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Schieren A, Koch S, Pecht T, Simon MC. Impact of Physiological Fluctuations of Sex Hormones During the Menstrual Cycle on Glucose Metabolism and the Gut Microbiota. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2024; 132:267-278. [PMID: 38382644 PMCID: PMC11093651 DOI: 10.1055/a-2273-5602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases. Previous studies have shown differences in glucose metabolism between males and females. Moreover, difficulties in medication adherence have been reported in females with type 2 diabetes. These observations are believed to be caused by fluctuations in sex hormone concentrations during the menstrual cycle. Furthermore, gut microbiota is linked to female host metabolism and sex hormone production. Understanding the interactions between fluctuating hormone concentrations during the menstrual cycle, gut microbiota, and glucose metabolism in humans is significant because of the increasing prevalence of diabetes and the consequent need to expand preventive efforts. A literature search was performed to determine and summarize the existing evidence, deduce future research needs to maintain female health, and investigate the relationship between the physiological menstrual cycle and glucose metabolism. Studies from 1967 to 2020 have already examined the relationship between variations during the menstrual cycle and glucose metabolism in healthy female subjects using an oral-glucose tolerance test or intravenous glucose tolerance test. However, the overall number of studies is rather small and the results are contradictory, as some studies detected differences in glucose concentrations depending on the different cycle phases, whereas others did not. Some studies reported lower glucose levels in the follicular phase than in the luteal phase, whereas another study detected the opposite. Data on gut microbiota in relation to the menstrual cycle are limited. Conflicting results exist when examining the effect of hormonal contraceptives on the gut microbiota and changes in the course of the menstrual cycle. The results indicate that the menstrual cycle, especially fluctuating sex hormones, might impact the gut microbiota composition.The menstrual cycle may affect the gut microbiota composition and glucose metabolism. These results indicate that glucose tolerance may be the greatest in the follicular phase; however, further well-conducted studies are needed to support this assumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Schieren
- University of Bonn, Institute of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Nutrition
and Microbiota, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sandra Koch
- University of Bonn, Institute of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Nutrition
and Microbiota, Bonn, Germany
| | - Tal Pecht
- University of Bonn, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute,
Department for Genomics and Immunoregulation, Bonn, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Systems Medicine,
Bonn, Germany
| | - Marie-Christine Simon
- University of Bonn, Institute of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Nutrition
and Microbiota, Bonn, Germany
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2
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Geng X, Liu Y, Xu W, Li G, Xue B, Feng Y, Tang S, Wei W, Yuan H. Eukaryotes may play an important ecological role in the gut microbiome of Graves' disease. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1334158. [PMID: 38455050 PMCID: PMC10917987 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1334158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of autoimmune diseases worldwide has risen rapidly over the past few decades. Increasing evidence has linked gut dysbiosis to the onset of various autoimmune diseases. Thanks to the significant advancements in high-throughput sequencing technology, the number of gut microbiome studies has increased. However, they have primarily focused on bacteria, so our understanding of the role and significance of eukaryotic microbes in the human gut microbial ecosystem remains quite limited. Here, we selected Graves' disease (GD) as an autoimmune disease model and investigated the gut multi-kingdom (bacteria, fungi, and protists) microbial communities from the health control, diseased, and medication-treated recovered patients. The results showed that physiological changes in GD increased homogenizing dispersal processes for bacterial community assembly and increased homogeneous selection processes for eukaryotic community assembly. The recovered patients vs. healthy controls had similar bacterial and protistan, but not fungal, community assembly processes. Additionally, eukaryotes (fungi and protists) may play a more significant role in gut ecosystem functions than bacteria. Overall, this study gives brief insights into the potential contributions of eukaryotes to gut and immune homeostasis in humans and their potential influence in relation to therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiwen Geng
- Department of the Clinical Research Center, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yalei Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wenbo Xu
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Gefei Li
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Department of Blood Transfusion of Central China Fuwai Hospital, Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Binghua Xue
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yu Feng
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Shasha Tang
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Huijuan Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Wang Y, Sharma A, Weber KM, Topper E, Appleton AA, Gustafson D, Clish CB, Kaplan RC, Burk RD, Qi Q, Peters BA. The menopause-related gut microbiome: associations with metabolomics, inflammatory protein markers, and cardiometabolic health in women with HIV. Menopause 2024; 31:52-64. [PMID: 38086007 PMCID: PMC10841550 DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000002287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to identify menopause-related gut microbial features, as well as their related metabolites and inflammatory protein markers, and link with cardiometabolic risk factors in women with and without HIV. METHODS In the Women's Interagency HIV Study, we performed shotgun metagenomic sequencing on 696 stool samples from 446 participants (67% women with HIV), and quantified plasma metabolomics and serum proteomics in a subset (~86%). We examined the associations of menopause (postmenopausal vs premenopausal) with gut microbial features in a cross-sectional repeated-measures design and further evaluated those features in relation to metabolites, proteins, and cardiometabolic risk factors. RESULTS Different overall gut microbial composition was observed by menopausal status in women with HIV only. We identified a range of gut microbial features that differed between postmenopausal and premenopausal women with HIV (but none in women without HIV), including abundance of 32 species and functional potentials involving 24 enzymatic reactions and lower β-glucuronidase bacterial gene ortholog. Specifically, highly abundant species Faecalibacterium prausnitzii , Bacteroides species CAG:98 , and Bifidobacterium adolescentis were depleted in postmenopausal versus premenopausal women with HIV. Menopause-depleted species (mainly Clostridia ) in women with HIV were positively associated with several glycerophospholipids, while negatively associated with imidazolepropionic acid and fibroblast growth factor 21. Mediation analysis suggested that menopause may decrease plasma phosphatidylcholine plasmalogen C36:1 and C36:2 levels via reducing abundance of species F. prausnitzii and Acetanaerobacterium elongatum in women with HIV. Furthermore, waist-to-hip ratio was associated with menopause-related microbes, metabolites, and fibroblast growth factor 21 in women with HIV. CONCLUSIONS Menopause was associated with a differential gut microbiome in women with HIV, related to metabolite and protein profiles that potentially contribute to elevated cardiometabolic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Anjali Sharma
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | | | - Elizabeth Topper
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Allison A. Appleton
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University at Albany School of Public Health, Rensselaer, NY, USA
| | - Deborah Gustafson
- Department of Neurology, State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | | | - Robert C. Kaplan
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Robert D. Burk
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Women’s Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Qibin Qi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Brandilyn A. Peters
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
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4
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Grosicki GJ, Langan SP, Bagley JR, Galpin AJ, Garner D, Hampton‐Marcell JT, Allen JM, Robinson AT. Gut check: Unveiling the influence of acute exercise on the gut microbiota. Exp Physiol 2023; 108:1466-1480. [PMID: 37702557 PMCID: PMC10988526 DOI: 10.1113/ep091446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
The human gastrointestinal microbiota and its unique metabolites regulate a diverse array of physiological processes with substantial implications for human health and performance. Chronic exercise training positively modulates the gut microbiota and its metabolic output. The benefits of chronic exercise for the gut microbiota may be influenced by acute changes in microbial community structure and function that follow a single exercise bout (i.e., acute exercise). Thus, an improved understanding of changes in the gut microbiota that occur with acute exercise could aid in the development of evidence-based exercise training strategies to target the gut microbiota more effectively. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary of the existing literature on the acute and very short-term (<3 weeks) exercise responses of the gut microbiota and faecal metabolites in humans. We conclude by highlighting gaps in the literature and providing recommendations for future research in this area. NEW FINDINGS: What is the topic of this review? The chronic benefits of exercise for the gut microbiota are likely influenced by acute changes in microbial community structure and function that follow a single exercise bout. This review provides a summary of the existing literature on acute exercise responses of the gut microbiota and its metabolic output in humans. What advances does it highlight? Acute aerobic exercise appears to have limited effects on diversity of the gut microbiota, variable effects on specific microbial taxa, and numerous effects on the metabolic activity of gut microbes with possible implications for host health and performance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sean P. Langan
- Korey Stringer Institute, Department of KinesiologyUniversity of ConnecticutStorrsCTUSA
| | - James R. Bagley
- Muscle Physiology LaboratorySan Francisco State UniversitySan FranciscoCAUSA
| | - Andrew J. Galpin
- Center for Sport PerformanceCalifornia State University, FullertonFullertonCAUSA
| | - Dan Garner
- BioMolecular Athlete, LLCWilmingtonDEUSA
| | | | - Jacob M. Allen
- Department of Kinesiology and Community HealthUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIL
| | - Austin T. Robinson
- Neurovascular Physiology Laboratory, School of KinesiologyAuburn UniversityAuburnALUSA
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Oliveira SD. Cardiopulmonary Pathogenic Networks: Unveiling the Gut-Lung Microbiome Axis in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2023; 207:655-657. [PMID: 36476165 PMCID: PMC10037478 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202211-2126ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Suellen Darc Oliveira
- Department of Anesthesiology and Department of Physiology and Biophysics College of Medicine at the University of Illinois at Chicago Chicago, Illinois
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6
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Xiao L, Feng J, Zhang W, Pan J, Wang M, Zhang C, Li L, Su X, Yao P. Autism-like behavior of murine offspring induced by prenatal exposure to progestin is associated with gastrointestinal dysfunction due to claudin-1 suppression. FEBS J 2023. [PMID: 36855792 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are associated with the contribution of many prenatal risk factors; in particular, the sex hormone progestin and vitamin D receptor (VDR) are associated with gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms in ASD development, although the related mechanism remains unclear. We investigated the possible role and mechanism of progestin 17-hydroxyprogesterone caproate (17-OHPC) exposure-induced GI dysfunction and autism-like behaviours (ALB) in mouse offspring. An intestine-specific VDR-deficient mouse model was established for prenatal treatment, while transplantation of haematopoietic stem cells (HSCT) with related gene manipulation was used for postnatal treatment for 17-OHPC exposure-induced GI dysfunction and ALB in mouse offspring. The in vivo mouse experiments found that VDR deficiency mimics prenatal 17-OHPC exposure-mediated GI dysfunction, but has no effect on 17-OHPC-mediated autism-like behaviours (ALB) in mouse offspring. Furthermore, prenatal 17-OHPC exposure induces CLDN1 suppression in intestine epithelial cells, and transplantation of HSCT with CLDN1 expression ameliorates prenatal 17-OHPC exposure-mediated GI dysfunction, but has no effect on 17-OHPC-mediated ALB in offspring. In conclusion, prenatal 17-OHPC exposure triggers GI dysfunction in autism-like mouse offspring via CLDN1 suppression, providing a possible explanation for the involvement of CLDN1 and VDR in prenatal 17-OHPC exposure-mediated GI dysfunction with ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xiao
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Foshan Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, The Second School of Clinical Medicine of Southern Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Jianqing Feng
- Hainan Women and Children's Medical Center, Haikou, China
| | - Wanhua Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Foshan Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, The Second School of Clinical Medicine of Southern Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Jie Pan
- Hainan Women and Children's Medical Center, Haikou, China
| | - Min Wang
- Hainan Women and Children's Medical Center, Haikou, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Long Island University (Post), Brookville, NY, USA
| | - Ling Li
- Hainan Women and Children's Medical Center, Haikou, China
| | - Xi Su
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Foshan Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, The Second School of Clinical Medicine of Southern Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Paul Yao
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Foshan Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, The Second School of Clinical Medicine of Southern Medical University, Foshan, China.,Hainan Women and Children's Medical Center, Haikou, China
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7
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Sisk-Hackworth L, Kelley ST, Thackray VG. Sex, puberty, and the gut microbiome. Reproduction 2023; 165:R61-R74. [PMID: 36445259 PMCID: PMC9847487 DOI: 10.1530/rep-22-0303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In brief Sex differences in the gut microbiome may impact multiple aspects of human health and disease. In this study, we review the evidence for microbial sex differences in puberty and adulthood and discuss potential mechanisms driving differentiation of the sex-specific gut microbiome. Abstract In humans, the gut microbiome is strongly implicated in numerous sex-specific physiological processes and diseases. Given this, it is important to understand how sex differentiation of the gut microbiome occurs and how these differences contribute to host health and disease. While it is commonly believed that the gut microbiome stabilizes after 3 years of age, our review of the literature found considerable evidence that the gut microbiome continues to mature during and after puberty in a sex-dependent manner. We also review the intriguing, though sparse, literature on potential mechanisms by which host sex may influence the gut microbiome, and vice versa, via sex steroids, bile acids, and the immune system. We conclude that the evidence for the existence of a sex-specific gut microbiome is strong but that there is a dearth of research on how host-microbe interactions lead to this differentiation. Finally, we discuss the types of future studies needed to understand the processes driving the maturation of sex-specific microbial communities and the interplay between gut microbiota, host sex, and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Scott T. Kelley
- Department of Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California 92182
| | - Varykina G. Thackray
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
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8
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Corrie L, Awasthi A, Kaur J, Vishwas S, Gulati M, Kaur IP, Gupta G, Kommineni N, Dua K, Singh SK. Interplay of Gut Microbiota in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: Role of Gut Microbiota, Mechanistic Pathways and Potential Treatment Strategies. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:197. [PMID: 37259345 PMCID: PMC9967581 DOI: 10.3390/ph16020197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) comprises a set of symptoms that pose significant risk factors for various diseases, including type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. Effective and safe methods to treat all the pathological symptoms of PCOS are not available. The gut microbiota has been shown to play an essential role in PCOS incidence and progression. Many dietary plants, prebiotics, and probiotics have been reported to ameliorate PCOS. Gut microbiota shows its effects in PCOS via a number of mechanistic pathways including maintenance of homeostasis, regulation of lipid and blood glucose levels. The effect of gut microbiota on PCOS has been widely reported in animal models but there are only a few reports of human studies. Increasing the diversity of gut microbiota, and up-regulating PCOS ameliorating gut microbiota are some of the ways through which prebiotics, probiotics, and polyphenols work. We present a comprehensive review on polyphenols from natural origin, probiotics, and fecal microbiota therapy that may be used to treat PCOS by modifying the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leander Corrie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
| | - Ankit Awasthi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
| | - Jaskiran Kaur
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
| | - Sukriti Vishwas
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
| | - Monica Gulati
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
- ARCCIM, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Indu Pal Kaur
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Mahal Road, Jaipur 302017, India
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600007, India
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun 248007, India
| | | | - Kamal Dua
- ARCCIM, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
- ARCCIM, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
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9
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Wang L, Tang L, Zhai D, Song M, Li W, Xu S, Jiang S, Meng H, Liang J, Wang Y, Zhang B. The role of the sex hormone-gut microbiome axis in tumor immunotherapy. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2185035. [PMID: 36880651 PMCID: PMC10012946 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2185035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggested that both gut microbiome and sex play a critical role in the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade therapy. Considering the reciprocal relationship between sex hormones and gut microbiome, the sex hormone-gut microbiome axis may participate in the regulation of the response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). In this review, it was attempted to summarize the current knowledge about the influences of both sex and gut microbiome on the antitumor efficacy of ICIs and describe the interaction between sex hormones and gut microbiome. Accordingly, this review discussed the potential of enhancing the antitumor efficacy of ICIs through regulating the levels of sex hormones through manipulation of gut microbiome. Collectively, this review provided reliable evidence concerning the role of the sex hormone-gut microbiome axis in tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luoyang Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lei Tang
- Department of Special Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Dongchang Zhai
- Department of Special Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Meiying Song
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shuo Xu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Suli Jiang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Haining Meng
- School of Emergency Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jie Liang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yingying Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Bei Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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Kheloui S, Smith A, Ismail N. Combined oral contraceptives and mental health: Are adolescence and the gut-brain axis the missing links? Front Neuroendocrinol 2023; 68:101041. [PMID: 36244525 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2022.101041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Combined oral contraceptives (containing synthetic forms of estradiol and progestins) are one of the most commonly used drugs among females. However, their effects on the gut-brain axis have not been investigated to a great extent despite clear evidence that suggest bi-directional interactions between the gut microbiome and endogenous sex hormones. Moreover, oral contraceptives are prescribed during adolescence, a critical period of development during which several brain structures and systems, such as hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, undergo maturation. Considering that oral contraceptives could impact the developing adolescent brain and that these effects may be mediated by the gut-brain axis, further research investigating the effects of oral contraceptives on the gut-brain axis is imperative. This article briefly reviews evidence from animal and human studies on the effects of combined oral contraceptives on the brain and the gut microbiota particularly during adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Kheloui
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Andra Smith
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada; uOttawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Nafissa Ismail
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada; uOttawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada; LIFE Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
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11
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The Importance of the Microbiota in Shaping Women’s Health—The Current State of Knowledge. Appl Microbiol 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/applmicrobiol3010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
According to current knowledge, a properly colonized human microbiota contributes to the proper functioning of the body. The composition of the natural flora changes depending on age, health, living conditions, and the use of antimicrobial agents: antibiotics, disinfectants, and some cosmetics. The human body is diversely populated with microorganisms and undergoes constant changes under the influence of various factors, and its proper composition is extremely important for the proper functioning of the body. Given the above, it was decided that we would review current scientific research that explains the cause–effect relationship between the composition of microorganisms populating the human body and health, focusing on women’s health. As a result, an overview paper was prepared based on 109 scientific sources from 2009–2022. Special attention was paid to the most recent scientific studies of the last five years, which account for more than 75% of the cited sources.
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12
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Arnone AA, Cook KL. Gut and Breast Microbiota as Endocrine Regulators of Hormone Receptor-positive Breast Cancer Risk and Therapy Response. Endocrinology 2022; 164:6772818. [PMID: 36282876 PMCID: PMC9923803 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqac177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Despite advances in treatment strategies, breast cancer (BC) remains one of the most prevalent cancers worldwide. Recent studies implicate the gut microbiome as a potential risk factor for BC development. Alterations in gut microbial diversity resulting in dysbiosis have been linked to breast carcinogenesis by modulating host immune responses and inflammatory pathways, favoring tumorigenesis and progression. Moreover, gut microbiota populations are different between women with BC vs those that are cancer free, further implicating the role of the gut microbiome in cancer development. This alteration in gut microbiota is also associated with changes in estrogen metabolism, which strongly correlates with BC development. Gut microbiota that express the enzyme β-glucuronidase (GUS) may increase estrogen bioavailability by deconjugating estrogen-glucuronide moieties enabling reabsorption into circulation. Increased circulating estrogens may, in turn, drive estrogen receptor-positive BC. GUS-expressing microbiota also affect cancer therapy efficacy and toxicity by modifying glucuronide-conjugated drug metabolites. Therefore, GUS inhibitors have emerged as a potential antitumor treatment. However, the effectiveness of GUS inhibitors is still exploratory. Further studies are needed to determine how oral endocrine-targeting therapies may influence or be influenced by the microbiota and how that may affect carcinogenesis initiation and tumor recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alana A Arnone
- Department of Surgery, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, USA
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, USA
| | - Katherine L Cook
- Correspondence: Katherine L. Cook, PhD, Wake Forest School of Medicine, 575 N Patterson Ave, Ste 340, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
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13
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Peters BA, Santoro N, Kaplan RC, Qi Q. Spotlight on the Gut Microbiome in Menopause: Current Insights. Int J Womens Health 2022; 14:1059-1072. [PMID: 35983178 PMCID: PMC9379122 DOI: 10.2147/ijwh.s340491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome is an important contributor to human health, shaped by many endogenous and exogenous factors. The gut microbiome displays sexual dimorphism, suggesting influence of sex hormones, and also has been shown to change with aging. Yet, little is known regarding the influence of menopause - a pivotal event of reproductive aging in women - on the gut microbiome. Here, we summarize what is known regarding the interrelationships of female sex hormones and the gut microbiome, and review the available literature on menopause, female sex hormones, and the gut microbiome in humans. Taken together, research suggests that menopause is associated with lower gut microbiome diversity and a shift toward greater similarity to the male gut microbiome, however more research is needed in large study populations to identify replicable patterns in taxa impacted by menopause. Many gaps in knowledge remain, including the role the gut microbiome may play in menopause-related disease risks, and whether menopausal hormone therapy modifies menopause-related change in the gut microbiome. Given the modifiable nature of the gut microbiome, better understanding of its role in menopause-related health will be critical to identify novel opportunities for improvement of peri- and post-menopausal health and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandilyn A Peters
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Nanette Santoro
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Robert C Kaplan
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Qibin Qi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
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Menopause Is Associated with an Altered Gut Microbiome and Estrobolome, with Implications for Adverse Cardiometabolic Risk in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos. mSystems 2022; 7:e0027322. [PMID: 35675542 PMCID: PMC9239235 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00273-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Menopause is a pivotal period during which loss of ovarian hormones increases cardiometabolic risk and may also influence the gut microbiome. However, the menopause-microbiome relationship has not been examined in a large study, and its implications for cardiometabolic disease are unknown. In the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos, a population with high burden of cardiometabolic risk factors, shotgun metagenomic sequencing was performed on stool from 2,300 participants (295 premenopausal women, 1,027 postmenopausal women, and 978 men), and serum metabolomics was available on a subset. Postmenopausal women trended toward lower gut microbiome diversity and altered overall composition compared to premenopausal women, while differing less from men, in models adjusted for age and other demographic/behavioral covariates. Differentially abundant taxa for post- versus premenopausal women included Bacteroides sp. strain Ga6A1, Prevotella marshii, and Sutterella wadsworthensis (enriched in postmenopause) and Escherichia coli-Shigella spp., Oscillibacter sp. strain KLE1745, Akkermansia muciniphila, Clostridium lactatifermentans, Parabacteroides johnsonii, and Veillonella seminalis (depleted in postmenopause); these taxa similarly differed between men and women. Postmenopausal women had higher abundance of the microbial sulfate transport system and decreased abundance of microbial β-glucuronidase; these functions correlated with serum progestin metabolites, suggesting involvement of postmenopausal gut microbes in sex hormone retention. In postmenopausal women, menopause-related microbiome alterations were associated with adverse cardiometabolic profiles. In summary, in a large U.S. Hispanic/Latino population, menopause is associated with a gut microbiome more similar to that of men, perhaps related to the common condition of a low estrogen/progesterone state. Future work should examine similarity of results in other racial/ethnic groups. IMPORTANCE The menopausal transition, marked by declining ovarian hormones, is recognized as a pivotal period of cardiometabolic risk. Gut microbiota metabolically interact with sex hormones, but large population studies associating menopause with the gut microbiome are lacking. Our results from a large study of Hispanic/Latino women and men suggest that the postmenopausal gut microbiome in women is slightly more similar to the gut microbiome in men and that menopause depletes specific gut pathogens and decreases the hormone-related metabolic potential of the gut microbiome. At the same time, gut microbes may participate in sex hormone reactivation and retention in postmenopausal women. Menopause-related gut microbiome changes were associated with adverse cardiometabolic risk in postmenopausal women, indicating that the gut microbiome contributes to changes in cardiometabolic health during menopause.
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Seki D, Schauberger C, Hausmann B, Berger A, Wisgrill L, Berry D. Individuality of the Extremely Premature Infant Gut Microbiota Is Driven by Ecological Drift. mSystems 2022; 7:e0016322. [PMID: 35473303 PMCID: PMC9238403 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00163-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The initial contact between humans and their colonizing gut microbiota after birth is thought to have expansive and long-lasting consequences for physiology and health. Premature infants are at high risk of suffering from lifelong impairments, due in part to aberrant development of gut microbiota that can contribute to early-life infections and inflammation. Despite their importance to health, the ecological assembly and succession processes governing gut microbiome composition in premature infants remained incompletely understood. Here, we quantified these ecological processes in a spatiotemporally resolved 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing data set of 60 extremely premature neonates using an established mathematical framework. We found that gut colonization during the first months of life is predominantly stochastic, whereby interindividual diversification of microbiota is driven by ecological drift. Dispersal limitations are initially small but have increasing influence at later stages of succession. Furthermore, we find similar trends in a cohort of 32 healthy term-born infants. These results suggest that the uniqueness of individual gut microbiota of extremely premature infants is largely due to stochastic assembly. IMPORTANCE Our knowledge concerning the initial gut microbiome assembly in human neonates is limited, and scientific progression in this interdisciplinary field is hindered due to the individuality in composition of gut microbiota. Our study addresses the ecological processes that result in the observed individuality of microbes in the gastrointestinal tract between extremely premature and term-born infants. We find that initial assembly is mainly driven by neutral ecological processes. Interestingly, while this progression is predominantly random, limitations to the dispersal of microbiota between infants become increasingly important with age and are concomitant features of gut microbiome stability. This indicates that while we cannot predict gut microbiota assembly due to its random nature, we can expect the establishment of certain ecological features that are highly relevant for neonatal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Seki
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Neonatology, Pediatric Intensive Care and Neuropediatrics, Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Clemens Schauberger
- Hadal & Nordcee, Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Bela Hausmann
- Joint Microbiome Facility of the Medical University of Vienna and the University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Angelika Berger
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Neonatology, Pediatric Intensive Care and Neuropediatrics, Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lukas Wisgrill
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Neonatology, Pediatric Intensive Care and Neuropediatrics, Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - David Berry
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Joint Microbiome Facility of the Medical University of Vienna and the University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Rashed R, Valcheva R, Dieleman LA. Manipulation of Gut Microbiota as a Key Target for Crohn's Disease. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:887044. [PMID: 35783604 PMCID: PMC9244564 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.887044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Crohn's disease (CD) is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) sub-type characterized by transmural chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. Research indicates a complex CD etiology involving genetic predisposition and immune dysregulation in response to environmental triggers. The chronic mucosal inflammation has been associated with a dysregulated state, or dysbiosis, of the gut microbiome (bacteria), mycobiome (fungi), virome (bacteriophages and viruses), and archeaome (archaea) further affecting the interkingdom syntrophic relationships and host metabolism. Microbiota dysbiosis in CD is largely described by an increase in facultative anaerobic pathobionts at the expense of strict anaerobic Firmicutes, such as Faecalibacterium prausnitzii. In the mycobiome, reduced fungal diversity and fungal-bacteria interactions, along with a significantly increased abundance of Candida spp. and a decrease in Saccharomyces cerevisiae are well documented. Virome analysis also indicates a significant decrease in phage diversity, but an overall increase in phages infecting bacterial groups associated with intestinal inflammation. Finally, an increase in methanogenic archaea such as Methanosphaera stadtmanae exhibits high immunogenic potential and is associated with CD etiology. Common anti-inflammatory medications used in CD management (amino-salicylates, immunomodulators, and biologics) could also directly or indirectly affect the gut microbiome in CD. Other medications often used concomitantly in IBD, such as antibiotics, antidepressants, oral contraceptives, opioids, and proton pump inhibitors, have shown to alter the gut microbiota and account for increased susceptibility to disease onset or worsening of disease progression. In contrast, some environmental modifications through alternative therapies including fecal microbiota transplant (FMT), diet and dietary supplements with prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics have shown potential protective effects by reversing microbiota dysbiosis or by directly promoting beneficial microbes, together with minimal long-term adverse effects. In this review, we discuss the different approaches to modulating the global consortium of bacteria, fungi, viruses, and archaea in patients with CD through therapies that include antibiotics, probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, personalized diets, and FMT. We hope to provide evidence to encourage clinicians and researchers to incorporate these therapies into CD treatment options, along with making them aware of the limitations of these therapies, and indicate where more research is needed.
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17
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Oliveira SD. Insights on the Gut-Mesentery-Lung Axis in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: A Poorly Investigated Crossroad. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2022; 42:516-526. [PMID: 35296152 PMCID: PMC9050827 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.121.316236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a life-threatening disease characterized by the hyperproliferation of vascular cells, including smooth muscle and endothelial cells. Hyperproliferative cells eventually obstruct the lung vasculature, leading to irreversible lesions that collectively drive pulmonary pressure to life-threatening levels. Although the primary cause of PAH is not fully understood, several studies have indicated it results from chronic pulmonary inflammation, such as observed in response to pathogens' infection. Curiously, infection by the intravascular parasite Schistosoma mansoni recapitulates several aspects of the widespread pulmonary inflammation that leads to development of chronic PAH. Globally, >200 million people are currently infected by Schistosoma spp., with about 5% developing PAH (Sch-PAH) in response to the parasite egg-induced obliteration and remodeling of the lung vasculature. Before their settling into the lungs, Schistosoma eggs are released inside the mesenteric veins, where they either cross the intestinal wall and disturb the gut microbiome or migrate to other organs, including the lungs and liver, increasing pressure. Spontaneous or surgical liver bypass via collateral circulation alleviates the pressure in the portal system; however, it also allows the translocation of pathogens, toxins, and antigens into the lungs, ultimately causing PAH. This brief review provides an overview of the gut-mesentery-lung axis during PAH, with a particular focus on Sch-PAH, and attempts to delineate the mechanism by which pathogen translocation might contribute to the onset of chronic pulmonary vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suellen Darc Oliveira
- Department of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago
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18
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Hua X, Cao Y, Morgan DM, Miller K, Chin SM, Bellavance D, Khalili H. Longitudinal analysis of the impact of oral contraceptive use on the gut microbiome. J Med Microbiol 2022; 71. [PMID: 35452382 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction. Evidence has linked exogenous and endogenous sex hormones with the human microbiome.Hypothesis/Gap statement. The longitudinal effects of oral contraceptives (OC) on the human gut microbiome have not previously been studied.Aim. We sought to examine the longitudinal impact of OC use on the taxonomic composition and metabolic functions of the gut microbiota and endogenous sex steroid hormones after initiation of OC use.Methodology. We recruited ten healthy women who provided blood and stool samples prior to OC use, 1 month and 6 months after starting OC. We measured serum levels of sex hormones, including estradiol, progesterone, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), and total testosterone. Shotgun metagenomic sequencing was performed on DNA extracted from faecal samples. Species and metabolic pathway abundances were determined using MetaPhlAn2 and HUMAnN2. Multivariate association with linear models was used to identify microbial species and metabolic pathways associated with OC use and endogenous levels of sex hormones.Results. The percentage variance of the microbial community explained by individual factors ranged from 9.9 % for age to 2.7 % for time since initiation of OC use. We observed no changes in the diversity or composition of the gut microbiome following OC initiation. However, the relative abundance of the biosynthesis pathways of peptidoglycan, amino acids (lysine, threonine, methionine, and tryptophan), and the NAD salvage pathway increased after OC initiation. In addition, serum levels of estradiol and SHBG were positively associated with Eubacterium ramulus, a flavonoid-degrading bacterium. Similarly, microbes involving biosynthesis of l-lysine, l-threonine, and l-methionine were significantly associated with lower estradiol, SHBG, and higher levels of total testosterone.Conclusion. Our study provides the first piece of evidence supporting the association between exogenous and endogenous sex hormones and gut microbiome composition and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwei Hua
- Department of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Cardiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yueming Cao
- Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - David M Morgan
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Kaia Miller
- Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Samantha M Chin
- Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Danielle Bellavance
- Sydney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Hamed Khalili
- Department of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden.,Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
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19
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Korf JM, Ganesh BP, McCullough LD. Gut dysbiosis and age-related neurological diseases in females. Neurobiol Dis 2022; 168:105695. [PMID: 35307514 PMCID: PMC9631958 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2022.105695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Historically, females have been underrepresented in biological research. With increased interest in the gut microbiome and the gut-brain axis, it is important for researchers to pursue studies that consider sex as a biological variable. The composition of the gut microbiome is influenced by environmental factors, disease, diet, and varies with age and by sex. Detrimental changes in the gut microbiome, referred to as dysbiosis, is believed to influence the development and progression of age-related neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, and stroke. Many are investigating the changes in microbial populations in order or to better understand the role of the gut immunity and the microbiome in neurodegenerative diseases, many of which the exact etiology remains elusive, and no cures exist. Others are working to find diagnostic markers for earlier detection, or to therapeutically modulate microbial populations using probiotics. However, while all these diseases present in reproductively senescent females, most studies only use male animals for their experimental design. Reproductively senescent females have been shown to have differences in disease progression, inflammatory responses, and microbiota composition, therefore, for research to be translational to affected populations it is necessary for appropriate models to be used. This review discusses factors that influence the gut microbiome and the gut brain axis in females, and highlights studies that have investigated the role of dysbiosis in age-related neurodegenerative disorders that have included females in their study design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janelle M Korf
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, Houston, TX 77370, USA; University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 6767 Bertner Ave, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Bhanu P Ganesh
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, Houston, TX 77370, USA.
| | - Louise D McCullough
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, Houston, TX 77370, USA.
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20
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Lowe-Zinola J, Redjepova O, Griffin C. Association between combined oral hormonal contraceptives and depression: Could diet play a role? BJOG 2022; 130:122. [PMID: 35229445 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.17126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jack Lowe-Zinola
- Good Hope Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Trust, Sutton Coldfield, UK
| | - Oguljemal Redjepova
- City Hospital Birmingham, Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Christopher Griffin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Notre Dame Medical School, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
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21
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Han W, Huang C, Ji Y, Zhou L, Chen J, Hou J. Alterations in the Gut Microbiota and Hepatitis-B-Virus Infection in Southern Chinese Patients With Coexisting Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:805029. [PMID: 34993216 PMCID: PMC8724037 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.805029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection has been reported to affect the bacterial characteristics in the host. We aimed to elucidate the compositional and functional characteristics of the microbiota in southern Chinese patients with coexistent HBV infection, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: Healthy controls (HCs) and patients with coexistent NAFLD and T2DM were enrolled. Patients were divided into two groups: N1 (without HBV infection) and N2 (with HBV infection). Stool samples were collected for 16s RNA gene sequencing and untargeted metabolomics analysis. Results: Bacterial diversity was decreased in the N2 group. There was a significantly lower abundance of bacteria of Faecalibacterium, Gemmiger, and Clostridium_XIVA genera, but a higher abundance of Megamonas and Phascolarctobacterium genera in the N2 group. Compared with the N1 group, the abundance of Gemmiger species was even lower, and alterations in the abundance of Phascolarctobacterium and Clostridium_XIVA genera only occurred in the N2 group. There were significantly different fecal metabolic features, which were enriched in glucose and lipid metabolic pathways (e.g., fatty acid and glycerophospholipid metabolism) between the N2 and HC groups. Metabolites in glycerophospholipid metabolism, such as Sn-3-o-(geranylgeranyl)glycerol1-phosphate, were even higher in the N2 group than in the N1 group. The decreased Faecalibacterium and Gemmiger contributed to the increased level of Sn-3-o-(geranylgeranyl) glycerol1-phosphate, palmitoylcarnitine, and serum triglycerides. Clostridium_XIVA species were positively correlated to 15(s)-hpete. Megamonas species were positively correlated with the serum level of glucose indirectly. Conclusions: The distinct gut-microbiome profile associated with HBV infection has a role in lipid metabolism and glucose metabolism in patients with coexistent NAFLD and T2DM. Clinical Trial Registration:www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT03525769.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijia Han
- Department of Liver Disease Center, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
- Hepatology Unit, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunyang Huang
- Second Department of Liver Disease Center, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yali Ji
- Hepatology Unit, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling Zhou
- Hepatology Unit, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinjun Chen
- Hepatology Unit, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Hepatology Unit, Zengcheng Branch, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Chinese (Acute on) Chronic Liver Failure Consortium (Ch-CLIF.C), Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Jinjun Chen
| | - Jinlin Hou
- Department of Liver Disease Center, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
- Jinlin Hou
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