot J, Karlínová I, Moos M, Mareš J, Bučinská L, Koník P, Šimek P, Tichý M, Sobotka R. A thylakoid biogenesis BtpA protein is required for the initial step of tetrapyrrole biosynthesis in cyanobacteria. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 241:1236-1249. [PMID: 37986097 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Biogenesis of the photosynthetic apparatus requires complicated molecular machinery, individual components of which are either poorly characterized or unknown. The BtpA protein has been described as a factor required for the stability of photosystem I (PSI) in cyanobacteria; however, how the BtpA stabilized PSI remains unexplained. To clarify the role of BtpA, we constructed and characterized the btpA-null mutant (ΔbtpA) in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. The mutant contained only c. 1% of chlorophyll and nearly no thylakoid membranes. However, this strain, growing only in the presence of glucose, was genetically unstable and readily generated suppressor mutations that restore the photoautotrophy. Two suppressor mutations were mapped into the hemA gene encoding glutamyl-tRNA reductase (GluTR) - the first enzyme of tetrapyrrole biosynthesis. Indeed, the GluTR was not detectable in the ΔbtpA mutant and the suppressor mutations restored biosynthesis of tetrapyrroles and photoautotrophy by increased GluTR expression or by improved GluTR stability/processivity. We further demonstrated that GluTR associates with a large BtpA oligomer and that BtpA is required for the stability of GluTR. Our results show that the BtpA protein is involved in the biogenesis of photosystems at the level of regulation of tetrapyrrole biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Skotnicová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre Algatech, Třeboň, 379 01, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, 370 05, Czech Republic
| | - Amit Srivastava
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre Algatech, Třeboň, 379 01, Czech Republic
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, Nanoscience Centre, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, 40014, Finland
| | - Divya Aggarwal
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre Algatech, Třeboň, 379 01, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, 370 05, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Talbot
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre Algatech, Třeboň, 379 01, Czech Republic
- Wicking Dementia Research and Education Centre, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tas., 7005, Australia
| | - Iva Karlínová
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice, 370 05, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Moos
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice, 370 05, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Mareš
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre Algatech, Třeboň, 379 01, Czech Republic
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice, 370 05, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Bučinská
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre Algatech, Třeboň, 379 01, Czech Republic
| | - Peter Koník
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre Algatech, Třeboň, 379 01, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, 370 05, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Šimek
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice, 370 05, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Tichý
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre Algatech, Třeboň, 379 01, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Sobotka
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre Algatech, Třeboň, 379 01, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, 370 05, Czech Republic
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Fadeeva M, Klaiman D, Kandiah E, Nelson N. Structure of native photosystem II assembly intermediate from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 14:1334608. [PMID: 38322422 PMCID: PMC10844431 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1334608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Photosystem II (PSII) is a dimer consisting of at least 13 nuclear-encoded and four chloroplast-encoded protein subunits that collectively function as a sunlight-driven oxidoreductase. In this study, we present the inaugural structure of a green alga PSII assembly intermediate (pre-PSII-int). This intermediate was isolated from chloroplast membranes of the temperature-sensitive mutant TSP4, cultivated for 14 hours at a non-permissive temperature. The assembly state comprises a monomer containing subunits A, B, C, D, E, F, H, I, K, and two novel assembly factors, Psb1 and Psb2. Psb1 is identified as a novel transmembrane helix located adjacent to PsbE and PsbF (cytochrome b559). The absence of PsbJ, typically found in mature PSII close to this position, indicates that Psb1 functions as an assembly factor. Psb2 is an eukaryotic homolog of the cyanobacterial assembly factor Psb27. The presence of iron, coupled with the absence of QA, QB, and the manganese cluster, implies a protective mechanism against photodamage and provides insights into the intricate assembly process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariia Fadeeva
- The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Daniel Klaiman
- The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Eaazhisai Kandiah
- CM01 Beamline, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), Grenoble, France
| | - Nathan Nelson
- The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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McQuillan JL, Cutolo EA, Evans C, Pandhal J. Proteomic characterization of a lutein-hyperaccumulating Chlamydomonas reinhardtii mutant reveals photoprotection-related factors as targets for increasing cellular carotenoid content. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS AND BIOPRODUCTS 2023; 16:166. [PMID: 37925447 PMCID: PMC10625216 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-023-02421-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microalgae are emerging hosts for the sustainable production of lutein, a high-value carotenoid; however, to be commercially competitive with existing systems, their capacity for lutein sequestration must be augmented. Previous attempts to boost microalgal lutein production have focussed on upregulating carotenoid biosynthetic enzymes, in part due to a lack of metabolic engineering targets for expanding lutein storage. RESULTS Here, we isolated a lutein hyper-producing mutant of the model green microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and characterized the metabolic mechanisms driving its enhanced lutein accumulation using label-free quantitative proteomics. Norflurazon- and high light-resistant C. reinhardtii mutants were screened to yield four mutant lines that produced significantly more lutein per cell compared to the CC-125 parental strain. Mutant 5 (Mut-5) exhibited a 5.4-fold increase in lutein content per cell, which to our knowledge is the highest fold increase of lutein in C. reinhardtii resulting from mutagenesis or metabolic engineering so far. Comparative proteomics of Mut-5 against its parental strain CC-125 revealed an increased abundance of light-harvesting complex-like proteins involved in photoprotection, among differences in pigment biosynthesis, central carbon metabolism, and translation. Further characterization of Mut-5 under varying light conditions revealed constitutive overexpression of the photoprotective proteins light-harvesting complex stress-related 1 (LHCSR1) and LHCSR3 and PSII subunit S regardless of light intensity, and increased accrual of total chlorophyll and carotenoids as light intensity increased. Although the photosynthetic efficiency of Mut-5 was comparatively lower than CC-125, the amplitude of non-photochemical quenching responses of Mut-5 was 4.5-fold higher than in CC-125 at low irradiance. CONCLUSIONS We used C. reinhardtii as a model green alga and identified light-harvesting complex-like proteins (among others) as potential metabolic engineering targets to enhance lutein accumulation in microalgae. These have the added value of imparting resistance to high light, although partially compromising photosynthetic efficiency. Further genetic characterization and engineering of Mut-5 could lead to the discovery of unknown players in photoprotective mechanisms and the development of a potent microalgal lutein production system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josie L McQuillan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, Mappin Street, Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK.
| | - Edoardo Andrea Cutolo
- Laboratory of Photosynthesis and Bioenergy, Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 15, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Caroline Evans
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, Mappin Street, Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK
| | - Jagroop Pandhal
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, Mappin Street, Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK.
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Ramachandran P, Pandey NK, Yadav RM, Suresh P, Kumar A, Subramanyam R. Photosynthetic efficiency and transcriptome analysis of Dunaliella salina under hypersaline: a retrograde signaling mechanism in the chloroplast. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1192258. [PMID: 37416885 PMCID: PMC10322210 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1192258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the molecular mechanisms of environmental salinity stress tolerance and acclimation strategies by photosynthetic organisms facilitates accelerating the genetic improvement of tolerant economically important crops. In this study, we have chosen the marine algae Dunaliella (D.) salina, a high-potential and unique organism that shows superior tolerance against abiotic stresses, especially hypersaline conditions. We have grown the cells in three different salt concentrations 1.5M NaCl (control), 2M NaCl, and 3M NaCl (hypersaline). Fast chlorophyll fluorescence analysis showed increased initial fluorescence (Fo) and decreased photosynthetic efficiency, indicating hampered photosystem II utilization capacity under hypersaline conditions. Also, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) localization studies and quantification revealed elevated accumulation of ROS was observed in the chloroplast in the 3M condition. Pigment analysis shows a deficit in chlorophyll content and increased carotenoid accumulation, especially lutein and zeaxanthin content. This study majorly explored the chloroplast transcripts of the D. salina cell as it is the major environmental sensor. Even though most of the photosystem transcripts showed moderate upregulation in hypersaline conditions in the transcriptome study, the western blot analysis showed degradation of the core as well as antenna proteins of both the photosystems. Among the upregulated chloroplast transcripts, chloroplast Tidi, flavodoxin IsiB, and carotenoid biosynthesis-related protein transcripts strongly proposed photosynthetic apparatus remodeling. Also, the transcriptomic study revealed the upregulation of the tetrapyrrole biosynthesis pathway (TPB) and identified the presence of a negative regulator of this pathway, called the s-FLP splicing variant. These observations point towards the accumulation of TPB pathway intermediates PROTO-IX, Mg-PROTO-IX, and P-Chlide, those earlier reported as retrograde signaling molecules. Our comparative transcriptomic approach along with biophysical and biochemical studies in D. salina grown under control (1.5 M NaCl) and hypersaline (3M NaCl) conditions, unveil an efficient retrograde signaling mechanism mediated remodeling of photosynthetic apparatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavithra Ramachandran
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Naveen Kumar Pandey
- Novelegene Technologies Pvt. Ltd, Genomics division, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Ranay Mohan Yadav
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Praveena Suresh
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Aman Kumar
- Novelegene Technologies Pvt. Ltd, Genomics division, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Rajagopal Subramanyam
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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Masuda T, Bečková M, Turóczy Z, Pilný J, Sobotka R, Trinugroho JP, Nixon PJ, Prášil O, Komenda J. Accumulation of Cyanobacterial Photosystem II Containing the 'Rogue' D1 Subunit Is Controlled by FtsH Protease and Synthesis of the Standard D1 Protein. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 64:660-673. [PMID: 36976618 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcad027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Unicellular diazotrophic cyanobacteria contribute significantly to the photosynthetic productivity of the ocean and the fixation of molecular nitrogen, with photosynthesis occurring during the day and nitrogen fixation during the night. In species like Crocosphaera watsonii WH8501, the decline in photosynthetic activity in the night is accompanied by the disassembly of oxygen-evolving photosystem II (PSII) complexes. Moreover, in the second half of the night phase, a small amount of rogue D1 (rD1), which is related to the standard form of the D1 subunit found in oxygen-evolving PSII, but of unknown function, accumulates but is quickly degraded at the start of the light phase. We show here that the removal of rD1 is independent of the rD1 transcript level, thylakoid redox state and trans-thylakoid pH but requires light and active protein synthesis. We also found that the maximal level of rD1 positively correlates with the maximal level of chlorophyll (Chl) biosynthesis precursors and enzymes, which suggests a possible role for rogue PSII (rPSII) in the activation of Chl biosynthesis just before or upon the onset of light, when new photosystems are synthesized. By studying strains of Synechocystis PCC 6803 expressing Crocosphaera rD1, we found that the accumulation of rD1 is controlled by the light-dependent synthesis of the standard D1 protein, which triggers the fast FtsH2-dependent degradation of rD1. Affinity purification of FLAG-tagged rD1 unequivocally demonstrated the incorporation of rD1 into a non-oxygen-evolving PSII complex, which we term rPSII. The complex lacks the extrinsic proteins stabilizing the oxygen-evolving Mn4CaO5 cluster but contains the Psb27 and Psb28-1 assembly factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takako Masuda
- Institute of Microbiology, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre Algatech, Opatovický mlýn, Třeboň 37901, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Bečková
- Institute of Microbiology, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre Algatech, Opatovický mlýn, Třeboň 37901, Czech Republic
| | - Zoltán Turóczy
- Institute of Microbiology, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre Algatech, Opatovický mlýn, Třeboň 37901, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Pilný
- Institute of Microbiology, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre Algatech, Opatovický mlýn, Třeboň 37901, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Sobotka
- Institute of Microbiology, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre Algatech, Opatovický mlýn, Třeboň 37901, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, České Budějovice 370 05, Czech Republic
| | - Joko P Trinugroho
- Sir Ernst Chain Building-Wolfson Laboratories, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Peter J Nixon
- Sir Ernst Chain Building-Wolfson Laboratories, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Ondřej Prášil
- Institute of Microbiology, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre Algatech, Opatovický mlýn, Třeboň 37901, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Komenda
- Institute of Microbiology, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre Algatech, Opatovický mlýn, Třeboň 37901, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, České Budějovice 370 05, Czech Republic
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8
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Xu C, Li J, Wang H, Liu H, Yu Z, Zhao Z. Whole-Transcriptome Sequencing Reveals a ceRNA Regulatory Network Associated with the Process of Periodic Albinism under Low Temperature in Baiye No. 1 ( Camellia sinensis). Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087162. [PMID: 37108322 PMCID: PMC10138444 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The young shoots of the tea plant Baiye No. 1 display an albino phenotype in the early spring under low environmental temperatures, and the leaves re-green like those of common tea cultivars during the warm season. Periodic albinism is precisely regulated by a complex gene network that leads to metabolic differences and enhances the nutritional value of tea leaves. Here, we identified messenger RNAs (mRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs), and microRNAs (miRNAs) to construct competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulatory networks. We performed whole-transcriptome sequencing of 12 samples from four periods (Bud, leaves not expanded; Alb, albino leaves; Med, re-greening leaves; and Gre, green leaves) and identified a total of 6325 differentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs), 667 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRNAs), 1702 differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs), and 122 differentially expressed circRNAs (DEcircRNAs). Furthermore, we constructed ceRNA networks on the basis of co-differential expression analyses which comprised 112, 35, 38, and 15 DEmRNAs, DEmiRNAs, DElncRNAs, and DEcircRNAs, respectively. Based on the regulatory networks, we identified important genes and their interactions with lncRNAs, circRNAs, and miRNAs during periodic albinism, including the ceRNA regulatory network centered on miR5021x, the GAMYB-miR159-lncRNA regulatory network, and the NAC035-miR319x-circRNA regulatory network. These regulatory networks might be involved in the response to cold stress, photosynthesis, chlorophyll synthesis, amino acid synthesis, and flavonoid accumulation. Our findings provide novel insights into ceRNA regulatory mechanisms involved in Baiye No. 1 during periodic albinism and will aid future studies of the molecular mechanisms underlying albinism mutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cunbin Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Propagation and Cultivation on Medicinal Plants, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Guizhou Institute of Technology, Guiyang 550003, China
| | - Jinling Li
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Propagation and Cultivation on Medicinal Plants, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Hualei Wang
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Propagation and Cultivation on Medicinal Plants, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Huijuan Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Propagation and Cultivation on Medicinal Plants, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Zhihai Yu
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Guizhou Institute of Technology, Guiyang 550003, China
| | - Zhi Zhao
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Propagation and Cultivation on Medicinal Plants, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
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Lambertz J, Meier-Credo J, Kucher S, Bordignon E, Langer JD, Nowaczyk MM. Isolation of a novel heterodimeric PSII complex via strep-tagged PsbO. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOENERGETICS 2023; 1864:148953. [PMID: 36572329 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2022.148953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The multi-subunit membrane protein complex photosystem II (PSII) catalyzes the light-driven oxidation of water and with this the initial step of photosynthetic electron transport in plants, algae, and cyanobacteria. Its biogenesis is coordinated by a network of auxiliary proteins that facilitate the stepwise assembly of individual subunits and cofactors, forming various intermediate complexes until fully functional mature PSII is present at the end of the process. In the current study, we purified PSII complexes from a mutant line of the thermophilic cyanobacterium Thermosynechococcus vestitus BP-1 in which the extrinsic subunit PsbO, characteristic for active PSII, was fused with an N-terminal Twin-Strep-tag. Three distinct PSII complexes were separated by ion-exchange chromatography after the initial affinity purification. Two complexes differ in their oligomeric state (monomeric and dimeric) but share the typical subunit composition of mature PSII. They are characterized by the very high oxygen evolving activity of approx. 6000 μmol O2·(mg Chl·h)-1. Analysis of the third (heterodimeric) PSII complex revealed lower oxygen evolving activity of approx. 3000 μmol O2·(mg Chl·h)-1 and a manganese content of 2.7 (±0.2) per reaction center compared to 3.7 (±0.2) of fully active PSII. Mass spectrometry and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy further indicated that PsbO is partially replaced by Psb27 in this PSII fraction, thus implying a role of this complex in PSII repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Lambertz
- Plant Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Jakob Meier-Credo
- Proteomics, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Max-von-Laue-Str. 3, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Svetlana Kucher
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Enrica Bordignon
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany; Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest Ansermet 30, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland(1)
| | - Julian D Langer
- Proteomics, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Max-von-Laue-Str. 3, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Proteomics, Max Planck Institute for Brain Research, Max-von-Laue-Str. 4, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Marc M Nowaczyk
- Plant Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany; Department of Biochemistry, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 3, 18059 Rostock, Germany(1).
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10
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Krynická V, Skotnicová P, Jackson PJ, Barnett S, Yu J, Wysocka A, Kaňa R, Dickman MJ, Nixon PJ, Hunter CN, Komenda J. FtsH4 protease controls biogenesis of the PSII complex by dual regulation of high light-inducible proteins. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 4:100502. [PMID: 36463410 PMCID: PMC9860182 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2022.100502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
FtsH proteases are membrane-embedded proteolytic complexes important for protein quality control and regulation of various physiological processes in bacteria, mitochondria, and chloroplasts. Like most cyanobacteria, the model species Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 contains four FtsH homologs, FtsH1-FtsH4. FtsH1-FtsH3 form two hetero-oligomeric complexes, FtsH1/3 and FtsH2/3, which play a pivotal role in acclimation to nutrient deficiency and photosystem II quality control, respectively. FtsH4 differs from the other three homologs by the formation of a homo-oligomeric complex, and together with Arabidopsis thaliana AtFtsH7/9 orthologs, it has been assigned to another phylogenetic group of unknown function. Our results exclude the possibility that Synechocystis FtsH4 structurally or functionally substitutes for the missing or non-functional FtsH2 subunit in the FtsH2/3 complex. Instead, we demonstrate that FtsH4 is involved in the biogenesis of photosystem II by dual regulation of high light-inducible proteins (Hlips). FtsH4 positively regulates expression of Hlips shortly after high light exposure but is also responsible for Hlip removal under conditions when their elevated levels are no longer needed. We provide experimental support for Hlips as proteolytic substrates of FtsH4. Fluorescent labeling of FtsH4 enabled us to assess its localization using advanced microscopic techniques. Results show that FtsH4 complexes are concentrated in well-defined membrane regions at the inner and outer periphery of the thylakoid system. Based on the identification of proteins that co-purified with the tagged FtsH4, we speculate that FtsH4 concentrates in special compartments in which the biogenesis of photosynthetic complexes takes place.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vendula Krynická
- The Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Microbiology, Centre Algatech, Novohradská 237, 379 01 Třeboň, Czech Republic.
| | - Petra Skotnicová
- The Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Microbiology, Centre Algatech, Novohradská 237, 379 01 Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Philip J Jackson
- Plants, Photosynthesis and Soil, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, UK
| | - Samuel Barnett
- Plants, Photosynthesis and Soil, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Jianfeng Yu
- Sir Ernst Chain Building-Wolfson Laboratories, Department of Life Sciences, South Kensington Campus, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Anna Wysocka
- The Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Microbiology, Centre Algatech, Novohradská 237, 379 01 Třeboň, Czech Republic; Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Kaňa
- The Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Microbiology, Centre Algatech, Novohradská 237, 379 01 Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Mark J Dickman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, UK
| | - Peter J Nixon
- Sir Ernst Chain Building-Wolfson Laboratories, Department of Life Sciences, South Kensington Campus, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - C Neil Hunter
- Plants, Photosynthesis and Soil, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Josef Komenda
- The Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Microbiology, Centre Algatech, Novohradská 237, 379 01 Třeboň, Czech Republic
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11
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Transcriptome Sequencing and Metabolome Analysis Reveals the Molecular Mechanism of Drought Stress in Millet. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810792. [PMID: 36142707 PMCID: PMC9501609 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
As one of the oldest agricultural crops in China, millet (Panicum miliaceum) has powerful drought tolerance. In this study, transcriptome and metabolome analyses of ‘Hequ Red millet’ (HQ) and ‘Yanshu No.10’ (YS10) millet after 6 h of drought stress were performed. Transcriptome characteristics of drought stress in HQ and YS10 were characterized by Pacbio full-length transcriptome sequencing. The pathway analysis of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) showed that the highly enriched categories were related to starch and sucrose metabolism, pyruvate metabolism, metabolic pathways, and the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites when the two millet varieties were subjected to drought stress. Under drought stress, 245 genes related to energy metabolism were found to show significant changes between the two strains. Further analysis showed that 219 genes related to plant hormone signal transduction also participated in the drought response. In addition, numerous genes involved in anthocyanin metabolism and photosynthesis were confirmed to be related to drought stress, and these genes showed significant differential expression and played an important role in anthocyanin metabolism and photosynthesis. Moreover, we identified 496 transcription factors related to drought stress, which came from 10 different transcription factor families, such as bHLH, C3H, MYB, and WRKY. Further analysis showed that many key genes related to energy metabolism, such as citrate synthase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, and ATP synthase, showed significant upregulation, and most of the structural genes involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis also showed significant upregulation in both strains. Most genes related to plant hormone signal transduction showed upregulated expression, while many JA and SA signaling pathway-related genes were downregulated. Metabolome analysis was performed on ‘Hequ red millet’ (HQ) and ‘Yanshu 10’ (YS10), a total of 2082 differential metabolites (DEMs) were identified. These findings indicate that energy metabolism, anthocyanins, photosynthesis, and plant hormones are closely related to the drought resistance of millet and adapt to adversity by precisely regulating the levels of various molecular pathways.
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Rahimzadeh-Karvansara P, Pascual-Aznar G, Bečková M, Komenda J. Psb34 protein modulates binding of high-light-inducible proteins to CP47-containing photosystem II assembly intermediates in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2022; 152:333-346. [PMID: 35279779 PMCID: PMC9458560 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-022-00908-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Assembly of photosystem II (PSII), a water-splitting catalyst in chloroplasts and cyanobacteria, requires numerous auxiliary proteins which promote individual steps of this sequential process and transiently associate with one or more assembly intermediate complexes. In this study, we focussed on the role of a PSII-associated protein encoded by the ssl1498 gene in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. The N-terminal domain of this protein, which is here called Psb34, is very similar to the N-terminus of HliA/B proteins belonging to a family of high-light-inducible proteins (Hlips). Psb34 was identified in both dimeric and monomeric PSII, as well as in a PSII monomer lacking CP43 and containing Psb28. When FLAG-tagged, the protein is co-purified with these three complexes and with the PSII auxiliary proteins Psb27 and Psb28. However, the preparation also contained the oxygen-evolving enhancers PsbO and PsbV and lacked HliA/B proteins even when isolated from high-light-treated cells. The data suggest that Psb34 competes with HliA/B for the same binding site and that it is one of the components involved in the final conversion of late PSII assembly intermediates into functional PSII complexes, possibly keeping them free of Hlips. Unlike HliA/B, Psb34 does bind to the CP47 assembly module before its incorporation into PSII. Analysis of strains lacking Psb34 indicates that Psb34 mediates the optimal equilibrium of HliA/B binding among individual PSII assembly intermediates containing CP47, allowing Hlip-mediated photoprotection at all stages of PSII assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Rahimzadeh-Karvansara
- Laboratory of Photosynthesis, Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Opatovický mlýn, 37981, Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Guillem Pascual-Aznar
- Laboratory of Photosynthesis, Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Opatovický mlýn, 37981, Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Bečková
- Laboratory of Photosynthesis, Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Opatovický mlýn, 37981, Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Komenda
- Laboratory of Photosynthesis, Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Opatovický mlýn, 37981, Třeboň, Czech Republic.
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13
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Knoppová J, Sobotka R, Yu J, Bečková M, Pilný J, Trinugroho JP, Csefalvay L, Bína D, Nixon PJ, Komenda J. Assembly of D1/D2 complexes of photosystem II: Binding of pigments and a network of auxiliary proteins. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 189:790-804. [PMID: 35134246 PMCID: PMC9157124 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Photosystem II (PSII) is the multi-subunit light-driven oxidoreductase that drives photosynthetic electron transport using electrons extracted from water. To investigate the initial steps of PSII assembly, we used strains of the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 arrested at early stages of PSII biogenesis and expressing affinity-tagged PSII subunits to isolate PSII reaction center assembly (RCII) complexes and their precursor D1 and D2 modules (D1mod and D2mod). RCII preparations isolated using either a His-tagged D2 or a FLAG-tagged PsbI subunit contained the previously described RCIIa and RCII* complexes that differ with respect to the presence of the Ycf39 assembly factor and high light-inducible proteins (Hlips) and a larger complex consisting of RCIIa bound to monomeric PSI. All RCII complexes contained the PSII subunits D1, D2, PsbI, PsbE, and PsbF and the assembly factors rubredoxin A and Ycf48, but we also detected PsbN, Slr1470, and the Slr0575 proteins, which all have plant homologs. The RCII preparations also contained prohibitins/stomatins (Phbs) of unknown function and FtsH protease subunits. RCII complexes were active in light-induced primary charge separation and bound chlorophylls (Chls), pheophytins, beta-carotenes, and heme. The isolated D1mod consisted of D1/PsbI/Ycf48 with some Ycf39 and Phb3, while D2mod contained D2/cytochrome b559 with co-purifying PsbY, Phb1, Phb3, FtsH2/FtsH3, CyanoP, and Slr1470. As stably bound, Chl was detected in D1mod but not D2mod, formation of RCII appears to be important for stable binding of most of the Chls and both pheophytins. We suggest that Chl can be delivered to RCII from either monomeric Photosystem I or Ycf39/Hlips complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Knoppová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre Algatech, Laboratory of Photosynthesis, Třeboň 37901, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Sobotka
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre Algatech, Laboratory of Photosynthesis, Třeboň 37901, Czech Republic
| | - Jianfeng Yu
- Department of Life Sciences, Sir Ernst Chain Building-Wolfson Laboratories, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Martina Bečková
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre Algatech, Laboratory of Photosynthesis, Třeboň 37901, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Pilný
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre Algatech, Laboratory of Photosynthesis, Třeboň 37901, Czech Republic
| | - Joko P Trinugroho
- Department of Life Sciences, Sir Ernst Chain Building-Wolfson Laboratories, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Ladislav Csefalvay
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre Algatech, Laboratory of Photosynthesis, Třeboň 37901, Czech Republic
| | - David Bína
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, České Budějovice 370 05, Czech Republic
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice 370 05, Czech Republic
| | - Peter J Nixon
- Department of Life Sciences, Sir Ernst Chain Building-Wolfson Laboratories, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Josef Komenda
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre Algatech, Laboratory of Photosynthesis, Třeboň 37901, Czech Republic
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14
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Konert MM, Wysocka A, Koník P, Sobotka R. High-light-inducible proteins HliA and HliB: pigment binding and protein-protein interactions. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2022; 152:317-332. [PMID: 35218444 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-022-00904-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
High-light-inducible proteins (Hlips) are single-helix transmembrane proteins that are essential for the survival of cyanobacteria under stress conditions. The model cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 contains four Hlip isoforms (HliA-D) that associate with Photosystem II (PSII) during its assembly. HliC and HliD are known to form pigmented (hetero)dimers that associate with the newly synthesized PSII reaction center protein D1 in a configuration that allows thermal dissipation of excitation energy. Thus, it is expected that they photoprotect the early steps of PSII biogenesis. HliA and HliB, on the other hand, bind the PSII inner antenna protein CP47, but the mode of interaction and pigment binding have not been resolved. Here, we isolated His-tagged HliA and HliB from Synechocystis and show that these two very similar Hlips do not interact with each other as anticipated, rather they form HliAC and HliBC heterodimers. Both dimers bind Chl and β-carotene in a quenching conformation and associate with the CP47 assembly module as well as later PSII assembly intermediates containing CP47. In the absence of HliC, the cellular levels of HliA and HliB were reduced, and both bound atypically to HliD. We postulate a model in which HliAC-, HliBC-, and HliDC-dimers are the functional Hlip units in Synechocystis. The smallest Hlip, HliC, acts as a 'generalist' that prevents unspecific dimerization of PSII assembly intermediates, while the N-termini of 'specialists' (HliA, B or D) dictate interactions with proteins other than Hlips.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minna M Konert
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Novohradská 237 - Opatovický mlýn, 37901, Třeboň, Czech Republic.
| | - Anna Wysocka
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Novohradská 237 - Opatovický mlýn, 37901, Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Peter Koník
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, 37005, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Sobotka
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Novohradská 237 - Opatovický mlýn, 37901, Třeboň, Czech Republic
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15
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Shi Y, Ke X, Yang X, Liu Y, Hou X. Plants response to light stress. J Genet Genomics 2022; 49:735-747. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2022.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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16
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Advances in the Understanding of the Lifecycle of Photosystem II. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10050836. [PMID: 35630282 PMCID: PMC9145668 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10050836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Photosystem II is a light-driven water-plastoquinone oxidoreductase present in cyanobacteria, algae and plants. It produces molecular oxygen and protons to drive ATP synthesis, fueling life on Earth. As a multi-subunit membrane-protein-pigment complex, Photosystem II undergoes a dynamic cycle of synthesis, damage, and repair known as the Photosystem II lifecycle, to maintain a high level of photosynthetic activity at the cellular level. Cyanobacteria, oxygenic photosynthetic bacteria, are frequently used as model organisms to study oxygenic photosynthetic processes due to their ease of growth and genetic manipulation. The cyanobacterial PSII structure and function have been well-characterized, but its lifecycle is under active investigation. In this review, advances in studying the lifecycle of Photosystem II in cyanobacteria will be discussed, with a particular emphasis on new structural findings enabled by cryo-electron microscopy. These structural findings complement a rich and growing body of biochemical and molecular biology research into Photosystem II assembly and repair.
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17
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Qian P, Gardiner AT, Šímová I, Naydenova K, Croll TI, Jackson PJ, Nupur, Kloz M, Čubáková P, Kuzma M, Zeng Y, Castro-Hartmann P, van Knippenberg B, Goldie KN, Kaftan D, Hrouzek P, Hájek J, Agirre J, Siebert CA, Bína D, Sader K, Stahlberg H, Sobotka R, Russo CJ, Polívka T, Hunter CN, Koblížek M. 2.4-Å structure of the double-ring Gemmatimonas phototrophica photosystem. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabk3139. [PMID: 35171663 PMCID: PMC8849296 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abk3139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Phototrophic Gemmatimonadetes evolved the ability to use solar energy following horizontal transfer of photosynthesis-related genes from an ancient phototrophic proteobacterium. The electron cryo-microscopy structure of the Gemmatimonas phototrophica photosystem at 2.4 Å reveals a unique, double-ring complex. Two unique membrane-extrinsic polypeptides, RC-S and RC-U, hold the central type 2 reaction center (RC) within an inner 16-subunit light-harvesting 1 (LH1) ring, which is encircled by an outer 24-subunit antenna ring (LHh) that adds light-gathering capacity. Femtosecond kinetics reveal the flow of energy within the RC-dLH complex, from the outer LHh ring to LH1 and then to the RC. This structural and functional study shows that G. phototrophica has independently evolved its own compact, robust, and highly effective architecture for harvesting and trapping solar energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu Qian
- Materials and Structural Analysis, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Achtseweg Noord 5, 5651 GG Eindhoven, Netherlands
- School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Alastair T. Gardiner
- Center Algatech, Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 37981 Třeboň, Czechia
| | - Ivana Šímová
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, 37005 České Budějovice, Czechia
| | - Katerina Naydenova
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Tristan I. Croll
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Philip J. Jackson
- School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Nupur
- Center Algatech, Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 37981 Třeboň, Czechia
| | - Miroslav Kloz
- ELI Beamlines, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Slovance 1999/2, 182 21 Prague, Czechia
| | - Petra Čubáková
- ELI Beamlines, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Slovance 1999/2, 182 21 Prague, Czechia
| | - Marek Kuzma
- Lab of Molecular Structure, Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Yonghui Zeng
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Nørregade 10, DK-1165 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Pablo Castro-Hartmann
- Materials and Structural Analysis, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Achtseweg Noord 5, 5651 GG Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Bart van Knippenberg
- Materials and Structural Analysis, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Achtseweg Noord 5, 5651 GG Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Kenneth N. Goldie
- BioEM lab, Biozentrum, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 26, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - David Kaftan
- Center Algatech, Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 37981 Třeboň, Czechia
| | - Pavel Hrouzek
- Center Algatech, Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 37981 Třeboň, Czechia
| | - Jan Hájek
- Center Algatech, Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 37981 Třeboň, Czechia
| | - Jon Agirre
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | | | - David Bína
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, 37005 České Budějovice, Czechia
| | - Kasim Sader
- Materials and Structural Analysis, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Achtseweg Noord 5, 5651 GG Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Henning Stahlberg
- Laboratory of Biological Electron Microscopy, Institute of Physics, SB, EPFL, and Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Uni Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Roman Sobotka
- Center Algatech, Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 37981 Třeboň, Czechia
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, 37005 České Budějovice, Czechia
| | - Christopher J. Russo
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Tomáš Polívka
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, 37005 České Budějovice, Czechia
| | - C. Neil Hunter
- School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Michal Koblížek
- Center Algatech, Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 37981 Třeboň, Czechia
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18
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Spaniol B, Lang J, Venn B, Schake L, Sommer F, Mustas M, Geimer S, Wollman FA, Choquet Y, Mühlhaus T, Schroda M. Complexome profiling on the Chlamydomonas lpa2 mutant reveals insights into PSII biogenesis and new PSII associated proteins. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:245-262. [PMID: 34436580 PMCID: PMC8730698 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
While the composition and function of the major thylakoid membrane complexes are well understood, comparatively little is known about their biogenesis. The goal of this work was to shed more light on the role of auxiliary factors in the biogenesis of photosystem II (PSII). Here we have identified the homolog of LOW PSII ACCUMULATION 2 (LPA2) in Chlamydomonas. A Chlamydomonas reinhardtii lpa2 mutant grew slower in low light, was hypersensitive to high light, and exhibited aberrant structures in thylakoid membrane stacks. Chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm) was reduced by 38%. Synthesis and stability of newly made PSII core subunits D1, D2, CP43, and CP47 were not impaired. However, complexome profiling revealed that in the mutant CP43 was reduced to ~23% and D1, D2, and CP47 to ~30% of wild type levels. Levels of PSI and the cytochrome b6f complex were unchanged, while levels of the ATP synthase were increased by ~29%. PSII supercomplexes, dimers, and monomers were reduced to ~7%, ~26%, and ~60% of wild type levels, while RC47 was increased ~6-fold and LHCII by ~27%. We propose that LPA2 catalyses a step during PSII assembly without which PSII monomers and further assemblies become unstable and prone to degradation. The LHCI antenna was more disconnected from PSI in the lpa2 mutant, presumably as an adaptive response to reduce excitation of PSI. From the co-migration profiles of 1734 membrane-associated proteins, we identified three novel putative PSII associated proteins with potential roles in regulating PSII complex dynamics, assembly, and chlorophyll breakdown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Spaniol
- Molekulare Biotechnologie & Systembiologie, TU Kaiserslautern, Paul-Ehrlich Straße 23, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Julia Lang
- Molekulare Biotechnologie & Systembiologie, TU Kaiserslautern, Paul-Ehrlich Straße 23, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Benedikt Venn
- Computational Systems Biology, TU Kaiserslautern, Paul-Ehrlich Straße 23, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Lara Schake
- Molekulare Biotechnologie & Systembiologie, TU Kaiserslautern, Paul-Ehrlich Straße 23, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Frederik Sommer
- Molekulare Biotechnologie & Systembiologie, TU Kaiserslautern, Paul-Ehrlich Straße 23, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Matthieu Mustas
- Biologie du Chloroplaste et Perception de la Lumière chez les Microalgues, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, UMR CNRS/UPMC 7141, Paris, France
| | - Stefan Geimer
- Zellbiologie/Elektronenmikroskopie, Universität Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Francis-André Wollman
- Biologie du Chloroplaste et Perception de la Lumière chez les Microalgues, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, UMR CNRS/UPMC 7141, Paris, France
| | - Yves Choquet
- Biologie du Chloroplaste et Perception de la Lumière chez les Microalgues, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, UMR CNRS/UPMC 7141, Paris, France
| | - Timo Mühlhaus
- Computational Systems Biology, TU Kaiserslautern, Paul-Ehrlich Straße 23, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Michael Schroda
- Molekulare Biotechnologie & Systembiologie, TU Kaiserslautern, Paul-Ehrlich Straße 23, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
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19
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Shinde S, Singapuri S, Jiang Z, Long B, Wilcox D, Klatt C, Jones JA, Yuan JS, Wang X. Thermodynamics contributes to high limonene productivity in cyanobacteria. Metab Eng Commun 2022; 14:e00193. [PMID: 35145855 PMCID: PMC8801761 DOI: 10.1016/j.mec.2022.e00193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Terpenoids are a large group of secondary metabolites with broad industrial applications. Engineering cyanobacteria is an attractive route for the sustainable production of commodity terpenoids. Currently, a major obstacle lies in the low productivity attained in engineered cyanobacterial strains. Traditional metabolic engineering to improve pathway kinetics has led to limited success in enhancing terpenoid productivity. In this study, we reveal thermodynamics as the main determinant for high limonene productivity in cyanobacteria. Through overexpressing the primary sigma factor, a higher photosynthetic rate was achieved in an engineered strain of Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942. Computational modeling and wet lab analyses showed an increased flux toward both native carbon sink glycogen synthesis and the non-native limonene synthesis from photosynthate output. On the other hand, comparative proteomics showed decreased expression of terpene pathway enzymes, revealing their limited role in determining terpene flux. Lastly, growth optimization by enhancing photosynthesis has led to a limonene titer of 19 mg/L in 7 days with a maximum productivity of 4.3 mg/L/day. This study highlights the importance of enhancing photosynthesis and substrate input for the high productivity of secondary metabolic pathways, providing a new strategy for future terpenoid engineering in phototrophs. Pathway enzyme engineering marginally increases cyanobacterial terpene production. Sigma factor overexpression improves photosynthetic efficiency in cyanobacteria. Enhanced photosynthesis results in high limonene production in cyanobacteria. Enhanced photosynthesis provides high thermodynamic driving force for terpenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shrameeta Shinde
- Department of Microbiology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, 45056, USA
| | - Sonali Singapuri
- Department of Microbiology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, 45056, USA
| | - Zhenxiong Jiang
- Department of Microbiology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, 45056, USA
| | - Bin Long
- Synthetic and Systems Biology Innovation Hub, Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Danielle Wilcox
- Department of Microbiology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, 45056, USA
| | - Camille Klatt
- Department of Microbiology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, 45056, USA
| | - J. Andrew Jones
- Department of Chemical, Paper, and Biomedical Engineering, Miami University, Oxford, OH, 45056, USA
| | - Joshua S. Yuan
- Synthetic and Systems Biology Innovation Hub, Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, 45056, USA
- Corresponding author.
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20
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Khan N, Essemine J, Hamdani S, Qu M, Lyu MJA, Perveen S, Stirbet A, Govindjee G, Zhu XG. Natural variation in the fast phase of chlorophyll a fluorescence induction curve (OJIP) in a global rice minicore panel. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2021; 150:137-158. [PMID: 33159615 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-020-00794-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthesis can be probed through Chlorophyll a fluorescence induction (FI), which provides detailed insight into the electron transfer process in Photosystem II, and beyond. Here, we have systematically studied the natural variation of the fast phase of the FI, i.e. the OJIP phase, in rice. The OJIP phase of the Chl a fluorescence induction curve is referred to as "fast transient" lasting for less than a second; it is obtained after a dark-adapted sample is exposed to saturating light. In the OJIP curve, "O" stands for "origin" (minimal fluorescence), "P" for "peak" (maximum fluorescence), and J and I for inflection points between the O and P levels. Further, Fo is the fluorescence intensity at the "O" level, whereas Fm is the intensity at the P level, and Fv (= Fm - Fo) is the variable fluorescence. We surveyed a set of quantitative parameters derived from the FI curves of 199 rice accessions, grown under both field condition (FC) and growth room condition (GC). Our results show a significant variation between Japonica (JAP) and Indica (IND) subgroups, under both the growth conditions, in almost all the parameters derived from the OJIP curves. The ratio of the variable to the maximum (Fv/Fm) and of the variable to the minimum (Fv/Fo) fluorescence, the performance index (PIabs), as well as the amplitude of the I-P phase (AI-P) show higher values in JAP compared to that in the IND subpopulation. In contrast, the amplitude of the O-J phase (AO-J) and the normalized area above the OJIP curve (Sm) show an opposite trend. The performed genetic analysis shows that plants grown under GC appear much more affected by environmental factors than those grown in the field. We further conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) using 11 parameters derived from plants grown in the field. In total, 596 non-unique significant loci based on these parameters were identified by GWAS. Several photosynthesis-related proteins were identified to be associated with different OJIP parameters. We found that traits with high correlation are usually associated with similar genomic regions. Specifically, the thermal phase of FI, which includes the amplitudes of the J-I and I-P subphases (AJ-I and AI-P) of the OJIP curve, is, in turn, associated with certain common genomic regions. Our study is the first one dealing with the natural variations in rice, with the aim to characterize potential candidate genes controlling the magnitude and half-time of each of the phases in the OJIP FI curve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveed Khan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
- State Key Laboratory for Plant Molecular Genetics and Center of Excellence for Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Jemaa Essemine
- State Key Laboratory for Plant Molecular Genetics and Center of Excellence for Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Saber Hamdani
- State Key Laboratory for Plant Molecular Genetics and Center of Excellence for Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Mingnan Qu
- State Key Laboratory for Plant Molecular Genetics and Center of Excellence for Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Ming-Ju Amy Lyu
- State Key Laboratory for Plant Molecular Genetics and Center of Excellence for Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Shahnaz Perveen
- State Key Laboratory for Plant Molecular Genetics and Center of Excellence for Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | | | - Govindjee Govindjee
- Department of Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry, and Center of Biophysics & Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Xin-Guang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Plant Molecular Genetics and Center of Excellence for Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
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21
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Linhartová M, Skotnicová P, Hakkila K, Tichý M, Komenda J, Knoppová J, Gilabert JF, Guallar V, Tyystjärvi T, Sobotka R. Mutations Suppressing the Lack of Prepilin Peptidase Provide Insights Into the Maturation of the Major Pilin Protein in Cyanobacteria. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:756912. [PMID: 34712217 PMCID: PMC8546353 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.756912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Type IV pili are bacterial surface-exposed filaments that are built up by small monomers called pilin proteins. Pilins are synthesized as longer precursors (prepilins), the N-terminal signal peptide of which must be removed by the processing protease PilD. A mutant of the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 lacking the PilD protease is not capable of photoautotrophic growth because of the impaired function of Sec translocons. Here, we isolated phototrophic suppressor strains of the original ΔpilD mutant and, by sequencing their genomes, identified secondary mutations in the SigF sigma factor, the γ subunit of RNA polymerase, the signal peptide of major pilin PilA1, and in the pilA1-pilA2 intergenic region. Characterization of suppressor strains suggests that, rather than the total prepilin level in the cell, the presence of non-glycosylated PilA1 prepilin is specifically harmful. We propose that the restricted lateral mobility of the non-glycosylated PilA1 prepilin causes its accumulation in the translocon-rich membrane domains, which attenuates the synthesis of membrane proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markéta Linhartová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia.,Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czechia
| | - Petra Skotnicová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Kaisa Hakkila
- Biotechnology/Molecular Plant Biology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Martin Tichý
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Josef Komenda
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Jana Knoppová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | | | - Victor Guallar
- Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Barcelona, Spain.,ICREA: Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats Passeig Lluis Companys, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Taina Tyystjärvi
- Biotechnology/Molecular Plant Biology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Roman Sobotka
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
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22
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Color-Specific Recovery to Extreme High-Light Stress in Plants. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11080812. [PMID: 34440556 PMCID: PMC8398727 DOI: 10.3390/life11080812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants pigments, such as chlorophyll and carotenoids, absorb light within specific wavelength ranges, impacting their response to environmental light changes. Although the color-specific response of plants to natural levels of light is well described, extreme high-light stress is still being discussed as a general response, without considering the impact of wavelengths in particular response processes. In this study, we explored how the plant proteome coordinated the response and recovery to extreme light conditions (21,000 µmol m-2 s-1) under different wavelengths. Changes at the protein and mRNA levels were measured, together with the photosynthetic parameters of plants under extreme high-light conditions. The changes in abundance of four proteins involved in photoinhibition, and in the biosynthesis/assembly of PSII (PsbS, PsbH, PsbR, and Psb28) in both light treatments were measured. The blue-light treatment presented a three-fold higher non-photochemical quenching and did not change the level of the oxygen-evolving complex (OEC) or the photosystem II (PSII) complex components when compared to the control, but significantly increased psbS transcripts. The red-light treatment caused a higher abundance of PSII and OEC proteins but kept the level of psbS transcripts the same as the control. Interestingly, the blue light stimulated a more efficient energy dissipation mechanism when compared to the red light. In addition, extreme high-light stress mechanisms activated by blue light involve the role of OEC through increasing PsbS transcript levels. In the proteomics spatial analysis, we report disparate activation of multiple stress pathways under three differently damaged zones as the enriched function of light stress only found in the medium-damaged zone of the red LED treatment. The results indicate that the impact of extreme high-light stress on the proteomic level is wavelength-dependent.
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23
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Xiao Y, Huang G, You X, Zhu Q, Wang W, Kuang T, Han G, Sui SF, Shen JR. Structural insights into cyanobacterial photosystem II intermediates associated with Psb28 and Tsl0063. NATURE PLANTS 2021; 7:1132-1142. [PMID: 34226692 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-021-00961-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Photosystem II (PSII) is a multisubunit pigment-protein complex and catalyses light-induced water oxidation, leading to the conversion of light energy into chemical energy and the release of dioxygen. We analysed the structures of two Psb28-bound PSII intermediates, Psb28-RC47 and Psb28-PSII, purified from a psbV-deletion strain of the thermophilic cyanobacterium Thermosynechococcus vulcanus, using cryo-electron microscopy. Both Psb28-RC47 and Psb28-PSII bind one Psb28, one Tsl0063 and an unknown subunit. Psb28 is located at the cytoplasmic surface of PSII and interacts with D1, D2 and CP47, whereas Tsl0063 is a transmembrane subunit and binds at the side of CP47/PsbH. Substantial structural perturbations are observed at the acceptor side, which result in conformational changes of the quinone (QB) and non-haem iron binding sites and thus may protect PSII from photodamage during assembly. These results provide a solid structural basis for understanding the assembly process of native PSII.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Xiao
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guoqiang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology & Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin You
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology & Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Qingjun Zhu
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenda Wang
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tingyun Kuang
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guangye Han
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Sen-Fang Sui
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology & Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Jian-Ren Shen
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan.
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24
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Wei N, Song L, Gan N. Quantitative Proteomic and Microcystin Production Response of Microcystis aeruginosa to Phosphorus Depletion. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9061183. [PMID: 34072711 PMCID: PMC8227402 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9061183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Microcystis blooms are the most widely distributed and frequently occurring cyanobacterial blooms in freshwater. Reducing phosphorus is suggested to be effective in mitigating cyanobacterial blooms, while the underlying molecular mechanisms are yet to be elucidated. In the present study, isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)-based quantitative proteomics was employed to study the effects of phosphorus depletion on Microcystis aeruginosa FACHB-905. The production of microcystins (MCs), a severe hazard of Microcystis blooms, was also analyzed. In total, 230 proteins were found to be differentially abundant, with 136 downregulated proteins. The results revealed that, upon phosphorus limitation stress, Microcystis aeruginosa FACHB-905 raised the availability of phosphorus primarily by upregulating the expression of orthophosphate transport system proteins, with no alkaline phosphatase producing ability. Phosphorus depletion remarkably inhibited cell growth and the primary metabolic processes of Microcystis, including transcription, translation and photosynthesis, with structures of photosystems remaining intact. Moreover, expression of nitrogen assimilation proteins was downregulated, while proteins involved in carbon catabolism were significantly upregulated, which was considered beneficial for the intracellular balance among carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus. The expression of MC synthetase was not significantly different upon phosphorus depletion, while MC content was significantly suppressed. It is assumed that phosphorus depletion indirectly regulates the production of MC by the inhibition of metabolic processes and energy production. These results contribute to further understanding of the influence mechanisms of phosphorus depletion on both biological processes and MC production in Microcystis cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nian Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China;
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Lirong Song
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China;
- Correspondence: (L.S.); (N.G.)
| | - Nanqin Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China;
- Correspondence: (L.S.); (N.G.)
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25
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The Photosystem II Assembly Factor Ycf48 from the Cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 Is Lipidated Using an Atypical Lipobox Sequence. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073733. [PMID: 33918522 PMCID: PMC8038367 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Photochemical energy conversion during oxygenic photosynthesis is performed by membrane-embedded chlorophyll-binding protein complexes. The biogenesis and maintenance of these complexes requires auxiliary protein factors that optimize the assembly process and protect nascent complexes from photodamage. In cyanobacteria, several lipoproteins contribute to the biogenesis and function of the photosystem II (PSII) complex. They include CyanoP, CyanoQ, and Psb27, which are all attached to the lumenal side of PSII complexes. Here, we show that the lumenal Ycf48 assembly factor found in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 is also a lipoprotein. Detailed mass spectrometric analysis of the isolated protein supported by site-directed mutagenesis experiments indicates lipidation of the N-terminal C29 residue of Ycf48 and removal of three amino acids from the C-terminus. The lipobox sequence in Ycf48 contains a cysteine residue at the -3 position compared to Leu/Val/Ile residues found in the canonical lipobox sequence. The atypical Ycf48 lipobox sequence is present in most cyanobacteria but is absent in eukaryotes. A possible role for lipoproteins in the coordinated assembly of cyanobacterial PSII is discussed.
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26
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Zabret J, Bohn S, Schuller SK, Arnolds O, Möller M, Meier-Credo J, Liauw P, Chan A, Tajkhorshid E, Langer JD, Stoll R, Krieger-Liszkay A, Engel BD, Rudack T, Schuller JM, Nowaczyk MM. Structural insights into photosystem II assembly. NATURE PLANTS 2021; 7:524-538. [PMID: 33846594 PMCID: PMC8094115 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-021-00895-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Biogenesis of photosystem II (PSII), nature's water-splitting catalyst, is assisted by auxiliary proteins that form transient complexes with PSII components to facilitate stepwise assembly events. Using cryo-electron microscopy, we solved the structure of such a PSII assembly intermediate from Thermosynechococcus elongatus at 2.94 Å resolution. It contains three assembly factors (Psb27, Psb28 and Psb34) and provides detailed insights into their molecular function. Binding of Psb28 induces large conformational changes at the PSII acceptor side, which distort the binding pocket of the mobile quinone (QB) and replace the bicarbonate ligand of non-haem iron with glutamate, a structural motif found in reaction centres of non-oxygenic photosynthetic bacteria. These results reveal mechanisms that protect PSII from damage during biogenesis until water splitting is activated. Our structure further demonstrates how the PSII active site is prepared for the incorporation of the Mn4CaO5 cluster, which performs the unique water-splitting reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jure Zabret
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Stefan Bohn
- Department of Molecular Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Sandra K Schuller
- Department of Structural Cell Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
- CryoEM of Molecular Machines, SYNMIKRO Research Center and Department of Chemistry, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Arnolds
- Biomolecular Spectroscopy and RUBiospek|NMR, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Madeline Möller
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | | | - Pasqual Liauw
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Aaron Chan
- NIH Center for Macromolecular Modeling and Bioinformatics, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Department of Biochemistry, and Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Emad Tajkhorshid
- NIH Center for Macromolecular Modeling and Bioinformatics, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Department of Biochemistry, and Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Julian D Langer
- Proteomics, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Frankfurt, Germany
- Proteomics, Max Planck Institute for Brain Research, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Raphael Stoll
- Biomolecular Spectroscopy and RUBiospek|NMR, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Anja Krieger-Liszkay
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Benjamin D Engel
- Department of Molecular Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
- Helmholtz Pioneer Campus, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
| | - Till Rudack
- Biospectroscopy, Center for Protein Diagnostics (ProDi), Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
| | - Jan M Schuller
- Department of Structural Cell Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany.
- CryoEM of Molecular Machines, SYNMIKRO Research Center and Department of Chemistry, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
| | - Marc M Nowaczyk
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
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27
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Pascual-Aznar G, Konert G, Bečkov M, Kotabov E, Gardian Z, Knoppov J, Bučinsk L, Kaňa R, Sobotka R, Komenda J. Psb35 Protein Stabilizes the CP47 Assembly Module and Associated High-Light Inducible Proteins during the Biogenesis of Photosystem II in the Cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC6803. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 62:178-190. [PMID: 33258963 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcaa148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Photosystem II (PSII) is a large membrane protein complex performing primary charge separation in oxygenic photosynthesis. The biogenesis of PSII is a complicated process that involves a coordinated linking of assembly modules in a precise order. Each such module consists of one large chlorophyll (Chl)-binding protein, number of small membrane polypeptides, pigments and other cofactors. We isolated the CP47 antenna module from the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 and found that it contains a 11-kDa protein encoded by the ssl2148 gene. This protein was named Psb35 and its presence in the CP47 module was confirmed by the isolation of FLAG-tagged version of Psb35. Using this pulldown assay, we showed that the Psb35 remains attached to CP47 after the integration of CP47 into PSII complexes. However, the isolated Psb35-PSIIs were enriched with auxiliary PSII assembly factors like Psb27, Psb28-1, Psb28-2 and RubA while they lacked the lumenal proteins stabilizing the PSII oxygen-evolving complex. In addition, the Psb35 co-purified with a large unique complex of CP47 and photosystem I trimer. The absence of Psb35 led to a lower accumulation and decreased stability of the CP47 antenna module and associated high-light-inducible proteins but did not change the growth rate of the cyanobacterium under the variety of light regimes. Nevertheless, in comparison with WT, the Psb35-less mutant showed an accelerated pigment bleaching during prolonged dark incubation. The results suggest an involvement of Psb35 in the life cycle of cyanobacterial Chl-binding proteins, especially CP47.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillem Pascual-Aznar
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre Algatech, Opatovick� ml�n, Novohradsk� 237, Třeboň 37981, Czech Republic
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovsk� 1760, Česk� Budějovice 37005, Czech Republic
| | - Grzegorz Konert
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre Algatech, Opatovick� ml�n, Novohradsk� 237, Třeboň 37981, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Bečkov
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre Algatech, Opatovick� ml�n, Novohradsk� 237, Třeboň 37981, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Kotabov
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre Algatech, Opatovick� ml�n, Novohradsk� 237, Třeboň 37981, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenko Gardian
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovsk� 1760, Česk� Budějovice 37005, Czech Republic
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Branišovsk� 31, Česk� Budějovice 37005, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Knoppov
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre Algatech, Opatovick� ml�n, Novohradsk� 237, Třeboň 37981, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Bučinsk
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre Algatech, Opatovick� ml�n, Novohradsk� 237, Třeboň 37981, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Kaňa
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre Algatech, Opatovick� ml�n, Novohradsk� 237, Třeboň 37981, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Sobotka
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre Algatech, Opatovick� ml�n, Novohradsk� 237, Třeboň 37981, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Komenda
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre Algatech, Opatovick� ml�n, Novohradsk� 237, Třeboň 37981, Czech Republic
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28
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Chen GE, Hitchcock A, Mareš J, Gong Y, Tichý M, Pilný J, Kovářová L, Zdvihalová B, Xu J, Hunter CN, Sobotka R. Evolution of Ycf54-independent chlorophyll biosynthesis in cyanobacteria. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2024633118. [PMID: 33649240 PMCID: PMC7958208 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2024633118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Chlorophylls (Chls) are essential cofactors for photosynthesis. One of the least understood steps of Chl biosynthesis is formation of the fifth (E) ring, where the red substrate, magnesium protoporphyrin IX monomethyl ester, is converted to the green product, 3,8-divinyl protochlorophyllide a In oxygenic phototrophs, this reaction is catalyzed by an oxygen-dependent cyclase, consisting of a catalytic subunit (AcsF/CycI) and an auxiliary protein, Ycf54. Deletion of Ycf54 impairs cyclase activity and results in severe Chl deficiency, but its exact role is not clear. Here, we used a Δycf54 mutant of the model cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 to generate suppressor mutations that restore normal levels of Chl. Sequencing Δycf54 revertants identified a single D219G amino acid substitution in CycI and frameshifts in slr1916, which encodes a putative esterase. Introduction of these mutations to the original Δycf54 mutant validated the suppressor effect, especially in combination. However, comprehensive analysis of the Δycf54 suppressor strains revealed that the D219G-substituted CycI is only partially active and its accumulation is misregulated, suggesting that Ycf54 controls both the level and activity of CycI. We also show that Slr1916 has Chl dephytylase activity in vitro and its inactivation up-regulates the entire Chl biosynthetic pathway, resulting in improved cyclase activity. Finally, large-scale bioinformatic analysis indicates that our laboratory evolution of Ycf54-independent CycI mimics natural evolution of AcsF in low-light-adapted ecotypes of the oceanic cyanobacteria Prochlorococcus, which lack Ycf54, providing insight into the evolutionary history of the cyclase enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyu E Chen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Hitchcock
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, United Kingdom
| | - Jan Mareš
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 37901 Třeboň, Czech Republic
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Yanhai Gong
- Single-Cell Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Biofuels and Shandong Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Qingdao Institute of BioEnergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266101, China
| | - Martin Tichý
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 37901 Třeboň, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Pilný
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 37901 Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Kovářová
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 37901 Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Zdvihalová
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 37901 Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Jian Xu
- Single-Cell Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Biofuels and Shandong Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Qingdao Institute of BioEnergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266101, China
| | - C Neil Hunter
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, United Kingdom
| | - Roman Sobotka
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 37901 Třeboň, Czech Republic;
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
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29
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Kaňa R, Steinbach G, Sobotka R, Vámosi G, Komenda J. Fast Diffusion of the Unassembled PetC1-GFP Protein in the Cyanobacterial Thylakoid Membrane. Life (Basel) 2020; 11:life11010015. [PMID: 33383642 PMCID: PMC7823997 DOI: 10.3390/life11010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Biological membranes were originally described as a fluid mosaic with uniform distribution of proteins and lipids. Later, heterogeneous membrane areas were found in many membrane systems including cyanobacterial thylakoids. In fact, cyanobacterial pigment-protein complexes (photosystems, phycobilisomes) form a heterogeneous mosaic of thylakoid membrane microdomains (MDs) restricting protein mobility. The trafficking of membrane proteins is one of the key factors for long-term survival under stress conditions, for instance during exposure to photoinhibitory light conditions. However, the mobility of unbound 'free' proteins in thylakoid membrane is poorly characterized. In this work, we assessed the maximal diffusional ability of a small, unbound thylakoid membrane protein by semi-single molecule FCS (fluorescence correlation spectroscopy) method in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC6803. We utilized a GFP-tagged variant of the cytochrome b6f subunit PetC1 (PetC1-GFP), which was not assembled in the b6f complex due to the presence of the tag. Subsequent FCS measurements have identified a very fast diffusion of the PetC1-GFP protein in the thylakoid membrane (D = 0.14 - 2.95 µm2s-1). This means that the mobility of PetC1-GFP was comparable with that of free lipids and was 50-500 times higher in comparison to the mobility of proteins (e.g., IsiA, LHCII-light-harvesting complexes of PSII) naturally associated with larger thylakoid membrane complexes like photosystems. Our results thus demonstrate the ability of free thylakoid-membrane proteins to move very fast, revealing the crucial role of protein-protein interactions in the mobility restrictions for large thylakoid protein complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radek Kaňa
- Center ALGATECH, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 37901 Třeboň, Czech Republic; (R.S.); (J.K.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Gábor Steinbach
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Center, 6726 Szeged, Hungary;
| | - Roman Sobotka
- Center ALGATECH, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 37901 Třeboň, Czech Republic; (R.S.); (J.K.)
| | - György Vámosi
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Josef Komenda
- Center ALGATECH, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 37901 Třeboň, Czech Republic; (R.S.); (J.K.)
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30
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Liu D, Johnson VM, Pakrasi HB. A Reversibly Induced CRISPRi System Targeting Photosystem II in the Cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. ACS Synth Biol 2020; 9:1441-1449. [PMID: 32379958 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.0c00106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 is used as a model organism to study photosynthesis, as it can utilize glucose as the sole carbon source to support its growth under heterotrophic conditions. CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) has been widely applied to repress the transcription of genes in a targeted manner in cyanobacteria. However, a robust and reversible induced CRISPRi system has not been explored in Synechocystis 6803 to knock down and recover the expression of a targeted gene. In this study, we built a tightly controlled chimeric promoter, P rhaBAD-RSW, in which a theophylline responsive riboswitch was integrated into a rhamnose-inducible promoter system. We applied this promoter to drive the expression of ddCpf1 (DNase-dead Cpf1 nuclease) in a CRISPRi system and chose the PSII reaction center gene psbD (D2 protein) to target for repression. psbD was specifically knocked down by over 95% of its native expression, leading to severely inhibited photosystem II activity and growth of Synechocystis 6803 under photoautotrophic conditions. Significantly, removal of the inducers rhamnose and theophylline reversed repression by CRISPRi. Expression of PsbD recovered following release of repression, coupled with increased photosystem II content and activity. This reversibly induced CRISPRi system in Synechocystis 6803 represents a new strategy for study of the biogenesis of photosynthetic complexes in cyanobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deng Liu
- Department of Biology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Virginia M Johnson
- Department of Biology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Himadri B Pakrasi
- Department of Biology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
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31
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Sirhindi G, Mushtaq R, Gill SS, Sharma P, Abd Allah EF, Ahmad P. Jasmonic acid and methyl jasmonate modulate growth, photosynthetic activity and expression of photosystem II subunit genes in Brassica oleracea L. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9322. [PMID: 32518304 PMCID: PMC7283480 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65309-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of jasmonic acid (JA) and methyl jasmonate (Me-JA) on photosynthetic efficiency and expression of some photosystem (PSII) related in different cultivars of Brassica oleracea L. (var. italica, capitata, and botrytis) were investigated. Plants raised from seeds subjected to a pre-sowing soaking treatment of varying concentrations of JA and Me-JA showed enhanced photosynthetic efficiency in terms of qP and chlorophyll fluorescence. Maximum quantum efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm) was increased over that in the control seedlings. This enhancement was more pronounced in the Me-JA-treated seedlings compared to that in JA-treated ones. The expression of PSII genes was differentially regulated among the three varieties of B. oleracea. The gene PsbI up-upregulated in var. botrytis after treatment of JA and Me-JA, whereas PsbL up-regulated in capitata and botrytis after supplementation of JA. The gene PsbM showed many fold enhancements in these expressions in italica and botrytis after treatment with JA. However, the expression of the gene PsbM increased by both JA and Me-JA treatments. PsbTc(p) and PsbTc(n) were also found to be differentially expressed which revealed specificity with the variety chosen as well as JA or Me-JA treatments. The RuBP carboxylase activity remained unaffected by either JA or Me-JA supplementation in all three varieties of B. oleracea L. The data suggest that exogenous application of JA and Me-JA to seeds before germination could influence the assembly, stability, and repair of PS II in the three varieties of B. oleracea examined. Furthermore, this improvement in the PS II machinery enhanced the photosynthetic efficiency of the system and improved the photosynthetic productivity in terms of saccharides accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geetika Sirhindi
- Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Punjabi University, Patiala, 147002, Punjab, India.
| | - Ruqia Mushtaq
- Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Punjabi University, Patiala, 147002, Punjab, India
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Lab, Centre for Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124 001, Haryana, India
| | - Sarvajeet Singh Gill
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Lab, Centre for Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124 001, Haryana, India
| | - Poonam Sharma
- Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Punjabi University, Patiala, 147002, Punjab, India
| | - Elsayed F Abd Allah
- Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Food & Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Botany, S.P. College Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
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32
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Koskela MM, Skotnicová P, Kiss É, Sobotka R. Purification of Protein-complexes from the Cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 Using FLAG-affinity Chromatography. Bio Protoc 2020; 10:e3616. [PMID: 33659289 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.3616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Exploring the structure and function of protein complexes requires their isolation in the native state-a task that is made challenging when studying labile and/or low abundant complexes. The difficulties in preparing membrane-protein complexes are especially notorious. The cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 is a widely used model organism for the physiology of oxygenic phototrophs, and the biogenesis of membrane-bound photosynthetic complexes has traditionally been studied using this cyanobacterium. In a typical approach, the protein complexes are purified with a combination of His-affinity chromatography and a size-based fractionation method such as gradient ultracentrifugation and/or native electrophoresis. However, His-affinity purification harbors prominent contaminants and the levels of many proteins are too low for a feasible multi-step purification. Here, we have developed a purification method for the isolation of 3x FLAG-tagged proteins from the membrane and soluble fractions of Synechocystis. Soluble proteins or solubilized thylakoids are subjected to a single affinity purification step that utilizes the highly specific binding of FLAG-affinity resin. After an intensive wash, the captured proteins are released from the resin under native conditions using an excess of synthetic 3x FLAG peptide. The protocol allows fast isolation of low abundant protein complexes with a superb purity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minna M Koskela
- Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Skotnicová
- Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Éva Kiss
- Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Sobotka
- Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Třeboň, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, 370 05, Czech Republic
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33
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Trinugroho JP, Bečková M, Shao S, Yu J, Zhao Z, Murray JW, Sobotka R, Komenda J, Nixon PJ. Chlorophyll f synthesis by a super-rogue photosystem II complex. NATURE PLANTS 2020; 6:238-244. [PMID: 32170286 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-020-0616-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Certain cyanobacteria synthesize chlorophyll molecules (Chl d and Chl f) that absorb in the far-red region of the solar spectrum, thereby extending the spectral range of photosynthetically active radiation1,2. The synthesis and introduction of these far-red chlorophylls into the photosynthetic apparatus of plants might improve the efficiency of oxygenic photosynthesis, especially in far-red enriched environments, such as in the lower regions of the canopy3. Production of Chl f requires the ChlF subunit, also known as PsbA4 (ref. 4) or super-rogue D1 (ref. 5), a paralogue of the D1 subunit of photosystem II (PSII) which, together with D2, bind cofactors involved in the light-driven oxidation of water. Current ideas suggest that ChlF oxidizes Chl a to Chl f in a homodimeric ChlF reaction centre (RC) complex and represents a missing link in the evolution of the heterodimeric D1/D2 RC of PSII (refs. 4,6). However, unambiguous biochemical support for this proposal is lacking. Here, we show that ChlF can substitute for D1 to form modified PSII complexes capable of producing Chl f. Remarkably, mutation of just two residues in D1 converts oxygen-evolving PSII into a Chl f synthase. Overall, we have identified a new class of PSII complex, which we term 'super-rogue' PSII, with an unexpected role in pigment biosynthesis rather than water oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joko P Trinugroho
- Sir Ernst Chain Building-Wolfson Laboratories, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, UK
| | - Martina Bečková
- Laboratory of Photosynthesis, Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Shengxi Shao
- Sir Ernst Chain Building-Wolfson Laboratories, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, UK
| | - Jianfeng Yu
- Sir Ernst Chain Building-Wolfson Laboratories, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, UK
| | - Ziyu Zhao
- Sir Ernst Chain Building-Wolfson Laboratories, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, UK
| | - James W Murray
- Sir Ernst Chain Building-Wolfson Laboratories, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, UK
| | - Roman Sobotka
- Laboratory of Photosynthesis, Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Komenda
- Laboratory of Photosynthesis, Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Peter J Nixon
- Sir Ernst Chain Building-Wolfson Laboratories, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, UK.
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34
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Shinde S, Zhang X, Singapuri SP, Kalra I, Liu X, Morgan-Kiss RM, Wang X. Glycogen Metabolism Supports Photosynthesis Start through the Oxidative Pentose Phosphate Pathway in Cyanobacteria. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 182:507-517. [PMID: 31649110 PMCID: PMC6945877 DOI: 10.1104/pp.19.01184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria experience drastic changes in their carbon metabolism under daily light/dark cycles. During the day, the Calvin-Benson cycle fixes CO2 and diverts excess carbon into glycogen storage. At night, glycogen is degraded to support cellular respiration. The dark/light transition represents a universal environmental stress for cyanobacteria and other photosynthetic lifeforms. Recent studies revealed the essential genetic background necessary for the fitness of cyanobacteria during diurnal growth. However, the metabolic processes underlying the dark/light transition are not well understood. In this study, we observed that glycogen metabolism supports photosynthesis in the cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 when photosynthesis reactions start upon light exposure. Compared with the wild type, the glycogen mutant ∆glgC showed a reduced photosynthetic efficiency and a slower P700+ rereduction rate when photosynthesis starts. Proteomic analyses indicated that glycogen is degraded through the oxidative pentose phosphate (OPP) pathway during the dark/light transition. We confirmed that the OPP pathway is essential for the initiation of photosynthesis and further showed that glycogen degradation through the OPP pathway contributes to the activation of key Calvin-Benson cycle enzymes by modulating NADPH levels. This strategy stimulates photosynthesis in cyanobacteria following dark respiration and stabilizes the Calvin-Benson cycle under fluctuating environmental conditions, thereby offering evolutionary advantages for photosynthetic organisms using the Calvin-Benson cycle for carbon fixation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shrameeta Shinde
- Department of Microbiology, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio 45056
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio 45056
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, China
| | | | - Isha Kalra
- Department of Microbiology, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio 45056
| | - Xianhua Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, China
| | | | - Xin Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio 45056
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35
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A novel chlorophyll protein complex in the repair cycle of photosystem II. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:21907-21913. [PMID: 31594847 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1909644116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In oxygenic photosynthetic organisms, photosystem II (PSII) is a unique membrane protein complex that catalyzes light-driven oxidation of water. PSII undergoes frequent damage due to its demanding photochemistry. It must undergo a repair and reassembly process following photodamage, many facets of which remain unknown. We have discovered a PSII subcomplex that lacks 5 key PSII core reaction center polypeptides: D1, D2, PsbE, PsbF, and PsbI. This pigment-protein complex does contain the PSII core antenna proteins CP47 and CP43, as well as most of their associated low molecular mass subunits, and the assembly factor Psb27. Immunoblotting, mass spectrometry, and ultrafast spectroscopic results support the absence of a functional reaction center in this complex, which we call the "no reaction center" complex (NRC). Analytical ultracentrifugation and clear native PAGE analysis show that NRC is a stable pigment-protein complex and not a mixture of free CP47 and CP43 proteins. NRC appears in higher abundance in cells exposed to high light and impaired protein synthesis, and genetic deletion of PsbO on the PSII luminal side results in an increased NRC population, indicative that NRC forms in response to photodamage as part of the PSII repair process. Our finding challenges the current model of the PSII repair cycle and implies an alternative PSII repair strategy. Formation of this complex may maximize PSII repair economy by preserving intact PSII core antennas in a single complex available for PSII reassembly, minimizing the risk of randomly diluting multiple recycling components in the thylakoid membrane following a photodamage event.
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36
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Kiss É, Knoppová J, Aznar GP, Pilný J, Yu J, Halada P, Nixon PJ, Sobotka R, Komenda J. A Photosynthesis-Specific Rubredoxin-Like Protein Is Required for Efficient Association of the D1 and D2 Proteins during the Initial Steps of Photosystem II Assembly. THE PLANT CELL 2019; 31:2241-2258. [PMID: 31320483 PMCID: PMC6751121 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.19.00155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Oxygenic photosynthesis relies on accessory factors to promote the assembly and maintenance of the photosynthetic apparatus in the thylakoid membranes. The highly conserved membrane-bound rubredoxin-like protein RubA has previously been implicated in the accumulation of both PSI and PSII, but its mode of action remains unclear. Here, we show that RubA in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp PCC 6803 is required for photoautotrophic growth in fluctuating light and acts early in PSII biogenesis by promoting the formation of the heterodimeric D1/D2 reaction center complex, the site of primary photochemistry. We find that RubA, like the accessory factor Ycf48, is a component of the initial D1 assembly module as well as larger PSII assembly intermediates and that the redox-responsive rubredoxin-like domain is located on the cytoplasmic surface of PSII complexes. Fusion of RubA to Ycf48 still permits normal PSII assembly, suggesting a spatiotemporal proximity of both proteins during their action. RubA is also important for the accumulation of PSI, but this is an indirect effect stemming from the downregulation of light-dependent chlorophyll biosynthesis induced by PSII deficiency. Overall, our data support the involvement of RubA in the redox control of PSII biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Éva Kiss
- Laboratory of Photosynthesis, Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 379 01 Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Knoppová
- Laboratory of Photosynthesis, Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 379 01 Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Guillem Pascual Aznar
- Laboratory of Photosynthesis, Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 379 01 Třeboň, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Pilný
- Laboratory of Photosynthesis, Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 379 01 Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Jianfeng Yu
- Wolfson Laboratories, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Petr Halada
- Laboratory of Molecular Structure Characterization, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 14220 Praha 4-Krc, Czech Republic
| | - Peter J Nixon
- Wolfson Laboratories, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Roman Sobotka
- Laboratory of Photosynthesis, Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 379 01 Třeboň, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Komenda
- Laboratory of Photosynthesis, Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 379 01 Třeboň, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
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37
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Knoppová J, Komenda J. Sequential deletions of photosystem II assembly factors Ycf48, Ycf39 and Pam68 result in progressive loss of autotrophy in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis PCC 6803. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2019; 64:683-689. [PMID: 31359262 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-019-00736-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The biogenesis of the cyanobacterial photosystem II (PSII) complex requires a number of auxiliary assembly factors that improve efficiency of the process but their precise function is not well understood. To assess a possible synergic action of the Ycf48 and Ycf39 factors acting in early steps of the biogenesis via interaction with the nascent D1 subunit of PSII, we constructed and characterised a double mutant of the cyanobacterium Synechocystis PCC 6803 lacking both these proteins. In addition, we also deleted the ycf39 gene in the double mutant lacking Ycf48 and Pam68, the latter being a ribosomal factor promoting insertion of chlorophyll (Chl) into the CP47 subunit of PSII. The resulting double ΔYcf48/ΔYcf39 and triple ΔYcf48/ΔPam68/ΔYcf39 mutants were deficient in PSII and total Chl, and in contrast to the source mutants, they lost the capacity for autotrophy. Interestingly, autotrophic growth was restored in both of the new multiple mutants by enhancing Chl biosynthesis using a specific ferrochelatase inhibitor. Taking together with the weak radioactive labelling of the D1 protein, these findings can be explained by inhibition of the D1 synthesis caused by the lack and/or incorrect binding of Chl molecules. The results emphasise the key importance of the sufficient Chl supply for the PSII biogenesis and also support the existence of a so far enigmatic regulatory mechanism leading to the reduced overall Chl biosynthesis/accumulation when the PSII assembly is impaired.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Knoppová
- Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 379 81, Třeboň, Czech Republic.
| | - Josef Komenda
- Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 379 81, Třeboň, Czech Republic
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Strašková A, Steinbach G, Konert G, Kotabová E, Komenda J, Tichý M, Kaňa R. Pigment-protein complexes are organized into stable microdomains in cyanobacterial thylakoids. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2019; 1860:148053. [PMID: 31344362 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2019.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Thylakoids are the place of the light-photosynthetic reactions. To gain maximal efficiency, these reactions are conditional to proper pigment-pigment and protein-protein interactions. In higher plants thylakoids, the interactions lead to a lateral asymmetry in localization of protein complexes (i.e. granal/stromal thylakoids) that have been defined as a domain-like structures characteristic by different biochemical composition and function (Albertsson P-Å. 2001,Trends Plant Science 6: 349-354). We explored this complex organization of thylakoid pigment-proteins at single cell level in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. Our 3D confocal images captured heterogeneous distribution of all main photosynthetic pigment-protein complexes (PPCs), Photosystem I (fluorescently tagged by YFP), Photosystem II and Phycobilisomes. The acquired images depicted cyanobacterial thylakoid membrane as a stable, mosaic-like structure formed by microdomains (MDs). These microcompartments are of sub-micrometer in sizes (~0.5-1.5 μm), typical by particular PPCs ratios and importantly without full segregation of observed complexes. The most prevailing MD is represented by MD with high Photosystem I content which allows also partial separation of Photosystems like in higher plants thylakoids. We assume that MDs stability (in minutes) provides optimal conditions for efficient excitation/electron transfer. The cyanobacterial MDs thus define thylakoid membrane organization as a system controlled by co-localization of three main PPCs leading to formation of thylakoid membrane mosaic. This organization might represent evolutional and functional precursor for the granal/stromal spatial heterogeneity in photosystems that is typical for higher plant thylakoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Strašková
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre Algatech, Novohradská 237, 379 81 Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - G Steinbach
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre Algatech, Novohradská 237, 379 81 Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - G Konert
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre Algatech, Novohradská 237, 379 81 Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - E Kotabová
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre Algatech, Novohradská 237, 379 81 Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - J Komenda
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre Algatech, Novohradská 237, 379 81 Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - M Tichý
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre Algatech, Novohradská 237, 379 81 Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - R Kaňa
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre Algatech, Novohradská 237, 379 81 Třeboň, Czech Republic.
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Grossman A, Sanz-Luque E, Yi H, Yang W. Building the GreenCut2 suite of proteins to unmask photosynthetic function and regulation. Microbiology (Reading) 2019; 165:697-718. [DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.000788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Grossman
- Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Emanuel Sanz-Luque
- Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Heng Yi
- Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany (CAS), Beijing, PR China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Wenqiang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany (CAS), Beijing, PR China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
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Locke AM, Slattery RA, Ort DR. Field-grown soybean transcriptome shows diurnal patterns in photosynthesis-related processes. PLANT DIRECT 2018; 2:e00099. [PMID: 31245700 PMCID: PMC6508813 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Many plant physiological processes have diurnal patterns regulated by diurnal environmental changes and circadian rhythms, but the transcriptional underpinnings of many of these cycles have not been studied in major crop species under field conditions. Here, we monitored the transcriptome of field-grown soybean (Glycine max) during daylight hours in the middle of the growing season with RNA-seq. The analysis revealed 21% of soybean genes were differentially expressed over the course of the day. Expression of some circadian-related genes in field-grown soybean differed from previously reported expression patterns measured in controlled environments. Many genes in functional groups contributing to and/or depending on photosynthesis showed differential expression, with patterns particularly evident in the chlorophyll synthesis pathway. Gene regulatory network inference also revealed seven diurnally sensitive gene nodes involved with circadian rhythm, transcription regulation, cellular processes, and water transport. This study provides a diurnal overview of the transcriptome for an economically important field-grown crop and a basis for identifying pathways that could eventually be tailored to optimize diurnal regulation of carbon gain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M. Locke
- Soybean and Nitrogen Fixation Research UnitUSDA‐ARSRaleighNorth Carolina
- Department of Crop and Soil SciencesNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNorth Carolina
| | - Rebecca A. Slattery
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic BiologyUniversity of IllinoisUrbanaIllinois
- Global Change and Photosynthesis Research UnitUSDA‐ARSUrbanaIllinois
| | - Donald R. Ort
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic BiologyUniversity of IllinoisUrbanaIllinois
- Global Change and Photosynthesis Research UnitUSDA‐ARSUrbanaIllinois
- Department of Plant BiologyUniversity of IllinoisUrbanaIllinois
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41
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Parrine D, Wu BS, Muhammad B, Rivera K, Pappin D, Zhao X, Lefsrud M. Proteome modifications on tomato under extreme high light induced-stress. Proteome Sci 2018; 16:20. [PMID: 30534005 PMCID: PMC6260845 DOI: 10.1186/s12953-018-0148-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abiotic stress reduces photosynthetic yield and plant growth, negatively impacting global crop production and is a major constraint faced by agriculture. However, the knowledge on the impact on plants under extremely high irradiance is limited. We present the first in-depth proteomics analysis of plants treated with a method developed by our research group to generate a light gradient using an extremely intense light. METHODS The method consists of utilizing light emitting diodes (LED) to create a single spot at 24,000 μmol m- 2 s- 1 irradiance, generating three light stress levels. A light map and temperature profile were obtained during the light experiment. The proteins expressed in the treated tomato (Solanum lycopersicum, Heinz H1706) leaves were harvested 10 days after the treatment, allowing for the detection of proteins involved in a long-term recovery. A multiplex labeled proteomics method (iTRAQ) was analyzed by LC-MS/MS. RESULTS A total of 3994 proteins were identified at 1% false discovery rate and matched additional quality filters. Hierarchical clustering analysis resulted in four types of patterns related to the protein expression, with one being directly linked to the increased LED irradiation. A total of 37 proteins were found unique to the least damaged leaf zone, while the medium damaged zone had 372 proteins, and the severely damaged presented unique 1003 proteins. Oxygen evolving complex and PSII complex proteins (PsbH, PsbS, PsbR and Psb28) were found to be abundant in the most damaged leaf zone. This leaf zone presented a protein involved in the salicylic acid response, while it was not abundant in the other leaf zones. The mRNA level of PsbR was significantly lower (1-fold) compared the control in the most damaged zone of the leaf, while Psb28 and PsbH were lower (1-fold) in the less damaged leaf zones. PsbS mRNA abundance in all leaf zones tested presented no statistically significant change from the control. CONCLUSIONS We present the first characterization of the proteome changes caused by an extreme level of high-light intensity (24,000 μmol m- 2 s- 1). The proteomics results show the presence of specific defense responses to each level of light intensity, with a possible involvement of proteins PsbH, Psb28, PsbR, and PsbS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora Parrine
- Department of Bioresource Engineering, Macdonald Campus, McGill University, 21,111 Lakeshore Boulevard, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec H9X 3V9 Canada
| | - Bo-Sen Wu
- Department of Bioresource Engineering, Macdonald Campus, McGill University, 21,111 Lakeshore Boulevard, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec H9X 3V9 Canada
| | - Bilal Muhammad
- Department of Animal Science, Macdonald Campus, McGill University, 21,111 Lakeshore Boulevard, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9 Canada
| | - Keith Rivera
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY USA
| | - Darryl Pappin
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY USA
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Animal Science, Macdonald Campus, McGill University, 21,111 Lakeshore Boulevard, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9 Canada
| | - Mark Lefsrud
- Department of Bioresource Engineering, Macdonald Campus, McGill University, 21,111 Lakeshore Boulevard, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec H9X 3V9 Canada
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Cordara A, Manfredi M, van Alphen P, Marengo E, Pirone R, Saracco G, Branco Dos Santos F, Hellingwerf KJ, Pagliano C. Response of the thylakoid proteome of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 to photohinibitory intensities of orange-red light. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2018; 132:524-534. [PMID: 30316162 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Photoautotrophic growth of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 in a flat-panel photobioreactor, run in turbidostat mode under increasing intensities of orange-red light (636 nm), showed a maximal growth rate (0.12 h-1) at 300 μmolphotons m-2 s-1, whereas first signs of photoinhibition were detected above 800 μmolphotons m-2 s-1. To investigate the dynamic modulation of the thylakoid proteome in response to photoinhibitory light intensities, quantitative proteomics analyses by SWATH mass spectrometry were performed by comparing thylakoid membranes extracted from Synechocystis grown under low-intensity illumination (i.e. 50 μmolphotons m-2 s-1) with samples isolated from cells subjected to photoinhibitory light regimes (800, 950 and 1460 μmolphotons m-2 s-1). We identified and quantified 126 proteins with altered abundance in all three photoinhibitory illumination regimes. These data reveal the strategies by which Synechocystis responds to photoinibitory growth irradiances of orange-red light. The accumulation of core proteins of Photosystem II and reduction of oxygen-evolving-complex subunits in photoinhibited cells revealed a different turnover and repair rates of the integral and extrinsic Photosystem II subunits with variation of light intensity. Furthermore, Synechocystis displayed a differentiated response to photoinhibitory regimes also regarding Photosystem I: the amount of PsaD, PsaE, PsaJ and PsaM subunits decreased, while there was an increased abundance of the PsaA, PsaB, Psak2 and PsaL proteins. Photoinhibition with 636 nm light also elicited an increased capacity for cyclic electron transport, a lowering of the amount of phycobilisomes and an increase of the orange carotenoid protein content, all presumably as a photoprotective mechanism against the generation of reactive oxygen species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Cordara
- Applied Science and Technology Department-BioSolar Lab, Politecnico di Torino, Environment Park, Via Livorno 60, 10144, Torino, Italy; Centre for Sustainable Future Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Environment Park, Via Livorno 60, 10144, Torino, Italy
| | - Marcello Manfredi
- ISALIT-Department of Science and Technological Innovation, University of Eastern Piedmont, Viale T. Michel 11, 15121, Alessandria, Italy; Department of Science and Technological Innovation, University of Eastern Piedmont, Viale T. Michel 11, 15121, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Pascal van Alphen
- Molecular Microbial Physiology Group, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1090, GE, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Emilio Marengo
- ISALIT-Department of Science and Technological Innovation, University of Eastern Piedmont, Viale T. Michel 11, 15121, Alessandria, Italy; Department of Science and Technological Innovation, University of Eastern Piedmont, Viale T. Michel 11, 15121, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Raffaele Pirone
- Applied Science and Technology Department, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129, Torino, Italy
| | - Guido Saracco
- Applied Science and Technology Department, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129, Torino, Italy
| | - Filipe Branco Dos Santos
- Molecular Microbial Physiology Group, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1090, GE, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Klaas J Hellingwerf
- Molecular Microbial Physiology Group, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1090, GE, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Cristina Pagliano
- Applied Science and Technology Department-BioSolar Lab, Politecnico di Torino, Environment Park, Via Livorno 60, 10144, Torino, Italy.
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Nisler J, Zatloukal M, Sobotka R, Pilný J, Zdvihalová B, Novák O, Strnad M, Spíchal L. New Urea Derivatives Are Effective Anti-senescence Compounds Acting Most Likely via a Cytokinin-Independent Mechanism. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1225. [PMID: 30271413 PMCID: PMC6142817 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Stress-induced senescence is a global agro-economic problem. Cytokinins are considered to be key plant anti-senescence hormones, but despite this practical function their use in agriculture is limited because cytokinins also inhibit root growth and development. We explored new cytokinin analogs by synthesizing a series of 1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl urea derivatives. The most potent compound, 1-(2-methoxy-ethyl)-3-1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl urea (ASES - Anti-Senescence Substance), strongly inhibited dark-induced senescence in leaves of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and Arabidopsis thaliana. The inhibitory effect of ASES on wheat leaf senescence was, to the best of our knowledge, the strongest of any known natural or synthetic compound. In vivo, ASES also improved the salt tolerance of young wheat plants. Interestingly, ASES did not affect root development of wheat and Arabidopsis, and molecular and classical cytokinin bioassays demonstrated that ASES exhibits very low cytokinin activity. A proteomic analysis of the ASES-treated leaves further revealed that the senescence-induced degradation of photosystem II had been very effectively blocked. Taken together, our results including data from cytokinin content analysis demonstrate that ASES delays leaf senescence by mechanism(s) different from those of cytokinins and, more effectively. No such substance has yet been described in the literature, which makes ASES an interesting tool for research of photosynthesis regulation. Its simple synthesis and high efficiency predetermine ASES to become also a potent plant stress protectant in biotechnology and agricultural industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaroslav Nisler
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR & Palacký University, Olomouc, Czechia
- Department of Chemical Biology and Genetics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Marek Zatloukal
- Department of Chemical Biology and Genetics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Roman Sobotka
- Laboratory of Photosynthesis, Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology, Třeboň, Czechia
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czechia
| | - Jan Pilný
- Laboratory of Photosynthesis, Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology, Třeboň, Czechia
| | - Barbora Zdvihalová
- Laboratory of Photosynthesis, Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology, Třeboň, Czechia
| | - Ondrej Novák
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR & Palacký University, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Miroslav Strnad
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR & Palacký University, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Lukáš Spíchal
- Department of Chemical Biology and Genetics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czechia
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Ycf48 involved in the biogenesis of the oxygen-evolving photosystem II complex is a seven-bladed beta-propeller protein. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E7824-E7833. [PMID: 30061392 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1800609115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Robust photosynthesis in chloroplasts and cyanobacteria requires the participation of accessory proteins to facilitate the assembly and maintenance of the photosynthetic apparatus located within the thylakoid membranes. The highly conserved Ycf48 protein acts early in the biogenesis of the oxygen-evolving photosystem II (PSII) complex by binding to newly synthesized precursor D1 subunit and by promoting efficient association with the D2 protein to form a PSII reaction center (PSII RC) assembly intermediate. Ycf48 is also required for efficient replacement of damaged D1 during the repair of PSII. However, the structural features underpinning Ycf48 function remain unclear. Here we show that Ycf48 proteins encoded by the thermophilic cyanobacterium Thermosynechococcus elongatus and the red alga Cyanidioschyzon merolae form seven-bladed beta-propellers with the 19-aa insertion characteristic of eukaryotic Ycf48 located at the junction of blades 3 and 4. Knowledge of these structures has allowed us to identify a conserved "Arg patch" on the surface of Ycf48 that is important for binding of Ycf48 to PSII RCs but also to larger complexes, including trimeric photosystem I (PSI). Reduced accumulation of chlorophyll in the absence of Ycf48 and the association of Ycf48 with PSI provide evidence of a more wide-ranging role for Ycf48 in the biogenesis of the photosynthetic apparatus than previously thought. Copurification of Ycf48 with the cyanobacterial YidC protein insertase supports the involvement of Ycf48 during the cotranslational insertion of chlorophyll-binding apopolypeptides into the membrane.
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Shukla MK, Llansola-Portoles MJ, Tichý M, Pascal AA, Robert B, Sobotka R. Binding of pigments to the cyanobacterial high-light-inducible protein HliC. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2018; 137:29-39. [PMID: 29280045 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-017-0475-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria possess a family of one-helix high-light-inducible proteins (HLIPs) that are widely viewed as ancestors of the light-harvesting antenna of plants and algae. HLIPs are essential for viability under various stress conditions, although their exact role is not fully understood. The unicellular cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 contains four HLIPs named HliA-D, and HliD has recently been isolated in a small protein complex and shown to bind chlorophyll and β-carotene. However, no HLIP has been isolated and characterized in a pure form up to now. We have developed a protocol to purify large quantities of His-tagged HliC from an engineered Synechocystis strain. Purified His-HliC is a pigmented homo-oligomer and is associated with chlorophyll and β-carotene with a 2:1 ratio. This differs from the 3:1 ratio reported for HliD. Comparison of these two HLIPs by resonance Raman spectroscopy revealed a similar conformation for their bound β-carotenes, but clear differences in their chlorophylls. We present and discuss a structural model of HliC, in which a dimeric protein binds four chlorophyll molecules and two β-carotenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahendra Kumar Shukla
- Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 379 81, Třeboň, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, 370 01, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Manuel J Llansola-Portoles
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
| | - Martin Tichý
- Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 379 81, Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Andrew A Pascal
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
| | - Bruno Robert
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
| | - Roman Sobotka
- Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 379 81, Třeboň, Czech Republic.
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, 370 01, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
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Skotnicová P, Sobotka R, Shepherd M, Hájek J, Hrouzek P, Tichý M. The cyanobacterial protoporphyrinogen oxidase HemJ is a new b-type heme protein functionally coupled with coproporphyrinogen III oxidase. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:12394-12404. [PMID: 29925590 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.003441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase (PPO), the last enzyme that is common to both chlorophyll and heme biosynthesis pathways, catalyzes the oxidation of protoporphyrinogen IX to protoporphyrin IX. PPO has several isoforms, including the oxygen-dependent HemY and an oxygen-independent enzyme, HemG. However, most cyanobacteria encode HemJ, the least characterized PPO form. We have characterized HemJ from the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 (Synechocystis 6803) as a bona fide PPO; HemJ down-regulation resulted in accumulation of tetrapyrrole precursors and in the depletion of chlorophyll precursors. The expression of FLAG-tagged Synechocystis 6803 HemJ protein (HemJ.f) and affinity isolation of HemJ.f under native conditions revealed that it binds heme b The most stable HemJ.f form was a dimer, and higher oligomeric forms were also observed. Using both oxygen and artificial electron acceptors, we detected no enzymatic activity with the purified HemJ.f, consistent with the hypothesis that the enzymatic mechanism for HemJ is distinct from those of other PPO isoforms. The heme absorption spectra and distant HemJ homology to several membrane oxidases indicated that the heme in HemJ is redox-active and involved in electron transfer. HemJ was conditionally complemented by another PPO, HemG from Escherichia coli. If grown photoautotrophically, the complemented strain accumulated tripropionic tetrapyrrole harderoporphyrin, suggesting a defect in enzymatic conversion of coproporphyrinogen III to protoporphyrinogen IX, catalyzed by coproporphyrinogen III oxidase (CPO). This observation supports the hypothesis that HemJ is functionally coupled with CPO and that this coupling is disrupted after replacement of HemJ by HemG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Skotnicová
- From the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Microbiology, Centre Algatech, 379 81 Třeboň, Czech Republic.,the Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic, and
| | - Roman Sobotka
- From the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Microbiology, Centre Algatech, 379 81 Třeboň, Czech Republic.,the Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic, and
| | - Mark Shepherd
- the School of Biosciences, RAPID Group, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NZ,United Kingdom
| | - Jan Hájek
- From the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Microbiology, Centre Algatech, 379 81 Třeboň, Czech Republic.,the Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic, and
| | - Pavel Hrouzek
- From the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Microbiology, Centre Algatech, 379 81 Třeboň, Czech Republic.,the Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic, and
| | - Martin Tichý
- From the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Microbiology, Centre Algatech, 379 81 Třeboň, Czech Republic, .,the Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic, and
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Wittkopp TM, Saroussi S, Yang W, Johnson X, Kim RG, Heinnickel ML, Russell JJ, Phuthong W, Dent RM, Broeckling CD, Peers G, Lohr M, Wollman FA, Niyogi KK, Grossman AR. GreenCut protein CPLD49 of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii associates with thylakoid membranes and is required for cytochrome b 6 f complex accumulation. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2018; 94:1023-1037. [PMID: 29602195 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Revised: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The GreenCut encompasses a suite of nucleus-encoded proteins with orthologs among green lineage organisms (plants, green algae), but that are absent or poorly conserved in non-photosynthetic/heterotrophic organisms. In Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, CPLD49 (Conserved in Plant Lineage and Diatoms49) is an uncharacterized GreenCut protein that is critical for maintaining normal photosynthetic function. We demonstrate that a cpld49 mutant has impaired photoautotrophic growth under high-light conditions. The mutant exhibits a nearly 90% reduction in the level of the cytochrome b6 f complex (Cytb6 f), which impacts linear and cyclic electron transport, but does not compromise the ability of the strain to perform state transitions. Furthermore, CPLD49 strongly associates with thylakoid membranes where it may be part of a membrane protein complex with another GreenCut protein, CPLD38; a mutant null for CPLD38 also impacts Cytb6 f complex accumulation. We investigated several potential functions of CPLD49, with some suggested by protein homology. Our findings are congruent with the hypothesis that CPLD38 and CPLD49 are part of a novel thylakoid membrane complex that primarily modulates accumulation, but also impacts the activity of the Cytb6 f complex. Based on motifs of CPLD49 and the activities of other CPLD49-like proteins, we suggest a role for this putative dehydrogenase in the synthesis of a lipophilic thylakoid membrane molecule or cofactor that influences the assembly and activity of Cytb6 f.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler M Wittkopp
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Shai Saroussi
- Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Wenqiang Yang
- Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Xenie Johnson
- Laboratoire de Bioénergétique et Biotechnologie des Bactéries et Microalgues, CEA Cadarache, Saint Paul lez Durance, France
| | - Rick G Kim
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Mark L Heinnickel
- Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - James J Russell
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Witchukorn Phuthong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Rachel M Dent
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720-3102, USA
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Corey D Broeckling
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Graham Peers
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Martin Lohr
- Institut für Molekulare Physiologie - Pflanzenbiochemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, 55099, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Krishna K Niyogi
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720-3102, USA
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Arthur R Grossman
- Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
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Bučinská L, Kiss É, Koník P, Knoppová J, Komenda J, Sobotka R. The Ribosome-Bound Protein Pam68 Promotes Insertion of Chlorophyll into the CP47 Subunit of Photosystem II. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 176:2931-2942. [PMID: 29463774 PMCID: PMC5884600 DOI: 10.1104/pp.18.00061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Photosystem II (PSII) is a large enzyme complex embedded in the thylakoid membrane of oxygenic phototrophs. The biogenesis of PSII requires the assembly of more than 30 subunits, with the assistance of a number of auxiliary proteins. In plants and cyanobacteria, the photosynthesis-affected mutant 68 (Pam68) is important for PSII assembly. However, its mechanisms of action remain unknown. Using a Synechocystis PCC 6803 strain expressing Flag-tagged Pam68, we purified a large protein complex containing ribosomes, SecY translocase, and the chlorophyll-binding PSII inner antenna CP47. Using 2D gel electrophoresis, we identified a pigmented Pam68-CP47 subcomplex and found Pam68 bound to ribosomes. Our results show that Pam68 binds to ribosomes even in the absence of CP47 translation. Furthermore, Pam68 associates with CP47 at an early phase of its biogenesis and promotes the synthesis of this chlorophyll-binding polypeptide until the attachment of the small PSII subunit PsbH. Deletion of both Pam68 and PsbH nearly abolishes the synthesis of CP47, which can be restored by enhancing chlorophyll biosynthesis. These results strongly suggest that ribosome-bound Pam68 stabilizes membrane segments of CP47 and facilitates the insertion of chlorophyll molecules into the translated CP47 polypeptide chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenka Bučinská
- Laboratory of Photosynthesis, Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences, 37981 Třeboň, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Éva Kiss
- Laboratory of Photosynthesis, Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences, 37981 Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Peter Koník
- Laboratory of Photosynthesis, Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences, 37981 Třeboň, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Knoppová
- Laboratory of Photosynthesis, Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences, 37981 Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Komenda
- Laboratory of Photosynthesis, Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences, 37981 Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Sobotka
- Laboratory of Photosynthesis, Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences, 37981 Třeboň, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
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49
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Dachev M, Bína D, Sobotka R, Moravcová L, Gardian Z, Kaftan D, Šlouf V, Fuciman M, Polívka T, Koblížek M. Unique double concentric ring organization of light harvesting complexes in Gemmatimonas phototrophica. PLoS Biol 2017; 15:e2003943. [PMID: 29253871 PMCID: PMC5749889 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.2003943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The majority of life on Earth depends directly or indirectly on the sun as a source of energy. The initial step of photosynthesis is facilitated by light-harvesting complexes, which capture and transfer light energy into the reaction centers (RCs). Here, we analyzed the organization of photosynthetic (PS) complexes in the bacterium G. phototrophica, which so far is the only phototrophic representative of the bacterial phylum Gemmatimonadetes. The isolated complex has a molecular weight of about 800 ± 100 kDa, which is approximately 2 times larger than the core complex of Rhodospirillum rubrum. The complex contains 62.4 ± 4.7 bacteriochlorophyll (BChl) a molecules absorbing in 2 distinct infrared absorption bands with maxima at 816 and 868 nm. Using femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy, we determined the energy transfer time between these spectral bands as 2 ps. Single particle analyses of the purified complexes showed that they were circular structures with an outer diameter of approximately 18 nm and a thickness of 7 nm. Based on the obtained, we propose that the light-harvesting complexes in G. phototrophica form 2 concentric rings surrounding the type 2 RC. The inner ring (corresponding to the B868 absorption band) is composed of 15 subunits and is analogous to the inner light-harvesting complex 1 (LH1) in purple bacteria. The outer ring is composed of 15 more distant BChl dimers with no or slow energy transfer between them, resulting in the B816 absorption band. This completely unique and elegant organization offers good structural stability, as well as high efficiency of light harvesting. Our results reveal that while the PS apparatus of Gemmatimonadetes was acquired via horizontal gene transfer from purple bacteria, it later evolved along its own pathway, devising a new arrangement of its light harvesting complexes. The majority of life on Earth depends directly or indirectly on the sun as a source of energy. Phototrophic organisms use energy from light to power various cellular and metabolic processes. The initial step of photosynthesis is facilitated by light-harvesting complexes, which capture and transfer light energy into the reaction centers where it is used to power proton gradients or to form new chemical bonds. Here, we analyzed photosynthetic complexes in Gemmatimonas phototrophica, the only known phototrophic representative of the bacterial phylum Gemmatimonadetes. Using a combination of biochemical and spectroscopic techniques, we show that the light-harvesting complexes of G. phototrophica are organized in 2 concentric rings around the reaction center. This organization is unique among anoxygenic phototrophs. It offers both structural stability and high efficiency of light harvesting. The structural unit of both antenna rings is a dimer of photosynthetic pigments called bacteriochlorophyll. The inner ring is populated by more densely packed dimers, while the outer ring contains more distant dimers with a minimal excitation exchange. Such an arrangement modifies the spectral properties of bacteriochlorophylls in the complex and ensures efficient capture of light in the near-infrared part of the solar spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko Dachev
- Center Algatech, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - David Bína
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Biology Center of the Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Sobotka
- Center Algatech, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Třeboň, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Moravcová
- Center Algatech, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenko Gardian
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Biology Center of the Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - David Kaftan
- Center Algatech, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Třeboň, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Václav Šlouf
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Marcel Fuciman
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Polívka
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Biology Center of the Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Koblížek
- Center Algatech, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Třeboň, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- * E-mail:
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50
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Materová Z, Sobotka R, Zdvihalová B, Oravec M, Nezval J, Karlický V, Vrábl D, Štroch M, Špunda V. Monochromatic green light induces an aberrant accumulation of geranylgeranyled chlorophylls in plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2017; 116:48-56. [PMID: 28527413 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2017.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Revised: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Light quality is an important environmental factor affecting the biosynthesis of photosynthetic pigments whose production seems to be affected not only quantitatively but also qualitatively. In this work, we set out to identify unusual pigment detected in leaves of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and explain its presence in plants grown under monochromatic green light (GL; 500-590 nm). The chromatographic analysis (HPLC-DAD) revealed that a peak belonging to this unknown pigment is eluted between chlorophyll (Chl) a and b. This pigment exhibited the same absorption spectrum and fluorescence excitation and emission spectra as Chl a. It was negligible in control plants cultivated under white light of the same irradiance (photosynthetic photon flux density of 240 μmol m-2 s-1). Mass spectrometry analysis of this pigment (ions m/z = 889 [M-H]-; m/z = 949 [M+acetic acid-H]-) indicates that it is Chl a with a tetrahydrogengeranylgeraniol side chain (containing two double bonds in a phytyl side chain; Chl aTHGG), which is an intermediate in Chl a synthesis. In plants grown under GL, the proportion of Chl aTHGG to total Chl content rose to approximately 8% and 16% after 7 and 14 days of cultivation, respectively. Surprisingly, plants cultivated under GL exhibited drastically increased concentration of the enzyme geranylgeranyl reductase, which is responsible for the reduction of phytyl chain double bonds in the Chl synthesis pathway. This indicates impaired activity of this enzyme in GL-grown plants. A similar effect of GL on Chl synthesis was observed for distinct higher plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Materová
- Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, 30. dubna 22, 701 03 Ostrava 1, Czech Republic.
| | - Roman Sobotka
- Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology, The Czech Academy of Sciences, 379 81 Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Zdvihalová
- Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology, The Czech Academy of Sciences, 379 81 Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Oravec
- Global Change Research Institute, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 986/4a, 603 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Nezval
- Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, 30. dubna 22, 701 03 Ostrava 1, Czech Republic
| | - Václav Karlický
- Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, 30. dubna 22, 701 03 Ostrava 1, Czech Republic; Global Change Research Institute, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 986/4a, 603 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Vrábl
- Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, 30. dubna 22, 701 03 Ostrava 1, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Štroch
- Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, 30. dubna 22, 701 03 Ostrava 1, Czech Republic; Global Change Research Institute, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 986/4a, 603 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Špunda
- Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, 30. dubna 22, 701 03 Ostrava 1, Czech Republic; Global Change Research Institute, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 986/4a, 603 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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