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Shenaar-Golan V, Hen M. Do Parents' Internal Processes and Feelings Contribute to the way they Report Their Children's Mental Difficulties on the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ)? Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2024; 55:943-953. [PMID: 36308597 PMCID: PMC9617031 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-022-01444-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
The way parents report their child's emotional and behavioral difficulties is important both for identifying the child's needs, diagnosis, and prevention. This study examined to what extent parents' internal processes predict the way in which parents report their child's emotional and behavioral difficulties on the SDQ, as mediated by parental feelings. Parents of children who were referred to a community mental health clinic completed a self-report questionnaire including the following scales: adulthood attachment style, self-regulation difficulty, personal well-being, self-compassion parental feelings, and their child's emotional-behavioral difficulties. Study findings indicated that parents' internal processes do not directly predict parents' report of their children's mental difficulties on the SDQ, only when mediated by parental feelings. These findings highlight the significance of parental feelings in reporting children's behavioral and emotional difficulties. It also contributes to the body of knowledge concerning the importance of caring for parents' needs and feelings and overall parenthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vered Shenaar-Golan
- Social Work Department, Tel-Hai College, Upper Galilee, Israel, 12210.
- Psychology Department, Tel-Hai College, Upper Galilee, Israel, 12210.
| | - M Hen
- Social Work Department, Tel-Hai College, Upper Galilee, Israel, 12210.
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2
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Park Y, Guimond AJ, Crosswell AD, Kubzansky LD. Associations of global and specific components of positive psychological well-being with mortality risk: Findings from two cohort studies. Appl Psychol Health Well Being 2024. [PMID: 38978336 DOI: 10.1111/aphw.12576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Previous studies have examined how various aspects of positive psychological well-being (PPWB) independently relate to healthy aging, yet a notable gap remains in understanding the effects of their overlap (i.e., shared variance). We used data from two longitudinal cohorts, the Midlife Development in the United States Study and the Health and Retirement Study (N = 3,302 and 7,209), each of which assessed hedonic and eudaimonic facets of PPWB (positive affect, purpose in life, personal growth, and self-acceptance) and tracked mortality status across 14-15 years of follow-up. We derived a global factor identifying elements common across PPWB facets and also specific PPWB factors from a bifactor model. Then, we examined if higher PPWB levels (global and specific) are associated with mortality risk. Across cohorts, higher global well-being factor levels were associated with reduced mortality risk, even after adjusting for a range of potential confounders. Fewer independent associations were evident with the specific PPWB factors. Findings suggest that variance common across hedonic and eudaimonic facets of PPWB is associated with lower mortality risk. Considering the shared versus unique effects of different PPWB facets can offer valuable insights for theorizing mechanisms underlying health benefits of PPWB and guiding decisions about intervention targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoobin Park
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Anne-Josee Guimond
- Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard University T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Laura D Kubzansky
- Harvard University T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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3
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Liu L, Miao H, He L, Wang J, Guo C. The bidirectional relationship between benign/malicious envy and subjective well-being in adolescents: The mediating effect of self-esteem. J Adolesc 2024. [PMID: 38961794 DOI: 10.1002/jad.12368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Subjective well-being, an important index for measuring mental health, is presently declining among junior high school students. Envy, one of their common emotions, is inextricably linked to subjective well-being. Based on the Dual Envy Theory, our research explores the bidirectional relationship between benign-malicious envy and subjective well-being. The mediating role of self-esteem, as well as the related gender differences, is examined. METHODS Chinese middle school students (n = 1566, boys 50.3%, age = 13.96 ± 0.88 years old) were assessed at two time points over a 3-month interval. Structural equation modeling was used to examine the longitudinal relationships among the variables. RESULTS (1) Cross-lagged analysis showed a positive bidirectional relationship between benign envy and subjective well-being and a negative bidirectional relationship between malicious envy and subjective well-being in the total sample. However, the path from T1 subjective well-being to T2 malicious envy in boys was not significant. (2) Self-esteem mediated the relationship between both benign and malicious envy and subjective well-being among both boys and girls. A Wald chi-square test showed that T2 self-esteem was a stronger predictor of T2 benign envy in boys than in girls. CONCLUSION The results reveal a virtuous cycle of benign envy and subjective well-being, and a vicious cycle of malicious envy and subjective well-being, while emphasizing the role of self-esteem in this process. Gender differences were also noted. These findings have important implications for improving the subjective well-being of secondary school students and exploring the positive effects of envy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Liu
- Research Center of Mental Health Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hualing Miao
- Research Center of Mental Health Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Psychology, Honghe University, Mengzi City, China
| | - Li He
- Biquan Junior High School, Chongqing, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Sixty Sixth Middle School, Chongqing, China
| | - Cheng Guo
- Research Center of Mental Health Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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Ericson SM, Gallagher JP, Federico AJ, Fleming JJ, Froggatt D, Eleid A, Finn BM, Johnston K, Cai RY. Does emotion regulation mediate the relationship between self-compassion and subjective well-being? A cross-sectional study of adults living in the United States. J Health Psychol 2024; 29:863-876. [PMID: 38069594 DOI: 10.1177/13591053231209668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Subjective well-being influences mental and physical health. Fortunately, interventions exist to improve people's subjective well-being. Emotion regulation and self-compassion are two transdiagnostic factors that impact mental health and have been separately shown to be associated with subjective well-being. However, their combined relationship with subjective well-being has not yet been examined. To address this gap, the current novel study aimed to determine if there is a combined relationship between self-compassion, emotion regulation, and dimensions of subjective well-being cross-sectionally in adults living in the United States. Participants (n = 559; 50% female; Mage = 57.70 years) completed an online survey via Prime Panels from CloudResearch, capturing their responses on the interested constructs. Analyses showed that emotion regulation significantly mediated the relationships between self-compassion and various subjective well-being dimensions, specifically, positive affect (d = 0.32), negative affect (d = 1.17), and eudemonic well-being (d = 0.79). Our findings have both clinical and research implications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ru Ying Cai
- Monash University, Australia
- Autism Spectrum Australia, Australia
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5
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Muller J, Guse T, Ntozini A. Parental experiences of subjective well-being in the context of infant sleep problems. J Reprod Infant Psychol 2024; 42:540-549. [PMID: 36047577 DOI: 10.1080/02646838.2022.2115471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study explored parental experiences of subjective well-being in the context of infant sleep problems. BACKGROUND Although quantitative research has highlighted the deleterious impact of infant sleep problems for parental well-being broadly, little is known about subjective experiences of well-being specifically. METHOD This retrospective qualitative study formed part of a larger multiphase project. Ten parents who approached a sleep consultancy for assistance with infant sleep problems participated in the study. Data was collected through in-depth interviews and results were analysed thematically. RESULTS Two key themes were identified: (1) the negative influences of insufficient sleep on parental subjective well-being, and (2) the indirect influence of infant sleep problems on parental subjective well-being. Participants highlighted the direct influence of insufficient sleep on their life satisfaction, affect and mood. Further, through its impact on infant well-being and behaviour, and the loss of free time, infant sleep problems indirectly negatively influenced parental subjective well-being. As a result, life satisfaction and affect was deleteriously influenced. CONCLUSION Parental subjective well-being may be deleteriously influenced by infant sleep problems, both directly through insufficient sleep and indirectly through the impact of infant sleep problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacomien Muller
- Department of Psychology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Tharina Guse
- Department of Psychology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Anathi Ntozini
- Department of Psychology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
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Chen YT, Hassett AL, Khanna D, Murphy SL. Resilience partially mediates the association between perceived social isolation and life satisfaction in people with systemic sclerosis. JOURNAL OF SCLERODERMA AND RELATED DISORDERS 2024; 9:154-161. [PMID: 38910596 PMCID: PMC11188843 DOI: 10.1177/23971983241232853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Objectives Systemic sclerosis (SSc) negatively affects quality of life, yet the factors influencing life satisfaction, a key aspect of well-being, remain unclear in this population. Social isolation is common in SSc, potentially linked to decreased life satisfaction, but the underlying mechanisms are unexplored. Resilience, a modifiable psychological resource, may act as a mediator in this relationship among people with SSc. This study aimed to examine the relationship between perceived social isolation and life satisfaction and to investigate whether resilience mediates this relationship. Methods The Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Social Isolation Short Form, the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, and the Satisfaction with Life Scale were used to assess perceived social isolation, resilience, and life satisfaction. Linear regressions were conducted using the PROCESS macro for SPSS. Results Among 163 individuals with SSc who provided complete data at baseline (mean age = 54.7 ± 11.9 years), 47% had diffuse cutaneous SSc, and 57% had an early disease duration. Perceived social isolation was negatively associated with life satisfaction. Resilience partially mediated the association between perceived social isolation and life satisfaction in people with SSc. Conclusions Findings revealed a significant association between perceived social isolation and life satisfaction and the mediating role of resilience in this association among people with SSc. Results suggest resilience may act as a protective mediator, counteracting the negative influence of perceived social isolation on life satisfaction. Findings support the promotion of social connection and resilience to enhance life satisfaction in people with SSc. Clinical Trials Registration # NCT04908943.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen T Chen
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Scleroderma Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Afton L Hassett
- Chronic Pain & Fatigue Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Dinesh Khanna
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Scleroderma Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Susan L Murphy
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Scleroderma Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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7
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Ebling S, Johnson SU, Hoffart A, Pallesen S, Ebrahimi OV. The dynamic relationships between well-being, behavioral restrictions, and health behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic: A large-scale intensive longitudinal network study. Appl Psychol Health Well Being 2024. [PMID: 38800934 DOI: 10.1111/aphw.12555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
The behavioral restrictions disrupting daily life during the COVID-19 pandemic have profoundly impacted well-being, and health behaviors have been advocated to prevent decline. To understand how processes related to fluctuation in well-being unfold within individuals, analyses on the within-person level are required. In this preregistered intensive longitudinal study, 1,709 individuals from the Norwegian adult population provided data daily over 40 consecutive days during the pandemic. The responses were modeled in a multilevel vector autoregressive model to estimate within-person networks, across and within-day, and a between-person network. All three networks revealed productivity, relatedness, and optimism as positively associated. Social distancing was contemporaneously negatively associated with productivity and relatedness. Among behavioral factors, being physically active predicted lower relatedness across days but displayed positive associations with relatedness, productivity, and optimism contemporaneously. Alcohol consumption predicted lower productivity across and within-day, although revealing a positive association with optimism within-day. Being social online and feeling related to others displayed a temporal negative bidirectional relationship. In contrast, being social online was positively associated with optimism, productivity, and relatedness contemporaneously. Our study emphasizes the dynamic nature of well-being and its complex associations with behavioral factors during the pandemic. The study shed light on opposing associations of behavioral factors at the within- and between-person level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ebling
- Department of Psychosocial Science, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Sverre Urnes Johnson
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Research Institute, Modum Bad Psychiatric Hospital, Vikersund, Norway
| | - Asle Hoffart
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Research Institute, Modum Bad Psychiatric Hospital, Vikersund, Norway
| | - Ståle Pallesen
- Department of Psychosocial Science, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Omid V Ebrahimi
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Adams R, Crisp DA, Thomas J. The Psychological Impacts of Pill Dysphagia: A Mixed Methods Study. Dysphagia 2024:10.1007/s00455-024-10703-4. [PMID: 38634944 DOI: 10.1007/s00455-024-10703-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Pill dysphagia is a common problem amongst older adults, with significant health consequences. Previous research has found that dysphagia can negatively affect an individuals mental health and wellbeing. However, this research has not been extended to pill-specific dysphagia, which presents distinct differences from the challenges posed by swallowing food and liquids. These differences extend to causes, demographics, and physical health ramifications. This study aimed to address this gap in the literature by investigating the effects of pill dysphagia on the wellbeing of older adults. A community sample of 132 Australians aged 65-97 years completed a survey about their wellbeing and difficulty swallowing pills. Thirty-one participants who met the criteria for pill dysphagia completed further open-ended questions detailing the effects of pill dysphagia and how they manage it. Analyses of the quantitative data indicated that difficulty swallowing pills was unrelated to negative affect but negatively related to positive affect, life satisfaction, and eudemonic wellbeing. Supplementary analyses controlling for health-related variables found no significant relationships between difficulty swallowing pills and wellbeing. Responses to the open-ended questions revealed a range of physical, psychological, and practical impacts of pill dysphagia, and successful and unsuccessful methods used to assist in swallowing pills. The findings partially support the hypothesised effects of pill dysphagia on wellbeing. However, further research is required to establish if more severe pill dysphagia predicts wellbeing over and above self-rated health. Future interventions should incorporate wellbeing promotion strategies for older adults with pill dysphagia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rowan Adams
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, 2617, Australia
| | - Dimity A Crisp
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, 2617, Australia.
| | - Jackson Thomas
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, 2617, Australia
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9
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Martínez-García I, De Witte H, García-Martínez J, Cano-García FJ. A systematic review and a comprehensive approach to PhD students' wellbeing. Appl Psychol Health Well Being 2024. [PMID: 38606943 DOI: 10.1111/aphw.12541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
The pursuit of a doctoral degree is a challenging process that can have a negative impact on the wellbeing of PhD students. Therefore, the aim here is to offer a systematic review of the current state of the literature on wellbeing among PhD students and the variables it involves in order to build an integrative model that will enrich future research. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) methodology for systematic reviews has been used to lay out the process in a flow diagram. We systematically review studies up to 2021 (N = 38) published on the Web of Science and SCOPUS databases. The results show the current state of the literature on wellbeing in PhD students, the characteristics of the studies (location, study design, and sample), how the literature defines the concept, the variables involved, the study limitations, and future perspectives to improve the quality of life of doctoral students. Finally, a comprehensive approach to the topic is presented in an integrative model that encompasses all variables identified in the literature and offers a guide for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inmaculada Martínez-García
- Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológicos, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
- Departamento de Didáctica y Organización Escolar, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Hans De Witte
- O2L, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Optentia Research Unit, North-West University, Vaal Triangle, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Jesús García-Martínez
- Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológicos, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
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10
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Almaradheef R, Alhalal E. Outcomes of adverse childhood experience during late adolescence: Evidence from college and community samples. Res Nurs Health 2024; 47:182-194. [PMID: 38217469 DOI: 10.1002/nur.22368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Scant studies have investigated adverse childhood experience (ACE) outcomes and mastery during adolescence in different cultural contexts. This cross-sectional study examines the impact of ACEs on subjective well-being, health complaints, and healthcare utilization during late adolescence, including the mediating role of the sense of mastery in the Saudi context. Adolescents (N = 396) aged 17-21 years were recruited via convenience sampling from colleges and local communities from two regions in Saudi Arabia. Data were collected using a paper-pencil anonymous survey and analyzed using path analysis. Of the sample, 85.5% experienced at least one ACE. ACEs had a direct effect on subjective well-being (p = 0.034), health complaints (p < 0.001), healthcare utilization (p < 0.001), and sense of mastery (p < 0.001). Sense of mastery had an effect on subjective well-being (p < 0.001) and health complaints (p < 0.001), but not on healthcare utilization (p = 0.436). Sense of mastery partially mediated the relationship between ACEs and subjective well-being (p = 0.034) and health complaints (p < 0.001), but not healthcare utilization (p = 0.438). ACEs have detrimental effects on adolescent health. Attention should be paid to primary prevention and early detection to avoid further harm, and interventions that address the role of the sense of mastery should be developed for adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eman Alhalal
- Community and Mental Health Nursing Department, College of Nursing, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Esch T, Stefano GB, Michaelsen MM. The foundations of mind-body medicine: Love, good relationships, and happiness modulate stress and promote health. Stress Health 2024:e3387. [PMID: 38442034 DOI: 10.1002/smi.3387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Although stress is an everyday fact of life, it can lead to poor health outcomes, particularly when intense or prolonged. However, humans have unique cognitive abilities and thus may be able to combat stress by engaging critical psychological defence mechanisms. In this review, we discuss the field of mind-body medicine, which focuses on improving our understanding of the mechanisms underlying this response and developing interventions that might be used to limit the effects of chronic stress. We review the findings of past and current research in this field that has focused on the impact of psychological, emotional, and behavioural factors, including love, social connectedness, and happiness on human health and the amelioration of pain as well as other signs and symptoms of disease. While these studies have not yet led to confirmed, quantifiable conclusions, the overall weight of evidence suggests that happiness (defined as a personal sense of well-being) may be directly associated with improved health parameters and reductions in debilitating symptoms. Collectively, these findings suggest that interventions designed to promote stress mitigation, notably those that encourage social activity, may lead to significant improvements in human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Esch
- Institute for Integrative Health Care and Health Promotion, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - George B Stefano
- Institute for Integrative Health Care and Health Promotion, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
- First Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry of the First Faculty of Medicine and General Teaching Hospital, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Maren M Michaelsen
- Institute for Integrative Health Care and Health Promotion, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
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12
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Yang K, Ren Y, Peng W, Wang X, Du X, Wang J, Jiang J. Subjective well-being among Chinese breast cancer patients: The unique contributions of death anxiety, self-esteem, and social support. J Health Psychol 2024; 29:213-224. [PMID: 37688375 DOI: 10.1177/13591053231195391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have indicated that cancer patients may have a lower level of subjective well-being (SWB); nevertheless, the underlying factors for this phenomenon remain insufficiently investigated. Based on the characteristics of Chinese breast cancer patients and the unique culture, this study explored the independent contributions of death anxiety, self-esteem, and social support to SWB from the protective and risk perspectives. A cross-sectional survey recruited 514 females with breast cancer and collected participants' demographic and the above variables. The results found that death anxiety independently predicted SWB in a negative direction (β = -0.36, p < 0.001). In addition, self-esteem (β = 0.38, p < 0.001) and social support (β = 0.14, p < 0.001) also had the unique positive effects on SWB. These findings offer new insights into strengthening breast cancer patients' SWB, for instance, using relevant interventions to reduce death anxiety and improve self-esteem and social support.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yinpeng Ren
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, China
| | | | - Xiangyu Wang
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, China
| | | | - Jing Wang
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, China
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13
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Vescovelli F, Cesetti G, Sarti D, Ruini C. Adapted Physical Activity Can Increase Life Appreciation in Patients with Parkinson's Disease. Int J Aging Hum Dev 2024; 98:221-242. [PMID: 37455462 DOI: 10.1177/00914150231183129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Objectives:This study aimed to measure the effect of a treatment of adapted physical activity (APA) on motor symptoms and on positive psychological resources in a group of patients with PD. Methods: 37 patients with PD (Mage= 71.5; 70.3% male) completed measures of disability level, motor performance, distress, well-being, and quality of life before and after participating in a program of APA (duration: 7 months). Analysis of variance - repeated measures was performed to evaluate the effect of APA on disability, distress, and well-being. Results: After intervention, patients reported significant improvements in their motor autonomy, disability level, psychological distress, and in life appreciation. Discussion: A brief physical activity program was beneficial not only to patients' motor functioning, but also to their mental health, by reducing distress and promoting life appreciation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giulia Cesetti
- Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Daniele Sarti
- Riminiterme, Physical Rehabilitation Center, Rimini, Italy
| | - Chiara Ruini
- Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, Rimini, Italy
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14
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Jia Z, Zheng F, Wang F, Yang G. Psychometric properties of the wellbeing literacy 6-item scale in Chinese military academy cadets. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1293845. [PMID: 38495419 PMCID: PMC10940468 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1293845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Positive psychology is a vibrant field of study, and conceptualizations of the components of well-being have received a great deal of attention from researchers. The study of well-being literacy thus provides an innovative perspective for enhancing and sustaining individuals' experiences of well-being. Objective This study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the wellbeing literacy 6-item (Well-Lit 6) scale in Chinese military academy cadets. Methods A total of 3,218 undergraduate students from five military academies in China were recruited to complete questionnaires online. Results (1) The items of the scale showed high discrimination; (2) The alpha coefficient of the scale was 0.986 and the split-half reliability was 0.981, indicating high homogeneous reliability and split-half reliability; (3) The scale model fitted well and displayed structural validity; (4) The correlation between well-being literacy and related indicators was significant, and the calibration correlation and convergent-discriminant validity of the scale were high; (5) After gradually adding demographic variables, known predictors factors and well-being literacy, the ∆R2 for subjective well-being, life satisfaction, depression, and anxiety ranged from 0.036 to 0.067, 0.184 to 0.340, and 0.009 to 0.017, respectively, showing high incremental validity; (6) the total well-being literacy scores differed significantly by gender, grade, and parenting style. Conclusion The Chinese version of the Well-Lit 6 is reliable and valid in predicting and accessing the subjective well-being, life satisfaction, emotion regulation, and psychological resilience of Chinese military academy cadets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Jia
- Department of Developmental Psychology of Armyman, School of Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fangfang Zheng
- Department of Developmental Psychology of Armyman, School of Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Feifei Wang
- Department of Developmental Psychology of Armyman, School of Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guoyu Yang
- Department of Developmental Psychology of Armyman, School of Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Chan SCY, Huang QL, Fung CK. Associations among social participation types, mental and subjective well-being in Chinese older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24 Suppl 1:364-369. [PMID: 37726869 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
AIMS This study investigated the relationships between specific types of social participation and well-being variables (i.e., life satisfaction, positive affect, negative affect, symptoms of depression and anxiety) in Chinese older adults in Hong Kong. METHODS This study was a cross-sectional study. A convenience sample of 341 participants aged 55-95 years (mean, 70.92; SD, 9.03) was recruited to complete a survey questionnaire during the COVID-19 pandemic (between April and June 2022). Five hierarchical multiple regression analyses were conducted to examine the relationships between different types of social participation (physical, cultural, recreational, religious, and voluntary work) and outcome variables. RESULTS After controlling for covariates, it was revealed that only physical activities were associated with all outcome variables. Religious and cultural activities were positively related to positive affect, while an inverse relationship was found between recreational activities and anxiety. CONCLUSIONS With the restrictions on social participation arising from the COVID-19 pandemic, these findings suggest that promoting different types of social interactions might foster various aspects of well-being in Chinese older adults. To achieve successful aging, the role of physical activities might be of paramount importance even under adverse situations. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 364-369.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Cheong Yu Chan
- Felizberta Lo Padilla Tong School of Social Sciences, Caritas Institute of Higher Education, Tseung Kwan O, Hong Kong
| | - Qi Lu Huang
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Cheuk Ki Fung
- School of Arts and Social Sciences, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Hong Kong
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16
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Schlechter P, Morina N. The associations among well-being comparisons and affective styles in depression, anxiety, and mental health quality of life. J Clin Psychol 2024; 80:355-369. [PMID: 37847587 DOI: 10.1002/jclp.23607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Frame-of-reference theories suggest that individuals use different comparison types to evaluate their well-being. Research indicates that the frequency of aversive well-being comparisons is related to depression, with engendered comparison affective impact partly accounting for this relationship. We aimed to replicate this finding, examine whether this extends to anxiety and mental health quality of life, and whether these pathways are moderated by affective styles of concealing, adjusting, and tolerating. We expected concealing as a response-focused style to be associated with higher effects of comparison affective impact on depression, anxiety, and mental health quality of life. Adjusting as an antecedent-focused strategy was expected to mitigate the effects of aversive comparison frequency on comparison affective impact, and the effects of comparison affective impact on the outcomes. Finally, tolerating was expected to be associated with lower effects on both pathways. METHODS AND MEASURES Participants (N = 596) responded to measures of well-being comparisons, affective styles, depression, anxiety, and mental health quality of life. RESULTS Frequency of aversive well-being comparisons was associated with all outcomes. These relationships were partially mediated by comparison affective impact. Adjustment moderated the pathway between aversive comparison frequency and comparison affective impact. No other moderation effect emerged. CONCLUSION The comparison process appears important in well-being evaluations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nexhmedin Morina
- Institute of Psychology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
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17
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Panțiru I, Ronaldson A, Sima N, Dregan A, Sima R. The impact of gardening on well-being, mental health, and quality of life: an umbrella review and meta-analysis. Syst Rev 2024; 13:45. [PMID: 38287430 PMCID: PMC10823662 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-024-02457-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gardening and horticultural therapy (HT) has been widely recognised as a multicomponent approach that has affected a broad range of health and well-being outcomes. The aim of this umbrella review and meta-analysis was to compare the findings of previous reviews on the impact of multiple gardening interventions and gardening attributes on different well-being constructs. METHODS Electronic databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, the Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar were searched from inception to December 2022. Interventional and observational reviews were eligible for inclusion in this umbrella review. Outcome measures included mental well-being, health status and quality of life. The key exposure variables were gardening and horticultural therapy. Narrative synthesis was used to evaluate the overall impact of gardening and HT on study outcomes. For a subsample of studies with available quantitative data, a random effect meta-analysis was conducted. RESULTS This umbrella review included 40 studies (10 interventional studies, 2 observational studies, and 28 mixed interventional and observational studies). The reviewed studies reported an overall positive impact of gardening activities on several measures of mental well-being, quality of life, and health status. Meta-analysis showed a significant and positive effect of gardening and HT activities on well-being (effect size (ES) 0.55, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.23, 0.87, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Evidence from observational and interventional studies supports a positive role for gardening and HT activities on well-being and general health. Interventional studies with horticultural-based therapies were effective in improving well-being and quality of life both in the general population and vulnerable subgroups. The high degree of heterogeneity in the included studies cautions against any direct clinical implications of the study findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Panțiru
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca-Napoca, Romania
| | - A Ronaldson
- Centre for Implementation Science, Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK
| | - N Sima
- Department of Technological Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca-Napoca, Romania
| | - A Dregan
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK
| | - R Sima
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca-Napoca, Romania.
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18
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Ho ES, Ferdosi DV, Pourtousi A, Davidge KM, Anthony SJ. Mental health risk and protective factors associated with brachial plexus birth injuries: a scoping review. Disabil Rehabil 2024; 46:21-30. [PMID: 36562352 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2022.2156628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this scoping review is to synthesize the current evidence on the risk and protective factors associated with mental health in children with brachial plexus birth injury (BPBI) and associated interventions. MATERIALS AND METHODS MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases were searched for reports on mental health in children with BPBI between 10 and 18 years. Risk and protective factors were charted using the VicHealth review and the Person-Environment-Occupation model. RESULTS Of 732 records found, 133 full text reports were reviewed and 16 reports were included. Multiple mental health risks associated with BPBI were identified, while protective factors were largely unexplored. Person-related risks were most common including negative coping strategies (n = 8, 50%) and pain (n = 6, 38%). Most frequently reported environment and occupation risk factors were social difficulties (n = 9, 56%) and challenges with upper limb function and daily activities (n = 6, 38%). Good self-determination and/or self-concept (n = 5, 30%) was the most common protective factor. CONCLUSIONS Research using a strengths-based approach is needed to elucidate protective factors and further understanding of the intersection of person and socio-cultural risk factors of mental health in children with BPBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily S Ho
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Diba Vahidi Ferdosi
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Ava Pourtousi
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Kristen M Davidge
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
| | - Samantha J Anthony
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
- Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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Mitchell KR, Palmer MJ, Lewis R, Bosó Pérez R, Maxwell KJ, Macdowall W, Reid D, Bonell C, Mercer CH, Sonnenberg P, Fortenberry JD. Development and Validation of a Brief Measure of Sexual Wellbeing for Population Surveys: The Natsal Sexual Wellbeing Measure (Natsal-SW). JOURNAL OF SEX RESEARCH 2023:1-11. [PMID: 38127808 DOI: 10.1080/00224499.2023.2278530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Sexual wellbeing is an important aspect of population health. Addressing and monitoring it as a distinct issue requires valid measures. Our previous conceptual work identified seven domains of sexual wellbeing: security; respect; self-esteem; resilience; forgiveness; self-determination; and comfort. Here, we describe the development and validation of a measure of sexual wellbeing reflecting these domains. Based on the analysis of 40 semi-structured interviews, we operationalized domains into items, and refined them via cognitive interviews, workshops, and expert review. We tested the items via two web-based surveys (n = 590; n = 814). Using data from the first survey, we carried out exploratory factor analysis to assess and eliminate poor performing items. Using data from the second survey, we carried out confirmatory factor analysis to examine model fit and associations between the item reduced measure and external variables hypothesized to correlate with sexual wellbeing (external validity). A sub-sample (n = 113) repeated the second survey after 2 weeks to evaluate test-retest reliability. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that a "general specific model" had best fit (RMSEA: 0.064; CFI: 0.975, TLI: 0.962), and functioned equivalently across age group, gender, sexual orientation, and relationship status. The final Natsal-SW measure comprised 13 items (from an initial set of 25). It was associated with external variables in the directions hypothesized (all p < .001), including mental wellbeing (0.454), self-esteem (0.564), body image (0.232), depression (-0.384), anxiety (-0.340), sexual satisfaction (0.680) and sexual distress (-0.615), and demonstrated good test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.78). The measure enables sexual wellbeing to be quantified and understood within and across populations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Melissa J Palmer
- Department of Public Health, Environments and Society, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
| | - Ruth Lewis
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow
| | - Raquel Bosó Pérez
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow
| | | | - Wendy Macdowall
- Department of Public Health, Environments and Society, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
| | - David Reid
- Department of Public Health, Environments and Society, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
| | - Chris Bonell
- Department of Public Health, Environments and Society, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
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20
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Shiri S, Marmor A, Jalagil M, Levine H, Schwartz I, Meiner Z. Psychological Health in Late Effects of Poliomyelitis: Ten-Year Follow-Up. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:3144. [PMID: 38132034 PMCID: PMC10743143 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11243144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals with late effects of poliomyelitis (LEoP) cope with various physical and psychological symptoms throughout their entire life which become more severe as they are ageing. OBJECTIVES To perform a 10-year follow-up of the functional status and levels of psychological health of individuals with LEoP and to examine the associations of hope levels, work status, health perceptions, and life satisfaction with functional and psychological changes. DESIGN A within-subject 10-year follow-up study. PARTICIPANTS Eighty-two individuals with LEoP who participated in a previous study 10 years ago. METHODS Outcome measures included the functional status of individuals with LEoP assessed by the activities of daily living (ADL) questionnaire, emotional distress based on the Global Health Questionnaire (GHQ), hope based on the Hope Scale, life satisfaction as measured by the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), and subjective health perception. The McNemar test, paired t-test, Spearman's correlation coefficient, and linear regression were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS The mean age was 66.9 ± 8.5 years with a male-female ratio of 0.52. A significant functional deterioration was noticed during the follow-up years. Yet, the functional deterioration was not associated with changes in psychological health. Psychological health was associated with elevated levels of hope and life satisfaction. Individuals with LEoP who continued to work demonstrated higher psychological health, higher levels of hope, and greater life satisfaction. CONCLUSIONS Individuals with LEoP demonstrated significant psychological health, manifested in their ability to block emotional distress and maintain life satisfaction despite the deterioration in their functional status. Hope and psychological health were associated with increased life satisfaction. Work appeared to be a significant source of psychological health in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimon Shiri
- Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91120, Israel; (A.M.); (M.J.); (I.S.); (Z.M.)
- The Departments of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Hadassah Mount Scopus Hospital, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Anat Marmor
- Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91120, Israel; (A.M.); (M.J.); (I.S.); (Z.M.)
- The Departments of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Hadassah Mount Scopus Hospital, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Morad Jalagil
- Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91120, Israel; (A.M.); (M.J.); (I.S.); (Z.M.)
- The Departments of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Hadassah Mount Scopus Hospital, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Hagai Levine
- Hadassah Braun School of Public Health, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91120, Israel;
| | - Isabella Schwartz
- Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91120, Israel; (A.M.); (M.J.); (I.S.); (Z.M.)
- The Departments of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Hadassah Mount Scopus Hospital, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Zeev Meiner
- Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91120, Israel; (A.M.); (M.J.); (I.S.); (Z.M.)
- The Departments of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Hadassah Mount Scopus Hospital, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
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21
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Sur A, DeLiema M, Vock DM, Boyle P, Yu L. A Microsimulation of Well-Being and Literacy Interventions to Reduce Scam Susceptibility in Older Adults. J Appl Gerontol 2023; 42:2360-2370. [PMID: 37704219 PMCID: PMC10843831 DOI: 10.1177/07334648231196850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Poor financial and health literacy and poor psychological well-being are significant correlates of scam susceptibility in older adults; yet, no research has examined whether interventions that target these factors may effectively reduce susceptibility. Using longitudinal data from older adults in the Rush Memory and Aging Project (MAP) (N = 1,231), we used microsimulations to estimate the causal effect of hypothetical well-being and literacy interventions on scam susceptibility over six years. Microsimulations can simulate a randomized trial to estimate intervention effects using observational data. We simulated hypotheticalinterventions that improved well-being or literacy scores by either 10% or 30% from baseline, or to the maximum scores, for an older adult population and for income and education subgroups. Simulations suggest thathypotheticalinterventions that increase well-being or literacy cause statistically significant reductions in scam susceptibility of older adults over time, but improving well-being caused a greater-albeit not significantly different-reduction compared to improving literacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparajita Sur
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | - David M. Vock
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Patricia Boyle
- Rush Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lei Yu
- Rush Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
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22
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Gerlach J, Decker ES, Plank AC, Mestermann S, Purbojo A, Cesnjevar RA, Kratz O, Eichler A. Long-Term Effects of Child Early Surgical Ventricular Septal Defect Repair on Maternal Stress. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1832. [PMID: 38136034 PMCID: PMC10741485 DOI: 10.3390/children10121832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
The ventricular septal defect (VSD) represents the most common congenital heart defect (CHD). The diagnosis of and cardiac surgery for their child's VSD are highly stressful experiences for parents; especially mothers, who are at risk of developing long-lasting stress-related symptoms. This study examined long-term alterations in maternal stress including self-reported psychological and biophysiological stress levels in a case-control design. We investigated 24 mothers of children with an isolated, surgically corrected VSD compared to non-affected controls. Maternal self-reports on psychopathology, everyday stress, parenting stress and hair cortisol concentrations (HCC) were measured during children's primary school age (6-9 years, t1) and early adolescence (10-14 years, t2). In maternal self-reports, psychopathology and stress symptoms in the VSD-group and controls were comparable at t1, whereas at t2, mothers in the VSD-group even showed a decrease in psychopathology. Maternal HCC levels in the VSD-group were significantly lower (hypocortisolism) than HCC levels of controls at t1. This effect was no longer observed at t2 reflecting an approximation of HCC levels in the VSD-group to controls' levels. This study highlights the potential for improved stress hormone balance and psychological well-being in mothers following their child's surgical VSD repair. However, the need for parent-centered interventions is discussed, particularly during peri-operative phases and in early child developmental stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Gerlach
- Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Elena S. Decker
- Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anne-Christine Plank
- Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stefan Mestermann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ariawan Purbojo
- Department of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität, Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Robert A. Cesnjevar
- Department of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität, Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, Pediatric Heart Center, University Children’s Hospital, 8032 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Oliver Kratz
- Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anna Eichler
- Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
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Reinwarth AC, Wicke FS, Hettich N, Ernst M, Otten D, Brähler E, Wild PS, Münzel T, König J, Lackner KJ, Pfeiffer N, Beutel ME. Self-rated physical health predicts mortality in aging persons beyond objective health risks. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19531. [PMID: 37945640 PMCID: PMC10636131 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46882-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies on self-rated health and mortality have usually not differentiated between physical and mental health, respectively have not considered physical diseases. This study aims to determine self-rated physical and mental health from middle to old age, examine associations with mortality adjusted for objective risk factors and assess effect modification by gender. In a large population-based sample (N = 14,993 at baseline), self-rated physical and mental health were rated separately by a single-item. Associations to mortality were modelled by Cox regressions, adjusting for potential confounding variables. Most participants rated their physical (79.4%), resp. mental health (82.3%) as good. Poor self-rated physical health was lowest in the youngest group (19.6%, age 35-44), and highest in midlife (29.1%, age 55-64). Poor self-rated mental health was lowest among the oldest (18.5%), and highest from 45 to 54 years (29.3%). Poor self-rated physical, but not mental health was predictive of mortality when adjusting for objective risk factors. Male gender and poor self-rated physical health interacted (RERI 0.43 95%-CI 0.02-0.85). Self-rated physical health was best in the youngest and worst in the midlife group, this pattern was reversed regarding self-rated mental health. Poor self-rated physical, but not mental health was predictive of mortality, adjusting for objective risk factors. It was more strongly predictive of mortality in men than in women. Poor subjective physical health ratings, should be taken seriously as an unfavorable prognostic sign, particularly in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna C Reinwarth
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Felix S Wicke
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Nora Hettich
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Mareike Ernst
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Psychotherapy, and Psychoanalysis, Institute of Psychology, University of Klagenfurt, Klagenfurt am Wörthersee, Austria
| | - Danielle Otten
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Elmar Brähler
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Philipp S Wild
- Preventive Cardiology and Preventive Medicine - Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB), Mainz, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Münzel
- Department of Cardiology - Cardiology I, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB), Mainz, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jochem König
- Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Karl J Lackner
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB), Mainz, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
| | - Norbert Pfeiffer
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Manfred E Beutel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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24
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Zadworna M, Stetkiewicz-Lewandowicz A. The relationships between wisdom, positive orientation and health-related behavior in older adults. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16724. [PMID: 37794089 PMCID: PMC10550949 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43868-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The concept of healthy ageing, i.e. maintaining health in late life, is closely connected with the role of health behavior. Although health behavior is determined by personal factors, little is known about its relationships with wisdom and positive orientation. Therefore, the aim of the study was to establish relationships between sociodemographic and health factors, personal resources (wisdom and positive orientation) and health-related behavior in late life. The study included 353 Polish seniors aged 60-99 (M = 71.95; SD = 1.45). The respondents completed the Health-Related Questionnaire for Seniors, Three Dimensional Wisdom Scale, Positive Orientation Scale and a sociodemographic survey. Wisdom and positive orientation were associated with general health behavior and all of its factors. Among the sociodemographic variables, attendance in nonformal education courses had the strongest predictive role for health behavior. A hierarchical regression model demonstrated that personal resources significantly determined healthy lifestyle, after controlling for sociodemographic factors. Additionally, mediational analyses revealed that positive orientation acted as a partial mediator between wisdom and health behavior. Our findings extend knowledge about the factors enhancing healthy lifestyle in older adults, indicating that both wisdom and positive orientation may represent valuable personal resources for health-related behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Zadworna
- Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Educational Sciences, University of Lodz, al. Rodziny Scheiblerów 2, 90-128, Lodz, Poland.
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25
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Reinilä E, Kekäläinen T, Kinnunen ML, Saajanaho M, Kokko K. Longitudinal associations between emotional well-being and subjective health from middle adulthood to the beginning of late adulthood. Psychol Health 2023:1-16. [PMID: 37767928 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2023.2261038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Emotional well-being may predict future health and vice versa. We examined the reciprocal associations between emotional well-being and subjective health from age 36 to 61. METHODS AND MEASURES The data were drawn from the Jyväskylä Longitudinal Study of Personality and Social Development and included information from 36-, 42-, 50- and 61-year-olds (N = 336). The emotional well-being indicators included life satisfaction and negative and positive mood. The subjective health indicators were self-rated health and psychosomatic symptoms. The analyses were conducted with random intercept cross-lagged panel models. RESULTS Within-person cross-lagged associations were found between emotional well-being and subjective health. Fewer psychosomatic symptoms at ages 36 and 50 predicted higher life satisfaction at ages 42 and 61, respectively. A lower negative mood at age 42 and a higher positive mood at age 50 predicted fewer psychosomatic symptoms at 50 and 61, respectively. Conversely, a higher negative mood at ages 36 and 50 predicted better self-rated health at ages 42 and 61, respectively. CONCLUSION The relationship between emotional well-being and subjective health appears to be reciprocal. Both emotional well-being and subjective health predicted each other even 6-11 years later. However, associations may depend on the variables and age periods investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmi Reinilä
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Tiia Kekäläinen
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Marja-Liisa Kinnunen
- The Wellbeing Services County of Central Finland, Jyväskylä, Finland
- School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Milla Saajanaho
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
- Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Katja Kokko
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
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Purther H, Nitert-Brown C, Vahidi Ferdosi D, Ho ES. Intersection of physical and mental health of youth with brachial plexus birth injuries: A qualitative study. HAND THERAPY 2023; 28:103-110. [PMID: 37904902 PMCID: PMC10581534 DOI: 10.1177/17589983231168034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Youth with brachial plexus birth injuries (BPBI) have an increased risk of mental health issues such as depression, anxiety, and diminished self-confidence. Despite this evidence, current standards of care focus on physical interventions. Evaluation of psychological and emotional concerns is rarely prioritized in clinical settings. Therefore, mental health needs are unmet and poorly understood. Methods An interpretivist qualitative approach was used to understand the perspectives of youth with BPBI and their caregivers on the barriers and facilitators of addressing mental health concerns, to inform practice guidelines, and promote meaningful participation within this population. Results A purposeful sample of nine youth with BPBI between 10 to 20 years and eight caregivers participated in in-depth interviews. The interviews were semi-structured and an average of 60 min (35-85 min) long. Three themes emerged from these data: (i) physical disability identity and mental health; (ii) pursuit of "normal" body image; and (iii) paradox of advocacy. Findings illuminated the intersection of physical and mental health in these youth and provides actionable practice recommendations. Areas of need were identified including mental health support around the challenges of advocacy, body image, surgery, and preparation for the 'aging out' process for youth and their families. Conclusions The well-being of youth with BPBI is a result of the intersection between their physical and mental health. Further research on optimizing mental health resources within physical health settings is needed to better support the holistic needs of these youth and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halle Purther
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Cora Nitert-Brown
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Diba Vahidi Ferdosi
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Emily S Ho
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Pavlova I, Krauss S, McGrath B, Cehajic-Clancy S, Bodnar I, Petrytsa P, Synytsya T, Zhara H. Individual and contextual predictors of young Ukrainian adults' subjective well-being during the Russian-Ukrainian war. Appl Psychol Health Well Being 2023. [PMID: 37652753 DOI: 10.1111/aphw.12484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
The Russian invasion of Ukraine is accompanied by horrific losses among civilians. This study investigates various individual (hope, optimism, resilience, post-traumatic growth, and coping strategies) and contextual predictors (experience of life under occupation, actively hostile home environment, and frequent moves) of subjective well-being among the youth living in Ukraine. A total sample of 593 students from several universities participated in the study using surveys that contained questions about sociodemographic characteristics, life satisfaction, hope, optimism, personal post-traumatic growth, resilience, and coping strategies. Data were analyzed using JAMOVI software. The level of dissatisfaction with their own lives was 34.7%; most of the respondents had a higher incidence of minimal/mild hopelessness (88.7%) and high/moderate level of optimism (60.9%). The majority of participants had moderate and high levels of post-traumatic growth (51.9% and 6.7%, respectively) and resilience (46.0% and 14.5%, respectively). Optimism, hope, resilience, post-traumatic growth, using emotional support, and life in occupation predicted life satisfaction among the study sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iuliia Pavlova
- Department of Theory and Methods of Physical Culture, Lviv State University of Physical Culture, Lviv, Ukraine
- Lesya Ukrainka Volyn National University, Lutsk, Ukraine
| | - Steven Krauss
- Institute for Social Science Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Breeda McGrath
- The Chicago School of Professional Psychology, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Ivanna Bodnar
- Department of Theory and Methods of Physical Culture, Lviv State University of Physical Culture, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Petro Petrytsa
- Department of Physical Education and Rehabilitation, Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University, Ternopil, Ukraine
| | - Tetiana Synytsya
- Faculty of Physical Culture and Sports, National University "Yuri Kondratyuk Poltava Polytechnic", Poltava, Ukraine
| | - Hanna Zhara
- Department of Biological Bases of Physical Education, Health and Sports, T.H. Shevchenko National University "Chernihiv Colehium", Chernihiv, Ukraine
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Sun Y, Gao J, Zhang X, Cheng Y. The impact of internet use on residents' happiness in China. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1188259. [PMID: 37693723 PMCID: PMC10484006 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1188259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Using data from the 2018 Chinese General Social Survey (CGSS), this study investigates the impact of internet use on residents' happiness. Empirical results show that internet use significantly enhances residents' happiness. Considering the possible endogeneity problem, a two-stage tool variable estimation is carried out with ownership of a mobile phone as the tool variable. After overcoming the endogenous problem and conducting a series of robustness tests, the conclusion is still valid. The action mechanism finds that social interaction frequency and socioeconomic status (SES) play significant mediating effects in the process of internet use affecting happiness. Specifically, internet use significantly increases the social interaction frequency of residents and enhances their SES. The improvement of social interaction frequency and SES will significantly increase residents' happiness. Therefore, this paper gives policy recommendations from the perspectives of regulating and deepening internet use, increasing the frequency of communication among residents, and improving their SES to better enhance their happiness.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xiaolin Zhang
- School of Economics, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
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Song CF, Tay PKC, Gwee X, Wee SL, Ng TP. Happy people live longer because they are healthy people. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:440. [PMID: 37464330 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-04030-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Higher levels of happiness are associated with longer life expectancy. Our study assessed the extent to which various factors explain the protective effect of happiness on all-cause mortality risk, and whether the association differs between older men and women. METHODS Using data from the Singapore Longitudinal Aging Studies (N = 6073) of community-dwelling older adults aged ≥ 55 years, we analyzed the association of baseline Likert score of happiness (1 = very sad to 5 = very happy) and mortality from mean 11.7 years of follow up. Cox regression models were used to assess the extent to which confounding risk factors attenuated the hazard ratio of association in the whole sample and sex-stratified analyses. RESULTS Happiness was significantly associated with lower mortality (p < .001) adjusted for age, sex and ethnicity: HR = 0.85 per integer score and HR = 0.57 for fairly-or-very happy versus fairly-or-very sad. The HR estimate (0.90 per integer score) was modestly attenuated (33.3%) in models that included socio-demographic and support, lifestyle or physical health and functioning factor, but remained statistically significant. The HR estimate (0.94 per integer score) was substantially attenuated (60%) and was insignificant in the model that included psychological health and functioning. Including all co-varying factors in the model resulted in statistically insignificant HR estimate (1.04 per integer score). Similar results were obtained for HR estimates for fairly-to-very happy versus fairly-to- very sad). DISCUSSION Much of the association between happiness and increased life expectancy could be explained by socio-demographic, lifestyle, health and functioning factors, and especially psychological health and functioning factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai Feng Song
- Health and Social Sciences, Singapore Institute of Technology, 10 Dover Dr, Singapore, Singapore, 138683, Singapore
| | - Peter Kay Chai Tay
- Health and Social Sciences, Singapore Institute of Technology, 10 Dover Dr, Singapore, Singapore, 138683, Singapore
| | - Xinyi Gwee
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shiou Liang Wee
- Health and Social Sciences, Singapore Institute of Technology, 10 Dover Dr, Singapore, Singapore, 138683, Singapore.
| | - Tze Pin Ng
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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Phulkerd S, Thapsuwan S, Soottipong Gray R, Chamratrithirong A, Pattaravanich U, Ungchusak C, Saonuam P. Life Satisfaction Before and During COVID-19 Pandemic in Thailand. Int J Public Health 2023; 68:1605483. [PMID: 37519434 PMCID: PMC10372220 DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2023.1605483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: To investigate prevalence of life satisfaction in the Thai population before and during the COVID-19 epidemic, and factors associated with life satisfaction during the epidemic. Methods: Multistage sampling was used to draw a sample from the Thai population. A total of 3,115 Thai participants age 15 years or older from a nationally-representative longitudinal survey in 2019 and in 2021 were included in this study. The study applied the Scale with Life Satisfaction (SWLS) instrument to measure life satisfaction among the Thai population before and during the COVID-19 epidemic. Multiple regression analysis was used to investigate the association between life satisfaction and other variables. The follow-up survey response rate for individuals was 44.8%. Results: An average life satisfaction score during the COVID-19 epidemic (in 2021) was 22.4 which decreased from 25.5 before the COVID-19 epidemic (in 2019). More than one-third of the participants (36.5%) reported having less life satisfaction during the epidemic, which was nearly 20 percentage points higher than before the epidemic (17.7%). Controlling for life satisfaction in 2019, the analysis found statistical associations between demographic and economic characteristics and health-related behaviours, and life satisfaction during 2021. People in the older age cohorts (p ≤ 0.001), in a rural area (p ≤ 0.05), having higher education (p ≤ 0.001), still being employed (p ≤ 0.01) and becoming unemployed (p ≤ 0.01) had higher life satisfaction. The possibility of higher life satisfaction was also found in people who maintained good health (p ≤ 0.01), sufficient physical activity (p ≤ 0.001), and fruit and vegetable intake (p ≤ 0.01). People with income loss during the epidemic had lower life satisfaction (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusion: The findings suggest that policies and systems for resilience and social protection are needed for empowering individuals-especially the poor and vulnerable-to cope with crises, and improve health and wellbeing outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirinya Phulkerd
- Institute for Population and Social Research, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Sasinee Thapsuwan
- Institute for Population and Social Research, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | | | | | - Umaporn Pattaravanich
- Institute for Population and Social Research, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Chantana Ungchusak
- Healthy Lifestyle Promotion Section of Thai Health Promotion Foundation, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pairoj Saonuam
- Healthy Lifestyle Promotion Section of Thai Health Promotion Foundation, Bangkok, Thailand
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Anderson NW, Russ SA, Eisenberg D, Halfon N. Dashboards as Mechanisms for Community Empowerment: Developing a Prototype for Child and Adolescent Well-being in California. JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE 2023; 29:529-538. [PMID: 37200100 PMCID: PMC10198469 DOI: 10.1097/phh.0000000000001746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT In recent years, stakeholders in public health have emphasized measuring young peoples' well-being as a more holistic and upstream approach to understanding their health and development. However, summarizing the available indicators of well-being in ways that strengthen ongoing policy and community efforts remains a challenge. PROGRAM Our objective was to develop a measurement framework of young peoples' well-being that would be engaging and actionable to a broad and diverse set of stakeholders in California. IMPLEMENTATION We began with a scan of the relevant literature documenting previous efforts to measure young peoples' well-being, both within the United States and internationally. Subsequently, we individually interviewed a set of key informants and then convened a multidisciplinary panel of experts to solicit feedback on our approach. Throughout this iterative and collaborative process, we developed and refined a measurement framework based on the information provided across these various sources. EVALUATION Findings suggest data dashboards are a promising approach for presenting a parsimonious yet holistic picture of young peoples' well-being. Dashboards can highlight well-being's multidimensionality by categorizing indicators over different domains. Our framework organizes indicators over 5 types: child-centric, subjective well-being, contextual determinants, developmental, and equity-focused. The design and flexibility of dashboards can also highlight important gaps in data collection that are of interest to end users such as indicators not yet collected among the broader population. Furthermore, dashboards can include interactive features, such as selecting key data elements, that can help communities articulate priority areas for policy action, thereby generating momentum and enthusiasm for future iterations and improvements. DISCUSSION Data dashboards are well suited for engaging a variety of stakeholders on complex multidimensional concepts such as young peoples' well-being. However, to fulfill their promise, they should be codesigned and codeveloped through an iterative process with the stakeholders and community members they intend to serve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel W Anderson
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Fielding School of Public Health (Drs Anderson, Eisenberg, and Halfon), Center for Healthier Children, Families and Communities, Department of Pediatrics, Geffen School of Medicine (Drs Russ and Halfon); and Department of Public Policy, Luskin School of Public Affairs (Dr Halfon), UCLA, Los Angeles, California
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Armadans-Tremolosa I, Selva-O'Callaghan A. Inflammatory myopathy in adults, health-related quality of life, and wellbeing: a round trip between immune disease and wellness. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2023; 19:1239-1246. [PMID: 37452824 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2023.2238128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and wellbeing are poorer in patients with chronic conditions than in the general population, and this is the case of individuals with myositis. Research has shown a negative relationship between this disease and wellbeing, but there is little data on the effect that enhanced wellbeing has on the disease course. AREAS COVERED HRQoL, wellbeing, and other related concepts are examined here with special emphasis on the benefits of positive status in the physical, environmental, psychological, and social function areas for reducing the severity of the clinical course and organ damage in a chronic condition such as myositis. The factors affecting HRQoL, and wellbeing are analyzed to delineate specific strategies that will lead to improvements in the life of adult patients with myositis. The mechanisms implicated in these changes are also discussed. EXPERT OPINION Myositis refers to a heterogeneous group of chronic systemic autoimmune diseases. HRQoL and wellbeing are poor in these patients, and evidence suggests that improvements in this line can have positive repercussions on the course and outcome of the disease. Strategies to improve HRQoL and wellbeing should be designed for adults with myositis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Immaculada Armadans-Tremolosa
- Department of Social Psychology and Quantitative Psychology, PsicoSAO-Research Group in Social, Environmental, and Organizational Psychology, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Selva-O'Callaghan
- Systemic Autoimmune Diseases Unit, Department of Medicine, Vall d'Hebron General Hospital, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Lang BM, Ledergerber M, Jordi SBU, Krupka N, Biedermann L, Schreiner P, Juillerat P, Wyss J, Vavricka SR, Zeitz J, von Känel R, Rogler G, Beerenwinkel N, Misselwitz B. Because I'm happy - positive affect and its predictive value for future disease activity in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases: a retrospective cohort study. Therap Adv Gastroenterol 2023; 16:17562848231179335. [PMID: 37564129 PMCID: PMC10411285 DOI: 10.1177/17562848231179335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background While the detrimental impact of negative emotions on the clinical course of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and quality of life has been extensively investigated, evidence for a potential impact of positive emotions is scarce. Objectives We aim to analyse contributing factors of positive affect and their predictive value for disease course in IBD patients. Design In this retrospective cohort study, epidemiological, psychosocial and IBD disease characteristics of Swiss IBD cohort study patients were analysed longitudinally. Methods Epidemiological, psychosocial and disease characteristics were extracted from the database of the Swiss IBD cohort study. Participants' positive emotions were assessed cross-sectionally with the seven-item Marburg questionnaire (range 1-6) addressing positive affect in different aspects of daily life. Predictors of positive emotions were identified by linear regression. The quantitative longitudinal impact of positive emotions on the further disease course was analysed using a multivariable Cox proportional hazards model. Results Among 702 IBD patients, those reporting more positive emotions were found to have significantly less intense medical treatment, less pain and fewer depressive symptoms (p < 0.05). A higher percentage of variability in positive emotions was explained by pain (36%) and depressive symptoms (13%) than by epidemiological characteristics (0.3%), or characteristics of IBD and its treatment (2.4%). Patients with higher levels of positive emotions (score > 3.5) experienced longer flare-free survival, also after adjusting for confounders (adjusted hazard ratio: 0.39, p < 0.05). Conclusions The absence of pain and depressive symptoms were the strongest drivers for high positive affect. Higher scores of positive affect were associated with longer disease-free survival in IBD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian M. Lang
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
- SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martina Ledergerber
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian Bruno Ulrich Jordi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital Bern and Bern University, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Niklas Krupka
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital Bern and Bern University, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Luc Biedermann
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Schreiner
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Pascal Juillerat
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital Bern and Bern University, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jacqueline Wyss
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital Bern and Bern University, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Stephan R. Vavricka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jonas Zeitz
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Centre of Gastroenterology, Clinic Hirslanden, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Roland von Känel
- Department of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gerhard Rogler
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Niko Beerenwinkel
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
- SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin Misselwitz
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital Bern and University of Bern, Freiburgstr. 18, Bern 3010, Switzerland
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Song H, Lei N, Zeng L, Li X, Li X, Liu Y, Liu J, Wu W, Mu J, Feng Q. Genetic predisposition to subjective well-being, depression, and suicide in relation to COVID-19 susceptibility and severity. J Affect Disord 2023; 335:233-238. [PMID: 37178830 PMCID: PMC10174343 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies have reported associations between subjective well-being (SWB), depression, and suicide with COVID-19 illness, but the causality has not been established. We performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate the causal link between SWB, depression, suicide and COVID-19 susceptibility and severity. METHODS Summary statistics for SWB (298,420 cases), depression (113,769 cases) and suicide (52,208 cases) were obtained from three large-scale GWAS. Data on the associations between the Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) and COVID-19 (159,840 cases), hospitalized COVID-19 (44,986 cases), and severe COVID-19 (18,152 cases) were collected from the COVID-19 host genetics initiative. The causal estimate was calculated by the Inverse Variance Weighted, MR Egger and Weighted Median methods. Sensitivity tests were used to evaluate the validity of the causal relationship. RESULTS Our results showed that genetically predicted SWB (OR = 0.98, 95 % CI: 0.86-1.10, P = 0.69), depression (OR = 0.76, 95 % CI: 0.54-1.06, P = 0.11), and suicide (OR = 0.99, 95 % CI: 0.96-1.02, P = 0.56) were not causally related to COVID-19 susceptibility. Similarly, we did not find a potential causal relationship between SWB, depression, suicide and COVID-19 severity. CONCLUSIONS This indicated that positive or negative emotions would not make COVID-19 better or worse, and strategies that attempted to use positive emotions to improve COVID-19 symptoms may be useless. Improving knowledge about the SARS-CoV-2 and timely medical intervention to reduce panic during a pandemic is one of the effective measures to deal with the current decrease in well-being and increase in depression and suicide rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfei Song
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Na Lei
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Ling Zeng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Xue Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Xiuyan Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Yuqiao Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Jibin Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Wenjun Wu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China.
| | - Jie Mu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China.
| | - Quansheng Feng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China.
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Mahmoodi SMH, Rasoulian M, Khodadoust E, Jabari Z, Emami S, Ahmadzad-Asl M. The well-being of Iranian adult citizens; is it related to mental health literacy? Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1127639. [PMID: 37215675 PMCID: PMC10196501 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1127639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Subjective well-being (SWB) is a fundamental concept in the definition of mental health and is a significant health indicator for individuals and societies. Mental health literacy (MHL) is a modifiable variable with known effects on mental health, but its relationship with SWB is not recognized. In this study, the SWB is measured, and its relationship to MHL is investigated. Methods In this cross-sectional study conducted in Iran in 2019, 1,682 individuals participated using a convenient sampling method. Participants with a basic ability to use internet were included. A simple online form was used to collect data. SWB and MHL were measured with three questionnaires: WHO-5 Well-Being Index, Mental Health Literacy Scale, and Mental Health Positive Knowledge. Results Most of the participants were young (mean age 25.99, SD 9.14), female (71.9%), and had a university degree (78.5%). The mean SWB was 50.19 out of 100 (SD 20.92). More than half of the participants (50.4%) were screen-positive for clinical depression regarding their low well-being. Significant but very small correlations were detected between SWB and both MHL measures. Conclusion The well-being of half of the educated Iranian citizens who participated in this study was poor and lower than previous measurements. No strong correlation is detected between SWB and MHL measures in this study. This suggests that people's well-being cannot be improved by merely implementing mental health educational programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mohammad Hossein Mahmoodi
- Mental Health Research Center, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Rasoulian
- Mental Health Research Center, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elaheh Khodadoust
- Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Jabari
- Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sahar Emami
- Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Ahmadzad-Asl
- Mental Health Research Center, Tehran Institute of Psychiatry, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Bautista J, Schueller SM. Understanding the Adoption and Use of Digital Mental Health Apps Among College Students: Secondary Analysis of a National Survey. JMIR Ment Health 2023; 10:e43942. [PMID: 36947115 PMCID: PMC10132041 DOI: 10.2196/43942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing rates of mental health diagnoses in college students signal the need for new opportunities to support the mental health of this population. With many mental health apps being efficacious, they may be a promising resource for college campuses to provide support to their students. However, it is important to understand why (or why not) students might want to use apps and their desired features. OBJECTIVE Information on students' interest in mental health apps may inform which apps are to be provided and how campuses can support their use. This study aimed to understand the interest and hesitation in app use and the relationship between mental health needs, as defined by depression, anxiety, and positive mental health, and app use. METHODS The web-based Healthy Minds Study collected information on mental health needs, perceptions, and service use across colleges and universities. We used a sample of 989 participants who completed the survey between 2018 and 2020 and an elective module on digital mental health. We analyzed the elective module responses using a mixed methods approach, including both descriptive and inferential statistics, along with thematic coding for open text responses. RESULTS The Results from this study revealed that anxiety (b=-0.07; P<.001), but not depression (b=0.03; P=.12) and positive mental health (b=-0.02; P=.17), was a significant predictor of app adoption. Prominent qualitative findings indicated that the most desired app features included tips and advice, access to resources and information, and on-demand support that involves interaction throughout the day. The participants also suggested an overall desire for human interaction to be integrated into an app. As predicted, hesitancy was encountered, and the qualitative results suggested that there was a lack of interest in the adoption of mental health app and preference. CONCLUSIONS The findings from this study underscore that simply providing digital mental health apps as tools may be insufficient to support their use in college campuses. Although many students were open to using a mental health app, hesitation and uncertainty were common in the participant responses. Working with colleges and universities to increase digital literacy and provide resources that allow students to gauge when app use is appropriate may be helpful when implementing mental health apps as resources in college campuses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine Bautista
- School of Social Ecology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Stephen M Schueller
- School of Social Ecology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
- Department of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
- Department of Informatics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
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Schlechter P, Morina N. Aversive well-being comparisons in dysphoria and the role of brooding rumination. BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY 2023; 62:444-458. [PMID: 36872585 DOI: 10.1111/bjc.12418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Individuals frequently engage in comparisons on how they are doing relative to different standards. According to the general comparative-processing model, comparisons can be perceived as aversive (appraised as threatening the motives of the comparer) or appetitive (appraised as consonant with, or positively challenging the motives). Research indicates that aversive comparisons are associated with depression. We hypothesize that aversive comparisons play a significant role in the relationship between brooding rumination and depression. Drawing on central propositions of control theory that discrepancies instigate rumination, we investigated the mediating role of brooding rumination in this relationship. Reflecting the different directionality, we also examined whether well-being comparisons mediate the relationship between brooding rumination and depression. METHODS Dysphoric participants (N = 500) were administered measures of depression and brooding rumination, and the Comparison Standards Scale for Well-being. The latter assesses aversive social, temporal, counterfactual, and criteria-based comparisons regarding their (a) frequency, (b) perceived discrepancy to the standard, and (c) engendered affective valence. RESULTS The relationship between the frequency of aversive comparisons with depression was partially accounted for by comparison discrepancy and engendered affective valence and brooding rumination. The relationship between rumination and depression was partially mediated by sequential comparison processes. CONCLUSIONS Longitudinal research needs to unravel the underlying directionality of the relationship between depression, brooding, and comparison. Relevant clinical implications of well-being comparison are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nexhmedin Morina
- Institute of Psychology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
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Shiota MN. Fulfilling the Promise of Well-Being Science: the Quest for Conceptual and Measurement Precision. AFFECTIVE SCIENCE 2023; 4:32-35. [PMID: 37070018 PMCID: PMC10104997 DOI: 10.1007/s42761-022-00159-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Research on well-being has grown exponentially in the last 30 years, employing a variety of constructs and operational measures to produce a wealth of empirical research. This has led to a rich and high-impact, yet somewhat fragmented body of work. The target article by Park and colleagues initiates a valuable conversation aimed at converging on a shared conceptual definition of well-being. A rigorous program of further theoretical analysis and new research is needed to identify the boundaries as well as the core of well-being, and to document facets that are both statistically distinct and meaningful. The resulting conceptual clarity and measurement precision will facilitate mechanism-level research on causes and consequences of well-being, providing a strong foundation for scalable interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle N. Shiota
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, P.O. Box 871104, Tempe, AZ 85287-1104 USA
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Jõgi AL, Malmberg LE, Pakarinen E, Lerkkanen MK. Teachers' situational physiological stress and affect. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2023; 149:106028. [PMID: 36657344 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2023.106028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Since teaching is a demanding and stressful profession, the study of teachers' physiological stress in the classroom setting is an emerging field. In cross-sectional studies self-reported stress and affect are related, but less is known about the intraindividual relations between situational physiological stress and corresponding positive and negative affect. The aim of our study was to investigate the associations between situational physiological stress (six salivary cortisol samples per day) and self-reported situational affect (Positive and Negative Affect Schedule four times a day) among 61 Finnish primary school teachers over two workdays. We present a novel multilevel structural equation model (MSEM) that includes cortisol, with time since awakening as a flexibly coded time-varying covariate and affect with time since cortisol measurement as a time-varying covariate. Higher levels of teachers' situational physiological stress were related to lower situational positive affect (e.g., enthusiasm) and higher negative affect (e.g., nervousness), demonstrating the acute/situational effects of stress on affect. In our discussion, we emphasize the importance of the sequence of sampling and observations for further theoretical modeling of relations between stress and affect. We also propose practical implications for improving teachers' awareness of their well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Liisa Jõgi
- Tallinn University, Estonia; University of Jyväskylä, Finland.
| | | | - Eija Pakarinen
- University of Jyväskylä, Finland; University of Stavanger, Norway
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Sense of Coherence as a Resource in Promoting Well-Being and Managing Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Pilot Study. PSYCHIATRY INTERNATIONAL 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/psychiatryint4010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
When investigating the feelings of caregivers to patients with T1DM, parental stress, anxiety, and depression are found to be most prevalent, especially in the diagnostic phase and in the first months after diagnosis. In this pilot study, we research various significant elements regarding the well-being of mothers with children between 10 and 15 years of age with a chronic condition. The study focuses on a period of at least three years after the child’s diagnosis. The aims of the study are to describe our sample’s levels of satisfaction (SWLS) and subjective happiness (SHS) and to evaluate possible associations. A sample of 40 mothers was offered a series of assessment tools about psychological skills that could play a role in improving mothers’ well-being: the use of specific coping mechanisms (CISS), the methods of narrating the experience of life with a son/daughter with diabetes, the sense of coherence (SOCS 29), health parameters vs. child’s disease (HbA1c, CBCL), and socio-demographic, such as education and work. The most significant associations with respect to subjective happiness are with the sense of coherence, as a unitary value and as distinct factors, and with task-oriented coping. Sense of coherence is also associated with satisfaction.
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Ward S, Womick J, Titova L, King L. Meaning in Life and Coping With Everyday Stressors. PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY BULLETIN 2023; 49:460-476. [PMID: 35109717 DOI: 10.1177/01461672211068910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Meaning in life (MIL) has been proposed to improve coping and resilience. Yet MIL's association with coping has primarily been investigated in the context of extreme stressors and trauma, often using varied measures of MIL. Is MIL associated with varied coping strategies, coping self-efficacy, and distress in relation to commonly experienced, everyday challenges? Using diverse methodological designs, five studies (total N = 1,646) investigated the association between MIL and coping strategies/appraisals pertaining to varied challenging, stressful events. Across recalled (Studies 1 and 2), anticipated (Study 3), and experienced stressors (Studies 3-5), MIL was consistently associated with positive reinterpretation, proactive planning, coping self-efficacy, and stress. MIL was inconsistently related to threat/emotion-coping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Ward
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA
| | - Jake Womick
- The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
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Moreira PAS, Inman RA, Cloninger CR. Disentangling the personality pathways to well-being. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3353. [PMID: 36849800 PMCID: PMC9969391 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29642-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent genomic, psychological, and developmental research shows that human personality is organized as a complex hierarchy that ascends from individual traits in many specific situations to multi-trait profiles in two domains that regulate emotional reactivity (temperament) or goals and values (character), and finally to three integrated temperament-character networks that regulate learning to maintain well-being in changing conditions. We carried out person-centered analyses of the components of subjective well-being (positive affect, negative affect, and life satisfaction) to personality in both adolescents (N = 1739) and adults (N = 897). Personality was considered at each level of its organization (trait, temperament or character profiles, and joint temperament-character networks). We show for the first time that negative affect and life satisfaction are dependent on the personality network for intentional self-control, whereas positive affect is dependent on the personality network for self-awareness that underlies the human capacities for healthy longevity, creativity, and prosocial values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo A S Moreira
- Instituto de Psicologia E de Ciências da Educação (IPCE), Universidade Lusíada Porto, Porto, Portugal.
- Centro de Investigação Em Psicologia Para O Desenvolvimento (CIPD), Lisbon, Portugal.
- Departamento de Educação e Psicologia, Faculdade de Ciências Humanas e Sociais, University of Trás-Os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal.
| | - Richard A Inman
- Instituto de Psicologia E de Ciências da Educação (IPCE), Universidade Lusíada Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Centro de Investigação Em Psicologia Para O Desenvolvimento (CIPD), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - C Robert Cloninger
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Anthropedia Foundation, St. Louis, USA
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Haim-Litevsky D, Komemi R, Lipskaya-Velikovsky L. Sense of Belonging, Meaningful Daily Life Participation, and Well-Being: Integrated Investigation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4121. [PMID: 36901132 PMCID: PMC10002207 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The association between well-being, sense of belonging, connectedness to community, and meaningful participation in daily life occupations was theoretically proved and demonstrated in several health conditions or specific age groups. This study aimed to investigate an interplay between well-being, sense of belonging, and connectedness, and meaningful participation in a range of daily life occupations among healthy adults of working age in Israel. Participants (N = 121; age: M = 30.8, SD = 10.1; women: N = 94, 77.7%) completed standard instruments to evaluate the main constructs through an internet survey. A variety of communities, that the participants reported to belong to, were not different in the sense of belonging and connectedness, participation dimensions, and well-being. An association was found between sense of belonging and connectedness, the participation subjective dimension, and well-being (0.18 < rp < 0.47, p < 0.05). Sense of belonging explained in a significant way the variance in well-being (F(3) = 14.7, p < 0.001; R2 = 0.274) and was found to be a mediator between participation and well-being (1.86 < Sobel test < 2.39, p < 0.05). The study provides empirical support to the interrelationship between meaningful participation, sense of belonging and connectedness, and well-being in a healthy population. Participation in a range of meaningful activities that contribute to the sense of belonging and connectedness as a universal concept could further promote well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Reut Komemi
- School of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Lena Lipskaya-Velikovsky
- School of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
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Mahamid F, Veronese G, Bdier D. The factorial structure and psychometric properties of the PERMA-Profiler Arabic version to measure well-being within a Palestinian adult population. MIDDLE EAST CURRENT PSYCHIATRY 2023. [DOI: 10.1186/s43045-023-00282-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The PERMA-Profiler is an international methods designed to test the general wellbeing of adults in terms of 5 pillars: positive and negative emotions, engagement, relationships, meaning, and accomplishment .In our study, we tested the psychometric properties and the factorial structure of PERMA-Profiler within the Palestinian context using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The sample of the current study consisted of 582 Palestinian adults recruited from online advertisements, e-mail campaigns and social media.
Results
The PERMA-Profiler showed good validity and reliability indicators in assessing general wellbeing among Palestinians, the CFA results revealed a stable five-factor construct of the PERMA-Profiler.
Conclusions
More future studies validating the PERMA-Profiler with diverse groups in the Palestinian context are recommendable, which will enable mental health providers to develop clinical interventions targeting individuals who suffer from mental distress and low levels of well-being.
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Sheng L, Zhao T, Liu J, Gao J, Peng H, Xin S. Changes of medical staffs' subjective well-being in China (2004-2020): A cross-temporal meta-analysis. Appl Psychol Health Well Being 2023; 15:425-446. [PMID: 35971663 DOI: 10.1111/aphw.12387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Subjective well-being is a crucial index measuring the mental health of medical staffs, and it is necessary to examine the changes in subjective well-being (SWB) level of Chinese medical staffs with time. A cross-temporal meta-analysis was performed using papers that measured the SWB level of Chinese medical staffs between 2004 and 2020. Moreover, a time-lag analysis was conducted to define whether the macro-social indicators can explain the changes in SWB. A total of 47 papers were included in the final sample. The results revealed that score of SWB was significantly negatively correlated with the year. Score of SWB was significantly associated with six social indicators of economic condition (the residents' consumption level, housing prices, and old-age dependency ratio), social connectedness (the divorce rate and the urbanization level), and overall threat (the crime rate), which indicated that social change may account for the decline of Chinese medical staffs' SWB level. Our study revealed a decreasing trend of Chinese medical staffs' SWB level over time, which was associated with macro-social changes in diverse areas. In addition, combined with the corresponding macro-social indicators, a three-dimensional theoretical framework is proposed to explain the SWB for medical staffs as a group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Sheng
- School of Educational Science, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Taige Zhao
- School of Educational Science, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Jinxiao Liu
- School of Educational Science, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Junjie Gao
- School of Educational Science, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Haiyun Peng
- School of Educational Science, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Sufei Xin
- School of Educational Science, Ludong University, Yantai, China
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Zhang M, Zhang W, Shi Y. Are happier adolescents more willing to protect the environment? Empirical evidence from Programme for International Student Assessment 2018. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1157409. [PMID: 37123297 PMCID: PMC10130446 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1157409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
A large number of existing studies have discussed the potential factors affecting pro-environmental behaviors (PEBs) in adolescents. However, few studies have focused on the possible impact of adolescents' subjective wellbeing (SWB) on their PEBs. Why and how adolescents' SWB affects their PEBs remains a puzzle. To unravel this puzzle, this paper aims to establish a suitable instrumental variable (IV) to correctly estimate the contribution of adolescents' SWB to their PEBs. Using the international data from the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) 's Programme for International Student Assessment 2018, we construct a unique dataset of eight countries or economies, which includes 56,374 samples related to the SWB and PEBs of 15-year-old students. In this paper, the days of physical education classes in school per week are used as the IV. Through a two-stage least squares method, we find that the contribution of adolescents' SWB to PEBs is significantly positive. We also find that the pathway by which SWB improves PEBs works through adolescents' self-efficacy. Furthermore, the results indicate that the positive impact of SWB on PEBs is more pronounced among adolescents with better peer relationships and stronger multicultural values. Our findings highlight the influence of positive affects in cultivating adolescent' PEBs and the importance of growing up surrounded by happiness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- The Co-Innovation Center for Social Governance of Urban and Rural Communities in Hubei Province, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Weidong Zhang
- School of Business Administration, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yong Shi
- School of Accounting, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- *Correspondence: Yong Shi,
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Dalokay EB, Aydin A. The relationship between alexithymia, communication skills and mental well-being of Nurses' in Turkey: A cross-sectional study. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2023; 43:81-86. [PMID: 37032020 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2022.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between alexithymia, communication skills, and mental well-being of nurses. METHODS This descriptive and correlational study was conducted with 272 nurses working in a hospital in Turkey. Data were collected using the "Introductory Information Form", "Health Professionals Communication Skills Scale", "Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale", and "Toronto Alexithymia Scale". Mean and percentage distributions as well as Pearson's correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis were used to analyze the data. The STROBE checklist was used to report this study. RESULTS It was determined that non-alexithymic nurses had higher mean scores communication skills and in mental well-being compared to alexithymic nurses. The nurses' alexithymia scores were negatively correlated with their communication skills and mental well-being scores. On the other hand, their nurses' mental well-being scores were positively correlated with their communication skills scores. Communication skills and mental well-being of the nurses accounted for 38.5 % of their alexithymia levels. CONCLUSIONS It is recommended that awareness-based interventions be carried out since increasing the emotional awareness of nurses will contribute to the development of their professional skills as well as their positive psychological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Buse Dalokay
- Eskişehir Osmangazi University Health, Practice and Research Hospital, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Adeviye Aydin
- Sinop University Faculty of Health Sciences Nursing Department, Sinop, Turkey.
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Silva BNS, Martins BG, Campos LA, Marôco J, Campos JADB. Subjective wellbeing of preschool children. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1156755. [PMID: 37151594 PMCID: PMC10157251 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1156755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of the present study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Autoquestionnaire Qualité de Vie Enfant Imagé (AUQEI) in pre-school children and estimate the influence of demographic characteristics on their subjective wellbeing. Methods Construct validity was estimated using confirmatory analysis and the chi-square per degrees of freedom ratio (χ2/df), Comparative Fit Index (CFI), Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI), and Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA). Reliability was assessed by the ordinal alpha (α) and omega (ω) coefficients and the factorial invariance by the difference in CFI (ΔCFI). Mean scores for each AUQEI item and the general score were calculated. Results A total of 443 Preschool children enrolled in public education institutions participated. The original 4-factor AUQEI model showed collinearity between factors and a high correlation between two items. A single factor model was tested, presenting adequate fit to the data (χ2/df = 4.47; CFI = 0.98; TLI = 0.98; RMSEA = 0.08; α = 0.98; ω = 0.93; UniCo > 0.95, EVC > 0.85, and MIREAL < 0.30) and strict model invariance (ΔCFI < 0.01). The AUQEI model proved to be valid in relation to the external variables. Most children (76.7%) had positive subjective wellbeing. Higher scores were observed for items concerning recreation, holidays, and birthdays, and lower scores for those referring to hospitalization, medication, medical consultation, and being away from the family. The relationship between the demographic characteristics of the child or his/her mother and subjective wellbeing was not significant (p > 0.05). Conclusions The assessment of subjective wellbeing with the single-factor AUQEI model provided valid, reliable, and invariant. Thus, being a relevant and interesting instrument to assess wellbeing in young children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Núbia Souza Silva
- Department of Morphology and Children's Clinics, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bianca Gonzalez Martins
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucas Arrais Campos
- Department of Morphology and Children's Clinics, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Ear and Oral Diseases, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Institute of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- *Correspondence: Lucas Arrais Campos
| | - João Marôco
- William James Center for Research (WJCR), University Institute of Psychological, Social, and Life Sciences (ISPA), Lisbon, Portugal
- Flu Pedagogy, Nord University, Bodø, Norway
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Yu R, Lai D, Leung G, Tam LY, Cheng C, Kong S, Tong C, Cheung B, Woo J. Moving towards the ICOPE Approach: Evaluation of Community-Based Intervention Activities on Improving Intrinsic Capacity. J Nutr Health Aging 2023; 27:1028-1037. [PMID: 37997725 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-023-2003-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Different types of community-based intervention activities may have differential effects in improving the intrinsic capacity (IC) of older people. This study aims to (i) identify subgroups of older people based on their IC impairments, (ii) examine the differential associations between different types of activity participations and change in IC across subgroups, and (iii) assess whether the activity participation patterns of older people align with the way that would benefit them the most. METHODS Participants were community-dwelling older people aged 60 years or above. They were screened for IC impairments at baseline, and their participation records of different types (cognitive, physical, nutritional, mental, and social) of intervention activities were collected for one year. An aggregated IC score was created based on four IC domains including cognitive (self-rated memory), locomotor (self-rated difficulties in walking), vitality (self-rated weight loss), and psychological (subjective well-being). Cluster analysis was used to group homogenous participants. Mixed-effects regression was used to examine the associations between activity counts (i.e., number of sessions participated) and change in IC. Activity participation patterns were also compared across subgroups. RESULTS Data were obtained from 7,357 participants (mean age = 74.72 years). Four clusters were identified, including those who were relatively robust (cluster 1, N = 4,380, 59.5%), those who had cognitive decline (cluster 2, N = 2,134, 29.0%), those who had impaired mobility and vitality (cluster 3, N = 319, 4.3%), and those with poor psychological well-being (cluster 4, N = 524, 7.1%). Overall, activity count was associated with IC improvement (β = 0.073, 95% CI [0.037, 0.108]). However, as regards the cluster-specific results, different types of activities were associated with IC improvement for different specific clusters. For instance, cognitive activity count was associated with IC improvement only for cluster 2 (β = 0.491, 95% CI [0.258, 0.732]). Notably, none of the activity types were associated with IC improvement for cluster 1. Regarding the activity participation patterns, there were no significant differences across the four clusters (Wilk's Λ = 0.997, F = 1.400, p = .138). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS IC improvement depended on the activity types and IC status of older people. In view of this, a people-centred and targeted approach should be adopted to maximize the overall benefits of intervention activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Yu
- Ruby Yu, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, E-mail:
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Valla L, Telle Hjellset V, Cvancarova Småstuen M, Sparboe-Nilsen B. Quality of life and associated factors among Norwegian public health nurse students during the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0282653. [PMID: 36928254 PMCID: PMC10019636 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0282653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The main objective of this study was to investigate the association between quality of life (QOL) and civil status, self-efficacy, loneliness, and physical and mental health among public health nurse (PHN) students during the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2020. PHN students were recruited from eight universities and university colleges in Norway. A range of potential predictive factors were entered into a model using a stepwise linear regression approach. In general, the PHN students reported a high level of QOL during the first month of the pandemic. The students' civil status, perceived physical health, self-efficacy and loneliness were all significantly correlated with QOL. Among these, the strongest predictive factors for QOL were found to be perceived loneliness and self-efficacy. Our results provide insight into the QOL of PHN students, which managers in the higher education sector can use to outline specific coping strategies that can help students during a pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisbeth Valla
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
- Regional Centre for Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Eastern and Southern Norway (RBUP), Oslo, Norway
- * E-mail:
| | - Victoria Telle Hjellset
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Milada Cvancarova Småstuen
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Bente Sparboe-Nilsen
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
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