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Yang L, Liu D, Jiang S, Li H, Chen L, Wu Y, Essien AE, Opoku M, Naranmandakh S, Liu S, Ru Q, Li Y. SIRT1 signaling pathways in sarcopenia: Novel mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 177:116917. [PMID: 38908209 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is an aging-related skeletal disease characterized by decreased muscle mass, strength, and physical function, severely affecting the quality of life (QoL) of the elderly population. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), as a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent histone deacetylases, has been reported to participate in various aging-related signaling pathways and exert protective effect on many human diseases. SIRT1 functioned as an important role in the occurrence and progression of sarcopenia through regulating key pathways related to protein homeostasis, apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction, insulin resistance and autophagy in skeletal muscle, including SIRT1/Forkhead Box O (FoxO), AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/SIRT1/nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), SIRT1/p53, AMPK/SIRT1/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), and SIRT1/live kinase B1 (LKB1)/AMPK pathways. However, the specific mechanisms of these processes have not been fully illuminated. Currently, several SIRT1-mediated interventions on sarcopenia have been preliminarily developed, such as SIRT1 activator polyphenolic compounds, exercising and calorie restriction. In this review, we summarized the predominant mechanisms of SIRT1 involved in sarcopenia and therapeutic modalities targeting the SIRT1 signaling pathways for the prevention and prognosis of sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luning Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Di Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Shide Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Central Hospital of Yongzhou, Yongzhou 425000, China
| | - Hengzhen Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Health and Physical Education, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Yuxiang Wu
- Department of Health and Physical Education, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Anko Elijah Essien
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Michael Opoku
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Shinen Naranmandakh
- Department of chemistry, School of Arts and Sciences, National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar 14201, Mongolia
| | - ShuGuang Liu
- Department of Joint Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Qin Ru
- Department of Health and Physical Education, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China.
| | - Yusheng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China.
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Romero-Herrera I, Nogales F, Gallego-López MDC, Díaz-Castro J, Carreras O, Ojeda ML. Selenium supplementation via modulation of selenoproteins ameliorates binge drinking-induced oxidative, energetic, metabolic, and endocrine imbalance in adolescent rats' skeletal muscle. Food Funct 2024; 15:7988-8007. [PMID: 38984595 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo01354a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Adolescence is characterized by increased vulnerability to addiction and ethanol (EtOH) toxicity, particularly through binge drinking (BD), a favored acute EtOH-ingestion pattern among teenagers. BD, highly pro-oxidant, induces oxidative stress (OS), affecting skeletal muscle (SKM), where selenium (Se), an antioxidant element and catalytic center of selenoproteins, is stored, among other tissues. Investigating the effects of Se supplementation on SKM after BD exposure holds therapeutic promise. For this, we randomised 32 adolescent Wistar rats into 4 groups, exposed or not to intermittent i.p. BD [BD and control (C)] (3 g EtOH per kg per day), and supplemented with selenite [BDSe and CSe] (0.4 ppm). In SKM, we examined the oxidative balance, energy status (AMPK, SIRT-1), protein turnover (IRS-1, Akt1, mTOR, IGF-1, NF-κB p65, MAFbx, ULK1, pelF2α), serum myokines (myostatin, IL-6, FGF21, irisin, BDNF, IL-15, fractalkine, FSTL-1, FABP-3), and selenoproteins (GPx1, GPx4, SelM, SelP). In the pancreas, we studied the oxidative balance and SIRT-1 expression. Selenite supplementation mitigated BD-induced OS by enhancing the expression of selenoproteins, which restored oxidative balance, notably stimulating protein synthesis and normalizing the myokine profile, leading to improved SKM mass growth and metabolism, and reduced inflammation and apoptosis (caspase-3). Selenite restoration of SelP's receptor LRP1 expression, reduced by BD, outlines the crucial role of SKM in the SelP cycle, linking Se levels to SKM development. Furthermore, Se attenuated pancreatic OS, preserving insulin secretion. Se supplementation shows potential for alleviating SKM damage from BD, with additional beneficial endocrine effects on the pancreas, adipose tissue, liver, heart and brain that position it as a broad-spectrum treatment for adolescent alcohol consumption, preventing metabolic diseases in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inés Romero-Herrera
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, C/Professor García González 2, 41012-Seville, Spain.
| | - Fátima Nogales
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, C/Professor García González 2, 41012-Seville, Spain.
| | - María Del Carmen Gallego-López
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, C/Professor García González 2, 41012-Seville, Spain.
| | - Javier Díaz-Castro
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", University of Granada, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, 18071-Armilla, Granada, Spain.
- Department of Physiology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Olimpia Carreras
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, C/Professor García González 2, 41012-Seville, Spain.
| | - María Luisa Ojeda
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, C/Professor García González 2, 41012-Seville, Spain.
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Ihalainen JK, Mikkonen RS, Ackerman KE, Heikura IA, Mjøsund K, Valtonen M, Hackney AC. Beyond Menstrual Dysfunction: Does Altered Endocrine Function Caused by Problematic Low Energy Availability Impair Health and Sports Performance in Female Athletes? Sports Med 2024:10.1007/s40279-024-02065-6. [PMID: 38995599 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-024-02065-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Low energy availability, particularly when problematic (i.e., prolonged and/or severe), has numerous negative consequences for health and sports performance as characterized in relative energy deficiency in sport. These consequences may be driven by disturbances in endocrine function, although scientific evidence clearly linking endocrine dysfunction to decreased sports performance and blunted or diminished training adaptations is limited. We describe how low energy availability-induced changes in sex hormones manifest as menstrual dysfunction and accompanying hormonal dysfunction in other endocrine axes that lead to adverse health outcomes, including negative bone health, impaired metabolic activity, undesired outcomes for body composition, altered immune response, problematic cardiovascular outcomes, iron deficiency, as well as impaired endurance performance and force production, all of which ultimately may influence athlete health and performance. Where identifiable menstrual dysfunction indicates hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis dysfunction, concomitant disturbances in other hormonal axes and their impact on the athlete's health and sports performance must be recognized as well. Given that the margin between podium positions and "losing" in competitive sports can be very small, several important questions regarding low energy availability, endocrinology, and the mechanisms behind impaired training adaptations and sports performance have yet to be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna K Ihalainen
- Biology of Physical Activity, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, PO Box 35, 40014, Jyväskylä, Finland.
- Finnish Institute of High Performance Sport KIHU, Jyväskylä, Finland.
| | - Ritva S Mikkonen
- Biology of Physical Activity, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, PO Box 35, 40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
- Sports Technology Unit, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Vuokatti, Finland
| | - Kathryn E Ackerman
- Wu Tsai Female Athlete Program, Division of Sports Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Neuroendocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ida A Heikura
- Canadian Sport Institute-Pacific, Victoria, BC, Canada
- Exercise Science, Physical and Health Education, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Katja Mjøsund
- Paavo Nurmi Centre and Unit for Health and Physical Activity, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- National Olympic Training Centre Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Maarit Valtonen
- Finnish Institute of High Performance Sport KIHU, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Anthony C Hackney
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Cornwell AB, Zhang Y, Thondamal M, Johnson DW, Thakar J, Samuelson AV. The C. elegans Myc-family of transcription factors coordinate a dynamic adaptive response to dietary restriction. GeroScience 2024:10.1007/s11357-024-01197-x. [PMID: 38878153 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01197-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Dietary restriction (DR), the process of decreasing overall food consumption over an extended period of time, has been shown to increase longevity across evolutionarily diverse species and delay the onset of age-associated diseases in humans. In Caenorhabditis elegans, the Myc-family transcription factors (TFs) MXL-2 (Mlx) and MML-1 (MondoA/ChREBP), which function as obligate heterodimers, and PHA-4 (orthologous to FOXA) are both necessary for the full physiological benefits of DR. However, the adaptive transcriptional response to DR and the role of MML-1::MXL-2 and PHA-4 remains elusive. We identified the transcriptional signature of C. elegans DR, using the eat-2 genetic model, and demonstrate broad changes in metabolic gene expression in eat-2 DR animals, which requires both mxl-2 and pha-4. While the requirement for these factors in DR gene expression overlaps, we found many of the DR genes exhibit an opposing change in relative gene expression in eat-2;mxl-2 animals compared to wild-type, which was not observed in eat-2 animals with pha-4 loss. Surprisingly, we discovered more than 2000 genes synthetically dysregulated in eat-2;mxl-2, out of which the promoters of down-regulated genes were substantially enriched for PQM-1 and ELT-1/3 GATA TF binding motifs. We further show functional deficiencies of the mxl-2 loss in DR outside of lifespan, as eat-2;mxl-2 animals exhibit substantially smaller brood sizes and lay a proportion of dead eggs, indicating that MML-1::MXL-2 has a role in maintaining the balance between resource allocation to the soma and to reproduction under conditions of chronic food scarcity. While eat-2 animals do not show a significantly different metabolic rate compared to wild-type, we also find that loss of mxl-2 in DR does not affect the rate of oxygen consumption in young animals. The gene expression signature of eat-2 mutant animals is consistent with optimization of energy utilization and resource allocation, rather than induction of canonical gene expression changes associated with acute metabolic stress, such as induction of autophagy after TORC1 inhibition. Consistently, eat-2 animals are not substantially resistant to stress, providing further support to the idea that chronic DR may benefit healthspan and lifespan through efficient use of limited resources rather than broad upregulation of stress responses, and also indicates that MML-1::MXL-2 and PHA-4 may have distinct roles in promotion of benefits in response to different pro-longevity stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam B Cornwell
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Manjunatha Thondamal
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
- MURTI Centre and Department of Biotechnology, School of Technology, Gandhi Institute of Technology and Management (GITAM), Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, 530045, India
| | - David W Johnson
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
- Department of Math and Science, Genesee Community College, One College Rd, Batavia, NY, 14020, USA
| | - Juilee Thakar
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Andrew V Samuelson
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
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Chmielewski PP, Data K, Strzelec B, Farzaneh M, Anbiyaiee A, Zaheer U, Uddin S, Sheykhi-Sabzehpoush M, Mozdziak P, Zabel M, Dzięgiel P, Kempisty B. Human Aging and Age-Related Diseases: From Underlying Mechanisms to Pro-Longevity Interventions. Aging Dis 2024:AD.2024.0280. [PMID: 38913049 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2024.0280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
As human life expectancy continues to rise, becoming a pressing global concern, it brings into focus the underlying mechanisms of aging. The increasing lifespan has led to a growing elderly population grappling with age-related diseases (ARDs), which strains healthcare systems and economies worldwide. While human senescence was once regarded as an immutable and inexorable phenomenon, impervious to interventions, the emerging field of geroscience now offers innovative approaches to aging, holding the promise of extending the period of healthspan in humans. Understanding the intricate links between aging and pathologies is essential in addressing the challenges presented by aging populations. A substantial body of evidence indicates shared mechanisms and pathways contributing to the development and progression of various ARDs. Consequently, novel interventions targeting the intrinsic mechanisms of aging have the potential to delay the onset of diverse pathological conditions, thereby extending healthspan. In this narrative review, we discuss the most promising methods and interventions aimed at modulating aging, which harbor the potential to mitigate ARDs in the future. We also outline the complexity of senescence and review recent empirical evidence to identify rational strategies for promoting healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Pawel Chmielewski
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Data
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Bartłomiej Strzelec
- 2nd Department of General Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Medical University Hospital, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Maryam Farzaneh
- Fertility, Infertility and Perinatology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Amir Anbiyaiee
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Uzma Zaheer
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, The University of Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Institute and Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | - Paul Mozdziak
- Graduate Physiology Program, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Maciej Zabel
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
- Division of Anatomy and Histology, The University of Zielona Góra, Poland
| | - Piotr Dzięgiel
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Bartosz Kempisty
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland
- Physiology Graduate Faculty, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
- Center of Assisted Reproduction, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital and Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
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Zhang TR, Chiang CH, Hsu TC, Wang CY, Chen CY. Age and dietary restriction modulate mitochondrial quality in quadriceps femoris muscle of male mice. Biogerontology 2024; 25:447-459. [PMID: 38183523 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-023-10086-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Dietary restriction (DR) is a potential intervention for ameliorating ageing-related damages. Mitochondrial quality control is the key mechanism for regulating cellular functions in skeletal muscle. This study aimed to explore the effect of age and DR on the homeostasis of mitochondrial quality control in skeletal muscle. To study the effect of age on mitochondrial homeostasis, young (3 months old) male C57BL/6J mice were fed ad libitum (AL) until 7 (Young), 14 (Middle), and 19 months (Aged) of age. For the DR intervention, 60% of AL intake was given to the mice at 3 months of age until they reached 19 months of age (16 months). The quadriceps femoris muscle was collected for further analysis. Significant changes in the skeletal muscle were noticed during the transition between middle age and the elderly stages. An accumulation of collagen was observed in the muscle after middle age. Compared with the Middle muscle, Aged muscle displayed a greater expression of VDAC, and lower expressions of mitochondrial dynamic proteins and OXPHOS proteins. The DR intervention attenuated collagen content and elongated the sarcomere length in the skeletal muscle during ageing. In addition, DR adjusted the abnormalities in mitochondrial morphology in the Aged muscle. DR downregulated VDAC expression, but upregulated OPA1 and DRP1 expressions. Taken together, greater pathological changes were noticed in the skeletal muscle during ageing, especially in the transition between middle age and the elderly, whereas early-onset DR attenuated the muscular ageing via normalising partial functions of mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Rui Zhang
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, No. 50, Lane 155, Sec 3, Keelung Rd, Taipei, 10672, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsien Chiang
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, No. 50, Lane 155, Sec 3, Keelung Rd, Taipei, 10672, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chieh Hsu
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, No. 50, Lane 155, Sec 3, Keelung Rd, Taipei, 10672, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yun Wang
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, No. 50, Lane 155, Sec 3, Keelung Rd, Taipei, 10672, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yi Chen
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, No. 50, Lane 155, Sec 3, Keelung Rd, Taipei, 10672, Taiwan.
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Deprez A, Poletto Bonetto JH, Ravizzoni Dartora D, Dodin P, Nuyt AM, Luu TM, Dumont NA. Impact of preterm birth on muscle mass and function: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Pediatr 2024; 183:1989-2002. [PMID: 38416257 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-023-05410-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Individuals born preterm present lower exercise capacity. Along with the cardiopulmonary responses and activity level, muscle strength is a key determinant of exercise capacity. This systematic review aimed to summarize the current knowledge on the impact of preterm birth on skeletal muscle mass and function across the lifespan. The databases PubMed, MEDLINE, EBM, Embase, CINAHL Plus, Global Index Medicus, and Google Scholar were searched using keywords and MeSH terms related to skeletal muscle, preterm birth, and low birth weight. Two independent reviewers undertook study selection, data extraction, and quality appraisal using Covidence review management. Data were pooled to estimate the prematurity effect on muscle mass and function using the R software. From 4378 studies retrieved, 132 were full-text reviewed and 25 met the inclusion/exclusion criteria. Five studies presented a low risk of bias, and 5 had a higher risk of bias due to a lack of adjustment for confounding factors and presenting incomplete outcomes. Meta-analyses of pooled data from homogenous studies indicated a significant reduction in muscle thickness and jump test (muscle power) in individuals born preterm versus full-term with standardized mean difference and confidence interval of - 0.58 (0.27, 0.89) and - 0.45 (0.21, 0.69), respectively. Conclusion: Overall, this systematic review summarizing the existing literature on the impact of preterm birth on skeletal muscle indicates emerging evidence that individuals born preterm, display alteration in the development of their skeletal muscle mass and function. This work also highlights a clear knowledge gap in understanding the effect of preterm birth on skeletal muscle development. What is Known: • Preterm birth, which occurs at a critical time of skeletal muscle development and maturation, impairs the development of different organs and tissues leading to a higher risk of comorbidities such as cardiovascular diseases. • Preterm birth is associated with reduced exercise capacity. What is New: • Individuals born preterm display alterations in muscle mass and function compared to individuals born at term from infancy to adulthood. • There is a need to develop preventive or curative interventions to improve skeletal muscle health in preterm-born individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyson Deprez
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Sainte-Justine Research Center, 3175 Chemin de La Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montreal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jéssica H Poletto Bonetto
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Sainte-Justine Research Center, 3175 Chemin de La Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montreal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Daniela Ravizzoni Dartora
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Sainte-Justine Research Center, 3175 Chemin de La Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montreal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Philippe Dodin
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Sainte-Justine Research Center, 3175 Chemin de La Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montreal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Anne Monique Nuyt
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Sainte-Justine Research Center, 3175 Chemin de La Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montreal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Thuy Mai Luu
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Sainte-Justine Research Center, 3175 Chemin de La Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montreal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Nicolas A Dumont
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Sainte-Justine Research Center, 3175 Chemin de La Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montreal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada.
- School of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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Bikou A, Dermiki-Gkana F, Penteris M, Constantinides TK, Kontogiorgis C. A systematic review of the effect of semaglutide on lean mass: insights from clinical trials. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2024; 25:611-619. [PMID: 38629387 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2024.2343092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Semaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, is associated with significant weight loss, yet its impact on lean body mass remains insufficiently understood. This review investigates the effect of semaglutide on lean mass in the context of obesity management. METHODOLOGY This study investigates through different databases (PubMed, Elsevier, and Google Scholar) from 2016 for randomized control trials (RCTs) or observational studies that assessed the use of semaglutide in overweight or obese patients, regardless of whether they have type 2 diabetes or not. The studies compared semaglutide to a placebo or alternative medications. RESULTS Six studies with 1,541 overweight or obese adults were included, and significant weight reductions were observed primarily due to fat mass loss. While the lean mass remained stable in some cases, notable reductions ranging from almost 0% to 40% of total weight reduction were observed in others. Noteworthy decreases in lean mass were particularly evident in larger trials, yet the proportion of lean mass relative to total body mass increased, suggesting a positive overall outcome. CONCLUSION Semaglutide displays potential for weight loss primarily through fat mass reduction. However, concerns arise from notable reductions in lean mass, especially in trials with a larger number of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexia Bikou
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Environmental Protection, Department of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Foteini Dermiki-Gkana
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Environmental Protection, Department of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Michail Penteris
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Environmental Protection, Department of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Theodoros K Constantinides
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Environmental Protection, Department of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Christos Kontogiorgis
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Environmental Protection, Department of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
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Qu Z, Shi L, Wu Z, Lin P, Zhang G, Cong X, Zhao X, Ge H, Yan S, Jiang L, Wu H. Kinesin light chain 1 stabilizes insulin receptor substrate 1 to regulate the IGF-1-AKT signaling pathway during myoblast differentiation. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23432. [PMID: 38300173 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202201065rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
The IGF signaling pathway plays critical role in regulating skeletal myogenesis. We have demonstrated that KIF5B, the heavy chain of kinesin-1 motor, promotes myoblast differentiation through regulating IGF-p38MAPK activation. However, the roles of the kinesin light chain (Klc) in IGF pathway and myoblast differentiation remain elusive. In this study, we found that Klc1 was upregulated during muscle regeneration and downregulated in senescence mouse muscles and dystrophic muscles from mdx (X-linked muscular dystrophic) mice. Gain- and loss-of-function experiments further displayed that Klc1 promotes AKT-mTOR activity and positively regulates myogenic differentiation. We further identified that the expression levels of IRS1, the critical node of IGF-1 signaling, are downregulated in Klc1-depleted myoblasts. Coimmunoprecipitation study revealed that IRS1 interacted with the 88-154 amino acid sequence of Klc1 via its PTB domain. Notably, the reduced Klc1 levels were found in senescence and osteoporosis skeletal muscle samples from both mice and human. Taken together, our findings suggested a crucial role of Klc1 in the regulation of IGF-AKT pathway during myogenesis through stabilizing IRS1, which might ultimately influence the development of muscle-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihao Qu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Linjing Shi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhen Wu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peng Lin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guangan Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxia Cong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huiqing Ge
- Department of Respiratory Care, Regional Medical Center for the National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shigui Yan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liangjun Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haobo Wu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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10
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Bahat G, Ozkok S. The Current Landscape of Pharmacotherapies for Sarcopenia. Drugs Aging 2024; 41:83-112. [PMID: 38315328 DOI: 10.1007/s40266-023-01093-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Sarcopenia is a skeletal muscle disorder characterized by progressive and generalized decline in muscle mass and function. Although it is mostly known as an age-related disorder, it can also occur secondary to systemic diseases such as malignancy or organ failure. It has demonstrated a significant relationship with adverse outcomes, e.g., falls, disabilities, and even mortality. Several breakthroughs have been made to find a pharmaceutical therapy for sarcopenia over the years, and some have come up with promising findings. Yet still no drug has been approved for its treatment. The key factor that makes finding an effective pharmacotherapy so challenging is the general paradigm of standalone/single diseases, traditionally adopted in medicine. Today, it is well known that sarcopenia is a complex disorder caused by multiple factors, e.g., imbalance in protein turnover, satellite cell and mitochondrial dysfunction, hormonal changes, low-grade inflammation, senescence, anorexia of aging, and behavioral factors such as low physical activity. Therefore, pharmaceuticals, either alone or combined, that exhibit multiple actions on these factors simultaneously will likely be the drug of choice to manage sarcopenia. Among various drug options explored throughout the years, testosterone still has the most cumulated evidence regarding its effects on muscle health and its safety. A mas receptor agonist, BIO101, stands out as a recent promising pharmaceutical. In addition to the conventional strategies (i.e., nutritional support and physical exercise), therapeutics with multiple targets of action or combination of multiple therapeutics with different targets/modes of action appear to promise greater benefit for the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulistan Bahat
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical School, Istanbul University, Capa, 34390, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Serdar Ozkok
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Hatay Training and Research Hospital, Hatay, 31040, Turkey
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11
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Neshan M, Tsilimigras DI, Han X, Zhu H, Pawlik TM. Molecular Mechanisms of Cachexia: A Review. Cells 2024; 13:252. [PMID: 38334644 PMCID: PMC10854699 DOI: 10.3390/cells13030252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Cachexia is a condition characterized by substantial loss of body weight resulting from the depletion of skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. A considerable fraction of patients with advanced cancer, particularly those who have been diagnosed with pancreatic or gastric cancer, lung cancer, prostate cancer, colon cancer, breast cancer, or leukemias, are impacted by this condition. This syndrome manifests at all stages of cancer and is associated with an unfavorable prognosis. It heightens the susceptibility to surgical complications, chemotherapy toxicity, functional impairments, breathing difficulties, and fatigue. The early detection of patients with cancer cachexia has the potential to enhance both their quality of life and overall survival rates. Regarding this matter, blood biomarkers, although helpful, possess certain limitations and do not exhibit universal application. Additionally, the available treatment options for cachexia are currently limited, and there is a lack of comprehensive understanding of the underlying molecular pathways associated with this condition. Thus, this review aims to provide an overview of molecular mechanisms associated with cachexia and potential therapeutic targets for the development of effective treatments for this devastating condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Neshan
- Department of General Surgery, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd 8915887857, Iran;
| | - Diamantis I. Tsilimigras
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (D.I.T.); (X.H.); (H.Z.)
| | - Xu Han
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (D.I.T.); (X.H.); (H.Z.)
| | - Hua Zhu
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (D.I.T.); (X.H.); (H.Z.)
| | - Timothy M. Pawlik
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (D.I.T.); (X.H.); (H.Z.)
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12
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Soares JDP, Siqueira JM, Brito FDSB, Pimentel GD. A Randomized Controlled Trial on the Effects of Leucine-Supplement Combined with Nutritional Counseling on Body Composition in Mix Cancer Older Men. Nutrients 2024; 16:210. [PMID: 38257103 PMCID: PMC10818878 DOI: 10.3390/nu16020210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malnutrition and metabolic alterations of cancer cachexia are often associated with negative weight loss and muscle mass wasting. In this sense, protein supplementation can be a strategy to help counteract the loss and/or maintenance of mass in these patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of leucine supplementation on body composition in outpatients with gastrointestinal tract cancer. METHODS It was a randomized, blinded, controlled, parallel trial, performed in male patients with a cancer diagnosis of the gastrointestinal tract and appendix organs undergoing chemotherapy. All the patients were allocated to one of the protocol groups: L-leucine supplement or the control group, during 8 weeks of intervention. We evaluated the body composition through bioelectrical impedance analysis, the cancer cachexia classification, and the diet intake before and after the intervention protocol. The intention-to-treat approach was performed to predict the missing values for all patients who provide any observation data. RESULTS The patients were an average age of 65.11 ± 7.50 years old. In the body composition analysis with patients who finished all the supplementation, we observed a significant gain in body weight (61.79.9 ± 9.02 versus 64.06 ± 9.45, p = 0.01), ASMM (7.64 ± 1.24 versus 7.81 ± 1.20, p = 0.02) in the Leucine group, whereas patients in the control did not present significant variation in these parameters. There was no significant intergroup difference. While in the analysis included the patients with intention-to-treat, we found a significant increase in body weight (p = 0.01), BMI (p = 0.01), FFM (p = 0.03), and ASMM (p = 0.01) in the Leucine group. No significant intergroup differences. These results also similar among cachectic patients. CONCLUSION A balanced diet enriched with free-Leucine supplementation was able to promotes gains in body weight and lean mass in older men diagnosticated with gastrointestinal and appendix organs of digestion cancer after 8 weeks. However, the fact that most men are non-cachectic or pre-cachectic is not clear if the increase in muscle mass was due to a high intake of leucine, since no difference between groups was detected. Moreover, we know that benefits on body composition are due to adequate calorie and macronutrients consumption and that balanced feeding according to nutrition Guidelines seems crucial and must be advised during the oncological treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssika D. P. Soares
- Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Goias, Goiania 74605-080, Brazil; (J.D.P.S.)
| | - Jéssika M. Siqueira
- Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Goias, Goiania 74605-080, Brazil; (J.D.P.S.)
| | - Flávia dos S. B. Brito
- Institute of Nutrition, Estadual University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20550-900, Brazil;
| | - Gustavo D. Pimentel
- Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Goias, Goiania 74605-080, Brazil; (J.D.P.S.)
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13
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Hwangbo H, Kim MY, Ji SY, Kim DH, Park BS, Jeong SU, Yoon JH, Kim TH, Kim GY, Choi YH. A Mixture of Morus alba and Angelica keiskei Leaf Extracts Improves Muscle Atrophy by Activating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling Pathway and Inhibiting FoxO3a In Vitro and In Vivo. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 33:1635-1647. [PMID: 37674382 PMCID: PMC10772550 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2306.06012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Muscle atrophy, which is defined as a decrease in muscle mass and strength, is caused by an imbalance between the anabolism and catabolism of muscle proteins. Thus, modulating the homeostasis between muscle protein synthesis and degradation represents an efficient treatment approach for this condition. In the present study, the protective effects against muscle atrophy of ethanol extracts of Morus alba L. (MA) and Angelica keiskei Koidz. (AK) leaves and their mixtures (MIX) were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Our results showed that MIX increased 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide-induced C2C12 myotube thinning, and enhanced soleus and gastrocnemius muscle thickness compared to each extract alone in dexamethasone-induced muscle atrophy Sprague Dawley rats. In addition, although MA and AK substantially improved grip strength and histological changes for dexamethasone-induced muscle atrophy in vivo, the efficacy was superior in the MIX-treated group. Moreover, MIX further increased the expression levels of myogenic factors (MyoD and myogenin) and decreased the expression levels of E3 ubiquitin ligases (atrogin-1 and muscle-specific RING finger protein-1) in vitro and in vivo compared to the MA- and AK-alone treatment groups. Furthermore, MIX increased the levels of phosphorylated phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (Akt), and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) that were reduced by dexamethasone, and downregulated the expression of forkhead box O3 (FoxO3a) induced by dexamethasone. These results suggest that MIX has a protective effect against muscle atrophy by enhancing muscle protein anabolism through the activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway and attenuating catabolism through the inhibition of FoxO3a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Hwangbo
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Yeong Kim
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon Yeong Ji
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea
| | - Da Hye Kim
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom Su Park
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Un Jeong
- Hamsoa Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Iksan 54524, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hyun Yoon
- Hamsoa Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Iksan 54524, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hee Kim
- Hamsoa Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Iksan 54524, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi-Young Kim
- Department of Marine Life Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung Hyun Choi
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biochemistry, Dong-eui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan 47227, Republic of Korea
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14
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Chen S, Lin X, Ma J, Li M, Chen Y, Fang AP, Zhu HL. Dietary protein intake and changes in muscle mass measurements in community-dwelling middle-aged and older adults: A prospective cohort study. Clin Nutr 2023; 42:2503-2511. [PMID: 37922694 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2023.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Increasing dietary protein intake can be an efficient strategy to prevent sarcopenia. Nevertheless, due to the discrepancy in the population and their dietary pattern, evidence suggested the effects of dietary protein amount or source on sarcopenia prevention varies. This prospective cohort study investigated the correlation between dietary protein intakes or sources and changes in muscle mass measurements. Additionally, the study explored the link between dietary protein and the prevalence of sarcopenia. METHODS Participants aged 40 to 75 were from Guangzhou Nutrition and Health Study (GNHS) 2011-2013 and returned in 2014-2017. Validated 79-item food frequency questionnaires were applied to calculate the amount of total, animal, and plant protein intakes and animal-to-plant protein ratio (APR). The body composition was examined by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) to calculate the appendicular lean mass (ALM) and its index (ASMI). Sarcopenia was diagnosed based on the 2019 Asia Working Group of Sarcopenia's criteria. ANCOVA was utilized to compare the differences of Δ ALM and Δ ASMI across the quartiles of the dietary protein, and linear regression was employed to examine dose-response associations. Multilinear mixed-effect models were employed to evaluate whether protein intake relates to annual changes in ALM and ASMI. Multivariable logistic regressions were performed to analyze the associations between dietary protein and sarcopenia. RESULTS In total, 2709 participants during the 3.2-year follow-up period were considered eligible for analysis. Higher dietary protein intakes (total, animal, plant) in both sexes could preserve more ALM and ASMI in a dose-response manner (all P-trend < 0.05). The annual estimated preservations of ASMI were greater in the highest dietary protein intakes (total, animal, plant) quartile than the lowest (0.05-0.13 kg/m2/y, all P < 0.05). In women, the risk of sarcopenia was reduced by 35%-50 % in the highest protein intake (total, animal, plant) quartile than the lowest. The APR did not display any significant associations. CONCLUSIONS Higher dietary protein intake, regardless of animal or plant sources, is associated with less muscle loss and a lower prevalence of sarcopenia in middle-aged and older Chinese, particularly women. CLINICALTRIALS GOV IDENTIFIER NCT03179657.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xinlei Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jingfei Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Mengchu Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yuming Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ai-Ping Fang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Hui-Lian Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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15
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Hughes DC, Goodman CA, Baehr LM, Gregorevic P, Bodine SC. A critical discussion on the relationship between E3 ubiquitin ligases, protein degradation, and skeletal muscle wasting: it's not that simple. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2023; 325:C1567-C1582. [PMID: 37955121 PMCID: PMC10861180 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00457.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Ubiquitination is an important post-translational modification (PTM) for protein substrates, whereby ubiquitin is added to proteins through the coordinated activity of activating (E1), ubiquitin-conjugating (E2), and ubiquitin ligase (E3) enzymes. The E3s provide key functions in the recognition of specific protein substrates to be ubiquitinated and aid in determining their proteolytic or nonproteolytic fates, which has led to their study as indicators of altered cellular processes. MuRF1 and MAFbx/Atrogin-1 were two of the first E3 ubiquitin ligases identified as being upregulated in a range of different skeletal muscle atrophy models. Since their discovery, the expression of these E3 ubiquitin ligases has often been studied as a surrogate measure of changes to bulk protein degradation rates. However, emerging evidence has highlighted the dynamic and complex regulation of the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) in skeletal muscle and demonstrated that protein ubiquitination is not necessarily equivalent to protein degradation. These observations highlight the potential challenges of quantifying E3 ubiquitin ligases as markers of protein degradation rates or ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) activation. This perspective examines the usefulness of monitoring E3 ubiquitin ligases for determining specific or bulk protein degradation rates in the settings of skeletal muscle atrophy. Specific questions that remain unanswered within the skeletal muscle atrophy field are also identified, to encourage the pursuit of new research that will be critical in moving forward our understanding of the molecular mechanisms that govern protein function and degradation in muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- David C Hughes
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States
| | - Craig A Goodman
- Centre for Muscle Research (CMR), Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Leslie M Baehr
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States
| | - Paul Gregorevic
- Centre for Muscle Research (CMR), Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Neurology, The University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | - Sue C Bodine
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States
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16
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Cornwell A, Zhang Y, Thondamal M, Johnson DW, Thakar J, Samuelson AV. The C. elegans Myc-family of transcription factors coordinate a dynamic adaptive response to dietary restriction. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.11.22.568222. [PMID: 38045350 PMCID: PMC10690244 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.22.568222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Dietary restriction (DR), the process of decreasing overall food consumption over an extended period of time, has been shown to increase longevity across evolutionarily diverse species and delay the onset of age-associated diseases in humans. In Caenorhabditis elegans, the Myc-family transcription factors (TFs) MXL-2 (Mlx) and MML-1 (MondoA/ChREBP), which function as obligate heterodimers, and PHA-4 (orthologous to forkhead box transcription factor A) are both necessary for the full physiological benefits of DR. However, the adaptive transcriptional response to DR and the role of MML-1::MXL-2 and PHA-4 remains elusive. We identified the transcriptional signature of C. elegans DR, using the eat-2 genetic model, and demonstrate broad changes in metabolic gene expression in eat-2 DR animals, which requires both mxl-2 and pha-4. While the requirement for these factors in DR gene expression overlaps, we found many of the DR genes exhibit an opposing change in relative gene expression in eat-2;mxl-2 animals compared to wild-type, which was not observed in eat-2 animals with pha-4 loss. We further show functional deficiencies of the mxl-2 loss in DR outside of lifespan, as eat-2;mxl-2 animals exhibit substantially smaller brood sizes and lay a proportion of dead eggs, indicating that MML-1::MXL-2 has a role in maintaining the balance between resource allocation to the soma and to reproduction under conditions of chronic food scarcity. While eat-2 animals do not show a significantly different metabolic rate compared to wild-type, we also find that loss of mxl-2 in DR does not affect the rate of oxygen consumption in young animals. The gene expression signature of eat-2 mutant animals is consistent with optimization of energy utilization and resource allocation, rather than induction of canonical gene expression changes associated with acute metabolic stress -such as induction of autophagy after TORC1 inhibition. Consistently, eat-2 animals are not substantially resistant to stress, providing further support to the idea that chronic DR may benefit healthspan and lifespan through efficient use of limited resources rather than broad upregulation of stress responses, and also indicates that MML-1::MXL-2 and PHA-4 may have different roles in promotion of benefits in response to different pro-longevity stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Cornwell
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Manjunatha Thondamal
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, GITAM University, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - David W Johnson
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
- Department of Math and Science, Genesee Community College, One College Rd Batavia, NY 14020, USA
| | - Juilee Thakar
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Andrew V Samuelson
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
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17
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Muta O, Oyama S, Odaka M, Shimizu K, Katsuragawa S, Suzuki K, Fushimi T, Fujii Y, Akagi R, Osakabe N. Cinnamtannin A2, (-)-epicatechin tetramer, attenuates skeletal muscle wasting in disuse atrophy model mice induced by hindlimb suspension. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2023; 73:124-130. [PMID: 37700845 PMCID: PMC10493217 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.23-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The impact of repeated administration of cinntamtannin A2 (A2, 25 μg/kg) on skeletal muscle disuse atrophy model mice induced by hindlimb suspension for 14 days was examined. In soleus, weight loss and a reduction in the average myofibre size with shifting to the smaller side of the peak were observed in the suspension-vehicle group, but A2 reduced these changes. Average myofibre size significantly increased in ground-A2 compared to ground-vehicle. A marked increase in the dephosphorylation of forkhead box O (FoxO) 3a by the suspension was reduced by A2. The phosphorylation of protein kinase B (Akt) and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein (4EBP)-1 were significantly increased by the treatment of A2. In addition, a single dose of A2 increased dramatically in the 24-h excretion of catecholamines in urine. These results suggest that A2 administration results in sympathetic nerve activation and promotes hypertrophy while inhibiting the progress of disuse muscle atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orie Muta
- Functional Control Systems, Graduate School of Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minumaku, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - Shiori Oyama
- Functional Control Systems, Graduate School of Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minumaku, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - Minayu Odaka
- Department of Bio-science and Engineering, Faculty of System Science and Engineering, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minumaku, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - Kenta Shimizu
- Department of Bio-science and Engineering, Faculty of System Science and Engineering, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minumaku, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - Sae Katsuragawa
- Department of Bio-science and Engineering, Faculty of System Science and Engineering, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minumaku, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - Kenta Suzuki
- Department of Bio-science and Engineering, Faculty of System Science and Engineering, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minumaku, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - Taiki Fushimi
- Functional Control Systems, Graduate School of Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minumaku, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Fujii
- Functional Control Systems, Graduate School of Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minumaku, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - Ryota Akagi
- Functional Control Systems, Graduate School of Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minumaku, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
- Department of Bio-science and Engineering, Faculty of System Science and Engineering, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minumaku, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - Naomi Osakabe
- Functional Control Systems, Graduate School of Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minumaku, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
- Department of Bio-science and Engineering, Faculty of System Science and Engineering, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minumaku, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
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18
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Astre G, Atlan T, Goshtchevsky U, Oron-Gottesman A, Smirnov M, Shapira K, Velan A, Deelen J, Levy T, Levanon EY, Harel I. Genetic perturbation of AMP biosynthesis extends lifespan and restores metabolic health in a naturally short-lived vertebrate. Dev Cell 2023; 58:1350-1364.e10. [PMID: 37321215 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2023.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
During aging, the loss of metabolic homeostasis drives a myriad of pathologies. A central regulator of cellular energy, the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), orchestrates organismal metabolism. However, direct genetic manipulations of the AMPK complex in mice have, so far, produced detrimental phenotypes. Here, as an alternative approach, we alter energy homeostasis by manipulating the upstream nucleotide pool. Using the turquoise killifish, we mutate APRT, a key enzyme in AMP biosynthesis, and extend the lifespan of heterozygous males. Next, we apply an integrated omics approach to show that metabolic functions are rejuvenated in old mutants, which also display a fasting-like metabolic profile and resistance to high-fat diet. At the cellular level, heterozygous cells exhibit enhanced nutrient sensitivity, reduced ATP levels, and AMPK activation. Finally, lifelong intermittent fasting abolishes the longevity benefits. Our findings suggest that perturbing AMP biosynthesis may modulate vertebrate lifespan and propose APRT as a promising target for promoting metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwendoline Astre
- Department of Genetics, the Silberman Institute, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat Ram, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Tehila Atlan
- Department of Genetics, the Silberman Institute, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat Ram, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Uri Goshtchevsky
- Department of Genetics, the Silberman Institute, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat Ram, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Adi Oron-Gottesman
- Department of Genetics, the Silberman Institute, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat Ram, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Margarita Smirnov
- Central Fish Health Laboratory, Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Nir David 10803, Israel
| | - Kobi Shapira
- Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel
| | - Ariel Velan
- Department of Genetics, the Silberman Institute, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat Ram, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Joris Deelen
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne 50931, Germany; Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne 50931, Germany
| | - Tomer Levy
- Department of Genetics, the Silberman Institute, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat Ram, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Erez Y Levanon
- Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel
| | - Itamar Harel
- Department of Genetics, the Silberman Institute, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat Ram, Jerusalem 91904, Israel.
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Tao W, Ouyang Z, Liao Z, Li L, Zhang Y, Gao J, Ma L, Yu S. Ursolic Acid Alleviates Cancer Cachexia and Prevents Muscle Wasting via Activating SIRT1. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15082378. [PMID: 37190306 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15082378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle wasting is the most remarkable phenotypic feature of cancer cachexia that increases the risk of morbidity and mortality. However, there are currently no effective drugs against cancer cachexia. Ursolic acid (UA) is a lipophilic pentacyclic triterpene that has been reported to alleviate muscle atrophy and reduce muscle decomposition in some disease models. This study aimed to explore the role and mechanisms of UA treatment in cancer cachexia. We found that UA attenuated Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC)-conditioned medium-induced C2C12 myotube atrophy and muscle wasting of LLC tumor-bearing mice. Moreover, UA dose-dependently activated SIRT1 and downregulated MuRF1 and Atrogin-1. Molecular docking results revealed a good binding effect on UA and SIRT1 protein. UA rescued vital features wasting without impacting tumor growth, suppressed the elevated spleen weight, and downregulated serum concentrations of inflammatory cytokines in vivo. The above phenomena can be attenuated by Ex-527, an inhibitor of SIRT1. Furthermore, UA remained protective against cancer cachexia in the advanced stage of tumor growth. The results revealed that UA exerts an anti-cachexia effect via activating SIRT1, thereby downregulating the phosphorylation levels of NF-κB and STAT3. UA might be a potential drug against cancer cachexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weili Tao
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Ze Ouyang
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Zhiqi Liao
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Lu Li
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yujie Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Jiali Gao
- Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Li Ma
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Shiying Yu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
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20
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Kaiser KA, Kadish I, van Groen T, Smith DL, Dickinson S, Henschel B, Parker ES, Brown AW, Allison DB. The effect of a pharmaceutical ghrelin agonist on lifespan in C57BL/6J male mice: A controlled experiment. Aging Cell 2023; 22:e13787. [PMID: 36734122 PMCID: PMC10086516 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Interventions for animal lifespan extension like caloric restriction (CR) have identified physiologic and biochemical pathways related to hunger and energy-sensing status as possible contributors, but mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. Prior studies using ghrelin agonists show greater food intake but no effect on lifespan in rodent models. This experiment in male C57BL/6J mice tested the influence of ghrelin agonism for perceived hunger, in the absence of CR, on longevity. Mice aged 4 weeks were allowed to acclimate for 2 weeks prior to being assigned (N = 60/group). Prior to lights off daily (12:12 cycle), animals were fed a ghrelin agonist pill (LY444711; Eli Lilly) or a placebo control (Ctrl) until death. Treatment (GhrAg) animals were pair-fed daily based on the group mean food intake consumed by Ctrl (ad libitum feeding) the prior week. Results indicate an increased lifespan effect (log-rank p = 0.0032) for GhrAg versus placebo Ctrl, which weighed significantly more than GhrAg (adjusted for baseline weight). Further studies are needed to determine the full scope of effects of this ghrelin agonist, either directly via increased ghrelin receptor signaling or indirectly via other hypothalamic, systemic, or tissue-specific mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn A. Kaiser
- Department of Health Behavior, School of Public HealthUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA
| | - Inga Kadish
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, School of MedicineUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA
| | - Thomas van Groen
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, School of MedicineUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA
| | - Daniel L. Smith
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, School of Health ProfessionsUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA
| | - Stephanie Dickinson
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public HealthIndiana University‐BloomingtonBloomingtonIndianaUSA
| | - Beate Henschel
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public HealthIndiana University‐BloomingtonBloomingtonIndianaUSA
| | - Erik S. Parker
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public HealthIndiana University‐BloomingtonBloomingtonIndianaUSA
| | - Andrew W. Brown
- Department of BiostatisticsUniversity of Arkansas for Medical SciencesLittle RockArkansasUSA
| | - David B. Allison
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public HealthIndiana University‐BloomingtonBloomingtonIndianaUSA
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21
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Yi X, Zhou G, Fu Y, Wu J, Chen C, Zai H, He Q, Pang P, Zhou H, Gong G, Lei T, Tan F, Liu H, Li B, Chen BT. CT-based assessment of sarcopenia for differentiating wild-type from mutant-type gastrointestinal stromal tumor. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3216. [PMID: 36828845 PMCID: PMC9958176 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-27213-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-invasive prediction for KIT/PDGFRA status in GIST is a challenging problem. This study aims to evaluate whether CT based sarcopenia could differentiate KIT/PDGFRA wild-type gastrointestinal stromal tumor (wt-GIST) from the mutant-type GIST (mu-GIST), and to evaluate genetic features of GIST. A total of 174 patients with GIST (wt-GIST = 52) were retrospectively identified between January 2011 to October 2019. A sarcopenia nomogram was constructed by multivariate logistic regression. The performance of the nomogram was evaluated by discrimination, calibration curve, and decision curve. Genomic data was obtained from our own specimens and also from the open databases cBioPortal. Data was analyzed by R version 3.6.1 and clusterProfiler ( http://cbioportal.org/msk-impact ). There were significantly higher incidence (75.0% vs. 48.4%) and more severe sarcopenia in patients with wt-GIST than in patients with mu-GIST. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that sarcopenia score (fitted based on age, gender and skeletal muscle index), and muscle fat index were independent predictors for higher risk of wt-GIST (P < 0.05 for both the training and validation cohorts). Our sarcopenia nomogram achieved a promising efficiency with an AUC of 0.879 for the training cohort, and 0.9099 for the validation cohort with a satisfying consistency in the calibration curve. Favorable clinical usefulness was observed using decision curve analysis. The additional gene sequencing analysis based on both our data and the external data demonstrated aberrant signal pathways being closely associated with sarcopenia in the wt-GIST. Our study supported the use of CT-based assessment of sarcopenia in differentiating the wt-GIST from the mu-GIST preoperatively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Yi
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (Xiangya Hospital), Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Gaofeng Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Fu
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinchun Wu
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Changyong Chen
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyan Zai
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiongzhi He
- Geneplus-Beijing Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Peipei Pang
- GE Healthcare, Hangzhou, 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyan Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanghui Gong
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianxiang Lei
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengbo Tan
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Heli Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Bihong T Chen
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
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22
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Lv S, Shen Q, Li H, Chen Q, Xie W, Li Y, Wang X, Ding G. Caloric restriction delays age-related muscle atrophy by inhibiting 11β-HSD1 to promote the differentiation of muscle stem cells. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 9:1027055. [PMID: 36687405 PMCID: PMC9849809 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.1027055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Calorie restriction (CR) is an important direction for the delay of sarcopenia in elderly individuals. However, the specific mechanisms of CR against aging are still unclear. Methods In this study, we used a CR model of elderly mice with muscle-specific 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 (11β-HSD1) knockout mice and 11β-HSD1 overexpression mice to confirm that CR can delay muscle aging by inhibiting 11β-HSD1 which can transform inactive GC(cortisone) into active GC(cortisol). The ability of self-proliferation and differentiation into muscle fibers of these mouse muscle stem cells (MuSCs) was observed in vitro. Additionally, the mitochondrial function and mitochondrial ATP production capacity of MuSCs were measured by mitochondrial oxygen consumption. Results It was found that the 11β-HSD1 expression level was increased in age-related muscle atrophy. Overexpression of 11β-HSD1 led to muscle atrophy in young mice, and 11β-HSD1 knockout rescued age-related muscle atrophy. Moreover, CR in aged mice reduced the local effective concentration of glucocorticoid (GC) through 11β-HSD1, thereby promoting the mitochondrial function and differentiation ability of MuSCs. Conclusions Together, our findings highlight promising sarcopenia protection with 40% CR in older ages. Furthermore, we speculated that targeting an 11β-HSD1-dependent metabolic pathway may represent a novel strategy for developing therapeutics against age-related muscle atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Lv
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qianjin Shen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hengzhen Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qun Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenqing Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yusheng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China,*Correspondence: Yusheng Li,
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China,Xiaodong Wang,
| | - Guoxian Ding
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China,Guoxian Ding,
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23
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Murphy A, Vyavahare S, Kumar S, Lee TJ, Sharma A, Adusumilli S, Hamrick M, Isales CM, Fulzele S. Dietary interventions and molecular mechanisms for healthy musculoskeletal aging. Biogerontology 2022; 23:681-698. [PMID: 35727468 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-022-09970-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Over the past decade, extensive efforts have focused on understanding age-associated diseases and how to prolong a healthy lifespan. The induction of dietary protocols such as caloric restriction (CR) and protein restriction (PR) has positively affected a healthy lifespan. These intervention ideas (nutritional protocols) have been the subject of human cohort studies and clinical trials to evaluate their effectiveness in alleviating age-related diseases (such as type II diabetes, cardiovascular disease, obesity, and musculoskeletal fragility) and promoting human longevity. This study summarizes the literature on the nutritional protocols, emphasizing their impacts on bone and muscle biology. In addition, we analyzed several CR studies using Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and identified common transcriptome changes to understand the signaling pathway involved in musculoskeletal tissue. We identified nine novel common genes, out of which five were upregulated (Emc3, Fam134b, Fbxo30, Pip5k1a, and Retsat), and four were downregulated (Gstm2, Per2, Fam78a, and Sel1l3) with CR in muscles. Gene Ontology enrichment analysis revealed that CR regulates several signaling pathways (e.g., circadian gene regulation and rhythm, energy reserve metabolic process, thermogenesis) involved in energy metabolism. In conclusion, this study summarizes the beneficiary role of CR and identifies novel genes and signaling pathways involved in musculoskeletal biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Murphy
- Department of Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Sagar Vyavahare
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Tae Jin Lee
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Ashok Sharma
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | | | - Mark Hamrick
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Center for Healthy Aging, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Carlos M Isales
- Department of Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.,Center for Healthy Aging, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Sadanand Fulzele
- Department of Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA. .,Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA. .,Center for Healthy Aging, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
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24
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Therapeutics That Can Potentially Replicate or Augment the Anti-Aging Effects of Physical Exercise. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179957. [PMID: 36077358 PMCID: PMC9456478 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Globally, better health care access and social conditions ensured a significant increase in the life expectancy of the population. There is, however, a clear increase in the incidence of age-related diseases which, besides affecting the social and economic sustainability of countries and regions around the globe, leads to a decrease in the individual’s quality of life. There is an urgent need for interventions that can reverse, or at least prevent and delay, the age-associated pathological deterioration. Within this line, this narrative review aims to assess updated evidence that explores the potential therapeutic targets that can mimic or complement the recognized anti-aging effects of physical exercise. We considered pertinent to review the anti-aging effects of the following drugs and supplements: Rapamycin and Rapamycin analogues (Rapalogs); Metformin; 2-deoxy-D-glucose; Somatostatin analogues; Pegvisomant; Trametinib; Spermidine; Fisetin; Quercetin; Navitoclax; TA-65; Resveratrol; Melatonin; Curcumin; Rhodiola rosea and Caffeine. The current scientific evidence on the anti-aging effect of these drugs and supplements is still scarce and no recommendation of their generalized use can be made at this stage. Further studies are warranted to determine which therapies display a geroprotective effect and are capable of emulating the benefits of physical exercise.
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25
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Ubiquitin Ligases in Longevity and Aging Skeletal Muscle. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147602. [PMID: 35886949 PMCID: PMC9315556 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The development and prevalence of diseases associated with aging presents a global health burden on society. One hallmark of aging is the loss of proteostasis which is caused in part by alterations to the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) and lysosome-autophagy system leading to impaired function and maintenance of mass in tissues such as skeletal muscle. In the instance of skeletal muscle, the impairment of function occurs early in the aging process and is dependent on proteostatic mechanisms. The UPS plays a pivotal role in degradation of misfolded and aggregated proteins. For the purpose of this review, we will discuss the role of the UPS system in the context of age-related loss of muscle mass and function. We highlight the significant role that E3 ubiquitin ligases play in the turnover of key components (e.g., mitochondria and neuromuscular junction) essential to skeletal muscle function and the influence of aging. In addition, we will briefly discuss the contribution of the UPS system to lifespan. By understanding the UPS system as part of the proteostasis network in age-related diseases and disorders such as sarcopenia, new discoveries can be made and new interventions can be developed which will preserve muscle function and maintain quality of life with advancing age.
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26
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Wheeler JR, Whitney ON, Vogler TO, Nguyen ED, Pawlikowski B, Lester E, Cutler A, Elston T, Dalla Betta N, Parker KR, Yost KE, Vogel H, Rando TA, Chang HY, Johnson AM, Parker R, Olwin BB. RNA-binding proteins direct myogenic cell fate decisions. eLife 2022; 11:e75844. [PMID: 35695839 PMCID: PMC9191894 DOI: 10.7554/elife.75844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), essential for skeletal muscle regeneration, cause muscle degeneration and neuromuscular disease when mutated. Why mutations in these ubiquitously expressed RBPs orchestrate complex tissue regeneration and direct cell fate decisions in skeletal muscle remains poorly understood. Single-cell RNA-sequencing of regenerating Mus musculus skeletal muscle reveals that RBP expression, including the expression of many neuromuscular disease-associated RBPs, is temporally regulated in skeletal muscle stem cells and correlates with specific stages of myogenic differentiation. By combining machine learning with RBP engagement scoring, we discovered that the neuromuscular disease-associated RBP Hnrnpa2b1 is a differentiation-specifying regulator of myogenesis that controls myogenic cell fate transitions during terminal differentiation in mice. The timing of RBP expression specifies cell fate transitions by providing post-transcriptional regulation of messenger RNAs that coordinate stem cell fate decisions during tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua R Wheeler
- Department of Biochemistry, University of ColoradoBoulderUnited States
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraUnited States
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of ColoradoBoulderUnited States
- Department of Pathology, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
- Department of Neuropathology, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
| | - Oscar N Whitney
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
| | - Thomas O Vogler
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraUnited States
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of ColoradoBoulderUnited States
- Department of Surgery, University of ColoradoAuroraUnited States
| | - Eric D Nguyen
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraUnited States
- Molecular Biology Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraUnited States
| | - Bradley Pawlikowski
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of ColoradoBoulderUnited States
| | - Evan Lester
- Department of Biochemistry, University of ColoradoBoulderUnited States
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraUnited States
| | - Alicia Cutler
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of ColoradoBoulderUnited States
| | - Tiffany Elston
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of ColoradoBoulderUnited States
| | - Nicole Dalla Betta
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of ColoradoBoulderUnited States
| | - Kevin R Parker
- Center for Personal and Dynamic Regulomes, Stanford UniversityPalo AltoUnited States
| | - Kathryn E Yost
- Center for Personal and Dynamic Regulomes, Stanford UniversityPalo AltoUnited States
| | - Hannes Vogel
- Department of Pathology, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
| | - Thomas A Rando
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
- Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
- Center for Tissue Regeneration, Repair, and Restoration, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care SystemPalo AltoUnited States
| | - Howard Y Chang
- Center for Personal and Dynamic Regulomes, Stanford UniversityPalo AltoUnited States
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
| | - Aaron M Johnson
- Molecular Biology Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraUnited States
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, RNA Bioscience Initiative, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraUnited States
| | - Roy Parker
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of ColoradoBoulderUnited States
| | - Bradley B Olwin
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of ColoradoBoulderUnited States
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27
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Maculewicz E, Leońska-Duniec A, Mastalerz A, Szarska E, Garbacz A, Lepionka T, Łakomy R, Anyżewska A, Bertrandt J. The Influence of FTO, FABP2, LEP, LEPR, and MC4R Genes on Obesity Parameters in Physically Active Caucasian Men. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19106030. [PMID: 35627568 PMCID: PMC9141290 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19106030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a complex multifactorial abnormality that has a well-confirmed genetic basis. However, the problem still lies in identifying the polymorphisms linked to body mass and composition. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze associations between FTO (rs9939609), FABP2 (rs1799883), and LEP (rs2167270), LEPR (rs1137101), and MC4R (rs17782313) polymorphisms and obesity-related parameters. Unrelated Caucasian males (n = 165) were recruited. All participants had similar physical activity levels. The participants were divided into two groups depending on their body mass index (BMI) and fat mass index (FMI). All samples were genotyped using real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR). When tested individually, only one statistically significant result was found. The FTO A/T polymorphism was significantly associated with FMI (p = 0.01). The chance of having increased FMI was >2-fold higher for the FTO A allele carriers (p < 0.01). Gene−gene interaction analyses showed the additional influence of all investigated genes on BMI and FMI. In summary, it was demonstrated that harboring the FTO A allele might be a risk factor for elevated fat mass. Additionally, this study confirmed that all five polymorphisms are involved in the development of common obesity in the studied population and the genetic risk of obesity is linked to the accumulation of numerous variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Maculewicz
- Faculty of Physical Education, Jozef Pilsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, 00-809 Warsaw, Poland;
- Correspondence:
| | - Agata Leońska-Duniec
- Faculty of Physical Education, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, 80-336 Gdansk, Poland;
| | - Andrzej Mastalerz
- Faculty of Physical Education, Jozef Pilsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, 00-809 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Ewa Szarska
- Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 01-163 Warsaw, Poland; (E.S.); (T.L.); (R.Ł.)
| | - Aleksandra Garbacz
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Animal Breeding, Bioengineering and Conservation, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Lepionka
- Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 01-163 Warsaw, Poland; (E.S.); (T.L.); (R.Ł.)
| | - Roman Łakomy
- Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 01-163 Warsaw, Poland; (E.S.); (T.L.); (R.Ł.)
| | - Anna Anyżewska
- University of Economics and Human Sciences in Warsaw, Okopowa 59, 01-043 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Jerzy Bertrandt
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Pope John Paul II State School of Higher Education in Biala Podlaska, 21-500 Biala Podlaska, Poland;
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28
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Hughes DC, Hardee JP, Waddell DS, Goodman CA. CORP: Gene delivery into murine skeletal muscle using in vivo electroporation. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2022; 133:41-59. [PMID: 35511722 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00088.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The strategy of gene delivery into skeletal muscles has provided exciting avenues in identifying new potential therapeutics towards muscular disorders and addressing basic research questions in muscle physiology through overexpression and knockdown studies. In vivo electroporation methodology offers a simple, rapidly effective technique for the delivery of plasmid DNA into post-mitotic skeletal muscle fibers and the ability to easily explore the molecular mechanisms of skeletal muscle plasticity. The purpose of this review is to describe how to robustly electroporate plasmid DNA into different hindlimb muscles of rodent models. Further, key parameters (e.g., voltage, hyaluronidase, plasmid concentration) which contribute to the successful introduction of plasmid DNA into skeletal muscle fibers will be discussed. In addition, details on processing tissue for immunohistochemistry and fiber cross-sectional area (CSA) analysis will be outlined. The overall goal of this review is to provide the basic and necessary information needed for successful implementation of in vivo electroporation of plasmid DNA and thus open new avenues of discovery research in skeletal muscle physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- David C Hughes
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Justin P Hardee
- Centre for Muscle Research (CMR), Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - David S Waddell
- Department of Biology, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Craig A Goodman
- Centre for Muscle Research (CMR), Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Hsu FY, Liou JY, Tang FY, Sou NL, Peng JH, Chiang EPI. Ketogenic Diet Consumption Inhibited Mitochondrial One-Carbon Metabolism. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073650. [PMID: 35409009 PMCID: PMC8998878 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Given the popularity of ketogenic diets, their potential long-term consequences deserve to be more carefully monitored. Mitochondrially derived formate has a critical role in mammalian one-carbon (1C) metabolism and development. The glycine cleavage system (GCS) accounts for another substantial source for mitochondrially derived 1C units. Objective: We investigated how the ketogenic state modulates mitochondrial formate generation and partitioning of 1C metabolic fluxes. Design: HepG2 cells treated with physiological doses (1 mM and 10 mM) of β-hydroxybutyrate (βHB) were utilized as the in vitro ketogenic model. Eight-week male C57BL/6JNarl mice received either a medium-chain fatty-acid-enriched ketogenic diet (MCT-KD) or a control diet AIN 93M for 8 weeks. Stable isotopic labeling experiments were conducted. Results and Conclusions: MCT-KD is effective in weight and fat loss. Deoxythymidine (dTMP) synthesis from the mitochondrial GCS-derived formate was significantly suppressed by βHB and consumption of MCT-KD. Consistently, plasma formate concentrations, as well as the metabolic fluxes from serine and glycine, were suppressed by MCT-KD. MCT-KD also decreased the fractional contribution of mitochondrially derived formate in methionine synthesis from serine. With the worldwide application, people and medical professionals should be more aware of the potential metabolic perturbations when practicing a long-term ketogenic diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan-Yu Hsu
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (F.-Y.H.); (J.-Y.L.); (N.-L.S.); (J.-H.P.)
| | - Jia-Ying Liou
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (F.-Y.H.); (J.-Y.L.); (N.-L.S.); (J.-H.P.)
| | - Feng-Yao Tang
- Biomedical Science Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan;
| | - Nga-Lai Sou
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (F.-Y.H.); (J.-Y.L.); (N.-L.S.); (J.-H.P.)
- Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture (IDCSA), National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Hau Peng
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (F.-Y.H.); (J.-Y.L.); (N.-L.S.); (J.-H.P.)
- Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture (IDCSA), National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program in Microbial Genomics, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - En-Pei Isabel Chiang
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (F.-Y.H.); (J.-Y.L.); (N.-L.S.); (J.-H.P.)
- Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture (IDCSA), National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program in Microbial Genomics, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-4-22853049
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Supplementing cultured human myotubes with hibernating bear serum results in increased protein content by modulating Akt/FOXO3a signaling. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0263085. [PMID: 35077510 PMCID: PMC8789107 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hibernating bears remain in their dens for 5–7 months during winter and survive without eating or drinking while staying inactive. However, they maintain their physical functions with minimal skeletal muscle atrophy and metabolic dysfunction. In bears, resistance to skeletal muscle atrophy during hibernation is likely mediated by seasonally altered systemic factors that are independent of neuromuscular activity. To determine whether there are components in bear serum that regulate protein and energy metabolism, differentiated human skeletal muscle cells were treated with bear serum (5% in DMEM/Ham’s F-12, 24 h) collected during active summer (July) and hibernating winter (February) periods. The serum samples were collected from the same individual bears (Ursus thibetanus japonicus, n = 7 in each season). Total protein content in cultured skeletal muscle cells was significantly increased following a 24 h treatment with hibernating bear serum. Although the protein synthesis rate was not altered, the expression of MuRF1 protein, a muscle-specific E3 ubiquitin ligase was significantly decreased along with a concomitant activation of Akt/FOXO3a signaling. Increased levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) were also observed in hibernating bear serum. These observations suggest that protein metabolism in cultured human myotubes may be altered when incubated with hibernating bear serum, with a significant increase in serum IGF-1 and diminished MuRF1 expression, a potential target of Akt/FOXO3a signaling. A protein sparing phenotype in cultured muscle cells by treatment with hibernating bear serum holds potential for the development of methods to prevent human muscle atrophy and related disorders.
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Oliveira-Junior G, Pinto RS, Shirley MK, Longman DP, Koehler K, Saunders B, Roschel H, Dolan E. The Skeletal Muscle Response to Energy Deficiency: A Life History Perspective. ADAPTIVE HUMAN BEHAVIOR AND PHYSIOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s40750-021-00182-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Ghanemi A, Yoshioka M, St-Amand J. Exercise, Diet and Sleeping as Regenerative Medicine Adjuvants: Obesity and Ageing as Illustrations. MEDICINES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:medicines9010007. [PMID: 35049940 PMCID: PMC8778846 DOI: 10.3390/medicines9010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Regenerative medicine uses the biological and medical knowledge on how the cells and tissue regenerate and evolve in order to develop novel therapies. Health conditions such as ageing, obesity and cancer lead to an impaired regeneration ability. Exercise, diet choices and sleeping pattern have significant impacts on regeneration biology via diverse pathways including reducing the inflammatory and oxidative components. Thus, exercise, diet and sleeping management can be optimized towards therapeutic applications in regenerative medicine. It could allow to prevent degeneration, optimize the biological regeneration and also provide adjuvants for regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelaziz Ghanemi
- Functional Genomics Laboratory, Endocrinology and Nephrology Axis, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada; (A.G.); (M.Y.)
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Mayumi Yoshioka
- Functional Genomics Laboratory, Endocrinology and Nephrology Axis, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada; (A.G.); (M.Y.)
| | - Jonny St-Amand
- Functional Genomics Laboratory, Endocrinology and Nephrology Axis, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada; (A.G.); (M.Y.)
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-418-654-2296
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Zhu Y, Fang Y, Medina D, Bartke A, Yuan R. Metformin treatment of juvenile mice alters aging-related developmental and metabolic phenotypes. Mech Ageing Dev 2022; 201:111597. [PMID: 34780856 PMCID: PMC8755607 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2021.111597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that the influence on developmental traits might have long-term effects on aging and health later in life. Metformin is a widely used drug for treating type 2 diabetes and is also used for delaying sexual maturation in girls with precocious puberty. The current report focuses on investigating the effects of metformin on development and metabolic traits. Heterogeneous mice (UM-HET3) were treated with i.p. metformin between the ages of 15 and 56 days. Our results show that body weight and food consumption were increased in both sexes, and sexual maturation was delayed in females. Tail length and circulating insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) levels were significantly increased in both sexes. No significant difference was found in insulin tolerance test, but glucose tolerance was significantly reduced in the males. Circulating adiponectin and insulin levels were altered by metformin treatment in a sex-specific manner. Analysis of quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) suggests that metformin treatment increased insulin sensitivity in female pups, but had opposite effect in male pups. This study revealed that early life metformin treatment alters development and metabolism of mice in both sex-specific and non-specific manners. These effects of metformin may have long-term impacts on aging-related traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhu
- Deparment of Medical Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, Southern Illinois School of Medicine, 801 N. Rutledge, P. O. Box 19628, Springfield, Illinois 62794-9628, USA,Department of Internal Medicine, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, 801 N. Rutledge, P. O. Box 19628, Springfield, Illinois 62794-9628, USA
| | - Yimin Fang
- Department of Neurology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, 801 N. Rutledge, P. O. Box 19628, Springfield, Illinois 62794-9628, USA
| | - David Medina
- Department of Internal Medicine, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, 801 N. Rutledge, P. O. Box 19628, Springfield, Illinois 62794-9628, USA
| | - Andrzej Bartke
- Department of Internal Medicine, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, 801 N. Rutledge, P. O. Box 19628, Springfield, Illinois 62794-9628, USA
| | - Rong Yuan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, 801 N. Rutledge, P. O. Box 19628, Springfield, Illinois 62794-9628, USA
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Strategies to Prevent Sarcopenia in the Aging Process: Role of Protein Intake and Exercise. Nutrients 2021; 14:nu14010052. [PMID: 35010928 PMCID: PMC8746908 DOI: 10.3390/nu14010052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is one of the main issues associated with the process of aging. Characterized by muscle mass loss, it is triggered by several conditions, including sedentary habits and negative net protein balance. According to World Health Organization, it is expected a 38% increase in older individuals by 2025. Therefore, it is noteworthy to establish recommendations to prevent sarcopenia and several events and comorbidities associated with this health issue condition. In this review, we discuss the role of these factors, prevention strategies, and recommendations, with a focus on protein intake and exercise.
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Abu R, Yu L, Kumar A, Gao L, Kumar V. A Quantitative Proteomics Approach to Gain Insight into NRF2-KEAP1 Skeletal Muscle System and Its Cysteine Redox Regulation. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12111655. [PMID: 34828261 PMCID: PMC8622432 DOI: 10.3390/genes12111655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian skeletal muscle (SkM) tissue engages the Nrf2-Keap1-dependent antioxidant defense mechanism to respond adaptively to stress. Redox homeostasis mediated by the reversible modification of selective cysteines is the prevalent mode of regulation. The protein targets of SkM redox regulation are largely unknown. We previously reported the proteomic profiles of soleus (Sol) and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) with Nrf2 or Keap1 gene deletion, using SkM-specific Nrf2 or Keap1 knockout models; iMS-Nrf2flox/flox; and iMS-Keap1flox/flox. Here, we employed these two animal models to understand the global expression profile of red tibialis anterior (RTA) using a label free approach and its redox proteomics using iodoacetyl tandem mass tag (iodoTMTTM)-labeled cysteine quantitation. We quantified 298 proteins that were significantly altered globally in the RTA with Nrf2 deficiency but only 21 proteins in the Keap1 KO samples. These proteins are involved in four intracellular signaling pathways: sirtuin signaling, Nrf2 mediated oxidative stress response, oxidative phosphorylation, and mitochondrion dysfunction. Moreover, we identified and quantified the cysteine redox peptides of 34 proteins, which are associated with mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, energy metabolism, and extracellular matrix. Our findings suggest that Nrf2-deficient RTA is implicated in metabolic myopathy, mitochondrial disorders, and motor dysfunction, possibly due to an enhanced oxidative modification of the structure and functional proteins in skeletal myocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafay Abu
- Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Core Facility, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA;
| | - Li Yu
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA;
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Centre for Systems Biology and Bioinformatics (U.I.E.A.S.T), Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India;
| | - Lie Gao
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA;
- Correspondence: (L.G.); (V.K.)
| | - Vikas Kumar
- Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Core Facility, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA;
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Correspondence: (L.G.); (V.K.)
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Murphy C, Koehler K. Energy deficiency impairs resistance training gains in lean mass but not strength: A meta-analysis and meta-regression. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2021; 32:125-137. [PMID: 34623696 DOI: 10.1111/sms.14075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Short-term energy deficits impair anabolic hormones and muscle protein synthesis. However, the effects of prolonged energy deficits on resistance training (RT) outcomes remain unexplored. Thus, we conducted a systematic review of PubMed and SportDiscus for randomized controlled trials performing RT in an energy deficit (RT+ED) for ≥3 weeks. We first divided the literature into studies with a parallel control group without an energy deficit (RT+CON; Analysis A) and studies without RT+CON (Analysis B). Analysis A consisted of a meta-analysis comparing gains in lean mass (LM) and strength between RT+ED and RT+CON. Studies in Analysis B were matched with separate RT+CON studies for participant and intervention characteristics, and we qualitatively compared the gains in LM and strength between RT+ED and RT+CON. Finally, Analyses A and B were pooled into a meta-regression examining the relationship between the magnitude of the energy deficit and LM. Analysis A showed LM gains were impaired in RT+ED vs RT+CON (effect size (ES) = -0.57, p = 0.02), but strength gains were comparable between conditions (ES = -0.31, p = 0.28). Analysis B supports the impairment of LM in RT+ED (ES: -0.11, p = 0.03) vs RT+CON (ES: 0.20, p < 0.001) but not strength (RT+ED ES: 0.84; RT+CON ES: 0.81). Finally, our meta-regression demonstrated that an energy deficit of ~500 kcal · day-1 prevented gains in LM. Individuals performing RT to build LM should avoid prolonged energy deficiency, and individuals performing RT to preserve LM during weight loss should avoid energy deficits >500 kcal day-1 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaise Murphy
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Karsten Koehler
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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Penedo-Vázquez A, Duran X, Mateu J, López-Postigo A, Barreiro E. Curcumin and Resveratrol Improve Muscle Function and Structure through Attenuation of Proteolytic Markers in Experimental Cancer-Induced Cachexia. Molecules 2021; 26:4904. [PMID: 34443492 PMCID: PMC8402048 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26164904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle wasting and cachexia are prominent comorbidities in cancer. Treatment with polyphenolic compounds may partly revert muscle wasting. We hypothesized that treatment with curcumin or resveratrol in cancer cachectic mice may improve muscle phenotype and total body weight through attenuation of several proteolytic and signaling mechanisms in limb muscles. In gastrocnemius and soleus muscles of cancer cachectic mice (LP07 adenocarcinoma cells, N = 10/group): (1) LC-induced cachexia, (2) LC-cachexia+curcumin, and (3) LC-cachexia + resveratrol, muscle structure and damage (including blood troponin I), sirtuin-1, proteolytic markers, and signaling pathways (NF-κB and FoxO3) were explored (immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting). Compared to nontreated cachectic mice, in LC-cachexia + curcumin and LC-cachexia + resveratrol groups, body and muscle weights (gastrocnemius), limb muscle strength, muscle damage, and myofiber cross-sectional area improved, and in both muscles, sirtuin-1 increased, while proteolysis (troponin I), proteolytic markers, and signaling pathways were attenuated. Curcumin and resveratrol elicited beneficial effects on fast- and slow-twitch limb muscle phenotypes in cachectic mice through sirtuin-1 activation, attenuation of atrophy signaling pathways, and proteolysis in cancer cachectic mice. These findings have future therapeutic implications as these natural compounds, separately or in combination, may be used in clinical settings of muscle mass loss and dysfunction including cancer cachexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Penedo-Vázquez
- Department-Muscle Wasting and Cachexia in Chronic Respiratory Diseases and Lung Cancer Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar, Parc de Salut Mar, Health and Experimental Sciences Department (CEXS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona Biomedical Research Park (PRBB), 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (A.P.-V.); (A.L.-P.)
| | - Xavier Duran
- Scientific and Technical Department, Hospital del Mar-IMIM, 08003 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Javier Mateu
- Department of Pharmacy, Hospital del Mar, Parc de Salut Mar, 08003 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Adrián López-Postigo
- Department-Muscle Wasting and Cachexia in Chronic Respiratory Diseases and Lung Cancer Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar, Parc de Salut Mar, Health and Experimental Sciences Department (CEXS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona Biomedical Research Park (PRBB), 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (A.P.-V.); (A.L.-P.)
| | - Esther Barreiro
- Department-Muscle Wasting and Cachexia in Chronic Respiratory Diseases and Lung Cancer Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar, Parc de Salut Mar, Health and Experimental Sciences Department (CEXS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona Biomedical Research Park (PRBB), 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (A.P.-V.); (A.L.-P.)
- Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
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Chen S, Lu XT, He TT, Yishake D, Tan XY, Hou MJ, Luo Y, Long JA, Tang ZH, Zhong RH, Fang AP, Zhu HL. Betaine Delayed Muscle Loss by Attenuating Samtor Complex Inhibition for mTORC1 Signaling Via Increasing SAM Level. Mol Nutr Food Res 2021; 65:e2100157. [PMID: 34061446 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202100157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE The muscle loss during aging results from the blunt of protein synthesis and poses threat to the elderly health. This study aims to investigate whether betaine affects muscle loss by improving protein synthesis. METHODS AND RESULTS Male C57BL/6J mice are raised from age 12 or 15 months. Mice are fed with AIN-93M diet without or with 2% w/v betaine in distilled water as control group or betaine intervention group (Bet), respectively. Betaine supplementation to mice demonstrates better body composition, grip strength, and motor function. Muscle morphology upregulates expression of myogenic regulate factors, and elevates myosin heavy chain and also improves in Bet group. Betaine promotes muscle protein synthesis via tethering mammalian target of rapamycin complex1 protein kinase (mTORC1) on the lysosomal membrane thereby activating mTORC1 signaling. All these effects aforementioned are time-dependent (p < 0.05). Ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography results show that betaine increases S-adenosyl-l-methionine (SAM) via methionine cycle. SAM sensor-Samtor-overexpression in C2C12 cells could displace mTORC1 from lysosome thereby inhibiting the mTORC1 signaling. Addition of betaine attenuates this inhibition by increasing SAM level and then disrupting interaction of Samtor complex. CONCLUSIONS These observations indicate that betaine could promisingly promote protein synthesis to delay age-related muscle loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Chen
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xiao-Ting Lu
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Tong-Tong He
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Dinuerguli Yishake
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xu-Yin Tan
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Meng-Jun Hou
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yun Luo
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jing-An Long
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Zhi-Hong Tang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Rong-Huan Zhong
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Ai-Ping Fang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Hui-Lian Zhu
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, 510080, China
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Rodríguez-Mañas L, Angulo J, Carnicero JA, El Assar M, García-García FJ, Sinclair AJ. Dual effects of insulin resistance on mortality and function in non-diabetic older adults: findings from the Toledo Study of Healthy Aging. GeroScience 2021; 44:1095-1108. [PMID: 34075557 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-021-00384-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin signalling declines with increasing age and impacts skeletal muscle function and longevity in animal models. Our aim was to assess the relationships between insulin resistance (IR) and frailty and mortality in a unique community-dwelling cohort of older people. 991 non-diabetic subjects from the Toledo Study of Healthy Ageing (TSHA) cohort were included. IR was estimated by the homeostasis model assessment index (HOMA-IR) at baseline while frailty was determined by frailty phenotype (FP) and Frailty Trait Scale (FTS) at baseline and after 5-year follow-up. Deaths were also determined. Multivariate regression models were used to analyze the effects of HOMA-IR on outcomes. Age, gender, BMI, education level, cardio- and cerebro-vascular disease, glomerular filtration rate, and disability were included as potential confounding variables in progressive adjustment models. IR determined as increasing log HOMA-IR was inversely associated with risk of mortality. The association remained significant for all adjustment models (HR: 0.64-0.69). When we analyzed survival curves, the higher the HOMA-IR tertile, the lower the mortality rate (highest vs lowest tertile, p = 0.0082). In contrast, IR increased the risk of incident frailty determined by FP (OR 1.81 [1.14-2.87]) as well as deterioration of frailty status determined by worsening in FTS score (OR 1.28 [1.01-1.63]) at 5-year follow-up. In non-diabetic older subjects, IR significantly increases the risk for frailty and functional decline but decreased the risk of death at 5-year follow-up. This finding raises the need of assessing the effect of biomarkers on different outcomes before establishing their role as biomarkers of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leocadio Rodríguez-Mañas
- Servicio de Geriatría, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Getafe, Spain.
- Fundación de Investigación Biomédica del Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Getafe, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Ctra de Toledo km 12,500, 28905, Getafe, Spain.
| | - Javier Angulo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Servicio de Histología-Investigación, Unidad de Investigación Traslacional en Cardiología (IRYCIS-UFV), Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - José A Carnicero
- Fundación de Investigación Biomédica del Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Getafe, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mariam El Assar
- Fundación de Investigación Biomédica del Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Getafe, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Alan J Sinclair
- Foundation for Diabetes Research in Older People (fDROP) and King's College London, London, UK
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40
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Babygirija R, Lamming DW. The regulation of healthspan and lifespan by dietary amino acids. TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE OF AGING 2021; 5:17-30. [PMID: 34263088 PMCID: PMC8277109 DOI: 10.1016/j.tma.2021.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
As a key macronutrient and source of essential macromolecules, dietary protein plays a significant role in health. For many years, protein-rich diets have been recommended as healthy due to the satiety-inducing and muscle-building effects of protein, as well as the ability of protein calories to displace allegedly unhealthy calories from fats and carbohydrates. However, clinical studies find that consumption of dietary protein is associated with an increased risk of multiple diseases, especially diabetes, while studies in rodents have demonstrated that protein restriction can promote metabolic health and even lifespan. Emerging evidence suggests that the effects of dietary protein on health and longevity are not mediated simply by protein quantity but are instead mediated by protein quality - the specific amino acid composition of the diet. Here, we discuss how dietary protein and specific amino acids including methionine, the branched chain amino acids (leucine, isoleucine, and valine), tryptophan and glycine regulate metabolic health, healthspan, and aging, with attention to the specific molecular mechanisms that may participate in these effects. Finally, we discuss the potential applicability of these findings to promoting healthy aging in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reji Babygirija
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
- Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Dudley W. Lamming
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
- Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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Zmijewski P, Leońska-Duniec A. Association between the FTO A/T Polymorphism and Elite Athlete Status in Caucasian Swimmers. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:715. [PMID: 34064570 PMCID: PMC8151273 DOI: 10.3390/genes12050715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The FTO A/T polymorphism (rs9939609) has been strongly associated with body mass-related traits in nonathletic populations, but rarely with elite athletic performance. The aim of the study was to investigate the association between the A/T polymorphism and athlete status in elite swimmers. Polish swimmers (n = 196) who competed in national and international competition at short- (SDS; 50-200 m; n = 147) and long-distance events (LDS; ≥400 m; n = 49) were recruited. The control group included 379 unrelated, sedentary young participants. The participants were all Caucasians. Genotyping was carried out using real-time PCR. It was found that the chance of being an elite swimmer was lower in carriers of the AT and AA genotype compared with TT homozygotes (1.5 and 2.0 times, respectively). These findings were confirmed in an allelic association; the A allele was less frequent in the swimmers compared with controls (p = 0.004). However, when SDS were compared against LDS, no significant differences were observed in genotypic and allelic distribution. The results of our experiment suggest that the variation within the FTO gene can affect elite athlete status. It was demonstrated that harboring the T allele may be beneficial for achieving success in a sport such as swimming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Zmijewski
- Jozef Pilsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, 00-809 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agata Leońska-Duniec
- Faculty of Physical Education, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, 80-336 Gdansk, Poland;
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Solsona R, Pavlin L, Bernardi H, Sanchez AMJ. Molecular Regulation of Skeletal Muscle Growth and Organelle Biosynthesis: Practical Recommendations for Exercise Training. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2741. [PMID: 33800501 PMCID: PMC7962973 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The regulation of skeletal muscle mass and organelle homeostasis is dependent on the capacity of cells to produce proteins and to recycle cytosolic portions. In this investigation, the mechanisms involved in skeletal muscle mass regulation-especially those associated with proteosynthesis and with the production of new organelles-are presented. Thus, the critical roles of mammalian/mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) pathway and its regulators are reviewed. In addition, the importance of ribosome biogenesis, satellite cells involvement, myonuclear accretion, and some major epigenetic modifications related to protein synthesis are discussed. Furthermore, several studies conducted on the topic of exercise training have recognized the central role of both endurance and resistance exercise to reorganize sarcomeric proteins and to improve the capacity of cells to build efficient organelles. The molecular mechanisms underlying these adaptations to exercise training are presented throughout this review and practical recommendations for exercise prescription are provided. A better understanding of the aforementioned cellular pathways is essential for both healthy and sick people to avoid inefficient prescriptions and to improve muscle function with emergent strategies (e.g., hypoxic training). Finally, current limitations in the literature and further perspectives, notably on epigenetic mechanisms, are provided to encourage additional investigations on this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Solsona
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Performance Santé Environnement de Montagne (LIPSEM), Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Perpignan Via Domitia, UR 4640, 7 Avenue Pierre de Coubertin, 66120 Font-Romeu, France;
| | - Laura Pavlin
- DMEM, University of Montpellier, INRAE UMR866, 2 Place Pierre Viala, 34060 Montpellier, France; (L.P.); (H.B.)
| | - Henri Bernardi
- DMEM, University of Montpellier, INRAE UMR866, 2 Place Pierre Viala, 34060 Montpellier, France; (L.P.); (H.B.)
| | - Anthony MJ Sanchez
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Performance Santé Environnement de Montagne (LIPSEM), Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Perpignan Via Domitia, UR 4640, 7 Avenue Pierre de Coubertin, 66120 Font-Romeu, France;
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Dasgupta A, Shukla SK, Vernucci E, King RJ, Abrego J, Mulder SE, Mullen NJ, Graves G, Buettner K, Thakur R, Murthy D, Attri KS, Wang D, Chaika NV, Pacheco CG, Rai I, Engle DD, Grandgenett PM, Punsoni M, Reames BN, Teoh-Fitzgerald M, Oberley-Deegan R, Yu F, Klute KA, Hollingsworth MA, Zimmerman MC, Mehla K, Sadoshima J, Tuveson DA, Singh PK. SIRT1-NOX4 signaling axis regulates cancer cachexia. J Exp Med 2021; 217:151806. [PMID: 32441762 PMCID: PMC7336299 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20190745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Approximately one third of cancer patients die due to complexities related to cachexia. However, the mechanisms of cachexia and the potential therapeutic interventions remain poorly studied. We observed a significant positive correlation between SIRT1 expression and muscle fiber cross-sectional area in pancreatic cancer patients. Rescuing Sirt1 expression by exogenous expression or pharmacological agents reverted cancer cell–induced myotube wasting in culture conditions and mouse models. RNA-seq and follow-up analyses showed cancer cell–mediated SIRT1 loss induced NF-κB signaling in cachectic muscles that enhanced the expression of FOXO transcription factors and NADPH oxidase 4 (Nox4), a key regulator of reactive oxygen species production. Additionally, we observed a negative correlation between NOX4 expression and skeletal muscle fiber cross-sectional area in pancreatic cancer patients. Knocking out Nox4 in skeletal muscles or pharmacological blockade of Nox4 activity abrogated tumor-induced cachexia in mice. Thus, we conclude that targeting the Sirt1–Nox4 axis in muscles is an effective therapeutic intervention for mitigating pancreatic cancer–induced cachexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneesha Dasgupta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Surendra K Shukla
- The Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Enza Vernucci
- The Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Ryan J King
- The Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Jaime Abrego
- The Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Scott E Mulder
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Nicholas J Mullen
- The Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Gavin Graves
- The Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Kyla Buettner
- The Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Ravi Thakur
- The Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Divya Murthy
- The Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Kuldeep S Attri
- The Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Dezhen Wang
- The Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Nina V Chaika
- The Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Camila G Pacheco
- The Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Ibha Rai
- The Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Dannielle D Engle
- Cancer Center at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY
| | - Paul M Grandgenett
- The Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Michael Punsoni
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Bradley N Reames
- Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Melissa Teoh-Fitzgerald
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Rebecca Oberley-Deegan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Fang Yu
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Kelsey A Klute
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Michael A Hollingsworth
- The Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Matthew C Zimmerman
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Kamiya Mehla
- The Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Junichi Sadoshima
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ
| | - David A Tuveson
- Cancer Center at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY
| | - Pankaj K Singh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE.,The Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE.,Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
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Richardson NE, Konon EN, Schuster HS, Mitchell AT, Boyle C, Rodgers AC, Finke M, Haider LR, Yu D, Flores V, Pak HH, Ahmad S, Ahmed S, Radcliff A, Wu J, Williams EM, Abdi L, Sherman DS, Hacker T, Lamming DW. Lifelong restriction of dietary branched-chain amino acids has sex-specific benefits for frailty and lifespan in mice. NATURE AGING 2021; 1:73-86. [PMID: 33796866 PMCID: PMC8009080 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-020-00006-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Protein restricted (PR) diets promote health and longevity in many species. While the precise components of a PR diet that mediate the beneficial effects to longevity have not been defined, we recently showed that many metabolic effects of PR can be attributed to reduced dietary levels of the branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) leucine, isoleucine, and valine. Here, we demonstrate that restricting dietary BCAAs increases the survival of two different progeroid mouse models, delays frailty and promotes the metabolic health of wild-type C57BL/6J mice when started in midlife, and leads to a 30% increase in lifespan and a reduction in frailty in male, but not female, wild-type mice when fed lifelong. Our results demonstrate that restricting dietary BCAAs can increase healthspan and longevity in mice, and suggest that reducing dietary BCAAs may hold potential as a translatable intervention to promote healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole E. Richardson
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI
- Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology Graduate Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Elizabeth N. Konon
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI
| | - Haley S. Schuster
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI
| | - Alexis T. Mitchell
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI
| | - Colin Boyle
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI
| | | | - Megan Finke
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI
| | - Lexington R. Haider
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI
| | - Deyang Yu
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI
| | - Victoria Flores
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Heidi H. Pak
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Soha Ahmad
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI
| | - Sareyah Ahmed
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI
| | - Abigail Radcliff
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI
| | - Jessica Wu
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI
| | - Elizabeth M. Williams
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI
| | - Lovina Abdi
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI
| | - Dawn S. Sherman
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI
| | - Timothy Hacker
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Dudley W. Lamming
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI
- Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology Graduate Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI, USA
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45
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SIRT1 Inhibits High Shear Stress-Induced Apoptosis in Rat Cortical Neurons. Cell Mol Bioeng 2020; 13:621-631. [PMID: 33281991 DOI: 10.1007/s12195-020-00623-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Sirtuin1 (SIRT1), one of NAD+-dependent protein deacetylases, is proved to be neuroprotective in aging diseases, but its effect on neuronal apoptosis has not been clarified. To investigate the role of SIRT1 in inhibiting neuronal apoptosis, SIRT1 was interfered or overexpressed in cortical neurons. Methods We exerted overloading laminar shear stress with 10 dyn/cm2 for 4, 8, and 12 h on neurons to cause cortical neuronal apoptosis, and the apoptosis percentage was tested by TUNEL assay. The adenovirus plasmids containing SIRT1 RNA interference or SIRT1 wild type gene were transfected into neurons before shear stress loading. SIRT1 mRNA and protein level were tested by Real-time PCR, immunofluorescence and western blots assay. Results SIRT1 was primarily expressed in nucleus of cortical neurons, and its mRNA level was significantly increased after 4 h stimulation. SIRT1 RNAi cortical neurons had higher TUNEL positive cells, while SIRT1 overexpression significantly decreased the percentage of died cells induced by shear stress compared to control group. Conclusions SIRT1 plays a neuroprotective role in shear stress induced apoptosis and could be as potential pharmacological targets against neuronal degeneration in future.
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Hołowko-Ziółek J, Cięszczyk P, Biliński J, Basak GW, Stachowska E. What Model of Nutrition Can Be Recommended to People Ending Their Professional Sports Career? An Analysis of the Mediterranean Diet and the CRON Diet in the Context of Former Athletes. Nutrients 2020; 12:E3604. [PMID: 33255295 PMCID: PMC7761328 DOI: 10.3390/nu12123604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Athletes who retire from their sporting career face an increase in body weight, leading to overweight or obesity. Simultaneously, a significant number of these athletes meet the criteria of metabolic syndrome. The available literature does not offer clearly defined standards of nutrition for the discussed group of people. In this situation, it seems advisable to develop different standards of dietary behavior typical of athletes finishing their sports careers. For this purpose, the study analyzed two types of diets: the Mediterranean diet and the Calorie Restriction with Optimal Nutrition (CRON) diet based on significant calorie restrictions. Both diets seem to meet the requirements of this group of people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Hołowko-Ziółek
- Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland; (J.H.-Z.); (E.S.)
- Department of Diabetology and Internal Diseases, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 72-010 Police, Poland
| | - Paweł Cięszczyk
- Department of Molecular Biology, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sports, 80-307 Gdansk, Poland;
| | - Jarosław Biliński
- Department of Hematology, Transplantation and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Grzegorz W. Basak
- Department of Hematology, Transplantation and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Ewa Stachowska
- Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland; (J.H.-Z.); (E.S.)
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47
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Pascual-Fernández J, Fernández-Montero A, Córdova-Martínez A, Pastor D, Martínez-Rodríguez A, Roche E. Sarcopenia: Molecular Pathways and Potential Targets for Intervention. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228844. [PMID: 33266508 PMCID: PMC7700275 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with sarcopenia. The loss of strength results in decreased muscle mass and motor function. This process accelerates the progressive muscle deterioration observed in older adults, favoring the presence of debilitating pathologies. In addition, sarcopenia leads to a decrease in quality of life, significantly affecting self-sufficiency. Altogether, these results in an increase in economic resources from the National Health Systems devoted to mitigating this problem in the elderly, particularly in developed countries. Different etiological determinants are involved in the progression of the disease, including: neurological factors, endocrine alterations, as well as nutritional and lifestyle changes related to the adoption of more sedentary habits. Molecular and cellular mechanisms have not been clearly characterized, resulting in the absence of an effective treatment for sarcopenia. Nevertheless, physical activity seems to be the sole strategy to delay sarcopenia and its symptoms. The present review intends to bring together the data explaining how physical activity modulates at a molecular and cellular level all factors that predispose or favor the progression of this deteriorating pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alfredo Córdova-Martínez
- Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, GIR Physical Exercise and Aging, University of Valladolid, Campus Duques de Soria, 42004 Soria, Spain;
| | - Diego Pastor
- Department of Sport Sciences, University Miguel Hernández (Elche), 03202 Alicante, Spain;
| | - Alejandro Martínez-Rodríguez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Alicante, 3690 Alicante, Spain;
- Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), 03010 Alicante, Spain
| | - Enrique Roche
- Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), 03010 Alicante, Spain
- Department of Applied Biology-Nutrition, Institute of Bioengineering, University Miguel Hernández, 03202 Elche, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-965222029
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Suzuki K, Hirashima N, Fujii Y, Fushimi T, Yamamoto A, Ueno T, Akagi R, Osakabe N. Theaflavins decrease skeletal muscle wasting in disuse atrophy induced by hindlimb suspension in mice. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2020; 68:228-234. [PMID: 34025025 PMCID: PMC8129979 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.20-68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously found that a single dose of theaflavins induced skeletal muscle metabolic changes. In this study, we examined the effect of theaflavins on disuse muscle atrophy model mice by hindlimb suspension. Mice were assigned to 4 groups; ground-vehicle, ground-theaflavins, suspension-vehicle, and suspension-theaflavins, dosed with theaflavins (250 mg/kg/day) for 2 weeks. The peak of myotube size of cross sectional area was significantly moved to the smaller side in the suspension-vehicle group compared with the ground-vehicle group, and these shifts were significantly reduced by the treatment with theaflavins in both soleus and extensor digitorum longus. The level of phosphorylated eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein (4EBP)-1, located downstream of the Akt/mTOR pathway, was significantly different between suspension-vehicle and suspension-theaflavins in soleus. The ratio of forkhead box O (FoxO) 3a to phosphorylated FoxO3a significantly increased in soleus or tended to rise in extensor digitorum longus of suspension-vehicle group compared with ground-vehicle. In contrast, these changes were not observed in suspension-theaflavins group. These results suggested that theaflavins inhibited the progress of disuse muscle atrophy through modulation of protein metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Suzuki
- Department of Bio-science and Engineering, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Munumaku, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - Nayuta Hirashima
- Department of Bio-science and Engineering, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Munumaku, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Fujii
- Department of Bio-science and Engineering, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Munumaku, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - Taiki Fushimi
- Department of Bio-science and Engineering, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Munumaku, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - Ayaka Yamamoto
- Division of Research and Development, Yaizu Suisankagaku Ind. Co. Ltd., 5-8-13 Kogawashinmachi, Yaizu, Shizuoka 425-8570, Japan
| | - Tomoya Ueno
- Division of Research and Development, Yaizu Suisankagaku Ind. Co. Ltd., 5-8-13 Kogawashinmachi, Yaizu, Shizuoka 425-8570, Japan
| | - Ryota Akagi
- Department of Bio-science and Engineering, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Munumaku, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - Naomi Osakabe
- Department of Bio-science and Engineering, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Munumaku, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
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Turner DC, Gorski PP, Maasar MF, Seaborne RA, Baumert P, Brown AD, Kitchen MO, Erskine RM, Dos-Remedios I, Voisin S, Eynon N, Sultanov RI, Borisov OV, Larin AK, Semenova EA, Popov DV, Generozov EV, Stewart CE, Drust B, Owens DJ, Ahmetov II, Sharples AP. DNA methylation across the genome in aged human skeletal muscle tissue and muscle-derived cells: the role of HOX genes and physical activity. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15360. [PMID: 32958812 PMCID: PMC7506549 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72730-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle tissue demonstrates global hypermethylation with age. However, methylome changes across the time-course of differentiation in aged human muscle derived cells, and larger coverage arrays in aged muscle tissue have not been undertaken. Using 850K DNA methylation arrays we compared the methylomes of young (27 ± 4.4 years) and aged (83 ± 4 years) human skeletal muscle and that of young/aged heterogenous muscle-derived human primary cells (HDMCs) over several time points of differentiation (0, 72 h, 7, 10 days). Aged muscle tissue was hypermethylated compared with young tissue, enriched for; pathways-in-cancer (including; focal adhesion, MAPK signaling, PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling, p53 signaling, Jak-STAT signaling, TGF-beta and notch signaling), rap1-signaling, axon-guidance and hippo-signalling. Aged cells also demonstrated a hypermethylated profile in pathways; axon-guidance, adherens-junction and calcium-signaling, particularly at later timepoints of myotube formation, corresponding with reduced morphological differentiation and reductions in MyoD/Myogenin gene expression compared with young cells. While young cells showed little alterations in DNA methylation during differentiation, aged cells demonstrated extensive and significantly altered DNA methylation, particularly at 7 days of differentiation and most notably in focal adhesion and PI3K-AKT signalling pathways. While the methylomes were vastly different between muscle tissue and HDMCs, we identified a small number of CpG sites showing a hypermethylated state with age, in both muscle tissue and cells on genes KIF15, DYRK2, FHL2, MRPS33, ABCA17P. Most notably, differential methylation analysis of chromosomal regions identified three locations containing enrichment of 6–8 CpGs in the HOX family of genes altered with age. With HOXD10, HOXD9, HOXD8, HOXA3, HOXC9, HOXB1, HOXB3, HOXC-AS2 and HOXC10 all hypermethylated in aged tissue. In aged cells the same HOX genes (and additionally HOXC-AS3) displayed the most variable methylation at 7 days of differentiation versus young cells, with HOXD8, HOXC9, HOXB1 and HOXC-AS3 hypermethylated and HOXC10 and HOXC-AS2 hypomethylated. We also determined that there was an inverse relationship between DNA methylation and gene expression for HOXB1, HOXA3 and HOXC-AS3. Finally, increased physical activity in young adults was associated with oppositely regulating HOXB1 and HOXA3 methylation compared with age. Overall, we demonstrate that a considerable number of HOX genes are differentially epigenetically regulated in aged human skeletal muscle and HDMCs and increased physical activity may help prevent age-related epigenetic changes in these HOX genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- D C Turner
- Institute for Physical Performance, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences (NiH), Oslo, Norway.,Stem Cells, Ageing and Molecular Physiology Unit, Exercise Metabolism and Adaptation Research Group, Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK.,Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine (ISTM), School of Pharmacy & Bioengineering, Keele University, Staffordshire, UK
| | - P P Gorski
- Institute for Physical Performance, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences (NiH), Oslo, Norway.,Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine (ISTM), School of Pharmacy & Bioengineering, Keele University, Staffordshire, UK
| | - M F Maasar
- Exercise Metabolism and Adaptation Research Group, Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - R A Seaborne
- Stem Cells, Ageing and Molecular Physiology Unit, Exercise Metabolism and Adaptation Research Group, Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK.,Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine (ISTM), School of Pharmacy & Bioengineering, Keele University, Staffordshire, UK.,Centre for Genomics and Child Health, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - P Baumert
- Exercise Metabolism and Adaptation Research Group, Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK.,Exercise Biology Group, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - A D Brown
- Stem Cells, Ageing and Molecular Physiology Unit, Exercise Metabolism and Adaptation Research Group, Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - M O Kitchen
- Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine (ISTM), School of Pharmacy & Bioengineering, Keele University, Staffordshire, UK
| | - R M Erskine
- Exercise Metabolism and Adaptation Research Group, Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK.,Institute of Sport, Exercise and Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - I Dos-Remedios
- Orthopedics Department, University Hospitals of the North Midlands, Keele University, Staffordshire, UK
| | - S Voisin
- Institute for Health and Sport (iHeS), Victoria University, Footscray, VIC, Australia
| | - N Eynon
- Institute for Health and Sport (iHeS), Victoria University, Footscray, VIC, Australia
| | - R I Sultanov
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
| | - O V Borisov
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia.,Institute for Genomic Statistics and Bioinformatics, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - A K Larin
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
| | - E A Semenova
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
| | - D V Popov
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - E V Generozov
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
| | - C E Stewart
- Stem Cells, Ageing and Molecular Physiology Unit, Exercise Metabolism and Adaptation Research Group, Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - B Drust
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - D J Owens
- Stem Cells, Ageing and Molecular Physiology Unit, Exercise Metabolism and Adaptation Research Group, Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK.,Exercise Metabolism and Adaptation Research Group, Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - I I Ahmetov
- Exercise Metabolism and Adaptation Research Group, Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK. .,Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, Russia. .,Department of Physical Education, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Moscow, Russia.
| | - A P Sharples
- Institute for Physical Performance, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences (NiH), Oslo, Norway. .,Stem Cells, Ageing and Molecular Physiology Unit, Exercise Metabolism and Adaptation Research Group, Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK. .,Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine (ISTM), School of Pharmacy & Bioengineering, Keele University, Staffordshire, UK.
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50
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Hor YY, Ooi CH, Lew LC, Jaafar MH, Lau ASY, Lee BK, Azlan A, Choi SB, Azzam G, Liong MT. The molecular mechanisms of probiotic strains in improving ageing bone and muscle of d-galactose-induced ageing rats. J Appl Microbiol 2020; 130:1307-1322. [PMID: 32638482 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to evaluate the molecular mechanisms of Lactobacillus strains in improving ageing of the musculoskeletal system. METHODS AND RESULTS The anti-ageing mechanism of three probiotics strains Lactobacillus fermentum DR9, Lactobacillus paracasei OFS 0291 and L. helveticus OFS 1515 were evaluated on gastrocnemius muscle and tibia of d-galactose-induced ageing rats. Upon senescence induction, aged rats demonstrated reduced antioxidative genes CAT and SOD expression in both bone and muscle compared to the young rats (P < 0·05). Strain L. fermentum DR9 demonstrated improved expression of SOD in bone and muscle compared to the aged rats (P < 0·05). In the evaluation of myogenesis-related genes, L. paracasei OFS 0291 and L. fermentum DR9 increased the mRNA expression of IGF-1; L. helveticus OFS 1515 and L. fermentum DR9 reduced the expression of MyoD, in contrast to the aged controls (P < 0·05). Protective effects of L. fermentum DR9 on ageing muscle were believed to be contributed by increased AMPK-α2 expression. Among the osteoclastogenesis genes studied, TNF-α expression was highly elevated in tibia of aged rats, while all three probiotics strains ameliorated the expression. Lactobacillus fermentum DR9 also reduced the expression of IL-6 and TRAP in tibia when compared to the aged rats (P < 0·05). All probiotics treatment resulted in declined proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β in muscle and bone. CONCLUSIONS Lactobacillus fermentum DR9 appeared to be the strongest strain in modulation of musculoskeletal health during ageing. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The study demonstrated the protective effects of the bacteria on muscle and bone through antioxidative and anti-inflammatory actions. Therefore, L. fermentum DR9 may serve as a promising targeted anti-ageing therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-Y Hor
- School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia.,USM-RIKEN International Centre for Ageing Science (URICAS), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - C-H Ooi
- Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia
| | - L-C Lew
- School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia.,USM-RIKEN International Centre for Ageing Science (URICAS), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - M H Jaafar
- School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia.,USM-RIKEN International Centre for Ageing Science (URICAS), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - A S-Y Lau
- School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - B-K Lee
- School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - A Azlan
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - S-B Choi
- School of Data Sciences, Perdana University, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - G Azzam
- USM-RIKEN International Centre for Ageing Science (URICAS), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia.,School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - M-T Liong
- School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia.,USM-RIKEN International Centre for Ageing Science (URICAS), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
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