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Ahmad S, Drag MH, Mohamad Salleh S, Cai Z, Nielsen MO. Gene coexpression network analysis reveals perirenal adipose tissue as an important target of prenatal malnutrition in sheep. Physiol Genomics 2023; 55:392-413. [PMID: 37458462 PMCID: PMC10642927 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00128.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
We have previously demonstrated that pre- and early postnatal malnutrition in sheep induced depot- and sex-specific changes in adipose morphological features, metabolic outcomes, and transcriptome in adulthood, with perirenal (PER) as the major target followed by subcutaneous (SUB) adipose tissue. We aimed to identify coexpressed and hub genes in SUB and PER to identify the underlying molecular mechanisms contributing to the early nutritional programming of adipose-related phenotypic outcomes. Transcriptomes of SUB and PER of male and female adult sheep with different pre- and early postnatal nutrition histories were used to construct networks of coexpressed genes likely to be functionally associated with pre- and early postnatal nutrition histories and phenotypic traits using weighted gene coexpression network analysis. The modules from PER showed enrichment of cell cycle regulation, gene expression, transmembrane transport, and metabolic processes associated with both sexes' prenatal nutrition. In SUB (only males), a module of enriched adenosine diphosphate metabolism and development correlated with prenatal nutrition. Sex-specific module enrichments were found in PER, such as chromatin modification in the male network but histone modification and mitochondria- and oxidative phosphorylation-related functions in the female network. These sex-specific modules correlated with prenatal nutrition and adipocyte size distribution patterns. Our results point to PER as a primary target of prenatal malnutrition compared to SUB, which played only a minor role. The prenatal programming of gene expression and cell cycle, potentially through epigenetic modifications, might be underlying mechanisms responsible for observed changes in PER expandability and adipocyte-size distribution patterns in adulthood in both sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharmila Ahmad
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Research Unit of Nutrition, Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Aarhus University, Tjele, Denmark
| | - Markus Hodal Drag
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Copenhagen Zoo, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Suraya Mohamad Salleh
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Zexi Cai
- Centre for Quantitative Genetics and Genomics, Aarhus University, Tjele, Denmark
| | - Mette Olaf Nielsen
- Research Unit of Nutrition, Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Aarhus University, Tjele, Denmark
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Wang M, Xu W, Zou J, Li S, Song Z, Zheng F, Ji W, Xu Z, Wang Q. The Programming of Antioxidant Capacity, Immunity, and Lipid Metabolism in Dojo Loach ( Misgurnus anguillicaudatus) Larvae Linked to Sodium Chloride and Hydrogen Peroxide Pre-treatment During Egg Hatching. Front Physiol 2021; 12:768907. [PMID: 34777025 PMCID: PMC8581469 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.768907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-nutritional stress during early life period has been reported to promote the metabolic programming in fish induced by nutritional stimulus. Sodium chloride (NaCl) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) have been widely applied during fish egg hatching, but the influences on health and metabolism of fish in their later life remain unknown. In the present study, H2O2 treatment at 400mg/L but not 200mg/L significantly increased the loach hatchability and decreased the egg mortality, while NaCl treatment at 1,000 and 3,000mg/L showed no significant influences on the loach hatchability nor egg mortality. Further studies indicated that 400mg/L H2O2 pre-treatment significantly enhanced the antioxidant capacity and the mRNA expression of genes involved in immune response of loach larvae, accompanied by the increased expression of genes involved in fish early development. However, the expression of most genes involved in lipid metabolism, including catabolism and anabolism of loach larvae, was significantly upregulated after 200mg/L H2O2 pre-treatment. NaCl pre-treatment also increased the expression of antioxidant enzymes; however, only the expression of C1q within the detected immune-related genes was upregulated in loach larvae. One thousand milligram per liter NaCl pre-treatment significantly increased the expression of LPL and genes involved in fish early development. Thus, our results suggested the programming roles of 400mg/L H2O2 pre-treatment during egg hatching in enhancing antioxidant capacity and immune response of fish larvae via promoting fish early development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengya Wang
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenyu Xu
- Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Jiahong Zou
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuaitong Li
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zixi Song
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Feifei Zheng
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Ji
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhen Xu
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qingchao Wang
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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Weaver LF, Boileau MJ, Gilliam LL, Taylor JD. Characterization of short- and long-term morbidity and mortality of goat kids born to does with pregnancy toxemia. J Vet Intern Med 2021; 35:1155-1163. [PMID: 33634496 PMCID: PMC7995436 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pregnancy toxemia is a common metabolic disease of periparturient small ruminants. Information on its effects on metabolism and perinatal adaptation of newborn lambs and kids is lacking. Objectives Evaluate differences in morbidity, mortality, and common biochemical and hematologic variables between pregnancy toxemia kids (PT) and control kids (CON). Animals Sixteen kids born to does being treated at the hospital for pregnancy toxemia (blood beta‐hydroxybutyrate concentration [BHB] > 1.2 mmol/L) and 12 kids from healthy dams (dam BHB < 1.2 mmol/L) that kidded at the hospital. Methods In this cohort study, serial measurements of blood l‐lactate, glucose, and BHB concentrations, arterial blood gases, hematocrit, total protein concentrations, nonesterified fatty acids (NEFAs) concentrations, and body weight were compared between groups over the first 72 hours of life. Long‐term follow‐up was performed after 3 months. Results Pregnancy toxemia kids were more likely to require tube feeding at 0 and 12 hours (relative risk 7.7 [1.13, 52.45] and 2.8 [1.39, 5.65]). Pregnancy toxemia kids were more acidemic (7.26 ± 0.069 vs 7.34 ± 0.079, P = .003) and hyperlactatemic (8.17 ± 2.57 vs 5.48 ± 2.71, P = .003) at birth than CON kids. Control kids were 1.1 [1.01, 1.77] times more likely to survive to discharge and 2.2 [1.15, 4.20] times more likely to survive to 3 months than PT kids. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Pregnancy toxemia kids had higher short‐ and long‐term mortality and were more likely to require perinatal intervention. Weight loss in the first few days could be a useful predictor of nonsurvival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie F Weaver
- Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - Melanie J Boileau
- Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Lyndi L Gilliam
- Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Jared D Taylor
- Veterinary Pathobiology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
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Lunesu MF, Ledda A, Correddu F, Fancello F, Marzano A, Mossa F, Nudda A, Cannas A, Atzori AS. Prenatal exposure to different diets influences programming of glucose and insulin metabolism in dairy ewes. J Dairy Sci 2020; 103:8853-8863. [PMID: 32747113 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-18342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Nutrition in fetal and postnatal life can influence the development of several biological systems, with permanent effects in adult life. The aim of this work was to investigate in dairy sheep whether diets rich in starch or fiber during intrauterine life (75 d before lambing) and postnatal life (from weaning to first pregnancy; growth phase) program glucose and insulin metabolism in the female offspring during their first pregnancy. Starting from intrauterine life, 20 nulliparous Sarda ewes were exposed to 4 dietary regimens (n = 5 per group) based on different dietary carbohydrates during their intrauterine life and their subsequent growth phase: (1) the fiber (FI) diet during both intrauterine and growth life, (2) the starch (ST) diet during both intrauterine and growth life, (3) the FI diet in intrauterine life followed by the ST diet in the growth phase, and (4) the ST diet in intrauterine life followed by the FI diet in the growth phase. After the end of the growth phase, all growing ewes were fed the same diet and naturally mated. When ewes were pregnant, on average at 124 ± 2 d of gestation they were challenged with an intravenous glucose tolerance test, and peripheral concentrations of glucose and insulin were determined. Basal insulin concentrations were higher in ewes exposed to the ST diet (0.97 μg/L) than in ewes exposed to the FI diet (0.52 μg/L) in intrauterine life. After glucose infusion, glucose and insulin concentrations were not affected by intrauterine diet. Insulin resistance, determined by the homeostasis model assessment, was affected by the intrauterine × growth phases interaction. Insulin sensitivity, assessed by the quantitative insulin check index, was lower in ewes exposed to the ST diet than in those exposed to the FI diet in intrauterine life (ST = 0.28; FI = 0.30). Diet in growth life had no effect on glucose and insulin metabolism. In conclusion, starchy diets offered during intrauterine life but not during postnatal life increased basal insulin level and lowered insulin sensitivity during the first pregnancy. Nutritional strategies of metabolic programming should consider that exposure to starchy diets in late fetal life might favor the programming of dietary nutrient partitioning toward organs with high requirements, such as the gravid uterus or the mammary gland.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F Lunesu
- Dipartimento di Agraria, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - A Ledda
- Dipartimento di Agraria, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - F Correddu
- Dipartimento di Agraria, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - F Fancello
- Dipartimento di Agraria, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - A Marzano
- Dipartimento di Agraria, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - F Mossa
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - A Nudda
- Dipartimento di Agraria, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - A Cannas
- Dipartimento di Agraria, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - A S Atzori
- Dipartimento di Agraria, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
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Khanal P, D. Axel AM, Safayi S, Elbrønd VS, Nielsen MO. Prenatal over- and undernutrition differentially program small intestinal growth, angiogenesis, absorptive capacity, and endocrine function in sheep. Physiol Rep 2020; 8:e14498. [PMID: 32597039 PMCID: PMC7322502 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim was to test the hypothesis that prenatal under- and overnutrition in late gestation can program small intestinal (SI) growth, angiogenesis, and endocrine function to predispose for a hyperabsorptive state, thereby increasing the susceptibility to the adverse effects of an early postnatal obesogenic diet. Twin-pregnant ewes were exposed to adequate (NORM), LOW (50% of NORM), or HIGH (150% energy and 110% protein of NORM) diets through the last trimester (term ~147 days). From 3 days to 6 months of age, their lambs were fed either a moderate (CONV) or a high-carbohydrate high-fat (HCHF) diet. At 6 months of age, responses in plasma metabolites and insulin to refeeding after fasting were determined and then different segments of the SI were sampled at autopsy. Prenatal overnutrition impacts were most abundant in the duodenum where HIGH had increased villus amplification factor and lowered villi thickness with increased IRS-1 and reduced GH-R expressions. In jejunum, HIGH lambs had an increased expression of Lactate gene and amplified when exposed to HCHF postnatally. Specifically, in LOW, sensitivity to HCHF was affected in ileum. Thus, the mismatching LOW-HCHF nutrition increased expressions of angiogenic genes (VEGF, VEGF-R1, ANGPT1, RTK) and increased mucosa layer (tunica mucosa) thickness but reduced muscle layer (Tunica muscularis) thickness. The SI is a target of prenatal nutritional programming, where late gestation overnutrition increased and shifted digestive capacity for carbohydrates toward the jejunum, whereas late gestation undernutrition predisposed for ileal angiogenesis and carbohydrate and fat hyperabsorptive capacity upon subsequent exposure to postnatal obesogenic diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhat Khanal
- Faculty of Biosciences and AquacultureAnimal Science, Production and Welfare DivisionNord UniversitySteinkjerNorway
| | - Anne Marie D. Axel
- Department of Veterinary and Animal SciencesFaculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenFrederiksbergDenmark
| | | | - Vibeke S. Elbrønd
- Department of Veterinary and Animal SciencesFaculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenFrederiksbergDenmark
| | - Mette O. Nielsen
- Department of Animal ScienceFaculty of Technical SciencesAarhus UniversityTjeleDenmark
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Khanal P, Nielsen MO. Is Foetal Programming by Mismatched Pre- and Postnatal Nutrition Contributing to the Prevalence of Obesity in Nepal? Prev Nutr Food Sci 2019; 24:235-244. [PMID: 31608248 PMCID: PMC6779080 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2019.24.3.235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nepal and many developing countries are currently suffering from increased prevalence of obesity, type 2 diabetes, and other metabolic disorders. Unhealthy dietary habits and physical inactivity are traditionally considered as responsible factors for these disorders. The relatively new concept of foetal programming suggests that development of metabolic diseases later in life may be associated with poor nutritional status in utero, and such phenomenon could be amplified by subsequent exposure to unhealthy diets after birth. We suggest that foetal programming and mismatched nutritional situations during foetal and postnatal life are important causative factors for increased prevalence of obesity and metabolic disorders in Nepal. Issues highlighted in this paper may also be relevant to other developing countries with similar socioeconomic status. Undernutrition in foetal life can predispose for visceral fat deposition and may alter dietary preferences towards unhealthy diets, amplifying the risk of nutritional mismatch after birth; this can lead to metabolic disturbances in a number of pathways including glucose and lipid metabolism. Providing attention to early life nutrition could therefore be an important tool to reduce the prevalence of lifestyle diseases in Nepal. Future national health policies should thus include changes in research and intervention activities towards preventing averse early life nutritional programming. Availability of free-of-cost and mandatory nutritional education and medical services to pregnant women and their families and better management of national health care systems including digitalization of national health data could be viable strategies to achieve these goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhat Khanal
- Animal Science, Production and Welfare Division, Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, Steinkjer 7713,
Norway
| | - Mette Olaf Nielsen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg 1353,
Denmark
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Adhikari B, Khanal P, Nielsen MO. Impacts of pre- and postnatal nutrition on glucagon regulation and hepatic signalling in sheep. J Endocrinol 2018; 238:1-12. [PMID: 29674343 DOI: 10.1530/joe-17-0705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate the long-term impacts of early-life nutritional manipulations on glucagon secretion and hepatic signalling, thirty-six twin-pregnant ewes during their last trimester were exposed to NORM (fulfilling 100% of daily energy/protein requirements), HIGH (fulfilling 150/110% of daily energy/protein requirements) or LOW (50% of NORM) diets. Twin lambs were assigned after birth to a moderate (CONV) or high-carbohydrate high-fat (HCHF) diet until 6 months. Then, responses in plasma glucagon concentrations and glucagon ratios relative to previously reported values for insulin, glucose and lactate were determined after intravenous bolus injections of glucose or propionate (fed and 2-day fasting state). Hepatic mRNA expressions of glucagon receptor (GCGR), glucose-6-phosphatase (G6PC), phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) and fructose 1,6-biphosphatase (FBP) were also determined in a sub group of autopsied lambs. Expression of GCGR and all three enzymes were supressed by prenatal LOW compared to NORM (except PEPCK) and HIGH (except FBP) nutrition. The postnatal HCHF diet reduced plasma glucagon responses to propionate and hepatic mRNA expression of all genes. In response to propionate, insulin/glucagon ratio was decreased (fasted state), but lactate/glucagon and glucose/glucagon increased in HCHF compared to CONV lambs. In conclusion, prenatal undernutrition and postnatal overnutrition had similar long-term implications and reduced hepatic glucagon signalling. Glucagon secretory responses to propionate were, however, not related to the prenatal nutrition history, but negatively affected by the postnatal obesogenic diet. The pancreatic α-cell compared to β-cells may thus be less sensitive towards late gestation malnutrition, whereas hepatic glucagon signalling appears to be a target of prenatal programming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bishnu Adhikari
- Department of Veterinary and Animal SciencesFaculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Poultry ScienceUniversity of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA
| | - Prabhat Khanal
- Department of Veterinary and Animal SciencesFaculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Institute of Basic Medical SciencesFaculty of Medicine, The Norwegian Transgenic Centre (NTS), University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture (FBA)Nord University, Steinkjer, Norway
| | - Mette Olaf Nielsen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal SciencesFaculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Johnsen L, Lyckegaard NB, Khanal P, Quistorff B, Raun K, Nielsen MO. Fetal over- and undernutrition differentially program thyroid axis adaptability in adult sheep. Endocr Connect 2018; 7:777-790. [PMID: 29794141 PMCID: PMC5970278 DOI: 10.1530/ec-18-0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to test, whether fetal under- or overnutrition differentially program the thyroid axis with lasting effects on energy metabolism, and if early-life postnatal overnutrition modulates implications of prenatal programming. DESIGN Twin-pregnant sheep (n = 36) were either adequately (NORM), under- (LOW; 50% of NORM) or overnourished (HIGH; 150% of energy and 110% of protein requirements) in the last-trimester of gestation. From 3 days-of-age to 6 months-of-age, twin lambs received a conventional (CONV) or an obesogenic, high-carbohydrate high-fat (HCHF) diet. Subgroups were slaughtered at 6-months-of-age. Remaining lambs were fed a low-fat diet until 2½ years-of-age (adulthood). METHODS Serum hormone levels were determined at 6 months- and 2½ years-of-age. At 2½ years-of-age, feed intake capacity (intake over 4-h following 72-h fasting) was determined, and an intravenous thyroxine tolerance test (iTTT) was performed, including measurements of heart rate, rectal temperature and energy expenditure (EE). RESULTS In the iTTT, the LOW and nutritionally mismatched NORM:HCHF and HIGH:CONV sheep increased serum T3, T3:T4 and T3:TSH less than NORM:CONV, whereas TSH was decreased less in HIGH, NORM:HCHF and LOW:HCHF. Early postnatal exposure to the HCHF diet decreased basal adult EE in NORM and HIGH, but not LOW, and increased adult feed intake capacity in NORM and LOW, but not HIGH.Conclusions: The iTTT revealed a differential programming of central and peripheral HPT axis function in response to late fetal malnutrition and an early postnatal obesogenic diet, with long-term implications for adult HPT axis adaptability and associated consequences for adiposity risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Johnsen
- Department of Large Animal SciencesFaculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - N B Lyckegaard
- Department of Large Animal SciencesFaculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - P Khanal
- Department of Large Animal SciencesFaculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - B Quistorff
- Department of Biomedical SciencesFaculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - K Raun
- Diabetes and Obesity PharmacologyNovo Nordisk A/S, Måløv, Denmark
| | - M O Nielsen
- Department of Large Animal SciencesFaculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Khanal P, Nielsen MO. Impacts of prenatal nutrition on animal production and performance: a focus on growth and metabolic and endocrine function in sheep. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2017; 8:75. [PMID: 28919976 PMCID: PMC5594587 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-017-0205-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The concept of foetal programming (FP) originated from human epidemiological studies, where foetal life nutrition was linked to health and disease status later in life. Since the proposal of this phenomenon, it has been evaluated in various animal models to gain further insights into the mechanisms underlying the foetal origins of health and disease in humans. In FP research, the sheep has been quite extensively used as a model for humans. In this paper we will review findings mainly from our Copenhagen sheep model, on the implications of late gestation malnutrition for growth, development, and metabolic and endocrine functions later in life, and discuss how these implications may depend on the diet fed to the animal in early postnatal life. Our results have indicated that negative implications of foetal malnutrition, both as a result of overnutrition and, particularly, late gestation undernutrition, can impair a wide range of endocrine functions regulating growth and presumably also reproductive traits. These implications are not readily observable early in postnatal life, but are increasingly manifested as the animal approaches adulthood. No intervention or cure is known that can reverse this programming in postnatal life. Our findings suggest that close to normal growth and slaughter results can be obtained at least until puberty in animals which have undergone adverse programming in foetal life, but manifestation of programming effects becomes increasingly evident in adult animals. Due to the risk of transfer of the adverse programming effects to future generations, it is therefore recommended that animals that are suspected to have undergone adverse FP are not used for reproduction. Unfortunately, no reliable biomarkers have as yet been identified that allow accurate identification of adversely programmed offspring at birth, except for very low or high birth weights, and, in pigs, characteristic changes in head shape (dolphin head). Future efforts should be therefore dedicated to identify reliable biomarkers and evaluate their effectiveness for alleviation/reversal of the adverse programming in postnatal life. Our sheep studies have shown that the adverse impacts of an extreme, high-fat diet in early postnatal life, but not prenatal undernutrition, can be largely reversed by dietary correction later in life. Thus, birth (at term) appears to be a critical set point for permanent programming in animals born precocial, such as sheep. Appropriate attention to the nutrition of the late pregnant dam should therefore be a priority in animal production systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhat Khanal
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Grønnegårdsvej 3, 1st floor, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.,Current address: Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Transgenic Animal and Lipid Storage, Norwegian Transgenic Centre (NTS), University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mette Olaf Nielsen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Grønnegårdsvej 3, 1st floor, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
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Liu J, Dias K, Plagnes-Juan E, Veron V, Panserat S, Marandel L. Long-term programming effect of embryonic hypoxia exposure and high-carbohydrate diet at first feeding on glucose metabolism in juvenile rainbow trout. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 220:3686-3694. [PMID: 28798080 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.161406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Environmental conditions experienced during early life play an important role in the long-term metabolic status of individuals. The present study investigated whether hypoxia exposure [for 24 h: 2.5 mg O2 l-1 (20% dissolved O2)] during the embryonic stage alone (hypoxic history) or combined with a 5-day high-carbohydrate (60%) diet stimulus at first feeding (HC dietary history) can affect glucose metabolism later in life, i.e. in juvenile fish. After 19 weeks of growth, we observed a decrease in final body mass in fish with an HC dietary history. Feed efficiency was significantly affected by both hypoxic and HC dietary histories. After a short challenge test (5 days) performed with a 30% carbohydrate diet in juvenile trout, our results also showed that, in trout that experienced hypoxic history, mRNA levels of gluconeogenic genes in liver and glucose transport genes in both liver and muscle were significantly increased at the juvenile stage. Besides, mRNA levels of glycolytic genes were decreased in fish with an HC dietary history. Both hypoxic and dietary histories barely affected plasma metabolites or global epigenetic modifications in juvenile fish after the challenge test. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that an acute hypoxic stimulus during early development alone or combined with a hyperglucidic stimulus at first feeding can modify growth performance and glucose metabolism at the molecular level in juvenile trout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Liu
- INRA, Université de Pau et des pays de l'Adour, UMR1419 Nutrition Metabolism and Aquaculture, Aquapôle, F-64310 Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
| | - Karine Dias
- INRA, Université de Pau et des pays de l'Adour, UMR1419 Nutrition Metabolism and Aquaculture, Aquapôle, F-64310 Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
| | - Elisabeth Plagnes-Juan
- INRA, Université de Pau et des pays de l'Adour, UMR1419 Nutrition Metabolism and Aquaculture, Aquapôle, F-64310 Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
| | - Vincent Veron
- INRA, Université de Pau et des pays de l'Adour, UMR1419 Nutrition Metabolism and Aquaculture, Aquapôle, F-64310 Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
| | - Stéphane Panserat
- INRA, Université de Pau et des pays de l'Adour, UMR1419 Nutrition Metabolism and Aquaculture, Aquapôle, F-64310 Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
| | - Lucie Marandel
- INRA, Université de Pau et des pays de l'Adour, UMR1419 Nutrition Metabolism and Aquaculture, Aquapôle, F-64310 Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
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Liu J, Plagnes-Juan E, Geurden I, Panserat S, Marandel L. Exposure to an acute hypoxic stimulus during early life affects the expression of glucose metabolism-related genes at first-feeding in trout. Sci Rep 2017; 7:363. [PMID: 28337034 PMCID: PMC5428409 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-00458-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) is considered a "glucose-intolerant" species. With the aim of programming trout to improve their metabolic use of dietary carbohydrates, we hypothesised that a hypoxic stimulus applied during embryogenesis could later affect glucose metabolism at the first-feeding stage. An acute hypoxic stimulus (2.5 or 5.0 mg·L-1 O2) was applied for 24 h to non-hatched embryos or early hatched alevins followed by a challenge test with a high carbohydrate diet at first-feeding. The effectiveness of the early hypoxic stimulus was confirmed by the induction of oxygen-sensitive markers such as egln3. At first-feeding, trout previously subjected to the 2.5 mg·L-1 O2 hypoxia displayed a strong induction of glycolytic and glucose transport genes, whereas these glucose metabolism-related genes were affected much less in trout subjected to the less severe (5.0 mg·L-1 O2) hypoxia. Our results demonstrate that an acute hypoxic stimulus during early development can affect glucose metabolism in trout at first-feeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Liu
- INRA, Univ Pau & Pays de l'Adour, UMR1419 Nutrition Metabolism and Aquaculture, F-64310, Saint Pée sur Nivelle, France
| | - Elisabeth Plagnes-Juan
- INRA, Univ Pau & Pays de l'Adour, UMR1419 Nutrition Metabolism and Aquaculture, F-64310, Saint Pée sur Nivelle, France
| | - Inge Geurden
- INRA, Univ Pau & Pays de l'Adour, UMR1419 Nutrition Metabolism and Aquaculture, F-64310, Saint Pée sur Nivelle, France
| | - Stéphane Panserat
- INRA, Univ Pau & Pays de l'Adour, UMR1419 Nutrition Metabolism and Aquaculture, F-64310, Saint Pée sur Nivelle, France
| | - Lucie Marandel
- INRA, Univ Pau & Pays de l'Adour, UMR1419 Nutrition Metabolism and Aquaculture, F-64310, Saint Pée sur Nivelle, France.
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12
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Do very small adipocytes in subcutaneous adipose tissue (a proposed risk factor for insulin insensitivity) have a fetal origin? CLINICAL NUTRITION EXPERIMENTAL 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yclnex.2016.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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13
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Khanal P, Johnsen L, Axel AMD, Hansen PW, Kongsted AH, Lyckegaard NB, Nielsen MO. Long-Term Impacts of Foetal Malnutrition Followed by Early Postnatal Obesity on Fat Distribution Pattern and Metabolic Adaptability in Adult Sheep. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0156700. [PMID: 27257993 PMCID: PMC4892656 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to investigate whether over- versus undernutrition in late foetal life combined with obesity development in early postnatal life have differential implications for fat distribution and metabolic adaptability in adulthood. Twin-pregnant ewes were fed NORM (100% of daily energy and protein requirements), LOW (50% of NORM) or HIGH (150%/110% of energy/protein requirements) diets during the last trimester. Postnatally, twin-lambs received obesogenic (HCHF) or moderate (CONV) diets until 6 months of age, and a moderate (obesity correcting) diet thereafter. At 2½ years of age (adulthood), plasma metabolite profiles during fasting, glucose, insulin and propionate (in fed and fasted states) tolerance tests were examined. Organ weights were determined at autopsy. Early obesity development was associated with lack of expansion of perirenal, but not other adipose tissues from adolescence to adulthood, resulting in 10% unit increased proportion of mesenteric of intra-abdominal fat. Prenatal undernutrition had a similar but much less pronounced effect. Across tolerance tests, LOW-HCHF sheep had highest plasma levels of cholesterol, urea-nitrogen, creatinine, and lactate. Sex specific differences were observed, particularly with respect to fat deposition, but direction of responses to early nutrition impacts were similar. However, prenatal undernutrition induced greater metabolic alterations in adult females than males. Foetal undernutrition, but not overnutrition, predisposed for adult hypercholesterolaemia, hyperureaemia, hypercreatinaemia and hyperlactataemia, which became manifested only in combination with early obesity development. Perirenal expandability may play a special role in this context. Differential nutrition recommendations may be advisable for individuals with low versus high birth weights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhat Khanal
- Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Lærke Johnsen
- Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Anne Marie Dixen Axel
- Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Pernille Willert Hansen
- Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Anna Hauntoft Kongsted
- Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Nette Brinch Lyckegaard
- Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Mette Olaf Nielsen
- Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
- * E-mail:
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14
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Echeverría-Rodríguez O, Gallardo-Ortíz IA, Villalobos-Molina R. Does exercise increase insulin sensitivity through angiotensin 1-7? Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2016; 216:3-6. [PMID: 26485319 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- O. Echeverría-Rodríguez
- Unidad de Investigación en Biomedicina; Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala (FES-Iztacala); Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM); Tlalnepantla Edo. de México Mexico
| | - I. A. Gallardo-Ortíz
- Unidad de Investigación en Biomedicina; Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala (FES-Iztacala); Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM); Tlalnepantla Edo. de México Mexico
| | - R. Villalobos-Molina
- Unidad de Investigación en Biomedicina; Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala (FES-Iztacala); Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM); Tlalnepantla Edo. de México Mexico
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15
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Jahan-Mihan A, Rodriguez J, Christie C, Sadeghi M, Zerbe T. The Role of Maternal Dietary Proteins in Development of Metabolic Syndrome in Offspring. Nutrients 2015; 7:9185-217. [PMID: 26561832 PMCID: PMC4663588 DOI: 10.3390/nu7115460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Revised: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of metabolic syndrome and obesity has been increasing. Pre-natal environment has been suggested as a factor influencing the risk of metabolic syndrome in adulthood. Both observational and experimental studies showed that maternal diet is a major modifier of the development of regulatory systems in the offspring in utero and post-natally. Both protein content and source in maternal diet influence pre- and early post-natal development. High and low protein dams’ diets have detrimental effect on body weight, blood pressure191 and metabolic and intake regulatory systems in the offspring. Moreover, the role of the source of protein in a nutritionally adequate maternal diet in programming of food intake regulatory system, body weight, glucose metabolism and blood pressure in offspring is studied. However, underlying mechanisms are still elusive. The purpose of this review is to examine the current literature related to the role of proteins in maternal diets in development of characteristics of the metabolic syndrome in offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Jahan-Mihan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Brook College of Health, University of North Florida, UNF Dr. Bldg 39, Room 3057A, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA.
| | - Judith Rodriguez
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Brook College of Health, University of North Florida, UNF Dr. Bldg 39, Room 3057A, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA.
| | - Catherine Christie
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Brook College of Health, University of North Florida, UNF Dr. Bldg 39, Room 3057A, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA.
| | - Marjan Sadeghi
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Brook College of Health, University of North Florida, UNF Dr. Bldg 39, Room 3057A, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA.
| | - Tara Zerbe
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Brook College of Health, University of North Florida, UNF Dr. Bldg 39, Room 3057A, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA.
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16
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Persson PB. Insulin. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2015; 214:427-9. [PMID: 26100001 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P B Persson
- Institute of Vegetative Physiology, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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17
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Geurden I, Mennigen J, Plagnes-Juan E, Veron V, Cerezo T, Mazurais D, Zambonino-Infante J, Gatesoupe J, Skiba-Cassy S, Panserat S. High or low dietary carbohydrate:protein ratios during first-feeding affect glucose metabolism and intestinal microbiota in juvenile rainbow trout. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 217:3396-406. [PMID: 25274323 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.106062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Based on the concept of nutritional programming in mammals, we tested whether an acute hyperglucidic-hypoproteic stimulus during first feeding could induce long-term changes in nutrient metabolism in rainbow trout. Trout alevins received during the five first days of exogenous feeding either a hyperglucidic (40% gelatinized starch + 20% glucose) and hypoproteic (20%) diet (VLP diet) or a high-protein (60%) glucose-free diet (HP diet, control). Following a common 105-day period on a commercial diet, both groups were then challenged (65 days) with a carbohydrate-rich diet (28%). Short- and long-term effects of the early stimuli were evaluated in terms of metabolic marker gene expressions and intestinal microbiota as initial gut colonisation is essential for regulating the development of the digestive system. In whole alevins (short term), diet VLP relative to HP rapidly increased gene expressions of glycolytic enzymes, while those involved in gluconeogenesis and amino acid catabolism decreased. However, none of these genes showed persistent molecular adaptation in the liver of challenged juveniles (long term). By contrast, muscle of challenged juveniles subjected previously to the VLP stimulus displayed downregulated expression of markers of glycolysis and glucose transport (not seen in the short term). These fish also had higher plasma glucose (9 h postprandial), suggesting impaired glucose homeostasis induced by the early stimulus. The early stimulus did not modify the expression of the analysed metabolism-related microRNAs, but had short- and long-term effects on intestinal fungi (not bacteria) profiles. In summary, our data show that a short hyperglucidic-hypoproteic stimulus during early life may have a long-term influence on muscle glucose metabolism and intestinal microbiota in trout.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Geurden
- INRA, UR1067 Nutrition Metabolism and Aquaculture, F-64310 Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
| | - J Mennigen
- INRA, UR1067 Nutrition Metabolism and Aquaculture, F-64310 Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
| | - E Plagnes-Juan
- INRA, UR1067 Nutrition Metabolism and Aquaculture, F-64310 Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
| | - V Veron
- INRA, UR1067 Nutrition Metabolism and Aquaculture, F-64310 Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
| | - T Cerezo
- INRA, UR1067 Nutrition Metabolism and Aquaculture, F-64310 Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
| | - D Mazurais
- IFREMER, Laboratoire d'Adaptation, Reproduction et Nutrition des Poissons (ARN), UMR 6539 LEMAR (Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin), Technopôle Brest-Iroise, BP 10070, 29280 Plouzané, France
| | - J Zambonino-Infante
- IFREMER, Laboratoire d'Adaptation, Reproduction et Nutrition des Poissons (ARN), UMR 6539 LEMAR (Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin), Technopôle Brest-Iroise, BP 10070, 29280 Plouzané, France
| | - J Gatesoupe
- INRA, UR1067 Nutrition Metabolism and Aquaculture, F-64310 Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France IFREMER, Laboratoire d'Adaptation, Reproduction et Nutrition des Poissons (ARN), UMR 6539 LEMAR (Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin), Technopôle Brest-Iroise, BP 10070, 29280 Plouzané, France
| | - S Skiba-Cassy
- INRA, UR1067 Nutrition Metabolism and Aquaculture, F-64310 Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
| | - S Panserat
- INRA, UR1067 Nutrition Metabolism and Aquaculture, F-64310 Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
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18
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Khanal P, Axel AMD, Kongsted AH, Husted SV, Johnsen L, Pandey D, Pedersen KL, Birtwistle M, Markussen B, Kadarmideen HN, Nielsen MO. Late gestation under- and overnutrition have differential impacts when combined with a post-natal obesogenic diet on glucose-lactate-insulin adaptations during metabolic challenges in adolescent sheep. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2015; 213:519-36. [PMID: 25204637 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Revised: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
AIM To determine whether late gestation under- and overnutrition programme metabolic plasticity in a similar way, and whether metabolic responses to an obesogenic diet in early post-natal life depend on the foetal nutrition history. METHODS In a 3 × 2 factorial design, twin-pregnant ewes were for the last 6 weeks of gestation (term = 147 days) assigned to HIGH (N = 13; 150 and 110% of energy and protein requirements, respectively), NORM (N = 9; 100% of requirements) or LOW (N = 14; 50% of requirements) diets. The twin offspring were raised on high-carbohydrate-high-fat (HCHF; N = 35) or conventional (CONV; N = 35) diets from 3 days to 6 months of age (around puberty). Then intravenous glucose (GTT; overnight fasted), insulin (ITT; fed) and propionate (gluconeogenetic precursor; PTT; both fed and fasted) tolerance tests were conducted to evaluate (hepatic) metabolic plasticity. RESULTS Prenatal malnutrition differentially impacted adaptations of particularly plasma lactate followed by glucose, cholesterol and insulin. This was most clearly expressed during PTT in fasted lambs and much less during ITT and GTT. In fasted lambs, propionate induced more dramatic increases in lactate than glucose, and HIGH lambs became more hyperglycaemic, hyperlactataemic and secreted less insulin compared to the hypercholesterolaemic LOW lambs. Propionate-induced insulin secretion was virtually abolished in fasted HCHF lambs, but upregulated in fasted compared to fed CONV lambs. HCHF lambs had the greatest glucose-induced insulin secretory responses. CONCLUSION Prenatal malnutrition differentially programmed glucose-lactate metabolic pathways and cholesterol homeostasis. Prenatal overnutrition predisposed for hyperglycaemia and hyperlactataemia, whereas undernutrition predisposed for hypercholesterolaemia upon exposure to an obesogenic diet. Prenatal overnutrition (not undernutrition) interfered with pancreatic insulin secretion by non-glucose-dependent mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Khanal
- Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Frederiksberg C Denmark
| | - A. M. D. Axel
- Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Frederiksberg C Denmark
| | - A. H. Kongsted
- Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Frederiksberg C Denmark
| | - S. V. Husted
- Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Frederiksberg C Denmark
| | - L. Johnsen
- Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Frederiksberg C Denmark
| | - D. Pandey
- Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Frederiksberg C Denmark
- School of Science and Technology; Örebro University; Örebro Sweden
| | - K. L. Pedersen
- Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Frederiksberg C Denmark
| | - M. Birtwistle
- Early Life Research Unit; Academic Division of Child Health; School of Medicine; Nottingham University; Nottingham UK
| | - B. Markussen
- Department of Mathematical Sciences; Faculty of Science; Laboratory of Applied Statistics; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - H. N. Kadarmideen
- Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Frederiksberg C Denmark
| | - M. O. Nielsen
- Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Frederiksberg C Denmark
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Dellschaft NS, Alexandre-Gouabau MC, Gardner DS, Antignac JP, Keisler DH, Budge H, Symonds ME, Sebert SP. Effect of pre- and postnatal growth and post-weaning activity on glucose metabolism in the offspring. J Endocrinol 2015; 224:171-82. [PMID: 25416820 DOI: 10.1530/joe-14-0600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Maternal caloric restriction during late gestation reduces birth weight, but whether long-term adverse metabolic outcomes of intra-uterine growth retardation (IUGR) are dependent on either accelerated postnatal growth or exposure to an obesogenic environment after weaning is not established. We induced IUGR in twin-pregnant sheep using a 40% maternal caloric restriction commencing from 110 days of gestation until term (∼147 days), compared with mothers fed to 100% of requirements. Offspring were reared either as singletons to accelerate postnatal growth or as twins to achieve standard growth. To promote an adverse phenotype in young adulthood, after weaning, offspring were reared under a low-activity obesogenic environment with the exception of a subgroup of IUGR offspring, reared as twins, maintained in a standard activity environment. We assessed glucose tolerance together with leptin and cortisol responses to feeding in young adulthood when the hypothalamus was sampled for assessment of genes regulating appetite control, energy and endocrine sensitivity. Caloric restriction reduced maternal plasma glucose, raised non-esterified fatty acids, and changed the metabolomic profile, but had no effect on insulin, leptin, or cortisol. IUGR offspring whose postnatal growth was enhanced and were obese showed insulin and leptin resistance plus raised cortisol. This was accompanied by increased hypothalamic gene expression for energy and glucocorticoid sensitivity. These long-term adaptations were reduced but not normalized in IUGR offspring whose postnatal growth was not accelerated and remained lean in a standard post-weaning environment. IUGR results in an adverse metabolic phenotype, especially when postnatal growth is enhanced and offspring progress to juvenile-onset obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neele S Dellschaft
- Early Life Research UnitAcademic Division of Child Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Queen's Medical Centre, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UKINRA and University of NantesUMR-1280 Physiologie des Adaptations Nutritionnelles, CHU Hôtel Dieu, 44093 Nantes cedex 1, FranceSchool of Veterinary Medicine and ScienceThe University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Nottingham LE12 5RD, UKInstitute of Health SciencesCentre for Life-Course Epidemiology, and Biocentre Oulu, University of Oulu, Aapistie 5B, 90014 Oulu, FinlandOnirisLaboratoire d'Etude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments, LUNAM Université, USC INRA 1329, Nantes, FranceDepartment of Animal ScienceUniversity of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA Early Life Research UnitAcademic Division of Child Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Queen's Medical Centre, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UKINRA and University of NantesUMR-1280 Physiologie des Adaptations Nutritionnelles, CHU Hôtel Dieu, 44093 Nantes cedex 1, FranceSchool of Veterinary Medicine and ScienceThe University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Nottingham LE12 5RD, UKInstitute of Health SciencesCentre for Life-Course Epidemiology, and Biocentre Oulu, University of Oulu, Aapistie 5B, 90014 Oulu, FinlandOnirisLaboratoire d'Etude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments, LUNAM Université, USC INRA 1329, Nantes, FranceDepartment of Animal ScienceUniversity of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - Marie-Cecile Alexandre-Gouabau
- Early Life Research UnitAcademic Division of Child Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Queen's Medical Centre, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UKINRA and University of NantesUMR-1280 Physiologie des Adaptations Nutritionnelles, CHU Hôtel Dieu, 44093 Nantes cedex 1, FranceSchool of Veterinary Medicine and ScienceThe University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Nottingham LE12 5RD, UKInstitute of Health SciencesCentre for Life-Course Epidemiology, and Biocentre Oulu, University of Oulu, Aapistie 5B, 90014 Oulu, FinlandOnirisLaboratoire d'Etude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments, LUNAM Université, USC INRA 1329, Nantes, FranceDepartment of Animal ScienceUniversity of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - David S Gardner
- Early Life Research UnitAcademic Division of Child Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Queen's Medical Centre, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UKINRA and University of NantesUMR-1280 Physiologie des Adaptations Nutritionnelles, CHU Hôtel Dieu, 44093 Nantes cedex 1, FranceSchool of Veterinary Medicine and ScienceThe University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Nottingham LE12 5RD, UKInstitute of Health SciencesCentre for Life-Course Epidemiology, and Biocentre Oulu, University of Oulu, Aapistie 5B, 90014 Oulu, FinlandOnirisLaboratoire d'Etude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments, LUNAM Université, USC INRA 1329, Nantes, FranceDepartment of Animal ScienceUniversity of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - Jean-Philippe Antignac
- Early Life Research UnitAcademic Division of Child Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Queen's Medical Centre, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UKINRA and University of NantesUMR-1280 Physiologie des Adaptations Nutritionnelles, CHU Hôtel Dieu, 44093 Nantes cedex 1, FranceSchool of Veterinary Medicine and ScienceThe University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Nottingham LE12 5RD, UKInstitute of Health SciencesCentre for Life-Course Epidemiology, and Biocentre Oulu, University of Oulu, Aapistie 5B, 90014 Oulu, FinlandOnirisLaboratoire d'Etude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments, LUNAM Université, USC INRA 1329, Nantes, FranceDepartment of Animal ScienceUniversity of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - Duane H Keisler
- Early Life Research UnitAcademic Division of Child Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Queen's Medical Centre, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UKINRA and University of NantesUMR-1280 Physiologie des Adaptations Nutritionnelles, CHU Hôtel Dieu, 44093 Nantes cedex 1, FranceSchool of Veterinary Medicine and ScienceThe University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Nottingham LE12 5RD, UKInstitute of Health SciencesCentre for Life-Course Epidemiology, and Biocentre Oulu, University of Oulu, Aapistie 5B, 90014 Oulu, FinlandOnirisLaboratoire d'Etude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments, LUNAM Université, USC INRA 1329, Nantes, FranceDepartment of Animal ScienceUniversity of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - Helen Budge
- Early Life Research UnitAcademic Division of Child Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Queen's Medical Centre, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UKINRA and University of NantesUMR-1280 Physiologie des Adaptations Nutritionnelles, CHU Hôtel Dieu, 44093 Nantes cedex 1, FranceSchool of Veterinary Medicine and ScienceThe University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Nottingham LE12 5RD, UKInstitute of Health SciencesCentre for Life-Course Epidemiology, and Biocentre Oulu, University of Oulu, Aapistie 5B, 90014 Oulu, FinlandOnirisLaboratoire d'Etude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments, LUNAM Université, USC INRA 1329, Nantes, FranceDepartment of Animal ScienceUniversity of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - Michael E Symonds
- Early Life Research UnitAcademic Division of Child Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Queen's Medical Centre, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UKINRA and University of NantesUMR-1280 Physiologie des Adaptations Nutritionnelles, CHU Hôtel Dieu, 44093 Nantes cedex 1, FranceSchool of Veterinary Medicine and ScienceThe University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Nottingham LE12 5RD, UKInstitute of Health SciencesCentre for Life-Course Epidemiology, and Biocentre Oulu, University of Oulu, Aapistie 5B, 90014 Oulu, FinlandOnirisLaboratoire d'Etude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments, LUNAM Université, USC INRA 1329, Nantes, FranceDepartment of Animal ScienceUniversity of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - Sylvain P Sebert
- Early Life Research UnitAcademic Division of Child Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Queen's Medical Centre, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UKINRA and University of NantesUMR-1280 Physiologie des Adaptations Nutritionnelles, CHU Hôtel Dieu, 44093 Nantes cedex 1, FranceSchool of Veterinary Medicine and ScienceThe University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Nottingham LE12 5RD, UKInstitute of Health SciencesCentre for Life-Course Epidemiology, and Biocentre Oulu, University of Oulu, Aapistie 5B, 90014 Oulu, FinlandOnirisLaboratoire d'Etude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments, LUNAM Université, USC INRA 1329, Nantes, FranceDepartment of Animal ScienceUniversity of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA Early Life Research UnitAcademic Division of Child Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Queen's Medical Centre, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UKINRA and University of NantesUMR-1280 Physiologie des Adaptations Nutritionnelles, CHU Hôtel Dieu, 44093 Nantes cedex 1, FranceSchool of Veterinary Medicine and ScienceThe University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Nottingham LE12 5RD, UKInstitute of Health SciencesCentre for Life-Course Epidemiology, and Biocentre Oulu, University of Oulu, Aapistie 5B, 90014 Oulu, FinlandOnirisLaboratoire d'Etude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments, LUNAM Université, USC INRA 1329, Nantes, FranceDepartment of Animal ScienceUniversity of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
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20
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Nielsen JH, Haase TN, Jaksch C, Nalla A, Søstrup B, Nalla AA, Larsen L, Rasmussen M, Dalgaard LT, Gaarn LW, Thams P, Kofod H, Billestrup N. Impact of fetal and neonatal environment on beta cell function and development of diabetes. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2014; 93:1109-22. [DOI: 10.1111/aogs.12504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jens H. Nielsen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
- Center for Fetal Programming; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Tobias N. Haase
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
- Center for Fetal Programming; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Caroline Jaksch
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
- Center for Fetal Programming; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Amarnadh Nalla
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
- Center for Fetal Programming; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Birgitte Søstrup
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
- Center for Fetal Programming; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Anjana A. Nalla
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
- Center for Fetal Programming; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Louise Larsen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
- Center for Fetal Programming; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Morten Rasmussen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
- Center for Fetal Programming; Copenhagen Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Louise T. Dalgaard
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
- Department of Science; Roskilde University; Roskilde Denmark
| | - Louise W. Gaarn
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
- Center for Fetal Programming; Copenhagen Denmark
- Novo Nordisk; Måløv Denmark
| | - Peter Thams
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
- Center for Fetal Programming; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Hans Kofod
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Nils Billestrup
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
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Schmerbach K, Patzak A. The metabolic syndrome: is it the mother's fault? Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2014; 210:702-4. [PMID: 24479946 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Schmerbach
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Institut für Vegetative Physiologie; Berlin Germany
| | - A. Patzak
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Institut für Vegetative Physiologie; Berlin Germany
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Hou L, Hellgren LI, Kongsted AH, Vaag A, Nielsen MO. Pre-natal undernutrition and post-natal overnutrition are associated with permanent changes in hepatic metabolism markers and fatty acid composition in sheep. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2014; 210:317-29. [PMID: 24313944 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2013] [Revised: 10/29/2013] [Accepted: 11/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM Determine the impacts of pre- and early-post-natal nutrition on selected markers of hepatic glucose and fat metabolism. METHODS Twin-bearing ewes were fed 100% (NORM) or 50% (LOW) of protein and energy requirements during the last 6-weeks of gestation. Twin-lambs received either a high-carbohydrate high-fat (HCHF) or conventional (CONV) diet from 3 days to 6 months of age (around puberty), whereafter lambs from the four subgroups were slaughtered (16 males/3 females). Remaining lambs (19 females) were fed a moderate diet and slaughtered at 2 years of age (young adults). RESULTS Pre-natal LOW nutrition was associated with increased hepatic triglyceride, ceramide and free fatty acid content in adulthood (not observed in lambs), which was accompanied by up-regulated early-stage insulin signalling as reflected by increased INSRβ and PI3K-p110 protein expression. The HCHF diet increased hepatic triglyceride content in lambs, associated with down-regulated expressions of energy-metabolism-related genes (GLUT1, PPARα, SREBP1c, PEPCK). These post-natal effects were not observed in adult HCHF sheep, after they had received a moderate (body-fat correcting) diet for 1.5 years. Interestingly, pre-natal LOW nutrition induced permanent alterations in hepatic phospholipids' fatty acid composition. Thus, the amount of linoleic acid (C18 : 2 ∆(9,12)) was significantly increased and composition of rumen-derived fatty acids were altered, indicating changed composition of rumenal microbiota. CONCLUSION Hepatic insulin signalling and linoleic and microbial-derived fatty acid content in phospholipids are targets of foetal programming induced by late-gestation undernutrition. Future studies are required to explain their cause-effect associations with increased risks of developing hepatic steatosis and insulin insensitivity in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Hou
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences; Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Frederiksberg Denmark
- Centre for Fetal Programming; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - L. I. Hellgren
- Centre for Fetal Programming; Copenhagen Denmark
- Center for Biological Sequence Analysis; Technical University of Denmark; Lyngby Denmark
| | - A. H. Kongsted
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences; Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Frederiksberg Denmark
- Centre for Fetal Programming; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - A. Vaag
- Centre for Fetal Programming; Copenhagen Denmark
- Department of Endocrinology; Rigshospitalet; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - M. O. Nielsen
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences; Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Frederiksberg Denmark
- Centre for Fetal Programming; Copenhagen Denmark
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23
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Hou L, Kongsted AH, Ghoreishi SM, Takhtsabzy TK, Friedrichsen M, Hellgren LI, Kadarmideen HN, Vaag A, Nielsen MO. Pre- and early-postnatal nutrition modify gene and protein expressions of muscle energy metabolism markers and phospholipid Fatty Acid composition in a muscle type specific manner in sheep. PLoS One 2013; 8:e65452. [PMID: 23755234 PMCID: PMC3675032 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0065452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2012] [Accepted: 04/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that undernutrition in late fetal life reduced whole-body insulin sensitivity in adult sheep, irrespective of dietary exposure in early postnatal life. Skeletal muscle may play an important role in control of insulin action. We therefore studied a range of putative key muscle determinants of insulin signalling in two types of skeletal muscles (longissimus dorsi (LD) and biceps femoris (BF)) and in the cardiac muscle (ventriculus sinister cordis (VSC)) of sheep from the same experiment. Twin-bearing ewes were fed either 100% (NORM) or 50% (LOW) of their energy and protein requirements during the last trimester of gestation. From day-3 postpartum to 6-months of age (around puberty), twin offspring received a high-carbohydrate-high-fat (HCHF) or a moderate-conventional (CONV) diet, whereafter all males were slaughtered. Females were subsequently raised on a moderate diet and slaughtered at 2-years of age (young adults). The only long-term consequences of fetal undernutrition observed in adult offspring were lower expressions of the insulin responsive glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) protein and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, coactivator 1α (PGC1α) mRNA in BF, but increased PGC1α expression in VSC. Interestingly, the HCHF diet in early postnatal life was associated with somewhat paradoxically increased expressions in LD of a range of genes (but not proteins) related to glucose uptake, insulin signalling and fatty acid oxidation. Except for fatty acid oxidation genes, these changes persisted into adulthood. No persistent expression changes were observed in BF and VSC. The HCHF diet increased phospholipid ratios of n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in all muscles, even in adults fed identical diets for 1½ years. In conclusion, early postnatal, but not late gestation, nutrition had long-term consequences for a number of determinants of insulin action and metabolism in LD. Tissues other than muscle may account for reduced whole body insulin sensitivity in adult LOW sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Hou
- Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
- Center for Fetal Programming, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anna H. Kongsted
- Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
- Center for Fetal Programming, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Tasnim K. Takhtsabzy
- Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Martin Friedrichsen
- Department of Endocrinology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, the August Krogh Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars I. Hellgren
- Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
- Center for Fetal Programming, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Haja N. Kadarmideen
- Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Allan Vaag
- Department of Endocrinology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Center for Fetal Programming, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mette O. Nielsen
- Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
- Center for Fetal Programming, Copenhagen, Denmark
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