1
|
Deng H, Wang F, Wu Q, Sun H, Ma J, Ni R, Li Z, Zhang L, Zhang J, Liu M. Novel Multiresistant Osmotin-like Protein from Sweetpotato as a Promising Biofungicide to Control Ceratocystis fimbriata by Destroying Spores through Accumulation of Reactive Oxygen Species. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:1487-1499. [PMID: 38215405 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c07663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Osmotin-like proteins (OLPs) play an important role in host-plant defense. In this study, a novel multiresistant OLP (IbOLP1) was screened from sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas) with a molecular weight of 26.3 kDa. The expression level of IbOLP1 was significantly higher in resistant cultivars than susceptible ones after inoculation with Ceratocystis fimbriata, which causes black rot disease in sweetpotato. The expression of IbOLP1 in Pichia pastoris led to the lysis of yeast cells themselves. The recombinant IbOLP1 displayed antifungal, antibacterial, and antinematode activity and stability. IbOLP1 could restrain the mycelial growth and lyse spores of C. fimbriata, distinctly reducing the incidence of black rot in sweetpotato. The IbOLP1 can trigger the apoptosis of black rot spores by elevating the intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species. Collectively, these findings suggest that IbOLP1 can be used to develop natural antimicrobial resources instead of chemical agents and generate new, disease-resistant germplasm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huangyue Deng
- Department of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221116, China
| | - Fangrui Wang
- Department of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221116, China
| | - Qian Wu
- Department of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221116, China
| | - Houjun Sun
- Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Jiangsu, Xuhuai District, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221131, China
| | - Jukui Ma
- Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Jiangsu, Xuhuai District, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221131, China
| | - Rui Ni
- Department of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221116, China
| | - Zongyun Li
- Department of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221116, China
| | - Liming Zhang
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong Province 250100, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221116, China
| | - Meiyan Liu
- Department of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221116, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Li C, Chen L, Fan Q, He P, Wang C, Huang H, Huang R, Tang J, Tadda SA, Qiu D, Qiu Z. Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis to Explore Hub Genes of Resveratrol Biosynthesis in Exocarp and Mesocarp of 'Summer Black' Grape. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:578. [PMID: 36771662 PMCID: PMC9920568 DOI: 10.3390/plants12030578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Resveratrol is a polyphenol compound beneficial to human health, and its main source is grapes. In the present study, the molecular regulation of resveratrol biosynthesis in developing grape berries was investigated using weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). At the same time, the reason for the resveratrol content difference between grape exocarp (skin) and mesocarp (flesh) was explored. Hub genes (CHS, STS, F3'5'H, PAL, HCT) related to resveratrol biosynthesis were screened with Cytoscape software. The expression level of hub genes in the exocarp was significantly higher than that in the mesocarp, and the expressions of the hub genes and the content of resveratrol in exocarp peaked at the maturity stage. While the expression levels of PAL, CHS and STS in the mesocarp, reached the maximum at the maturity stage, and F3'5'H and HCT decreased. These hub genes likely play a key role in resveratrol biosynthesis. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis further indicated that resveratrol biosynthesis was related to flavonoid biosynthesis, phenylalanine metabolism, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and stilbene biosynthesis pathways. This study has theoretical significance for exploring genes related to resveratrol biosynthesis in the exocarp and mesocarp of grapes, and provides a theoretical basis for the subsequent function and regulatory mechanism of hub genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengyue Li
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Lifang Chen
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Quan Fan
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Pengfei He
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Congqiao Wang
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Huaxing Huang
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Ruyan Huang
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jiaqi Tang
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Shehu A. Tadda
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Federal University Dutsin-Ma, Dutsin-Ma 821101, Nigeria
| | - Dongliang Qiu
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Zhipeng Qiu
- Lunong Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd., Xiamen 361100, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Genome-wide comprehensive characterization and expression analysis of TLP gene family revealed its responses to hormonal and abiotic stresses in watermelon (Citrullus lanatus). Gene X 2022; 844:146818. [PMID: 35985412 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Thaumatin-like protein (TLP) is the well-known sweetest protein which plays a crucial role in diverse developmental processes and different stress conditions in plants, fungi and animals. The TLP gene family is extensively studied in different plant species including crop plants. Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) is an important cucurbit crop cultivated worldwide; however, the comprehensive information about the TLP gene family is not available in watermelon. In the present study, we identified the 29 TLP genes as gene family members in watermelon using various computational methods to understand its role in different developmental processes and stress conditions. ClaTLP gene family members were not uniformly distributed on 22 chromosomes. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the ClaTLP gene family members were grouped into 10 sub-groups. Further, gene duplication analysis showed thirteen gene duplication events which included one tandem and twelve segmental duplications. Amino acid sequence alignment has shown that ClaTLP proteins shared 16 conserved cysteine residues in their THN domain. Furthermore, cis-acting regulatory elements analysis also displayed that ClaTLP gene family members contain diverse phytohormone, various defense, and stress-responsive elements in their promoter region. The expression profile of the ClaTLP gene family revealed the differential expression of gene family members in different tissues and abiotic stresses conditions. Moreover, the expression profile of ClaTLP genes was further validated by semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR. Taken together, these results indicate that ClaTLP genes might play an important role in developmental processes and diverse stress conditions. Therefore, the outcome of this study brings forth the valuable information for further interpret the precise role of ClaTLP gene family members in watermelon.
Collapse
|
4
|
Fruit Fly Larval Survival in Picked and Unpicked Tomato Fruit of Differing Ripeness and Associated Gene Expression Patterns. INSECTS 2022; 13:insects13050451. [PMID: 35621786 PMCID: PMC9146954 DOI: 10.3390/insects13050451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The larvae of frugivorous tephritid fruit flies feed within fruit and are global pests of horticulture. With the reduced use of pesticides, alternative control methods are needed, of which fruit resistance is one. In the current study, we explicitly tested for phenotypic evidence of induced fruit defences by running concurrent larval survival experiments with fruit on or off the plant, assuming that defence induction would be stopped or reduced by fruit picking. This was accompanied by RT-qPCR analysis of fruit defence and insect detoxification gene expression. Our fruit treatments were picking status (unpicked vs. picked) and ripening stage (colour break vs. fully ripe), our fruit fly was the polyphagous Bactrocera tryoni, and larval survival was assessed through destructive fruit sampling at 48 and 120 h, respectively. The gene expression study targeted larval and fruit tissue samples collected at 48 h and 120 h from picked and unpicked colour-break fruit. At 120 h in colour-break fruit, larval survival was significantly higher in the picked versus unpicked fruit. The gene expression patterns in larval and plant tissue were not affected by picking status, but many putative plant defence and insect detoxification genes were upregulated across the treatments. The larval survival results strongly infer an induced defence mechanism in colour-break tomato fruit that is stronger/faster in unpicked fruits; however, the gene expression patterns failed to provide the same clear-cut treatment effect. The lack of conformity between these results could be related to expression changes in unsampled candidate genes, or due to critical changes in gene expression that occurred during the unsampled periods.
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang Y, Miao L, Yang X, Jiang G. Genome-wide characterization and expression of the TLP gene family associated with Colletotrichum gloeosporioides inoculation in Fragaria × ananassa. PeerJ 2022; 10:e12979. [PMID: 35356470 PMCID: PMC8958966 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, a soil-borne fungal pathogen, causes significant yield losses in many plants, including cultivated strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa, 2n = 8x = 56). Thaumatin-like proteins (TLPs) are a large and complex family of proteins that play a vital role in plant host defense and other physiological processes. Methods To enhance our understanding of the antifungal activity of F. × ananassa TLPs (FaTLP), we investigated the genome-wide identification of FaTLP gene families and their expression patterns in F. × ananassa plants upon pathogen infection. Moreover, we used RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to detect the differences in the expression patterns of TLP genes between different resistant strawberry cultivars in response to C. gloeosporioides infection. Results In total, 76 TLP genes were identified from the octoploid cultivated strawberry genome with a mean length of 1,439 bp. They were distributed on 24 F. × ananassa chromosomes. The FaTLP family was then divided into ten groups (Group I-X) according to the comparative phylogenetic results. Group VIII contained the highest number of TLP family genes. qRT-PCR analysis results indicated that FaTLP40, FaTLP41, FaTLP43, FaTLP68, and FaTLP75 were upregulated following C. gloeosporioides infection in the resistant octoploid strawberry. Conclusions The data showed some differences in TLP gene expression patterns across different resistant strawberry cultivars, as well as faster TLP defense responses to pathogenic fungi in resistant cultivars. This study will aid in the characterization of TLP gene family members found in octoploid strawberries and their potential biological functions in plants' defenses against pathogenic fungi.
Collapse
|
6
|
He L, Li L, Zhu Y, Pan Y, Zhang X, Han X, Li M, Chen C, Li H, Wang C. BolTLP1, a Thaumatin-like Protein Gene, Confers Tolerance to Salt and Drought Stresses in Broccoli ( Brassica oleracea L. var. Italica). Int J Mol Sci 2021. [PMID: 34681789 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011132/s1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant thaumatin-like proteins (TLPs) play pleiotropic roles in defending against biotic and abiotic stresses. However, the functions of TLPs in broccoli, which is one of the major vegetables among the B. oleracea varieties, remain largely unknown. In the present study, bolTLP1 was identified in broccoli, and displayed remarkably inducible expression patterns by abiotic stress. The ectopic overexpression of bolTLP1 conferred increased tolerance to high salt and drought conditions in Arabidopsis. Similarly, bolTLP1-overexpressing broccoli transgenic lines significantly improved tolerance to salt and drought stresses. These results demonstrated that bolTLP1 positively regulates drought and salt tolerance. Transcriptome data displayed that bolTLP1 may function by regulating phytohormone (ABA, ethylene and auxin)-mediated signaling pathways, hydrolase and oxidoreductase activity, sulfur compound synthesis, and the differential expression of histone variants. Further studies confirmed that RESPONSE TO DESICCATION 2 (RD2), RESPONSIVE TO DEHYDRATION 22 (RD22), VASCULAR PLANT ONE-ZINC FINGER 2 (VOZ2), SM-LIKE 1B (LSM1B) and MALATE DEHYDROGENASE (MDH) physically interacted with bolTLP1, which implied that bolTLP1 could directly interact with these proteins to confer abiotic stress tolerance in broccoli. These findings provide new insights into the function and regulation of bolTLP1, and suggest potential applications for bolTLP1 in breeding broccoli and other crops with increased tolerance to salt and drought stresses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lixia He
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Lihong Li
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yinxia Zhu
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yu Pan
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xiuwen Zhang
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xue Han
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Muzi Li
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Chengbin Chen
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Hui Li
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Chunguo Wang
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300381, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
He L, Li L, Zhu Y, Pan Y, Zhang X, Han X, Li M, Chen C, Li H, Wang C. BolTLP1, a Thaumatin-like Protein Gene, Confers Tolerance to Salt and Drought Stresses in Broccoli ( Brassica oleracea L. var. Italica). Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222011132. [PMID: 34681789 PMCID: PMC8537552 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant thaumatin-like proteins (TLPs) play pleiotropic roles in defending against biotic and abiotic stresses. However, the functions of TLPs in broccoli, which is one of the major vegetables among the B. oleracea varieties, remain largely unknown. In the present study, bolTLP1 was identified in broccoli, and displayed remarkably inducible expression patterns by abiotic stress. The ectopic overexpression of bolTLP1 conferred increased tolerance to high salt and drought conditions in Arabidopsis. Similarly, bolTLP1-overexpressing broccoli transgenic lines significantly improved tolerance to salt and drought stresses. These results demonstrated that bolTLP1 positively regulates drought and salt tolerance. Transcriptome data displayed that bolTLP1 may function by regulating phytohormone (ABA, ethylene and auxin)-mediated signaling pathways, hydrolase and oxidoreductase activity, sulfur compound synthesis, and the differential expression of histone variants. Further studies confirmed that RESPONSE TO DESICCATION 2 (RD2), RESPONSIVE TO DEHYDRATION 22 (RD22), VASCULAR PLANT ONE-ZINC FINGER 2 (VOZ2), SM-LIKE 1B (LSM1B) and MALATE DEHYDROGENASE (MDH) physically interacted with bolTLP1, which implied that bolTLP1 could directly interact with these proteins to confer abiotic stress tolerance in broccoli. These findings provide new insights into the function and regulation of bolTLP1, and suggest potential applications for bolTLP1 in breeding broccoli and other crops with increased tolerance to salt and drought stresses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lixia He
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (L.H.); (L.L.); (Y.Z.); (Y.P.); (X.Z.); (X.H.); (C.C.)
| | - Lihong Li
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (L.H.); (L.L.); (Y.Z.); (Y.P.); (X.Z.); (X.H.); (C.C.)
| | - Yinxia Zhu
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (L.H.); (L.L.); (Y.Z.); (Y.P.); (X.Z.); (X.H.); (C.C.)
| | - Yu Pan
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (L.H.); (L.L.); (Y.Z.); (Y.P.); (X.Z.); (X.H.); (C.C.)
| | - Xiuwen Zhang
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (L.H.); (L.L.); (Y.Z.); (Y.P.); (X.Z.); (X.H.); (C.C.)
| | - Xue Han
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (L.H.); (L.L.); (Y.Z.); (Y.P.); (X.Z.); (X.H.); (C.C.)
| | - Muzi Li
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China;
| | - Chengbin Chen
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (L.H.); (L.L.); (Y.Z.); (Y.P.); (X.Z.); (X.H.); (C.C.)
| | - Hui Li
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China;
- Correspondence: (H.L.); (C.W.)
| | - Chunguo Wang
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (L.H.); (L.L.); (Y.Z.); (Y.P.); (X.Z.); (X.H.); (C.C.)
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300381, China
- Correspondence: (H.L.); (C.W.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sharma A, Sharma H, Rajput R, Pandey A, Upadhyay SK. Molecular Characterization Revealed the Role of Thaumatin-Like Proteins of Bread Wheat in Stress Response. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:807448. [PMID: 35087559 PMCID: PMC8786798 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.807448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Thaumatin-like proteins (TLPs) are related to pathogenesis-related-5 (PR-5) family and involved in stress response. Herein, a total of 93 TLP genes were identified in the genome of Triticum aestivum. Further, we identified 26, 27, 39, and 37 TLP genes in the Brachypodium distachyon, Oryza sativa, Sorghum bicolor, and Zea mays genomes for comparative characterization, respectively. They could be grouped into small and long TLPs with conserved thaumatin signature motif. Tightly clustered genes exhibited conserved gene and protein structure. The physicochemical analyses suggested significant differences between small and long TLPs. Evolutionary analyses suggested the role of duplication events and purifying selection in the expansion of the TLP gene family. Expression analyses revealed the possible roles of TLPs in plant development and abiotic and fungal stress response. Recombinant expression of TaTLP2-B in Saccharomyces cerevisiae provided significant tolerance against cold, heat, osmotic, and salt stresses. The results depicted the importance of TLPs in cereal crops that would be highly useful in future crop improvement programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alok Sharma
- Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Himanshu Sharma
- Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
- Department of Biotechnology, I.K. Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, India
| | - Ruchika Rajput
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashutosh Pandey
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Upadhyay
- Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
- *Correspondence: Santosh Kumar Upadhyay,
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Iqbal I, Tripathi RK, Wilkins O, Singh J. Thaumatin-Like Protein ( TLP) Gene Family in Barley: Genome-Wide Exploration and Expression Analysis during Germination. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:E1080. [PMID: 32947963 PMCID: PMC7564728 DOI: 10.3390/genes11091080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Thaumatin-like Proteins (TLPs) are known to play a vital role in plant defense, developmental processes and seed germination. We identified 19 TLP genes from the reference genome of barley and 37, 28 and 35 TLP genes from rice, Brachypodium and sorghum genomes, respectively. Comparative phylogenetic analysis classified the TLP family into nine groups. Localized gene duplications with diverse exon/intron structures contributed to the expansion of the TLP gene family in cereals. Most of the barley TLPs were localized on chromosome 5H. The spatiotemporal expression pattern of HvTLP genes indicated their predominant expression in the embryo, developing grains, root and shoot tissues. Differential expression of HvTLP14, HvTLP17 and HvTLP18 in the malting variety (Morex) over 16-96 h of grain germination revealed their possible role in malting. This study provides a description of the TLP gene family in barley and their possible involvement in seed germination and the malting process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jaswinder Singh
- Plant Science Department, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Rd., Quebec, QC H9X3V9, Canada; (I.I.); (R.K.T.); (O.W.)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Gutiérrez-Gamboa G, Alañón-Sánchez N, Mateluna-Cuadra R, Verdugo-Vásquez N. An overview about the impacts of agricultural practices on grape nitrogen composition: Current research approaches. Food Res Int 2020; 136:109477. [PMID: 32846560 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Nitrogen is a structural component of proteins, nucleic acids, chlorophyll, hormones and amino acids. The last one and ammonium are important primary metabolites in grapes and are key compounds in winemaking since they are primary sources for yeast fermentation. Currently, grape quality has been affected due to the negative impacts of global warming and anthropogenic activity. Certain studies have reported a significant decrease in the free amino acids content and an increase in berry soluble solids and in proline biosynthesis in grapes in some grapevine varieties cultivated under warm climate conditions and water restriction. Proline is not metabolized by yeasts and stuck and sluggish fermentations can occur when the content of yeast assimilable nitrogen is low. Nitrogen composition of grape is mainly affected by variety, edaphoclimatic conditions of the vineyard and agricultural practices performed to the grapevines. This review summarized the most current research carried out to modify the nitrogen composition of the grape and give an overview of the technical and scientific aspects that should be considered for future research in this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gastón Gutiérrez-Gamboa
- Universidad de Talca, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, 2 Norte 685, Casilla 747, 346000 Talca, Chile.
| | - Noelia Alañón-Sánchez
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (CSIC, Gobierno de La Rioja, Universidad de La Rioja), Carretera de Burgos, Km. 6, 26007 Logroño, Spain
| | - Roberto Mateluna-Cuadra
- Universidad de Talca, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, 2 Norte 685, Casilla 747, 346000 Talca, Chile
| | - Nicolás Verdugo-Vásquez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias INIA, Centro de Investigación Intihuasi, Colina San Joaquín s/n, La Serena, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Sharma A, Tyagi S, Alok A, Singh K, Upadhyay SK. Thaumatin-like protein kinases: Molecular characterization and transcriptional profiling in five cereal crops. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020. [PMID: 31779910 DOI: 10.1101/2020.09.24.311928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Thaumatin-like protein kinases (TLPKs) are defense related proteins having antimicrobial property. Herein, we identified two TLPKs in the genome of Brachypodium distachyon and Oryza sativa, four in Hordeum vulgare and Sorghum bicolor, and 16 in Triticum aestivum. All the TLPKs were located at only one chromosome in each plant except T. aestivum, where they were located on chromosome 2 and chromosome 3. Paralogous analysis suggested the occurrence of one duplication event (DE) in each B. distachyon and O. sativa, two in H. vulgare while four DEs in T. aestivum genome during the evolution of TLPKs. The majority of TLPKs were intron less, while a few contains one or two introns. The introns were found in each 0, 1 and 2 phase. Protein structure analysis suggested the occurrence of a thaumatin and a kinase domain with a transmembrane (TM) helix in each TLPK. Further, a thaumatin family signature motif "GX[GF]XCXT[GA]DCX(1,2)GX(2,3)C", a "REDDD" motif and 16 cysteine residues were found conserved in the majority of TLPKs. Expression analysis indicated variable expression of TLPKs in various tissues of different cereal crops. They were high expressing in reproductive tissues in B. distachyon, while in leaves in T. aestivum. Modulated expression of TaTLPKs in the presence of fungal pathogen, and heat, drought and salt stress in T. aestivum suggested their roles in stress response. Co-expression analysis showed interaction of TLPKs with various development and stress related genes. The results indicated diverse roles of TLPKs, which can be utilized for the development of eco-friendly pest resistant crops in future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alok Sharma
- Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Shivi Tyagi
- Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Anshu Alok
- Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Kashmir Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Grenier J, Potvin C, Asselin A. Some fungi express β-1,3-glucanases similar to thaumatin-like proteins. Mycologia 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00275514.2000.12061228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jean Grenier
- Département de Phytologie, Faculté des sciences de l'agriculture et de l'alimentation, Université Laval, Québec, G1K 7P4 Canada
| | - Claude Potvin
- Département de Phytologie, Faculté des sciences de l'agriculture et de l'alimentation, Université Laval, Québec, G1K 7P4 Canada
| | - Alain Asselin
- Département de Phytologie, Faculté des sciences de l'agriculture et de l'alimentation, Université Laval, Québec, G1K 7P4 Canada
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Carpentieri A, Sebastianelli A, Melchiorre C, Pinto G, Staropoli A, Trifuoggi M, Amoresano A. Mass spectrometry based proteomics for the molecular fingerprinting of Fiano, Greco and Falanghina cultivars. Food Res Int 2019; 120:26-32. [PMID: 31000238 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The official methodologies used for the identification and comparison of vine cultivars are ampelography and ampelometry. These methodologies are essentially based on qualitative assessments or biometric dependent morphological features of the plant. The heterogeneity of cultivars and consequently the increasing demand for a more detailed product typization, led to the introduction of new methodologies for the varietal characterization. In this scenario, proteomics has already proved to be a very useful discipline for the typization of many kinds of edible products. In this paper, we present a proteomic study carried out on three cultivars of Vitis vinifera peculiar of south Italy (Campania) used for white wine production (Fiano, Greco and Falanghina) by advanced biomolecular mass spectrometry approach. Our data highlight variations in the proteomic profiles during ripening for each cultivar and between analyzed cultivars, thus suggesting a new way to outline the biomolecular signature of vines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Carpentieri
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Italy.
| | | | - Chiara Melchiorre
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Italy
| | - Gabriella Pinto
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Italy
| | - Alessia Staropoli
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Italy
| | - Marco Trifuoggi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Italy
| | - Angela Amoresano
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Calonnec A, Jolivet J, Vivin P, Schnee S. Pathogenicity Traits Correlate With the Susceptible Vitis vinifera Leaf Physiology Transition in the Biotroph Fungus Erysiphe necator: An Adaptation to Plant Ontogenic Resistance. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1808. [PMID: 30619392 PMCID: PMC6297386 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
How and when the pathogen cycle is disrupted during plant development is crucial for harnessing ontogenic resistance in sustainable agriculture. Ontogenic resistance against powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator) was quantified on Vitis vinifera. Shoots were sampled in the vineyard at several dates during seasonal growth and processed in the laboratory under controlled conditions. Experiments were conducted on two susceptible Vitis vinifera Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot. The process of leaf ontogenic resistance was investigated by measuring three quantitative traits of pathogenicity: the infection efficiency, sporulation and mycelium growth. Morphological and physiological plant indicators were used to identify leaf changes that resulted in ontogenic resistance and to predict pathogen variations that were linked to pathogenicity traits. The process of ontogenic resistance was established early in correspondence with the physiological transition of the leaf from sink to source status and was characterized by its increase in sugar content. The three traits of pathogenicity that we measured were affected, and their variation was strongly correlated with leaf age. Using leaf age, we were able to accurately predict the susceptibility of the leaf: a leaf aged, on average, 13.3 days had a very high probability (0.8) of being susceptible, while this probability decreased to 0.5 one week later. Sporulation was more closely correlated with variations in sugar and the infection efficiency in leaf water. The results for both cultivars were consistent. Ontogenic resistance on grapevine leaves is thus interpreted to be a strong, immutable physiological process that E. necator is able to circumvent by restricting its development to sink tissue. Future research should explore how this native plant resistance can be incorporated into grape management strategies to better control powdery mildew (PM) epidemics with reduced amounts of fungicides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agnes Calonnec
- UMR1065 SAVE Santé et Agroecologie du Vignoble, INRA, ISVV, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Jerome Jolivet
- UMR1065 SAVE Santé et Agroecologie du Vignoble, INRA, ISVV, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Philippe Vivin
- EGFV, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, INRA, University of Bordeaux, y, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Sylvain Schnee
- UMR1065 SAVE Santé et Agroecologie du Vignoble, INRA, ISVV, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Yasin NA, Akram W, Khan WU, Ahmad SR, Ahmad A, Ali A. Halotolerant plant-growth promoting rhizobacteria modulate gene expression and osmolyte production to improve salinity tolerance and growth in Capsicum annum L. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:23236-23250. [PMID: 29869207 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2381-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Some rhizobacteria have demonstrated a noteworthy role in regulation of plant growth and biomass production under biotic and abiotic stresses. The present study was intended to explicate the ameliorative consequences of halotolerant plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (HPGPR) on growth of capsicum plants subjected to salt stress. Salt stress was ascertained by supplementing 1 and 2 g NaCl kg-1 soil. The HPGPR positively invigorated growth attributes, chlorophyll, protein contents, and water use efficiency (WUE) of supplemented capsicum plants under salinity stress conditions. Bacillus fortis strain SSB21 caused highest significant increase in shoot length, root length, and fresh and dry biomass production of capsicum plants grown under saline conditions. This multi-trait bacterium also increased biosynthesis of proline and up-regulated the expression profiles of stress related genes including CAPIP2, CaKR1, CaOSM1, and CAChi2. On the other hand, B. fortis strain SSB21 inoculated plants exhibited reduced level of ethylene, lipid peroxidation, and reactive oxygen species (ROS). All these together contribute to activate physiological and biochemical processes involved in the mitigation of the salinity induced stress in capsicum plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nasim Ahmad Yasin
- Department of University Gardens, University of the Punjab Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Waheed Akram
- Department of University Gardens, University of the Punjab Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
- College of Plant Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Waheed Ullah Khan
- Department of University Gardens, University of the Punjab Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of the Punjab Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Sajid Rashid Ahmad
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of the Punjab Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Aqeel Ahmad
- Department of University Gardens, University of the Punjab Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
- College of Plant Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Aamir Ali
- Department of Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Carvajal M, Vergara A, Contreras J, Osorio M, Seeger M. Biotransformation of geranylated- and acetylated-phloroglucinols by Gibberella fujikuroi into molecules with increased antifungal activity against Botrytis cinerea. Fungal Biol 2018; 122:752-760. [PMID: 30007426 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Terpenylated phenols possess interesting biological activities. These properties vary mainly according to the type of terpene associated and the degree of oxidation of the molecule. The search for new active molecules for application in different areas of knowledge includes the structural modification of these through ecological methodologies, such as biotransformation. The aims of this study were the biotransformation of geranylated- and acetylated-phloroglucinol by the fungus Gibberella fujikuroi and the evaluation of the antifungal activity of the derivatives. Five major derivatives were identified after biotransformation, highlighting the formation of specific monoacetylated products. In vitro antifungal activity assays against the phytopathogenic fungus Botrytis cinerea indicated that deacetylated derivatives possess higher activity compared to the precursor molecule. In other biotransformation reactions, a relationship between the release of the alkyl chain from the aromatic ring with a decrease of the antifungal activity, was observed. The in vivo tests in infected tomato plants with B. cinerea confirmed the antifungal activity of the derivatives observed in in vitro experiments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Carvajal
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular y Biotecnología Ambiental, Departamento de Química, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Valparaíso, 2390123, Chile; Centro de Biotecnología "DAL", Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Valparaíso, 2390123, Chile.
| | - Alejandra Vergara
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular y Biotecnología Ambiental, Departamento de Química, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Valparaíso, 2390123, Chile; Centro de Biotecnología "DAL", Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Valparaíso, 2390123, Chile
| | - Javier Contreras
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular y Biotecnología Ambiental, Departamento de Química, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Valparaíso, 2390123, Chile
| | - Mauricio Osorio
- Laboratorio de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Química, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Valparaíso, 2390123, Chile
| | - Michael Seeger
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular y Biotecnología Ambiental, Departamento de Química, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Valparaíso, 2390123, Chile; Centro de Biotecnología "DAL", Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Valparaíso, 2390123, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Płażek A, Pociecha E, Augustyniak A, Masajada K, Dziurka M, Majka J, Perlikowski D, Pawłowicz I, Kosmala A. Dissection of resistance to Microdochium nivale in Lolium multiflorum/Festuca arundinacea introgression forms. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2018; 123:43-53. [PMID: 29223067 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2017.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The potential of resistance to Microdochium nivale is still not recognized for numerous plant species. The forage grasses of Lolium-Festuca complex are important for grass-biomass production in the temperate regions. Lolium multiflorum is a grass with a high forage quality and productivity but also a relatively low resistance to M. nivale. On the contrary, F. arundinacea has a higher potential of resistance but simultaneously a significantly lower forage quality. These two species cross with each other and the intergeneric hybrids possess complementary characters of both genera. Herein, for the first time, we perform the research on L. multiflorum/F. arundinacea introgression forms to decipher mechanisms of resistance to M. nivale in that group of plants. Two forms with distinct levels of resistance were used as models in cytogenetic and biochemical studies. The resistant plant was shown to be a tetraploid with 28 L. multiflorum chromosomes, including one with three F. arundinacea introgressions. The susceptible introgression form revealed the unbalanced genomic structure and only 25 chromosomes. Twenty four chromosomes were shown to be L. multiflorum chromosomes, including one chromosome with F. arundinacea segment. One Festuca chromosome with additional two interstitial F. arundinacea segments, was also revealed in the susceptible form. The selected introgression forms differed in the accumulation profiles of total soluble carbohydrates, phytohormones, and phenolics in the leaf and crown tissue under the control and infection conditions. The higher amount of carbohydrates and salicylic acid in the leaves and crowns as well as a lower amount of abscisic acid in both studied organs and jasmonic acid in the crowns, were shown to be crucial for the expression of resistance to M. nivale in the analyzed hybrids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Płażek
- Department of Plant Physiology, University of Agriculture in Cracow, Podłużna 3, 30-239 Cracow, Poland.
| | - Ewa Pociecha
- Department of Plant Physiology, University of Agriculture in Cracow, Podłużna 3, 30-239 Cracow, Poland.
| | - Adam Augustyniak
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Masajada
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Michał Dziurka
- The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Cracow, Poland.
| | - Joanna Majka
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Dawid Perlikowski
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Izabela Pawłowicz
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Arkadiusz Kosmala
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479 Poznań, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kou J, Wei Y, He X, Xu J, Xu F, Shao X. Infection of post-harvest peaches by Monilinia fructicola accelerates sucrose decomposition and stimulates the Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2018; 5:46. [PMID: 30181886 PMCID: PMC6119188 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-018-0046-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
To study the changes in sugar metabolism caused by fungal infection in post-harvest peaches, fruit from two cultivars ('Baifeng' and 'Yulu') was inoculated with Monilinia fructicola and stored at 10 °C. During disease development, soluble sugar content was monitored, as well as the activities and expression of selected enzymes. Disease progression was accompanied by a decrease in sucrose content and increases in reducing sugars and soluble solids, consistent with higher enzyme activities for acid invertase, neutral invertase and sucrose synthase-cleavage, and lower activities for sucrose synthase-synthesis and sucrose phosphate synthase. Activities of phosphofructokinase, hexokinase, and pyruvate kinase, which are related to hexose metabolism, also increased. These changes stimulate the Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas (EMP) pathway. We conclude that the fungal disease in peach fruit accelerates the decomposition of sucrose, thereby providing more glucose as a substrate to the EMP pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Kou
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yingying Wei
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Xingxing He
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jiayu Xu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Xingfeng Shao
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Wang J, Vanga SK, Raghavan V. Effect of pre-harvest and post-harvest conditions on the fruit allergenicity: A review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 59:1027-1043. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2017.1389691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wang
- Department of Bioresource Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec H9 X 3V9, Canada
| | - Sai Kranthi Vanga
- Department of Bioresource Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec H9 X 3V9, Canada
| | - Vijaya Raghavan
- Department of Bioresource Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec H9 X 3V9, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Lecompte F, Nicot PC, Ripoll J, Abro MA, Raimbault AK, Lopez-Lauri F, Bertin N. Reduced susceptibility of tomato stem to the necrotrophic fungus Botrytis cinerea is associated with a specific adjustment of fructose content in the host sugar pool. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2017; 119:931-943. [PMID: 28065923 PMCID: PMC5378192 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcw240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Background and aims Plant soluble sugars, as main components of primary metabolism, are thought to be implicated in defence against pathogenic fungi. However, the function of sucrose and hexoses remains unclear. This study aimed to identify robust patterns in the dynamics of soluble sugars in sink tissues of tomato plants during the course of infection by the necrotrophic fungus Botrytis cinerea . Distinct roles for glucose and fructose in defence against B. cinerea were hypothesized. Methods We examined sugar contents and defence hormonal markers in tomato stem tissues before and after infection by B. cinerea , in a range of abiotic environments created by various nitrogen and water supplies. Key Results Limited nitrogen or water supplies increased tomato stem susceptibility to B. cinerea . Glucose and fructose contents of tissues surrounding infection sites evolved differently after inoculation. The fructose content never decreased after inoculation with B. cinerea , while that of glucose showed either positive or negative variation, depending on the abiotic environment. An increase in the relative fructose content (defined as the proportion of fructose in the soluble sugar pool) was observed in the absence of glucose accumulation and was associated with lower susceptibility. A lower expression of the salicylic acid marker PR1a , and a lower repression of a jasmonate marker COI1 were associated with reduced susceptibility. Accordingly, COI1 expression was positively correlated with the relative fructose contents 7 d after infection. Conclusions Small variations of fructose content among the sugar pool are unlikely to affect intrinsic pathogen growth. Our results highlight distinct use of host glucose and fructose after infection by B. cinerea and suggest strongly that adjustment of the relative fructose content is required for enhanced plant defence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Astrid K. Raimbault
- UMR Qualisud, Université d’Avignon et des Pays du Vaucluse, F-84916 Avignon, France
| | - Félicie Lopez-Lauri
- UMR Qualisud, Université d’Avignon et des Pays du Vaucluse, F-84916 Avignon, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Use of Nondestructive Devices to Support Pre- and Postharvest Fruit Management. HORTICULTURAE 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae3010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
22
|
Wang K, Liao Y, Xiong Q, Kan J, Cao S, Zheng Y. Induction of Direct or Priming Resistance against Botrytis cinerea in Strawberries by β-Aminobutyric Acid and Their Effects on Sucrose Metabolism. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:5855-65. [PMID: 27368357 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b00947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The specific forms of disease resistance induced by β-aminobutyric acid (BABA) and their impacts on sucrose metabolism of postharvest strawberries were determined in the present research. Treatment with 10-500 mmol L(-1) BABA inhibited the Botrytis cinerea infection, possibly directly by suppressing the fungus growth and indirectly by triggering disease resistance. Moreover, BABA-induced resistance against B. cinerea infection in strawberries was associated with either one of two mechanisms, depending upon the concentration used: BABA at concentrations higher than 100 mmol L(-1) directly induced the defense response, including a H2O2 burst, modulation of the expression of PR genes, including FaPR1, FaChi3, Faβglu, and FaPAL, and increased activities of chitinase, β-1,3-glucanase, and PAL, whereas BABA at 10 mmol L(-1) activated a priming response because the BABA-treated fruits exhibited an increased capacity to express molecular defense only when the fruits were inoculated with B. cinerea. Activation of the priming defense appeared almost as effective against B. cinerea as inducing direct defense. However, the primed strawberries maintained higher activities of SS synthesis and SPS and SPP enzymes) and lower level of SS cleavage during the incubation; these activities contributed to higher sucrose, fructose, and glucose contents, sweetness index, and sensory scores compared to fruits exhibiting the direct defense. Thus, it is plausible that the priming defense, which can be activated by BABA at relatively low concentrations, represents an optimal strategy for combining the advantages of enhanced disease protection and soluble sugar accumulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaituo Wang
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University , Chongqing 404000, People's Republic of China
- College of Food Science, Southwest University , Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunxia Liao
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University , Chongqing 404000, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Xiong
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University , Chongqing 404000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianquan Kan
- College of Food Science, Southwest University , Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Shifeng Cao
- Nanjing Research Institute for Agricultural Mechanization, Ministry of Agriculture , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210014, People's Republic of China
| | - Yonghua Zheng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zhong Y, Cheng C, Jiang B, Jiang N, Zhang Y, Hu M, Zhong G. Digital Gene Expression Analysis of Ponkan Mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco) in Response to Asia Citrus Psyllid-Vectored Huanglongbing Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17071063. [PMID: 27384559 PMCID: PMC4964439 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17071063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Revised: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Citrus Huanglongbing (HLB), the most destructive citrus disease, can be transmitted by psyllids and diseased budwoods. Although the final symptoms of the two main HLB transmission ways were similar and hard to distinguish, the host responses might be different. In this study, the global gene changes in leaves of ponkan (Citrus reticulata) mandarin trees following psyllid-transmission of HLB were analyzed at the early symptomatic stage (13 weeks post inoculation, wpi) and late symptomatic stage (26 wpi) using digital gene expression (DGE) profiling. At 13 wpi, 2452 genes were downregulated while only 604 genes were upregulated in HLB infected ponkan leaves but no pathway enrichment was identified. Gene function analysis showed impairment in defense at the early stage of infection. At late stage of 26 wpi, however, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in carbohydrate metabolism, plant defense, hormone signaling, secondary metabolism, transcription regulation were overwhelmingly upregulated, indicating that the defense reactions were eventually activated. The results indicated that HLB bacterial infection significantly influenced ponkan gene expression, and a delayed response of the host to the fast growing bacteria might be responsible for its failure in fighting against the bacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhong
- Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Chunzhen Cheng
- Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Bo Jiang
- Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
- Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Nonghui Jiang
- Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
- Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Yongyan Zhang
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Minlun Hu
- Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
- Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Guangyan Zhong
- Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
- Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Le Fevre R, O'Boyle B, Moscou MJ, Schornack S. Colonization of Barley by the Broad-Host Hemibiotrophic Pathogen Phytophthora palmivora Uncovers a Leaf Development-Dependent Involvement of Mlo. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2016; 29:385-95. [PMID: 26927001 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-12-15-0276-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of barley Mlo demonstrated that filamentous pathogens rely on plant genes to achieve entry and lifecycle completion in barley leaves. While having a dramatic effect on foliar pathogens, it is unclear whether overlapping or distinct mechanisms affect filamentous pathogen infection of roots. To remove the bias connected with using different pathogens to understand colonization mechanisms in different tissues, we have utilized the aggressive hemibiotrophic oomycete pathogen Phytophthora palmivora. P. palmivora colonizes root as well as leaf tissues of barley (Hordeum vulgare). The infection is characterized by a transient biotrophy phase with formation of haustoria. Barley accessions varied in degree of susceptibility, with some accessions fully resistant to leaf infection. Notably, there was no overall correlation between degree of susceptibility in roots compared with leaves, suggesting that variation in different genes influences host susceptibility above and below ground. In addition, a developmental gradient influenced infection, with more extensive colonization observed in mature leaf sectors. The mlo5 mutation attenuates P. palmivora infection but only in young leaf tissues. The barley-P. palmivora interaction represents a simple system to identify and compare genetic components governing quantitative colonization in diverse barley tissue types.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Le Fevre
- 1 Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, U.K.; and
| | - Bridget O'Boyle
- 1 Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, U.K.; and
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Garcia-Seco D, Zhang Y, Gutierrez-Mañero FJ, Martin C, Ramos-Solano B. Application of Pseudomonas fluorescens to Blackberry under Field Conditions Improves Fruit Quality by Modifying Flavonoid Metabolism. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0142639. [PMID: 26559418 PMCID: PMC4641737 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0142639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Application of a plant growth promoting rhizobacterium (PGPR), Pseudomonas fluorescens N21.4, to roots of blackberries (Rubus sp.) is part of an optimised cultivation practice to improve yields and quality of fruit throughout the year in this important fruit crop. Blackberries are especially rich in flavonoids and therefore offer potential benefits for human health in prevention or amelioration of chronic diseases. However, the phenylpropanoid pathway and its regulation during ripening have not been studied in detail, in this species. PGPR may trigger flavonoid biosynthesis as part of an induced systemic response (ISR) given the important role of this pathway in plant defence, to cause increased levels of flavonoids in the fruit. We have identified structural genes encoding enzymes of the phenylpropanoid and flavonoid biosynthetic pathways catalysing the conversion of phenylalanine to the final products including flavonols, anthocyanins and catechins from blackberry, and regulatory genes likely involved in controlling the activity of pathway branches. We have also measured the major flavonols, anthocyanins and catechins at three stages during ripening. Our results demonstrate the coordinated expression of flavonoid biosynthetic genes with the accumulation of anthocyanins, catechins, and flavonols in developing fruits of blackberry. Elicitation of blackberry plants by treatment of roots with P.fluorescens N21.4, caused increased expression of some flavonoid biosynthetic genes and an accompanying increase in the concentration of selected flavonoids in fruits. Our data demonstrate the physiological mechanisms involved in the improvement of fruit quality by PGPR under field conditions, and highlight some of the genetic targets of elicitation by beneficial bacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Garcia-Seco
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad CEU San Pablo, Ctra. Boadilla del Monte km 5.3, Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain
| | - Yang Zhang
- John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | | | - Cathie Martin
- John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Beatriz Ramos-Solano
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad CEU San Pablo, Ctra. Boadilla del Monte km 5.3, Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Kelloniemi J, Trouvelot S, Héloir MC, Simon A, Dalmais B, Frettinger P, Cimerman A, Fermaud M, Roudet J, Baulande S, Bruel C, Choquer M, Couvelard L, Duthieuw M, Ferrarini A, Flors V, Le Pêcheur P, Loisel E, Morgant G, Poussereau N, Pradier JM, Rascle C, Trdá L, Poinssot B, Viaud M. Analysis of the Molecular Dialogue Between Gray Mold (Botrytis cinerea) and Grapevine (Vitis vinifera) Reveals a Clear Shift in Defense Mechanisms During Berry Ripening. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2015; 28:1167-80. [PMID: 26267356 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-02-15-0039-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Mature grapevine berries at the harvesting stage (MB) are very susceptible to the gray mold fungus Botrytis cinerea, while veraison berries (VB) are not. We conducted simultaneous microscopic and transcriptomic analyses of the pathogen and the host to investigate the infection process developed by B. cinerea on MB versus VB, and the plant defense mechanisms deployed to stop the fungus spreading. On the pathogen side, our genome-wide transcriptomic data revealed that B. cinerea genes upregulated during infection of MB are enriched in functional categories related to necrotrophy, such as degradation of the plant cell wall, proteolysis, membrane transport, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and detoxification. Quantitative-polymerase chain reaction on a set of representative genes related to virulence and microscopic observations further demonstrated that the infection is also initiated on VB but is stopped at the penetration stage. On the plant side, genome-wide transcriptomic analysis and metabolic data revealed a defense pathway switch during berry ripening. In response to B. cinerea inoculation, VB activated a burst of ROS, the salicylate-dependent defense pathway, the synthesis of the resveratrol phytoalexin, and cell-wall strengthening. On the contrary, in infected MB, the jasmonate-dependent pathway was activated, which did not stop the fungal necrotrophic process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jani Kelloniemi
- 1 Université de Bourgogne, UMR 1347 Agroécologie, Pôle Interactions Plantes Micro-organismes-ERL CNRS 6300, 17 rue Sully, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Sophie Trouvelot
- 1 Université de Bourgogne, UMR 1347 Agroécologie, Pôle Interactions Plantes Micro-organismes-ERL CNRS 6300, 17 rue Sully, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Marie-Claire Héloir
- 1 Université de Bourgogne, UMR 1347 Agroécologie, Pôle Interactions Plantes Micro-organismes-ERL CNRS 6300, 17 rue Sully, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Adeline Simon
- 2 INRA, UMR 1290 BIOGER, Avenue Lucien Brétignières, 78850 Grignon, France
| | - Bérengère Dalmais
- 2 INRA, UMR 1290 BIOGER, Avenue Lucien Brétignières, 78850 Grignon, France
| | - Patrick Frettinger
- 1 Université de Bourgogne, UMR 1347 Agroécologie, Pôle Interactions Plantes Micro-organismes-ERL CNRS 6300, 17 rue Sully, 21000 Dijon, France
- 3 UMR 5240 MAP, Université Lyon 1-CNRS-Bayer CropScience, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Agnès Cimerman
- 2 INRA, UMR 1290 BIOGER, Avenue Lucien Brétignières, 78850 Grignon, France
| | - Marc Fermaud
- 4 INRA, UMR 1065 Santé et Agroécologie du Vignoble, 33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Jean Roudet
- 4 INRA, UMR 1065 Santé et Agroécologie du Vignoble, 33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | | | - Christophe Bruel
- 3 UMR 5240 MAP, Université Lyon 1-CNRS-Bayer CropScience, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Mathias Choquer
- 3 UMR 5240 MAP, Université Lyon 1-CNRS-Bayer CropScience, Villeurbanne, France
| | | | | | - Alberto Ferrarini
- 6 Università degli Studi di Verona, Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Victor Flors
- 7 University of Jaume I, Plant Physiology Section, CAMN, Castellón, 12071, Spain
| | - Pascal Le Pêcheur
- 2 INRA, UMR 1290 BIOGER, Avenue Lucien Brétignières, 78850 Grignon, France
| | - Elise Loisel
- 4 INRA, UMR 1065 Santé et Agroécologie du Vignoble, 33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Guillaume Morgant
- 2 INRA, UMR 1290 BIOGER, Avenue Lucien Brétignières, 78850 Grignon, France
| | - Nathalie Poussereau
- 3 UMR 5240 MAP, Université Lyon 1-CNRS-Bayer CropScience, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Jean-Marc Pradier
- 2 INRA, UMR 1290 BIOGER, Avenue Lucien Brétignières, 78850 Grignon, France
| | - Christine Rascle
- 3 UMR 5240 MAP, Université Lyon 1-CNRS-Bayer CropScience, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Lucie Trdá
- 1 Université de Bourgogne, UMR 1347 Agroécologie, Pôle Interactions Plantes Micro-organismes-ERL CNRS 6300, 17 rue Sully, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Benoit Poinssot
- 1 Université de Bourgogne, UMR 1347 Agroécologie, Pôle Interactions Plantes Micro-organismes-ERL CNRS 6300, 17 rue Sully, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Muriel Viaud
- 2 INRA, UMR 1290 BIOGER, Avenue Lucien Brétignières, 78850 Grignon, France
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Terrasson E, Darrasse A, Righetti K, Buitink J, Lalanne D, Ly Vu B, Pelletier S, Bolingue W, Jacques MA, Leprince O. Identification of a molecular dialogue between developing seeds of Medicago truncatula and seedborne xanthomonads. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2015; 66:3737-52. [PMID: 25922487 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erv167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Plant pathogenic bacteria disseminate and survive mainly in association with seeds. This study addresses whether seeds are passive carriers or engage a molecular dialogue with pathogens during their development. We developed two pathosystems using Medicago truncatula with Xanthomonas alfalfae subsp. alfalfae (Xaa), the natural Medicago sp. pathogen and Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc), a Brassicaceae pathogen. Three days after flower inoculation, the transcriptome of Xcc-infected pods showed activation of an innate immune response that was strongly limited in Xcc mutated in the type three secretion system, demonstrating an incompatible interaction of Xcc with the reproductive structures. In contrast, the presence of Xaa did not result in an activation of defence genes. Transcriptome profiling during development of infected seeds exhibited time-dependent and differential responses to Xcc and Xaa. Gene network analysis revealed that the transcriptome of Xcc-infected seeds was mainly affected during seed filling whereas that of Xaa-infected seeds responded during late maturation. The Xcc-infected seed transcriptome exhibited an activation of defence response and a repression of targeted seed maturation pathways. Fifty-one percent of putative ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE3 targets were deregulated by Xcc, including oleosin, cupin, legumin and chlorophyll degradation genes. At maturity, these seeds displayed decreased weight and increased chlorophyll content. In contrast, these traits were not affected by Xaa infection. These findings demonstrate the existence of a complex molecular dialogue between xanthomonads and developing seeds and provides insights into a previously unexplored trade-off between seed development and pathogen defence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Terrasson
- Université d'Angers, Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, UMR 1345, SFR 4207 QUASAV, 16 Boulevard Lavoisier, F-49045 Angers, France
| | - Armelle Darrasse
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, UMR 1345, 42 rue Georges Morel, F-49071 Beaucouzé, France
| | - Karima Righetti
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, UMR 1345, 16 Boulevard Lavoisier, F-49045 Angers
| | - Julia Buitink
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, UMR 1345, 16 Boulevard Lavoisier, F-49045 Angers
| | - David Lalanne
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, UMR 1345, 16 Boulevard Lavoisier, F-49045 Angers
| | - Benoit Ly Vu
- Agrocampus Ouest, Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, UMR 1345, 49045 Angers, France
| | - Sandra Pelletier
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, UMR 1345, 16 Boulevard Lavoisier, F-49045 Angers
| | - William Bolingue
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, UMR 1345, 16 Boulevard Lavoisier, F-49045 Angers
| | - Marie-Agnès Jacques
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, UMR 1345, 42 rue Georges Morel, F-49071 Beaucouzé, France
| | - Olivier Leprince
- Agrocampus Ouest, Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, UMR 1345, 49045 Angers, France
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Van Sluyter SC, McRae JM, Falconer RJ, Smith PA, Bacic A, Waters EJ, Marangon M. Wine protein haze: mechanisms of formation and advances in prevention. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:4020-4030. [PMID: 25847216 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b00047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Protein haze is an aesthetic problem in white wines that can be prevented by removing the grape proteins that have survived the winemaking process. The haze-forming proteins are grape pathogenesis-related proteins that are highly stable during winemaking, but some of them precipitate over time and with elevated temperatures. Protein removal is currently achieved by bentonite addition, an inefficient process that can lead to higher costs and quality losses in winemaking. The development of more efficient processes for protein removal and haze prevention requires understanding the mechanisms such as the main drivers of protein instability and the impacts of various wine matrix components on haze formation. This review covers recent developments in wine protein instability and removal and proposes a revised mechanism of protein haze formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steven C Van Sluyter
- †The Australian Wine Research Institute, P.O Box 197, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia
- §School of BioSciences and the Bio21 Molecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
- #Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| | - Jacqui M McRae
- †The Australian Wine Research Institute, P.O Box 197, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia
| | - Robert J Falconer
- ΔDepartment of Chemical and Biological Engineering, ChELSI Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, England
| | - Paul A Smith
- †The Australian Wine Research Institute, P.O Box 197, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia
| | - Antony Bacic
- §School of BioSciences and the Bio21 Molecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Elizabeth J Waters
- †The Australian Wine Research Institute, P.O Box 197, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia
- ⊥Australian Grape and Wine Authority, P.O. Box 2733, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia
| | - Matteo Marangon
- †The Australian Wine Research Institute, P.O Box 197, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia
- ΠPlumpton College, Ditchling Road, Nr Lewes, East Sussex BN7 3AE, England
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Anil Kumar S, Hima Kumari P, Shravan Kumar G, Mohanalatha C, Kavi Kishor PB. Osmotin: a plant sentinel and a possible agonist of mammalian adiponectin. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:163. [PMID: 25852715 PMCID: PMC4360817 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/01/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Osmotin is a stress responsive antifungal protein belonging to the pathogenesis-related (PR)-5 family that confers tolerance to both biotic and abiotic stresses in plants. Protective efforts of osmotin in plants range from high temperature to cold and salt to drought. It lyses the plasma membrane of the pathogens. It is widely distributed in fruits and vegetables. It is a differentially expressed and developmentally regulated protein that protects the cells from osmotic stress and invading pathogens as well, by structural or metabolic alterations. During stress conditions, osmotin helps in the accumulation of the osmolyte proline, which quenches reactive oxygen species and free radicals. Osmotin expression results in the accumulation of storage reserves and increases the shelf-life of fruits. It binds to a seven-transmembrane-domain receptor-like protein and induces programmed cell death in Saccharomyces cerevisiae through RAS2/cAMP signaling pathway. Adiponectin, produced in adipose tissues of mammals, is an insulin-sensitizing hormone. Strangely, osmotin acts like the mammalian hormone adiponectin in various in vitro and in vivo models. Adiponectin and osmotin, the two receptor binding proteins do not share sequence similarity at the amino acid level, but interestingly they have a similar structural and functional properties. In experimental mice, adiponectin inhibits endothelial cell proliferation and migration, primary tumor growth, and reduces atherosclerosis. This retrospective work examines the vital role of osmotin in plant defense and as a potential targeted therapeutic drug for humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S. Anil Kumar
- Department of Genetics, Osmania University, HyderabadIndia
| | - P. Hima Kumari
- Department of Genetics, Osmania University, HyderabadIndia
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Merz PR, Moser T, Höll J, Kortekamp A, Buchholz G, Zyprian E, Bogs J. The transcription factor VvWRKY33 is involved in the regulation of grapevine (Vitis vinifera) defense against the oomycete pathogen Plasmopara viticola. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2015; 153:365-80. [PMID: 25132131 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 06/05/2014] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Grapevine (Vitis vinifera ssp. vinifera) is one of the most important fruit species; however, it is highly susceptible to various pathogens, which can cause severe crop losses in viticulture. It has been shown that several WRKY class transcription factors (TFs) are part of the signal transduction cascade, which leads to the activation of plant defense reactions against various pathogens. In the present investigation, a full-length cDNA was isolated from V. vinifera leaf tissue encoding a predicted protein, designated VvWRKY33, which shows the characteristics of group I WRKY protein family. VvWRKY33 induction correlates with the expression of VvPR10.1 (pathogenesis-related 10.1) gene in the leaves of the resistant cultivar 'Regent' after infection with Plasmopara viticola, whereas in the susceptible cultivar 'Lemberger' VvWRKY33 and VvPR10.1 are not induced. Corresponding expression of the TF and VvPR10.1 was even obtained in uninfected ripening berries. In planta, analysis of VvWRKY33 has been performed by ectopic expression of VvWRKY33 in grapevine leaves of greenhouse plants mediated via Agrobacterium tumefaciens transformation. In consequence, VvWRKY33 strongly increases resistance to P. viticola in the susceptible cultivar 'Shiraz' and reduces pathogen sporulation of about 50-70%, indicating a functional role for resistance in grapevine. Complementation of the resistance-deficient Arabidopsis thaliana Columbia-0 (Col-0) mutant line wrky33-1 by constitutive expression of VvWRKY33 restores resistance against Botrytis cinerea to wild-type level and in some complemented mutant lines even exceeds the resistance level of the parental line Col-0. Our results support the involvement of VvWRKY33 in the defense reaction of grapevine against different pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick R Merz
- Dienstleistungszentrum Laendlicher Raum Rheinpfalz, Studiengang Weinbau und Oenologie, 67435, Neustadt, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Fraige K, González-Fernández R, Carrilho E, Jorrín-Novo JV. Metabolite and proteome changes during the ripening of Syrah and Cabernet Sauvignon grape varieties cultured in a nontraditional wine region in Brazil. J Proteomics 2015; 113:206-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2014.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Revised: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
|
32
|
Saigne-Soulard C, Abdelli-Belhadj A, Télef-Micouleau M, Bouscaut J, Cluzet S, Corio-Costet MF, Mérillon JM. Oligosaccharides from Botrytis cinerea and Elicitation of Grapevine Defense. POLYSACCHARIDES 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-16298-0_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
|
33
|
Rather IA, Awasthi P, Mahajan V, Bedi YS, Vishwakarma RA, Gandhi SG. Molecular cloning and functional characterization of an antifungal PR-5 protein from Ocimum basilicum. Gene 2014; 558:143-51. [PMID: 25550044 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2014.12.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2014] [Revised: 11/28/2014] [Accepted: 12/25/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins are involved in biotic and abiotic stress responses of plants and are grouped into 17 families (PR-1 to PR-17). PR-5 family includes proteins related to thaumatin and osmotin, with several members possessing antimicrobial properties. In this study, a PR-5 gene showing a high degree of homology with osmotin-like protein was isolated from sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.). A complete open reading frame consisting of 675 nucleotides, coding for a precursor protein, was obtained by PCR amplification. Based on sequence comparisons with tobacco osmotin and other osmotin-like proteins (OLPs), this protein was named ObOLP. The predicted mature protein is 225 amino acids in length and contains 16 cysteine residues that may potentially form eight disulfide bonds, a signature common to most PR-5 proteins. Among the various abiotic stress treatments tested, including high salt, mechanical wounding and exogenous phytohormone/elicitor treatments; methyl jasmonate (MeJA) and mechanical wounding significantly induced the expression of ObOLP gene. The coding sequence of ObOLP was cloned and expressed in a bacterial host resulting in a 25kDa recombinant-HIS tagged protein, displaying antifungal activity. The ObOLP protein sequence appears to contain an N-terminal signal peptide with signatures of secretory pathway. Further, our experimental data shows that ObOLP expression is regulated transcriptionally and in silico analysis suggests that it may be post-transcriptionally and post-translationally regulated through microRNAs and post-translational protein modifications, respectively. This study appears to be the first report of isolation and characterization of osmotin-like protein gene from O. basilicum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irshad Ahmad Rather
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR-IIIM), Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Praveen Awasthi
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR-IIIM), Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Vidushi Mahajan
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR-IIIM), Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Yashbir S Bedi
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR-IIIM), Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Ram A Vishwakarma
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR-IIIM), Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Sumit G Gandhi
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR-IIIM), Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Oligosaccharides from Botrytis cinerea and Elicitation of Grapevine Defense. POLYSACCHARIDES 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-03751-6_8-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
|
35
|
Pasquier G, Lapaillerie D, Vilain S, Dupuy JW, Lomenech AM, Claverol S, Gény L, Bonneu M, Teissedre PL, Donèche B. Impact of foliar symptoms of “Esca proper” on proteins related to defense and oxidative stress of grape skins during ripening. Proteomics 2013; 13:108-18. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201200194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2012] [Revised: 09/16/2012] [Accepted: 10/23/2012] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Grégory Pasquier
- Unité de recherche OENOLOGIE; Univ. Bordeaux, ISVV; EA 4577 Villenave d'Ornon France
| | - Delphine Lapaillerie
- Plateforme Protéome, Centre de Génomique Fonctionnelle Bordeaux; Univ. Bordeaux; Bordeaux France
| | - Sébastien Vilain
- Plateforme Protéome, Centre de Génomique Fonctionnelle Bordeaux; Univ. Bordeaux; Bordeaux France
| | - Jean-William Dupuy
- Plateforme Protéome, Centre de Génomique Fonctionnelle Bordeaux; Univ. Bordeaux; Bordeaux France
| | - Anne-Marie Lomenech
- Plateforme Protéome, Centre de Génomique Fonctionnelle Bordeaux; Univ. Bordeaux; Bordeaux France
| | - Stéphane Claverol
- Plateforme Protéome, Centre de Génomique Fonctionnelle Bordeaux; Univ. Bordeaux; Bordeaux France
| | - Laurence Gény
- Unité de recherche OENOLOGIE; Univ. Bordeaux, ISVV; EA 4577 Villenave d'Ornon France
| | - Marc Bonneu
- Plateforme Protéome, Centre de Génomique Fonctionnelle Bordeaux; Univ. Bordeaux; Bordeaux France
| | | | - Bernard Donèche
- Unité de recherche OENOLOGIE; Univ. Bordeaux, ISVV; EA 4577 Villenave d'Ornon France
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Colas S, Afoufa-Bastien D, Jacquens L, Clément C, Baillieul F, Mazeyrat-Gourbeyre F, Monti-Dedieu L. Expression and in situ localization of two major PR proteins of grapevine berries during development and after UV-C exposition. PLoS One 2012; 7:e43681. [PMID: 22937077 PMCID: PMC3427166 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0043681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2012] [Accepted: 07/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In grapevine Vitis vinifera L. cv Pinot noir, the Pathogenesis-Related (PR) proteins CHI4D and TL3 are among the most abundant extractable PR proteins of ripe berries and accumulate during berry ripening from véraison until full maturation. Evidence was supplied in favor of the involvement of these two protein families in plant defense mechanisms and plant development. In order to better understand CHI4D and TL3 function in grapevine, we analyzed their temporal and spatial pattern of expression during maturation and after an abiotic stress (UV-C) by in situ hybridization (ISH) and immunohistolocalization. In ripening berries, CHI4D and TL3 genes were mainly expressed in the exocarp and around vascular bundles of the mesocarp. In UV-C exposed berries, CHI4D and TL3 gene expression was strongly induced before véraison. Corresponding proteins localized in the exocarp and, to a lesser extent, around vascular bundles of the mesocarp. The spatial and temporal accumulation of the two PR proteins during berry maturation and after an abiotic stress is discussed in relation to their putative roles in plant defense.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steven Colas
- Laboratoire de Stress, Défenses et Reproduction des Plantes, Unité de Recherche Vignes et Vins de Champagne - EA 4707, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, BP 1039, Reims, France
| | - Damien Afoufa-Bastien
- Laboratoire de Stress, Défenses et Reproduction des Plantes, Unité de Recherche Vignes et Vins de Champagne - EA 4707, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, BP 1039, Reims, France
| | - Lucile Jacquens
- Laboratoire de Stress, Défenses et Reproduction des Plantes, Unité de Recherche Vignes et Vins de Champagne - EA 4707, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, BP 1039, Reims, France
| | - Christophe Clément
- Laboratoire de Stress, Défenses et Reproduction des Plantes, Unité de Recherche Vignes et Vins de Champagne - EA 4707, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, BP 1039, Reims, France
| | - Fabienne Baillieul
- Laboratoire de Stress, Défenses et Reproduction des Plantes, Unité de Recherche Vignes et Vins de Champagne - EA 4707, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, BP 1039, Reims, France
| | - Florence Mazeyrat-Gourbeyre
- Laboratoire de Stress, Défenses et Reproduction des Plantes, Unité de Recherche Vignes et Vins de Champagne - EA 4707, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, BP 1039, Reims, France
| | - Laurence Monti-Dedieu
- Laboratoire de Stress, Défenses et Reproduction des Plantes, Unité de Recherche Vignes et Vins de Champagne - EA 4707, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, BP 1039, Reims, France
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Lijavetzky D, Carbonell-Bejerano P, Grimplet J, Bravo G, Flores P, Fenoll J, Hellín P, Oliveros JC, Martínez-Zapater JM. Berry flesh and skin ripening features in Vitis vinifera as assessed by transcriptional profiling. PLoS One 2012; 7:e39547. [PMID: 22768087 PMCID: PMC3386993 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0039547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2012] [Accepted: 05/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ripening of fleshy fruit is a complex developmental process involving the differentiation of tissues with separate functions. During grapevine berry ripening important processes contributing to table and wine grape quality take place, some of them flesh- or skin-specific. In this study, transcriptional profiles throughout flesh and skin ripening were followed during two different seasons in a table grape cultivar ‘Muscat Hamburg’ to determine tissue-specific as well as common developmental programs. Methodology/Principal Findings Using an updated GrapeGen Affymetrix GeneChip® annotation based on grapevine 12×v1 gene predictions, 2188 differentially accumulated transcripts between flesh and skin and 2839 transcripts differentially accumulated throughout ripening in the same manner in both tissues were identified. Transcriptional profiles were dominated by changes at the beginning of veraison which affect both pericarp tissues, although frequently delayed or with lower intensity in the skin than in the flesh. Functional enrichment analysis identified the decay on biosynthetic processes, photosynthesis and transport as a major part of the program delayed in the skin. In addition, a higher number of functional categories, including several related to macromolecule transport and phenylpropanoid and lipid biosynthesis, were over-represented in transcripts accumulated to higher levels in the skin. Functional enrichment also indicated auxin, gibberellins and bHLH transcription factors to take part in the regulation of pre-veraison processes in the pericarp, whereas WRKY and C2H2 family transcription factors seems to more specifically participate in the regulation of skin and flesh ripening, respectively. Conclusions/Significance A transcriptomic analysis indicates that a large part of the ripening program is shared by both pericarp tissues despite some components are delayed in the skin. In addition, important tissue differences are present from early stages prior to the ripening onset including tissue-specific regulators. Altogether, these findings provide key elements to understand berry ripening and its differential regulation in flesh and skin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diego Lijavetzky
- Departamento de Genética Molecular de Plantas, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Carbonell-Bejerano
- Departamento de Genética Molecular de Plantas, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (ICVV), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas -Universidad de La Rioja-Gobierno de La Rioja, Logroño, La Rioja, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Jérôme Grimplet
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (ICVV), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas -Universidad de La Rioja-Gobierno de La Rioja, Logroño, La Rioja, Spain
| | - Gema Bravo
- Departamento de Genética Molecular de Plantas, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Flores
- Área de Biotecnología, Estación Sericícola, Instituto Murciano de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario y Alimentario (IMIDA), La Alberca, Murcia, Spain
| | - José Fenoll
- Área de Biotecnología, Estación Sericícola, Instituto Murciano de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario y Alimentario (IMIDA), La Alberca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Pilar Hellín
- Área de Biotecnología, Estación Sericícola, Instituto Murciano de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario y Alimentario (IMIDA), La Alberca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Oliveros
- Departamento de Genética Molecular de Plantas, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - José M. Martínez-Zapater
- Departamento de Genética Molecular de Plantas, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (ICVV), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas -Universidad de La Rioja-Gobierno de La Rioja, Logroño, La Rioja, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Martinelli F, Uratsu SL, Albrecht U, Reagan RL, Phu ML, Britton M, Buffalo V, Fass J, Leicht E, Zhao W, Lin D, D'Souza R, Davis CE, Bowman KD, Dandekar AM. Transcriptome profiling of citrus fruit response to huanglongbing disease. PLoS One 2012; 7:e38039. [PMID: 22675433 PMCID: PMC3364978 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0038039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2010] [Accepted: 04/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Huanglongbing (HLB) or “citrus greening” is the most destructive citrus disease worldwide. In this work, we studied host responses of citrus to infection with Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CaLas) using next-generation sequencing technologies. A deep mRNA profile was obtained from peel of healthy and HLB-affected fruit. It was followed by pathway and protein-protein network analysis and quantitative real time PCR analysis of highly regulated genes. We identified differentially regulated pathways and constructed networks that provide a deep insight into the metabolism of affected fruit. Data mining revealed that HLB enhanced transcription of genes involved in the light reactions of photosynthesis and in ATP synthesis. Activation of protein degradation and misfolding processes were observed at the transcriptomic level. Transcripts for heat shock proteins were down-regulated at all disease stages, resulting in further protein misfolding. HLB strongly affected pathways involved in source-sink communication, including sucrose and starch metabolism and hormone synthesis and signaling. Transcription of several genes involved in the synthesis and signal transduction of cytokinins and gibberellins was repressed while that of genes involved in ethylene pathways was induced. CaLas infection triggered a response via both the salicylic acid and jasmonic acid pathways and increased the transcript abundance of several members of the WRKY family of transcription factors. Findings focused on the fruit provide valuable insight to understanding the mechanisms of the HLB-induced fruit disorder and eventually developing methods based on small molecule applications to mitigate its devastating effects on fruit production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Federico Martinelli
- Plant Sciences Department, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
- Dipartimento di Sistemi Agro-Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Palermo, Italy
| | - Sandra L. Uratsu
- Plant Sciences Department, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Ute Albrecht
- U.S. Horticultural Research Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Fort Pierce, Florida, United States of America
| | - Russell L. Reagan
- Plant Sciences Department, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - My L. Phu
- Plant Sciences Department, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Monica Britton
- Bioinformatics Core, Genome Center, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Vincent Buffalo
- Bioinformatics Core, Genome Center, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Joseph Fass
- Bioinformatics Core, Genome Center, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth Leicht
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
- Center for Computational Science and Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Weixiang Zhao
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Dawei Lin
- Bioinformatics Core, Genome Center, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Raissa D'Souza
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
- Center for Computational Science and Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Cristina E. Davis
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Kim D. Bowman
- U.S. Horticultural Research Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Fort Pierce, Florida, United States of America
| | - Abhaya M. Dandekar
- Plant Sciences Department, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Gorjanović S, Beljanski MV, Gavrović-Jankulović M, Gojgić-Cvijović G, Pavlović MD, Bejosano F. Antimicrobial Activity of Malting Barley Grain Thaumatin-Like Protein Isoforms, S and R. JOURNAL OF THE INSTITUTE OF BREWING 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/j.2050-0416.2007.tb00277.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
40
|
Jiménez E, Dorta F, Medina C, Ramírez A, Ramírez I, Peña-Cortés H. Anti-phytopathogenic activities of macro-algae extracts. Mar Drugs 2011; 9:739-756. [PMID: 21673886 PMCID: PMC3111179 DOI: 10.3390/md9050739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2011] [Revised: 04/07/2011] [Accepted: 04/15/2011] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Aqueous and ethanolic extracts obtained from nine Chilean marine macro-algae collected at different seasons were examined in vitro and in vivo for properties that reduce the growth of plant pathogens or decrease the injury severity of plant foliar tissues following pathogen infection. Particular crude aqueous or organic extracts showed effects on the growth of pathogenic bacteria whereas others displayed important effects against pathogenic fungi or viruses, either by inhibiting fungal mycelia growth or by reducing the disease symptoms in leaves caused by pathogen challenge. Organic extracts obtained from the brown-alga Lessonia trabeculata inhibited bacterial growth and reduced both the number and size of the necrotic lesion in tomato leaves following infection with Botrytis cinerea. Aqueous and ethanolic extracts from the red-alga Gracillaria chilensis prevent the growth of Phytophthora cinnamomi, showing a response which depends on doses and collecting-time. Similarly, aqueous and ethanolic extracts from the brown-alga Durvillaea antarctica were able to diminish the damage caused by tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) in tobacco leaves, and the aqueous procedure is, in addition, more effective and seasonally independent. These results suggest that macro-algae contain compounds with different chemical properties which could be considered for controlling specific plant pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edra Jiménez
- Biotechnology Center “D. Alkalay L.”, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Avda. España 1680, Valparaiso, Chile; E-Mails: (E.J.); (F.D.); (I.R.)
| | - Fernando Dorta
- Biotechnology Center “D. Alkalay L.”, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Avda. España 1680, Valparaiso, Chile; E-Mails: (E.J.); (F.D.); (I.R.)
| | - Cristian Medina
- Fundación Chile, Avda. Parque Antonio Rabat Sur 6165, Vitacura, Santiago, Chile; E-Mails: (C.M.); (A.R.)
| | - Alberto Ramírez
- Fundación Chile, Avda. Parque Antonio Rabat Sur 6165, Vitacura, Santiago, Chile; E-Mails: (C.M.); (A.R.)
| | - Ingrid Ramírez
- Biotechnology Center “D. Alkalay L.”, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Avda. España 1680, Valparaiso, Chile; E-Mails: (E.J.); (F.D.); (I.R.)
| | - Hugo Peña-Cortés
- Biotechnology Center “D. Alkalay L.”, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Avda. España 1680, Valparaiso, Chile; E-Mails: (E.J.); (F.D.); (I.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Martínez-Esteso MJ, Sellés-Marchart S, Lijavetzky D, Pedreño MA, Bru-Martínez R. A DIGE-based quantitative proteomic analysis of grape berry flesh development and ripening reveals key events in sugar and organic acid metabolism. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2011; 62:2521-69. [PMID: 21576399 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erq434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) is an economically important fruit crop. Quality-determining grape components, such as sugars, acids, flavours, anthocyanins, tannins, etc., are accumulated during the different grape berry development stages. Thus, correlating the proteomic profiles with the biochemical and physiological changes occurring in grape is of paramount importance to advance the understanding of the berry development and ripening processes. Here, the developmental analysis of V. vinifera cv. Muscat Hamburg berries is reported at protein level, from fruit set to full ripening. A top-down proteomic approach based on differential in-gel electrophoresis (DIGE) followed by tandem mass spectrometry led to identification and quantification of 156 and 61 differentially expressed proteins in green and ripening phases, respectively. Two key points in development, with respect to changes in protein level, were detected: end of green development and beginning of ripening. The profiles of carbohydrate metabolism enzymes were consistent with a net conversion of sucrose to malate during green development. Pyrophosphate-dependent phosphofructokinase is likely to play a key role to allow an unrestricted carbon flow. The well-known change of imported sucrose fate at the beginning of ripening from accumulation of organic acid (malate) to hexoses (glucose and fructose) was well correlated with a switch in abundance between sucrose synthase and soluble acid invertase. The role of the identified proteins is discussed in relation to their biological function, grape berry development, and to quality traits. Another DIGE experiment comparing fully ripe berries from two vintages showed very few spots changing, thus indicating that protein changes detected throughout development are specific.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria José Martínez-Esteso
- Grupo de Proteómica y Genómica Funcional de Plantas, Dept. Agroquímica y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Alicante, Apartado 99, E-03080 Alicante, Spain
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Le Bourse D, Conreux A, Villaume S, Lameiras P, Nuzillard JM, Jeandet P. Quantification of chitinase and thaumatin-like proteins in grape juices and wines. Anal Bioanal Chem 2011; 401:1541-9. [PMID: 21465097 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-011-4912-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2011] [Revised: 03/10/2011] [Accepted: 03/14/2011] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Chitinases and thaumatin-like proteins are important grape proteins as they have a great influence on wine quality. The quantification of these proteins in grape juices and wines, along with their purification, is therefore crucial to study their intrinsic characteristics and the exact role they play in wines. The main isoforms of these two proteins from Chardonnay grape juice were thus purified by liquid chromatography. Two fast protein liquid chromatography (FLPC) steps allowed the fractionation and purification of the juice proteins, using cation exchange and hydrophobic interaction media. A further high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) step was used to achieve higher purity levels. Fraction assessment was achieved by mass spectrometry. Fraction purity was determined by HPLC to detect the presence of protein contaminants, and by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to detect the presence of organic contaminants. Once pure fractions of lyophilized chitinase and thaumatin-like protein were obtained, ultra-HPLC (UHPLC) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) calibration curves were constructed. The quantification of these proteins in different grape juice and wine samples was thus achieved for the first time with both techniques through comparison with the purified protein calibration curve. UHPLC and ELISA showed very consistent results (less than 16% deviation for both proteins) and either could be considered to provide an accurate and reliable quantification of proteins in the oenology field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Le Bourse
- Laboratoire d'Oenologie et Chimie Appliquée, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, URVVC-SE UPRES EA 2069, BP 1039, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Das M, Chauhan H, Chhibbar A, Rizwanul Haq QM, Khurana P. High-efficiency transformation and selective tolerance against biotic and abiotic stress in mulberry, Morus indica cv. K2, by constitutive and inducible expression of tobacco osmotin. Transgenic Res 2011; 20:231-46. [PMID: 20549349 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-010-9405-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2009] [Accepted: 05/13/2010] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Osmotin and osmotin-like proteins are stress proteins belonging to the plant PR-5 group of proteins induced in several plant species in response to various types of biotic and abiotic stresses. We report here the overexpression of tobacco osmotin in transgenic mulberry plants under the control of a constitutive promoter (CaMV 35S) as well as a stress-inducible rd29A promoter. Southern analysis of the transgenic plants revealed the stable integration of the introduced genes in the transformants. Real-time PCR analysis provided evidence for the expression of osmotin in the transgenic plants under both the constitutive and stress-inducible promoters. Transgenic plants with the stress-inducible promoter were observed to better tolerate salt and drought stress than those with the constitutive promoter. Transgenic plants when subjected to simulated salinity and drought stress conditions showed better cellular membrane stability (CMS) and photosynthetic yield than non-transgenic plants under conditions of both salinity and drought stress. Proline levels were very high in transgenic plants with the constitutive promoter relative to those with the stress-inducible promoter. Fungal challenge undertaken with three fungal species known to cause serious losses to mulberry cultivation, namely, Fusarium pallidoroseum, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Colletotrichum dematium, revealed that transgenic plants with osmotin under control of the constitutive promoter had a better resistance than those with osmotin under the control of the stress-inducible promoter. Evaluation in next generation was undertaken by studying bud break in transgenic and non-transgenic plants under simulated drought (2% polyethylene glycol) and salt stress (200 mM NaCl) conditions. The axillary buds of the selected transgenic lines had a better bud break percentage under stressed conditions than buds from non-transgenic mulberry lines. A biotic assay with Bombyx mori indicated that osmotin protein had no undesirable effect on silkworm rearing and feeding. We therefore conclude that 35S transgenic plants are better suited for both abiotic stress also biotic challenges (fungal), while the rd29A transgenic plants are more responsive to drought.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manaswini Das
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi, South Campus, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Lee OR, Sathiyaraj G, Kim YJ, In JG, Kwon WS, Kim JH, Yang DC. Defense Genes Induced by Pathogens and Abiotic Stresses in Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer. J Ginseng Res 2011. [DOI: 10.5142/jgr.2011.35.1.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
|
45
|
El-kereamy A, El-sharkawy I, Ramamoorthy R, Taheri A, Errampalli D, Kumar P, Jayasankar S. Prunus domestica pathogenesis-related protein-5 activates the defense response pathway and enhances the resistance to fungal infection. PLoS One 2011; 6:e17973. [PMID: 21448276 PMCID: PMC3063165 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0017973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2010] [Accepted: 02/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogenesis-related protein-5 (PR-5) has been implicated in plant disease resistance and its antifungal activity has been demonstrated in some fruit species. However, their roles, especially their interactions with the other defense responses in plant cells, are still not fully understood. In this study, we have cloned and characterized a new PR-5 cDNA named PdPR5-1 from the European plum (Prunus domestica). Expression of PdPR5-1 was studied in different cultivars varying in resistance to the brown rot disease caused by the necrotrophic fungus Monilinia fructicola. In addition transgenic Arabidopsis, ectopically expressing PdPR5-1 was used to study its role in other plant defense responses after fungal infection. We show that the resistant cultivars exhibited much higher levels of transcripts than the susceptible cultivars during fruit ripening. However, significant rise in the transcript levels after infection with M. fructicola was observed in the susceptible cultivars too. Transgenic Arabidopsis plants exhibited more resistance to Alternaria brassicicola. Further, there was a significant increase in the transcripts of genes involved in the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway such as phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and phytoalexin (camalexin) pathway leading to an increase in camalexin content after fungal infection. Our results show that PdPR5-1 gene, in addition to its anti-fungal properties, has a possible role in activating other defense pathways, including phytoalexin production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf El-kereamy
- Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Vineland, Ontario, Canada
| | - Islam El-sharkawy
- Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Vineland, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rengasamy Ramamoorthy
- Department of Biological Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ali Taheri
- Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Deena Errampalli
- Southern Crop Protection and Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Vineland Station, Ontario, Canada
| | - Prakash Kumar
- Department of Biological Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Virk GS, Nagpal A. In vitro selection of calli of Citrus jambhiri Lush. for tolerance to culture filtrate of Phytophthora parasitica and their regeneration. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2011; 17:41-47. [PMID: 23572994 PMCID: PMC3550568 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-010-0046-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The present study deals with the selection of Phytophthora tolerant lines of Citrus jambhiri and their regeneration. Cotyledon derived calli were cultured on selective MS medium supplemented with 5-100 % of culture filtrate (CF), to estimate the critical concentration of the selective agent. The survived calli under stress were subcultured for mass propagation for 20 days on callus multiplication medium (2,4-D 2 mg/L + BA 0.75 mg/L) without culture filtrate. After multiplication, these calli were further exposed to other cycles of selection, which contained the same and the 3 steps higher concentrations of the selective agent (CF) and this procedure was repeated several times until the selection regime completed. The selected tolerant calli were transferred to regeneration medium (MS medium supplemented with 3 mg/L of BA and same concentration of culture filtrate on which the calli were selected). Regenerated shoots were transferred to rooting medium (½ strength MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L of NAA). Under in vivo conditions about 81 % of the selected regenerates exhibited resistance to Phytophthora parasitica, whereas none of the control plants showed resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gurdeep Singh Virk
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005 India
| | - Avinash Nagpal
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005 India
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Ferri M, Righetti L, Tassoni A. Increasing sucrose concentrations promote phenylpropanoid biosynthesis in grapevine cell cultures. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2011; 168:189-95. [PMID: 20810189 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2010.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2010] [Revised: 06/23/2010] [Accepted: 06/23/2010] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Vitis vinifera cell suspensions are a suitable model system to study the metabolic regulation of a large range of high valuable polyphenols that are important in understanding the physiology of the plant and for nutraceutical, pharmaceutical and medical purposes. Increasing sucrose concentrations were found to promote cell growth and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis in grape cell cultures obtained from cv. Barbera immature berries. This led to an intracellular accumulation and/or release into the media of specific polyphenol families (in particular, anthocyanins, catechins and stilbenes). This effect was partially correlated with a sucrose modulation of the transcription of some key biosynthetic enzymes, such as phenylalanine ammonia lyase, chalcone synthase, chalcone-flavanone isomerase and stilbene synthase. Total catechin amounts, both endogenous and released in the media, were increased in proportion to the sugar concentration, as were anthocyanin and stilbene production. Sugar treatment notably improved the endogenous accumulation and release in the culture media of resveratroloside, a resveratrol mono-glycoside, which is the most abundant stilbene found in grape cultures, especially in cv. Barbera. We hypothesize that high sucrose concentrations (exceeding those naturally-occurring in ripe berries) could play a role in plant defense via the induction of secondary metabolites, such as stilbenes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maura Ferri
- Department of Experimental Evolutionary Biology, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 42, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Ali K, Maltese F, Fortes AM, Pais MS, Choi YH, Verpoorte R. Monitoring biochemical changes during grape berry development in Portuguese cultivars by NMR spectroscopy. Food Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
49
|
Ali MB, Howard S, Chen S, Wang Y, Yu O, Kovacs LG, Qiu W. Berry skin development in Norton grape: distinct patterns of transcriptional regulation and flavonoid biosynthesis. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2011; 11:7. [PMID: 21219654 PMCID: PMC3025947 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2229-11-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2010] [Accepted: 01/10/2011] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The complex and dynamic changes during grape berry development have been studied in Vitis vinifera, but little is known about these processes in other Vitis species. The grape variety 'Norton', with a major portion of its genome derived from Vitis aestivalis, maintains high levels of malic acid and phenolic acids in the ripening berries in comparison with V. vinifera varieties such as Cabernet Sauvignon. Furthermore, Norton berries develop a remarkably high level of resistance to most fungal pathogens while Cabernet Sauvignon berries remain susceptible to those pathogens. The distinct characteristics of Norton and Cabernet Sauvignon merit a comprehensive analysis of transcriptional regulation and metabolite pathways. RESULTS A microarray study was conducted on transcriptome changes of Norton berry skin during the period of 37 to 127 days after bloom, which represents berry developmental phases from herbaceous growth to full ripeness. Samples of six berry developmental stages were collected. Analysis of the microarray data revealed that a total of 3,352 probe sets exhibited significant differences at transcript levels, with two-fold changes between at least two developmental stages. Expression profiles of defense-related genes showed a dynamic modulation of nucleotide-binding site-leucine-rich repeat (NBS-LRR) resistance genes and pathogenesis-related (PR) genes during berry development. Transcript levels of PR-1 in Norton berry skin clearly increased during the ripening phase. As in other grapevines, genes of the phenylpropanoid pathway were up-regulated in Norton as the berry developed. The most noticeable was the steady increase of transcript levels of stilbene synthase genes. Transcriptional patterns of six MYB transcription factors and eleven structural genes of the flavonoid pathway and profiles of anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins (PAs) during berry skin development were analyzed comparatively in Norton and Cabernet Sauvignon. Transcriptional patterns of MYB5A and MYB5B were similar during berry development between the two varieties, but those of MYBPA1 and MYBPA2 were strikingly different, demonstrating that the general flavonoid pathways are regulated under different MYB factors. The data showed that there were higher transcript levels of the genes encoding flavonoid-3'-O-hydroxylase (F3'H), flavonoid-3',5'-hydroxylase (F3'5'H), leucoanthocyanidin dioxygenase (LDOX), UDP-glucose:flavonoid 3'-O-glucosyltransferase (UFGT), anthocyanidin reductase (ANR), leucoanthocyanidin reductase (LAR) 1 and LAR2 in berry skin of Norton than in those of Cabernet Sauvignon. It was also found that the total amount of anthocyanins was markedly higher in Norton than in Cabernet Sauvignon berry skin at harvest, and five anthocyanin derivatives and three PA compounds exhibited distinctive accumulation patterns in Norton berry skin. CONCLUSIONS This study provides an overview of the transcriptome changes and the flavonoid profiles in the berry skin of Norton, an important North American wine grape, during berry development. The steady increase of transcripts of PR-1 and stilbene synthase genes likely contributes to the developmentally regulated resistance during ripening of Norton berries. More studies are required to address the precise role of each stilbene synthase gene in berry development and disease resistance. Transcriptional regulation of MYBA1, MYBA2, MYB5A and MYBPA1 as well as expression levels of their putative targets F3'H, F3'5'H, LDOX, UFGT, ANR, LAR1, and LAR2 are highly correlated with the characteristic anthocyanin and PA profiles in Norton berry skin. These results reveal a unique pattern of the regulation of transcription and biosynthesis pathways underlying the viticultural and enological characteristics of Norton grape, and yield new insights into the understanding of the flavonoid pathway in non-vinifera grape varieties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad B Ali
- Center for Grapevine Biotechnology, William H. Darr School of Agriculture, Missouri State University, Mountain Grove, MO 65711, USA
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA
| | - Susanne Howard
- Center for Grapevine Biotechnology, William H. Darr School of Agriculture, Missouri State University, Mountain Grove, MO 65711, USA
| | - Shangwu Chen
- College of Food Sciences and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Yechun Wang
- The Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, MO 63132, USA
| | - Oliver Yu
- The Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, MO 63132, USA
| | - Laszlo G Kovacs
- Center for Grapevine Biotechnology, William H. Darr School of Agriculture, Missouri State University, Mountain Grove, MO 65711, USA
| | - Wenping Qiu
- Center for Grapevine Biotechnology, William H. Darr School of Agriculture, Missouri State University, Mountain Grove, MO 65711, USA
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Bertrand A, Castonguay Y, Azaiez A, Hsiang T, Dionne J. Cold-induced responses in annual bluegrass genotypes with differential resistance to pink snow mold (Microdochium nivale). PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2011; 180:111-119. [PMID: 21421353 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2010.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2010] [Revised: 07/30/2010] [Accepted: 08/17/2010] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Greens-type annual bluegrass (Poa annua L.) is susceptible to winter stresses including subfreezing temperatures and pink snow mold (SM). To better understand the mechanisms of SM resistance in annual bluegrass, four SM-resistant and four SM-sensitive genotypes were incubated at low temperature with Microdochium nivale (Fries) Samuels & Hallett, the causal agent of pink snow mold. We assessed the impact of a 6-week incubation period with SM at 2 °C under high humidity (≥ 98%) on the accumulation of cold-induced metabolites and on freezing tolerance. Incubation of annual bluegrass inoculated with SM lead to a major decrease in concentration of cryoprotective sugars such as sucrose and HDP (high degree of polymerization) fructans. Conversely, major amino acids linked to stress resistance such as glutamine and arginine increased in crowns of annual bluegrass in response to SM inoculation. One of the major differences between resistant and sensitive genotypes was found in the concentration of HDP fructans, which remained higher in SM-resistant genotypes throughout the incubation period. HDP fructans were also more abundant in freeze-tolerant genotypes, reinforcing their positive impact on winter survival of annual bluegrass. The identification of genotypes that are resistant to both SM and freezing shows the possibility of being able to improve both traits concomitantly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annick Bertrand
- Soils and Crops Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 2560 Hochelaga Blvd., Québec City, Québec G1V2J3, Canada.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|