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Hu Z, Wu Z, Zhu Q, Ma M, Li Y, Dai X, Han S, Xiang S, Yang S, Luo J, Kong Q, Ding J. Multilayer regulatory landscape and new regulators identification for bud dormancy release and bud break in Populus. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024; 47:3181-3197. [PMID: 38712996 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
For trees originating from boreal and temperate regions, the dormancy-to-active transition, also known as bud dormancy release and bud break, are crucial processes that allow trees to reactive growth in the spring. The molecular mechanisms underlying these two processes remain poorly understood. Here, through integrative multiomics analysis of the transcriptome, DNA methylome, and proteome, we gained insights into the reprogrammed cellular processes associated with bud dormancy release and bud break. Our findings revealed multilayer regulatory landscapes governing bud dormancy release and bud break regulation, providing a valuable reference framework for future functional studies. Based on the multiomics analysis, we have determined a novel long intergenic noncoding RNA named Phenology Responsive Intergenic lncRNA 1 (PRIR1) plays a role in the activation of bud break. that the molecular mechanism of PRIR1 has been preliminary explored, and it may partially promote bud break by activating its neighbouring gene, EXORDIUM LIKE 5 (PtEXL5), which has also been genetically confirmed as an activator for bud break. This study has revealed a lncRNA-mediated regulatory mechanism for the control of bud break in Populus, operating independently of known regulatory pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhu Hu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Engineering Technology Research Centre for Forestry Information, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhihao Wu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Engineering Technology Research Centre for Forestry Information, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiangqiang Zhu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Engineering Technology Research Centre for Forestry Information, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mingru Ma
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Engineering Technology Research Centre for Forestry Information, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yue Li
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Engineering Technology Research Centre for Forestry Information, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaokang Dai
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Engineering Technology Research Centre for Forestry Information, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shaopeng Han
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Engineering Technology Research Centre for Forestry Information, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Songzhu Xiang
- Shennongjia Academy of Forestry, Shennongjia Forestry District, Hubei, China
| | - Siting Yang
- Shennongjia Academy of Forestry, Shennongjia Forestry District, Hubei, China
| | - Jie Luo
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Engineering Technology Research Centre for Forestry Information, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiusheng Kong
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Engineering Technology Research Centre for Forestry Information, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jihua Ding
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Engineering Technology Research Centre for Forestry Information, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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2
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Gao Y, Chen Z, Feng Q, Long T, Ding J, Shu P, Deng H, Yu P, Tan W, Liu S, Rodriguez LG, Wang L, Resco de Dios V, Yao Y. ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5a modulates FLOWERING LOCUS T2 and gibberellin levels to control dormancy and bud break in poplar. THE PLANT CELL 2024; 36:1963-1984. [PMID: 38271284 PMCID: PMC11062467 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koae022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Photoperiod is a crucial environmental cue for phenological responses, including growth cessation and winter dormancy in perennial woody plants. Two regulatory modules within the photoperiod pathway explain bud dormancy induction in poplar (Populus spp.): the circadian oscillator LATE ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 2 (LHY2) and GIGANTEA-like genes (GIs) both regulate the key target for winter dormancy induction FLOWERING LOCUS T2 (FT2). However, modification of LHY2 and GIs cannot completely prevent growth cessation and bud set under short-day (SD) conditions, indicating that additional regulatory modules are likely involved. We identified PtoHY5a, an orthologs of the photomorphogenesis regulatory factor ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5 (HY5) in poplar (Populus tomentosa), that directly activates PtoFT2 expression and represses the circadian oscillation of LHY2, indirectly activating PtoFT2 expression. Thus, PtoHY5a suppresses SD-induced growth cessation and bud set. Accordingly, PtoHY5a knockout facilitates dormancy induction. PtoHY5a also inhibits bud-break in poplar by controlling gibberellic acid (GA) levels in apical buds. Additionally, PtoHY5a regulates the photoperiodic control of seasonal growth downstream of phytochrome PHYB2. Thus, PtoHY5a modulates seasonal growth in poplar by regulating the PtoPHYB2-PtoHY5a-PtoFT2 module to determine the onset of winter dormancy, and by fine-tuning GA levels to control bud-break.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfeng Gao
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, 621010 Mianyang, China
| | - Zihao Chen
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, 621010 Mianyang, China
| | - Qian Feng
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, 621010 Mianyang, China
| | - Tao Long
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, 621010 Mianyang, China
| | - Jihua Ding
- College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070 Wuhan, China
| | - Peng Shu
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, 400037 Chongqing, China
| | - Heng Deng
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, 621010 Mianyang, China
| | - Peizhi Yu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, 621010 Mianyang, China
| | - Wenrong Tan
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, 621010 Mianyang, China
| | - Siqin Liu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, 621010 Mianyang, China
| | - Lucas Gutierrez Rodriguez
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, 621010 Mianyang, China
| | - Lijun Wang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, 621010 Mianyang, China
| | - Víctor Resco de Dios
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, 621010 Mianyang, China
| | - Yinan Yao
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, 621010 Mianyang, China
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Zlobin IE. Tree post-drought recovery: scenarios, regulatory mechanisms and ways to improve. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2024. [PMID: 38581143 DOI: 10.1111/brv.13083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Efficient post-drought recovery of growth and assimilation enables a plant to return to its undisturbed state and functioning. Unlike annual plants, trees suffer not only from the current drought, but also from cumulative impacts of consecutive water stresses which cause adverse legacy effects on survival and performance. This review provides an integrated assessment of ecological, physiological and molecular evidence on the recovery of growth and photosynthesis in trees, with a view to informing the breeding of trees with a better ability to recover from water stress. Suppression of recovery processes can result not only from stress damage but also from a controlled downshift of recovery as part of tree acclimation to water-limited conditions. In the latter case, recovery processes could potentially be activated by turning off the controlling mechanisms, but several obstacles make this unlikely. Tree phenology, and specifically photoperiodic constraints, can limit post-drought recovery of growth and photosynthesis, and targeting these constraints may represent a promising way to breed trees with an enhanced ability to recover post-drought. The mechanisms of photoperiod-dependent regulation of shoot, secondary and root growth and of assimilation processes are reviewed. Finally, the limitations and trade-offs of altering the photoperiodic regulation of growth and assimilation processes are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilya E Zlobin
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, RAS, 35 Botanicheskaya St, Moscow, 127276, Russia
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Alique D, Redondo López A, González Schain N, Allona I, Wabnik K, Perales M. Core clock genes adjust growth cessation time to day-night switches in poplar. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1784. [PMID: 38413620 PMCID: PMC10899572 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46081-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Poplar trees use photoperiod as a precise seasonal indicator, synchronizing plant phenology with the environment. Daylength cue determines FLOWERING LOCUS T 2 (FT2) daily expression, crucial for shoot apex development and establishment of the annual growing period. However, limited evidence exists for the molecular factors controlling FT2 transcription and the conservation with the photoperiodic control of Arabidopsis flowering. We demonstrate that FT2 expression mediates growth cessation response quantitatively, and we provide a minimal data-driven model linking core clock genes to FT2 daily levels. GIGANTEA (GI) emerges as a critical inducer of the FT2 activation window, time-bound by TIMING OF CAB EXPRESSION (TOC1) and LATE ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL (LHY2) repressions. CRISPR/Cas9 loss-of-function lines validate these roles, identifying TOC1 as a long-sought FT2 repressor. Additionally, model simulations predict that FT2 downregulation upon daylength shortening results from a progressive narrowing of this activation window, driven by the phase shift observed in the preceding clock genes. This circadian-mediated mechanism enables poplar to exploit FT2 levels as an accurate daylength-meter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Alique
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP, UPM-INIA) Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA, CSIC), Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223, Madrid, Spain
| | - Arturo Redondo López
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP, UPM-INIA) Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA, CSIC), Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nahuel González Schain
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP, UPM-INIA) Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA, CSIC), Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario, CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Isabel Allona
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP, UPM-INIA) Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA, CSIC), Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - Krzysztof Wabnik
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP, UPM-INIA) Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA, CSIC), Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223, Madrid, Spain.
- Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Madrid, 28040, Spain.
| | - Mariano Perales
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP, UPM-INIA) Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA, CSIC), Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223, Madrid, Spain.
- Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Madrid, 28040, Spain.
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Wei H, Luo M, Deng J, Xiao Y, Yan H, Liu H, Li Y, Song Q, Xiao X, Shen J, Kong H, Sun F, Luo K. SPL16 and SPL23 mediate photoperiodic control of seasonal growth in Populus trees. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 241:1646-1661. [PMID: 38115785 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Perennial trees in boreal and temperate regions undergo growth cessation and bud set under short photoperiods, which are regulated by phytochrome B (phyB) photoreceptors and PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR 8 (PIF8) proteins. However, the direct signaling components downstream of the phyB-PIF8 module remain unclear. We found that short photoperiods suppressed the expression of miR156, while upregulated the expression of miR156-targeted SQUAMOSA-PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE 16 (SPL16) and SPL23 in leaves and shoot apices of Populus trees. Accordingly, either overexpression of MIR156a/c or mutagenesis of SPL16/23 resulted in the attenuation of growth cessation and bud set under short days (SD), whereas overexpression of SPL16 and SPL23 conferred early growth cessation. We further showed that SPL16 and SPL23 directly suppressed FLOWERING LOCUS T2 (FT2) expression while promoted BRANCHED1 (BRC1.1 and BRC1.2) expression. Moreover, we revealed that PIF8.1/8.2, positive regulators of growth cessation, directly bound to promoters of MIR156a and MIR156c and inhibited their expression to modulate downstream pathways. Our results reveal a connection between the phyB-PIF8 module-mediated photoperiod perception and the miR156-SPL16/23-FT2/BRC1 regulatory cascades in SD-induced growth cessation. Our study provides insights into the rewiring of a conserved miR156-SPL module in the regulation of seasonal growth in Populus trees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbin Wei
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Mengting Luo
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Jiao Deng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yue Xiao
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Huiting Yan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Huajie Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yi Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Qin Song
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Xingyue Xiao
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Junlong Shen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Hanying Kong
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Fan Sun
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Keming Luo
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments of Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
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Wu Y, Di T, Wu Z, Peng J, Wang J, Zhang K, He M, Li N, Hao X, Fang W, Wang X, Wang L. CsLHY positively regulates cold tolerance by activating CsSWEET17 in tea plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 207:108341. [PMID: 38266557 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Low temperature is one of the most important environmental factors limiting tea plants' geographic distribution and severely affects spring tea's yield and quality. Circadian components contribute to plant responses to low temperatures; however, comparatively little is known about these components in tea plants. In this study, we identified a core clock component the LATE ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL, CsLHY, which is mainly expressed in tea plants' mature leaves, flowers, and roots. Notably, CsLHY maintained its circadian rhythmicity of expression in summer, but was disrupted in winter and held a high expression level. Meanwhile, we found that CsLHY expression rhythm was not affected by different photoperiods but was quickly broken by cold, and the low temperature induced and kept CsLHY expression at a relatively high level. Yeast one-hybrid and dual-luciferase assays confirmed that CsLHY can bind to the promoter of Sugars Will Eventually be Exported Transporters 17 (CsSWEET17) and function as a transcriptional activator. Furthermore, suppression of CsLHY expression in tea leaves not only reduced CsSWEET17 expression but also impaired the freezing tolerance of leaves compared to the control. Our results demonstrate that CsLHY plays a positive role in the low-temperature response of tea plants by regulating CsSWEET17 when considered together.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yedie Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Center for Tea Plant Improvement, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China
| | - Taimei Di
- Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Center for Tea Plant Improvement, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China
| | - Zhijing Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Center for Tea Plant Improvement, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China; College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jing Peng
- Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Center for Tea Plant Improvement, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Center for Tea Plant Improvement, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China
| | - Kexin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Center for Tea Plant Improvement, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China
| | - Mingming He
- Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Center for Tea Plant Improvement, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China
| | - Nana Li
- Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Center for Tea Plant Improvement, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China
| | - Xinyuan Hao
- Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Center for Tea Plant Improvement, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China
| | - Wanping Fang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xinchao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Center for Tea Plant Improvement, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Center for Tea Plant Improvement, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China.
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7
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Chu X, Wang M, Fan Z, Li J, Yin H. Molecular Mechanisms of Seasonal Gene Expression in Trees. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1666. [PMID: 38338945 PMCID: PMC10855862 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In trees, the annual cycling of active and dormant states in buds is closely regulated by environmental factors, which are of primary significance to their productivity and survival. It has been found that the parallel or convergent evolution of molecular pathways that respond to day length or temperature can lead to the establishment of conserved periodic gene expression patterns. In recent years, it has been shown in many woody plants that change in annual rhythmic patterns of gene expression may underpin the adaptive evolution in forest trees. In this review, we summarize the progress on the molecular mechanisms of seasonal regulation on the processes of shoot growth, bud dormancy, and bud break in response to day length and temperature factors. We focus on seasonal expression patterns of genes involved in dormancy and their associated epigenetic modifications; the seasonal changes in the extent of modifications, such as DNA methylation, histone acetylation, and histone methylation, at dormancy-associated loci have been revealed for their actions on gene regulation. In addition, we provide an outlook on the direction of research on the annual cycle of tree growth under climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 311400, China; (X.C.); (M.W.); (Z.F.); (J.L.)
- College of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Minyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 311400, China; (X.C.); (M.W.); (Z.F.); (J.L.)
| | - Zhengqi Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 311400, China; (X.C.); (M.W.); (Z.F.); (J.L.)
| | - Jiyuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 311400, China; (X.C.); (M.W.); (Z.F.); (J.L.)
| | - Hengfu Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 311400, China; (X.C.); (M.W.); (Z.F.); (J.L.)
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Zhao B, Wang JW. Perenniality: From model plants to applications in agriculture. MOLECULAR PLANT 2024; 17:141-157. [PMID: 38115580 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2023.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
To compensate for their sessile nature, plants have evolved sophisticated mechanisms enabling them to adapt to ever-changing environments. One such prominent feature is the evolution of diverse life history strategies, particularly such that annuals reproduce once followed by seasonal death, while perennials live longer by cycling growth seasonally. This intrinsic phenology is primarily genetic and can be altered by environmental factors. Although evolutionary transitions between annual and perennial life history strategies are common, perennials account for most species in nature because they survive well under year-round stresses. This proportion, however, is reversed in agriculture. Hence, perennial crops promise to likewise protect and enhance the resilience of agricultural ecosystems in response to climate change. Despite significant endeavors that have been made to generate perennial crops, progress is slow because of barriers in studying perennials, and many developed species await further improvement. Recent findings in model species have illustrated that simply rewiring existing genetic networks can lead to lifestyle variation. This implies that engineering plant life history strategy can be achieved by manipulating only a few key genes. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of genetic basis of perenniality and discuss major questions and challenges that remain to be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences (CEMPS), Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology (SIPPE), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jia-Wei Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences (CEMPS), Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology (SIPPE), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai 200032, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China; Key Laboratory of Plant Carbon Capture, CAS, Shanghai 200032, China; New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Shanghai 200032, China.
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9
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Jahed KR, Saini AK, Sherif SM. Coping with the cold: unveiling cryoprotectants, molecular signaling pathways, and strategies for cold stress resilience. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1246093. [PMID: 37649996 PMCID: PMC10465183 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1246093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Low temperature stress significantly threatens crop productivity and economic sustainability. Plants counter this by deploying advanced molecular mechanisms to perceive and respond to cold stress. Transmembrane proteins initiate these responses, triggering a series of events involving secondary messengers such as calcium ions (Ca2+), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and inositol phosphates. Of these, calcium signaling is paramount, activating downstream phosphorylation cascades and the transcription of cold-responsive genes, including cold-regulated (COR) genes. This review focuses on how plants manage freeze-induced damage through dual strategies: cold tolerance and cold avoidance. Tolerance mechanisms involve acclimatization to decreasing temperatures, fostering gradual accumulation of cold resistance. In contrast, avoidance mechanisms rely on cryoprotectant molecules like potassium ions (K+), proline, glycerol, and antifreeze proteins (AFPs). Cryoprotectants modulate intracellular solute concentration, lower the freezing point, inhibit ice formation, and preserve plasma membrane fluidity. Additionally, these molecules demonstrate antioxidant activity, scavenging ROS, preventing protein denaturation, and subsequently mitigating cellular damage. By forming extensive hydrogen bonds with water molecules, cryoprotectants also limit intercellular water movement, minimizing extracellular ice crystal formation, and cell dehydration. The deployment of cryoprotectants is a key adaptive strategy that bolsters plant resilience to cold stress and promotes survival in freezing environments. However, the specific physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying these protective effects remain insufficiently understood. Therefore, this review underscores the need for further research to elucidate these mechanisms and assess their potential impact on crop productivity and sustainability, contributing to the progressive discourse in plant biology and environmental science.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sherif M. Sherif
- Alson H. Smith Jr. Agricultural Research and Extension Center, School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Winchester, VA, United States
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10
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Hussain Q, Zheng M, Hänninen H, Bhalerao RP, Riaz MW, Sajjad M, Zhang R, Wu J. Effect of the photoperiod on bud dormancy in Liriodendron chinense. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 279:153835. [PMID: 36257086 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2022.153835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Bud dormancy and its release are complex physiological phenomena in plants. The molecular mechanisms of bud dormancy in Liriodendron chinense are mainly unknown. Here, we studied bud dormancy and the related physiological and molecular phenomena in Liriodendron under long-day (LD) and short-day (SD). Bud burst was released faster under LD than under SD. Abscisic acid (ABA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione reductase (GR) activities were increased significantly under LD in Liriodendron buds. In contrast, the contents of gibberellic acid (GA3), ascorbic acid (AsA), glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity decreased under LD but increased under SD. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were up-regulated under LD and down-regulated under SD and these changes correspondingly promoted (LD) or repressed (SD) cell division and the number and/or size of cells in the bud. Transcriptomic analysis of Liriodendron buds under different photoperiods identified 187 DEGs enriched in several pathways such as flavonoid biosynthesis and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, plant hormone and signal transduction, etc. that are associated with antioxidant enzymes, non-enzymatic antioxidants, and subsequently promote the growth of the buds. Our findings provide novel insights into regulating bud dormancy via flavonoid and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, plant hormone and signal transduction pathways, and ABA content. These physiological and biochemical traits would help detect bud dormancy in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quaid Hussain
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, 666 Wusu Street, Hangzhou, 311300, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Silvicultural Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Manjia Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, 666 Wusu Street, Hangzhou, 311300, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Silvicultural Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Heikki Hänninen
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, 666 Wusu Street, Hangzhou, 311300, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Silvicultural Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | | | - Muhammad Waheed Riaz
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, 666 Wusu Street, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Muhammad Sajjad
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, 666 Wusu Street, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, 666 Wusu Street, Hangzhou, 311300, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Silvicultural Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 311300, China.
| | - Jiasheng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, 666 Wusu Street, Hangzhou, 311300, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Silvicultural Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 311300, China.
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11
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Oravec MW, Greenham K. The adaptive nature of the plant circadian clock in natural environments. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 190:968-980. [PMID: 35894658 PMCID: PMC9516730 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The plant circadian clock coordinates developmental, physiological, and metabolic processes with diel changes in light and temperature throughout the year. The balance between the persistence and plasticity of the clock in response to predictable and unpredictable environmental changes may be key to the clock's adaptive nature across temporal and spatial scales. Studies under controlled conditions have uncovered critical signaling pathways involved in light and temperature perception by the clock; however, they don't account for the natural lag of temperature behind photoperiod. Studies in natural environments provide key insights into the clock's adaptive advantage under more complex natural settings. Here, we discuss the role of the circadian clock in light and temperature perception and signaling, how the clock integrates these signals for a coordinated and adaptive response, and the adaptive advantage conferred by the clock across time and space in natural environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeline W Oravec
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108, USA
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12
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Wang W, Talide L, Viljamaa S, Niittylä T. Aspen growth is not limited by starch reserves. Curr Biol 2022; 32:3619-3627.e4. [PMID: 35820419 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2022.06.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
All photosynthetic organisms balance CO2 assimilation with growth and carbon storage. Stored carbon is used for growth at night and when demand exceeds assimilation. Gaining a mechanistic understanding of carbon partitioning between storage and growth in trees is important for biological studies and for estimating the potential of terrestrial photosynthesis to sequester anthropogenic CO2 emissions.1,2 Starch represents the main carbon storage in plants.3,4 To examine the carbon storage mechanism and role of starch during tree growth, we generated and characterized low-starch hybrid aspen (Populus tremula × tremuloides) trees using CRISPR-Cas9-mediated gene editing of two PHOSPHOGLUCOMUTASE (PGM) genes coding for plastidial PGM isoforms essential for starch biosynthesis. We demonstrate that starch deficiency does not reduce tree growth even in short days, showing that starch is not a critical carbon reserve during diel growth of aspen. The low-starch trees assimilated up to ∼30% less CO2 compared to the wild type under a range of irradiance levels, but this did not reduce growth or wood density. This implies that aspen growth is not limited by carbon assimilation under benign growth conditions. Moreover, the timing of bud set and bud flush in the low-starch trees was not altered, implying that starch reserves are not critical for the seasonal growth-dormancy cycle. The findings are consistent with a passive starch storage mechanism that contrasts with the annual Arabidopsis and indicate that the capacity of the aspen to absorb CO2 is limited by the rate of sink tissue growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Umeå S-901 83, Sweden
| | - Loic Talide
- Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Umeå S-901 83, Sweden
| | - Sonja Viljamaa
- Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Umeå S-901 83, Sweden
| | - Totte Niittylä
- Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Umeå S-901 83, Sweden.
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13
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Rhodes BM, Siddiqui H, Khan S, Devlin PF. Dual Role for FHY3 in Light Input to the Clock. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:862387. [PMID: 35755710 PMCID: PMC9218818 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.862387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The red-light regulated transcription factors FHY3 and FAR1 form a key point of light input to the plant circadian clock in positively regulating expression of genes within the central clock. However, the fhy3 mutant shows an additional red light-specific disruption of rhythmicity which is inconsistent with this role. Here we demonstrate that only fhy3 and not far1 mutants show this red specific disruption of rhythmicity. We examined the differences in rhythmic transcriptome in red versus white light and reveal differences in patterns of rhythmicity among the central clock proteins suggestive of a change in emphasis within the central mechanism of the clock, changes which underlie the red specificity of the fhy3 mutant. In particular, changes in enrichment of promoter elements were consistent with a key role for the HY5 transcription factor, a known integrator of the ratio of red to blue light in regulation of the clock. Examination of differences in the rhythmic transcriptome in the fhy3 mutant in red light identified specific disruption of the CCA1-regulated ELF3 and LUX central clock genes, while the CCA1 target TBS element, TGGGCC, was enriched among genes that became arrhythmic. Coupled with the known interaction of FHY3 but not FAR1 with CCA1 we propose that the red-specific circadian phenotype of fhy3 may involve disruption of the previously demonstrated moderation of CCA1 activity by FHY3 rather than a disruption of its own transcriptional regulatory activity. Together, this evidence suggests a conditional redundancy between FHY3 and HY5 in the integration of red and blue light input to the clock in order to enable a plasticity in response to light and optimise plant adaptation. Furthermore, our evidence also suggests changes in CCA1 activity between red and white light transcriptomes. This, together with the documented interaction of HY5 with CCA1, leads us to propose a model whereby this integration of red and blue signals may at least partly occur via direct FHY3 and HY5 interaction with CCA1 leading to moderation of CCA1 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Paul F. Devlin
- Department of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, United Kingdom
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14
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André D, Marcon A, Lee KC, Goretti D, Zhang B, Delhomme N, Schmid M, Nilsson O. FLOWERING LOCUS T paralogs control the annual growth cycle in Populus trees. Curr Biol 2022; 32:2988-2996.e4. [PMID: 35660141 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2022.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
In temperate and boreal regions, perennials adapt their annual growth cycle to the change of seasons. These adaptations ensure survival in harsh environmental conditions, allowing growth at different latitudes and altitudes, and are therefore tightly regulated. Populus tree species cease growth and form terminal buds in autumn when photoperiod falls below a certain threshold.1 This is followed by establishment of dormancy and cold hardiness over the winter. At the center of the photoperiodic pathway in Populus is the gene FLOWERING LOCUS T2 (FT2), which is expressed during summer and harbors significant SNPs in its locus associated with timing of bud set.1-4 The paralogous gene FT1, on the other hand, is hyper-induced in chilling buds during winter.3,5 Even though its function is so far unknown, it has been suggested to be involved in the regulation of flowering and the release of winter dormancy.3,5 In this study, we employ CRISPR-Cas9-mediated gene editing to individually study the function of the FT-like genes in Populus trees. We show that while FT2 is required for vegetative growth during spring and summer and regulates the entry into dormancy, expression of FT1 is absolutely required for bud flush in spring. Gene expression profiling suggests that this function of FT1 is linked to the release of winter dormancy rather than to the regulation of bud flush per se. These data show how FT duplication and sub-functionalization have allowed Populus trees to regulate two completely different and major developmental control points during the yearly growth cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenique André
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 901 83 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Alice Marcon
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 901 83 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Keh Chien Lee
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 901 83 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Daniela Goretti
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 901 83 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Bo Zhang
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 901 83 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Nicolas Delhomme
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 901 83 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Markus Schmid
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, 907 36 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Ove Nilsson
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 901 83 Umeå, Sweden.
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15
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Nie YM, Han FX, Ma JJ, Chen X, Song YT, Niu SH, Wu HX. Genome-wide TCP transcription factors analysis provides insight into their new functions in seasonal and diurnal growth rhythm in Pinus tabuliformis. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:167. [PMID: 35366809 PMCID: PMC8976390 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03554-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pinus tabuliformis adapts to cold climate with dry winter in northern China, serving as important commercial tree species. The TEOSINTE BRANCHED 1, CYCLOIDEA, and PROLIFERATING CELL FACTOR family(TCP)transcription factors were found to play a role in the circadian clock system in Arabidopsis. However, the role of TCP transcription factors in P. tabuliformis remains little understood. RESULTS In the present study, 43 TCP genes were identified from P. tabuliformis genome database. Based on the phylogeny tree and sequence similarity, the 43 TCP genes were classified into four groups. The motif results showed that different subfamilies indeed contained different motifs. Clade II genes contain motif 1, clade I genes contain motif 1, 8, 10 and clade III and IV contain more motifs, which is consistent with our grouping results. The structural analysis of PtTCP genes showed that most PtTCPs lacked introns. The distribution of clade I and clade II on the chromosome is relatively scattered, while clade III and clade IV is relatively concentrated. Co-expression network indicated that PtTCP2, PtTCP12, PtTCP36, PtTCP37, PtTCP38, PtTCP41 and PtTCP43 were co-expressed with clock genes in annual cycle and their annual cycle expression profiles both showed obvious seasonal oscillations. PtTCP2, PtTCP12, PtTCP37, PtTCP38, PtTCP40, PtTCP41, PtTCP42 and PtTCP43 were co-expressed with clock genes in diurnal cycle. Only the expression of PtTCP42 showed diurnal oscillation. CONCLUSIONS The TCP gene family, especially clade II, may play an important role in the regulation of the season and circadian rhythm of P. tabuliformis. In addition, the low temperature in winter may affect the diurnal oscillations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-meng Nie
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, 100083 Beijing, PR China
| | - Fang-xu Han
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, 100083 Beijing, PR China
| | - Jing-jing Ma
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, 100083 Beijing, PR China
| | - Xi Chen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, 100083 Beijing, PR China
| | - Yi-tong Song
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, 100083 Beijing, PR China
| | - Shi-Hui Niu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, 100083 Beijing, PR China
| | - Harry X. Wu
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Linnaeus väg 6, SE-901 83 Umeå, Sweden
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16
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Xu X, Yuan L, Yang X, Zhang X, Wang L, Xie Q. Circadian clock in plants: Linking timing to fitness. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 64:792-811. [PMID: 35088570 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Endogenous circadian clock integrates cyclic signals of environment and daily and seasonal behaviors of organisms to achieve spatiotemporal synchronization, which greatly improves genetic diversity and fitness of species. This review addresses recent studies on the plant circadian system in the field of chronobiology, covering topics on molecular mechanisms, internal and external Zeitgebers, and hierarchical regulation of physiological outputs. The architecture of the circadian clock involves the autoregulatory transcriptional feedback loops, post-translational modifications of core oscillators, and epigenetic modifications of DNA and histones. Here, light, temperature, humidity, and internal elemental nutrients are summarized to illustrate the sensitivity of the circadian clock to timing cues. In addition, the circadian clock runs cell-autonomously, driving independent circadian rhythms in various tissues. The core oscillators responds to each other with biochemical factors including calcium ions, mineral nutrients, photosynthetic products, and hormones. We describe clock components sequentially expressed during a 24-h day that regulate rhythmic growth, aging, immune response, and resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Notably, more data have suggested the circadian clock links chrono-culture to key agronomic traits in crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Li Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Xin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Qiguang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
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17
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Xu X, Yuan L, Xie Q. The circadian clock ticks in plant stress responses. STRESS BIOLOGY 2022; 2:15. [PMID: 37676516 PMCID: PMC10441891 DOI: 10.1007/s44154-022-00040-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
The circadian clock, a time-keeping mechanism, drives nearly 24-h self-sustaining rhythms at the physiological, cellular, and molecular levels, keeping them synchronized with the cyclic changes of environmental signals. The plant clock is sensitive to external and internal stress signals that act as timing cues to influence the circadian rhythms through input pathways of the circadian clock system. In order to cope with environmental stresses, many core oscillators are involved in defense while maintaining daily growth in various ways. Recent studies have shown that a hierarchical multi-oscillator network orchestrates the defense through rhythmic accumulation of gene transcripts, alternative splicing of mRNA precursors, modification and turnover of proteins, subcellular localization, stimuli-induced phase separation, and long-distance transport of proteins. This review summarizes the essential role of circadian core oscillators in response to stresses in Arabidopsis thaliana and crops, including daily and seasonal abiotic stresses (low or high temperature, drought, high salinity, and nutrition deficiency) and biotic stresses (pathogens and herbivorous insects). By integrating time-keeping mechanisms, circadian rhythms and stress resistance, we provide a temporal perspective for scientists to better understand plant environmental adaptation and breed high-quality crop germplasm for agricultural production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China.
| | - Li Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Qiguang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China.
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18
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André D, Zambrano JA, Zhang B, Lee KC, Rühl M, Marcon A, Nilsson O. Populus SVL Acts in Leaves to Modulate the Timing of Growth Cessation and Bud Set. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:823019. [PMID: 35251092 PMCID: PMC8891642 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.823019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE (SVP) is an important regulator of FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) in the thermosensory pathway of Arabidopsis. It is a negative regulator of flowering and represses FT transcription. In poplar trees, FT2 is central for the photoperiodic control of growth cessation, which also requires the decrease of bioactive gibberellins (GAs). In angiosperm trees, genes similar to SVP, sometimes named DORMANCY-ASSOCIATED MADS-BOX genes, control temperature-mediated bud dormancy. Here we show that SVL, an SVP ortholog in aspen trees, besides its role in controlling dormancy through its expression in buds, is also contributing to the regulation of short day induced growth cessation and bud set through its expression in leaves. SVL is upregulated during short days in leaves and binds to the FT2 promoter to repress its transcription. It furthermore decreases the amount of active GAs, whose downregulation is essential for growth cessation, by repressing the transcription of GA20 oxidase. Finally, the SVL protein is more stable in colder temperatures, thus integrating the temperature signal into the response. We conclude that the molecular function of SVL in the photoperiodic pathway has been conserved between Arabidopsis and poplar trees, albeit the physiological process it controls has changed. SVL is thus both involved in regulating the photoperiod response in leaves, modulating the timing of growth cessation and bud set, and in the subsequent temperature regulation of dormancy in the buds.
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19
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Liu B, Zhao FM, Cao Y, Wang XY, Li Z, Shentu Y, Zhou H, Xia YP. Photoprotection contributes to freezing tolerance as revealed by RNA-seq profiling of rhododendron leaves during cold acclimation and deacclimation over time. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2022; 9:uhab025. [PMID: 35039836 PMCID: PMC8801717 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhab025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cold acclimation (CA) and deacclimation (DA), which are often accompanied by changes in freezing tolerance (FT), carbohydrates and hormones, are crucial for winter survival, especially under global warming. Plants with weak CA and premature DA caused by warm winters and/or unseasonal warm spells can be easily injured by adverse reactions to cold. Thus, understanding the molecular mechanisms of FT is imperative. In this study, we used high-throughput RNA-seq to profile the CA and DA of leaves of overwintering Rhododendron "Miyo-no-Sakae" over time; these leaves do not undergo dormancy but do undergo photoprotection during CA, and they do not grow during DA. Using Mfuzz and weighted gene coexpression network analysis, we identified specific transcriptional characteristics in each phase of CA and DA and proposed networks involving coexpressed genes and physiological traits. In particular, we discovered that the circadian rhythm is critical for obtaining the strongest FT, and high expression of circadian rhythm-related genes might be linked to sugar accumulation during winter. Furthermore, evergreen leaves exhibited robust photoprotection during winter, as revealed by high values of nonphotochemical quenching, high expression of transcripts annotated as "early light-induced proteins", loss of granum stacks and destacking of thylakoids, all of which were alleviated during DA. The strong requirement of photoprotection could be the reason for decreased abscisic acid (ABA) and jasmonic acid (JA) contents during CA, and decreases in ABA and JA contents may contribute to decreases in lignin content. Our data suggest that the molecular mechanisms of FT in overwintering leaves are unique, which may be due to the high requirements for photoprotection during winter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Liu
- Genomics and Genetic Engineering Laboratory of Ornamental Plants, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Fang-Meng Zhao
- Genomics and Genetic Engineering Laboratory of Ornamental Plants, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Yan Cao
- Genomics and Genetic Engineering Laboratory of Ornamental Plants, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Xiu-Yun Wang
- Genomics and Genetic Engineering Laboratory of Ornamental Plants, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Genomics and Genetic Engineering Laboratory of Ornamental Plants, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Yuanyue Shentu
- Genomics and Genetic Engineering Laboratory of Ornamental Plants, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- Genomics and Genetic Engineering Laboratory of Ornamental Plants, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Yi-Ping Xia
- Genomics and Genetic Engineering Laboratory of Ornamental Plants, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Zhejiang 310058, China
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Jurca M, Sjölander J, Ibáñez C, Matrosova A, Johansson M, Kozarewa I, Takata N, Bakó L, Webb AAR, Israelsson-Nordström M, Eriksson ME. ZEITLUPE Promotes ABA-Induced Stomatal Closure in Arabidopsis and Populus. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:829121. [PMID: 35310670 PMCID: PMC8924544 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.829121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Plants balance water availability with gas exchange and photosynthesis by controlling stomatal aperture. This control is regulated in part by the circadian clock, but it remains unclear how signalling pathways of daily rhythms are integrated into stress responses. The serine/threonine protein kinase OPEN STOMATA 1 (OST1) contributes to the regulation of stomatal closure via activation of S-type anion channels. OST1 also mediates gene regulation in response to ABA/drought stress. We show that ZEITLUPE (ZTL), a blue light photoreceptor and clock component, also regulates ABA-induced stomatal closure in Arabidopsis thaliana, establishing a link between clock and ABA-signalling pathways. ZTL sustains expression of OST1 and ABA-signalling genes. Stomatal closure in response to ABA is reduced in ztl mutants, which maintain wider stomatal apertures and show higher rates of gas exchange and water loss than wild-type plants. Detached rosette leaf assays revealed a stronger water loss phenotype in ztl-3, ost1-3 double mutants, indicating that ZTL and OST1 contributed synergistically to the control of stomatal aperture. Experimental studies of Populus sp., revealed that ZTL regulated the circadian clock and stomata, indicating ZTL function was similar in these trees and Arabidopsis. PSEUDO-RESPONSE REGULATOR 5 (PRR5), a known target of ZTL, affects ABA-induced responses, including stomatal regulation. Like ZTL, PRR5 interacted physically with OST1 and contributed to the integration of ABA responses with circadian clock signalling. This suggests a novel mechanism whereby the PRR proteins-which are expressed from dawn to dusk-interact with OST1 to mediate ABA-dependent plant responses to reduce water loss in time of stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Jurca
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Johan Sjölander
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Cristian Ibáñez
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Departamento de Biología Universidad de La Serena, La Serena, Chile
| | - Anastasia Matrosova
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Mikael Johansson
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- RNA Biology and Molecular Physiology, Faculty for Biology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Iwanka Kozarewa
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Naoki Takata
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Forest Bio-Research Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Hitachi, Japan
| | - Laszlo Bakó
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Alex A. R. Webb
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Israelsson-Nordström
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Maria E. Eriksson
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Maria E. Eriksson,
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21
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Fataftah N, Bag P, André D, Lihavainen J, Zhang B, Ingvarsson PK, Nilsson O, Jansson S. GIGANTEA influences leaf senescence in trees in two different ways. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 187:2435-2450. [PMID: 34636903 PMCID: PMC8644469 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
GIGANTEA (GI) genes have a central role in plant development and influence several processes. Hybrid aspen T89 (Populus tremula x tremuloides) trees with low GI expression engineered through RNAi show severely compromised growth. To study the effect of reduced GI expression on leaf traits with special emphasis on leaf senescence, we grafted GI-RNAi scions onto wild-type rootstocks and successfully restored growth of the scions. The RNAi line had a distorted leaf shape and reduced photosynthesis, probably caused by modulation of phloem or stomatal function, increased starch accumulation, a higher carbon-to-nitrogen ratio, and reduced capacity to withstand moderate light stress. GI-RNAi also induced senescence under long day (LD) and moderate light conditions. Furthermore, the GI-RNAi lines were affected in their capacity to respond to "autumn environmental cues" inducing senescence, a type of leaf senescence that has physiological and biochemical characteristics that differ from those of senescence induced directly by stress under LD conditions. Overexpression of GI delayed senescence under simulated autumn conditions. The two different effects on leaf senescence under LD or simulated autumn conditions were not affected by the expression of FLOWERING LOCUS T. GI expression regulated leaf senescence locally-the phenotype followed the genotype of the branch, independent of its position on the tree-and trees with modified gene expression were affected in a similar way when grown in the field as under controlled conditions. Taken together, GI plays a central role in sensing environmental changes during autumn and determining the appropriate timing for leaf senescence in Populus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazeer Fataftah
- Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Pushan Bag
- Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Domenique André
- Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Umeå, Sweden
| | - Jenna Lihavainen
- Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Umeå, Sweden
| | - Pär K Ingvarsson
- Department of Plant Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ove Nilsson
- Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Umeå, Sweden
| | - Stefan Jansson
- Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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22
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Abstract
Using a perennial model plant allows the study of reoccurring seasonal events in a way that is not possible using a fast-growing annual such as A. thaliana (Arabidopsis). In this study, we present a hybrid aspen (Populus tremula × P. tremuloides) as our perennial model plant. These plants can be grown in growth chambers to shorten growth periods and manipulate day length and temperature in ways that would be impossible under natural conditions. In addition, the use of growth chambers allows easy monitoring of height and diameter expansion, accelerating the collection of data from new strategies that allow evaluation of promoters or inhibitors of growth. Here, we describe how to study and quantify responses to seasonal changes (mainly using P. tremula × P. tremuloides) by measuring growth rate and key events under different photoperiodic cycles.
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23
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Cho JS, Kim MH, Bae EK, Choi YI, Jeon HW, Han KH, Ko JH. Field evaluation of transgenic hybrid poplars with desirable wood properties and enhanced growth for biofuel production by bicistronic expression of PdGA20ox1 and PtrMYB3 in wood-forming tissue. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2021; 14:177. [PMID: 34493336 PMCID: PMC8425128 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-021-02029-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To create an ideotype woody bioenergy crop with desirable growth and biomass properties, we utilized the viral 2A-meidated bicistronic expression strategy to express both PtrMYB3 (MYB46 ortholog of Populus trichocarpa, a master regulator of secondary wall biosynthesis) and PdGA20ox1 (a GA20-oxidase from Pinus densiflora that produces gibberellins) in wood-forming tissue (i.e., developing xylem). RESULTS Transgenic Arabidopsis plants expressing the gene construct DX15::PdGA20ox1-2A-PtrMYB3 showed a significant increase in both stem fresh weight (threefold) and secondary wall thickening (1.27-fold) relative to wild-type (WT) plants. Transgenic poplars harboring the same gene construct grown in a greenhouse for 60 days had a stem fresh weight up to 2.6-fold greater than that of WT plants. In a living modified organism (LMO) field test conducted for 3 months of active growing season, the stem height and diameter growth of the transgenic poplars were 1.7- and 1.6-fold higher than those of WT plants, respectively, with minimal adverse growth defects. Although no significant changes in secondary wall thickening of the stem tissue of the transgenic poplars were observed, cellulose content was increased up to 14.4 wt% compared to WT, resulting in improved saccharification efficiency of the transgenic poplars. Moreover, enhanced woody biomass production by the transgenic poplars was further validated by re-planting in the same LMO field for additional two growing seasons. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these results show considerably enhanced wood formation of our transgenic poplars, with improved wood quality for biofuel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Seong Cho
- Department of Plant & Environmental New Resources, Kyung Hee University, 446-701, Yongin, Republic of Korea
- Abio Materials Co., Ltd, Cheonan, 31005, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Ha Kim
- Department of Plant & Environmental New Resources, Kyung Hee University, 446-701, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Kyung Bae
- Division of Forest Biotechnology, National Institute of Forest Science, 441-847, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Im Choi
- Division of Forest Biotechnology, National Institute of Forest Science, 441-847, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Woo Jeon
- Department of Plant & Environmental New Resources, Kyung Hee University, 446-701, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Hwan Han
- Department of Horticulture and Department of Forestry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824-1222, USA.
| | - Jae-Heung Ko
- Department of Plant & Environmental New Resources, Kyung Hee University, 446-701, Yongin, Republic of Korea.
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24
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Yang Q, Gao Y, Wu X, Moriguchi T, Bai S, Teng Y. Bud endodormancy in deciduous fruit trees: advances and prospects. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2021; 8:139. [PMID: 34078882 PMCID: PMC8172858 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-021-00575-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Bud endodormancy is a complex physiological process that is indispensable for the survival, growth, and development of deciduous perennial plants. The timely release of endodormancy is essential for flowering and fruit production of deciduous fruit trees. A better understanding of the mechanism of endodormancy will be of great help in the artificial regulation of endodormancy to cope with climate change and in creating new cultivars with different chilling requirements. Studies in poplar have clarified the mechanism of vegetative bud endodormancy, but the endodormancy of floral buds in fruit trees needs further study. In this review, we focus on the molecular regulation of endodormancy induction, maintenance and release in floral buds of deciduous fruit trees. We also describe recent advances in quantitative trait loci analysis of chilling requirements in fruit trees. We discuss phytohormones, epigenetic regulation, and the detailed molecular network controlling endodormancy, centered on SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE (SVP) and Dormancy-associated MADS-box (DAM) genes during endodormancy maintenance and release. Combining previous studies and our observations, we propose a regulatory model for bud endodormancy and offer some perspectives for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinsong Yang
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
- Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yuhao Gao
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Xinyue Wu
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Takaya Moriguchi
- Shizuoka Professional University of Agriculture, Iwata, Shizuoka, 438-0803, Japan
| | - Songling Bai
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China.
| | - Yuanwen Teng
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
- Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Sanya, Hainan, 572000, China
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25
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Singh RK, Bhalerao RP, Eriksson ME. Growing in time: exploring the molecular mechanisms of tree growth. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 41:657-678. [PMID: 32470114 PMCID: PMC8033248 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpaa065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Trees cover vast areas of the Earth's landmasses. They mitigate erosion, capture carbon dioxide, produce oxygen and support biodiversity, and also are a source of food, raw materials and energy for human populations. Understanding the growth cycles of trees is fundamental for many areas of research. Trees, like most other organisms, have evolved a circadian clock to synchronize their growth and development with the daily and seasonal cycles of the environment. These regular changes in light, daylength and temperature are perceived via a range of dedicated receptors and cause resetting of the circadian clock to local time. This allows anticipation of daily and seasonal fluctuations and enables trees to co-ordinate their metabolism and physiology to ensure vital processes occur at the optimal times. In this review, we explore the current state of knowledge concerning the regulation of growth and seasonal dormancy in trees, using information drawn from model systems such as Populus spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Kumar Singh
- Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Umeå University, Umeå SE-901 87, Sweden
| | - Rishikesh P Bhalerao
- Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå SE-901 82, Sweden
| | - Maria E Eriksson
- Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Umeå University, Umeå SE-901 87, Sweden
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26
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Azeez A, Zhao YC, Singh RK, Yordanov YS, Dash M, Miskolczi P, Stojkovič K, Strauss SH, Bhalerao RP, Busov VB. EARLY BUD-BREAK 1 and EARLY BUD-BREAK 3 control resumption of poplar growth after winter dormancy. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1123. [PMID: 33602938 PMCID: PMC7893051 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21449-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Bud-break is an economically and environmentally important process in trees and shrubs from boreal and temperate latitudes, but its molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, we show that two previously reported transcription factors, EARLY BUD BREAK 1 (EBB1) and SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE-Like (SVL) directly interact to control bud-break. EBB1 is a positive regulator of bud-break, whereas SVL is a negative regulator of bud-break. EBB1 directly and negatively regulates SVL expression. We further report the identification and characterization of the EBB3 gene. EBB3 is a temperature-responsive, epigenetically-regulated, positive regulator of bud-break that provides a direct link to activation of the cell cycle during bud-break. EBB3 is an AP2/ERF transcription factor that positively and directly regulates CYCLIND3.1 gene. Our results reveal the architecture of a putative regulatory module that links temperature-mediated control of bud-break with activation of cell cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Azeez
- College of Forest Resources and Environmental Science, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, USA
| | - Yiru Chen Zhao
- College of Forest Resources and Environmental Science, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, USA
| | - Rajesh Kumar Singh
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Biotechnology, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Yordan S Yordanov
- College of Forest Resources and Environmental Science, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Eastern Illinois University, Charleston, IL, USA
| | - Madhumita Dash
- College of Forest Resources and Environmental Science, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, USA
| | - Pal Miskolczi
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Katja Stojkovič
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Steve H Strauss
- Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Rishikesh P Bhalerao
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Victor B Busov
- College of Forest Resources and Environmental Science, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, USA.
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27
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Djerrab D, Bertrand B, Breitler JC, Léran S, Dechamp E, Campa C, Barrachina C, Conejero G, Etienne H, Sulpice R. Photoperiod-dependent transcriptional modifications in key metabolic pathways in Coffea arabica. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 41:302-316. [PMID: 33080620 PMCID: PMC7874067 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpaa130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Photoperiod length induces in temperate plants major changes in growth rates, morphology and metabolism with, for example, modifications in the partitioning of photosynthates to avoid starvation at the end of long nights. However, this has never been studied for a tropical perennial species adapted to grow in a natural photoperiod close to 12 h/12 h all year long. We grew Coffea arabica L., an understorey perennial evergreen tropical species in its natural 12 h/12 h and in a short 8 h/16 h photoperiod, and we investigated its responses at the physiological, metabolic and transcriptomic levels. The expression pattern of rhythmic genes, including core clock genes, was affected by changes in photoperiod. Overall, we identified 2859 rhythmic genes, of which 89% were also rhythmic in Arabidopsis thaliana L. Under short-days, plant growth was reduced, and leaves were thinner with lower chlorophyll content. In addition, secondary metabolism was also affected with chlorogenic acid and epicatechin levels decreasing, and in agreement, the genes involved in lignin synthesis were overexpressed and those involved in the flavanol pathway were underexpressed. Our results show that the 8 h/16 h photoperiod induces drastic changes in morphology, metabolites and gene expression, and the responses for gene expression are similar to those observed in the temperate annual A. thaliana species. Short photoperiod induces drastic changes in gene expression, metabolites and leaf structure, some of these responses being similar to those observed in A. thaliana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doâa Djerrab
- Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement (CIRAD), UMR IPME, F-34398 Montpellier, France
- UMR IPME, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, IRD, F-34398 Montpellier, France
| | | | - Jean-Christophe Breitler
- Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement (CIRAD), UMR IPME, F-34398 Montpellier, France
- UMR IPME, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, IRD, F-34398 Montpellier, France
| | - Sophie Léran
- Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement (CIRAD), UMR IPME, F-34398 Montpellier, France
- UMR IPME, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, IRD, F-34398 Montpellier, France
| | - Eveline Dechamp
- Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement (CIRAD), UMR IPME, F-34398 Montpellier, France
- UMR IPME, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, IRD, F-34398 Montpellier, France
| | - Claudine Campa
- UMR IPME, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, IRD, F-34398 Montpellier, France
- IRD, UMR IPME, F-34394 Montpellier, France
| | - Célia Barrachina
- MGX, Biocampus Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, University of Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Geneviève Conejero
- BPMP, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | - Hervé Etienne
- Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement (CIRAD), UMR IPME, F-34398 Montpellier, France
- UMR IPME, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, IRD, F-34398 Montpellier, France
| | - Ronan Sulpice
- National University of Ireland, Plant Systems Biology Lab, Ryan Institute, School of Natural Sciences, University Road, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland
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28
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Sobral R, Silva HG, Laranjeira S, Magalhães J, Andrade L, Alhinho AT, Costa MMR. Unisexual flower initiation in the monoecious Quercus suber L.: a molecular approach. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 40:1260-1276. [PMID: 32365206 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpaa061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Several plant species display a temporal separation of the male and female flower organ development to enhance outbreeding; however, little is known regarding the genetic mechanisms controlling this temporal separation. Quercus suber is a monoecious oak tree with accentuated protandry: in late winter, unisexual male flowers emerge adjacent to the swollen buds, whereas unisexual female flowers emerge in the axils of newly formed leaves formed during spring (4-8 weeks after male flowering). Here, a phylogenetic profiling has led to the identification of cork oak homologs of key floral regulatory genes. The role of these cork oak homologs during flower development was identified with functional studies in Arabidopsis thaliana. The expression profile throughout the year of flower regulators (inducers and repressors), in leaves and buds, suggests that the development of male and female flowers may be preceded by separated induction events. Female flowers are most likely induced during the vegetative flush occurring in spring, whereas male flowers may be induced in early summer. Male flowers stay enclosed within the pre-dormant buds, but complete their development before the vegetative flush of the following year, displaying a long period of anthesis that spans the dormant period. Our results portray a genetic mechanism that may explain similar reproductive habits in other monoecious tree species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rómulo Sobral
- Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Plant Functional Biology Centre, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Helena Gomes Silva
- Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Plant Functional Biology Centre, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Sara Laranjeira
- Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Plant Functional Biology Centre, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Joana Magalhães
- Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Plant Functional Biology Centre, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Luís Andrade
- Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Plant Functional Biology Centre, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Ana Teresa Alhinho
- Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Plant Functional Biology Centre, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Maria Manuela Ribeiro Costa
- Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Plant Functional Biology Centre, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
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29
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Castro-Rodríguez V, Ávila C, Cánovas FM. Getting more bark for your buck: nitrogen economy of deciduous forest trees. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:4369-4372. [PMID: 32710786 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This article comments on:
Li G, Lin R, Egekwu C, Blakeslee J, Lin J, Pettengill E, Murphy AS, Peer WA, Islam N, Babst BA, Gao F, Komarov S, Tai Y-C, Coleman GD. 2020. Seasonal nitrogen remobilization and the role of auxin transport in poplar trees. Journal of Experimental Botany 71, 4512–4530.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Castro-Rodríguez
- Grupo de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología de Plantas (BIO-114), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Concepción Ávila
- Grupo de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología de Plantas (BIO-114), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Francisco M Cánovas
- Grupo de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología de Plantas (BIO-114), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
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30
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Estravis-Barcala M, Mattera MG, Soliani C, Bellora N, Opgenoorth L, Heer K, Arana MV. Molecular bases of responses to abiotic stress in trees. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:3765-3779. [PMID: 31768543 PMCID: PMC7316969 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Trees are constantly exposed to climate fluctuations, which vary with both time and geographic location. Environmental changes that are outside of the physiological favorable range usually negatively affect plant performance and trigger responses to abiotic stress. Long-living trees in particular have evolved a wide spectrum of molecular mechanisms to coordinate growth and development under stressful conditions, thus minimizing fitness costs. The ongoing development of techniques directed at quantifying abiotic stress has significantly increased our knowledge of physiological responses in woody plants. However, it is only within recent years that advances in next-generation sequencing and biochemical approaches have enabled us to begin to understand the complexity of the molecular systems that underlie these responses. Here, we review recent progress in our understanding of the molecular bases of drought and temperature stresses in trees, with a focus on functional, transcriptomic, epigenetic, and population genomic studies. In addition, we highlight topics that will contribute to progress in our understanding of the plastic and adaptive responses of woody plants to drought and temperature in a context of global climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximiliano Estravis-Barcala
- Instituto Andino Patagónico de Tecnologías Biológicas y Geoambientales, (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas- Universidad Nacional del Comahue), San Carlos de Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina
| | - María Gabriela Mattera
- Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias Bariloche (Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), San Carlos de Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina
| | - Carolina Soliani
- Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias Bariloche (Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), San Carlos de Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina
| | - Nicolás Bellora
- Instituto Andino Patagónico de Tecnologías Biológicas y Geoambientales, (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas- Universidad Nacional del Comahue), San Carlos de Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina
| | - Lars Opgenoorth
- Department of Ecology, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, BirmensdorfSwitzerland
| | - Katrin Heer
- Department of Conservation Biology, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg Germany
| | - María Verónica Arana
- Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias Bariloche (Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), San Carlos de Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina
- Correspondence:
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Nose M, Kurita M, Tamura M, Matsushita M, Hiraoka Y, Iki T, Hanaoka S, Mishima K, Tsubomura M, Watanabe A. Effects of day length- and temperature-regulated genes on annual transcriptome dynamics in Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica D. Don), a gymnosperm indeterminate species. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0229843. [PMID: 32150571 PMCID: PMC7062269 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Seasonal phenomena in plants are primarily affected by day length and temperature. The shoot transcriptomes of trees grown in the field and a controlled-environment chamber were compared to characterize genes that control annual rhythms and the effects of day length- and temperature-regulated genes in the gymnosperm Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica D. Don), which exhibits seasonally indeterminate growth. Annual transcriptome dynamics were clearly demonstrated by principal component analysis using microarray data obtained under field-grown conditions. Analysis of microarray data from trees grown in a controlled chamber identified 2,314 targets exhibiting significantly different expression patterns under short-day (SD) and long-day conditions, and 2,045 targets exhibited significantly different expression patterns at 15°C (LT; low temperature) versus 25°C. Interestingly, although growth was suppressed under both SD and LT conditions, approximately 80% of the SD- and LT-regulated targets differed, suggesting that each factor plays a unique role in the annual cycle. The top 1,000 up-regulated targets in the growth/dormant period in the field coincided with more than 50% of the SD- and LT-regulated targets, and gene co-expression network analysis of the annual transcriptome indicated a close relationship between the SD- and LT-regulated targets. These results indicate that the respective effects of day length and temperature interact to control annual transcriptome dynamics. Well-known upstream genes of signaling pathways responsive to environmental conditions, such as the core clock (LHY/CjLHYb and CCA1/CjLHYa) and PEBP family (MFT) genes, exhibited unique expression patterns in Japanese cedar compared with previous reports in other species, suggesting that these genes control differences in seasonal regulation mechanisms between species. The results of this study provide new insights into seasonal regulation of transcription in Japanese cedar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mine Nose
- Forest Tree Breeding Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Forest Research and Management Organization, Hitachi, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Manabu Kurita
- Forest Tree Breeding Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Forest Research and Management Organization, Hitachi, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Miho Tamura
- Department of Forest Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Michinari Matsushita
- Forest Tree Breeding Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Forest Research and Management Organization, Hitachi, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Hiraoka
- Forest Tree Breeding Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Forest Research and Management Organization, Hitachi, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Taiichi Iki
- Forest Tree Breeding Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Forest Research and Management Organization, Hitachi, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - So Hanaoka
- Forest Tree Breeding Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Forest Research and Management Organization, Hitachi, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kentaro Mishima
- Forest Tree Breeding Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Forest Research and Management Organization, Hitachi, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Miyoko Tsubomura
- Forest Tree Breeding Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Forest Research and Management Organization, Hitachi, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Atsushi Watanabe
- Forest Tree Breeding Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Forest Research and Management Organization, Hitachi, Ibaraki, Japan
- Department of Forest Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Ding C, Hamann A, Yang RC, Brouard JS. Genetic parameters of growth and adaptive traits in aspen (Populus tremuloides): Implications for tree breeding in a warming world. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0229225. [PMID: 32126110 PMCID: PMC7053761 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx) is a widespread commercial forest tree of high economic importance in western Canada and has been subject to tree improvement efforts over the past two decades. Such improvement programs rely on accurate estimates of the genetic gain in growth traits and correlated response in adaptive traits that are important for forest health. Here, we estimated genetic parameters in 10 progeny trials containing >30,000 trees with pedigree structures based on a partial factorial mating design that includes 60 half-sibs, 100 full-sib families and 1,400 clonally replicated genotypes. Estimated narrow-sense and broad-sense heritabilities were low for height and diameter (~0.2), but moderate for the dates of budbreak and leaf senescence (~0.4). Furthermore, estimated genetic correlations between growth and phenology were moderate to strong with tall trees being associated with early budbreak (r = -0.3) and late leaf senescence (r = -0.7). Survival was not compromised, but was positively associated with early budbreak or late leaf senescence, indicating that utilizing the growing season was more important for survival and growth than avoiding early fall or late spring frosts. These result suggests that populations are adapted to colder climate conditions and lag behind environmental conditions to which they are optimally adapted due to substantial climate warming observed over the last several decades for the study area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Ding
- Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- * E-mail:
| | - Andreas Hamann
- Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Rong-Cai Yang
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jean S. Brouard
- Isabella Point Forestry Ltd., Salt Spring Island, British Columbia, Canada
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Vimont N, Fouché M, Campoy JA, Tong M, Arkoun M, Yvin JC, Wigge PA, Dirlewanger E, Cortijo S, Wenden B. From bud formation to flowering: transcriptomic state defines the cherry developmental phases of sweet cherry bud dormancy. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:974. [PMID: 31830909 PMCID: PMC6909552 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-6348-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bud dormancy is a crucial stage in perennial trees and allows survival over winter to ensure optimal flowering and fruit production. Recent work highlighted physiological and molecular events occurring during bud dormancy in trees. However, they usually examined bud development or bud dormancy in isolation. In this work, we aimed to further explore the global transcriptional changes happening throughout bud development and dormancy onset, progression and release. Results Using next-generation sequencing and modelling, we conducted an in-depth transcriptomic analysis for all stages of flower buds in several sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) cultivars that are characterized for their contrasted dates of dormancy release. We find that buds in organogenesis, paradormancy, endodormancy and ecodormancy stages are defined by the expression of genes involved in specific pathways, and these are conserved between different sweet cherry cultivars. In particular, we found that DORMANCY ASSOCIATED MADS-box (DAM), floral identity and organogenesis genes are up-regulated during the pre-dormancy stages while endodormancy is characterized by a complex array of signalling pathways, including cold response genes, ABA and oxidation-reduction processes. After dormancy release, genes associated with global cell activity, division and differentiation are activated during ecodormancy and growth resumption. We then went a step beyond the global transcriptomic analysis and we developed a model based on the transcriptional profiles of just seven genes to accurately predict the main bud dormancy stages. Conclusions Overall, this study has allowed us to better understand the transcriptional changes occurring throughout the different phases of flower bud development, from bud formation in the summer to flowering in the following spring. Our work sets the stage for the development of fast and cost effective diagnostic tools to molecularly define the dormancy stages. Such integrative approaches will therefore be extremely useful for a better comprehension of complex phenological processes in many species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noémie Vimont
- INRA, UMR1332 BFP, Univ. Bordeaux, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon, Cedex, France.,Agro Innovation International, Centre Mondial d'Innovation, Groupe Roullier, 35400, St Malo, France.,The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1LR, UK
| | - Mathieu Fouché
- INRA, UMR1332 BFP, Univ. Bordeaux, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon, Cedex, France
| | - José Antonio Campoy
- Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Cartagena, Spain.,Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain.,Present address: Department of Plant Developmental Biology, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, 50829, Cologne, Germany
| | - Meixuezi Tong
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1LR, UK
| | - Mustapha Arkoun
- Agro Innovation International, Centre Mondial d'Innovation, Groupe Roullier, 35400, St Malo, France
| | - Jean-Claude Yvin
- Agro Innovation International, Centre Mondial d'Innovation, Groupe Roullier, 35400, St Malo, France
| | - Philip A Wigge
- Leibniz-Institute für Gemüse- und Zierpflanzenbau (IGZ), Plant Adaptation, Grossbeeren, Germany
| | | | - Sandra Cortijo
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1LR, UK.
| | - Bénédicte Wenden
- INRA, UMR1332 BFP, Univ. Bordeaux, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon, Cedex, France.
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Ramos-Sánchez JM, Triozzi PM, Alique D, Geng F, Gao M, Jaeger KE, Wigge PA, Allona I, Perales M. LHY2 Integrates Night-Length Information to Determine Timing of Poplar Photoperiodic Growth. Curr Biol 2019; 29:2402-2406.e4. [PMID: 31257141 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2019.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Day length is a key indicator of seasonal information that determines major patterns of behavior in plants and animals. Photoperiodism has been described in plants for about 100 years, but the underlying molecular mechanisms of day length perception and signal transduction in many systems are not well understood. In trees, photoperiod perception plays a major role in growth cessation during the autumn as well as activating the resumption of shoot growth in the spring, both processes controlled by FLOWERING LOCUS T2 (FT2) expression levels and critical for the survival of perennial plants over winter [1-4]. It has been shown that the conserved role of poplar orthologs to Arabidopsis CONSTANS (CO) directly activates FT2 expression [1, 5]. Overexpression of poplar CO is, however, not sufficient to sustain FT2 expression under short days [5], pointing to the presence of an additional short-day-dependent FT2 repression pathway in poplar. We find that night length information is transmitted via the expression level of a poplar clock gene, LATE ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 2 (LHY2), which controls FT2 expression. Repression of FT2 is a function of the night extension and LHY2 expression level. We show that LHY2 is necessary and sufficient to activate night length repressive signaling. We propose that the photoperiodic control of shoot growth in poplar involves a balance between FT2 activating and repressing pathways. Our results show that poplar relies on night length measurement to determine photoperiodism through interaction between light signaling pathways and the circadian clock.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M Ramos-Sánchez
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP, UPM-INIA), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid 28223, Spain
| | - Paolo M Triozzi
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP, UPM-INIA), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid 28223, Spain
| | - Daniel Alique
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP, UPM-INIA), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid 28223, Spain
| | - Feng Geng
- Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1LR, UK
| | - Mingjun Gao
- Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1LR, UK
| | - Katja E Jaeger
- Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1LR, UK; Leibniz-Institut für Gemüse- und Zierpflanzenbau, Großbeeren 14979, Germany
| | - Philip A Wigge
- Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1LR, UK; Leibniz-Institut für Gemüse- und Zierpflanzenbau, Großbeeren 14979, Germany; Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam 14476, Germany
| | - Isabel Allona
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP, UPM-INIA), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid 28223, Spain; Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Madrid 28040, Spain.
| | - Mariano Perales
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP, UPM-INIA), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid 28223, Spain.
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Brelsford CC, Nybakken L, Kotilainen TK, Robson TM. The influence of spectral composition on spring and autumn phenology in trees. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 39:925-950. [PMID: 30901060 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpz026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Several recent reviews highlight the molecular mechanisms that underpin phenological responses to temperature and photoperiod; however, these have mostly overlooked the influence of solar radiation and its spectral composition on these processes. For instance, solar radiation in the blue and ultraviolet (UV) regions of the spectrum, as well as the red/far-red (R:FR) ratio, can influence spring and autumn phenology. Solar radiation reaching the Earth changes diurnally and seasonally; however, rising global temperatures, latitudinal range shifts and light pollution are likely to produce novel combinations of phenological cues for tree species. Here, we review the literature on phenological responses to spectral composition. Our objective was to explore the natural variation in spectral composition using radiative transfer models and to reveal any species-specific or ecotype-specific responses relating to latitudinal origin. These responses are likely to be most pronounced at high latitudes where spectral composition varies most throughout the year. For instance, trees from high latitudes tend to be more sensitive to changes in R:FR than those from low latitudes. The effects of blue light and UV radiation on phenology have not been studied as much as those of R:FR, but the limited results available suggest both could be candidate cues affecting autumn leaf colouration and senescence. Failure of more-southern species and ecotypes to adapt and use spectral cues during northwards range shifts could result in mistimed phenology, potentially resulting in frost damage, reduced fitness and limited range expansion. Future areas for research should look to establish how consistently different functional types of tree respond to spectral cues and identify photoreceptor-mediated mechanisms that allow plants to combine information from multiple light cues to coordinate the timing of phenological events. It should then be feasible to consider the synchronous or sequential action of light cues within a hierarchy of environmental factors regulating phenology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig C Brelsford
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology, Viikki Plant Science Centre, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Line Nybakken
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Titta K Kotilainen
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology, Viikki Plant Science Centre, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, Turku, Finland
| | - T Matthew Robson
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology, Viikki Plant Science Centre, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Mechanism of Overwintering in Trees. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018. [PMID: 30288708 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-1244-1_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Boreal trees possess very high freezing resistance, which is induced by short-day length and low temperatures, in order to survive severe subzero temperatures in winter. During autumn, cooperation of photoreceptors and circadian clock system perceiving photoperiod shortening results in growth cessation, dormancy development, and first induction of freezing resistance. The freezing resistance is further enhanced by subsequent low temperature during seasonal cold acclimation with concomitant changes in various morphological and physiological features including accumulation of sugars and late embryogenesis abundant proteins. The mechanism of adaptation to freezing temperatures differs depending on the type of tissue in boreal trees. For example, bark, cambium, and leaf cells tolerate freezing-induced dehydration by extracellular freezing, whereas xylem parenchyma cells avoid intracellular freezing by deep supercooling. In addition, dormant buds in some trees respond by extraorgan freezing. Boreal trees have evolved overwintering mechanisms such as dormancy and high freezing resistance in order to survive freezing temperatures in winter.
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Wisniewski M, Nassuth A, Arora R. Cold Hardiness in Trees: A Mini-Review. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1394. [PMID: 30294340 PMCID: PMC6158558 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Significant advances have been made in our understanding of the regulation of cold hardiness. The existence of numerous biophysical and biochemical adaptive mechanisms in perennial woody plants and the complexity their regulation has made the development of methods for managing and improving cold hardiness in perennial woody plants has been very difficult. This may be partially attributed to viewing cold hardiness as a single dimensional response, rather than as a complex phenomenon, involving different mechanisms (avoidance and tolerance), different stages (mid-winter vs. late winter), and having an intimate overlap with the genetic regulation of dormancy. In particular separating the molecular regulation of cold hardiness from growth processes has been challenging. ICE and C-repeat binding factor (CBF), transcription factors (Inducer of CBF expression and CRT-binding factor) have been shown to be an important aspect in the regulation of cold-induced gene expression. Evidence has emerged, however, that they are also intimately involved in the regulation of growth, flowering, dormancy, and stomatal development. This evidence includes the presence of CBF binding motifs in genes regulating these processes, or through cross-talk between the pathways that regulate them. Recent changes in climate that have resulted in erratic episodes of unseasonal warming followed by more seasonal patterns of low temperatures has also highlighted the need to better understand the genetic and molecular regulation of deacclimation, a topic of research that is only more recently being addressed. Environmentally-induced epigenetic regulation of stress responses and seasonal processes such as cold acclimation, deacclimation, and dormancy have been documented but are still poorly understood. Advances in the ability to efficiently generate large DNA and RNA datasets and genetic transformation technologies have greatly increased our ability to explore the regulation of gene expression and explore genetic diversity. Greater knowledge of the interplay between epigenetic and genetic regulation of cold hardiness, along with the application of advanced genetic analyses, such as genome-wide-association-studies (GWAS), are needed to develop strategies for addressing the complex processes associated with cold hardiness in woody plants. A cautionary note is also indicated regarding the time-scale needed to examine and interpret plant response to freezing temperatures if progress is to be made in developing effective approaches for manipulating and improving cold hardiness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Wisniewski
- United States Department of Agriculture – Agricultural Research Service, Kearneysville, WV, United States
| | - Annette Nassuth
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Ontario, ON, Canada
| | - Rajeev Arora
- Department of Horticulture, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
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Adhikari L, Lindstrom OM, Markham J, Missaoui AM. Dissecting Key Adaptation Traits in the Polyploid Perennial Medicago sativa Using GBS-SNP Mapping. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:934. [PMID: 30022989 PMCID: PMC6039623 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Understanding key adaptation traits is crucial to developing new cultivars with broad adaptations. The main objective of this research is to understand the genetic basis of winter hardiness (WH) and fall dormancy (FD) in alfalfa and the association between the two traits. QTL analysis was conducted in a pseudo-testcross F1 population developed from two cultivars contrasting in FD (3010 with FD = 2 and CW 1010 with FD = 10). The mapping population was evaluated in three replications at two locations (Watkinsville and Blairsville, GA). FD levels showed low to moderate correlations with WH (0.22-0.57). Assessing dormancy in winter is more reliable than in the fall in southern regions with warm winters. The mapping population was genotyped using Genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS). Single dose allele SNPs (SDA) were used for constructing linkage maps. The parental map (CW 1010) consisted of 32 linkage groups spanning 2127.5 cM with 1377 markers and an average marker density of 1.5 cM/SNP. The maternal map (3010) had 32 linkage groups spanning 2788.4 cM with 1837 SDA SNPs with an average marker density of 1.5 cM/SNP. Forty-five significant (P < 0.05) QTLs for FD and 35 QTLs for WH were detected on both male and female linkage maps. More than 75% (22/28) of the dormancy QTL detected from the 3010 parent did not share genomic regions with WH QTLs and more than 70% (12/17) dormancy QTLs detected from CW 1010 parent were localized in different genomic regions than WH QTLs. These results suggest that the two traits have independent inheritance and therefore can be improved separately in breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laxman Adhikari
- Crop and Soil Sciences and Institute of Plant Breeding Genetics and Genomics, Center for Applied Genetic Technologies, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | | | - Jonathan Markham
- Crop and Soil Sciences and Institute of Plant Breeding Genetics and Genomics, Center for Applied Genetic Technologies, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Ali M. Missaoui
- Crop and Soil Sciences and Institute of Plant Breeding Genetics and Genomics, Center for Applied Genetic Technologies, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
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Edwards KD, Takata N, Johansson M, Jurca M, Novák O, Hényková E, Liverani S, Kozarewa I, Strnad M, Millar AJ, Ljung K, Eriksson ME. Circadian clock components control daily growth activities by modulating cytokinin levels and cell division-associated gene expression in Populus trees. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2018; 41:1468-1482. [PMID: 29520862 PMCID: PMC6001645 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Trees are carbon dioxide sinks and major producers of terrestrial biomass with distinct seasonal growth patterns. Circadian clocks enable the coordination of physiological and biochemical temporal activities, optimally regulating multiple traits including growth. To dissect the clock's role in growth, we analysed Populus tremula × P. tremuloides trees with impaired clock function due to down-regulation of central clock components. late elongated hypocotyl (lhy-10) trees, in which expression of LHY1 and LHY2 is reduced by RNAi, have a short free-running period and show disrupted temporal regulation of gene expression and reduced growth, producing 30-40% less biomass than wild-type trees. Genes important in growth regulation were expressed with an earlier phase in lhy-10, and CYCLIN D3 expression was misaligned and arrhythmic. Levels of cytokinins were lower in lhy-10 trees, which also showed a change in the time of peak expression of genes associated with cell division and growth. However, auxin levels were not altered in lhy-10 trees, and the size of the lignification zone in the stem showed a relative increase. The reduced growth rate and anatomical features of lhy-10 trees were mainly caused by misregulation of cell division, which may have resulted from impaired clock function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kieron D. Edwards
- School of Biological Sciences, C.H. Waddington BuildingUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghEH9 3BFUK
| | - Naoki Takata
- Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science CentreUmeå University901 87UmeåSweden
| | - Mikael Johansson
- Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science CentreUmeå University901 87UmeåSweden
- RNA Biology and Molecular PhysiologyBielefeld University33615BielefeldGermany
| | - Manuela Jurca
- Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science CentreUmeå University901 87UmeåSweden
| | - Ondřej Novák
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural ResearchInstitute of Experimental Botany ASCR and Palacký University783 71OlomoucCzech Republic
| | - Eva Hényková
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural ResearchInstitute of Experimental Botany ASCR and Palacký University783 71OlomoucCzech Republic
- Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science CentreSwedish University of Agricultural Sciences901 83UmeåSweden
| | - Silvia Liverani
- Department of StatisticsUniversity of WarwickCoventryCV4 7ALUK
| | - Iwanka Kozarewa
- Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science CentreUmeå University901 87UmeåSweden
| | - Miroslav Strnad
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural ResearchInstitute of Experimental Botany ASCR and Palacký University783 71OlomoucCzech Republic
| | - Andrew J. Millar
- School of Biological Sciences, C.H. Waddington BuildingUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghEH9 3BFUK
| | - Karin Ljung
- Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science CentreSwedish University of Agricultural Sciences901 83UmeåSweden
| | - Maria E. Eriksson
- Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science CentreUmeå University901 87UmeåSweden
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Ding J, Böhlenius H, Rühl MG, Chen P, Sane S, Zambrano JA, Zheng B, Eriksson ME, Nilsson O. GIGANTEA-like genes control seasonal growth cessation in Populus. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2018. [PMID: 29532940 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Survival of trees growing in temperate zones requires cycling between active growth and dormancy. This involves growth cessation in the autumn triggered by a photoperiod shorter than the critical day length. Variations in GIGANTEA (GI)-like genes have been associated with phenology in a range of different tree species, but characterization of the functions of these genes in the process is still lacking. We describe the identification of the Populus orthologs of GI and their critical role in short-day-induced growth cessation. Using ectopic expression and silencing, gene expression analysis, protein interaction and chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments, we show that PttGIs are likely to act in a complex with PttFKF1s (FLAVIN-BINDING, KELCH REPEAT, F-BOX 1) and PttCDFs (CYCLING DOF FACTOR) to control the expression of PttFT2, the key gene regulating short-day-induced growth cessation in Populus. In contrast to Arabidopsis, in which the GI-CONSTANS (CO)-FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) regulon is a crucial day-length sensor for flowering time, our study suggests that, in Populus, PttCO-independent regulation of PttFT2 by PttGI is more important in the photoperiodic control of growth cessation and bud set.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihua Ding
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 901 83, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Henrik Böhlenius
- Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 230 53, Alnarp, Sweden
| | - Mark Georg Rühl
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 901 83, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Peng Chen
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, China
| | - Shashank Sane
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 901 83, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Jose A Zambrano
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 901 83, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Bo Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, China
| | - Maria E Eriksson
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Ove Nilsson
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 901 83, Umeå, Sweden
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Zhao K, Zhou Y, Li Y, Zhuo X, Ahmad S, Han Y, Yong X, Zhang Q. Crosstalk of PmCBFs and PmDAMs Based on the Changes of Phytohormones under Seasonal Cold Stress in the Stem of Prunus mume. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19020015. [PMID: 29360732 PMCID: PMC5855539 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19020015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants facing the seasonal variations always need a growth restraining mechanism when temperatures turn down. C-repeat binding factor (CBF) genes work essentially in the cold perception. Despite lots of researches on CBFs, the multiple crosstalk is still interesting on their interaction with hormones and dormancy-associated MADS (DAM) genes in the growth and dormancy control. Therefore, this study highlights roles of PmCBFs in cold-induced dormancy from different orgens. And a sense-response relationship between PmCBFs and PmDAMs is exhibited in this process, jointly regulated by six PmCBFs and PmDAM4-6. Meantime, GA3 and ABA showed negative and positive correlation with PmCBFs expression levels, respectively. We also find a high correlation between IAA and PmDAM1-3. Finally, we display the interaction mode of PmCBFs and PmDAMs, especially PmCBF1-PmDAM1. These results can disclose another view of molecular mechanism in plant growth between cold-response pathway and dormancy regulation together with genes and hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, 100083 Beijing, China.
| | - Yuzhen Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, 100083 Beijing, China.
| | - Yushu Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, 100083 Beijing, China.
| | - Xiaokang Zhuo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, 100083 Beijing, China.
| | - Sagheer Ahmad
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, 100083 Beijing, China.
| | - Yu Han
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, 100083 Beijing, China.
| | - Xue Yong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, 100083 Beijing, China.
| | - Qixiang Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, 100083 Beijing, China.
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, 100083 Beijing, China.
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42
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Michelson IH, Ingvarsson PK, Robinson KM, Edlund E, Eriksson ME, Nilsson O, Jansson S. Autumn senescence in aspen is not triggered by day length. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2018; 162:123-134. [PMID: 28591431 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Revised: 05/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Autumn senescence in mature aspens, grown under natural conditions, is initiated at almost the same date every year. The mechanism of such precise timing is not understood but we have previously shown that the signal must be derived from light. We studied variation in bud set and autumn senescence in a collection of 116 natural Eurasian aspen (Populus tremula) genotypes, from 12 populations in Sweden and planted in one northern and one southern common garden, to test the hypothesis that onset of autumn senescence is triggered by day length. We confirmed that, although bud set seemed to be triggered by a critical photoperiod/day length, other factors may influence it. The data on initiation of autumn senescence, on the other hand, were incompatible with the trigger being the day length per se, hence the trigger must be some other light-dependent factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid H Michelson
- Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Pär K Ingvarsson
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Plant Biology, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kathryn M Robinson
- Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Erik Edlund
- Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Maria E Eriksson
- Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Ove Nilsson
- Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Stefan Jansson
- Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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43
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Triozzi PM, Ramos-Sánchez JM, Hernández-Verdeja T, Moreno-Cortés A, Allona I, Perales M. Photoperiodic Regulation of Shoot Apical Growth in Poplar. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1030. [PMID: 30057588 PMCID: PMC6053638 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Woody perennials adapt their genetic traits to local climate conditions. Day length plays an essential role in the seasonal growth of poplar trees. When photoperiod falls below a given critical day length, poplars undergo growth cessation and bud set. A leaf-localized mechanism of photoperiod measurement triggers the transcriptional modulation of a long distance signaling molecule, FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT). This molecule targets meristem function giving rise to these seasonal responses. Studies over the past decade have identified conserved orthologous genes involved in photoperiodic flowering in Arabidopsis that regulate poplar vegetative growth. However, phenological and molecular examination of key photoperiod signaling molecules reveals functional differences between these two plant model systems suggesting alternative components and/or regulatory mechanisms operating during poplar vegetative growth. Here, we review current knowledge and provide new data regarding the molecular components of the photoperiod measuring mechanism that regulates annual growth in poplar focusing on main achievements and new perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo M. Triozzi
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y AlimentariaMadrid, Spain
| | - José M. Ramos-Sánchez
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y AlimentariaMadrid, Spain
| | - Tamara Hernández-Verdeja
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y AlimentariaMadrid, Spain
| | - Alicia Moreno-Cortés
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y AlimentariaMadrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Allona
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y AlimentariaMadrid, Spain
- Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de MadridMadrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Isabel Allona
| | - Mariano Perales
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y AlimentariaMadrid, Spain
- Mariano Perales
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44
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Maurya JP, Triozzi PM, Bhalerao RP, Perales M. Environmentally Sensitive Molecular Switches Drive Poplar Phenology. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1873. [PMID: 30619428 PMCID: PMC6304729 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Boreal and temperate woody perennials are highly adapted to their local climate, which delimits the length of the growing period. Moreover, seasonal control of growth-dormancy cycles impacts tree productivity and geographical distribution. Therefore, traits related to phenology are of great interest to tree breeders and particularly relevant in the context of global warming. The recent application of transcriptional profiling and genetic association studies to poplar species has provided a robust molecular framework for investigating molecules with potential links to phenology. The environment dictates phenology by modulating the expression of endogenous molecular switches, the identities of which are currently under investigation. This review outlines the current knowledge of these molecular switches in poplar and covers several perspectives concerning the environmental control of growth-dormancy cycles. In the process, we highlight certain genetic pathways which are affected by short days, low temperatures and cold-induced signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay P. Maurya
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Paolo M. Triozzi
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rishikesh P. Bhalerao
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden
- *Correspondence: Rishikesh P. Bhalerao, Mariano Perales,
| | - Mariano Perales
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Rishikesh P. Bhalerao, Mariano Perales,
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45
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Lloret A, Badenes ML, Ríos G. Modulation of Dormancy and Growth Responses in Reproductive Buds of Temperate Trees. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1368. [PMID: 30271422 PMCID: PMC6146825 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
During autumn perennial trees cease growth and form structures called buds in order to protect meristems from the unfavorable environmental conditions, including low temperature and desiccation. In addition to increased tolerance to these abiotic stresses, reproductive buds modulate developmental programs leading to dormancy induction to avoid premature growth resumption, and flowering pathways. Stress tolerance, dormancy, and flowering processes are thus physically and temporarily restricted to a bud, and consequently forced to interact at the regulatory level. We review recent genomic, genetic, and molecular contributions to the knowledge of these three processes in trees, highlighting the role of epigenetic modifications, phytohormones, and common regulatory factors. Finally, we emphasize the utility of transcriptomic approaches for the identification of key structural and regulatory genes involved in bud processes, illustrated with our own experience using peach as a model.
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46
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Zhang J, Li D, Shi X, Zhang D, Qiu S, Wei J, Zhang J, Zhou J, Zhu K, Xia Y. Mining and expression analysis of candidate genes involved in regulating the chilling requirement fulfillment of Paeonia lactiflora 'Hang Baishao'. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2017; 17:262. [PMID: 29273002 PMCID: PMC5741883 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-017-1205-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The artificial enlargement of the planting area and ecological amplitude of ornamentals for horticultural and landscape applications are significant. Herbaceous peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.) is a world-famous ornamental with attractive and fragrant flowers and is mainly planted in temperate and cool areas. Comparatively higher winter temperatures in the subtropical and tropical Northern Hemisphere result in a deficit of chilling accumulation for bud dormancy release, which severely hinders "The southward plantation of herbaceous peony". Studies on the dormancy, chilling requirement (CR) and relevant molecular mechanisms of peony are needed to enhance our ability to extend the range of this valuable horticultural species. RESULTS Based on natural and artificial chilling experiments, and chilling hour (CH) and chilling unit (CU) evaluation systems, the lowest CR of 'Hang Baishao' was between 504.00 and 672.00 CHs and the optimal CR was 672.00 CHs and 856.08 CUs for achieving strong sprouting, growth and flowering performance. Transcriptome sequencing and gene identification by RNA-Seq were performed on 'Hang Baishao' buds during the dormancy and sprouting periods. Six gene libraries were constructed, and 66 temperature- and photoperiod-associated unigenes were identified as the potential candidate genes that may regulate or possibly determine CR characteristics. The difference in the expression patterns of SUPPRESSPOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS1 (SOC1) between the winters of 2012-2013 and 2015-2016, and the difference of CR fulfillment periods also between these two winters represented the interesting congruent relationships. This correlation was also observed for WRKY DNA-BINDING PROTEIN 33 (WRKY 33). CONCLUSIONS Combined with the results acquired from all of experiments, 'Hang Baishao' was confirmed to be a superb peony resource that have significantly low CR characteristics. The two genes of SOC1 and WRKY33 are likely involved in determining the CR amount and fulfillment period of 'Hang Baishao'. HEAT SHOCK PROTEIN, OSMOTIN and TIMING OF CAB EXPRESSION 1 also deserve attention for the CR research. This study could contribute to the knowledge of the deep factors and mechanisms that regulate CR characteristics, and may be beneficial for breeding new germplasms that have low CRs for landscape or horticulture applications in subtropical regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaping Zhang
- Institute of Landscape Architecture, College of Agriculture & Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 China
| | - Danqing Li
- Institute of Landscape Architecture, College of Agriculture & Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 China
| | - Xiaohua Shi
- Research & Development Centre of Flower, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 311202 China
| | - Dong Zhang
- Institute of Landscape Architecture, College of Agriculture & Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 China
| | - Shuai Qiu
- Research & Development Center, Hangzhou Landscaping Incorporated, Hangzhou, 310020 China
| | - Jianfen Wei
- Research & Development Center, Hangzhou Landscaping Incorporated, Hangzhou, 310020 China
| | - Jiao Zhang
- Institute of Landscape Architecture, College of Agriculture & Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 China
| | - Jianghua Zhou
- Research & Development Centre of Flower, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 311202 China
| | - Kaiyuan Zhu
- Research & Development Centre of Flower, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 311202 China
| | - Yiping Xia
- Institute of Landscape Architecture, College of Agriculture & Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 China
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47
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Nanninga C, Buyarski CR, Pretorius AM, Montgomery RA. Increased exposure to chilling advances the time to budburst in North American tree species. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 37:1727-1738. [PMID: 29099953 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpx136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The phenology of trees is highly susceptible to changing global temperatures. Leaf budburst advances with increasing spring temperatures, but can also be delayed when warmer winters reduce chilling exposure. Results from long-term observations show that increasing temperatures have triggered advanced budburst in the past decades, but some studies also show that budburst advance has slowed recently. Here, we conducted an experiment with five temperate deciduous tree species (Acer rubrum L., Larix laricina (Du Rois) K. Koch, Populus tremuloides Michx., Quercus ellipsoidalis E. j. Hill, Betula papyrifera Marsh.) and one invasive species (Rhamnus cathartica L.) in Minnesota, USA, to assess the impact of chilling on the timing of leaf budburst. We collected twigs over two winter seasons (2011/2012 and 2012/2013) on a biweekly basis and exposed them to spring-like temperatures of 21 °C/16 °C day and night, long day photoperiod (16 h). We found a significant relationship of advanced budbreak with increased chilling for all species tested (P < 0.001) and significant differences in the timing to budburst among all species (P < 0.001). Acer rubrum responded strongly to chilling, showing a very steep linear decline in days to budburst with increased exposure to chilling. On the other end of the spectrum, L. laricina responded least to increases in chilling. These results suggest that rising global temperatures will likely have diverse impacts on tree species with potential implications for species interactions such as competition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Nanninga
- Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, 1530 Cleveland Ave N, St Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Chris R Buyarski
- Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, 1530 Cleveland Ave N, St Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Andrew M Pretorius
- Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, 1530 Cleveland Ave N, St Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Rebecca A Montgomery
- Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, 1530 Cleveland Ave N, St Paul, MN 55108, USA
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48
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Missaoui AM, Malinowski DP, Pinchak WE, Kigel J. Insights into the Drought and Heat Avoidance Mechanism in Summer-Dormant Mediterranean Tall Fescue. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1971. [PMID: 29204152 PMCID: PMC5698279 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Summer dormancy is an evolutionary response that some perennial cool-season grasses adopted as an avoidance strategy to escape summer drought and heat. It is correlated with superior survival after severe summer droughts in many perennial grass species originating from Mediterranean environments. Understanding the genetic mechanism and environmental determinants of summer dormancy is important for interpreting the evolutionary history of seasonal dormancy and for the development of genomic tools to improve the efficiency of genetic selection for this important trait. The objectives of this research are to assess morphological and biochemical attributes that seem to be specific for the characterization of summer dormancy in tall fescue, and to validate the hypothesis that genes underlying stem determinacy might be involved in the mechanism of summer dormancy. Our results suggest that vernalization is an important requirement in the onset of summer dormancy in tall fescue. Non-vernalized tall fescue plants do not exhibit summer dormancy as vernalized plants do and behave more like summer-active types. This is manifested by continuation of shoot growth and high root activity in water uptake during summer months. Therefore, summer dormancy in tall fescue should be tested only in plants that underwent vernalization and are not subjected to water deficit during summer months. Total phenolic concentration in tiller bases (antioxidants) does not seem to be related to vernalization. It is most likely an environmental response to protect meristems from oxidative stress. Sequence analysis of the TFL1 homolog CEN gene from tall fescue genotypes belonging to summer-dormant and summer-active tall fescue types showed a unique deletion of three nucleotides specific to the dormant genotypes. Higher tiller bud numbers in dormant plants that were not allowed to flower and complete the reproductive cycle, confirmed that stem determinacy is a major component in the mechanism of summer dormancy. The number of variables identified in these studies as potential players in summer dormancy in tall fescue including vernalization, TFL1/CEN, water status, and protection from oxidative stress are a further confirmation that summer dormancy is a quantitative trait controlled by several genes with varying effects and prone to genotype by environment interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali M. Missaoui
- Institute of Plant Breeding Genetics and Genomics, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | | | | | - Jaime Kigel
- The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
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49
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Conde D, Moreno-Cortés A, Dervinis C, Ramos-Sánchez JM, Kirst M, Perales M, González-Melendi P, Allona I. Overexpression of DEMETER, a DNA demethylase, promotes early apical bud maturation in poplar. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2017; 40:2806-2819. [PMID: 28810288 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The transition from active growth to dormancy is critical for the survival of perennial plants. We identified a DEMETER-like (CsDML) cDNA from a winter-enriched cDNA subtractive library in chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.), an economically and ecologically important species. Next, we characterized this DNA demethylase and its putative ortholog in the more experimentally tractable hybrid poplar (Populus tremula × alba), under the signals that trigger bud dormancy in trees. We performed phylogenetic and protein sequence analysis, gene expression profiling, and 5-methyl-cytosine methylation immunodetection studies to evaluate the role of CsDML and its homolog in poplar, PtaDML6. Transgenic hybrid poplars overexpressing CsDML were produced and analysed. Short days and cold temperatures induced CsDML and PtaDML6. Overexpression of CsDML accelerated short-day-induced bud formation, specifically from Stages 1 to 0. Buds acquired a red-brown coloration earlier than wild-type plants, alongside with the up-regulation of flavonoid biosynthesis enzymes and accumulation of flavonoids in the shoot apical meristem and bud scales. Our data show that the CsDML gene induces bud formation needed for the survival of the apical meristem under the harsh conditions of winter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Conde
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Campus de Montegancedo UPM, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alicia Moreno-Cortés
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Campus de Montegancedo UPM, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223, Madrid, Spain
| | - Christopher Dervinis
- School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - José M Ramos-Sánchez
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Campus de Montegancedo UPM, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223, Madrid, Spain
| | - Matias Kirst
- School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
- University of Florida Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Mariano Perales
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Campus de Montegancedo UPM, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo González-Melendi
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Campus de Montegancedo UPM, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Allona
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Campus de Montegancedo UPM, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), 28040, Madrid, Spain
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Conde D, Le Gac AL, Perales M, Dervinis C, Kirst M, Maury S, González-Melendi P, Allona I. Chilling-responsive DEMETER-LIKE DNA demethylase mediates in poplar bud break. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2017; 40:2236-2249. [PMID: 28707409 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Annual dormancy-growth cycle is a developmental and physiological process essential for the survival of deciduous trees in temperate and boreal forests. Seasonal control of shoot growth in woody perennials requires specific genetic programmes responding to environmental signals. The environmental-controlled mechanisms that regulate the shift between winter dormancy and the growth-promoting genetic programmes are still unknown. Here, we show that dynamics in genomic DNA methylation levels are involved in the regulation of dormancy-growth cycle in poplar. The reactivation of growth in the apical shoot during bud break process in spring is preceded by a progressive reduction of genomic DNA methylation in apex tissue. The induction in apex tissue of a chilling-dependent poplar DEMETER-LIKE 10 (PtaDML10) DNA demethylase precedes shoot growth reactivation. Transgenic poplars showing downregulation of PtaDML8/10 caused delayed bud break. Genome-wide transcriptome and methylome analysis and data mining revealed that the gene targets of DEMETER-LIKE-dependent DNA demethylation are genetically associated with bud break. These data point to a chilling-dependent DEMETER-like DNA demethylase mechanisms being involved in the shift from winter dormancy to a condition that precedes shoot apical vegetative growth in poplar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Conde
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Campus de Montegancedo UPM, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anne-Laure Le Gac
- LBLGC EA1207, USC 1328 INRA, University Orléans, 45067, Orléans, France
| | - Mariano Perales
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Campus de Montegancedo UPM, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223, Madrid, Spain
| | - Christopher Dervinis
- School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Matias Kirst
- School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
- University of Florida Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Stéphane Maury
- LBLGC EA1207, USC 1328 INRA, University Orléans, 45067, Orléans, France
| | - Pablo González-Melendi
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Campus de Montegancedo UPM, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Allona
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Campus de Montegancedo UPM, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), 28040, Madrid, Spain
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