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Gong Q, Zhou M, Li X, Guo Y. Transcription factor MYB8 regulates iron deficiency stress response in Arabidopsis. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 340:111973. [PMID: 38211736 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) is a crucial microelement for humans, animals, and plants. Insufficient Fe levels in plants impede growth and diminish photosynthesis, thus decreasing crop production. Notably, approximately one-third of the soil worldwide is alkaline and prone to Fe deficiency. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms underlying Fe absorption and transportation in plants can enhance Fe bioavailability in crops. In this study, the role of the transcription factor MYB8 in plant response to Fe deficiency in Arabidopsis was investigated via reverse genetics. Phenotype analysis revealed that the functional deletion mutant of MYB8 gene exhibited sensitivity to Fe deficiency stress, as indicated by shorter root length, lower chlorophyll content, and Fe concentration. Conversely, MYB8 overexpression strain showed a tolerant phenotype. Furthermore, qRT-PCR identified possible downstream MYB8-regulated genes. Moreover, MYB8 regulated the expression of iron-regulated transporter 1 (IRT1) by binding to the MYB binding sites motif ('AACAAAC') in its promoter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianyuan Gong
- Medical Research Center, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan, China.
| | - Mengjie Zhou
- Affiliated Sport Hospital of Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Nuclear Medicine, 363 Hospital, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuanbiao Guo
- Medical Research Center, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan, China
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2
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Mahiwal S, Pahuja S, Pandey GK. Review: Structural-functional relationship of WRKY transcription factors: Unfolding the role of WRKY in plants. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 257:128769. [PMID: 38096937 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
WRKY as the name suggests, are the transcription factors (TFs) that contain the signature WRKY domains, hence named after it. Since their discovery in 1994, they have been well studied in plants with exploration of approximately 74 WRKY genes in the model plant, Arabidopsis alone. However, the study of these transcription factors (TFs) is not just limited to model plant now. They have been studied widely in crop plants as well, because of their tremendous contribution in stress as well as in growth and development. Here, in this review, we describe the story of WRKY TFs from their identification to their origin, the binding mechanisms, structure and their contribution in regulating plant development and stress physiology. High throughput transcriptomics-based data also opened a doorway to understand the comprehensive and detailed functioning of WRKY TFs in plants. Indeed, the detailed functional role of each and every WRKY member in regulating the gene expression is required to pave the path to develop holistic understanding of their role in stress physiology and developmental processes in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Mahiwal
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi 110021, India
| | - Sonam Pahuja
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi 110021, India
| | - Girdhar K Pandey
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi 110021, India.
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3
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Mirza Z, Jonwal S, Saini H, Sinha AK, Gupta M. Unraveling the molecular aspects of iron-mediated OsWRKY76 signaling under arsenic stress in rice. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 204:108136. [PMID: 37897891 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is a significant environmental element that restricts the growth and production of rice plants. Although the role of iron (Fe) to sequester As in rice is widely known, the molecular mechanism regarding As-Fe interaction remains opaque. Here, we show the differential response of two rice varieties (Ratna and Lalat) in terms of their morphological and biochemical changes in the presence of As and Fe. These results together with in-silico screening, gene expression analysis, and protein-protein interaction studies suggest the role of OsWRKY76 in Fe-mediated As stress alleviation. When OsWRKY76 is activated by MAPK signaling, it inhibits the gene expression of Fe transporters OsIRT1 and OsYSL2, which reduces the amount of Fe accumulated. However, MAPK signaling and OsWRKY76 remain down-regulated during Fe supplementation with As, which subsequently encourages the up-regulation of OsIRT1 and OsYSL2. This results in greater Fe content and decreased As accumulation and toxicity. The lower H2O2 and SOD, CAT, and APX activities were likewise seen under the As + Fe condition. Overall, results revealed the molecular aspects of Fe-mediated control of OsWRKY76 signaling and showed that Ratna is a more As tolerant variety than Lalat. Lalat, however, performs better in As stress due to the presence of Fe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zainab Mirza
- Ecotoxicogenomics Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 25, India
| | - Sarvesh Jonwal
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Himanshu Saini
- Ecotoxicogenomics Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 25, India
| | - Alok Krishna Sinha
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Meetu Gupta
- Ecotoxicogenomics Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 25, India.
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4
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Zhang Z, Cheng J, Wang W, Gao Y, Xian X, Li C, Wang Y. Transcription factors dealing with Iron-deficiency stress in plants: focus on the bHLH transcription factor family. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2023; 175:e14091. [PMID: 38148182 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe), as an important micronutrient element necessary for plant growth and development, not only participates in multiple physiological and biochemical reactions in cells but also exerts a crucial role in respiration and photosynthetic electron transport. Since Fe is mainly present in the soil in the form of iron hydroxide, Fe deficiency exists universally in plants and has become an important factor triggering crop yield reduction and quality decline. It has been shown that transcription factors (TFs), as an important part of plant signaling pathways, not only coordinate the internal signals of different interaction partners during plant development, but also participate in plant responses to biological and abiotic stresses, such as Fe deficiency stress. Here, the role of bHLH transcription factors in the regulation of Fe homeostasis (mainly Fe uptake) is discussed with emphasis on the functions of MYB, WRKY and other TFs in the maintenance of Fe homeostasis. This review provides a theoretical basis for further studies on the regulation of TFs in Fe deficiency stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongxing Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jiao Cheng
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wanxia Wang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yanlong Gao
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xulin Xian
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Cailong Li
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yanxiu Wang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
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5
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Li X, Cao H, Yu D, Xu K, Zhang Y, Shangguan X, Zheng X, Yang Z, Li C, Pan X, Cui Y, Zhang Z, Han M, Zhang Y, Sun Q, Guo H, Zhao J, Li L, Li C. SlbHLH152, a bHLH transcription factor positively regulates iron homeostasis in tomato. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 335:111821. [PMID: 37558055 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
The maintain of iron (Fe) homeostasis is essential for plant survival. In tomato, few transcription factors have been identified as regulators of Fe homeostasis, among which SlbHLH068 induced by iron deficiency, plays an important role. However, the upstream regulator(s) responsible for activating the expression of SlbHLH068 remain(s) unknown. In this study, the bHLH (basic helix-loop-helix) transcription factor SlbHLH152 was identified as an upstream regulator of SlbHLH068 using yeast one-hybrid screening. Deletion of SlbHLH152 led to a significant decline in Fe concentration, which was accompanied by reduced expression of Fe-deficiency-responsive genes. In contrast, SlbHLH152 overexpression plants displayed tolerance to iron deficiency, increased Fe accumulation, and elevated expression of Fe-deficiency-responsive genes. Further analysis indicated that SlbHLH152 directly activates the transcription of SlbHLH068. Taken together, our results suggest that SlbHLH152 may be involved in the regulation of iron homeostasis by directly activating the transcription of SlbHLH068 in tomato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466001, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding & Bioreactor, Zhoukou 466001, China
| | - Haohao Cao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466001, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding & Bioreactor, Zhoukou 466001, China
| | - Deshui Yu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466001, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding & Bioreactor, Zhoukou 466001, China
| | - Kedong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466001, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding & Bioreactor, Zhoukou 466001, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466001, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding & Bioreactor, Zhoukou 466001, China
| | - Xinxin Shangguan
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466001, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding & Bioreactor, Zhoukou 466001, China
| | - Xiaohong Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466001, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding & Bioreactor, Zhoukou 466001, China
| | - Zhongzhou Yang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466001, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding & Bioreactor, Zhoukou 466001, China
| | - Chaoqiong Li
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466001, China
| | - Xingchen Pan
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466001, China
| | - Yiming Cui
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466001, China
| | - Zhiqing Zhang
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466001, China
| | - Mengru Han
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466001, China
| | - Yiqing Zhang
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466001, China
| | - Qimeng Sun
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466001, China
| | - Huiling Guo
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466001, China
| | - Jingyi Zhao
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466001, China
| | - Lili Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466001, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding & Bioreactor, Zhoukou 466001, China; College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466001, China.
| | - Chengwei Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466001, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding & Bioreactor, Zhoukou 466001, China; College of Bioengineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
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6
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Cui R, Feng Y, Yao J, Shi L, Wang S, Xu F. The transcription factor BnaA9.WRKY47 coordinates leaf senescence and nitrogen remobilization in Brassica napus. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:5606-5619. [PMID: 37474125 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) is an essential macronutrient for plants, and its remobilization is key for adaptation to deficiency stress. However, there is limited understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of N remobilization in the important crop species Brassica napus (oilseed rape). Here, we report the identification of a transcription factor, BnaA9.WRKY47, that is induced by N starvation in a canola variety. At the seedling stage, BnaA9.WRKY47-overexpressing (OE) lines displayed earlier senescence of older leaves and preferential growth of juvenile leaves compared to the wild type under N starvation. At the field scale, the seed yield was significantly increased in the BnaA9.WRKY47-OE lines compared with the wild type when grown under N deficiency conditions and, conversely, it was reduced in BnaA9.WRKY47-knockout mutants. Biochemical analyses demonstrated that BnaA9.WRKY47 directly activates BnaC7.SGR1 to accelerate senescence of older leaves. In line with leaf senescence, the concentration of amino acids in the older leaves of the OE lines was elevated, and the proportion of plant N that they contained was reduced. This was associated with BnaA9.WRKY47 activating the amino acid permease BnaA9.AAP1 and the nitrate transporter BnaA2.NRT1.7. Thus, the expression of BnaA9.WRKY47 efficiently facilitated N remobilization from older to younger leaves or to seeds. Taken together, our results demonstrate that BnaA9.WRKY47 up-regulates the expression of BnaC7.SGR1, BnaA2.NRT1.7, and BnaA9AAP1, thus promoting the remobilization of N in B. napus under starvation conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Cui
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Wuhan 430070, China
- Microelement Research Centre, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yingna Feng
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Wuhan 430070, China
- Microelement Research Centre, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jinliang Yao
- Microelement Research Centre, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Lei Shi
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Wuhan 430070, China
- Microelement Research Centre, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Sheliang Wang
- Microelement Research Centre, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Fangsen Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Wuhan 430070, China
- Microelement Research Centre, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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7
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Wang H, Gao Z, Chen X, Li E, Li Y, Zhang C, Hou X. BcWRKY22 Activates BcCAT2 to Enhance Catalase (CAT) Activity and Reduce Hydrogen Peroxide (H 2O 2) Accumulation, Promoting Thermotolerance in Non-Heading Chinese Cabbage ( Brassica campestris ssp . chinensis). Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1710. [PMID: 37760013 PMCID: PMC10525746 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12091710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
WRKY transcription factors (TFs) participate in plant defense mechanisms against biological and abiotic stresses. However, their regulatory role in heat resistance is still unclear in non-heading Chinese cabbage. Here, we identified the WRKY-IIe gene BcWRKY22(BraC09g001080.1), which is activated under high temperatures and plays an active role in regulating thermal stability, through transcriptome analysis. We further discovered that the BcWRKY22 protein is located in the nucleus and demonstrates transactivation activity in both the yeast and plant. Additionally, our studies showed that the transient overexpression of BcWRKY22 in non-heading Chinese cabbage activates the expression of catalase 2 (BcCAT2), enhances CAT enzyme activity, and reduces Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2) accumulation under heat stress conditions. In addition, compared to its wild-type (WT) counterparts, Arabidopsis thaliana heterologously overexpresses BcWRKY22, improving thermotolerance. When the BcWRKY22 transgenic root was obtained, under heat stress, the accumulation of H2O2 was reduced, while the expression of catalase 2 (BcCAT2) was upregulated, thereby enhancing CAT enzyme activity. Further analysis revealed that BcWRKY22 directly activates the expression of BcCAT2 (BraC08g016240.1) by binding to the W-box element distributed within the promoter region of BcCAT2. Collectively, our findings suggest that BcWRKY22 may serve as a novel regulator of the heat stress response in non-heading Chinese cabbage, actively contributing to the establishment of thermal tolerance by upregulating catalase (CAT) activity and downregulating H2O2 accumulation via BcCAT2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (East China), Engineering Research Center of Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (H.W.); (Z.G.); (X.C.); (E.L.); (Y.L.)
- Nanjing Suman Plasma Engineering Research Institute Co., Ltd., Nanjing 211162, China
| | - Zhanyuan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (East China), Engineering Research Center of Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (H.W.); (Z.G.); (X.C.); (E.L.); (Y.L.)
- Nanjing Suman Plasma Engineering Research Institute Co., Ltd., Nanjing 211162, China
| | - Xiaoshan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (East China), Engineering Research Center of Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (H.W.); (Z.G.); (X.C.); (E.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Entong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (East China), Engineering Research Center of Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (H.W.); (Z.G.); (X.C.); (E.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Ying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (East China), Engineering Research Center of Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (H.W.); (Z.G.); (X.C.); (E.L.); (Y.L.)
- Nanjing Suman Plasma Engineering Research Institute Co., Ltd., Nanjing 211162, China
| | - Changwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (East China), Engineering Research Center of Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (H.W.); (Z.G.); (X.C.); (E.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Xilin Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (East China), Engineering Research Center of Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (H.W.); (Z.G.); (X.C.); (E.L.); (Y.L.)
- Nanjing Suman Plasma Engineering Research Institute Co., Ltd., Nanjing 211162, China
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8
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Wang H, Cheng X, Yin D, Chen D, Luo C, Liu H, Huang C. Advances in the Research on Plant WRKY Transcription Factors Responsive to External Stresses. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:2861-2880. [PMID: 37185711 PMCID: PMC10136515 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45040187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The WRKY transcription factors are a class of transcriptional regulators that are ubiquitous in plants, wherein they play key roles in various physiological activities, including responses to stress. Specifically, WRKY transcription factors mediate plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses through the binding of their conserved domain to the W-box element of the target gene promoter and the subsequent activation or inhibition of transcription (self-regulation or cross-regulation). In this review, the progress in the research on the regulatory effects of WRKY transcription factors on plant responses to external stresses is summarized, with a particular focus on the structural characteristics, classifications, biological functions, effects on plant secondary metabolism, regulatory networks, and other aspects of WRKY transcription factors. Future research and prospects in this field are also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Wang
- College of Ecology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Xi Cheng
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Functional Floriculture, Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Dongmei Yin
- College of Ecology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Dongliang Chen
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Functional Floriculture, Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Chang Luo
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Functional Floriculture, Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Hua Liu
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Functional Floriculture, Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Conglin Huang
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Functional Floriculture, Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
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9
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Singh G, Ambreen H, Jain P, Chakraborty A, Singh B, Manivannan A, Bhatia S. Comparative transcriptomic and metabolite profiling reveals genotype-specific responses to Fe starvation in chickpea. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2023; 175:e13897. [PMID: 36960640 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Iron deficiency is a major nutritional stress that severely impacts crop productivity worldwide. However, molecular intricacies and subsequent physiological and metabolic changes in response to Fe starvation, especially in leguminous crops like chickpea, remain elusive. In the present study, we investigated physiological, transcriptional, and metabolic reprogramming in two chickpea genotypes (H6013 and L4958) with contrasting seed iron concentrations upon Fe deficiency. Our findings revealed that iron starvation affected growth and physiological parameters of both chickpea genotypes. Comparative transcriptome analysis led to the identification of differentially expressed genes between the genotypes related to strategy I uptake, metal ions transporters, reactive oxygen species-associated genes, transcription factors, and protein kinases that could mitigate Fe deficiency. Our gene correlation network discovered several putative candidate genes like CIPK25, CKX3, WRKY50, NAC29, MYB4, and PAP18, which could facilitate the investigation of the molecular rationale underlying Fe tolerance in chickpea. Furthermore, the metabolite analysis also illustrated the differential accumulation of organic acids, amino acids and other metabolites associated with Fe mobilization in chickpea genotypes. Overall, our study demonstrated the comparative transcriptional dynamics upon Fe starvation. The outcomes of the current endeavor will enable the development of Fe deficiency tolerant chickpea cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gourav Singh
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, PO Box No. 10531, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Heena Ambreen
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, PO Box No. 10531, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Priyanka Jain
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, PO Box No. 10531, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Anirban Chakraborty
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, PO Box No. 10531, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Baljinder Singh
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, PO Box No. 10531, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Abinaya Manivannan
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, PO Box No. 10531, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Sabhyata Bhatia
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, PO Box No. 10531, New Delhi, 110067, India
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10
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Banerjee S, Roy P, Nandi S, Roy S. Advanced biotechnological strategies towards the development of crops with enhanced micronutrient content. PLANT GROWTH REGULATION 2023; 100:355-371. [PMID: 36686885 PMCID: PMC9845834 DOI: 10.1007/s10725-023-00968-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Micronutrients are essential mineral elements required for both plant and human development.An integrated system involving soil, climatic conditions, and types of crop plants determines the level of micronutrient acquisition and utilization. Most of the staple food crops consumed globally predominantly include the cereal grains, tubers and roots, respectively and in many cases, particularly in the resource-poor countries they are grown in nutrient-deficient soils. These situations frequently lead to micronutrient deficiency in crops. Moreover, crop plants with micronutrient deficiency also show high level of susceptibility to various abiotic and biotic stress factors. Apart from this, climate change and soil pollution severely affect the accumulation of micronutrients, such as zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), selenium (Se), manganese (Mn), and copper (Cu) in food crops. Therefore, overcoming the issue of micronutrient deficiency in staple crops and to achieve the adequate level of food production with enriched nutrient value is one of the major global challenges at present. Conventional breeding approaches are not adequate to feed the increasing global population with nutrient-rich staple food crops. To address these issues, alongside traditional approaches, genetic modification strategies have been adopted during the past couple of years in order to enhance the transport, production, enrichment and bioavailability of micronutrients in staple crops. Recent advances in agricultural biotechnology and genome editing approaches have shown promising response in the development of micronutrient enriched biofortified crops. This review highlights the current advancement of our knowledge on the possible implications of various biotechnological tools for the enrichment and enhancement of bioavailability of micronutrients in crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samrat Banerjee
- Department of Botany, UGC Centre for Advanced Studies, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag Campus, 713104 Burdwan, West Bengal India
| | - Pinaki Roy
- Department of Botany, UGC Centre for Advanced Studies, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag Campus, 713104 Burdwan, West Bengal India
| | - Shreyashi Nandi
- Department of Botany, UGC Centre for Advanced Studies, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag Campus, 713104 Burdwan, West Bengal India
| | - Sujit Roy
- Department of Botany, UGC Centre for Advanced Studies, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag Campus, 713104 Burdwan, West Bengal India
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Kermeur N, Pédrot M, Cabello-Hurtado F. Iron Availability and Homeostasis in Plants: A Review of Responses, Adaptive Mechanisms, and Signaling. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2642:49-81. [PMID: 36944872 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3044-0_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Iron is an essential element for all living organisms, playing a major role in plant biochemistry as a redox catalyst based on iron redox properties. Iron is the fourth most abundant element of the Earth's crust, but its uptake by plants is complex because it is often in insoluble forms that are not easily accessible for plants to use. The physical and chemical speciation of iron, as well as rhizosphere activity, are key factors controlling the bioavailability of Fe. Iron can be under reduced (Fe2+) or oxidized (Fe3+) ionic forms, adsorbed onto mineral surfaces, forming complexes with organic molecules, precipitated to form poorly crystalline hydroxides to highly crystalline iron oxides, or included in crystalline Fe-rich mineral phases. Plants must thus adapt to a complex and changing iron environment, and their response is finely regulated by multiple signaling pathways initiated by a diversity of stimulus perceptions. Higher plants possess two separate strategies to uptake iron from rhizosphere soil: the chelation strategy and the reduction strategy in grass and non-grass plants, respectively. Molecular actors involved in iron uptake and mobilization through the plant have been characterized for both strategies. All these processes that contribute to iron homeostasis in plants are highly regulated in response to iron availability by downstream signaling responses, some of which are characteristic signaling signatures of iron dynamics, while others are shared with other environmental stimuli. Recent research has thus revealed key transcription factors, cis-acting elements, post-translational regulators, and other molecular mechanisms controlling these genes or their encoded proteins in response to iron availability. In addition, the most recent research is increasingly highlighting the crosstalk between iron homeostasis and nutrient response regulation. These regulatory processes help to avoid plant iron concentrations building up to potential cell functioning disruptions that could adversely affect plant fitness. Indeed, when iron is in excess in the plant, it can lead to the production and accumulation of dangerous reactive oxygen species and free radicals (H2O2, HO•, O2•-, HO•2) that can cause considerable damages to most cellular components. To cope with iron oxidative stress, plants have developed defense systems involving the complementary action of antioxidant enzymes and molecular antioxidants, safe iron-storage mechanisms, and appropriate morphological adaptations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nolenn Kermeur
- University of Rennes, CNRS, Ecobio, UMR 6553, Rennes, France
- University of Rennes, CNRS, Géosciences Rennes, UMR 6118, Rennes, France
| | - Mathieu Pédrot
- University of Rennes, CNRS, Géosciences Rennes, UMR 6118, Rennes, France
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12
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Wu X, Wang T, Song H, Jia Y, Ma Q, Tao M, Zhu X, Cao S. The transcription factor WRKY12 negatively regulates iron entry into seeds in Arabidopsis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:415-426. [PMID: 36223275 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Yellow Stripe 1-Like 1 (YSL1) and Yellow Stripe 1-Like 3 (YSL3) transport metal-nicotianamine (NA) complexes to leaves, pollen, and developing seeds and play an important role in regulating iron (Fe) accumulation during the seed development and maturation stages; however, how their gene transcript levels are regulated remains unknown. In this study, we used yeast one-hybrid screening to identify a transcription factor, WRKY12, in Arabidopsis that directly regulates the transcription levels of YSL1 and YSL3 genes. WRKY12 has opposite expression patterns to YSL1 and YSL3. wrky12 mutants are tolerant to Fe deficiency, whereas WRKY12 overexpression lines are sensitive to Fe deficiency. During the development and maturation of seeds, WRKY12 can directly bind to the promoters of YSL1 and YSL3 and inhibit their expression. Genetic analysis showed that WRKY12 functions upstream of YSL1 and YSL3 in Fe intake during the seed development and maturation stages. Together, our results suggest that WRKY12 negatively regulates the iron intake in plant seeds by inhibiting the expression of YSL1 and YSL3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Wu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Tingting Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Hui Song
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Yafeng Jia
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Qian Ma
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Manzhi Tao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Shuqing Cao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
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13
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Lyu J, Yao Z, Liang B, Liu Y, Zhang Y. Small protein complex prediction algorithm based on protein-protein interaction network segmentation. BMC Bioinformatics 2022; 23:405. [PMID: 36180820 PMCID: PMC9524060 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-022-04960-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Identifying protein complexes from protein-protein interaction network is one of significant tasks in the postgenome era. Protein complexes, none of which exceeds 10 in size play an irreplaceable role in life activities and are also a hotspot of scientific research, such as PSD-95, CD44, PKM2 and BRD4. And in MIPS, CYC2008, SGD, Aloy and TAP06 datasets, the proportion of small protein complexes is over 75%. But up to now, protein complex identification methods do not perform well in the field of small protein complexes. Results In this paper, we propose a novel method, called BOPS. It is a three-step procedure. Firstly, it calculates the balanced weights to replace the original weights. Secondly, it divides the graphs larger than MAXP until the original PPIN is divided into small PPINs. Thirdly, it enumerates the connected subset of each small PPINs, identifies potential protein complexes based on cohesion and removes those that are similar. Conclusions In four yeast PPINs, experimental results have shown that BOPS has an improvement of about 5% compared with the SOTA model. In addition, we constructed a weighted Homo sapiens PPIN based on STRINGdb and BioGRID, and BOPS gets the best result in it. These results give new insights into the identification of small protein complexes, and the weighted Homo sapiens PPIN provides more data for related research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqing Lyu
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Zhen Yao
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Bing Liang
- School of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China.
| | - Yiwei Liu
- School of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Yijia Zhang
- School of Information Science and Technology, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China.
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14
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Li GZ, Zheng YX, Liu HT, Liu J, Kang GZ. WRKY74 regulates cadmium tolerance through glutathione-dependent pathway in wheat. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:68191-68201. [PMID: 35538337 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20672-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic heavy metal to plants and human health. Ascorbate (ASA)-glutathione (GSH) synthesis pathway plays key roles in Cd detoxification, while its molecular regulatory mechanism remains largely unknown, especially in wheat. Here, we found a WRKY transcription factor-TaWRKY74, and its function in wheat Cd stress is not clear in previous studies. The expression levels of TaWRKY74 were significantly induced by Cd stress. Compared to control, the activities of GST, GR, or APX were significantly increased by 1.55-, 1.43-, or 1.75-fold and 1.63-, 2.65-, or 2.30-fold in shoots and roots of transiently TaWRKY74-silenced wheat plants under Cd stress. Similarly, the contents of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA), GSH, or Cd were also significantly increased by 2.39- or 1.25-fold, 1.54- or 1.20-fold, and 1.34- or 5.94-fold in shoots or roots in transiently TaWRKY74-silenced wheat plants, while ASA content was decreased by 47.4 or 43.3% in shoots, 10.7 or 6.5% in roots in these silenced wheat plants, respectively. Moreover, the expression levels of GSH, GPX, GR, DHAR, MDHAR, and APX genes, which are involved in ASA-GSH synthesis, were separately induced by 2.42-, 2.16-, 3.28-, 2.08-, 1.92-, and 2.23-fold in shoots, or by 10.69-, 3.33-, 3.26-, 1.81-, 16.53-, and 3.57-fold in roots of the BSMV-VIGS-TaWRKY74-inoculated wheat plants, respectively. However, the expression levels of TaNramp1, TaNramp5, TaHMA2, TaHMA3, TaLCT1, and TaIRT1 metal transporters genes were decreased by 21.2-76.3% (56.6%, 59.2%, 76.3%, 53.6%, 35.8%, and 21.2%) in roots of the BSMV-VIGS-TaWRKY74-inoculated wheat plants. Taken together, our results suggested that TaWRKY74 alleviated Cd toxicity in wheat by affecting the expression of ASA-GSH synthesis genes and suppressing the expression of Cd transporter genes, and further affecting Cd uptake and translocation in wheat plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge-Zi Li
- The National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
- The National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
- Henan Technology Innovation Centre of Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Yong-Xing Zheng
- The National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Hai-Tao Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Jin Liu
- The National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Guo-Zhang Kang
- The National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
- The National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
- Henan Technology Innovation Centre of Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
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15
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Wu Z, Li T, Cao X, Zhang D, Teng N. Lily WRKY factor LlWRKY22 promotes thermotolerance through autoactivation and activation of LlDREB2B. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2022; 9:uhac186. [PMID: 36338843 PMCID: PMC9627522 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhac186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Most of WRKY transcription factors play important roles in plant development, protection against disease, and response to abiotic stress; however, their roles in lily are largely unknown. Transcriptome analysis in lily (Lilium longiflorum) led to the identification and isolation of a WRKY-IIe gene, LlWRKY22, which was found to be activated at high temperature and play a positive role in thermotolerance regulation. LlWRKY22 expression was continuously activated by heat stress. We further found that LlWRKY22 protein localized to the nucleus and exhibited transactivation activity in both yeast and plant cells, and that its C terminus contributed to its transactivation activity. Meanwhile, overexpression of LlWRKY22 in lily improved thermotolerance and activated the expression of heat-related LlDREB2B gene; however, silencing of LlWRKY22 exerted the opposite effects. Further analysis revealed that LlWRKY22 directly activated the expression of LlDREB2B by binding to two tandem W-box elements on its promoter. Simultaneously, we also found that LlWRKY22 can directly bind its own promoter, thereby activating its own expression and forming a positive regulatory loop. Combined, our findings demonstrated that LlWRKY22 may be a new regulator of heat stress response and positively participates in the establishment of thermotolerance by activating itself and LlDREB2B.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xing Cao
- College of Architecture, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China
| | - Dehua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Jiangsu Graduate Workstation of Nanjing Agricultural University and Nanjing Oriole Island Modern Agricultural Development Co., Ltd, Nanjing 210043, China
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16
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Liang X, Li Y, Yao A, Liu W, Yang T, Zhao M, Zhang B, Han D. Overexpression of MxbHLH18 Increased Iron and High Salinity Stress Tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23148007. [PMID: 35887354 PMCID: PMC9319408 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23148007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
In the life cycle of apple, it will suffer a variety of abiotic stresses, such as iron stress and salt stress. bHLH transcription factors (TFs) play an indispensable role in the response of plants to stress. In this study, a new bHLH gene named MxbHLH18 was separated from Malus xiaojinensis. According to the results of subcellular localization, MxbHLH18 was localized in the nucleus. Salt stress and iron stress affected the expression of MxbHLH18 in Malus xiaojinensis seedlings to a large extent. Due to the introduction of MxbHLH18, the resistance of Arabidopsis thaliana to salt, high iron and low iron was significantly enhanced. Under the environmental conditions of high iron and low iron, the overexpression of MxbHLH18 increased many physiological indexes of transgenic Arabidopsis compared to wild type (WT), such as root length, fresh weight and iron content. The high level expression of MxbHLH18 in transformed Arabidopsis thaliana can not only increased the content of chlorophyll and proline, as well as increasing the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT); it also reduced the content of malondialdehyde (MDA), which was more obvious under high salt conditions. In addition, the relative conductivity, H2O2 content and O2− content in transgenic Arabidopsis decreased under salt stress. Meanwhile, MxbHLH18 can also regulate the expression of downstream genes associated with salt stress (AtCBF1/2/3, AtKIN1 and AtCOR15a/b) and iron stress (AtIRT1, AtFRO2, AtNAS2, ATACT2, AtZIF1 and AtOPT3). Therefore, MxbHLH18 can actively promote the adaptability of plants to the growth environment of salt and low and/or iron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqi Liang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Development and Utilization of Small Fruits in Cold Regions/College of Horticulture & Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (X.L.); (Y.L.); (A.Y.); (T.Y.); (M.Z.)
| | - Yingmei Li
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Development and Utilization of Small Fruits in Cold Regions/College of Horticulture & Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (X.L.); (Y.L.); (A.Y.); (T.Y.); (M.Z.)
| | - Anqi Yao
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Development and Utilization of Small Fruits in Cold Regions/College of Horticulture & Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (X.L.); (Y.L.); (A.Y.); (T.Y.); (M.Z.)
| | - Wanda Liu
- Horticulture Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150040, China;
| | - Tianyu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Development and Utilization of Small Fruits in Cold Regions/College of Horticulture & Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (X.L.); (Y.L.); (A.Y.); (T.Y.); (M.Z.)
| | - Mengfei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Development and Utilization of Small Fruits in Cold Regions/College of Horticulture & Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (X.L.); (Y.L.); (A.Y.); (T.Y.); (M.Z.)
| | - Bingxiu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Development and Utilization of Small Fruits in Cold Regions/College of Horticulture & Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (X.L.); (Y.L.); (A.Y.); (T.Y.); (M.Z.)
- Correspondence: (B.Z.); (D.H.); Tel.: +86-451-55190781 (D.H.)
| | - Deguo Han
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Development and Utilization of Small Fruits in Cold Regions/College of Horticulture & Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (X.L.); (Y.L.); (A.Y.); (T.Y.); (M.Z.)
- Correspondence: (B.Z.); (D.H.); Tel.: +86-451-55190781 (D.H.)
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17
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Ceasar SA, Maharajan T, Hillary VE, Ajeesh Krishna TP. Insights to improve the plant nutrient transport by CRISPR/Cas system. Biotechnol Adv 2022; 59:107963. [PMID: 35452778 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2022.107963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
We need to improve food production to feed the ever growing world population especially in a changing climate. Nutrient deficiency in soils is one of the primary bottlenecks affecting the crop production both in developed and developing countries. Farmers are forced to apply synthetic fertilizers to improve the crop production to meet the demand. Understanding the mechanism of nutrient transport is helpful to improve the nutrient-use efficiency of crops and promote the sustainable agriculture. Many transporters involved in the acquisition, export and redistribution of nutrients in plants are characterized. In these studies, heterologous systems like yeast and Xenopus were most frequently used to study the transport function of plant nutrient transporters. CRIPSR/Cas system introduced recently has taken central stage for efficient genome editing in diverse organisms including plants. In this review, we discuss the key nutrient transporters involved in the acquisition and redistribution of nutrients from soil. We draw insights on the possible application CRISPR/Cas system for improving the nutrient transport in plants by engineering key residues of nutrient transporters, transcriptional regulation of nutrient transport signals, engineering motifs in promoters and transcription factors. CRISPR-based engineering of plant nutrient transport not only helps to study the process in native plants with conserved regulatory system but also aid to develop non-transgenic crops with better nutrient use-efficiency. This will reduce the application of synthetic fertilizers and promote the sustainable agriculture strengthening the food and nutrient security.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - V Edwin Hillary
- Department of Biosciences, Rajagiri College of Social Sciences, Kochi 683104, Kerala, India
| | - T P Ajeesh Krishna
- Department of Biosciences, Rajagiri College of Social Sciences, Kochi 683104, Kerala, India
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18
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Singh N, Bhatla SC. Heme oxygenase-nitric oxide crosstalk-mediated iron homeostasis in plants under oxidative stress. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 182:192-205. [PMID: 35247570 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Plant growth under abiotic stress conditions significantly enhances intracellular generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Oxidative status of plant cells is directly affected by the modulation of iron homeostasis. Among mammals and plants, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is a well-known antioxidant enzyme. It catalyzes oxygenation of heme, thereby producing Fe2+, CO and biliverdin as byproducts. The antioxidant potential of HO-1 is primarily due to its catalytic reaction byproducts. Biliverdin and bilirubin possess conjugated π-electrons which escalate the ability of these biomolecules to scavenge free radicals. CO also enhances the ROS scavenging ability of plants cells by upregulating catalase and peroxidase activity. Enhanced expression of HO-1 in plants under oxidative stress accompanies sequestration of iron in specialized iron storage proteins localized in plastids and mitochondria, namely ferritin for Fe3+ storage and frataxin for storage of Fe-S clusters, respectively. Nitric oxide (NO) crosstalks with HO-1 at multiple levels, more so in plants under oxidative stress, in order to maintain intracellular iron status. Formation of dinitrosyl-iron complexes (DNICs) significantly prevents Fenton reaction during oxidative stress. DNICs also release NO upon dissociation in target cells over long distance in plants. They also function as antioxidants against superoxide anions and lipidic free radicals. A number of NO-modulated transcription factors also facilitate iron homeostasis in plant cells. Plants facing oxidative stress exhibit modulation of lateral root formation by HO-1 through NO and auxin-dependent pathways. The present review provides an in-depth analysis of the structure-function relationship of HO-1 in plants and mammals, correlating them with their adaptive mechanisms of survival under stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Singh
- Department of Botany, Gargi College, University of Delhi, India.
| | - Satish C Bhatla
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Botany, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India.
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19
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Zhang M, Zhong X, Li M, Yang X, Abou Elwafa SF, Albaqami M, Tian H. Genome-wide analyses of the Nodulin-like gene family in bread wheat revealed its potential roles during arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 201:424-436. [PMID: 35041884 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.01.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Nodulin-like (NL) genes are involved in transporting of various substances and may play key roles during the establishment of symbiosis in legumes plants. However, basic biological information of NL genes in the wheat genome is still largely unknown. Here, we identified and characterized NL genes in wheat via integrating genomic information, collinearity analysis, co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and transcriptome analysis. In addition, we analyzed the polymorphisms and the roles of NL genes during arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis using a large wheat panel consists of 259 wheat genotypes. We identified 181 NL genes in the wheat genome, which were classified into SWEET, Early Nodulin-Like (ENODL), Major Facilitator Superfamily-Nodulin (MFS), Vacuolar Iron Transporter (VIT) and Early nodulin 93 (ENOD93) subfamily. The expansion of NL genes was mainly driven by segmental duplication. The bHLH genes are potential unrecognized transcription factors regulating NL genes. Moreover, two NL genes were more sensitive than other NL genes to AM colonization. The polymorphisms of NL genes are mainly due to random drift, and the natural mutation of NL genes led to significant differences in the mycorrhizal dependence of wheat in phosphorus uptake. The results concluded that NL genes potentially play important roles during AM symbiosis with wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xiong Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Mengjiao Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xiuming Yang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Salah F Abou Elwafa
- Agronomy department, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, 71526 Assiut, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Albaqami
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hui Tian
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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20
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Hu W, Ren Q, Chen Y, Xu G, Qian Y. Genome-wide identification and analysis of WRKY gene family in maize provide insights into regulatory network in response to abiotic stresses. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:427. [PMID: 34544366 PMCID: PMC8451115 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03206-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The WRKY transcription factor family plays significant roles in biotic and abiotic stress responses, which has been associated with various biological processes in higher plants. However, very little is known regarding the structure and function of WRKY genes in maize. RESULTS In this study, a total of 140 ZmWRKY proteins encoded by 125 ZmWRKY genes were eventually identified in maize. On the basis of features of molecular structure and a comparison of phylogenetic relationships of WRKY transcription factor families from Arabidopsis, rice and maize, all 140 ZmWRKY proteins in maize were divided into three main groups (Groups I, II and III) and the Group II was further classified into five subgroups. The characteristics of exon-intron structure of these putative ZmWRKY genes and conserved protein motifs of their encoded ZmWRKY proteins were also presented respectively, which was in accordance with the group classification results. Promoter analysis suggested that ZmWRKY genes shared many abiotic stress-related elements and hormone-related elements. Gene duplication analysis revealed that the segmental duplication and purifying selection might play a significant role during the evolution of the WRKY gene family in maize. Using RNA-seq data, transcriptome analysis indicated that most of ZmWRKY genes displayed differential expression patterns at different developmental stages of maize. Further, by quantitative real-time PCR analysis, twenty-one ZmWRKY genes were confirmed to respond to two different abiotic stress treatments, suggesting their potential roles in various abiotic stress responses. In addition, RNA-seq dataset was used to conduct weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) in order to recognize gene subsets possessing similar expression patterns and highly correlated with each other within different metabolic networks. Further, subcellular localization prediction, functional annotation and interaction analysis of ZmWRKY proteins were also performed to predict their interactions and associations involved in potential regulatory network. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, the present study will serve to present an important theoretical basis for further exploring function and regulatory mechanism of ZmWRKY genes in the growth, development, and adaptation to abiotic stresses in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Hu
- Anhui Provincial Key Lab. of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biological Resources, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000 China
| | - Qiaoyu Ren
- Anhui Provincial Key Lab. of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biological Resources, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000 China
| | - Yali Chen
- Anhui Provincial Key Lab. of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biological Resources, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000 China
| | - Guoliang Xu
- Anhui Provincial Key Lab. of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biological Resources, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000 China
| | - Yexiong Qian
- Anhui Provincial Key Lab. of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biological Resources, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000 China
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21
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Li J, Cao X, Jia X, Liu L, Cao H, Qin W, Li M. Iron Deficiency Leads to Chlorosis Through Impacting Chlorophyll Synthesis and Nitrogen Metabolism in Areca catechu L. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:710093. [PMID: 34408765 PMCID: PMC8365612 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.710093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Deficiency of certain elements can cause leaf chlorosis in Areca catechu L. trees, which causes considerable production loss. The linkage between nutrient deficiency and chlorosis phenomenon and physiological defect in A. catechu remains unclear. Here, we found that low iron supply is a determinant for chlorosis of A. catechu seedling, and excessive iron supply resulted in dark green leaves. We also observed morphological characters of A. catechu seedlings under different iron levels and compared their fresh weight, chlorophyll contents, chloroplast structures and photosynthetic activities. Results showed that iron deficiency directly caused chloroplast degeneration and reduced chlorophyll synthesis in chlorosis leaves, while excessive iron treatment can increase chlorophyll contents, chloroplasts sizes, and inflated starch granules. However, both excessive and deficient of iron decreases fresh weight and photosynthetic rate in A. catechu seedlings. Therefore, we applied transcriptomic and metabolomic approaches to understand the effect of different iron supply to A. catechu seedlings. The genes involved in nitrogen assimilation pathway, such as NR (nitrate reductase) and GOGAT (glutamate synthase), were significantly down-regulated under both iron deficiency and excessive iron. Moreover, the accumulation of organic acids and flavonoids indicated a potential way for A. catechu to endure iron deficiency. On the other hand, the up-regulation of POD-related genes was assumed to be a defense strategy against the excessive iron toxicity. Our data demonstrated that A. catechu is an iron-sensitive species, therefore the precise control of iron level is believed to be the key point for A. catechu cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Li
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wenchang, China
| | - Xianmei Cao
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Xiaocheng Jia
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wenchang, China
| | - Liyun Liu
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wenchang, China
| | - Haowei Cao
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Weiquan Qin
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wenchang, China
| | - Meng Li
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wenchang, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
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22
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Gupta OP, Pandey V, Saini R, Khandale T, Singh A, Malik VK, Narwal S, Ram S, Singh GP. Comparative physiological, biochemical and transcriptomic analysis of hexaploid wheat (T. aestivum L.) roots and shoots identifies potential pathways and their molecular regulatory network during Fe and Zn starvation. Genomics 2021; 113:3357-3372. [PMID: 34339815 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2021.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The combined effect of iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) starvation on their uptake and transportation and the molecular regulatory networks is poorly understood in wheat. To fill this gap, we performed a comprehensive physiological, biochemical and transcriptome analysis in two bread wheat genotypes, i.e. Narmada 195 and PBW 502, differing in inherent Fe and Zn content. Compared to PBW 502, Narmada 195 exhibited increased tolerance to Fe and Zn withdrawal by significantly modulating the critical physiological and biochemical parameters. We identified 25 core genes associated with four key pathways, i.e. methionine cycle, phytosiderophore biosynthesis, antioxidant and transport system, that exhibited significant up-regulation in both the genotypes with a maximum in Narmada 195. We also identified 26 microRNAs targeting 14 core genes across the four pathways. Together, core genes identified can serve as valuable resources for further functional research for genetic improvement of Fe and Zn content in wheat grain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Om Prakash Gupta
- Division of Quality and Basic Sciences, ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research (IIWBR), Karnal, 132001, Haryana, India.
| | - Vanita Pandey
- Division of Quality and Basic Sciences, ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research (IIWBR), Karnal, 132001, Haryana, India
| | - Ritu Saini
- Division of Quality and Basic Sciences, ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research (IIWBR), Karnal, 132001, Haryana, India
| | - Tushar Khandale
- Division of Quality and Basic Sciences, ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research (IIWBR), Karnal, 132001, Haryana, India
| | - Ajeet Singh
- Division of Quality and Basic Sciences, ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research (IIWBR), Karnal, 132001, Haryana, India
| | - Vipin Kumar Malik
- Division of Quality and Basic Sciences, ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research (IIWBR), Karnal, 132001, Haryana, India
| | - Sneh Narwal
- Division of Quality and Basic Sciences, ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research (IIWBR), Karnal, 132001, Haryana, India; Division of Biochemistry, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Sewa Ram
- Division of Quality and Basic Sciences, ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research (IIWBR), Karnal, 132001, Haryana, India.
| | - Gyanendra Pratap Singh
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research (IIWBR), Karnal, 132001, Haryana, India
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23
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Wani SH, Anand S, Singh B, Bohra A, Joshi R. WRKY transcription factors and plant defense responses: latest discoveries and future prospects. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2021; 40:1071-1085. [PMID: 33860345 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-021-02691-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
WRKY transcription factors are among the largest families of transcriptional regulators. In this review, their pivotal role in modulating various signal transduction pathways during biotic and abiotic stresses is discussed. Transcription factors (TFs) are important constituents of plant signaling pathways that define plant responses against biotic and abiotic stimuli besides playing a role in response to internal signals which coordinate different interacting partners during developmental processes. WRKY TFs, deriving their nomenclature from their signature DNA-binding sequence, represent one of the largest families of transcriptional regulators found exclusively in plants. By modulating different signal transduction pathways, these TFs contribute to various plant processes including nutrient deprivation, embryogenesis, seed and trichome development, senescence as well as other developmental and hormone-regulated processes. A growing body of research suggests transcriptional regulation of WRKY TFs in adapting plant to a variety of stressed environments. WRKY TFs can regulate diverse biological functions from receptors for pathogen triggered immunity, modulator of chromatin for specific interaction and signal transfer through a complicated network of genes. Latest discoveries illustrate the interaction of WRKY proteins with other TFs to form an integral part of signaling webs that regulate several seemingly disparate processes and defense-related genes, thus establishing their significant contributions to plant immune response. The present review starts with a brief description on the structural characteristics of WRKY TFs followed by the sections that present recent evidence on their roles in diverse biological processes in plants. We provide a comprehensive overview on regulatory crosstalks involving WRKY TFs during multiple stress responses in plants and future prospects of WRKY TFs as promising molecular diagnostics for enhancing crop improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabir H Wani
- Mountain Research Centre for Field Crops, Sher‑e‑Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, J&K 192101, India
| | - Shruti Anand
- Mountain Research Centre for Field Crops, Sher‑e‑Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, J&K 192101, India
| | - Balwant Singh
- National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Abhishek Bohra
- Crop Improvement Division, ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research (IIPR), Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208024, India
| | - Rohit Joshi
- Division of Biotechnology, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, 176061, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-HRDC Campus, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India.
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24
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Sun WJ, Zhang JC, Ji XL, Feng ZQ, Wang X, Huang WJ, You CX, Wang XF, Hao YJ. Low nitrate alleviates iron deficiency by regulating iron homeostasis in apple. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2021; 44:1869-1884. [PMID: 33459386 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) is an essential element for plant growth, development and metabolism. Due to its lack of solubility and low bioavailability in soil, Fe levels are usually far below the optimum amount for most plants' growth and development. In apple production, excessive use of nitrogen fertilizer may cause iron chlorosis symptoms in the newly growing leaves, but the regulatory mechanisms underlying this phenomenon are unclear. In this study, low nitrate (NO3- , LN) application alleviated the symptoms of Fe deficiency and promoted lower rhizosphere pH, which was beneficial for root Fe acquisition. At the same time, LN treatment increased citrate and abscisic acid accumulation in roots, which promoted Fe transport from root to shoot and maintained Fe homeostasis. Moreover, qRT-PCR analysis showed that nitrate application caused differential expression of genes related to Fe uptake and transport, as well as transcriptional regulators. In summary, our data reveal that low nitrate alleviated Fe deficiency through multiple pathways, demonstrating a new option for minimizing Fe deficiency by regulating the balance between nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Jian Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production with High Quality and Efficiency, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
- Shandong Salver Group, Salver Academy of Botany, Rizhao, China
| | - Jiu-Cheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production with High Quality and Efficiency, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Xing-Long Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production with High Quality and Efficiency, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Zi-Quan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production with High Quality and Efficiency, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Xun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production with High Quality and Efficiency, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Wen-Jing Huang
- Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Horticultural Institute of Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Science, Kunming, China
| | - Chun-Xiang You
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production with High Quality and Efficiency, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Xiao-Fei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production with High Quality and Efficiency, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Yu-Jin Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production with High Quality and Efficiency, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
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25
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Bandyopadhyay T, Prasad M. IRONing out stress problems in crops: a homeostatic perspective. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 171:559-577. [PMID: 32770754 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) is essential for plant growth and therefore plays a key role in influencing crop productivity worldwide. Apart from its central role in chlorophyll biosynthesis and oxidative phosphorylation (electron transfer), it is an important constituent of many enzymes involved in primary metabolism. Fe has different accessibilities to the roots in the rhizosphere depending upon whether it is ferrous (soluble) or ferric (insoluble) oxidation stages, which in turn, determine two kinds of Fe uptake strategies employed by the plants. The reduction strategy is exclusively found in non-graminaceous plants wherein the ferrous Fe2+ is absorbed and translocated from the soil through specialized transporters. In contrast, the chelation strategy (widespread in graminaceous plants) relies on the formation of Fe (III)-chelate complex as the necessary requirement of Fe uptake. Once inside the cell, Fe is translocated, compartmentalized and stored through a common set of physiological processes involving many transporters and enzymes whose functions are controlled by underlying genetic components, so that a fine balance of Fe homeostasis is maintained. Recently, molecular and mechanistic aspects of the process involving the role of transcription factors, signaling components, and cis-acting elements have been obtained, which has enabled a much better understanding of its ecophysiology. This mini-review summarizes recent developments in our understanding of Fe transport in higher plants with particular emphasis on crops in the context of major agronomically important abiotic stresses. It also highlights outstanding questions on the regulation of Fe homeostasis and lists potentially useful genes/regulatory pathways that may be useful for subsequent crop improvement under the stresses discussed through either conventional or transgenic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Manoj Prasad
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
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26
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Gao F, Dubos C. Transcriptional integration of plant responses to iron availability. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:2056-2070. [PMID: 33246334 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Iron is one of the most important micronutrients for plant growth and development. It functions as the enzyme cofactor or component of electron transport chains in various vital metabolic processes, including photosynthesis, respiration, and amino acid biosynthesis. To maintain iron homeostasis, and therefore prevent any deficiency or excess that could be detrimental, plants have evolved complex transcriptional regulatory networks to tightly control iron uptake, translocation, assimilation, and storage. These regulatory networks are composed of various transcription factors; among them, members of the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) family play an essential role. Here, we first review recent advances in understanding the roles of bHLH transcription factors involved in the regulatory cascade controlling iron homeostasis in the model plant Arabidopsis, and extend this understanding to rice and other plant species. The importance of other classes of transcription factors will also be discussed. Second, we elaborate on the post-translational mechanisms involved in the regulation of these regulatory networks. Finally, we provide some perspectives on future research that should be conducted in order to precisely understand how plants control the homeostasis of this micronutrient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Gao
- BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Christian Dubos
- BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
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27
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Tewari RK, Horemans N, Watanabe M. Evidence for a role of nitric oxide in iron homeostasis in plants. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:990-1006. [PMID: 33196822 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO), once regarded as a poisonous air pollutant, is now understood as a regulatory molecule essential for several biological functions in plants. In this review, we summarize NO generation in different plant organs and cellular compartments, and also discuss the role of NO in iron (Fe) homeostasis, particularly in Fe-deficient plants. Fe is one of the most limiting essential nutrient elements for plants. Plants often exhibit Fe deficiency symptoms despite sufficient tissue Fe concentrations. NO appears to not only up-regulate Fe uptake mechanisms but also makes Fe more bioavailable for metabolic functions. NO forms complexes with Fe, which can then be delivered into target cells/tissues. NO generated in plants can alleviate oxidative stress by regulating antioxidant defense processes, probably by improving functional Fe status and by inducing post-translational modifications in the enzymes/proteins involved in antioxidant defense responses. It is hypothesized that NO acts in cooperation with transcription factors such as bHLHs, FIT, and IRO to regulate the expression of enzymes and proteins essential for Fe homeostasis. However, further investigations are needed to disentangle the interaction of NO with intracellular target molecules that leads to enhanced internal Fe availability in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nele Horemans
- Biosphere Impact Studies, Belgian Nuclear Research Center (SCK•CEN), Boeretang, Mol, Belgium
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan gebouw D, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Masami Watanabe
- Laboratory of Plant Biochemistry, Chiba University, Inage-ward, Yayoicho, Chiba, Japan
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28
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Gupta PK, Balyan HS, Sharma S, Kumar R. Biofortification and bioavailability of Zn, Fe and Se in wheat: present status and future prospects. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2021; 134:1-35. [PMID: 33136168 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-020-03709-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge of genetic variation, genetics, physiology/molecular basis and breeding (including biotechnological approaches) for biofortification and bioavailability for Zn, Fe and Se will help in developing nutritionally improved wheat. Biofortification of wheat cultivars for micronutrients is a priority research area for wheat geneticists and breeders. It is known that during breeding of wheat cultivars for productivity and quality, a loss of grain micronutrient contents occurred, leading to decline in nutritional quality of wheat grain. Keeping this in view, major efforts have been made during the last two decades for achieving biofortification and bioavailability of wheat grain for micronutrients including Zn, Fe and Se. The studies conducted so far included evaluation of gene pools for contents of not only grain micronutrients as above, but also for phytic acid (PA) or phytate and phytase, so that, while breeding for the micronutrients, bioavailability is also improved. For this purpose, QTL interval mapping and GWAS were carried out to identify QTLs/genes and associated markers that were subsequently used for marker-assisted selection (MAS) during breeding for biofortification. Studies have also been conducted to understand the physiology and molecular basis of biofortification, which also allowed identification of genes for uptake, transport and storage of micronutrients. Transgenics using transgenes have also been produced. The breeding efforts led to the development of at least a dozen cultivars with improved contents of grain micronutrients, although land area occupied by these biofortified cultivars is still marginal. In this review, the available information on different aspects of biofortification and bioavailability of micronutrients including Zn, Fe and Se in wheat has been reviewed for the benefit of those, who plan to start work or already conducting research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- P K Gupta
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, U.P, 250004, India.
| | - H S Balyan
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, U.P, 250004, India
| | - Shailendra Sharma
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, U.P, 250004, India
| | - Rahul Kumar
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, U.P, 250004, India
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29
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Tong J, Sun M, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Rasheed A, Li M, Xia X, He Z, Hao Y. Dissection of Molecular Processes and Genetic Architecture Underlying Iron and Zinc Homeostasis for Biofortification: From Model Plants to Common Wheat. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E9280. [PMID: 33291360 PMCID: PMC7730113 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The micronutrients iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) are not only essential for plant survival and proliferation but are crucial for human health. Increasing Fe and Zn levels in edible parts of plants, known as biofortification, is seen a sustainable approach to alleviate micronutrient deficiency in humans. Wheat, as one of the leading staple foods worldwide, is recognized as a prioritized choice for Fe and Zn biofortification. However, to date, limited molecular and physiological mechanisms have been elucidated for Fe and Zn homeostasis in wheat. The expanding molecular understanding of Fe and Zn homeostasis in model plants is providing invaluable resources to biofortify wheat. Recent advancements in NGS (next generation sequencing) technologies coupled with improved wheat genome assembly and high-throughput genotyping platforms have initiated a revolution in resources and approaches for wheat genetic investigations and breeding. Here, we summarize molecular processes and genes involved in Fe and Zn homeostasis in the model plants Arabidopsis and rice, identify their orthologs in the wheat genome, and relate them to known wheat Fe/Zn QTL (quantitative trait locus/loci) based on physical positions. The current study provides the first inventory of the genes regulating grain Fe and Zn homeostasis in wheat, which will benefit gene discovery and breeding, and thereby accelerate the release of Fe- and Zn-enriched wheats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyang Tong
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China; (J.T.); (M.S.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.); (M.L.); (X.X.)
| | - Mengjing Sun
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China; (J.T.); (M.S.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.); (M.L.); (X.X.)
| | - Yue Wang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China; (J.T.); (M.S.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.); (M.L.); (X.X.)
| | - Yong Zhang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China; (J.T.); (M.S.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.); (M.L.); (X.X.)
| | - Awais Rasheed
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) China Office, c/o CAAS, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China;
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Ming Li
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China; (J.T.); (M.S.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.); (M.L.); (X.X.)
| | - Xianchun Xia
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China; (J.T.); (M.S.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.); (M.L.); (X.X.)
| | - Zhonghu He
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China; (J.T.); (M.S.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.); (M.L.); (X.X.)
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) China Office, c/o CAAS, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China;
| | - Yuanfeng Hao
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China; (J.T.); (M.S.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.); (M.L.); (X.X.)
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30
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Li CX, Yan JY, Ren JY, Sun L, Xu C, Li GX, Ding ZJ, Zheng SJ. A WRKY transcription factor confers aluminum tolerance via regulation of cell wall modifying genes. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 62:1176-1192. [PMID: 31729146 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.12888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Modification of cell wall properties has been considered as one of the determinants that confer aluminum (Al) tolerance in plants, while how cell wall modifying processes are regulated remains elusive. Here, we present a WRKY transcription factor WRKY47 involved in Al tolerance and root growth. Lack of WRKY47 significantly reduces, while overexpression of it increases Al tolerance. We show that lack of WRKY47 substantially affects subcellular Al distribution in the root, with Al content decreased in apoplast and increased in symplast, which is attributed to the reduced cell wall Al-binding capacity conferred by the decreased content of hemicellulose I in the wrky47-1 mutant. Based on microarray, real time-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays, we further show that WRKY47 directly regulates the expression of EXTENSIN-LIKE PROTEIN (ELP) and XYLOGLUCAN ENDOTRANSGLUCOSYLASE-HYDROLASES17 (XTH17) responsible for cell wall modification. Increasing the expression of ELP and XTH17 rescued Al tolerance as well as root growth in wrky47-1 mutant. In summary, our results demonstrate that WRKY47 is required for root growth under both normal and Al stress conditions via direct regulation of cell wall modification genes, and that the balance of Al distribution between root apoplast and symplast conferred by WRKY47 is important for Al tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Xiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jing Ying Yan
- Agricultural Experiment Station, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jiang Yuan Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Li Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Chen Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Gui Xin Li
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhong Jie Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Shao Jian Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
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31
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Shi K, Liu X, Zhu Y, Bai Y, Shan D, Zheng X, Wang L, Zhang H, Wang C, Yan T, Zhou F, Hu Z, Sun Y, Guo Y, Kong J. MdWRKY11 improves copper tolerance by directly promoting the expression of the copper transporter gene MdHMA5. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2020; 7:105. [PMID: 32637133 PMCID: PMC7327004 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-020-0326-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Overuse of fungicides and fertilizers has resulted in copper (Cu) contamination of soils and toxic levels of Cu in apple fruits. To breed Cu-resistant apple (Malus domestica) cultivars, the underlying molecular mechanisms and key genes involved in Cu resistance must be identified. Here, we show that MdWRKY11 increases Cu tolerance by directly promoting the transcription of MdHMA5. MdHMA5 is a Cu transporter that may function in the storage of excess Cu in root cell walls and stems for Cu tolerance in apple. The transcription factor MdWRKY11 is highly induced by excess Cu. MdWRKY11 overexpression in transgenic apple enhanced Cu tolerance and decreased Cu accumulation. Apple calli transformed with an MdWRKY11-RNAi construct exhibited the opposite phenotype. Both an in vivo chromatin immunoprecipitation assay and an in vitro electrophoretic mobility shift assay indicated that MdWRKY11 binds to the promoter of MdHMA5. Furthermore, MdWRKY11 promoted MdHMA5 expression in transgenic apple plants, as revealed by quantitative PCR. Moreover, inhibition of MdWRKY11 expression by RNA interference led to a significant decrease in MdHMA5 transcription. Thus, MdWRKY11 directly regulates MdHMA5 transcription. Our work resulted in the identification of a novel MdWRKY11-MdHMA5 pathway that mediates Cu resistance in apple.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Shi
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Xuan Liu
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Yunpeng Zhu
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Yixue Bai
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Dongqian Shan
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Xiaodong Zheng
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Lin Wang
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Haixia Zhang
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Chanyu Wang
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Tianci Yan
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Fangfang Zhou
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Zehui Hu
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Yanzhao Sun
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Yan Guo
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Jin Kong
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
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Feng Y, Cui R, Wang S, He M, Hua Y, Shi L, Ye X, Xu F. Transcription factor BnaA9.WRKY47 contributes to the adaptation of Brassica napus to low boron stress by up-regulating the boric acid channel gene BnaA3.NIP5;1. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2020; 18:1241-1254. [PMID: 31705705 PMCID: PMC7152615 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Boron (B) deficiency is one of the major causes of growth inhibition and yield reduction in Brassica napus (B. napus). However, the molecular mechanisms of low B adaptation in B. napus are largely unknown. Here, fifty-one BnaWRKY transcription factors were identified as responsive to B deficiency in B. napus, in which BnaAn.WRKY26, BnaA9.WRKY47, BnaA1.WKRY53 and BnaCn.WRKY57 were tested in yeast one-hybrid assays and showed strong binding activity with conserved sequences containing a W box in the promoters of the B transport-related genes BnaNIP5;1s and BnaBOR1s. Green fluorescent protein fused to the target protein demonstrated the nuclear localization of BnaA9.WRKY47. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout lines of BnaA9.WRKY47 in B. napus had increased sensitivity to low B and lower contents of B than wild-type plants. In contrast, overexpression of BnaA9.WRKY47 enhanced the adaptation to low B with higher B contents in tissues than in wild-type plants. Consistent with the phenotypic response and B accumulation in these transgenic lines, the transcription activity of BnaA3.NIP5;1, a B efficiency candidate gene, was decreased in the knockout lines but was significantly increased in the overexpressing lines under low B conditions. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays, transient expression experiments in tobacco and in situ hybridizations showed that BnaA9.WRKY47 directly activated BnaA3.NIP5;1 expression through binding to the specific cis-element. Taken together, our findings support BnaWRKYs as new participants in response to low B, and BnaA9.WRKY47 contributes to the adaptation of B. napus to B deficiency through up-regulating BnaA3.NIP5;1 expression to facilitate efficient B uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingna Feng
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementMicroelement Research CentreHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Rui Cui
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementMicroelement Research CentreHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Sheliang Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementMicroelement Research CentreHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Mingliang He
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementMicroelement Research CentreHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Yingpeng Hua
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementMicroelement Research CentreHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Lei Shi
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementMicroelement Research CentreHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Xiangsheng Ye
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementMicroelement Research CentreHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Fangsen Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementMicroelement Research CentreHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
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O'Rourke JA, McCabe CE, Graham MA. Dynamic gene expression changes in response to micronutrient, macronutrient, and multiple stress exposures in soybean. Funct Integr Genomics 2020; 20:321-341. [PMID: 31655948 PMCID: PMC7152590 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-019-00709-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Preserving crop yield is critical for US soybean production and the global economy. Crop species have been selected for increased yield for thousands of years with individual lines selected for improved performance in unique environments, constraints not experienced by model species such as Arabidopsis. This selection likely resulted in novel stress adaptations, unique to crop species. Given that iron deficiency is a perennial problem in the soybean growing regions of the USA and phosphate deficiency looms as a limitation to global agricultural production, nutrient stress studies in crop species are critically important. In this study, we directly compared whole-genome expression responses of leaves and roots to iron (Fe) and phosphate (Pi) deficiency, representing a micronutrient and macronutrient, respectively. Conducting experiments side by side, we observed soybean responds to both nutrient deficiencies within 24 h. While soybean responds largely to -Fe deficiency, it responds strongly to Pi resupply. Though the timing of the responses was different, both nutrient stress signals used the same molecular pathways. Our study is the first to demonstrate the speed and diversity of the soybean stress response to multiple nutrient deficiencies. We also designed the study to examine gene expression changes in response to multiple stress events. We identified 865 and 3375 genes that either altered their direction of expression after a second stress exposure or were only differentially expressed after a second stress event. Understanding the molecular underpinnings of these responses in crop species could have major implications for improving stress tolerance and preserving yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie A O'Rourke
- Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
- Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, 1567 Agronomy Hall, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
| | - Chantal E McCabe
- Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Michelle A Graham
- Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
- Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, 1567 Agronomy Hall, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
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Schwarz B, Azodi CB, Shiu SH, Bauer P. Putative cis-Regulatory Elements Predict Iron Deficiency Responses in Arabidopsis Roots. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 182:1420-1439. [PMID: 31937681 PMCID: PMC7054882 DOI: 10.1104/pp.19.00760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Plant iron deficiency (-Fe) activates a complex regulatory network that coordinates root Fe uptake and distribution to sink tissues. In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), FER-LIKE FE DEFICIENCY-INDUCED TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR (FIT), a basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor (TF), regulates root Fe acquisition genes. Many other -Fe-induced genes are FIT independent, and instead regulated by other bHLH TFs and by yet unknown TFs. The cis-regulatory code, that is, the cis-regulatory elements (CREs) and their combinations that regulate plant -Fe-responses, remains largely elusive. Using Arabidopsis root transcriptome data and coexpression clustering, we identified over 100 putative CREs (pCREs) that predicted -Fe-induced gene expression in computational models. To assess pCRE properties and possible functions, we used large-scale in vitro TF binding data, positional bias, and evolutionary conservation. As one example, our approach uncovered pCREs resembling IDE1 (iron deficiency-responsive element 1), a known grass -Fe response CRE. Arabidopsis IDE1-likes were associated with FIT-dependent gene expression, more specifically with biosynthesis of Fe-chelating compounds. Thus, IDE1 seems to be conserved in grass and nongrass species. Our pCREs matched among others in vitro binding sites of B3, NAC, bZIP, and TCP TFs, which might be regulators of -Fe responses. Altogether, our findings provide a comprehensive source of cis-regulatory information for -Fe-responsive genes that advance our mechanistic understanding and inform future efforts in engineering plants with more efficient Fe uptake or transport systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birte Schwarz
- Institute of Botany, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf 40225 Germany
| | - Christina B Azodi
- Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
- DOE-Great Lake Bioenergy Research Center, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - Shin-Han Shiu
- Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
- DOE-Great Lake Bioenergy Research Center, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
- Department of Computational, Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - Petra Bauer
- Institute of Botany, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf 40225 Germany
- Cluster of Excellence on Plant Science (CEPLAS), Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf 40225 Germany
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Assefa T, Zhang J, Chowda-Reddy RV, Moran Lauter AN, Singh A, O’Rourke JA, Graham MA, Singh AK. Deconstructing the genetic architecture of iron deficiency chlorosis in soybean using genome-wide approaches. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:42. [PMID: 31992198 PMCID: PMC6988307 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-2237-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Iron (Fe) is an essential micronutrient for plant growth and development. Iron deficiency chlorosis (IDC), caused by calcareous soils or high soil pH, can limit iron availability, negatively affecting soybean (Glycine max) yield. This study leverages genome-wide association study (GWAS) and a genome-wide epistatic study (GWES) with previous gene expression studies to identify regions of the soybean genome important in iron deficiency tolerance. RESULTS A GWAS and a GWES were performed using 460 diverse soybean PI lines from 27 countries, in field and hydroponic iron stress conditions, using more than 36,000 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. Combining this approach with available RNA-sequencing data identified significant markers, genomic regions, and novel genes associated with or responding to iron deficiency. Sixty-nine genomic regions associated with IDC tolerance were identified across 19 chromosomes via the GWAS, including the major-effect quantitative trait locus (QTL) on chromosome Gm03. Cluster analysis of significant SNPs in this region deconstructed this historically prominent QTL into four distinct linkage blocks, enabling the identification of multiple candidate genes for iron chlorosis tolerance. The complementary GWES identified SNPs in this region interacting with nine other genomic regions, providing the first evidence of epistatic interactions impacting iron deficiency tolerance. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that integrating cutting edge genome wide association (GWA), genome wide epistasis (GWE), and gene expression studies is a powerful strategy to identify novel iron tolerance QTL and candidate loci from diverse germplasm. Crops, unlike model species, have undergone selection for thousands of years, constraining and/or enhancing stress responses. Leveraging genomics-enabled approaches to study these adaptations is essential for future crop improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teshale Assefa
- Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA USA
| | - Jiaoping Zhang
- Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA USA
| | | | - Adrienne N. Moran Lauter
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research Unit and Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA USA
| | - Arti Singh
- Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA USA
| | - Jamie A. O’Rourke
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research Unit and Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA USA
| | - Michelle A. Graham
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research Unit and Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA USA
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Chen X, Li C, Wang H, Guo Z. WRKY transcription factors: evolution, binding, and action. PHYTOPATHOLOGY RESEARCH 2019; 1:13. [PMID: 0 DOI: 10.1186/s42483-019-0022-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
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López-Bucio JS, Salmerón-Barrera GJ, Ravelo-Ortega G, Raya-González J, León P, de la Cruz HR, Campos-García J, López-Bucio J, Guevara-García ÁA. Mitogen-activated protein kinase 6 integrates phosphate and iron responses for indeterminate root growth in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANTA 2019; 250:1177-1189. [PMID: 31190117 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-019-03212-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
A MAPK module, of which MPK6 kinase is an important component, is involved in the coordination of the responses to Pi and Fe in the primary root meristem of Arabidopsis thaliana. Phosphate (Pi) deficiency induces determinate primary root growth in Arabidopsis through cessation of cell division in the meristem, which is linked to an increased iron (Fe) accumulation. Here, we show that Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase6 (MPK6) has a role in Arabidopsis primary root growth under low Pi stress. MPK6 activity is induced in roots in response to low Pi, and such induction is enhanced by Fe supplementation, suggesting an MPK6 role in coordinating Pi/Fe balance in mediating root growth. The differentiation of the root meristem induced by low Pi levels correlates with altered expression of auxin-inducible genes and auxin transporter levels via MPK6. Our results indicate a critical role of the MPK6 kinase in coordinating meristem cell activity to Pi and Fe availability for proper primary root growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Salvador López-Bucio
- CONACYT-Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, CP 58030, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico.
| | | | - Gustavo Ravelo-Ortega
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, CP 58030, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - Javier Raya-González
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, CP 58030, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - Patricia León
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CP 62250, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Homero Reyes de la Cruz
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, CP 58030, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - Jesús Campos-García
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, CP 58030, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - José López-Bucio
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, CP 58030, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
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Brumbarova T, Ivanov R. The Nutrient Response Transcriptional Regulome of Arabidopsis. iScience 2019; 19:358-368. [PMID: 31415997 PMCID: PMC6702435 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2019.07.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants respond actively to changes in their environment. Variations in nutrient availability elicit substantial transcriptional reprogramming, and we aimed to systematically describe these adjustments and identify the regulators responsible. Using gene coexpression analysis based on 13 different nutrient availability anomalies, we defined and analyzed nutrient stress response signatures. We identified known regulators and could predict functions in nutrient responses for transcriptional regulators previously associated with other processes, thus linking development and environmental interaction. Three of the identified transcriptional regulators, PIF4, HY5, and NF-Y, known from their role in light signaling, targeted a substantial part of the network and may participate in remodeling the global Arabidopsis transcriptome in response to variations of nutrient availability. We present gene coexpression and transcriptional regulation networks, which can be used as tools to further explore regulatory events and dependencies even by users with basic informatics skills. Gene coexpression analysis is a powerful tool for elucidating nutrient stress Nutrient stress elicits unique signatures of modular transcriptional response Master transcriptional regulators coordinate plant growth and nutrient utilization Analysis suggests PIF4, HY5, and the NF-Y to be master regulators
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzvetina Brumbarova
- Institute of Botany, Heinrich-Heine University, Universitätstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Rumen Ivanov
- Institute of Botany, Heinrich-Heine University, Universitätstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
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The Adaptive Mechanism of Plants to Iron Deficiency via Iron Uptake, Transport, and Homeostasis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20102424. [PMID: 31100819 PMCID: PMC6566170 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20102424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron is an essential element for plant growth and development. While abundant in soil, the available Fe in soil is limited. In this regard, plants have evolved a series of mechanisms for efficient iron uptake, allowing plants to better adapt to iron deficient conditions. These mechanisms include iron acquisition from soil, iron transport from roots to shoots, and iron storage in cells. The mobilization of Fe in plants often occurs via chelating with phytosiderophores, citrate, nicotianamine, mugineic acid, or in the form of free iron ions. Recent work further elucidates that these genes’ response to iron deficiency are tightly controlled at transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels to maintain iron homeostasis. Moreover, increasing evidences shed light on certain factors that are identified to be interconnected and integrated to adjust iron deficiency. In this review, we highlight the molecular and physiological bases of iron acquisition from soil to plants and transport mechanisms for tolerating iron deficiency in dicotyledonous plants and rice.
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40
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Gao F, Robe K, Gaymard F, Izquierdo E, Dubos C. The Transcriptional Control of Iron Homeostasis in Plants: A Tale of bHLH Transcription Factors? FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:6. [PMID: 30713541 PMCID: PMC6345679 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Iron is one of the most important micronutrients in plants as it is involved in many cellular functions (e.g., photosynthesis and respiration). Any defect in iron availability will affect plant growth and development as well as crop yield and plant product quality. Thus, iron homeostasis must be tightly controlled in order to ensure optimal absorption of this mineral element. Understanding mechanisms governing iron homeostasis in plants has been the focus of several studies during the past 10 years. These studies have greatly improved our understanding of the mechanisms involved, revealing a sophisticated iron-dependent transcriptional regulatory network. Strikingly, these studies have also highlighted that this regulatory web relies on the activity of numerous transcriptional regulators that belong to the same group of transcription factors (TF), the bHLH (basic helix-loop-helix) family. This is best exemplified in Arabidopsis where, to date, 16 bHLH TF have been characterized as involved in this process and acting in a complex regulatory cascade. Interestingly, among these bHLH TF some form specific clades, indicating that peculiar function dedicated to the maintenance of iron homeostasis, have emerged during the course of the evolution of the green lineage. Within this mini review, we present new insights on the control of iron homeostasis and the involvement of bHLH TF in this metabolic process.
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Wang FP, Wang XF, Zhang J, Ma F, Hao YJ. MdMYB58 Modulates Fe Homeostasis by Directly Binding to the MdMATE43 Promoter in Plants. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 59:2476-2489. [PMID: 30165667 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcy168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/11/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Nutrient element deprivation, such as iron (Fe) deficiency stress, is a major factor limiting plant survival and proliferation in marginal soils. To cope with a low Fe environment, plants have evolved elaborate mechanisms underlying Fe homeostasis via intricate transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation. Here, we characterized the Fe deficiency-inducible MYB transcription factor MdMYB58 in apple plants. Overexpressing MdMYB58 resulted in the accumulation of Fe in the root of transgenic Arabidopsis and apple calli when they were exposed to low Fe available conditions. Further investigation revealed that MdMYB58 bound to the promoter of MdMATE43, and its homolog FRD3 in Arabidopsis. Transient expression and stable transgenic assays in apple calli indicated that MdMYB58 transcriptionally repressed MdMATE43 mRNA, as well as FRD3 in Arabidopsis. Interestingly, AtMYB58, the homolog of MdMYB58, possessed higher binding activities to MdMATE43 and FRD3, which suggests a potentially conserved feature of MYB58 binding to MATE transporters in plants. Additionally, MYB-MATE-mediated regulation of Fe homeostasis may be related to the PYE-related Fe deficiency regulatory network via MdSAT1, a member of the IVa subfamily of bHLH transcription factors. Co-overexpression of MdSAT1 competitively weakened MdMYB58-overexpression induced repression of MdMATE43 transcript abundancy by protein-protein interaction. Taken together, the newly identified MYB-bHLH transcription factor expands our understanding of multilevel molecular mechanisms that plants use to coordinate Fe demand with Fe uptake, transport, and tissue partitioning under low Fe conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Pan Wang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shan-xi, China
| | - Xiao-Fei Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, National Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology, and College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-an, Shandong, China
| | - Jiucheng Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, National Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology, and College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-an, Shandong, China
| | - Fengwang Ma
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shan-xi, China
| | - Yu-Jin Hao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, National Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology, and College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-an, Shandong, China
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Ashraf MF, Yang S, Wu R, Wang Y, Hussain A, Noman A, Khan MI, Liu Z, Qiu A, Guan D, He S. Capsicum annuum HsfB2a Positively Regulates the Response to Ralstonia solanacearum Infection or High Temperature and High Humidity Forming Transcriptional Cascade with CaWRKY6 and CaWRKY40. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 59:2608-2623. [PMID: 30169791 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcy181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The responses of pepper (Capsicum annuum) plants to inoculation with the pathogenic bacterium Ralstonia solanacearum and to high-temperature-high-humidity (HTHH) conditions were previously found to be coordinated by the transcription factors CaWRKY6 and CaWRKY40; however, the underlying molecular mechanism was unclear. Herein, we identified and functionally characterized CaHsfB2a, a nuclear-localized heat shock factor involved in pepper immunity to R. solanacearum inoculation (RSI) and tolerance to HTHH. CaHsfB2a is transcriptionally induced in pepper plants by RSI or HTHH and by exogenous application of salicylic acid (SA), methyl jasmonate (MeJA), ethylene (ETH), or abscisic acid (ABA). Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) of CaHsfB2a significantly impaired pepper immunity to RSI, hampered HTHH tolerance, and curtailed expression of immunity- and thermotolerance-associated marker genes such as CaHIR1, CaNPR1, CaABR1, and CaHSP24. Likewise, transient overexpression of CaHsfB2a in pepper leaves induced hypersensitive response (HR)-like cell death and H2O2 accumulation and upregulated the above-mentioned marker genes as well as CaWRKY6 and CaWRKY40. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and microscale thermophoresis (MST) analysis revealed that CaHsfB2a bound the promoters of both CaWRKY6 and CaWRKY40. In a parallel experiment, we determined by ChIP-PCR and MST that CaHsfB2a was regulated directly by CaWRKY40 but indirectly by CaWRKY6. Cumulatively, our results suggest that CaHsfB2a positively regulates plant immunity against RSI and tolerance to HTHH, via transcriptional cascades and positive feedback loops involving CaWRKY6 and CaWRKY40.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Furqan Ashraf
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Sheng Yang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Ruijie Wu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yuzhu Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Ansar Hussain
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Ali Noman
- Department of Botany Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ifnan Khan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Zhiqin Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ailian Qiu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Deyi Guan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shuilin He
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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43
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Kailasam S, Wang Y, Lo JC, Chang HF, Yeh KC. S-Nitrosoglutathione works downstream of nitric oxide to mediate iron-deficiency signaling in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2018; 94:157-168. [PMID: 29396986 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) is essential for plant growth and development. Knowledge of Fe signaling, from the beginning of perception to activation of the uptake process, is critical for crop improvement. Here, by using chemical screening, we identified a small molecule 3-amino-N-(3-methylphenyl)thieno[2,3-b]pyridine-2-carboxamide named R7 ('R' denoting repressor of IRON-REGULATED TRANSPORTER 1), that modulates Fe homeostasis of Arabidopsis. R7 treatment led to reduced Fe levels in plants, thus causing severe chlorosis under Fe deficiency. Expression analysis of central transcription factors, FER-LIKE IRON DEFICIENCY INDUCED TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR (FIT) and subgroup Ib basic helix-loop-helix (Ib bHLH) genes bHLH38/39/100/101, revealed that R7 targets the FIT-dependent transcriptional pathway. Exogenously supplying S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO), but not other nitric oxide (NO) donors sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and S-nitroso-N-acetyl-dl-penicillamine (SANP), alleviated the inhibitory effects of R7 on Fe homeostasis. R7 did not inhibit cellular levels of NO or glutathione but decreased GSNO level in roots. We demonstrate that NO is involved in regulating not only the FIT transcriptional network but also the Ib bHLH networks. In addition, GSNO, from S-nitrosylation of glutathione, specifically mediates the Fe-starvation signal to FIT, which is distinct from the NO to Ib bHLH signal. Our work dissects the molecular connection between NO and the Fe-starvation response. We present a new signaling route whereby GSNO acts downstream of NO to trigger the Fe-deficiency response in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakthivel Kailasam
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
- Molecular and Biological Agricultural Sciences, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica and National Chung-Hsing University, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Ying Wang
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Chi Lo
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Fang Chang
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Chen Yeh
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
- Molecular and Biological Agricultural Sciences, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica and National Chung-Hsing University, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
- Biotechnology Center, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
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44
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Transcriptome analysis in leaves of rice (Oryza sativa) under high manganese stress. Biologia (Bratisl) 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/biolog-2017-0048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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45
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Kumar RK, Chu HH, Abundis C, Vasques K, Rodriguez DC, Chia JC, Huang R, Vatamaniuk OK, Walker EL. Iron-Nicotianamine Transporters Are Required for Proper Long Distance Iron Signaling. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 175:1254-1268. [PMID: 28894019 PMCID: PMC5664466 DOI: 10.1104/pp.17.00821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The mechanisms of root iron uptake and the transcriptional networks that control root-level regulation of iron uptake have been well studied, but the mechanisms by which shoots signal iron status to the roots remain opaque. Here, we characterize an Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) double mutant, yellow stripe1-like yellow stripe3-like (ysl1ysl3), which has lost the ability to properly regulate iron deficiency-influenced gene expression in both roots and shoots. In spite of markedly low tissue levels of iron, the double mutant does not up- and down-regulate iron deficiency-induced and -repressed genes. We have used grafting experiments to show that wild-type roots grafted to ysl1ysl3 shoots do not initiate iron deficiency-induced gene expression, indicating that the ysl1ysl3 shoots fail to send an appropriate long-distance signal of shoot iron status to the roots. We present a model to explain how impaired iron localization in leaf veins results in incorrect signals of iron sufficiency being sent to roots and affecting gene expression there. Improved understanding of the mechanism of long-distance iron signaling will allow improved strategies for the engineering of staple crops to accumulate additional bioavailable iron in edible parts, thus improving the iron nutrition of the billions of people worldwide whose inadequate diet causes iron deficiency anemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh K Kumar
- Plant Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | - Heng-Hsuan Chu
- Plant Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | - Celina Abundis
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | - Kenneth Vasques
- Plant Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | - David Chan Rodriguez
- Plant Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | - Ju-Chen Chia
- Soil and Crop Sciences Section, School of Integrative Plant Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853
| | - Rong Huang
- Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source, Ithaca, New York 14853
| | - Olena K Vatamaniuk
- Soil and Crop Sciences Section, School of Integrative Plant Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853
| | - Elsbeth L Walker
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
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46
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Chen L, Liao H. Engineering crop nutrient efficiency for sustainable agriculture. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2017; 59:710-735. [PMID: 28600834 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.12559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Increasing crop yields can provide food, animal feed, bioenergy feedstocks and biomaterials to meet increasing global demand; however, the methods used to increase yield can negatively affect sustainability. For example, application of excess fertilizer can generate and maintain high yields but also increases input costs and contributes to environmental damage through eutrophication, soil acidification and air pollution. Improving crop nutrient efficiency can improve agricultural sustainability by increasing yield while decreasing input costs and harmful environmental effects. Here, we review the mechanisms of nutrient efficiency (primarily for nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and iron) and breeding strategies for improving this trait, along with the role of regulation of gene expression in enhancing crop nutrient efficiency to increase yields. We focus on the importance of root system architecture to improve nutrient acquisition efficiency, as well as the contributions of mineral translocation, remobilization and metabolic efficiency to nutrient utilization efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Root Biology Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Hong Liao
- Root Biology Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
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47
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Connorton JM, Balk J, Rodríguez-Celma J. Iron homeostasis in plants - a brief overview. Metallomics 2017; 9:813-823. [PMID: 28686269 PMCID: PMC5708359 DOI: 10.1039/c7mt00136c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Iron plays a crucial role in biochemistry and is an essential micronutrient for plants and humans alike. Although plentiful in the Earth's crust it is not usually found in a form readily accessible for plants to use. They must therefore sense and interact with their environment, and have evolved two different molecular strategies to take up iron in the root. Once inside, iron is complexed with chelators and distributed to sink tissues where it is used predominantly in the production of enzyme cofactors or components of electron transport chains. The processes of iron uptake, distribution and metabolism are overseen by tight regulatory mechanisms, at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional level, to avoid iron concentrations building to toxic excess. Iron is also loaded into seeds, where it is stored in vacuoles or in ferritin. This is important for human nutrition as seeds form the edible parts of many crop species. As such, increasing iron in seeds and other tissues is a major goal for biofortification efforts by both traditional breeding and biotechnological approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- James M Connorton
- John Innes Centre and University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK.
| | - Janneke Balk
- John Innes Centre and University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK.
| | - Jorge Rodríguez-Celma
- John Innes Centre and University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK.
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48
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Balzergue C, Dartevelle T, Godon C, Laugier E, Meisrimler C, Teulon JM, Creff A, Bissler M, Brouchoud C, Hagège A, Müller J, Chiarenza S, Javot H, Becuwe-Linka N, David P, Péret B, Delannoy E, Thibaud MC, Armengaud J, Abel S, Pellequer JL, Nussaume L, Desnos T. Low phosphate activates STOP1-ALMT1 to rapidly inhibit root cell elongation. Nat Commun 2017; 8:15300. [PMID: 28504266 PMCID: PMC5440667 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental cues profoundly modulate cell proliferation and cell elongation to inform and direct plant growth and development. External phosphate (Pi) limitation inhibits primary root growth in many plant species. However, the underlying Pi sensory mechanisms are unknown. Here we genetically uncouple two Pi sensing pathways in the root apex of Arabidopsis thaliana. First, the rapid inhibition of cell elongation in the transition zone is controlled by transcription factor STOP1, by its direct target, ALMT1, encoding a malate channel, and by ferroxidase LPR1, which together mediate Fe and peroxidase-dependent cell wall stiffening. Second, during the subsequent slow inhibition of cell proliferation in the apical meristem, which is mediated by LPR1-dependent, but largely STOP1–ALMT1-independent, Fe and callose accumulate in the stem cell niche, leading to meristem reduction. Our work uncovers STOP1 and ALMT1 as a signalling pathway of low Pi availability and exuded malate as an unexpected apoplastic inhibitor of root cell wall expansion. Low Pi availability inhibits primary root growth, but the sensory mechanisms are not known. Here the authors uncover a signalling pathway regulating Pi-mediated root growth inhibition in Arabidopsis, involving the transcription factor STOP1, its direct target ALMT1, a malate channel, and ferroxidase LPR1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coline Balzergue
- Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement des Plantes, Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnology Aix-Marseille, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux énergies alternatives, Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance 13108, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7265 Biol. Végét. &Microbiol. Environ., Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France.,Aix-Marseille Université, UMR 7265, Marseille, France
| | - Thibault Dartevelle
- Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement des Plantes, Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnology Aix-Marseille, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux énergies alternatives, Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance 13108, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7265 Biol. Végét. &Microbiol. Environ., Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France.,Aix-Marseille Université, UMR 7265, Marseille, France
| | - Christian Godon
- Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement des Plantes, Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnology Aix-Marseille, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux énergies alternatives, Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance 13108, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7265 Biol. Végét. &Microbiol. Environ., Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France.,Aix-Marseille Université, UMR 7265, Marseille, France
| | - Edith Laugier
- Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement des Plantes, Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnology Aix-Marseille, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux énergies alternatives, Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance 13108, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7265 Biol. Végét. &Microbiol. Environ., Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France.,Aix-Marseille Université, UMR 7265, Marseille, France
| | - Claudia Meisrimler
- Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement des Plantes, Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnology Aix-Marseille, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux énergies alternatives, Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance 13108, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7265 Biol. Végét. &Microbiol. Environ., Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France.,Aix-Marseille Université, UMR 7265, Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Marie Teulon
- CNRS, IBS, Grenoble F-38044, France.,CEA, IBS, Grenoble F-38044, France.,Université Grenoble Alpes, IBS, Grenoble F-38044, France
| | - Audrey Creff
- Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement des Plantes, Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnology Aix-Marseille, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux énergies alternatives, Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance 13108, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7265 Biol. Végét. &Microbiol. Environ., Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France.,Aix-Marseille Université, UMR 7265, Marseille, France
| | - Marie Bissler
- Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement des Plantes, Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnology Aix-Marseille, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux énergies alternatives, Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance 13108, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7265 Biol. Végét. &Microbiol. Environ., Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France.,Aix-Marseille Université, UMR 7265, Marseille, France
| | - Corinne Brouchoud
- Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement des Plantes, Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnology Aix-Marseille, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux énergies alternatives, Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance 13108, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7265 Biol. Végét. &Microbiol. Environ., Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France.,Aix-Marseille Université, UMR 7265, Marseille, France
| | - Agnès Hagège
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux énergies alternatives, Service de Biologie et de Toxicologie Nucléaire, Laboratoire d'Etude des Protéines Cibles, 30200 Bagnols sur Cèze, France
| | - Jens Müller
- Department of Molecular Signal Processing, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Halle (Saale) 06120, Germany
| | - Serge Chiarenza
- Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement des Plantes, Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnology Aix-Marseille, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux énergies alternatives, Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance 13108, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7265 Biol. Végét. &Microbiol. Environ., Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France.,Aix-Marseille Université, UMR 7265, Marseille, France
| | - Hélène Javot
- Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement des Plantes, Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnology Aix-Marseille, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux énergies alternatives, Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance 13108, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7265 Biol. Végét. &Microbiol. Environ., Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France.,Aix-Marseille Université, UMR 7265, Marseille, France
| | - Noëlle Becuwe-Linka
- Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement des Plantes, Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnology Aix-Marseille, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux énergies alternatives, Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance 13108, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7265 Biol. Végét. &Microbiol. Environ., Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France.,Aix-Marseille Université, UMR 7265, Marseille, France
| | - Pascale David
- Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement des Plantes, Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnology Aix-Marseille, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux énergies alternatives, Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance 13108, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7265 Biol. Végét. &Microbiol. Environ., Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France.,Aix-Marseille Université, UMR 7265, Marseille, France
| | - Benjamin Péret
- Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement des Plantes, Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnology Aix-Marseille, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux énergies alternatives, Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance 13108, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7265 Biol. Végét. &Microbiol. Environ., Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France.,Aix-Marseille Université, UMR 7265, Marseille, France
| | - Etienne Delannoy
- Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement des Plantes, Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnology Aix-Marseille, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux énergies alternatives, Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance 13108, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7265 Biol. Végét. &Microbiol. Environ., Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France.,Aix-Marseille Université, UMR 7265, Marseille, France
| | - Marie-Christine Thibaud
- Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement des Plantes, Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnology Aix-Marseille, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux énergies alternatives, Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance 13108, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7265 Biol. Végét. &Microbiol. Environ., Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France.,Aix-Marseille Université, UMR 7265, Marseille, France
| | - Jean Armengaud
- CEA, DRF, JOLIOT/DMTS/SPI/Li2D, Laboratory 'Innovative Technologies for Detection and Diagnostics', Bagnols-sur-Cèze F-30200, France
| | - Steffen Abel
- Department of Molecular Signal Processing, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Halle (Saale) 06120, Germany
| | - Jean-Luc Pellequer
- CNRS, IBS, Grenoble F-38044, France.,CEA, IBS, Grenoble F-38044, France.,Université Grenoble Alpes, IBS, Grenoble F-38044, France
| | - Laurent Nussaume
- Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement des Plantes, Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnology Aix-Marseille, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux énergies alternatives, Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance 13108, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7265 Biol. Végét. &Microbiol. Environ., Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France.,Aix-Marseille Université, UMR 7265, Marseille, France
| | - Thierry Desnos
- Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement des Plantes, Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnology Aix-Marseille, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux énergies alternatives, Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance 13108, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7265 Biol. Végét. &Microbiol. Environ., Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France.,Aix-Marseille Université, UMR 7265, Marseille, France
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