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Moor H, Bergamini A, Vorburger C, Holderegger R, Bühler C, Bircher N, Schmidt BR. Building pondscapes for amphibian metapopulations. CONSERVATION BIOLOGY : THE JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR CONSERVATION BIOLOGY 2024:e14165. [PMID: 38711380 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.14281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
The success of ponds constructed to restore ecological infrastructure for pond-breeding amphibians and benefit aquatic biodiversity depends on where and how they are built. We studied effects of pond and landscape characteristics, including connectivity, on metapopulation dynamics of 12 amphibian species in Switzerland. To understand the determinants of long-term occupancy (here summarized as incidence), environmental effects on both colonization and persistence should be considered. We fitted dynamic occupancy models to 20 years of monitoring data on a pond construction program to quantify effects of pond and landscape characteristics and different connectivity metrics on colonization and persistence probabilities in constructed ponds. Connectivity to existing populations explained dynamics better than structural connectivity metrics, and simple metrics (distance to the nearest neighbor population, population density) were useful surrogates for dispersal kernel-weighted metrics commonly used in metapopulation theory. Population connectivity mediated the persistence of conservation target species in new ponds, suggesting source-sink dynamics in newly established populations. Population density captured this effect well and could be used by practitioners for site selection. Ponds created where there were 2-4 occupied ponds within a radius of ∼0.5 km had >3.5 times higher incidence of target species (median) than isolated ponds. Species had individual preferences regarding pond characteristics, but breeding sites with larger (≥100 m2) total water surface area, that temporarily dried, and that were in surroundings with maximally 50% forest benefitted multiple target species. Pond diversity will foster amphibian diversity at the landscape scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Moor
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
- Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology Eawag, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Ariel Bergamini
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Vorburger
- Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology Eawag, Dübendorf, Switzerland
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Rolf Holderegger
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Nicolas Bircher
- Sektion Natur and Landschaft, Kanton Aargau, Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Benedikt R Schmidt
- info fauna karch, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
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2
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Identifying factors linked with persistence of reintroduced populations: Lessons learned from 25 years of amphibian translocations. Glob Ecol Conserv 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2022.e02078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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3
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Rhinehart TA, Turek D, Kitzes J. A continuous‐score occupancy model that incorporates uncertain machine learning output from autonomous biodiversity surveys. Methods Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.13905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel Turek
- Department of Mathematics & Statistics Williams College
| | - Justin Kitzes
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Pittsburgh
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4
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DiRenzo GV, Miller DAW, Grant EHC. Ignoring species availability biases occupancy estimates in single‐scale occupancy models. Methods Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.13881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Graziella V. DiRenzo
- U.S. Geological Survey, Massachusetts Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit University of Massachusetts Amherst, MA 01003 USA
| | - David A. W. Miller
- Department of Ecosystem Science and Management, Pennsylvania State University, 411 Forest Resources Building University Park PA 16802 USA
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5
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Pantel JH, Lamy T, Dubart M, Pointier J, Jarne P, David P. Metapopulation dynamics of multiple species in a heterogeneous landscape. ECOL MONOGR 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ecm.1515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. H. Pantel
- Ecological Modelling, Faculty of Biology University of Duisburg‐Essen, Universitätsstraße 5 Essen Germany
- CEFE UMR 5175, CNRS ‐ Université de Montpellier ‐ Université Paul‐Valéry Montpellier – IRD – EPHE, 1919 route de Mende Montpellier France
| | - T. Lamy
- CEFE UMR 5175, CNRS ‐ Université de Montpellier ‐ Université Paul‐Valéry Montpellier – IRD – EPHE, 1919 route de Mende Montpellier France
- University of California, Santa Barbara Marine Science Institute, Bldg 520 Rm 3407 Fl 3L Santa Barbara CA
| | - M. Dubart
- CEFE UMR 5175, CNRS ‐ Université de Montpellier ‐ Université Paul‐Valéry Montpellier – IRD – EPHE, 1919 route de Mende Montpellier France
| | - J.‐P. Pointier
- CRIOBE, USR 3278 CNRS–EPHE, PSL Research University, Université de Perpignan France
| | - P. Jarne
- CEFE UMR 5175, CNRS ‐ Université de Montpellier ‐ Université Paul‐Valéry Montpellier – IRD – EPHE, 1919 route de Mende Montpellier France
| | - P. David
- CEFE UMR 5175, CNRS ‐ Université de Montpellier ‐ Université Paul‐Valéry Montpellier – IRD – EPHE, 1919 route de Mende Montpellier France
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6
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Hossack BR, Lemos-Espinal JA, Sigafus BH, Muths E, Carreón Arroyo G, Toyos Martinez D, Hurtado Félix D, Padilla GM, Goldberg CS, Jones TR, Sredl MJ, Chambert T, Rorabaugh JC. Distribution of tiger salamanders in northern Sonora, Mexico: comparison of sampling methods and possible implications for an endangered subspecies. AMPHIBIA-REPTILIA 2021. [DOI: 10.1163/15685381-bja10072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Many aquatic species in the arid USA-Mexico borderlands region are imperiled, but limited information on distributions and threats often hinders management. To provide information on the distribution of the Western Tiger Salamander (Ambystoma mavortium), including the USA-federally endangered Sonoran Tiger Salamander (Ambystoma mavortium stebbinsi), we used traditional (seines, dip-nets) and modern (environmental DNA [eDNA]) methods to sample 91 waterbodies in northern Sonora, Mexico, during 2015-2018. The endemic Sonoran Tiger Salamander is threatened by introgressive hybridization and potential replacement by another sub-species of the Western Tiger Salamander, the non-native Barred Tiger Salamander (A. m. mavortium). Based on occupancy models that accounted for imperfect detection, eDNA sampling provided a similar detection probability (0.82 [95% CI: 0.56-0.94]) as seining (0.83 [0.46-0.96]) and much higher detection than dip-netting (0.09 [0.02-0.23]). Volume of water filtered had little effect on detection, possibly because turbid sites had greater densities of salamanders. Salamanders were estimated to occur at 51 sites in 3 river drainages in Sonora. These results indicate tiger salamanders are much more widespread in northern Sonora than previously documented, perhaps aided by changes in land and water management practices. However, because the two subspecies of salamanders cannot be reliably distinguished based on morphology or eDNA methods that are based on mitochondrial DNA, we are uncertain if we detected only native genotypes or if we documented recent invasion of the area by the non-native sub-species. Thus, there is an urgent need for methods to reliably distinguish the subspecies so managers can identify appropriate interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blake R. Hossack
- U.S. Geological Survey, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center, Wildlife Biology Program, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA
| | | | - Brent H. Sigafus
- U.S. Geological Survey, Southwest Biological Science Center, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA
| | - Erin Muths
- U.S. Geological Survey, Fort Collins Science Center, Fort Collins, CO 80526, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Caren S. Goldberg
- School of the Environment, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Thomas R. Jones
- Arizona Game and Fish Department, 5000 W Carefree Hwy, Phoenix, AZ 85086, USA
| | - Michael J. Sredl
- Retired; Arizona Game and Fish Department, 5000 W Carefree Hwy, Phoenix, AZ 85086, USA
| | - Thierry Chambert
- CEFE, CNRS, Paul Valéry University Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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7
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Factors affecting success of conservation translocations of terrestrial vertebrates: A global systematic review. Glob Ecol Conserv 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2021.e01630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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8
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Waterhouse L, White J, See K, Murdoch A, Semmens BX. A Bayesian nested patch occupancy model to estimate steelhead movement and abundance. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2020; 30:e02202. [PMID: 32583579 DOI: 10.1002/eap.2202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic impacts on riverine systems have, in part, led to management concerns regarding the population status of species using these systems. In an effort to assess the efficacy of restoration actions, and in order to improve monitoring of species of concern, managers have turned to PIT (passive integrated transponder) tag studies with in-stream detectors to monitor movements of tagged individuals throughout river networks. However, quantifying movements in a river network using PIT tag data with incomplete coverage and imperfect detections presents a challenge. We propose a flexible Bayesian analytic framework that models the imperfectly detected movements of tagged individuals in a nested PIT tag array river network. This model structure provides probabilistic estimates of up-stream migration routes for each tagged individual based on a set of underlying nested state variables. These movement estimates can be converted into abundance estimates when an estimate of abundance is available for a location within the river network. We apply the model framework to data from steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in the Upper Columbia River basin and evaluate model performance (precision/variance of simulated population sizes) as a function of population tagging rates and PIT tag array detection probability densities within the river system using a simulation framework. This simulation framework provides both model validation (precision) and the ability to evaluate expected performance improvements (variance) due to changes in tagging rates or PIT receiver array configuration. We also investigate the impact of different network configurations on model estimates. Results from such investigations can help inform decisions regarding future monitoring and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynn Waterhouse
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive #0202, La Jolla, California, 92093-0202, USA
- John G. Shedd Aquarium, 1200 South Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, Illinois, 60605, USA
| | - Jody White
- 29463 Hexon Road, Parma, Idaho, 83660, USA
| | - Kevin See
- Biomark, 705 South 8th Street, Boise, Idaho, 83702, USA
| | - Andrew Murdoch
- Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, Wenatchee, Washington, 98801, USA
| | - Brice X Semmens
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive #0202, La Jolla, California, 92093-0202, USA
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9
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Martel CM, Sutter M, Dorazio RM, Kinziger AP. Using environmental DNA and occupancy modelling to estimate rangewide metapopulation dynamics. Mol Ecol 2020; 30:3340-3354. [PMID: 33063415 DOI: 10.1111/mec.15693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrate the power of combining two emergent tools for resolving rangewide metapopulation dynamics. First, we employed environmental DNA (eDNA) surveys to efficiently generate multiseason rangewide site occupancy histories. Second, we developed a novel dynamic, spatial multiscale occupancy model to estimate metapopulation dynamics. The model incorporates spatial relationships, explicitly accounts for non-detection bias and allows direct evaluation of the drivers of extinction and colonization. We applied these tools to examine metapopulation dynamics of endangered tidewater goby, a species endemic to California estuarine habitats. We analysed rangewide eDNA data from 190 geographically isolated sites (813 total water samples) surveyed from 2 years (2016 and 2017). Rangewide estimates of the proportion of sites that were occupied varied little between 2016 (0.52) and 2017 (0.51). However, there was evidence of extinction and colonization dynamics. The probability of extinction of an occupied site (0.106) and probability of colonization of an unoccupied site (0.085) were nearly equal. Stability in site occupancy proportions combined with nearly equal rates of extinction and colonization suggests a dynamic equilibrium between the 2 years surveyed. Assessment of covariate effects revealed that colonization probability increased as the number of occupied neighbouring sites increased and as distance between occupied sites decreased. We show that eDNA surveys can rapidly provide a snapshot of a species distribution over a broad geographic range and, when these surveys are paired with occupancy modelling, can uncover metapopulation dynamics and their drivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chad M Martel
- Department of Fisheries Biology, Humboldt State University, Arcata, CA, USA
| | - Michael Sutter
- Department of Fisheries Biology, Humboldt State University, Arcata, CA, USA
| | | | - Andrew P Kinziger
- Department of Fisheries Biology, Humboldt State University, Arcata, CA, USA
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10
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McGowan CP, Angeli NF, Beisler WA, Snyder C, Rankin NM, Woodrow JO, Wilson JK, Rivenbark E, Schwarzer A, Hand CE, Anthony R, Griffin RK, Barrett K, Haverland AA, Roach NS, Schnieder T, Smith AD, Smith FM, Tolliver JDM, Watts BD. Linking monitoring and data analysis to predictions and decisions for the range-wide eastern black rail status assessment. ENDANGER SPECIES RES 2020. [DOI: 10.3354/esr01063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) has initiated a re-envisioned approach for providing decision makers with the best available science and synthesis of that information, called the Species Status Assessment (SSA), for endangered species decision making. The SSA report is a descriptive document that provides decision makers with an assessment of the current and predicted future status of a species. These analyses support all manner of decisions under the US Endangered Species Act, such as listing, reclassification, and recovery planning. Novel scientific analysis and predictive modeling in SSAs could be an important part of rooting conservation decisions in current data and cutting edge analytical and modeling techniques. Here, we describe a novel analysis of available data to assess the current condition of eastern black rail Laterallus jamaicensis jamaicensis across its range in a dynamic occupancy analysis. We used the results of the analysis to develop a site occupancy projection model where the model parameters (initial occupancy, site persistence, colonization) were linked to environmental covariates, such as land management and land cover change (sea-level rise, development, etc.). We used the projection model to predict future status under multiple sea-level rise and habitat management scenarios. Occupancy probability and site colonization were low in all analysis units, and site persistence was also low, suggesting low resiliency and redundancy currently. Extinction probability was high for all analysis units in all simulated scenarios except one with significant effort to preserve existing habitat, suggesting low future resiliency and redundancy. With the results of these data analyses and predictive models, the USFWS concluded that protections of the Endangered Species Act were warranted for this subspecies.
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Affiliation(s)
- CP McGowan
- U.S. Geological Survey, Alabama Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA Addresses for other authors are given in Supplement 1 at www.int-res.com/articles/suppl/n043p209_supp/
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11
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Castle ST, Foley P, Clifford DL, Foley J. A stochastic structured metapopulation model to assess recovery scenarios of patchily distributed endangered species: Case study for a Mojave Desert rodent. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0237516. [PMID: 32790738 PMCID: PMC7425968 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
While metapopulation theory offers tractable means to understand extinction risks for patchily-distributed endangered species, real systems often feature discrepant patch quality and accessibility, complex influences of environmental stochasticity, and regional and temporal autocorrelation. Spatially structured metapopulation models are flexible and can use real data but often at the cost of generality. Particularly as resources for management of such species are often critically limited, endangered species management guided by metapopulation modeling requires incorporation of biological realism. Here we developed a flexible, stochastic spatially structured metapopulation model of the profoundly endangered Amargosa vole, a microtine rodent with an extant population of only a few hundred individuals within 1km2 of habitat in the Mojave Desert. Drought and water insecurity are increasing extinction risks considerably. We modelled subpopulation demographics using a Ricker-like model with migration implemented in an incidence function metapopulation model. A set of scenarios was used to assess the effect of anthropogenic stressors or management actions on expected time to extinction (Te) including: 1) wildland fire, 2) anthropogenically-mediated losses of hydrologic flows, 3) drought, 4) intentional expansion of existing patches into ‘megamarshes’ (i.e. via restoration/enhancement), and 5) additive impacts of multiple influences. In isolation, marshes could be sources or sinks, but spatial context within the full metapopulation including adjacency could alter relative impacts of subpopulations on all other subpopulations. The greatest reductions in persistence occurred in scenarios simulated with impacts from drought in combination with fire or anthropogenically-mediated losses of hydrologic flows. Optimal actions to improve persistence were to prevent distant and smaller marshes from acting as sinks through strategic creation of megamarshes that act as sources of voles and stepping-stones. This research reinforces that management resources expended without guidance from empirically-based modeling can actually harm species’ persistence. This metapopulation-PVA tool could easily be implemented for other patchily-distributed endangered species and allow managers to maximize scarce resources to improve the likelihood of endangered species persistence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie T. Castle
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
- Wildlife Investigations Lab, California Department of Fish and Wildlife, Rancho Cordova, California, United States of America
| | - Patrick Foley
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sacramento State University, Sacramento, California, United States of America
| | - Deana L. Clifford
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
- Wildlife Investigations Lab, California Department of Fish and Wildlife, Rancho Cordova, California, United States of America
| | - Janet Foley
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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12
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13
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Howell PE, Hossack BR, Muths E, Sigafus BH, Chandler RB. Informing Amphibian Conservation Efforts with Abundance-Based Metapopulation Models. HERPETOLOGICA 2020. [DOI: 10.1655/0018-0831-76.2.240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paige E. Howell
- Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Blake R. Hossack
- U.S. Geological Survey, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center, Wildlife Biology Program, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA
| | - Erin Muths
- U.S. Geological Survey, Fort Collins Science Center, Fort Collins, CO 80526, USA
| | - Brent H. Sigafus
- U.S. Geological Survey, Southwest Biological Science Center, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Richard B. Chandler
- Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
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14
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Bauer ML, Ferry B, Holman H, Kovach AI. Monitoring a New England Cottontail Reintroduction with Noninvasive Genetic Sampling. WILDLIFE SOC B 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/wsb.1069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa L. Bauer
- Department of Natural Resources and the EnvironmentUniversity of New Hampshire Durham NH 03824 USA
| | - Brett Ferry
- New Hampshire Fish and Game Concord NH 03301 USA
| | - Heidi Holman
- New Hampshire Fish and Game Concord NH 03301 USA
| | - Adrienne I. Kovach
- Department of Natural Resources and the EnvironmentUniversity of New Hampshire Durham NH 03824 USA
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15
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Howell PE, Hossack BR, Muths E, Sigafus BH, Chenevert-Steffler A, Chandler RB. A statistical forecasting approach to metapopulation viability analysis. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2020; 30:e02038. [PMID: 31709679 DOI: 10.1002/eap.2038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Conservation of at-risk species is aided by reliable forecasts of the consequences of environmental change and management actions on population viability. Forecasts from conventional population viability analysis (PVA) are made using a two-step procedure in which parameters are estimated, or elicited from expert opinion, and then plugged into a stochastic population model without accounting for parameter uncertainty. Recently developed statistical PVAs differ because forecasts are made conditional on models fitted to empirical data. The statistical forecasting approach allows for uncertainty about parameters, but it has rarely been applied in metapopulation contexts where spatially explicit inference is needed about colonization and extinction dynamics and other forms of stochasticity that influence metapopulation viability. We conducted a statistical metapopulation viability analysis (MPVA) using 11 yr of data on the federally threatened Chiricahua leopard frog (Lithobates chiricahuensis) to forecast responses to landscape heterogeneity, drought, environmental stochasticity, and management. We evaluated several future environmental scenarios and pond restoration options designed to reduce extinction risk. Forecasts over a 50-yr time horizon indicated that metapopulation extinction risk was <4% for all scenarios, but uncertainty was high. Without pond restoration, extinction risk is forecasted to be 3.9% (95% CI 0-37%) by year 2066. Restoring six ponds by increasing their hydroperiod reduced extinction risk to <1% and greatly reduced uncertainty (95% CI 0-2%). Our results suggest that managers can mitigate the impacts of drought and environmental stochasticity on metapopulation viability by maintaining ponds that hold water throughout the year and keeping them free of invasive predators. Our study illustrates the utility of the spatially explicit statistical forecasting approach to MPVA in conservation planning efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paige E Howell
- Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, Athens, 180 East Green Street, Georgia, 30602, USA
| | - Blake R Hossack
- U.S. Geological Survey, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center, Missoula, Montana, 59801, USA
| | - Erin Muths
- U.S. Geological Survey, Fort Collins Science Center, Fort Collins, Colorado, 80526, USA
| | - Brent H Sigafus
- U.S. Geological Survey, Southwest Biological Science Center, Tucson, Arizona, 85721, USA
| | - Ann Chenevert-Steffler
- U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, Buenos Aires NWR, P.O. Box 109, Sasabe, Arizona, 85633, USA
| | - Richard B Chandler
- Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, Athens, 180 East Green Street, Georgia, 30602, USA
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16
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Murphy BP, Walsworth TE, Belmont P, Conner MM, Budy P. Dynamic Habitat Disturbance and Ecological Resilience (DyHDER): modeling population responses to habitat condition. Ecosphere 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.3023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Brendan P. Murphy
- Department of Watershed Sciences Utah State University Logan Utah 84322 USA
| | - Timothy E. Walsworth
- Department of Watershed Sciences Utah State University Logan Utah 84322 USA
- Ecology Center Utah State University Logan Utah 84322 USA
| | - Patrick Belmont
- Department of Watershed Sciences Utah State University Logan Utah 84322 USA
- Ecology Center Utah State University Logan Utah 84322 USA
| | - Mary M. Conner
- Department of Wildland Resources Utah State University Logan Utah 84322 USA
| | - Phaedra Budy
- Department of Watershed Sciences Utah State University Logan Utah 84322 USA
- Ecology Center Utah State University Logan Utah 84322 USA
- U.S. Geological Survey Utah Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit Utah State University Logan Utah 84322 USA
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17
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Meyer NFV, Moreno R, Sutherland C, de la Torre JA, Esser HJ, Jordan CA, Olmos M, Ortega J, Reyna-Hurtado R, Valdes S, Jansen PA. Effectiveness of Panama as an intercontinental land bridge for large mammals. CONSERVATION BIOLOGY : THE JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR CONSERVATION BIOLOGY 2020; 34:207-219. [PMID: 31385631 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.13384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Habitat fragmentation is a primary driver of wildlife loss, and establishment of biological corridors is a common strategy to mitigate this problem. A flagship example is the Mesoamerican Biological Corridor (MBC), which aims to connect protected forest areas between Mexico and Panama to allow dispersal and gene flow of forest organisms. Because forests across Central America have continued to degrade, the functioning of the MBC has been questioned, but reliable estimates of species occurrence were unavailable. Large mammals are suitable indicators of forest functioning, so we assessed their conservation status across the Isthmus of Panama, the narrowest section of the MBC. We used large-scale camera-trap surveys and hierarchical multispecies occupancy models in a Bayesian framework to estimate the occupancy of 9 medium to large mammals and developed an occupancy-weighted connectivity metric to evaluate species-specific functional connectivity. White-lipped peccary (Tayassu pecari), jaguar (Panthera onca), giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla), white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), and tapir (Tapirus bairdii) had low expected occupancy along the MBC in Panama. Puma (Puma concolor), red brocket deer (Mazama temama), ocelot (Leopardus pardalis), and collared peccary (Pecari tajacu), which are more adaptable, had higher occupancy, even in areas with low forest cover near infrastructure. However, the majority of species were subject to ≥1 gap that was larger than their known dispersal distances, suggesting poor connectivity along the MBC in Panama. Based on our results, forests in Darien, Donoso-Santa Fe, and La Amistad International Park are critical for survival of large terrestrial mammals in Panama and 2 areas need restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ninon F V Meyer
- Departamento de Conservación de la Biodiversidad, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Av. Rancho Poligono 2-A, Ciudad Industrial, 24500, Lerma, Campeche, México
- Fundación Yaguará Panamá, Ciudad del Saber, Edificio 101, Clayton, P.O. Box 0833-0292, Panama
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Luis Clement Avenue, Building 401 Tupper, Balboa Ancon, Postal 0843-03092, Panama
| | - Ricardo Moreno
- Fundación Yaguará Panamá, Ciudad del Saber, Edificio 101, Clayton, P.O. Box 0833-0292, Panama
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Luis Clement Avenue, Building 401 Tupper, Balboa Ancon, Postal 0843-03092, Panama
| | - Christopher Sutherland
- Department of Environmental Conservation, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, U.S.A
| | - J Antonio de la Torre
- Bioconciencia A.C., Ocotepec L10 Mz 74 Esq. Poza Rica, Col. San Jerónimo Aculco, Del. Magdalena Contreras, C.P. 10400, Ciudad de México, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Ecología y Conservación de Vertebrados Terrestres, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ap. Postal 70-275, C. P. 04510, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Helen J Esser
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Luis Clement Avenue, Building 401 Tupper, Balboa Ancon, Postal 0843-03092, Panama
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Resource Ecology Group, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 3a, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Christopher A Jordan
- Global Wildlife Conservation, P.O. Box 129, Austin, TX, 78767, U.S.A
- Panthera, 8W 40th St, 18th Floor, New York, NY, 10018, U.S.A
| | - Melva Olmos
- Panthera, 8W 40th St, 18th Floor, New York, NY, 10018, U.S.A
- Conservación Panamá Inc., calle via Tambo, Finca Radagast, Penonomé, Coclé, Panamá
| | - Josué Ortega
- Fundación Yaguará Panamá, Ciudad del Saber, Edificio 101, Clayton, P.O. Box 0833-0292, Panama
| | - Rafael Reyna-Hurtado
- Departamento de Conservación de la Biodiversidad, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Av. Rancho Poligono 2-A, Ciudad Industrial, 24500, Lerma, Campeche, México
| | - Samuel Valdes
- Biodiversity Consultant Group, Hato Pintado, 78 ½ St, L 13, Ciudad de Panamá, 33172-2780/GEL7200, Panama
| | - Patrick A Jansen
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Luis Clement Avenue, Building 401 Tupper, Balboa Ancon, Postal 0843-03092, Panama
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Resource Ecology Group, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 3a, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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18
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Van Schmidt ND, Beissinger SR. The rescue effect and inference from isolation-extinction relationships. Ecol Lett 2020; 23:598-606. [PMID: 31981448 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The rescue effect in metapopulations hypothesises that less isolated patches are unlikely to go extinct because recolonisation may occur between breeding seasons ('recolonisation rescue'), or immigrants may sufficiently bolster population size to prevent extinction altogether ('demographic rescue'). These mechanisms have rarely been demonstrated directly, and most evidence of the rescue effect is from relationships between isolation and extinction. We determined the frequency of recolonisation rescue for metapopulations of black rails (Laterallus jamaicensis) and Virginia rails (Rallus limicola) from occupancy surveys conducted during and between breeding seasons, and assessed the reliability of inferences about the occurrence of rescue drawn from isolation-extinction relationships, including autologistic isolation measures that corrected for unsurveyed patches and imperfect detection. Recolonisation rescue occurred at expected rates, but was elevated during periods of disturbance that resulted in non-equilibrium metapopulation dynamics. Inferences from extinction-isolation relationships were unreliable, particularly for autologistic measures and for the more vagile Virginia rail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan D Van Schmidt
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California - Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Steven R Beissinger
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California - Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.,Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California - Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
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19
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Howell PE, Sigafus BH, Hossack BR, Muths E. CO-OCCURRENCE OF CHIRICAHUA LEOPARD FROGS (LITHOBATES CHIRICAHUENSIS) WITH SUNFISH (LEPOMIS). SOUTHWEST NAT 2020. [DOI: 10.1894/0038-4909-64-1-69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paige E. Howell
- Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 (PEH)
| | - Brent H. Sigafus
- U.S. Geological Survey, Southwest Biological Science Center, Tucson, AZ 85719 (BHS)
| | - Blake R. Hossack
- U.S. Geological Survey, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center, Missoula, MT 59801 (BRH)
| | - Erin Muths
- U.S. Geological Survey, Fort Collins Science Center, Fort Collins, CO 80526 (EM)
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20
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Neyens T, Diggle PJ, Faes C, Beenaerts N, Artois T, Giorgi E. Mapping species richness using opportunistic samples: a case study on ground-floor bryophyte species richness in the Belgian province of Limburg. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19122. [PMID: 31836780 PMCID: PMC6911062 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55593-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In species richness studies, citizen-science surveys where participants make individual decisions regarding sampling strategies provide a cost-effective approach to collect a large amount of data. However, it is unclear to what extent the bias inherent to opportunistically collected samples may invalidate our inferences. Here, we compare spatial predictions of forest ground-floor bryophyte species richness in Limburg (Belgium), based on crowd- and expert-sourced data, where the latter are collected by adhering to a rigorous geographical randomisation and data collection protocol. We develop a log-Gaussian Cox process model to analyse the opportunistic sampling process of the crowd-sourced data and assess its sampling bias. We then fit two geostatistical Poisson models to both data-sets and compare the parameter estimates and species richness predictions. We find that the citizens had a higher propensity for locations that were close to their homes and environmentally more valuable. The estimated effects of ecological predictors and spatial species richness predictions differ strongly between the two geostatistical models. Unknown inconsistencies in the sampling process, such as unreported observer’s effort, and the lack of a hypothesis-driven study protocol can lead to the occurrence of multiple sources of sampling bias, making it difficult, if not impossible, to provide reliable inferences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Neyens
- Centre for Statistics, Data Science Institute, Hasselt University, Agoralaan, Building D, B-3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium. .,Centre for Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan, Building D, B-3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium. .,Leuven Biostatistics and statistical Bioinformatics Centre, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 35, block D, box 7001, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Peter J Diggle
- Centre for Health Informatics, Computing, and Statistics, Lancaster Medical School, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YW, United Kingdom
| | - Christel Faes
- Centre for Statistics, Data Science Institute, Hasselt University, Agoralaan, Building D, B-3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Natalie Beenaerts
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan, Building D, B-3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Tom Artois
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan, Building D, B-3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Emanuele Giorgi
- Centre for Health Informatics, Computing, and Statistics, Lancaster Medical School, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YW, United Kingdom
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21
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Damschen EI, Brudvig LA, Burt MA, Fletcher RJ, Haddad NM, Levey DJ, Orrock JL, Resasco J, Tewksbury JJ. Ongoing accumulation of plant diversity through habitat connectivity in an 18-year experiment. Science 2019; 365:1478-1480. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aax8992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ellen I. Damschen
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Lars A. Brudvig
- Department of Plant Biology and Program in Ecology, Evolutionary Biology, and Behavior, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Melissa A. Burt
- Kellogg Biological Station and Department of Integrative Biology, Michigan State University, Hickory Corners, MI 49060, USA
| | - Robert J. Fletcher
- Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Nick M. Haddad
- Kellogg Biological Station and Department of Integrative Biology, Michigan State University, Hickory Corners, MI 49060, USA
| | - Douglas J. Levey
- Division of Environmental Biology, National Science Foundation, Alexandria, VA 22314, USA
| | - John L. Orrock
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Julian Resasco
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Joshua J. Tewksbury
- Future Earth, Sustainability Innovation Lab at Colorado and Department of Environmental Studies, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
- Future Earth, School of Global Environmental Sustainability, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA
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22
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Field CR, Ruskin KJ, Cohen JB, Hodgman TP, Kovach AI, Olsen BJ, Shriver WG, Elphick CS. Framework for quantifying population responses to disturbance reveals that coastal birds are highly resilient to hurricanes. Ecol Lett 2019; 22:2039-2048. [DOI: 10.1111/ele.13384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher R. Field
- National Socio‐Environmental Synthesis Center University of Maryland 1 Park Place Annapolis MD 21401 USA
| | - Katharine J. Ruskin
- Ecology and Environmental Sciences program University of Maine 107 Nutting Hall Orono ME 04469 USA
| | - Jonathan B. Cohen
- Department of Environmental and Forest Biology State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry 1 Forestry Drive Syracuse NY 13210 USA
| | - Thomas P. Hodgman
- Maine Department of Inland Fisheries and Wildlife Bird Group 650 State Street Bangor ME 04401 USA
| | - Adrienne I. Kovach
- Department of Natural Resources and the Environment University of New Hampshire 56 College Road Durham NH 03824 USA
| | - Brian J. Olsen
- School of Biology and Ecology University of Maine 200 Clapp Greenhouse Orono ME 04469 USA
| | - W. Gregory Shriver
- Department of Entomology and Wildlife Ecology University of Delaware 257 Townsend Hall Newark DE 19716 USA
| | - Chris S. Elphick
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology Center of Biological Risk University of Connecticut 75 North Eagleville Road, U‐43 Storrs CT 06269 USA
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23
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Zylstra ER, Swann DE, Hossack BR, Muths E, Steidl RJ. Drought-mediated extinction of an arid-land amphibian: insights from a spatially explicit dynamic occupancy model. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2019; 29:e01859. [PMID: 30680832 DOI: 10.1002/eap.1859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Understanding how natural and anthropogenic processes affect population dynamics of species with patchy distributions is critical to predicting their responses to environmental changes. Despite considerable evidence that demographic rates and dispersal patterns vary temporally in response to an array of biotic and abiotic processes, few applications of metapopulation theory have sought to explore factors that explain spatiotemporal variation in extinction or colonization rates. To facilitate exploring these factors, we extended a spatially explicit model of metapopulation dynamics to create a framework that requires only binary presence-absence data, makes few assumptions about the dispersal process, and accounts for imperfect detection. We apply this framework to 22 yr of biannual survey data for lowland leopard frogs, Lithobates yavapaiensis, an amphibian that inhabits arid stream systems in the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. Our results highlight the importance of accounting for factors that govern temporal variation in transition probabilities, as both extinction and colonization rates varied with hydrologic conditions. Specifically, local extinctions were more frequent during drought periods, particularly at sites without reliable surface water. Colonization rates increased when larval and dispersal periods were wetter than normal, which increased the probability that potential emigrants metamorphosed and reached neighboring sites. Extirpation of frogs from all sites in one watershed during a period of severe drought demonstrated the influence of site-level features, as frogs persisted only in areas where most sites held water consistently and where the amount of sediment deposited from high-elevation wildfires was low. Application of our model provided novel insights into how climate-related processes affected the distribution and population dynamics of an arid-land amphibian. The approach we describe has application to a wide array of species that inhabit patchy environments, can improve our understanding of factors that govern metapopulation dynamics, and can inform strategies for conservation of imperiled species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin R Zylstra
- School of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, 85721, USA
| | - Don E Swann
- National Park Service, Saguaro National Park, Tucson, Arizona, 85730, USA
| | - Blake R Hossack
- U.S. Geological Survey, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center, Missoula, Montana, 59801, USA
| | - Erin Muths
- U.S. Geological Survey, Fort Collins Science Center, Fort Collins, Colorado, 80526, USA
| | - Robert J Steidl
- School of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, 85721, USA
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24
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Singer A, Bradter U, Fabritius H, Snäll T. Dating past colonization events to project future species distributions. Methods Ecol Evol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.13134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Singer
- Swedish Species Information CentreSwedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| | - Ute Bradter
- Swedish Species Information CentreSwedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| | - Henna Fabritius
- Swedish Species Information CentreSwedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| | - Tord Snäll
- Swedish Species Information CentreSwedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
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25
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White ER, Smith AT. The role of spatial structure in the collapse of regional metapopulations. Ecology 2018; 99:2815-2822. [PMID: 30347111 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.2546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Many wildlife populations are either naturally, or as a result of human land use, patchily distributed in space. The degree of fragmentation-specifically the remaining patch sizes and habitat configuration-is an important part of population dynamics. Demographic stochasticity is also likely to play an important role in patchy habitats that host small local populations. We develop a simulation model to evaluate the significance of demographic stochasticity and the role fragmentation plays in the determination of population dynamics and the risk of extinction of populations on habitat patches. Our model is formulated as a Markov-chain stochastic process on a finite, spatially explicit array of patches in which probability of successful dispersal is a function of interpatch distance. Unlike past work, we explicitly model local population dynamics and examine how these scale up to the entire population. As a test case, we apply the model to the American pika (Ochotona princeps) population living on the ore dumps in the ghost mining town of Bodie, California. This population has been studied nearly continuously for over four decades and has been of conservation concern as the southern half of the population declined precipitously beginning in 1989. Our model suggests that both the specific configuration of habitat and landscape heterogeneity are necessary and sufficient predictors of the eventual extinction of the southern constellation of patches. This example has important implications, as it suggests that fragmentation alone can lead to regional extinctions within metapopulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Easton R White
- Center for Population Biology, University of California-Davis, Davis, California, 95616, USA
| | - Andrew T Smith
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, 85287-4501, USA
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26
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Ramirez KS, Geisen S, Morriën E, Snoek BL, van der Putten WH. Network Analyses Can Advance Above-Belowground Ecology. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 23:759-768. [PMID: 30072227 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2018.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
An understanding of above-belowground (AG-BG) ecology is important for evaluating how plant interactions with enemies, symbionts, and decomposers affect species diversity and will respond to global changes. However, research questions and experiments often focus on only a limited number of interactions, creating an incomplete picture of how entire communities may be involved in AG-BG community ecology. Therefore, a pressing challenge is to formulate hypotheses of AG-BG interactions when considering communities in their full complexity. Here we discuss how network analyses can be a powerful tool to progress AG-BG research, link across scales from individual to community and ecosystem, visualize community interactions between the two (AG and BG) subsystems, and develop testable hypotheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly S Ramirez
- Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), P.O. Box 50, 6700 AB, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Stefan Geisen
- Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), P.O. Box 50, 6700 AB, Wageningen, The Netherlands; Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 8123, 6700 ES, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Elly Morriën
- Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), P.O. Box 50, 6700 AB, Wageningen, The Netherlands; Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, Department of Ecosystem and Landscape Dynamics (IBED-ELD), University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94248, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Basten L Snoek
- Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), P.O. Box 50, 6700 AB, Wageningen, The Netherlands; Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 8123, 6700 ES, Wageningen, The Netherlands; Theoretical Biology and Bioinformatics, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Wim H van der Putten
- Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), P.O. Box 50, 6700 AB, Wageningen, The Netherlands; Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 8123, 6700 ES, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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27
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Laroche F, Paltto H, Ranius T. Abundance-based detectability in a spatially-explicit metapopulation: a case study on a vulnerable beetle species in hollow trees. Oecologia 2018; 188:671-682. [PMID: 30066028 PMCID: PMC6208700 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-018-4220-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In many fragmented habitats, the detectability of a population in a habitat patch closely depends on the local abundance of individuals. However, metapopulation studies rarely connect abundance and detectability. We propose a framework for using abundance-based estimates of detectability in the analysis of a spatially-explicit stochastic patch occupancy model (SPOM). We illustrate our approach with the example of Tenebrio opacus, a beetle inhabiting hollows in old trees, and have based it on a 6-year monitoring programme of adult beetles in an area harbouring a high density of old oaks. We validated our abundance-based methodology by showing that the estimates of detectability were positively and significantly correlated with those obtained from presence/absence data (Pearson r = 0.54, p < 2E−16) in our study system. We further showed that the height of the hollow on the tree and the area of its entrance hole, the living status and girth of the host tree, and the time of survey significantly affected the detectability of beetle populations. Median detectability was 51% for one survey. The SPOM analysis revealed a high but heterogeneous extinction risk among trees, suggesting a metapopulation dynamics between the “classic” and “mainland–island” paradigms. However, it also indicated unexplained beetle colonization of trees in our study, despite the fact that we included limited detectability in our estimation procedure. This may have been due to the cryptic larval stage of T. opacus and may thus invalidate the use of a classic SPOM in our study system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabien Laroche
- Irstea, UR EFNO, Domaine des Barres, 45290, Nogent-sur-Vernisson, France.
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7044, 75007, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Heidi Paltto
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7044, 75007, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Thomas Ranius
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7044, 75007, Uppsala, Sweden
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28
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Rodhouse TJ, Jeffress MR, Sherrill KR, Mohren SR, Nordensten NJ, Magnuson ML, Schwalm D, Castillo JA, Shinderman M, Epps CW. Geographical variation in the influence of habitat and climate on site occupancy turnover in American pika (
Ochotona princeps
). DIVERS DISTRIB 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.12791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J. Rodhouse
- National Park Service Upper Columbia Basin Network Oregon State University‐Cascades Bend Oregon
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Donelle Schwalm
- Department of Fisheries and Wildlife Oregon State University Corvallis Oregon
| | - Jessica A. Castillo
- Department of Fisheries and Wildlife Oregon State University Corvallis Oregon
| | - Matthew Shinderman
- Human and Ecosystem Resilience and Sustainability Lab Oregon State University‐Cascades Bend Oregon
| | - Clinton W. Epps
- Department of Fisheries and Wildlife Oregon State University Corvallis Oregon
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29
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Predicting Migratory Corridors of White Storks, Ciconia ciconia, to Enhance Sustainable Wind Energy Planning: A Data-Driven Agent-Based Model. SUSTAINABILITY 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/su10051470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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30
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Howell PE, Muths E, Hossack BR, Sigafus BH, Chandler RB. Increasing connectivity between metapopulation ecology and landscape ecology. Ecology 2018; 99:1119-1128. [PMID: 29453767 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.2189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Metapopulation ecology and landscape ecology aim to understand how spatial structure influences ecological processes, yet these disciplines address the problem using fundamentally different modeling approaches. Metapopulation models describe how the spatial distribution of patches affects colonization and extinction, but often do not account for the heterogeneity in the landscape between patches. Models in landscape ecology use detailed descriptions of landscape structure, but often without considering colonization and extinction dynamics. We present a novel spatially explicit modeling framework for narrowing the divide between these disciplines to advance understanding of the effects of landscape structure on metapopulation dynamics. Unlike previous efforts, this framework allows for statistical inference on landscape resistance to colonization using empirical data. We demonstrate the approach using 11 yr of data on a threatened amphibian in a desert ecosystem. Occupancy data for Lithobates chiricahuensis (Chiricahua leopard frog) were collected on the Buenos Aires National Wildlife Refuge (BANWR), Arizona, USA from 2007 to 2017 following a reintroduction in 2003. Results indicated that colonization dynamics were influenced by both patch characteristics and landscape structure. Landscape resistance increased with increasing elevation and distance to the nearest streambed. Colonization rate was also influenced by patch quality, with semi-permanent and permanent ponds contributing substantially more to the colonization of neighboring ponds relative to intermittent ponds. Ponds that only hold water intermittently also had the highest extinction rate. Our modeling framework can be widely applied to understand metapopulation dynamics in complex landscapes, particularly in systems in which the environment between habitat patches influences the colonization process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paige E Howell
- Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, 30602, USA
| | - Erin Muths
- U.S. Geological Survey, Fort Collins Science Center, Fort Collins, Colorado, 80526, USA
| | - Blake R Hossack
- U.S. Geological Survey, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center, Aldo Leopold Wilderness Research Institute, Missoula, Montana, 59801, USA
| | - Brent H Sigafus
- U.S. Geological Survey, Southwest Biological Science Center, Tucson, Arizona, 85719, USA
| | - Richard B Chandler
- Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, 30602, USA
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31
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Whitlock R, Mäntyniemi S, Palm S, Koljonen M, Dannewitz J, Östergren J. Integrating genetic analysis of mixed populations with a spatially explicit population dynamics model. Methods Ecol Evol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.12946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Whitlock
- Institute of Freshwater ResearchSwedish University of Agricultural Sciences Drottningholm Sweden
| | - Samu Mäntyniemi
- Department of Environmental SciencesBayesian Environmental Modelling GroupUniversity of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
| | - Stefan Palm
- Institute of Freshwater ResearchSwedish University of Agricultural Sciences Drottningholm Sweden
| | | | - Johan Dannewitz
- Institute of Freshwater ResearchSwedish University of Agricultural Sciences Drottningholm Sweden
| | - Johan Östergren
- Institute of Freshwater ResearchSwedish University of Agricultural Sciences Drottningholm Sweden
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32
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33
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Duarte A, Pearl CA, Adams MJ, Peterson JT. A new parameterization for integrated population models to document amphibian reintroductions. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2017; 27:1761-1775. [PMID: 28452415 DOI: 10.1002/eap.1564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Revised: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Managers are increasingly implementing reintroduction programs as part of a global effort to alleviate amphibian declines. Given uncertainty in factors affecting populations and a need to make recurring decisions to achieve objectives, adaptive management is a useful component of these efforts. A major impediment to the estimation of demographic rates often used to parameterize and refine decision-support models is that life-stage-specific monitoring data are frequently sparse for amphibians. We developed a new parameterization for integrated population models to match the ecology of amphibians and capitalize on relatively inexpensive monitoring data to document amphibian reintroductions. We evaluate the capability of this model by fitting it to Oregon spotted frog (Rana pretiosa) monitoring data collected from 2007 to 2014 following their reintroduction within the Klamath Basin, Oregon, USA. The number of egg masses encountered and the estimated adult and metamorph abundances generally increased following reintroduction. We found that survival probability from egg to metamorph ranged from 0.01 in 2008 to 0.09 in 2009 and was not related to minimum spring temperatures, metamorph survival probability ranged from 0.13 in 2010-2011 to 0.86 in 2012-2013 and was positively related to mean monthly temperatures (logit-scale slope = 2.37), adult survival probability was lower for founders (0.40) than individuals recruited after reintroduction (0.56), and the mean number of egg masses per adult female was 0.74. Our study is the first to test hypotheses concerning Oregon spotted frog egg-to-metamorph and metamorph-to-adult transition probabilities in the wild and document their response at multiple life stages following reintroduction. Furthermore, we provide an example to illustrate how the structure of our integrated population model serves as a useful foundation for amphibian decision-support models within adaptive management programs. The integration of multiple, but related, data sets has an advantage of being able to estimate complex ecological relationships across multiple life stages, offering a modeling framework that accommodates uncertainty, enforces parsimony, and ensures all model parameters can be confronted with monitoring data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Duarte
- Oregon Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Oregon State University, 104 Nash Hall, Corvallis, Oregon, 97331, USA
| | - Christopher A Pearl
- U.S. Geological Survey Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, Oregon, 97331, USA
| | - Michael J Adams
- U.S. Geological Survey Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, Oregon, 97331, USA
| | - James T Peterson
- U.S. Geological Survey Oregon Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Oregon State University, 104 Nash Hall, Corvallis, Oregon, 97331, USA
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Disentangling the role of seed bank and dispersal in plant metapopulation dynamics using patch occupancy surveys. Ecology 2017; 98:2662-2672. [DOI: 10.1002/ecy.1960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Converse SJ, Bailey LL, Mosher BA, Funk WC, Gerber BD, Muths E. A Model to Inform Management Actions as a Response to Chytridiomycosis-Associated Decline. ECOHEALTH 2017; 14:144-155. [PMID: 27056609 DOI: 10.1007/s10393-016-1117-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Revised: 12/27/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Decision-analytic models provide forecasts of how systems of interest will respond to management. These models can be parameterized using empirical data, but sometimes require information elicited from experts. When evaluating the effects of disease in species translocation programs, expert judgment is likely to play a role because complete empirical information will rarely be available. We illustrate development of a decision-analytic model built to inform decision-making regarding translocations and other management actions for the boreal toad (Anaxyrus boreas boreas), a species with declines linked to chytridiomycosis caused by Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd). Using the model, we explored the management implications of major uncertainties in this system, including whether there is a genetic basis for resistance to pathogenic infection by Bd, how translocation can best be implemented, and the effectiveness of efforts to reduce the spread of Bd. Our modeling exercise suggested that while selection for resistance to pathogenic infection by Bd could increase numbers of sites occupied by toads, and translocations could increase the rate of toad recovery, efforts to reduce the spread of Bd may have little effect. We emphasize the need to continue developing and parameterizing models necessary to assess management actions for combating chytridiomycosis-associated declines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J Converse
- U.S. Geological Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, 12100 Beech Forest Road, Laurel, MD, 20708, USA.
| | - Larissa L Bailey
- Department of Fish, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Brittany A Mosher
- Department of Fish, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - W Chris Funk
- Department of Biology and Graduate Degree Program in Ecology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Brian D Gerber
- Department of Fish, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Erin Muths
- U.S. Geological Survey, Fort Collins Science Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA
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Cadotte MW, Barlow J, Nuñez MA, Pettorelli N, Stephens PA. Solving environmental problems in the Anthropocene: the need to bring novel theoretical advances into the applied ecology fold. J Appl Ecol 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.12855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marc W. Cadotte
- Department of Biological Sciences; University of Toronto; Scarborough 1265 Military Trail Toronto ON M1C 1A4 Canada
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology; University of Toronto; 25 Willcocks Street Toronto ON M5S 3B2 Canada
| | - Jos Barlow
- Lancaster Environment Centre; Lancaster University; Lancaster LA1 4YQ UK
- Museu Paraense Emılio Goeldi; Av. Magalh∼aes Barata, 376 Belem Para CEP 66040-170 Brazil
| | - Martin A. Nuñez
- Grupo de Ecología de Invasiones; INIBIOMA; CONICET-Universidad Nacional del Comahue; Av. de Los Pioneros 2350 8400 Bariloche Argentina
| | - Nathalie Pettorelli
- Zoological Society of London; Institute of Zoology; Regent's Park London NW1 4RY UK
| | - Philip A. Stephens
- Conservation Ecology Group; Department of Biosciences; Durham University; South Road Durham DH1 3LE UK
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37
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Howell PE, Hossack BR, Muths E, Sigafus BH, Chandler RB. Survival Estimates for Reintroduced Populations of the Chiricahua Leopard Frog (Lithobates chiricahuensis). COPEIA 2016. [DOI: 10.1643/ce-16-406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Fukaya K, Royle JA, Okuda T, Nakaoka M, Noda T. A multistate dynamic site occupancy model for spatially aggregated sessile communities. Methods Ecol Evol 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.12690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Keiichi Fukaya
- The Institute of Statistical Mathematics 10‐3 Midoricho, Tachikawa Tokyo 190‐8562 Japan
| | - J. Andrew Royle
- USGS Patuxent Wildlife Research Center 12100 Beech Forest Road Laurel MD 20708 USA
| | - Takehiro Okuda
- National Research Institute of Far Seas Fisheries Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency 2‐12‐4 Fukuura, Kanazawa‐ku Yokohama Kanagawa 236‐8648Japan
| | - Masahiro Nakaoka
- Akkeshi Marine Station, Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere Hokkaido University Aikappu, Akkeshi Hokkaido 088‐1113 Japan
| | - Takashi Noda
- Faculty of Environmental Earth Science Hokkaido University N10W5, Kita‐ku Sapporo Hokkaido 060‐0810 Japan
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Spatial and temporal movements in Pyrenean bearded vultures (Gypaetus barbatus): Integrating movement ecology into conservation practice. Sci Rep 2016; 6:35746. [PMID: 27779179 PMCID: PMC5078842 DOI: 10.1038/srep35746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the movement of threatened species is important if we are to optimize management and conservation actions. Here, we describe the age and sex specific spatial and temporal ranging patterns of 19 bearded vultures Gypaetus barbatus tracked with GPS technology. Our findings suggest that spatial asymmetries are a consequence of breeding status and age-classes. Territorial individuals exploited home ranges of about 50 km2, while non-territorial birds used areas of around 10 000 km2 (with no seasonal differences). Mean daily movements differed between territorial (23.8 km) and non-territorial birds (46.1 km), and differences were also found between sexes in non-territorial birds. Daily maximum distances travelled per day also differed between territorial (8.2 km) and non-territorial individuals (26.5 km). Territorial females moved greater distances (12 km) than males (6.6 km). Taking into account high-use core areas (K20), Supplementary Feeding Sites (SFS) do not seem to play an important role in the use of space by bearded vultures. For non-territorial and territorial individuals, 54% and 46% of their home ranges (K90), respectively, were outside protected areas. Our findings will help develop guidelines for establishing priority areas based on spatial use, and also optimize management and conservation actions for this threatened species.
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Hamer AJ, Heard GW, Urlus J, Ricciardello J, Schmidt B, Quin D, Steele WK. Manipulating wetland hydroperiod to improve occupancy rates by an endangered amphibian: modelling management scenarios. J Appl Ecol 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.12729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J. Hamer
- Australian Research Centre for Urban Ecology; Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria c/o School of BioSciences; University of Melbourne; Parkville Vic. 3010 Australia
| | - Geoffrey W. Heard
- Quantitative and Applied Ecology Group; School of BioSciences; University of Melbourne; Parkville Vic. 3010 Australia
| | - Jake Urlus
- Ecology Australia Pty. Ltd.; 88 B Station Street Fairfield Vic. 3078 Australia
| | | | - Bernadette Schmidt
- Ecology Australia Pty. Ltd.; 88 B Station Street Fairfield Vic. 3078 Australia
| | - Darren Quin
- Ecology Australia Pty. Ltd.; 88 B Station Street Fairfield Vic. 3078 Australia
| | - William K. Steele
- Integrated Planning Group; Melbourne Water; PO Box 4342 Melbourne Vic. 3001 Australia
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Thorson JT, Jannot J, Somers K. Using spatio-temporal models of population growth and movement to monitor overlap between human impacts and fish populations. J Appl Ecol 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.12664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James T. Thorson
- Fisheries Resource Analysis and Monitoring Division; Northwest Fisheries Science Center; National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA; 2725 Montlake Blvd. E Seattle WA 98112 USA
| | - Jason Jannot
- Fisheries Resource Analysis and Monitoring Division; Northwest Fisheries Science Center; National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA; 2725 Montlake Blvd. E Seattle WA 98112 USA
| | - Kayleigh Somers
- Fisheries Resource Analysis and Monitoring Division; Northwest Fisheries Science Center; National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA; 2725 Montlake Blvd. E Seattle WA 98112 USA
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Modeling Habitat Connectivity to Inform Reintroductions: A Case Study with the Chiricahua Leopard Frog. J HERPETOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1670/14-172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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