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Broad RC, Ogden M, Dutta A, Dracatos PM, Whelan J, Persson S, Khan GA. The fnr-like mutants confer isoxaben tolerance by initiating mitochondrial retrograde signalling. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2024. [PMID: 38935864 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Isoxaben is a pre-emergent herbicide used to control broadleaf weeds. While the phytotoxic mechanism is not completely understood, isoxaben interferes with cellulose synthesis. Certain mutations in cellulose synthase complex proteins can confer isoxaben tolerance; however, these mutations can cause compromised cellulose synthesis and perturbed plant growth, rendering them unsuitable as herbicide tolerance traits. We conducted a genetic screen to identify new genes associated with isoxaben tolerance by screening a selection of Arabidopsis thaliana T-DNA mutants. We found that mutations in a FERREDOXIN-NADP(+) OXIDOREDUCTASE-LIKE (FNRL) gene enhanced tolerance to isoxaben, exhibited as a reduction in primary root stunting, reactive oxygen species accumulation and ectopic lignification. The fnrl mutant did not exhibit a reduction in cellulose levels following exposure to isoxaben, indicating that FNRL operates upstream of isoxaben-induced cellulose inhibition. In line with these results, transcriptomic analysis revealed a highly reduced response to isoxaben treatment in fnrl mutant roots. The fnrl mutants displayed constitutively induced mitochondrial retrograde signalling, and the observed isoxaben tolerance is partially dependent on the transcription factor ANAC017, a key regulator of mitochondrial retrograde signalling. Moreover, FNRL is highly conserved across all plant lineages, implying conservation of its function. Notably, fnrl mutants did not show a growth penalty in shoots, making FNRL a promising target for biotechnological applications in breeding isoxaben tolerance in crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronan C Broad
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael Ogden
- Department of Plant & Environmental Sciences, Copenhagen Plant Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Arka Dutta
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Peter M Dracatos
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - James Whelan
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Staffan Persson
- Department of Plant & Environmental Sciences, Copenhagen Plant Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ghazanfar Abbas Khan
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, Australia
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2
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Renou J, Li D, Lu J, Zhang B, Gineau E, Ye Y, Shi J, Voxeur A, Akary E, Marmagne A, Gonneau M, Uyttewaal M, Höfte H, Zhao Y, Vernhettes S. A cellulose synthesis inhibitor affects cellulose synthase complex secretion and cortical microtubule dynamics. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024:kiae232. [PMID: 38833284 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiae232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
P4B (2-phenyl-1-[4-(6-(piperidin-1-yl) pyridazin-3-yl) piperazin-1-yl] butan-1-one) is a novel cellulose biosynthesis inhibitor (CBI) discovered in a screen for molecules to identify inhibitors of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) seedling growth. Growth and cellulose synthesis inhibition by P4B were greatly reduced in a novel mutant for the cellulose synthase catalytic subunit gene CESA3 (cesa3pbr1). Cross-tolerance to P4B was also observed for isoxaben-resistant (ixr) cesa3 mutants ixr1-1 and ixr1-2. P4B has an original mode of action as compared with most other CBIs. Indeed, short-term treatments with P4B did not affect the velocity of cellulose synthase complexes (CSCs) but led to a decrease in CSC density in the plasma membrane without affecting their accumulation in microtubule-associated compartments. This was observed in the wild type but not in a cesa3pbr1 background. This reduced density correlated with a reduced delivery rate of CSCs to the plasma membrane but also with changes in cortical microtubule dynamics and orientation. At longer timescales, however, the responses to P4B treatments resembled those to other CBIs, including the inhibition of CSC motility, reduced growth anisotropy, interference with the assembly of an extensible wall, pectin demethylesterification, and ectopic lignin and callose accumulation. Together, the data suggest that P4B either directly targets CESA3 or affects another cellular function related to CSC plasma membrane delivery and/or microtubule dynamics that is bypassed specifically by mutations in CESA3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Renou
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institute Jean-Pierre Bourgin for Plant Sciences (IJPB), 78000 Versailles, France
| | - Deqiang Li
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Juan Lu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Baocai Zhang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Emilie Gineau
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institute Jean-Pierre Bourgin for Plant Sciences (IJPB), 78000 Versailles, France
| | - Yajin Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Jianmin Shi
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Aline Voxeur
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institute Jean-Pierre Bourgin for Plant Sciences (IJPB), 78000 Versailles, France
| | - Elodie Akary
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institute Jean-Pierre Bourgin for Plant Sciences (IJPB), 78000 Versailles, France
| | - Anne Marmagne
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institute Jean-Pierre Bourgin for Plant Sciences (IJPB), 78000 Versailles, France
| | - Martine Gonneau
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institute Jean-Pierre Bourgin for Plant Sciences (IJPB), 78000 Versailles, France
| | - Magalie Uyttewaal
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institute Jean-Pierre Bourgin for Plant Sciences (IJPB), 78000 Versailles, France
| | - Herman Höfte
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institute Jean-Pierre Bourgin for Plant Sciences (IJPB), 78000 Versailles, France
| | - Yang Zhao
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan 650000, China
| | - Samantha Vernhettes
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institute Jean-Pierre Bourgin for Plant Sciences (IJPB), 78000 Versailles, France
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3
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Ogden M, Whitcomb SJ, Khan GA, Roessner U, Hoefgen R, Persson S. Cellulose biosynthesis inhibitor isoxaben causes nutrient-dependent and tissue-specific Arabidopsis phenotypes. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 194:612-617. [PMID: 37823413 PMCID: PMC10828196 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Ogden
- Copenhagen Plant Science Center, Department of Plant & Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C 1871, Denmark
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm 14476, Germany
| | - Sarah J Whitcomb
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm 14476, Germany
- Cereal Crops Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Madison, WI 53726, USA
| | - Ghazanfar Abbas Khan
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Ute Roessner
- Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Acton, Australian Capital Territory 2600, Australia
| | - Rainer Hoefgen
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm 14476, Germany
| | - Staffan Persson
- Copenhagen Plant Science Center, Department of Plant & Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C 1871, Denmark
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, SJTU-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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4
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Guo Y, Li J, Shi J, Mi L, Zhang J, Han S, Liu W, Cheng D, Qiang S, Kalaji HM, Chen S. Griseofulvin Inhibits Root Growth by Targeting Microtubule-Associated Proteins Rather Tubulins in Arabidopsis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108692. [PMID: 37240033 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Griseofulvin was considered an effective agent for cancer therapy in past decades. Although the negative effects of griseofulvin on microtubule stability are known, the exact target and mechanism of action in plants remain unclear. Here, we used trifluralin, a well-known herbicide targeting microtubules, as a reference and revealed the differences in root tip morphology, reactive oxygen species production (ROS), microtubule dynamics, and transcriptome analysis between Arabidopsis treated with griseofulvin and trifluralin to elucidate the mechanism of root growth inhibition by griseofulvin. Like trifluralin, griseofulvin inhibited root growth and caused significant swelling of the root tip due to cell death induced by ROS. However, the presence of griseofulvin and trifluralin caused cell swelling in the transition zone (TZ) and meristematic zone (MZ) of root tips, respectively. Further observations revealed that griseofulvin first destroyed cortical microtubules in the cells of the TZ and early elongation zone (EZ) and then gradually affected the cells of other zones. The first target of trifluralin is the microtubules in the root MZ cells. Transcriptome analysis showed that griseofulvin mainly affected the expression of microtubule-associated protein (MAP) genes rather than tubulin genes, whereas trifluralin significantly suppressed the expression of αβ-tubulin genes. Finally, it was proposed that griseofulvin could first reduce the expression of MAP genes, meanwhile increasing the expression of auxin and ethylene-related genes to disrupt microtubule alignment in root tip TZ and early EZ cells, induce dramatic ROS production, and cause severe cell death, eventually leading to cell swelling in the corresponding zones and inhibition of root growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjing Guo
- Weed Research Laboratory, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Weed Research Laboratory, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jiale Shi
- Weed Research Laboratory, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Liru Mi
- Weed Research Laboratory, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Weed Research Laboratory, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Su Han
- Weed Research Laboratory, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Weed Research Laboratory, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Dan Cheng
- Weed Research Laboratory, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Sheng Qiang
- Weed Research Laboratory, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Hazem M Kalaji
- Institute of Technology and Life Sciences; National Research Institute, Falenty, Al. Hrabska 3, 05-090 Raszyn, Poland
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW, 159 Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Shiguo Chen
- Weed Research Laboratory, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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5
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Wang M, Wang M, Zhao M, Wang M, Liu S, Tian Y, Moon B, Liang C, Li C, Shi W, Bai MY, Liu S, Zhang W, Hwang I, Xia G. TaSRO1 plays a dual role in suppressing TaSIP1 to fine tune mitochondrial retrograde signalling and enhance salinity stress tolerance. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 236:495-511. [PMID: 35751377 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Initially discovered in yeast, mitochondrial retrograde signalling has long been recognised as an essential in the perception of stress by eukaryotes. However, how to maintain the optimal amplitude and duration of its activation under natural stress conditions remains elusive in plants. Here, we show that TaSRO1, a major contributor to the agronomic performance of bread wheat plants exposed to salinity stress, interacted with a transmembrane domain-containing NAC transcription factor TaSIP1, which could translocate from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) into the nucleus and activate some mitochondrial dysfunction stimulon (MDS) genes. Overexpression of TaSIP1 and TaSIP1-∆C (a form lacking the transmembrane domain) in wheat both compromised the plants' tolerance of salinity stress, highlighting the importance of precise regulation of this signal cascade during salinity stress. The interaction of TaSRO1/TaSIP1, in the cytoplasm, arrested more TaSIP1 on the membrane of ER, and in the nucleus, attenuated the trans-activation activity of TaSIP1, therefore reducing the TaSIP1-mediated activation of MDS genes. Moreover, the overexpression of TaSRO1 rescued the inferior phenotype induced by TaSIP1 overexpression. Our study provides an orchestrating mechanism executed by the TaSRO1-TaSIP1 module that balances the growth and stress response via fine tuning the level of mitochondria retrograde signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environment Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Meng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Min Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environment Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Mengcheng Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environment Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Shupeng Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environment Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Yanchen Tian
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environment Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Byeongho Moon
- Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 790-784, South Korea
| | - Chaochao Liang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environment Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Chunlong Li
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environment Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Weiming Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Ming-Yi Bai
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environment Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Shuwei Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environment Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environment Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Inhwan Hwang
- Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 790-784, South Korea
| | - Guangmin Xia
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environment Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
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6
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Barreto P, Koltun A, Nonato J, Yassitepe J, Maia IDG, Arruda P. Metabolism and Signaling of Plant Mitochondria in Adaptation to Environmental Stresses. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911176. [PMID: 36232478 PMCID: PMC9570015 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The interaction of mitochondria with cellular components evolved differently in plants and mammals; in plants, the organelle contains proteins such as ALTERNATIVE OXIDASES (AOXs), which, in conjunction with internal and external ALTERNATIVE NAD(P)H DEHYDROGENASES, allow canonical oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) to be bypassed. Plant mitochondria also contain UNCOUPLING PROTEINS (UCPs) that bypass OXPHOS. Recent work revealed that OXPHOS bypass performed by AOXs and UCPs is linked with new mechanisms of mitochondrial retrograde signaling. AOX is functionally associated with the NO APICAL MERISTEM transcription factors, which mediate mitochondrial retrograde signaling, while UCP1 can regulate the plant oxygen-sensing mechanism via the PRT6 N-Degron. Here, we discuss the crosstalk or the independent action of AOXs and UCPs on mitochondrial retrograde signaling associated with abiotic stress responses. We also discuss how mitochondrial function and retrograde signaling mechanisms affect chloroplast function. Additionally, we discuss how mitochondrial inner membrane transporters can mediate mitochondrial communication with other organelles. Lastly, we review how mitochondrial metabolism can be used to improve crop resilience to environmental stresses. In this respect, we particularly focus on the contribution of Brazilian research groups to advances in the topic of mitochondrial metabolism and signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Barreto
- Departamento de Ciências Químicas e Biológicas, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu 18618-970, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Koltun
- Genomics for Climate Change Research Center, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas 13083-875, Brazil
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Juliana Nonato
- Genomics for Climate Change Research Center, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas 13083-875, Brazil
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Juliana Yassitepe
- Genomics for Climate Change Research Center, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas 13083-875, Brazil
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas 13083-862, Brazil
- Embrapa Agricultura Digital, Campinas 13083-886, Brazil
| | - Ivan de Godoy Maia
- Departamento de Ciências Químicas e Biológicas, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu 18618-970, Brazil
| | - Paulo Arruda
- Genomics for Climate Change Research Center, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas 13083-875, Brazil
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas 13083-862, Brazil
- Centro de Biologia Molecular e Engenharia Genética, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas 13083-875, Brazil
- Correspondence:
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Hartmann A, Berkowitz O, Whelan J, Narsai R. Cross-species transcriptomic analyses reveals common and opposite responses in Arabidopsis, rice and barley following oxidative stress and hormone treatment. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:62. [PMID: 35120438 PMCID: PMC8815143 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03406-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND For translational genomics, a roadmap is needed to know the molecular similarities or differences between species, such as model species and crop species. This knowledge is invaluable for the selection of target genes and pathways to alter downstream in response to the same stimuli. Here, the transcriptomic responses to six treatments including hormones (abscisic acid - ABA and salicylic acid - SA); treatments that cause oxidative stress (3-amino-1,2,4-triazole - 3AT, methyl viologen - MV); inhibit respiration (antimycin A - AA) or induce genetic damage (ultraviolet radiation -UV) were analysed and compared between Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), barley (Hordeum vulgare) and rice (Oryza sativa). RESULTS Common and opposite responses were identified between species, with the number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) varying greatly between treatments and species. At least 70% of DEGs overlapped with at least one other treatment within a species, indicating overlapping response networks. Remarkably, 15 to 34% of orthologous DEGs showed opposite responses between species, indicating diversity in responses, despite orthology. Orthologous DEGs with common responses to multiple treatments across the three species were correlated with experimental data showing the functional importance of these genes in biotic/abiotic stress responses. The mitochondrial dysfunction response was revealed to be highly conserved in all three species in terms of responsive genes and regulation via the mitochondrial dysfunction element. CONCLUSIONS The orthologous DEGs that showed a common response between species indicate conserved transcriptomic responses of these pathways between species. However, many genes, including prominent salt-stress responsive genes, were oppositely responsive in multiple-stresses, highlighting fundamental differences in the responses and regulation of these genes between species. This work provides a resource for translation of knowledge or functions between species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Hartmann
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe Institute for Agriculture and Food (LIAF), La Trobe University, 5 Ring Road Bundoora, Victoria, 3083, Australia
| | - Oliver Berkowitz
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe Institute for Agriculture and Food (LIAF), La Trobe University, 5 Ring Road Bundoora, Victoria, 3083, Australia
| | - James Whelan
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe Institute for Agriculture and Food (LIAF), La Trobe University, 5 Ring Road Bundoora, Victoria, 3083, Australia
| | - Reena Narsai
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe Institute for Agriculture and Food (LIAF), La Trobe University, 5 Ring Road Bundoora, Victoria, 3083, Australia.
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8
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Larson RT, McFarlane HE. Small but Mighty: An Update on Small Molecule Plant Cellulose Biosynthesis Inhibitors. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 62:1828-1838. [PMID: 34245306 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcab108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cellulose is one of the most abundant biopolymers on Earth. It provides mechanical support to growing plant cells and important raw materials for paper, textiles and biofuel feedstocks. Cellulose biosynthesis inhibitors (CBIs) are invaluable tools for studying cellulose biosynthesis and can be important herbicides for controlling weed growth. Here, we review CBIs with particular focus on the most widely used CBIs and recently discovered CBIs. We discuss the effects of these CBIs on plant growth and development and plant cell biology and summarize what is known about the mode of action of these different CBIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raegan T Larson
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Harbord Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3G5, Canada
| | - Heather E McFarlane
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Harbord Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3G5, Canada
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9
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Guo Z, Wang X, Hu Z, Wu C, Shen Z. The pentatricopeptide repeat protein GEND1 is required for root development and high temperature tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 578:63-69. [PMID: 34536829 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) proteins are a large family in land plants that play a role in organellular RNA processing, editing, and splicing. Here, we identify an Arabidopsis thaliana mutant, gend1-1, which exhibits a short root phenotype with reduced meristem size and cell numbers. Positional cloning of GEND1 revealed that it encodes a PPR protein, and functional analysis showed that GEND1 can bind and edit mitochondrial ccmFn-1 mRNA, causing gend1 mutants to have decreased levels of cytochrome C. GEND1 was up-regulated by high temperature conditions, to which gend1 mutants were hypersensitive. Analysis of a set of PPR mutants under high temperature showed that mutants with defects in cytochrome C had comparable temperature sensitivity to gend1. Collectively, these results suggest that cytochrome C plays an important role in root development and high temperature response in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengfei Guo
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhubing Hu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengyun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhenguo Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Bednarek PT, Pachota KA, Dynkowska WM, Machczyńska J, Orłowska R. Understanding In Vitro Tissue Culture-Induced Variation Phenomenon in Microspore System. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:7546. [PMID: 34299165 PMCID: PMC8304781 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In vitro tissue culture plant regeneration is a complicated process that requires stressful conditions affecting the cell functioning at multiple levels, including signaling pathways, transcriptome functioning, the interaction between cellular organelles (retro-, anterograde), compounds methylation, biochemical cycles, and DNA mutations. Unfortunately, the network linking all these aspects is not well understood, and the available knowledge is not systemized. Moreover, some aspects of the phenomenon are poorly studied. The present review attempts to present a broad range of aspects involved in the tissue culture-induced variation and hopefully would stimulate further investigations allowing a better understanding of the phenomenon and the cell functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Tomasz Bednarek
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute—National Research Institute, Radzików, 05-870 Błonie, Poland; (K.A.P.); (W.M.D.); (J.M.); (R.O.)
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11
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Huang L, Li X, Zhang C. Endosidin20-1 is more potent than endosidin20 in inhibiting plant cellulose biosynthesis and molecular docking analysis of cellulose biosynthesis inhibitors on modeled cellulose synthase structure. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 106:1605-1624. [PMID: 33793980 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Endosidin20 (ES20) is a recently identified cellulose biosynthesis inhibitor (CBI) that targets the catalytic site of plant cellulose synthase (CESA). Here, we screened over 600 ES20 analogs and identified nine active analogs named ES20-1 to ES20-9. Among these, endosidin20-1 (ES20-1) had stronger inhibitory effects on plant growth and cellulose biosynthesis than ES20. At the biochemical level, we demonstrated that ES20-1, like ES20, directly interacts with CESA6. At the cellular level, this molecule, like ES20, induced the accumulation of cellulose synthase complexes at the Golgi apparatus and inhibited their secretion to the plasma membrane. Like ES20, ES20-1 likely targets the catalytic site of CESA. However, through molecular docking analysis using a modeled structure of full-length CESA6, we found that both ES20 and ES20-1 might have another target site at the transmembrane regions of CESA6. Besides ES20, other CBIs such as isoxaben, C17, and flupoxam are widely used tools to dissect the mechanism of cellulose biosynthesis and are also valuable resources for the development of herbicides. Here, based on mutant genetic analysis and molecular docking analysis, we have identified the potential target sites of these CBIs on a modeled CESA structure. Some bacteria also produce cellulose, and both ES20 and ES20-1 inhibited bacterial cellulose biosynthesis. Therefore, we conclude that ES20-1 is a more potent analog of ES20 that inhibits intrinsic cellulose biosynthesis in plants, and both ES20 and ES20-1 show an inhibitory effect on bacterial growth and cellulose synthesis, making them excellent tools for exploring the mechanisms of cellulose biosynthesis across kingdoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Huang
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, 915 W. State St., West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
- Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, 610 Purdue Mall, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Xiaohui Li
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, 915 W. State St., West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
- Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, 610 Purdue Mall, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Chunhua Zhang
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, 915 W. State St., West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
- Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, 610 Purdue Mall, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
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12
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Welchen E, Canal MV, Gras DE, Gonzalez DH. Cross-talk between mitochondrial function, growth, and stress signalling pathways in plants. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:4102-4118. [PMID: 33369668 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Plant mitochondria harbour complex metabolic routes that are interconnected with those of other cell compartments, and changes in mitochondrial function remotely influence processes in different parts of the cell. This implies the existence of signals that convey information about mitochondrial function to the rest of the cell. Increasing evidence indicates that metabolic and redox signals are important for this process, but changes in ion fluxes, protein relocalization, and physical contacts with other organelles are probably also involved. Besides possible direct effects of these signalling molecules on cellular functions, changes in mitochondrial physiology also affect the activity of different signalling pathways that modulate plant growth and stress responses. As a consequence, mitochondria influence the responses to internal and external factors that modify the activity of these pathways and associated biological processes. Acting through the activity of hormonal signalling pathways, mitochondria may also exert remote control over distant organs or plant tissues. In addition, an intimate cross-talk of mitochondria with energy signalling pathways, such as those represented by TARGET OF RAPAMYCIN and SUCROSE NON-FERMENTING1-RELATED PROTEIN KINASE 1, can be envisaged. This review discusses available evidence on the role of mitochondria in shaping plant growth and stress responses through various signalling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elina Welchen
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral (CONICET-UNL), Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - María Victoria Canal
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral (CONICET-UNL), Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Diana E Gras
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral (CONICET-UNL), Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Daniel H Gonzalez
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral (CONICET-UNL), Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
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13
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Huang L, Zhang C. The Mode of Action of Endosidin20 Differs from That of Other Cellulose Biosynthesis Inhibitors. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 61:2139-2152. [PMID: 33104193 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcaa136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Endosidin20 (ES20) was recently identified as a cellulose biosynthesis inhibitor (CBI) that targets the catalytic domain of CELLULOSE SYNTHASE 6 (CESA6) and thus inhibits the growth of Arabidopsis thaliana. Here, we characterized the effects of ES20 on the growth of other plant species and found that ES20 is a broad-spectrum plant growth inhibitor. We tested the inhibitory effects of previously characterized CBIs (isoxaben, indaziflam and C17) on the growth of Arabidopsis cesa6 mutants that have reduced sensitivity to ES20. We found that most of these mutants are sensitive to isoxaben, indaziflam and C17, indicating that these tested CBIs have a different mode of action than ES20. ES20 also has a synergistic inhibitory effect on plant growth when jointly applied with other CBIs, further confirming that ES20 has a different mode of action than isoxaben, indaziflam and C17. We demonstrated that plants carrying two missense mutations conferring resistance to ES20 and isoxaben can tolerate the dual inhibitory effects of these CBIs when combined. ES20 inhibits Arabidopsis growth in growth medium and in soil following direct spraying. Therefore, our results pave the way for using ES20 as a broad-spectrum herbicide, and for the use of gene-editing technologies to produce ES20-resistant crop plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Huang
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, 915 W. State Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Purdue Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, 610 Purdue Mall, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Chunhua Zhang
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, 915 W. State Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Purdue Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, 610 Purdue Mall, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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14
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Otsuka K, Mamiya A, Konishi M, Nozaki M, Kinoshita A, Tamaki H, Arita M, Saito M, Yamamoto K, Hachiya T, Noguchi K, Ueda T, Yagi Y, Kobayashi T, Nakamura T, Sato Y, Hirayama T, Sugiyama M. Temperature-dependent fasciation mutants provide a link between mitochondrial RNA processing and lateral root morphogenesis. eLife 2021; 10:61611. [PMID: 33443014 PMCID: PMC7846275 DOI: 10.7554/elife.61611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Although mechanisms that activate organogenesis in plants are well established, much less is known about the subsequent fine-tuning of cell proliferation, which is crucial for creating properly structured and sized organs. Here we show, through analysis of temperature-dependent fasciation (TDF) mutants of Arabidopsis, root redifferentiation defective 1 (rrd1), rrd2, and root initiation defective 4 (rid4), that mitochondrial RNA processing is required for limiting cell division during early lateral root (LR) organogenesis. These mutants formed abnormally broadened (i.e. fasciated) LRs under high-temperature conditions due to extra cell division. All TDF proteins localized to mitochondria, where they were found to participate in RNA processing: RRD1 in mRNA deadenylation, and RRD2 and RID4 in mRNA editing. Further analysis suggested that LR fasciation in the TDF mutants is triggered by reactive oxygen species generation caused by defective mitochondrial respiration. Our findings provide novel clues for the physiological significance of mitochondrial activities in plant organogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurataka Otsuka
- Botanical Gardens, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihito Mamiya
- Botanical Gardens, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mineko Konishi
- Botanical Gardens, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mamoru Nozaki
- Botanical Gardens, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsuko Kinoshita
- Botanical Gardens, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Tamaki
- Botanical Gardens, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaki Arita
- Botanical Gardens, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masato Saito
- Botanical Gardens, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kayoko Yamamoto
- Botanical Gardens, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takushi Hachiya
- Department of Molecular and Functional Genomics, Interdisciplinary Center for Science Research, Shimane University, Shimane, Japan
| | - Ko Noguchi
- Department of Applied Life Science, School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Ueda
- Division of Cellular Dynamics, National Institute for Basic Biology, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yusuke Yagi
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takehito Kobayashi
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takahiro Nakamura
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yasushi Sato
- Biology and Environmental Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, Ehime, Japan
| | - Takashi Hirayama
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Munetaka Sugiyama
- Botanical Gardens, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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15
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Qiao YJ, Gu CZ, Zhu HT, Wang D, Zhang MY, Zhang YX, Yang CR, Zhang YJ. Allelochemicals of Panax notoginseng and their effects on various plants and rhizosphere microorganisms. PLANT DIVERSITY 2020; 42:323-333. [PMID: 33134615 PMCID: PMC7584786 DOI: 10.1016/j.pld.2020.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Panax notoginseng (Araliaceae) is an important ginseng herb with various health benefits and a history of cultivation in southwestern China over 400 years. In recent years P. notoginseng has faced serious continuous-cropping obstacles due to its large-scale cultivation. In this study, we aim to explore the allelochemicals of P. notoginseng and their interactions with various plants and rhizosphere microorganisms. The chemical constituents of the soil cultivated with 3-year-old P. notoginseng were studied by column chromatography, spectroscopic and GC-MS analyses. We identified 13 volatile components and isolated six triterpenes (1-4, 6-7) and one anthraquinone (5). Compounds 1-7 were tested for their effects on seed germination and root elongation in P. notoginseng, corn, wheat, turnip, water spinach and Arabidopsis thaliana. We also examined the effect of compounds 1-7 on the growth of ten rhizosphere microorganisms of P. notoginseng. At a concentration of 1.0 μg mL-1, compounds 3 and 5-7 caused the death of P. notoginseng root cells and compounds 2, 6 and 7 induced the death of root cells of A. thaliana. Compounds 1-5 and 7 inhibited elongation of A. thaliana root tip cells at a concentration of 10.0 μg mL-1. Moreover, at a concentration of 0.1 mg mL-1, compounds 3, 4, 6 and 7 inhibited the growth of probiotics and promoted the growth of pathogens of P. notoginseng. These results suggest that these isolated ursane-type triterpenoid acids and anthraquinone are potential allelochemicals that contribute to continuous-cropping obstacles of P. notoginseng.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Jun Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Cheng-Zhen Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, China
- Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Hong-Tao Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, China
| | - Dong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, China
| | - Meng-Yue Zhang
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Yi-Xuan Zhang
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Chong-Ren Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, China
| | - Ying-Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
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16
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Oldenkott B, Burger M, Hein AC, Jörg A, Senkler J, Braun HP, Knoop V, Takenaka M, Schallenberg-Rüdinger M. One C-to-U RNA Editing Site and Two Independently Evolved Editing Factors: Testing Reciprocal Complementation with DYW-Type PPR Proteins from the Moss Physcomitrium ( Physcomitrella) patens and the Flowering Plants Macadamia integrifolia and Arabidopsis. THE PLANT CELL 2020; 32:2997-3018. [PMID: 32616665 PMCID: PMC7474288 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.20.00311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Cytidine-to-uridine RNA editing is a posttranscriptional process in plant organelles, mediated by specific pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) proteins. In angiosperms, hundreds of sites undergo RNA editing. By contrast, only 13 sites are edited in the moss Physcomitrium (Physcomitrella) patens Some are conserved between the two species, like the mitochondrial editing site nad5eU598RC. The PPR proteins assigned to this editing site are known in both species: the DYW-type PPR protein PPR79 in P. patens and the E+-type PPR protein CWM1 in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). CWM1 also edits sites ccmCeU463RC, ccmBeU428SL, and nad5eU609VV. Here, we reciprocally expressed the P. patens and Arabidopsis editing factors in the respective other genetic environment. Surprisingly, the P. patens editing factor edited all target sites when expressed in the Arabidopsis cwm1 mutant background, even when carboxy-terminally truncated. Conversely, neither Arabidopsis CWM1 nor CWM1-PPR79 chimeras restored editing in P. patens ppr79 knockout plants. A CWM1-like PPR protein from the early diverging angiosperm macadamia (Macadamia integrifolia) features a complete DYW domain and fully rescued editing of nad5eU598RC when expressed in P. patens. We conclude that (1) the independently evolved P. patens editing factor PPR79 faithfully operates in the more complex Arabidopsis editing system, (2) truncated PPR79 recruits catalytic DYW domains in trans when expressed in Arabidopsis, and (3) the macadamia CWM1-like protein retains the capacity to work in the less complex P. patens editing environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastian Oldenkott
- Institut für Zelluläre und Molekulare Botanik, Abt. Molekulare Evolution, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Anke-Christiane Hein
- Institut für Zelluläre und Molekulare Botanik, Abt. Molekulare Evolution, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Anja Jörg
- Molekulare Botanik, Universität Ulm, 89069 Ulm, Germany
| | - Jennifer Senkler
- Department of Plant Proteomics, Institute of Plant Genetics, Leibniz Universität Hannover, 30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Braun
- Department of Plant Proteomics, Institute of Plant Genetics, Leibniz Universität Hannover, 30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - Volker Knoop
- Institut für Zelluläre und Molekulare Botanik, Abt. Molekulare Evolution, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Mizuki Takenaka
- Molekulare Botanik, Universität Ulm, 89069 Ulm, Germany
- Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
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17
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Salomé PA. Plant (RNA) Editors: Testing for Conservation in RNA Editing in Moss and Angiosperms. THE PLANT CELL 2020; 32:2681-2682. [PMID: 32616666 PMCID: PMC7474282 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.20.00511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
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18
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Bednarek PT, Zebrowski J, Orłowska R. Exploring the Biochemical Origin of DNA Sequence Variation in Barley Plants Regenerated via in Vitro Anther Culture. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E5770. [PMID: 32796744 PMCID: PMC7461140 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue culture is an essential tool for the regeneration of uniform plant material. However, tissue culture conditions can be a source of abiotic stress for plants, leading to changes in the DNA sequence and methylation patterns. Despite the growing evidence on biochemical processes affected by abiotic stresses, how these altered biochemical processes affect DNA sequence and methylation patterns remains largely unknown. In this study, the methylation-sensitive Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (metAFLP) approach was used to investigate de novo methylation, demethylation, and sequence variation in barley regenerants derived by anther culture. Additionally, we used Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy to identify the spectral features of regenerants, which were then analyzed by mediation analysis. The infrared spectrum ranges (710-690 and 1010-940 cm-1) identified as significant in the mediation analysis were most likely related to β-glucans, cellulose, and S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM). Additionally, the identified compounds participated as predictors in moderated mediation analysis, explaining the role of demethylation of CHG sites (CHG_DMV) in in vitro tissue culture-induced sequence variation, depending on the duration of tissue culture. The data demonstrate that ATR-FTIR spectroscopy is a useful tool for studying the biochemical compounds that may affect DNA methylation patterns and sequence variation, if combined with quantitative characteristics determined using metAFLP molecular markers and mediation analysis. The role of β-glucans, cellulose, and SAM in DNA methylation, and in cell wall, mitochondria, and signaling, are discussed to highlight the putative cellular mechanisms involved in sequence variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr T. Bednarek
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute—National Research Institute, Radzików, 05-870 Błonie, Poland;
| | - Jacek Zebrowski
- Institute of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Rzeszow, Al. Rejtana 16c A, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland;
| | - Renata Orłowska
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute—National Research Institute, Radzików, 05-870 Błonie, Poland;
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19
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Huang L, Li X, Zhang W, Ung N, Liu N, Yin X, Li Y, Mcewan RE, Dilkes B, Dai M, Hicks GR, Raikhel NV, Staiger CJ, Zhang C. Endosidin20 Targets the Cellulose Synthase Catalytic Domain to Inhibit Cellulose Biosynthesis. THE PLANT CELL 2020; 32:2141-2157. [PMID: 32327535 PMCID: PMC7346566 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.20.00202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Plant cellulose is synthesized by rosette-structured cellulose synthase (CESA) complexes (CSCs). Each CSC is composed of multiple subunits of CESAs representing three different isoforms. Individual CESA proteins contain conserved catalytic domains for catalyzing cellulose synthesis, other domains such as plant-conserved sequences, and class-specific regions that are thought to facilitate complex assembly and CSC trafficking. Because of the current lack of atomic-resolution structures for plant CSCs or CESAs, the molecular mechanism through which CESA catalyzes cellulose synthesis and whether its catalytic activity influences efficient CSC transport at the subcellular level remain unknown. Here, by performing chemical genetic analyses, biochemical assays, structural modeling, and molecular docking, we demonstrate that Endosidin20 (ES20) targets the catalytic site of CESA6 in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Chemical genetic analysis revealed important amino acids that potentially participate in the catalytic activity of plant CESA6, in addition to previously identified conserved motifs across kingdoms. Using high spatiotemporal resolution live cell imaging, we found that inhibiting the catalytic activity of CESA6 by ES20 treatment reduced the efficiency of CSC transport to the plasma membrane. Our results demonstrate that ES20 is a chemical inhibitor of CESA activity and trafficking that represents a powerful tool for studying cellulose synthesis in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Huang
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
- Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - Xiaohui Li
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
- Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - Nolan Ung
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - Nana Liu
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
- Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - Xianglin Yin
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
- Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47906
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
- Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47906
| | - Robert E Mcewan
- Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - Brian Dilkes
- Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - Mingji Dai
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
- Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47906
| | - Glenn R Hicks
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California 92521
- Uppsala Bio Center, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala SE-75007, 19 Sweden
| | - Natasha V Raikhel
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - Christopher J Staiger
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
- Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - Chunhua Zhang
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
- Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
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20
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Meng X, Li L, Narsai R, De Clercq I, Whelan J, Berkowitz O. Mitochondrial signalling is critical for acclimation and adaptation to flooding in Arabidopsis thaliana. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 103:227-247. [PMID: 32064696 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria have critical functions in the acclimation to abiotic and biotic stresses. Adverse environmental conditions lead to increased demands in energy supply and metabolic intermediates, which are provided by mitochondrial ATP production and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Mitochondria also play a role as stress sensors to adjust nuclear gene expression via retrograde signalling with the transcription factor (TF) ANAC017 and the kinase CDKE1 key components to integrate various signals into this pathway. To determine the importance of mitochondria as sensors of stress and their contribution in the tolerance to adverse growth conditions, a comparative phenotypical, physiological and transcriptomic characterisation of Arabidopsis mitochondrial signalling mutants (cdke1/rao1 and anac017/rao2) and a set of contrasting accessions was performed after applying the complex compound stress of submergence. Our results showed that impaired mitochondrial retrograde signalling leads to increased sensitivity to the stress treatments. The multi-factorial approach identified a network of 702 co-expressed genes, including several WRKY TFs, overlapping in the transcriptional responses in the mitochondrial signalling mutants and stress-sensitive accessions. Functional characterisation of two WRKY TFs (WRKY40 and WRKY45), using both knockout and overexpressing lines, confirmed their role in conferring tolerance to submergence. Together, the results revealed that acclimation to submergence is dependent on mitochondrial retrograde signalling, and underlying transcriptional re-programming is used as an adaptation mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangxiang Meng
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Science, ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, 3086, Australia
| | - Lu Li
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Science, ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, 3086, Australia
| | - Reena Narsai
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Science, ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, 3086, Australia
| | - Inge De Clercq
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Science, ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, 3086, Australia
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - James Whelan
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Science, ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, 3086, Australia
| | - Oliver Berkowitz
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Science, ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, 3086, Australia
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21
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Rasmusson AG, Escobar MA, Hao M, Podgórska A, Szal B. Mitochondrial NAD(P)H oxidation pathways and nitrate/ammonium redox balancing in plants. Mitochondrion 2020; 53:158-165. [PMID: 32485334 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2020.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Plant mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation is characterised by alternative electron transport pathways with different energetic efficiencies, allowing turnover of cellular redox compounds like NAD(P)H. These electron transport chain pathways are profoundly affected by soil nitrogen availability, most commonly as oxidized nitrate (NO3-) and/or reduced ammonium (NH4+). The bioenergetic strategies involved in assimilating different N sources can alter redox homeostasis and antioxidant systems in different cellular compartments, including the mitochondria and the cell wall. Conversely, changes in mitochondrial redox systems can affect plant responses to N. This review explores the integration between N assimilation, mitochondrial redox metabolism, and apoplast metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allan G Rasmusson
- Lund University, Department of Biology, Sölvegatan 35B, 22362 Lund, Sweden.
| | - Matthew A Escobar
- California State University San Marcos, 333 S. Twin Oaks Valley Rd., San Marcos, CA 92096, USA
| | - Mengshu Hao
- Lund University, Department of Biology, Sölvegatan 35B, 22362 Lund, Sweden
| | - Anna Podgórska
- University of Warsaw, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Experimental Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Ilii Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bożena Szal
- University of Warsaw, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Experimental Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Ilii Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
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22
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Brehme N, Glass F, Jörg A, Takenaka M. MEF46 and MEF47 are novel specificity factors for RNA editing sites in mitochondrial nad transcripts. Mitochondrion 2020; 53:121-127. [PMID: 32439621 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2020.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Terrestrial plants have C-to-U RNA editing in the transcripts of plastids and mitochondria. Target specificity for more than several hundred editing sites are governed by PLS (PPR, Long and Short) class Pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) proteins with additional C-terminal domains. Half of these PPR proteins have DYW (Aspartate (D), Tyrosine (Y) and Tryptophan (W)) domains, which most likely harbour cytidine deaminase activity. The other half of them, E subclass and E+ subclass proteins, contain no or only a part of the DYW domain. Missing DYW domains in the E and E+ subclass PPR proteins are likely to be complemented by other DYW containing proteins. All target sites of so far characterized E+ subclass PPR proteins show defects in dyw2 mutants, suggesting that the DYW2 protein complements the missing DYW domains in the E+ subclass PPR proteins. Here we report two novel RNA editing factors, MEF46 and MEF47, which belong to E+ and E subclass, respectively. The defective editing site in mef46, nad5-1958, overlaps with the affected sites in dyw2 mutants, while that in mef47, nad3-64 and ccmC-614 do not, further supporting the specific functional connection between E+ subclass PPR proteins and DYW2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadja Brehme
- Molekulare Botanik, Universität Ulm, 89069 Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Anja Jörg
- Molekulare Botanik, Universität Ulm, 89069 Ulm, Germany
| | - Mizuki Takenaka
- Molekulare Botanik, Universität Ulm, 89069 Ulm, Germany; Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
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23
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Pfannschmidt T, Terry MJ, Van Aken O, Quiros PM. Retrograde signals from endosymbiotic organelles: a common control principle in eukaryotic cells. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2020; 375:20190396. [PMID: 32362267 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2019.0396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Endosymbiotic organelles of eukaryotic cells, the plastids, including chloroplasts and mitochondria, are highly integrated into cellular signalling networks. In both heterotrophic and autotrophic organisms, plastids and/or mitochondria require extensive organelle-to-nucleus communication in order to establish a coordinated expression of their own genomes with the nuclear genome, which encodes the majority of the components of these organelles. This goal is achieved by the use of a variety of signals that inform the cell nucleus about the number and developmental status of the organelles and their reaction to changing external environments. Such signals have been identified in both photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic eukaryotes (known as retrograde signalling and retrograde response, respectively) and, therefore, appear to be universal mechanisms acting in eukaryotes of all kingdoms. In particular, chloroplasts and mitochondria both harbour crucial redox reactions that are the basis of eukaryotic life and are, therefore, especially susceptible to stress from the environment, which they signal to the rest of the cell. These signals are crucial for cell survival, lifespan and environmental adjustment, and regulate quality control and targeted degradation of dysfunctional organelles, metabolic adjustments, and developmental signalling, as well as induction of apoptosis. The functional similarities between retrograde signalling pathways in autotrophic and non-autotrophic organisms are striking, suggesting the existence of common principles in signalling mechanisms or similarities in their evolution. Here, we provide a survey for the newcomers to this field of research and discuss the importance of retrograde signalling in the context of eukaryotic evolution. Furthermore, we discuss commonalities and differences in retrograde signalling mechanisms and propose retrograde signalling as a general signalling mechanism in eukaryotic cells that will be also of interest for the specialist. This article is part of the theme issue 'Retrograde signalling from endosymbiotic organelles'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Pfannschmidt
- Institute of Botany, Plant Physiology, Leibniz University Hannover, Herrenhäuser Straße 2, 30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - Matthew J Terry
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Olivier Van Aken
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 35, 223 62 Lund, Sweden
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24
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Han YJ, Kim JI. Application of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing for the development of herbicide-resistant plants. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY REPORTS 2019; 13:447-457. [PMID: 0 DOI: 10.1007/s11816-019-00575-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
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25
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Vaahtera L, Schulz J, Hamann T. Cell wall integrity maintenance during plant development and interaction with the environment. NATURE PLANTS 2019; 5:924-932. [PMID: 31506641 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-019-0502-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Cell walls are highly dynamic structures that provide mechanical support for plant cells during growth, development and adaptation to a changing environment. Thus, it is important for plants to monitor the state of their cell walls and ensure their functional integrity at all times. This monitoring involves perception of physical forces at the cell wall-plasma membrane interphase. These forces are altered during cell division and morphogenesis, as well as in response to various abiotic and biotic stresses. Mechanisms responsible for the perception of physical stimuli involved in these processes have been difficult to separate from other regulatory mechanisms perceiving chemical signals such as hormones, peptides or cell wall fragments. However, recently developed technologies in combination with more established genetic and biochemical approaches are beginning to open up this exciting field of study. Here, we will review our current knowledge of plant cell wall integrity signalling using selected recent findings and highlight how the cell wall-plasma membrane interphase can act as a venue for sensing changes in the physical forces affecting plant development and stress responses. More importantly, we discuss how these signals may be integrated with chemical signals derived from established signalling cascades to control specific adaptive responses during exposure to biotic and abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauri Vaahtera
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Julia Schulz
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Thorsten Hamann
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
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26
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Coast O, Shah S, Ivakov A, Gaju O, Wilson PB, Posch BC, Bryant CJ, Negrini ACA, Evans JR, Condon AG, Silva-Pérez V, Reynolds MP, Pogson BJ, Millar AH, Furbank RT, Atkin OK. Predicting dark respiration rates of wheat leaves from hyperspectral reflectance. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2019; 42:2133-2150. [PMID: 30835839 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Greater availability of leaf dark respiration (Rdark ) data could facilitate breeding efforts to raise crop yield and improve global carbon cycle modelling. However, the availability of Rdark data is limited because it is cumbersome, time consuming, or destructive to measure. We report a non-destructive and high-throughput method of estimating Rdark from leaf hyperspectral reflectance data that was derived from leaf Rdark measured by a destructive high-throughput oxygen consumption technique. We generated a large dataset of leaf Rdark for wheat (1380 samples) from 90 genotypes, multiple growth stages, and growth conditions to generate models for Rdark . Leaf Rdark (per unit leaf area, fresh mass, dry mass or nitrogen, N) varied 7- to 15-fold among individual plants, whereas traits known to scale with Rdark , leaf N, and leaf mass per area (LMA) only varied twofold to fivefold. Our models predicted leaf Rdark , N, and LMA with r2 values of 0.50-0.63, 0.91, and 0.75, respectively, and relative bias of 17-18% for Rdark and 7-12% for N and LMA. Our results suggest that hyperspectral model prediction of wheat leaf Rdark is largely independent of leaf N and LMA. Potential drivers of hyperspectral signatures of Rdark are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onoriode Coast
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, 2601, Australia
| | - Shahen Shah
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, 2601, Australia
- The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, 25130, Pakistan
| | - Alexander Ivakov
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Translational Photosynthesis, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, 2601, Australia
| | - Oorbessy Gaju
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, 2601, Australia
| | - Philippa B Wilson
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, 2601, Australia
| | - Bradley C Posch
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, 2601, Australia
| | - Callum J Bryant
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, 2601, Australia
| | - Anna Clarissa A Negrini
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, 2601, Australia
| | - John R Evans
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Translational Photosynthesis, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, 2601, Australia
| | - Anthony G Condon
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Translational Photosynthesis, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, 2601, Australia
- CSIRO Agriculture, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, 2601, Australia
| | - Viridiana Silva-Pérez
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Translational Photosynthesis, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, 2601, Australia
- CSIRO Agriculture, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, 2601, Australia
| | - Matthew P Reynolds
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), México, 06600, Mexico
| | - Barry J Pogson
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, 2601, Australia
| | - A Harvey Millar
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
| | - Robert T Furbank
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Translational Photosynthesis, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, 2601, Australia
- CSIRO Agriculture, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, 2601, Australia
| | - Owen K Atkin
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, 2601, Australia
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27
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Hu Z, Zhang T, Rombaut D, Decaestecker W, Xing A, D'Haeyer S, Höfer R, Vercauteren I, Karimi M, Jacobs T, De Veylder L. Genome Editing-Based Engineering of CESA3 Dual Cellulose-Inhibitor-Resistant Plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 180:827-836. [PMID: 30910906 PMCID: PMC6548239 DOI: 10.1104/pp.18.01486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The rapid appearance of herbicide-resistant weeds combined with a lack of novel herbicides being brought to market reduces crop production, thereby threatening food security worldwide. Here, we report on the use of the previously identified cellulose biosynthesis-inhibiting chemical compound C17 as a potential herbicide. Toxicity tests showed that C17 efficiently inhibits the growth of various weeds and widely cultivated dicotyledonous crops, whereas only slight or no growth inhibition was observed for monocotyledonous crops. Surprisingly, when exposed to a mixture of C17 and one of two well-known cellulose biosynthesis inhibitors (CBIs), isoxaben and indaziflam, an additive growth inhibition was observed, demonstrating that C17 has a different mode of action that can be used to sensitize plants toward known CBIs. Moreover, we demonstrate that a C17-resistant CESA3 allele can be used as a positive transformation selection marker and that C17 resistance can be obtained through genome engineering of the wild-type CESA3 allele using clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-mediated base editing. This editing system allowed us to engineer C17 tolerance in an isoxaben-resistant line, resulting in double herbicide-resistant plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhubing Hu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, 475001 Kaifeng, China
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China
| | - Teng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, 475001 Kaifeng, China
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China
| | - Debbie Rombaut
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ward Decaestecker
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Aiming Xing
- Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, 475001 Kaifeng, China
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China
| | | | - Rene Höfer
- Discovery Sciences, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ilse Vercauteren
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Mansour Karimi
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Thomas Jacobs
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lieven De Veylder
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
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28
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Meng X, Li L, De Clercq I, Narsai R, Xu Y, Hartmann A, Claros DL, Custovic E, Lewsey MG, Whelan J, Berkowitz O. ANAC017 Coordinates Organellar Functions and Stress Responses by Reprogramming Retrograde Signaling. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 180:634-653. [PMID: 30872424 PMCID: PMC6501098 DOI: 10.1104/pp.18.01603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria adjust their activities in response to external and internal stimuli to optimize growth via the mitochondrial retrograde response signaling pathway. The Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) NAC domain transcription factor ANAC017 has previously been identified as a regulator of the mitochondrial retrograde response. We show here that overexpression of ANAC017 in Arabidopsis leads to growth retardation, altered leaf development with decreased cell size and viability, and early leaf senescence. RNA sequencing analyses revealed that increased ANAC017 expression leads to higher expression of genes related to mitochondrial stress, cell death/autophagy, and leaf senescence under nonlimiting growth conditions as well as extensive repression of chloroplast function. Gene regulatory network analysis indicated that a complex hierarchy of transcription factors exists downstream of ANAC017. These involve a set of up-regulated ANAC and WRKY transcription factors associated with organellar signaling and senescence. The network also includes a number of ethylene- and gibberellic acid-related transcription factors with established functions in stress responses and growth regulation, which down-regulate their target genes. A number of BASIC LEUCINE-ZIPPER MOTIF transcription factors involved in the endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response or balancing of energy homeostasis via the SNF1-RELATED PROTEIN KINASE1 were also down-regulated by ANAC017 overexpression. Our results show that the endoplasmic reticulum membrane tethering of the constitutively expressed ANAC017, and its controlled release, are crucial to fine-tune a fast reactive but potentially harmful signaling cascade. Thus, ANAC017 is a master regulator of cellular responses with mitochondria acting as central sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangxiang Meng
- Department of Animal, Plant, and Soil Science, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Lu Li
- Department of Animal, Plant, and Soil Science, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Inge De Clercq
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, and VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Reena Narsai
- Department of Animal, Plant, and Soil Science, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Yue Xu
- Department of Animal, Plant, and Soil Science, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Andreas Hartmann
- Department of Animal, Plant, and Soil Science, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Diego Lozano Claros
- Department of Animal, Plant, and Soil Science, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Eddie Custovic
- School of Engineering and Mathematical Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Mathew G Lewsey
- Department of Animal, Plant, and Soil Science, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - James Whelan
- Department of Animal, Plant, and Soil Science, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Oliver Berkowitz
- Department of Animal, Plant, and Soil Science, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Australia
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29
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Takenaka M, Jörg A, Burger M, Haag S. RNA editing mutants as surrogates for mitochondrial SNP mutants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2019; 135:310-321. [PMID: 30599308 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In terrestrial plants, RNA editing converts specific cytidines to uridines in mitochondrial and plastidic transcripts. Most of these events appear to be important for proper function of organellar encoded genes, since translated proteins from edited mRNAs show higher similarity with evolutionary conserved polypeptide sequences. So far about 100 nuclear encoded proteins have been characterized as RNA editing factors in plant organelles. Respective RNA editing mutants reduce or lose editing activity at different sites and display various macroscopic phenotypes from pale or albino in the case of chloroplasts to growth retardation or even embryonic lethality. Therefore, RNA editing mutants can be a useful resource of surrogate mutants for organellar encoded genes, especially for mitochondrially encoded genes that it is so far unfeasible to manipulate. However, connections between RNA editing defects and observed phenotypes in the mutants are often hard to elucidate, since RNA editing factors often target multiple RNA sites in different genes simultaneously. In this review article, we summarize the physiological aspects of respective RNA editing mutants and discuss them as surrogate mutants for functional analysis of mitochondrially encoded genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mizuki Takenaka
- Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan.
| | - Anja Jörg
- Molekulare Botanik, Universität Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89069, Ulm, Germany
| | - Matthias Burger
- Molekulare Botanik, Universität Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89069, Ulm, Germany
| | - Sascha Haag
- Molekulare Botanik, Universität Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89069, Ulm, Germany
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30
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Kramer MC, Anderson SJ, Gregory BD. The nucleotides they are a-changin': function of RNA binding proteins in post-transcriptional messenger RNA editing and modification in Arabidopsis. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 45:88-95. [PMID: 29883934 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2018.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
During and after transcription, the fate of an RNA molecule is almost entirely directed by the cohorts of interacting RNA-binding proteins (RBPs). RBPs regulate all stages of the life cycle of a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule, including splicing, polyadenylation, transport out of the nucleus, RNA stability, and translation. In addition to these functions, RBPs can function to modify or edit the sequences encoded by the RNA. While the sequence for each transcript is determined in the genome, by the time an RNA reaches its final fate, the sequence may have been edited, where one nucleotide is converted to another, or modified, where a chemical group, or sometimes others moieties, are covalently linked to a nucleotide base. These changes to the RNA sequence have major consequences on the function of the RNA. Additionally, variation in the levels of the RBPs that perform the editing or modification can drastically affect the fitness of an organism. Here, we review RBPs that are known to edit or modify RNA ribonucleotides, focusing on the RNA editing ability of the pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) proteins and the RBPs that modify adenosine to N6- methyladenosine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne C Kramer
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania School of Arts and Sciences, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Stephen J Anderson
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania School of Arts and Sciences, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Brian D Gregory
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania School of Arts and Sciences, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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31
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Gigli-Bisceglia N, Hamann T. Outside-in control - does plant cell wall integrity regulate cell cycle progression? PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2018; 164:82-94. [PMID: 29652097 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2017] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
During recent years it has become accepted that plant cell walls are not inert objects surrounding all plant cells but are instead highly dynamic, plastic structures. They are involved in a large number of cell biological processes and contribute actively to plant growth, development and interaction with environment. Therefore, it is not surprising that cellular processes can control plant cell wall integrity (CWI) while, simultaneously, CWI can influence cellular processes. In yeast and animal cells such a bidirectional relationship also exists between the yeast/animal extracellular matrices and the cell cycle. In yeast, the CWI maintenance mechanism and a dedicated plasma membrane integrity checkpoint are mediating this relationship. Recent research has yielded insights into the mechanism controlling plant cell wall metabolism during cytokinesis. However, the knowledge regarding putative regulatory pathways controlling adaptive modifications in plant cell cycle activity in response to changes in the state of the plant cell wall are not yet identified. In this review, we summarize similarities and differences in regulatory mechanisms coordinating extracellular matrices and cell cycle activity in animal and yeast cells, discuss the available evidence supporting the existence of such a mechanism in plants and suggest that the plant CWI maintenance mechanism might also control cell cycle activity in plant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Gigli-Bisceglia
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Thorsten Hamann
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
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32
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Podgórska A, Ostaszewska-Bugajska M, Tarnowska A, Burian M, Borysiuk K, Gardeström P, Szal B. Nitrogen Source Dependent Changes in Central Sugar Metabolism Maintain Cell Wall Assembly in Mitochondrial Complex I-Defective frostbite1 and Secondarily Affect Programmed Cell Death. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082206. [PMID: 30060552 PMCID: PMC6121878 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
For optimal plant growth, carbon and nitrogen availability needs to be tightly coordinated. Mitochondrial perturbations related to a defect in complex I in the Arabidopsis thalianafrostbite1 (fro1) mutant, carrying a point mutation in the 8-kD Fe-S subunit of NDUFS4 protein, alter aspects of fundamental carbon metabolism, which is manifested as stunted growth. During nitrate nutrition, fro1 plants showed a dominant sugar flux toward nitrogen assimilation and energy production, whereas cellulose integration in the cell wall was restricted. However, when cultured on NH4+ as the sole nitrogen source, which typically induces developmental disorders in plants (i.e., the ammonium toxicity syndrome), fro1 showed improved growth as compared to NO3− nourishing. Higher energy availability in fro1 plants was correlated with restored cell wall assembly during NH4+ growth. To determine the relationship between mitochondrial complex I disassembly and cell wall-related processes, aspects of cell wall integrity and sugar and reactive oxygen species signaling were analyzed in fro1 plants. The responses of fro1 plants to NH4+ treatment were consistent with the inhibition of a form of programmed cell death. Resistance of fro1 plants to NH4+ toxicity coincided with an absence of necrotic lesion in plant leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Podgórska
- Institute of Experimental Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, I. Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Monika Ostaszewska-Bugajska
- Institute of Experimental Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, I. Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Agata Tarnowska
- Institute of Experimental Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, I. Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Maria Burian
- Institute of Experimental Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, I. Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Klaudia Borysiuk
- Institute of Experimental Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, I. Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Per Gardeström
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, SE-90187 Umeå, Sweden, .
| | - Bożena Szal
- Institute of Experimental Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, I. Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland.
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Selinski J, Scheibe R, Day DA, Whelan J. Alternative Oxidase Is Positive for Plant Performance. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 23:588-597. [PMID: 29665989 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2018.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The alternative pathway of mitochondrial electron transport, which terminates in the alternative oxidase (AOX), uncouples oxidation of substrate from mitochondrial ATP production, yet plant performance is improved under adverse growth conditions. AOX is regulated at different levels. Identification of regulatory transcription factors shows that Arabidopsis thaliana AOX1a is under strong transcriptional suppression. At the protein level, the primary structure is not optimised for activity. Maximal activity requires the presence of various metabolites, such as tricarboxylic acid-cycle intermediates that act in an isoform-specific manner. In this opinion article we propose that the regulatory mechanisms that keep AOX activity suppressed, at both the gene and protein level, are positive for plant performance due to the flexible short- and long-term fine-tuning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Selinski
- Department of Animal, Plant, and Soil Science, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Life Science, La Trobe University Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia.
| | - Renate Scheibe
- Division of Plant Physiology, Department of Biology/Chemistry, University of Osnabrueck, D-49069 Osnabrueck, Germany
| | - David A Day
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
| | - James Whelan
- Department of Animal, Plant, and Soil Science, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Life Science, La Trobe University Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
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Shim I, Law R, Kileeg Z, Stronghill P, Northey JGB, Strap JL, Bonetta DT. Alleles Causing Resistance to Isoxaben and Flupoxam Highlight the Significance of Transmembrane Domains for CESA Protein Function. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1152. [PMID: 30197649 PMCID: PMC6118223 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The cellulose synthase (CESA) proteins in Arabidopsis play an essential role in the production of cellulose in the cell walls. Herbicides such as isoxaben and flupoxam specifically target this production process and are prominent cellulose biosynthesis inhibitors (CBIs). Forward genetic screens in Arabidopsis revealed that mutations that can result in varying degrees of resistance to either isoxaben or flupoxam CBI can be attributed to single amino acid substitutions in primary wall CESAs. Missense mutations were almost exclusively present in the predicted transmembrane regions of CESA1, CESA3, and CESA6. Resistance to isoxaben was also conferred by modification to the catalytic residues of CESA3. This resulted in cellulose deficient phenotypes characterized by reduced crystallinity and dwarfism. However, mapping of mutations to the transmembrane regions also lead to growth phenotypes and altered cellulose crystallinity phenotypes. These results provide further genetic evidence supporting the involvement of CESA transmembrane regions in cellulose biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Shim
- Faculty of Science, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Oshawa, ON, Canada
| | - Robert Law
- Faculty of Science, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Oshawa, ON, Canada
| | - Zachary Kileeg
- Faculty of Science, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Oshawa, ON, Canada
| | - Patricia Stronghill
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough Campus, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Julian G. B. Northey
- Faculty of Science, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Oshawa, ON, Canada
| | - Janice L. Strap
- Faculty of Science, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Oshawa, ON, Canada
| | - Dario T. Bonetta
- Faculty of Science, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Oshawa, ON, Canada
- *Correspondence: Dario T. Bonetta,
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Gigli-Bisceglia N, Engelsdorf T, Strnad M, Vaahtera L, Khan GA, Jamoune A, Alipanah L, Novák O, Persson S, Hejatko J, Hamann T. Cell wall integrity modulates Arabidopsis thaliana cell cycle gene expression in a cytokinin- and nitrate reductase-dependent manner. Development 2018; 145:dev.166678. [DOI: 10.1242/dev.166678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
During plant growth and defense, cell cycle activity needs to be coordinated with cell wall integrity. Little is known about how coordination is achieved. Here we investigated coordination in Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings by studying the impact of cell wall damage (CWD, caused by cellulose biosynthesis inhibition) on cytokinin homeostasis, cell cycle gene expression and shape in root tips. CWD inhibited cell cycle gene expression and increased transition zone cell width in an osmo-sensitive manner. These results were correlated with CWD-induced, osmo-sensitive changes in cytokinin homeostasis. Expression of CYTOKININ OXIDASE/DEHYDROGENASE2 and 3 (CKX2, CKX3), encoding cytokinin-degrading enzymes was induced by CWD and reduced by osmoticum treatment. In nitrate reductase1 nitrate reductase2 (nia1 nia2) seedlings, neither CKX2 and CKX3 transcript levels were increased nor cell cycle gene expression repressed by CWD. Moreover, established CWD-induced responses like jasmonic acid, salicylic acid and lignin production, were also absent, implying a central role of NIA1- and NIA2-mediated processes in regulation of CWD responses. These results suggest that CWD enhances cytokinin degradation rates through a NIA1 and NIA2-mediated process, subsequently attenuating cell cycle gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Gigli-Bisceglia
- Department of Biology, Høgskoleringen 5, Realfagbygget, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Timo Engelsdorf
- Department of Biology, Høgskoleringen 5, Realfagbygget, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Miroslav Strnad
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences & Faculty of Science of Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Lauri Vaahtera
- Department of Biology, Høgskoleringen 5, Realfagbygget, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | | | - Amel Jamoune
- Laboratory of Molecular Plant Physiology and Functional Genomics and Proteomics of Plants CEITEC-Central European Institute of Technology Masaryk University Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Leila Alipanah
- Department of Biology, Høgskoleringen 5, Realfagbygget, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ondřej Novák
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences & Faculty of Science of Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Staffan Persson
- School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Jan Hejatko
- Laboratory of Molecular Plant Physiology and Functional Genomics and Proteomics of Plants CEITEC-Central European Institute of Technology Masaryk University Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Thorsten Hamann
- Department of Biology, Høgskoleringen 5, Realfagbygget, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
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Zhou T, Hua Y, Zhang B, Zhang X, Zhou Y, Shi L, Xu F. Low-Boron Tolerance Strategies Involving Pectin-Mediated Cell Wall Mechanical Properties in Brassica napus. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 58:1991-2005. [PMID: 29016959 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcx130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Boron (B) is an essential micronutrient for the growth and development of plants. Oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) is a staple oleaginous crop, which is greatly susceptible to B deficiency. Significant differences in tolerance of low-B stresses are observed in rapeseed genotypes, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear, particularly at the single-cell level. Here we provide novel insights into pectin-mediated cell wall (CW) mechanical properties implicated in the differential tolerance of low B in rapeseed genotypes. Under B deficiency, suspension cells of the low-B-sensitive genotype 'W10' showed more severely deformed morphology, lower viabilities and a more easily ruptured CW than those of the low-B-tolerant genotype 'QY10'. Cell rupture was attributed to the weakened CW mechanical strength detected by atomic force microscopy; the CW mechanical strength of 'QY10' was reduced by 13.6 and 17.4%, whereas that of 'W10' was reduced by 29.0 and 30.4% under 0.25 and 0.10 μM B conditions, respectively. The mechanical strength differences between 'QY10' and 'W10' were diminished after the removal of pectin. Further, 'W10' exhibited significantly higher pectin concentrations with much more rhamnogalacturonan II (RG-II) monomer, and also presented obviously higher mRNA abundances of pectin biosynthesis-related genes than 'QY10' under B deficiency. CW regeneration was more difficult for protoplasts of 'W10' than for those of 'QY10'. Taking the results together, we conclude that the variations in pectin-endowed CW mechanical properties play key roles in modulating the differential genotypic tolerance of rapeseed to low-B stresses at both the single-cell and the plant level, and this can potentially be used as a selection trait for low-B-tolerant rapeseed breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Microelement Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yingpeng Hua
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Microelement Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Baocai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Xiuqing Zhang
- Microelement Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yihua Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Lei Shi
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Microelement Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Fangsen Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Microelement Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
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Two interacting PPR proteins are major Arabidopsis editing factors in plastid and mitochondria. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:8877-8882. [PMID: 28760958 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1705780114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA editing is converting hundreds of cytosines into uridines during organelle gene expression of land plants. The pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) proteins are at the core of this posttranscriptional RNA modification. Even if a PPR protein defines the editing site, a DYW domain of the same or another PPR protein is believed to catalyze the deamination. To give insight into the organelle RNA editosome, we performed tandem affinity purification of the plastidial CHLOROPLAST BIOGENESIS 19 (CLB19) PPR editing factor. Two PPR proteins, dually targeted to mitochondria and chloroplasts, were identified as potential partners of CLB19. These two proteins, a P-type PPR and a member of a small PPR-DYW subfamily, were shown to interact in yeast. Insertional mutations resulted in embryo lethality that could be rescued by embryo-specific complementation. A transcriptome analysis of these complemented plants showed major editing defects in both organelles with a very high PPR type specificity, indicating that the two proteins are core members of E+-type PPR editosomes.
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Dejonghe W, Russinova E. Plant Chemical Genetics: From Phenotype-Based Screens to Synthetic Biology. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 174:5-20. [PMID: 28275150 PMCID: PMC5411137 DOI: 10.1104/pp.16.01805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The treatment of a biological system with small molecules to specifically perturb cellular functions is commonly referred to as chemical biology. Small molecules are used commercially as drugs, herbicides, and fungicides in different systems, but in recent years they are increasingly exploited as tools for basic research. For instance, chemical genetics involves the discovery of small-molecule effectors of various cellular functions through screens of compound libraries. Whereas the drug discovery field has largely been driven by target-based screening approaches followed by drug optimization, chemical genetics in plant systems tends to be fueled by more general phenotype-based screens, opening the possibility to identify a wide range of small molecules that are not necessarily directly linked to the process of interest. Here, we provide an overview of the current progress in chemical genetics in plants, with a focus on the discoveries regarding small molecules identified in screens designed with a basic biology perspective. We reflect on the possibilities that lie ahead and discuss some of the potential pitfalls that might be encountered upon adopting a given chemical genetics approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wim Dejonghe
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium (W.D., E.R); and
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium (W.D., E.R.)
| | - Eugenia Russinova
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium (W.D., E.R); and
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium (W.D., E.R.)
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Xiao L, Quan M, Du Q, Chen J, Xie J, Zhang D. Allelic Interactions among Pto-MIR475b and Its Four Target Genes Potentially Affect Growth and Wood Properties in Populus. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1055. [PMID: 28680433 PMCID: PMC5478899 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play crucial roles in plant growth and development, but few studies have illuminated the allelic interactions among miRNAs and their targets in perennial plants. Here, we combined analysis of expression patterns and single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based association studies to explore the interactions between Pto-MIR475b and its four target genes (Pto-PPR1, Pto-PPR2, Pto-PPR3, and Pto-PPR4) in 435 unrelated individuals of Populus tomentosa. Expression patterns showed a significant negative correlation (r = -0.447 to -0.411, P < 0.01) between Pto-MIR475b and its four targets in eight tissues of P. tomentosa, suggesting that Pto-miR475b may negatively regulate the four targets. Single SNP-based association studies identified 93 significant associations (P < 0.01, Q < 0.1) representing associations of 80 unique SNPs in Pto-MIR475b and its four targets with nine traits, revealing their potential roles in tree growth and wood formation. Moreover, one common SNP in the precursor region significantly altered the secondary structure of the pre-Pto-miR475b and changed the expression level of Pto-MIR475b. Analysis of epistatic interactions identified 115 significant SNP-SNP associations (P < 0.01) representing 45 unique SNPs from Pto-MIR475b and its four targets for 10 traits, revealing that genetic interactions between Pto-MIR475b and its targets influence quantitative traits of perennial plants. Our study provided a feasible strategy to study population genetics in forest trees and enhanced our understanding of miRNAs by dissecting the allelic interactions between this miRNA and its targets in P. tomentosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Xiao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Mingyang Quan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Qingzhang Du
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Jinhui Chen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Jianbo Xie
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Deqiang Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing, China
- *Correspondence: Deqiang Zhang,
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40
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Hofmann NR. A Functional Link between Mitochondria and the Cell Wall in Stress Responses. THE PLANT CELL 2016; 28:1996. [PMID: 27597776 PMCID: PMC5059815 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.16.00691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
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