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Hammad D, Muslim Alameedy FM. Circulating MicroRNAs and Cytokines Associated with Celiac Disease. Middle East J Dig Dis 2024; 16:185-192. [PMID: 39386332 PMCID: PMC11459281 DOI: 10.34172/mejdd.2024.388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 10/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The current research examines the molecular terrain of celiac disease (CD) through microRNA (miRNA) and cytokines as potential new diagnostic and therapeutic markers. Gluten-appropriate immune response is a key feature of an autoimmune clinical entity known as CD that leads to inflammation and degeneration of small intestine mucosa. However, the mechanisms responsible for this remain unclear. Methods Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR ) was carried out on serum samples obtained from patients with CD and control groups to unravel their pathogenesis. Assessing miR-155, miR-15b, interleukin (IL)-2, IL-7, IL-35and IL-37 levels in expression might be useful in diagnosing or treating the disorder. Results A significant dysregulation of these molecular players in patients with CD compared with healthy controls has been evidenced by results from this study. For instance, miR-155 was up-regulated, whereas miR-15b was significantly down-regulated in CD, illustrating their roles in immune responses and inflammation-mediated processes. Besides, there was an over-expression of IL-2 and an under-expression of IL-37 in patients with CD, indicating these biomolecules' role in immuno-dysregulation and inflammatory process underlying CD. In addition, a positive correlation between IL-2 and miRNA 155 expression levels was observed in patients with CD, suggesting that they could be involved together with other cytokines, showing the interplay between immune response pathways and inflammatory cascades during CD pathogenesis. Conclusion These molecular signature discoveries might result in new and revolutionary diagnostic modalities and molecular-targeted therapies for CD pathogenesis. When used with the scientific understanding of miRNAs and cytokines associated with CD pathophysiology, it creates a basis for personalized medicine based on the individualized molecular profile of all patients. This will undoubtedly increase the efficacy of CD treatment strategies. In brief, more research on molecular pathways' workings should be done to harness their potential in CD diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dargham Hammad
- Department of Pathological Analysis, Faculty of Science, Kufa University, Najaf, Iraq
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2
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Garley M, Nowak K, Jabłońska E. Neutrophil microRNAs. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2024; 99:864-877. [PMID: 38148491 DOI: 10.1111/brv.13048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophils are considered 'first-line defence' cells as they can be rapidly recruited to the site of the immune response. As key components of non-specific immune mechanisms, neutrophils use phagocytosis, degranulation, and formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) to fight pathogens. Recently, immunoregulatory abilities of neutrophils associated with the secretion of several mediators, including cytokines and extracellular vesicles (EVs) containing, among other components, microRNAs (miRNAs), have also been reported. EVs are small structures released by cells into the extracellular space and are present in all body fluids. Microvesicles show the composition and status of the releasing cell, its physiological state, and pathological changes. Currently, EVs have gained immense scientific interest as they act as transporters of epigenetic information in intercellular communication. This review summarises findings from recent scientific reports that have evaluated the utility of miRNA molecules as biomarkers for effective diagnostics or even as start-points for new therapeutic strategies in neutrophil-mediated immune reactions. In addition, this review describes the current state of knowledge on miRNA molecules, which are endogenous regulators of gene expression besides being involved in the regulation of the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzena Garley
- Department of Immunology, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona 15A, Bialystok, 15-269, Poland
| | - Karolina Nowak
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, C.S. Mott Center for Human Growth and Development, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Ewa Jabłońska
- Department of Immunology, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona 15A, Bialystok, 15-269, Poland
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Hao K, Lin P, Li J, Hu J, Wang J, Li F. IL21 inhibits miR-361-5p to promote MAP3K9 and further aggravate the progression of shoulder arthritis. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:7915-7927. [PMID: 38728237 PMCID: PMC11132011 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This research aimed to explore IL-21/miR-361-5p/MAP3K9 expression in shoulder arthritis and identify its regulatory pathways. METHODS We established a rat shoulder arthritis model, then quantified IL21 and miR-361-5p in synovial fluid using ELISA and monitored the arthritis development. Additionally, IL21's effect on miR-361-5p levels in cultured human chondrocytes (HC-a) was assessed. Chondrocyte cell cycle status and apoptosis were measured via flow cytometry. Interactions between miR-361-5p and MAP3K9 were confirmed through dual-luciferase reporting and bioinformatic scrutiny. Protein levels of MAP3K9, p-ERK1/2, p-NF-κB, MMP1, and MMP9 were analyzed by Western blots. RESULTS IL21 levels were elevated, while miR-361-5p was reduced in the synovial fluid from arthritic rats compared to healthy rats. IL21 was shown to suppress miR-361-5p in chondrocytes leading to hindered cell proliferation and increased apoptosis. Western blots indicated that miR-361-5p curbed MAP3K9 expression, reducing MMP activity by attenuating the ERK1/2/NF-κB pathway in chondrocytes. CONCLUSION IL21 upregulation and miR-361-5p downregulation characterize shoulder arthritis, resulting in MAP3K9 overexpression. This chain of molecular events boosts MMP expression in chondrocytes and exacerbates the condition's progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangning Hao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Pengchao Lin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Nursing, Hebei Province Eighth People’s Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Jie Hu
- Department of Radiology, The Third Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Jiangyong Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei, P.R. China
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Yan Y, Yan H, Qiu Z, Long L. Mechanism of KDM5A-mediated H3K4me3 modification in the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Int J Rheum Dis 2024; 27:e15090. [PMID: 38443978 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.15090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (SONFH) is characterized by impaired osteogenesis in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). This study investigates the role of lysine-specific demethylase 5A (KDM5A) in SONFH to identify potential therapeutic targets. METHODS Human BMSCs were isolated and characterized for cell surface markers and differentiation capacity. A SONFH cell model was established using dexamethasone treatment. BMSCs were transfected with KDM5A overexpression vectors or si-KDM5A, and the expression of KDM5A, miR-107, runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), osteocalcin (OCN), and osteopontin (OPN) was assessed. Alizarin red staining was used to observe mineralization nodules, while alkaline phosphatase activity and cell viability were measured. The enrichment of KDM5A and histone 3 lysine 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) on the promoters of RUNX2, OCN, and OPN was analyzed. The binding between miR-107 and KDM5A 3'UTR was validated, and the combined effect of miR-107 overexpression and KDM5A overexpression on BMSC osteogenic differentiation was evaluated. RESULTS KDM5A was upregulated in BMSCs from SONFH. Inhibition of KDM5A promoted osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, associated with increased RUNX2, OCN, and OPN promoters. KDM5A bound to the promoters of RUNX2, OCN, and OPN, leading to reduced H3K4me3 levels and downregulation of their expression. Overexpression of miR-107 inhibited KDM5A and enhanced BMSC osteogenic differentiation. CONCLUSION KDM5A negatively regulates BMSC osteogenic differentiation by modulating H3K4me3 levels on the promoters of key osteogenic genes. miR-107 overexpression counteracts the inhibitory effect of KDM5A on osteogenic differentiation. These findings highlight the potential of targeting the KDM5A/miR-107 axis for SONFH therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yan
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangtan Central Hospital, Xiangtan, China
| | - Hao Yan
- Department of Adult Emergency, Boai Hospital, Zhongshan, China
| | - Zhilong Qiu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangtan Central Hospital, Xiangtan, China
| | - Liang Long
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Xiangtan Central Hospital, Xiangtan, China
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Syed NH, Mussa A, Elmi AH, Jamal Al-Khreisat M, Ahmad Mohd Zain MR, Nurul AA. Role of MicroRNAs in Inflammatory Joint Diseases: A Review. Immunol Invest 2024; 53:185-209. [PMID: 38095847 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2023.2293095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory arthritis commonly initiates in the soft tissues lining the joint. This lining swells, as do the cells in it and inside the joint fluid, producing chemicals that induce inflammation signs such as heat, redness, and swelling. MicroRNA (miRNA), a subset of non-coding small RNA molecules, post-transcriptionally controls gene expression by targeting their messenger RNA. MiRNAs modulate approximately 1/3 of the human genome with their multiple targets. Recently, they have been extensively studied as key modulators of the innate and adaptive immune systems in diseases such as allergic disorders, types of cancer, and cardiovascular diseases. However, research on the different inflammatory joint diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, gout, Lyme disease, ankylosing spondylitis, and psoriatic arthritis, remains in its infancy. This review presents a deeper understanding of miRNA biogenesis and the functions of miRNAs in modulating the immune and inflammatory responses in the above-mentioned inflammatory joint diseases. According to the literature, it has been demonstrated that the development of inflammatory joint disorders is closely related to different miRNAs and their specific regulatory mechanisms. Furthermore, they may present as possible prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers for all diseases and may help in developing a therapeutic response. However, further studies are needed to determine whether manipulating miRNAs can influence the development and progression of inflammatory joint disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazmul Huda Syed
- School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
- Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, India
| | - Ali Mussa
- Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, India
- Department of Haematology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Education, Omdurman Islamic University, Omdurman, Sudan
| | - Abdirahman Hussein Elmi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Mutaz Jamal Al-Khreisat
- Department of Haematology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | | | - Asma Abdullah Nurul
- School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
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Comertpay B, Gov E. Immune cell-specific and common molecular signatures in rheumatoid arthritis through molecular network approaches. Biosystems 2023; 234:105063. [PMID: 37852410 DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystems.2023.105063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disorder and common symptom of RA is chronic synovial inflammation. The pathogenesis of RA is not fully understood. Therefore, we aimed to identify underlying common and distinct molecular signatures and pathways among ten types of tissue and cells obtained from patients with RA. In this study, transcriptomic data including synovial tissues, macrophages, blood, T cells, CD4+T cells, CD8+T cells, natural killer T (NKT), cells natural killer (NK) cells, neutrophils, and monocyte cells were analyzed with an integrative and comparative network biology perspective. Each dataset yielded a list of differentially expressed genes as well as a reconstruction of the tissue-specific protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. Molecular signatures were identified by a statistical test using the hypergeometric probability density function by employing the interactions of transcriptional regulators and PPI. Reporter metabolites of each dataset were determined by using genome-scale metabolic networks. It was defined as the common hub proteins, novel molecular signatures, and metabolites in two or more tissue types while immune cell-specific molecular signatures were identified, too. Importantly, miR-155-5p is found as a common miRNA in all tissues. Moreover, NCOA3, PRKDC and miR-3160 might be novel molecular signatures for RA. Our results establish a novel approach for identifying immune cell-specific molecular signatures of RA and provide insights into the role of common tissue-specific genes, miRNAs, TFs, receptors, and reporter metabolites. Experimental research should be used to validate the corresponding genes, miRNAs, and metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betul Comertpay
- Department of Bioengineering, Adana Alparslan Türkeş Science and Technology University, Adana, Türkiye
| | - Esra Gov
- Department of Bioengineering, Adana Alparslan Türkeş Science and Technology University, Adana, Türkiye.
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Ma J, Zhao W, Pei X, Li X, Zhao W. MicroRNA-345-3p is a potential biomarker and ameliorates rheumatoid arthritis by reducing the release of proinflammatory cytokines. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:399. [PMID: 37264454 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-03797-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The study was to explore the influence of microRNA (miR)-345-3p on proinflammatory cytokines in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS A total of 32 RA patients and 32 healthy patients were enrolled. Proinflammatory factors in patients' serum were detected by ELISA, and miR-345-3p was detected by RT-qPCR. The correlation between miR-345-3p expression and proinflammatory factors in RA patients was analyzed. The diagnostic value of miR-345-3p and proinflammatory factors in RA patients was analyzed by receiver operating curve diagnosis. The predictive value of miR-345-3p levels and proinflammatory factors in RA patients was analyzed by multivariate Cox regression. HFLS-RA and HFLS cells were cultured, in which miR-345-3p and proinflammatory cytokines were detected by RT-qPCR. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were determined by CCK-8 and flow cytometry, respectively. RESULTS MiR-345-3p was lowly expressed in the serum of RA patients. MiR-345-3p and proinflammatory factors were of diagnostic and predictive values in RA. Elevated miR-345-3p restrained the production of proinflammatory factors of HFLS-RA cells, improved cell proliferation, and reduced apoptosis. CONCLUSION MiR-345-3p is a potential biomarker and ameliorates RA by reducing the release of proinflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, Jiu Quan People's Hospital, No. 22, West Street, Suzhou District, Jiu Quan City, 735000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Jiu Quan People's Hospital, No. 22, West Street, Suzhou District, Jiu Quan City, 735000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Xue Pei
- Department of Orthopedics, Jiu Quan People's Hospital, No. 22, West Street, Suzhou District, Jiu Quan City, 735000, Gansu Province, China
| | - XinZhi Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Renhe Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang City, 443001, Hubei Province, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Jiu Quan People's Hospital, No. 22, West Street, Suzhou District, Jiu Quan City, 735000, Gansu Province, China.
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8
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Balchin C, Tan AL, Wilson OJ, McKenna J, Stavropoulos-Kalinoglou A. The role of microRNAs in regulating inflammation and exercise-induced adaptations in rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatol Adv Pract 2023; 7:rkac110. [PMID: 36699549 PMCID: PMC9870706 DOI: 10.1093/rap/rkac110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenously generated single-stranded RNAs that play crucial roles in numerous biological processes, such as cell development, proliferation, differentiation, metabolism and apoptosis. They negatively regulate target gene expression by repressing translation of messenger RNA into a functional protein. Several miRNAs have been implicated in the development and progression of RA. They are involved in inflammatory and immune processes and are associated with susceptibility to RA and disease activity. They are also considered to be potential markers of disease activity or even therapeutic targets. Likewise, several miRNAs are affected acutely by exercise and regulate exercise-related adaptations in the skeletal muscle and cardiovascular system and aerobic fitness. Interestingly, some miRNAs affected by exercise are also important in the context of RA. Investigating these might increase our understanding of the effects of exercise in RA and improve exercise prescription and, potentially, disease management. In this review, we focus on the miRNAs that are associated with both RA and exercise and discuss their roles in (and potential interactions between) RA and exercise-induced adaptations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ai Lyn Tan
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, UK,NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Oliver J Wilson
- Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
| | - Jim McKenna
- Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
| | - Antonios Stavropoulos-Kalinoglou
- Correspondence to: Antonios Stavropoulos-Kalinoglou, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Headingley Campus, 225 Fairfax Hall, Churchwood Avenue, Leeds LS6 3QS, UK. E-mail:
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Mahdavi Anari SR, Kheirkhah B, Amini K, Roozafzai F. Expression of MicroRNA-155 in Patients with Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, Coronavirus Disease 2019, or Both: A Cross-Sectional Study. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2023; 48:26-34. [PMID: 36688191 PMCID: PMC9843467 DOI: 10.30476/ijms.2022.91669.2282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Background Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is the eleventh leading cause of cancer-related death in the world. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common type of NHL. Up to winter 2021-2022, the death toll caused by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has exceeded 5.6 million worldwide. Possible molecular mechanisms involved in the systemic inflammation, and cytokine storm in COVID-19 patients are still not fully understood. MicroRNA-155 (miR-155) plays a role in the post-transcriptional gene regulation of hematopoiesis, oncogenesis, and inflammation. The present study aimed to evaluate the expression of miR-155 in patients with DLBCL and/or COVID-19. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from July to December 2020 in Tehran (Iran) to evaluate the expression of miR-155 in adult patients diagnosed with DLBCL and/or COVID-19. The real-time polymerase chain reaction technique was used to evaluate the expression of miR-155 in the sera of 92 adults who were either healthy or suffering from DLBCL and/or COVID-19. Relative quantification of gene expression was calculated in terms of cycle threshold (Ct) value. Data were analyzed using SPSS software, and P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results The expression of miR-155 was not associated with the sex or age of the participants. In comparison with healthy individuals (-ΔCt -1.92±0.25), the expression of miR-155 increased in patients with COVID-19 (1.95±0.14), DLBCL (2.25±0.16), or both (4.33±0.65). Conclusion The expression of miR-155 increased in patients with DLBCL and/or COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Babak Kheirkhah
- Department of Biology, Sirjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sirjan, Iran,
Department of Microbiology, Kerman Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kerman, Iran
| | - Kumarss Amini
- Department of Microbiology, Saveh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Saveh, Iran
| | - Farzin Roozafzai
- Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Prophylactic administration of miR-451 inhibitor decreases osteoarthritis severity in rats. Sci Rep 2022; 12:16068. [PMID: 36167718 PMCID: PMC9513290 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20415-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Transfection of chondrocytes with microRNA-451(miR-451), present in growth zone cartilage of the growth plate, upregulates production of enzymes association with extracellular matrix degradation. miR-451 is also present in articular cartilage and exacerbates IL-1β effects in articular chondrocytes. Moreover, when osteoarthritis (OA) was induced in Sprague Dawley rats via bilateral anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT), miR-451 expression was increased in OA cartilage compared to control, suggesting its inhibition might be used to prevent or treat OA. To examine the prophylactic and therapeutic potential of inhibiting miR-451, we evaluated treatment with miR-451 power inhibitor (451-PI) at the onset of joint trauma and treatment after OA had developed. The prophylactic animal cohort received twice-weekly intra-articular injections of either 451-PI or a negative control (NC-PI) beginning on post-surgical day 3. OA was allowed to develop for 24 days in the therapeutic cohort before beginning injections. All rats were killed on day 45. Micro-CT, histomorphometrics, OARSI scoring, and muscle force testing were performed on samples. 451-PI mitigated OA progression compared to NC-PI limbs in the prophylactic cohort based on histomorphometric analysis and OARSI scoring, but no differences were detected by micro-CT. 451-PI treatment beginning 24 days post-surgery was not able to reduce OA severity. Prophylactic administration of 451-PI mitigates OA progression in a post-trauma ACLT rat model supporting its potential to prevent OA development following an ACLT injury clinically.
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The immunomodulatory effects of antihypertensive therapy: A review. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113287. [PMID: 35728352 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension remains the leading preventable risk factor for stroke and coronary artery disease, significantly contributing to all-cause global mortality and predisposing patients to renal and heart failure, as well as peripheral vascular disease. Due to the widespread usage of antihypertensive drugs, global mean blood pressure has remained unchanged or even slightly decreased over the past four decades. However, considering the broad spectrum of mechanisms involved in the action of antihypertensive drugs and the prevalence of their target receptors on immune cells, possible immunomodulatory effects which may exert beneficial effects of lowering blood pressure but also potentially alter immune function should be considered. In this review, we attempt to assess the consequences to immune system function of administering the five most commonly prescribed groups of antihypertensive drugs and to explain the mechanisms behind those interactions. Finally, we show potential gaps in our understanding of the effects of antihypertensive drugs on patient health. With regard to the widespread use of these drugs in the adult population worldwide, the discussed results may be of vital importance to evidence-based decision-making in daily clinical practice.
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Zhang A, Lu R, Lang H, Wu M. MiR-361-5p promotes proliferation and inhibits apoptosis of fibroblast-like synoviocytes via targeting ZBTB10 in rheumatoid arthritis. Autoimmunity 2022; 55:310-317. [PMID: 35608340 DOI: 10.1080/08916934.2022.2073588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study is aimed to explore the key role of miR-361-5p in fibroblast-like synovial (FLS) cells of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and explore the underlying mechanism. METHODS First, we performed RT-qPCR to evaluate the expression of miR-361-5p in both synovial tissues of RA patients and cultured RA-FLS cells. Then CCK-8 assay, EdU staining, Western blot, flow cytometry, and ELISA were conducted to estimate the influence of inhibiting miR-361-5p on RA-FLS cells. Moreover, we used bioinformatics analysis to predict the potential targets of miR-361-5p and perform a dual luciferase report assay for verification. Finally, rescue experiments were performed to prove the role of miR-361-5p/Zinc Finger And BTB Domain Containing 10 (ZBTB10) in the proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis of RA-FLS. RESULTS We find that the expression of miR-361-5p is increased in both RA tissues and cultured RA-FLS cells. The inhibition of miR-361-5p can not only inhibit proliferation, arrest the cell cycle in G1/G0 phase, and increase apoptosis, but also reduce the inflammatory factors secreted by RA-FLS cells. In addition, ZBTB10 is a direct target for miR-361-5p, over-expression of ZBTB10 reverses the effect of miR-361-5p in RA-FLS. CONCLUSIONS MiR-361-5p promotes the progression of rheumatoid arthritis by targeting ZBTB10. Key pointsThe influences of miR-361-5p on RA-FLS cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aixian Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Department of General Practice Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rong Lu
- Department of General Practice Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huifang Lang
- Endocrine Department, The First Hospital of Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Min Wu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
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Benazzo A, Bozzini S, Auner S, Berezhinskiy HO, Watzenboeck ML, Schwarz S, Schweiger T, Klepetko W, Wekerle T, Hoetzenecker K, Meloni F, Jaksch P. Differential expression of circulating miRNAs after alemtuzumab induction therapy in lung transplantation. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7072. [PMID: 35490174 PMCID: PMC9056512 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10866-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Alemtuzumab is a monoclonal antibody targeting CD52, used as induction therapy after lung transplantation (LTx). Its engagement produces a long-lasting immunodepletion; however, the mechanisms driving cell reconstitution are poorly defined. We hypothesized that miRNAs are involved in this process. The expression of a set of miRNAs, cytokines and co-signaling molecules was measured with RT-qPCR and flow cytometry in prospectively collected serum samples of LTx recipients, after alemtuzumab or no induction therapy. Twenty-six LTx recipients who received alemtuzumab and twenty-seven matched LTx recipients without induction therapy were included in the analysis. One year after transplantation four miRNAs were differentially regulated: miR-23b (p = 0.05) miR-146 (p = 0.04), miR-155 (p < 0.001) and miR-486 (p < 0.001). Expression of 3 miRNAs changed within the alemtuzumab group: miR-146 (p < 0.001), miR-155 (p < 0.001) and miR-31 (p < 0.001). Levels of IL-13, IL-4, IFN-γ, BAFF, IL-5, IL-9, IL-17F, IL-17A and IL-22 were different one year after transplantation compared to baseline. In no-induction group, concentration of sCD27, sB7.2 and sPD-L1 increased overtime. Expression of miR-23b, miR-146, miR-486, miR-155 and miR-31 was different in LTx recipients who received alemtuzumab compared to recipients without induction therapy. The observed cytokine pattern suggested proliferation of specific B cell subsets in alemtuzumab group and co-stimulation of T-cells in no-induction group.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Benazzo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Lung Transplantation Research Lab, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
| | - S Bozzini
- Department of Internal Medicine, Unit of Respiratory Diseases, Laboratory of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of Pavia and IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - S Auner
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Lung Transplantation Research Lab, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - H Oya Berezhinskiy
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Lung Transplantation Research Lab, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - M L Watzenboeck
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - S Schwarz
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - T Schweiger
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - W Klepetko
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - T Wekerle
- Section of Transplantation Immunology, Division of Transplantation, Department of General Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - K Hoetzenecker
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - F Meloni
- Department of Internal Medicine, Unit of Respiratory Diseases, Laboratory of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of Pavia and IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - P Jaksch
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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14
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Cheleschi S, Tenti S, Bedogni G, Fioravanti A. Circulating Mir-140 and leptin improve the accuracy of the differential diagnosis between psoriatic arthritis and rheumatoid arthritis: a case-control study. Transl Res 2022; 239:18-34. [PMID: 34380068 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2021.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The differential diagnosis of psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is difficult because of the lack of diagnostic clinical signs and reliable biomarkers. This study investigated microRNAs (miRNA) and adipokines as potential additional markers to discriminate PsA from RA. The expression profile of miRNA (miR-21, miR-140, miR-146a, miR-155, miR-181b, miR-223, miR-let-7e) and inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17a, IL-23a, TNF-α) from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of PsA and RA patients compared to healthy controls (HC) were evaluated by real-time PCR, and serum adipokines (adiponectin, chemerin, leptin, resistin, visfatin) and cytokines by ELISA assay. Univariable binary logistic regression was used to find the association between PsA and potential predictors. The gene expression of miRNA and cytokines and the serum levels of adipokines were found significantly different in PsA and RA patients compared to HC, as well as in PsA versus RA. MiR-140 gene expression resulted up-regulated in PsA patients and reduced in RA in comparison to HC, and, for the first time, significantly higher in PsA compared with RA. Serum levels of IL-23a and leptin were significantly increased in PsA and RA populations than in HC, as well as in PsA versus RA. Furthermore, circulating TNF-α was up-regulated in PsA and RA in comparison to controls, while resulted higher in RA than in PsA. Univariable binary logistic regression analysis found the above-mentioned markers associated to PsA versus RA. Our results first demonstrated an increased expression of circulating miR-140 and serum leptin in PsA patients compared to RA, which were identified as potential additional biomarkers to discriminate PsA from RA. Since the differential diagnosis of PsA and RA poses challenges in clinical practice, our data may help to enhance the diagnostic performance of PsA in daily practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Cheleschi
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Viale Bracci 1, Siena, Italy.
| | - Sara Tenti
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Viale Bracci 1, Siena, Italy
| | | | - Antonella Fioravanti
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Viale Bracci 1, Siena, Italy
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15
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Mo ML, Jiang JM, Long XP, Xie LH. MiR-144-3p Aggravated Cartilage Injury in Rheumatoid Arthritis by Regulating BMP2/PI3K/Akt Axis. Mod Rheumatol 2021; 32:1064-1076. [PMID: 34850093 DOI: 10.1093/mr/roab105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Present study aimed to illustrate the role of miR-144-3p in RA. METHODS N1511 chondrocytes were stimulated by IL-1β to mimic RA injury model in vitro. Rats were subjected to injection of type II collagen to establish an in vivo RA model and the arthritis index score was calculated. Cell viability was determined by CCK-8. The expression of cartilage extracellular matrix proteins (Collagen II and Aggrecan) and matrix metalloproteinases protein (MMP-13) were determined by qRT-PCR and western blots. Cell apoptosis was measured by Flow cytometry. ELISA was applied to test the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and TNF-α). Tissue injury and apoptosis were detected by HE staining and TUNEL staining. Interaction of miR-144-3p and BMP2 was verified by dual luciferase assay. RESULTS MiR-144-3p was dramatically increased in IL-1β induced N1511 cells. MiR-144-3p depletion elevated cell viability, suppressed apoptosis, pro-inflammatory cytokine releasing, and extracellular matrix loss in IL-1β induced N1511 cells. Moreover, miR-144-3p targeted BMP2 to modulate its expression negatively. Activation of PI3K/Akt signaling compromised inhibition of BMP2 induced aggravated N1511 cell injury with IL-1β stimulation. Inhibition of miR-144-3p alleviated cartilage injury and inflammatory in RA rats. CONCLUSION Collectively, miR-144-3p could aggravate chondrocytes injury inflammatory response in RA via BMP2/PI3K/Akt axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Li Mo
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Jin-Mei Jiang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Xiao-Ping Long
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Li-Hu Xie
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
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16
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Rahimizadeh P, Rezaieyazdi Z, Behzadi F, Hajizade A, Lim SI. Nanotechnology as a promising platform for rheumatoid arthritis management: Diagnosis, treatment, and treatment monitoring. Int J Pharm 2021; 609:121137. [PMID: 34592396 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease that develops in about 5 per 1000 people. Over the past years, substantial progresses in knowledge of the disease's pathophysiology, effective diagnosis methods, early detection, and efficient treatment strategies have been made. Notably, nanotechnology has emerged as a game-changer in the efficacious management of many diseases, especially for RA. Joint replacement, photothermal therapy (PTT), photodynamic therapy (PDT), RA diagnosis, and treatment monitoring are nano-based avenues in RA management. Here, we present a brief overview of the pathogenesis of RA, risk factors, conventional diagnostic methods and treatment approaches, and then discuss the role of nanomedicine in RA diagnosis, treatment, and treatment monitoring with an emphasis on functional characteristics distinctive from other RA therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parastou Rahimizadeh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, South Korea
| | - Zahra Rezaieyazdi
- Rheumatic Disease Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Faezeh Behzadi
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Hajizade
- Biology Research Centre, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Imam Hossein University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Sung In Lim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, South Korea.
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17
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Corbet M, Pineda MA, Yang K, Tarafdar A, McGrath S, Nakagawa R, Lumb FE, Suckling CJ, Harnett W, Harnett MM. Epigenetic drug development for autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. PLoS Pathog 2021; 17:e1010069. [PMID: 34748611 PMCID: PMC8601611 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
ES-62 is the major secreted protein of the parasitic filarial nematode, Acanthocheilonema viteae. The molecule exists as a large tetramer (MW, ~240kD), which possesses immunomodulatory properties by virtue of multiple phosphorylcholine (PC) moieties attached to N-type glycans. By suppressing inflammatory immune responses, ES-62 can prevent disease development in certain mouse models of allergic and autoimmune conditions, including joint pathology in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA), a model of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Such protection is associated with functional suppression of "pathogenic" hyper-responsive synovial fibroblasts (SFs), which exhibit an aggressive inflammatory and bone-damaging phenotype induced by their epigenetic rewiring in response to the inflammatory microenvironment of the arthritic joint. Critically, exposure to ES-62 in vivo induces a stably-imprinted CIA-SF phenotype that exhibits functional responses more typical of healthy, Naïve-SFs. Consistent with this, ES-62 "rewiring" of SFs away from the hyper-responsive phenotype is associated with suppression of ERK activation, STAT3 activation and miR-155 upregulation, signals widely associated with SF pathogenesis. Surprisingly however, DNA methylome analysis of Naïve-, CIA- and ES-62-CIA-SF cohorts reveals that rather than simply preventing pathogenic rewiring of SFs, ES-62 induces further changes in DNA methylation under the inflammatory conditions pertaining in the inflamed joint, including targeting genes associated with ciliogenesis, to programme a novel "resolving" CIA-SF phenotype. In addition to introducing a previously unsuspected aspect of ES-62's mechanism of action, such unique behaviour signposts the potential for developing DNA methylation signatures predictive of pathogenesis and its resolution and hence, candidate mechanisms by which novel therapeutic interventions could prevent SFs from perpetuating joint inflammation and destruction in RA. Pertinent to these translational aspects of ES-62-behavior, small molecule analogues (SMAs) based on ES-62's active PC-moieties mimic the rewiring of SFs as well as the protection against joint disease in CIA afforded by the parasitic worm product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlene Corbet
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Miguel A. Pineda
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Kun Yang
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Anuradha Tarafdar
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah McGrath
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Rinako Nakagawa
- Immunity and Cancer, Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Felicity E. Lumb
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Colin J. Suckling
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - William Harnett
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (MMH); (WH)
| | - Margaret M. Harnett
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (MMH); (WH)
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18
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Jones TL, Esa MS, Li KHC, Krishnan SRG, Elgallab GM, Pearce MS, Young DA, Birrell FN. Osteoporosis, fracture, osteoarthritis & sarcopenia: A systematic review of circulating microRNA association. Bone 2021; 152:116068. [PMID: 34166859 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2021.116068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Circulating microRNAs (c-miRs) show promise as biomarkers. This systematic review explores their potential association with age-related fracture/osteoporosis (OP), osteoarthritis (OA) and sarcopenia (SP), as well as cross-disease association. Most overlap occurred between OA and OP, suggesting potentially shared microRNA activity. There was little agreement in results across studies. Few reported receiver operating characteristic analysis (ROC) and many identified significant dysregulation in disease, but direction of effect was commonly conflicting. c-miRs with most evidence for consistency in dysregulation included miR-146a, miR-155 and miR-98 for OA (upregulated). Area under the curve (AUC) for miR-146a biomarker performance was AUC 0.92, p = 0.028. miR-125b (AUC 0.76-0.89), miR-100, miR-148a and miR-24 were consistently upregulated in OP. Insufficient evidence exists for c-miRs in SP. Study quality was typically rated intermediate/high risk of bias. Wide study heterogeneity meant meta-analysis was not possible. We provide detailed critique and recommendations for future approaches in c-miR analyses based on this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania L Jones
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Newcastle University, Sir James Spence Building, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 4LP, United Kingdom.
| | - Mohammed S Esa
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Newcastle University, Sir James Spence Building, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 4LP, United Kingdom.
| | - K H Christien Li
- Medical Research Council Versus Arthritis Centre for Integrated Research into Musculoskeletal Ageing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, United Kingdom
| | - S R Gokul Krishnan
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, United Kingdom.
| | - George M Elgallab
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Wellbeing, Sciences Complex, City Campus, Chester Road, University of Sunderland, Sunderland SR1 3SD, United Kingdom
| | - Mark S Pearce
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Newcastle University, Sir James Spence Building, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 4LP, United Kingdom.
| | - David A Young
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, United Kingdom.
| | - Fraser N Birrell
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Newcastle University, Sir James Spence Building, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 4LP, United Kingdom; Medical Research Council Versus Arthritis Centre for Integrated Research into Musculoskeletal Ageing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, United Kingdom.
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19
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Abstract
Epigenetic modifications have been well documented in autoimmune diseases. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), in particular, have long intrigued scientists in the field of autoimmunity. Owing to its central role in the development of the immune system, microRNA-155 (miR-155) is deeply involved in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Despite the advancements made in treating SLE, the disease still remains incurable. Therefore, recent attention has been drawn to the manipulation of epigenetics in the development of curative treatments. In fact, it is a widely held view that miRNA-targeted therapy is a new glimmer of hope in the treatment of autoimmune diseases. However, the duplicity of miRNAs should not be overlooked. A single miRNA can target several mRNAs, and some mRNAs may possess opposing functions. In this review, we highlight the role of miR-155 as a biomarker and review its functions in SLE patients and animal models while discussing possible reasons behind inconsistencies across studies.
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20
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Bhatt HK, Song D, Musgrave G, Rao PSS. Cannabinoid-induced changes in the immune system: The role of microRNAs. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 98:107832. [PMID: 34107381 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Naturally occurring cannabinoids have been used by humans for their medicinal benefits for over several millennia. While the use of cannabinoids has been strictly regulated in the past century, easing of state regulations has been associated with an increase in use of cannabinoids in the United States. The potential therapeutic applications of cannabinoids have been explored and the anti-inflammatory effect of cannabis-derived cannabinoids has been well-documented. The pharmacological effects of cannabinoids are governed by the modulation of cannabinoid receptors, CB1 and CB2, expressed in the central and peripheral tissues. Moreover, growing scientific evidence suggests that the cannabinoid-mediated changes in the immune system involves change in expression of microRNAs (miRNAs). MiRNAs are short non-coding, single-stranded RNA which have the ability to affect post-translational regulation of gene expression. Studies over the past decade have investigated the changes in expression of miRNAs following treatment of various components of the immune system with different chemical modulators of the cannabinoid receptors. Such studies have highlighted the key role played by various miRNAs in driving the observed immunomodulatory effects of cannabinoids. The aim of this review article, therefore, is to summarize the role of miRNAs behind the observed effects of cannabinoids on the overall immune system, rather than focusing on a single disease state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirva K Bhatt
- College of Pharmacy, The University of Findlay, Findlay, OH 45840, United States
| | - Dana Song
- College of Pharmacy, The University of Findlay, Findlay, OH 45840, United States
| | - Gyen Musgrave
- Greenleaf Apothecaries, LLC, 15335 Madison Road, Middlefield, OH 44062, United States
| | - P S S Rao
- College of Pharmacy, The University of Findlay, Findlay, OH 45840, United States.
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21
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Pashangzadeh S, Motallebnezhad M, Vafashoar F, Khalvandi A, Mojtabavi N. Implications the Role of miR-155 in the Pathogenesis of Autoimmune Diseases. Front Immunol 2021; 12:669382. [PMID: 34025671 PMCID: PMC8137895 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.669382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding conserved RNAs containing 19 to 24 nucleotides that are regulators of post-translational modifications and are involved in the majority of biological processes such as immune homeostasis, T helper cell differentiation, central and peripheral tolerance, and immune cell development. Autoimmune diseases are characterized by immune system dysregulation, which ultimately leads to destructive responses to self-antigens. A large body of literature suggests that autoimmune diseases and immune dysregulation are associated with different miRNA expression changes in the target cells and tissues of adaptive or innate immunity. miR-155 is identified as a critical modulator of immune responses. Recently conducted studies on the expression profile of miR-155 suggest that the altered expression and function of miR-155 can mediate vulnerability to autoimmune diseases and cause significant dysfunction of the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salar Pashangzadeh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Motallebnezhad
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Vafashoar
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azadeh Khalvandi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nazanin Mojtabavi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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22
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Lu H, Yao Y, Yang J, Zhang H, Li L. Microbiome-miRNA interactions in the progress from undifferentiated arthritis to rheumatoid arthritis: evidence, hypotheses, and opportunities. Rheumatol Int 2021; 41:1567-1575. [PMID: 33856544 PMCID: PMC8316166 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-021-04798-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The human microbiome has attracted attention for its potential utility in precision medicine. Increasingly, more researchers are recognizing changes in intestinal microbiome can upset the balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory factors of host immune system, potentially contributing to arthritis immunopathogenesis. Patients who develop rheumatoid arthritis from undifferentiated arthritis can face multiple irreversible joint lesions and even deformities. Strategies for identifying undifferentiated arthritis patients who have a tendency to develop rheumatoid arthritis and interventions to prevent rheumatoid arthritis development are urgently needed. Intestinal microbiome dysbiosis and shifts in the miRNA profile affect undifferentiated arthritis progression, and may play an important role in rheumatoid arthritis pathophysiologic process via stimulating inflammatory cytokines and disturbing host and microbial metabolic functions. However, a causal relationship between microbiome–miRNA interactions and rheumatoid arthritis development from undifferentiated arthritis has not been uncovered yet. Changes in the intestinal microbiome and miRNA profiles of undifferentiated arthritis patients with different disease outcomes should be studied together to uncover the role of the intestinal microbiome in rheumatoid arthritis development and to identify potential prognostic indicators of rheumatoid arthritis in undifferentiated arthritis patients. Herein, we discuss the possibility of microbiome–miRNA interactions contributing to rheumatoid arthritis development and describe the gaps in knowledge regarding their influence on undifferentiated arthritis prognosis that should be addressed by future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifeng Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003 Zhejiang People’s Republic of China
| | - Yujun Yao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003 Zhejiang People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiezuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003 Zhejiang People’s Republic of China
| | - Hua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003 Zhejiang People’s Republic of China
| | - Lanjuan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003 Zhejiang People’s Republic of China
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23
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Bao X, Ma L, He C. MicroRNA-23a-5p regulates cell proliferation, migration and inflammation of TNF-α-stimulated human fibroblast-like MH7A synoviocytes by targeting TLR4 in rheumatoid arthritis. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:479. [PMID: 33767774 PMCID: PMC7976437 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by synovial joint inflammation. RA synovial fibroblasts (RASFs) constitute a major cell subset of the RA synovia. MicroRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) have been reported to serve a role in the activation and proliferation of RASFs. The present study aimed to investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of miR-23a-5p on RA progression. Peripheral blood was collected from patients with RA (n=20) to analyze the expression levels of miR-23a-5p. The effects of miR-23a-5p on cell apoptosis, proliferation and migration in MH7A cells were determined in TNF-α-treated human fibroblast-like synoviocytes (MH7A cells) by flow cytometry, colony formation assay and Transwell assay, respectively. The cell cycle distribution was evaluated using flow cytometry. The binding relationship between miR-23a-5p and toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 was analyzed using a dual luciferase reporter gene assay. ELISA and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR assays were used to detect the levels of the inflammatory factors IL-6, IL-1β and IL-10. The expression levels of apoptosis- and migration-related proteins were analyzed using western blotting. The results of the present study revealed that the expression levels of miR-23a-5p were significantly downregulated in the plasma of patients with RA and in MH7A cells. In addition, the TNF-α-induced increase in the cell proliferative and migratory rates and the production of IL-6 and IL-1β were markedly inhibited following miR-23a-5p overexpression. The TNF-α-induced decreases in MH7A cell apoptosis were also reversed following miR-23a-5p overexpression. Additionally, transfection with miR-23a-5p mimics significantly inhibited the activation of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway in TNF-α-treated MH7A cells by targeting TLR4. Notably, TLR4 overexpression weakened the effects of miR-23a-5p mimic on cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, inflammation and the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway in TNF-α-induced MH7A cells. In conclusion, the findings of the present study indicated that the miR-23a-5p/TLR4/NF-κB axis may serve as a promising target for RA diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Bao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The People's Hospital of De Yang City, Deyang, Sichuan 618000, P.R. China
| | - Ling Ma
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The People's Hospital of De Yang City, Deyang, Sichuan 618000, P.R. China
| | - Chengsong He
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Southwest Medical University Affiliated Hospital, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
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Sanada Y, Tan SJO, Adachi N, Miyaki S. Pharmacological Targeting of Heme Oxygenase-1 in Osteoarthritis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10030419. [PMID: 33803317 PMCID: PMC8001640 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10030419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common aging-associated disease that clinically manifests as joint pain, mobility limitations, and compromised quality of life. Today, OA treatment is limited to pain management and joint arthroplasty at the later stages of disease progression. OA pathogenesis is predominantly mediated by oxidative damage to joint cartilage extracellular matrix and local cells such as chondrocytes, osteoclasts, osteoblasts, and synovial fibroblasts. Under normal conditions, cells prevent the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) under oxidatively stressful conditions through their adaptive cytoprotective mechanisms. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is an iron-dependent cytoprotective enzyme that functions as the inducible form of HO. HO-1 and its metabolites carbon monoxide and biliverdin contribute towards the maintenance of redox homeostasis. HO-1 expression is primarily regulated at the transcriptional level through transcriptional factor nuclear factor erythroid 2 (NF-E2)-related factor 2 (Nrf2), specificity protein 1 (Sp1), transcriptional repressor BTB-and-CNC homology 1 (Bach1), and epigenetic regulation. Several studies report that HO-1 expression can be regulated using various antioxidative factors and chemical compounds, suggesting therapeutic implications in OA pathogenesis as well as in the wider context of joint disease. Here, we review the protective role of HO-1 in OA with a focus on the regulatory mechanisms that mediate HO-1 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Sanada
- Medical Center for Translational and Clinical Research, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima 7348551, Japan;
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 7348551, Japan; (S.J.O.T.); (N.A.)
| | - Sho Joseph Ozaki Tan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 7348551, Japan; (S.J.O.T.); (N.A.)
| | - Nobuo Adachi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 7348551, Japan; (S.J.O.T.); (N.A.)
| | - Shigeru Miyaki
- Medical Center for Translational and Clinical Research, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima 7348551, Japan;
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 7348551, Japan; (S.J.O.T.); (N.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-82-257-5231
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The Potential Importance of MicroRNAs as Novel Indicators How to Manage Patients with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis More Effectively. J Immunol Res 2021; 2021:9473508. [PMID: 33575364 PMCID: PMC7864733 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9473508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Small, noncoding sequences of ribonucleic acid called microRNAs (miRNAs, miR) are functioning as posttranscriptional regulators of gene expression. As they draw increasing attention of rheumatologists, there is a growing body of evidence concerning specific molecules that may affect the long-term care of patients with inflammatory arthritides. Findings involving children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) are still limited though. The aim of the study was to browse the available data on microRNAs which may be utilized as potential biomarkers helpful in diagnosing and monitoring JIA patients. The review contains a brief summary on the most studied sequences: miR-16, miR-125a-5p, miR-146a, miR-155, and miR-223. It is complemented with other miRNAs possibly relevant for JIA (miR-145, miR-23b, miR-27a, and miR-204) and discussion on challenges for using miRNAs in pediatric rheumatology (particularly, issues regarding specificity of biomarkers and measurements involving synovial fluid).
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Reza AMMT, Yuan YG. microRNAs Mediated Regulation of the Ribosomal Proteins and its Consequences on the Global Translation of Proteins. Cells 2021; 10:110. [PMID: 33435549 PMCID: PMC7827472 DOI: 10.3390/cells10010110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Ribosomal proteins (RPs) are mostly derived from the energy-consuming enzyme families such as ATP-dependent RNA helicases, AAA-ATPases, GTPases and kinases, and are important structural components of the ribosome, which is a supramolecular ribonucleoprotein complex, composed of Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and RPs, coordinates the translation and synthesis of proteins with the help of transfer RNA (tRNA) and other factors. Not all RPs are indispensable; in other words, the ribosome could be functional and could continue the translation of proteins instead of lacking in some of the RPs. However, the lack of many RPs could result in severe defects in the biogenesis of ribosomes, which could directly influence the overall translation processes and global expression of the proteins leading to the emergence of different diseases including cancer. While microRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs and one of the potent regulators of the post-transcriptional gene expression, miRNAs regulate gene expression by targeting the 3' untranslated region and/or coding region of the messenger RNAs (mRNAs), and by interacting with the 5' untranslated region, and eventually finetune the expression of approximately one-third of all mammalian genes. Herein, we highlighted the significance of miRNAs mediated regulation of RPs coding mRNAs in the global protein translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abu Musa Md Talimur Reza
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5a, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Yu-Guo Yuan
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis/Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
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Latini A, Ciccacci C, Benedittis GD, Novelli L, Ceccarelli F, Conti F, Novelli G, Perricone C, Borgiani P. Altered expression of miR-142, miR-155, miR-499a and of their putative common target MDM2 in systemic lupus erythematosus. Epigenomics 2020; 13:5-13. [PMID: 33337917 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2020-0278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: To evaluate genetic and expression variability of three miRNAs potentially involved in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and to identify any miRNA's target gene. Materials & methods: Gene polymorphisms and expression levels of three miRNAs have been evaluated in a cohort of SLE patients and controls. Results: miR-142 and miR-499a were significantly down-expressed in patients (p = 0.005 and p = 0.02, respectively). A trend for down-expression of miR-155 was also observed (p = 0.07). The lower expression of miR-142 was associated with the rs2632516 polymorphism variant allele (p = 0.002). Predictive analyses identified a target gene common to the three miRNAs, MDM2, whose higher expression was seen in patients compared with controls (p = 0.03). Conclusion: The three miRNAs and MDM2 might be involved in SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Latini
- Department of Biomedicine & Prevention, Genetics Section, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Cinzia Ciccacci
- Department of Biomedicine & Prevention, Genetics Section, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome 00133, Italy.,UniCamillus - Saint Camillus International University of Health Sciences, Rome 00131, Italy
| | - Giada De Benedittis
- Department of Biomedicine & Prevention, Genetics Section, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Lucia Novelli
- Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, Humanitas Clinical & Research Center - IRCCS, Rozzano (MI) 20089, Italy
| | - Fulvia Ceccarelli
- Department of Internal Medicine, Lupus Clinic, Rheumatology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome 00161, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Conti
- Department of Internal Medicine, Lupus Clinic, Rheumatology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome 00161, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Novelli
- Department of Biomedicine & Prevention, Genetics Section, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome 00133, Italy.,IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS) 86077, Italy.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Carlo Perricone
- Department of Medicine & Surgery, Rheumatology, University of Perugia, Perugia 06129, Italy
| | - Paola Borgiani
- Department of Biomedicine & Prevention, Genetics Section, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome 00133, Italy
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Yang Z, Lin SD, Zhan F, Liu Y, Zhan YW. LncRNA GAS5 alleviates rheumatoid arthritis through regulating miR-222-3p/Sirt1 signalling axis. Autoimmunity 2020; 54:13-22. [PMID: 33215529 DOI: 10.1080/08916934.2020.1846183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that affects millions of people. Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) located in rheumatoid panni play a pivotal role in the formation of RA. The long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) GAS5 is reportedly downregulated in rheumatoid arthritis. However, its detailed mechanism in RA remains to be explored. This study investigated the roles and related mechanisms of GAS5 in RA. METHODS The expression levels of GAS5, miR-222-3p, and sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) were evaluated by quantitative PCR (qPCR). Cell proliferation was analyzed by CCK-8 and BrdU assays. Cell apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry and western blotting. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was utilized to evaluate the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. The interaction between GAS5 or Sirt1 and miR-222-3p was predicted by starBase and validated by dual-luciferase reporter assay. RESULTS GAS5 expression was found to be downregulated in the serum samples of RA patients and in RA-FLSs. GAS5 overexpression or the inhibition of miR-222-3p impeded the activity of RA-FLSs by repressing their proliferation and inflammation and by promoting apoptosis. Mechanistically, GAS5 indirectly regulates Sirt1 expression by binding miR-222-3p. Further experiments confirmed that Sirt1 overexpression restored the anti-RA activity of GAS5 under miR-222-3p mimic. CONCLUSIONS The miR-222-3p/Sirt1 axis was found to be critical for the function of GAS5 in regulating the proliferation, inflammation, and apoptosis of RA-FLSs. These data indicate GAS5 activation as a potential therapeutic strategy for RA progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Yang
- Department of Rheumatology, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, P. R. China
| | - Shu-Dian Lin
- Department of Rheumatology, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, P. R. China
| | - Feng Zhan
- Department of Rheumatology, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, P. R. China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Rheumatology, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Wei Zhan
- Department of Rheumatology, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, P. R. China
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Tavasolian F, Hosseini AZ, Soudi S, Naderi M. miRNA-146a Improves Immunomodulatory Effects of MSC-derived Exosomes in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Curr Gene Ther 2020; 20:297-312. [DOI: 10.2174/1566523220666200916120708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a severe inflammatory joint disorder, and several
studies have taken note of the probability that microRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in
RA pathogenesis. MiR-146 and miR-155 arose as primary immune response regulators. Mesenchymal
stem cells (MSCs) immunomodulatory function is primarily regulated by paracrine factors,
such as exosomes. Exosomes, which serve as carriers of genetic information in cell-to-cell communication,
transmit miRNAs between cells and have been studied as vehicles for the delivery of therapeutic
molecules.
Aims:
The current research aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of miR-146a/miR-155 transduced
mesenchymal stem cells (MSC)-derived exosomes on the immune response.
Methods:
Here, exosomes were extracted from normal MSCs with over-expressed
miR-146a/miR-155; Splenocytes were isolated from collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) and control
mice. Expression levels miR-146a and miR-155 were then monitored. Flow cytometry was performed
to assess the impact of the exosomes on regulatory T-cell (Treg) levels. Expression of some
key autoimmune response genes and their protein products, including retinoic acid-related orphan
receptor (ROR)-γt, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-17, -6, -10, and transforming
growth factor (TGF)-β in the Splenocytes was determined using both quantitative real-time PCR
and ELISA. The results showed that miR-146a was mainly down-regulated in CIA mice. Treatment
with MSC-derived exosomes and miR-146a/miR-155-transduced MSC-derived exosomes significantly
altered the CIA mice Treg cell levels compared to in control mice.
Results:
Ultimately, such modulation may promote the recovery of appropriate T-cell responses in
inflammatory situations such as RA.
Conclusion:
miR-146a-transduced MSC-derived exosomes also increased forkhead box P3 (Fox-
P3), TGFβ and IL-10 gene expression in the CIA mice; miR-155 further increased the gene expressions
of RORγt, IL-17, and IL-6 in these mice. Based on the findings here, Exosomes appears to
promote the direct intracellular transfer of miRNAs between cells and to represent a possible therapeutic
strategy for RA. The manipulation of MSC-derived exosomes with anti-inflammatory miRNA
may increase Treg cell populations and anti-inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fataneh Tavasolian
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Zavaran Hosseini
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Soudi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmood Naderi
- Cell-Based Therapies Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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30
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Xiu Y, Li Y, Liu X, Li C. Full-length transcriptome sequencing from multiple immune-related tissues of Paralichthys olivaceus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 106:930-937. [PMID: 32927055 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) is an important economical flatfish in Japan, Korea and China, but its production has been greatly threatened by various of diseases. Although RNA-seq has provided valuable insights into the host-pathogen interaction, there are still some disadvantages, such as a short sequencing length, the incomplete or inaccurate splicing. Therefore, we generated a full-length transcriptome using mixed immune-related tissues of P. olivaceus with PacBio Sequel platform. In this study, 379,671 full-length non-chimeric (flnc) reads were generated with average length of 2482 bp, which is longer than any previously reported in P. olivaceus. A total of 66,420 isoforms of transcript were identified, 46,850 of which were novel isoforms of known genes accounting for 70.54%. In addition, 7720 novel genes, 12,540 alternative splicing (AS) events, 9296 alternative polyadenylation (APA) events, 2298 transcription factors (TFs), 10,270 lncRNAs and 5400 fusion transcripts were identified. Furthermore, functional annotation showed that most of the full-length transcripts were enriched in immune-related signaling pathways. Otherwise, the mRNA-miRNA interacting networks confirmed that 28.5% of mRNAs were predicted to be targeted by more than one miRNA. These results facilitate the understanding of gene structure, post-transcriptional regulatory networks, and subsequently proteomic diversity. In conclusion, our study provides the full-length transcriptome from multiple immune-related tissues of P. olivaceus, which is valuable for exploring its immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunji Xiu
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Yingrui Li
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China; College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xiaofei Liu
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China; College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Chao Li
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China.
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31
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Jing H, Zhang Q, Li S, Gao XJ. Pb exposure triggers MAPK-dependent inflammation by activating oxidative stress and miRNA-155 expression in carp head kidney. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 106:219-227. [PMID: 32781208 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is a toxic heavy metal and an aquatic pollutant. Various amounts of heavy metals are released into the environment through industrial discharge, causing excessive contamination of aquatic ecosystems. The head kidney is a unique immune organ of the bony fish and plays an important role in the metabolism of heavy metals. Studies of toxic Pb exposure that have investigated the head kidney of carp are limited. This study was carried out to explore the potential immunotoxicity effects of Pb and the specific related mechanisms in the carp head kidney. Pb poisoning was shown to induce the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and increase the expression levels of phosphorylated proteins related to the MAPK pathway, including p38, extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK), and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). We also found that microRNA-155 played a key role in regulating the production of inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, and the pre-miRNA-155 inhibitor reversed the Pb-induced inflammation. In conclusion, these in vitro and in vivo findings suggest that oxidative stress and the MAPKs are involved in the Pb-induced inflammasome response, and the production of microRNA-155 aggravated the occurrence of inflammation in carp head kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyuan Jing
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Qirui Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Jiao Gao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China.
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Amato G, Vita F, Quattrocchi P, Minciullo PL, Pioggia G, Gangemi S. Involvement of miR-142 and miR-155 in Non-Infectious Complications of CVID. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25204760. [PMID: 33081305 PMCID: PMC7587593 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25204760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is the most prevalent antibody impairment. It is characterized by failure in immunoglobulin and protective antibody generation and defined by an increased tendency toward bacterial infections, autoimmunity, and malignancy. Most CVID diagnoses do not follow a classical Mendelian pattern of inheritance. In recent years, CVID has been considered an epigenetic phenomenon in the majority of cases, overtaking previous monogenetic and/or polygenetic theories. The aim of this study was to review the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in CVID, focusing on the involvement of the same miRNAs in various non-infectious clinical complications of CVID, mainly autoimmunity and/or cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS A bibliographic search of the scientific literature was carried out independently by two researchers in scientific databases and search engines. The MeSH terms "microRNAs" and "common variable immunodeficiency" were used. All research articles from inception to May 2020 were considered. RESULTS The literature data showed the involvement of two miRNAs in primary immunodeficiency: miR-142 and miR-155. Both of these miRNAs have been investigated through mice models, in which miR-142 and miR-155 were deleted. These knock-out (KO) mice models showed phenotypic analogies to CVID patients with hypogammaglobulinemia, adaptive immunodeficiency, polyclonal proliferation, lung disease, and enteric inflammation. miR-142 and miR-155 have been found to be involved in the following autoimmune and neoplastic clinical complications of CVID: Gastric cancer, gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma, natural killer/Tcell lymphoma (NKTCL), and immune thrombocytopenia. CONCLUSIONS miR-142 and miR-155 deregulation leads to similar CVID phenotypesin KO mice models. Although no data are available on the involvement of these miRNAs in human CVID, their dysregulation has been detected in human CVID comorbidities. The literature data show that miRNA sequences in murine models are comparable to those in humans; therefore, miR-142 and miR-155 involvement in human CVID could be hypothesized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuliana Amato
- Operative Unit and School of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (G.A.); (F.V.); (P.Q.); (P.L.M.); (S.G.)
| | - Federica Vita
- Operative Unit and School of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (G.A.); (F.V.); (P.Q.); (P.L.M.); (S.G.)
| | - Paolina Quattrocchi
- Operative Unit and School of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (G.A.); (F.V.); (P.Q.); (P.L.M.); (S.G.)
| | - Paola Lucia Minciullo
- Operative Unit and School of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (G.A.); (F.V.); (P.Q.); (P.L.M.); (S.G.)
| | - Giovanni Pioggia
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 98164 Messina, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Sebastiano Gangemi
- Operative Unit and School of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (G.A.); (F.V.); (P.Q.); (P.L.M.); (S.G.)
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33
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Hegewald AB, Breitwieser K, Ottinger SM, Mobarrez F, Korotkova M, Rethi B, Jakobsson PJ, Catrina AI, Wähämaa H, Saul MJ. Extracellular miR-574-5p Induces Osteoclast Differentiation via TLR 7/8 in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Front Immunol 2020; 11:585282. [PMID: 33154755 PMCID: PMC7591713 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.585282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by synovial inflammation and joint destruction. Cell-derived small extracellular vesicles (sEV) mediate cell-to-cell communication in the synovial microenvironment by carrying microRNAs (miRs), a class of small non-coding RNAs. Herein, we report that sEV from synovial fluid promote osteoclast differentiation which is attributed to high levels of extracellular miR-574-5p. Moreover, we demonstrate for the first time that enhanced osteoclast maturation is mediated by Toll-like receptor (TLR) 7/8 signaling which is activated by miR-574-5p binding. This is a novel mechanism by which sEV and miRs contribute to RA pathogenesis and indicate that pharmacological inhibition of extracellular miR-574-5p might offer new therapeutic strategies to protect osteoclast-mediated bone destruction in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anett B Hegewald
- Department of Biology, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Kai Breitwieser
- Department of Biology, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Sarah M Ottinger
- Department of Biology, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Fariborz Mobarrez
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marina Korotkova
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bence Rethi
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per-Johan Jakobsson
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anca I Catrina
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Heidi Wähämaa
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Meike J Saul
- Department of Biology, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany.,Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
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The Interplay between Transcriptional Factors and MicroRNAs as an Important Factor for Th17/Treg Balance in RA Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197169. [PMID: 32998457 PMCID: PMC7583886 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs regulate gene expression of transcriptional factors, which influence Th17/Treg (regulatory T cells) balance, establishing the molecular mechanism of genetic and epigenetic regulation of Treg and Th17 cells is crucial for understanding rheumatoid arthritis (RA) pathogenesis. The study goal was to understand the potential impact of the selected microRNAs expression profiles on Treg/Th17 cells frequency, RA phenotype, the expression profile of selected microRNAs, and their correlation with the expression profiles of selected transcriptional factors: SOCS1, SMAD3, SMAD4, STAT3, STAT5 in RA; we used osteoarthritis (OA) and healthy controls (HCs) as controls. The study was conducted on 14 RA and 11 OA patients, and 15 HCs. Treg/Th17 frequency was established by flow cytometry. Gene expression analysis was estimated by qPCR. We noticed correlations in RA Th17 cells between miR-26 and SMAD3, STAT3, SOCS1; and miR-155 and STAT3—and in RA Treg cells between miR-26 and SOCS1; miR-31, -155 and SMAD3; and miR-155 and SMAD4. In RA Tregs, we found a negative correlation between miR-26, -126 and STAT5a. The expression level of miR-31 in Th17 cells from RA patients with DAS28 ≤ 5.1 is higher and that for miR-24 is greater in Tregs from patients with DAS28 > 5.1. MiR-146a in Tregs is higher in rheumatoid factor (RF) positive RA patients.
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George G, Shyni GL, Raghu KG. Current and novel therapeutic targets in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Inflammopharmacology 2020; 28:1457-1476. [PMID: 32948901 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-020-00757-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a multifactorial disease characterized by synovitis, cartilage destruction, bone erosion, and periarticular decalcification, finally results in impairment of joint function. Both genetic and environmental factors are risk factors in the development of RA. Unwanted side effects accompany most of the current treatment strategies, and around 20-40% of patients with RA do not clinically benefit from these treatments. The unmet need for new treatment options for RA has prompted research in the development of novel agents acting through physiologically and pharmacologically relevant targets. Here we discuss in detail three critical pathways, Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT), Th17, and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF), and their roles as unique therapeutic targets in the field of RA. Some of the less developed but potential targets like nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain-like receptor containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genu George
- Biochemistry and Molecular Mechanism Laboratory, Agro-Processing and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, Kerala, India
| | - G L Shyni
- Biochemistry and Molecular Mechanism Laboratory, Agro-Processing and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, Kerala, India
| | - K G Raghu
- Biochemistry and Molecular Mechanism Laboratory, Agro-Processing and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, Kerala, India.
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miR-223-3p Inhibits Antigen Endocytosis and Presentation and Promotes the Tolerogenic Potential of Dendritic Cells through Targeting Mannose Receptor Signaling and Rhob. J Immunol Res 2020; 2020:1379458. [PMID: 32656268 PMCID: PMC7320286 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1379458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The role of miR-223-3p in dendritic cells (DCs) is unknown. This study is aimed at investigating the effect of miR-223-3p on the antigen uptake and presentation capacities of DCs and the underlying molecular mechanism. Methods FITC-OVA antigen uptake and cell surface markers in bone marrow-derived DCs (BMDCs) were analyzed by flow cytometry. BMDCs were transfected with the miR-223-3p mimic or inhibitor. Cytokine levels were determined by ELISA. CD4+ T cell differentiation was determined by mixed lymphocyte culture assay. Results OVA treatment significantly downregulated miR-223-3p in BMDCs. The miR-223-3p mimic significantly inhibited OVA-induced antigen uptake and surface expression of MHC-II on BMDCs (P < 0.01). The miR-223-3p mimic increased TGF-β1 production in OVA-treated DCs (P < 0.01). Mixed lymphocyte reaction showed that the miR-223-3p mimic significantly promoted Treg cell differentiation. In addition, the miR-223-3p mimic significantly upregulated CD103 in DCs, indicating the promotion of tolerogenic DCs. The miR-223-3p mimic downregulated Rhob protein in OVA-induced DCs. Rhob knockdown significantly suppressed the ability of FITC-OVA endocytosis (P < 0.01) and surface MHC-II molecule expression (P < 0.01) in BMDCs, promoting promoted Treg cell differentiation. Mannose receptor (MR) knockdown significantly upregulated miR-223-3p, downregulated Rhob protein in OVA-treated DCs, inhibited the FITC-OVA endocytosis and surface MHC-II expression in BMDCs, and promoted Treg cell differentiation (all P < 0.01). Conclusion These data suggest that miR-223-3p has an inhibitory effect on the antigen uptake and presentation capacities of BMDCs and promotes Treg cell differentiation, which is, at least partially, through targeting MR signaling and Rhob.
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Mohammadzadeh I, Qujeq D, Yousefi T, Ferns GA, Maniati M, Vaghari-Tabari M. CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing: A new therapeutic approach in the treatment of infection and autoimmunity. IUBMB Life 2020; 72:1603-1621. [PMID: 32344465 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
CRISPR/Cas9 (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein9) may be viewed as an adaptive bacterial immune system. When a virus infects a bacterium, a fragment of the virus genome is inserted into the CRISPR sequence of the bacterial genome as a memory. When the bacterium becomes infected again with the same virus, an RNA molecule that is a transcript of the memory sequence, directs Cas9, an endonuclease, to the complementary region of the virus genome, and Cas9 disables the virus by a double-strand break. In recent years, studies have shown that by designing synthetic RNA molecules and delivering them along with Cas9 into eukaryotic cells, different regions of the cell's genome can be targeted and manipulated. These findings have drawn much attention to this new technology and it has been shown that CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing can be used to treat some human diseases. These include infectious diseases and autoimmune diseases. In this review article, in addition to a brief overview of the biology of the CRISPR/Cas9 system, we collected the most recent findings on the applications of CRISPR/Cas9 technology for better investigation of the pathogenesis and treatment of viral infections (human immunodeficiency virus infection, hepatitis virus infections, and onco-virus infections), non-viral infections (parasitic, fungal, and bacterial infections), and autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iraj Mohammadzadeh
- Non-Communicable Pediatric Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Durdi Qujeq
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center (CMBRC), Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Tooba Yousefi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Gordon A Ferns
- Department of Medical Education, Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Brighton, UK
| | - Mahmood Maniati
- English Department, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mostafa Vaghari-Tabari
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Lopez-Pedrera C, Barbarroja N, Patiño-Trives AM, Luque-Tévar M, Torres-Granados C, Aguirre-Zamorano MA, Collantes-Estevez E, Pérez-Sánchez C. Role of microRNAs in the Development of Cardiovascular Disease in Systemic Autoimmune Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E2012. [PMID: 32188016 PMCID: PMC7139533 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21062012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) are the systemic autoimmune diseases (SADs) most associated with an increased risk of developing cardiovascular (CV) events. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) in SADs results from a complex interaction between traditional CV-risk factors, immune deregulation and disease activity. Oxidative stress, dyslipidemia, endothelial dysfunction, inflammatory/prothrombotic mediators (cytokines/chemokines, adipokines, proteases, adhesion-receptors, NETosis-derived-products, and intracellular-signaling molecules) have been implicated in these vascular pathologies. Genetic and genomic analyses further allowed the identification of signatures explaining the pro-atherothrombotic profiles in RA, SLE and APS. However, gene modulation has left significant gaps in our understanding of CV co-morbidities in SADs. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are emerging as key post-transcriptional regulators of a suite of signaling pathways and pathophysiological effects. Abnormalities in high number of miRNA and their associated functions have been described in several SADs, suggesting their involvement in the development of atherosclerosis and thrombosis in the setting of RA, SLE and APS. This review focusses on recent insights into the potential role of miRNAs both, as clinical biomarkers of atherosclerosis and thrombosis in SADs, and as therapeutic targets in the regulation of the most influential processes that govern those disorders, highlighting the potential diagnostic and therapeutic properties of miRNAs in the management of CVD.
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miRNAs Regulate Cytokine Secretion Induced by Phosphorylated S100A8/A9 in Neutrophils. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20225699. [PMID: 31739406 PMCID: PMC6887701 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The release of cytokines by neutrophils constitutes an essential process in the development of inflammation by recruiting and activating additional cells. Neutrophils are also able to secrete a complex of S100A8 and S100A9 proteins (S100A8/A9), which can amplify the general inflammatory state of the host and is involved in the pathogenesis of several chronic inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). S100A8/A9 have received renewed attention due to their susceptibility to several function-altering post-translational modifications. In that context, it has been recently demonstrated that only the phosphorylated form of S100A8/A9 (S100A8/A9-P) is able to induce the secretion of several cytokines in neutrophils. Here, we investigate the mechanism by which this post-translational modification of S100A8/A9 can regulate the extracellular activity of the protein complex and its impact on the inflammatory functions of neutrophils. We found that S100A8/A9-P are present in large amounts in the synovial fluids from RA patients, highlighting the importance of this form of S100A8/A9 complex in the inflammation process. Using miRNA-sequencing on S100A8/A9-P-stimulated differentiated HL-60 cells, we identified a dysregulation of miR-146a-5p and miR-155-5p expression through TRL4 signaling pathways. Our data reveal that overexpression of these miRNAs in neutrophil-like cells reduces S100A8/A9-P-mediated secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
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Mortazavi‐Jahromi SS, Aslani M, Omidian S, Ahmadzadeh A, Rezaieyazdi Z, Mirshafiey A. Immunopharmacological effect of β‐
d
‐mannuronic acid (M2000), as a new immunosuppressive drug, on gene expression of miR‐155 and its target molecules (SOCS1, SHIP1) in a clinical trial on rheumatoid arthritis patients. Drug Dev Res 2019; 81:295-304. [DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mona Aslani
- Department of Immunology, School of Public HealthTehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Saiedeh Omidian
- Department of Immunology, School of Public HealthTehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Arman Ahmadzadeh
- Department of Rheumatology, Loghman Hakim HospitalShahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Zahra Rezaieyazdi
- Rheumatic Diseases Research CenterMashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Abbas Mirshafiey
- Department of Immunology, School of Public HealthTehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
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Evangelatos G, Fragoulis GE, Koulouri V, Lambrou GI. MicroRNAs in rheumatoid arthritis: From pathogenesis to clinical impact. Autoimmun Rev 2019; 18:102391. [PMID: 31520804 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2019.102391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Over the last decade, many epigenetic mechanisms that contribute in the pathogenesis of autoimmune disorders have been revealed. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding, RNA molecules that bind to messenger RNAs and disrupt the transcription of target genes. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease in which a plethora of epigenetic changes take place. Current research on RA epigenetics has focused mainly on miRNAs. Genetic variance of some miRNA genes, especially miR-499, might predispose an individual to RA development. Additionally, altered expression of many miRNAs has been discovered in several cells, tissues and body fluids in patients with RA. MiRNAs expression also differs depending on disease's stage and activity. Serum miR-22 and miR-103a might predict RA development in susceptible individuals (pre-RA), while serum miR-16, miR-24, miR-125a and miR-223 levels are altered in early RA (disease duration <12 months) patients compared to established RA or healthy individuals. Moreover, serum miR-223 levels have been associated with RA activity and disease relapse. What is more, serum levels of several miRNAs, including miR-125b and miR-223, could be used to predict response to RA treatment. Finally, miRNA analogs or antagonists have been used as therapeutic regimens in experimental arthritis models and have demonstrated promising results. In conclusion, the research on the miRNA alterations in RA sheds light to several aspects of RA pathogenesis, introduces new biomarkers for RA diagnosis and treatment response prediction and offers the opportunity to discover new, targeted drugs for patients with RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerasimos Evangelatos
- Rheumatology Department, 417 Army Share Fund Hospital (NMTS), Athens, Greece; Postgraduate Program "Metabolic Bone Diseases", School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece.
| | - George E Fragoulis
- Rheumatology Unit, First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
| | - Vassiliki Koulouri
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
| | - George I Lambrou
- Postgraduate Program "Metabolic Bone Diseases", School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Choremeio Research Laboratory, First Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
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Roy S, Awasthi A. Emerging roles of noncoding RNAs in T cell differentiation and functions in autoimmune diseases. Int Rev Immunol 2019; 38:232-245. [PMID: 31411520 DOI: 10.1080/08830185.2019.1648454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Noncoding RNA comprises of microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) that are abundantly present in mammalian transcriptome. These noncoding RNAs have been implicated in multiple biological processes through the regulation of gene expression. Each of these noncoding RNAs were found to have multiple genes targets. Emerging literature indicated the role of noncoding RNAs in shaping the immune responses which include immune cell development, helper T (Th) cell differentiation as well as maintenance of immune homeostasis by inducing the interplay between effector and regulatory T cells. Dysregulated expression and functions of noncoding RNAs in the immune system leads to aberrations in immune response that lead to the induction of tissue inflammation in autoimmune diseases. In this review, we summarize the current advances of post-transcriptional regulation, focusing on the functions of noncoding RNAs (miRNAs and lncRNAs) during differentiation of Th cells in tissue inflammation in autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyasha Roy
- Immuno-Biology Lab, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute , Faridabad , India
| | - Amit Awasthi
- Immuno-Biology Lab, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute , Faridabad , India
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Wang S, Zheng Y, Hu Z, Wang Z, Zhang Y, Wei L. Downregulated miR‑302d‑3p promotes chondrocyte proliferation and migration by regulation of Unc‑51‑like kinase 1. Int J Mol Med 2019; 44:1039-1047. [PMID: 31524222 PMCID: PMC6657954 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common musculoskeletal disease and is related to the function of chondrocytes. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of miR-302d-3p on chondrocytes. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) was conducted to detect mRNA expression, while western blotting was performed to investigate protein expression in these cells. RNAs mimics, inhibitors and small interfering (si)RNAs were respectively transfected into chondrocytes (CHON-001 cell line), after which, a Cell Counting Kit-8 assay was performed to detect chondrocyte viability. Giemsa staining of the cells was also conducted to analyze the colony formation ability of the cells. Additionally, cell apoptosis was evaluated with an apoptosis detection kit using flow cytometry. A scratch-wound assay was conducted to investigate cell migration. Bioinformatics analysis using TargetScan 7.2 revealed the potential the target gene of microRNA (miR)-302d-3p; a dual luciferase reporter assay determined the target gene. Suppression of miR-302d-3p increased the viability of cells, cell colony number and migration; CHON-001 cell apoptosis was also inhibited. miR-302d-3p mimics decreased the luciferase activity of reporter plasmids containing the wild-type 3′-untranslated region of Unc-51-like kinase 1 (ULK1). siULK1 decreased CHON-001 cell viability and migration. Furthermore, siULK1 promoted the expression of phosphorylated IκBα and p65, while miR-302d-3p inhibitor suppressed the expression of phosphorylated IκBα and p65. Inhibition of miR-302d-3p could promote the proliferation and migration, and inhibit the apoptosis of chondrocytes, potentially by upregulating ULK1; thus, inflammation may be suppressed. The findings of the present study suggest miR-302d-3p and ULK1 as potential therapeutic targets for the prevention and treatment of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangzeng Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, P.R. China
| | - Yongzhi Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, P.R. China
| | - Zheng Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Changsha Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha Eighth Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410100, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Graduate School of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, P.R. China
| | - Yingjie Zhang
- Graduate School of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, P.R. China
| | - Licheng Wei
- Department of Orthopedics, Changsha Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha Eighth Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410100, P.R. China
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Liu L, Zuo Y, Xu Y, Zhang Z, Li Y, Pang J. MiR-613 inhibits proliferation and invasion and induces apoptosis of rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts by direct down-regulation of DKK1. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2019; 24:8. [PMID: 31019537 PMCID: PMC6474051 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-018-0130-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the effects of miR-613 on the proliferation, invasion and apoptosis of rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts (RASFs). METHODS Synovial tissue samples were collected from 20 rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and 10 patients with joint trauma undergoing joint replacement surgery. The RASFs were isolated and cultured. MiR-613 and DKK1 expression in both synovial tissues and cells was detected using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Dual luciferase reporter gene assay was employed to evaluate the effect of miR-613 on the luciferase activity of DKK1. Then RASFs were transfected with miR-613 mimics, si-DKK1 and pcDNA-DKK1. Changes in cellular proliferation, invasion and apoptosis were detected through BrdU assay, Transwell invasion assay and flow cytometry analysis, respectively. RESULTS MiR-613 was significantly down-regulated in RA tissues and RASFs compared to normal tissues and cells, whereas DKK1 was up-regulated in RA tissues and RASFs. Dual luciferase reporter gene assay showed that miR-613 could specifically bind to the 3'UTR of DKK1 and significantly inhibit the luciferase activity. Moreover, miR-613 significantly reduced the expression of DKK1. Overexpression of miR-613 or knockdown of DKK1 suppressed proliferation and invasion of RASFs, and induced RASF apoptosis. The reverse results were observed when DKK1 was up-regulated in miR-613-overexpressing RASFs. CONCLUSIONS MiR-613 can inhibit proliferation and invasion and induce apoptosis of RASFs by directly targeting DKK1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, 061000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanhua Zuo
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, 061000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Xu
- The Second Nephrology Department, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, 061000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zongfang Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, 061000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, 061000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Pang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, 061000 People’s Republic of China
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Jung N, Bueb JL, Tolle F, Bréchard S. Regulation of neutrophil pro-inflammatory functions sheds new light on the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 165:170-180. [PMID: 30862503 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
For more than two centuries now, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is under investigation intending to discover successful treatment. Despite decades of scientific advances, RA is still representing a challenge for contemporary medicine. Current drug therapies allow to improve significantly the quality of life of RA patients; however, they are still insufficient to reverse tissue injury and are often generating side-effects. The difficulty arises from the considerable fluctuation of the clinical course of RA among patients, making the predictive prognosis difficult. More and more studies underline the profound influence of the neutrophil multifaceted functions in the pathogenesis of RA. This renewed interest in the complexity of neutrophil functions in RA offers new exciting opportunities for valuable therapeutic targets as well as for safe and well-tolerated RA treatments. In this review, we aim to update the recent findings on the multiple facets of neutrophils in RA, in particular their impact in promoting the RA-based inflammation through the release of the cytokine-like S100A8/A9 protein complex, as well as the importance of NETosis in the disease progression and development. Furthermore, we delve into the complex question of neutrophil heterogeneity and plasticity and discuss the emerging role of miRNAs and epigenetic markers influencing the inflammatory response of neutrophils in RA and how they could constitute the starting point for novel attractive targets in RA therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Jung
- Life Sciences Research Unit, Immune Cells and Inflammatory Diseases group, University of Luxembourg, 6 Avenue du Swing, L-4367 Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - J-L Bueb
- Life Sciences Research Unit, Immune Cells and Inflammatory Diseases group, University of Luxembourg, 6 Avenue du Swing, L-4367 Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - F Tolle
- Life Sciences Research Unit, Immune Cells and Inflammatory Diseases group, University of Luxembourg, 6 Avenue du Swing, L-4367 Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - S Bréchard
- Life Sciences Research Unit, Immune Cells and Inflammatory Diseases group, University of Luxembourg, 6 Avenue du Swing, L-4367 Belvaux, Luxembourg.
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Lozano C, Duroux-Richard I, Firat H, Schordan E, Apparailly F. MicroRNAs: Key Regulators to Understand Osteoclast Differentiation? Front Immunol 2019; 10:375. [PMID: 30899258 PMCID: PMC6416164 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding single-stranded RNAs that represent important posttranscriptional regulators of protein-encoding genes. In particular, miRNAs play key roles in regulating cellular processes such as proliferation, migration, and cell differentiation. Recently, miRNAs emerged as critical regulators of osteoclasts (OCs) biology and have been involved in OCs pathogenic role in several disorders. OCs are multinucleated cells generated from myeloid precursors in the bone marrow, specialized in bone resorption. While there is a growing number of information on the cytokines and signaling pathways that are critical to control the differentiation of osteoclast precursors (OCPs) into mature OCs, the connection between OC differentiation steps and miRNAs is less well-understood. The present review will first summarize our current understanding of the miRNA-regulated pathways in the sequential steps required for OC formation, from the motility and migration of OCPs to the cell-cell fusion and the final formation of the actin ring and ruffled border in the functionally resorbing multinucleated OCs. Then, considering the difficulty of working on primary OCs and on the generation of robust data we will give an update on the most recent advances in the detection technologies for miRNAs quantification and how these are of particular interest for the understanding of OC biology and their use as potential biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Lozano
- IRMB, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Immunology Department, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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miR-155 Predicts Long-Term Mortality in Critically Ill Patients Younger than 65 Years. Mediators Inflamm 2019; 2019:6714080. [PMID: 30918471 PMCID: PMC6409014 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6714080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Alterations in miR-155 serum levels have been described in inflammatory and infectious diseases. Moreover, a role for miR-155 in aging and age-related diseases was recently suggested. We therefore analyzed a potential age-dependent prognostic value of circulating miR-155 as a serum-based marker in critical illness. Methods Concentrations of circulating miR-155 were determined in 218 critically ill patients and 76 healthy controls. Results By using qPCR, we demonstrate that miR-155 serum levels are elevated in patients with critical illness when compared to controls. Notably, levels of circulating miR-155 were independent on the severity of disease, the disease etiology, or the presence of sepsis. In the total cohort, miR-155 was not an indicator for patient survival. Intriguingly, when patients were subdivided according to their age upon admission to the ICU into those younger than 65 years, lower levels of miR-155 turned out as a strong marker, indicating patient mortality with a similar accuracy than other markers frequently used to evaluate critically ill patients on a medical ICU. Conclusion In summary, the data provided within this study suggest an age-specific role of miR-155 as a prognostic biomarker in patients younger than 65 years. Our study is the first to describe an age-dependent miRNA-based prognostic biomarker in human diseases.
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MicroRNA-132, miR-146a, and miR-155 as potential biomarkers of methotrexate response in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Rheumatol 2018; 38:877-884. [PMID: 30511295 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-018-4380-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients have high expression levels of hsa-miR-132-3p, hsa-miR-146a-5p, and hsa-miR-155-5p in peripheral blood. We studied if baseline blood levels of these microRNAs (miRNAs) could predict response to methotrexate (MTX). METHODS RA patients (the American College of Rheumatology (ACR)/European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) criteria) with active disease (disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug (DMARD)-naïve and Disease Activity Score 28 (DAS28) > 3.2) were enrolled. They were treated with MTX by gradually increasing dose up to 25 mg/week. After 4 months, the DAS28 score was calculated and EULAR response was assessed. The hsa-miR-132-3p, hsa-miR-146a-5p, and hsa-miR-155-5p levels were measured by real-time qPCR in whole-blood RNA at baseline and 4 months after therapy, using hsa-let-7a-5p as housekeeping gene. Results are expressed as median (interquartile range). RESULTS The 94 enrolled patients (81 females) had a median age of 40 (17) years, disease duration of (24) months, and DAS28 4.61 (1.11). After 4 months of therapy, 73 were classified as responders and 21 as non-responders. Baseline levels of all three miRNAs were lower in responders than non-responders, hsa-miR-132-3p (- 8.03 (0.70) versus - 7.47 (0.85), P < 0.05), hsa-miR-146a-5p (- 5.11 (0.88) versus - 4.62 (0.90), P < 0.05), and hsa-miR-155-5p (- 7.59 (1.07) versus - 7 (0.72), P = 0.002). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that all three miRNAs were also good predictors of MTX response, showing the following values: hsa-miR-132-3p (area under curve (AUC) 0.756, P < 0.05), hsa-miR-146a-5p (AUC 0.760, P < 0.05), and hsa-miR-155-5p (AUC 0.728, P = 0.002). CONCLUSION hsa-miR-132-3p, hsa-miR-146a-5p, and hsa-miR-155-5p are potential biomarkers of responsiveness to MTX therapy.
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Dupuis ML, Conti F, Maselli A, Pagano MT, Ruggieri A, Anticoli S, Fragale A, Gabriele L, Gagliardi MC, Sanchez M, Ceccarelli F, Alessandri C, Valesini G, Ortona E, Pierdominici M. The Natural Agonist of Estrogen Receptor β Silibinin Plays an Immunosuppressive Role Representing a Potential Therapeutic Tool in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1903. [PMID: 30174672 PMCID: PMC6107853 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogens, in particular 17β-estradiol (E2), have a strong influence on the immune system and also affect pathological conditions such as autoimmune diseases. The biological effects of E2 are mediated by two intracellular receptors, i.e., estrogen receptor (ER)α and ERβ, which function as ligand-activated nuclear transcription factors producing genomic effects. Immune cells express both ERα and ERβ that play a complex role in modulating inflammation. Phytoestrogens display estrogen-like effects. Among them, silibinin, the major active constituent of silymarin extracted by the milk thistle (Silybum marianum), has been suggested to have an ERβ selective binding. Silibinin is known to have anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, and anticarcinogenic effects; however, the role of silibinin in modulating human immune responses and its impact on autoimmunity remains unclear. Aim of this study was to dissect the ability of the ERβ natural ligand silibinin to modulate T cell immunity, taking into account possible differences between females and males, and to define its possible role as therapeutic tool in immune-mediated diseases. To this purpose, female and age-matched male healthy subjects and patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were recruited. We evaluated the ability of silibinin to modulate ERβ expression in T lymphocytes and its effects on T cell functions (i.e., apoptosis, proliferation, and cytokine production). We also analyzed whether silibinin was able to modulate the expression of microRNA-155 (miR-155), which strongly contributes to the pathogenesis of RA driving aberrant activation of the immune system. We demonstrated that silibinin upregulated ERβ expression, induced apoptosis, inhibited proliferation, and reduced expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-17 and TNF-α, through ERβ binding, in T lymphocytes from female and male healthy donors. We obtained similar results in T lymphocytes from patients with active RA in term of apoptosis, proliferation, and cytokine production. In addition, we found that silibinin acted as an epigenetic modifier, down-modulating the expression of miR-155. In conclusion, our data demonstrated an immunosuppressive role of silibinin, supporting its application in the treatment of autoimmune diseases as drug, but also as dietary nutritional supplement, opening new perspective in the field of autoimmune disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Luisa Dupuis
- Center for Gender Specific Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Conti
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Maselli
- Center for Gender Specific Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Pagano
- Center for Gender Specific Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Ruggieri
- Center for Gender Specific Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Simona Anticoli
- Center for Gender Specific Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Fragale
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Lucia Gabriele
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Fulvia Ceccarelli
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Cristiano Alessandri
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Guido Valesini
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Ortona
- Center for Gender Specific Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Marina Pierdominici
- Center for Gender Specific Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
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