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Fitzgerald JL, Ogilvie JE, CaraDonna PJ. Intraspecific body size variation across distributional moments reveals trait filtering processes. J Anim Ecol 2024. [PMID: 39354661 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.14186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 10/03/2024]
Abstract
Natural populations are composed of individuals that vary in their morphological traits, timing and interactions. The distribution of a trait can be described by several dimensions, or mathematical moments-mean, variance, skew and kurtosis. Shifts in the distribution of a trait across these moments in response to environmental variation can help to reveal which trait values are gained or lost, and consequently how trait filtering processes are altering populations. To examine the role and drivers of intraspecific variation within a trait filtering framework, we investigate variation in body size among five wild bumblebee species in the Colorado Rocky Mountains. First, we examine the relationships between environmental factors (climate and floral food resources) and body size distributions across bumblebee social castes to identify demographic responses to environmental variation. Next, we examine changes in the moments of trait distributions to reveal potential mechanisms behind intraspecific shifts in body size. Finally, we examine how intraspecific body size variation is related to diet breadth and phenology. We found that climate conditions have a strong effect on observed body size variation across all distributional moments, but the filtering mechanism varies by social caste. For example, with earlier spring snowmelt queens declined in mean size and became negatively skewed and more kurtotic. This suggests a skewed filter admitting a greater frequency of small individuals. With greater availability of floral food resources, queens increased in mean size, but workers and males decreased in size. Observed shifts in body size variation also correspond with variation in diet breadth and phenology. Populations with larger average body size were associated with more generalized foraging in workers of short-tongued species and increased specialization in longer-tongued workers. Altered phenological timing was associated with species- and caste-specific shifts in skew. Across an assemblage of wild bumblebees, we find complex patterns of trait variation that may not have been captured if we had simply considered mean and variance. The four-moment approach we employ here provides holistic insight into intraspecific trait variation, which may otherwise be overlooked and reveals potential underlying filtering processes driving such variation within populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacquelyn L Fitzgerald
- Plant Biology and Conservation, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
- Negaunee Institute for Plant Conservation Science & Action, Chicago Botanic Garden, Glencoe, Illinois, USA
- Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory, Crested Butte, Colorado, USA
| | - Jane E Ogilvie
- Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory, Crested Butte, Colorado, USA
| | - Paul J CaraDonna
- Plant Biology and Conservation, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
- Negaunee Institute for Plant Conservation Science & Action, Chicago Botanic Garden, Glencoe, Illinois, USA
- Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory, Crested Butte, Colorado, USA
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2
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Figueroa-Ponce F, Hinojosa LF. Environmental Filters Structure Cushion Bogs' Floristic Composition along the Southern South American Latitudinal Gradient. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:2202. [PMID: 39204637 PMCID: PMC11359879 DOI: 10.3390/plants13162202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
The environmental filtering hypothesis predicts that abiotic factors restrict communities by selecting species capable of survival and persistence under specific conditions, resulting in variations in beta diversity, phylogenetic clustering, and niche differentiation among communities when studying environmental gradients. Cushion bogs and high-altitude wetlands along the Andes display homogeneous flora contrasting with zonal vegetation. Despite being influenced by microclimatic conditions, these ecosystems are subject to diverse environmental effects. Here, we test the environmental filtering hypothesis on the structure of cushion bog communities along a broad-scale latitudinal gradient from 15° S to 42° S. We analyzed 421 bogs and 293 species across three macroclimatic regions with distinct summer, winter, and transitional arid rainfall regimes. Using variance partitioning and membership-based regionalization models, we examined the impacts of climatic, edaphic, and spatial variables on beta diversity. We also assessed species' niche overlap and the influence of environmental filters on the communities' phylogenetic diversity. Results show that species turnover and niche overlap vary with macroclimatic differences, delineating three distinct regions. Notably, phylogenetic clustering in the driest part of the gradient (23° S-24° S) highlights the impact of environmental filtering. Aridity and temperature variations at a broad scale serve as environmental filters shaping the composition of bog communities across southern South America.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Figueroa-Ponce
- Laboratory of Paleoecology, Department of Ecological Science, Faculty of Science, University of Chile, Santiago 7800003, Chile
| | - Luis Felipe Hinojosa
- Laboratory of Paleoecology, Department of Ecological Science, Faculty of Science, University of Chile, Santiago 7800003, Chile
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3
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Gross N, Maestre FT, Liancourt P, Berdugo M, Martin R, Gozalo B, Ochoa V, Delgado-Baquerizo M, Maire V, Saiz H, Soliveres S, Valencia E, Eldridge DJ, Guirado E, Jabot F, Asensio S, Gaitán JJ, García-Gómez M, Martínez P, Martínez-Valderrama J, Mendoza BJ, Moreno-Jiménez E, Pescador DS, Plaza C, Pijuan IS, Abedi M, Ahumada RJ, Amghar F, Arroyo AI, Bahalkeh K, Bailey L, Ben Salem F, Blaum N, Boldgiv B, Bowker MA, Branquinho C, van den Brink L, Bu C, Canessa R, Castillo-Monroy ADP, Castro H, Castro P, Chibani R, Conceição AA, Darrouzet-Nardi A, Davila YC, Deák B, Donoso DA, Durán J, Espinosa C, Fajardo A, Farzam M, Ferrante D, Franzese J, Fraser L, Gonzalez S, Gusman-Montalvan E, Hernández-Hernández RM, Hölzel N, Huber-Sannwald E, Jadan O, Jeltsch F, Jentsch A, Ju M, Kaseke KF, Kindermann L, le Roux P, Linstädter A, Louw MA, Mabaso M, Maggs-Kölling G, Makhalanyane TP, Issa OM, Manzaneda AJ, Marais E, Margerie P, Hughes FM, Messeder JVS, Mora JP, Moreno G, Munson SM, Nunes A, Oliva G, Oñatibia GR, Peter G, Pueyo Y, Quiroga RE, Ramírez-Iglesias E, Reed SC, Rey PJ, Reyes Gómez VM, Rodríguez A, Rolo V, Rubalcaba JG, Ruppert JC, Sala O, Salah A, Sebei PJ, Stavi I, Stephens C, Teixido AL, Thomas AD, Throop HL, Tielbörger K, Travers S, Undrakhbold S, Val J, Valkó O, Velbert F, Wamiti W, Wang L, Wang D, Wardle GM, Wolff P, Yahdjian L, Yari R, Zaady E, Zeberio JM, Zhang Y, Zhou X, Le Bagousse-Pinguet Y. Unforeseen plant phenotypic diversity in a dry and grazed world. Nature 2024; 632:808-814. [PMID: 39112697 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07731-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Earth harbours an extraordinary plant phenotypic diversity1 that is at risk from ongoing global changes2,3. However, it remains unknown how increasing aridity and livestock grazing pressure-two major drivers of global change4-6-shape the trait covariation that underlies plant phenotypic diversity1,7. Here we assessed how covariation among 20 chemical and morphological traits responds to aridity and grazing pressure within global drylands. Our analysis involved 133,769 trait measurements spanning 1,347 observations of 301 perennial plant species surveyed across 326 plots from 6 continents. Crossing an aridity threshold of approximately 0.7 (close to the transition between semi-arid and arid zones) led to an unexpected 88% increase in trait diversity. This threshold appeared in the presence of grazers, and moved toward lower aridity levels with increasing grazing pressure. Moreover, 57% of observed trait diversity occurred only in the most arid and grazed drylands, highlighting the phenotypic uniqueness of these extreme environments. Our work indicates that drylands act as a global reservoir of plant phenotypic diversity and challenge the pervasive view that harsh environmental conditions reduce plant trait diversity8-10. They also highlight that many alternative strategies may enable plants to cope with increases in environmental stress induced by climate change and land-use intensification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Gross
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, Unité Mixte de Recherche Ecosystème Prairial, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Fernando T Maestre
- Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Pierre Liancourt
- Botany Department, State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
- Plant Ecology Group, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Miguel Berdugo
- Departamento de Biodiversidad, Ecología y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Raphaël Martin
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, Unité Mixte de Recherche Ecosystème Prairial, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Beatriz Gozalo
- Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio "Ramon Margalef", Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Victoria Ochoa
- Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio "Ramon Margalef", Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Manuel Delgado-Baquerizo
- Laboratorio de Biodiversidad y Funcionamiento Ecosistémico. Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (IRNAS), CSIC, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Vincent Maire
- Département des Sciences de l'Environnement, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois Rivières, Quebec, Canada
| | - Hugo Saiz
- Departamento de Ciencias Agrarias y Medio Natural, Escuela Politécnica Superior, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Ciencias Ambientales de Aragón (IUCA), Universidad de Zaragoza, Huesca, Spain
| | - Santiago Soliveres
- Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio "Ramon Margalef", Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
- Departamento de Ecología, Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Enrique Valencia
- Departamento de Biodiversidad, Ecología y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - David J Eldridge
- Centre for Ecosystem Science, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Emilio Guirado
- Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio "Ramon Margalef", Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Franck Jabot
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, Unité Mixte de Recherche Ecosystème Prairial, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Sergio Asensio
- Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio "Ramon Margalef", Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Juan J Gaitán
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Instituto de Suelos-CNIA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Luján, Luján, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas de Argentina (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Miguel García-Gómez
- Departamento de Ingeniería y Morfología del Terreno, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Caminos, Canales y Puertos, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paloma Martínez
- Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jaime Martínez-Valderrama
- Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio "Ramon Margalef", Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Betty J Mendoza
- Departamento de Biología y Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles, Spain
| | - Eduardo Moreno-Jiménez
- Department of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - David S Pescador
- Departamento de Biología y Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles, Spain
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacognosia y Botánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - César Plaza
- Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ivan Santaolaria Pijuan
- Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio "Ramon Margalef", Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Mehdi Abedi
- Department of Range Management, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran
| | - Rodrigo J Ahumada
- Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Catamarca, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Catamarca, Argentina
| | - Fateh Amghar
- Laboratoire de Recherche: Biodiversité, Biotechnologie, Environnement et Développement Durable (BioDev), Faculté des Sciences, Université M'hamed Bougara de Boumerdès, Boumerdès, Algérie
| | | | - Khadijeh Bahalkeh
- Department of Range Management, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran
| | - Lydia Bailey
- Center for Ecosystem Science and Society, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
| | - Farah Ben Salem
- Laboratory of Pastoral Ecosystems and Promotion of Spontaneous Plants and Associated Micro-Organisms, Institut des Régions Arides (IRA) Médenine, University of Gabes, Zrig Eddakhlania, Tunisia
| | - Niels Blaum
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Bazartseren Boldgiv
- Department of Biology, School of Arts and Sciences, National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Matthew A Bowker
- Center for Ecosystem Science and Society, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
- School of Forestry, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
| | - Cristina Branquinho
- cE3c - Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes and CHANGE - Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Liesbeth van den Brink
- Plant Ecology Group, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- ECOBIOSIS, Departmento of Botánica, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Chongfeng Bu
- Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, China
| | - Rafaella Canessa
- Plant Ecology Group, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institut für Biologie, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | | | - Helena Castro
- Department of Life Sciences, Centre for Functional Ecology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Patricio Castro
- Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Carrera de Ingeniería Agronómica, Grupo de Agroforestería, Manejo y Conservación del Paisaje, Universidad de Cuenca, Cuenca, Ecuador
| | - Roukaya Chibani
- Laboratory of Eremology and Combating Desertification, Institut des Régions Arides (IRA) Médenine, University of Gabes, Zrig Eddakhlania, Tunisia
| | - Abel Augusto Conceição
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, Brasil
| | | | - Yvonne C Davila
- Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Balázs Deák
- Lendület Seed Ecology Research Group, Institute of Ecology and Botany, Centre for Ecological Research, Vácrátót, Hungary
| | - David A Donoso
- Departamento de Biología, Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Jorge Durán
- Misión Biolóxica de Galicia, CSIC, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Carlos Espinosa
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja, Ecuador
| | - Alex Fajardo
- Instituto de Investigación Interdisciplinaria (I3), Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
- Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad (IEB), Santiago, Chile
- Limits of Life (LiLi), Instituto Milenio, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Mohammad Farzam
- Department of Range and Watershed Management, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Daniela Ferrante
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria EEA Santa Cruz, Río Gallegos, Argentina
- Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral, Río Gallegos, Argentina
| | - Jorgelina Franzese
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas-Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Neuquen, Argentina
| | - Lauchlan Fraser
- Department of Natural Resource Science, Thompson Rivers University, Kamloops, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sofía Gonzalez
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas-Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Neuquen, Argentina
| | - Elizabeth Gusman-Montalvan
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja, Ecuador
| | - Rosa Mary Hernández-Hernández
- Instituto de Estudios Científicos y Tecnológicos (IDECYT); Centro de Estudios de Agroecología Tropical (CEDAT), Universidad Nacional Experimental Simón Rodríguez (UNESR), Miranda, Venezuela
| | - Norbert Hölzel
- Institute of Landscape Ecology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | | | - Oswaldo Jadan
- Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Carrera de Ingeniería Agronómica, Grupo de Agroforestería, Manejo y Conservación del Paisaje, Universidad de Cuenca, Cuenca, Ecuador
| | - Florian Jeltsch
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Anke Jentsch
- Department of Disturbance Ecology, Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research BayCEER, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Mengchen Ju
- Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, China
| | - Kudzai F Kaseke
- Earth Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Liana Kindermann
- Biodiversity Research, Systematic Botany Group, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Peter le Roux
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Anja Linstädter
- Biodiversity Research, Systematic Botany Group, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Michelle A Louw
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Mancha Mabaso
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, DSI/NRF SARChI in Marine Microbiomics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | | | - Thulani P Makhalanyane
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Oumarou Malam Issa
- Institut d'Écologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris (iEES-Paris), Sorbonne Université, IRD, CNRS, INRAE, Université Paris Est Creteil, Université de Paris, Centre IRD de France Nord, Bondy, France
| | - Antonio J Manzaneda
- Departamento Biología Animal, Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Universidad de Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Eugene Marais
- Gobabeb, Namib Research Institute, Walvis Bay, Namibia
| | - Pierre Margerie
- Normandie Universite, UNIROUEN, INRAE, ECODIV, Rouen, France
| | - Frederic Mendes Hughes
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, Brasil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia and Conselho de Curadores das Coleções Científicas, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioinformática, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Pampulha, Brazil
| | - João Vitor S Messeder
- Biology Department and Ecology Program, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Juan P Mora
- Instituto de Investigación Interdisciplinaria (I3), Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Gerardo Moreno
- Forestry School, INDEHESA, Universidad de Extremadura, Plasencia, Spain
| | - Seth M Munson
- Southwest Biological Science Center, US Geological Survey, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
| | - Alice Nunes
- cE3c - Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes and CHANGE - Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Gabriel Oliva
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria EEA Santa Cruz, Río Gallegos, Argentina
- Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral, Río Gallegos, Argentina
| | - Gaston R Oñatibia
- Cátedra de Ecología, Facultad de Agronomía Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura (IFEVA-CONICET), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Guadalupe Peter
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas de Argentina (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- CEANPa, Universidad Nacional de Río Negro, Sede Atlántica, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - Yolanda Pueyo
- Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología (IPE CSIC), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - R Emiliano Quiroga
- Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Catamarca, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Catamarca, Argentina
- Cátedra de Manejo de Pastizales Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Catamarca, Catamarca, Argentina
| | | | - Sasha C Reed
- US Geological Survey, Southwest Biological Science Center, Moab, UT, USA
| | - Pedro J Rey
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación del Sistema Tierra de Andalucía, Universidad de Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | | | | | - Victor Rolo
- Forestry School, INDEHESA, Universidad de Extremadura, Plasencia, Spain
| | - Juan G Rubalcaba
- Departamento de Biodiversidad, Ecología y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jan C Ruppert
- Plant Ecology Group, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Osvaldo Sala
- Global Drylands Center,School of Life Sciences and School of Sustainability, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | | | - Phokgedi Julius Sebei
- Mara Research Station, Limpopo Department of Agriculture and Rural Development, Polokwane, South Africa
| | - Ilan Stavi
- Dead Sea and Arava Science Center, Yotvata, Israel
| | - Colton Stephens
- Department of Natural Resource Science, Thompson Rivers University, Kamloops, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Alberto L Teixido
- Departamento de Biodiversidad, Ecología y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrew D Thomas
- Department of Geography and Earth Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, UK
| | - Heather L Throop
- School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | | | - Samantha Travers
- Department of Planning and Environment, Centre for Ecosystem Science, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sainbileg Undrakhbold
- Department of Biology, School of Arts and Sciences, National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - James Val
- Department of Planning and Environment, Centre for Ecosystem Science, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Orsolya Valkó
- Lendület Seed Ecology Research Group, Institute of Ecology and Botany, Centre for Ecological Research, Vácrátót, Hungary
| | - Frederike Velbert
- Institute of Landscape Ecology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Wanyoike Wamiti
- Zoology Department, National Museums of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Lixin Wang
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Indiana University Indianapolis (IUI), Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Deli Wang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Glenda M Wardle
- Desert Ecology Research Group, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Peter Wolff
- Department of Disturbance Ecology, Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research BayCEER, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Laura Yahdjian
- Cátedra de Ecología, Facultad de Agronomía Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura (IFEVA-CONICET), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Reza Yari
- Forest and Rangeland Research Department, Khorasan Razavi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Eli Zaady
- Gilat Research Center, Department of Natural Resources, Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Juan Manuel Zeberio
- CEANPa, Universidad Nacional de Río Negro, Sede Atlántica, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - Yuanling Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaobing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Ronk A, Boldgiv B, Casper BB, Liancourt P. Leaf trait plasticity reveals interactive effects of temporally disjunct grazing and warming on plant communities. Oecologia 2024; 204:833-843. [PMID: 38573499 PMCID: PMC11062997 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-024-05540-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Changes in climate and grazing intensity influence plant-community compositions and their functional structure. Yet, little is known about their possible interactive effects when climate change mainly has consequences during the growing season and grazing occurs off growing season (dormant season grazing). We examined the contribution of trait plasticity to the immediate responses in the functional structure of plant community due to the interplay between these two temporally disjunct drivers. We conducted a field experiment in the northern Mongolian steppe, where climate was manipulated by open-top chambers (OTCs) for two growing seasons, increasing temperature and decreasing soil moisture (i.e., increased aridity), and grazing was excluded for one dormant season between these two growing seasons. We calculated the community-weighted mean (CWM) and the functional diversity (FD) of six leaf traits. Based on a variance partitioning approach, we evaluated how much of the responses in CWM and FD to OTCs and dormant season grazing occur through plasticity. The interactive effect of OTCs and the dormant season grazing were detected only after considering the role of trait plasticity. Overall, OTCs influenced the responses in CWM more than in FD, but the effects of OTCs were much less pronounced where dormant season grazing occurred. Thus, warming (together with decreased soil moisture) and the elimination of dormant season grazing could interact to impact the functional trait structure of plant communities through trait plasticity. Climate change effects should be considered in the context of altered land use, even if temporally disjunct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Argo Ronk
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Bazartseren Boldgiv
- Department of Biology, National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, 14201, Mongolia
| | - Brenda B Casper
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Pierre Liancourt
- Department of Botany, State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany.
- Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
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Li Z, Guo X, Ma Y, Hu B, Yang Y, Tian H, Liu X, Meng N, Zhu J, Yan D, Song H, Bao B, Li X, Dai X, Zheng Y, Jin Y, Zheng H. The hidden risk: Changes in functional potentials of microbial keystone taxa under global climate change jeopardizing soil carbon storage in alpine grasslands. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 185:108516. [PMID: 38447452 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Climate change is endangering the soil carbon stock of alpine grasslands on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP), but the limited comprehension regarding the mechanisms that sustain carbon storage under hydrothermal changes increases the uncertainty associated with this finding. Here, we examined the relative abundance of soil microbial keystone taxa and their functional potentials, as well as their influence on soil carbon storage with increased precipitation across alpine grasslands on the QTP, China. The findings indicate that alterations in precipitation significantly decreased the relative abundance of the carbon degradation potentials of keystone taxa, such as chemoheterotrophs. The inclusion of keystone taxa and their internal functional potentials in the two best alternative models explained 70% and 63% of the variance in soil organic carbon (SOC) density, respectively. Moreover, we found that changes in chemoheterotrophs had negative effects on SOC density as indicated by a structural equation model, suggesting that some specialized functional potentials of keystone taxa are not conducive to the accumulation of carbon sink. Our study offers valuable insights into the intricate correlation between precipitation-induced alterations in soil microbial keystone taxa and SOC storage, highlighting a rough categorization is difficult to distinguish the hidden threats and the importance of incorporating functional potentials in SOC storage prediction models in response to changing climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Beijing Academy of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Xue Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ying Ma
- Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xian 710061, China
| | - Baoan Hu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Yanzheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Huixia Tian
- School of Environment and Resources, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Xujun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Nan Meng
- Department of Earth System Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Institute for Global Change Studies, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084, China
| | - Jinyi Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Danni Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Hao Song
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Binqiang Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Xuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Xuhuan Dai
- Technical Centre for Soil, Agriculture and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Beijing Academy of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Yingshan Jin
- Beijing Academy of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Hua Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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6
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Cheng C, Li G, Yang X, Zhao J, Liu J, Zheng A, Zhang Z. High diversity, close genetic relatedness, and favorable living conditions benefit species co-occurrence of gut microbiota in Brandt's vole. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1337402. [PMID: 38384265 PMCID: PMC10879610 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1337402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Revealing factors and mechanisms in determining species co-existence are crucial to community ecology, but studies using gut microbiota data are still lacking. Methods Using gut microbiota data of 556 Brandt's voles from 37 treatments in eight experiments, we examined the relationship of species co-occurrence of gut microbiota in Brandt's voles (Lasiopodomys brandtii) with genetic distance (or genetic relatedness), community diversity, and several environmental variables. Results We found that the species co-occurrence index (a larger index indicates a higher co-occurrence probability) of gut microbiota in Brandt's voles was negatively associated with the genetic distance between paired ASVs and the number of cohabitating voles in the experimental space (a larger number represents more crowding social stress), but positively with Shannon diversity index, grass diets (representing natural foods), and non-physical contact within an experimental space (representing less stress). Discussion Our study demonstrated that high diversity, close genetic relatedness, and favorable living conditions would benefit species co-occurrence of gut microbiota in hosts. Our results provide novel insights into factors and mechanisms that shape the community structure and function of gut microbiota and highlight the significance of preserving the biodiversity of gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyuan Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guoliang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xifu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jidong Zhao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Qinling Ecological Security, Shaanxi Institute of Zoology, Xi’an, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan Province, School of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Aihua Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhibin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Davison J, Gerz M, Hiiesalu I, Moora M, Semchenko M, Zobel M. Niche types and community assembly. Ecol Lett 2024; 27:e14327. [PMID: 37819920 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Studies of niche differentiation and biodiversity often focus on a few niche dimensions due to the methodological challenge of describing hyperdimensional niche space. However, this may limit our understanding of community assembly processes. We used the full spectrum of realized niche types to study arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities: distinguishing abiotic and biotic, and condition and resource, axes. Estimates of differentiation in relation to different niche types were only moderately correlated. However, coexisting taxon niches were consistently less differentiated than expected, based on a regional null model, indicating the importance of habitat filtering at that scale. Nonetheless, resource niches were relatively more differentiated than condition niches, which is consistent with the effect of a resource niche-based coexistence mechanism. Considering niche types, and in particular distinguishing resource and condition niches, provides a more complete understanding of community assembly, compared with studying individual niche axes or the full niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Davison
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Maret Gerz
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Inga Hiiesalu
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Mari Moora
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Marina Semchenko
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Martin Zobel
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
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8
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Cantwell-Jones A, Tylianakis JM, Larson K, Gill RJ. Using individual-based trait frequency distributions to forecast plant-pollinator network responses to environmental change. Ecol Lett 2024; 27:e14368. [PMID: 38247047 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Determining how and why organisms interact is fundamental to understanding ecosystem responses to future environmental change. To assess the impact on plant-pollinator interactions, recent studies have examined how the effects of environmental change on individual interactions accumulate to generate species-level responses. Here, we review recent developments in using plant-pollinator networks of interacting individuals along with their functional traits, where individuals are nested within species nodes. We highlight how these individual-level, trait-based networks connect intraspecific trait variation (as frequency distributions of multiple traits) with dynamic responses within plant-pollinator communities. This approach can better explain interaction plasticity, and changes to interaction probabilities and network structure over spatiotemporal or other environmental gradients. We argue that only through appreciating such trait-based interaction plasticity can we accurately forecast the potential vulnerability of interactions to future environmental change. We follow this with general guidance on how future studies can collect and analyse high-resolution interaction and trait data, with the hope of improving predictions of future plant-pollinator network responses for targeted and effective conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoife Cantwell-Jones
- Georgina Mace Centre for The Living Planet, Department of Life Sciences, Silwood Park, Imperial College London, Ascot, UK
| | - Jason M Tylianakis
- Georgina Mace Centre for The Living Planet, Department of Life Sciences, Silwood Park, Imperial College London, Ascot, UK
- Bioprotection Aotearoa, School of Biological Sciences, Private Bag 4800, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Keith Larson
- Climate Impacts Research Centre, Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Richard J Gill
- Georgina Mace Centre for The Living Planet, Department of Life Sciences, Silwood Park, Imperial College London, Ascot, UK
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9
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de Tomás Marín S, Galán Díaz J, Rodríguez-Calcerrada J, Prieto I, de la Riva EG. Linking functional composition moments of the sub-Mediterranean ecotone with environmental drivers. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1303022. [PMID: 38143583 PMCID: PMC10748396 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1303022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Functional trait-based approaches are extensively applied to the study of mechanisms governing community assembly along environmental gradients. These approaches have been classically based on studying differences in mean values among species, but there is increasing recognition that alternative metrics of trait distributions should be considered to decipher the mechanisms determining community assembly and species coexistence. Under this framework, the main aim of this study is to unravel the effects of environmental conditions as drivers of plant community assembly in sub-Mediterranean ecotones. Methods We set 60 plots in six plant communities of a sub-Mediterranean forest in Central Spain, and measured key above- and belowground functional traits in 411 individuals belonging to 19 species, along with abiotic variables. We calculated community-weighted mean (CWM), skewness (CWS) and kurtosis (CWK) of three plant dimensions, and used maximum likelihood techniques to analyze how variation in these functional community traits was driven by abiotic factors. Additionally, we estimated the relative contribution of intraspecific trait variability and species turnover to variation in CWM. Results and discussion The first three axes of variation of the principal component analyses were related to three main plant ecological dimensions: Leaf Economics Spectrum, Root Economics Spectrum and plant hydraulic architecture, respectively. Type of community was the most important factor determining differences in the functional structure among communities, as compared to the role of abiotic variables. We found strong differences among communities in their CWMs in line with their biogeographic origin (Eurosiberian vs Mediterranean), while differences in CWS and CWK indicate different trends in the functional structure among communities and the coexistence of different functional strategies, respectively. Moreover, changes in functional composition were primarily due to intraspecific variability. Conclusion We observed a high number of strategies in the forest with the different communities spreading along the acquisitive-conservative axis of resource-use, partly matching their Eurosiberian-Mediterranean nature, respectively. Intraspecific trait variability, rather than species turnover, stood as the most relevant factor when analyzing functional changes and assembly patterns among communities. Altogether, our data support the notion that ecotones are ecosystems where relatively minor environmental shifts may result in changes in plant and functional composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio de Tomás Marín
- Department of Ecology, Brandenburgische Technische Universität Cottbus-Senftenberg, Cottbus, Germany
| | - Javier Galán Díaz
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Rodríguez-Calcerrada
- Functioning of Forest Systems in a Changing Environment Research Group, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Iván Prieto
- Ecology Department, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | - Enrique G. de la Riva
- Department of Ecology, Brandenburgische Technische Universität Cottbus-Senftenberg, Cottbus, Germany
- Ecology Department, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Universidad de León, León, Spain
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10
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Tosini L, Cartereau M, Le Bagousse-Pinguet Y, Laffont-Schwob I, Prudent P, Farnet Da Silva AM, Montès N, Labrousse Y, Vassalo L, Folzer H. Plant biodiversity offsets negative effects of metals and metalloids soil multi-contamination on ecosystem multifunctionality. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 898:165567. [PMID: 37459987 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Despite increasing metals and metalloids (MM) human-driven soil contamination, how it simultaneously alters biodiversity and ecosystem functioning remains unknown. We used a wide gradient of a 170-year-old MM soil multi-contamination in Mediterranean scrublands to assess the effects of soil multi-contamination on multiple plant biodiversity facets, microbial communities and ecosystem multifunctionality (EMF). We found an overall positive effect of plant biodiversity on EMF mediated by microbial communities, and allowing offsetting the negative impacts of MM soil multi-contamination, especially on soil water holding capacity and nitrogen content. The diversity of distant plant lineages was the key facet promoting EMF by enhancing microbial communities, whereas the subordinate species richness altered EMF. By developing a holistic approach of these complex relationships between soil multi-contamination, plant biodiversity, microbial communities and ecosystem functioning, our results reveal the potential of plant biodiversity, and especially the diversity of evolutionary distant species, to offset the alteration of ecosystem functioning by MM soil multi-contamination. In this worldwide decade of ecosystems restoration, our study helps to identify relevant facets of plant biodiversity promoting contaminated ecosystem functioning, which is crucial to guide and optimize management efforts aiming to restore ecosystems and preserve human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorène Tosini
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, LPED, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, Marseille, France.
| | - Manuel Cartereau
- Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, Marseille, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hélène Folzer
- Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, Marseille, France.
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11
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Piton G, Allison SD, Bahram M, Hildebrand F, Martiny JBH, Treseder KK, Martiny AC. Life history strategies of soil bacterial communities across global terrestrial biomes. Nat Microbiol 2023; 8:2093-2102. [PMID: 37798477 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-023-01465-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
The life history strategies of soil microbes determine their metabolic potential and their response to environmental changes. Yet these strategies remain poorly understood. Here we use shotgun metagenomes from terrestrial biomes to characterize overarching covariations of the genomic traits that capture dominant life history strategies in bacterial communities. The emerging patterns show a triangle of life history strategies shaped by two trait dimensions, supporting previous theoretical and isolate-based studies. The first dimension ranges from streamlined genomes with simple metabolisms to larger genomes and expanded metabolic capacities. As metabolic capacities expand, bacterial communities increasingly differentiate along a second dimension that reflects a trade-off between increasing capacities for environmental responsiveness or for nutrient recycling. Random forest analyses show that soil pH, C:N ratio and precipitation patterns together drive the dominant life history strategy of soil bacterial communities and their biogeographic distribution. Our findings provide a trait-based framework to compare life history strategies of soil bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabin Piton
- Department of Earth System Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
- Eco&Sols, University Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, IRD, Montpellier, France.
| | - Steven D Allison
- Department of Earth System Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Mohammad Bahram
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Falk Hildebrand
- Gut Microbes and Health, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk, UK
- Digital Biology, Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk, UK
| | - Jennifer B H Martiny
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Kathleen K Treseder
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Adam C Martiny
- Department of Earth System Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
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12
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Liu C, Sack L, Li Y, Zhang J, Yu K, Zhang Q, He N, Yu G. Relationships of stomatal morphology to the environment across plant communities. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6629. [PMID: 37857672 PMCID: PMC10587080 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42136-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The relationship between stomatal traits and environmental drivers across plant communities has important implications for ecosystem carbon and water fluxes, but it has remained unclear. Here, we measure the stomatal morphology of 4492 species-site combinations in 340 vegetation plots across China and calculate their community-weighted values for mean, variance, skewness, and kurtosis. We demonstrate a trade-off between stomatal density and size at the community level. The community-weighted mean and variance of stomatal density are mainly associated with precipitation, while that of stomatal size is mainly associated with temperature, and the skewness and kurtosis of stomatal traits are less related to climatic and soil variables. Beyond mean climate variables, stomatal trait moments also vary with climatic seasonality and extreme conditions. Our findings extend the knowledge of stomatal trait-environment relationships to the ecosystem scale, with applications in predicting future water and carbon cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission, 100081, Beijing, China
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, 100081, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
| | - Lawren Sack
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90025, USA
| | - Ying Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
| | - Jiahui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
| | - Kailiang Yu
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, 08540, USA
| | - Qiongyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
| | - Nianpeng He
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China.
- Center for Ecological Research, Northeast Forestry University, 150040, Harbin, China.
- Earth Critical Zone and Flux Research Station of Xing'an Mountains, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 165200, Daxing'anling, China.
| | - Guirui Yu
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
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Rius BF, Filho JPD, Fleischer K, Hofhansl F, Blanco CC, Rammig A, Domingues TF, Lapola DM. Higher functional diversity improves modeling of Amazon forest carbon storage. Ecol Modell 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2023.110323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
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14
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Deschamps L, Proulx R, Rheault G, Gross N, Watson C, Maire V. Species richness drives selection of individuals within wetlands based on traits related to acquisition and utilization of light. Ecol Evol 2023; 13:e9959. [PMID: 37038518 PMCID: PMC10082176 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.9959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Selection within natural communities has mainly been studied along large abiotic gradients, while the selection of individuals within populations should occur locally in response to biotic filters. To better leverage the role of the latter, we considered the hierarchal nature of environmental selection for the multiple dimensions of the trait space across biological levels, that is, from the species to the community and the ecosystem levels. We replicated a natural species richness gradient where communities included from two to 16 species within four wetlands (bog, fen, meadow, and marsh) contrasting in plant productivity. We sampled functional traits from individuals in each community and used hierarchical distributional modeling in order to analyze the independent variation of the mean and dispersion of functional trait space at ecosystem, community, and species levels. The plant productivity gradient observed between wetlands led to species turnover and selection of traits related to leaf nutrient conservation/acquisition strategy. Within wetlands, plant species richness drove trait variation across both communities and species. Among communities, variation of species richness correlated with the selection of individuals according to their use of vertical space and leaf adaptations to light conditions. Within species, intraspecific light-related trait variation in response to species richness was associated with stable population density for some species, while others reached low population density in more diverse communities. Within ecosystems, variation in biotic conditions selects individuals along functional dimensions that are independent of those selected across ecosystems. Within-species variations of light-related traits are related to demographic responses, linking biotic selection of individuals within communities to eco-evolutionary dynamics of species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Deschamps
- Département des sciences de l'environnementUniversité du Québec à Trois‐RivièresTrois RivièresCanada
| | - Raphaël Proulx
- Département des sciences de l'environnementUniversité du Québec à Trois‐RivièresTrois RivièresCanada
| | - Guillaume Rheault
- Département des sciences de l'environnementUniversité du Québec à Trois‐RivièresTrois RivièresCanada
| | - Nicolas Gross
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, VetAgro SupUnité Mixte de Recherche Ecosystème PrairialClermont‐FerrandFrance
| | - Christopher Watson
- Département des sciences de l'environnementUniversité du Québec à Trois‐RivièresTrois RivièresCanada
| | - Vincent Maire
- Département des sciences de l'environnementUniversité du Québec à Trois‐RivièresTrois RivièresCanada
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Chen J, Liu Z, Cui H, Song H, Wang J, Gao H, Chen S, Liu K, Yang Z, Wang Y, Wang X, Yang X, Meng L, An L, Xiao S, Le Bagousse-Pinguet Y. Direct and indirect effects of dominant plants on ecosystem multifunctionality. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1117903. [PMID: 36938009 PMCID: PMC10017997 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1117903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Biodiversity is essential for the provision of multiple ecosystem functions simultaneously (ecosystem multifunctionality EMF). Yet, it remains unclear whether and how dominant plant species impact EMF. Here, we aimed at disentangling the direct from indirect above- and belowground pathways by which dominant plant species influence EMF. We evaluated the effects of two dominant plant species (Dasiphora fruticosa, and the toxic perennial plant Ligularia virgaurea) with expected positive and negative impacts on the abiotic environment (soil water content and pH), surrounding biological communities (plant and nematode richness, biomass, and abundance in the vicinity), and on the EMF of alpine meadows, respectively. We found that the two dominant plants enhanced EMF, with a positive effect of L. virgaurea on EMF greater than that of D. fruticosa. We also observed that dominant plants impacted on EMF through changes in soil water content and pH (indirect abiotic effects), but not through changes in biodiversity of surrounding plants and nematodes (indirect biotic pathway). Our study suggests that dominant plants may play an important role in promoting EMF, thus expanding the pervasive mass-ratio hypothesis originally framed for individual functions, and could mitigate the negative impacts of vegetation changes on EMF in the alpine meadows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland and Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Ziyang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland and Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Hanwen Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland and Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Hongxian Song
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jiajia Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Haining Gao
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Hexi University, Zhangye, Gansu, China
| | - Shuyan Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Kun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland and Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Zi Yang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yajun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland and Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xiangtai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland and Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xiaoli Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland and Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Lihua Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland and Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Lizhe An
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Sa Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland and Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yoann Le Bagousse-Pinguet
- Aix Marseille Univ, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, Avignon Université, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d’Écologie marine et continentale, Technopôle Arbois-Méditerranée, Aix-en-Provence, France
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16
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Drying Shapes Aquatic Fungal Community Assembly by Reducing Functional Diversity. DIVERSITY 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/d15020289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic fungi are highly diverse organisms that play a critical role in global biogeochemical cycles. Yet it remains unclear which assembly processes determine their co-occurrence and assembly patterns over gradients of drying intensity, which is a common stressor in fluvial networks. Although aquatic fungi possess drying-specific adaptations, little is known about how functional similarity influences co-occurrence probability and which functional traits are sorted by drying. Using field data from 15 streams, we investigated how co-occurrence patterns and assembly processes responded to drying intensity. To do so, we determined fungal co-occurrence patterns, functional traits that best explain species co-occurrence likelihood, and community assembly mechanisms explaining changes in functional diversity over the drying gradient. Our results identified 24 species pairs with positive co-occurrence probabilities and 16 species pairs with negative associations. The co-occurrence probability was correlated with species differences in conidia shape and fungal endophytic capacity. Functional diversity reduction over the drying gradient is generally associated with non-random abiotic filtering. However, the assembly processes changed over the drying gradient, with random assembly prevailing at low drying intensity and abiotic filtering gaining more importance as drying intensifies. Collectively, our results can help anticipate the impacts of global change on fungal communities and ecosystem functioning.
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17
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Liu M, Li Y, Sun L, Du Z, Li W, Zhang L, Wang J, Chen J. Divergent coupling mechanism of precipitation on plant community multifunction across alpine grassland on the Tibetan Plateau. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1122140. [PMID: 36743555 PMCID: PMC9895794 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1122140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION It is essential to understand plant adaptive strategies on plant stoichiometric traits at the species level rather than at the community level under various environmental conditions across the Tibetan Plateau (TP). METHODS Here, plant community function and edaphic and meteorological factors were collected at 111 sites along an extensive water-heat gradient during the peak growing season in 2015. Community-weighted mean trait (CWM) was introduced to illuminating dynamics of the functional trait at the community level. RESULTS Our results indicated that plant functional traits, including CWM-leaf total carbon (CWM_LTC), CWM-leaf total nitrogen (CWM_LTN), and CWM-leaf total phosphorus (CWM_LTP), showed similar and comparatively marked increases from alpine meadow (AM) to alpine steppe (AS). Moreover, since the tightly coordinated variation among each plant functional trait of AM was higher than that of AS, a more stable coupling mechanism of these plant functional traits could be observed in AM under a long-term evolutionary habit. Specifically, there was higher annual mean precipitation (AMP) in AM than that in AS significantly (P < 0.01), and AMP was significantly correlated with soil moisture and soil total phosphorus in AM. Generally, our findings suggest that precipitation determines divergent coupling plant community function in both AS and AM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Liu
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Le Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ziyin Du
- School of Geographical Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong, China
| | - Wencheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Resources and Environment, Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry University, Nyingchi, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jinniu Wang
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Ji Chen
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Tjele, Denmark
- Aarhus University Centre for Circular Bioeconomy, Aarhus University, Tjele, Denmark
- Climate Interdisciplinary Centre for Climate Change, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark
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18
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Chen K, Pan Y, Li Y, Cheng J, Lin H, Zhuo W, He Y, Fang Y, Jiang Y. Slope position- mediated soil environmental filtering drives plant community assembly processes in hilly shrublands of Guilin, China. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1074191. [PMID: 36684746 PMCID: PMC9859686 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1074191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS A major goal of community ecology focuses on trying to understand how environmental filter on plant functional traits drive plant community assembly. However, slopes positions- mediated soil environmental factors on community-weighted mean (CWM) plant traits in shrub community has not been extensively explored to analyze and distinguish assembly processes. METHODS Here, we surveyed woody shrub plant communities from three slope positions (foot, middle, and upper) in a low hilly area of Guilin, China to assess differences in functional trait CWMs and environmental factors across these positions. We also measured the CWMs of four plant functional traits including specific leaf area, leaf dry matter content, leaf chlorophyll content, and leaf thickness and nine abiotic environmental factors, including soil water content, soil organic content, soil pH, soil total nitrogen, soil total phosphorus, soil total potassium, soil available nitrogen, soil available phosphorus, and soil available potassium. We used ANOVA and Tukey HSD multiple comparisons to assess differences in functional trait CWMs and environmental factors across the three slope positions. We used redundancy analysis (RDA) to compare the relationships between CWMs trait and environmental factors along three slope positions, and also quantified slope position-mediated soil environmental filtering on these traits with a three-step trait-based null model approach. RESULTS The CWMs of three leaf functional traits and all soil environmental factors except soil pH showed significant differences across the three slope positions. Soil total nitrogen, available nitrogen, available potassium, and soil organic matter were positively correlated with the CWM specific leaf area and leaf chlorophyll content along the first RDA axis and soil total potassium, total phosphorous, and soil water content were positively correlated with the CWM leaf dry matter content along the second RDA axis. Environmental filtering was detected for the CWM specific leaf area, leaf dry matter content, and leaf chlorophyll content but not leaf thickness at all three slope positions. CONCLUSIONS Ultimately, we found that soil environmental factors vary along slope positions and can cause variability in plant functional traits in shrub communities. Deciduous shrub species with high specific leaf area, low leaf dry matter content, and moderate leaf chlorophyll content dominated at the middle slope position, whereas evergreen species with low specific leaf area and high leaf dry matter content dominated in slope positions with infertile soils, steeper slopes, and more extreme soil water contents. Altogether, our null model approach allowed us to detect patterns of environmental filtering, which differed between traits and can be applied in the future to understand community assembly changes in Chinese hilly forest ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunquan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guili, China
| | - Yuanfang Pan
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guili, China
- Guangxi Mangrove Research Center, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Beihai, Guangxi, China
| | - Yeqi Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guili, China
| | - Jiaying Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guili, China
| | - Haili Lin
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guili, China
| | - Wenhua Zhuo
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guili, China
| | - Yan He
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guili, China
| | - Yaocheng Fang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guili, China
| | - Yong Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guili, China
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19
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Liu M, Xu L, Mu R, Zhang G, Yu R, Li L. Plant community assembly of alpine meadow at different altitudes in Northeast
Qinghai‐Tibet
Plateau. Ecosphere 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.4354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Minxia Liu
- College of Geography and Environmental Science Northwest Normal University Lanzhou China
| | - Lu Xu
- College of Geography and Environmental Science Northwest Normal University Lanzhou China
| | - Ruolan Mu
- College of Geography and Environmental Science Northwest Normal University Lanzhou China
| | - Guojuan Zhang
- College of Geography and Environmental Science Northwest Normal University Lanzhou China
| | - Ruixin Yu
- College of Geography and Environmental Science Northwest Normal University Lanzhou China
| | - Liang Li
- College of Geography and Environmental Science Northwest Normal University Lanzhou China
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20
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Maestre FT, Le Bagousse-Pinguet Y, Delgado-Baquerizo M, Eldridge DJ, Saiz H, Berdugo M, Gozalo B, Ochoa V, Guirado E, García-Gómez M, Valencia E, Gaitán JJ, Asensio S, Mendoza BJ, Plaza C, Díaz-Martínez P, Rey A, Hu HW, He JZ, Wang JT, Lehmann A, Rillig MC, Cesarz S, Eisenhauer N, Martínez-Valderrama J, Moreno-Jiménez E, Sala O, Abedi M, Ahmadian N, Alados CL, Aramayo V, Amghar F, Arredondo T, Ahumada RJ, Bahalkeh K, Ben Salem F, Blaum N, Boldgiv B, Bowker MA, Bran D, Bu C, Canessa R, Castillo-Monroy AP, Castro H, Castro I, Castro-Quezada P, Chibani R, Conceição AA, Currier CM, Darrouzet-Nardi A, Deák B, Donoso DA, Dougill AJ, Durán J, Erdenetsetseg B, Espinosa CI, Fajardo A, Farzam M, Ferrante D, Frank ASK, Fraser LH, Gherardi LA, Greenville AC, Guerra CA, Gusmán-Montalvan E, Hernández-Hernández RM, Hölzel N, Huber-Sannwald E, Hughes FM, Jadán-Maza O, Jeltsch F, Jentsch A, Kaseke KF, Köbel M, Koopman JE, Leder CV, Linstädter A, le Roux PC, Li X, Liancourt P, Liu J, Louw MA, Maggs-Kölling G, Makhalanyane TP, Issa OM, Manzaneda AJ, Marais E, Mora JP, Moreno G, Munson SM, Nunes A, Oliva G, Oñatibia GR, Peter G, Pivari MOD, Pueyo Y, Quiroga RE, Rahmanian S, Reed SC, Rey PJ, Richard B, Rodríguez A, Rolo V, Rubalcaba JG, Ruppert JC, Salah A, Schuchardt MA, Spann S, Stavi I, Stephens CRA, Swemmer AM, Teixido AL, Thomas AD, Throop HL, Tielbörger K, Travers S, Val J, Valkó O, van den Brink L, Ayuso SV, Velbert F, Wamiti W, Wang D, Wang L, Wardle GM, Yahdjian L, Zaady E, Zhang Y, Zhou X, Singh BK, Gross N. Grazing and ecosystem service delivery in global drylands. Science 2022; 378:915-920. [DOI: 10.1126/science.abq4062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Grazing represents the most extensive use of land worldwide. Yet its impacts on ecosystem services remain uncertain because pervasive interactions between grazing pressure, climate, soil properties, and biodiversity may occur but have never been addressed simultaneously. Using a standardized survey at 98 sites across six continents, we show that interactions between grazing pressure, climate, soil, and biodiversity are critical to explain the delivery of fundamental ecosystem services across drylands worldwide. Increasing grazing pressure reduced ecosystem service delivery in warmer and species-poor drylands, whereas positive effects of grazing were observed in colder and species-rich areas. Considering interactions between grazing and local abiotic and biotic factors is key for understanding the fate of dryland ecosystems under climate change and increasing human pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando T. Maestre
- Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio “Ramón Margalef,” Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
- Departamento de Ecología, Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | | | - Manuel Delgado-Baquerizo
- Laboratorio de Biodiversidad y Funcionamiento Ecosistémico, Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (IRNAS), CSIC, Sevilla, Spain
- Unidad Asociada CSIC-UPO (BioFun), Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain
| | - David J. Eldridge
- Department of Planning and Environment, c/o Centre for Ecosystem Science, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Hugo Saiz
- Departamento de Ciencias Agrarias y Medio Natural, Escuela Politécnica Superior, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Ciencias Ambientales de Aragón (IUCA), Universidad de Zaragoza, Huesca, Spain
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Miguel Berdugo
- Institut de Biología Evolutiva (UPF-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Beatriz Gozalo
- Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio “Ramón Margalef,” Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Victoria Ochoa
- Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio “Ramón Margalef,” Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
- Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Emilio Guirado
- Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio “Ramón Margalef,” Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Miguel García-Gómez
- Departamento de Ingeniería y Morfología del Terreno, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Caminos, Canales y Puertos, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Enrique Valencia
- Departamento de Biología y Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles, Spain
- Departamento de Biodiversidad, Ecología y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan J. Gaitán
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Instituto de Suelos-CNIA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Universidad Nacional de Luján, Departamento de Tecnología, Luján, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas de Argentina (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sergio Asensio
- Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio “Ramón Margalef,” Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Betty J. Mendoza
- Departamento de Biología y Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles, Spain
| | - César Plaza
- Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paloma Díaz-Martínez
- Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Rey
- Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Hang-Wei Hu
- Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ji-Zheng He
- Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jun-Tao Wang
- Global Centre for Land-Based Innovation, Western Sydney University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Anika Lehmann
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Biology, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias C. Rillig
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Biology, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Berlin, Germany
| | - Simone Cesarz
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Leipzig University, Institute of Biology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nico Eisenhauer
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Leipzig University, Institute of Biology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jaime Martínez-Valderrama
- Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio “Ramón Margalef,” Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Eduardo Moreno-Jiménez
- Department of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Osvaldo Sala
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
- School of Sustainability, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
- Global Drylands Center, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Mehdi Abedi
- Department of Range Management, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Mazandaran Province, Iran
| | - Negar Ahmadian
- Department of Range Management, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Mazandaran Province, Iran
| | | | - Valeria Aramayo
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche, Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - Fateh Amghar
- Laboratoire de Recherche: Biodiversité, Biotechnologie, Environnement et Développement Durable (BioDev), Faculté des Sciences, Université M’hamed Bougara de Boumerdès, Boumerdès, Algérie
| | - Tulio Arredondo
- Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, A.C., San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Rodrigo J. Ahumada
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Catamarca, Catamarca, Argentina
| | - Khadijeh Bahalkeh
- Department of Range Management, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Mazandaran Province, Iran
| | - Farah Ben Salem
- Laboratory of Range Ecology, Institut des Régions Arides (IRA), Médenine, Tunisia
| | - Niels Blaum
- University of Potsdam, Plant Ecology and Conservation Biology, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Bazartseren Boldgiv
- Laboratory of Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, Department of Biology, School of Arts and Sciences, National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Matthew A. Bowker
- School of Forestry, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
- Center for Ecosystem Science and Society, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
| | - Donaldo Bran
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche, Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - Chongfeng Bu
- Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Rafaella Canessa
- Ecological Plant Geography, Faculty of Geography, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Plant Ecology Group, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Helena Castro
- Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ignacio Castro
- Universidad Nacional Experimental Simón Rodríguez (UNESR), Instituto de Estudios Científicos y Tecnológicos (IDECYT), Centro de Estudios de Agroecología Tropical (CEDAT), Miranda, Venezuela
| | - Patricio Castro-Quezada
- Universidad de Cuenca, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Carrera de Ingeniería Agronómica, Grupo de Agroforestería, Manejo y Conservación del paisaje, Cuenca, Ecuador
| | - Roukaya Chibani
- Laboratory of Range Ecology, Institut des Régions Arides (IRA), Médenine, Tunisia
| | - Abel A. Conceição
- Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana (UEFS), Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Courtney M. Currier
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
- Global Drylands Center, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | | | - Balázs Deák
- Lendület Seed Ecology Research Group, Institute of Ecology and Botany, Centre for Ecological Research, Vácrátót, Hungary
| | - David A. Donoso
- Departamento de Biología, Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Quito, Ecuador
- Centro de Investigación de la Biodiversidad y Cambio Climático, Universidad Tecnológica Indoamérica, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Andrew J. Dougill
- Department of Environment and Geography, University of York, York, UK
| | - Jorge Durán
- Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Misión Biolóxica de Galicia, CSIC, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Batdelger Erdenetsetseg
- Laboratory of Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, Department of Biology, School of Arts and Sciences, National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Carlos I. Espinosa
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja, Ecuador
| | - Alex Fajardo
- Instituto de Investigación Interdisciplinaria (I3), Vicerrectoría Académica, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Mohammad Farzam
- Department of Range and Watershed Management, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Daniela Ferrante
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria EEA Santa Cruz, Río Gallegos, Santa Cruz, Argentina
- Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral, Río Gallegos, Santa Cruz, Argentina
| | - Anke S. K. Frank
- School of Agriculture, Environmental and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Port Macquarie, New South Wales, Australia
- Desert Ecology Research Group, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Lauchlan H. Fraser
- Department of Natural Resource Science, Thompson Rivers University, Kamloops, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Laureano A. Gherardi
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Aaron C. Greenville
- Desert Ecology Research Group, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Carlos A. Guerra
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biology, Martin-Luther University Halle Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | | | - Rosa M. Hernández-Hernández
- Universidad Nacional Experimental Simón Rodríguez (UNESR), Instituto de Estudios Científicos y Tecnológicos (IDECYT), Centro de Estudios de Agroecología Tropical (CEDAT), Miranda, Venezuela
| | - Norbert Hölzel
- Institute of Landscape Ecology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | | | - Frederic M. Hughes
- Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana (UEFS), Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Bahia, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional da Mata Atlântica (INMA), Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Oswaldo Jadán-Maza
- Universidad de Cuenca, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Carrera de Ingeniería Agronómica, Grupo de Agroforestería, Manejo y Conservación del paisaje, Cuenca, Ecuador
| | - Florian Jeltsch
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Berlin, Germany
- University of Potsdam, Plant Ecology and Conservation Biology, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Anke Jentsch
- Department of Disturbance Ecology, Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research BayCEER, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Kudzai F. Kaseke
- Earth Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Melanie Köbel
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Jessica E. Koopman
- Microbiome@UP, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Cintia V. Leder
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas de Argentina (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Universidad Nacional de Río Negro, Sede Atlántica, CEANPa, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - Anja Linstädter
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Biodiversity Research/Systematic Botany Group, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Peter C. le Roux
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Xinkai Li
- Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Pierre Liancourt
- Plant Ecology Group, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Institute of Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Pruhonice, Czech Republic
- Botany Department, State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Jushan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Michelle A. Louw
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | | | - Thulani P. Makhalanyane
- Microbiome@UP, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Oumarou Malam Issa
- Institut d’Écologie et des Sciences de l’Environnement de Paris (iEES-Paris), Sorbonne Université, IRD, CNRS, INRAE, Université Paris Est Creteil, Université de Paris, Centre IRD de France Nord, Bondy, France
| | - Antonio J. Manzaneda
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación del Sistema Tierra en Andalucía, Universidad de Jaén, Jaén, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Animal, Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Universidad de Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Eugene Marais
- Gobabeb-Namib Research Institute, Walvis Bay, Namibia
| | - Juan P. Mora
- Instituto de Investigación Interdisciplinaria (I3), Vicerrectoría Académica, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Gerardo Moreno
- Forestry School, INDEHESA, Universidad de Extremadura, Plasencia, Spain
| | - Seth M. Munson
- US Geological Survey, Southwest Biological Science Center, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
| | - Alice Nunes
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Gabriel Oliva
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria EEA Santa Cruz, Río Gallegos, Santa Cruz, Argentina
- Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral, Río Gallegos, Santa Cruz, Argentina
| | - Gastón R. Oñatibia
- Cátedra de Ecología, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura (IFEVA-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Guadalupe Peter
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas de Argentina (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Universidad Nacional de Río Negro, Sede Atlántica, CEANPa, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - Marco O. D. Pivari
- Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Yolanda Pueyo
- Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología (IPE, CSIC), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - R. Emiliano Quiroga
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Catamarca, Catamarca, Argentina
- Cátedra de Manejo de Pastizales Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Catamarca, Catamarca, Argentina
| | - Soroor Rahmanian
- Department of Range and Watershed Management, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Forest Engineering, Forest Management Planning and Terrestrial Measurements, Faculty of Silviculture and Forest Engineering, Transilvania University of Brasov, Brasov, Romania
| | - Sasha C. Reed
- US Geological Survey, Southwest Biological Science Center, Moab, UT, USA
| | - Pedro J. Rey
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación del Sistema Tierra en Andalucía, Universidad de Jaén, Jaén, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Animal, Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Universidad de Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | | | - Alexandra Rodríguez
- Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Víctor Rolo
- Forestry School, INDEHESA, Universidad de Extremadura, Plasencia, Spain
| | | | - Jan C. Ruppert
- Plant Ecology Group, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Max A. Schuchardt
- Department of Disturbance Ecology, Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research BayCEER, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Sedona Spann
- School of Forestry, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
| | - Ilan Stavi
- Dead Sea and Arava Science Center, Yotvata, Israel
| | - Colton R. A. Stephens
- Department of Natural Resource Science, Thompson Rivers University, Kamloops, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Anthony M. Swemmer
- South African Environmental Observation Network (SAEON), Phalaborwa, Kruger National Park, South Africa
| | - Alberto L. Teixido
- Departamento de Botânica e Ecologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Andrew D. Thomas
- Department of Geography and Earth Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Wales, UK
| | - Heather L. Throop
- School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | | | - Samantha Travers
- Centre for Ecosystem Science, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - James Val
- Science Division, Department of Planning, Industry and Environment, New South Wales Government, Buronga, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Orsolya Valkó
- Lendület Seed Ecology Research Group, Institute of Ecology and Botany, Centre for Ecological Research, Vácrátót, Hungary
| | | | - Sergio Velasco Ayuso
- Cátedra de Ecología, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura (IFEVA-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Frederike Velbert
- Institute of Landscape Ecology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Wanyoike Wamiti
- Zoology Department, National Museums of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Deli Wang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Lixin Wang
- Department of Earth Sciences, Indiana University–Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI), Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Glenda M. Wardle
- Desert Ecology Research Group, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Laura Yahdjian
- Cátedra de Ecología, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura (IFEVA-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Eli Zaady
- Department of Natural Resources, Agricultural Research Organization, Institute of Plant Sciences, Gilat Research Center, Mobile Post Negev, Israel
| | - Yuanming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - Xiaobing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - Brajesh K. Singh
- Global Centre for Land-Based Innovation, Western Sydney University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nicolas Gross
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, Unité Mixte de Recherche Ecosystème Prairial, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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21
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Grazing and light modify Silene latifolia responses to nutrients and future climate. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0276789. [DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Altered climate, nutrient enrichment and changes in grazing patterns are important environmental and biotic changes in temperate grassland systems. Singly and in concert these factors can influence plant performance and traits, with consequences for species competitive ability, and thus for species coexistence, community composition and diversity. However, we lack experimental tests of the mechanisms, such as competition for light, driving plant performance and traits under nutrient enrichment, grazer exclusion and future climate. We used transplants of Silene latifolia, a widespread grassland forb in Europe, to study plant responses to interactions among climate, nutrients, grazing and light. We recorded transplant biomass, height, specific leaf area (SLA) and foliar carbon to nitrogen ratio (C:N) in full-factorial combinations of future climate treatment, fertilization, grazer exclusion and light addition via LED-lamps. Future climate and fertilization together increased transplant height but only in unlighted plots. Light addition increased SLA in ambient climate, and decreased C:N in unfertilized plots. Further, transplants had higher biomass in future climatic conditions when protected from grazers. In general, grazing had a strong negative effect on all measured variables regardless of added nutrients and light. Our results show that competition for light may lead to taller individuals and interacts with climate and nutrients to affect traits related to resource-use. Furthermore, our study suggests grazing may counteract the benefits of future climate on the biomass of species such as Silene latifolia. Consequently, grazers and light may be important modulators of individual plant performance and traits under nutrient enrichment and future climatic conditions.
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22
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Liu C, Sack L, Li Y, He N. Contrasting adaptation and optimization of stomatal traits across communities at continental scale. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:6405-6416. [PMID: 35716087 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Shifts in stomatal trait distributions across contrasting environments and their linkage with ecosystem productivity at large spatial scales have been unclear. Here, we measured the maximum stomatal conductance (g), stomatal area fraction (f), and stomatal space-use efficiency (e, the ratio of g to f) of 800 plant species ranging from tropical to cold-temperate forests, and determined their values for community-weighted mean, variance, skewness, and kurtosis. We found that the community-weighted means of g and f were higher in drier sites, and thus, that drought 'avoidance' by water availability-driven growth pulses was the dominant mode of adaptation for communities at sites with low water availability. Additionally, the variance of g and f was also higher at arid sites, indicating greater functional niche differentiation, whereas that for e was lower, indicating the convergence in efficiency. When all other stomatal trait distributions were held constant, increasing kurtosis or decreasing skewness of g would improve ecosystem productivity, whereas f showed the opposite patterns, suggesting that the distributions of inter-related traits can play contrasting roles in regulating ecosystem productivity. These findings demonstrate the climatic trends of stomatal trait distributions and their significance in the prediction of ecosystem productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lawren Sack
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90025, USA
| | - Ying Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Nianpeng He
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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23
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Kramp RE, Liancourt P, Herberich MM, Saul L, Weides S, Tielbörger K, Májeková M. Functional traits and their plasticity shift from tolerant to avoidant under extreme drought. Ecology 2022; 103:e3826. [PMID: 35857330 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Under climate change, extreme droughts will limit water availability for plants. However, the species-specific responses make it difficult to draw general conclusions. We hypothesized that changes in species' abundance in response to extreme drought can be best explained by a set of water economic traits under ambient conditions in combination with the ability to adjust these traits towards higher drought resistance. We conducted a four-year field experiment in temperate grasslands using rainout shelters with 30% and 50% rainfall reduction. We quantified the response as the change in species abundance between ambient conditions and the rainfall reduction. Abundance response to extreme drought was best explained by a combination of traits in ambient conditions and their functional adjustment, most likely reflecting plasticity. Smaller leaved species decreased less in abundance under drought. With increasing drought intensity, we observed a shift from drought tolerance, i.e. an increase in leaf dry matter content, to avoidance, i.e. a less negative turgor loss point (TLP) in ambient conditions and a constancy in TLP under drought. We stress the importance of using a multidimensional approach of variation in multiple traits and the importance of considering a range of drought intensities to improve predictions of species' response to climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa E Kramp
- Plant Ecology Group, University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Pierre Liancourt
- Plant Ecology Group, University of Tübingen, Germany.,Botany Department, State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart, Germany.,Institute of Botany, Czech Academy of Science, Czech Republic
| | | | - Lara Saul
- Plant Ecology Group, University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sophie Weides
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Switzerland
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24
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Wang J, Wang Y, Qu M, Feng Y, Wu B, Lu Q, He N, Li J. Testing the Functional and Phylogenetic Assembly of Plant Communities in Gobi Deserts of Northern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:952074. [PMID: 35923883 PMCID: PMC9340061 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.952074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism governing plant community assembly across large-scale Gobi deserts remains unclear. Here, we inferred the roles of different assembly processes in structuring plant communities in the Gobi deserts of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau by using a phylogenetic tree, and leaf and root traits. The functional and phylogenetic structures of 183 plant communities were assessed, and their distributions were linked with environmental gradients. Our results demonstrated that functional convergence was prevalent in most functional traits (75% of the traits) and accentuated when all traits were combined. The phylogenetic structure exhibited significant divergence. We observed the contrasting response of functional and phylogenetic assembly structures to environmental gradients. More importantly, we found that the shifts in the functional assembly along environmental gradients were trait-specific, with dominant roles of local factors, such as gravel coverage and soil attributes, in determining the distribution patterns of most traits. However, the distribution patterns of leaf P concentration (LPC), root N concentration (RNC), and root P concentration (RPC) were mainly driven by climatic factors. These results reveal that niche-based processes, such as abiotic filtering and weaker competitive exclusion, are the major drivers of species co-occurrence, which results in the widespread coexistence of phylogenetically distinct but functionally similar species within the Gobi plant community. Our findings could improve the understanding of plant community assembly processes and biodiversity maintenance in extremely harsh drylands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianming Wang
- School of Ecology Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
| | - Yin Wang
- School of Ecology Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Mengjun Qu
- School of Ecology Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Yiming Feng
- Institute of Desertification Studies, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Wu
- Institute of Desertification Studies, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Lu
- Institute of Desertification Studies, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Nianpeng He
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
| | - Jingwen Li
- School of Ecology Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
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25
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Concostrina-Zubiri L, Prieto M, Hurtado P, Escudero A, Martínez I. Functional diversity regulates the effects of habitat degradation on biocrust phylogenetic and taxonomic diversities. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2022; 32:e2599. [PMID: 35343001 DOI: 10.1002/eap.2599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Biocrusts are major contributors to dryland diversity, functioning, and services. However, little is known about how habitat degradation will impact multiple facets of biocrust diversity and measurable functional traits. We evaluated changes in taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity of biocrust-forming lichens along a habitat degradation gradient related to the presence of linear infrastructure (i.e., a road) and a profound agricultural driven transformation. To do so, we selected 50 remnants of a Mediterranean shrubland. We considered several surrogates of habitat quality and causal disturbance on the various diversity facets of biocrusts by using structural equation modeling, hypothesizing that habitat degradation primarily affects functional diversity, which in turn regulates changes in taxonomic and phylogenetic diversities, and also that taxonomic and phylogenetic diversities are coupled. Fragment connectivity, distance to linear infrastructure (i.e., a road) and, particularly, soil fertility (i.e., soil P concentration), had mostly negative effects on biocrust functional diversity, which in turn affected both taxonomic and phylogenetic diversities. However, we found no direct effects of habitat degradation variables on the taxonomic and phylogenetic diversities. We also found that increases in phylogenetic diversity had a positive effect on taxonomic diversity along the habitat degradation gradient. Our results indicate that functional diversity of biocrusts is strongly affected by habitat degradation, which may profoundly alter their contribution to ecosystem functioning and services. Furthermore, functional diversity regulates the response of biocrust taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity to habitat degradation. These findings indicate that habitat degradation alters and simplifies the diversity of functional traits of biocrust-forming lichens, leading to biodiversity loss, with important consequences for the conservation of global drylands biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - María Prieto
- Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Hurtado
- Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Biología (Botánica), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Adrián Escudero
- Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Martínez
- Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid, Spain
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26
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Rodriguez‐Barrera MG, Kühn I, Estrada‐Castillón E, Cord AF. Grassland type and seasonal effects have a bigger influence on plant functional and taxonomical diversity than prairie dog disturbances in semiarid grasslands. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e9040. [PMID: 35845363 PMCID: PMC9279056 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.9040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Prairie dogs (Cynomys sp.) are considered keystone species and ecosystem engineers for their grazing and burrowing activities (summarized here as disturbances). As climate changes and its variability increases, the mechanisms underlying organisms' interactions with their habitat will likely shift. Understanding the mediating role of prairie dog disturbance on vegetation structure, and its interaction with environmental conditions through time, will increase knowledge on the risks and vulnerability of grasslands.Here, we compared how plant taxonomical diversity, functional diversity metrics, and community-weighted trait means (CWM) respond to prairie dog C. mexicanus disturbance across grassland types and seasons (dry and wet) in a priority conservation semiarid grassland of Northeast Mexico.Our findings suggest that functional metrics and CWM analyses responded to interactions between prairie dog disturbance, grassland type and season, whilst species diversity and cover measures were less sensitive to the role of prairie dog disturbance. We found weak evidence that prairie dog disturbance has a negative effect on vegetation structure, except for minimal effects on C4 and graminoid cover, but which depended mainly on season. Grassland type and season explained most of the effects on plant functional and taxonomic diversity as well as CWM traits. Furthermore, we found that leaf area as well as forb and annual cover increased during the wet season, independent of prairie dog disturbance.Our results provide evidence that grassland type and season have a stronger effect than prairie dog disturbance on the vegetation of this short-grass, water-restricted grassland ecosystem. We argue that focusing solely on disturbance and grazing effects is misleading, and attention is needed on the relationships between vegetation and environmental conditions which will be critical to understand semiarid grassland dynamics under future climate change conditions in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Gabriela Rodriguez‐Barrera
- Chair of Computational Landscape Ecology, Institute of GeographyTechnische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany
- Department of Computational Landscape EcologyHelmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZLeipzigGermany
| | - Ingolf Kühn
- Department of Community EcologyHelmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZHalleGermany
- Department of Geobotany and Botanic Garden/Institute for BiologyMartin Luther University Halle‐WittenbergHalleGermany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐LeipzigLeipzigGermany
| | | | - Anna F. Cord
- Chair of Computational Landscape Ecology, Institute of GeographyTechnische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany
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27
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Da R, Hao M, Qiao X, Zhang C, Zhao X. Unravelling Trait-Environment Relationships at Local and Regional Scales in Temperate Forests. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:907839. [PMID: 35707613 PMCID: PMC9189410 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.907839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the trait-environment relationships has been a core ecological research topic in the face of global climate change. However, the strength of trait-environment relationships at the local and regional scales in temperate forests remains poorly known. In this study, we investigated the local and regional scale forest plots of the natural broad-leaved temperate forest in northeastern China, to assess what extent community-level trait composition depends on environmental drivers across spatial scales. We measured five key functional traits (leaf area, specific leaf area, leaf carbon content, leaf nitrogen content, and wood density) of woody plant, and quantified functional compositions of communities by calculating the "specific" community-weighted mean (CWM) traits. The sum of squares decomposition method was used to quantify the relative contribution of intraspecific trait variation to total trait variation among communities. Multiple linear regression model was then used to explore the community-level trait-environment relationships. We found that (i) intraspecific trait variation contributed considerably to total trait variation and decreased with the spatial scale from local to regional; (ii) functional composition was mainly affected by soil and topography factors at the local scale and climate factor at the regional scale, while explaining that variance of environment factors were decreased with increasing spatial scale; and (iii) the main environment driver of functional composition was varied depending on the traits and spatial scale. This work is one of the few multi-scale analyses to investigate the environmental drivers of community functional compositions. The extent of intraspecific trait variation and the strength of trait-environment relationship showed consistent trends with increasing spatial scale. Our findings demonstrate the influence of environmental filtering on both local- and regional-scale temperate forest communities, and contribute to a comprehensive understanding of trait-environment relationships across spatial scales.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Xiuhai Zhao
- Research Center of Forest Management Engineering of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
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28
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Nishizawa K, Shinohara N, Cadotte MW, Mori AS. The latitudinal gradient in plant community assembly processes: A meta-analysis. Ecol Lett 2022; 25:1711-1724. [PMID: 35616424 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Beta(β)-diversity, or site-to-site variation in species composition, generally decreases with increasing latitude, and the underlying processes driving this pattern have been challenging to elucidate because the signals of community assembly processes are scale-dependent. In this meta-analysis, by synthesising the results of 103 studies that were distributed globally and conducted at various spatial scales, we revealed a latitudinal gradient in the detectable assembly processes of vascular plant communities. Variations in plant community composition at low and high latitudes were mainly explained by geographic variables, suggesting that distance decay and dispersal limitations causing spatial aggregation are influential in these regions. In contrast, variation in species composition correlated most strongly with environmental variables at mid-latitudes (20-30°), reflecting the importance of environmental filtering, although this unimodal pattern was not statistically significant. Importantly, our analysis revealed the effects of different spatial scales, such that the correlation with spatial variables was stronger at smaller sampling extents, and environmental variables were more influential at larger sampling extents. We concluded that plant communities are driven by different community assembly processes in distinct biogeographical regions, suggesting that the latitudinal gradient of biodiversity is created by a combination of multiple processes that vary with environmental and species size differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keita Nishizawa
- The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Japan
| | | | - Marc W Cadotte
- Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Canada
| | - Akira S Mori
- The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Japan
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29
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Li Y, Liu C, Sack L, Xu L, Li M, Zhang J, He N. Leaf trait network architecture shifts with species-richness and climate across forests at continental scale. Ecol Lett 2022; 25:1442-1457. [PMID: 35397188 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Variation in the architecture of trait networks among ecosystems has been rarely quantified, but can provide high resolution of the contrasting adaptation of the whole phenotype. We constructed leaf trait networks (LTNs) from 35 structural, anatomical and compositional leaf traits for 394 tree species in nine forests from tropical to cold-temperate zones in China. Our analyses supported the hypothesis that LTNs would increase in modular complexity across forests in parallel with species-richness and climatic warmth and moisture, due to reduced phenotypic constraints and greater opportunities for niche differentiation. Additionally, we found that within LTNs, leaf economics traits including leaf thickness would have central importance, acting as hub traits with high connectivity due to their contributions to multiple functions. Across the continent, the greater species richness and trait diversity observed in forests under resource-rich climates enable greater complexity in whole phenotype structure and function as indicated by the trait network architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Congcong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lawren Sack
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Li Xu
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mingxu Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiahui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Nianpeng He
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, and Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Changchun, China
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30
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Cooley SS, Fisher JB, Goldsmith GR. Convergence in water use efficiency within plant functional types across contrasting climates. NATURE PLANTS 2022; 8:341-345. [PMID: 35422082 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-022-01131-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Water use efficiency (WUE) provides a direct measure of the inextricable link between plant carbon uptake and water loss, and it can be used to study how ecosystem function varies with climate. We analysed WUE data from the ECOsystem Spaceborne Thermal Radiometer Experiment on Space Station (ECOSTRESS), leveraging the high spatial resolution of ECOSTRESS to study the distribution of WUE values both within and among regions with different plant functional types. Our results indicate that despite wide local variability of WUE estimates, WUE tended to converge to common global optima (peaked distributions with variance <0.5 g C per kg H2O, kurtosis >3.0) for five of nine plant functional types (grassland, permanent wetland, savannah, deciduous broadleaf and deciduous needleleaf forest), and this convergence occurred in functional types that spanned distinct geographic regions and climates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Savannah S Cooley
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joshua B Fisher
- Schmid College of Science and Technology, Chapman University, Orange, CA, USA.
| | - Gregory R Goldsmith
- Schmid College of Science and Technology, Chapman University, Orange, CA, USA
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31
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Xu Z, Johnson DJ, Zhu K, Lin F, Ye J, Yuan Z, Mao Z, Fang S, Hao Z, Wang X. Interannual climate variability has predominant effects on seedling survival in a temperate forest. Ecology 2022; 103:e3643. [DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Daniel J. Johnson
- School of Forest, Fisheries, and Geomatics Sciences University of Florida Gainesville Florida USA
| | - Kai Zhu
- Department of Environmental Studies University of California Santa Cruz California USA
| | - Fei Lin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang China
| | - Ji Ye
- CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang China
| | - Zuoqiang Yuan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang China
| | - Zikun Mao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Shuai Fang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang China
| | - Zhanqing Hao
- School of Ecology and Environment Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an China
| | - Xugao Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang China
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32
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Wang J, Li M, Xu L, Liu C, Yan P, He N. Divergent Abiotic Stressors Drive Grassland Community Assembly of Tibet and Mongolia Plateau. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 12:715730. [PMID: 35046966 PMCID: PMC8761913 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.715730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Multiple ecological processes simultaneously govern community assembly, but it remains unclear how abiotic stressors regulate the relative importance of these processes among different biogeographic regions. Therefore, we conducted a comprehensive study on the responses of community assembly to varying environmental gradients, using the mean, variance, skewness, and kurtosis of plant height (height), specific leaf area (SLA) and leaf dry matter content (LDMC) distributions on the Tibetan Plateau (TP) and the Mongolian Plateau (MP). Our results showed that the prevalence of trait convergence across all grasslands in both TP and MP seem to be the result of abiotic filtering or weaker competitive exclusion etc. These trait-convergence assembly processes decrease the functional dispersion but increase the evenness of the trait frequency distribution. The mean, variance, skewness, and kurtosis responses of grassland communities to abiotic stress varied between the TP and MP. On average, plant trait distribution was mainly driven by temperature on the TP, and low-temperature stress altered the community assembly rules. In contrast, water availability shaped plant trait frequency distributions on the MP, and drought stress mediated the balance between different assembly processes. Our results provide empirical evidence that divergent abiotic stressors regulate the grassland community assembly on the TP and MP. Together, our study speculates that different aspects of future climate change, such as climate warming and changing precipitation patterns, on community assembly are dependent on regional climatic regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mingxu Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li Xu
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Congcong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Pu Yan
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Nianpeng He
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
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33
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Hu W, Ran J, Dong L, Du Q, Ji M, Yao S, Sun Y, Gong C, Hou Q, Gong H, Chen R, Lu J, Xie S, Wang Z, Huang H, Li X, Xiong J, Xia R, Wei M, Zhao D, Zhang Y, Li J, Yang H, Wang X, Deng Y, Sun Y, Li H, Zhang L, Chu Q, Li X, Aqeel M, Manan A, Akram MA, Liu X, Li R, Li F, Hou C, Liu J, He JS, An L, Bardgett RD, Schmid B, Deng J. Aridity-driven shift in biodiversity-soil multifunctionality relationships. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5350. [PMID: 34504089 PMCID: PMC8429721 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25641-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Relationships between biodiversity and multiple ecosystem functions (that is, ecosystem multifunctionality) are context-dependent. Both plant and soil microbial diversity have been reported to regulate ecosystem multifunctionality, but how their relative importance varies along environmental gradients remains poorly understood. Here, we relate plant and microbial diversity to soil multifunctionality across 130 dryland sites along a 4,000 km aridity gradient in northern China. Our results show a strong positive association between plant species richness and soil multifunctionality in less arid regions, whereas microbial diversity, in particular of fungi, is positively associated with multifunctionality in more arid regions. This shift in the relationships between plant or microbial diversity and soil multifunctionality occur at an aridity level of ∼0.8, the boundary between semiarid and arid climates, which is predicted to advance geographically ∼28% by the end of the current century. Our study highlights that biodiversity loss of plants and soil microorganisms may have especially strong consequences under low and high aridity conditions, respectively, which calls for climate-specific biodiversity conservation strategies to mitigate the effects of aridification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weigang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jinzhi Ran
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Longwei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Qiajun Du
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Mingfei Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shuran Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yuan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chunmei Gong
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Qingqing Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Haiyang Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Renfei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jingli Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shubin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Heng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaowei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Junlan Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Rui Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Maohong Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Dongmin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yahui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jinhui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Huixia Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaoting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yan Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ying Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hailing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Qipeng Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xinwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Aqeel
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Abdul Manan
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Adnan Akram
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xianghan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Rui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Fan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chen Hou
- Department of Biological Science, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, USA
| | - Jianquan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jin-Sheng He
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lizhe An
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Richard D Bardgett
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | - Bernhard Schmid
- Department of Geography, Remote Sensing Laboratories, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Jianming Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
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34
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Zhang Y, He N, Yu G. Opposing shifts in distributions of chlorophyll concentration and composition in grassland under warming. Sci Rep 2021; 11:15736. [PMID: 34344961 PMCID: PMC8333091 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95281-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Global warming has significantly altered the distribution and productivity of vegetation owing to shifts in plant functional traits. However, chlorophyll adaptations-good representative of plant production-in grasslands have not been investigated on a large scale, hindering ecological predictions of climate change. Three grassland transects with a natural temperature gradient were designed in the Tibetan, Mongolian, and Loess Plateau to describe the changes in chlorophyll under different warming scenarios for 475 species. In the three plateaus, variations and distributions of species chlorophyll concentration and composition were compared. The results showed that the means of chlorophyll concentration and composition (chlorophyll a/b) increased with the mean annual temperature. Still, their distributions shifted in opposite manners: chlorophyll concentration was distributed in a broader but more differential manner, while chlorophyll composition was distributed in a narrower but more uniform manner. Compared to chlorophyll concentration, chlorophyll composition was more conservative, with a slight shift in distribution. At the regional level, the chlorophyll concentration and composition depend on the limitations of the local climate or resources. The results implied that warming might drive shifts in grassland chlorophyll distribution mainly by alternations in species composition. Large-scale chlorophyll investigations will be useful for developing prediction techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 11A, Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Nianpeng He
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 11A, Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China.
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China.
| | - Guirui Yu
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 11A, Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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35
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Zuo X, Zhao S, Cheng H, Hu Y, Wang S, Yue P, Liu R, Knapp AK, Smith MD, Yu Q, Koerner SE. Functional diversity response to geographic and experimental precipitation gradients varies with plant community type. Funct Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoan Zuo
- Urat Desert‐grassland Research StationNorthwest Institute of Eco‐Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of Science Lanzhou China
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology Gansu ProvinceLanzhou China
- Naiman Desertification Research Station Northwest Institute of Eco‐Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou China
| | - Shenglong Zhao
- Urat Desert‐grassland Research StationNorthwest Institute of Eco‐Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of Science Lanzhou China
| | - Huan Cheng
- College of forestry Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu China
| | - Ya Hu
- Urat Desert‐grassland Research StationNorthwest Institute of Eco‐Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of Science Lanzhou China
| | - Shaokun Wang
- Urat Desert‐grassland Research StationNorthwest Institute of Eco‐Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of Science Lanzhou China
| | - Ping Yue
- Urat Desert‐grassland Research StationNorthwest Institute of Eco‐Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of Science Lanzhou China
| | - Rentao Liu
- Key Laboratory for Restoration and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Northwestern China of Ministry of Education Ningxia University Yinchuan China
| | - Alan K. Knapp
- Department of Biology Colorado State University Fort Collins CO USA
| | - Melinda D. Smith
- Department of Biology Colorado State University Fort Collins CO USA
| | - Qiang Yu
- National Hulunber Grassland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing China
| | - Sally E. Koerner
- Department of Biology University of North Carolina Greensboro Greensboro NC USA
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36
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Huang C, Xu Y, Zang R. Variation Patterns of Functional Trait Moments Along Geographical Gradients and Their Environmental Determinants in the Subtropical Evergreen Broadleaved Forests. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:686965. [PMID: 34322143 PMCID: PMC8311185 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.686965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Understanding how environmental change alters the composition of plant assemblages is a major challenge in the face of global climate change. Researches accounting for site-specific trait values within forest communities help bridge plant economics theory and functional biogeography to better evaluate and predict relationships between environment and ecosystem functioning. Here, by measuring six functional traits (specific leaf area, leaf dry matter content, leaf nitrogen, and phosphorus concentration, leaf nitrogen/phosphorus, wood density) for 292 woody plant species (48,680 individuals) from 250 established permanent forest dynamics plots in five locations across the subtropical evergreen broadleaved forests (SEBLF) in China, we quantified functional compositions of communities by calculating four trait moments, i.e., community-weighted mean, variance, skewness, and kurtosis. The geographical (latitudinal, longitudinal, and elevational) patterns of functional trait moments and their environmental drivers were examined. Results showed that functional trait moments shifted significantly along the geographical gradients, and trait moments varied in different ways across different gradients. Plants generally showed coordinated trait shifts toward more conservative growth strategies (lower specific leaf area, leaf N and P concentration while higher leaf nitrogen/phosphorus and wood density) along increasing latitude and longitude. However, trends opposite to the latitudinal and longitudinal patterns appeared in trait mean values along elevation. The three sets of environmental variables (climate, soil and topography) explained 35.0-69.0%, 21.0-56.0%, 14.0-31.0%, and 16.0-30.0% of the variations in mean, variance, skewness, and kurtosis across the six functional traits, respectively. Patterns of shifts in functional trait moments along geographical gradients in the subtropical region were mainly determined by the joint effects of climatic and edaphic conditions. Climate regimes, especially climate variability, were the strongest driving force, followed by soil nutrients, while topography played the least role. Moreover, the relationship of variance, skewness and kurtosis with climate and their geographical patterns suggested that rare phenotypes at edges of trait space were selected in harsher environments. Our study suggested that environmental filtering (especially climate variability) was the dominant process of functional assembly for forest communities in the subtropical region along geographical gradients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caishuang Huang
- Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Xu
- Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing, China
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Runguo Zang
- Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing, China
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
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37
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Maestre FT, Benito BM, Berdugo M, Concostrina-Zubiri L, Delgado-Baquerizo M, Eldridge DJ, Guirado E, Gross N, Kéfi S, Le Bagousse-Pinguet Y, Ochoa-Hueso R, Soliveres S. Biogeography of global drylands. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 231:540-558. [PMID: 33864276 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Despite their extent and socio-ecological importance, a comprehensive biogeographical synthesis of drylands is lacking. Here we synthesize the biogeography of key organisms (vascular and nonvascular vegetation and soil microorganisms), attributes (functional traits, spatial patterns, plant-plant and plant-soil interactions) and processes (productivity and land cover) across global drylands. These areas have a long evolutionary history, are centers of diversification for many plant lineages and include important plant diversity hotspots. This diversity captures a strikingly high portion of the variation in leaf functional diversity observed globally. Part of this functional diversity is associated with the large variation in response and effect traits in the shrubs encroaching dryland grasslands. Aridity and its interplay with the traits of interacting plant species largely shape biogeographical patterns in plant-plant and plant-soil interactions, and in plant spatial patterns. Aridity also drives the composition of biocrust communities and vegetation productivity, which shows large geographical variation. We finish our review by discussing major research gaps, which include: studying regular vegetation spatial patterns; establishing large-scale plant and biocrust field surveys assessing individual-level trait measurements; knowing whether the impacts of plant-plant and plant-soil interactions on biodiversity are predictable; and assessing how elevated CO2 modulates future aridity conditions and plant productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando T Maestre
- Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio "Ramon Margalef", Universidad de Alicante, Carretera de San Vicente del Raspeig s/n, San Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante, 03690, Spain
- Departamento de Ecología, Universidad de Alicante, Carretera de San Vicente del Raspeig s/n, 03690 San Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante, Spain
| | - Blas M Benito
- Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio "Ramon Margalef", Universidad de Alicante, Carretera de San Vicente del Raspeig s/n, San Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante, 03690, Spain
| | - Miguel Berdugo
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva, UPF-CSIC, Dr. Aiguadé, Barcelona, Cataluña, 08003, Spain
| | - Laura Concostrina-Zubiri
- Departamento de Biología y Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Calle Tulipán s/n, Móstoles, 28933, Spain
| | - Manuel Delgado-Baquerizo
- Departamento de Sistemas Físicos, Químicos y Naturales, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, 41013, Spain
| | - David J Eldridge
- Centre for Ecosystem Science, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Emilio Guirado
- Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio "Ramon Margalef", Universidad de Alicante, Carretera de San Vicente del Raspeig s/n, San Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante, 03690, Spain
| | - Nicolas Gross
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR Ecosystème Prairial, Clermont-Ferrand, 63000, France
| | - Sonia Kéfi
- ISEM, CNRS, Univ. Montpellier, IRD, EPHE, Montpellier, 34090, France
- Santa Fe Institute, 1399 Hyde Park Road, Santa Fe, NM, 87501, USA
| | - Yoann Le Bagousse-Pinguet
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Avignon Université, IRD, IMBE, Technopôle Arbois-Méditerranée Bât. Villemin - BP 80, Aix-en-Provence cedex 04, F-13545, France
| | - Raúl Ochoa-Hueso
- Department of Biology, IVAGRO, University of Cádiz, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario (ceiA3), Campus del Rio San Pedro, Puerto Real, Cádiz, 11510, Spain
| | - Santiago Soliveres
- Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio "Ramon Margalef", Universidad de Alicante, Carretera de San Vicente del Raspeig s/n, San Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante, 03690, Spain
- Departamento de Ecología, Universidad de Alicante, Carretera de San Vicente del Raspeig s/n, 03690 San Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante, Spain
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Gross N, Le Bagousse-Pinguet Y, Liancourt P, Saiz H, Violle C, Munoz F. Unveiling ecological assembly rules from commonalities in trait distributions. Ecol Lett 2021; 24:1668-1680. [PMID: 34128304 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Deciphering the effect of neutral and deterministic processes on community assembly is critical to understand and predict diversity patterns. The information held in community trait distributions is commonly assumed as a signature of these processes, but empirical and modelling attempts have most often failed to untangle their confounding, sometimes opposing, impacts. Here, we simulated the assembly of trait distributions through stochastic (dispersal limitation) and/or deterministic scenarios (environmental filtering and niche differentiation). We characterized the shape of trait distributions using the skewness-kurtosis relationship. We identified commonalities in the co-variation between the skewness and the kurtosis of trait distributions with a unique signature for each simulated assembly scenario. Our findings were robust to variation in the composition of regional species pools, dispersal limitation and environmental conditions. While ecological communities can exhibit a high degree of idiosyncrasy, identification of commonalities across multiple communities can help to unveil ecological assembly rules in real-world ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Gross
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR Ecosystème Prairial, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | - Pierre Liancourt
- Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Science, Průhonice, Czech Republic.,Plant Ecology Group, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Hugo Saiz
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Cyrille Violle
- CEFE, Univ Montpellier - CNRS - EPHE - IRD - Univ Paul Valéry Montpellier, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
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Li X, Zuo X, Yue P, Zhao X, Hu Y, Guo X, Guo A, Xu C, Yu Q. Drought of early time in growing season decreases community aboveground biomass, but increases belowground biomass in a desert steppe. BMC Ecol Evol 2021; 21:106. [PMID: 34074246 PMCID: PMC8170925 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-021-01842-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing drought induced by global climate changes is altering the structure and function of grassland ecosystems. However, there is a lack of understanding of how drought affects the trade-off of above- and belowground biomass in desert steppe. We conducted a four-year (2015-2018) drought experiment to examine the responses of community above-and belowground biomass (AGB and BGB) to manipulated drought and natural drought in the early period of growing season (from March to June) in a desert steppe. We compared the associations of drought with species diversity (species richness and density), community-weighted means (CWM) of five traits, and soil factors (soil Water, soil carbon content, and soil nitrogen content) for grass communities. Meanwhile, we used the structural equation modeling (SEM) to elucidate whether drought affects AGB and BGB by altering species diversity, functional traits, or soil factors. RESULTS We found that manipulated drought affected soil water content, but not on soil carbon and nitrogen content. Experimental drought reduced the species richness, and species modified the CWM of traits to cope with a natural drought of an early time in the growing season. We also found that the experimental and natural drought decreased AGB, while natural drought increased BGB. AGB was positively correlated with species richness, density, CWM of plant height, and soil water. BGB was negatively correlated with CWM of plant height, CWM of leaf dry matter content, and soil nitrogen content, while was positively correlated with CWM of specific leaf area, CWM of leaf nitrogen content, soil water, and soil carbon content. The SEM results indicated that the experimental and natural drought indirectly decreased AGB by reducing species richness and plant height, while natural drought and soil nitrogen content directly affected BGB. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that species richness and functional traits can modulate the effects of drought on AGB, however natural drought and soil nitrogen determine BGB. Our findings demonstrate that the long-term observation and experiment are necessary to understand the underlying mechanism of the allocation and trade-off of community above-and belowground biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyun Li
- Urat Desert-Grassland Research Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Science, Lanzhou, 730000 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Region, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000 China
| | - Xiaoan Zuo
- Urat Desert-Grassland Research Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Science, Lanzhou, 730000 China
- Naiman Desertification Research Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Science, Lanzhou, 730000 China
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Region, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000 China
| | - Ping Yue
- Urat Desert-Grassland Research Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Science, Lanzhou, 730000 China
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Region, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000 China
| | - Xueyong Zhao
- Urat Desert-Grassland Research Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Science, Lanzhou, 730000 China
- Naiman Desertification Research Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Science, Lanzhou, 730000 China
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Region, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000 China
| | - Ya Hu
- Urat Desert-Grassland Research Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Science, Lanzhou, 730000 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Region, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000 China
| | - Xinxin Guo
- Urat Desert-Grassland Research Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Science, Lanzhou, 730000 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Region, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000 China
| | - Aixia Guo
- Urat Desert-Grassland Research Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Science, Lanzhou, 730000 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Region, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000 China
| | - Chong Xu
- National Hulunber Grassland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 10008 China
| | - Qiang Yu
- National Hulunber Grassland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 10008 China
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Wang J, Wang Y, Li M, Xu L, He N, Yan P, Chen C, Lu Q, Feng Y, Li J. Differential response of abundant and rare bacterial subcommunities to abiotic and biotic gradients across temperate deserts. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 763:142942. [PMID: 33498119 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The biogeography of soil bacterial communities has been well documented, yet the associated difference in spatial distribution and drivers between abundant and rare bacteria still remains unclear. Here, we compared the species richness, composition, and their drivers of rare and abundant bacteria along a 2500-km regional transect in Chinese deserts. Our results demonstrated that abundant and rare bacterial diversities were determined by plant community together with climatic, soil and spatial factors, but the shifts in bacterial richness and composition caused by abiotic and biotic variations varied between abundant and rare subcommunities. Rare bacterial richness significantly decreased with increasing temperature, drought and nutrient limitation, while abundant bacterial richness showed an increasing trend. Plant richness was negatively associated with abundant bacterial richness, but positively related to rare bacterial richness. Abiotic and biotic differences caused greater variations in rare species composition than that in abundant species composition. Furthermore, our results also confirmed that the spatial patterns of abundant and rare bacterial distribution differed remarkably. Our findings collectively suggest that similar abiotic and biotic drivers but distinct influences lead to distinct spatial distribution patterns of abundant and rare bacteria in harsh deserts. Therefore, taking more ecological traits such as stress tolerance and abundance into account will strengthen our understanding of soil bacterial assembly mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianming Wang
- School of Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yin Wang
- School of Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Mingxu Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Li Xu
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Nianpeng He
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Pu Yan
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10049, China
| | - Chen Chen
- School of Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Lu
- Institute of Desertification Studies, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Yiming Feng
- Institute of Desertification Studies, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Jingwen Li
- School of Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.
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41
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Le Bagousse-Pinguet Y, Gross N, Saiz H, Maestre FT, Ruiz S, Dacal M, Asensio S, Ochoa V, Gozalo B, Cornelissen JHC, Deschamps L, García C, Maire V, Milla R, Salinas N, Wang J, Singh BK, García-Palacios P. Functional rarity and evenness are key facets of biodiversity to boost multifunctionality. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2019355118. [PMID: 33568533 PMCID: PMC7896339 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2019355118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The functional traits of organisms within multispecies assemblages regulate biodiversity effects on ecosystem functioning. Yet how traits should assemble to boost multiple ecosystem functions simultaneously (multifunctionality) remains poorly explored. In a multibiome litter experiment covering most of the global variation in leaf trait spectra, we showed that three dimensions of functional diversity (dispersion, rarity, and evenness) explained up to 66% of variations in multifunctionality, although the dominant species and their traits remained an important predictor. While high dispersion impeded multifunctionality, increasing the evenness among functionally dissimilar species was a key dimension to promote higher multifunctionality and to reduce the abundance of plant pathogens. Because too-dissimilar species could have negative effects on ecosystems, our results highlight the need for not only diverse but also functionally even assemblages to promote multifunctionality. The effect of functionally rare species strongly shifted from positive to negative depending on their trait differences with the dominant species. Simultaneously managing the dispersion, evenness, and rarity in multispecies assemblages could be used to design assemblages aimed at maximizing multifunctionality independently of the biome, the identity of dominant species, or the range of trait values considered. Functional evenness and rarity offer promise to improve the management of terrestrial ecosystems and to limit plant disease risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoann Le Bagousse-Pinguet
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Avignon Université, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Institut Méditerranéen de la Biodiversité et d'Ecologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Technopôle Arbois-Méditerranée Bât. Villemin - BP 80, F-13545 Aix-en-Provence cedex 04, France;
- Departamento de Biología y Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica y Analítica, Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 Móstoles, Spain
| | - Nicolas Gross
- Departamento de Biología y Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica y Analítica, Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 Móstoles, Spain
- Université Clermont-Auvergne, Institut national de recherche pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (INRAE), VetAgro Sup, UMR Ecosystème Prairial, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Hugo Saiz
- Departamento de Biología y Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica y Analítica, Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 Móstoles, Spain
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, 3013 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Fernando T Maestre
- Departamento de Ecología, Universidad de Alicante, Carretera de San Vicente del Raspeig s/n, 03690 San Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante, Spain
- Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio "Ramón Margalef", Universidad de Alicante, Carretera de San Vicente del Raspeig s/n, 03690 San Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante, Spain
| | - Sonia Ruiz
- Departamento de Biología y Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica y Analítica, Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 Móstoles, Spain
| | - Marina Dacal
- Departamento de Biología y Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica y Analítica, Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 Móstoles, Spain
- Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio "Ramón Margalef", Universidad de Alicante, Carretera de San Vicente del Raspeig s/n, 03690 San Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante, Spain
| | - Sergio Asensio
- Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio "Ramón Margalef", Universidad de Alicante, Carretera de San Vicente del Raspeig s/n, 03690 San Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante, Spain
| | - Victoria Ochoa
- Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio "Ramón Margalef", Universidad de Alicante, Carretera de San Vicente del Raspeig s/n, 03690 San Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante, Spain
| | - Beatriz Gozalo
- Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio "Ramón Margalef", Universidad de Alicante, Carretera de San Vicente del Raspeig s/n, 03690 San Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante, Spain
| | - Johannes H C Cornelissen
- Systems Ecology, Department of Ecological Science, Vrije Universiteit, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lucas Deschamps
- Département des sciences de l'environnement, Université du Quebec à Trois-Rivières, 3351, boul. des Forges, Trois-Rivières, QC G8Z 4M3, Canada
| | - Carlos García
- Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Vincent Maire
- Département des sciences de l'environnement, Université du Quebec à Trois-Rivières, 3351, boul. des Forges, Trois-Rivières, QC G8Z 4M3, Canada
| | - Rubén Milla
- Departamento de Biología y Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica y Analítica, Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 Móstoles, Spain
| | - Norma Salinas
- Institute for the Sciences of Nature, Earth, and Energy (INTE-PUCP), Pontifical Catholic University of Peru, Lima 15088, Peru
| | - Juntao Wang
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
- Global Centre for Land-Based Innovation, Western Sydney University, Penrith South DC, NSW 2751, Australia
| | - Brajesh K Singh
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
- Global Centre for Land-Based Innovation, Western Sydney University, Penrith South DC, NSW 2751, Australia
| | - Pablo García-Palacios
- Departamento de Biología y Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica y Analítica, Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 Móstoles, Spain;
- Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28006 Madrid, Spain
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Wu H, Hao B, Cai Y, Liu G, Xing W. Effects of submerged vegetation on sediment nitrogen-cycling bacterial communities in Honghu Lake (China). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 755:142541. [PMID: 33039889 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Sediment nitrogen (N) cycling is an important biological removal process for N permanently and driven by N-cycling microbial community. There is a growing interest in interactions between submerged vegetation (SV) and sediment N-cycling bacterial community, because of the close link between rooted aquatic plants and the sediment microbes. However, the effects of SV on the sediment N-cycling bacterial community are still controversial. Furthermore, the discrimination of direct and indirect effects of SV on the N-cycling bacterial community remains unclear. Here, we investigated the biomass and species richness of SV and determined the corresponding environment factors (water quality and sediment properties) in Honghu Lake (China). We also used functional genes as markers to unveil the bacterial diversity and community composition and abundance in lake sediments. Our results showed that biomass and species richness of SV affected the composition, diversity and abundance of sediment N-cycling bacterial communities through improving lake water quality and sediment properties. With the increasing richness and abundance of SV, the diversity of most N-cycling bacterial assemblages including nitrifying, denitrifying and DNRA bacteria decreased, while the abundance increased. However, the anammox bacterial assemblage in sediments showed inverse trends. Sediment carbon vs. nitrogen (C:N) ratio negatively affected the abundance of amoA and nirS + nirK + nosZ bacterial assemblages. Additionally, due to the presence of SV, positive interactions among N-cycling bacterial assemblages were found, such as amoA and nrfA bacterial assemblages. Overall, our findings confirmed the significant effects of SV on the N-cycling bacterial community structure and abundance. Moreover, the direct effects of SV on the N-cycling bacterial community and the indirect effects through altering the sediment C were clarified in our study. Our results casted a new light on the negative effects of high C:N ratio. From the study, we made a conclusion that the better SV develops, the greater nitrogen removal occurs in lake sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoping Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Quality Improvement and Ecological Restoration for Watersheds, Institute of Environmental and Ecological Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China
| | - Beibei Hao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Quality Improvement and Ecological Restoration for Watersheds, Institute of Environmental and Ecological Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China
| | - Yanpeng Cai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Quality Improvement and Ecological Restoration for Watersheds, Institute of Environmental and Ecological Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China
| | - Guihua Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Wei Xing
- CAS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China.
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Wang X, Michalet R, Meng L, Zhou X, Chen S, Du G, Xiao S. Direct and indirect facilitation affect community productivity through changes in functional diversity in an alpine system. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2021; 127:241-249. [PMID: 32940643 PMCID: PMC7789107 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcaa170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Facilitation is an important ecological process for plant community structure and functional composition. Although direct facilitation has accrued most of the evidence so far, indirect facilitation is ubiquitous in nature and it has an enormous potential to explain community structuring. In this study, we assess the effect of direct and indirect facilitation on community productivity via taxonomic and functional diversity. METHODS In an alpine community on the Tibetan Plateau, we manipulated the presence of the shrub Dasiphora fruticosa and graminoids in a fenced meadow and a grazed meadow to quantify the effects of direct and indirect facilitation. We measured four plant traits: height, lateral spread, specific leaf area (SLA) and leaf dry matter content (LDMC) of forbs; calculated two metrics of functional diversity [range of trait and community-weighted mean (CWM) of trait]; and assessed the responses of functional diversity to shrub facilitation. We used structural equation modelling to explore how shrubs directly and indirectly drove community productivity via taxonomic diversity and functional diversity. KEY RESULTS We found stronger effects from herbivore-mediated indirect facilitation than direct facilitation on productivity and taxonomic diversity, regardless of the presence of graminoids. For functional diversity, the range and CWM of height and SLA, rather than lateral spread and LDMC, generally increased due to direct and indirect facilitation. Moreover, we found that the range of traits played a primary role over taxonomic diversity and CWM of traits in terms of shrub effects on community productivity. CONCLUSIONS Our study reveals that the mechanism of shrub direct and indirect facilitation of community productivity in this alpine community is expanding the realized niche (i.e. expanding range of traits). Our findings indicate that facilitators might increase trait dispersion in the local community, which could alleviate the effect of environmental filters on trait values in harsh environments, thereby contributing to ecosystem functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangtai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland and Agro-ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | | | - Lihua Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland and Agro-ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xianhui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland and Agro-ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Shuyan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland and Agro-ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Guozhen Du
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland and Agro-ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Sa Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland and Agro-ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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Umaña MN, Arellano G, Swenson NG, Zambrano J. Tree seedling trait optimization and growth in response to local-scale soil and light variability. Ecology 2021; 102:e03252. [PMID: 33219522 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
At local scales, it has been suggested that high levels of resources lead to increased tree growth via trait optimization (highly peaked trait distribution). However, this contrasts with (1) theories that suggest that trait optimization and high growth occur in the most common resource level and (2) empirical evidence showing that high trait optimization can be also found at low resource levels. This raises the question of how are traits and growth optimized in highly diverse plant communities. Here, we propose a series of hypotheses about how traits and growth are expected to be maximized under different resource levels (low, the most common, and high) in tree seedling communities from a subtropical forest in Puerto Rico, USA. We studied the variation in the distribution of biomass allocation and leaf traits and seedlings growth rate along four resource gradients: light availability (canopy openness) and soil K, Mg, and N content. Our analyses consisted of comparing trait kurtosis (a measurement of trait optimization), community trait means, and relative growth rates at three resource levels (low, common, and high). Trait optimization varied across the three resource levels depending on the type of resource and trait, with leaf traits being optimized under high N and in the most common K and Mg conditions, but not at any of the light levels. Also, seedling growth increased at high-light conditions and high N and K but was not related to trait kurtosis. Our results indicate that local-scale variability of soil fertility and understory light conditions result in shifts in species ecological strategies that increase growth despite a weak trait optimization, suggesting the existence of alternative phenotypes that achieve similar high performance. Uncovering the links between abiotic factors, functional trait diversity and performance is necessary to better predict tree responses to future changes in abiotic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Natalia Umaña
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109, USA
| | - Gabriel Arellano
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109, USA
| | - Nathan G Swenson
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, 20742, USA
| | - Jenny Zambrano
- The School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, 99164, USA
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Vegetation structure determines the spatial variability of soil biodiversity across biomes. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21500. [PMID: 33299083 PMCID: PMC7725809 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78483-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The factors controlling the spatial variability of soil biodiversity remain largely undetermined. We conducted a global field survey to evaluate how and why the within-site spatial variability of soil biodiversity (i.e. richness and community composition) changes across global biomes with contrasting soil ages, climates and vegetation types. We found that the spatial variability of bacteria, fungi, protists, and invertebrates is positively correlated across ecosystems. We also show that the spatial variability of soil biodiversity is mainly controlled by changes in vegetation structure driven by soil age and aridity. Areas with high plant cover, but low spatial heterogeneity, were associated with low levels of spatial variability in soil biodiversity. Further, our work advances the existence of significant, undescribed links between the spatial variability of soil biodiversity and key ecosystem functions. Taken together, our findings indicate that reductions in plant cover (e.g., via desertification, increases in aridity, or deforestation), are likely to increase the spatial variability of multiple soil organisms and that such changes are likely to negatively impact ecosystem functioning across global biomes.
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Várbíró G, Borics G, Novais MH, Morais MM, Rimet F, Bouchez A, Tapolczai K, Bácsi I, Usseglio-Polatera P, B-Béres V. Environmental filtering and limiting similarity as main forces driving diatom community structure in Mediterranean and continental temporary and perennial streams. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 741:140459. [PMID: 32887020 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Climatic extreme events such as droughts (unpredictable), dry periods (predictable) or even flush floods, threaten freshwater ecosystems worldwide. The filtering mechanisms of these events and their strength on communities, however, can be different among regions. While time-for-adaptation theory defines whether or not water scarcity can be considered as disturbance, the stress-dominance theory predicts an increase in importance of environmental filtering and a decrease in the role of biotic interactions in communities with increasing environmental stress. Here, we tested whether environmental filtering (leading to trait convergence) or limiting similarity (leading to trait divergence) is the main assembly rule shaping the structure and trait composition of benthic diatom assemblages in Mediterranean (Portuguese) and continental (Hungarian) temporary and perennial streams. We assumed that the trait composition of diatom assemblages in the two stream types would be less different in the Mediterranean than in the continental region (addressed to time-for-adaptation theory). We also hypothesized that trait composition would be shaped by environmental filtering in the Hungarian streams while by biotic interactions in Portuguese streams (addressed to stress-dominance theory). Our results supported our first hypothesis since traits, which associated primarily to temporary streams were found only in the continental region. Our findings, however, only partially proved the stress-dominance hypothesis. In the continental region, where drying up of streams were induced by unpredictable droughts, biotic interactions were the main assembly rules shaping community structure. In contrast, environmental filtering was nearly as important as limiting similarity in structuring trait composition in the Mediterranean region during the predictable dry phase with no superficial flow. These analyses also highlighted that drought events (both predictable and unpredictable ones) have a complex and strong influence on benthic diatom assemblages resulting even in irreversible changes in trait composition and thereby in ecosystem functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Várbíró
- MTA Centre for Ecological Research, Danube Research Institute, Department of Tisza Research, 18/c. Bem square, 4026 Debrecen, Hungary; MTA Centre for Ecological Research, GINOP Sustainable Ecosystems Group, 3. Klebelsberg Kuno str., H-8237 Tihany, Hungary.
| | - Gábor Borics
- MTA Centre for Ecological Research, Danube Research Institute, Department of Tisza Research, 18/c. Bem square, 4026 Debrecen, Hungary; MTA Centre for Ecological Research, GINOP Sustainable Ecosystems Group, 3. Klebelsberg Kuno str., H-8237 Tihany, Hungary.
| | - Maria Helena Novais
- Renewable Energies Chair, University of Évora, Casa Cordovil, Rua D. Augusto Eduardo Nunes n 7, Évora, 7000-651, Portugal; Institute of Earth Sciences - ICT, University of Évora, Rua Romão Ramalho no. 59, 7000-671 Évora, Portugal.
| | - Maria Manuela Morais
- Institute of Earth Sciences - ICT, University of Évora, Rua Romão Ramalho no. 59, 7000-671 Évora, Portugal; Water Laboratory, Rua da Barba Rala, n.° 1, Parque Industrial e Tecnológico de Évora, 7005-345, Évora, Portugal.
| | - Frédéric Rimet
- UMR CARRTEL, INRAE, Université de Savoie Mont-Blanc, Thonon-les-Bains, France.
| | - Agnès Bouchez
- UMR CARRTEL, INRAE, Université de Savoie Mont-Blanc, Thonon-les-Bains, France.
| | - Kálmán Tapolczai
- Department of Limnology, University of Pannonia, H-8200 Veszprém, Egyetem u. 10, Hungary; Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Premium Postdoctoral Research Program, H-1051 Budapest, Nádor u. 7, Hungary.
| | - István Bácsi
- University of Debrecen, Department of Hydrobiology, P.O. Box 57, H-4010 Debrecen, Hungary.
| | | | - Viktória B-Béres
- MTA Centre for Ecological Research, Danube Research Institute, Department of Tisza Research, 18/c. Bem square, 4026 Debrecen, Hungary; MTA Centre for Ecological Research, GINOP Sustainable Ecosystems Group, 3. Klebelsberg Kuno str., H-8237 Tihany, Hungary.
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47
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Gianasi FM, Souza CR, Fagundes NCA, Maia VA, Morel JD, Ferreira Santos P, Santos RM. Environmental filtering both indirectly and directly drives the Dry Tropical Forest species composition and functional composition. Ecol Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/1440-1703.12178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Moreira Gianasi
- Department of Biology, Graduate Program in Applied Botany Federal University of Lavras Lavras Brazil
| | | | - Nathalle Cristine Alencar Fagundes
- Department of Biology, Graduate Program in Applied Botany Federal University of Lavras Lavras Brazil
- State University of Minas Gerais Campus Ituiutaba Ituiutaba Brazil
| | | | | | - Paola Ferreira Santos
- Department of Biology, Graduate Program in Applied Botany Federal University of Lavras Lavras Brazil
| | - Rubens Manoel Santos
- Department of Biology, Graduate Program in Applied Botany Federal University of Lavras Lavras Brazil
- Department of Forestry Federal University of Lavras Lavras Brazil
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48
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Saenz-Pedroza I, Feldman R, Reyes-García C, Meave JA, Calvo-Irabien LM, May-Pat F, Dupuy JM. Seasonal and successional dynamics of size-dependent plant demographic rates in a tropical dry forest. PeerJ 2020; 8:e9636. [PMID: 32983631 PMCID: PMC7497611 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Tropical forests are globally important for biodiversity conservation and climate change mitigation but are being converted to other land uses. Conversion of seasonally dry tropical forests (SDTF) is particularly high while their protection is low. Secondary succession allows forests to recover their structure, diversity and composition after conversion and subsequent abandonment and is influenced by demographic rates of the constituent species. However, how these rates vary between seasons for different plant sizes at different successional stages in SDTF is not known. The effect of seasonal drought may be more severe early in succession, when temperature and radiation are high, while competition and density-dependent processes may be more important at later stages, when vegetation is tall and dense. Besides, the effects of seasonality and successional stage may vary with plant size. Large plants can better compete with small plants for limiting resources and may also have a greater capacity to withstand stress. We asked how size-dependent density, species density, recruitment and mortality varied between seasons and successional stages in a SDTF. We monitored a chronosequence in Yucatan, Mexico, over six years in three 0.1 ha plots in each of three successional stages: early (3–5 years-old), intermediate (18–20 years-old) and advanced (>50 years-old). Recruitment, mortality and species gain and loss rates were calculated from wet and dry season censuses separately for large (diameter > 5 cm) and small (1–5 cm in diameter) plants. We used linear mixed-effects models to assess the effects of successional stage, seasonality and their changes through time on demographic rates and on plant and species density. Seasonality affected demographic rates and density of large plants, which exhibited high wet-season recruitment and species gain rates at the early stage and high wet-season mortality at the intermediate stage, resulting in an increase in plant and species density early in succession followed by a subsequent stabilization. Small plant density decreased steadily after only 5 years of land abandonment, whereas species density increased with successional stage. A decline in species dominance may be responsible for these contrasting patterns. Seasonality, successional stage and their changes through time had a stronger influence on large plants, likely because of large among-plot variation of small plants. Notwithstanding the short duration of our study, our results suggest that climate-change driven decreases in rainy season precipitation may have an influence on successional dynamics in our study forest as strong as, or even stronger than, prolonged or severe droughts during the dry season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irving Saenz-Pedroza
- Unidad de Recursos Naturales, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, México
| | - Richard Feldman
- Unidad de Recursos Naturales, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, México
| | - Casandra Reyes-García
- Unidad de Recursos Naturales, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, México
| | - Jorge A Meave
- Departamento de Ecología y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Luz Maria Calvo-Irabien
- Unidad de Recursos Naturales, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, México
| | - Filogonio May-Pat
- Unidad de Recursos Naturales, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, México
| | - Juan M Dupuy
- Unidad de Recursos Naturales, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, México
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49
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Sun J, Wen Z, Feijó A, Cheng J, Wang Y, Li S, Ge D, Xia L, Yang Q. Elevation patterns and critical environmental drivers of the taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity of small mammals in a karst mountain area. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:10899-10911. [PMID: 33072304 PMCID: PMC7548175 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding how biodiversity components are related under different environmental factors is a fundamental challenge for ecology studies, yet there is little knowledge of this interplay among the biotas, especially small mammals, in karst mountain areas. Here, we examine the elevation patterns of the taxonomic diversity (TD), phylogenetic diversity (PD), and functional diversity (FD) of small mammals in a karst mountain area, the Wuling Mountains, Southwest China, and compare these patterns between taxa (Rodentia and Eulipotyphla) and scales (broad‐ and narrow‐range species). We also disentangle the impacts of the human influence index, net primary productivity (NPP), normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), annual precipitation (AP), and annual mean temperature (AMT) on these three facets of biodiversity by using structural equation modeling. We recorded a total of 39 small mammal species, including 26 rodents and 13 species of the order Eulipotyphla. Our study shows that the facets of biodiversity are spatially incongruent. Net primary productivity has a positive effect on the three facets for most groups, while the effect of the NDVI is negative for TD and PD in most groups. AMT temperature and AP have negative effects on FD and PD, whereas TD is dependent on the species range scale. The human influence index effect on TD and PD also depends on the species range scale. These findings provide robust evidence that the ecological drivers of biodiversity differ among different biotas and different range scales, and future research should use multifacet approach to determine biodiversity conservation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Sun
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Zhixin Wen
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Anderson Feijó
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Jilong Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Yanqun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Song Li
- Kunming Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming China
| | - Deyan Ge
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Lin Xia
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Qisen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
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50
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Liancourt P, Song X, Macek M, Santrucek J, Dolezal J. Plant's-eye view of temperature governs elevational distributions. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2020; 26:4094-4103. [PMID: 32320507 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Explaining species geographic distributions by macroclimate variables is the most common approach for getting mechanistic insights into large-scale diversity patterns and range shifts. However, species' traits influencing biophysical processes can produce a large decoupling from ambient air temperature, which can seriously undermine biogeographical inference. We combined stable oxygen isotope theory with a trait-based approach to assess leaf temperature during carbon assimilation (TL ) and its departure (ΔT) from daytime free air temperature during the growing season (Tgs ) for 158 plant species occurring from 3,400 to 6,150 m a.s.l. in Western Himalayas. We uncovered a general extent of temperature decoupling in the region. The interspecific variation in ΔT was best explained by the combination of plant height and δ13 C, and leaf dry matter content partly captured the variation in TL . The combination of TL and ΔT, with ΔT contributing most, explained the interspecific difference in elevational distributions. Stable oxygen isotope theory appears promising for investigating how plants perceive temperatures, a pivotal information to species biogeographic distributions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Liancourt
- Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Průhonice, Czech Republic
- Plant Ecology Group, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Xin Song
- College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Martin Macek
- Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Průhonice, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Santrucek
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Dolezal
- Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Průhonice, Czech Republic
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
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