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Liu HW, Urzica EI, Gallaher SD, Schmollinger S, Blaby-Haas CE, Iwai M, Merchant SS. Chlamydomonas cells transition through distinct Fe nutrition stages within 48 h of transfer to Fe-free medium. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2024:10.1007/s11120-024-01103-8. [PMID: 39017982 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-024-01103-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Low iron (Fe) bioavailability can limit the biosynthesis of Fe-containing proteins, which are especially abundant in photosynthetic organisms, thus negatively affecting global primary productivity. Understanding cellular coping mechanisms under Fe limitation is therefore of great interest. We surveyed the temporal responses of Chlamydomonas (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii) cells transitioning from an Fe-rich to an Fe-free medium to document their short and long-term adjustments. While slower growth, chlorosis and lower photosynthetic parameters are evident only after one or more days in Fe-free medium, the abundance of some transcripts, such as those for genes encoding transporters and enzymes involved in Fe assimilation, change within minutes, before changes in intracellular Fe content are noticeable, suggestive of a sensitive mechanism for sensing Fe. Promoter reporter constructs indicate a transcriptional component to this immediate primary response. With acetate provided as a source of reduced carbon, transcripts encoding respiratory components are maintained relative to transcripts encoding components of photosynthesis and tetrapyrrole biosynthesis, indicating metabolic prioritization of respiration over photosynthesis. In contrast to the loss of chlorophyll, carotenoid content is maintained under Fe limitation despite a decrease in the transcripts for carotenoid biosynthesis genes, indicating carotenoid stability. These changes occur more slowly, only after the intracellular Fe quota responds, indicating a phased response in Chlamydomonas, involving both primary and secondary responses during acclimation to poor Fe nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen W Liu
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 99354, USA
| | - Eugen I Urzica
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Competence Network IBD, Hopfenstrasse 60, 24103, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sean D Gallaher
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences (QB3), University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Stefan Schmollinger
- California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences (QB3), University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Plant Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Crysten E Blaby-Haas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Masakazu Iwai
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Sabeeha S Merchant
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 99354, USA.
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
- California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences (QB3), University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.
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2
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Huang S, Yamaji N, Ma JF. Metal Transport Systems in Plants. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 75:1-25. [PMID: 38382903 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-062923-021424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Plants take up metals, including essential micronutrients [iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and manganese (Mn)] and the toxic heavy metal cadmium (Cd), from soil and accumulate these metals in their edible parts, which are direct and indirect intake sources for humans. Multiple transporters belonging to different families are required to transport a metal from the soil to different organs and tissues, but only a few of them have been fully functionally characterized. The transport systems (the transporters required for uptake, translocation, distribution, redistribution, and their regulation) differ with metals and plant species, depending on the physiological roles, requirements of each metal, and anatomies of different organs and tissues. To maintain metal homeostasis in response to spatiotemporal fluctuations of metals in soil, plants have developed sophisticated and tightly regulated mechanisms through the regulation of transporters at the transcriptional and/or posttranscriptional levels. The manipulation of some transporters has succeeded in generating crops rich in essential metals but low in Cd accumulation. A better understanding of metal transport systems will contribute to better and safer crop production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Huang
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Kurashiki, Japan; , ,
| | - Naoki Yamaji
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Kurashiki, Japan; , ,
| | - Jian Feng Ma
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Kurashiki, Japan; , ,
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Krämer U. Metal Homeostasis in Land Plants: A Perpetual Balancing Act Beyond the Fulfilment of Metalloproteome Cofactor Demands. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 75:27-65. [PMID: 38277698 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-070623-105324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
One of life's decisive innovations was to harness the catalytic power of metals for cellular chemistry. With life's expansion, global atmospheric and biogeochemical cycles underwent dramatic changes. Although initially harmful, they permitted the evolution of multicellularity and the colonization of land. In land plants as primary producers, metal homeostasis faces heightened demands, in part because soil is a challenging environment for nutrient balancing. To avoid both nutrient metal limitation and metal toxicity, plants must maintain the homeostasis of metals within tighter limits than the homeostasis of other minerals. This review describes the present model of protein metalation and sketches its transfer from unicellular organisms to land plants as complex multicellular organisms. The inseparable connection between metal and redox homeostasis increasingly draws our attention to more general regulatory roles of metals. Mineral co-option, the use of nutrient or other metals for functions other than nutrition, is an emerging concept beyond that of nutritional immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ute Krämer
- Molecular Genetics and Physiology of Plants, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany;
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4
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Xu E, Liu Y, Gu D, Zhan X, Li J, Zhou K, Zhang P, Zou Y. Molecular Mechanisms of Plant Responses to Copper: From Deficiency to Excess. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6993. [PMID: 39000099 PMCID: PMC11240974 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25136993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is an essential nutrient for plant growth and development. This metal serves as a constituent element or enzyme cofactor that participates in many biochemical pathways and plays a key role in photosynthesis, respiration, ethylene sensing, and antioxidant systems. The physiological significance of Cu uptake and compartmentalization in plants has been underestimated, despite the importance of Cu in cellular metabolic processes. As a micronutrient, Cu has low cellular requirements in plants. However, its bioavailability may be significantly reduced in alkaline or organic matter-rich soils. Cu deficiency is a severe and widespread nutritional disorder that affects plants. In contrast, excessive levels of available Cu in soil can inhibit plant photosynthesis and induce cellular oxidative stress. This can affect plant productivity and potentially pose serious health risks to humans via bioaccumulation in the food chain. Plants have evolved mechanisms to strictly regulate Cu uptake, transport, and cellular homeostasis during long-term environmental adaptation. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the diverse functions of Cu chelators, chaperones, and transporters involved in Cu homeostasis and their regulatory mechanisms in plant responses to varying Cu availability conditions. Finally, we identified that future research needs to enhance our understanding of the mechanisms regulating Cu deficiency or stress in plants. This will pave the way for improving the Cu utilization efficiency and/or Cu tolerance of crops grown in alkaline or Cu-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ending Xu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Rice Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Improvement, Rice Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Dongfang Gu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Rice Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Improvement, Rice Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Xinchun Zhan
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Rice Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Improvement, Rice Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Jiyu Li
- Institute of Horticultural Research, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Kunneng Zhou
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Rice Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Improvement, Rice Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Peijiang Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Rice Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Improvement, Rice Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Yu Zou
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Rice Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Improvement, Rice Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
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Lilay GH, Thiébaut N, du Mee D, Assunção AGL, Schjoerring JK, Husted S, Persson DP. Linking the key physiological functions of essential micronutrients to their deficiency symptoms in plants. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 242:881-902. [PMID: 38433319 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
In this review, we untangle the physiological key functions of the essential micronutrients and link them to the deficiency responses in plants. Knowledge of these responses at the mechanistic level, and the resulting deficiency symptoms, have improved over the last decade and it appears timely to review recent insights for each of them. A proper understanding of the links between function and symptom is indispensable for an accurate and timely identification of nutritional disorders, thereby informing the design and development of sustainable fertilization strategies. Similarly, improved knowledge of the molecular and physiological functions of micronutrients will be important for breeding programmes aiming to develop new crop genotypes with improved nutrient-use efficiency and resilience in the face of changing soil and climate conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grmay Hailu Lilay
- Plant and Soil Science Section, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, Frederiksberg C, 1871, Denmark
| | - Noémie Thiébaut
- Plant and Soil Science Section, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, Frederiksberg C, 1871, Denmark
- Earth and Life Institute, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, 1348, Belgium
| | - Dorine du Mee
- Plant and Soil Science Section, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, Frederiksberg C, 1871, Denmark
| | - Ana G L Assunção
- CIBIO-InBIO, Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, University of Porto, Vairão, 4485-661, Portugal
| | - Jan Kofod Schjoerring
- Plant and Soil Science Section, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, Frederiksberg C, 1871, Denmark
| | - Søren Husted
- Plant and Soil Science Section, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, Frederiksberg C, 1871, Denmark
| | - Daniel Pergament Persson
- Plant and Soil Science Section, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, Frederiksberg C, 1871, Denmark
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6
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Moy A, Nkongolo K. Decrypting Molecular Mechanisms Involved in Counteracting Copper and Nickel Toxicity in Jack Pine ( Pinus banksiana) Based on Transcriptomic Analysis. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1042. [PMID: 38611570 PMCID: PMC11013723 DOI: 10.3390/plants13071042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
The remediation of copper and nickel-afflicted sites is challenged by the different physiological effects imposed by each metal on a given plant system. Pinus banksiana is resilient against copper and nickel, providing an opportunity to build a valuable resource to investigate the responding gene expression toward each metal. The objectives of this study were to (1) extend the analysis of the Pinus banksiana transcriptome exposed to nickel and copper, (2) assess the differential gene expression in nickel-resistant compared to copper-resistant genotypes, and (3) identify mechanisms specific to each metal. The Illumina platform was used to sequence RNA that was extracted from seedlings treated with each of the metals. There were 449 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between copper-resistant genotypes (RGs) and nickel-resistant genotypes (RGs) at a high stringency cut-off, indicating a distinct pattern of gene expression toward each metal. For biological processes, 19.8% of DEGs were associated with the DNA metabolic process, followed by the response to stress (13.15%) and the response to chemicals (8.59%). For metabolic function, 27.9% of DEGs were associated with nuclease activity, followed by nucleotide binding (27.64%) and kinase activity (10.16%). Overall, 21.49% of DEGs were localized to the plasma membrane, followed by the cytosol (16.26%) and chloroplast (12.43%). Annotation of the top upregulated genes in copper RG compared to nickel RG identified genes and mechanisms that were specific to copper and not to nickel. NtPDR, AtHIPP10, and YSL1 were identified as genes associated with copper resistance. Various genes related to cell wall metabolism were identified, and they included genes encoding for HCT, CslE6, MPG, and polygalacturonase. Annotation of the top downregulated genes in copper RG compared to nickel RG revealed genes and mechanisms that were specific to nickel and not copper. Various regulatory and signaling-related genes associated with the stress response were identified. They included UGT, TIFY, ACC, dirigent protein, peroxidase, and glyoxyalase I. Additional research is needed to determine the specific functions of signaling and stress response mechanisms in nickel-resistant plants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kabwe Nkongolo
- Biomolecular Sciences Program, Department of Biology, School of Natural Sciences, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada;
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7
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Penzler JF, Naranjo B, Walz S, Marino G, Kleine T, Leister D. A pgr5 suppressor screen uncovers two distinct suppression mechanisms and links cytochrome b6f complex stability to PGR5. THE PLANT CELL 2024:koae098. [PMID: 38781425 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koae098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
PROTON GRADIENT REGULATION5 (PGR5) is thought to promote cyclic electron flow, and its deficiency impairs photosynthetic control and increases photosensitivity of photosystem (PS) I, leading to seedling lethality under fluctuating light (FL). By screening for Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) suppressor mutations that rescue the seedling lethality of pgr5 plants under FL, we identified a portfolio of mutations in 12 different genes. These mutations affect either PSII function, cytochrome b6f (cyt b6f) assembly, plastocyanin (PC) accumulation, the CHLOROPLAST FRUCTOSE-1,6-BISPHOSPHATASE1 (cFBP1), or its negative regulator ATYPICAL CYS HIS-RICH THIOREDOXIN2 (ACHT2). The characterization of the mutants indicates that the recovery of viability can in most cases be explained by the restoration of PSI donor side limitation, which is caused by reduced electron flow to PSI due to defects in PSII, cyt b6f, or PC. Inactivation of cFBP1 or its negative regulator ACHT2 results in increased levels of the NADH dehydrogenase-like complex. This increased activity may be responsible for suppressing the pgr5 phenotype under FL conditions. Plants that lack both PGR5 and DE-ETIOLATION-INDUCED PROTEIN1 (DEIP1)/NEW TINY ALBINO1 (NTA1), previously thought to be essential for cyt b6f assembly, are viable and accumulate cyt b6f. We suggest that PGR5 can have a negative effect on the cyt b6f complex and that DEIP1/NTA1 can ameliorate this negative effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Ferdinand Penzler
- Plant Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried D-82152, Germany
| | - Belén Naranjo
- Plant Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried D-82152, Germany
| | - Sabrina Walz
- Plant Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried D-82152, Germany
| | - Giada Marino
- Plant Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried D-82152, Germany
| | - Tatjana Kleine
- Plant Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried D-82152, Germany
| | - Dario Leister
- Plant Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried D-82152, Germany
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8
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Luo T, Sheng Z, Chen M, Qin M, Tu Y, Khan MN, Khan Z, Liu L, Wang B, Kuai J, Wang J, Xu Z, Zhou G. Phytoremediation of copper-contaminated soils by rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) and underlying molecular mechanisms for copper absorption and sequestration. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 273:116123. [PMID: 38394754 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
High levels of copper released in the soil, mainly from anthropogenic activity, can be hazardous to plants, animals, and humans. The present research aimed to estimate the suitability and effectiveness of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) as a possible soil remediation option and to uncover underlying adaptive mechanisms A pot experiment was conducted to explore the effect of copper stress on agronomic and yield traits for 32 rapeseed genotypes. The copper-tolerant genotype H2009 and copper-sensitive genotype ZYZ16 were selected for further physiological, metabolomic, and transcriptomic analyses. The results exhibited a significant genotypic variation in copper stress tolerance in rapeseed. Specifically, the ratio of seed yield under copper stress to control ranged from 0.29 to 0.74. Furthermore, the proline content and antioxidant enzymatic activities in the roots were greater than those in the shoots. The accumulated copper in the roots accounted for about 50% of the total amount absorbed by plants; thus, the genotypes possessing high root volumes can be used for rhizofiltration to uptake and sequester copper. Additionally, the pectin and hemicellulose contents were significantly increased by 15.6% and 162%, respectively, under copper stress for the copper-tolerant genotype, allowing for greater sequestration of copper ions in the cell wall and lower oxidative stress. Comparative analysis of transcriptomes and metabolomes revealed that excessive copper enhanced the up-regulation of functional genes or metabolites related to cell wall binding, copper transportation, and chelation in the copper-tolerant genotype. Our results suggest that copper-tolerant rapeseed can thrive in heavily copper-polluted soils with a 5.85% remediation efficiency as well as produce seed and vegetable oil without exceeding food quality standards for the industry. This multi-omics comparison study provides insights into breeding copper-tolerant genotypes that can be used for the phytoremediation of heavy metal-polluted soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Luo
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Ziwei Sheng
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Min Chen
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Mengqian Qin
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Yechun Tu
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Mohammad Nauman Khan
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Zaid Khan
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Lijun Liu
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Bo Wang
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Jie Kuai
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Jing Wang
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Zhenghua Xu
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China.
| | - Guangsheng Zhou
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
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9
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Zhang LD, Song LY, Dai MJ, Liu JY, Li J, Xu CQ, Guo ZJ, Song SW, Liu JW, Zhu XY, Zheng HL. Inventory of cadmium-transporter genes in the root of mangrove plant Avicennia marina under cadmium stress. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 459:132321. [PMID: 37597395 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
Mangrove Avicennia marina has the importantly potential for cadmium (Cd) pollution remediation in coastal wetlands. Unfortunately, the molecular mechanisms and transporter members for Cd uptake by the roots of A. marina are not well documented. In this study, photosynthetic and phenotypic analysis indicated that A. marina is particularly tolerant to Cd. The content and flux analysis indicated that Cd is mainly retained in the roots, with greater Cd influx in fine roots than that in coarse roots, and higher Cd influx in the root meristem zone as well. Using transcriptomic analysis, a total of 5238 differentially expressed genes were identified between the Cd treatment and control group. Moreover, we found that 54 genes were responsible for inorganic ion transport. Among these genes, AmHMA2, AmIRT1, and AmPCR2 were localized in the plasma membrane and AmZIP1 was localized in both plasma membrane and cytoplasm. All above gene encoding transporters showed significant Cd transport activities using function assay in yeast cells. In addition, the overexpression of AmZIP1 or AmPCR2 in Arabidopsis improved the Cd tolerance of transgenic plants. This is particularly significant as it provides insight into the molecular mechanism for Cd uptake by the roots of mangrove plants and a theoretical basis for coastal wetland phytoremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Dan Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Wetland Ecosystem Research of MOE, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, PR China
| | - Ling-Yu Song
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Wetland Ecosystem Research of MOE, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, PR China
| | - Ming-Jin Dai
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Wetland Ecosystem Research of MOE, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, PR China
| | - Jin-Yu Liu
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Wetland Ecosystem Research of MOE, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, PR China
| | - Jing Li
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Wetland Ecosystem Research of MOE, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, PR China
| | - Chao-Qun Xu
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Wetland Ecosystem Research of MOE, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, PR China
| | - Ze-Jun Guo
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Wetland Ecosystem Research of MOE, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, PR China
| | - Shi-Wei Song
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Wetland Ecosystem Research of MOE, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, PR China
| | - Jing-Wen Liu
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Wetland Ecosystem Research of MOE, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, PR China
| | - Xue-Yi Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Wetland Ecosystem Research of MOE, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, PR China
| | - Hai-Lei Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Wetland Ecosystem Research of MOE, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, PR China.
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10
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Zou Y, Xu E, Fan Y, Zhang P, Zhang W, Chen X. OsPML2, a chloroplast envelope localized transporter is involved in manganese homeostasis in rice. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 203:108054. [PMID: 37757723 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn), a vital element, plays crucial roles in various biochemical and physiological processes by serving as an essential cofactor for numerous enzymes and acting as a catalytically active metal within biological clusters. In this study, we investigate the role of PHOTOSYNTHESIS-AFFECTED MUTANT 71-LIKE 2 (OsPML2), a member of the UNCHARACTERIZED PROTEIN FAMILY 0016 (UPF0016) family, in regulating Mn homeostasis in rice. OsPML2 was highly expressed in young leaves, ovaries, and stigmas. Cross sections from young leaves revealed that OsPML2 was mainly expressed in the phloem region and mesophyll cells. Furthermore, heterologous expression of OsPML2 restored the growth of Mn uptake-defective yeast strain Δsmf1 under Mn-limited conditions. Subcellular localization analysis demonstrated that OsPML2 was specifically localized in the chloroplast envelope. Knockdown of OsPML2 resulted in reduced chloroplast Mn content, significantly affecting plant growth under Mn deficiency. Furthermore, analysis of isolated thylakoid membranes using blue native gels indicated a compromised accumulation of photosystem II (PSII) complexes in OsPML2 knockdown lines. Additionally, grain yield, grain length, and width were significantly reduced in OsPML2 knockdown plants. Collectively, our findings provide insights into the transport function of OsPML2, which facilitates Mn transport from the cytosol to chloroplast stroma and influences the accumulation of PSII complexes in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zou
- Rice Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, China
| | - Ending Xu
- Rice Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, China; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - Ye Fan
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - Peijiang Zhang
- Rice Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China.
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China.
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11
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Hu Y, Ji J, Cheng H, Luo R, Zhang J, Li W, Wang X, Zhang J, Yao Y. The miR408a-BBP-LAC3/CSD1 module regulates anthocyanin biosynthesis mediated by crosstalk between copper homeostasis and ROS homeostasis during light induction in Malus plants. J Adv Res 2023; 51:27-44. [PMID: 36371057 PMCID: PMC10491975 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2022.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The expression of miR408 is affected by copper (Cu) conditions and positively regulates anthocyanin biosynthesis in Arabidopsis. However, the underlying mechanisms by which miR408 regulates anthocyanin biosynthesis mediated by Cu homeostasis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis remain unclear in Malus plants. OBJECTIVES Our study aims to elucidate how miR408a and its target, basic blue protein (BBP) regulate Cu homeostasis and ROS homeostasis, and anthocyanin biosynthesis in Malus plants. METHODS The roles of miR408a and its target BBP in regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis, Cu homeostasis, and ROS homeostasis were mainly identified in Malus plants. RESULTS We found that the BBP protein interacted with the copper-binding proteins LAC3 (laccase) and CSD1 (Cu/Zn SOD superoxide dismutase), indicating a potential crosstalk between Cu homeostasis and ROS homeostasis might be mediated by miR408 to regulate the anthocyanin accumulation. Further studies showed that overexpressing miR408a or suppressing BBP transiently significantly increased the expression of genes related to Cu binding and Cu transport, leading to anthocyanin accumulation under light induction in apple fruit and Malus plantlets. Consistently, opposite results were obtained when repressing miR408a or overexpressing BBP. Moreover, light induction significantly increased the expression of miR408a, CSD1, and LAC3, but significantly reduced the BBP expression, resulting in increased Cu content and anthocyanin accumulation. Furthermore, excessive Cu significantly increased the anthocyanin accumulation, accompanied by reduced expression of miR408a and Cu transport genes, and upregulated expression of Cu binding proteins including BBP, LAC3, and CSD1 to maintain the Cu homeostasis and ROS homeostasis in Malus plantlets. CONCLUSION Our findings provide new insights into the mechanism by which the miR408a-BBP-LAC3/CSD1 module perceives light and Cu signals regulating Cu and ROS homeostasis, ultimately affecting anthocyanin biosynthesis in Malus plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujing Hu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China; College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Jiayi Ji
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China; College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, Beijing 102206, China; Beijing Forestry University, China
| | - Hao Cheng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China; College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Rongli Luo
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China; College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China; College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Wenjing Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China; College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Xingsui Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China; College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China; College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Yuncong Yao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China; College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, Beijing 102206, China.
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12
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Chen X, Zhao Y, Zhong Y, Chen J, Qi X. Deciphering the functional roles of transporter proteins in subcellular metal transportation of plants. PLANTA 2023; 258:17. [PMID: 37314548 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04170-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION The role of transporters in subcellular metal transport is of great significance for plants in coping with heavy metal stress and maintaining their proper growth and development. Heavy metal toxicity is a serious long-term threat to plant growth and agricultural production, becoming a global environmental concern. Excessive heavy metal accumulation not only damages the biochemical and physiological functions of plants but also causes chronic health hazard to human beings through the food chain. To deal with heavy metal stress, plants have evolved a series of elaborate mechanisms, especially a variety of spatially distributed transporters, to strictly regulate heavy metal uptake and distribution. Deciphering the subcellular role of transporter proteins in controlling metal absorption, transport and separation is of great significance for understanding how plants cope with heavy metal stress and improving their adaptability to environmental changes. Hence, we herein introduce the detrimental effects of excessive common essential and non-essential heavy metals on plant growth, and describe the structural and functional characteristics of transporter family members, with a particular emphasis on their roles in maintaining heavy metal homeostasis in various organelles. Besides, we discuss the potential of controlling transporter gene expression by transgenic approaches in response to heavy metal stress. This review will be valuable to researchers and breeders for enhancing plant tolerance to heavy metal contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingqi Chen
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215011, China
| | - Yuanchun Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215011, China
| | - Yuqing Zhong
- Environmental Monitoring Station of Suzhou City, Suzhou, 215004, China
| | - Jiajia Chen
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215011, China
| | - Xin Qi
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215011, China.
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13
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Balyan S, Kansal S, Jajo R, Behere PR, Chatterjee R, Raghuvanshi S. Delineating the tissue-mediated drought stress governed tuning of conserved miR408 and its targets in rice. Funct Integr Genomics 2023; 23:187. [PMID: 37243818 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-023-01111-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Engineering drought tolerance in rice needs to focus on regulators that enhance tolerance while boosting plant growth and vigor. The present study delineated the concealed function and tissue-mediated interplay of the miR408/target module in imparting drought stress tolerance in rice. The plant miR408 family comprises three dominant mature forms (21 nt), including a distinct monocot variant (F-7 with 5' C) and is divided into six groups. miR408 majorly cleaves genes belonging to the blue copper protein in addition to several other species-specific targets in plants. Comparative sequence analysis in 4726 rice accessions identified 22 sequence variants (SNP and InDELs) in its promoter (15) and pre-miR408 region. Haplotype analysis of the sequence variants indicated eight haplotypes (three: Japonica-specific and five: Indica-specific) of the miR408 promoter. In drought-tolerant Nagina 22, miR408 follows flag leaf preferential expression. Under drought conditions, its levels are upregulated in flag leaf and roots which seems to be regulated by a differential fraction of methylated cytosines (mCs) in the precursor region. The active pool of miR408 regulated targets under control and drought conditions is impacted by the tissue type. Comparative expression analysis of the miR408/target module under different sets of conditions features 83 targets exhibiting antagonistic expression in rice, out of which 12 genes, including four PLANTACYANINS (OsUCL6, 7, 9 and 30), PIRIN, OsLPR1, OsCHUP1, OsDOF12, OsBGLU1, glycine-rich cell wall gene, OsDUT, and OsERF7, are among the high confidence targets. Further, overexpression of MIR408 in drought-sensitive rice cultivar (PB1) leads to the massive enhancement of vegetative growth in rice with improved ETR and Y(II) and enhanced dehydration stress tolerance. The above results suggest that miR408 is likely to act as a positive regulator of growth and vigor, as well as dehydration stress, making it a potential candidate for engineering drought tolerance in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Balyan
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Shivani Kansal
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Ringyao Jajo
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Pratyush Rajiv Behere
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Rishika Chatterjee
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Saurabh Raghuvanshi
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, 110021, India.
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14
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Batool TS, Aslam R, Gul A, Paracha RZ, Ilyas M, De Abreu K, Munir F, Amir R, Williams LE. Genome-wide analysis of heavy metal ATPases (HMAs) in Poaceae species and their potential role against copper stress in Triticum aestivum. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7551. [PMID: 37160901 PMCID: PMC10170112 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32023-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants require copper for normal growth and development and have evolved an efficient system for copper management based on transport proteins such as P1B-ATPases, also known as heavy metal ATPases (HMAs). Here, we report HMAs in eleven different Poaceae species, including wheat. Furthermore, the possible role of wheat HMAs in copper stress was investigated. BlastP searches identified 27 HMAs in wheat, and phylogenetic analysis based on the Maximum Likelihood method demonstrated a separation into four distinct clades. Conserved motif analysis, domain identification, gene structure, and transmembrane helices number were also identified for wheat HMAs using computational tools. Wheat seedlings grown hydroponically were subjected to elevated copper and demonstrated toxicity symptoms with effects on fresh weight and changes in expression of selected HMAs TaHMA7, TaHMA8, and TaHMA9 were upregulated in response to elevated copper, suggesting a role in wheat copper homeostasis. Further investigations on these heavy metal pumps can provide insight into strategies for enhancing crop heavy metal tolerance in the face of heavy metal pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuba Sharf Batool
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Roohi Aslam
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Alvina Gul
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Rehan Zafar Paracha
- School of Interdisciplinary Engineering & Sciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Mahnoor Ilyas
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Kathryn De Abreu
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Faiza Munir
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Rabia Amir
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Lorraine E Williams
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK.
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15
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Yang L, Wu X, Liu S, Zhang L, Li T, Cao Y, Duan Q. Comprehensive Analysis of BrHMPs Reveals Potential Roles in Abiotic Stress Tolerance and Pollen–Stigma Interaction in Brassica rapa. Cells 2023; 12:cells12071096. [PMID: 37048168 PMCID: PMC10093364 DOI: 10.3390/cells12071096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Heavy metal-associated proteins (HMPs) participate in heavy metal detoxification. Although HMPs have been identified in several plants, no studies to date have identified the HMPs in Brassica rapa (B. rapa). Here, we identified 85 potential HMPs in B. rapa by bioinformatic methods. The promoters of the identified genes contain many elements associated with stress responses, including response to abscisic acid, low-temperature, and methyl jasmonate. The expression levels of BrHMP14, BrHMP16, BrHMP32, BrHMP41, and BrHMP42 were upregulated under Cu2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, and Pb2+ stresses. BrHMP06, BrHMP30, and BrHMP41 were also significantly upregulated after drought treatment. The transcripts of BrHMP06 and BrHMP11 increased mostly under cold stress. After applying salt stress, the expression of BrHMP02, BrHMP16, and BrHMP78 was induced. We observed increased BrHMP36 expression during the self-incompatibility (SI) response and decreased expression in the compatible pollination (CP) response during pollen–stigma interactions. These changes in expression suggest functions for these genes in HMPs include participating in heavy metal transport, detoxification, and response to abiotic stresses, with the potential for functions in sexual reproduction. We found potential co-functional partners of these key players by protein–protein interaction (PPI) analysis and found that some of the predicted protein partners are known to be involved in corresponding stress responses. Finally, phosphorylation investigation revealed many phosphorylation sites in BrHMPs, suggesting post-translational modification may occur during the BrHMP-mediated stress response. This comprehensive analysis provides important clues for the study of the molecular mechanisms of BrHMP genes in B. rapa, especially for abiotic stress and pollen–stigma interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China
| | - Shangjia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China
| | - Lina Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China
| | - Ting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China
| | - Yunyun Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China
| | - Qiaohong Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China
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16
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Nikolić D, Bosnić D, Samardžić J. Silicon in action: Between iron scarcity and excess copper. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1039053. [PMID: 36818840 PMCID: PMC9935840 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1039053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Essential micronutrients belonging to the transition metals, such as Fe and Cu, are indispensable for plant growth and stress tolerance; however, when present in excess, they can become potentially dangerous producers of reactive oxygen species. Therefore, their homeostases must be strictly regulated. Both microelement deficiencies and elevated concentrations of heavy metals in the soil are global problems that reduce the nutritional value of crops and seriously affect human health. Silicon, a beneficial element known for its protective properties, has been reported to alleviate the symptoms of Cu toxicity and Fe deficiency stress in plants; however, we are still far from a comprehensive understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms. Although Si-mediated mitigation of these stresses has been clearly demonstrated for some species, the effects of Si vary depending on plant species, growing conditions and experimental design. In this review, the proposed mechanistic models explaining the effect of Si are summarized and discussed. Iron and copper compete for the common metal transporters and share the same transport routes, hence, inadequate concentration of one element leads to disturbances of another. Silicon is reported to beneficially influence not only the distribution of the element supplied below or above the optimal concentration, but also the distribution of other microelements, as well as their molar ratios. The influence of Si on Cu immobilization and retention in the root, as well as Si-induced Fe remobilization from the source to the sink organs are of vital importance. The changes in cellular Cu and Fe localization are considered to play a crucial role in restoring homeostasis of these microelements. Silicon has been shown to stimulate the accumulation of metal chelators involved in both the mobilization of deficient elements and scavenging excess heavy metals. Research into the mechanisms of the ameliorative effects of Si is valuable for reducing mineral stress in plants and improving the nutritional value of crops. This review aims to provide a thorough and critical overview of the current state of knowledge in this field and to discuss discrepancies in the observed effects of Si and different views on its mode of action.
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17
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Pagani MA, Gomez-Casati DF. Advances in Iron Retrograde Signaling Mechanisms and Uptake Regulation in Photosynthetic Organisms. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2665:121-145. [PMID: 37166598 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3183-6_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) is an essential metal for the growth and development of different organisms, including plants and algae. This metal participates in different biological processes, among which are cellular respiration and photosynthesis. Fe is found associated with heme groups and as part of inorganic Fe-S groups as cofactors of numerous cellular proteins. Although Fe is abundant in soils, it is often not bioavailable due to soil pH. For this reason, photosynthetic organisms have developed different strategies for the uptake, the sensing of Fe intracellular levels but also different mechanisms that maintain and regulate adequate concentrations of this metal in response to physiological needs. This work focuses on discussing recent advances in the characterization of the mechanisms of Fe homeostasis and Fe retrograde signaling in photosynthetic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A Pagani
- Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos (CEFOBI-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina.
| | - Diego F Gomez-Casati
- Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos (CEFOBI-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina.
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18
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Basnet B, Khanal S. Quantitative trait loci and candidate genes for iron and zinc bio-fortification in genetically diverse germplasm of maize ( Zea mays L): A systematic review. Heliyon 2022; 8:e12593. [PMID: 36619433 PMCID: PMC9813765 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetically and economically, Maize plays a pivotal role in tackling Iron-Zinc mineral deficiency through the crop's biofortification approach to high-yielding cultivars. The objective of this study is to summarize quantitative trait loci (QTL) is useful for identifying novel genes of interest in diverse germplasm for understanding the exact genetic mechanism for Iron and zinc uptake, deposition, and biosynthesis in Zea mays L endosperm. various techniques like Germplasm Genetic Wide Association, QTL meta-analysis, and biparental linkage analysis are used by researchers in diverse germplasm of Maize for the gene of interest marking and are extracted as secondary information through a systematic review of scientific published sources in peer-reviewed sites. A literature review was focused on quantitative trait loci with candidate genes from different families like YS, NRAMP, ferritin, Cation efflux, etc., and cloned four phytase soluble genes which influence the concentration as well as bioavailability of Fe & Zn in the endosperm. More than 30 QTLs with 15-Fe, 17-Zn; 10 Meta QTLS are common and linked with micronutrient concentration as well 17 candidate genes from different families are responsible for the zinc-iron deposition on the endosperm. More than 46 Fe-Zn (20 + 26) SNPs and 22 SNPs (10 + 12) on nine different chromosomes play a significant role in the variation of the mineral value of inbreeds and Double haploid Bi-parental population of Zea mays L. In Rice and Maize, five different chromosomes are collinear for the uptake to deposition of these minerals in the endosperm. The success of marker-based biofortification depends upon the nature of germplasm, the gap between flanking marker and targeted genes, the selection of genotypes in each generation, and genotype-environment interaction which are the future area of study. This study can assist the breeders in fast-tracking Fe and Zn biofortification through frequency multiplication of these desired loci of Maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bikas Basnet
- Department of Agriculture, Agriculture and Forestry University, Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal,Corresponding author.
| | - Shovit Khanal
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Agriculture and Forestry University, Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal
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19
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Furutani R, Wada S, Ifuku K, Maekawa S, Miyake C. Higher Reduced State of Fe/S-Signals, with the Suppressed Oxidation of P700, Causes PSI Inactivation in Arabidopsis thaliana. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 12:antiox12010021. [PMID: 36670882 PMCID: PMC9854443 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental stress increases the risk of electron accumulation in photosystem I (PSI) of chloroplasts, which can cause oxygen (O2) reduction to superoxide radicals and decreased photosynthetic ability. We used three Arabidopsis thaliana lines: wild-type (WT) and the mutants pgr5hope1 and paa1-7/pox1. These lines have different reduced states of iron/sulfur (Fe/S) signals, including Fx, FA/FB, and ferredoxin, the electron carriers at the acceptor side of PSI. In the dark, short-pulse light was repetitively illuminated to the intact leaves of the plants to provide electrons to the acceptor side of PSI. WT and pgr5hope1 plants showed full reductions of Fe/S during short-pulse light and PSI inactivation. In contrast, paa1-7/pox1 showed less reduction of Fe/S and its PSI was not inactivated. Under continuous actinic-light illumination, pgr5hope1 showed no P700 oxidation with higher Fe/S reduction due to the loss of photosynthesis control and PSI inactivation. These results indicate that the accumulation of electrons at the acceptor side of PSI may trigger the production of superoxide radicals. P700 oxidation, responsible for the robustness of photosynthetic organisms, participates in reactive oxygen species suppression by oxidizing the acceptor side of PSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riu Furutani
- Graduate School for Agricultural Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 7 Gobancho, Tokyo 102-0076, Japan
| | - Shinya Wada
- Graduate School for Agricultural Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 7 Gobancho, Tokyo 102-0076, Japan
| | - Kentaro Ifuku
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 7 Gobancho, Tokyo 102-0076, Japan
- Graduate School for Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Shu Maekawa
- Graduate School for Agricultural Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Chikahiro Miyake
- Graduate School for Agricultural Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 7 Gobancho, Tokyo 102-0076, Japan
- Correspondence:
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20
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Zhang B, Zhang C, Tang R, Zheng X, Zhao F, Fu A, Lan W, Luan S. Two magnesium transporters in the chloroplast inner envelope essential for thylakoid biogenesis in Arabidopsis. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 236:464-478. [PMID: 35776059 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg2+ ) serves as a cofactor for a number of photosynthetic enzymes in the chloroplast, and is the central atom of the Chl molecule. However, little is known about the molecular mechanism of Mg2+ transport across the chloroplast envelope. Here, we report the functional characterization of two transport proteins in Arabidopsis: Magnesium Release 8 (MGR8) and MGR9, of the ACDP/CNNM family, which is evolutionarily conserved across all lineages of living organisms. Both MGR8 and MGR9 genes were expressed ubiquitously, and their encoded proteins were localized in the inner envelope of chloroplasts. Mutations of MGR8 and MGR9 together, but neither of them alone, resulted in albino ovules and chlorotic seedlings. Further analysis revealed severe defects in thylakoid biogenesis and assembly of photosynthetic complexes in the double mutant. Both MGR8 and MGR9 functionally complemented the growth of the Salmonella typhimurium mutant strain MM281, which lacks Mg2+ uptake capacity. The embryonic and early seedling defects of the mgr8/mgr9 double mutant were rescued by the expression of MGR9 under the embryo-specific ABI3 promoter. The partially rescued mutant plants were hypersensitive to Mg2+ deficient conditions and contained less Mg2+ in their chloroplasts than wild-type plants. Taken together, we conclude that MGR8 and MGR9 serve as Mg2+ transporters and are responsible for chloroplast Mg2+ uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and Institute of Future Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
- Nanjing University-Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Renjie Tang
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Xiaojiang Zheng
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Fugeng Zhao
- Nanjing University-Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Aigen Fu
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Wenzhi Lan
- Nanjing University-Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Sheng Luan
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
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21
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Schulten A, Pietzenuk B, Quintana J, Scholle M, Feil R, Krause M, Romera-Branchat M, Wahl V, Severing E, Coupland G, Krämer U. Energy status-promoted growth and development of Arabidopsis require copper deficiency response transcriptional regulator SPL7. THE PLANT CELL 2022; 34:3873-3898. [PMID: 35866980 PMCID: PMC9516184 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koac215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is a cofactor of around 300 Arabidopsis proteins, including photosynthetic and mitochondrial electron transfer chain enzymes critical for adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production and carbon fixation. Plant acclimation to Cu deficiency requires the transcription factor SQUAMOSA PROMOTER-BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE7 (SPL7). We report that in the wild type (WT) and in the spl7-1 mutant, respiratory electron flux via Cu-dependent cytochrome c oxidase is unaffected under both normal and low-Cu cultivation conditions. Supplementing Cu-deficient medium with exogenous sugar stimulated growth of the WT, but not of spl7 mutants. Instead, these mutants accumulated carbohydrates, including the signaling sugar trehalose 6-phosphate, as well as ATP and NADH, even under normal Cu supply and without sugar supplementation. Delayed spl7-1 development was in agreement with its attenuated sugar responsiveness. Functional TARGET OF RAPAMYCIN and SNF1-RELATED KINASE1 signaling in spl7-1 argued against fundamental defects in these energy-signaling hubs. Sequencing of chromatin immunoprecipitates combined with transcriptome profiling identified direct targets of SPL7-mediated positive regulation, including Fe SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE1 (FSD1), COPPER-DEFICIENCY-INDUCED TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR1 (CITF1), and the uncharacterized bHLH23 (CITF2), as well as an enriched upstream GTACTRC motif. In summary, transducing energy availability into growth and reproductive development requires the function of SPL7. Our results could help increase crop yields, especially on Cu-deficient soils.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Björn Pietzenuk
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Physiology of Plants, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | | | - Marleen Scholle
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Physiology of Plants, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Regina Feil
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Marcus Krause
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Physiology of Plants, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | | | - Vanessa Wahl
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Edouard Severing
- Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, 50829 Cologne, Germany
| | - George Coupland
- Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, 50829 Cologne, Germany
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22
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Chorianopoulou SN, Bouranis DL. The Role of Sulfur in Agronomic Biofortification with Essential Micronutrients. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11151979. [PMID: 35956455 PMCID: PMC9370111 DOI: 10.3390/plants11151979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Sulfur (S) is an essential macronutrient for plants, being necessary for their growth and metabolism and exhibiting diverse roles throughout their life cycles. Inside the plant body, S is present either in one of its inorganic forms or incorporated in an organic compound. Moreover, organic S compounds may contain S in its reduced or oxidized form. Among others, S plays roles in maintaining the homeostasis of essential micronutrients, e.g., iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and manganese (Mn). One of the most well-known connections is homeostasis between S and Fe, mainly in terms of the role of S in uptake, transportation, and distribution of Fe, as well as the functional interactions of S with Fe in the Fe-S clusters. This review reports the available information describing the connections between the homeostasis of S and Fe, Cu, Zn, and Mn in plants. The roles of S- or sulfur-derived organic ligands in metal uptake and translocation within the plant are highlighted. Moreover, the roles of these micronutrients in S homeostasis are also discussed.
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23
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Furutani R, Ohnishi M, Mori Y, Wada S, Miyake C. The difficulty of estimating the electron transport rate at photosystem I. JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2022; 135:565-577. [PMID: 34778922 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-021-01357-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
It is still a controversial issue how the electron transport reaction is carried out around photosystem I (PSI) in the photosynthetic electron transport chain. The measurable component in PSI is the oxidized P700, the reaction center chlorophyll in PSI, as the absorbance changes at 820-830 nm. Previously, the quantum yield at PSI [Y(I)] has been estimated as the existence probability of the photo-oxidizable P700 by applying the saturated-pulse illumination (SP; 10,000-20,000 µmol photons m-2 s-1). The electron transport rate (ETR) at PSI has been estimated from the Y(I) value, which was larger than the reaction rate at PSII, evaluated as the quantum yield of PSII, especially under stress-conditions such as CO2-limited and high light intensity conditions. Therefore, it has been considered that the extra electron flow at PSI was enhanced at the stress condition and played an important role in dealing with the excessive light energy. However, some pieces of evidence were reported that the excessive electron flow at PSI would be ignorable from other aspects. In the present research, we confirmed that the Y(I) value estimated by the SP method could be easily misestimated by the limitation of the electron donation to PSI. Moreover, we estimated the quantitative turnover rate of P700+ by the light-to-dark transition. However, the turnover rate of P700 was much slower than the ETR at PSII. It is still hard to quantitatively estimate the ETR at PSI by the current techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riu Furutani
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Graduate School for Agricultural Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 7 Gobancho, Tokyo, 102-0076, Japan
| | - Miho Ohnishi
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Graduate School for Agricultural Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 7 Gobancho, Tokyo, 102-0076, Japan
| | - Yuki Mori
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Graduate School for Agricultural Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Shinya Wada
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Graduate School for Agricultural Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 7 Gobancho, Tokyo, 102-0076, Japan
| | - Chikahiro Miyake
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Graduate School for Agricultural Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan.
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 7 Gobancho, Tokyo, 102-0076, Japan.
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24
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Gómez-Gallego T, Valderas A, van Tuinen D, Ferrol N. Impact of arbuscular mycorrhiza on maize P 1B-ATPases gene expression and ionome in copper-contaminated soils. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 234:113390. [PMID: 35278990 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, symbionts of most land plants, increase plant fitness in metal contaminated soils. To further understand the mechanisms of metal tolerance in the AM symbiosis, the expression patterns of the maize Heavy Metal ATPase (HMA) family members and the ionomes of non-mycorrhizal and mycorrhizal plants grown under different Cu supplies were examined. Expression of ZmHMA5a and ZmHMA5b, whose encoded proteins were predicted to be localized at the plasma membrane, was up-regulated by Cu in non-mycorrhizal roots and to a lower extent in mycorrhizal roots. Gene expression of the tonoplast ZmHMA3a and ZmHMA4 isoforms was up-regulated by Cu-toxicity in shoots and roots of mycorrhizal plants. AM mitigates the changes induced by Cu toxicity on the maize ionome, specially at the highest Cu soil concentration. Altogether these data suggest that in Cu-contaminated soils, AM increases expression of the HMA genes putatively encoding proteins involved in Cu detoxification and balances mineral nutrient uptake improving the nutritional status of the maize plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Gómez-Gallego
- Departamento de Microbiología del Suelo y Sistemas Simbióticos, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Granada, Spain
| | - Ascensión Valderas
- Departamento de Microbiología del Suelo y Sistemas Simbióticos, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Granada, Spain
| | - Diederik van Tuinen
- INRAE/AgroSup/Université de Bourgogne UMR1347 Agroécologie, ERL CNRS, 6300 Dijon, France
| | - Nuria Ferrol
- Departamento de Microbiología del Suelo y Sistemas Simbióticos, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Granada, Spain.
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25
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Thakur M, Praveen S, Divte PR, Mitra R, Kumar M, Gupta CK, Kalidindi U, Bansal R, Roy S, Anand A, Singh B. Metal tolerance in plants: Molecular and physicochemical interface determines the "not so heavy effect" of heavy metals. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 287:131957. [PMID: 34450367 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
An increase in technological interventions and ruthless urbanization in the name of development has deteriorated our environment over time and caused the buildup of heavy metals (HMs) in the soil and water resources. These heavy metals are gaining increased access into our food chain through the plant and/or animal-based products, to adversely impact human health. The issue of how to restrict the entry of HMs or modulate their response in event of their ingress into the plant system is worrisome. The current knowledge on the interactive-regulatory role and contribution of different physical, biophysical, biochemical, physiological, and molecular factors that determine the heavy metal availability-uptake-partitioning dynamics in the soil-plant-environment needs to be updated. The present review critically analyses the interactive overlaps between different adaptation and tolerance strategies that may be causally related to their cellular localization, conjugation and homeostasis, a relative affinity for the transporters, rhizosphere modifications, activation of efflux pumps and vacuolar sequestration that singly or collectively determine a plant's response to HM stress. Recently postulated role of gaseous pollutants such as SO2 and other secondary metabolites in heavy metal tolerance, which may be regulated at the whole plant and/or tissue/cell is discussed to delineate and work towards a "not so heavy" response of plants to heavy metals present in the contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi Thakur
- College of Horticulture and Forestry (Dr. Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry), Neri, Hamirpur, 177 001, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Shamima Praveen
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India
| | - Pandurang R Divte
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India
| | - Raktim Mitra
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India
| | - Mahesh Kumar
- ICAR-National Institute of Abiotic Stress Management, Baramati, Maharashtra, 413 115, India
| | - Chandan Kumar Gupta
- Division of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, ICAR-Indian Institute of Sugarcane Research, Lucknow, 226 002, India
| | - Usha Kalidindi
- Centre for Environment Science and Climate Resilient Agriculture, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India
| | - Ruchi Bansal
- Division of Germplasm Evaluation, ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, 110 012, India
| | - Suman Roy
- ICAR-Central Research Institute for Jute and Allied Fibres, Barrackpore, Kolkata, 700 120, India
| | - Anjali Anand
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India.
| | - Bhupinder Singh
- Centre for Environment Science and Climate Resilient Agriculture, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India.
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26
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Ma Y, Wei N, Wang Q, Liu Z, Liu W. Genome-wide identification and characterization of the heavy metal ATPase (HMA) gene family in Medicago truncatula under copper stress. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 193:893-902. [PMID: 34728304 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.10.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
In nature, the normal growth, development, and quality of plants are significantly affected by many abiotic stresses, such as drought, salinity, low temperature, and heavy metals. Among heavy metals, copper is an essential element for plant growth and development but also has a toxic effect on plants when its concentration is excessive. Therefore, plants have evolved a complex regulatory network to regulate the balance of copper ions in cells. Heavy metal ATPases (HMAs), which transport heavy metals to intracellular compartments or detoxify heavy metals present at excessive concentrations, have been extensively studied in model plant species. However, no comprehensive and systematic surveys of members of the HMA gene family have been conducted in the model legume species Medicago truncatula. Here, nine putative MtHMAs were identified in the M. truncatula genome. These MtHMAs were phylogenetically divided into two distinct groups. The members in each group had a relatively conserved gene structure and motif composition. The number of introns in the MtHMAs varied from 5 to 16, with the majority of these genes containing 8 introns. The expression patterns showed that MtHMAs exhibit preferential or distinct expression patterns among different tissues. Finally, the expression patterns of the members of this gene family were verified in the leaves and roots of plants under Cu stress. Our findings will be valuable for the functional investigation and application of members of this gene family in M. truncatula and other related legume species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitong Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Lanzhou University, China; Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China; Western China Technology Innovation Center for Grassland Industry, Gansu Province, China; Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, China; College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Na Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Lanzhou University, China; Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China; Western China Technology Innovation Center for Grassland Industry, Gansu Province, China; Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, China; College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Qiuxia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Lanzhou University, China; Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China; Western China Technology Innovation Center for Grassland Industry, Gansu Province, China; Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, China; College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zhipeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Lanzhou University, China; Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China; Western China Technology Innovation Center for Grassland Industry, Gansu Province, China; Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, China; College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Wenxian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Lanzhou University, China; Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China; Western China Technology Innovation Center for Grassland Industry, Gansu Province, China; Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, China; College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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27
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Völkner C, Holzner LJ, Day PM, Ashok AD, de Vries J, Bölter B, Kunz HH. Two plastid POLLUX ion channel-like proteins are required for stress-triggered stromal Ca2+release. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 187:2110-2125. [PMID: 34618095 PMCID: PMC8644588 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Two decades ago, large cation currents were discovered in the envelope membranes of Pisum sativum L. (pea) chloroplasts. The deduced K+-permeable channel was coined fast-activating chloroplast cation channel but its molecular identity remained elusive. To reveal candidates, we mined proteomic datasets of isolated pea envelopes. Our search uncovered distant members of the nuclear POLLUX ion channel family. Since pea is not amenable to molecular genetics, we used Arabidopsis thaliana to characterize the two gene homologs. Using several independent approaches, we show that both candidates localize to the chloroplast envelope membrane. The proteins, designated PLASTID ENVELOPE ION CHANNELS (PEC1/2), form oligomers with regulator of K+ conductance domains protruding into the intermembrane space. Heterologous expression of PEC1/2 rescues yeast mutants deficient in K+ uptake. Nuclear POLLUX ion channels cofunction with Ca2+ channels to generate Ca2+ signals, critical for establishing mycorrhizal symbiosis and root development. Chloroplasts also exhibit Ca2+ transients in the stroma, probably to relay abiotic and biotic cues between plastids and the nucleus via the cytosol. Our results show that pec1pec2 loss-of-function double mutants fail to trigger the characteristic stromal Ca2+ release observed in wild-type plants exposed to external stress stimuli. Besides this molecular abnormality, pec1pec2 double mutants do not show obvious phenotypes. Future studies of PEC proteins will help to decipher the plant's stress-related Ca2+ signaling network and the role of plastids. More importantly, the discovery of PECs in the envelope membrane is another critical step towards completing the chloroplast ion transport protein inventory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Völkner
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-4236, USA
| | - Lorenz Josef Holzner
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, LMU Munich, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Philip M Day
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-4236, USA
| | - Amra Dhabalia Ashok
- Department of Applied Bioinformatics, University of Goettingen, Institute for Microbiology and Genetics, 37077 Göttingen,Germany
- International Max Planck Research School for Genome Science, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jan de Vries
- Department of Applied Bioinformatics, University of Goettingen, Institute for Microbiology and Genetics, 37077 Göttingen,Germany
- International Max Planck Research School for Genome Science, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- Applied Bioinformatics, Goettingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), University of Goettingen, Göttingen,Germany
- Campus Institute Data Science (CIDAS), University of Goettingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Bettina Bölter
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, LMU Munich, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Hans-Henning Kunz
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-4236, USA
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, LMU Munich, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
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28
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Transcriptome Profiling of Cu Stressed Petunia Petals Reveals Candidate Genes Involved in Fe and Cu Crosstalk. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111604. [PMID: 34769033 PMCID: PMC8583722 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is an essential element for most living plants, but it is toxic for plants when present in excess. To better understand the response mechanism under excess Cu in plants, especially in flowers, transcriptome sequencing on petunia buds and opened flowers under excess Cu was performed. Interestingly, the transcript level of FIT-independent Fe deficiency response genes was significantly affected in Cu stressed petals, probably regulated by basic-helix-loop-helix 121 (bHLH121), while no difference was found in Fe content. Notably, the expression level of bHLH121 was significantly down-regulated in petals under excess Cu. In addition, the expression level of genes related to photosystem II (PSII), photosystem I (PSI), cytochrome b6/f complex, the light-harvesting chlorophyll II complex and electron carriers showed disordered expression profiles in petals under excess Cu, thus photosynthesis parameters, including the maximum PSII efficiency (FV/FM), nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ), quantum yield of the PSII (ΦPS(II)) and photochemical quenching coefficient (qP), were reduced in Cu stressed petals. Moreover, the chlorophyll a content was significantly reduced, while the chlorophyll b content was not affected, probably caused by the increased expression of chlorophyllide a oxygenase (CAO). Together, we provide new insight into excess Cu response and the Cu–Fe crosstalk in flowers.
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29
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Kaur R, Das S, Bansal S, Singh G, Sardar S, Dhar H, Ram H. Heavy metal stress in rice: Uptake, transport, signaling, and tolerance mechanisms. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 173:430-448. [PMID: 34227684 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal contamination of agricultural fields has become a global concern as it causes a direct impact on human health. Rice is the major food crop for almost half of the world population and is grown under diverse environmental conditions, including heavy metal-contaminated soil. In recent years, the impact of heavy metal contamination on rice yield and grain quality has been shown through multiple approaches. In this review article, different aspects of heavy metal stress, that is uptake, transport, signaling and tolerance mechanisms, are comprehensively discussed with special emphasis on rice. For uptake, some of the transporters have specificity to one or two metal ions, whereas many other transporters are able to transport many different ions. After uptake, the intercellular signaling is mediated through different signaling pathways involving the regulation of various hormones, alteration of calcium levels, and the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases. Heavy metal stress signals from various intermediate molecules activate various transcription factors, which triggers the expression of various antioxidant enzymes. Activated antioxidant enzymes then scavenge various reactive oxygen species, which eventually leads to stress tolerance in plants. Non-enzymatic antioxidants, such as ascorbate, metalloids, and even metal-binding peptides (metallothionein and phytochelatin) can also help to reduce metal toxicity in plants. Genetic engineering has been successfully used in rice and many other crops to increase metal tolerance and reduce heavy metals accumulation. A comprehensive understanding of uptake, transport, signaling, and tolerance mechanisms will help to grow rice plants in agricultural fields with less heavy metal accumulation in grains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravneet Kaur
- Agricultural Biotechnology division, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Mohali, India
| | - Susmita Das
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Sakshi Bansal
- Agricultural Biotechnology division, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Mohali, India
| | - Gurbir Singh
- Agricultural Biotechnology division, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Mohali, India
| | - Shaswati Sardar
- Lab 202, National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), New Delhi, India
| | - Hena Dhar
- Agricultural Biotechnology division, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Mohali, India
| | - Hasthi Ram
- Lab 202, National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), New Delhi, India
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30
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Kim LJ, Tsuyuki KM, Hu F, Park EY, Zhang J, Iraheta JG, Chia JC, Huang R, Tucker AE, Clyne M, Castellano C, Kim A, Chung DD, DaVeiga CT, Parsons EM, Vatamaniuk OK, Jeong J. Ferroportin 3 is a dual-targeted mitochondrial/chloroplast iron exporter necessary for iron homeostasis in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 107:215-236. [PMID: 33884692 PMCID: PMC8316378 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria and chloroplasts are organelles with high iron demand that are particularly susceptible to iron-induced oxidative stress. Despite the necessity of strict iron regulation in these organelles, much remains unknown about mitochondrial and chloroplast iron transport in plants. Here, we propose that Arabidopsis ferroportin 3 (FPN3) is an iron exporter that is dual-targeted to mitochondria and chloroplasts. FPN3 is expressed in shoots, regardless of iron conditions, but its transcripts accumulate under iron deficiency in roots. fpn3 mutants cannot grow as well as the wild type under iron-deficient conditions and their shoot iron levels are lower compared with the wild type. Analyses of iron homeostasis gene expression in fpn3 mutants and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) measurements show that iron levels in the mitochondria and chloroplasts are increased relative to the wild type, consistent with the proposed role of FPN3 as a mitochondrial/plastid iron exporter. In iron-deficient fpn3 mutants, abnormal mitochondrial ultrastructure was observed, whereas chloroplast ultrastructure was not affected, implying that FPN3 plays a critical role in the mitochondria. Overall, our study suggests that FPN3 is essential for optimal iron homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah J. Kim
- Department of Biology, Amherst College, Amherst, Massachusetts 01002
| | | | - Fengling Hu
- Department of Biology, Amherst College, Amherst, Massachusetts 01002
| | - Emily Y. Park
- Department of Biology, Amherst College, Amherst, Massachusetts 01002
| | - Jingwen Zhang
- Department of Biology, Amherst College, Amherst, Massachusetts 01002
| | | | - Ju-Chen Chia
- Soil and Crop Sciences Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853
| | - Rong Huang
- Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source, Ithaca, New York 14853
| | - Avery E. Tucker
- Department of Biology, Amherst College, Amherst, Massachusetts 01002
| | - Madeline Clyne
- Department of Biology, Amherst College, Amherst, Massachusetts 01002
| | - Claire Castellano
- Department of Biology, Amherst College, Amherst, Massachusetts 01002
| | - Angie Kim
- Department of Biology, Amherst College, Amherst, Massachusetts 01002
| | - Daniel D. Chung
- Department of Biology, Amherst College, Amherst, Massachusetts 01002
| | | | | | - Olena K. Vatamaniuk
- Soil and Crop Sciences Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853
| | - Jeeyon Jeong
- Department of Biology, Amherst College, Amherst, Massachusetts 01002
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Chin CK, Stanly C, Chew BL, Subramaniam S. Modified basal culture medium improves proliferation of Dendrobium Sabin Blue’s protocorm-like bodies (PLBs). Biologia (Bratisl) 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11756-021-00743-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Singh P, Arif Y, Siddiqui H, Sami F, Zaidi R, Azam A, Alam P, Hayat S. Nanoparticles enhances the salinity toxicity tolerance in Linum usitatissimum L. by modulating the antioxidative enzymes, photosynthetic efficiency, redox status and cellular damage. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 213:112020. [PMID: 33592373 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The contribution of nanoparticles (NPs) in physiology of the plants became the new area of interest for the physiologists; as it is very much cost effective compared to the phytohormones. Our present investigation was also based on this interest in which the same doses (50 mg/L) of four different NPs were sprayed on stressed and non-stressed foliage. The experiment was conducted to assess the impact of four NPs viz., zinc oxide (ZnO), silicon dioxide (SiO2), titanium dioxide (TiO2), and ferric oxide (Fe2O3) on the morphology and physiology of linseed in the presence of sodium chloride (NaCl). Plants responded positively to all the treated NPs and improved the growth, carbon and nutrient assimilation, while salt stress increased the content of proline, hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion. Application of NPs over the stressed plants further increased the antioxidant enzymatic system and other physiochemical reactions. Results indicate that application of NPs increased the growth and physiology of the plant and also increased the salt tolerance capacity of the plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Singh
- Department of Botany, Plant Physiology Section, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Yamshi Arif
- Department of Botany, Plant Physiology Section, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Husna Siddiqui
- Department of Botany, Plant Physiology Section, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Fareen Sami
- Department of Botany, Plant Physiology Section, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Rumman Zaidi
- Department of Applied Physics, Z.H. College of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Ameer Azam
- Department of Applied Physics, Z.H. College of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Pravej Alam
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shamsul Hayat
- Department of Botany, Plant Physiology Section, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India.
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Bashir K, Ahmad Z, Kobayashi T, Seki M, Nishizawa NK. Roles of subcellular metal homeostasis in crop improvement. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:2083-2098. [PMID: 33502492 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Improvement of crop production in response to rapidly changing environmental conditions is a serious challenge facing plant breeders and biotechnologists. Iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), and copper (Cu) are essential micronutrients for plant growth and reproduction. These minerals are critical to several cellular processes including metabolism, photosynthesis, and cellular respiration. Regulating the uptake and distribution of these minerals could significantly improve plant growth and development, ultimately leading to increased crop production. Plant growth is limited by mineral deficiency, but on the other hand, excess Fe, Mn, Cu, and Zn can be toxic to plants; therefore, their uptake and distribution must be strictly regulated. Moreover, the distribution of these metals among subcellular organelles is extremely important for maintaining optimal cellular metabolism. Understanding the mechanisms controlling subcellular metal distribution and availability would enable development of crop plants that are better adapted to challenging and rapidly changing environmental conditions. Here, we describe advances in understanding of subcellular metal homeostasis, with a particular emphasis on cellular Fe homeostasis in Arabidopsis and rice, and discuss strategies for regulating cellular metabolism to improve plant production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khurram Bashir
- Department of Biology, Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering, Lahore, Pakistan
- Plant Genomics Network Research Team, Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Suehiro, Tsurumi Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Zarnab Ahmad
- Plant Genomics Network Research Team, Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Suehiro, Tsurumi Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takanori Kobayashi
- Research Institute for Bioresources and Biotechnology, Ishikawa Prefectural University, Nonoichi, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Motoaki Seki
- Plant Genomics Network Research Team, Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Suehiro, Tsurumi Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
- Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
- Plant Epigenome Regulation Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - Naoko K Nishizawa
- Research Institute for Bioresources and Biotechnology, Ishikawa Prefectural University, Nonoichi, Ishikawa, Japan
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Hanikenne M, Esteves SM, Fanara S, Rouached H. Coordinated homeostasis of essential mineral nutrients: a focus on iron. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:2136-2153. [PMID: 33175167 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
In plants, iron (Fe) transport and homeostasis are highly regulated processes. Fe deficiency or excess dramatically limits plant and algal productivity. Interestingly, complex and unexpected interconnections between Fe and various macro- and micronutrient homeostatic networks, supposedly maintaining general ionic equilibrium and balanced nutrition, are currently being uncovered. Although these interactions have profound consequences for our understanding of Fe homeostasis and its regulation, their molecular bases and biological significance remain poorly understood. Here, we review recent knowledge gained on how Fe interacts with micronutrient (e.g. zinc, manganese) and macronutrient (e.g. sulfur, phosphate) homeostasis, and on how these interactions affect Fe uptake and trafficking. Finally, we highlight the importance of developing an improved model of how Fe signaling pathways are integrated into functional networks to control plant growth and development in response to fluctuating environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Hanikenne
- InBioS - PhytoSystems, Functional Genomics and Plant Molecular Imaging, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Sara M Esteves
- InBioS - PhytoSystems, Functional Genomics and Plant Molecular Imaging, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Steven Fanara
- InBioS - PhytoSystems, Functional Genomics and Plant Molecular Imaging, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Hatem Rouached
- BPMP, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
- Department of Plant, Soil, and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Plant Resilience Institute, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
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Navarro BB, Del Frari BK, Dias PVDC, Lemainski LE, Mario RB, Ponte LR, Goergen A, Tarouco CP, Neves VM, Dressler VL, Fett JP, Brunetto G, Sperotto RA, Nicoloso FT, Ricachenevsky FK. The copper economy response is partially conserved in rice (Oryza sativa L.). PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 158:113-124. [PMID: 33307423 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.11.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is an essential element for plants, especially in photosynthesis, as it is required for plastocyanin function in electron transfer reactions at thylakoid membranes. In Arabidopsis thaliana, Cu deficiency leads to the Cu economy response, in which plants prioritize Cu usage by plastocyanin in detriment of non-essential cupric proteins. In rice (Oryza sativa), however, this response has not been characterized. Rice OsHMA5 is a Cu xylem-loading transporter involved in Cu translocation from roots to shoots, as suggested by the analysis of oshma5 mutant plants. Aiming to understand how rice plants respond to Cu deficiency and how decreased Cu translocation to shoots can affect this response, we characterized the physiological and molecular responses of WT and oshma5 plants under control and Cu deficiency treatments. We found evidence that shoots of oshma5 plants are more prone to Cu deficiency compared to shoots of WT plants, as demonstrated by decreased chlorophyll and Cu concentrations, and electron transport rate. Gene expression analysis revealed that Cu high-affinity transporters OsCOPT1 and OsCOPT5, along with a set of miRNAs and three Cu/Zn superoxide dismutases are responsive to Cu deficiency in both WT and oshma5 plants, suggesting their involvement in the Cu economy response. However, Fe superoxide dismutase was not up-regulated in rice, indicating a difference compared to the A. thaliana Cu economy model. Therefore, we provide evidence for a partially conserved Cu economy response in rice, in comparison to A. thaliana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Bachiega Navarro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agrobiologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Bianca Knebel Del Frari
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Lucas Roani Ponte
- Curso de Agronomia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Andrei Goergen
- Curso de Agronomia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Janette Palma Fett
- Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Brunetto
- Departamento de Solos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências do Solo, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Raul Antonio Sperotto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade do Vale do Taquari - Univates, Lajeado, Brazil
| | - Fernando Teixeira Nicoloso
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agrobiologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Felipe Klein Ricachenevsky
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agrobiologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil; Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
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Grosjean N, Blaby-Haas CE. Leveraging computational genomics to understand the molecular basis of metal homeostasis. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2020; 228:1472-1489. [PMID: 32696981 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Genome-based data is helping to reveal the diverse strategies plants and algae use to maintain metal homeostasis. In addition to acquisition, distribution and storage of metals, acclimating to feast or famine can involve a wealth of genes that we are just now starting to understand. The fast-paced acquisition of genome-based data, however, is far outpacing our ability to experimentally characterize protein function. Computational genomic approaches are needed to fill the gap between what is known and unknown. To avoid misconstruing bioinformatically derived data, which is the root cause of the inaccurate functional annotations that plague databases, functional inferences from diverse sources and contextualization of that evidence with a robust understanding of protein family evolution is needed. Phylogenomic- and comparative-genomic-based studies can aid in the interpretation of experimental data or provide a spark for the discovery of a new function. These analyses not only lead to novel insight into a target protein's function but can generate thought-provoking insights across protein families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Grosjean
- Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
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37
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Kroh GE, Pilon M. Micronutrient homeostasis and chloroplast iron protein expression is largely maintained in a chloroplast copper transporter mutant. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2020; 47:1041-1052. [PMID: 32571473 DOI: 10.1071/fp19374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
PAAI is a P-Type ATPase that functions to import copper (Cu) into the chloroplast. Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. paa1 mutants have lowered plastocyanin levels, resulting in a decreased photosynthetic electron transport rate. In nature, iron (Fe) and Cu homeostasis are often linked and it can be envisioned that paa1 acclimates its photosynthetic machinery by adjusting expression of its chloroplast Fe-proteome, but outside of Cu homeostasis paa1 has not been studied. Here, we characterise paa1 ultrastructure and accumulation of electron transport chain proteins in a paa1 allelic series. Furthermore, using hydroponic growth conditions, we characterised metal homeostasis in paa1 with an emphasis on the effects of Fe deficiency. Surprisingly, the paa1 mutation does not affect chloroplast ultrastructure or the accumulation of other photosynthetic electron transport chain proteins, despite the strong decrease in electron transport rate. The regulation of Fe-related photosynthetic electron transport proteins in response to Fe status was maintained in paa1, suggesting that regulation of the chloroplast Fe proteins ignores operational signals from photosynthetic output. The characterisation of paa1 has revealed new insight into the regulation of expression of the photosynthetic electron transport chain proteins and chloroplast metal homeostasis and can help to develop new strategies for the detection of shoot Fe deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gretchen E Kroh
- Biology Department, Colorado State University, 251 W. Pitkin Street, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1878, USA; and Corresponding author.
| | - Marinus Pilon
- Biology Department, Colorado State University, 251 W. Pitkin Street, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1878, USA
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38
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Kroh GE, Pilon M. Iron deficiency and the loss of chloroplast iron-sulfur cluster assembly trigger distinct transcriptome changes in Arabidopsis rosettes. Metallomics 2020; 12:1748-1764. [PMID: 33047775 DOI: 10.1039/d0mt00175a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Regulation of mRNA abundance revealed a genetic program for plant leaf acclimation to iron (Fe) limitation. The transcript for SUFB, a key component of the plastid iron-sulfur (Fe-S) assembly pathway is down-regulated early after Fe deficiency, and prior to down-regulation of mRNAs encoding abundant chloroplast Fe containing proteins, which should economize the use of Fe. What controls this system is unclear. We utilized RNA-seq. aimed to identify differentially expressed transcripts that are co-regulated with SUFB after Fe deficiency in leaves. To distinguish if lack of Fe or lack of Fe-S cofactors and associated loss of enzymatic and photosynthetic activity trigger transcriptome reprogramming, WT plants on low Fe were compared with an inducible sufb-RNAi knockdown. Fe deficiency targeted a limited set of genes and predominantly affected transcripts for chloroplast localized proteins. A set of glutaredoxin transcripts was concertedly down-regulated early after Fe deficiency, however when these same genes were down-regulated by RNAi the effect on known chloroplast Fe deficiency marker proteins was minimal. In promoters of differentially expressed genes, binding motifs for AP2/ERF transcription factors were most abundant and three AP2/ERF transcription factors were also differentially expressed early after low Fe treatment. Surprisingly, Fe deficiency in a WT on low Fe and a sufb-RNAi knockdown presented very little overlap in differentially expressed genes. sufb-RNAi produced expression patterns expected for Fe excess and up-regulation of a transcript for another Fe-S assembly component not affected by low Fe. These findings indicate that Fe scarcity, not Fe utilization, triggers reprogramming of the transcriptome in leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gretchen Elizabeth Kroh
- Biology Department, Colorado State University, 2515 W. Pitkin Street, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1878, USA.
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Garcia-Molina A, Marino G, Lehmann M, Leister D. Systems biology of responses to simultaneous copper and iron deficiency in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 103:2119-2138. [PMID: 32578228 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Plant responses to coincident nutrient deficiencies cannot be predicted from the responses to individual deficiencies. Although copper (Cu) and iron (Fe) are essential micronutrients for plant growth that are often and concurrently limited in soils, the combinatorial response to Cu-Fe deficiency remains elusive. In the present study, we characterised the responses of Arabidopsis thaliana plants deprived of Cu, Fe or both (-Cu-Fe) at the level of plant development, mineral composition, and reconfiguration of transcriptomes, proteomes and metabolomes. Compared to single deficiencies, simultaneous -Cu-Fe leads to a distinct pattern in leaf physiology and microelement concentration characterised by lowered protein content and enhanced manganese and zinc levels. Conditional networking analysis of molecular changes indicates that biological processes also display different co-expression patterns among single and double deficiencies. Indeed, the interaction between Cu and Fe deficiencies causes distinct expression profiles for 15% of all biomolecules, leading to specific enhancement of general stress responses and protein homeostasis mechanisms, at the same time as severely arresting photosynthesis. Accordingly, central carbon metabolites, in particular photosynthates, decrease especially under -Cu-Fe conditions, whereas the pool of free amino acids increases. Further meta-analysis of transcriptomes and proteomes corroborated that protein biosynthesis and folding capacity were readjusted during the combinatorial response and unveiled important rearrangements in the metabolism of organic acids. Consequently, our results demonstrate that the response to -Cu-Fe imposes a distinct reconfiguration of large sets of molecules, not triggered by single deficiencies, resulting into a switch from autotrophy to heterotrophy and involving organic acids such as fumaric acid as central mediators of the response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoni Garcia-Molina
- Faculty of Biology, Plant Molecular Biology (Botany), Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Großhadernerstr. 2-4, Planegg-Martinsried, D-82152, Germany
| | - Giada Marino
- Faculty of Biology, Plant Molecular Biology (Botany), Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Großhadernerstr. 2-4, Planegg-Martinsried, D-82152, Germany
| | - Martin Lehmann
- Faculty of Biology, Plant Molecular Biology (Botany), Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Großhadernerstr. 2-4, Planegg-Martinsried, D-82152, Germany
| | - Dario Leister
- Faculty of Biology, Plant Molecular Biology (Botany), Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Großhadernerstr. 2-4, Planegg-Martinsried, D-82152, Germany
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Schmidt SB, Eisenhut M, Schneider A. Chloroplast Transition Metal Regulation for Efficient Photosynthesis. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 25:817-828. [PMID: 32673582 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2020.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Plants require sunlight, water, CO2, and essential nutrients to drive photosynthesis and fulfill their life cycle. The photosynthetic apparatus resides in chloroplasts and fundamentally relies on transition metals as catalysts and cofactors. Accordingly, chloroplasts are particularly rich in iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), and copper (Cu). Owing to their redox properties, those metals need to be carefully balanced within the cell. However, the regulation of transition metal homeostasis in chloroplasts is poorly understood. With the availability of the arabidopsis genome information and membrane protein databases, a wider catalogue for searching chloroplast metal transporters has considerably advanced the study of transition metal regulation. This review provides an updated overview of the chloroplast transition metal requirements and the transporters involved for efficient photosynthesis in higher plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidsel Birkelund Schmidt
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Marion Eisenhut
- Biochemie der Pflanzen, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Anja Schneider
- Molekularbiologie der Pflanzen (Botanik), Department Biologie I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 82152 Martinsried, Germany.
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Lauter ANM, Rutter L, Cook D, O’Rourke JA, Graham MA. Examining Short-Term Responses to a Long-Term Problem: RNA-Seq Analyses of Iron Deficiency Chlorosis Tolerant Soybean. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E3591. [PMID: 32438745 PMCID: PMC7279018 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron deficiency chlorosis (IDC) is a global crop production problem, significantly impacting yield. However, most IDC studies have focused on model species, not agronomically important crops. Soybean is the second largest crop grown in the United States, yet the calcareous soils across most of the upper U.S. Midwest limit soybean growth and profitability. To understand early soybean iron stress responses, we conducted whole genome expression analyses (RNA-sequencing) of leaf and root tissue from the iron efficient soybean (Glycine max) cultivar Clark, at 30, 60 and 120 min after transfer to iron stress conditions. We identified over 10,000 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), with the number of DEGs increasing over time in leaves, but decreasing over time in roots. To investigate these responses, we clustered our expression data across time to identify suites of genes, their biological functions, and the transcription factors (TFs) that regulate their expression. These analyses reveal the hallmarks of the soybean iron stress response (iron uptake and homeostasis, defense, and DNA replication and methylation) can be detected within 30 min. Furthermore, they suggest root to shoot signaling initiates early iron stress responses representing a novel paradigm for crop stress adaptations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrienne N. Moran Lauter
- Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research Unit, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (A.N.M.L.); (J.A.O.)
| | - Lindsay Rutter
- Department of Statistics, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA;
| | - Dianne Cook
- Department of Econometrics and Business Statistics, Monash University, Clayton VIC 3800, Australia;
| | - Jamie A. O’Rourke
- Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research Unit, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (A.N.M.L.); (J.A.O.)
| | - Michelle A. Graham
- Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research Unit, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (A.N.M.L.); (J.A.O.)
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Kroh GE, Pilon M. Regulation of Iron Homeostasis and Use in Chloroplasts. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E3395. [PMID: 32403383 PMCID: PMC7247011 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron (Fe) is essential for life because of its role in protein cofactors. Photosynthesis, in particular photosynthetic electron transport, has a very high demand for Fe cofactors. Fe is commonly limiting in the environment, and therefore photosynthetic organisms must acclimate to Fe availability and avoid stress associated with Fe deficiency. In plants, adjustment of metabolism, of Fe utilization, and gene expression, is especially important in the chloroplasts during Fe limitation. In this review, we discuss Fe use, Fe transport, and mechanisms of acclimation to Fe limitation in photosynthetic lineages with a focus on the photosynthetic electron transport chain. We compare Fe homeostasis in Cyanobacteria, the evolutionary ancestors of chloroplasts, with Fe homeostasis in green algae and in land plants in order to provide a deeper understanding of how chloroplasts and photosynthesis may cope with Fe limitation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marinus Pilon
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University Department of Biology, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA;
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Peng S, Wu L, Seyler BC, Pei X, Li S, Huang Y. The combined effects of Cu and Pb on the sex-specific growth and physiology of the dioecious Populus yunnanensis. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 184:109276. [PMID: 32135356 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, pollution by heavy metals (HM) has become an increasingly serious problem in forest ecosystems, making their remediation a primary research focus in China. Poplars are ideal candidates for phytoremediation because of their great commercial value, ability to produce large biomass, and high capacity for HM uptake. The individual and combined effects of copper (Cu) and lead (Pb) on Populus yunnanensis growth and physiology were tested for both male and female potted plants in four treatment groups: control, Pb only (1,000 mg kg-1 PbAc dry soil), Cu only (400 mg kg-1 CuSO4·5H2O dry soil), and combined Pb and Cu. Each treatment group contained 25 male and 25 female individuals. The experimental duration was 3 months. Compared with the control plants, the Cu and Pb treatment groups experienced reduced leaf, stem, root, and total biomass for both sexes, but the impact on growth rate was more severe in females than in males. The cellular ultrastructure of leaves was extensively damaged in both male and female trees but was more severely damaged in females. Male trees demonstrated a stronger Cu absorption ability with a bioconcentration factor 2.30 times that of females. Significant changes in pigment content, membrane lipid peroxidation, and protein oxidation (carbonyl) also indicated that females were more sensitive than males to Cu- and Pb-induced stress. The higher Cu and Pb tolerance in males correlated with better H2O2 scavenging ability and proline accumulation. Nevertheless, the combined stress from both Cu and Pb yielded greater negative effect on the growth and physiology of P. yunnanensis for both sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuming Peng
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, Sichuan, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Synergetic Control and Joint Remediation for Soil & Water Pollution, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, Sichuan, China
| | - Liuran Wu
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, Sichuan, China
| | - Barnabas C Seyler
- Department of the Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiangjun Pei
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, Sichuan, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Synergetic Control and Joint Remediation for Soil & Water Pollution, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, Sichuan, China
| | - Shuxin Li
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi Huang
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, Sichuan, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Synergetic Control and Joint Remediation for Soil & Water Pollution, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, Sichuan, China.
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Ghosh A, Agrawal M, Agrawal SB. Effect of water deficit stress on an Indian wheat cultivar (Triticum aestivum L. HD 2967) under ambient and elevated level of ozone. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 714:136837. [PMID: 32018978 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The response of a wheat cultivar (HD 2967) under the combination of elevated ozone (O3) and water deficit stress (WS) was evaluated in terms of morphological, physiological and yield parameters along with nutrient uptake and their redistribution to different plant parts. An open-top chamber experiment has been conducted under O3 exposures (ambient (A) and ambient +20 ppb O3 (E)) along with two different water regimes (well-watered; WW and water deficit with 50% of soil capacity; WS). Most of the growth parameters showed significant reductions due to elevated O3 under both WW and WS conditions. Stomatal conductance and assimilation rate reduced significantly under the combined stress as compared to their controls (AWW). The maximum decrease in grain yield was observed under the additive effect of both the stresses of water deficit and elevated O3 (-43.6%), followed by water deficit stress (-19.8%) and elevated O3 (-17.9%) as compared to the control (AWW). Furthermore, the study displayed that reduced water availability has checked the uptake of nutrients in the roots, shoot and leaves, while, a higher carbon accumulation has been observed with subsequent increases in C: N and C: K ratios in the leaves. Such limitation of nutrients uptake and photosynthates availability weakened the antioxidative defense system of the test cultivar, making it more sensitive against combined stresses. Besides, the study displayed that the defense system has been remarkably suppressed under the presence of interactive stress factors, which allowed us to predict that the distribution of limited carbon pool has inverse relationship between the plant's defense system and growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annesha Ghosh
- Laboratory of Air Pollution and Global Climate Change, Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Madhoolika Agrawal
- Laboratory of Air Pollution and Global Climate Change, Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Shashi Bhushan Agrawal
- Laboratory of Air Pollution and Global Climate Change, Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India..
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Lysenko EA, Klaus AA, Kartashov AV, Kusnetsov VV. Specificity of Cd, Cu, and Fe effects on barley growth, metal contents in leaves and chloroplasts, and activities of photosystem I and photosystem II. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 147:191-204. [PMID: 31865165 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cd, Cu, and Fe were used to reveal the specificity of their toxic actions. We studied the effects of heavy metals on the growth of barley seedlings, contents of cations in leaves and chloroplasts, induced chlorophyll fluorescence and P700 light absorption. Differences were found at each level of research. We measured the contents of Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, Ca, Mg, and K. The proportion of cations in leaves targeted to chloroplasts varied from 0.1% (K) to >90% (Fe). Their levels changed in different ways. We found no correlation between changes in cation contents in leaves and chloroplasts. Treatment with Cd, Cu, and Fe increased the contents of some cations. The extra portions were targeted primarily out of chloroplasts, which was most noticeable in the case of Cu and Fe. Cd treatment decreased non-photochemical quenching with concomitant increases in closed photosystem II. We introduced new coefficients qC for closed photosystem II and X(II) to compare the yields of photosystem II and photosystem I. Cd likely decreased both PSI content in leaves and its quantum yield. In control plants, the quantum yield ratio of PSI/PSII increased gradually from 1.25 under low light to 4 under high light. Cd treatment prevented the increase under moderate light; under high light the ratio reached 2. Cu treatment increased the acceptor side limitation of photosystem I under low light; components of the Calvin cycle likely demand more light for activation in Cu-treated plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene A Lysenko
- Institute of Plant Physiology RAS, 35 Botanicheskaya St., Moscow, 127276, Russia; Centre for Life Sciences, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 143026, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Alexander A Klaus
- Institute of Plant Physiology RAS, 35 Botanicheskaya St., Moscow, 127276, Russia
| | | | - Victor V Kusnetsov
- Institute of Plant Physiology RAS, 35 Botanicheskaya St., Moscow, 127276, Russia
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Fu XZ, Zhang XY, Qiu JY, Zhou X, Yuan M, He YZ, Chun CP, Cao L, Ling LL, Peng LZ. Whole-transcriptome RNA sequencing reveals the global molecular responses and ceRNA regulatory network of mRNAs, lncRNAs, miRNAs and circRNAs in response to copper toxicity in Ziyang Xiangcheng (Citrus junos Sieb. Ex Tanaka). BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 19:509. [PMID: 31752684 PMCID: PMC6873749 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-019-2087-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Copper (Cu) toxicity has become a potential threat for citrus production, but little is known about related mechanisms. This study aims to uncover the global landscape of mRNAs, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) in response to Cu toxicity so as to construct a regulatory network of competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) and to provide valuable knowledge pertinent to Cu response in citrus. RESULTS Tolerance of four commonly used rootstocks to Cu toxicity was evaluated, and 'Ziyang Xiangcheng' (Citrus junos) was found to be the most tolerant genotype. Then the roots and leaves sampled from 'Ziyang Xiangcheng' with or without Cu treatment were used for whole-transcriptome sequencing. In total, 5734 and 222 mRNAs, 164 and 5 lncRNAs, 45 and 17 circRNAs, and 147 and 130 miRNAs were identified to be differentially expressed (DE) in Cu-treated roots and leaves, respectively, in comparison with the control. Gene ontology enrichment analysis showed that most of the DEmRNAs and targets of DElncRNAs and DEmiRNAs were annotated to the categories of 'oxidation-reduction', 'phosphorylation', 'membrane', and 'ion binding'. The ceRNA network was then constructed with the predicted pairs of DEmRNAs-DEmiRNAs and DElncRNAs-DEmiRNAs, which further revealed regulatory roles of these DERNAs in Cu toxicity. CONCLUSIONS A large number of mRNAs, lncRNAs, circRNAs, and miRNAs in 'Ziyang Xiangcheng' were altered in response to Cu toxicity, which may play crucial roles in mitigation of Cu toxicity through the ceRNA regulatory network in this Cu-tolerant rootstock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Zheng Fu
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400712, China.
- Citrus Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing, 400712, China.
| | - Xiao-Yong Zhang
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400712, China
- Citrus Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing, 400712, China
| | - Jie-Ya Qiu
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400712, China
- Citrus Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing, 400712, China
| | - Xue Zhou
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400712, China
- Citrus Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing, 400712, China
| | - Meng Yuan
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400712, China
- Citrus Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing, 400712, China
| | - Yi-Zhong He
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400712, China
- Citrus Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing, 400712, China
| | - Chang-Pin Chun
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400712, China
- Citrus Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing, 400712, China
| | - Li Cao
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400712, China
- Citrus Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing, 400712, China
| | - Li-Li Ling
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400712, China
- Citrus Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing, 400712, China
| | - Liang-Zhi Peng
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400712, China.
- Citrus Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing, 400712, China.
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Zhou M, Zheng S, Liu R, Lu L, Zhang C, Zhang L, Yant L, Wu Y. The genome-wide impact of cadmium on microRNA and mRNA expression in contrasting Cd responsive wheat genotypes. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:615. [PMID: 31357934 PMCID: PMC6664702 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-5939-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heavy metal ATPases (HMAs) are responsible for Cd translocation and play a primary role in Cd detoxification in various plant species. However, the characteristics of HMAs and the regulatory mechanisms between HMAs and microRNAs in wheat (Triticum aestivum L) remain unknown. RESULTS By comparative microRNA and transcriptome analysis, a total three known and 19 novel differentially expressed microRNAs (DEMs) and 1561 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found in L17 after Cd treatment. In H17, by contrast, 12 known and 57 novel DEMs, and only 297 Cd-induced DEGs were found. Functional enrichments of DEMs and DEGs indicate how genotype-specific biological processes responded to Cd stress. Processes found to be involved in microRNAs-associated Cd response include: ubiquitin mediated proteolysis, tyrosine metabolism, and carbon fixation pathways and thiamine metabolism. For the mRNA response, categories including terpenoid backbone biosynthesis and phenylalanine metabolism, and photosynthesis - antenna proteins and ABC transporters were enriched. Moreover, we identified 32 TaHMA genes in wheat. Phylogenetic trees, chromosomal locations, conserved motifs and expression levels in different tissues and roots under Cd stress are presented. Finally, we infer a microRNA-TaHMAs expression network, indicating that miRNAs can regulate TaHMAs. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that microRNAs play important role in wheat under Cd stress through regulation of targets such as TaHMA2;1. Identification of these targets will be useful for screening and breeding low-Cd accumulation wheat lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhou
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD UK
| | - Shigang Zheng
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan China
| | - Rong Liu
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Lu Lu
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan China
| | - Chihong Zhang
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan China
| | - Levi Yant
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD UK
| | - Yu Wu
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan China
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Schulten A, Bytomski L, Quintana J, Bernal M, Krämer U. Do Arabidopsis Squamosa promoter binding Protein-Like genes act together in plant acclimation to copper or zinc deficiency? PLANT DIRECT 2019; 3:e00150. [PMID: 31276083 PMCID: PMC6600651 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The genome of Arabidopsis thaliana encodes approximately 260 copper (Cu)-dependent proteins, which includes enzymes in central pathways of photosynthesis, respiration and responses to environmental stress. Under Cu-deficient growth conditions, Squamosa promoter binding Protein-Like 7 (SPL7) activates the transcription of genes encoding Cu acquisition systems, and it mediates a metabolic reorganization to economize on Cu. The transcription factor SPL7 groups among comparably large proteins in the SPL family, which additionally comprises a second group of small SPL proteins targeted by miRNA156 with roles in plant development. SPL7 shares extended regions of sequence homology with SPL1 and SPL12. Therefore, we investigated the possibility of a functional overlap between these three members of the group of large SPL family proteins. We compared the spl1 spl12 double mutant and the spl1 spl7 spl12 triple mutant with both the wild type and the spl7 single mutant under normal and Cu-deficient growth conditions. Biomass production, chlorophyll content and tissue elemental composition at the seedling stage, as well as plant and flower morphology during reproductive stages, confirmed the involvement of SPL7, but provided no indication for important roles of SPL1 or SPL12 in the acclimation of Arabidopsis to Cu deficiency. Furthermore, we analyzed the effects of zinc (Zn) deficiency on the same set of mutants. Different from what is known in the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Arabidopsis did not activate Cu deficiency responses under Zn deficiency, and there was no Cu overaccumulation in either shoot or root tissues of Zn-deficient wild type plants. Known Zn deficiency responses were unaltered in spl7, spl1 spl12 and spl1 spl7 spl12 mutants. We observed that CuZnSOD activity is strongly downregulated in Zn-deficient A. thaliana, in association with an about 94% reduction in the abundance of the CSD2 transcript, a known target of miR398. However, different from the known Cu deficiency responses of Arabidopsis, this Zn deficiency response was independent of SPL7 and not associated with an upregulation of MIR398b primary transcript levels. Our data suggest that there is no conservation in A. thaliana of the crosstalk between Zn and Cu homeostasis mediated by the single SPL family protein CRR1 of Chlamydomonas. In the future, resolving how the specificity of SPL protein activation and recognition of target gene promoters is achieved will advance our understanding of the specific functions of different SPL family proteins in the regulation of either Cu deficiency responses or growth and development of land plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Schulten
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Physiology of PlantsRuhr University Bochum, UniversitätsstrasseBochumGermany
| | - Lucas Bytomski
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Physiology of PlantsRuhr University Bochum, UniversitätsstrasseBochumGermany
| | - Julia Quintana
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Physiology of PlantsRuhr University Bochum, UniversitätsstrasseBochumGermany
| | - María Bernal
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Physiology of PlantsRuhr University Bochum, UniversitätsstrasseBochumGermany
| | - Ute Krämer
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Physiology of PlantsRuhr University Bochum, UniversitätsstrasseBochumGermany
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Mermod M, Takusagawa M, Kurata T, Kamiya T, Fujiwara T, Shikanai T. SQUAMOSA promoter-binding protein-like 7 mediates copper deficiency response in the presence of high nitrogen in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2019; 38:835-846. [PMID: 31093688 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-019-02422-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
SQUAMOSA promoter-binding protein-like 7 mediates copper deficiency response in the presence of high nitrogen even with the sufficient level of copper in Arabidopsis thaliana. Under copper (Cu) deficiency, accumulation of mRNA encoding two Cu/Zn superoxide dismutases, CSD1 and CSD2, is downregulated to save Cu for plastocyanin. This downregulation depends on miR398 and is under the control of SQUAMOSA promoter-binding protein-like7 (SPL7). Arabidopsis seedlings are routinely cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium. However, the high nitrogen (N) content of the medium (60 mM) has been shown to induce a similar response to Cu deficiency. The mRNA and protein levels of CSD1 and CSD2 are reduced under high N conditions, even if the Cu concentration in the medium is sufficient (0.1-0.5 µM). In this study, we show that this symptom, similar to the Cu deficiency, occurred in the presence of high N largely depending on SPL7, suggesting that plants actually sensed Cu deficiency. However, a change in N concentration in the medium did not influence the total Cu concentration in shoots or roots. High N did not increase the protein content in leaves but facilitated rapid seedling growth. We speculate that this rapid growth causes a continuous Cu deficiency mainly because of high Cu uptake by mesophyll cells in the leaves. This idea was supported by the observation that plastocyanin did not overaccumulate at the range of 0.1-0.5 µM Cu with 30 mM N. In contrast, in the presence of 5 µM Cu with 30 mM N, plants accumulate more Cu in plastocyanin in the thylakoid lumen, resulting in a slight Cu deficiency in the chloroplast stroma. This process is independent of SPL7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Mermod
- Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Mari Takusagawa
- Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Teruyuki Kurata
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8581, Japan
| | - Takehiro Kamiya
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Toru Fujiwara
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
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50
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Shahbaz M, Pilon M. Conserved Cu-MicroRNAs in Arabidopsis thaliana Function in Copper Economy under Deficiency. PLANTS 2019; 8:plants8060141. [PMID: 31146453 PMCID: PMC6631055 DOI: 10.3390/plants8060141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is a micronutrient for plants. Three small RNAs, which are up-regulated by Cu deficiency and target transcripts for Cu proteins, are among the most conserved microRNAs in plants. It was hypothesized that these Cu-microRNAs help save Cu for the most essential Cu-proteins under deficiency. Testing this hypothesis has been a challenge due to the redundancy of the Cu microRNAs and the properties of the regulatory circuits that control Cu homeostasis. In order to investigate the role of Cu-microRNAs in Cu homeostasis during vegetative growth, we used a tandem target mimicry strategy to simultaneously inhibit the function of three conserved Cu-microRNAs in Arabidopsis thaliana. When compared to wild-type, transgenic lines that express the tandem target mimicry construct showed reduced Cu-microRNA accumulation and increased accumulation of transcripts that encode Cu proteins. As a result, these mimicry lines showed impaired photosynthesis and growth compared to wild type on low Cu, which could be ascribed to a defect in accumulation of plastocyanin, a Cu-containing photosynthetic electron carrier, which is itself not a Cu-microRNA target. These data provide experimental support for a Cu economy model where the Cu-microRNAs together function to allow maturation of essential Cu proteins under impending deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Shahbaz
- Biology Department, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1878, USA.
| | - Marinus Pilon
- Biology Department, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1878, USA.
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